yashsingh1/xdaforums huggingface dataset:
[One (M7) Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] khandelwalsiddharth:
i think its a hardware problem :P
[Windows RT General] Shad0wguy:
I seem to have an issue with my Vivotab RT. Not sure when it started since I only noticed it recently. When the lock screen is on the screen it will rotate the full 360. However, as soon as I unlock it it reverts to the default position and won't rotate at all. I saw one post here about a Lenovo that had this issue after updating to 8.1, but I never tested the rotation before updating so I don't know if this is the case. Is there a simple fix to this problem? Has anyone else experienced it?
[Windows RT General] Shad0wguy:
After some searching this issue seems to be fairly common with multiple makes and models of tablets, both RT and PRO. The only common factor is they are running 8.1, and a reboot fixes it temporarily. There doesn't seem to be any fix for the problem though, which is disappointing.
[Galaxy Note 10.1 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Sutty15:
Hi,

I have the original Note 10.1 and it has been working great for over a year but recently the internal memory just keeps filling, no matter what I do. I have cleared out all unwanted apps & data which worked for a while butn a matter of weeks, & without downloading any more apps, it's become full again. I then did a factory reset which worked well, but within 2 weeks same again!

Any ideas?
[Galaxy Note 10.1 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Shipove:
Could be one App that is synchronising data to the tablet.

Do factory reset.

Remove the memory card

don't use any apps

and monitor the storage space used. (if the internal memory is still getting low so the tablet need to reinstall the firmware)

Make sure you don't setup DropBox account to see what will happen.

after this try one app at a time to see which app is eating the storage.

final option is to do reinstall of the stock firmware again using Odin.
[Galaxy Note 10.1 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Sutty15:
Thanks, have done factory reset again and all good so far...:good:
[Galaxy Note 10.1 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] HugoTick:
i have the same problem with u

i have the same problem with u,

and i need to *#9900# to delete the dump to solve it temporaily,

are you using 4.0.4 just like me??

or updated to 4.1.1?
[Galaxy Note 10.1 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Sutty15:
I'm on 4.1.2 it's been fine since I did the last reset but I took the memory card out and haven't put it back in so I don't know if it was something on that that was causing the problem
[MDA II, XDA II, 2060 ROM Development] Rudegar:
you extract the files from the rar

you unhide and unlock the extented rom

you delete what is in the extented rom

you copy the content you got from the rar file

you hide and lock the extented rom

you hardreset your device
[Transformer TF300T Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] dewils80:
OK,

I have bootloader 10.6.1.8, TWRP 2.4.4.0 and until this morning a working CM10.2 (latest stable). The device began to switch itself off randomly a few days ago, so I used that as a reason to try Omnirom 4.4.

So, I followed this: http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2575727

And when I read the line "ONLY WHEN YOU ARE ON THE 4.2+ BOOTLOADER", I looked up what 10.6.1.8 was and decided (rightly or wrongly) it WAS the 4.2+ bootloader. So I flashed TWRP 2.6.3.1 for kitkat.

That resulted in a split screen TWRP, which I managed to use enough to restore my backup (including recovery) and the tablet rebooted into my old working ROM (yay!)...until I rebooted into the recovery again and tried to flash last nights nightly 10.2 build (to see if that solved the power off issue) which failed - and now my ROM bootloops.

Where I am now:

- I can get into fastboot, my device manager (on two machines, a Win7 x86, and a Win8.1 x64) shows the Asus bootloader device, but fastboot shows no devices. ADB shows no devices as well.

- I can get into TWRP, but I cannot see all of the zip files I put on my external card. I put a new ROM there, and TWRP just doesn't see it. So I cannot flash a new ROM. I've tried re-flashing an old version of CM10.2 I found on my internal SD, but that also bootloops.

- The ROM loads up until the lockscreen, where it bootloops. Even when it tries safe-mode, it loops again. My computer see's the tablet when it's booting (if the cable is plugged in at the time) but it loops before I can put anything on the internal SD.

Before I do anything else....what do I do?

(Thank you for any help you can give, in advance).:crying:
[Transformer TF300T Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] cmendonc2:
You need to upgrade you bootloader. 10.6.1.8 is not new enough, as said here: http://xdaforums.com/showpost.php?p=48508679&postcount=7. Flash the latest stock blob from fastboot or from TWRP.

After that, you can install TWRP 2.6.3.1 and then OmniROM.
[Transformer TF300T Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] dewils80:
Hi - thanks for the reply!

I didn't think I could do that ---^ because I couldn't get fastboot to work on either of my windows machines. But I installed fastboot and adb on my Ubuntu machine, and that worked seamlessly. :laugh:

So I now have the latest Asus firmware on and running, and a working TWRP 2.6.3.0.

That should let me flash the TWRP 2.6.3.1 zip from that thread linked above - and then flash Omnirom. :victory:

For anyone else in this predicament: I had to erase all of the device partitions with fastboot BEFORE flashing the Asus firmware. Without the erase, the Asus ROM just sat on the logo screen doing nothing.

Thanks again.
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
Is anyone else getting this problem? It just keeps saying searching. I've tried with multiple ROMs along with wiping data, cache, dalvik, factory resets...nothing works.
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] USBhost:
I had kind of the same problem as you are having right now. my GPS lock on the just turn off right away.

Try GPS Status app It fixed all my problems with my GPS on off. who knows it may work for you too.

Tell me if I helped
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
Tried the app, still a no go. I've waiting 10 minutes + and it still said searching :confused:
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] TBayTom:
I'm having the same problem on Mk2...
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] USBhost:
ok did you click on reset gps?
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
Sure did. I tried every wipe and reset possible and still nothing. I'm downloading a 4.3 ROM to see if that fixes anything..
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] USBhost:
are you on mf3 or mk2?

---------- Post added at 04:52 PM ---------- Previous post was at 04:46 PM ----------

try pulling the sim card and restart then put it back then restart agen
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
Mk2 running slimkat
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] USBhost:
try pulling the sim card and restart then put it back then restart agen
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
A flash of the MDL modem made GPS work again......
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] TBayTom:
You just flash the MDL modem via odin or Safestrap? Is this ok to do over MK2?

edit: You are a life saver... Flashing the MDL modem with safestrap/twrp fixed my gps!!!!!!
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
My phones originally mdb and I never let it update so I just used twrp
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] turtle*:
So the flash to MDL fixed your problm?

I have the same issue and i'm on MDB right now.
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] greekunit690:
Yeah
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] RockRatt:
I had the same problem with MK2, I needed it yesterday and gps wasn't working. Now I am on NB1 and it locked good and fast.

Sent From My Spiderman,Ironman,Red,Dark Blue,Green, GreyedOut BadAss Themed I337
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] turtle*:
Sadly MDB to MDL didn't work for me.
[AT&T Samsung Galaxy S 4 Q&A, Help & Troubleshootin] gadget069:
Flashed MDL on mk2 and GPS is back.
[IDEs, Libraries, & Programming Tools] rickboerebach:
Hi xda,

I've been using Plot Projects in my Android app for about a year now. It's a really neat plugin that I would like to share with all of you.

In their dashboard you can easily add locations and notifications for those locations. Just their analytics and heatmaps by itself was reason enough for me to use this plugin in my app. Their analytics and heatmaps gave me insights of when and where my users use my app. In my case I could clearly see certain train stations having a high density of my users. Currently I'm exploring opportunities using PlotProjects to monetize my app by earning money by sending discount coupons for coffee and food retailers on these stations.

Great tool I can recommend to anyone here for new ways to improve app retention and monetization :)

Website: http://www.plotprojects.com/
[Sony Tablet S] joshuagtgym:
Has anyone ported the Sony Sketch App for the XTS?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
My Moto G is a german Retail Version.

Yesterday i've discovered that stock recovery under US GLOBAL RETAIL KK doesn't work anymore. Green Android with red warning sign. Everything else was working fine. So today i went back to my country specific jelly bean firmware and stock recovery also was fine again.

Now i've sideloaded the german OTA update for KitKat via ADB. And again, the stock recovery doesn't work.

What could be the matter?

Someone else here with the same problems?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Rusty!:
Not that I wish to sound condescending, but are you aware how stock recovery usually works? Static image that turns to a menu when you press power and volume up?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] 2hipso:
mine moto g is similiar

I have similiar question.

when I'm running fastboot there are this choices:

Normal powerup, Recovery, Factory, Switch console, Barcodes, BP tools

when I choose anything it will just power up the phone as normal powerup
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Rusty!:
Are you using volume up to choose?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] 2hipso:
yes

yes
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] krucymucy:
It doesn't work for me either. I have UK retail device flashed to 4.4.2 US retail.

Did you use TWRP recovery to install SuperSU maybe?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
Not a problem for me. ;) But i know how to use the stock recovery menu on the moto g.

I've used it to sideload the KitKat OTA update. The matter is that it doesn't work under KitKat anymore.

Looks like the same problem. And i doesn't use any custom recovery to push root on the device.

But after i'm going back to my country specific (jelly bean) firmware, also the stock recovery works again.

And i was able to sideload the KK OTA via ADB. System runs perfectly after that. But the stock recovery doesn't work again.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] gee2012:
Have had the same issue on 4.3 , i went to recovery with adb: abd reboot recovery. Also on 4.4.2 i can`t get into recovery by pressing volume up and the power button, it boots up every time.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
Powerbutton is wrong, you have to choose an entry with volume down and then press Volumen up to accept it.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] makcode:
if you have a custom recovery on 4.4.2 you must flash the motoboot from 4.3
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] 2hipso:
gee, to get to recovery your phone need to be turned off and then you must hold three buttons (power button and both volume buttons) for a few seconds
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
@ makcode: Yes, i know. But I'm on stock recovery.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] kaliberx:
Thru Bootloader, if you choose !!stock!!recovery with Volume Up it is really that the recovery just's shows the Android with a red Sign on it. No Menu no nothing. That happend only since the KitKat OTA.

And then 2hipso is right : Holding both Volumes + power for just 1-2 seconds shows the Menu.

plus : They finally fixed the order od the Menu as it seems.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
How do you Boot into recovery? Over ADB?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] JoukeHijlkema:
I have the same problem on a french moto G. I sideloaded kitkat and now I can't boot into recovery. Not with the power/volume button, not with the booloader and not with adb ....
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
I dont think the reason is sideloading the OTA-Update. I had have the same Problem on the Global US bevore
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] 2hipso:
well... maybe a bug

I did sideload OTA and my recovery menu is working... but if I choose something, nothing hapens. it will just turn on the phone
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
I think you are not in the recovery menu. Wich entries do you see?
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] 2hipso:
aah

Sorry I means Fastboot

and I see normal poerup, recovery, factory, switch console [NULL:null], barcodes, BP tools

no of them work
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
Thats the same problem i have.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
Here is the solution. Boot into fastboot menu, choose 'recovery' with volume down and then press volume up. If you see the lying Android Robot press and hold the power button and both volume buttons together for 2 seconds and release them again. Seems to be a bug under KitKat, because under JB I was able to boot into recovery directly from fastboot menu.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] gee2012:
Or open cmd (as administrator) and type: adb reboot recovery if the \android-sdk\platform-tools\ are installed on the PC.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
This also doesn't work for me. It only boot up to green Android Robot.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] gee2012:
Hmm, works perfectly for me bro, it boots straight into recovery.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
Really strange....! Get on monday a brand new Moto G for my sister. After the update to KitKat I will test the same procedure.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] gee2012:
When you see that screen first press volume up and then tap the power button and you`ll get into recovery bro.
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
Thats right! But is this normal or is it a bug? Because under JB it boots up straight from fastboot menu
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Rusty!:
It's normal
[Moto G Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] rapunzel11:
'It is not a bug it is a feature'

But it is really a bug and Motorola knows about it. Under KitKat you can't boot directly from fastboot menu into stock recovery.

I'm really surprised that only a few people has noticed it.
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] mikeyboy82:
just got my boy a 32gb micro sd card for his tablet (tab 3) that we got him for xmas. and there doesnt seem to be a 'move to sd card' option like on my phone.

please tel me i havnt wasted money on A the tab and B the card.

thanks
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] mikeyboy82:
anyone kindly help.

according to the internet there is no option for this on the s2 latest firmware 4.1.2 and have to wait for samsung to update it

please can someone clarify this or help me out?
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] zibrah3ed:
Have you tried apps2sd from the Play store? If not there is always installing a custom Rom.

sent from a buggy xda app by some miracle
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] dcharleyultra:
Which Tab 3 model do you have?
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] mikeyboy82:
its just a samsung galaxy tab 3 7" in white
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] mikeyboy82:
dont want to root it cos its brand new
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] zibrah3ed:
http://m.instructables.com/id/How-to-install-apps-onto-your-SD-Card-No-Root/

This is a tutorial how to move them without root. Haven't tried it myself and it has a warning about galaxy devices not working well, but it's worth a rt if you are against rooting.

sent from a buggy xda app by some miracle
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] photo216:
I have rooted and installed a custom rom. I still have not been able to crack the code on how to install apps to ext sd card. I know there has to be away. I feel the pain of everyone with a Tab 3 7.0. I would have never thought that such a simple option would be disabled.
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] mikeyboy82:
no point in rooting it then if you cant do it. i have also researched that everyone with a tab 7" have same problem BUT the 10" is fine and so is the tab 2. we got him the tab 3 cos they came down in price so seemed pointless getting him the tab 2..

Think ill get onto samsung and find out whats they plan on doing,otherwise we'll have to take it back if nothing can be done. He's moaning he's low on memory and cant use his ext sd card :(
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] ssjkakaroto:
My guess is that this has something to do with Google's policy of only supporting internal memory.

It got pretty obvious with SD card "bug" on the 4.3 update for the GS4.
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Will_Xda:
If you root can't you just swap the EXT SD card with the internal one ? or is the not supported on Tab3 7.0, that way the app and game data can be stored on SDcard (this is useful if you're son is playing Games that require a lot of external space, e.g. Modern combat 4 or NFS Most wanted)

Just a suggestion, if this wont work then i will most likely be taking my tab3 back aswell.
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Ripshock:
Just download app2sd for a temporary option until devs figure out another way
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] photo216:
How is using that app a temporary option?
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Ripshock:
Because devs (developers) are trying tomfind a way to move apps from internal to external sd card or the opposite so as for now people use this app but you can't move any app sadly :(

sent from SM-T210(R)ocketTab 3.0 $up€R_f@$T
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] jjslips:
Do you have to be rooted to use app2sd ?
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] Ripshock:
No

sent from SM-T210(R)ocketTab 3.0 $up€R_f@$T
[Galaxy Tab 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] jjslips:
Ok thank you as I was gonna root it but if I don"t have to to use this app to move stuff to sd and a rooting it doesn't help that then it's kind of pointless I guess unless there is some cool roms out there

---------- Post added at 09:48 AM ---------- Previous post was at 09:19 AM ----------

Well those apps do not work on the tab 3 atleast not for me on a T210R
[HTC Desire X] Xelux_usa:
Hi.

We can use the menu button if we keep presing recent apps button, so....

why need to see the menu in top of the screen in apps?

I hate this, a normal phone with hardware menu button doesnt show this menu on apps, is there any way to hide this from all apps?

(I have root access)

Thanks
[Verizon Galaxy Note 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] cas77per:
My Phone [Rom][N900VVRUBMI9][4.3] and rooted with SafeStrap Recovery

Need To Unable Arabic Language

Any Help ... !:good:
[Verizon Galaxy Note 3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] krazy_smokezalot:
in b4 the lock or move... wrong section try posting your question here

http://xdaforums.com/verizon-galaxy-note-3/help
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] sas90850:
Tested on my 818pro and working well. But little bit slow. My friend use Wizard also work fine.

Extract the file, you have 2 cab file.

The first one with name 1_o2p202200106_wm5s.cab

The second one with name 2_O2Plus.v2.0.Patch.cab

Copy those 2 files to your device.

1. Run the first one, do not soft reset

2. then install the second one

3. Soft reset

Enjoy
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] zaitsman:
what does exactly o2PLUS include (is it their SMS plus or dialling thing or what?) In case it is say SMS, does it REPLACE original apps?
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] bonovox:
too bad it isn't vga :(
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] rain:
Can you upload the other stuff also :

O2 SMS Plus ,O2 MediaPlus ,O2 Setup Wizard,O2 Self Diagnostic ,FM Radio ?

Rain
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] ady:
SMSPlus has been posted here before. Here:
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] ericizzy1:
'O2 Plus can work on WM5.0 PDA' can someone tell me what this program is for and how good is it?
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] rain:
Is the o2 Active User Interface asian version...o2 AUI is slowing the device but this o2 Plus is something that is ... just something that i wouldn't want on my device ... poor design too much space ocuppied on the screen (not to talk about the flickering) not very intuitive ... and not to be modest but even a rookie can make this plugins in max a week.

This is my first impression on o2 XDA Exec running on latest WWE RUU.

I'm only interested in the other apps of the package related to radio,music player , equalizer - they look nice in the snapshot on their seeo2 website.
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] kagudesu:
More O2 Plus Information

Here is more information on 02 Plus.

http://pdaphonehome.com/forums/showthread.php?p=525304#post525304

and

http://www.seeo2.com/product/XdaAtom/template/O2Plusv2_2005.vm

I would love to find the O2 Media Plus. Anyone have that?
[Windows Mobile Development and Hacking General] wonderben:
O2 Phone Plus

Does any one manage to get the O2 Phone Plus working on the 818 pro
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] tofueatsbread:
AOKP for the Samsung Galaxy Ace 2

Brought to you by TeamNova

Installation:

1. Wipe data/cache(recommended)

2. Flash rom

3. flash Gapps

4. reboot to system

Rom

Gapps

Bugs/Issues:

-Low-incall bug

-You tell me

Screenshots:

Source

TeamNova's Github

Thanks:

-Rox

-slv96

-TeamNova

-TeamCanjica

-Maclaw and team

-AOKP Team

-Everyone else who made this possible

Changelog:

05-01-2014

-Initial Release

08-01-2014

-Fix Shutdown/Rebooot issue

24-01-2014

-AOKP Sources update

15-02-2014

-AOKP sources update

-Camera working

-OMX working

-Sweep2Wake trigger added in Ace 2 settings

-Torch working

-Kernel updated to 3.0.101

-Removed ondemanq

-Added abyssplug governor

-fixed stock camera FC

16-02-2014

-AOKP source update

-Google(CMIIW?) kernel

-pegasusq governor

-sioplus scheduler

22-02-2014

-AOKP source update

-Reverted kernel to 3.0.31(BT should work properly now)

06-03-2014

-AOKP source update

-New STE power hal

-rotation glitch fixed

-pegasusq governor added

-sioplus scheduler added

Notes:

-Booting ART takes a few minutes(or more)

-Use Gravitybox [KK] for more customization.

Misc:

-To swap storages

1. Download StorageSwap.sh

2. Download Scriptmanager

3. Open StoragesSwap.sh with Script manager and set SU and Boot icon

4. Reboot

OR

1. Flash crashdjent's script in CWM :)

2. Reboot to system

OR

1. open Galaxy Ace 2 Settings

2. go to advanced panel

3. check 'Swap Storages' option

-Sweep2Wake

GalaxyAce2Settings-> ADVANCED -> Sweep2Wake

Video(thanks to zaryab360)

http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=MwyhvAkBBcM
​
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] slv96:
Good work! :D
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] PolishVodka:
Just look here http://maclaw.pl/downloads/#
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] Rox:
@up

I should write "Just look here http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2555021" to maclaw cm 11 thread ???
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] PolishVodka:
Yes, you should... Its just info, nothing to this ROM.
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] tofueatsbread:
Updated!

Shutdown/Reboot stuck fixed :)

download link: http://d-h.st/2Kr
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] justrhian:
its diffrent with your other aokp 4.4.2 project?
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] tofueatsbread:
Other one was ported, this is compiled from source :/
[Galaxy Ace II Android Development] needo2:
What are the status bar options? how many battery icons can I choose from?