[General Questions and Answers] Droidriven:
If there is any data on the device that can be retrieved, TWRP custom recovery will be able to back up the data to an external sdcard.

To do this, do a Google search for:

"TWRP for (your specific model number)"

Find a copy of TWRP for your specific model number and it must be in .tar or .tar.md5 format, it can not be a TWRP.img or TWRP.zip, download it and store it on your PC where you know where it is. Then flash that via Odin, the device can be flashed via Odin while it is booted into the "encountered an issue" screen, I've done it many times.

Do a Google search for:

"Odin 3.10"

Download and install Odin on your PC.

Do a Google search for:

"USB drivers for Samsung phones"

That should find a installer file with that same name, download and install those drivers.

Charge the battery to full.

Open Odin on PC

Try to boot the device into download mode, when it gets to the "encountered an issue" screen, connect the device to PC.

Click the AP "button" in Odin(or PDA, depending on the version of Odin), browse to where you stored the TWRP file and select it.

Once you are back at the Odin screen, check the options tab in Odin, verify that the "autoreboot" option is disabled(UNCHECKED).

Then click Start, let the recovery flash, it will take a few seconds. When you get the green PASS, disconnect your device from PC and then power the device off(volume down+home+power).

Press and hold volume up+home+power to boot into TWRP. When you get into TWRP, select the "Backup" option, then select the system partition, the data partition and cache partition, these are the partitions you want to backup. Make sure that you find the option in TWRP that allows you to select external sdcard as the backup storage location.

Then swipe the slider at the bottom to initiate the backup.

When the backup is finished, you can power the device off.

Now you can extract whatever data you need from the backup file that TWRP created and stored on your external sdcard.

To attempt restoring the device back to proper working order, there are a few ways that you can do this now that you have TWRP. I'll list 3 ways. If you want to keep TWRP custom recovery(it can be a very useful tool for a lot of things and is much better than stock recovery) do not use the first method.

Method 1

Do a Google search for:

"Galaxy Note 4 stock firmware (your specific model number)"

Download the newest version that you can find, store it on PC.

boot back into TWRP and select the "Wipe" option, select data partition and cache partition, DO NOT select system. Swipe the slider to execute the wipe.

Power the device off

Open Odin on PC

try to reboot into download mode, when you get to the "encountered an issue" screen, connect device to PC.

Select the AP(or PDA) button, browse to where you downloaded the stock firmware and select it.

When you return to the Odin screen, select Start and let it flash. When it gets to the green Pass, it will reboot automatically. Give it 10-30 minutes run a "first boot" process.

Method 2

Do some searches to see if you can find a copy of your specific model number's stock firmware that has been converted into a flashable stock ROM .zip file that can be flashed via TWRP.

Download it and store it on your external sdcard. Boot into TWRP and select the "Install" option, browse to where you stored the flashable stock ROM .zip and select it, swipe the slider to flash the file. When it is done, select the option to factory reset, wipe data and wipe cache&dalvik. Reboot to system and give it 10-30 mins to run "first boot".

Method 3

Find any custom ROM of your choice that has been built for your specific model number. Do a Google search for:

"Custom ROMs for (your specific model number)"

Find something you like, download the ROM .zip file and its appropriate Gapps file and store them both on external sdcard.

Boot into TWRP and select "Install".

Browse to where you stored the ROM .zip and the Gapps file, select the ROM file first then select "add more zips", then browse to the Gapps file and select it.

Swipe the slider to flash them both in one process. When it finishes, select option to factory reset, wipe data and wipe cache&dalvik. After the wipe finishes reboot the device and give it 10-30 minutes to run first boot.