signed last August

WILLIAM F. BUCKLEY JR.

# Lost: Any Sense of Moral Mission

PEKING—In what one de-
voutly hopes will be the last
toast ever offered by a Presi-
dent of the United States to
Chairman Mao and Premier
Chou, Richard Nixon said, gid-
dily, "This was the week that
changed the world."

For once he was not trafficking in hyperbole. It was surely such a week, and it was evident from the strain on the face of Henry Kissinger when he presented himself for questions after the communique was issued, that he also understood it. Those who know Mr. Kissinger and his work are entitled to surmise that the whole China adventure settles now in his mind as nightmare.

Here is what the Chinese gave up:

1—They consented to traffic with representatives of the government of the United States even though the United States still recognizes the government of Taiwan.

2—They performed routine rhetorical exercises on the theme of world peace, and national sovereignty, thereby disappointing a few Berkeley sophomores and African purists who believed that Maoism would never equivocate on the primality of its international revolutionary mission.

When the New York Times' reporter asked Mr. Kissinger,

## Stolen Paintings Are Recovered

VENICE, Italy (AP) Po-
lice yesterday recovered al-
most $2 million worth of paint-
ings stolen from Venetian mu-
seums and the famed collec-
tion of Peggy Guggenheim,
American art patron.

Police said the thieves, sur-
prised while loading the 61 val-
uable paintings into an auto-
mobile, escaped by fleeing out
to sea in a motorboat.

The most valuable canvass-
es were 17 works of modern
painters taken last Dec. 16
from the Peggy Guggenheim
collection in a Venice palace.
They were valued at $1.72 mil-
lion.

The 44 other paintings, sto-
len recently from two other
city-owned galleries of modern
art, were valued at $172,000.

what has the United States ac-
complished that wasn't accom-
plished by ping pong, Mr. Kiss-
singer, nettled, rattled off
Chinese obeisances to the good
international life. He might as
well have cited the Soviet Un-
ion's guarantees as described
in its constitution.

Here is what the United
States gave up:

1—With all the world poised
to consider one point above
all, namely the integrity of the
United States' commitment to
Taiwan, he issued a commu-
nique in which the Red
Chinese asserted and re-
asserted their absolute right to
conquer Taiwan, while we ut-
tered not one word on the sub-
ject of our defense treaty, not
one word on the applicability
of our principles of self-
government and independence
to the people of Taiwan.

That staggering capitula-
tion, for all that Kissinger
sought to distract from it by
citing President Nixon's world
tion, for all that Kissinger
sought to distract from it by
citing President Nixon's world
report which reaffirms our de-
fense treaty with Taiwan, is
the salient datum in the week
that changed the world.

All of Asia will understand
that whatever the mandarin
niceties of the President's
world report, at the crunch he
didn't dare risk a social
breach in Peking and its impli-
cations, merely to reassure
the people and the government
of Taiwan — not withstanding
that on announcing last sum-
mer that he would come to
China, Mr. Nixon guaranteed
that he would not jeopardize
the best interests of our
"friends."

Since uttering those words,
Mr. Nixon has seen the expul-
sion of Taiwan from the Unit-
ed Nations, and now the expul-
sion of Taiwan from the presi-
dential catalog of nations in
Asia whose independence he is
prepared to affirm while in
China.

2 — We have lost — irre-
trievably — any sense of mor-
al mission in the world. Mr.
Nixon's appetite for a summit
conference in Peking trans-
formed the affair from a
meeting of diplomatic techni-
cians concerned to examine
and illuminate areas of com-
mon interest, into a pageant of
moral togetherness at which
Mr. Nixon managed to give

the impression that he was
consorting with Marlan Ander-
son, Billy Graham and Albert
Schweitzer.

Once he decided to come
here himself, it was very near-
ly inevitable that this should
happen. Granted, if it had
been Theodore Roosevelt, the
distinctions might have been
preserved. But it is important
to remember about Mr. Nixon
that he is so much the moral
enthusiast that he alchemizes
the requirements of diplomacy
into the coin of ethics. That is
why he toasted the bloodiest
incumbent chief of state in the
world in accents most of us
would reserve for Florence
Nightingale.

3 — Mr. Nixon has almost certainly adjusted American politics in such a way as to compell almost the whole of the democratic party to the position that we need to dump Taiwan. Previously, that had been an aberration of Sen. George McGovern.

A few days ago, in the spirit
of Peking, Sen. Fulbright took
it up. Now, in the communique
midwifed by Richard Nixon,
the Chinese list the independ-
ence of Taiwan as the princi-
pal obstacle to the "normaliza-
tion" of relations between Chi-
na and the United States (as if
our normal relations with the
Soviet Union had done any-
thing for the peace and free-
dom of the world).

And Richard Nixon, by his
heroic actions of the past
week, clearly puts normaliza-
tion as the highest objective.
The analytical deduction will
necessarily occur to Demo-
cratic presidential candidates,
and the arguments will have
been made for them by Rich-
ard Nixon. All of this might
take a few years to transact,
in America. But in Asia, they
will have received the signal.

They will have got it by the
time these words are printed.
Mr. Kissinger spoke today
about the Peking summit" in
terms of the direction to which
it seeks to point," and of "the
basic objective" of setting "in
motion a train of events and
an evolution in the policy of
our two countries." That was
brilliantly accomplished. We
should certainly know, by now,
the direction in which we are
headed. No wonder that they
are toasting here, with in-
creasing ardor, the health of
Richard Nixon.

“Sellout” of Taiwan?

WASH. POST

29 FEB. 1972

Already it appears that President Nixon, of all people, will have to defend himself against the charge that in Peking he somehow sold out Taiwan. The basis of the charge seems to be that in the joint communique released in Shanghai, he did not re-iterate the American treaty commitment to Taiwan, even while he pledged to withdraw all American forces and military installations from Chiang Kai-shek's island redoubt. Regular readers of this page know that we have had our reservations about the Peking summit. The charge that the communique presages the abandoning of Taiwan to a Communist onslaught, however, strikes us as insupportable. There may be other questions to raise-of these, more in time-but hardly this one.

Would Premier Chou En-lai have signed a document in which the United States asserted a commitment to defend against Peking's "armed attack" a government which Peking regards as an interloper on territory of its own? Of course not. In a news conference in Shanghai, however, Henry Kissinger, the President's chief adviser, said: "We stated our basic position with respect to this issue in the President's world report in which we say that this treaty will be maintained. Nothing has changed on that position."

In that report, Mr. Nixon said: "With the Republic of China, we shall maintain our friendship, our diplomatic ties, and our defense commitment." If it is contradictory for him ot seek improved ties with Peking and at the same time to maintain a treaty commitment to Taiwan, then it is a contradiction which Peking is ready to accept in the interim for other reasons-mostly anti-Soviet reasons -of its own.

Look closely at the allegation that, by finally acknowledging publicly and unequivocally that "there is but one China and that Taiwan is a part of China," Mr. Nixon has undermined Chiang Kai-shek. On the contrary, this has been Chiang's (as well as Mao's) contention all along. Logic may some day demand that the United States grant one or the other's claim to represent that "one China." Politics tolerates, at least for now, the compromise - suspended judgment-which Mr. Nixon has just struck.

Look closely, too, at President Nixon's pledge in
the Shanghai communique to withdraw American

forces from Taiwan. He described withdrawal as an
"ultimate objective"-no timetable, no tie to any
other event-and said it was being pledged with the
prospect of a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan
question by the Chinese themselves in mind. "In the
meantime," forces will be reduced, he went on, "as
the tension in the area diminishes." The context and
Mr. Kissinger's later comment made plain that
Washington alone will be the judge of whether
"tension in the area" diminishes; moreover, that
"area" involves "the general state of relationships
in Asia and in the world."

Then, the United States has never promised to
keep troops and run bases in Taiwan, only to help
to defend it ("in accordance with its constitutional
processes") against "armed attack." Article VII of
the U.S.-Taiwan mutual defense treaty, written in
1954, gave Washington "the right to dispose such
United States land, air and sea forces in and about
Taiwan and the Pescadores as may be required for
their defense." But, Secretary of State Dulles told
the President and Senate, Article VII "does not
make such disposition automatic or mandatory."
Reporting out the treaty, the Senate's Foreign Re-
lations Committee added: "We are free to station
forces or not, as circumstances may indicate."

As it is, until the Vietnam war there were never
more than a few hundred American personnel on
Taiwan, the low number reflecting an American
consensus that no Communist attack was likely.
Some 9,000 or so extra Americans were sent there
to support operations in Vietnam; their ranks had
already begun to be thinned as requirements in Viet-
nam diminished. Having previously celebrated that
thinout as proof of the success of Vietnamization
and as evidence of the Nixon Doctrine at work, the
Nixon administration is now giving it a third outing,
this time as a gesture of accommodation to Peking.

In all, we see no substantial grounds for any
charge that Mr. Nixon is abandoning Taiwan. The
striking fact is that 'China was willing to receive
him *without* securing a firm American pledge on
withdrawal; this lapse we attribute chiefly to Pe-
king's wish to warm relations with Washington in
order to stand off far harsher pressures from Mos-
cow. If anyone is to suffer politically for the com-
munique's statements on Taiwan, we suspect it will
be Chou En-lai.

THE NEW YORK TIMES

MARCH 1, 1972

FOR THURSDAY, MARCH 2, 1972

# Mr. Nixon's Finest Hour

By JAMES RESTON

WASHINGTON, Feb. 29—When the history of the Nixon Administration is finally written, the chances are that his China policy will stand out as a model of common sense and good diplomacy.

For the moment, he is being criticized for giving away too much on Taiwan, for troubling the Japanese and the Soviets, and for playing politics with the great issues of war and peace; but in the larger perspectives of history, these are likely to be seen as secondary issues.

The main thing is that he personally identified one of the great problems of American foreign policy—the isolation and hostility of China—and by over three years of patient effort, brought it to an end.

He has not settled anything with China, and he has undoubtedly unsettled a lot of things in Tokyo and Moscow along the way, but he will be going to Moscow in late May and no doubt to Tokyo later in the summer, and if he handles his problems there as well as he did in Peking, the atmosphere of world politics should be a little better by the end of the year.

If you assume that the cold war is a permanent condition of life—as many intelligent and sincere men and women do—it is easy to condemn Mr. Nixon's opening to China and Chancellor Willy Brandt's opening to the Soviet Union; but Nixon and Brandt are trying to dismantle the cold war and go on from there to a more dependable world order. And even if they fail, which is quite possible, the historians of the future are likely to praise them for trying.

Moscow is suspicious of the President's China trip, for the Peking mission has dramatized China's emergence on the world scene and suggests that the United States is playing the old British game of throwing its influence, if not its power, on the side of the weaker nation — specifically China, Moscow's ideological adversary.

If this is what the men in the Kremlin think, they are probably right, for Mr. Nixon undoubtedly is playing bal-

ance-of-power politics in Asia as his predecessors since the last war did in Europe. He is arguing against the domination of the Pacific basin by any nation, the United States and the Soviet Union included, and to create a new order in Asia, he needs at a minimum, not only the absence of war, but the cooperation of all the major Asian powers, Russia, Japan, China.

It is going to take a lot of time even to explore the possibilities of such a Pacific system, and he has completed only the first phase of his journey. He has to visit both Tokyo and Moscow before his purpose is made clear.

No doubt he has made some tactical blunders enroute to Peking. By sending Dr. Kissinger to China last summer and autumn, he virtually assured the expulsion of Nationalist China from the United Nations. By worrying too much about "leaks," he kept that mission secret from Japan and embarrassed the Sato Government.

But on its postwar record of aid to Japan, which is surely unprecedented in the relations between victorious and defeated nations, the United States is entitled to have a little more time and confidence from Japan while it tries to work out some accommodation with Peking, which is essential to any new order in the Pacific, and with Taiwan, which is not.

Mr. Nixon's report on the China trip from planeside when he returned to Washington tried to put these questions in some perspective. He dropped the exaggerated talk about the "week that changed the world" and talked common sense for a change.

There was no pretense this time that anything fundamental had been settled in China. The differences were conceded and defined. The deadlocks on Taiwan and Vietnam, and the ideological conflicts over aggression and liberty were stated clearly and the difficulties ahead were acknowledged.

Mr. Nixon even admitted that such candor at the summit of world politics was "unique." "This communiqué," he said, "was unique in honestly setting forth differences rather than trying to cover them up with diplomatic double-talk."

If the Peking trip did nothing more than reopen communication and introduce some plain and civil talk between Washington and Peking, it would have been worthwhile. But it did more than that. It cut away some of the illusions of the past generation, which have contributed to both the Korean and Vietnam wars. It cast at least some doubt on the Chinese conviction that the American armies in Korea and Vietnam were aiming at the destruction of the Peking regime, and on the American fear that China was seeking to expand its authority all over East Asia and Southeast Asia.

It did not remove the Chinese anxiety over the rising military power of the Soviet Union and the expanding economic power of Japan, but it must have reduced the fear that the United States was planning to detach Taiwan from China and use it as a military base on China's southern flank.

None of this would have happened without President Nixon's personal initiative in reaching out to China over the last three years, despite his own anti-Communist record and the opposition of powerful elements within his own party. He has shown foresight, courage and negotiating skill. He has changed his direction, his policy and the tone of his diplomacy, and there are few people in this capital today who don't welcome the change.

First Line Report

March 2, 1972

With Marvin Kalb

MR. KALB: Some of America's Asian allies are
nervous, especially the Japanese.

(Announcement)

MR. KALB: Shortly before the President left
Shanghai this past Monday, he chaired a meeting with
Secretary of State Rogers, White House adviser Henry
Kissinger, Assistant Secretary Marshall Green and a few
other top officials. The idea was to agree on what Green
would tell America's Asian allies about the President's
shattering China trip. What he would tell them would thus
have the thump of Presidential approval. Theoretically,
that would satisfy the allies.

Green's first stop was Japan. Then on to South
Korea, today to Taiwan, where a frosty reception is likely,
then on to the Philippines, South Vietnam, Cambodia,
Laos, Thailand, Indonesia, Australia and New Zealand.
But of them all, with the possible exception of South
Vietnam, the most significant worrier is Japan.

After nuclear bombing the Japanese twice in the
final days of World War II, the Americans threw a gigantic
nuclear umbrella over this island nation, protecting Japan
from real or imagined enemies and providing her with the
extraordinary opportunity to develop her industrial capacity.
That opportunity she seized.

Now Japan is the third most powerful industrial
nation on earth. She may become the second, overtaking
Russia. She is debating a somewhat larger defense budget
for next year, but the defense part of her budget is quite
small and State Department experts believe Japan has no
real interest in becoming a major military power once again.
What after all has military power done for the United States?
Provides security of course, but provides problems, too,
such as Vietnam and many Japanese ask, "Who needs problems
such as Vietnam."

The fact is up until last year, Japan prospered
snugly under America's nuclear umbrella, then Japan experienced
a number of rude shocks, starting with the President's

- 2 -

For the Communist cadres down the line throughout
that vast country, this political switch is going to be
hard to explain and to justify. The process began when the
Chinese press published Mao Tse-tung's picture with Mr. Nixon.
Just as the President returned to Washington the other night
to the applause of about 5,000 American official and
diplomats, so too did Chou En-lai return to Peking yesterday
to the applause of about 5,000 Chinese officials. No diplomats.
The boost for Chou was apparently necessary. The boost
for Chou's meetings with Nixon considered necessary too.

Chou apparently paid a price for the Nixon visit.
The picture of him, Mao's picture too with the President,
must have damaged Chinese relations with North Korea and
North Vietnam. In the communique there was no sign that
Chou had succeeded in persuading the President to change his
Vietnam policy. In fact, during the Peking talks, American
bombing of Communist possession continued.

There was also no sign in the communique that
Chou got more than a very general Nixon promise to pull
American troops out of Taiwan. Hard line radicals who led
China through the cultural revolution, some of whom are
still in evidence, these radicals might have expected Chou
to get more out of the President than he in fact did.

These are no doubt negative considerations as
Chou En-lai must bear in mind as he tries to sell the
new America policy to the Chinese cadres and people, but
like the President, Chou too gained. He ratified in a way
the American military pull back from China's borders and
he gained great leverage over Russia. In Peking he must
be accenting the positive just as the President is doing
here.

END

First Line Report

March 1, 1972

With Marvin Kalb

MR. KALB: If the President paid a big price for his visit to China, as many conservatives here charge, then the Chinese might have paid a big price, too. No big deal in diplomacy is free of charge for either side. That story in one minute.

(Announcement)

MR. KALB: Columnist William Buckley wasted no time. No sooner was he off the press plane from China then he was on a domestic flight to Manchester, New Hampshire. He went there to boost the rather emaciated Presidential prospects of Congressman John Ashbrook, a Republican from Ohio, who was running on the notion that Richard Nixon of all people is swinging the country too far to the left.

Buckley latest bit of evidence is the President's China trip. It was a sell out in principle, the columnist charges, a handing over of Taiwan to the Chinese Communists.

The President, aware of this kind of criticism, said on his return that there have been no secret deals and there have been no scuttling of the defense treaty with Taiwan. Despite the fact that the communique released in Shanghai last Sunday proclaimed Taiwan to be a part of China, which is what Peking has always maintained and promised the ultimate withdrawal of all American troops and installations from Taiwan, which is what Peking has always wanted.

In addition, the President received Congressional leadership today and made roughly the same point. No sell out, no deals, no giveaways. And yet the political mumbling continues. None of this mumbling is heard from China, but that does not mean Premier Chou En-lai is immune to political criticism, especially of his decision, warmly supported by Communist Chairman Mao Tse-tung, to receive President Nixon in China.

After a fantastically severe attack on the President and his policies and his country for many years, Chou suddenly switched signals. Not only receiving Mr. Nixon, but dining with him and giving, for China anyway, enormous press coverage.

- 2 -

July 15th announcement that he would be visiting China. Then
the August 15th shock of the economic one, which led to a
revaluation of the Japanese yen currency and a devaluation
of the American dollar.

And then this past week, the visit itself to China.

Immediately thereafter, the Marshall Green visit to
Japan to reassure people there that the China visit would be
to everyone's advantage, Japan's and America's.

Well, not all Japanese appear to have been reassured.
Green stuck closely to his brief and the Japanese wanted more.
They still do apparently and that is one reason why Dr. Henry
Kissinger might be visiting Japan next month. The idea arose
in early January when Prime Minister Sato raised the notion
of a Kissinger visit during his talk at San Clemente with the
President. Kissinger could deliver a speech, the Japanese
Prime Minister said. But until the President's China trip,
the idea rested on the Administration's back burner. Now it is
up front and it is possible that Kissinger may visit other
Asian countries, too. Not only Japan. South Vietnam has been
mentioned as one real possibility.

If it in fact proves to be necessary for Kissinger
to go to Asia so soon after the Marshall Green handholding
exercise, then it will be another indication of Kissinger's
enormous influence in power. It will also be another
indication of Japan's enormous nervousness and uncertainty.

No one wants an angry, inward looking and neutral
Japan. It is in no one's interest.

END

FBIS-CHI-72-48-7

DAILY REPORT

People's Republic of China

SPECIAL REPORT: PRESIDENT NIXON'S VISIT TO CHINA

(21-28 February 1972)

9 March 1972

No 48 Supp 7

NOTE

This publication contains current information on developments in the area concerned, and from area source media on developments in other areas, as reported from foreign broadcasts, news agency transmissions, newspapers, and periodicals. Items are processed from the first or best available source; it should not be inferred that they have been disseminated only in the medium, in the language, or to the area indicated. Items from foreign-language sources are translated by FBIS. Those from English-language sources are merely transcribed, with the original phrasing and other characteristics retained.

The labels "Text," "Excerpts," and "Summary," appearing in brackets "[ ]" on the first line of the body of an item denote treatment of the item by FBIS. Thus [Text] indicates the complete rendering of an item as presented by the source; [Excerpts] indicates the selection of textual portions; [Summary] indicates an abridged paraphrase but may include textual portions enclosed in quotation marks. A "Brief" is an abbreviated format which may be employed for the concise presentation of materials processed by any of the methods described above.

Headlines, bracketed words or notes, and editorial reports are composed by FBIS. Names rendered phonetically or in transliteration are enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a question mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clearly heard but have been supplied as appropriate to the context. Other unattributed parenthetical notes within the body of an item originate with the source. Ellipses or incomplete sentences originating with the source are indicated by a series of periods. Times within items are given by the source.

When FBIS is cited, it should be in a manner clearly identifying it as the secondary source, that is, the primary source should be cited as well. For example: "FBIS reports that Radio Moscow announced..." or "FBIS has monitored a broadcast from Hanoi which says..." or "TASS, according to FBIS, reported on 20 April that..."

Publication of an item in this report does not imply U.S. Government support for the opinion it expresses.

For subscription information see inside back cover.

1

DR KISSINGER'S JULY 1971 TRIP TO PRC--TALKS WITH PREMIER

President Accepts Invitation

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0228 GMT 16 Jul 71 B

[Text] Peking, July 16 (HSINHUA)--Announcement

Premier Chou En-lai and Dr Henry Kissinger, President Nixon's assistant for national security affairs, held talks in Peking from July 9 to 11, 1971.

Knowing of President Nixon's expressed desire to visit the People's Republic of China, Premier Chou En-lai, on behalf of the Government of the People's Republic of China, has extended an invitation to President Nixon to visit China at an appropriate date before May 1972. President Nixon has accepted this invitation with pleasure.

The meeting between the leaders of China and the United States is to seek the normalization of relations between the two countries and also to exchange views on questions of concern to the two sides.

DR KISSINGER'S OCTOBER 1971 TRIP TO PRC--MAKES ARRANGEMENTS

Pre-Arrival Announcement

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1400 GMT 5 Oct 71 B

[Text] Peking, October 5 (HSINHUA)--The Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United States of America have agreed that Dr Kissinger will visit Peking in the latter part of October for talks with the Chinese Government to make concrete arrangements for President Nixon's visit to China.

Arrives in Capital

Peking NCNA Domestic Service in Chinese 1206 GMT 20 Oct 71 B

[Text] Peking, 20 October--Dr Kissinger and his party, totaling 14 people, who will make concrete arrangements for U.S. President Nixon's visit to China, arrived in Peking at noon today by special plane. Greeting them at the airport were Yeh Chien-ying, Chi Peng-fei, Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Han Hsu, Ma Jen-hui, Wang Hsiao-i, Chien Ta-yung, and others.

Chang Wen-chin, Wang Hai-jung, Tang Wen-sheng, and others made a special trip to Shanghai to greet and accompany them to Peking.

When Dr Kissinger and party passed through Shanghai this morning, Feng Kuo-chu, member of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, greeted them at the airport.

Confers With Chou, Others

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1729 GMT 20 Oct 71 B

[Text] Peking, October 20 (HSINHUA)--Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission, and Chi Peng-fei, acting foreign minister, held talks here this afternoon with Dr Henry A. Kissinger, assistant for national security affairs to the President of the United States.

2

Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were: Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Wang Hai-jung, Han Hsu, Chien Ta-yung, Chi Chao-chu, Tang Wen-sheng, Chang Han-chih, Kuo Chia-ting and Lien Cheng-pao.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were: Brigadier General James D. Hughes, Dwight L. Chapin, Alfred S. Jenkins, John H. Holdridge, Winston Lord, Commander Jonathan T. Howe, Miss Dianne C. Matthews and Miss Julienne L. Pineau.

After the talks, Chou En-lai, Yeh Chien-ying and Chi Peng-fei gave a banquet to entertain Dr Kissinger and his party.

## Departs for Home

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1319 GMT 26 Oct 71 B

[Text] Peking, October 26 (HSINHUA)--Dr Henry A. Kissinger and his party of thirteen members, who had come here to make concrete arrangements for the visit to China of President Nixon of the United States, left Peking for home today via Shanghai after concluding talks with the Chinese Government.

Seeing them off at the airport were Yeh Chien-ying, Chi Peng-fei, Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Wang Hai-jung, Chen Chu, Ma Jen-hui, Chang Jui-ai, Liu Cheng-ching, Wang Hsiao-i, Chien Ta-yung, Chi Chao-chu, Tang Wen-sheng, Shen Jo-yun and Chang Han-chih. Han Hsu, acting director of the Protocol Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, accompanied them to Shanghai.

During intervals between the talks with the Chinese side, Dr Kissinger and his party visited various places, went sightseeing and attended a theatrical performance in Peking.

## Announcement on Talks With Chou

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2000 GMT 27 Oct 71 B

[Text] Peking, October 28 (HSINHUA)--Announcement

Premier Chou En-lai and Dr Henry Kissinger, President Nixon's assistant for national security affairs, held talks in Peking from October 20 to 26, 1971 in order to make concrete arrangements for President Nixon's visit to China.

These arrangements are proceeding well. It is expected that another announcement concerning President Nixon's visit will be issued in the near future.

## PRELIMINARIES--ADVANCE PARTY, SOONG CHING-LING ARTICLE

## Visit Date Announced

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2059 GMT 29 Nov 71 B

[Text] Peking, November 30 (HSINHUA)--Announcement

The Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United States of America have agreed that President Nixon's visit to China shall begin on February 21, 1972.

3

Haig Advance Party Coming

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2102 GMT 26 Dec 71 B

[Text] Peking, December 29 (HSINHUA)--Announcement

The Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United
States of America have agreed that an advance party headed by Brigadier General
Alexander M. Haig, deputy assistant to the U.S. President for national security affairs,
will visit China beginning January 3, 1972, to make technical arrangements for
President Nixon's visit to China.

Haig Party Arrives in Peking

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2019 GMT 3 Jan 72 B

[Text] Peking, January 3, 1972 (HSINHUA)--An 18-member advance party headed by Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig, deputy assistant to the U.S. President for national security affairs, arrived in Peking by special plane this afternoon to make technical arrangements for President Nixon's visit to China.

Members of the advance party include Ronald L. Ziegler, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Brigadier General Brent Scowcroft, Brigadier General Albert Redman Jr., Ronald H. Walker, Timothy G. Elbourne, Michael R. Schrauth, Lt Col Chester P. Ward, Lt Col Vernon C. Coffey, Lt Col Paul Hall, Major Fred W. Swift, Wilson Livingood, Dennis P. Shaw, Mrs Muriel L. Hartley, YNCM William F. Cuff, and Mrs Nell Yates.

Present at the airport to greet them were leading members of Chinese Government de-
partments concerned, including Li Yao-wen, Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Yang Te-chung,
Ma Jen-hui, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Peng Ti, Liu Cheng-ching, Liu Yuan,
Chang Jui-ai, Wang Hsiao-i and Jen Chi-sheng.

Chang Wen-chin, Chu Chuan-hsien, Chang Han-chih and Hsu Tsung-hsi went to Shanghai to
accompany them to Peking.

Acting Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei this evening met and feted Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig and his party, technical advisers, and crew members of the special plane. Leading members and staff members of Chinese Government departments concerned were present at the meeting and banquet.

When Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig and his party stopped over in Shanghai today,
they were met and seen off at the airport by Chang Chen-ya, a leading member of the
Foreign Affairs Department of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and
others.

Confers With Acting Foreign Minister

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1954 GMT 4 Jan 72 B

[Text] Peking, January 4, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chinese Acting Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei held talks here this morning with Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig, deputy assistant to the U.S. President for national security affairs.

4

Attending the talks on the U.S. side were Ronald L. Ziegler, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Brigadier General Brent Scowcroft, Brigadier General Albert Redman, Jr, Ronald H. Walker, Timothy G. Elbourne, Wilson Livingood, Michael R. Schrauth, Lt Col Vernon C. Coffey, Major Fred W. Swift, Dennis P. Shaw and YNCM William F. Cuff.

Attending the talks on the Chinese side were Li Yao-wen, Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Peng Ti, Liu Cheng-ching, Liu Yuan, Chang Jui-ai, Jen Chi-sheng, Chien Ta-yung, Chang Han-chih, Shen Jo-yun and Hu Feng-hsien.

## Meets Chou, Yeh Chien-ying

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1552 GMT 6 Jan 72 B

[Text] Peking, January 6, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, and Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission, this evening met members of the advance party headed by Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig, deputy assistant to the U.S. President for national security affairs, as well as technical advisers and the crew of the special plane. The advance party has come to make technical arrangements for President Nixon's visit to China.

During the meeting Premier Chou En-lai and Vice Chairman Yeh Chien-ying had a conversation with Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig and others.

Also taking part in the conversation were members of the advance party: Ronald L. Ziegler, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Brigadier General Brent Scowcroft, Brigadier General Albert Redman, Jr, Ronald H. Walker, Timothy G. Elbourne, Michael R. Schrauth, Lt Col Chester P. Ward, Lt Col Vernon C. Coffey, Lt Col Paul Hall, Major Fred W. Swift, Wilson Livingood, Dennis P. Shaw, Mrs Muriel L. Hartley and Mrs Nell Yates.

Present were leading members and staff members of Chinese departments concerned Li Yao-wen, Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Kao Fu-yu, Peng Hua, Chang Ying, Peng Ti, Liu Cheng-ching, Liu Yuan, Chang Jui-ai, Jen Chi-sheng, Wang Hsiao-i, Chien Ta-yung, Chang Han-chih, Tang Wen-sheng, Shen Jo-yu, Lien Cheng-pao and Hu Feng-hsien.

## Departs Shanghai for Home

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2122 GMT 10 Jan 72 B

[Text] Peking, January 10, 1972 (HSINHUA)--The advance party led by Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig, deputy assistant to the U.S. President for national security affairs, wound up technical arrangements for President Nixon's visit to China and a tour of Peking, Shanghai and Hangchow, and left Shanghai for home by special plane this afternoon.

When Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig and his party left Peking for Shanghai and Hangchow on January 7, they were seen off at the airport by leading members of Chinese Government departments concerned, including Li Yao-wen, Yang Te-chung, Chang Wen-chin, Wang Hai-jung, Kao Fu-yu, Chang Ying, Peng Ti, Liu Cheng-ching, Chang Jui-ai, Jen Chi-sheng, Chu Chuan-hsien, Tang Wen-sheng and Shen Jo-yun.

Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Ma Jen-hui, Han Hsu, Peng Hua, Liu Yuan, Wang Hsiao-i, Chang Han-chih, and other leading members of Chinese departments concerned accompanied Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig and his party to Shanghai and Hangchow.

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In Shanghai, the American guests were received by Wang Hung-wen and Hsu Ching-hsien, vice chairmen of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and leading members of departments concerned, including Feng Kuo-chu and Chang Chen-ya, who gave a banquet in their honor. They also saw theatrical performances.

In Hangchow, they were received by Lai Ko-ko, vice chairman of the Chekiang Provincial Revolutionary Committee, and Chou Wen-chiang, Yang Chia-chun and Fang Ming, leading members of provincial departments concerned, who gave a banquet in their honor.

During their stay in Peking, the American guests visited a factory, a people's commune and a hospital, and toured the Palace Museum and the Great Wall. While in Shanghai, they saw the Shanghai Industrial Exhibition and the Children's Palace. In Hangchow they did sightseeing on the scenic West Lake and at places of historical interest.

Upon their departure from Shanghai, Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig and his party were seen off at the airport by leading members of Chinese Government departments concerned who had accompanied them on their tour from Peking, and leading members of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee.

## Soong Article in CHINA RECONSTRUCTS

Peking CHINA RECONSTRUCTS in English Jan 72 V

[Article by Soong Ching-ling [Mme Sun Yat-sen]: "The Beginning of a New Era"--lead article in magazine]

[Text] The announced visit of the U.S. President to Peking has aroused excitement throughout the entire world. During the Korean war he urged the bombing of China, but now he is ready to open a dialogue with the Chinese leaders. A year before his election President Nixon asserted in an article: "Any American policy toward Asia must come urgently to grips with the reality of China." The reality of China during the past 20 years has brought about his new realization, and this must be true for many others. What then is the reality of China?

In brief it is this: During the past 22 years the Chinese Communist Party, a party whose deeds are true to its words, has led the people of China in building up a socialist state worthy of the name of People's Republic; moreover, the Chinese people are now fighting shoulder-to-shoulder with the other peoples abroad--we are supporting each other in heroic efforts to bring about peace and prosperity. A new era, the era of the people, is being initiated.

Twenty years ago, at a time when this magazine--CHINA RECONSTRUCTS--was first published, people in China were devoting their efforts to aiding Korea and resisting U.S. aggression, to rehabilitating the national economy, to distributing agricultural lands and establishing a system of apportioning housing, grain and cotton for cloth, all on the general principle of equality. Then they carried out the socialist transformation of industry, agriculture and handicrafts. In the realm of production, banking, communications and transport, state enterprises stood side by side with numerous cooperatives--cooperatives for agriculture, animal husbandry and fishing as well as those for credit and for carrying on various kinds of manufacture. Thus capitalist exploitation began to be eliminated and the Chinese people organized a brand-new system of livelihood.

Then the people took a long step towards socialism. They dealt heavy blows at all kinds of anti-revolutionary elements and established people's communes. In every commune, land is collectively owned and cultivated. A commune often builds its own factories, manages its own mines, organizes its own schools and administers its own affairs. It is the basic unit of our socialist state power in the countryside.

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The basic socialist idea has long been expressed by Chairman Mao Tsetung as "serve the people". For it is the people, and only the people, who create the world. We must measure the virility and merit of our work by the yardstick of how far it brings benefits to the people in general. Chairman Mao calls on us to "be prepared against war, be prepared against natural disasters, and do everything for the people".

Before our national liberation, modern industrial establishments were concentrated along the coast, especially in the Shanghai region. But now, as we move in the direction pointed out by Chairman Mao, numerous brand-new industrial units have sprung up like spring-time bamboo-shoots all over the country. The wide distribution of factories and mines in every province greatly facilitates our service to the people. A little more than 20 years ago China's industry was the property of foreign imperialist investors and Chinese capitalists who cared only for their own profits. But now, under state and collective ownership, industrial production is solely for the benefit of the people. Moreover, the development of light industry has not lagged behind that of heavy industry. Thus, commodities for daily consumption have on the whole not been short or lacking, except for a 3-year period of natural calamities. And after it, led by the Communist Party, the people quickly restored production to its former scale and rate of progress.

Revolution has radically changed the character of military service. Whereas before the feudal army was merely the tool of warlords, now the People's Army helps in nearly all kinds of civil activities. Soldiers and army cadres are now working on farms, building railways and helping to supervise the administration of factories, mines and schools. During the Cultural Revolution they have given much assistance to the young Red Guards in their revolutionary activities. Often it is said in China that armymen and civilians work together side by side and mix with each other "like water mixes with milk".

This is the era of the people. Chairman Mao teaches us that to serve the people is the highest ideal of life. We should love the people and hate their enemies; we must either overthrow our enemies or be oppressed by and even slaughtered by them.

Keep politics firmly in command, launch vigorous mass movements in our work, carry out the tasks of struggle-criticism-transformation--these are our guides for our daily tasks. Day by day these ideas are being inculcated throughout the land. Thus all working people in China are conscientiously striving for peace and prosperity, and, when necessary, they will defend their power and national independence with all their might.

Among the people in China there is a prevailing atmosphere and general feeling of solidarity. They understand their common duty to build up a peaceful and prosperous society for themselves and for their posterity. Sales personnel are more attentive to their customers than ever before. But conductors take meticulous care of their passengers. We hear less of quarrels. Criminal cases have been reduced. Few people are sullen. The people appreciate the fact that they themselves are the masters.

The countryside, which contains the major proportion of the population, is being served by more roads and more vehicles than ever before. More and more cooperatives for credit and commerce serve the rural areas, all under the supervision of the people's communes. One of the aims of establishing socialism is to wipe out the obvious difference in living standard between the urban and the rural population. Today millions of cadres and school graduates have gone to the rural areas, and many of them have already established new homes there. As more and more factories and mines are being opened in the countryside and production steadily increases, the people's standard of living is obviously improving.

In Sinkiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet and other regions where China's minority nationalities live in compact communities, socialist development has been and is being

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helped by the people of the more advanced provinces. Selected cadres, technicians and soldiers as well as young school graduates have been sent to these regions to assist the local people in hastening progress on the tasks of construction. Numerous local cadres have now also been trained to handle the various jobs. For example, the number of cooperatives, people's communes and state enterprises is steadily rising in Tibet. Twenty years ago Tibet was a region of serfdom. Now it has stepped into the socialist era.

It is said that foreign policy is an extension of domestic politics. Thus the foreign affairs of a truly socialist state are logically linked with an internationalism which is beneficial to all peoples abroad, but not to any of the imperialist industrial-military cliques. Just as China's policy at home is to serve the people, her foreign policy is to benefit the people all over the world. China does not go in for investments to bring in exorbitant profit, for interference or exploitation. She is for international mutual help. A new era has begun.

For years, many friendly countries have worked tirelessly to restore China's legitimate rights in the United Nations. The 26th session of the United Nations General Assembly in 1971 adopted by an overwhelming majority the resolution sponsored by Albania, Algeria and 21 other countries to restore all China's legitimate rights in the United Nations and to immediately expel the Chiang Kai-shek clique. This is a victory for Chairman Mao's proletarian revolutionary line in foreign policy. It is a victory for all the countries which uphold justice in the United Nations and a victory for the people throughout the world.

Chairman Mao prophesies that the next 50 to 100 years, beginning from now, will be a great era of radical change in the social system throughout the world, an earth-shaking era without equal in any previous historical period. These prophetic words are daily being unfolded before our very eyes. Indeed we are on the threshold of a new era of the people.

PRESIDENT'S VISIT--OFFICIAL, UNOFFICIAL PARTIES, NEWSMEN

Departs Washington 19 February 1972

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0030 GMT 19 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 18, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard Nixon, president of the United States of America, and Mrs Nixon left the U.S. capital, Washington, by air yesterday for a visit to the People's Republic of China, according to Washington reports.

The thirteen official members accompanying President Nixon on his visit to China are William Rogers, U.S. secretary of state; Dr Henry Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs; H. R. Haldeman, assistant to the President; Ronald Ziegler, White House press secretary; Air Force Brigadier General Brent Scowcroft, military assistant to the President; Marshal Green, assistant secretary of state; Dwight Chapin, deputy assistant to the President; John Scali, special consultant to the President; Patrick Buchanan, special assistant to the President; Rose Mary Woods, personal secretary to the President; Alfred Jenkins, director of a bureau of the State Department; John Holdridge, senior staff member on the National Security Council; and Winston Lord, senior staff assistant to Kissinger.

A brief ceremony was held on the south lawn of the White House shortly before President Nixon and Mrs Nixon left the White House. Seeing them off were U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew and Mrs Agnew, representatives of Republican and Democratic congressmen, cabinet members, the two daughters of President Nixon, and others.

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On their way to China, President Nixon and his party will stop over shortly in Hawaii and Guam. They are due to arrive in Peking on February 21.

Speaking before leaving the White House, President Nixon said that "this would be a journey for peace. We, of course, are under no illusions that 20 years of hostility between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America are going to be swept away by one week of talks that we will have there."

He said: "As we look to the future, we must recognize that the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government of the United States have had great differences. We will have differences in the future. But what we must do is to find a way to see that we can have differences without being enemies in war."

It was reported that President Nixon's visit to China has the support of a number of U.S. senators. Democratic Senator Hubert Humphrey expressed the hope in a statement that out of this visit "will come the first phrases of a non-belligerent dialogue" between the United States and China.

According to a further report, the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives approved a resolution in support of President Nixon's trip to China.

## Arrives in Peking 21 February

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0349 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard M. Nixon, president of the United States of America, arrived in Peking by special plane this morning on a visit to China at the invitation of the Government of the People's Republic of China.

Among those accompanying President Nixon on his visit are Mrs Patricia Nixon; William P. Rogers, secretary of state; and Dr Henry A. Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs.

Greeting President Nixon and his party at the airport were Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council; Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission; Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council, and his wife Lin Chia-mei; Kuo Mo-jo, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Chi Peng-fei, minister of foreign affairs, and his wife Hsu Han-ping; Wu Te, acting chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee; and leading members of departments concerned. [Wu Te is identified as "vice chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee" in the longer report on President Nixon's arrival (Peking NCNA International English 0935 GMT 21 Feb--below--Peking NCNA Domestic Chinese 1206 GMT 21 Feb, and Peking Domestic Mandarin 0900 GMT 21 Feb) and in reports on the 21 Feb banquet (Peking NCNA International English 1736 GMT 21 Feb--below--and Peking NCNA Domestic Chinese 1911 GMT 21 Feb).]

Peking airport flew the national flags of China and the United States today. The band played the national anthems of the United States and China. Then President Nixon, accompanied by Premier Chou En-lai, reviewed a guard of honour made up of men of the three services of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

## More on Arrival, Shanghai Stopover

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0935 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard Nixon, president of the United States of America, arrived in Peking by special plane this morning on a visit at the invitation of the Government of the People's Republic of China.

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Mrs Patricia Nixon is accompanying him on his visit.

The other members of the official party accompanying President Nixon on his visit are William P. Rogers, secretary of state; Dr Henry A. Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs; H.R. Haldeman, assistant to the President; Ronald L. Ziegler, press secretary to the President; General Brent Scowcroft, military assistant to the President; Marshal Green, assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs; Dwight L. Chapin, deputy assistant to the President; John A. Scali, special consultant to the President; Patrick J. Buchanan, special assistant to the President; Miss Rose Mary Woods, personal secretary to the President; Alfred [le S.] Jenkins, director of a bureau of the State Department; John Holdridge, senior staff member on the National Security Council; and Winston Lord, senior staff assistant to Dr Kissinger. Also accompanying President Nixon are 22 members of the unofficial party, as well as technical personnel and the press corps.

Greeting President Nixon and his party at the airport were Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council; Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission; Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council, and his wife Madame Lin Chia-mei; Kuo Mo-jo, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Chi Peng-fei, minister of foreign affairs, and his wife Madame Hsu Han-ping; Wu Te, vice chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee; and others.

President and Mrs Nixon and others stepped down from the plane at 11:30 a.m. Chou En-lai, Yeh Chien-ying, Li Hsien-nien, Kuo Mo-jo, Chi Peng-fei, Wu Te and other Chinese leaders shook hands with them in welcome.

Peking airport flew the national flags of China and the United States. The band played the national anthems of the United States and China. President Nixon, accompanied by Premier Chou En-lai, reviewed a guard of honour made up of men of the ground, naval and air forces of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

President and Mrs Nixon and others, accompanied by Premier Chou En-lai and others, drove to the guest house.

Madame Teng Ying-chao, wife of Premier Chou En-lai, and Madame Yu Li-chun, wife of NPC Standing Committee Vice Chairman Kuo Mo-jo, greeted President and Mrs Nixon at the guest house.

Chiao Kuan-hua, vice minister of foreign affairs, Chang Wen-chin, director of the Department of West European, American and Australasian Affairs, and Wang Hai-jung, deputy director of the Protocol Department, of the Foreign Ministry, and members of the staff Chang Han-chih, Tang Wen-sheng, Shen Jo-yun and Tang Lung-pin, went to Shanghai to meet President and Mrs Nixon and others and accompanied them to Peking.

Also present at the Peking airport were:

Hsieh Fu-min, Pei Shih-chang and Chu Ko-chen, members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress;

Chang Hsi-jo, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference; and

Leading members of government departments, the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee and other organizations concerned
Pai Hsiang-kuo, Hsiao Ching-kuang, Li Yao-wen, Li Chen, Yu Sang, Chen Mu-hua,

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Chien Cheng-ying, Wu Chung, Fu Hao, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Chi-chih, Liu Chien-kung, Yen Chun, Shen Kuang, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Ting Kuo-yu, Chai Cheng-wen, Chang Tsan-ming, Han Hsu, Wang Tung, Peng Hua, Wang Chen, Liu Cheng-ching, Kao Fu-yu, Peng Ti, Wang Hsiao-i, Jen Chi-sheng and Chu Chuan-hsien.

American personnel who had arrived here earlier were also present.

When President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party stopped over at Shanghai this morning, they were greeted and seen off at the airport by Wang Hung-wen, Hsu Ching-hsien, Wang Hsiu-chen and Wang Shao-yung, vice chairmen of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and leading members of departments concerned including Feng Kuo-chu, Chang Ching-piao, Huang Tao, Chu Yung-chia, Lu Mei-ying, Chu Li, Chang Mei-chuan, Chang Chen-ya, Tan Wei-Chu, Liao Ching-chun and Liu Hsieh-ching.

## Meets Chairman Mao

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1230 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chairman Mao Tsetung met President of the United States Richard Nixon this afternoon in Chungnanhai. They held serious and frank discussions.

Present on the American side was Dr Henry Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs.

Present on the Chinese side were Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, Wang Hai-jung, deputy director of the Protocol Department of the Foreign Ministry, and Tang Wen-sheng, interpreter.

## Talks With Premier Chou

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1407 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, held talks with U.S. President Nixon this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were William P. Rogers, secretary of state, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs, Ronald L. Ziegler, press secretary to the President, Marshall Green, assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs, John A. Scali, special consultant to the President, Alfred le S. Jenkins, director of a bureau of the State Department, John Holdridge, senior staff member on the National Security Council, Winston Lord, senior staff assistant to Dr Kissinger, Miss Julienne N. Pineau, secretary to Dr Kissinger, and Charles W. Freeman, Jr, State Department interpreter.

Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission, Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council, Chi Peng-fei, minister of foreign affairs, Chiao Kuan-hua, vice minister of foreign affairs, and leading members and staff members of departments concerned Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chun, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Chien Ta-yung, Chi Chao-chu, Shen Jo-yun, Li Chung-ying, Ting Yuan-hung, Chao Chi-hua, Chang I-chun, Ma Chieh-hsien and Lien Cheng-pao.

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Chou 21 Feb Banquet

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1736 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, gave a banquet in the banquet hall of the Great Hall of the People this evening to welcome U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and Mrs Nixon.

The national flags of the United States and China hung in the banquet hall. The banquet began with the band playing the national anthems of the United States and China. Premier Chou En-lai and President Nixon proposed toasts at the banquet (full texts of their toasts to be released separately). The band played Chinese and American songs including "Sailing the Seas Depends on the Helmsman" and "America the Beautiful."

Attending on invitation were the members of the official party Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, Dwight L. Chapin, John'A. Scali, Patrick J. Buchanan, Miss Rose Mary Woods, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge, and Winston Lord; the members of the unofficial party Ronald H. Walker, Dr Walter T. Tkach, Michael R. Schrauth, Michael Raoul-Duval, John M. Thomas, Commander Jonathan T. Howe, Lawrence M. Higby, Mrs Florence Gwyer, Miss Julienne N. Pineau, Mrs Nellie L. Yates, Nicholas Platt, Charles W. Freeman, Jr, Calvin E. Mehlert, Paul E. Kovenock, Mrs Maggie C. Runkle, Dr Kenneth Piland, Oliver F. Atkins, Fritz Roland, William B. Hartigan, Bertram Gold, David M. Ronne and Mrs Rita de Santis; and the technical personnel, the press corps and the aircraft crew who are accompanying President Nixon on his visit.

Present were Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission; Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council, and his wife Madame Lin Chia-mei; Kuo Mo-jo and Ngapo Ngawang Jigme, vice chairmen of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Fu Tso-i, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference; Chi Peng-fei, minister of foreign affairs, and his wife Madame Hsu Han-ping; Chiao Kuan-hua, vice minister of foreign affairs; and Wu Te, vice chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee.

Prior to the banquet, Premier Chou En-lai and other Chinese leaders met President and Mrs Nixon and the members of the official party, the unofficial party, the technical personnel, the press corps and the aircraft crew who are accompanying President Nixon on his visit, and had photographs taken with them separately.

Also present at the banquet were:

Leading members of Chinese Government departments, the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee and news organizations in the Chinese capital Pai Hsiang-kuo, Li Yao-wen, Han Nien-lung, Ma Wen-po, Hsiao Ching-kuang, Peng Shao-hui, Kuang Jen-nung, Liu Hsien-chuan, Li Chen, Yu Sang, Chen Mu-hua, Chien Cheng-ying, Wang Meng, Wu Chung, Fu Hao, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Chi-chih, Shih Shao-hua, Liu Chien-kung, Lu Ying, Ting Chiao, Yen Chun, Shen Kuang, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Ting Kuo-yu, Chai Cheng-wen, Chang Wen-chin, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Ko Po-nien, Peng Hua, Wang Chen, Chang Tsan-ming, Wang Tung, Chih Chun and Hsieh Ching-1;

Members of the NPC Standing Committee Hsieh Fu-min, Pei Shih-chang, Hua Lo-keng, Chi Fang, Chu Ko-chen, Lin Chiao-chih, Hu Yu-chih and Lo Shu-chang;

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Members of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Chou Pei-yuan, Chu Yun-shan, Liu Fei, Liu Wen-hui, and Jung I-jen; members of the CPPCC National Committee Feng Yu-lan, Tu Yu-ming and Cheng Tung-kuo; and well-known personage Cheng Szu-yuan; and

Personages from various circles Wu Chieh-ping, Wu Huan-hsing, Chu Fu-tang, Sung Cheng-lien, Wang Yeh-chiu, Hsia Nai, Chien Wei-chang, Li Cheng-li, Yu Hui-yung, Liu Ching-tang, Hsueh Ching-hua, Li Te-lun, Tan Yuan-shou, Hao Liang, Tu Chin-fang, Yuan Shih-hai, Li Hsi-fan, Hsieh Tieh-li, Liu Chun-hua, Ku Yuan, Sung Chung, Chuang Tse-tung, Lin Hui-ching, Li Fu-jung, Cheng Min-chih, Ni Chih-chin, Wang Wei-chien, Yin Hsi-nan and Tang Hsien-hu.

Chou Toast

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1830 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Following is the full text of Premier Chou En-lai's toast at the banquet he gave this evening to welcome President Nixon:

Mr President and Mrs Nixon, ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends:

First of all, I have the pleasure on behalf of Chairman Mao Tsetung and the Chinese Government to extend our welcome to Mr President and Mrs Nixon and to our other American guests.

I also wish to take this opportunity to extend on behalf of the Chinese people cordial greetings to the American people on the other side of the great ocean.

President Nixon's visit to our country at the invitation of the Chinese Government provides the leaders of the two countries with an opportunity of meeting in person to seek the normalization of relations between the two countries and also to exchange views on questions of concern to the two sides. This is a positive move in conformity with the desire of the Chinese and American peoples and an event unprecedented in the history of the relations between China and the United States.

The American people are a great people. The Chinese people are a great people. The peoples of our two countries have always been friendly to each other. But, owing to reasons known fully to all, contacts between the two peoples were suspended for over 20 years. Now, through the common efforts of China and the United States, the gate to friendly contacts has finally been opened. At the present time it has become a strong desire of the Chinese and American peoples to promote the normalization of relations between the two countries and work for the relaxation of tension. The people, and the people alone, are the motive force in the making of world history. We are confident that the day will surely come when this common desire of our two peoples will be realized.

The social systems of China and the United States are fundamentally different and there exist great differences between the Chinese Government and the United States Government. However, these differences should not hinder China and the United States from establishing normal state relations on the basis of the five principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence; still less should they lead to war. As early as 1955 the Chinese Government publicly stated that the Chinese people do not want to have a war with the United States and that the Chinese Government is willing to sit down and enter into negotiations with the United States Government. This is a policy which we have pursued

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consistently. We have taken note of the fact that, in his speech before setting out for China, President Nixon on his part said that "what we must do is to find a way to see that we can have differences without being enemies in war." We hope that, through a frank exchange of views between our two sides to gain a clearer notion of our differences and make efforts to find common ground, a new start can be made in the relations between our two countries.

In conclusion, I propose a toast

To the health of Mr President and Mrs Nixon,

To the health of our other American guests,

To the health of all our friends and comrades present, and

To the friendship between the Chinese and American peoples!

Nixon Toast

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1849 GMT 21 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 21, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Following is the full text of President Nixon's toast at the banquet given in his honor by Premier Chou En-lai this evening:

Mr Prime Minister and all of your distinguished guests this evening:

On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. I particularly want to pay tribute, not only to those who prepared the magnificent dinner, but also to those who have provided the splendid music. Never have I heard American music played better in a foreign land.

Mr Prime Minister, I wish to thank you for your very gracious and eloquent remarks. At this very moment, through the wonder of telecommunications, more people are seeing and hearing what we say than on any other such occasion in the whole history of the world. Yet, what we say here will not be long remembered. What we do here can change the world.

As you said in your toast, the Chinese people are a great people, the American people are a great people. If our two peoples are enemies, the future of this world we share together is dark indeed. But if we can find common ground to work together, the chance for world peace is immeasurably increased.

In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks this week, let us recognize at the outset these points. We have at times in the past been enemies. We have great differences today. What brings us together is that we have common interests which transcend those differences. As we discuss our differences, neither of us will compromise our principles. But while we cannot close the gulf between us, we can try to bridge it so that we may be able to talk across it.

So, let us, in these next 5 days, start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, free of outside interference or domination. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. What is the world? In a personal sense, I think

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of my eldest daughter whose birthday is today. As I think of her, I think of all the
children in the world, in Asia, in Africa, in Europe, in the Americas, most of whom were
born since the date of the foundation of the People's Republic of China.

What legacy shall we leave our children? Are they destined to die for the hatreds which
have plagued the old world, or are they destined to live because we had the vision to
build a new world?

There is no reason for us to be enemies. Neither of us seeks the territory of the other;
neither of us seeks domination over the other, neither of us seeks to stretch out our
hands and rule the world.

Chairman Mao has written, "So many deeds cry out to be done, and always urgently; the
world rolls on, time presses. Ten thousand years are too long, seize the day, seize the
hour!"

This is the hour. This is the day for our two peoples to rise to the heights of great-
ness which can build a new and a better world.

In that spirit, I ask all of you present to join me in raising your glasses to Chairman
Mao, to Prime Minister Chou, and to the friendship of the Chinese and American people
which can lead to friendship and peace for all people in the world.

Chou-Nixon 22 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1200 GMT 22 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 22, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier Chou En-lai and President Nixon
continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Dr Henry A. Kissinger, John Holdridge
and Winston Lord.

Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Chiao Kuan-hua, Chang Wen-chin,
Wang Hai-jung and Chao Chi-hua, and interpreters Chi Chao-chu and Tang Wen-sheng.

Chi Peng-fei-Rogers 22 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1209 GMT 22 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 22, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chinese Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei and
U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers held talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Ronald L. Ziegler, Marshall Green,
John A. Scali, Alfred le S. Jenkins, Commander Jonathan T. Howe, Nicolas Platt and
Charles W. Freeman, Jr.

Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Wang Chen,
Chien Ta-yung, Li Chung-ying, Ting Yuan-hung, Shen Jo-yun, Chang I-chun, Hu Chuan-chung
and Hu Feng-hsien.

Mrs Nixon Tours Peking

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1937 GMT 22 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 22, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Mrs Patricia Nixon today visited the Summer
Palace, went to see pandas in the Peking zoo, and visited the kitchen of Peking Hotel.
She was accompanied by Madame Lin Chia-mei, Madame Chen Mu-hua and Madame Hsu Han-ping.

15

Nixons Attend Revolutionary Ballet

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2105 GMT 22 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 22, 1972 (HSINHUA)--President and Mrs Nixon attended a ballet performance on invitation this evening. They saw the modern revolutionary ballet "The Red Detachment of Women".

Attending the performance were also Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler and the other members of the official party, the members of the unofficial party, the technical personnel, the press corps and the aircraft crew, who are accompanying President Nixon on his visit.

Accompanying President and Mrs Nixon at the performance were Premier Chou En-lai, Comrade Chiang Ching, Vice Premier Li Hsien-nien, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Kuo Mo-jo, Comrade Teng Ying-chao, Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei, Vice Foreign Minister Chiao Kuan-hua and Wu Te, leader of the Cultural Group under the State Council and vice chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee.

Present were also leading members of the Foreign Ministry, the Cultural Group under the State Council and other departments concerned Li Yao-wen, Liu Hsien-chuan, Yu Sang, Shih Shao-hua, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Lin Chia-mei, Yu Li-chun, Hsu Han-ping, Liu Chien-kung, Yang Te-chung, Huang Hou-min, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung and Peng Hua.

Chou-Nixon 23 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1201 GMT 23 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 23, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier Chou En-lai and President Nixon continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Chiao Kuan-hua, Chang Wen-chin, Wang Hai-jung and Chao Chi-hua, and interpreters Tang Wen-sheng and Chi Chao-chu.

Chi-Rogers 23 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1202 GMT 23 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 23, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chinese Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei and U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Ronald L. Ziegler, Marshall Green, John A. Scali, Alfred le S. Jenkins, Commander Jonathan T. Howe, Nicholas Platt and Charles W. Freeman Jr.

Taking part on the Chinese side were Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Wang Chen, Chien Ta-yung, Li Chung-ying, Ting Yuan-hung, Shen Jo-yun, Chang I-chun, Hu Chuan-chung and Hu Feng-hsien.

16

Sports Exhibition

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1734 GMT 23 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 23, 1972 (HSINHUA)--President and Mrs Nixon attended a sports
exhibition in the Capital Indoor Stadium this evening on invitation.

Attending were also Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R.
Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, and the other members of the official party, the members
of the unofficial party, the technical personnel, the press corps and the aircraft crew,
who are accompanying President Nixon on his visit.

Accompanying President and Mrs Nixon at the exhibition were Chou En-lai, premier of the
State Council, Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission, Chi Peng-fei,
foreign minister, Wang Meng, chairman of the Chinese Physical Culture and Sports Com-
mission, and leading members of other departments concerned, including Li Yao-wen, Yu
Sang, Chen Mu-hua, Chang Chi-chih, Liu Chien-kung, Yang Te-chung, Yu Pu-hsueh, Ma Jen-
hui, Ting Kuo-yu, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Chou Jung-kuo and
Wang Hsiao-i.

People of various walks of life in the Chinese capital attended the exhibition.

The events at this evening's exhibition were gymnastics, badminton and table tennis.

Mrs Nixon this morning visited the Ever-Green people's commune in the company of com-
rades Chien Cheng-ying and Hsu Han-ping. In the afternoon, Mrs Nixon visited the
Peking art glassware factory in the company of Comrade Chen Mu-hua.

William P. Rogers, U.S. secretary of state, and Marshall green, assistant secretary of
state, visited the Summer Palace this morning in the company of Chinese Vice Foreign
Minister Li Yao-wen and leading members of departments concerned Yu Sang and Hsiung
Hsiang-hui.

Chou-Nixon 24 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1314 GMT 24 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 24, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier Chou En-lai and President Nixon continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, John Holdridge
and Winston Lord.

Chi-Rogers 24 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1324 GMT 24 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 24, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chinese Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei
and U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Ronald L. Ziegler, Marshall Green, John
A. Scali, Alfred le S. Jenkins, Commander Jonathan T. Howe, Nicholas Platt, Charles W.
Freeman Jr, and Calvin E. Mehlert.

17

## Nixons View Great Wall

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1647 GMT 24 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 24, 1972 (HSINHUA)--President and Mrs Nixon, accompanied by Chinese Vice Premier Li Hsien-nien and Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei, visited the Great Wall and the Ting Ling, one of the Ming tombs, to the northwest of Peking today.

U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers and other American guests also went on the visit.

Also accompanying President and Mrs Nixon on the visit were Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Li Yao-wen and leading members of the departments concerned including Yu Sang, Yang Te-chung, Lin Chia-mei and Hsu Han-ping.

## Reception for U.S. Journalists

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1722 GMT 24 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 24, 1972 (HSINHUA)--The Peking journalistic circles gave a reception here this evening to welcome the American journalists accompanying U.S. President Nixon on his visit.

Among the more than 100 guests at the reception were Gerald Warren, deputy press secretary, Timothy Elbourne, press assistant, and American newsmen.

Attending the reception were leading members of the HSINHUA NEWS AGENCY, the PEOPLE'S DAILY, the Central Broadcasting Administration, the Information Department of the Foreign Ministry and other organizations concerned including Chang Chi-chih, Shih Shao-hua, Lu Ying, Tai Cheng-yuan, Peng Hua, Wang Tung, Hsiao Te, Ting Chiao, Chang Chang-hai, Li Po-ti and Tsao Shih-chin.

## Chou-Nixon 25 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1207 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier Chou En-lai and President Nixon continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, John Holdridge and Winston Lord. Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Chiao Kuan-hua, Chang Wen-chin, Chao Chi-hua and interpreters Tang Wen-sheng and Chi Chao-chu.

## Chi-Rogers 25 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1208 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chinese Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei and U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers continued to hold talks this afternoon.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Marshall Green, Alfred le S. Jenkins, Commander Jonathan T. Howe, Nicholas Platt, Charles W. Freeman Jr and Calvin E. Mehlert. Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Wang Chen, Chien Ta-yung, Li Chung-ying, Ting Yuan-hung, Shen Jo-yun, Chang I-chun, Hu Chuan-chung and Hu Feng-hsien.

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Nixons Tour Palace Museum

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1250 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--President and Mrs Nixon, accompanied by Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission, this morning visited the Palace Museum and an exhibition of cultural relics unearthed in various parts of China during the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. U.S. Secretary of State William P. Rogers and other American guests also went on the visit. Also accompanying President and Mrs Nixon on the visit were Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Li Yao-wen and leading members of departments concerned, including Chien Cheng-ying and Yang Te-chung.

Mrs Nixon visited the Peking Children's Hospital this afternoon in the company of Madame Lin Chia-mei and Madame Hsu Han-ping.

Cocktail Party for Peking Journalists

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1753 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--The American journalists accompanying President Nixon on his visit to China gave a cocktail party here this afternoon for Peking journalists. Attending the cocktail party were leading members of the HSINHUA NEWS AGENCY, the PEOPLE'S DAILY, the Central Broadcasting Administration, the Information Department of the Foreign Ministry and other organizations concerned, including Chang Chi-chih, Shih Shao-hua, Lu Ying, Tai Cheng-yuan, Peng Hua, Wang Tung, Hsiao Te, Ting Chiao, Chang Chang-hai, Li Po-ti, Yeh Chun-chien and Tsao Shih-chin. Present were Ronald L. Ziegler, press secretary to the President; John A. Scali, special consultant to the President; Patrick J. Buchanan, special assistant to the President; Gerald Warren, deputy press secretary; Timothy Elbourne, press assistant; and R.H. Shackford, spokesman for the press corps who are accompanying President Nixon on his visit.

Nixon 25 Feb Reciprocal Banquet

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1614 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--President Richard M. Nixon of the United States of America and Mrs Nixon gave a reciprocal banquet in the banquet hall of the Great Hall of the People this evening. Attending the banquet on invitation were Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council; Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission; Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council; Kuo Mo-jo and Ngapo Ngawang Jigme, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Fu Tso-i, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference; Chi Peng-fei, minister of foreign affairs; Chiao Kuan-hua, vice minister of foreign affairs; Wu Te, vice chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee; and Mesdames Lin Chia-mei and Hsu Han-ping. Present were Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Patrick J. Buchanan, Miss Rose Mary Woods, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge and Winston Lord.

The national flags of China and the United States hung in the banquet hall. The banquet began with the band playing the national anthems of China and the United States. President Nixon and Premier Chou En-lai proposed toasts (full texts of their toasts to be released separately). The band played Chinese and American tunes as the banquet proceeded. Also attending the banquet were: leading members of Chinese Government departments, the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee and news organization in the Chinese capital Pai Hsiang-kuo, Li Yao-wen, Han Nien-lung, Ma Wen-po, Hsiao Ching-kuang, Peng Shao-hui, Kuang Jen-nung, Liu Hsien-chuan, Li Chen, Chen Mu-hua, Chien Cheng-ying, Wang Meng, Wu Chung, Fu Hao, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Chi-chih, Shih Shao-hua, Liu Chien-kung, Lu Ying, Ting Chiao, Yen Chun, Shen Kuang, Yang Te-chung; Ma Jen-hui, Ting Kuo-yu, Chai Cheng-wen, Chang Wen-chin, Han Hsu, Wang Chai-jung, Ko Po-nien, Peng Hua, Wang Chen, Chang Tsan-ming, Wang Tung, Chih Chun, Hsieh Ching-i, Chi Chao-chu, Chang Han-chih and Tang Wen-sheng;

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Members of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC Chang Hsi-jo, Chou Pei-yuan, Chu Yun-shan, Liu Fei, Liu Wen-hui and Jung I-jen; members of the CPPCC National Committee Feng Yu-lan, Tu Yu-ming and Cheng Tung-kuo; and well-known personage Cheng Ssu-yuan; and

Prior to the banquet, President and Mrs Nixon and other American guests had photographs taken with the Chinese leaders and personages from various circles at the banquet separately.

Nixon Toast

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1731 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Following is the full text of President Nixon's toast at the reciprocal banquet he gave here this evening:

Mr Prime Minister and our very distinguished guests from the People's Republic of China and the United States of America:

It is a great privilege while we are guests in your country to be able to welcome you and the Chinese who are present here as our guests this evening.

On behalf of Mrs Nixon and all the members of our official party, I want to express our deep appreciation for the boundless and deep hospitality which you have extended to us.

As you know, it is the custom in our country that the members of the press have the right to speak for themselves and that no one in government can speak for them. But I am sure that all those from the American press who are here tonight will grant me the rare privilege of speaking for the press in extending their appreciation to you and your government for the many courtesies you have extended to them.

You have made it possible for the story of this historic visit to be read, seen and heard by more people all over the world than on any previous occasion in history.

Yesterday, along with hundreds of millions of viewers on television, we saw what is truly one of the wonders of the world, the Great Wall. As I walked along the wall, I thought of the sacrifices that went into building it; I thought of what it showed about the determination of the Chinese people who retained their independence throughout their long history; I thought about the fact that the wall tells us that China has a great history and that the people who built this wonder of the world also have a great future.

The Great Wall is no longer a wall dividing China from the rest of the world, but it is a reminder of the fact that there are many walls still existing in the world which divide nations and peoples.

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The Great Wall is also a reminder that for almost a generation there has been a wall between the People's Republic of China and the United States of America.

In these past 4 days we have begun the long process of removing that wall between us. We begin our talks, recognizing that we have great differences between us, but we are determined that those differences not prevent us from living together in peace.

You believe deeply in your system and we believe just as deeply in our system. It is not our common beliefs that have brought us together here, but our common interest and our common hopes: the interest that each of us has to maintain our independence and the security of our peoples and the hope that each of us has to build a new world order in which nations and peoples with different systems and different values can live together in peace, respecting one another while disagreeing with one another, letting history rather than the battle-field be the judge of their different ideas.

Mr Prime Minister, you have noted that the plane which brought us here is named the Spirit of '76. Just this week, we have celebrated in America the birth of George Washington, the father of our country, who led America to independence in our revolution and served as our first president.

He bade farewell at the close of his term with these words to his countrymen: "Observe good faith and justice toward all nations. Cultivate peace and harmony with all."

It is in that spirit, the spirit of '76, that I ask you to rise and join me in a toast to Chairman Mao, to Premier Chou, to the people of our two countries, and to the hope for our children that peace and harmony can be the legacy from our generation to theirs.

Chou Toast

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1747 GMT 25 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 25, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Following is the full text of Premier Chou En-lai's toast at the reciprocal banquet given by President Nixon here this evening:

Mr President and Mrs Nixon, ladies and gentlemen, comrades and friends,

First of all, on behalf of all my Chinese colleagues here and in my own name, I would like to express appreciation to Mr President and Mrs Nixon for inviting us to this banquet.

The President and his party are leaving Peking tomorrow to visit southern parts of China. In the past few days, President Nixon met Chairman Mao Tsetung, and our two sides held a number of further talks, in which we exchanged views on the normalization of relations between China and the United States and on other questions of concern to the two sides. There exist great differences of principle between our two sides. Through earnest and frank discussions a clearer knowledge of each other's position and stand has been gained. This has been beneficial to both sides.

The times are advancing and the world changing. We are deeply convinced that the strength of the people is powerful, and that whatever zigzags and reverses there will be in the development of history, the general trend of the world is definitely towards light and not darkness.

It is the common desire of the Chinese and American peoples to enhance their mutual understanding and friendship and promote the normalization of relations between China and the United States. The Chinese Government and people will work unswervingly towards this goal. I now propose a toast

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To the great American people,

To the great Chinese people,

To the friendship of the Chinese and American peoples,

To the health of President Nixon and Mrs Nixon, and

To the health of all the other American guests present!

Chou-Nixon 26 Feb Talks

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0631 GMT 26 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 26, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier Chou En-lai and President Nixon continued to hold talks this morning.

Taking part in the talks on the U.S. side were Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, Ronald L. Ziegler, Marshall Green, John A. Scali, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge, Winston Lord, Mrs Florence Gwyer and Charles W. Freeman Jr.

Taking part in the talks on the Chinese side were Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission; Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council; Chi Peng-fei, foreign minister, Chiao Kuan-hua, vice foreign minister; and Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Chi Chao-chu, Tang Wen-sheng and Shen Jo-yun.

Nixon Party Leaves for Hangchow

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1046 GMT 26 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking, February 26, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States of America, and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party, accompanied by Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, and others, left here for Hangchow this morning by special plane on a visit.

Peking airport flew the national flags of China and the United States. The band played the national anthems of the United States and China. Then President Nixon, accompanied by Premier Chou En-lai, reviewed a guard of honour made up of men of the three services of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.

Yeh Chien-ying, vice chairman of the Military Commission; Li Hsien-nien, vice premier of the State Council; Kuo Mo-jo, vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Wu Te, vice chairman of the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee; and Madame Lin Chia-mei were present at the airport to see them off.

Also present at the airport were: Hsieh Fu-min, Pei Shih-chang and Chu Ko-chen, members of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress; Chang Hsi-jo, member of the Standing Committee of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference; and

Leading members of government departments, the Chinese People's Liberation Army, the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee and other organizations concerned, including Pai Hsiang-kuo, Li Yao-wen, Hsiao Ching-kuang, Li Chen, Chen Mu-hua, Chien Cheng-ying, Wu Chung, Fu Hao, Chang Chi-chih, Liu Chien-kung, Yen Chun, Shen Kuang, Ting Kuo-yu, Chai Cheng-wen, Chang Tsan-ming, Wang Tung, Liu Cheng-ching, Kao Fu-yu, Wang Hsiao-i, Jen Chi-sheng and Chu Chuan-hsien.

22

William P. Rogers, secretary of state; Dr Henry A. Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs; H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, and the other members of the presidential party also left for Hangchow.

Accompanying President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party to Hangchow were Chi Peng-fei, foreign minister, Chiao Kuan-hua, vice foreign minister, and Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua and others.

## Activities in 'Lake City'

### Peking NCNA International Service in English 1930 GMT 26 Feb 72 B

[Text] Hangchow, February 26, 1972 (HSINHUA)--U.S. President Nixon and Mrs Nixon, accompanied by Premier Chou En-lai, arrived in the East China city of Hangchow from Peking by special plane today.

With President and Mrs Nixon on their visit to Hangchow were the other members of the official party Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Patrick J. Buchanan, Miss Rose Mary Woods, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge and Winston Lord; the members of the unofficial party; and the technical personnel and the press corps.

Hangchow airport flew the national flags of China and the United States today.

Present at the airport to greet the guests were Nan Ping, chairman, and Hsiung Yingtang, Lai Ko-ko and Hsieh Cheng-hao, vice chairmen, of the Chekiang Provincial Revolutionary Committee, Wang Tzu-ta, vice chairman of the Chekiang Provincial Revolutionary Committee and chairman of the Hangchow Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and leading members of organizations concerned Shen Tse, Tai Ko-lin, Chu Chuan-lin, Pai Tsung-shan, Wan Chen-hsi, Chiu Chiang, Cheng Hsiu, Chou Wen-chiang, Fang Ming, Lin Yung-Mao and Chang Lu-cheng; and Madame Li Yu-min.

Also accompanying President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party on their visit to Hangchow were Chi Peng-fei, foreign minister, Chiao Kuan-hua, vice foreign minister, and leading members of departments concerned, including Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung and Peng Hua.

Nan Ping, chairman of the Chekiang Provincial Revolutionary Committee, gave a banquet here this evening for President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party. Premier Chou En-lai and others attended.

Nan Ping proposed a toast at the banquet. On behalf of the Chekiang provincial and Hangchow municipal revolutionary committees, he extended a welcome to President and Mrs Nixon and the other American guests. He said: "The redwood trees President Nixon gave to the Chinese people have been planted here. We wish these trees sturdy growth as a symbol of the friendship between the Chinese and American people."

In his toast, President Nixon praised the beauty of Hangchow and expressed appreciation for the banquet given by the host this evening. He proposed a toast to the friendship between the Chinese people and the American people.

President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party, accompanied by Premier Chou En-lai, Nan Ping and others, made an excursion to the West Lake this afternoon. Mrs Patricia Nixon visited the Lingyin Monastery in the company of Madame Hsu Han-ping and Madame Li Yu-min.

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Arrival in Shanghai

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0739 GMT 27 Feb 72 B

[Text] Shanghai, February 27, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States of America, and Mrs Nixon, accompanied by Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, and others, arrived in Shanghai from Hangchow by special plane this morning.

With President and Mrs Nixon on their visit to Shanghai were the other members of the official party: Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Patrick J. Buchanan, Miss Rose Mary Woods, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge and Winston Lord; the members of the unofficial party; and the technical personnel and the press corps.

Greeting them at the airport were Chang Chun-chiao, chairman, and Wang Hung-wen, Chou Chun-lin, Hsu Ching-hsien, Wang Hsiu-chen and Wang Shao-yung, vice chairmen, of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee.

The Shanghai Hungchiao airport today flew the national flags of China and the United States. After President and Mrs Nixon alighted from the plane, Chang Chun-chiao and others shook hands with them.

Accompanying President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party to Shanghai were Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei, Vice Foreign Minister Chiao Kuan-hua, and leading members of departments concerned Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Wang Chen and others.

Also present at the airport were leading members of the departments concerned in Shanghai, including Feng Kuo-chu, Chang Ching-piao, Huang Tao, Chu Yung-chia, Lu Mei-ying, Chu Li, Chang Mei-chuan, Chang Chen-ya, Tan Wei-chu, Liao Ching-chun and Liu Hsueh-ching.

On their departure from Hangchow this morning, President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party were seen off at the airport by Nan Ping, chairman, and Hsiung Ying-tang, Lai Ko-ko and Hsieh Cheng-hao, vice chairmen, of the Chekiang Provincial Revolutionary Committee, Wang Tzu-ta, vice chairman of the Chekiang Provincial Revolutionary Committee and chairman of the Hangchow Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and leading members of departments concerned, including Shen Tse, Tai Ko-lin, Chu Chuan-lin, Pai Tsung-shan, Wan Chen-hsi, Chiu Chiang, Cheng Hsiu, Chou Wen-chiang, Fang Ming, Lin Yung-mao, Chang Lu-cheng and Madame Li Yu-min.

Banquet in Shanghai

Peking NCNA International Service in English 2126 GMT 27 Feb 72 B

[Text] Shanghai, February 27, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Chang Chun-chiao, chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, gave a banquet here this evening to welcome U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and Mrs Nixon. Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, attended the banquet.

Among the guests at the banquet were the other members of the official party Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Patrick J. Buchanan, Miss Rose Mary Woods, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge and Winston Lord, the members of the unofficial party, and the technical personnel, the press corps and the aircraft crew, who are accompanying President Nixon on his visit.

24

The national flags of the United States and China hung in the banquet hall. Chang Chun-chiao, chairman of the municipal revolutionary committee, and President Nixon proposed toasts at the banquet.

In his toast, Chang Chun-chiao, on behalf of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, extended a welcome to President and Mrs Nixon and the other American guests and conveyed the good wishes and cordial greetings of the Shanghai people to the great American people.

He said: During his current visit to China, President Nixon met with Chairman Mao Tsetung, and held a number of talks with Premier Chou En-lai. The two sides earnestly and frankly exchanged views on the normalization of relations between China and the United States and on other matters of interest to both sides. We Shanghai people, like the rest of the Chinese people, welcome this positive move which is in conformity with the common desire of the Chinese and American people. We are glad that the Chinese and U.S. sides, after consultations over these days, reached agreement on a joint communique in Shanghai today.

He said: Shanghai is a city where the Chinese people have more contacts with people of other countries. In the 23 years since its liberation in 1949, the city has undergone a fundamental change. Initial success has been achieved in transforming and building the city into an integrated socialist industrial base of China. This is but the first step in a 10,000-li long march. The city's industry is not quite advanced at present and is rather backward in certain aspects. There are heavier and more arduous tasks for us to accomplish. Under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the working class and the entire people of Shanghai are continuing to work hard along the road of "maintaining independence and keeping the initiative in our own hands and relying on our own efforts" as indicated by Chairman Mao Tsetung.

In his toast, President Nixon reviewed his visit to China during the past week. He said: We have, today, seen the progress of modern times. We have seen the matchless wonders of ancient times. We have seen also the beauty of the countryside, the vibrancy of a great city, Shanghai. All of this we have enjoyed enormously. What was most important was the fact that we had the opportunity to have talks with Chairman Mao, with Prime Minister Chou En-lai, with the foreign minister and other people in the government.

President Nixon said: The joint communique which we have issued today summarizes the results of our talks. Our communique indicates, as it should, some areas of difference. It also indicates some areas of agreement.

He said: What we will do in the years ahead is to build a bridge across 16,000 miles and 22 years of hostility, and because the Chinese people and the American people, as the prime minister has said, are a great people, we can build that long bridge.

President Nixon said: To do so requires more than the letters, the words of the communique. The letters and the words are a beginning, but the actions that follow must be in the spirit that characterized our talks.

Present at the banquet were Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei, Vice Foreign Minister Chiao Kuan-hua and leading members of departments concerned, including Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua and Wang Chen.

Also present were: vice chairmen of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee Wang Hung-wen, Chou Chun-lin, Hsu Ching-hsien, Wang Hsiu-chen and Wang Shao-yung;

25

Leading members of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, the Chinese People's Liberation Army units stationed in Shanghai and other organizations concerned Feng Kuo-chu, Chang Ching-piao, Huang Tao, Chu Yung-chia, Lu Mei-ying, Tu Piao, Wu Chan-kuei, Chu Li, Chang Mei-chuan, Chang Chen-ya, Tan Wei-chu, Liao Ching-chun, Liu Hsueh-ching and Liu Hsiang-hsien; and

Personages of various circles Chang Sheng-tang, Wang Ming-chang, Chang Kuo-chun, Chen Hsiu-ying, Chen Wang-tao, Tung Hsiang-ling, Chi Shu-fang, Mao Hui-fang, Shih Chung-chin, Sang Hu, Li Ming-chiang, Chou Yen-chi, Ho Yueh-hsien, Lo Shih-wei, Hu Shih-chuan, Yang Chen-yu, Chen Chung-wei, Yao Tai, Tsai Pao-hsien, Yeh Po-shun, Kang Yueh-li, Shao Pei-chen, Chia I-pin and Liu Nien-chih. [Peking NCNA Domestic Service in Chinese at 2235 GMT on 27 February sent a service message to its version of this report which corrected the name Yeh Po-shun [5509 0590 7311] to Yeh Pai-shun [5509 2672 7311]. This latter version also appeared in Shanghai City Service in Mandarin at 0000 GMT on 28 February and Peking Domestic Service in Mandarin at 2230 GMT on 27 February.]

After the banquet, President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party attended an acrobatic performance upon invitation.

President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party visited the Shanghai industrial exhibition this morning. Mrs Patricia Nixon visited the Shanghai Children's Palace this afternoon.

## Departure for Home

### Peking NCNA International Service in English 0550 GMT 28 Feb 72 B

[Text] Shanghai, February 28, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard M. Nixon, president of the United States of America, Mrs Nixon and the presidential party left here for home by special plane this morning after concluding their visit to the People's Republic of China.

Chou En-lai, premier of the State Council, Chang Chun-chiao, chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, and others were present at the airport to see them off.

The Hungchiao airport in Shanghai flew the national flags of China and the United States today.

After President and Mrs Nixon arrived at the airport, Premier Chou En-lai, Chang Chun-chiao and others shook hands with them to bid them farewell.

Also present at the airport were: Chinese Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei, Vice Foreign Minister Chiao Kuan-hua and leading members of departments concerned, including Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua and Wang Chen; and

Vice chairmen of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee Wang Hung-wen, Chou Chun-lin, Hsu Ching-hsien, Wang Hsiu-chen and Wang Shao-yung, and leading members of the municipal departments concerned including Feng Kuo-chu, Chang Ching-piao, Huang Tao, Chu Yung-chia, Lu Mei-ying, Chu Li, Chang Mei-chuan, Chang Chen-ya, Liao Ching-chun and Liu Hsueh-ching.

Also leaving Shanghai for home this morning were the other members of the official party Secretary of State William P. Rogers, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, H.R. Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, General Brent Scowcroft, Marshall Green, Dwight L. Chapin, John A. Scali, Patrick J. Buchanan, Miss Rose Mary Woods, Alfred le S. Jenkins, John Holdridge and Winston Lord; the members of the unofficial party and the technical personnel and the press corps, who had accompanied President Nixon on his visit to China.

26

Before President Nixon left Shanghai, Premier Chou En-lai held talks with him at the guest house. Minister Chi Peng-fei and Secretary of State William P. Rogers held talks at the same time.

Joint Communique

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1200 GMT 27 Feb 72 B

[Text] Shanghai, February 27, 1972 (HSINHUA)--(released in advance) The Chinese and U.S. sides reached agreement on a joint communique on February 27 in Shanghai. Full text of the communique is as follows:

Joint Communique

President Richard Nixon of the United States of America visited the People's Republic of China at the invitation of Premier Chou En-lai of the People's Republic of China from February 21 to February 28, 1972. Accompanying the President were Mrs Nixon, U.S. Secretary of State William Rogers, assistant to the president Dr Henry Kissinger, and other American officials.

President Nixon met with Chairman Mao Tsetung of the Communist Party of China on February 21. The two leaders had a serious and frank exchange of views on Sino-U.S. relations and world affairs.

During the visit, extensive, earnest and frank discussions were held between President Nixon and Premier Chou En-lai on the normalization of relations between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China, as well as on other matters of interest to both sides. In addition, Secretary of State William Rogers and Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei held talks in the same spirit.

President Nixon and his party visited Peking and viewed cultural, industrial and agricultural sites, and they also toured Hangchow and Shanghai where, continuing discussions with Chinese leaders, they viewed similar places of interest.

The leaders of the People's Republic of China and the United States of America found it beneficial to have this opportunity, after so many years without contact, to present candidly to one another their views on a variety of issues. They reviewed the international situation in which important changes and great upheavals are taking place and expounded their respective positions and attitudes.

The Chinese side stated: Wherever there is oppression, there is resistance. Countries want independence, nations want liberation and the people want revolution--this has become the irresistible trend of history. All nations, big or small, should be equal; big nations should not bully the small and strong nations should not bully the weak. China will never be a superpower and it opposes hegemony and power politics of any kind.

The Chinese side stated that it firmly supports the struggles of all the oppressed people and nations for freedom and liberation and that the people of all countries have the right to choose their social systems according to their own wishes and the right to safeguard the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of their own countries and oppose foreign aggression, interference, control and subversion. All foreign troops should be withdrawn to their own countries.

The Chinese side expressed its firm support to the peoples of Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia in their efforts for the attainment of their goal and its firm support to the seven-point proposal of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic

27

of South Vietnam and the elaboration of February this year on the two key problems
in the proposal, and to the joint declaration of the Summit Conference of the Indo-
chinese Peoples.

It firmly supports the eight-point program for the peaceful unification of Korea put
forward by the Government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea on April 12,
1971, and the stand for the abolition of the "U.N. Commission for the unification and
Rehabilitation of Korea".

It firmly opposes the revival and outward expansion of Japanese militarism and firmly
supports the Japanese people's desire to build an independent, democratic, peaceful
and neutral Japan.

It firmly maintains that India and Pakistan should, in accordance with the United
Nations resolutions on the India-Pakistan question, immediately withdraw all their
forces to their respective territories and to their own sides of the ceasefire line in
Jammu and Kashmir and firmly supports the Pakistan Government and people in their
struggle to preserve their independence and sovereignty and the people of Jammu and
Kashmir in their struggle for the right of self-determination.

The U.S. side stated: Peace in Asia and peace in the world requires efforts both to reduce immediate tensions and to eliminate the basic causes of conflict. The United States will work for a just and secure peace: just, because it fulfills the aspirations of peoples and nations for freedom and progress; secure, because it removes the danger of foreign aggression. The United States supports individual freedom and social progress for all the peoples of the world, free of outside pressure or intervention. The United States believes that the effort to reduce tensions is served by improving communication between countries that have different ideologies so as to lessen the risks of confrontation through accident, miscalculation or misunderstanding. Countries should treat each other with mutual respect and be willing to compete peacefully, letting performance be the ultimate judge. No country should claim infallibility and each country should be prepared to re-examine its own attitude for the common good.

The United States stressed that the peoples of Indochina should be allowed to determine
their destiny without outside intervention; its constant primary objective has been a
negotiated solution; the eight-point proposal put forward by the Republic of Vietnam
and the United States on January 27, 1972 represents a basis for the attainment of
that objective; in the absence of a negotiated settlement the United States envisages
the ultimate withdrawal of all U.S. forces from the region consistent with the aim of
self-determination for each country of Indochina.

The United States will maintain its close ties with and support for the Republic of
Korea; the United States will support efforts of the Republic of Korea to seek a
relaxation of tension and increased communication in the Korean peninsula.

The United States places the highest value on its friendly relations with Japan; it
will continue to develop the existing close bonds.

Consistent with the United Nations Security Council resolution of December 21, 1971, the United States favors the continuation of the ceasefire between India and Pakistan and the withdrawal of all military forces to within their own territories and to their own sides of the ceasefire line in Jammu and Kashmir; the United States supports the right of the peoples of South Asia to shape their own future in peace, free of military threat, and without having the area become the subject of great power rivalry.

There are essential differences between China and the United States in their social
systems and foreign policies. However, the two sides agreed that countries,

28

regardless of their social systems, should conduct their relations on the principles of
respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all states, non-aggression
against other states, non-interference in the internal affairs of other states,
equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. International disputes should
be settled on this basis, without resorting to the use or threat of force. The United
States and the People's Republic of China are prepared to apply these principles to
their mutual relations.

With these principles of international relations in mind the two sides stated that:

--Progress toward the normalization of relations between China and the United States
is in the interests of all countries;

--Both wish to reduce the danger of international military conflict;

--Neither should seek hegemony in the Asia-Pacific region and each is opposed to
efforts by any other country or group of countries to establish such hegemony; and

--Neither is prepared to negotiate on behalf of any third party or to enter into
agreements or understandings with the other directed at other states.

Both sides are of the view that it would be against the interests of the peoples of
the world for any major country to collude with another against other countries, or
for major countries to divide up the world into spheres of interest.

The two sides reviewed the long-standing serious disputes between China and the
United States. The Chinese side reaffirmed its position: the Taiwan question is the
crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations between China and the
United States; the Government of the People's Republic of China is the sole legal
government of China; Taiwan is a province of China which has long been returned to the
motherland; the liberation of Taiwan is China's internal affairs in which no other
country has the right to interfere; and all U.S. forces and military installations
must be withdrawn from Taiwan. The Chinese Government firmly opposes any activities
which aim at the creation of "one China, one Taiwan", "one China, two governments", "two
Chinas", an "independent Taiwan" or advocate that "the status of Taiwan remains to be
determined".

The U.S. side declared: the United States acknowledges that all Chinese on either
side of the Taiwan Strait maintain there is but one China and that Taiwan is a part
of China. The United States Government does not challenge that position. It reaffirms
its interest in a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question by the Chinese themselves.
With this prospect in mind, it affirms the ultimate objective of the withdrawal of all
U.S. forces and military installations from Taiwan. In the meantime, it will
progressively reduce its forces and military installations on Taiwan as the tension
in the area diminishes.

The two sides agreed that it is desirable to broaden the understanding between the
two peoples. To this end, they discussed specific areas in such fields as science,
technology, culture, sports and journalism, in which people-to-people contacts and
exchanges would be mutually beneficial. Each side undertakes to facilitate the
further development of such contacts and exchanges.

Both sides view bilateral trade as another area from which mutual benefit can be
derived, and agreed that economic relations based on equality and mutual benefit are
in the interest of the peoples of the two countries. They agree to facilitate the
progressive development of trade between their two countries.

29

The two sides agreed that they will stay in contact through various channels,
including the sending of a senior U.S. representative to Peking from time to time
for concrete consultations to further the normalization of relations between the
two countries and continue to exchange views on issues of common interest.

The two sides expressed the hope that the gains achieved during this visit would open
up new prospects for the relations between the two countries. They believe that the
normalization of relations between the two countries is not only in the interest of
the Chinese and American peoples but also contributes to the relaxation of tension in
Asia and the world.

President Nixon, Mrs Nixon and the American party expressed their appreciation for the
gracious hospitality shown them by the Government and people of the People's Republic
of China.

February 28, 1972.

AFTERMATH--PRINCIPALS BACK IN RESPECTIVE CAPITALS

Chou Departs Shanghai After Sendoff

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1750 GMT 29 Feb 72 B

[Text] Shanghai, February 29, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier of the State Council Chou En-lai and other comrades left here for Peking by special plane this afternoon.

They were given a warm send-off at the airport by Chang Chun-chiao, member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, first secretary of the CCP Shanghai Municipal Committee and chairman of the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee; leading members of the CCP Shanghai Municipal Committee; the Shanghai Municipal Revolutionary Committee, the Chinese People's Liberation Army units stationed in Shanghai and other organizations concerned, including Wang Hung-wen, Ma Tien-shui, Chou Chun-lin, Hsu Ching-hsien, Wang Hsiu-chen, Yang Fu-chen, Chin Tsu-min, Wang Shao-yung, Kao Chih-jung, Chang I-ai, Feng Kuo-chu, Chang Ching-piao, Huang Tao, Wu Chan-kuei and Hu Kai-te; as well as more than 3,000 people.

Shanghai airport was all astir when Premier Chou En-lai and the other comrades came
to the airport and bade farewell to the crowds. Waving flowers and colourful streamers,
people shouted "Warm send-off to Premier Chou En-lai and the other comrades!"
"Long live Chairman Mao!" and other slogans amid a din of gongs and cymbals.

Leaving Shanghai for Peking by the same plane were Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei,
Vice Foreign Minister Chiao Kuan-hua and leading members of departments concerned,
including Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui,
Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua and Wang Chen.

Welcomed at Peking Airport

Peking NCNA International Service in English 1735 GMT 29 Feb 72 B

[Text] Peking February 29, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Premier of the State Council Chou En-lai, Foreign Minister Chi Peng-fei and Vice Foreign Minister Chiao Kuan-hua returned here from Shanghai by special plane this afternoon after accompanying U.S. President Nixon on his visit to southern China. More than 5,000 people in the Chinese capital, including commanders and fighters of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and militiamen, gathered at the airport, which was alive with warm expressions of

30

revolutionary unity and vigor. They expressed their firm support for Chairman Mao's revolutionary line in foreign affairs and their resolve to carry it out. In a joyous mood, they awaited the arrival of Premier Chou En-lai and the other comrades.

Present at the airport to greet them were:

Members of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China Chiang Ching, Yeh Chien-ying, Yao Wen-yuan and Li Hsien-nien; alternate members of the Political Bureau of the CCP Central Committee Chi Teng-kuei and Li Te-sheng;

Vice chairmen of the Military Commission of the CCP Central Committee Hsu Hsiang-chien and Nien Jung-Chen;

Members of the CCP Central Committee Kuang Jen-nung, Liu Hsien-chuan, Hua Kuo-feng, Chen Shih-chu, Chen Hsien-jui, Li Chen, Li Shui-ching, Li Fu-chun, Wu Te, Chang Tsai-chien, Chang Ta-chih, Su Ching, Hsiao Ching-kuang, Yu Chiu-li, Keng Piao, Tsao Li-huai, Peng Shao-hui, Su Yu and Tsai Chang; alternate members of the CCP Central Committee Fang I, Shih Shao-hua, Liu Hsi-yao, Wu Chung and Huang Wen-ming;

Kuo Mo-jo, member of the CCP Central Committee and vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and Ngapo Ngawang Jigme, vice chairman of the NPC Standing Committee; and

Fu Tso-i, vice chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

At about 4 p.m., Premier Chou En-lai and Chi Peng-fei, Chiao Kuan-hua, Yu Sang, Hsiung Hsiang-hui, Chang Wen-chin, Yang Te-chung, Ma Jen-hui, Hsu Han-ping, Han Hsu, Wang Hai-jung, Peng Hua, Wang Chen, Chi Chao-chu, Tang Wen-sheng, Chang Han-chih, Shen Jo-yun and other members of the working staff stepped down from the plane amid warm applause. Chiang Ching, Yeh Chien-ying, Yao Wen-yuan, Li Hsien-nien, Chi Teng-kuei, Li Te-sheng and other comrades went forward and warmly shook hands with them. When Premier Chou En-lai and the other comrades, and the leading comrades who had come to welcome them, went to meet the welcoming crowds, the airport became a scene of jubilation. People beat drums and gongs, waved bouquets and kept shouting "Warm welcome to Premier Chou En-lai and other comrades!" "Firm support for Chairman Mao's revolutionary line in foreign affairs!" "The proletariat and the oppressed people and nations all over the world, unite!" "Long live the great unity of the people of the world!" and "Long live Chairman Mao!" Premier Chou En-lai and other comrades kept clapping their hands in acknowledgement.

Leading members of departments under the CCP Central Committee, government departments and the Peking Municipal Revolutionary Committee Wang Liang-en, Jen Yun-chung, Shen Chien, Li Yao-wen, Han Nien-lung, Ma Wen-po, Pai Hsiang-kuo, Wang Meng, Chen Mu-hua, Li Liang-han, Chen Shao-kun, Kang Shih-en, Chien Cheng-ying, Mao Hung-hsiang, Sha Feng, Yang Chieh, Yin Cheng-chen, Fan Tzu-yu, Hsieh Hua, Chih Chun, Wu Ching-tung, Lin Chia-mei, Yu Li-chun, Ting Kuo-yu, Hsieh Ching-i, Chang Chi-chih, Liu Chien-kung, Lu Ying, Ting Chiao, Shen Kuang, Wang Chien-kung, Fu Hao, Liu Cheng-ching, Kao Fu yu, Jen Chi-sheng, Liu Chuan-hsin, Wang Hsiao-i, Yu Chan, Liu Chun, Ho Ying, Chang Tsan-ming, Han Li-yeh, Chen Te-oho, Ko Po-nien, Wang Tung, Ling Ching, Yang Ko-ming, Chu Chuan-hsien, Hsiao Te, Chang Chan-wu, Yao Kuang, Sung Chih-kuang, Hsu Ming, Kang Mao-chao, Liu Shu-ching, Chao Cheng-i, Chen Feng, Ko Pu-hai, Li Lien-pi and Liu Chien;

Leading members of various departments of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Tien Wei-hsin, Feng Yung-shun, Yao Kuo-min, Chai Cheng-wen and Chang Ting;

31

Members of the NPC Standing Committee Hsieh Fu-min, Pei Shih-chang, Hua Lo-keng, Chi Fang, Hu Yu-chih and Lo Shu-chang;

Members of the Standing Committee of the CCPCC National Committee Chang Hsi-jo, Chou Pei-yuan and Liu Fei; Members of the CCPCC National Committee Tu Yu-ming and Cheng Tung-kuo; and

Leading members of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship With Foreign Countries and personages from various circles Wang Kuo-chuan, Ting Hsi-lin, Ting Hsueh-sung, Chou Chiu-yeh, Wang Yeh-chiu, Liu Ching-tang, Hsueh Ching-hua, Li Te-lun, Chuang Tse-tung, Lin Hui-ching, Ni Chih-chin, Wu Chieh-ping, Wu Huan-hsing and Chu Fu-tang.

## Nixon Returns to Washington

Peking NCNA International Service in English 0031 GMT 2 Mar 72 B

[Text] Peking, March 1, 1972 (HSINHUA)--Richard Nixon, president of the United States of America, Mrs Nixon and the presidential party returned to the American capital, Washington, by special plane shortly after nine p.m. (American Eastern Standard Time) on February 28 after a week-long visit to the People's Republic of China, according to a report from Washington.

William P. Rogers, U.S. secretary of state, Dr Henry A. Kissinger, assistant to the President on national security affairs, and other official members accompanying President Nixon on his visit to China arrived on the same plane.

President and Mrs Nixon and the presidential party were met at the airport by U.S. Vice President Spiro Agnew and Mrs Agnew, members of the cabinet, congressional leaders of both parties, government employees and people of various circles. President Nixon's two daughters were also at the airport. Foreign diplomatic envoys in Washington also met the President at the airport. Western news agency reporters noted the absence of the so-called "ambassador" of the Chiang Kai-shek clique.

At a brief welcoming ceremony at the airport, President Nixon gave a ten-minute television speech.

Yesterday, President Nixon called a meeting with 21 leading senators and House members of both parties at which he gave an account of his China visit. He followed the congressional meeting with a cabinet meeting.

President Nixon and party returned to Washington via Anchorage, Alaska.

## TREATMENT, COVERAGE OF VISIT BY PRC MEDIA

PRC media provided extensive, straightforward coverage, without comment, of the President's visit and related events. NCNA's domestic service, Radio Peking, in both its domestic and international services, Peking and Canton television stations-- all carried substantially the same material as NCNA International Service in English, from which was taken all but one item in this report. Besides relaying the national hookup program from Radio Peking, many regional radios broadcast items on the visit in their locally originated programs. The country's leading newspaper, PEOPLE'S DAILY, provided daily coverage of the visit, including a generous photographic display.

SPIEGEL Titel

Gipfel-Partner Tschou En-lai, Mao Tse-tung, Nixon, Kissinger in Maos Wohnung in Peking*: „Im Hause des Brandstifters ein Fest

# Gipfel in Peking: Das Spiel wird riskanter

„Was wir hier tun, kann die Welt verändern“, sagte Präsident Nixon in Peking, und er schien recht zu behalten: Mao selbst streckte dem Law-and-Order-Präsidenten die Hand entgegen – und auch dem deutsch-

stämmigen Nixon-Gehilfen Kissinger, der den Gipfel des Jahrhunderts erdacht und vorbereitet hatte. Doch der Preis für die Annäherung scheint hoch: Die asiatischen Staaten sind irritiert, und Moskau fühlt sich umzingelt.

Ailes war wie ein Traum – so unwirklich, geschichtsträchtig und bizarr wie die ersten Bilder vom Mond:

Das Sternenbanner in Peking und eine chinesische Militärkapelle, die „America the Beautiful“ intoniert; ein amerikanischer Präsident auf der großen Chinesischen Mauer; eine Präsidenten-Gattin, die in der Kommune „Immergrün“ chinesische Schweine mit chinesischem Kohl füttert; und schließlich die Welt per Bildschirm zu Haus beim Großen Steuermann Mao Tse-tung.

„Ich kann einfach nicht glauben, was ich hier sehe“, entfuhr es dem amerikanischen China-Experten Jim Thompson von der Harvard-Universität. Ungläubig wie Thompson schaute, hörte, las die ganze Welt eine Woche lang Chineseisches.

Richard Nixon und Tschou En-lai in lauter, offenkundig gelockerter Unterhaltung, der Amerikaner ein paar Brocken chinesisch („Ni hao“), der Chinese amerikanisch („Hello“) radebrechend; Patricia Nixon mit Fingern und Stäbchen in chinesischen Töpfen und Pfannen; amerikanischer Beifall für ein chinesisches Revolutions-Ballett, und das

am 240. Geburtstag von George Washington.

Gewiß, ohne die Gewähr für ein Minimum an Ehren wäre der Theatraliker Nixon nicht nach Peking gefahren. Niemand hatte erwartet, daß die Chinesen ihren Gast mit einem Spruchband „Yankee, go home“ empfangen würden. Doch eine kühle, geschäftsmäßige Atmosphäre schien für eine erste Annäherung nach 25 Jahren Feindschaft gerade hinreichend.

Kühl und geschäftsmäßig war es denn auch beim Empfang. Nicht einmal 50 chinesische Politiker und Funktionäre erwarteten Nixon auf dem Pekinger Flughafen. „Definitiv keine Menschenmenge“, meldete das amerikanische Vorauskommando über Sprechfunk dem in seiner „Spirit of ’76“ einschwebenden Präsidenten.

Doch kaum war der Konvoi der großen Handgefertigten „Rote-Fahne“-Limousinen nach 50 Minuten Fahrt durch menschenleere Straßen in der Hauptstadt des volkreichsten Staates der Welt angelangt, da wurden dem Amerikaner Ehren zuteil wie kaum je einem Gast vor ihm.

Anders als andere Staatschefs wurde Richard Nixon sofort vom Vorsitzenden Mao empfangen – in dessen Privathaus in der „Verbotenen Stadt“, das kaum je von einem Fremden betreten, von dem kaum je ein Photo veröffentlicht worden war. In tiefen Sesseln, zwischen sich ein Tischchen mit Tee, neben sich riesige Spucknäpfe, führten Mao und Nixon, assistiert nur von Premier Tschou und Henry Kissinger, ein erstes „ernstes und offenes Gespräch“.

Und dann geschah, was viele ergriff und andere verbitterte: Mao, jener ferne gelbe Gott, der einer ganzen Welt Symbol wurde für antiautoritäres Aufbegehren, streckte Richard Nixon, dem Law-and-Order-Präsidenten, die Hand entgegen. Mao, der Visionär des „Großen Sprunges nach vorn“ und der „Großen Proletarischen Kulturrevolution“, ein Pragmatiker?

Einen neuen Höhepunkt lieferte Tschou, als er einen Toast nicht nur auf die Gesundheit seines Gastes darbrachte, nicht nur auf das „große amerikanische Volk“, sondern vor versammelter Parteiprominenz auch noch die „chinese“.

• 2. v. 1. Dolmetscherin Tang Wen-schen

84

# Jetzt passt Fiat das Auto dem Menschen an.

## Die Autos müssen beweglicher werden.

Wenn man von der Größe allein ausgeht, ist ein kleiner Wagen beweglicher als ein großer. Aber wenn wir Unfälle und Verstopfungen vermeiden wollen, genügt es nicht, kleine Autos zu bauen.

Auch auf diesem Gebiet haben wir bei Fiat uns etwas einfallen lassen.

Der Fiat 127 und 128, zwei unserer preisgünstigsten Wagen, haben Fahreigenschaften, die selbst in einigen der teuersten europäischen Autos nicht zu finden sind.

Aber eine Liste der Vorzüge kann diesen Autos nicht gerecht werden. Man muß sie fahren. Die Fiat 127 und 128 sind beide im Jahre ihrer Vorstellung europaweit zum «Auto des Jahres» gewählt worden.

## Autos brauchen keine zu starken Maschinen.

Eine große Maschine ist teuer beim Kauf und teuer im Verbrauch. Besonders wenn man sich überlegt, wie selten man sie voll ausfährt.

Was die Leute wollen, ist ja letzten Endes nicht der starke Motor an sich, sondern die Möglichkeit, schnell zu beschleunigen und gute Reise-

geschwindigkeiten fahren zu können.

Genau das bietet Fiat. Einen vernünftigen Motor.

Der Fiat 128 zum Beispiel fährt den meisten Wagen seiner Klasse davon. Er beschleunigt sogar besser als manches Auto, das noch ein paar hundert Kubik mehr Hubraum hat. Er hat eine Spitzengeschwindigkeit von über 140 km/h, und eine dauernde Reisegeschwindigkeit von 120 oder 125 km/h macht ihm überhaupt nichts aus. Obwohl der Motor nur 1116 cm³ hat.

## Anpassung an die Menschen.

Wir hoffen, Sie haben verstanden, wie wir's meinen. Wir glauben, daß das Auto anfangen muß, sich dem Menschen anzupassen. Wir erwarten von den Leuten nicht, daß sie sich Autos kaufen, um der Allgemeinheit zu dienen und ihre eigenen Wünsche unterdrücken. Wir meinen, daß die Fiats, die wir heute bauen, beiden Seiten gerecht werden.

Etwas für den Einzelnen. Etwas für uns alle.

Fiat 128

Fiat 127

FIAT