[Android Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] dastin1015:
To compile Ice Cream Sandwich on Ubuntu I'm going to first give you steps to set up your computer to get this thing rolling.

This will NOT make a fully functional ROM, but will give you a place to start. Also I CANNOT fix every error you run into.

Note: The source download is approximately 6GB in size. You will need 25GB free to complete a single build, and up to 80GB (or more) for a full set of builds.

1) You need the following:

-JDK 6 if you wish to build Ice Cream Sandwich. You can download it from java.sun.com. Or:

$ sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk

-Python 2.4 -- 2.7, which you can download from python.org. Or:

$ sudo apt-get install python

-Git 1.7 or newer. You can find it at git-scm.com. Or:

$ sudo apt-get install git-core

2) Install required packages. 64-bit (recommended)

$ sudo apt-get install git-core gnupg flex bison gperf build-essential \
zip curl zlib1g-dev libc6-dev lib32ncurses5-dev ia32-libs \
x11proto-core-dev libx11-dev lib32readline5-dev lib32z-dev \
libgl1-mesa-dev g++-multilib mingw32 tofrodos python-markdown \
libxml2-utils

On newer versions of Ubuntu such as 11.10 you may need to do the following:

$ sudo ln -s /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libX11.so.6 /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libX11.so

3) Configure your USB.

$ gksudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules

Inside of this blank text file insert:

#Acer
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0502", MODE="0666"

#ASUS
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0b05", MODE="0666"

#Dell
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="413c", MODE="0666"

#Foxconn
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0489", MODE="0666"

#Garmin-Asus
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="091E", MODE="0666"

#Google
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="18d1", MODE="0666"

#HTC
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0bb4", MODE="0666"

#Huawei
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="12d1", MODE="0666"

#K-Touch
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="24e3", MODE="0666"

#KT Tech
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="2116", MODE="0666"

#Kyocera
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0482", MODE="0666"

#Lenevo
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="17EF", MODE="0666"

#LG
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="1004", MODE="0666"

#Motorola
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="22b8", MODE="0666"

#NEC
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0409", MODE="0666"

#Nook
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="2080", MODE="0666"

#Nvidia
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0955", MODE="0666"

#OTGV
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="2257", MODE="0666"

#Pantech
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="10A9", MODE="0666"

#Philips
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0471", MODE="0666"

#PMC-Sierra
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04da", MODE="0666"

#Qualcomm
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="05c6", MODE="0666"

#SK Telesys
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="1f53", MODE="0666"

#Samsung
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04e8", MODE="0666"

#Sharp
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="04dd", MODE="0666"

#Sony Ericsson
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0fce", MODE="0666"

#Toshiba
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="0930", MODE="0666"

#ZTE
SUBSYSTEM=="usb", ATTR{idVendor}=="19D2", MODE="0666"

4) Save the file and close it and then issue this command:

$ sudo chmod a+r /etc/udev/rules.d/51-android.rules

5) Install the repo:

$ mkdir ~/bin
$ PATH=~/bin:$PATH
$ curl https://dl-ssl.google.com/dl/googlesource/git-repo/repo > ~/bin/repo
$ chmod a+x ~/bin/repo

6) Initialize the repo:

$ mkdir WORKING_DIRECTORY
$ cd WORKING_DIRECTORY
$ repo init -u https://android.googlesource.com/platform/manifest -b android-4.0.1_r1

7) When prompted, enter your real name and email address.

8) Gather the files:

$ repo sync

9) Compiling:

$ source build/envsetup.sh

Or:

$ . build/envsetup.sh

10) Issue:

$ lunch

11) Pick your poison.

12) Now issue:

$ make -j1

~How To Add A Device To The List~

1) Find the github for your device you wish to add. (For me it is the HTC Hero CDMA)

2) Now navigate to the location you are going clone the device tree to:

$ cd WORKING_DIRECTORY/device
$ mkdir htc

3) Clone the github device tree from remote to local: (The heroc would be whatever you want that folder to be named so make sure it is whatever standard name would be for your device, example: Nexus One [passion], Nexus S [crespo], Motorola Droid [sholes], HTC Incredible [inc], etc.)

$ git clone git://github.com/TeamICS/android_device_htc_heroc.git heroc

4) Now navigate into the folder:

$ cd heroc

5) Connect phone to computer and make sure USB debugging is enabled and you have adb set up.

6) Extract Device Proprietary Files:

$ ./extract-files.sh

7) Navigate back to your home directory for building:

$ cd ~/WORKING_DIRECTORY

8) Prepare To Compile:

$ source build/envsetup.sh

Or:

$ . build/envsetup.sh

9) Get your list of devices:

$ lunch

10) Pick your poison.

11) Now compile:

$ make -j1

Or for a flashable zip:

$ make -j1 otapackage

~NOTE~

If you are running into issues such as:

Which would you like? [full-eng] 5
build/core/product_config.mk:209: *** No matches for product "full_shooter". Stop.
Device shooter not found. Attempting to retrieve device repository from CyanogenMod Github (http://github.com/CyanogenMod).
Repository for shooter not found in the CyanogenMod Github repository list. If this is in error, you may need to manually add it to your local_manifest.xml.
build/core/product_config.mk:209: *** No matches for product "full_shooter". Stop.

** Don't have a product spec for: 'full_shooter'
** Do you have the right repo manifest?

What you need to do is to edit your blob to match the PRODUCT_NAME to the file name. For example with mine I have full_shooter.mk therefore in this file I need to have PRODUCT_NAME to match it. Whatever error it is looking for you just need to change the PRODUCT_NAME line to match what the error shows.