yashsingh1/xdaforums huggingface dataset:
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] milopoylos:
i think i tried that before but i will do again :) i will let u know sooner or l8er or maybe tommorow since it;s kinda l8 here

---------- Post added at 12:45 AM ---------- Previous post was at 12:34 AM ----------

oh man that emma thing wants to get aproved registration and stuff... -.-

is that even going to happen ever?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] kwstas panagiotidis:
sony xperia s

hello,i have a small probelm i tried to root the sony xperia s i make all the stages unlock bootloader,install the cmw recovery mode,install the gapps on sd card but i install wrong rom in sd card i thought is the cm10.1 but is nothing and now my phone stack there on recobery mode i cant install the rom what can i do pls help me.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] raydekok:
trying to flas een boot.img thru flashtool. but with the phone on, flashtool will se the phone but with the phone off and the blue led on it wont see my phone. sow whats wrong?

this is not very difficult i think. what drivers to install?

other thing, one time i got it working but then it said this action can only be done is fastboot mode.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] jmillsak:
Why is it that when i go to flash boot.img it says it cant because i dont have root?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] NewDev4IOS:
Xperia ion not booting into fastboot mode for nothing

I have tried almost every way possible to boot my xperia ion lt28h into fastboot mode and it has not booted into fastboot mode once... ive tried flashtool, manually booting and a few other things but it either boots up normally, or in safe mode, or boots to the charging screen and that is it. any suggestions?

ive even restored my phone too.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] -VoL-:
Nice tut. thanks:good:
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] phuonggm:
Tks for share :)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] 3lok:
HELP needed!!

Hi...

I have an XSX with XZXperience 2 installed...

I wiped the cache, system and dalvik cache to reinstall the complete OS from scratch...

I am now stuck without an operating system and not able to flash the .50 firmware.

the flashtool keeps saying the following:

9/051/2013 00:51:02 - INFO - Selected Sony Xperia S LT26i_6.1.A.2.50_Italian NO BRAND by tsukeyomi.ftf

09/051/2013 00:51:02 - INFO - Preparing files for flashing

09/053/2013 00:53:23 - INFO - Device connected with USB debugging off

09/053/2013 00:53:23 - INFO - For 2011 devices line, be sure you are not in MTP mode

Somebody help and tell me what to do please!

My mobil has the bootloader unlocked.

I am now not able to switch on my phone too!! the mobile is getting detected by my laptop when i plug it in (i get to hear a beep everytime USB is plugged in) but there is no red LED for charging on the phone...
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] masterinc:
Hold power button + volume up button until vibrating three times. then restart the process.

---------- Post added at 02:21 PM ---------- Previous post was at 02:19 PM ----------

I tried flashing the .elf kernel (through recovery and flashtool), but my phone wont boot up. But when I flash the .sin kernel, my phone boot normally.

Why is this happen?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ganeshbiyer:
Probably you have a locked bootloader. Check again.

From my ION using MIUI v5
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ganeshbiyer:
Deleted

From my ION using MIUI v5[/QUOTE]
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] trickpirata:
I've been searching for a great guide for days. Thank you for this one!
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] masterinc:
I am sure my bootloader is unlocked. that the first thing i did..
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] FiFaa:
When i try to install P.A.C there is mount error and installation is aborted.

I've read about this and the solution is installing opensemc kernel BUT i can't , because of error ( doing this by flashtool ).

This happens when i try to install kernel on rooted phone , unlocked bootloader

- solution from this thread http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2177236
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] RoBo73:
Thanks, very useful for newbie like me.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] AMDFenics:
Thanks for the Manual ;) :good:
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] wks960803:
really thanks a lot and it is really better than using fastboot in android-sdk;)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] hsong:
Not booting into fastboot

After I have clicked Reboot into fastboot mode (via ADB) then my MT27/Xperia Sola restarted then i got a purple light from my led not blue then the whole phone just restarted.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Slluxx:
if i want to flash boot.img, flashtool says that my device must be rootet first.

but it is rooted and unlocked ( some aps with root rights and some custom roms installed )

05/042/2013 17:42:53 - INFO - FASTBOOT Output:
sending 'boot' (7185 KB)...
FAILED (remote: The Device must be rooted first)
finished. total time: 0.008s

i tried a few methods but nothing works ..

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

My Device Sony Xperia Tipo ST21i

FXP222-cm-10-20130601-UNOFFICIAL-tapioca_ss

gapps-cfx-jb-20120815-super-stripped

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

what can i do ?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] alquelt:
Thanks for the tut
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Druid_Noobie:
hi! i have also this problem.. have 2 sleepless nights.. LoL...

by the way, ihave a neo L build 631
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] xajax7:
DELETED
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] cjvzla:
hi im triying to flash a kernel via fastboot on xperia SL (stock JB .211 unlocked BL) and as soon as i connect the phone with volume+ and blue led comes on, flashtool says device connected via fastboot but the phone doesnt stay there..it just starts like normal after like maybe 10 seconds...why? are the correct dirvers not installed? cause im pretty sure they are (sa0103adb)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Sharvil98:


21/046/2013 06:46:38 - INFO - Device Status: ADB mode

21/046/2013 06:46:49 - INFO - Device connected with USB debugging on

21/046/2013 06:46:53 - INFO - Connected device : Sony Xperia Neo L

21/046/2013 06:46:54 - INFO - Please wait device is rebooting into fastboot mode (via ADB)

21/046/2013 06:46:58 - INFO - Installed version of busybox : BusyBox v1.18.4 (2011-04-04 18:40:20 CDT) multi-call binary.

21/046/2013 06:46:58 - INFO - Android version : 4.0.4 / kernel version : 2.6.32.9-perf / Build number : 4.1.B.0.631

21/046/2013 06:46:58 - INFO - Device will soon enter fastboot mode

21/046/2013 06:46:59 - INFO - Checking root access

21/047/2013 06:47:00 - INFO - Root access denied

21/047/2013 06:47:01 - INFO - Device connected in fastboot mode

21/051/2013 06:51:51 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/051/2013 06:51:51 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/051/2013 06:51:52 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/051/2013 06:51:52 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/051/2013 06:51:52 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/051/2013 06:51:53 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/051/2013 06:51:53 - INFO - Device Status: NOT FOUND

21/051/2013 06:51:53 - INFO - Device Status: FASTBOOT mode

21/052/2013 06:52:00 - INFO - Fetching connected device info

21/052/2013 06:52:00 - INFO - Connected device info: [ BX9036TDB9&ZLP ]

21/053/2013 06:53:59 - INFO - Log written to C:\Flashtool\flashtool_2013-08-20_06-46-00.log

But root checker says your phone is rooted but flashtool says acess denied!!!! Please help
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ganeshbiyer:
Rooted phone does not mean boot loader is unlocked. To use fastboot your boot loader should be unlocked.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] michlivesforspeed:
Help me out... :(

My Xperia S is rooted, bootloader Unlocked and is running the stock android 4.1.2 Build number 6.2.B.1.96 at the moment... but when i tried to boot up the device with the CM10.1 kernel I get a failed report at the end... Pls do help me out, I've been facing this issue for the past three days... I've attached the log for your reference... :(

04/035/2013 09:35:39 - INFO - Device connected in fastboot mode

04/035/2013 09:35:56 - INFO - Selected kernel (boot.img or kernel.sin): F:\Sony Xperia S\Rooting And Rom\ROM\Cyanogenmod 10.1 [FreeXperia]\FXP235-cm-10.1-20130831-UNOFFICIAL-dogo\boot.img

04/035/2013 09:35:56 - INFO - Flashing selected kernel

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - sending 'boot' (9752 KB)...

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - (bootloader) USB download speed was 32422kB/s

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - OKAY [ 0.317s]

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - writing 'boot'...

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - FAILED (remote: Wrong range:0x80208000-0x8086020f. Ok:0x40200000 - 0x42efff)

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - finished. total time: 0.328s

04/035/2013 09:35:57 - INFO - FASTBOOT Output:

sending 'boot' (9752 KB)...

(bootloader) USB download speed was 32422kB/s

OKAY [ 0.317s]

writing 'boot'...

FAILED (remote: Wrong range:0x80208000-0x8086020f. Ok:0x40200000 - 0x42efff)

finished. total time: 0.328s

:(:(:(:(:rolleyes::rolleyes::rolleyes::rolleyes::eek::eek::eek::eek:
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] HooLIMAN87:
Download Xperia s cm10 file codename nozomi, not dogo. ;)

For cm10.1 use this http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?p=36714180.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] michlivesforspeed:
Thank you...

Thank you so much for pointing that one mate... I'm a newbie here and was'nt able to figure this out:p ... and could you direct me to a stable CM10 for my xperia S... :D;)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] HooLIMAN87:
It is in Xperia s android development section, search for fxp cm10 thread.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] michlivesforspeed:
Same issues for CM10

Yeah I did download the CM10 version from that FreeXperia Project but i'm facing the same issue when I'm trying to boot up the boot.img using the flashtool... Even i downloaded the CM10.1 files from the FXP page... :( Here is log for CM10 :rolleyes:

04/043/2013 14:43:20 - INFO - Device connected in fastboot mode

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - Selected kernel (boot.img or kernel.sin): F:\Sony Xperia S\Rooting And Rom\ROM\Cyanogenmod 10 [FreeXperia]\boot.img

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - Flashing selected kernel

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - sending 'boot' (6656 KB)...

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - (bootloader) USB download speed was 31849kB/s

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - OKAY [ 0.229s]

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - writing 'boot'...

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - FAILED (remote: Wrong range:0x00208000-0x005c05bf. Ok:0x40200000 - 0x42efff)

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - finished. total time: 0.240s

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - FASTBOOT Output:

sending 'boot' (6656 KB)...

(bootloader) USB download speed was 31849kB/s

OKAY [ 0.229s]

writing 'boot'...

FAILED (remote: Wrong range:0x00208000-0x005c05bf. Ok:0x40200000 - 0x42efff)

finished. total time: 0.240s

04/043/2013 14:43:36 - INFO - Please check the log before rebooting into system
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] HooLIMAN87:
Try extracting it from zip that you download. If it doesn't work download file again.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] jerickph:
Hi i am trying to flash kernel.elf on my device but i whenver i do that flashtool cant seem to recognize .elf files. Is it ok if i rename it and make it kernel.sin?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Trevor droid:
Hey guys when I click rebbot into fastboot mode via adb and reboot into fastboot mode via fastboot and after that I pressed select kernel to flash and when I navigate to the foleder extracted place it doesnt show boot.img only meta inf and other one plz help me
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Hellspawm:
try this

once you hit select kernel...it pops up a window, and is right you will see only meta-inf folder but on the bottom corner on right side of that window you have "*.sin" and a small arrow, click on that and choose ".img (or) .elf" depends what extension have the kernel

Good luck!
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Earltaker:
Xperia ION Need Help

Can anyone please help me.

Im using Xperia ION LT28h

Build Number: 6.1.E.3.7

Android Version: 4.0.4

Tried flashing but i always get this message:
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Hellspawm:
as far i see...

...you get a error as you have no drivers installed, go in Flashtool folder where is located in your computer, there open it and take a look after Drivers folder...once you see that folder, open it and run the drivers using Right click mouse and select "Run as Administrator"

follow the steps and when it will pop up a window what she says to don`t install this driver because is unknown manufacturer or so....you hit Install this driver anyway...it will pop up about 10 times or more...do the same in all windows popped, then try again to put your mobile in fastboot mode.

another way is to dezinstal all drivers and to make a fresh reinstal

watch this video and follow the steps http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dfLWoYwe4A0

Let me know if you succed

Good Luck !
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ladywhite:
thank
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Michalec:
Thanks. Works on my brother's phone.

Wysłane z mojego LT26i przy użyciu Tapatalka
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] AlexBurnout77:
Thanks for teaching us

Great tutorial, made things easy for me
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] samualgsmn:
thanks :good:
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Mahmoud Halem:
what is the different between

Select Reboot Into ( Fastboot Via Adb ) and wait for the phone to go into fastboot mode. (Blue led).

and

Select Reboot Into ( Fastboot Via Fastboot ) and wait for the phone to go into fastboot mode. (Blue led).

and what is the different between

Select the ( boot.img ) or ( kernel.elf ) or ( kernel.sin)

Sry i'm beginner

thx anyway
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ramkumarkr666:
cannot flash boot.img

14/020/2014 12:20:48 - INFO - <- This level is successfully initialized

14/020/2014 12:20:48 - INFO - Flashtool Version 0.9.13.0 built on 2013-06-04 22:50:00

14/020/2014 12:20:54 - INFO - Device connected with USB debugging on

14/020/2014 12:20:54 - INFO - Connected device : SonyEricson Xperia Ray

14/020/2014 12:20:54 - INFO - Installed version of busybox : BusyBox v1.18.5 (2011-07-18 07:43:28 PDT) multi-call binary.

14/020/2014 12:20:54 - INFO - Android version : 4.0.4 / kernel version : 2.6.32.9-perf / Build number : 4.1.B.0.587

14/021/2014 12:21:15 - INFO - Please wait device is rebooting into fastboot mode (via ADB)

14/021/2014 12:21:21 - INFO - Device will soon enter fastboot mode

14/021/2014 12:21:22 - INFO - Device disconnected

14/021/2014 12:21:24 - INFO - Device connected in fastboot mode

14/021/2014 12:21:33 - ERROR - This action can only be done in fastboot mode

14/021/2014 12:21:41 - ERROR - This action can only be done in fastboot mode

14/022/2014 12:22:06 - ERROR - This action can only be done in fastboot mode

bl loader unlocked

guys why this error showing ???

on stock .587 no root
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Hellspawm:
well, as i see you use Flashtool and select the Fastboot mode to flash...once you selected Fastboot mode it pops up another window called Fastboot Toolbox, right?

There you hit Reboot into fastboot mode (via ADB) the button located on left side of this window, and after i think you go on right side of the window and you hit straight the button called Select Kernel to Flash, if i am not wrong.

Here you skip one step

and this it must be done after you hit the button on left side to Reboot into fastboot mode (via ADB) then above the button to Select Kernel to flash is another button called Reboot into Fastboot Mode (via Fastboot), hit this and after that hit Select the kernel to flash

More simple for you the order to hit the buttons are

1 hit the button i mark Dark Green

2 hit the button i mark Blue

3 hit the button i mark Red

and then select the .img kernel you want and go ahead

here is a link with video i upload it for you - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOyHDBfNm-4&feature=youtu.be
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] mariabapala:
Hey guys,I've flashed TWRP (install by fastboot). then I tried install ROM which does not included TWRP inside, the noob question is - Will this ROM clear TWRP on my phone?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] varunpilankar:
Recovery will be replaced as it consists in the Rom. You can reinstall the recovery as per your requirements and either TWRP or CWM.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] skinnydud:
well i cant find drivers for xperia tipo...drivers for other phones are there but for tipo.... there are not any...FML...need help here
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] varunpilankar:
You just need flashtool to be installed, you'll find a driver exe in the flashtool folder..install it and asking with it install PC Companion

It should install your drivers properly..

Please revert back if you need any more help.

Hit Thanks if I helped you..:);)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] skinnydud:
well i have installed flashtools and pc companion, when i open diver folder and install driver.exe , a list of devices comes right ? i cannt find name of my device there...name of my device xperia tipo (single sim)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] varunpilankar:
You'll find at the end of the list.. FASTBOOT &FLASHBOOT drivers..Btw which version of Flashtools you using..??!

If your phone is Not Recognized by Flashtool that means you don't have Required Drivers Installed. Use the Below method to Solve this Problem.

Open the folder /Flashtool/drivers & Install "ggsetup-2.2.0.11".

If Still after the Above Process Flashtool doesn't Recognize your Phone. Use this Method.

Open the /Flashtool/driver folder & Extract the "XXX_ADB_Driver.zip" anywhere on your PC/Mac/Linux. [ This Zip corresponds to your Phone Model. ]

Now Open "Device Manager" on your PC/Mac/Linux & find the device which is with an Exclamation mark on it. [ Make sure your phone is Connected to the PC ]

Right Click on that Device & Choose Update Driver.

Choose to find the Driver Manually.

Now Browse to the Folder where to have Extracted your Phone Model Zip File.

This will Install the Required Drivers on your Computer.

After that Open Flashtool Again & Try to Recognize your Device.

If Still you see any problem reply back for further assistance..

Hit Thanks if I helped you..
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] naeem123:
The Kernal is in a .Zip, can I flash it through Recovery? (Sorry for being a noob in advance)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Hellspawm:
Yes you can!
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ilikered:
Stuck at Flashing Kernel

I tried this, But it's stuck at Flashing selected Kernel step and doesn't move from there. Please help. Thanks.

Device : Xperia SP

Bootloader : Unlocked

Siva
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] ilikered:
Guys....Please help...

---------- Post added at 03:49 AM ---------- Previous post was at 03:25 AM ----------

Never mind, I was flashing the wrong boot.img file. As soon as I flashed the right file, it worked.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Raj Kumar123:
Problems with Flashing boot.img on tipo

I am currently on stock rom and i use cwm recovery 6.0.2.7

I did follow your instruction

when connected to flashtool

it check for root access and root access is allowed however by busy box shows N/A

after booting in fastboot via ADB and all

when i flash the boot.img it states no root access why so ?

Please help

I am not spamming but i really want to flash pac rom on tipo , whats wrong with my method is my recovery old ?
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] wxl104:
why after I secelt reboot into fastboot mode(adb),it shows belowing:

28/052/2014 19:52:40 - ERROR - This action needs a connected device in ADB mode.I just want to flash booting,how to do?I am just unlocked my phone.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Hellspawm:
Well...it seems as you connect your mobile already in fastboot and when you select reboot into fastboot(via ADB) it says so because is connected already and your flashtool is unable to use the bridge to reboot your mobile....as far i remember there is few steps :

1 - connect the mobile while is turned on to USB cable (on flash tool hit the icon for flash, and from the window what pops up select Fastboot Mode and hit OK) it will pops up another window called fastboot toolbox - here is where you face your problem when you hit the button on left side called Reboot into fastboot mode (via ADB) - If your mobile is no turned on when you plug to USB cable you may face this error so ...make sure your phone is turned on when you plug the USB cable

If your phone will be turned on the Flashtool will restart your mobile via ADB into fastboot mode, after that go to second step

2. hit the button on right side of that window called Rebbot into fastboot mode (via Fastboot), then will confirm as you phone is on fastboot and proceed with the step three

3 Hit the button called Select kernel to flash, change the option to view files from tha pop up window and select at the bottom of that on right side ".img" instead of ".sin" select the path where is the kernel .img file select it and hit OK

After all this steps if you have ADB drivers installed correctly you will see a message as it flashing the kernel, if you don`t have drivers ADB installed you may got error

So at the end is 2 ways

A. Connect the phone turned on to USB cable and follow the steps i say above ....or

B. Connect the phone as you did before when you get error but SKIP step 1 mentioned above go straight to Step 2

Good Luck!

and let me know if all is ok!
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] m.fauzie:
where did I go wrong

Hi guy, I just wanna ask sumthing, im on stock jb acro s, b.96 unlock bootloader and I root with kingo root, the time I unlock the bootloader the camera gone, but that fine with me, the thing is by now I should be able to flash custom rom right, but each time I try to flash the rom it will failed either I get error status 7 or status 4, can somebody tell me where did I go wrong,

thank in advance for your advise
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] skyzo97:
I tried to flash the .elf file but nothing happen on step 6 and 7
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] remav:
Please help me with my bricked ZL!!!

Hi guys,

a question for who know this to help me. I have a XZL and is soft bricked.

My question is, if in the phone settings was not checked the Debuging mode, can I flash the kernel in fastboot mode? If is bricked, I can;t go in settings to do that.

Other question, the boot.img is the same with kernel.sin? Where I can get the right boot.img file for the ftf what I have? Kernel.sin I can find inside of ftf file, but boot.img I don't know where is it.

Thanks.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Arturiuz!:
on ur phone settings,go to About Phone>Build Number>tap on it for about 10x then u'll be able to see already the "developer's option" option then you can enable the debugging switch from there..sorry but you may have to check with ur phone's thread in regards with booting .img on ur fone..i dnt have the link..or u may try google search it! hope that helps! :thumbup: ;)
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] MoreYummy:
So all i need to do on my rogers xperia ION is flash the kernel + recovery using the flashtool, then i can flash whatever rom ?

My phone is already rooted, when i tried to use CWM rom manager, it says i need to install cwm recovery. So in this thread, that's what it is? Havent flash the rom stuff for long time.
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Hellspawm:
First of all here you just can learn "How to Flash boot.img / kernel.elf / kernel.sin using flashtool" (as the title says), as long your mobile was rooted and bootloader unlocked, of course you can proceed to flash any kernel you like and as well cwm compatible to your model, i think there should be kernels with cwm , so once you flash the kernel you will have cwm as well, on my Xperia Z1 i flash a kernel what have TWRP and Recovery...good luck.

Check this out http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=1729280
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] tongucum:
thanks

very good and usefull sharing... thanks a lot..
[Sony Xperia S, Acro S, Ion] Saqib rana:
It worked

Thanks a lot dude you are awesome :good::cowboy: