[Android General] paxChristos:
Here's how to use logcat:

There are two main ways to do a logcat, within android, and through adb.

Logcat within android can be done one of two ways, through a Logcat app:

Here are two good examples are either: aLogcat or Catlog

I prefer catlog, because in my opinion it has a little bit nicer UI. Both of these programs can dump their logs to a txt file, which is very useful for debugging. Or, you can do it in terminal emulator (same rules as running through adb(see below))

From Moscow Desire:

On the other hand, using adb to run logcat, in my opinion is much more useful, because you can start using it when android boots (i.e. once the boot animation appears.)

The code for logcat to output to a file is

adb logcat > name of problem.txt

you can also do

adb logcat -f name of problem.txt

how I prefer to do it is this way:

adb logcat -v long > name of problem.txt

with the -v flag & the long argument, it changes output to long style, which means every line of logcat will be on its own line (makes it a little neater, imo)

Note: When outputting to a file, you will see a newline, but nothing printed, this is normal. To stop logcat from writting to a file, you need to press ctrl+c.

Here's where using logcat (via adb makes life really easy)

Lets say you find a problem you're having after looking at a logcat.

For example:

When I was trying to use a different ramdisk, wifi wouldn't work so I got a logcat that's almost 1300 lines long (a lot of stuff happens in the background)

So if you are searching for an error in the logcat file (it's always e/ for error, f/ for fatal. Those are the two main things that will break a system.)

D/dalvikvm( 871): GC_CONCURRENT freed 472K, 6% free 10224K/10823K, paused 1ms+6ms
V/AmazonAppstore.DiskInspectorServiceImpl( 871): Available blocks: 21981, Block size: 4096, Free: 90034176, Threshold: 5242880, withinThreshold? true
D/AmazonAppstore.UpdateService( 871): Received action: null from intent: Intent { cmp=com.amazon.venezia/com.amazon.mas.client.framework.UpdateService }
W/AmazonAppstore.UpdateService( 871): Confused about why I'm running with this intent action: null from intent: Intent { cmp=com.amazon.venezia/com.amazon.mas.client.framework.UpdateService }
D/dalvikvm( 890): GC_CONCURRENT freed 175K, 4% free 9375K/9671K, paused 2ms+3ms
V/AmazonAppstore.ReferenceCounter( 871): Reference (MASLoggerDB) count has gone to 0. Closing referenced object.
E/WifiStateMachine( 203): Failed to reload STA firmware java.lang.IllegalStateException: Error communicating to native daemon
V/AmazonAppstore.UpdateService( 871): runUpdateCommand doInBackground started.
V/AmazonAppstore.UpdateService( 871): Running UpdateCommand: digitalLocker
V/AmazonAppstore.UpdateCommand( 871): Not updating key: digitalLocker from: 1334228488057
V/AmazonAppstore.UpdateService( 871): Finished UpdateCommand: digitalLocker
V/AmazonAppstore.UpdateService( 871): Running UpdateCommand: serviceConfig
V/AmazonAppstore.MASLoggerDB( 871): performLogMetric: Metric logged: ResponseTimeMetric [fullName=com.amazon.venezia.VeneziaApplication_onCreate, build=release-2.3, date=Wed Apr 11 13:10:55 CDT 2012, count=1, value=1601.0]
V/AmazonAppstore.MASLoggerDB( 871): onBackgroundTaskSucceeded: Metric logged: ResponseTimeMetric [fullName=com.amazon.venezia.VeneziaApplication_onCreate, build=release-2.3, date=Wed Apr 11 13:10:55 CDT 2012, count=1, value=1601.0]
W/CommandListener( 118): Failed to retrieve HW addr for eth0 (No such device)
D/CommandListener( 118): Setting iface cfg
D/NetworkManagementService( 203): rsp
D/NetworkManagementService( 203): flags
E/WifiStateMachine( 203): Unable to change interface settings: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to communicate with native daemon to interface setcfg - com.android.server.NativeDaemonConnectorException: Cmd {interface setcfg eth0 0.0.0.0 0 [down]} failed with code 400 : {Failed to set address (No such device)}
W/PackageParser( 203): Unknown element under : supports-screen at /mnt/asec/com.android.aldiko-1/pkg.apk Binary XML file line #16
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): wpa_supplicant v0.8.x
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): random: Trying to read entropy from /dev/random
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): Initializing interface 'eth0' conf '/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf' driver 'wext' ctrl_interface 'N/A' bridge 'N/A'
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): Configuration file '/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf' -> '/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf'
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): Reading configuration file '/data/misc/wifi/wpa_supplicant.conf'
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): ctrl_interface='eth0'
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): update_config=1
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): Line: 4 - start of a new network block
D/wpa_supplicant( 930): key_mgmt: 0x4

(mind you, that's 29 lines out of 1300ish, just for example)

I then could do the following with logcat:

adb logcat WifiStateMachine:E *:S -v long > name of problem.txt

and this will only print out any errors associated with WifiStateMachine, and anything which is fatal, which makes it about a million times easier to figure out what's going on!

In WifiStateMachine:E, the :E = to look for Errors, the full list of options is as follows:

V — Verbose (lowest priority)

D — Debug

I — Info (default priority)

W — Warning

E — Error

F — Fatal

S — Silent (highest priority, on which nothing is ever printed)

You can replace the :E with any other letter from above to get more info.

In order to filter out anything other than what you are looking for (in this case, WifiStateMachine) you must put a *:S after your last command (i.e. WifiStateMachine:E ThemeChoose:V ... ... AndroidRuntime:E *:S)

Sources: http://developer.android.com/tools/help/logcat.html

http://developer.android.com/tools/help/adb.html

Update for windows users:

Thank go to FuzzyMeep Two, Here's what he's posted for windows

(If you used his tool, here's his post, thank him for his work!)