238 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

18. A report was current, that the natives intended to rife and attack the ship. The captain, though he did not think them serious in such an attempt, yet was unwilling totally to disregard the intimation; he therefore ordered 20 fstand of arms to be in readines in case any commotion should be observed among them.

19. The rumour increased, but no preparations could be observed to countenance such a report; the king continued his visits as usual, and never came empty handed.

20. The first and second lieutenants, and one of the mates being a duck shooting, were set upon by a party of the people confining of more than 50, who first divested them of their arms, and then robbed them of what articles they had carried with them to trade; in the scuffle the first lieutenant lost the skirt of his coat, and one of the other gentlemen received a severe blow. When the party had stripped them of their merchandizes, they restored to them their fowling-pieces, and suffered them to make the best of their way on board, where king Oree happened to be feasting; they complained of the insult, and inflicted on satisfaction for the loss; he told them that it was not in his power to punish the party that had committed the robbery, they being out of his jurisdiction; but he offered to head any number of the ship's company that should be thought able

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 239

able to reduce them, and would shew them
the way to their place of residence, which of-
fer, being thought reasonable, was accepted;
but at the same time he affured them, that these
men were not afraid of their guns, as they had
frequently seen them misf fire.

21. The captain and officers made ready to accompany king Oree in the expedition against the robbers; and having ordered fifty marines with some failors to be well armed, they landed near the palace of the king, and having required him to conduct them according to his promise, he very readily consented, and they all set out together; and, having marched for more than ten miles, they at length came to a high hill, which parted the dominions of Oree from those of the king whose subjects they were who committed the robbery, and over which they were to have before they could approach them. Here they found the ascent very steep, and very fatiguing; but when they had reached the summit, the king shewed them the residence of the robbers at some distance in the valley on the opposite side of the hill, and left it to the captain's choice, either to proceed, or to return back. Obadee, the volunteer Indian, who had accompanied the captain in his former voyage to the South, very earneftly diffuaded him from proceeding, by telling him that they wanted

240 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

wanted only to decoy him; that there was no
acces to thofe Indians but through a fteep
and narrow pafs, in which two men only could
go a-breast, and that there they could deftroy
them with ftones while their fire-arms could
be of little or no uſe. This honeſt repreſenta-
tion having its weight, the captain gave over
the purfuit, and the whole party returned, ſuf-
ficiently chagrined with their day's exploit. In
the mean time, the people that were left on
board had loaded all their guns great and
ſmall, to be prepared in caſe of an attack from
the ſhore in the abſence of their commander
and his followers: but all things remaining
quiet, the captain returned on board, and with
him his affociate king Oree, who brought with
him a hog for dinner ready drefſed.

22. The inhabitants ſtill continuing to
trade, and the launch and boats to bring in
wood and water, the captain gave orders to
put to lea, the quantity of water being already
compleat, and the wood though ſhort, not
eaſily to be recruited.

23. King Oree came on board, and after mu-
tual prefents had been exchanged, and many
demonſtrations of affection and friendship
ſhewn on the part of his majesty, he took
his leave, weeping as if he had been parting
from his kingdom. Such is the diſpoſition of
thofe people, who, whether real or counter-

feit

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 241

feit, have a forcible way of expreffing forrow,
which never fails to make a fuitable impreffion.
But, while the chiefs were with fome reluc-
tance dispatched, it was not so eaſy a taſk to
clear the ſhip from the impertinences of the
women; they all wanted preſents before they
departed, and when they were driven up one
hatchway they ran down another, crying and
bellowing as if nothing but ruin attended their
return to ſhore. It is not impoſſible, indeed,
but that if they returned empty handed, they
might meet with a cool reception from their
old friends and connections, and that the fear
of being deſpifed for not making a better mar-
ket might induce them to be so incorrigibly
troublesome: however, when things came to
the laſt extremity, and they ſaw the ſhip un-
moored, and the ſails ſpread, they betook
themselves quietly to their canoes, though
they afterwards made a terrible bellowing as
they rowed away.

24. They arrived at Ulietea without any
thing remarkable intervening, except that
Mara, the gunner's mate, who had been laid
in irons for endeavouring to make his escape
on shore at the ship's departure from Otta-
heite, was releafed from his irons, and made
prifoner at large, with a ſentinel to attend him;
but on his arrival in port he was again put in
irons.

I i

25. The

242 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

25. The captain went ashore and visited the king and royal family. The queen, upon seeing him, instantly fell into a fit of phrensy, striking herself with a shark's tooth till the blood run from her in streams. It is the custom to do this both when they rejoice, and when they mean to express grief. It was the sudden transport of joy that impelled her on this occasion; and she received the captain, after the blood was done away, with open arms. After a short stay, which exhibited a scene of mutual carelessness, the captain returned on board with the queen, and a beautiful young princess, her daughter, in company. They were scarce on board when all the young girls in the bay were ready to enter, and it was absolutely necessary to keep out the men to avoid confusion.

26. The trade commenced very briskly; but nothing was called for so eagerly as red feathers; so that the captain found it necessary to order the men abaft, and to forbid them to traffic with red feathers, as it spoiled the provision trade. This day some bars of iron were taken from the hold for the armourer's use, and some tons of stone-ballaft stowed in the hold in their room. Some fire-works were also this day displayed for the entertainment of the queen and royal family. Mr. Foster was now indefatigable in his researches after the natural

pro-

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 243

productions of the country; and in this inland
he was permitted to range without fear or
molestation wherever any thing that attracted
his notice was to be found.

27. This day the coopers being ordered on
shore to clean and repair some leaky water-
cafks, one of them loft his adze, which was
ftolen from him while he was at dinner; and
as he never was able to recover it, he was pu-
nished with twelve lafhes for his neglect.

28. The gentlemen were invited by the
king to be preſent at a play. Their plays
conſiſt of three diſtinct modes of action; mu-
ſic, dancing, and farce. Their muſic is but
mean, except their ſinging, which is plaintive
and ſweet; their dancing inimitable; and their
farce not inferior or unlike to the drolls at
Bartholomew-Fair. In ſhort, they are more
laughable than the gentlemen expected, who
returned not diſpleased with their day's diver-
fion, nor unaſſected with the charms of ſome
of the performers, who were the king's daugh-
ters, and decorated with flowers and ornaments
ſo prettily interwoven with their hair, as to add
a grace to their natural beauty that was quite
irrefiſtible. Nothing could deform them but
the diſtorted mouths they are taught to make
in varying the attitudes of their war dances,
which are ſo inimitably ugly that none of the

I i 2

ſailors,

244 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

failors, some of whom are excellent mimicks,
could copy them.

29. The pinnace and large cutter being moored every night at the buoy, as soon as it was light it was discovered that the rudders and tillers of both vessels were wanting. Word being brought on board of this theft, the captain ordered the coxswain of the pinnace in irons for his carelessness, and instantly went on shore to recover the lofs: upon farther enquiry he was told, that the boat's grapnel was gone, as was likewise the boat hook. On complaint to the king, his majesty affixed the captain in the discovery of the thieves, and, after diligent enquiry, found out the person who had stolen the grapnels, and recovered them, as they likewise did the persons who had taken the rudders; but one of them was found split to get at the iron-work, and the other was returned without injury. The tiller of the pinnace and the boat's hook never were heard of; but in the room of them a large hog was brought, together with an immense heap of bread-fruit. About fix the coxswain was released from his irons, as it was not in the power of man to guard against all the stratas-gems of the natives to steal iron.

30. The pinnace and launch went to the south side of the island with the gentlemen on board, to pay a visit to the friends of the Indian

TO THE SOUHHERN HEMISPHERE. 245

dian who had been to the southward, and to
restore him again in safety to their care. The
captain was cautious of taking him to Eng-
land, as he was not certain that any Britisf-
ship would again be fent to vifit the ifland,
and he was unwilling to confine him in Eu-
rope.

31. Nothing remarkable.

June 1. The powder was taken on shore to
air, and 22 hogs were brought on board which
had been purchasered up the country.

2. A report was fspread that Mr. Banks and capt. Furneaux, commander of the Adventure, were arrived at Ulietea in two different ships. This gave great joy to the inhabitants, who believed it; but it happened to prove the lie of the day to pleafe the inhabitants, of whom thofe two gentlemen were remarkable favourites.

3. In return for their plays the captain en-
tertained the royal family with a display of
fire-works, played off from a little ifle about
100 yards from the shore, where they had the
happieſt effect imaginable, and were beheld
with the greateſt admiration by the inhabitants
for many miles up the country.

4. Preparations were this day made for put-
ting to fea, and in the afternoon a breeze
fpringing up fair, after taking leave of the royal
family, and leaving them all in tears; and
after

246 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

after entrusting a letter with Obidee to be given
to Captain Furneaux, if he should happen to
touch at that island, they weighed anchor, and
fet off. The number of hogs which were pur-
chased was greater than they could find room
for alive; they therefore ventured to kill some
of them to falt, but they proved very indiffe-
rent meat.

5. A fine breeze at E. by N. they bore away W. half N. At eight in the morning altered their course W. by N. The prisoner Mara, being now out of danger of an escape, was called upon the quarter-deck, when after a proper admonition, he was released, and ordered to do duty as usual. At twelve came in fight of a small island bearing N. N. W. distance about five leagues. At noon directed their course West. At eight in the evening hove to.

6. They directed their course W. S. W. Wind at N. E. At fix steered W. by N. Saw several tropic birds, and some land birds. At half after ten saw a small low island bearing W. half S. full of cocoa-nuts, but surrounded with a reef. At noon course W. by S. At fix in the afternoon course W. S. W. At night hove to.

7. At five were ship and purfued their course W. S. W. At night hove to.

8. At

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 247

8. At five wore ship, and steered W. by S. Wind N. N. W. At four in the afternoon hooked a shark, and fired several musket-shot into him, notwithstanding which he broke the line and escaped. Continued their course the whole day, and at ten at night hove to.

9. The fame course continued.

10. In the morning course as before. Lat. at noon 17 deg. 34 min. S. Course altered to S. W.

11. Last course continued. Lat. at noon by observation 17 deg. 56 min. This day the captain ordered the corned pork to be examined, and it not appearing to take the salt, it was dealt out to the ship's company at the rate of one pound per man a-day as long as it lasted.

12. Course continued. Lat. at noon 18 deg. 11 min.

13. Course W. by S. Wind E. S. E. Lat. at noon 18 deg. 16 min. Course continued.

14. Course continued. This day bread was served to the ship's company, the bread-fruit purchased at the islands being expended. In their course they saw two tropic birds, and five man of war birds, several bonnettoes, albicroes, and flying-fish.

15. This day the wind veering W. by S. they changed their course, steering S. and S. by W. in the morning. At eight tacked, and ftood

248 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE
fought to the Northward. Latitude at noon
18 deg. 7 min.

16. A light breeze at S. by E. Course W. by S. At seven faw land from the mast head bearing N. N. E. Saw several dolphins and bonettoes, and catched three sharks. Lat. at noon 18 deg. 6 min. long. 168 deg. 36 min. E. At one, being pretty near up with the land, discovered seven small islands full of cocoa-nut trees, furrounded with a reef, but faw no sign of any inhabitants; the whole circumference they computed to be about eight leagues. Finding no entrance for ship or boat they pursued their course W. by S.

17. Wind S. E. by S. Course W. S. W. all night.

18. Course continued.

19. Course continued. Latitude at noon 18 deg. 20 min.

20. Wind variable. Latitude at noon 18 deg. 46 min. Hauled up S. S. W. thinking they faw land, bearing S. by W. half W. but proved to be a heavy cloud. At half after one bore away W. S. W. as before. Wind E. by S. a fresh gale. At two faw land bearing W. S. W. At five hauled up S. by E. thinking they faw another island. Shortened fail, and lay off and on all night.

21. About nine in the morning got close under the island, but found the coast craggy:
the

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 249

the country, however, appeared to be full of
trees, and on the S. E. side of it they could
perceive them loaded with cocoa-nuts: they
saw also plantain and banana-trees in squares,
as if planted by line. Being not above a mile
from the shore, many of the natives were ob-
ferved to be in motion, and in less than an
hour the beach was crouded with them.
Sounding for anchorage, they found no bot-
tom; they therefore proceeded with an easy
fail along the North shore from W. to S. W.
The N. E. part of the island is pretty round.
Lat. at noon 18 deg. 55 min. S. long. deg.

min. Being now arrived at the West side
of the island, they again saw several of the na-
tives in motion, having large clubs and spears
in their hands. The captain ordered the pin-
nace and large cutter to be hoisted out, armed
and well manned; and, taking with him feve-
ral of the principal officers and gentlemen, he
landed and took possession of the island for his
Britannic Majesty King George the Third;
hoisting at the same time an union jack, and
giving it the name of Prince Frederic's Island,
in honour of the Prince of Wales. No
fooner was the ceremony over than one of the
gentlemen received a severe blow on the left
arm with a stone from an invisible hand.
Looking up to the top of the rocks, which
almost rose perpendicularly, they perceived a

K k

company

250 CAPT. COOKE's SECOND VOYAGE

company of the natives almost over their
heads, the foot of the rock not being more
than 30 feet from the edge of the water. See-
ing the savages have so much advantage over
them, they judged it prudent to take to their
boats, in which they continued to coast along
the shore, in order to discover a more conven-
ient place to land; nor was it easy to find a
place less dangerous than that which they had
just left. The next attempt they made to land
had well nigh proved fatal to the captain:
a savage from the rocks observing their mo-
tions, threw his spear with atonishing force,
the direction of which was full at the captain's
body; but fortunately he saw it a-coming just
time enough by stooping to let it fly over his
head, and when it fell it grazed the thigh of
one of the gentlemen that stood behind. The
signal was then given to fire upon them, which
was incessantly kept up for some time, during
which some of them were observed to drop,
and the rest fled into the woods, and were no
more seen, making, however, a dreadful howl-
ing and yelling, as if calling together their
whole force. The captain finding nothing to
be got here without a great deal of bloodshed,
and without hazarding the lives of his people
to no good purpose, thought proper to em-
bark, and to continue his course in search of
a more hospitable people to recruit his ftores.

The

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 251

The savages of this island may properly be so called: they were a fierce looking race, some with shock, and others with long black hair tied round their heads and adorned with feathers. Their complexion was a bright shining black, made so by art, as their thighs were of a dark copper colour. They were nimble and active, stout and refolute; and were not easily dispersed even when the great shot was fired amongst them.

22. They continued their course S. W. by W. and at noon were in lat. 19 deg. 26 min. Nothing worth relating intervening.

23. Course continued. Lat. at noon 19 deg. 53 min. Course in the afternoon W. S. W.

24. In the morning course as before. At eight steered W. by S. and in the afternoon W. N. W. Lat. at noon 20 deg. 14 min. S.

25. Bore away W. by S. At three hauled to the eastward, in hopes of land. At five tacked and ftood to the N. W. At half past five saw land from beam to beam. Course W. by S. It proved a cluster of islands, some very large, and others small.

26. They directed their course for the longest island. Several canoes came from the islands indiscriminately, and brought plantains, breadfruit, yams and fish. The people appeared in every respect like the Amsterdamers. At noon they cast anchor on the north side of the island,

K k 2

about

252 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

about half a mile from the shore in 21 fathom
water, red fand, broken shells, and small
stones; and presently hoisted out the large cut-
ter, and steadied the ship for the convenience
of trade. This afternoon one of the natives
got hold of the lead line, and was making with
it towards the shore; but being discovered, was
shot at, brought back, and the line restored,
Shaddocks, and yams were brought in plenty.

27. Several of the natives came off with
hogs, fowls, fish and fruit, but none were ad-
mitted on board, nor were any of their women,
on account of the disorders contracted at Otta-
heite, which still remained uncured. The com-
mon men were likewise forbidden to trade with
the natives, to prevent the ill-consequences of
quarrels that frequently happened in making
their bargains. About seven in the morning
the captain and master went in the pinnace,
attended by a company of marines, in search of
water, and about eight returned, having found
a watering place, but the water brackish.
About nine the empty water-cafsks were sent on
shore in the launch; and the pinnace and cut-
ter went to trade, and in less than half an hour
came back loaded; but in the hurry the fur-
geon lost his fowling-piece. It was here ob-
fervable as at Amsterdam that many of the na-
tives were without their little finger; that not
a few had fears cut in the upper part of their
cheeks,

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 253

cheeks, and others had several circles, one with-
in another, on their arms, as if branded. They
understood that these were signs of mourn-
ing.

28. The morning being clear, they discerned from the mast-head two large islands to the northward, at the distance of 16 or 17 leagues. About ten they appeared as represented in the plate. The low island the Indians called Tafsua; and the peeked island, they called Eka-u-u. At fix the launch was sent for water—when she landed the natives came about her in swarms, and one of them seized a cartouch-box full of ammunition; others wrented the second lieutenant's fowling-piece from him; and others seized the cooper's bucket, with his adze and a quantity of bungs in it, and instantly made off. The boats crew fired at them, and they dropped the bucket; but kept the adze, the fowling-piece, and the cartouch-box. They seemed, indeed, in less dread of fire-arms than any of the savages they had yet met with; for the fellow who took the cartouch-box, seized the nozzle of the gun which the soldier was about to point at him, directed it from him, and by that means got clear off with his booty. As the likelieft means to oblige them to restore their plunder, the captain caused a large failing canoe to be seized, to which they made some opposition. On the approach of the party com-

manded

254 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

manded on that service, of which the captain
himself was the leader, the savages, all but one
man jumped over-board, but it was not till the
veffel was hauled upon the beach that he could
be prevailed upon to quit his property; and
when he did, he made towards the captain,
armed with a desperate weapon, which he
brandished with one hand over his head, and
with the other clapt his breech. It was in vain
that signs were made him to lay it down, but
the captain presenting his piece at him, he then,
being in some fear, dropped it on the ground;
but the instant the piece was taken from the
captain's shoulder, that instant he snatched up
his weapon and advanced as before. The cap-
tain was now in his own defence obliged to
fire, but being unwilling to kill so brave a fel-
low, took aim where he could least injure him,
and shot him in the thighs. The gun was load-
ed with swan shot, one of which pierced the very
hand with which he was denouncing defiance;
he then ran howling to the woods; and pre-
fently five or fix of his companions came with
him upon their backs, and seemed to supplicat-
cate relief. The surgeon very humanely dref-
fed his wounds, applying to them a remedy
he had learned among the Indians of scraped
sugar-cane spread upon a certain leaf. After
this reencounter they seemed very peaceable,
and soon restored the fowling-pieces and adze.

The

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 255

The water being bad, the captain, unwilling
to lose time, ordered the boats to be hoisted
in, and the ship to set sail. This island, our
journalist says, was called by the natives Ana-
mocka; the fame to which Tafman gave the
name of Rotterdam, and where he received
quite different treatment.

29. They directed their course to the large islands which they had described the day before, and kept on founding all the way from 60 to 39 fathom water. The natives followed the ship all day with provisions to trade.

30. About one in the afternoon they approached the islands. On the lowest and westernmost of the two they observed a continual smoke diffusing from a hill, the easternmost end of which gave them reason to think that a burning mountain sublifted somewhere in that direction, and it was not long before they were convinced of the truth of their conjecture. When at the distance of three leagues, the ship's course N. W. by W. the two islands appeared as represented in the Plate. Long, at noon 19 deg. 55 min. About five in the afternoon they were in full sail between the islands, the lowest of which the Indians who followed the ship to trade called Tuffua. It appeared in some places so burnt that they could plainly discover from the ship by the appearance of trees how far the conflagration had

256 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

had reached. As soon as they were to leeward
of the burning mountain, though it was not
just then raging, the people could perceive by
the smart of their eyes when they looked to
windward, that the very air was impregnated
with sulphurous atoms. At night shortened
fail, and hove too.

July 1. Purfued their course, without attempting to land, though no reason is given by our journalist for so doing. At five in the morning course W. S. W. with the wind from E. S. E. This course was continued the whole day and all the following night.

2. Course in the morning as before. At half after eleven discovered land, bearing about W. by N. half N. and bore away towards it, steering to N. W. Lat. at noon 20 deg. 6 min. It appeared to be full of trees; but when they came up with it found it, reefed all round. Stood off and on all night, and in the morning sent the large cutter to found and examine the shore. On her return the officer on board reported that no anchorage was practicable; and after examining the coasts for a considerable way, and attempting in vain to get some turtle, of which by several symptoms, there was reason to suppose there were many about the island, they made fail and purfued their course. On this island they saw several natives, but none came on board.

3. There

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 257

3. There being a light breeze from E. N. E.
they bore away steering S. W. by W. Lat. at
noon 19 deg. 37 min.

4. Bore away S. W. by S. At noon steered S. W. by W. At seven in the evening shortened sail, and steered S. S. W. all night.

5. Steered W. S. W. At fix in the evening shortened fail. At seven hauled up S. S. E. Wind at east. Tacked every two hours all night.

6. At five in the morning bore away W. S. W. At noon course W. by S. Lat. 20 deg. 40 min.

7. In the morning the course continued. Lat. at noon 20 deg. 46 min. This day ftruck the fore-top-mast, the truffel-trees being sprung. Steered right before the wind to keep the ship fteady. Wind E. N. E. to E. by South. Course West.

8. Course the fame. Lat. at noon 20 deg. 31 min. S. Course W. by N.

9. Course West. Lat. at noon 20 deg. 26 min. Squally weather attended with rain. At three in the afternoon back ship and ftood to the Northward. At fix stiff breezes. Wind S. S. W. Course W. by N. Tacked every two hours all night.

10. At five in the morning bore away N. W. and continued the fame course all day. At

L 1

night

258 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

night hove too with the ship's head to the
northward.

11. At half past five bore away N. W. by W. At ten steered N. W. At noon lat. by observation 18 deg. 27 min. Long. 176 deg. 6 min. East of London. Course N. W. by W. At night hove too with ship's head at N. E.

12. Bore away N. W. by W. Saw some
tropic and man of war birds. Lat. at noon
by observation 17 deg. 28. min. Course con-
tinued, and at night hove too.

13. Course continued. At noon steered
W. N. W. and at night hove too.

14. Course continued the whole day, and at
night hove too.

15. Bore away W. N. W. Lat. at noon
15 deg. 9 min. Course altered to W. by S.
At night hove too.

16. Bore away in the same direction. Lat. at noon 15 deg. 7 min. Directed their course West half South. At three faw land from the mast head, bearing W. S. W. prodigious high, not more than eight leagues distant, the weather being hazy, prevented their seeing it before. It blowing a storm they neared it past, but could not venture in with the land. It appeared very pleafant, and full of trees. At eight in the evening wore ship and bore away to the N. E. Wind S. E. by E.

17. Wore

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 259

17. Wore ship and ftood off fhore. At noon continued their course along the coaft. At night ftood off and on.

18. At feven in the morning bore away W, by S. for the north-west end of the island. At half paſt eight ſaw from the maſt head two large iſlands, bearing S. E. by E. full of trees, and much like the moſt fruitful parts of New-Zealand, with ſeveral cascades, and rivulets of water, which made them long to reach the fhore. At noon they were within hearing of the natives, but could neither discern bay, ſound, or harbour, wherein to caſt anchor.

19. Tacked and ſtood for the land. Between the first and ſecond iſles, they could plainly perceive a ſtrait or paſſage; but the wind blowing right out, they continued working from one iſle to the other, endeavouring to get in till they could plainly diſtinguish the words of the favages, and could hear them cry wyhanna, heea, waving their hands at the fame time, as if inviting them to come and land.

In the mean time two or three of their canoes came out; but it blowing hard could not venture along ſide. The people were of a dark copper colour, ſhock-hair'd, with no other cloathing, but a white ſaſh round the waſt, the ſyes of which hung down before, and reached to the middle of the thigh. About eleven at night, they got ſome diſtance within

L 1 2

the

260 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

the two large islands that formed the strait,
and kept tacking every two hours the whole
night.

20. In the morning they could perceive that they had gained considerably in the night, owing to the current which set to the windward. At eight they could see four islands, very high and very extensive. At ten they were close under the South end of the large island, where they saw multitudes of the inhabitants, who lined the rocks, bellowing and howling; and saw also many smokes within land. At eleven they came in sight of a large and high island from the mast head, lying to windward.

21. Tacked, and ftood for the high island. At ten they came in fight of two other large ifles, on one of which was a burning mountain. About twelve, being near one of those ifles, great numbers of savages prefented themselves, armed with clubs, spears, and bows and arrows. At one tacked, and ftood in for a pleasant bay that prefented itself in the ifle which lies at the West end of that on which the burning mountain was situated. At four hove to, and hoisted out the boats, armed them, and sent them in to found; at four they made the signal of anchorage, and at five the ship came to an anchor in nine fathom water, fine fandy bottom. The ship was scarce moored before the

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 261

the natives came off in their canoes from the
East side of the bay, and many fwam from the
West side; the distance not above a quarter
of a mile. They were of the negroe kind,
quite black and woolly headed, poor mean
despicable looking wretches, but armed with
bows and poisoned arrows, with every one a
club made of hard wood flung over his shoul-
ders. They were quite naked, except a girdle,
or piece of matting, tied round the waist, and
drawn so tight that it was with difficulty that
a finger could be thrust between it and the
skin: they wear, besides, on one wrist a piece
of wood or bone, so nicely jointed that it is
not easy to discover the seam: this too was
pretted so tight that many imagined it must
have been put on when they were very young,
and that the wrist had grown up to it; for,
being curiously emboffed, it was at first
thought to be one piece, and nobody suspected
to find a joint. Some of them were marked
on their bodies, but very different from
any they had before seen; for, instead of be-
ing smooth, and seemingly indented within the
skin, their marks appeared rough and raised
above it. As soon as they approached the
ship, or came near any of the crew, they
sprinkled water over their heads, patted their
heads with their open hands, crying Towmar-
row, Towmarrow; but offering no kind of
rude-

262 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

rudeness, nor misbehaviour of any kind. They kept about the ship, with lights, after it was dark, and when they had sufficiently gratified their curiosity, they went quietly away. Their boats were of a form very different from any they had before seen, being raised higher in the middle than at either end.

22. Great numbers of them came about the ship, and some came on board. At first they shewed no disposition to mischief, but leaped about, and admired every thing they saw. Being unwilling, however, to go away, and many of them preffing to be admitted at once, it was found necessary to oppose their attempts, which brought on a quarrel, and several of them let fly their arrows from their canoes, againſt which the crew were upon their guard, assuspecting their intent. The marines were then ordered to fire, and in a ſhort time the ship was cleared from ſuch unwelcome visitors. One of the fellows, however, in going off let fly an arrow, as was ſupposed, againſt one of the officers; but he paid for his audacity with his life. In the afternoon the captain ordered out the pinnace, and with a party of marines, well armed, went on shore. The natives on seeing them land made a halt, and ſtood quite still. The captain, willing to make friends with them, shewed them some articles of European manufacture, and some of Indian; and made

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 263

made signs for them to lay aside their weapons, and fit down, which they obeyed. He then went up to them, and prefented their chief with a few trifles, with which he seemed very much pleased; he next acquainted them that the ship was in want of water, but they either did not, or would not understand him; and seeing there was none to be gotten without bloodshed, nor any wood to be had but what was as hard as brazil, the captain returned on board, and prepared to sail. None of these people brought either flesh or fruit to dispose of; nor could the captain procure more than one lean hog, though there were many within fight. Those who were of the wooing party saw several of their women, who, they reported, were ten times uglier than the men. The fellows who first entered the ship were earned with the failors to expose themselves, but being refused with the true spirit of British tars, their resentment was first excited by the manner in which they were repulsed: they continued, however, peaceable the remainder of the time the ship ftaid, and the gentlemen and fishers purfued their fishing without molestation. At ten they caught a shark about twelve feet long: in hauling him near the boat, he gave a sudden plunge, and, feizing the item in his mouth, left two of his teeth buried in the wood, and it was with the utmost

264 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

utmost danger and difficulty that five of the
boat's crew could get the better of him. In
diffusing his head for one of the gentlemen
to preserve his jawbones, three inches of an
Indian arrow was found buried in his brains.

23. Weighed and got clear out of the bay by towing, the Indians following in their canoes. Several of the gentlemen fell sick, as fupposed, by eating the large red ground fifth which they had caught in the bay: they were strengthened in this opinion by the dogs being taken ill that had eaten the fragments; and one of the hogs that had taken what the dogs brought up, actually died; being opened, the liver and intestines were turned quite black. Though the people had no notion of trade, yet several of the failors prevailed on some of them to part with their bows and arrows, which they exchanged for beads and other trifles; but their spears nothing that was offered them could purchase. From the circumstances of the gentlemen falling sick, and the natives using poisoned arrows, the captain named this bay Venomous-Bay.

24. At fix made fail. At nine faw four unknown islands, furrounded with a reef. A number of small islands in fight the whole day. Tacked every two or three hours the following night.

25. Still

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 265

25. Still failing among a cluster of islands.
The gentlemen still sick.

26. This morning there were thirteen or fourteen islands in fight. They directed their course S. E. by E. the easternmost land bearing S. E. They could see from the decks the natives of several islands running along the beaches to look at the ship. At noon they changed their direction to S. E. half S. and at night they kept tacking every two hours.

27. Came in fight of four new islands, of which none had been noticed before. Lat. at noon 18 deg. 20 min. Course as before.

28. At fix in the morning tacked, and ftood in for the land. At noon tacked, and ftood to the Eastward for two or three ftrange islands that appeared at a great distance. Latitude 18 deg. 29 min. At four tacked, and ftood to the Westward. Saw land bearing South. The gentlemen who had been poisoned with the fish pretty well recovered.

30. Saw more islands almost in every direction. They were now in what is called in our maps the Archipelago of the Great Cyclades, and of which till now we have had a very vague account.

31. This day they caught two large sharks, one of which had five small turtle in his belly, one eighteen inches long and twelve broad,

M m

the

266 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

the other had three or four bonettas of considerable size.

August 1. Bore away S. by W. round the North West end of an island about four or five leagues to the windward. At four in the afternoon saw several of the natives, who appeared in every respect the fame as the savages in Venomous-bay. They made signs for the voyagers to land, by waving green boughs, the emblems of peace, and some of them jumped into the water, and made for the ship; but the ship making way, they were soon distanced.

2. About nine in the morning they sent the cutter in shore to examine the ground, but the船 soon returned without finding anchorage. They then bore away to the North Eastward to an island they had already passed.

3. At fix brought to an anchor in 10 fathom water, rocky ground. Great numbers of the natives came swimming towards the ship; but on the boats being hoisted out, they all made to land again. Their yellings were different from any they had yet heard.

4. Early in the morning the pinnace and large cutter went off to examine the coast, and to endeavour to find out a convenient place to wood and water. At half past seven on board the ship were alarmed by a continual firing from the boats on the shore, and immediately fired a twivel gun loaded with

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 267

with grape-shot, and sent the small cutter well manned and armed to the affrontance of the boats already engaged; at the same time continuing to fire from the ship with grape-shot. Soon after this the boats returned, and brought word, that they had scarce touched the ground when the savages attacked them, and wanted to haul the boats into the woods; that one of the boatswain's mates was unfortunately run through the cheek with a spear, which they threw from the land; that one of the failors was likewife wounded in the thigh in two places by a like weapon; that the master, who commanded on this occasion, was also wounded in the breast with an arrow, the point of which very fortunately broke in piercing his cloaths, otherwife it must have penetrated to his heart; and that some others had received very desperate blows before their guns could be made use of; that, in return, they had killed several of the savages, and had wounded many more; and that by means of the succours that had been sent them, and the firing from the ship, they had at length cleared the coast of them. This conflict was continued for more than an hour, in which time showers of arrows, spears, and stones came from the bushes, and flew over and between the people in the boats, but providentially no other hurt was received except what we have

M m 2

already

268 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

already related: many more, however, of the enemy would have been killed, but that the flints were so bad the powder would not take fire. Of the flints the complaint was general throughout the voyage, though it is not easy to account for such a defect, as the flints contracted for by government are the best that can be procured. As soon as the boats returned the ship prepared to sail, being told that no water was to be found in that bay, though it seemed to abound with every thing else. At ten they fired a round shot among the savages that shewed themselves upon the shore, and stood out of the bay in search of a more hospitable people. At night they observed a great body of fire, which issued from the burning mountain already mentioned, from whence they were not now at any considerable distance.

5. Stood in for the island, on which they had observed the burning mountain, and near which they had before landed, as has already been related. The bay they now discovered was situated at the S. S. W. part of the island, where the boats were sent out to reconnoitre, and presently brought word that there was safe anchorage in four fathom and a half water, that there was plenty of fresh water on shore, and that there was great appearance of plenty of every thing else that was wanted, particularly

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 269

Early of wood and fruit. This bay lay in and
out N. N. E. and S. S. W. the burning hill
bearing west half north. They had scarce caft
anchor, when several of the natives came off
with cocoa-nuts, yams, bannanoes, plantains,
&c. and one, an old man, brought on board
one fowl, which he prefented to the captain.
Those who brought the fruit were afraid to ap-
proach the ship, on which the captain ordered
the small cutter to be manned, and to row to-
wards them; but even this seemed to terrify
them. They made off from the boat, but
threw some cocoa-nuts into it, for which they
did not seem to expect any reward. Here we
cannot help remarking, that, by the favages
bringing every where, upon the approach of
the ship, cocoa-nuts, and other fruits, it
should seem that they imagined the strangers to
be a people like themselves, come from some
diftant island to visit them; and that therefore,
it being usual for such visitors to be in want of
such refreshments, it might be the custom for
the inhabitants upon their first coming, to
supply them; but that when they saw a people
totally unlike themselves, and in a vessel too
different from any they had ever before seen,
it was but natural for them to retreat, not
knowing their errand, and dreading perhaps
an invasion, or some mischief to befall their
country. Something of this kind must certainly

270 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

tainly have been the cafe, otherwife it is not
eafy to account for their coming off in their
canoes loaded with fruit, and then retiring
back without daring to go near the people
they intended to supply. Be this as it may, it
was not long before great numbers of them
came about the ship, armed with the fame wea-
pons as the inhabitants about Venomous-Bay
made use of when the ship anchored there.
There being now about 40 canoes gathered
round the ship, they firft began by endeavour-
ing to cut away the buoy; but a few musket-
balls being whiftled about their ears, prefent-
ly obliged them to desert that enterprize. They
then began their war ſong, the certain ſignal to
engage. To intimidate them, and to prevent
the effusion of blood, a four pounder was fired
over their heads; at which they all jumped
into the fea, and made towards the ſhore; but
recovering themselves, and finding that no one
had received any hurt, they again boarded
their canoes, and advanced as before. It was
then thought neceſsary to fire to effect, and
two or three of their canoes being diſabled by
one ſhot, the reſt fled haſtily to ſhore; the
boats followed, and in fight of thouſands of
them filled ſome caſks of water, and returned
to the ſhip.

6. The boats were ordered to land as before;
but previously to that attempt, the captain or-
dered

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 271

dered a spring upon the cable to keep the ship's
broad-side to the shore, to cover the waterers;
and went himself in the pinnace to make peace
with the natives. Finding them, however,
drawn up in two separate bodies, all armed
and prepared for war, he caused a musket to
be fired over their heads, and made the signal
for them to lay down their arms, which they
refused to do, with menaces if he dared to
land. On this defiance, the signal was made for
the ship to fire, which was instantly obeyed with
great guns, fwivels, and wall-pieces, loaded
with grape-shot, which in less than a minute
so cleared the shore of them, that only two of
them remained, one of whom was the old man
who the day before had presented the captain
with a fowl. About one the boats returned
to the ship loaded with water, cocoa-nuts, and
plantains, which, after they had felt the effects
of the ship's superiority, they brought in great
abundance to the water's edge, laying them
down, and running away without waiting for
any thing in exchange.

7. After what had passed on the 6th, the
natives, to all appearance, assumed a new af-
pect: they came and laid down their arms,
and seemed to supplicate for peace, which was
readily granted on the part of the voyagers;
and lines were marked out, over which they
were not to pass. Peace being thus far esta-
blished,

272 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

blifhed, the natives came down unarmed, and
brought with them whatever the island afford-
ed; for which they received in return such
articles of trade as they liked best. The fishers
now began to fish without fear, and at three
hauls of the seine, they caught above 500
mullet, many of them weighing 10 lb. a-fish.
The old Indian came frequently on board, and
the captain used him with great civility. It
was soon discovered, that the body of Indians
who intended to attack the ship were not the
inhabitants about the bay, but people from
another quarter, who finding themselves un-
equal to the undertaking, dispersed and retired
every one to his own home. It was, however,
thought prudent to be constantly on guard.

7. The boats went as usual for wood and water; and this day the captain's markee was fet up on shore, the natives behaving with the utmost humility and respect.

During the whole time of their stay the
volcano roared in a most terrifying manner,
sometimes emitting whole torrents of flame
and smoke that ascended above the clouds;
and sometimes stones of such an enormous size
as to be equal in bulk to the ship's pinnace,
which were thrown like pebbles to an incre-
dible distance. The convulsions wherewith it
was agitated before these vaft bodies were
ejected, seemed to shake the foundations of
the

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 273

the island; and though the place where the
ship lay was more than twelve miles diffant,
yet the afhes, when the wind blew a breeze
from the weftward, would cover the decks
like duft.

The natives of this island are very black,
but make themselves still blacker than they
are by nature, by painting their faces of a
shining jet, interspersed with red and white
spots on their noles and foreheads. Between
their nostrils they bore holes, which they keep
open with a short stick. They go naked, ex-
cept a sort of broad girdle round their waists,
in which the men tie up in a very singular
manner their marks of manhood, which by
their way of dressing, appear of uncommon
magnitude: in this confifts their pride. Their
hair, which is not woolly, they tie differently,
as each likes best: some let it flow down their
shoulders; others tie it up in folds about their
heads: others again twist it, and let it hang in
plaits; while not a few of them cut it short,
or, as we say, crop it. They hoop and
whiftle to call a number of them together,
when they intend mischief; and when they
apprehend danger, they hide themselves in the
covert of the woods.

Their women are in general passable when
young, but frightful when they grow old. On
their heads they wear a kind of bonnet, not

N n

inele-

274 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

inelegantly matted, and round their waists a
short petticoat which reaches to their knees;
this too is made of a kind of matting, for no
cloth was seen among them: they paint them-
selves variously as well as the men, but their
favourite colour is red. The men seemed very
jealous of them, and never suffered any of
them to appear alone. They generally kept
behind the men; and most of those that were
of age had a child, or a bundle upon their
backs: they, notwithstanding, were always
merry, either shouting or laughing.

Like almost all the other islanders they were
fond of working tools, and that induced them
to watch an opportunity to steal the cooper's
adze; which being miffed, another fray com-
menced, and one of the savages bent his bow
to shoot at the man who was purfuing the
thieves; but not being quick enough in tak-
ing aim, the man shot him dead with the bow
in his hand. The old Indian, however, who
has often been mentioned, recovered the adze,
and returned it to the cooper.

Here the water being very conveniently
situated, not above 30 or 40 yards from the
shore, the cafts were filled almost as soon as
they could be cleaned and repaired; and there
being plenty of wood, these two necessary ar-
ticles were fully compleated; and the boats,
before the other repairs could be accomplishe-
ed,

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 275

ed, had time to recruit the ballaft, in propor-
tion as the ship's ftores were expended. Dur-
ing the ship's stay, the people were plentifully
supplied with fish and fruit; but of pork, or
other animal food, there was little to be pro-
cured.

It is not a little remarkable, that the natives
of this island were more scrupulous in taking
any thing from the failors than thofe of any
other nation, and never would touch with
their bare hands what was given them, but al-
ways received it between green leaves, which
they afterwards tied up, and carried upon the
ends of their clubs; and if ever any of the
failors touched their skin, they always rubbed
the part with the like green leaf. Our jour-
nalift obferves, that, notwithstanding this false
delicacy, they gave the failors to understand,
that they eat one another; and one day when
the inhabitants about the bay were in motion,
and many of them marched forth armed to
fome diffant part of the island, thofe that re-
mained invited the gentlemen to feaft upon a
man that they had barbiqued; which they re-
fused with the utmoft difguſt.

When thefe people make a wonder at any
thing, they cry Hebow, and ſhake their right
hand. They wear bracelets, like as the In-
dians of Venomous-bay, in which they ſtick
their hair-pricker, (an inſtrument which they

N n 2

uſe

276 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

use to dress their heads) and likewise the
flings with which they throw their javelins;
and it is astonishing with what dexterity and
force some of them will hit a mark. One of
them, to show the commanding officer on shore
what he could do, threw his spear without his
fling through the bole of a three four inches
in diameter, at 20 yards distance: another of
them in the preference of the first lieutenant shot
a fish as it swam along in the sea at the distance
of 26 yards, with a bow and arrow, which fish
the lieutenant carried on board with the arrow
sticking in its body, as a proof of what he had
seen performed.

Some of the gentlemen, one clear day, at-
tempted to ascend a hill at some distance, with
intent to view the volcano more clearly, but
were obliged to retire precipitately, the ground
under them being so hot that they might as
well have walked upon a hot oven: the smell
too was intolerably sulphurous, which pro-
ceeded from a smoke that issued through the
fissures of the earth; yet from this smoke the
natives find a remedy for their cutaneous
disorders. The gentlemen observing a man
holding a child over the smoke, had the curio-
sity to enquire the reason, who made them un-
derstand, by shewing the child's eruptions, that
it was troubled with the itch.

While

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 277

While the people were employed in searching for ballast, they discovered water issuing from the crevices of a rock, hot enough to draw tea. Two of the ship's company who had been troubled with rheumatic complaints, at times, throughout the voyage, went accompanied with the surgeon to bathe in the water, but found the stones so hot underneath that they could not stand upon them, without first plunging in some of their cold garments to keep the soles of their feet from touching them. In one place the waters were so hot there was no bearing the finger in them: in another they were just hot enough to bear to plunge the whole body, but not to remain any considerable time. What effect these waters had upon the two men our journalist has not noted; from that circumstance, as he has been all along very particular in noting the illnesses that happened on board, and the recoveries, there is reason to conclude that the waters had but little effect.

Having been already ten days employed in repairing the ship, taking in wood and water, and purchasing fruits, the natives began again to grow troublesome, watching every opportunity to level their arrows at the guard, and restrained only by the fear of their muskets from proceeding to extremities. It is more than probable, however, that an act of violence

278 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

lence on the part of the strangers that cannot
well be justified, might give occasion to this
rancorous humour among the natives. Having
occasion for some large timber to supply the
decays of the ship, orders were given a few
days before their intended departure to cut
down a tree of vast growth, and for the con-
venience of getting it on board to saw it into
three pieces. This tree so divided, the natives
eyed with pleasure, not suspecting that the
strangers intended to carry it off, but to leave
it in compliment to them, as it suited exactly
their ideas of constructing just double the
number of canoes. To the cutting down and
sawing the natives made no opposition; but
when they saw the sailors employed in rolling
down the body of the tree to the water's edge,
they could not help looking furly; and one of
them, who probably was more interested than
the rest, was frequently seen to offer his spear
at the labourers, but was refrained for fear of
the guard: at length he watched his opportu-
nity, and, starting from behind a bush, was
levelling an arrow full at the commanding
officer, when he was discovered, and shot dead.
The ball tore his arm to pieces, and entered
his side. His companions instantly carried off
the body, and laid it in the wood, where the
ship's surgeon went to examine it, but found
it totally deprived of life.

The

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.

279

The ship's company were now permitted to go ashore by turns, for the preservation of their health; but the captain knowing the natives wanted nothing so much as an opportunity to revenge the death of their companions, strictly enjoined them never to walk alone; nor to stray more than an hundred yards from the guard.

In the mean time preparations were making on board to set sail; the ship was fmoak'd above and below, the hold fresh stow'd, and the ballast shifted; in short, every thing was placed in such order, as if the ship had been but just fitted out at home for a long voyage.

Though the people on this island, after feeling the effects of the European fire-arms, were peaceable, they were not friendly, nor were they, like the Indians in the Society-Isles, fond of iron; they wished for some of the tools with which they saw the failors cut down wood; but except an adze or two, they never attempted to steal any thing. The cooper's left their cafses during the night unguarded, nor were they under any apprehensions about their cloaths, which they suffered to lie carelessly about while they were at work. These people discovered none of that dispoſition to thievery which our voyagers fay every Indian inherits naturally. In their course of trade, they totally difregarded beads, and baubles, and feemed to prefer Rotterdam fifth hooks, and turtle-shell,

to

280 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

to every thing else that was offered them. They suffered the failors to have no communication with their women; nor were they easily per-fuaded to part with their arms on any account. The produce of the island they freely parted with; but on whatever required labour in the construction, they fet a high value.

The islands which compose this Archipelago, are not easily numbered: Our journalift counted upwards of seventy in fight at one time; they seem to be inhabited by people of very different natures and complexions. Some our voyagers saw woolly headed, and of the African race; others of a copper colour, not unlike the New-Zealanders; and others they saw of the mulatto colour; and not a few like the natives of Rotterdam, of a brownish black, with long hair and shorn beards. The high notions, however, that were entertained of the vaft riches of these islands; of their abounding in pearls, silver ore, and precious stones, do not seem well founded; neither does the island of Menicola anfwer, by any means, the pompous defcription given of it by the Spanish writers, who found their report on the relation of an Indian-Chief, and on that of a captive, whom Quiros feized and carried to Mexico. From the former Quiros learned, that to the N. W. of his country, (Taumaco) there were more than sixty islands, and a large country, which

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 281

which he called Manicola; that, to explain
which were small, he made circles, and point-
ed to the sea with his finger, and made signs
that it surrounded the land; and for the lar-
ger he made large circles, and the same signs;
and for that large country he opened both his
arms, without joining them again, shewing that
it extended without end; and by signs he shew-
ed which people were whites, negroes, Indians,
and Mulattoes, and which were mixed; and
that in some islands they eat human flesh; and
for this he made signs by biting his arm, shew-
ing clearly his abhorrence of such people. He
likewise gave him to understand, that in the
great country, there were cows or buffaloes.

From the captive, Quiros learnt that in some
of those islands, there were pearls, as large as
small pebbles; that the pearls were white and
shining; and that when they looked at them
against the sun, the shining luftre dazzled their
eyes; that at five days of their failing from a
country which he named, lay that great coun-
try Manicola, inhabited by many people, dun-
coloured, and Mulattoes, who lived in large
towns; that the country was high and moun-
tainous, with many large rivers; that he with
many others had gone to it in one of their em-
barkations in queft of the trunk of a large tree
of the many that are in it to make a periagua;
and that he saw there a port larger, and the en-

Oo

trance

282 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

trance narrower than that of the bay of St. Philip and St. Jago; and that the bottom was sand, and the shore shingle; he added, that they had warlike instruments, pointed with silver. This captive, after he had learnt the Spanish languages, confirmed what he had said of the great country, and what the Chief had said of the many islands, and of the different nations, with which they were peopled; some lofty, with bodies punctuated; and others without punctuation, of various colours, long hair, red black, curled, and woolly-headed; and being shewn some stones impregnated with silver, he said in the great country he had seen such stones and likewise at Taumaco, where the natives used some to punctuate themselves, and others for ornament.

From these intimations, (for we can find no other) Mr. Dalrymple infers, that if Quiros had flood to the southward, " that course would have undoubtedly discovered to him the great southern continent, or as Quiros emphatically expresses it, the mother of so many islands." This voyage, however, has shewn all these questions affirmations, and probable conjectures, to be no other than mere assumptions founded on a false hypothesis. The course which Tafman pursued in 1722, joined to that which Captain Cooke has lately completed in 1775, has demonstrated the

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 283

the non-existence of a southern continent, in the direction, in which Mr. Dalrymple so positively afferts Quiros might have found it; and indeed, every other direction from the line to the 50th degree of southern latitude, between which he has given it a place.

The course we are now tracing along with this able navigator, is the fame we had remarked as proper for his examination in the winter of 1773, instead of failing to the eastward; but it is with pleasure that we embrace this opportunity to disclaim the least intended censure, and to acknowledge the superiority of his judgment, as by the course he took he has left no room for conjecture, respecting the great object he had in view, in any direction whatever. Having in 1770, failed to the southward, in long. 213 deg. E. as far as the 41st degree of latitude; in 1773, he failed eastward in that latitude, from the 175th, to the 227th degree of eastern longitude, where having found himself nearly at an equal distance from the most southerly point of his track from Ottaheite to New-Zealand in 1770, and his track in the fame latitude from Cape-Horn to Ottaheite the same year, he tacked and steered to the northward, till he fell in with all the beaten tracks of former navigators, and then directed his course for Ottaheite. From Ottaheite he widened his course, and visiting Middleburg and Amsterdam islands, he failed directly

O 0 2

ly

284 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

ly for New-Zealand; from whence, in the fum-
mer of that climate, he again took his de-
parture, and extended his line, directing his
course southward, beyond the antarctic circle,
still steering a south-easterly course, till he
arrived at the 265th degree of eastern longi-
tude, where changing his direction to the north-
ward, he again made Ottaheite his place of
rendezvous, taking in his way the famous Eaf-
ter-island of the Dutch, and determining the
non-existence of any other land, pretended to
have been seen by Davis, or Juan Fernandez,
in that quarter, and visiting the Marqueas of
the Spaniards, which he found tolerably laid
down and described.

Having refreshed his men, and repaired his
ship, at Ottaheite, the range we are describing
was part of his 3d and last enterprize; in which we
have already accompanied him to Anamaka,
or Rotterdam Island, which he omitted to visit
in his former circuit, and from thence to that
great country, of which so many fine things had
been said, and so many flattering conjectures
credited; but with what foundation in truth the
reader has already been made acquainted.

The island on which Capt. Cooke chose to
refit is situated in lat. 19 deg. 30 min. S. and
in long. 169 deg. 38 min. E. It is called by
the natives Tanna, and the bay where the ship
caft anchor Providence. Where the effects of
the volcano did not reach, the island is fertile,
abounding

TO THE SOUHHERN HEMISPHERE. 285

abounding in fruits of various forts, which
grow to a vaft magnitude: our journalist
weighed a yam which exceeded 55 lb. and
other fruits in proportion. The trees too are
of an extraordinary fize; but a wide circle in
the interior part of the island, discovered no-
thing to the eye but a dreary waste, covered
with cinders, and tainting the air with sulphur.
Other surrounding islands looked pleafant to
the eye; but, according to the report of the
natives of Tanna, abounded in nothing of
which they themfelves were in want.

Early on the 20th of August, the captain gave orders to weigh anchor, and about ten in the morning made fail to the S. S. W. with the wind at S. S. E.

21. Tacked, and ftood to the fouthward.
At eleven the volcano bore N. W. by W.
diftance eight or nine leagues; and the Weft
point of Tanna bore W. by N. half N. dif-
tance four or five leagues. Courfe round the
South point of the ile W. half N. This part
of the island looked exceeding beautiful, as if
cultivated from the tops of the higheft hills to
the loweſt vallies. At fix in the evening faw land
bearing N. W. by W. and ſteered in that direc-
tion.

22. Came a-breast of the ile called Harra-
mango, where the quarrel happened in which
a multitude of the inhabitants were killed,
and where fome of the ſhip's company were
wounded,

286 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

wounded, as has been already related. Made
fail to the N. W. by N. and about eleven came
in fight of another island, very large and very
pleasant, which happened to be an island they
had passed before, and which they had distinguished
by the name of Lord Sandwich's
Island.

23. Came in fight of the famous isle of Monicolo, and failed along shore N. W. and N. W. by N. It has a most beautiful appearance, full of plantations, and all of them well fenced. They were frequently so close to shore that they could hear the natives hollow to them. Being arrived nearly at the West end, they discovered a passage (the fame they had passed before two days after they had discovered these islands); and night approaching, they shortened fail, and lay to. In the night many fires were seen on the island of Manicolo.

24. Course N. N. W. through the strait.
The land to the westward seemed to be of
great extent, and very delightful. At four in
the afternoon saw another isle, bearing N. half
W. Tacked, and ftood to the S. E.

25. Tacked, and steered to the N. W.
Saw much land to the W. and S. W. At
eleven entered a large deep bay; hauled up
W. and W. S. W. The land at each extre-
mity of this bay is very high: our journalist has
named it the bay of St. Philip and St. James,
discovered by Mindana in 1595. In this bay
the

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 287

the Spaniards made a settlement, and laid the
foundations of a city, to which they gave the
name of New Jerusalem; and to the two rivers
between which it was situated they gave the
names of Jordan and Salvador.

26. There being a fine breeze from the S. S. W. they ftood pretty well into the bay, the entrance to which lies N. by W. At two they hoifted out the pinnace and large cutter, armed them, and fent them to fearch for an-chorage, in order to exchange their water taken in at Tanna, it proving very bad. While the boats were employed in examining the coaſt, three canoes came cloſe by the ſhip, and ſtruck their fails; but the men would not venture to come on board. The voyagers threw them ſome medals, cloth, and nails; the latter of which were moſt joyfully received. In return they offered ſome plants of cinna-mon trees, which they had in their boats. They had likewife in their canoes long ſpears, headed with the tail bones of the ſtingray, but did not ſhow the leaſt diſpoſition to miſchief. They were black and woolly-headed, (which by no means anſwers the deſcription which Quiros gives of the inhabitants about the bay of St. Philip and St. James, who are, accord-ing to that voyager, of a brown complexion,) and go naked, except a belt tied tight round their waifts, in like manner with the people before

288 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

before described. They are of the middle sta-
ture, and wear bracelets, as moft of the people
in these iflands do, but differ in one respect,
by ornamenting their heads with plumes of
feathers like the inhabitants of New Zealand.
About four o'clock in the afternoon the boats
returned, without being able to discover a wa-
tering-place, or any safe anchorage within the
bay: they saw, however, a large river, but no
harbour within reach. Several of the inhabi-
tants came in fight, but were very shy, and
kept at a distance. Upon this intelligence
they hoisted the boats on board, and made fail
out of the bay, at the mouth of which they
lay off and on all night.

27. This day they began to use the water-engine to sweeten the water taken in at Tanna; and it had a very good effect.

28. Saw great numbers of fires in the night.
The wind calm, made little or no way.

29. The calm continued.

30. At eight in the morning made fail, and
ftood in for land. Still little wind.

31. Saw two iflands to the eastward, one of
which extended to a great distance. At twelve
tacked, and ftood to the eastward.

Sept. 1. No land in fight.

2. This day one of the petty officers was
put in irons for misbehaviour.

3. The officer was releafed on his submiffion.

4. Came

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 289

4. Came in fight of land, bearing about E.
and S. by E. Ship's head S. S. E. About
twelve faw the land more plain, large, and ex-
tenfive.

5. Worked well in with the land. Seeing
20 or 30 canoes standing towards the ship,
they thought it advisable to load the great
guns, and to prepare for defence, in case of
opposition. About eight they hoisted out the
pinnace and large cutter, and sent them for-
wards to examine an opening which they ob-
ferved in the reef. They returned, having
found a clear passage, and very regular found-
ings, from eight and a half to five and a half
fathoms water. At one the ship came to an
anchor within half a mile of the land. In less
than half an hour the ship was surrounded with
the natives, mostly armed with clubs, spears,
and flings, the stones of which were of the size
of an egg, smooth and round as if turned in
an engine: they appeared, however, very
peaceable, and several were admitted on board.
They were most of them, but not all, flat nosed
and woolly headed; of a middling stature,
and naked, except about their waists. All the
inlanders seen in this Archipelago are nearly
naked alike, having no other clothing but a
girdle, sometimes of one fabric, sometimes of
another, drawn tight about their middles, and
so contrived as to cover them as low as the

P p

haunches.

290 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

haunches. Some of the natives here, like
those of Eafter-Island, have holes bored in
their ears, and wear heavy ornaments in them,
which draw them down to a frightful length;
and some of them were punctuated with sprigs
of flowers and other figures upon their breasts,
arms, and legs. Their chiefs wear large black
caps on their heads, and have ornaments of
bone, tortoise-shell, or mother of pearl, upon
their arms.

Their canoes are all double, and fail with
two fails made of matting. They are built
with a room acrofs, which gives them the ap-
pearance of large floating ftages, and are ca-
pable of carrying a great number of men.
They are not rowed with oars or paddles as
most other canoes are, but skulled along with
long poles flatted at the ends, and let down
through holes between the boats, and with
these they guide their veffels in failing or turn-
ing. They uſe ftraps for their ſpears, ſuch as
are in uſe among the natives of Tanna, but
more curiouſly wrought. They ſeem to be a
warlike people, if one may be allowed to judge
from the many deep ſcars wherewith they are
marked: but, what was remarkable, many of
them appeared to be broken bellied, and not
a few were blind of one eye.

As soon as the ship was properly secured,
the captain and several of the gentlemen went

on

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 191

on shore in the pinnace to establish peace with
the chiefs, who all seemed very well disposed;
and when they returned, they expressed their
satisfaction at the manner of being received.
Their houses were very different from any
they had before seen, and were built in the
form of beehives, with each two doors oppo-
site one to the other, to let in the air, and let
out the smoke, of which they stunk most abo-
minably.

Their plantations are pleasant beyond de-
scription, and are chiefly cultivated by the
women, who likewise have the care of the
children, and carry the burdens. They are
more flenderly covered in this island than in
most of the others, and differ very little in
that respect from the men, and like them too
are mostly black and woolly-headed.

The island does not abound in variety of
fruits; but the gentlemen who went up into
the country reported that they saw wild-fowl
in abundance, as well as tame. The captain
made the chief who welcomed him on shore,
and who afterwards visited him on board, a
present of a few and boar, and of some other
animals, males and females, of which they had
none upon the island.

6. The astronomer, with the captain and of-
ficers, went to a small isle adjoining to the main
to observe an eclipse of the sun, which hap-
pened

Pp 2

pened

292 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

pened between the hours of two and three in
the afternoon; and it being a clear day, they
had a fine opportunity of determining the time
of its duration with the utmost exactness.

Having discovered a clear stream of running
water, the carpenters and others were employ-
ed in cutting down trees, and bushes, to make
a rolling way to facilitate the labour of con-
veying the water to the sea-side. This was of
infinite use, and shortened the ship's stay feve-
ral days.

This day the ship's butcher died of a hurt
he received by falling down the hatchway the
day before. One of the Indians struck an un-
common fish with a spear, which was purcha-
fed by one of the officers, and presented to the
captain as a rarity, but it had the fame effect
with that eaten in Venomous-Bay, and made
those sick who partook of it. The hog that
eat the entrails died. The gentlemen, how-
ever, soon recovered.

7. The butcher was this day buried with the
usual sea solemnity.

8. Most of the people employed in water-
ing.

9. The launch and large cutter were sent to
examine the coast, and to endeavour to find a
passage for the ship, without going round the
island.

10. The

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 293

10. The boats, not returning, the captain began to be in pain for their safety.

11. About eleven in the morning, the launch and large cutter were seen at a great distance, beating up to recover the ship. About four in the afternoon some of the gentlemen, who went out in the boats, and who travelled over land a considerable way, came on board, and brought an account that the large cutter had sprung a leak; and that the launch had carried away her fore-yard; that the cutter had fortunately reached the shore, and stopped her leak; and that the launch had made shift to supply her lofts, by a new contrivance, which necessity had suggested; they likewise related the manner of their travelling acrofs the country, and of the civility they received from the natives wherever they had occasion to refresh, bringing them sugar cane, and tarra-root, which the natives here call by the name of coao. In the course of their journey, they passed by several of the burying places of their dead, which were equal in neatness and regularity to those in the Society-isles. In their plantations there were several low cocoa-nut-trees, as if but lately planted, and in the low marshes not a few mangroves. In the woods they saw the marks of many fires, about which the shells of fishes were scattered in plenty; from whence it was conjectured that the natives lived chiefly

upon

294 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

upon shell-fish, as neither bread-fruit, nor plantains seemed to abound; and that those yams that were brought to market were held very precious. The bread they chiefly use is made of the tender shoots of a certain tree, not unlike to liquorish root in colour and grain. These stewed in an earthen pot, when ready, have much the fame taste as roasted potatoes. In the evening the boats recovered the ship, after a very fatiguing voyage, in which they were much incommoded by the weather.

12. This day the carpenter's mate, by the captain's order cut the following inscription on a large tree, HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S SHIP RESOLUTION 1774. About three in the afternoon hoisted in the launch and small cutter, and prepared every thing in readinefs to fail.

13. At fix in the morning weighed anchor, and made sail with the wind E. S. E. steering to clear the passage between the reefs, by which they entered the harbour. At eight bore away for the east end of the isle W. by N. and W. N. W. While they continued this course, the dead man's cloaths were fold by auction as usual. At two in the afternoon, saw an island bearing S. by E. at a great distance. At seven two more islands came in fight, one bearing S. W. the other W. by N. Stood off and on all night.

14. Tacked

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 295

14. Tacked and ftood to the northward.
The reef ftill a head.

15. Bore away W. N. W. At eight tacked,
feeing the reef a head, and ftood S. E. by E.
Wind E. by N. At two calm, the reef not
above a league and a half diffant, and a light
breeze from the eaftward, and a heavy fwell
from the northward, which fet in on the reef,
alarmed the whole crew with the apprehen-
fion of danger, which was not a little increafed
by a dead calm that immediately fucceeded,
the fhip's drift being right in upon the reef.
The pinnace and large cutter, as the only
means under Providence to fave the fhip, were
hoifted out with that alertneſs by which the
crew of the Refolution were diſtinguifhed, and
both being employed in towing the fhip off,
with inconceivable labour, in which thoſe who
were engaged were relieved every two hours,
they cleared the reef, but not till the next day.

16. The boats ftilt towing:—about eight in
the morning the reef was ſeen at a confidera-
ble diſtance; and about eleven, a breeze
ſpringing up from the S. by W. the pinnace
and cutter were hoifted on board, and the fhip
made fail to the eaftward.

17. They now began to direct their course
to the fourth-eastward, and it was soon conjec-
tured by the ship's company that the place to
which they were bound was New Zealand; but

it

296 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

it was not till the 21st that they cleared the
land. This island must therefore be of con-
fiderable extent, and was perhaps that great
country which the Indian Chief told Quiros
lay to the southward, and which Quiros might
misinterpret, by supposing it Monicôla, which
is small in comparison to the great-country
meant. Be this as it may, it does not appear
that any European vessel ever before visited
this island, to which Capt. Cooke gave the
name of New Caledonia; it is situated partly
between the 19th and 22d degree of south-
latitude, and in long. 165 deg. 50 min. E. and
at a distance appears very lofty and mountain-
ous. Its extent from north to south full 90
leagues. From east to west unknown.

On the 24th, about four in the afternoon,
steering E. S. E. they came in fight of two
small isles off the East point of the great
island.

On the 25th they bore away S. by W. and
saw several small isles to the eastward of the
main. At three in the afternoon changed their
course E. S. E. Saw white water a-head, and
hauled up to the East. These isles were full
of trees, and some of them had the appear-
ance of statues, such as were seen on Easter-
Island. Caught two sharks that were bespoke
before taken. To sailors who are not accuf-
tomed to dainties, the flesh of these creatures,

when

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 297

when cleared of the fat, is very good meat;
and their intestines not much inferior to hafe-
let, which by some is accounted a delicacy.
Hoisted out the small cutter to try the current,
but found none. Light breezes from the land.
Tacked every two hours during the night.

26. Saw great flocks of birds, but at such a
distance as not to be able to distinguish to what
claws they belonged. Stood to S. W.

27. Tacked, and ftood to the S. E. close
under the infle seen on the 23d to the eastward
of the main. It prefented a moft beautiful
landscape: the trees feemed ranged in lines,
and being nearly of a height, and the hills and
lawns diversifying the prospect, nothing in na-
ture could appear more delightful, except that
water was wanting to compleat the picture.
Stood off and on all night.

28. Saw the island on their lee-beam.
Wind E. S. E. a stiff gale. Course S. W.
and S. S. W. At eight tacked, and ftood
N. N. W. At eleven the man at the maft
head called aloud HIGH LAND. About one
in the afternoon saw the land from the deck
extending as far as the eye could carry, bear-
ing W. S. W. and W. by S. Hauled up to
the S. W. by S. When they hauled up, the
beautiful island they had just quitted bore
about E. half N. distance fix leagues; and the
high land in fight bore about N. N. W. dif-

Qq

tance

298 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

tance eight or nine leagues. At four faw
breakers almost all round them. Tacked, and
flood to the North, that being the clearest paſ-
fage. At five tacked again, and ftood to the
southward. About five steered to the North-
East, and N. E. by N. Sounded, and got
every thing in readinels to caft anchor in forty
fathom water; but the wind blowing hard,
and the breakers and shoals multiplying about
them, preſented nothing but danger; it was
therefore determined to bear away, and to take
 shelter under the lee of a small isle about four
leagues from the High Land, where they
dropped anchor in thirty-nine fathom water,
fine ſhelly bottom.

29. The captain and gentlemen went on
shore, and found that the island was frequent-
ed by the Indians, who had made many fires in
the woods, about which lay scattered the bones
and shells of fish: they found likewise two
canoes buried in the sand upon the beach, and
the callipee of a turtle at some distance from
the water's edge. They found no water upon
the island; but, after a fruitless search, return-
ed on board very much fatigued: the carpent-
ters, however, were sent on shore, who cut
eight or nine straight spars, which were much
wanted; and having made some necessary re-
pairs in the mafts and rigging,

On

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 299

On the 30th they weighed anchor, and narrowly escaped tumbling upon a funken rock, which they discovered just under their lee-bow. Steering to the South-East, they discovered that the High Land already mentioned was a part of New Caledonia, which they discovered on the 4th instant: they therefore kept on their course.

Oct. 1. Sailed with great caution, the sea being full of reefs and funken rocks. At ten they lost fight of land, and then made all the sail they could E. by S. Tacked, and ftood to the S. W. and at twelve tacked again, and ftood to the eastward, probably in search of some new land.

2. Course in the morning E. and E. S. E. a great while from the southward. At eleven saw some man of war birds. Course S. by W.

3. Course S. by E. the weather equally.

4. Stood S. and S. by E. Saw a few birds.

5. Steered S. S. E. the whole day. Lat. at noon 26 deg. 31 min.

6. At five in the morning tacked, and ftood W. S. W. The weather being fine, and the gentlemen seeing many birds about the ship, ordered out the boat, and went a-shooting. About two in the afternoon they returned, having killed four large albatrosses, and several small birds. About five hoisted in the

Qq 2

boat,

300 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE
boat, and continued their course the whole
night.

7. Stood to the S. W. all day. Wind S. S. E.

8. At twelve at noon stood S. W. by. S.
At five they struck a small porpoise, as the
failors imagined; but, having purfued and
brought it aboard, the naturalifts were divid-
ed; and, by the moft knowing, it was faid to
be an ancient dolphin.

9. Course this day W. S. W. Struck ano-
ther of the above fish, and broke the harpoon
in him clofe to the sockets. The former be-
ing dressed proved very good meat.

10. At five in the morning came in fight
of land, bearing about S. and S. S. W. at fix
it appeared high and full of trees; neared it
very faft, and all the morning employed in
working under the lee of the ifle: at one,
being clofe by it, they hoisted out the pinnace
and large cutter, and the captain with two of
his lieutenants went on shore to reconnoitre
the coast, and at the fame time taking the
carpenter's crow along with them to fell some
trees, of which there were abundance large
enough for mafts for third-rate men of war,
and others fit for yards, boltsprits, and all
other uſes about the ship. They met with no
inhabitants, nor any obſtruction whatever.
The woods abounded with parrots and parro-
quetes, pidgeons, and other birds; but they
found

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 304

found no water. The island appeared broken,
and barren in many places; but in the vallies
between the hills nothing could look more
beautiful. At five in the afternoon the boats
came in from the shore, the carpenters having
felled what trees were wanted for use, which
being shipped on board, the boats were hoisted
in, and the ship stretched away to the east-
ward, with intent to go to the windward of the
isle. In this course they passed a small unin-
habited island, on which there grew abundance
of cabbage trees; of these the ship's crew
made the proper use. About eight in the
evening the middle of the large island bore
South half West fix or seven leagues.

11. Still endeavouring to get to the wind-
ward of the island. Wind at E. and S. by E:
Course South. At ten the two islands made into
one, latitude at noon 29 deg. 27 min. Course
S. S. E. Sounded in 33 fathom water; but the
breeze favouring, they purfued their course,
after giving a name to the island, and calling
it Norfolk Isle. Lat. 28 deg. 58 min. and
long. 167 deg. 30 min. E. by observation.

12. Course S. S. E. all day. At noon lat. 31 deg. 30 min. by observation.

[The difference of latitude between our
journalist's reckoning, and the astronomer's, to
fix the exact situation of the island on the 11th,
is not easily accounted for : our journalist's,

how-

302 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

however, seems quite confident with the run
of the ship.]

13. Course S. E. by S. Saw something a-head that very much resembled land; but on nearing it, found it only a fog-bank. Hauled up S. E. by E. and steered in that direction all night.

14. Course S. E. by E. as before. Lat. at noon 34 deg. 8 min.

15. Course continued till noon. Altered S. E. Wind at north.

16. Course the same. At half past eleven the wind suddenly changed, and blew a storm, with thunder, lightning and rain. Course in the evening S. S. E.

17. Came in fight of land, bearing S. E. by E. half E. It proved to be Cape-Egmont, in New-Zealand, almost covered with snow. Sounded and made all the sail they could to the S. E. by S. At ten a stiff gale from the westward, course S. S. E. At four in the afternoon saw the southern land, ship's way all day eight and eight½ knots an hour. At five hauled up, S. by W. night approaching. At twelve wore ship, and stood to the northward.

18. At two wore ship and stood to the southward. At eleven in a few seconds of time the wind varied all round the compafs. At twelve brought too in Charlotte-Sound in New-Zealand, within a mile and a half of their former birth.

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 303

birth. At two hoisted out the large and small
cutter, and sent them on shore, to see if the
bottle had been removed, that was left with
directions for the Adventure. They returned,
and brought word, that the tree, under which
it was depofited, had been cut down, and the
bottle taken away, but whether by the na-
tives, or by the Adventure's crew, they could
not determine. They hauled the feine, but
could catch no fish; but gathered fcurvy-
grafs and wild cellery in plenty, which were
no lefs acceptable. Here the fowlers kill wild
fowl in abundance, and the crew being almoſt
all of them in health, were little leſs rejoiced
than if they had arrived on the coaſt of Eng-
land.

19. They moored the ship, and sent the
tents ashore; began to cut down wood and
prepare for watering; but wondered that none
of the natives came in fight. These savages
undoubtedly imagined that the ship was come
to revenge the death of the Adventure's men,
whom they had killed and eaten; but being
fooon relieved from that dread, they came about
the ship as usual, bringing fish, and whatever else
the inland produced, and behaving in feeming-
ly a friendly manner.

Here the ship's crew pitched their tents as
usual, and all hands were employed in repairs
of various kinds; the gentlemen in reconnoi-
tering

304 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

tring the country, and the captain in survey-
ing the Sound, in which he discovered a pa-
fage leading into the main ocean through feve-
ral channels, 12 or 13 leagues from the en-
trance of the Sound. While the pinnace was
employed in this discovery, she was dogged
the whole day by a large double canoe, which
however, did not dare to attack her, though
encouraged by the savages on shore, who heav-
ed stones at the pinnace, but did not reach
her.

The gentlemen, who went out a-shooting,
found a hog upon Long-island, left there, as
was supposed, by the Adventure; she was very
wild, and took to the woods as soon as disco-
vered. Several of the crew went afterwards to
hunt her, but without effect.

During their intercourse with the natives,
they were given to understand that a ship had
been cast away upon the coast; and that the
natives had overcome the people, had killed
them, and eat them.

Just before their departure, several strange
Indians came rowing down the Sound, having
a variety of articles, the produce of the coun-
try, to dispose of; some curiously wrought in
jasper, some in wood; and not a few in reeds
and matting. Some of their country cloth
they brought likewife and exchanged for Otta-
heite cloth, and cocoa-nut shells, of which laft
they

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 305

they were very fond, and of which there were
some thoufands on board. Thefe favages had
with them feven or eight young red painted
blue-lip'd cannibal ladies, who were by no
means unwilling to be introduced to the com-
pany of fuch of the fhip's crew as fancied them.
The gunner's mate, who had been confined in
irons for endeavouring to leave the fhip at Ot-
taheite, was here punifhed with twelve laſhes
for going aſhore without leave in purfuit of one
of thofe beauties.

After ftaying in this harbour from the 19th
of October, till the 10th of November, and
after taking in their full quantity of wood and
water for a long run, they weighed anchor, and
made fail with a fine breeze, blowing right out
of the harbour.

On the 12th of November they cleared the
land, and fteering a S. S. E. courfe, till they
came into the 53d degree of southern latitude,
they continued in that parallel nearly till they
came in fight of land between the ftraits of Ma-
gellan and Cape-Horn. In this long run, and
in this high latitude, they met with not the
least obſtruction; they were favoured by wind
and weather; for, from the time of their de-
parture on the 12th of November, till their
feeing land on the 17th of December, the wea-
ther, confidering the climate, was moderately
warm, and wind not unfavourable.

R r

On

306 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

Oh the 16th of November they were in lat. 49 deg. 33 min. when the captain ordered can-vas to be nailed all round the hatchways, to defend the crew, as much as possible, from the severity of the cold, in the climate they were about to navigate; and took every other pre-caution that was in his power for the preferva-tion of the health of all his men.

On the 18th at noon, their latitude was 53 deg. 44 min.

On the 25th, their latitude at the same hour was 55 deg. 19 min.

On the 26th, the same

On the 4th of December, 53 deg. 15 min.

On the 5th, 53 deg. 8 min.

On the 7th, 53 deg. 20 min.

On the 8th, 53 deg. 33 min.

On the 9th, 53 deg. 27 min. Long. 256 deg. 21 min.

On the 10th, 53 deg. 83. min. Long. 257 deg. 46 min.

On the 11th, 54 deg. 14 min.

On the 13th, 53 deg. 25 min.

On the 14th, 53 deg. 27 min.

On the 15th, by observation, 53 deg. 30 min.

On the 16th, 53 deg. 26 min.

On the 17th came in fight of land, which proved the south side of Terra del Fuego, very rugged, and full of snow. There appeared, however, a great many ifles and entrances;

but

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 307

but the whole country prefented neither tree
nor shrub.

On the 18th, being in lat. 53 deg. 51 min.
they came in fight of a flock of birds that ex-
tended for more than two miles; at the fame
time a great many fhags came flying about the
ship. Lat. this day at noon 53 deg. 51 min.
Long. 287 deg.

19. Bore away E. by S. and coaſted along
ſhore, at the diſtance of about five or ſix leagues.
It ſtill appeared craggy and mountainous, and
covered with ſnow; no trees or bushes, but the
rocks reſounding with the cries of ſea-fowl, and
birds of various kinds. At ten in the morn-
ing founded in 45 fathom water, courſe gra-
vel. At half paſt four in the afternoon, tack-
ed, and ſtood right in for the ſhore, ſome part
of which looked not unlike a large iſland of
ice, except in magnitude and extent.

20. About one in the afternoon the southern
head, known by the name of Cape-Horn, came
in fight, founded in 45 fathom water, ſandy
bottom. Lat. 55 deg. 10 min. Stood in for
the land, which appeared barren as a defart;
but the weather being clear and moderate, the
whales were ſporting, and throwing up the wa-
ter like so many fountains, all along the coaſt.
Discovered a fine bay, and ſtood towards it,
but there being little wind, hoisted out the
pinnace, the large and ſmall cutters, and tow-

R r 2

ed

308 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE
ed cloſe in ſhore; and about nine at night
came to an anchor in 25 fathom water.

21. Sent the boats out to ſearch for water, who in the afternoon returned, having ſucceeded. Some of the officers who were on board the boats killed a great number of wild geese, not indeed so large as the geese in England, but much handſomer. On their report the ſhip unmoored, and when ſteadied again, ſhe was landlocked on every side, ſo that no wind could blow to hurt her. On reconnoitring the country, they found a ſmall quantity of wild celery, and at ſome diſtance from the ſhore, diſcovered trees, the bark of which taſted like pepper. These trees, have obtained the name of Winterania Aromatica, in compliment perhaps to Capt. Winter, who was the firſt who brought a quantity of their bark from the ſtraits of Magellan into England. There are trees, however, of a ſimilar kind in almoſt every ifland in the Weſt-Indies, the bark, fruit, and leaves of which have a fine aromatic flavour, and are uſed both in food and phyſic. What appears remarkable, is, that trees ſo like in quality, ſhould grow in ſuch oppoſite climates; and yet that those which grew in the Weſt-Indies can by no ſort of culture be brought to live in England, except in the ſtove.

Though the ſhips that paffed the ſtraits of Magellan, experienced great hardships in navigating

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 309
vigating that narrow sea, and were exposéd to
innumerable dangers, owing to the strong
tides, and uncertain weather, yet our naviga-
tors, by rounding Cape Horn, escaped all these
inconveniences. The weather was fine, though
somewhat cold, and, by a diligent search, they
found wood as well as water, sufficient to sup-
ply their wants.

While the crew was employed in cutting
wood, and filling water, the captain was vigi-
lant in examining the coast. About five or fix
miles from the place where the ship rode at
anchor, he came to a cove, where he found
the frame of a wigwam, or two, in which some
Indians had formerly resorted, and where they
had made a fire, and feasted upon shell fish.
He likewise met with some sea-fowl that could
not fly, but fluttered upon the surface of the
water, as fast as thought, and were such ready
divers, that though the captain, and the gen-
tlemen who accompanied him, fired several
times, and hit the very spot on which they were
fluttering, yet they never could kill one of them.

While the ship lay at anchor in this bay, one
William Wedgborough, a marine, was missing,
and no body could give any account of him.
About twelve o'clock at night, on the 22d of
December, he was drinking in company with
three or four more of his comrades, and after
that he was never seen; he was a fine hearty
jolly

310 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

jolly fellow, about 24 years of age, and well
respected by all his corps. This is rather
worth noticeing, as the writer of the former
voyage gives a similar account of a marine,
who on being reproached by his company for
a trifling theft committed in joke, made away
with himfelf much about the fame place.

Two or three days after the arrival of the
ship a canoe came in fight, with a family of
the natives paddling between the ifles, pro-
bably gathering limpets and fhell-fish. They
took little or no notice of the fhip, and kept
at a distance; but, in lefs than a week, feveral
other boats appeared, and fome of the Indians
ventured to come on board. They were not
fuch miferable beings as has been repreſented.
They were indeed naked, all but a feal fkin
thrown careleſsly round their fshoulders, and
pinned upon their breafts with a kind of
ſkewer; but they were not dejeſted.

Some had ornamented their heads with fea-
thers made up in various forms; but every
other part of their bodies, except their backs,
was without covering, women as well as men.
They bore, notwithstanding, a very healthy
appearance; and, except a continual ſhiver-
ing, which perhaps was natural to them, they
made no bad figure.

They were painted of a dark kind of red or
copper colour from head to foot, intermixed

with

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 311

with streaks of other colours upon their arms
and thighs.

Their wigwams were only temporary dwellings, made of the slender boughs of trees, arched over like so many arbours, and covered with the branches and leaves of the winter's bark tree. In these they make their fires, and dress their meat. In one of them that had been deferted on the approach of a party of failors, there was the leg of a goose ready dressed, and the remains of some fish, on which, it was supposed, they had dined. Their canoes differ but little from those of the other Americans: they are made of the bark of large trees, put together with great labour, and covered with seal-fkins: they differ much from the canoes in the Tropical Islands, being very wide in proportion to their length, and having a quantity of earth in them, on which, in their fishing seafons, they make their fires. It should seem that these canoes are each the property of a separate family, for in every canoe there were women and children.

The men did not express either fear or
wonder on coming on board: but their reason
for hiding themselves on shore seemed to be
left their women and children should be taken
from them and carried into captivity; a dread
which runs through the whole human race, let
their

312 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

their situation be ever so mean, in the place of
their nativity. Their language is hoarſe and
guttural.

Orders were given, that no purchase ſhould
be made with them, without giving them
clothing in exchange: but there was nothing
of which they were poſſed that they would
not ſell; their bows and arrows, their ſpears,
their fishing-tackle, their utensils of every
kind, all came to market. Whatever was
given them to affuage their hunger they
would eat voraciously; and whenever they
went off from the ſhip they never failed to
entertain the company with a dance.

Here the ſhip's company kept their Chrift-
mas jovially; and it was not till after ſome
days that they could be brought to buſineſs.

While they remained at anchor, the people
on board were in no want of fresh provisions,
they found wild-fowl in ſuch abundance that
numbers of them were killed and salted down
for future use, and not a few kept alive, eſpe-
cially geese; and of ſcurvy-grafs and wild-
celery they were in no want, after the country
came to be better known. It being the height
of summer, they found meadows that might
have been mowed, and the graſs made into
hay; and there were many plants and flowers
that were exceeding beautiful, and totally un-
known to our European botanifts.

The

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 313

The repairs being at length completed, and
wood and water supplied, on the 27th of De-
cember the ship prepared to fail; and on the
28th they weighed and put to sea. Their
course out of the bay, to which they gave the
name of Christmas Sound, was S. by E. and
S. S. E. Its latitude 54 deg. 24 min. accord-
ing to our journalist's reckoning; by the astro-
nomer's 55 deg. 26 min. Its long. by the
former, 289 deg. 00 min. by the latter, 289
deg. 54 min. East.

On the 29th Cape Horn, bearing N:
88 deg. East distance five or fix leagues, they
purfued their course to the N. E. by N. and
N. N. E. half E. till they came off Succes-
Bay, where the Endeavour anchored in her
former voyage, and where the present naviga-
tors had appointed to rendezvous in cafe of fe-
paration from the Adventure: they therefore
hoisted the large cutter out to make search if
any token had been left of that ship's anchor-
ing there; but no such token having been
found, they returned, after cutting the ship's
name and date of the year on a large tree ad-
joining to the strand. While this was doing,
they saw thirty or forty of the natives, who
came out of the woods to welcome them on
shore, one of whom the failors remember-
ed. He made motions for knives, but there
were scarce any on board. The people

S s here

314 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

here seemed rather ftouter than thofe about
Christmas Sound; but made no figure as
giants.

30. They now directed their course to Staten's Land, in the paftage to which the whales were so numerous and large that the crew thought themselves in danger of the ship's being overfet by them: penguins and feals were likewife in plenty.

At half paft nine in the morning they bore away S. E. and got close under a pleafant long ifle, which appeared to be clothed with a verdure equal to any they had yet seen. At half paft ten they heard a great noife, like the lowing of many cattle, but soon found that it was the roaring of the fea-lions that harboured upon the coaft.

31. At half after one came too between the East side of the Green Inland, and the West side of Staten Land; diſtance about three leagues from each. About one the boats were hoifted out, and about 40 of the crew, armed with muſkets and Amsterdam clubs, haſtened to shore to kill ſeals. As soon as the boats landed, the people on board could fee the engagement, which was very hot ſo long as it laſted. Inſtead of ſeals they found an innumerable herd of lions and lionſes baſking on the beach; and in a very ſhort time they ſent the large cutter back with ſeveral old ones,

and

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 315

and above 200 young ones. At seven in the evening the other boats came off with another freight. Some of the old lions weighed from 700 to 800 lb. weight. The young ones are about the size of large bull-dogs. During the whole time of the engagement there were from 30 to 40 lions in the water close by the launch, roaring, jumping, and standing upright, but afraid to land. These lions yield vast quantities of oil; but are very hard to kill, some of the large lions having gone off with eight or ten balls in their heads. Some of them measured from eight to nine feet in length, and not less round the shoulders. Their feet, or what the failors call their pippers, measured from two feet and a half to three feet and a half in length. They have the appearance of lions as they stand upon the rocks; but when lying on the beach, they look more like flocks of sheep, with 20 or 30 large black rams among them. By the description here given of them they seem to differ much from those found in the North Seas.—Some of the gentlemen who went up into the country saw bears; but time was wanting to encounter them. This island is entirely covered with coarse longGRAFS, through which the tracks of fca and land-monsters may be traced for many miles. Turkies, buftards, and hawks, were seen upon this island, and several geese were killed upon

S s 2

it

316 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

it. In the evening the boats were hoisted in, and the people employed in affixing the butcher in cutting the blubber from the lions, and caressing it up.

Jan. 1. The whole day was spent in killing lions, penguins, geese, and teals; every little cove upon the Green Island was covered with them. The penguins are accounted good eating; and thousands of them were killed for that purpose. It is desperate work to encounter the lions, without first firing two or three balls into them; for they will spring two or three yards at their affiliates when they find themselves hard precluded.

2. While the ship rode in this channel the pinnace was hoisted out to reconnoitre the West coast of Staten Land, and brought word that they had discovered a safe harbour, in which the whole royal navy of England might anchor in safety, and find wood, water, and wild-fowl, sufficient to supply their wants.

3. The ship's cooks boiled no less than 300 wild-fowl this day for the ship's company, as every one was at liberty to eat what he pleased. Several went upon the doctor's lift, more it should seem from gluttony and intemperance than from the effects of the climate.

4. Came to fail, the weather fine, temperate, and the fun shining bright, proceeded with a brisk breeze E. S. E.

5. Con-

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 317

5. Continued the fame course the whole
day and night; the ship's run seven or eight
knots an hour. At noon lat. 57 deg. 11 min.

6. Course East.

7. Course N. W. probably in queft of
Roache's Land.

8. Came in fight of great quantities of fea-weeds. Course N. Sounded, but no ground.

9. Latitude at noon by observation 55 deg.
13 min. Cruising for Roache's Land. Saw
several albatrosses. Course E. in the morning.
In the afternoon ftood to the W. N. W. At
twelve at night ftood N. W. by W.

10. Bore away E. N. E. At five fteered
N. E. Lat. at noon 54 deg. 38 min. Course
E. by N. Saw some fea-weeds, and a gannett.
Course all night E. by N.

11. Still cruising for Roache's Land. Course
E. N. E. Lat. at noon 54 deg. 34 min.

12. Course E. Latitude at noon 54 deg.
25 min. Saw a feal, and fea-weeds. Course
E. by N. half N.

13. Made fail to the S. S. E. At twelve
tacked, and fteered N. N. E. Saw some birds
and fea-weeds.

14. At eight faw fomething like land, or an
island of ice. Saw great numbers of albatrof-
fes, and small grey petterells; three Port Eg-
mont hens, two antarctic birds, and fome pen-
guins, with a variety of other birds; red beaks,
white

318 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

white heads, and yellow feet. Lat. at noon
54 deg. 05 min. At four founded, and found
ground at 18 fathom, muddy bottom. Course
S. by E. Saw the land extending a great way
to the northward of the peak, mistaken in the
morning for an ice island.

15. The weather hazy, attended with fleet
and snow, and excessive cold. Loft fight of
land; but certain to be at no great distance
from it.

16. The land bore East. It appeared amaz-
ingly lofty, mountainous, craggy, and almost
covered with snow. It now seemed to extend
farther to the eastward and southward than
the eye could carry. At twelve bore away
N. N. W. The nearer they approached the
land, the more rugged and craggy it appeared,
differing in nothing from that of Terra del
Fuego on the western side, but in being cover-
ed with snow. At twelve the extremes of the
land were from N. by E. half E. to N. 2 by E.
half E. Latitude 54 deg. 25 min. At three
fleered through a strait or passage three or
four leagues in breadth, between several small
isles and the main. In this passage many
green patches were seen upon the land; and
the greatest part of the sea coast was clear from
snow. While they continued failing to the
North Eastward, the land seemed in that di-
rection to have no end; infomuch that all the
mariners

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 319

mariners on board were overjoyed, imagining
they had now found the Southern-Continent of
which they came in search. Having cleared
the strait, they found E. by N. the land not
above three leagues distant. At nine at night
hove too.

17. At half after three bore away S. E. by E. Wind S. W. At four course E. half S. the land still winding eastward. At seven hauled up S. S. E. seeing a fine bay to cast anchor, founded in 45 fathom water, blue mud, and small stones. At nine hoisted out the large cutter, and went on shore with a stand of co-lours. Latitude 54 deg. S. long. 322 deg. 32 min. E. As soon as they landed, they took possession of the country in the name of their Royal Master, and hoisting an English Jack, fired three volley's of fire-arms, and chriften-ed the country GEORGIA. In this bay they found an excellent harbour, had not the head of it been frozen up. The sea fowl which fwam in the mouth of the harbour were quite tame; but two monsters which lay on the beech were frightfully fierce. They were in their general shape not much unlike the sea lions of Green-Island, but much larger; they killed one of them that measured 18 feet, and every way large in proportion; his head resembled the head of a shark, his eyes were fixed in the upper part of his head, and his pippers were armed

320 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

armed with claws. He was shot with intent to
make a drawing of him. They met with no
interruption from the inhabitants, nor any
thing that could invite their stay. At half af-
ter one the boat returned with the monster on
board, and at two they made fail steering
E. S. E.

From this time till the 7th of February, they
continued coasting this great country without
feeling one inhabitant. They had already run
from New-Zealand to Cape-Horn, mostly in
53 and 54; so that in that direction, this land
cannot extend beyond that line to the north-
ward, how far soever it may run to the south-
ward; nor can it, from the 318th degree of
eastern longitude, to the 360th, run farther to
the northward than the parallel in which it was
first discovered, namely, in 54 S. nor indeed
so far, for Capt. Cooke, quitting this new dif-
covered coast in lat. 58, run in that direction
to the longitude of London, and several de-
grees farther. Whatever therefore its extent
may be, as no doubt it is very great, if we
may be allowed to judge from the astonishing
height of its mountains, there can no part of
it be habitable by Europeans; for as the whole
circuit of the southern hemisphere has now
been navigated in two or three parallels of high
latitude, there can be no place for it within
those parallels. It is not improbable that it
may

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 321

may rife to the northward, from a narrow neck,
and spread as it opens to the southward, to a
vaft extent; but it can never be a country of
any considerable commerce, except, like Hud-
fon's-Bay, for furs, down, and fkins. It is
not, however, likely that it ſhould be deſtitute
of inhabitants, though we do not find that any
were ſeen upon it; nor did the people on board
perceive any ſigns of cultivation, though the
ſhip failed frequently within two or three
leagues of land; it every where appeared rocky
and mountainous; but in some places the
mountains roſe higher than even Mr. Fover,
who had traversed the moſt mountainous parts
of Europe, had ever before beheld. Our jour-
nalift has given a drawing of one, among many
others, which, he ſays, roſe ſeventeen miles
above the horizon, and whole top reached
higher than the clouds. It was ſituated about
the 59th degree of southern latitude, and in
eaſt longitude 330 deg. nearly.

By the course they steered, the shore appears to be very irregular, but in general trending to the south east, as far as the mountains just mentioned, though they coisted it along in almost all directions, from the 14th of January to the 7th of February, when having lost fight of it for two or three days, the weather being piercing cold, and the crew but poorly clad, the captain gave orders to stand

Tt

to

322 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

to the east. It is much to be regretted, that
so little regard is paid by contractors, to the
quality of the articles they furnish, that few of
them are intrinsically worth half what the poor
men are charged for them. In this voyage,
the shoes in particular were so intolerably bad,
that when the rain, snow, or fleet, fell upon
the decks, which either one or the other did
almost every day in this cruise, one might wring
the shoes like a piece of flannel; and they were
of no more service in keeping the feet warm
than if they had been made of woollen rags;
for the least moisture penetrated the very soles.
The reader may judge then how uncomfortable
it must be for poor men to stand for hours
together, with wet feet, in such rigorous climates.

Besides the horrid appearance the different
views of the land exhibited, and the workings, and
bearings of the ship, nothing remarkable hap-
pened in the long cruise, of which we have
been speaking, except that on the third of Fe-
bruary, three or four days before they left the
land, they paffed through a portion of sea, the
water of which was as white as milk; this was
about the 59th degree of latitude, and at no
great distance from the tow'ring mountains al-
ready noticed: They founded, supposing the
ship in shallow water; but found no bottom.
The water, when taken up in a bucket, and
compared with other water, retained none of
its

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 323

its milky colour, but showed in every respect
like the ordinary sea-water. This, however,
is not the first observation of the kind; others
have noticed the like phenomenon.

When the ship took her departure from this
continent, February 7, her longitude was 341
deg. E. and her lat. 58 deg. S. nearly, and on that
day she completed her circuit round the globe,
being then in the longitude of the Cape of
Good Hope, from whence they set out. In
this latitude she continued to fail without any
material deviation till the 15th of February,
when the captain changed the course, steering
a little more to the northward, in search of
Bouvet's-Land, and traveled from the 57th
to the 54th degree, till the 19th, when in latitude
54 deg. they fell in with many signs of
land, but next day all those signs disappeared.
They then bore away E. by N. deviating, however,
in many directions as signs and circumstances arose,
till on the 13th of March, in lat. 41 deg. 57 min. Long. 24 deg. E. they
began to cruise for two islands, said to have
been seen nearly in that situation; but, not
failing, they continued their course to the
Cape of Good-Hope. In their way, however,
a quarrel arose between three of the principal
officers, and the ship's cooks, which was not reconciled without very serious consequences.
Those three gentlemen, upon some occasion or

T t 2

other,

324 CAPT. COOKE's SECOND VOYAGE

other, entered the cook-room with naked knives,
and with oaths, unbecoming their character,
fwore they would take away the lives of the
firſt who dared to affront them. It ſeems they
had formerly met with ſome rebuffs for too
much frequenting the cook's apartments,
which had hitherto paffed in joke; but now
a regular complaint was laid before the cap-
tain, of their unwarrantable behaviour, and of
the danger the men were in of their lives;
into which complaint the captain was under
the neceſſity of enquiring; and, upon finding
it juſt, of confining the offenders in irons.
While they were in this ſituation, the articles
of war being read, it was found that the of-
fence was of ſuch a nature as hardly to be
determined without reference to a court mar-
tial, in order to which the two who appeared
moſt culpable, were continued prifoners upon
parole, and the third cleared.

In a day or two after this buſineſs had en-
groſſed the captain's attention, he called the
ſhip's crew together, and, after recounting the
particulars of the voyage, the hardſhips they
had met with, the fatigues they had undergone,
and the chearfulneſs which they had ſhewn in
the diſcharge of their duty; he gave them to
underſtand, how much more it would recom-
mend them to the notice of the Lords Com-
missioners of the Admiralty, if they would pre-
ſerve

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.

serve a profound silence in the ports they had
yet to pass, with regard to the courtes they had
steered, and the discoveries they had made,
and after their return home till they had receiv-
ed permission so to do; requiring at the fame
time, all those officers who had kept journals
to deliver them into his custody, to be fealed
up in a chest, not to be opened till delivered
to their lordships at the proper office. This
requeft was chearfully complied with by every
commissioned officer: but some who had kept
memorials merely by way of exercife, and to
qualify themselves for future preferment, not
thinking their performances perfect enough to
be laid before personages of such distinguished
rank, reserved their labours to gratify the cu-
riosity of their friends. Of this kind is the
journal now submitted to the public, which,
however defective in point of intelligence, is
true in what relates to the conduct of the
voyage throughout. It were of little moment
to acquaint the reader with the reasons which
prevailed with the journalist to suffer his firſt
imperfect effay to fall into the hands of a
bookseller; let it suffice to assure him, that the
facts are true, how uncourtly fooner they may
be expreſſed.

They had now been near 40 days in their
passage from Georgia to the Cape of Good
Hope without seeing land; and before they
arrived on the coast of Africa they fell in with

two

326 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

two ships standing W. S. W. without being able to speak with either. This was on the 15th of March 1775.

On the 16th they came in fight of land, but at a great distance.

On the 17th, five fail came in fight, and one catching a breeze, bore down to hail them. They hoisted out the great cutter, and sent an officer on board for news; who, upon his return, brought the melancholy account of the boat's crew of the Adventure being killed and eaten by the cannibals of New Zealand. The ship from which they received this intelligence was a Dutch Eaft-Indiaman from Bengal, who upon being told that they had been in no European port since November 1772, offered them whatever they stood in need of, either for repairs or refreshments: but being in no immediate want, they very politely declined the obligation. This day was Friday with the Dutchman, but Saturday with our navigators, having gained a day by running to the eastward. The land they first made proved Cape Legullas.

On the 18th they spoke with an English ship, the Free Briton, Capt. Norton, from China. She had been fourteen or fifteen months out, and gave an account, which, however, was not true, that the Aurora's people had risen and killed the captain, officers, and superintendants, and that they had turned pirates, and had taken two Dutch ships of

confi-

TO THE SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE. 327

confiderable value; that several Indiamen had
been loft, one in particular on the inland of
Johanna, part of whose crew they had on
board; and that two or three king's ships that
failed from India were on their return home.

In their paflage from Cape Legullas to
Table-bay they met with several heavy gales,
in which their mafts, fails, and rigging, being
much decayed, suffered confiderably.

On the 20th they came in fight of Table-
Land, on which day the captain was pleafed
to forgive the officers under arreft, upon their
fubmission.

On the 21st they moored ship in Table-bay,
in fight of many ships of different nations,
where they soon heard the deplorable story of
the Adventure's boats crew confirmed, with
the addition of a false report of the lofs of a
French ship upon the fame inland, with the
total destruction of the captain and crew, pro-
pagated, no doubt, by the Adventure's people,
to render an act of savage barbarity that hard-
ly would admit of aggravation till more horrible.

Here they ftaid till April the 27th to repair
the ship and recruit their ftores; and in the
mean time the captain wrote letters to the
Admiralty, with an account of their proceed-
ings, and safe arrival at the Cape, which were
fent home, together with the journals of the
officers, by the Ceres Indiaman, who arrived
in England on the third of July laft.

At

328 CAPT. COOKE'S SECOND VOYAGE

At the Cape, the curiosity of all nations was excited to learn the successes of their discoveries, and in proportion to the earneſtneſs of the folliicitations, wherewith the common men were preſſed, by foreign inquiſitors, they took care to gratify them with wonderful relations. Hence many ſtrange ſtories were circulated abroad, before it was known at home, whether the ſhip had perſhed at ſea, or was upon her return to Europe.

The captain, however, loſt no time in putting all things in a condition to complete the voyage; and the Dutton-Indiaman being in readineſs to put to ſea, they took their departure together on the 27th of April, as has already been faid. On the 15th of May they arrived at St. Helena; on the 21st they again proceeded in company, but parted at Ascension the 28th, the Reſolution having touched there, to take in turtle, while the Dutton continued her courſe. On the 11th of June they croſſed the line; on the 14th of July they anchored at Fyal, one of the Western ſles; and on the 31st of July 1775, arrived at Spithead; all in good health, having loſt only one man by fickneſs, and three by accidents, in all this long and hazardous voyage.

F I N I S.