yashsingh1/xdaforums huggingface dataset:
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Bugly Astard:
I get the same "You cannot flash from your current bootloader" message in twrp 2.6.0.0. Currently on I747UCALi5, attempting to upgrade to I747UCUEMJB.

Fixed, using notepad plus. Extracted the updater-script and added I747UCALI5, then copy pasted into the original zip. Worked!
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
EDIT: Misread.

I don't have a "U" device, so I sometimes miss versions when making the assert lists. Sorry about that.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] mrkele:
I updated bootloader and now I cant get my data working. Does anyone know how to fix this and can help me out?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] stanguay:
Change your radio.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] exarkun631:
Trying to fix my i747

So I followed your instructions but in ODIN, when I attempt to find the linked file it doesn't show up. When I click PDA, ODIN wants .tar, .md5, .smd, .gz or .tgz none of which are present in the boot_CWM_I747UCUEMB. What am I doing wrong? I soft bricked my phone last week and am desperate to fix this.

Thanx
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Groot:
Looking forward for the new bootloader for att s3 ?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] MrLowetastic:
Nice i have been looking for this for a little bit now.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Groot:
It's okay man! Good luck on your job and take your time!
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Tornade69:
+1 for FNE6 Canadian Variant... Anyone knows if this bootloader is locked to prevent downgrading to other bootloader ???
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Groot:
Hmm OT question, does anyone know how to check your current bootloader? Where to and how to check it? Thankd
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Saqib Mushtaq 74:
i747m android 4.4.2 debrick file needed

sir i downloaded 4.4.2 rom from sammobile.com and flashed it with mobile odin everything was cool it installed sucessfully but my sim was not detected so i reebooted it but nothing happened instead it was hard bricked so i request you to give a debrick file for 4.4.2 as 4.3 debrick file does nothing for me thanks in advance waiting for ur reply
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] MercilessLTD:
Download a Terminal Emulator from the Play Store. Type "getprop ro.bootloader" in a terminal.

Sent from my Garnet Red SGS III
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Garrett4:
Tar file

Where can I download the tar files to use in Odin? I am not able to get into recovery since my phone became soft bricked from a cm11 update and I can't put one of the older bootloaders in because that will also brick it since it has one of the new ones already installed.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] apfurste:
Installed bootloader but nothing happened

Hi-

Under my system info my baseband version I have 1747UCLDLK3.

It also shows android version 4.1.2. I have Dandroid 3.9 installed from a year ago or so. ( I want to upgrade to the new dandroid but need the 4.3 bootloader)

I have rebooted to recovery using cwm and installed the zip. It says its installed and I rebooted but should the android version be 4.3 now?

Am I missing something? Btw, I used cwm 6.0.4.7

Thanks in advance.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Viper67857:
No... Look 2 posts above yours for instructions on how to check the bootloader version. The bootloader is not the same and the Android version or the baseband(modem). If you flashed the mjb bootloader you should also flash the mjb modem then you can update to latest dandroid.

Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 running TMS3KK
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] apfurste:
Thanks viper. I did the emulator command (even made sure the command line was su with the #)

and it says command not found.

---------- Post added at 11:11 AM ---------- Previous post was at 11:03 AM ----------

i think maybe my bootloader isnt unlocked because the volume up + homescreen + power doesnt go into recovery

i can only go into recovery thru the restart option and i choose recovery when phone on

>>>update: i got the command to work and it displays 1747UCDLK3

UGH I KILLED MY PHONE

it wont power up lol.......oy
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] eri000:
to get into recovery first you have to power it off / Than you have to do volume up + homescreen + power and once the screen lights release the power button and continue holding volume up + homescreen until you are in recovery mode.

you can try flashing again the bootloader

EDIT:Are you sure you are using this command on terminal emulator ?

su

getprop ro.bootloader
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] claydawg:
Anyone know where to find the i747ucufne4 bootloader flashable zip?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] riches2rags:
hear, hear!

I second that emotion. Liked this so much out went straight to my Facebook page. Now if only all of this results in my ATT S3 becoming a T-Mobile compatible model...
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
If anyone has any further questions about bootloaders on the S3, please note that I have moved on to another device. Sorry!
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] u1988:
[MENTION=812646]dstruct2k[/MENTION]

tnak you!

Q:

Only the Latest Bootloader (I747UCUEMJB) will work on 4.3 - 4.4.4 (Stock base & CM 11) ?

Becasue I want to downgrade back to Stock 4.1.1 if i don't like any 4.3+

Becasue you write Do not attempt to downgrade from this bootloader. Doing so will brick your device.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
The 4.3+ bootloaders trigger an electronic fuse on installation. Older bootloaders cannot boot once this fuse has been triggered. (It's an eFUSE, triggered to indicate that your phone now supports Samsung KNOX)

There is no way to reset an eFUSE once it's been "blown".
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] u1988:
Tnx i got it.

but,my Q was:

only the Latest Bootloader will work with 4.3 - 4.4.4 ?

can i use older Bootloader & Rom 4.3 - 4.4.4 (stock or CM 11).
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
I don't know. You can try using older bootloaders though. The worst possible scenario in that case would be that it won't boot and you'd just have to restore a backup or flash a different ROM. (Recovery would work fine even if the ROM doesn't.)
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] u1988:
O.K thank you !

My main concern what will brick my device if i try downgrade?!

4.3+ bootloader - YES!

Modems - ?

Kernels - ?

So I have the same Q about downgrade Modems/Kernels

And I Just saw you are the same Member.... :cyclops:

I will be much appreciate an Answer.

Modems:

http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=1831898&page=86

Kernels:

http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2540998&page=20

My post that i open today (i want to update it with all the answers to help others & me )

http://xdaforums.com/galaxy-s3-att/help/bootloaders-kernaels-modems-list-t2851857
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Viper67857:
If you want to retain the ability to downgrade your bootloader just don't go higher than mj2...it will work on 4.3 and 4.4 ROMs just as well as mjb and you can still downgrade from it.

Modems you can downgrade without bricking but once on mjb or ne4 bootloader you must have matching modem or it'll say baseband unknown, and NEVER flash ne4 modem on mjb bootloader or you get a permanent brick. If you ever wanna go to ne4 then the safest way is to flash both modem and bootloader to mjb then use the mjb to ne4 patch so both are updated at once.

As for kernels I don't think you can create a brick with any kernel flash... you'll get a bootloop if the kernel doesn't support your current rom version or firmware but there's no real danger afaik, just reflash the correct kernel and you're good to go

Sent from my SAMSUNG-SGH-I747 running TMS3KK-2.0
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] u1988:
Thank you!

So:

I747UCALG1 - Jul 1, 2012

I747UCDLK3 - Nov 3, 2012

I747UCDMG2 - Jul 2, 2013

?

I747UCUEMJ2- has KNOX enabled and SELinux enabled . (knox removed in the link below)

http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2498233

--------------------------------------------

I747UCUEMJB - Oct 11, 2013 - From this one & higher I can't downgrade from. (4.3)

?

I747UCUFNE4 - I can't downgrade from this to MJB ? (4.4.2)

===============

modems:

4.3 upgrade changes to format of the EFS partition. older modems no longer function and you will get IMEI loss.

http://xdaforums.com/showpost.php?p=54735890&postcount=9

-

http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2609850

There is any chance to get a full list of Bootloader/Kernael/Modem by Date and Ver 4.1 - 4.4 ?

So we all won't flash the wrong files ?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] ocd_amp:
There are warnings everywhere "DO NOT DOWNGRADE FROM THIS BOOTLOADER" "IT WILL BRICK YOUR DEVICE"

I just need a Clearcut explanation for this:

I am currently on STOCK - Rooted - TWRP (Binary Counter 1, Resets with Triangle Away but Reappears if TWRP Recovery is accessed)

I747MVLDLK4_I747MOYADLK4_ Android Version 4.1.1

I used this Firmware to Network Unlock the phone

1) In order to use NON-STOCK Android 4.3+, Should my Bootloader be Updated?

2) Can a device be bricked if using ODIN to flash an older firmware IF 4.3+ Stock is installed? (I am thinking the answer is YES)

Because as I understand it, Using ODIN to Flash a Lower Version Firmware will also Downgrade the Bootloader.

I do NOT want to use a STOCK ROM if it is 4.3+

I do NOT want to use Odin to flash anything 4.3+

I do NOT want to upgrade unless I have to.

I want to be able to downgrade to Factory, Remove Root, and put it back into Warranty mode if I need to.

My phone does what it is supposed to. Make Phone calls. It is unlocked using Stock 4.1.1. There's another thread on that.

SGH-i747M Canada.

If someone with more knowledge than I can please guide me with this information in Detail, I think it will also help MANY other people. Thanks!
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] mrsubway:
Any rom should work on your bootloader. If you flash mk5, you CANNOT downgrade the bootloader. Ever. If you flash a rom via Odin prior to 4.3 and you are on the mk5 bootloader, Odin may flash an older bootloader with the rom, thus bricking your phone. Also, mk5 will install Knox in the bootloader, thus voiding your warranty. If you install the mk5 bootloader, you should only flash a rom via zip in recovery, as it will not flash a bootloader.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] Dj.Naymesh:
what to do if doesn't have home button ?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] mrsubway:
Don't both the i747u and i747m both have home buttons?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] electech13:
is this a permanent brick scenario or fixable?

747M Canadian Rogers variant... 4.3 bootloader... 4.4.4 cm rom on it.. one of the latest modems...

flashed the firmware update from DocHoliday77 for the 747m varient.. 4.4.2..and flashed fine..rebooted back into rom but imei,etc were unknown..after reboot...bricked!

So..i wasn't going *backwards* in the bootloader process... had the 4.3 bootloader on here for past year so that i was able to flash all the JB and KK roms... was flashing and testing new 4.4.4 cm roms after having been on one 4.4.4 AOKP for a long time..i had some of the latest modems though.. tried several to find the best signal/data etc.. for Rogers Canadian variant.. there are:

Telus, Rogers, Bell, Fido, Koodo, Sasktel, MTS, and other M devices.

I747M

I747MVLLE8: modem_CWM_I747MVLLE8.zip - 19.42 MB - May 8th, 2012 (original shipped)

I747MLALH1: modem_CWM_I747MLALH1.zip - 19.62 MB - August 1st, 2012

I747MVLLH1: modem_CWM_I747MVLLH1.zip - 19.46 MB - August 1st, 2012

I747MUMALJ1: modem_CWM_I747MUMALJ1.zip - 19.48 MB - October 1st, 2012

I747MUMBLK3: modem_CWM_I747MUMBLK3.zip - 18.97 MB - November 3rd, 2012

I747MVLDLK4: modem_CWM_I747MVLDLK4.zip - 18.92 MB - November 4th, 2012

I747MUMBLL1: modem_CWM_I747MUMBLL1.zip - 18.97 MB - December 1st, 2012

I747MVLDMF1: modem_CWM_I747MVLDMF1.zip - 18.99 MB - June 1st, 2013

I747MVLUEMK5: modem_CWM_I747MVLUEMK5.zip - 19.17 MB - November 5th, 2013

I747MVLUEND2: modem_CWM_I747MVLUEND2.zip - 18.79 MB - April 2nd, 2014

I747MUMUEND3: modem_CWM_I747MUMUEND3.zip - 18.80 MB - April 3rd, 2014

I had been using EMK5 for a long time but had swithched to END2 and END3 in the past few months.. i was on one of those last two before the firmware flash...

so yes.. device managers has the QHUSB_DLOAD label...the phone only shows a red led when no battery is in it and connected to pc and no light when battery in.. no luck (so far) with any of the debricking images on sd card...

*** Do you HAVE to use a 16GB card for that method to work? i have only used 32/64 so far... and does the file system matter up front? the 32 can be fat32/ext2 etc..and the 64 was just ext2 i believe..

Is a JTAG device needed here?

or is this one of those scenarios where it is permanently bricked for good?

thanks for the help... have flashed for years and so many times/phones... first brick.. was bound to happen..
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] light24bulbs:
I am on a rather strange telus specific firmware named I747MVLUEND2 and I am unable to upgrade to mk5 because the installer doesn't recognize it. I am relatively certain that it is safe to do though, since my loader is for 4.3. Is there a way to force it?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
END2 is the newest I had on my S3. You can run any ROM on it, you just might have to change the ROM's "assert" line (open the ZIP on a PC, go to META-INF\com\google\android\, edit updater-script in a text editor) to also allow END2.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] light24bulbs:
Ah sweet thanks a lot man, I just needed those details. i've never done rom modifications before so I didn't know where to look for that assert statement. I'm a dev though so I should be just fine. Quantum works just fine on this bootloader though so I may just stick to that, IDK
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] DrROBschiz:
Having a hell of a time trying to update my bootloader

ATT Samsung I747 and am currently stuck on I747UCALH9 and every package I have tried to install fails the assert giving me error 7

Is my bootloader so old that none of these assert checks are checking for it to update?

Found this post on Page 31

Doesn't look like it was resolved and the failure seems to be linked with my bootloader having having the "A" in there. So a naming issue. How does my bootloader have a UCLAH9 designation instead of UCLH9?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] htc_softbank:
If I upgrade from I747MVLDLK4 to the latest FW I747MVLUEMK5 will it break the sim unlock I did using the secret menu option in the I747MVLDLK4 bootloader?

Thread for the software unlock method.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] htc_softbank:
For anyone Interested I took the risk and upgraded my modem from I747MVLDLK4 to I747MVLUFNF2 (from the Rogers 4.4.2 carrier stock rom on Sammobile's website) *my phone is Rogers*

Process wise it was very easy and all appears to be working after (unlock is still active). I used odin mobile and only flashed the modem from the firmware file. From there it rebooted, did it's thing and restarted into the OS just fine. When I checked in "about phone" it had the new modem version.

When I restored a Android 5.0 recovery I had used previously the "No Sim" went away (which was present on modem I747MVLDLK4) and I had cell tower connectivity. So all appears good and can now use Lollipop!
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
Sorry, I don't keep track of these threads much anymore. You can switch to any modem after you use the unlock "glitch" and you'll stay unlocked. My old I747M is actually running Lollipop with a 7-11 sim card in it now. :)
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] ohaai:
So if I have LK3 then i would just do incremental updates from the version above lk3 and so on? Please correct me if im wrong. Would this allow me to use ROMs that require updated bootloaders? Such as lollipop.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] blasterrr:
Yes. Just ensure you download the correct one for your device.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] shaheran:
Sir i have ded brick my samsung galaxy i747 .nothing show no " download mode " or " recovery mode "

how i can unbrick. its unbrick possible or Not . please help me

and sorry for my bad english
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dstruct2k:
"Download Mode" is entered by holding VOLUP and HOME while powering on the device after a battery pull.

"Recovery Mode" is entered by holding VOLDOWN and HOME while powering on the device after a battery pull.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] mrrocketdog:
maybe this can help if is bricked.

http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2549068

"all i can really do , is stay out of my own way and let the will of heaven be done"
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] J.Trev:
Hello,

I have an I747m from Virgin Mobile(Bell) currently stock samsung but rooted and have CWM recovery on it. My baseband version is I747MVLUFNK2 and its running 4.4.2 right now. I have backed everything up and am trying to put cm-11-20140217-NIGHTLY-d2att.zip on to it but it comes up saying assert failed: get prop(*ro.bootloader")... E: Error in (file location) does this from internal storage and sd card. Can anyone explain to me what might be wrong and how to fix it?

Thank you
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] The Sonos:
The assert is checking the boot loader for compatibility, if yours is not on the list it fails installation to prevent issues (installing on wrong device and bricking).

Ask in the cm thread to verify that it's compatible with your device, and how to proceed (edit update script to add boot loader, download proper version).
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] mrrocketdog:
the d2att is for the the i747 , the d2can is for the i747m ; but some time ago all builds were unified (d2lte). so try the cm nightly for d2lte and it should work. always make a backup before flashing anything and readreadread. good luck.

"all i can really do , is stay out of my own way and let the will of heaven be done"
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] huladaddy:
Does anyone know where I can get a bootloader more recent than mk5 for my Canadian i747m? I am interested in ne6 and/or nh2. Can't seem to find them anywhere.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] J.Trev:
Thank you mrrocketdog. using the d2lte version worked and I am loving how quick it is being not loaded down by touchwiz. looks like ill be sticking with cyanogenmod for a while.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] mrrocketdog:
glad to here got fixed.:victory:

"all i can really do , is stay out of my own way and let the will of heaven be done"
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dawgdoc:
The threads I have bookmarked either have inactive download links or end at MK5. An option would be to go to sammobile, but that would flash the entire stock ROM, not just the bootloader and modem.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] gues22:
attention

my phone's model sgh-i747 which one better for me?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dawgdoc:
My personal opinion is that I if you are having no issues with the bootloader you are on, and you are not changing to a room which requires a newer bootloader, there is no reason to change.

Only change if a ROM requires a newer bootloader, you have trouble with the one you are using, or you are having trouble with your modem, in which case you must update the bootloader in conjunction with the modem.

Having said that what bootloader are you currently using? What ROM are you running?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dtourond:
Reply: [BOOTLOADER] How to Install a Bootloader Update

I just saw your Dropbox folder and I was wondering which file in that list is the latest bootloader version for the SGH-I747m model?

View attachment 3300458

Picture 1 - Dropbox

In your post, you have only one file listed for the Canadian model (SGH-I747m) (see picture 2), but if I go to your Dropbox link and open the I747m sub-folder, there are 5 files in there; one of which is the same file listed in your post (I747MVLUEMK5) and what appears to be a backup copy of that same file (since it has -old in its name).

View attachment 3300501

Picture 2 - Forum post snippet

Again, my device is the Canadian variant, the SGH-I747m model running a rooted JellyBean and TWRP and an unlocked bootloader.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dawgdoc:
Of those he has listed, the MK5 is the most recent bootloader. However, that is a 4.3 bootloader. The i747M has had more than three bootloaders released in the meantime: NE4, NF6, and OB1. Check the sammobile page for a more complete list.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dtourond:
Okay. I just made a minor change to my previous post, because as it turns out, that phone is actually running 4.3 Jellybean and not Kitkat. Having said that, I am wondering if I can use a newer bootloader for the phone, despite not running Kitkat?

In my opinion, I can't see any problems occurring because it seems to me like it would be backwards compatible.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] canodroid15:
No. You need to run the bootloader that is meant for the ROM version it was released for! Bootloader & modem MUST MATCH! Also they're not backward compatible @ all, once you flash forward to the kk BL & MDM there's no going back. If you try to downgrade you'll brick it...
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dtourond:
Okay, then I guess what I'd have to do is make a nandroid backup of everything on the phone as it is right now, then wipe it and flash the new boot loader, then go back to TWRP and flash the new ROM.
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dawgdoc:
From all I have read, I agree - you can not downgrade the bootloader and modem once you are on a 4.3 version or newer. And, you must keep them at the same version.

BUT, I have more than once read of others having a 4.4.x bootloader and modem while on a 4.3 ROM. The trick is that you can not use Odin to flash a stock 4.3 ROM because that would install the bootloader and modem that comes with the stock ROM, thereby downgrading them and bricking your device. Since these custom ROMs do not change your bootloader and modem it is entirely possible to use a custom 4.3 ROM while having a 4.4.x bootloader and modem on your device. (There are even dumps of stock ROMs that are recovery flashable and do not install bootloader and modem, it just takes effort to find them.)

To muddy the waters even more, some of the TouchWiz custom KK ROMs will run with the 4.3 bootloader and modem, IF you are using a custom kernel instead of the stock kernel.

Definitely make the nandroid before doing anything else.

What ROM are you wanting to use?
[AT&T, Rogers, Bell, Telus Samsung Galaxy S III] dtourond:
Okay, well at least in this case, I wouldn't be flashing a stock ROM. Furthermore, my goal is to install a custom ROM, which (from what you've said) doesn't appear to affect the bootloader or modem.

My goal is to install CyanogenMod 12.1 (Lollipop 5.1.1). If that isn't possible, then at least Kitkat (or CM11). I wouldn't bother trying CM12 (Lollipop 5.0.x), because when Lollipop first came out, there was quite a few bugs and if I can't use 5.1.x, then I may as well try using 4.4.x, since it would be more stable than the first version or two of Lollipop.

Edit

: Having said all that, the phone seems to be using the I747MVLUEMK5 baseband, which is for version 4.3. What's confusing me is that I don't know what version of the bootloader is running on the phone, nor do I know how to check for that.

Also, since I am looking to install a custom ROM, can I bypass trying to update the modem and bootloader.