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Single-Chip IEEE 802.11b/g/n 2T2R WLAN Controller with USB 2.0 Interface

Single-Chip IEEE 802.11b/g/n 2T2R WLAN Controller with USB 2.0 Interface

General Description

The Realtek RTL8192CU-GR is a highly integrated single-chip MIMO (Multiple In, Multiple Out) Wireless LAN (WLAN) USB 2.0 network interface controller complying with the 802.11n specification. It combines a MAC, a 2T2R capable baseband, and RF in a single chip. The RTL8192CU provides a complete solution for a high throughput performance wireless client.

The RTL8192CU baseband implements Multiple Input, Multiple Output (MIMO) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with 2 transmit and 2 receive paths (2T2R) and is compatible with the IEEE 802.11n specification. Features include two spatial streams transmission, short Guard Interval (GI) of 400ns, spatial spreading, and transmission over 20MHz and 40MHz bandwidth. The RTL8192CU provides a spatial stream Space-Time Block Code (STBC) to extend the range of transmission. At the receiver, extended range and good minimum sensitivity is achieved by having receiver diversity up to two antennas. As the recipient, the RTL8192CU also supports explicit sounding packet feedback that helps senders with beamforming capability. With two independent RF blocks, the RTL8192CU can perform fast roaming without link interruption.

For legacy compatibility, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), Complementary Code Keying (CCK) and OFDM baseband processing are included to support all IEEE 802.11b and 802.11g data rates. Differential phase shift keying modulation schemes, DBPSK and DQPSK with data scrambling capability, are available along with complementary code keying to provide data rates of 1, 2, 5.5 and 11Mbps with long or short preamble. The high-speed FFT/IFFT paths, combined with BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM modulation of the individual subcarriers and rate compatible punctured convolutional coding with coding rate of 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, and 5/6, provides the maximum data rate of 54Mbps and 300Mbps for IEEE 802.11g and 802.11n MIMO OFDM respectively.

The RTL8192CU builds in an enhanced signal detector, an adaptive frequency domain equalizer, and a soft-decision Viterbi decoder to alleviate severe multi-path effects and mutual interference in the reception of multiple streams. For better detection quality, receive diversity with maximal-ratio-combine (MRC) applying up to 2 receive paths are implemented. Robust interference detection and suppression are provided to protect against Bluetooth, cordless phone, and microwave oven interference. Receive vector diversity for multi-stream application is implemented for efficient utilization of MIMO channels. Efficient IQ-imbalance, DC offset, phase noise, frequency offset, and timing offset compensations are provided for radio frequency front-end impairments. Selectable digital transmit and receiver FIR filters are provided to meet transmit spectrum mask requirements and to reject adjacent channel interference, respectively.

The RTL8192CU supports fast receiver Automatic Gain Control (AGC) with synchronous and asynchronous control loops among antennas, antenna diversity functions, and adaptive transmit power control functions to obtain the better performance in the analog portions of the transceiver.

The RTL8192CU MAC supports 802.11e for multimedia applications, 802.11i for security, and 802.11n for enhanced MAC protocol efficiency. Using packet aggregation techniques such as A-MPDU with BA and A-MSDU, protocol efficiency is significantly improved. Power saving mechanisms such as Legacy Power Save, U-APSD, and MIMO power saving reduce the power wasted during idle time, and compensate for the extra power required to transmit MIMO OFDM. The RTL8192CU provides simple legacy and 20MHz/40MHz co-existence mechanisms to ensure backward and network compatibility.

Features

General

64-pin QFN

CMOS MAC, Baseband MIMO PHY, and RF in a single chip for IEEE 802.11b/g/n compatible WLAN

Complete 802.11n MIMO solution for 2.4GHz band

2x2 MIMO technology for extended reception robustness and exceptional throughput

Maximum PHY data rate up to 144.4Mbps using 20MHz bandwidth, 300Mbps using 40MHz bandwidth

Compatible with 802.11n specification

Backward compatible with 802.11b/g devices while operating at 802.11n data rates

Host Interface

Complies with USB Specification 2.0

Standards Supported

IEEE 802.11e QoS Enhancement (WMM, WMM-SA Client mode)

IEEE 802.11h TPC, Spectrum Measurement

IEEE 802.11k Radio Resource Measurement

IEEE 802.11i (WPA, WPA2). Open, shared key, and pair-wise key authentication services