Henricethe fifth.

Citie was brought into so muche miserie, that it is not lelle
maruaple than pitiful to heare.

In this mean time during thisliege of Roane. The duke
of Excester besieged the Citie of Eneroys, also about the rr. of
Auguſt king Henrie, had thzeé maruellous victories in Nor-
mandie. The first was that one hundered Englishmen take liſ,
great Lords at a place called Kilbuiſe, and put to flight thzé
hundred and foureſoure persons besides. The ſecond was,
ſoure hundered of his enimies entred within the suburbs
of the Towne of Ebroicens, and eleauen Englishmen chafed
them away and toke ſoure of them, and lew twelve ſ toke
40. of their hozzles. The thirde was, the enimies would in-
deede haue taken the towne which was called Leuers, but the
Captaine of the ſame with an hundered of our men wente
out againſt a thousand of them, and ouercame them, ſ toke
180. gentlemen of the enimies. Aboute this tyme also
Captaine de la Bouche toke the Towne of Pontoys by
Paris.

The Parſon of Wrotham in Norſſolke, whoche haunted
Newmarket Heath, and there robbed and ſpotted manp, was
with his Concubine brought to Newgate of London, where he
dped in prſon.

John Brian: Ralphe Barton, the. 28. of Sep. John Parmeſſe,
the. 28. of October.

This Iohn Brian Sheriſe, as he came one a time from
Wapping in the Woſe, thinking to haue eſed himſelſe beyond
Saint Katherines Hill, ſell into the Thamis and was dragged
by againe by his men and the Piller, but dped therof with
in a ſeauen-night, in whose place was choſen Iohn Parmeſſe.

William Seuenoke Grocer, the. 28. of October.

This William Seuenoke, when he was a neſve bozne
babe, was ſonnde at a Town called Seuenoke in Kent, where
by charitable people he was chriſſened by the name of Wil-
liam, and ſo that his father or mother could not be known,
they gaue him to ſurname Seuenoke being by the brought
by till he was able to ſerue, they then bounde him prentiſe

with

Sherifes.

R Major.

Henric the fifth.

With a Citizen of London, where after his good service, God
indued him with such wisedome and wealthe, that he came
to be Paioz of that Citie: who being not unthankefull to
God and the common wealth, among other his charitable
works, founded in the Towne of Seuenoke, where he hadd
bin nourished, a Fræ schole and thirteene almes houses.

When the Citizens of Roane, perceyued themselves
maruellously afflicted by famine, (as is befoe the wed, and
also to be in dispaire of succour, from the Frenchmen, nowe
after halsc a peares slege and more, upon certaine conditi-
ons, theyp deliuered to the king of England their Citie, castle,
Tower, Abbayes, Churches, houses, Citizens, Captapnes,
Garisons, and generallye all, things that were within the
Citie, whatfoeuer theyp wer. The rir. day of Januarie, there
had dyed within this Citie (as was layde) soz defalt of bi-
uals during this slege mo than xxx. thousande people. This
noble King the rather to relieve this oppreſſed Citie, oz-
dayned the fame to be the chieſe Chamber of all Normandie,
and ozdayned hys erchequer, hys Treasurie, and hys cop-
nage to be kepte in the fame, he also edified a strong tower
behinde the Caffle. Whileſt the King ordered his buſinesſe
at Roane, he ſente diuerſe Lozdes with strong puſſaunce of
people, to receyue the Caffelles of Townes boz derying
oppon Roane, amongſt whom the Duke of Clarence, in choſt
tyme reduſed to the King, the mightie Caffell of Galiarde,
the Towne of Vernon, the Towne of Naunte, the Ca-
ſtell of Bandmounte, and manpe other strong places and
holdes.

The Earle of Salisburie, wth the Garrison to hym
alligned toke the Town of Hounſlowe, the Towne of Moun-
fleur de Villers, the towne of Ewe, the Towne of Gurney, the
neue Caffle, and generallye all the places in that
part.

This were Quene Iane the Kings kепmother being de-
famed by certaine persons, of some wicked practice by
Witchcraft.

Annus reg. 7.

1419

604

Henrie the fifth.

Witchcraft of Sorcerie, that she had deuised against the R.
by the counsell of Frier Randolph a Doctor of Diuinitie
hir Confessor, hauing all hir seruaunts put from hir, was
committed to the culkody of John Wellam, who appoynted
nine seruaunts to attend hir, brought hir unto the Castell
of Pemfey, to be gouerned under his prouidence. Frier Ran-
dolph was sent to the Tower, where at length, to wæte, in
Anno. 1429. the sikte of June, he was slaine by the Parson
of the Tower, falling out at words with him. And after,
Quæne Ioane was delivered. Kyng Henry sente his hoz-
ther Humfrey Duke of Gloucester, accompanped wyth the
Earle Marshall, and a greate power of armed men to lave
siege afore the Towne and Castell of Tuory, which Town,
after many affaults and battayles, the Duke toke by force:
But the Castell therewas not yelded, til the thirteenth of
Pay. The King also sent the Earle of Huntington wyth a
power from Maunt, to the Towne of Pontois, by which, it is
were taken, he might hauë the moze sure and easie passage
to Paris. Those whyche were sent, at the entry of the night
were come nygh unto Pontois, where, in a Wood thep lefte
their hozses, and that done, in the darkenesse of the night,
they went on kowe to the ditches of the Towne, whych then
were dape, where parte of them lay on the banks of the dit-
ches, with their Ladders in their handles ready to scale the
walles when time choulde serve, and the residue hyd them
in the Tines, where they might be ready to enter the town
at the opening of the gates. At the bzeake of the dape, they
of the towne changed their Watche, at the whych change,
the walles were lefte without Watches for the time. But
the English seepng time to accomplishe their intent, rap-
sed their Ladders, and scaled the walles, and by that mea-
nes, entred the Towne: where, some of them forthwith wyth
bake the gate, and made entry for the rest of their compa-
ny, whiche, when the garrisons of the Town percepued, as
me amazèd, they turned themselves to flight. But not long
after, they armed them, and assayed their enimies, but to
the

Henricus the fifth.

the Englishmens great anaple, the Earle of Huntingdon with his company set spurres to theyz hordes, and halted them to the succour of their first company, whereby the Frenchmen as al discouraged and in dispaire to saue the Towne, at the fight of these newe rescues that came to the Englishmen, leading behinde them all their riches and substaunce endeaououred themselves to escape by flight, and so the towne of Pointois, auoyded of all Frenchmenne, was lefte free to the English. After these enterprises thus affchiened, the King with all his company came to this Towne of Pointois, where he aboade a certaine time, from whence he sent the Duke of Clarence with a chosen power of men to Paris, to view his situation and strength thereof, before which Citie, when he had tarried certaine dayes and had seene all that him liked, and that none of the Frenchmen would issue out of the Citie, to fight with him, he returned to the King, and assistaned him of all that he had seene.

On the night of Auguſt, King Henricus with all his hoffe departed from Pointois. And because the Caffell of Bokinvillers had done certaine inhumane cruelties to the Kings landes that bozdered thereabout, to the intent to repræſſe theyz malice, the King lodged himselfe not far from thence, and sent certaine to affault the ſame Caffle, where both the inhabitants and garrisons keared so much the King, that as men desperate of all succours theye yeielded both Caffel and gods. And then all the townes, Caffels and holdes within a great circuite, without abyping battaile, yeielded them to the King: but that strong and mightie town of Gysfors, whereof the Caffel is much more defensible, than the Town, would not submit to the King, wherefore on the last day of Auguſt the King with all his hoff toke his journey thither, and enclosed the Towne with his pavilions and tentes. Betwixt him and them of the Towne, were many harpe battaples and cruell affaultes, but at all times the Englishmen put the Frenchmen to flight, whereof the inhabitants and garrisons of the towne and Caffel delivere[d] the ſame to the King in the

Bokinvillers
yeielded.

605

Henric the fifth.

the priij. of September.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Richard Whitingham: John Butler, the 28 of September,
Richard Whitington Mercer, the 28 of October.

King Henric returned with his army to Maunt, where
he deuied his holt into thre battapes, whereof he delivere
red the one to the Duke of Glocester, whome he sente to subdue the Towne of Saint Germaines, which after mane battapes and affaultes, in thort time was peeld to him:the seconde battaple he sent to the Caffell of Mount Oye, which
in like manner was peeld: with the thirde battaple, the
King in hys owne person went to besiege Mewlance, which
aboue al other was most strong. The situation of this towne
was in a plenteous Jle betwirte two armes of the sea etc.
notwithstanding when the inhabitauntes and Carifons
sawe the great prouision of the King, they peeld the towne,
on the last day of October: from thence the Kyng returned
againe to Maunt, and sente the Duke of Excester to besiege
the Castle of Galtarde, whiche to him was peeld the rr of
December.

King Henric kept his Chriftmasse in the Citie of Roane,
he sent the Earle of Salisburie, to take the Towne of Fresvey,
which in thorte time he toke. The Earle Marhal and the
Earle of Huntington, were sente by the Kyng to subdue the
Prouince of Shenon, where the Dolphin had deputed a Capitaine with a strong power, whiche Captaine mette the two
Carles, and gaue them battaple, but the Englishmen remayned conquerors. And thus those two Carles subdued the
prouince of Shenon, without any other great refiftaunce.

Whilet these and many other victories wer atchieued,
the King continuing in the Citie of Roane, the amballadoys
of Charles the French King, of the Duke of Burgoigne, came
to the King to treate of peace, where of the King they were
right honourably recepued, and sent with him to the French
King and the Duke of Burgoigne, hys amballadours, wyth
full authority to conclude this long soughte peace: the pinteripall amballadour was the Earle of Warwicke, in compa

up

Henrie the fifth.

ny of certaine Bishops and other discrete men, accompanied with a strong power of armed men. These ambassadors were first brought to the Duke of Burgoigne, because he was next to them, and after they took their journey until they came to the Citie of Troys, where they founde King Charles of France with the Ducente his wife, and that beautifull Lady Katheren they daughter. And entring into communication of peace with the Kings counsell of France, the waye of peace was founde betwirt those two Kings by alliance, that is to say, by a marriage to be made betwirt 3 most victorious K. of England, & the Lady Katherin daughter to 3 King & Ducente of France: but because they perceived that many things might not be done without the presence of the kings, as well so 3 apposition of their scales so 3 ratifying of 3 articles of this peace, as so the Solemnization of 3 matrimony, & also 3 King Charles was a man of many peres, they condescended to the K. of England at a certain day amost they limited thoulde come to the fozefayde Citie of Troys, as great an armed power as he woulde. At whiche day appointed, if he fapled to be there, al his communicatiu of peace should be as boyde. These things thus concluded & set down in writing, 3 erle of Warwicke, 3 his company returned to 3 K. of Englande, to whom they declared by order what they had done, who was contente in all things to performe their appointment, & prepared so his journey. He called together knights, men of arms & archers to 3 number of rbi. M. of the more part were Archers: & when the time came that he would depart toward Troys (as he was accustomed) he deuied his people in three parts & battayles, & two wings, and in that manner the city, day of May, he entred his journey toward Troys in Campaize, where he was met by the Duke of Burgoigne accompanied with manpe noble men, two leagues without the town, whom he received with great honor & due obseruance. Then this most victorious king accompanied both of English and Frenchmen of every estate & degree, entred the fozefaid Citie of Troy, & crêtes wherof without any abiding he

Anno reg. 8.

1420

608

Henricus the Fifth.

he passed until he came to three kings palace, where Charles and the Queen his wife abode his coming, of whom he was recevued goodly and after a princely manner. When the King of England was thus royalty received, after the due resolutions on his part made to King Charles the third, he departed from them, and by the Duke of Burgoigne and other great estates as well of England as of Fraunce, he was conueyed to his lodges. The Cittie was divided into two parts, whereof the one half was assigned to the Frenchmen of Burgonians, and the other half to the Englishmen: and bicaufe that parte assigned to the Englishmen, suffised not to recevye them all within the walles, but that a great part of the must be lodged in the suburbs, the King of Englande, bicaufe his people on that part should have free concourse together, he caused the wall on that part of the Citie where he was lodged, to be cast down to the ground. The King Charles gave authority to Isabel his wife and Queen, to Philip Duke of Burgoigne, and to certaine other of his Counsell plenarily to conclude the peace with King Henricus, for his part and for his realme of France, under such conditions as he hold be decreed, and also to promise, ratify, and confirm the same, by other solemnized in the parlement of Charles, without fraud, in all things to be observed unto the King. Henricus his heyzes and successeurs, by the sayde King Charles, his heyzes and successeurs, etc. On the part of May, in the year of the reigne of King Charles, in the Cathedral Church of Troys, the King of Englande with the Duke of Clarence his brother and other Dukes, Earles, Bishops, Barons, Lords of theukt, and other Princes of Englande, and Isabel the Queen of Fraunce, with the Duke of Burgoigne, and other of the Kings Counsel of Fraunce, and in that part his especiall commissioners, to and in the name of the King of Fraunce and also for themselves, &c. in their proper names, in a great assembly of the states, estates of Fraunce, vulgarly called the压 Parliamente, concluded a peace between the two Realmes of England & France, and the same ratified and approued with the conditions and articles

Henrie the fifth.

Articles that in part shall follow, whereupon writings were made, sealed with the bnaode, seale of the sapde king Charles. Then immediately Isabel, the Quæne and the Duke of Burgoigne, in the name of King Charles, made a solemn oath upon the holy Evangelistes, that y same Charles his heyzes and succellours shouldle obserue and keepe without kraude the peace made betwirt the two Realmes. And the same othe the Quæne and the Duke of Burgoigne in theyz owne names and for themselves theyz heyzes & succellours, made onto the King for him his heyzes and succellours, and after them as many as were there present both of the Kings counsel, and also of the Parliament, as Bischoppes, Lords, Knightes, and commons, made the same othe to the Kyng. And the rriif, and.rriiti, dave of May the Chauncellour of Fraunce, and many other Lords, Bishops, Prelates, and noble men gaue the like sapth and othe.

The thirde of June, being present the Counsell of Charles, Isabel Quæne of Fraunce, the Duke of Burgoigne, and the Parliament of Fraunce, and also the Duke of Clarence, with many Bishops, Lords, and Knightes of England, with King Henrie, the matrimonie was solemnized betwirt the most victorious King Henrie of England, and the excellent & glorious Lady Katherin, daughter to Charles of Fraunce and Isabel his Quæne. The peace that was confirmed betwirte the sapd two kings and their realmes was red as soloweth.

King Henrie from noylforth during the life of Kyng Charles shall not name or write himselfe King of Fraunce, noz shall not suffer himselfe of his people so to be named or written. After the death of King Charles, King Henry that be King of Fraunce peaceably with his heyzes and succellours. And because King Charles by reason of his infirmitie is unable to gouvere the common weale, King Henrie during y life of Charles, that rule and gouverne the realme of Fraunce, to the profit & honoz of the same King Charles. King Charles in al his writings that name the same King Henrie our Son and heyze of France, during the life of the said King Charles.

Mq.

Bing

610

Henrie the fifth.

King Henrie shall be written, Henrie King of Englande, and hepze and Regent of Fraunce, and in the like maner hee shall write himselse in all things that shall be authorized under his owne seale. King Henrie shall call King Charles his Father, and Quæne Isabel his mother and shall honoure them. King Henrie shall not prohibite, with-holde, noz defraude King Charles his Father of the Crowne of France, noz the issues of reuenues thereof. And the Quæne his mother at all times during his life he shall kepe in due estate as belongeth to his manerlie, etc. with diverse other Articles which so libertie I set not downe in this place.

After the final end and accomplishing of this marriage,
covenants and conditions, ratified in all parties, King Hen-
ric accompannyed of King Charles and of his counsel, of the
two Quænes, Isabel and Katherin, and of the Duke of Bur-
goigne, departed from Troys, and toke his journey to Paris,
and from Paris not many dayes after they all went to laye
siège to the Citie of Sens, whiche was to them contrarie, but
besoze the whole houſe were setled in their places, the Cap-
taine Citizens and Carisons submitted their bodies and
Citie with all that they had to the King. Then they haffed
to Monstreau, which Towne they toke by force.

On the rb. of July they went to the Citie of Melune, and inuironed the same with a stronglie, soz there were the Kings of Englande, of France, and Scotlande, the Duke of Burgoigne, Bauier, Clarence, Bedforde, and Excester, the Carles of March, Warwicke, Huntington, and Somerset, etc. This liege continued, riiij. wækes and odde dayes, from the keast of Mary Magdalen, to the keast of All Saintes, not without in a manner euery day a conflict and soze Skirmithe, but at length soz wante of vicularles the besieged, peeld themselues to the Kyngs of Englande and Fraunce, from whence the soz layde Kyngs with a greate parte of theyp armye wente to Paris.

Theo. Walſ.

Sherifes.
Maior.

John Butler: John Wels, the 28. of September.

William Cambridge Grocer, the 28. of October.

King

Henrie the fifth

611

King Henrie kept his Chriſtmaſſe in the Citie of Paris,
in the Caſſle of Saint Anthony. And after he had holden a
Parliamente there, he went to Roane, and therewith his
Normans, and Englishmen helde a Parliament. And the when
he had eſtablished ſure guarde for this Realme of Fraunce,
Dutchie of Normandie, he paſſed throughe Picardie to Caleis,
and so to Douer, where with his Quæne he landed on Can-
dlemaffe day.

Titus Liuius.

The fourteenth of Februaryie Quæne Katherin was
Crowned at Westminſter, unto whom the King alliſed to
hir dowrie. 10000 marks, alſo he conſented to the deliue-
rie of the King of Scots, who has bin long prisoner in Eng-
lande, with condition, that before his departure out of Eng-
lande, he shall take to wile the Duke of Somerſets ſister, niece
to the Cardinal of Winchesteſ.

The vry of March the duke of Clarence, with many other
Lords were claine beyond the Water of Leire in Fraunce, &
many Lords were taken prisoners, of the which the Carle
of Huntington and the Carle of Somerſet were principal.

In a Parliamèt at Westminſter it was oſdapned that no
man ſhould p[ro]ſer gold in payment, but if it helde waight,
wherefore was oſdapned Balances and weightes. The King
ſupp[er]ſed the French houſes of religious Monkes and Fri-
ers, and ſuch like in Englande, by cause they thought ill of the
Conqueſt ouer Fraunce, the ſey[nds] were giuen by him and
Henrie the fifth, to Monasteries and Colledges of learned
men.

In this Parliament was demaunded ſubſidie. The Bi-
chop of Winchesteſ lent the King 10000. pounde to ſtraint ſ
matter. The King hauing diſpoſed all thing in order cœmer-
ning the realme of England and the wars in Scotland, leauing
in Englande his Quæne, with a greate power to the num-
ber (after Enguerant) of thirſe thouſande, returned into
Fraunce, where, after he hadde bilited the King and Quæne
of Fraunce at Paris, he tooke the Caſſell of Drwex by assault.

Dq. y.

And

Anno reg. 9.

1421

612

Henrie the fifth.

And when he heard, that his enimies prepared themselues
to battaile, he appzched the floude of Loyre, aboute whyche
floud it was said his enimies were: but against him came
no man. Wherfore the Lyng ledde his hollt to lape sige to
the City of Sens, commonlpe called the Kings new Town,
whiche Towne for lacke of vidualles pelded themselues
and the Town to the King.

Titus Liuinus.

John Mortimer bake forthe of the Tower of London,
and bepng afterwards taken, he was drawen and hanged.

Richard de Goflelin: William Welton, the 28. of Septemb.

Sir Robert Chicheley Grocer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

This Spy Robert Chicheley, when he deceased in Anne
1439. willed in his Testament, that vpon his mind, day,
a competent dinner should be ordained for 2400. poze men,
housholders of the Citie, and twenty pounde in mony to be
distributed amongest them, whyche was to every man two
pence. He also with his brother William Chicheley Alder-
man of London gave liberally to the Almes houses founded
by his brother Henrie Chicheley Archebyshop of Canterbury,
at Higham Ferrers in Northamptonshire, in whych Towne
they were bozne.

In the Moneth of October, when King Henry had deli-
nered the Citie of Paris from all annoyances, he with his
hollt went to bessede the Citie of Meaulx in Brie, to whych
City high adiopning, is a place called by Marker of Meaulx,
betwixt which two places floweth the river of Marne, wht-
the also enuironeth bothe the same places.

Titus Liuinus.

Thys Citie was besieged all the Winter, wherein
were so manpe, and so greate sozmes and flouds of raine,
that the kings hoff was often annoyed with hüger & colde.

The sixth of December, Lady Katherine Quen of Eng-
lande, brought hir felle begotten sonne in the Ca-
kell of Windfere, and his name was gyuen him Henry: for
there receyued hym at the Founte, John Duke of Bedford
his uncle Lord Warden of England, and Henrie the Kings
uncle W. of Winchester, and Iaquelyn dutches of Holland that
remayne.

Henrie the fifth.

remained then in England. Henry Archbishop of Canterbury,
doing the office of Baptisme.

In the moneth of Februarie the Knights that were in
Carison, and the principall of þý Citie of Mealx percyuying
that the Sommer comming shoulde cause theliege to be
more light, and lesse painefull to the Englishmen, and difficult
unto themselves, departed the Citie and wente into that
place, that is called the Market of Mealx, as to the more des-
sensible holde, after whose departing the common people ha-
ving none ability to restock the Kings power, peelded them-
selves and the Citie to the King. After this in the moneth
of May, when the King had soze beaten the sozlayd Market
of Meaulx, he constrayned the Frenchmen that were besieged,
to condescende unto certaine couenauntes, and to deliuer
the place unto him : and shortly after were deliuered to the
King the towne of Orepy in Valois, the Cattle of Pier Pount-
meralaw, Offemout and many others. After the rendering of
these Townes and Castles the King returned to Paris.

In the moneth of Aprill Katherin Quæne of Englande
shipped at Hampton, and sayled over into Fraunce with a
strong power, under the conducte of lohn Duke of Bedforde
ý kings brother, Humfrey Duke of Glocester, being appoin-
ted Warden of England, in the Duke of Bedfordes place: wher
the comming of Quæne Katherin was knowne to Kyng
Henry hir husband, and to Charles king of France, both these
Kings, and with them the Quæne of Fraunce, accompanied
with many great Lozdes and estates, as well of Englande as
of Fraunce, went to meete hir at Boys de Viscenne, wher she was
toyfully receyued of them, as if she had bin an Angell sente
from God. The. xxx. day of May the two Kings of Englande
and Fraunce, with theþe Quænes departed from Bois de Vi-
scenne, and went to Paris: the king of England and his Quæn
were lodged in the Castell of Lowre, and the King of France
and his Quæne were lodged in the pallace of Saint Pauls.

King Henrie hearing that the Dolphen with a great po-
wer besieged the Towne of Guifney, he determined to goe

Dq.itf. him

Anno reg. 10

1422

Henrie the fifth.

himselfe to the raping of theliege, and so came to the sown
of Corbeil, and so to Senlis, where he wared so sicke, that he
was contrayned to tarry and send his brother the Duke of
Bedforde, to rescue thee of Cosney: but the Dolphin raped his
liege and departed thence. King Henrie his diteafe in-
creasing, he departed this life in the Cassetl called Boyes de
Visceme, not far from Paris, on the last of August, in the yeare
1422, when he had raigned nine yeares true monethes and
odde dapes. There was present at his death King Charles
of Fraunce, and the two Quences: but before his death this
moll prudent King disposed the guarde of the yong Prince
his sonne, and the defence of the realme of Englande, to his
brother Humfrey Duke of Glocester, but the culkodie of the
body of this yong Prince the King, committed to his uncle
the Duke of Excester: and the reuennues of the Dutchie
of Normandie, he bequethed to his brother John Duke of Bed-
forde, for the governaunce of the same Dutchy and of the
Realme of France. In his life time he reedified his roypall
manour that then was called Shine, and the Richmount: hee
founded two Monafteries upon the Thamis not farre from
Richmount, the one of Carthusians, whiche he named Bethlem,
the other of religious men and women of Saint Bridget, and
that he named Sion. He founded Gartar, principal Kyng at
armes of all Englishmen, and also the brotherhead of Sainte
Gyles without Creple Gate of London. Shorttly after his de-
parting, his bolwels were entered in the Church of Sainte
More de Fosses, and his corps well enbaulmed and seared,
was closed in leade: and accompanied with all the Lords,
estates, and commons of England, that were there presente,
with also many Lords and great effates, as well of France,
Normandie, Burgondie, and Picardie, was brought with greate
honour to Paris, and set in the Churche of our Ladie, where
were done for him right solemne equities, with distributio
of mony and great almes to the poize. From thence he was
broughte to Roane, where he aboade long. When all things
necessary

necessarie.

Inquverant.

Henrie the fifth.

necessary were prepared for the convepsunce of the deade
King into Englande, hys body was layd in a Chariot, whi-
che was drawen by soure great hoijles: and aboue the dead
corpes they layd a figure made of boyled hydes or leather,
representing his person, as nyghe to the semblaunce of
him as could be denifed, painted curiously to the similitude
of a liuing creature : upon whose heade was set an Empe-
riall Diadem of golde and precious stones: and in his right
hand he helde a Scepter royall, and in his lefte hand a ball
of gold. And in this manner adozned was this figure layd
in a bedde in the sayde Chariot, with hys bysage vncouered
tolward the heauens: and the couerture of hys bedde was of
red silke beaten with golde: and besides that, when the body
shoulde paffe through anye good Town, a Canapie of mar-
uaplous great value, was bozne ouer the Chariot, by men
of great wozchippe. In this manner accompanied of the
King of Scottes, and of all Princes, Lozdes, and nightes
of hys house, he was broughte from Roane to Abouile,
where the Corpse was set in the Churche of Sainte Of-
frane. From Abouile, he was broughte to Hedin, and from
thence to Menstrenll, so to Bulloigne, and to Caleis. In all
thys iourny were many men about the Chariot clothed al
in white, which bare in theyr handes tozchesburning, after
whom followed al the houyholde seruauntes in blacke, and
after them came the Princes, Lozdes, and effates of the
Kyngs bloud, adozned in beltures of mourning: and after
all thys, from the sayde Corpse the distaunce of two Eng-
lishe myles followed the Quene of Englande righte honou-
rably accompanied. In thys manner they entred Caleis,
from whence after a seve dayes they departed, and con-
tinued theyr iourneps by water and lande vntill they
came to London, where they arriued about the tenth of Po-
uember, & so were conuied by London bridge through Cheap
to the Cathedrall Churche of Saint Paule: upon the coue-
ring of the foymosse of the soure hoijles that conuayed
the Chariot, wer imbezodered the auntient armes of Englad:

Dq. iij.

tpon

618

Henry the sixth.

Hiftory of Loys
Duke of Orléance.
Charles le
Bievv King of
France dyed.

this world, and was buried at S. Denis in France, after he had
bin Crowned King 46. yeares. He was greatly beloved of
his people all his life time, and therefoze was called Le Roy
Charle le biew ame: but yet he had a sicknelfe the more part of
his raigne, that being out of his witte, he woulde strike all
that came nere him: it twke him firſt in the Citie of Mans
hoſtly after he had bin in Flanders to reduce the Flemings to
obedience. There was by reafon heereof great trouble in
France, bycause those that were nere to him in lignage,
ſought euery one to haue the chieſe gouvernement in theſeu
hands. When he thus dyed, the Realme was left in mile-
table ſtate, ſo, people of each ſtrange nation were goner-
noures in the Realme. Firſt, the Englishmen had conquered a
great parte, and ſought to haue the reſk: and the Duke of
Burgoigne, with many other great Loſzes allied with hym,
ſought to conquere all, ſo the vong King Henry of England
who clapmed then to be King of France, and likewife in all
the money that was cопned, the Armes of both Realmes
were quartered. The Crownes that were stamped in the
tyme of Charles, and all other monep more, were ſoſbidden
to be currant, and called to the Minde. King Henry caused
a péece to be stamped called a Salus, wozth two and twen-
tie Shillings, and Blans of eygħtpence a péece, and ſo in
no place of France where King Henry was obeped, any o-
ther monep was receyued, but ſuche as had the Armes of
France and England stamped on it.

Henry King of
England and of
France.

Charles Duke of Tourayne the Dolphin, ſonne to King
Charles le biew ame, clapming to be right inherito to the
Realme of France, by the auntient Edictes and cuitomes of
the ſayde Realme as was alledged, p[ro]clapmed himſelfe
King after the deceasse of hys father, notwithstanding, by
the agrément made at the marriage of his Hitter to the
King of England, it was otherwise concluded (as before is
recited) and ſo there were two Kings in France, Henry and
Charles, both which striuing ſo, the Crowne, the Realme
was in wap of perdition.

Dolphin of
France proclay-
med King of
France.

Two Kings of
France, Henry
and Charles,

Henry the sixth.

619

A Parliament at London began the ninth of November, Parliament at London.
wherin was granted to the King a subsedie for three peares, five nobles of euery sache of woe that should passe out of the land.

This year, the Weale Gate of London (sometime called Chamberlaine Gate) was begun to be new builded, by the ex-
cutors of Sir Richard Whitington, late Patoz of London.

Nevr gate of
London nev
builded.
Ant. S. Paul, Lon.

1423

King Charles of France began now to aduance himselfe
into the D.of Burgoines lands, and the Conneitable of Scot-
land, accompanied with many Lords, and men of war of K.
Charles five, layd séege to the towne of Carnens, but the Mar-
shall of Burgoigne assembled men of warre to raise the séege,
with whome went the Earle of Salisburie, a valiant man, and
now being come togither, fought with their enimies, wan
the field, toke the Conneitable, whose sonne was slayne in
the field. Many of K. Charles men were slayne and taken to
the number of tenne or twelue hundred god men of warre.
After whiche victorie, the Earle of Salisburie layde séege to
Montaguillon in Champaigne, and continued there an eyght
monethes before he could have it rendred, and then caused
the same to be rased and throue downe. Then the Earle
of Salisburie beseeged the Caffell of Monnes, which at length
was peeld to him: this Caffell he also rased & bet downe,
which was the strongest place in all. Champaigne, it was al-
ter repaired by King Charles.

The Earle of Salisburie vvan diuers holds in France, and rased them.

Annoreg. 2.

Nicholas Iames: Thomas Wanford, the 28. of Septemb.

William Crowmar Draper, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. §

About the same time, the Duke of Burgoigne gave his fil-
ker the Lady Anne in marriage to the Duke of Bedford. and
so the alliance was made more strong betwixt the English
& the Burgonians.

Duke of Bedf
ford married the
Duke of Bur
goignes daugh-
ter.

Phillip de Comines Wiziteth, that John D. of Bedford, was
Regent in France for the Englishmen, his monethly allowance
in that office amounting to 20000. Crownes at the
lealt.

Phi. Com.

Also, þ Dukes of Burgoigne, Bedford, & Britein, met in þ towa

ok.

Henry the sixth.

of Amiens, there was also the Earle of Richmond, brother to the Duke of Briteine, and many other great Lords, which the Earle of Richmond had married the Duke of Briteines eldest sister Margaret, sometime wife to the Duke of Guyen, and Dolphin of France. These three Dukes were five or six days together in Amiens, in great friendship and reverence each to other, promising perpetual amity to continue. After this, the Duke of Briteine returned into his Countrey, the Duke of Bedford, (Regent of France,) to Paris, and the D. of Burgoigne, to Arras, but within a while after the Earle of Richmond revolted to King Charles, upon some milking he had conceyed against the Duke of Bedford. King Charles receyed him iopfully, and made him Conneitable of France.

About the same time, the Duke of Bedford caused Croy to be beheaded both by water and by land, which after four days five monethes féege, was both Towne and Caskell delivered to the Duke, where he was deputed Ralph Butler to be Captayne. At that time, the Duke of Bedford was obeyed as Regent in all places through Vimeu, Pontieu, and Picardy, from Paris to Reins, Chalons, and Troyes, up to the water of Loyre.

About the feast of Saint Andrew, the Captaynes of King Charles assembled their forces about Le Fere, and Nelle, and took by night the Towne of Campeigne, and spoyled the inhabitants of all their goods. Shortly after came the Duke of Bedford to Mondidier with twelve hundred fighting men, and requested the Lord of Savennes to lay féege to Campeigne, and he would find him men and money to wage them, whereupon he graunted, and after fifteen days féege, had the same delivered.

In the month of February, James Steward, the pong King of Scottes, who was taken by the Englishmen in the eight yeare of King Henry the fourth, and had remayned in England prisoner till this time, was now deliuered, and married in Saint Mary Oueryes Church in Southwarke to the Lady Jane, daughter to John Earle of Somerset, cousin to King Henry.

King of Scottes
releasèd of im-
prisonment.

Sir

Henry the sixth.

Sir John Mortimer, Knight, was drawn to Tiborne, and there hanged and quartered, but his body was buried in Saint Johns Church at Clarkenwell.

King Henryes people besetting the Caffell of Dimry in the marches of Normandy, they within compounded to yield at a day alligned, if the Englishmen were not sought withall before the same day by the Frenchmen : whereupon as well King Charles, as the Duke of Bedford, made great leuies of men to keepe the day appoynted, and hærewith thep drew both towards Tury : but when King Charles heard how the Duke of Bedford was comming towardes him with such a puissance, he was counselled to draw backe, and so he did towards Vernole in Perche, whome the Duke of Bedford followed, so that he found his armie nere to Vernole. And when eyther armie was in fight of the other, they put themselves in order of battell, and the Englishmen made an hedge of their Hozze behind their battell, because the French should not strike in among them on the backes: and the Frenchmen ordered themselves in battell array, making a great battell of kootemen, in the which, they put the foure and chieſſe men. They appoynted their Hozſſemen to set on the Englishmen a trauerſe, the battaples on koot came upon and ioyned, where was a ſoſe fight betwirt them, continuing two hours togither, that no man might judge which way the victorie would encline: but at length, the men of King Charles began to brieake, and then the Englishmen began to thrauff in among them, and did so much, that they discomſtited their enimies. There were slayne the Earle Dowglas, Duke of Turon, Iames Dowglas, Earle of Wighton, Iohn Earle of Boughan, with the Aicount Nerbon, and many other, to the number of tenne thousand (ſapth Fabian) ſoure thouſande ſapeth mine Author (a Frenchman) who ſapeth, that the Duke of Bedford bare himſelſe moſt valiantly, fighting with an are so ſtercely, as he had the praple of all other. The Earles of Salisburie and Suffolke governing themſelues also right valiantly.

The

The Batteil of
Vernole in
Perche.

Robert Fabian.

622

Henry the sixth.

The Lord of Torfy, and other Lords of Normandy, who
before had taken part with the Englishmen, this day turned
to the French, hoping that the Englishmen should have
lost the battell. True it is, that the Frenchmen would neuer
suffer their King Charles to be present in person at any bat-
taple, but when they thought to pitch a field, they sent him
into some strong Towne. By the loss of this battaple
sought on the seauenteenth of August, before Vernole in
Perche, King Charles was put to great hinderance, so that
he was not able in puissance to give the Englishmen any bat-
taple, hauing enough to defende and kepe his Townes
and fortresses against them.

The Duke of Bedford returned into Normandy, where
he punished many that fledde from him the day of the bat-
taple. Then went he to Paris, where he found the Duke of
Burgoigne, who receyued him, and the Dutes of Bedforde
his wife, the sayde Duke of Burgoignes Sifter, right ioy-
fully, and made to them great feast, at which feast alio
were the Carles of Salisburie and Suffolk, the olde Quaene
of France, mother to King Charles, and many other greate
effates of diuers nations, amongst the whiche, the Du-
ches of Bedford was holden for the most gallantest Lady of
all other, and with her, the Countesse of Salisburie, a very
faire Lady. The Duke of Bedford that had neuer iusted be-
foze, iusted there.

The Duke of Burgoigne was a very godly and amiable man
of personage, doing excellently well whatsoeuer he toke in
hand, and especially in dansing and iusting he exceeded all
other of his Countrey. At this feast, he became desirous of
the Countesse of Salisburie, and some messages passed be-
twirt them, which came to the Carle of Salisburies earre,
whereof he was nothing contented with the Duke, and
therefore sought to do him displeasure afterward. This feast
being ended, the Duke of Burgoigne went into his Coun-
trey of Burgoigne, and there toke to wife the Duches of Ne-
uers, which had bin wife to his Ankle the Duke of Neuers,
and

Annoreg.3.

The Duke of
Burgoigne en-
amoredvvith
the Countesse of
Salisburie,
vvhereof came
great displeasure
and losse to En-
gland, by the
breach of amity
betvixt the
English, and
the Burgonions.

Henry the fixth.

and had by him two Children. She was halfe siller to the Duke of Burbon, but she liued not long with him. The D. of Burgoigne also gave his siller the yongest, named Agnes, in marriage vnto Charles de Burbon, Earle of Cleremont, for the which, the Duke of Bedford, and other Englishmen were wroth, for that he made suche alliance with the enimies without their accord. This peare, the Frenchmen repaired the Castell of Mouns in Champaigne, which had bin a little before deſtroyd by the Englishmen, and now it was well ſuked with victuals and men, which began to make soze war to the Countrep, but shortly after the Earle of Salisbury beſeged the, and with him Mefſire Iohn de Luxenburg, who did so much, that the Castell was yielded to him. The D. of Bedford, with his wife the Duches, lay for the moſt parte in Paris, leading there a pleasant life with the Lady whom he greatly loued, and was lodged in his house of the Tournels, nere to the Castel Saint Anthony, where he made faire buildings, and his men fill made soze warres againſt the French, towards the River of Loyre, and other places, vpon base Normandy, and toward the Duchie of Alenſon.

This peare in Englande, Edmond Mortimere Earle of March, with many other Lords, & a great retinue were sent into Ireland, where the layd Earle of March ended his life.

Simon Seman: Bythewater, the 28. of September.

Iohn Michaell Stockſtinchonger, the 28. of October.

This peare 1424. the warres began in Henault, by reaſon of Iaqueline Duches of Henault, daughter to Duke William of Henault, Ankle to Phillip Duke of Burgoigne, and also daughter to Duke Iohn of Burgoignes Siller, wife to the fozenamed William, and so double Cousin german to Phillip, Duke Phillip now liuing. This Iaqueline was married to Iohn Duke of Brabant hir Cousin german, & Cousin german also to Duke Philip of Burgoigne, and before that, the was married to the Earle of Pontione, son to King Charles le bien aime, eldest Brother to King Charles now liuing, but notwithstanding that he was thus married to the

Duke

The ſecond cause of breach of amitie beſttyvixt England and Burgoigne.

Earle of Marſen ſent into Ireland.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Iaqueline Duches of Henault

Henry the sixth.

Jaqueline, and the euill dealing of the Duke of Gloceſter, and thereſoze, to ayde the Duke of Brabant, he appopnted many of his Captaynes, with riſ. C. fighting me Pickards, to go againſt the Duke of Gloceſter. The Duke of Brabant was a man but of weake complection, and thereſoze by the Counſell of Brabant it was ordeyned, that his yonger broſher Philip, Earle of Saint Pol, should be chieſe Captayne of the warre, againſt the Duke of Gloceſter. He had a great Armye, as the more part of the Nobles of Brabant, of Henalt, and of Burgoigne, in all, 50000. Piere de Luxenburge, Earle of Conuarson, his nère kinsman, had the leading of the Armie, for himſelfe was but yong. The Duke of Burgoigne had put of his men in garrifon within the towne of Braine, in the Countie of Henault, who made ſore warre to the Countrey about, but the Earle of Saint Pol, and Conuarson, did come and besſege Braine, continuing aſoze it twelue daies before they within yeelded, compounding to departe with bodies and godes ſaued : these hauing wonne Braine, deſtroyde it utterly, and that done, ſoke the Field with all puſſance, which was great: and the Duke of Gloceſter like a wife came into the field, so that they appoched nère togethier, and the bauntcurrers kirmiſhed, but the battaple topened not. The Duke of Gloceſter had ſent his Heraulte, and written to the Duke of Burgoigne, calling him Traptoz, and disſoyall to the King of England and France, for that he had ſente men in ayde againſt him, and offereſd him the Combate, whereunto the Duke of Burgoigne anſwered, that hee would accept the Combate, denying that euer he had kapeſed of his promise, but that the Duke of Gloceſter had done great wrong to the Duke of Brabant, to haue bereſt him of his wife, contrarie to the ordinance of God, and of holye Church, and for other words which the Duke had bettered againſt the Duke of Burgoignes honoſ, he gaue him the lye, and for farre the matter went in words betwixt them, that the day was appopnted for the Combate, and the Duke of Burgoigne chose for Judge of the Combate the Emperour of Kt.

Almayne,

A third cause of the amitie to be broken be- tvixt England and Burgoigne, and the loss of many Tovvnes in France.

Humbrey Duke of Gloceſter chalengeſt the Combate vvitk Phillip Duke of Burgoigne.

626

Henry the sixth.

Almayne, and the Duke of Burgoigne sent the Duke of Gloce-
ster a safeconduct, to departe safely into England, to prepare
himselfe of things necessarie for the Combate, whereupon,
both the Campes make vp: the Duke of Glocester wente to
Mons in Henault, to the Duches his wife (so feared) & gaue
hir to understand, that he was desirous to trie the Combate
with the Duke of Burgoigne: and many other things he told
hir, which he performed not, but within four dapes after, he
toke all his power with him, and returned into Englad, and
left the Duches in Mons, smally accompanied with y people
of that Countrey. Shortly after his departure, the Duke of
Burgoigne sent the Lord Lilladam to the Towne of Mons, to
receyue Iaqueline the Duches, who being delivered unto
him, he conueped hir to Gaunt, where the Duke and she
made great semblance of iop togither, the promising to be
governed alwayes by his aduise, but to goe to hir olde hus-
band the Duke of Brabant the would not: and when the espie
ed hir time, the kall away into hir Countrey of Holland,
where she was well receyued of many Lordes, and began
forthwith to mainteyne warre against Duke Philip of Bur-
goigne, and sent to the Duke of Glocester foar apd, who sente to
hir a thousand fighting men, under the conduct of the Loode
Fitzwaters. The Duke of Burgoigne fearing leaft Iaqueline
would deliuer the Countrey of Holland into the possession of
the D. of Glocester, he assembled his power, and wente into
Holland, to put the Countrey into obeysance. At his comming
thither, Iaqueline, accompanied with many nobles of the
Countrey, and the Lord Fitzwaters, woulde hane defended
his landing, but notwithstanding al the defence they could
make, he entred vp the thre, & there, nere to y Towne of Bruf-
feils, they iopned in battaile, the D. of Burgoigne & his people
against the Englishmen & Hollanders, taking y Duches Iaque-
lines part: there was a fierce battaple on all sides, but in the
end, the Hollanders and Englishmen were all discomfited, and
there dyed in that place aboue seauen or eight hundred, be-
longes those that were taken prisoners : the Lord Fitzwater

hardly

Henry the sixth.

hardly escaped. After this battell gote by the Duke of Burgoigne, diners Townes of the Countrey revolted to him, a gainst Iaqueline the Duches, as Dordrecht, Sericzee, and many other. Shortly after, the Duke of Burgoigne leauing garrisons in those Townes that obeyed him, to make resistance against the Duches that lay in the Towne of Gaunt, he returned into his Countrey of Flanders and Artoyes, there to prepare such abiliments as were necessary for him to use at the Combate appoynted betwixt him and the Duke of Glocester. The Duke of Glocester likewise in England made his provision of his habilimentes and furniture, but the Duke of Bedforde, brother to the Duke of Glocester, took greate paynes to make them friends: and also the counsell of the yong King of England, were nothing content with this variance, doubting leaint it might be occasion that the Duke of Burgoigne mighte withhold himselt from their amitie, whereby their businesse in France should be hindered. The Duke of Bedford therefore took his journey from Paris, to Caleis, and so into Englande, to the ende to agree the sayde Dukes: he took with him the Duches his wife, and not past a four or five hundred men.

About Michaelmas, the Prince of Portugale came into England, and was honoably receyued and feasted by the Kings Uncles.

William Mildred: John Brokell, the 28. of September.

John Couentry Mercer, the 28. of October.

The morrow after Simon and Iudes day, when the Mayor of London had bin at Westminster to take his charge, as the cultome is, at such time as he was holding his greate dinner, he was by the Duke of Glocester Lord Protector, sent for in spéedie manner, & when he came to his presence, he gaue to him commaundement, to see the Citie were surely watched in the night following, and so it was done.

On the next morrow, about ir. of the clock, certain seruants of the Bishop of Winchester, brother to the said Protector, would

Mr. y.

have

Anno reg. 4.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Rob. Fabiano.

Debate between the Duke of Glocester, and the Bishop of V. Winchester.

628

Henry the sixth.

haue entred the Citie by the Bridge, but the Warders or
Kepers thereof, kept them out by force, as before they were
commanded, wherwith they being gravenously discontented,
gathered to them a greater number of Archers, and men of
armes, and assaulted the Gate with shot, and other meanes
of warre, in so much, that the commons of the Citie were in
their Shoppes, and spedde them thither in great number, so
that greate blouded woulde haue followed, had not the
wisedome of the Maior and Aldermen Kayde the matter in
time.

The Archbishop of Canterbury, with the Prince of Portugal and other, toke great labour upon them to pacifie this variance betwixt the two bræthren, the Protecctors and the Bishop, in so muche, that they rode betwene them eight times, ere they might bring them to any reasonable condition, and lastly, they agreed to stande to the rule of the Duke of Bedford, Regent of France, or of such as he would aligne, whereupon the Citie was set in more quiet, and the Bishop of Winchelfer wrote a Letter to the Duke of Bedford Lord Regent, as followeth.

Right high and mighty Prince, and right noble, and as
fer one levelt earthly Loode, I recommende me vnto
your Grace with all my heart: and as ye desire the welfare
of the King our Soueraigne Loode, and of his Realmes of
England and of France, and your owne weale, with all yours,
halt you hither, for by my troth, and ye farrie long, we shall
put this Land in ieoperdy with a Field, such a Wother yet
haue hære, God make him a good man. For your wisedome
knoweth well, that the profite of France standeth in the wel-
fare of England. Written at London, the last of October.

On the tenth day of January next ensuing, the sayde
Duke of Bedford, wyth hys wife, came vnto London, with
them also came the said Bishop of Winchelfer, and the Maior
and Citizens receyued him at Merton, and conuayde hym
through the Citie vnto Westminister, where he was lodged in
the

Henry the sixth.

the Kings Pallace, and the Bishop of Winchester was lod-
ged within the Abbots lodging. On the morrow follo-
wing, the Bishop presented the Regente with a paire of
Bastins of Siluer, and ouer-gilt, and in them a thousande
Parke of gold. The day of February, began a great Coun-
saple at Saint Albons, which was after reioyned to Northamp-
ton, but for that no due conclusion mighte be made, on the
Day of March was called a Parliamente at Leycester, the
which endured till the day of June. This was called the
Parliamente of Battes, because men being forbidden to
bring Swords or other weapons, brought great battes and
Itaues on their neckes, and what those weapons were inhi-
bited the, they took Knes and plomets of Leade. During
this Parliament, the variance betwixt the two Lords was
debated, in so much, that the Duke of Glocester put a Bill of
complaynt against the Bishop, conteyping his Articles, all
which Articles were by the Bishop sufficiently answered,
and finally, by the counsell of the Lord Regent, all the mat-
ters of variance betweene the sayd two Lords, were put to
the examination and iudgemente, with the assistance of the
Lords of the Parliamente, Henry Archbishop of Canterbu-
rie, Thomas Duke of Excester, Iohn Duke of Norffolke,
Thomas Bishop of Durham, Philip Bishop of Worcester,
Iohn Bishop of Bath, Humfrey Earle of Stafford, Raulph
Lord Cornewell, and Maitter William Alnewike, then kee-
per of the priuie Seale, which Lords, made a decree and a
warde, so that euther party took other by the hande with
friendly and louing words, none having amends of other.
Upon Whitsonday following, was a solemn seast holden
at Leycester afourtsapde, where the Regente dubbed King
Henry Knight, and then forthwith the King dubbed Ri-
chard Duke of Yorke, that after was father to King Edward
the fourth, and other, to the number of foztie.

After the Parliamente, the Kyng wente to Killingworth
Caffell.

Henry Chicheley Archbishop of Canterbury, founded a
Colledge
K.r.iff.

1426

Parliament at
Leycester.

Cromwel.

630

Henry the fixth.

Colledge and
Hospitall at
Higham Ferrers

Anno reg. 5.

John Audley.
An Earthquake
during tyyo
houres.

Sherifes.
Mator.

VVardes in
London dif-
charged of
fifteenes.

Reignwels Teslas-
ment.

Tovver on Lo-
don Bridge.

Colledge at Higham Ferrers, in Northamptonshire, of eyght
fellowes, soure Clearkes, and fire Chozifters. We also
founded there an Hospitall for pize folke, with many pize-
ferments to the Sapd Towne, which house for the pize, his
bræthren Robert and William Chichely Aldermen of Lon-
don, augmented with godly legacies.

On Haterday, the even of Saint Michael the Archam-
gell, in the morning before day, betwirte the houres of one
and two of the clocke, began a ferrible Earthquake, with
lightning and thunder, whiche continued the space of two
houres, and was vnierfall thzough the world, so that men
had thought the world as then should haue ended, and the
generall dome to haue followed. The unreasonable Beasts
rozed and drew to the Townes with hideous noyse. Also,
the Foules of the ayre likewise cryed out : suche was the
wozke of God at that time to call his people to repentance.

John Arnold: John Higham, the 28.of September.

John Reynwell Fithmonger, the 28.of October.

This Iohn Reynwell, Mair of London, gaue certayne
Lands or tenements to the Citie of London, for the whiche,
the same Citie is bound to pay for ever all such fiftiènes as
shall be graunted to the King (so that it palle not thzée fit-
tènes in one peare) for thzée wardes in London, to wæte,
Dounnegate warde, Billinglgate warde, and Aldgate warde.

This yeare, the Tower at the Draw Bridge of London
was begun by the same Mair of London.

On the Newpcares dape, Thomas Beawford, Duke of Excester deceaſſed at Greenwich, and was buried at Sainte Edzonds Burie in Suffolke.

About the Purification of our Lady, the Duke of Bedford
Regent of France, with his wife and familie, paffed the seas
unto Caleis, and so thzough Picardy into France : but ere he
departed from Caleis, to wæte, upon the feale day of the An-
nuntiation of our Lady, the Bishop of Winchester, within
the Church of our Lady of Caleis, was created Cardinall,
and after the Solemnitie done, the Regente toke him on
hys.

1427

Henry the Sixteth.

hys righte hande, and so conuayed hym vnto hys lod-
ging.

This peare, was unseasonable weathering, for it repned
moff part continually from Easter to Michaelmasse.

This peare, the Duke of Alansou, that before was taken
prisoner at the battaple of Vernole in Perch, was deliuered
for a raunsome of 200000. Scufftes of Golde, whiche was
50000. Markes sterling.

Rob. G. Griswic.

This peare also, the Earle of Salisburie accompanied
with the Earle of Suffolke, the Lord Talbot, and other, layde
a strong sege vnto the Citie of Orleance, and hilde the Citi-
zens very freight, and maugre the Duke of Orleance, and
the Marhall of France, the Englishmen wanne from them di-
uers strong holdes, adioyning to the Citie, and forced them
to bren a great part of their suburbs, but one day as y sayd
Earle of Salisburie, Thomas Mountagew reliefd him at a bay
lwindow, a Gunne was leuelled out of the Citie, which all
tosquallhed his face, whereof he dyed, after which mishappe-
the Englishmen lost rather than wanne, so that by little and
little, they lost all their possestions in France.

Rob. Fabian.

Anno reg. 6.

This peare, Humfrey Duke of Glocester toke to wife
Elienor Cobham, whome before he hadde wantonlype
kept.

Duke of Gloce-
ster married E-
lienor Cobham.

Henry Frowike: Robert Otley, the 28.of September.

John Gidney Draper, the 28.of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Parliament.
Subſedry.

In a Parliament at Westminſter, was graunted to the
King a Subſedie of euery Tunne of Wine threæ thillings,
and of other Merchandise, excepte woll, fell, and cloth, rij.
pence of the pound. Also, of euery pariſh through y Realme,
(excepted Cities and Bozoughes) the benefice being in va-
lue r. Parke, tenne of that pariſh should pay 4. ſ. viiij. d. e-
uery man viiij. d. and of euery benefice that were r. pound, r.
parishners to pay viiij. ſ. iiiij. d. and so rate and rate like of e-
uery benefice, from the lowest to the highest. And for the in-
habitants of Cities and Bozoughes, euery man being in va-
lue of rr. ſ. aboue his household Stuſſe, & the apparell of him &
Mr. iiiij. his

1418

Henricethe sixth.

in Fraunce, the Cardinall chaunged his purpose, and tarped
there a season with the Regent.

William Ruffe: Ralph Holland, the 28. of September.

Sherifes.

William Castfieldel Mercer, the. 28. of October.

Maior.

The birth of November, King Henric being about the
age of nine yeare peares was solempnely crowned in Sainte
Peters Churche of Westminster, at whose coronation were
made rrrd. Knightes of the Bath, and after solennization
in the Churche finished, an honozable feaffe in the greate
Hall of Westminster was kept, wherof pæ may reade a large
discourse in Robert Fabian. After whiche feaffe great pze-
paration was made for the Kings iourney into France.

The.rrity. of Januarie a battaple was done in Smith-
fieilde within the liffes before the King, betwene two men
of Feuerfham in Kent, Iohn Vpton appellaunte, and Iohn
Downe defendaunt, when they had long fought, the Lyng
toke bp the matter and forgaue both parties.

The.rrdy. day of Aprill the King toke chipping at Douer,
& landed the same day at Caleis, hauing in his company the
Dukes of Yorke and Norffolke, the Bishops of Bath, Ely, and
Rochester, the Earles of Huntington, Stafford, Warwicke, Ox-
forde, Deuonshire, Mortaine of Ewe, and of Ormonde, and Bar-
rons, the Loode Boucher, Beaumond, Typtoft, Fitz Water,
Roos, Arundale, Audley, Faucobridge, Gray, Codner, Scrop,
and Welles.

Whileft the Lyng remapned at Caleis, manpe Kirint:
thes were fought betwene the Englishmen and the Frenche.in
duierse partes of France, and the Frenchmen pzeuapled great:
ly by helpe of a Woman which they named The Mayden
of God. So that laſkye the with hir companpe came to the
Towne of Champaigne, to the end to remoue theliege layde
therebnto by the Duke of Burgoigne and other of the Englishe
Captaines, and the.rrity. of Maye, the gaue battaile to the
Englishmen, and fought with them a long time, but in the
ende by the manhode of a Burgonian Knight named fir Iohn
Luxemborough, the was taken alive, and hir company di-
Rr.b.
Uresed.

1420

Henrie the sixth.

tressed, she was conuayd to the Citie of Roane, and there
kept a season, where she kained hir selfe to be with child, but
when she contrarie was known, she was condéned & hent.

After this King Henrie by small ioyneves into Fraunce,
came to Paris, where he was honozably received of his Citizens
and taken for theys soueraigne Lord and King, whiles hee
there remapned, (sayeth Gagwine) the Frenchmen, wan ma-
ny holds of the Englishmen, and the Burgonians in the country
of Bry. The third of August dyed the the Countesse of Vr-
monde, and was buried at Saint Thomas of Acres in London.

Walter Chertesey: Robert Large, the. 28. of September.
Nicholas Wotton Draper, the. 28. of October.

Some after Easter the Lord protecto was warned of an
assemblry of certaine letde persons to be assembled at A-
bington, wherefore he sent thyther certaine persons, and also
rode thyther himselve, and there arreſſed the Waylpe of the
Towne named William Mandeul a WEAUER, the whiche
was appointed for a Captain, who had named himſelf lack
Sharpe of Wigmers lande in Wales, who being examined, con-
fesſed that he ment to haue done many miſchijkes, especial-
ly against Prieſts, to that he would haue made their heads
as cheape as Sheeps heads (that is to say) thre for a peny,
or as some write, ten for a penny: manye of his complyces
were taken and ſent to dpuerſe prisons. Their Captaine
was drawne, hanged, and headed at Abingdon, and his head
was ſent to London, and ſet on the bridge : his other autoz
were executed in diuerſe places and Countreys to the ter-
roz of other.

The riy. of Julye Richarde Ruffel a Woll-man, was
drawn, hanged, and quartered, for that he wold haue made
Dukes and Earles at his pleasure.

Richard Robſert Lord Bourcher deceased and was buried
at Westminſter.

King Henrie remapning still in Fraunce, the Earle of A-
rundale accompanied with two thousand Englishmen, ſente a
certaine of his company into a Towne called Bealmount, to
prouoke

Robert Gagwine.

Anno reg. 9.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Henrie the fixth.

prouoke the Frenchmen to issue out of the towne, which small company when Boylycant & Sentrales the Captains behelde, they with their souldiers sped them forth to take the sayd Englishmen, & which by little & little gaue backe, till they had tolled the Frenchmen a good space from the towne, and then sette upon them with a route courage, and helde them on hand, tyll the Earle with his company rescued them: then betwixt them was a cruell fighte, but in the end the Frenchmen were chased, and the sayd Sentrayle with many swtmen of the sayde Town were slaine.

John Aderle: Stephen Browne, the 28. of September.

John Wels Grocer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. §

Thys IOHN WELLES Maioz of London caused the Conduite commonipe called the Standarde in Cheape to be builded.

On the seauenth day of December Lyng Henrie was Crowned in Paris, by the Cardinall of Wincheste, at the which Coronation was p[re]sente, the Duke of Burgoigne, the Duke of Bedforde Regente, and diverse other Nobles of Fraunce. After the Solemnitie of thys seaffe was ended, the King departed from Paris, and so came to Roane, where he helde hys Christmalle, and that done, he returned to Caleis, where when he hadde sojourned a season, he toke chipping and returned into Englande, and landed at Dover, the eleauenth of Febnuarie, and then r[pydyng to]warde London, he was mette on Barham Downe, betwirke Douer and Canterburie, by a greate companye of Gentles and Commons of Kent, all clavde in a liuerie wyth redde hods, the whiche accompanied h[im] tyll he came to Blacke Heath, which was on the one and twentith day of February where he was mette by the Maioz of London, who rode in a gowne of Crimson Veluet, his Aldermen in Scarlet, & the Citizens al in white golones and red h[odes], with diverse works of Cognisances h[ado]ered vp[on] their sleeues after [h] fa[ cultie of their milleries & crafts: & after due obeysance and la[ut]ing of the king, they rode on before him towards [h] City.

And

Henricethe sixth.

And when the King was come to the Bridge, there was deuised a mightie Giaunt, standing with a sworde drawen in his hande, hauing written certaine speeches in metre of great reiopcing and welcoming of the King to the Citie, on the middell of the Bridge, and in diuerse other places of the Citie, were diuerse faire and sumptuous pageants replenished with godly and beautifull personages, the order and speeches whereof, are sette downe by Robert Fabian in his cronicle. Thus being conueyd to his pallace at Westminster, the Maior with the Citizens returned to London, and on the viiij. day of February the Maior and Aldermen yode to the King, and presented him with a Vampire of Golde and therin a thousand pound of nobles.

This yeare by reason of the souldiours of Caleis, a reekyfaynte was made there of the Woulles, for they were not content of their wages, wherefore the Regente of France, came downe thyther in Caster wøke, at which time many souldiours wer arrefted: and rode again to Tirvine. And having not long buried the Lady Anne his late wive, after to the Duke of Burgoigne, he married there the Carles daughter of Saint Paule, and Woztly after returned to Caleis where he caused soure of those souldiours to be beheaded, on the.ri. of June, and. 110. souldiours to be banisbed the towne, besides. 120. that were banisbed befoze that tyme. And upon Hidsommer euen the Lord Regent with his new wedded spouse came to London, and remapned there till the latter end of Auguall.

John Olney: John Peddesley, the. 28 of September.

John Perneis Fishmonger, the. 28. of October.

On the.rrb. day of November was the Lord Fitz Water drowned on the sea, and much other harmes were done by tempeft.

On the eight day of July, King Henric began his Parliament at Westminster, continued it till Lammas, and then adiourned it until Saint Edwards tide.

This pere in the South-weak appeared a blasfying Car.

During

1433

Anno reg. 11
Sherifes.
Maior.

1433

Parliament.

Henrie the sixth.

During the raigne of this King Henrie the sixth were lieutenaunts ouer the realme of Irelande, Edmond Earle of March, and Iames Earle of Ormond his deputie: Iohn Sutton Knight Lozde of Dudley, and Iir Thomas Straunge hys deputie: Iir Thomas Stanley, and Iir Christopher Planket his deputie: Lyon Lozde Welles, and the Earle of Ormonde his deputie: Iames Earle of Ormonde the Kings Lieutenant by himselfe: Iohn Earle of Shrewsbury and the Archbishop ofuelin, Lozde Justice in his absence: Richard Plantagenet Duke of York, Father to Edwarde the fourth and Earle of Vizstar, had the Office of Lieutenaunt by letters patents, during the space of tenne yeares, who deputed under him at feueral times, the Baron of Duelin, Richarde Fitz Euftace Knight, Iames Earle of Ormonde, and Thomas Fitz Moris Earle of Kildare: to this Richard then resident in Duelin, was borne within the Castell there, the seconde sonne George Duke of Clarence, afterward dızowned in a Butte of Palmeley.

Thomas Chalton: Iohn King, the 28. of September.

John Brokeley Draper, the 28. of October.

The ninth of November, the tozmente of the Earle of Saint Paule, Father to the Dutchesse of Bedford, was solemnly holden in Paulles Church of London, where the moze parte ofkeates of this realme were p[re]fent.

The ninth of Marche the Lozde Talbot with a goodly company passed thizough the Citie of London, towardes Fraunce, where he wrought much woe to the Frenchmen. The Towne of Saint Denis, which is within two English myles of Paris, was gotten by the practise of one Iohn Notice a knight of Orleance, from Matthew Gouglye, and Thomas Kiriel Captaines, they flewe there many Englishmen, and toke many prisoners, but some after, the layde Captaines with strength taken from Paris, layde such a stronglie aboute Saint Denis, that finally they agréed to deliuer the Town to the Englishmen.

In this season also the earle of Arundale, which in Normandie,

Anno reg. 12

Sherifes, ?
Maior.

1434

638

Henrie the sixth.

mandie, had manly born him, hearing that one Hirus, a Frich
Captaine, had sozified a strong Casset, named Gerboryn,
befoze destroyed of the Englisumen, toke with him a certaine
number of souldiours, and belaied the Casset with a strong
siege, and affaulted it sundry times manfully: but Gagwine
saveth, the saide Hirus with his companye issued out of the
Casset, and gaue vnto the sayde Earle a cruel skirmish, in
the which the sayde Earle received a deadly wound and dy-
ed shoztly after.

Anno reg. 1 3

Sherifes. ~
Maior. §

Great Frok.

Thomas Barnewel: Simon Eyre, the. 28. of September.

Roger Otley Grocer, the. 28. of October.

Thzough a great Frosse, that larded from the skue and
fwentith of Pouseber, vnto the tenth of Febzuarie, the Tha-
mis was so frozen, that the Merchandice which came to the
Thamis mouth, was there landed, and carried thzough Kent
to London.

1435

When the Pope Eugeny the fourth, and his Cardi-
nalles after long laboure coulde make no peace betwirte
King Henry of England and France, and Charles also named
King of Fraunce, they at length made a peace betwirte the
said Charles and Philip Duke of Burgoigne, whereby the said
Duke of Burgoigne became vther enemy to the King of Eng-
land, and some after the said Duke beganne his order of the
Lillie, and the Golden flace, and orderne certaine
Knightes of that order, and made ther vnto many Statuts,
whereof some of them were like vnto the Statutes of the
Carter.

On the fourteenth dave of September at Roan in Nors
mandy dyed the noble Prince, John Duke of Bedforde, and
Regent of Fraunce, and was after with great solemnitie bu-
ryed within the Churche of Notr Dame of the same Cl

Anno reg. 1 4 tie.

Sherifes. ~
Maior. §

Thomas Catworth: Robert Clopton, the. 28. of Septemb.

Henry Frowike Mercer, the, 28. of October.

King Charles of Fraunce reconered the Citie of Pariz,
and

Henrie the sixth.

and at Newyeares tide wanne the Towne of Harflewe, and Saint Denis, and manye other Townes and holdes, expellyng and murdering the English people in greate number.

The nineteenth daye of Julye the Duke of Burgoigne, wyth a great multitude of Burgonians and Flemmings appeared before Caleis, and there pight his pavilions and tentes, at which season was Lieutenant of Caleis Sir John Ratcliffe Knight, and of the Castell was Lieutenant the Baron of Dudley: this siège endured about three wekes, in which the season many knightlye acnes were done & crercised on both parties.

Caleis belieged.

On the second day of August the Duke of Gloceſter, protectour of Englande, with 500. ſayles, (as some write,) layed at Caleis, and entended upon the third day following to have iſued out of the Towne, and to have gyuen battel to the Flemmings, (but as teſtifyeth our English writers,) ſo ſome as the Duke of Burgoigne was ware of the great power of the Loſde Protector, he toke with him of his ordinaunce that he might lightly carrye, and the other that were cumberous he left behind. When the Duke with his holt was thus fledde, the Loſde Protectour with his people followed hym into the Countrep by the ſpace of eleauen daies, in whiche ſeason he hente the two Townes of Popering and Bell, and returned to Caleis and ſo into England.

Robert Fabian.

This yeare was the Castell of Towne of Rokeborough in Scotlande beſieged by the Kyng of Scottes, but when he hearde that Spz Ralph Graye knyghte was comming thyther with a competente number to remoue the ſiège, anone he departed leauing some parte of hys Ordinaunce behynde hym, to hys greate chame and dishounour.

Anno.reg.15

Thomas Norſtede: William Gregory, the 28. of Sep.
John Michel Fis himonger, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. 5
Maior. 3

The

Henrie the sixth.

The second of Januarie Quæne Katherin late wife to Henrie the sixth, and mother to King Henrie the sixth, dyed at Bermondsey, and was buried at Westminster, but being taken up againe, in the raigne of Henrie the seauenth, when he layde the foundation of his new Chappel there, the was neuer buried since, but lyeth still aboue ground in a Coffin of boxes, behinde the East end of the Friers.

Part of London
bridge fel.

The riity of Januarie at none of the day, the gate on London bridge wyth the Tower upon it, nerte to Southwarke, fell down, and two of the furdest Arches of the same bridge, and no man perished.

Ralph Lozd Cromwel, erected the Colledge of Tateshall in Lincolnshire.

1437

Tateshall
Colledge.

King Henrie put downe the Maiot of Norwich, sente the Aldermen, some to Linne, some to Canterbury, toke their frances into his hande, and appointed Iohn Wels Alderman, sometime Maiot of London, to be Warden of Norwich, who so continued eight moneths, as I haue red on his Monument, in Saint Antholines Churche in London, whiche Monument is nowe amongst manye other by lewde persons defaced.

The ninth of July Quæne Iane wife to King Henrie the fourth dyed at Hauering a Boure, and was buried at Canterbury.

Anno reg. 18

Sherifes.

Maior.

All the Lyons in the Tower of London dyed.

William Hales: William Chapman, the. 28. of Septemb.

William Eastfield Mercer, the. 28. of October.

This William Eastfield Maiot, of his own cookes caused to be builded the Water Conduite in Fleetstreete of London.

On Easter dave, Iohn Gardener was taken conuay ing the Sacrament from his mouth with a foule cloth, after he had receyued the same at the Prieks hande, in Saint Marte at the Axe Churche of London, for the whiche he was bent in Smithfielde the riity of May.

1438

Gardener, drenge.

Owen Tewther fouly hurting hys keeper, brake out of
Newgate.

Henrie the sixth.

Newgate but was againe taken afterwarde: thys Owen had priutylpe (as it was layde) marped Quæne Katherin late wife to Henrie the fifth, and had soure chilzen by hir, whiche was not knowen, tyll the was dead and buried.

On the Wigil of Mary Magdalen, the town of Nantwich, in the Countie of Chester was pitifully consumed with fire.

A great dearth of corne, fo; wheate was in some places solde fo; two chillings fire pence the Bushell.

Hugh Diker: Nicholas Yoo, the 28. of September.

Stephen Browne Grocer, the 28. of October.

The five and twentith of November a great winde dyd muche harme in manye places. In London it bare muche leade of the Gray Friers Churche, and almost blewe downe the one side of the Urcte called the Olde Change, so that the fame was faine to be underset with Timber.

On New yeres day a stacke of wodde fell downe at Baynardes Casset, and killed thre; men: manye moe were soze hurte. By fall of a Staire at Bedforde, where the shire dave was kepte, eightene persons were slayne, and manye moe hurte.

Richard Beauchampe Earle of Warwicke dyed at Roane in Normadie, the last of May, and the fourth of October nert following his corpse was honourably conueped as well by water as by land from Roane; sponto Warwicke, and there woz; chipfully buried in the Colledge of our Lady Church found by his noble auncellours.

Wheate was sold at London fo; thre; chillings þ; bushel, Malt at thirtæn chillings þ; quarter, e Dtes at eight pence the bushel, which caused men to eate beans, pease, and barley, more than in a hundred yeares before.

Manye Stumpets were sette on the Pyllerye, and banyshed the Cytye, ercepte they ware they; Kaye hoores.

Phillip Malpas: Robert Marshal, the 28. of September.

Robert Large Mercer, the 28. of October.

St.

In

Dearth of corne

Anno reg. 17

Sherifes. ?

Maior. ?

Great vvinles.

Anno reg. 18

Strüpets vvarc

Rayc hoodes.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. ?

642

Henrie the sixth.

In a Parliament at Reading, it was o'dayned, that all Marchaunt Straungers should goe to holl with Englishmen, and to make sale of theyz Merchandises, and buy again what they woulde, wythin the space of fire monethes, geuing theyz holle for eucre ye twentye thillings wort h two pence, ercept the Esterlings. And that euery houholder that was alien, should pay to the King ruj. pence the yeare, and euery seruant alien by pence.

Order for
Kraungers.

1440

Sp<sup>1</sup> Richard Wich, *Uicar of Hermetsworth* in *Essex*, who had before abinred, was brèt on the Towre Hil, the ruy. of June. After whose deathe was greate murmur among the people, for some faide he was a god man and an holy, and put to death by malice: and some sayde the contrarie: for that manye men and women wente by nighte to the place where he was bente, and offered theyz money, Images of ware, and other things, making theyz prayers, kneeling, and kissing of the ground, bare away with them the Alches of hys body for holy reliques. &c. Thys endured eight days, tyll the Matoz and Aldermen o'dayned men of armes, to rekraine the people, who appreheended manye, and sente them to prison, among whome was taken the Uicar of Berking Churche beside the Tower, in whose Parishe al thys was done, who had receyued the offering of the simple people. And to ercite them to offer the moze seruendlye to the fulfilling of hys false conefouneſſe, he hadde medled Alches wyth the poulder of Spices, and krewed them in the place where the Prieſt was bente, and so the simple people were deceyued, wéenying the swéke savour had come of the Alches of the deade Prieſt. All whiche the sayd Uicar of Barking Churche confessed in prison. Thys haue I noted the moze at large, because some haue wily ten the Uicare of Berking to bée bente, whiche is false, for hee was not bents, though he better deservet than the other.

The eighteenth day of July the Polterne gate of London
by

Henrie the fixth.

by East Smithfielde, againste the Tower of London fancke by
night, more than seuen fote into the Earth.

The twelfth of Auguske, the Starre in Breadstreet, an
Inne of London, was kered by lightning, and aboute fiftye
loade of Rep burnte. The Eagle in Cheape was also
burnt.

The first of September, John Knighte a fouldiour, pri-
soner of Newgate in London, as he was led by one of the She-
rikes Officers, from thence towarde Guilde Hall, five of hys
fellow fouldiours with their daggers drawn, came foadain-
ly out of the Fannier Alley, and berekke him from the Officer,
thrusting him into Saint Martins Lane, and so into y church,
where they all claymed printledge of the Sanctuary, thin-
king to haue rematned there : but the same daye Phil-
lip Malpas, and Richard Marshal Sherikes, came with a nu-
ber of other, and by force toke them from there fettered fast
to the Counter, and from thence chapned by the neckes two
togither, sente them to Newgate, where they remapned till
the thirde of November following, at whiche time they
were by the Kings Justice reffozed againn to the same San-
ctuarie of Saint Martin.

John Sutton: William Wetinhall, the 28. of Septemb.

John Paddeſley Goldſmith, the 28. of October.

The Duke of Yorke was made Regente of Fraunce,
and the fifteenth dave of Maye the sayde Duke wyth the
Earle of Oxford, the Earle of Ewe, Sir Richard e Wooduile,
Spiz James of Ormonde, the Lozde Clynton, and ma-
nye other, chipped at Portesmouth, and Sapled thence into
Normandie.

The fire and twentith dave of POUember was a chal-
lenge in armes done before Kyng Henrie within liffes in
Smithfielde, betwene Sir Richard Woduile a Knighte of
Englande, and a Knighte of Spaine, but the Kyng toke the
matter into his hands after the thirde stroke.

H. H.

Also

Amore reg. 19

Sherifes. 2
Maior. 3

1441

644

Henrie the fixth.

Also a Combat was koughte at Totehil befwene two
thées, the apealer and defendat, the apealer had the field
of the defendant within thixe strokes.

Roger Bolingbroke, a greate Altronomer, with Thomas Southwell a Chanon of Sainte Stephens Chappell at Westminster, wer taken as conspiratours of the kings deth, for it was said, that the same Roger Thoulde laboure to consume the Ryngs person by wape of Pegromancie, and the sayde Thomas Thoulde sape Dasses, in the lodge of Harnefey Parke beside London, upon certaine instruments, with the whiche the sayde Roger Thoulde use hys crakte of Pegromancye, againste the Faythe, and was allentyping to the sayde Roger in all hys works. And the sime and twentith daye of Julye beypng Sondaye, Roger Bolingbroke, wyth all hys instrumentes of Pegromancye, that is to sape, a chapze paynted wherein hée was wonde to sitte, upon the soure corners of which Chapze stode soure swozdes, and upon euerpe swozde an Image of Copper hangyng, wyth manye other instrumentes: hée stode on a highe Scaffolde in Paules Churchparde, befor the Crosse, holding a Swozde in hys righte hande, and a Scepter in hys lefte, arrayed in a maruellous attyze, and after the Sermon was ended by myppker Low Bythoppe of Rochester, he abuired all Articles longing to the crakte of Pegromancye or milldownping to the Faythe.

On the Tuesday next following, Dame Elianor Cobham Dutchelle of Glocester fledde by nighte into the Sancuarie at Westminster, whiche caused hir to be suspected of treason.

In the meane tyme Roger Bolyngbroke was examined before the Ryngs Counsayle, where he confessed that hée wroughte the sayde Pegromancye at the flytlyrping and procurement of the sayd Dame Elianor, to know what Thoulde befall of hys, and to what effecte hée should come, whereupon hée was cpted to appeare before Henrye Chicheley Archebysthoppe of Counterbure,

Henrie.

Elianor Cobham
apprehended.

Henrie the sixth.

Henrie Beauforte Bishoppe of Winchester Cardinall, John Kempe Archbishop of York Cardinal: William Acothe Bishoppe of Salisbury, and other in Saint Stephens Chappell at Westminster, there to aunswear to certaine Articles of Peagromancie, Witchcrakte, Sozcery, Heresie, and Treason, where when the appeared, the foze said Roger was brought forth to witnesse against him, and sayde, that the was cause and first hyred him to labour in the sayde Arte. Then thos was committed to the warde of Sir John Steward Knight, and John Stanley Esquire, and other, to be conueped to the Caffell of Leedes, there to remapne tyl three wcekes after Michaelmaffe. Shoztly after a commission was directed to the Carles of Huntington, Staffordke, and Suffolk, and to certaine Judges of bothe Benches, to enquire of all manner of Treasons, Sozeries and other thyngs that myghte bee hurtefull to the Kyngs Person, before whome the sayde Roger, and Thomas Southwel, as principalles, and dame Elianor as accessearie, were indicted of Treason in the Guild Hall of London.

There was taken also Margerie Gurdemaine a witch of Eye in Suffolk, whose Sozerie and Witchcrakte the said Elianor hadde long tymed, and by hyz medicines and Drinkes enfoced the Duke of Gloucester to lone hyz, and after to wedde hyz, wherfore, and for cause of relapse, the same Witch was brent in Smithfield, on y seuen twentith of October.

The one and twentith of October, in the Chappel beforesayde, before the Bishoppes, of London Robert Gylbatt, of Lincolnne William Alnewike, of Norwich Thomas Brouns, the sayde Elianor appeared, and Adam Molins Clearke of the Kyngs Counsell redde certaine Articles obieded againste hyz of Sozcerpe and Peagromancie, whereof some the denied, and some the graunted.

The thirde and twentith of October Dame Elianor appeared againe, and witnesses were broughte forth and examined, and she was conuicte of the sayde Articles : then

St.l.ii.

was

Annoreg.20

The V.Vitch of Eye brent.

646

Henrie the sixth.

was it asked if the would be any thing against the wits
nesses, whereunto the aunswereared say, but submitted hy
selfe. The seauen and twentith dave of October the abiured
the Articles, and was adiopned to appeare again the ninth
of Pouember. In the meane time Thomas Southwel dyed
in the Tower of London, as himselfe had prophesied that he
thoulde neuer dye by Justice of the Law.

William Combis: Richard de Riche, the. 28. of September.
Robert Clopton Draper, the. 28. of October.

The ninth of Pouember Dame Elianor appeared before the Archbilhoppe and other, in the sayde Chappel, and recevued hyt penaunce which she perfourmed. On Monday the riy. of Pouember, she came from Westminster, by water, and landed at the Temple Bridge, from whence with a fayler of ware of two pounde in hit hande, she went throughe Fleetes Streete, hoodselle (sane a kerchefe) to Paules, where she offered hyr Taper at the high Aulter. On y Wednesday next she landed at y Swan in Thomis Streete, th then went throughe Bridge Street, Grace Church Streete, streight to Leaden Hall, and so to Christ Church by Aldegate. On Fryday she landed at Queene Hine, and so went throughe Cheape to Saint Michels in Cornhill, in fourme aforesayd: at all which times the Paiz, Sherifes, and Craftes of London, recevued hit and accompanied hit. This being done, she was committed to the ward of Sir Thomas Stanley, wherein the remapned duryng hyr life in the castel of Chester, having perely an hundred marks alligned for hyr finding, whose pride, false, couetise, and lecherie, were cause of hit confusion.

The viij. of Pouëber Roger Bolingbroke, with Sir John
Hum Priest, and William Woodham Esquire, was arraig-
ned in the Guild Hall of London, where the sayde John and
William had their Charters, but Roger Bolingbroke was
condemned, & had iudgement of Sir John Hody, chief Justice
of the Kings Bench, and the same day he was dzaiven from the
Tower to Tiborne & there hanged and quartered : when he
said Roger thold suffer, he said he was neuer guilty of any
treason

Sherifes.
Maior.
Elianor Cobhã
did penaunce.

Henricethe sixth.

kreason againſt the kings perſon, but he hadde pzeſumed ſo
far in his cunning, whereof he cryed God mercie: and the
Justice that gaue on him indgemente liu'd not long after.

Henric Beauchampe succæded in hys fathers inheritace,
who being kept two peares in the Kings hands, was reſto-
red to al his liuings with greate glorie, for he was crowned
King of Wight, by the Kyngs owne hands, and nominated
chieſe Earle of England.

A challenge was done in Smithfield within liffes, before
the King, by the Loode Beawſe of Aragon, and John An-
ſley Eſquire of the Kings house, whoche Anſley hadde the
ſkelde, and at the Kings hande was made Knight: and the
Loode Aragon offered his harneis at Wmdfor.

In the moneth of Auguſt was a great ſrap in Fleetſtreete,
betwene the yong Students of the Innes of Courte, and
the inhabitauntes of the ſame Stræte, whoche Fray began
in the night, and ſo continued the affaultes and bickeryngs
till the nert day, in whoche ſeason muche people of the Cy-
tie was thyther gathered, and diuerſe men on both partes
ſlaine and many hurte, but lastly, by the pzeſence of the Ma-
ioz and ſheriſes, this Fray was appeaſed, of whoche was
chicke occasioner one of Cliffsors Inne named Herbotel.

Thomas Beaumont: Richard Norden, the 28. of Sept.

John Athirle Ironmonger, the 28. of October.

John Beaufort Earle of Somerset was made Duke of So-
merſet and Loode Talbot Earle of Shrewſpurie.

The Keesple of Waltham Holy Croſſe in Efſex, was brente
with lightning on Candlemaffe day.

The Citizens of Norwiche, roſe againſt the Priour of
Christes Churche, wythin the ſame Citie, and would haue
ſkered the prieſie, they kept the towne by ſtrength againſſe
the Duke of Norſſolke, and all his power, whereſoſe the
Kyng ſente thyther the chieſe Judge Iohn Forteſcue, wyth
the Earles of Staffordre and of Huntington, who indiſted many

St.liiy.

Citizens,

1442

A Combar en Smithſkelde.

Anno. reg. 21.

Sherifes.
Maior.

1443

Henricethe sixth.

Citizens, and the Pricour also. The Liberties of the Citie were leysed into the Kings hand, and Sir John Clifton made Captaine there, and manpe of the Citizens sedde ouer the Seas etc.

Nicholas Wilforde: John Norman, the 28. of September.
Thomas Catworth Grocer, the 28. of October.

John Earle of Huntington at Windsor was made Duke of Excester. John Beauforde Duke of Somerset deceased, and was buryed at Wimborne.

The Earle of Stafford was created Duke of Buckingham, Henrie Beauchampe Earle of Warwick, Duke of Warwick, vnto whom the King gaue the Castell of Bristowe with all the appurtenances, which King Iohn had kept in his hâds, he gaue vnto him also the Illes of Garnsey and Iarnsey.

The Earle of Dorset was made Marques of Dorset, and the Earle of Suffolk, Marques of Suffolk.

King Henrie sent into Fraunce Ambassadours, William de la Pole Marques of Suffolk, Adam Molens Bilhoppe of Chichester and keeper of the prinie seale, Sir Roberte Roos and other, to treat of a marriage betwene King Henrie and Margaret the kings daughter of Scicil, which was concluded in the Citie of Tourres in Touraine.

Stephen Pofter: Hugh Wich, the 28. of September.
Henrie Frowike Mercer, the 28. of October.

In the moneth of November William de la Pole Marques of Suffolk, with other went againe into Fraunce for to conduct the fayd Lady Margaret into England.

On Candlemas euen in diverse places of England, was heard terrible thunders wyth lightning, wherby the church of Baldoke, in Hertfordshire, the Church of Walden in Essex, & diverse other, were soze shaken. And the keeple of Saint Paul in London, about two of the clocke in the after none, was set on fire in the middel of the chaft, but by the labour of many well desposed people the same was quenched and no man perished. The keeple of King Stone was like wife fiered by the same lightnings.

Lady

Anno reg. 22.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. §

1444

Cro. of lewes.

Anno reg. 13

Sherifes. ?

Maior. §

Henry the sixth.

649

Ladie Margaret landing at Portchester, went from thence
by water to Hampton, & resorted there in a place called God's
house, from thence she went to the Abbay of Tychfielde and
was there wedded to King Henry, & rrij. of April. She was
re receipted at the Blackeheath by the Citizens of London, and
living on horsebacke, in blewe gownes with hodered Leues
and red hods the 28. of May, and on the 30. of May the was
crowned at Westminister : her badge was the Daylie.

With the fall of Kingstone Steple, one man was claine
and manp soze hurt.

John Darby: Godfrey Filding, the 28. of September.

Simon Eyre draper, the 28. of October.

This Simon Eyre built the Leaden hall in London (to
be a soze house for graine and sewell soz the pwze of the Ci-
tie,) & also a beautefull Chappel in the Cattel end of yfame,
ouer the gate whereof he caused to be written, Dextera Do-
mini exaltavit me, that is to say, The Lordes right hand hath
exalted me: Whereby he doing so notable a wozke soz the
tommon weale, also left example to other Citizens com-
ming after him, who God likewise exalteth with such tem-
porall blessings, that they be not unthankfull to God, and
their common weale, wherein they haue received them.

Henrie Duke of Warwike, chiefe Erle of England, Lozde
Spencer and Aburgaueny, King of the Isle of Wight, Garnsey
and Iarnfey, and Lord of the Castell of Briston, died without
issue, and was buried at Tewksburie.

John Dauid appeached hisマfter William Catur an Ar-
moer dwelling in S. Dunstones Parith in Fletefreete, of trea-
son, and a day being alligned them to fight in Smithfield, the
mafter being wel beloved, was so cherithed by his friends,
and plied with wine, that being therewith ouercome, was
also unluckily claine by his feruaunt.

Robert Horne: Godfrey Boleine the 28. of September.

John Olney Mercer, the 28. of October.

Pope Eugenius sent a golden Rose to the King of England,
謝罪於the property and application of the same, with the

S. c. v.

ceremonie

1445

Quene Margaret crovvned.

Kingston steple
fell.

An. reg. 24.

Sherifes.

Maiors.

Leaden hall is
L on, built.

A notable ex-
ample.

1446

Cronicle of
Thevvkesbury.
John Rowyfe,
Duke of vvvav-
vvvik & King of
vvight died.

Côbat betwven
a master & the
feruaunt.

An. reg. 25.

Baylifes.

Custos.

650

Henry the sixth.

Record. Ecclesi.
Canons.

Parliament at
Burie.

The Duke of
Gloceſter areſt.
ted & ſone after
dyed.

1447

v. men hanged
& after pardor
ned.

An. reg. 16.

Sherifes.
Major.

ceremonie that is p[er]euly d[ied] on Palme S[unday], ſouching
the ſame Rose, erhoſting the Lyng agaynſke the Turkes.
Which Rose Lodouicus Cordona D[oto]oz of Diuinitie diſ
p[re]ſent to the King in S. Stephens Chappell at Westminſter
upon S. Andrewes day, in p[re]ſence of the Dukes of Yorke &
Exceſter, Cardinall Kempe Archbifhop of Yorke & John Staf-
ford Archbifhop of Caunterburie Chauncelloz of England.

The r. of Februarie beganne a Parliament at Saint Ed-
mondeſhurie in Suffolke, at which time al the wapes about the
ſame Towne were kept with armed men both daye and
night, ſo that many dyed with colde and waking. Humſrey
Duke of Gloceſter being at the caſtell of the Vies in Wilſoure,
came from thence to the Parliament, and was lodged in the
H[osp]itall, where th[os]tly after he was arreſted by John
Lord Beaumount high Conſtable, the Duke of Buckingham,
the Duke of Somerset and other, who appointed certaine of
the Kings houſholde to waite upon him : but on the. r[ri]ij.
day he died ſo[vi] ſo[vi]row, as ſome ſaid, that he might not come
to his aunſwere : he was buryed at Saint Albons. r[ri]ij. of his
principall ſeruau[n]tes were arreſted and ſent to diuers p[ri]
ſons, and ſiue of them were arraigued at London and con-
demned, whose names were, ſir Roger Chamberlain knight
Middleton, Herbert, Arteyſe Esquiers, and Richard Nedam
gentleman, which were al ſiue d[ra]wne from the Towze of
London to Tiborne and there hanged, letten downe quicke,
ſkrift naked, marked with a kniſe ſo[vi] to be quartered, and
then a charfer thewed ſo[vi] their liues : but the p[oma]n of the
crowne had their liuelode, and the hangman had their clo-
thes. Henry Beauford Cardinal of Winch[ester] deceaſed, & aſ-
ter him W. Wainſlete D[rou]ſt of Eaton, was made B[ith]o[p]of
Winch[ester]. The v. of Auguſt died Iohn Holl[ad] duke of Exce-
ſter & was buried at S. C[ather]ins n[gh] the Towze of London.

William Abraham: Thomas Sc[ot], the 28. of September.
John Gidney Draper, the 28. of October.

This p[er]e during ſt. peace betwene England & Fraunce a
knight of the English part, named ſir Frances Aragonoyſe,
toko

Henry the sixth.

651

1448

toke a towne named Fogars dpō the bozders of Normãdie be
longing to þ duke of Britaine. Foz the which he complained
him to þ French king, þe at þ said dukes request sent onto
þ king of England, to alke reffitutiō of the harme. The which
mestangers were anſwers of þ kings Couſell, that þ dæde
was right displeaſant onto þ king, ſ that fir Francis Aragon
had enterpziſed þ ſeate of his owne pzeſumption. Wher bpō
it followed choſtly after, that þ French by like policie toke þ
towne & caſſle of Pountallarche, & after that many other, ſo þ
the taking of þ ſoſe aid towne of Fogars by þ English men,
was þ occation by þ which the French after gat at Normãdy.

William Catlow: William Marow, the 28.of September.

Steuern Browne Grocer, the 28.of October.

This þere the Frenchmē got manp townes in Normādy, out
of the posſection of þ Faglighmē. Also þ citie of Roane was yeel-
ded to the French, with condition that the Captaines & gar-
trisons might depart with armour & goods, & not long after
was rendered (with the like cōvitiō as of Roane) the towns
of Harſlewe, & Hounſlewe. A knight of France called fir Lewes
de Breyll, challenged an Esquier of England named Ralph
Chalons of certaine ſeates of Warre, the which to proue, a
dap to them was giuen to meete at a towne in France named
Maunce where þ French king at that dap was pzeſent: But
Chalons, canne the French knight through the body with his
ſpeare, wherof the said Lewes dyed.

William Hulin, Thomas Cannings, the 28. of September.

Thomas Chalton Mercer, the 28. of October.

The 9.of Januarie Adā Molins Bithop of Chicheſter, kées
per of the kings prieuie ſeale, through þ procurement of Ri-
chard duke of Torke was by ſhipmen ſaine at Portesmouth.

The 9. of Febzuarie Thomas Thany, otherwife Blewberd
a Fuller, was taken beside Caunterburie for raising a rebelli-
on, who was hanged and quartered.

Williā Delapole duke of Suffolke was banisbed þ land for v.
þeres, to appeaſe þ runnoz of þ common of England, who ta-
king ship at Ipswich the 3.of May, failed toward Fraunce, but

was

An. reg. 27.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. 3

1449

Roane yeielded
to the French.

An. reg. 28.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. 3

B.of Chicheſes
murdered.

Blevyberd hanged.

1450

Duke of Suffolk
murdered.

Henry the sixth.

was niette on the sea, by a ship of warre named Nicholas of
the Towne, and beheaded, and his corps was cast vp at Do-
ner and buried in the Charter house at Hull. This William
de la pole Duke of Suffolk, and Alice his wife, daughter to
Thomas Chawcer, sonne to Geoffrey Chawcer the famous
Poet, translated and increased the manner place of Eweline
in Oxfordshire: they builded a neive the parthe Church of
Eweline, a comely pèce of wozke standing on a hyl: and alio
hard adiopning to the Walest end of Eweline parthe Church
they founded a prieie Hospitall of almes house for ij. priests
and riij. pòze men to dwell and be sustained in soz euer, one
of the prieles to be mailfer of the almes house, the other
prieſt a Scholemakker, freely to teache the children of the te-
naunts of the Lay Lordship of Eweline and other Lordships
pertaining to the said almes house their Gràmer, & cyther
of those. ij. priests to haue a pound the yeare. One of the 12,
pòze men to be called minifter, to pizeſent the faultes of the
other to the mailſer, and to ring their common bell to ser-
uice, and to haue rbi. pence the wéeke, the other riij. pòze me
to haue every of them riij. pence 9 wéeke. This house hath
to name God's house, of the house of almes, vnto the which he
gaue ij. Manors, Ramruge in Hampshire, Conocke in Wiltshire,
and Mershe in Buckinghamshire, with their appurtenances,
they also founded the Hospitall of Donington Castle.

Gods house at
new Eveline
in Oxfordshire.

Liber fundacionis.

Hospital at Do-
nington Castle.

Jacke Cade
Captraine of the
Sebel in Kent.

In the month of May the commons of Kent in great
numbers assembled, hauing to their Captaine Jacke Cade,
who named himſelfe Mortimer, coſin to the Duke of Torke,
oz as he was named of ſome John amend all: this Captaine
brought a great number of people to the Blackheath, there
kept the field moze than a moneth, pilling the countrey a
bout, to whom the Citie of London at that time was full
ſauourable. And the said Captaine (as I finde recorde) ſent
ſoz ſuch Citizens of London as it pleased him to command
to repayze vnto him, vnder letters of ſafe conduct, as fol-
loweth:

The

Henry the sixth.

The Safeguard and figne manuell of the Captaine of Kent, sent to Thomas Cocke Draper of London, by the Captaine of the great Assemble in Kent.

By this our writing en sealed, we grant and will permit trulp, that Thomas Cocke of Londò Draper, that come in good fuerie and in Safeguard to our presence, without any hurt of his person, and so auoyde from vs againe at his pleasure, with al other perſons all iigned at his denominatiò with him comming in likewise.

The commandement by the Capitaine of Kent, ſent vnto Thomas Cocke aboue fayd.

For your instruction, first we shall charge all Lumbardes & Strangers, being marchaunts, Ieneweis, Venetians, Floren-times, and other, this day to draw them together, and to ozeaine for vs the Captain.rij. Harniſes complete of the belt fashion, rriij. Brigandines, rij. battaile Aces, rij. Claues, vi. Hozes with faddle and bridle completely harnessed, and a thousande marks of readie money: and if this oure demaund be not obſerved and done, we shall haue the heads of as many as we can get of them.

What anſwere to this demaund was returned I ſinde not, but like it is the fame was graunted and perſozmed, for I ſinde not the ſaid Capitaine and Kentiſhmen, at their being in the Cittie, to haue hurt any Straunger.

In the meane time the King ſent notable men to the ſayd Capitaine and his fellowship, to knowe their purpose and the cause of their iſurrection: onto whom the Capitaine anſwered, that he and his company were assembled there to redresse and reſoſme the wrongs that were done in the Realme, and to withstand the malice of them that were deſtroyers of the common weale, and to amend the defaultes of them that were chieſe counſellers to the King, and the ſhedv unto them the articles of complaints touching the miſgovernement of the realm, wherein was nothing conteined but ſeemed reasonable, wherof a copie was ſent to the Parliament holden that time at Westminſter, with alſo one other byll of requeſtes by them made, of things to be reſoſmed,

and

654

Henry the sixth.

and to have answered thereof agayne, but he had none. The
bill of Articles they intituled

The complaint of the Commons of Kent, and causes of the
assembly on the Blackheath.

1 Inprimis, it is openly nopsed that Kent shoulde be de-
kroyed with a Royall power, and made a wylde rozett, for
the death of the Duke of Suffolke, of which the Commons of
Kent thereof were neuer guiltie.

2 Item the King is upreited to lyue onely on his Com-
mons, and other men to have the revenues of the Crown,
the which hath caused pouertie in his excellencie, and great
paymentes of the people, nowe late to the King graunted
in his Parliament.

3 Item that the Lords of his Royall bloud been put
from his dayly presence, and other meane persons of lower
nature eralted and made chiefe of his Prinie Counsell, the
which Coppeth matters of wronges done in the Realme,
from his excellent audience, and may not be redressed as
lawe will, but ifzbibes and giktes be messengers to the
handses of the sayde Counsell.

4 Item, the people of his Realme be not payde of debts
owing for Stoffe and purueyaunce taken to the use of the
Kings houyholde, in vndoyng of the sayde people, and the
poize Commons of this Realme.

5 Item, the Kings meniall seruauntes of houyholde,
and other persons, asken dayly goods and lands, of empea-
ched oz indited of treason, the which the King graunteth
anon, cre they so endaungered be conuicd. The which cau-
seth the recepuers thereof to enforze labours and meanes
applied to the death of such people, so appealed oz indi-
ted, by subtyl meanes, for couetyse of the sayde grauntes:
the people so empeached oz indited, though it be untrue,
may not be committed to the Lawe for their deliveraunce,
but helde still in prizion, to their bettermost vndoyng and de-
struction, for couetyse of goods.

6 Item, thongh diuers of the poize people and Com-
mons.

Henry the sixth.

mons of the Realme, haue neuer so great right, trueth and
perſtke ſytle to they lande, vet by vntrue clayme of enkeſſe-
ment made into diuers States, Gentles, and the Kings
meniall ſeruauntes in maintenaunces againſke the ryghte,
the true owners dare not holde, clayme, noz pursue their
right.

7 Item, it is noſed by common doyces, that the Kings
landes in Fraunce bene aliened and put awaye from the
Crowne, and his Lozdes and people there deſtroyed with
untrue meanes of treason, of which it is deſyred, enqui-
ries thzough all the Realme to bee made howe and by
whom, and if ſuche Traptozs may be found guiltie, them
to haue execution of Laowe without any pardon, in example
of other.

8 Item, Collectors of the. rb. pennie in Kent be great-
ly bered and hurfe in paying great ſummes of money,
in the Eschequere to ſue out a Writ called Quorum nomi-
na for the allowaunce of the Barons of the Dozts, which
nowe is deſyred, that hereafter in the lien of the Collectors
the Barons aſozeſaide may ſue it out for their ease at their
owne coſtes.

9 Item, the Sheriles and Underſheriles, let to ferme
their offices and Bayliwikes, taking great ſuertie therfore,
the which cauſeth exſortions done by them by their Bay-
liſes to the people.

10 Item, ſimple and poze people that be not hunting, be
greatly oppreſſed by inditements ſained and done by the ſaide
Sheriles, Underſheriles, Bayliſs, and other of their affent,
to cause their encreafe for paying of their ſaid Ferme.

11 Item, they returne in names of Enquells in wzi-
ting into diuers Courtes of the Kinges not ſomoned noz
warned, where thzough the people dayly lèſe great ſümes
of money, welny to the diſtermok of their undopyng: make
leuie of amercementes called the Græne Wware, moze in
ſummes of money than can be founde due of recozde in the
Kings hokes.

12 Item

Henry the fixth.

12 Item, the minifters of the courte of Douer in Kent were and areft diuers people thzough all the Shire out of Castle warde pafling their bands and libertie vled of olde time, by diuers subtle and vntrue meanes and actions falfelye fained, taking great ſee at their luft in great hurt of the people on all the Shire of Kent.

13 Item, the people of the ſaide Shire of Kent, may not haue their free election in the choſing Knights of the Shire, but letters bene ſent from diuers eſtates to the great Rulers of all the Country, the which enbrazeth their tenaunts and other people by ſorce to choose other perſons than the common will is.

14 Item, where as Knightes of the Shire ſhould choose the kings collectors indifferently without any bize taking, they haue ſet now late to diuers perſons, notifying them to be collectors, whereupon gifteres and bizees be taken, and so the collectors office is bought and ſold exortionouſly at the Knightes luſt.

15 Item the people be ſoſe vered in coſſes and labour, called to the Sellions of peace in the ſayd Shire, appearing from the farthest & bettermoſt part of the Weſt unto the East, the which cauſeth to ſome men. Ⅵ. dayes iourney, where upon they deuide the ſaide appearaunce to be deuided into two parties the which one part, to appeare in one place, an other part, in an other place in relening of the greenaunce and in tollerable labours and verations of the ſaid people.

The requeſtes by the Captaine of the great aſſemble in Kent.

INprimis, deſireth the Captaine of the commons, the weſt fare of our ſouveraigne Loſz the King, to al his true Loſz ſpirituall and tempozall, deſiring of our ſaide ſouveraigne Loſz, and of al the true Loſzes of his counſell, he to take in al his demaines, that he may raigne like a King royaall, according as he is bozne our true Chriſtian King annoyned, and who so will ſaye the contrary, we all will line and die in the quarrell as his true liege men.

Item,

Henry the sixth.

Item, desfeth the said Captaine, that he will anoke al
the false progenie and affinitie of the Duke of Suffolke, the
whiche beene openlie knowne, and they to be punished al-
ter the cultome and Lawe of this Land, to take about his
noble person the true Lords of his Royal blond of this his
Realme, that is to say, the high and mightie Prince ſ Duke
of Yorke late exiled from our laide Soueraigne Lords pre-
sence (by the motion and chirring of the traiterous and false
dispoſed the Duke of Suffolke and his affinitie) & the mightie
Princes & Dukes of Exceſter, Buckingham, and Norſtolke, and
all the Earles and Barons of this land; and then that he be
the richeſ King Chriſten.

Item, desfeth the said Captaine & commons puniſhment
upon the false traitors, the which contriued and imagined
the death of the high & mightful excellent Prince the Duke
of Gloceſter, the whiche is too much to rehearse, ſ which duke
was proclaimed as traitor. Upon the which quarrell, we
purpose all to line and die upon that it is false.

Item, the Duke of Exceſter, our holy father the Cardinal,
the noble Prince Duke of Warwike, and also the Realme of
Fraunce, the Dutchie of Normandie, Gafcoyne, and Gwion, An-
joy and Mayne, were deliuered and loſſ, by the meanes of the
ſayd traptoſs, and our true Lords, Knights, and Esquiers,
and many a good yoman loſſ and ſold ere they wėt, ſ which
is great pitie to heare, of the great and grčuous loffe to our
Soueraigne Loſde and his Realme.

Item, desfeth the ſayd Captayne and Commons that
all the extortions vſed dayly among the Common people,
might be layde downe, that is to ſay, the Grčene Ware the
which is falsel vſed, to the perpetuall deſtruction of the
Kings true Commons of Kent. Also the kings Bench, the
which is two grčekfull to the ſhire of Kent without pčouil-
on of our Soueraigne Loſd and his true Counſell. And al-
so in taking of Wheate and other graynes, Bčke, Dutton,
and all other vicual, the which is impotable to the ſayde
Commons, without the briefe pčouilſion of our laide Soue-
raigne
Tt.

658

Henry the sixth.

raigne Lozde and his true Counsell, they may no longer
beare it. And also vnto the statute of labours and the great
erfortioners the which is to lay the false traytors, Slegge
Crowmer, Isle, and Robert Elte.

These byles when the Counsell had well perused, they
did not onely disalowe and condemne them to the authors,
as proude and przesumptuons, but also periwaded the King
rather to supprèsse those rebels by force, than by laye prie-
mises. Whereupon the King remoued from Westminister un-
to Greenewiche, from whence he woulde have sent certaine
Lozdes with a powre to have deftressed the Kentishmen, but
the men layde to their Lozdes they would not fight against
them that labour to amend the common Weale: wherevpon
the Lozdes were dRIuen to leave their purpose. And be-
cause the Kentishmen cryed out against the Lozde Say the
Kings Chamberlayne, he was by the King committed to
the Towre of London. Then went the King agayne to Lon-
don, and within the dapes after went against the Kentishmen
with the thousand men well prepared for the warre, but the
layd Kentishmen fled the night before his comming into the
wood countrep nere vnto Senocke, wherevpon the King re-
turned againe to London, and sent his Humfrey Stafford
Knight with William Stafford his brother, and other Gen-
tlemen, to follow the Kentishmen, who finding them at Senocke
set vpon the rebels, and fought with them a long time, but
in the ende both the Staffordes were slaine with many other
of their people. When Iacke Cade had thus overcome the
Staffordes, he forthwith apparelled himself with the knigh-
tes apparell, and after he had refreshed his people, he re-
turned to the Blackheath, and there pight agayne his field,
and lay there from the rrip. dave of June, till the first day
of July, in which season came vnto him the Archbyshop of
Caunterburie, and the Duke of Buckingham, with whom
they had a long communication, and founde him right dif-
crete in his answeres. Howbeit they could not cause him
to submit himselfe and lay downe his people.

King Henrie
vvent against
the Kentishmen
vvith a great
pavver.

King Henries
povver quar-
comt.

Henry the sixth.

In the meane while, the King and Quene hearing of
the increasement of his rebels, and also the Lords fearing
their owne seruants, leaue they would take the Captaines
part, remoued from London to Killingworth, leauing the Ci-
tie without ayde, except onely the Loode Scales, which was
left to kepe the Towre, and with him a manly and warly
man named Mathewe Gowghe. Then the Captaine of
Kent thus houering at Blackheath, to bring himselfe the
more in fame, that he kept good Juitice, beheaded there a
petie Captayne of his named Paris, soz so muche as he had
offended agaynst such ordinaunces as he had established in
his hoste: and hearing that the King and his Lords were
thus departed, diere him nere unto the Cittie, so that
upon the first of July, he entred the Bozough of South-
warke, then beping Wednesday, and lodged him there
at the Harte, soz he myght not bee suffered to enter the
Cittie.

And upon the same day, the Commons of Essex in great
number pight them a kelde upon the playne of Myles ende.

And upon the seconde day of the sayde moneth, the
Maior called a common Counsell at the Guild hall, to pur-
uey soz the withkanding of these rebels, in which assem-
bly were diuers men of sundrye opinions, so that some
thought god that the sayde rebels should be receyued into
the Cittie, and some other wife. Among the which Robert
Horne Stochefilhe monger then being an Alderman, spake
soze agaynst them that Woulde haue them enter. Soz the
which, the Commons were so moued agaynst him, that
they ceasled not till they had him committed to ward. And
the same afternone about v.of the clocke, Captaine with
his people entred by the bridge, and cutte the Ropes of the
dzaw bridge a sunder with his swozde, when he was passed
into the Citie. He made in sundrye places thereof Procla-
mations in the kings name, that no man in payne of death
thoulde robbe soz take any thing without paying therefoze.
By reason whereof he wanne the hartes of the Commons,

Tt.y.

but

King Henrie
vient to Kill-
ling vvorth.

Captaine of
Kent & his Kee-
tishmen entred
the Citie of
London.

Robert Fabian.

Rebels of Essex
pight their field
on the Myles
end.

660

Henry the sixth.

but all was done to beguile them, after as he came by London Stone he krake it with his swood, and said: now is Mortimer Lozde of this Citie, and then thewing his minde to the Maioz for the ordering of his people, he returned into Southwarke. £ there abode as he befoze had done, his people coming and going at lawfull houres when they would. On the mozrowe þ third of July, the sayd Captaine agayne entred the Citie, and caused the Lozde Say to be fette from the Tower to the Guild hall, where he was araygned before the Maioz and other the Kings Justices, and Robert Horne Alderman befoze named should haue bene likewise araygned, but that his wife and other friendes for. d. hundred markes gat him reffozed to his libertie. The Lord Say desiring he might be tried by his Pæres, was by the rebels forceably taken from the officers, £ brought to þ Standard in Cheape, where they krake off his head, pight it on a pole, and bare it before them, and his body they caused to be dzawne naked at a horse tayle upon the pauement from Cheape into Southwarke to the sayd Captaines Inne.

Also a Squier called Crowmer that was then Sherife of Kent, that had wedded þ said Lord Saye's daughter, by commaundement of the Captaine was brought out of the Flete, that was committed thither for certaine erfortions that he had done in his office, and led to Mile end without London, £ there without any iudgement his head was mit off, £ the Lord Saye's head and his were bozne upon a long poles ben to London bridge and there set vp, and the Lozde Saye's body was quartered. The same daye the Captaine went into þ house of Philip Malpas Diaper £ Aldermã, £ robbed £ spotled his house, taking from thence great substance, £ returned into Southwarke: on the nerf mozowe he againe entred þ Citie, and dyned that day in the Parilhe of Saint Margaret Paryns at one Cherltis house, and when he had dyned, like an uncourteous guest he robbed him, as the day before he had Malpas. For which two robberies, although the pwe people drewe to hym and were parteners in the spople, yet the

Henry the fixth.

the honeſt and wealtſy commoners call in their mynds the
ſequele of this matter, and feared least they ſhould be deſt
with in lyke manner. Then the Maioz and Aldermen with
aſſiſtance of the Wazchipful Commoners, in ſafegarde of
themſelues and of the Cittie, toke their Counſell how they
might diuie the Captaine and his adherents from the Ci-
tie, foz the perſoſmaunce whereof the Maioz ſent vnto the
Lozde Scales, and Mathew Gowghe, then having the To-
wer in their government, requiring their ayde and aſſi-
ſaunce, which they prompſed. On the v.of July the Cap-
tayne being in Southwarke, caused a manne to be beheaded
there, and that day entred not the Cittie. When night was
come, the Maioz and the Citizens, with Mathew Gowghe
kept the paſſage of the Bridge, and defended the Kentiſhmen
which made great force to reenter the Cittie. Then the
Captayne ſeeping this bickering, went to Harneys, ſaffeu-
bled his people, and ſet ſo ſtercely upon the Citizens, that
he drane them backe from the ſkoupes in Southwarke, or
Bridgeſwote, vnto the drawbridge, in defending wher of ma-
ty a man was drowned and ſlaine. Among the which
was John Sutton Alderman, Mathewe Gowghe a Squire
of Wales, and Roger Hoysland Citizen. This ſkirmith con-
tinued all night ſtyll nyne of the clocke on the mozrowe, ſo
that ſometyme the Citizens had the better, and ſome-
ſtynes the other, but euer they kept them upon the bridge,
ſo that the Citizens paſſed neuer much the Bulwarke at
the Bridge ſwote, noz the Kentiſhmen no farther than the
draue Bridge. Thus continuing the cruell fighte to the
deſtruction of much people on both ſydes, laſtly after the
Kentiſhmen were putte to the wozſ, a truce was agréede
foz certayne houres, during which truce, the Archbſhoppe
of Caunterburie, then Chauncelloz of England, ſente a gene-
rall pardon to the Captayne foz him ſelſe, and an other foz
his people, by reaſon wherof, he and his company with-
dzewe them little and little, and their Captayne put all
his pillage and goods that he had robbed, into a Barge, and
ſent

Tt.iy.

Captaine, and
rebels paſdo-
ned.

662

Henry the sixth.

sent it to *Rochester* by water, and himselfe went by land and
woulde hane entred into the Castle of *Quinborow* with a
felfe men that were lefte about him: but he was there let
of his purpose: wherefoze he fled into the Wood Countrey
beside *Lewes* in *Suffex*. The Captayne and his people be-
ing thus departed, not long after Proclamations were
made in divers places of Kent, *Suffex*, and *Southerey*, that who
might take the foze laid Captaine alive or dead, should hane
a thousand marks for his trauaile.

The Copie of the Writ and Proclamation by the King, for the
taking of the fayd Cade and his fellowship.

HENricus Dei gratia Rex Anglie & Francia, & dominus H伯-
bernie, vniuerſis & ſingulis custodibus, &c.

For as much as one John Cade borne in Ireland, which
calleth himselfe John Mortimer, and in some writing cal-
leth himselfe Captayne of Kent, the which John Cade the
laste yeare tofoze his dwelling in Suffex with a knight called
for Thomas Dagre, ſelwe there a woman with childe, and
for that cause toke the greeth of the Churche, and after for
that cause forware the Kings lande: The which John
Cade also after this, was twozne to the Frenche parte,
and dwelled with them, which hath no we of late time,
(to the intent to enrich him ſelfe by robbryng and dispoyling
of the Kings liege men, as it is nowe openly knowne, to
bring him ſelfe to great and high eſtate) falſely and untru-
ely deceyued many of the Kings people, and under colour
of holp and good intentes, made them to assemble with him
against the Kings Regalitie and his Lawes, and nought
ſetting by the Kings Grace and pardons grauſed, not one
ly to him but to al the Kings ſubjectes, the which by his de-
cept hane assembled with him, the which he with great re-
uerence receiued on Punday laste palled, and so did all that
were assembled with him: not withſanding al this, he la-
boureſh now of newe to assemble the Kings people against,
to that intent beareth them on hand, that the Kings let-
ters of pardon graunted to him and them, he not auaiable

no.

Henry the fixth.

noz of none effect without authozitie of Parliament : wher-
as the contrarie is true , as it is openly knowen by that,
that the King grauntes from tyme to tyme his Charters
of Pardon to such as him lych, of all manner of crimes and
offences both generall and speciall.

The King therfoze willeth and commaundeth, that none
of his subiectes giue sayth noz credence to the said false In-
fozmations of the sayde false trapfoz, noz accompany with
him in any wisc, noz comfozt noz suffaine him noz his with
victuall, noz with any other things. But will who soevner of
the Kings subiectes may take him, Thall take him, and that
who so evner taketh him and bringeth him quicke oz dead to
the King oz to his Coúsel, Thal haue a thousand markes foz
his labour truely payde him without faile oz delays by the
prouission of the Kings Counsell. And who so evner taketh
any of those that from this day fozth accompany with him,
Thal haue v. marke foz his reward, truelp to be paibe in ma-
ner and fozme abonesaide.

And ouer this, commaunding all Conftables, Minillers,
<sup>†</sup> Officers of the said Shire, that none of them on paine of
death take vpō them to execute any commandement by word
oz writing sent oz made vnto them by the said Cade, calling
himselſe Mortimer <sup>†</sup> Captaine, be it to rere any people oz to
any other intent: but to areſt and make to be areſted such as
take vpō them to bring any such cōmaundemēt by writing
oz by word. Et hoc nullatenus omittatis Teste me ipſo apud West-
minſter.x.die Iulij, anno regn. 28. After which P[ro]clamation
thus published, a Gentleman of Kent named Alexander
Eden awapted so his time, that he toke the sayde Cade in a
Garden in Snſex. And there he was ſlaine at Hothfield and
brought to Londō in a cart, <sup>†</sup> there quartered, his head set on
Londō bridge, and his quarters ſent to diners places in Kent.
This done, þ King ſent his Comilſioners into Kent, <sup>†</sup> rode
after himſelf, <sup>†</sup> caused inquirp to be made of this riot in Caú-
terbury, where ſo þ ſame. viij. mē were iudged <sup>†</sup> erecuted, <sup>†</sup>
in other townes of Kent, <sup>†</sup> Snſex was done þ like execution.

Ct.tiyf.

This

Captaine of
Kent taken and
beheaded.

Henry the fixth.

This yeare the Commons also in diuers parties of Eng-
land, and in Sussex, Salisbury, Wilshire, and other places, diu-
much harme to manp persons, among the which, on the
rrix of June, William Afoth Bishop of Salisbury, (after he
had sayde Masse at Edington) was by his owne tenauntes
drawen trom þ Altar, in his Albe with his Stole about his
necke to the toppe of an hill, and there by them shamefully
murthered, and after spopled to the naked skynne: they ren-
ting his blondy shirt, twoke euery man a pèce, & made boast
of their wickednesse. The day before, his Chariot was rob-
bed, to the value of.£.thoufand markes.

John Middleton: William Deere, the 28.of September.
Nicholas Wilforde Grocer, the 28.of October.

Souldiours made a kraye against the Maior of London
the same day he twoke his charge at Westminister, at night
comming from Saint Thomas of Acres, after he had bene at
Paules.

The, by of November began a Parliament at Westmin-
ster, and the first of December the Duke of Somerset which
was newly come out of Normandie, was put under arrest,
and his goods by the Commons was foulely defspopled and
bozne away from the Blacke Fryers. After which ryot, on
the nerte mozrowe, Proclamation was made through
the Cittie, that no man should spoyle or robbe, upon paine
of death: and the same day at the Standard in Cheape
was a man beheaded for doving contrarie to the Procla-
mation. And thus beganne malice to sping betwene the
Loydes of the Lande, and specially against the Duke of
Somerset and other of the Quènes Counsell, for the lew-
ing of Normandie, whereof the chiefe Cittie of Roane was
loft or ginen by by appoyntment the yeare procreding (as
witnesseth Gagwyne,) upon condition that the Duke of So-
merset with his wife & English Souldiours, Thoulde with such
goods as they might carrie, departe freely from the Cittie:
For which free passage he Thoulde paye unto the French king
Ibj.M.Scuts, which amount to fourteene thoufand marks
sterling.

Bishop of Salisburie murdered.

An.reg.29.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Fray in Lond
against the
Maior.

Robert Gagwyne.

Henricethe sixth.

fierling. And also he was bounde to deliuer into the French
Kings possession, all Townes and Castels that at that day
were in the posession of Englishmen, wythin the Dutchie of
Normandie: for perfozmaunce of whiche couenauntes, the
Lord Talbot was sent for one of the pledges, and so by one
Floquet all the Townes and Castelles were to the French
Kynys vse recepued, Harfleete onely excepted, whereof the
Captainne named Curson. with the alliance of Sir Thomas
Auringham, in despfight of al the French Kings power laide
both by Sea and lande, helde the same a full moneth of
more, and then for lacke of rescue gaue it vppe by appoynt
ment.

Matthew Phillip: Christopher Warton, the 28.of Sep.
William Gregorie Skinner, the 28.of October.

The sixteenth of Februarie, King Henrie accompanyed with the Duke of Somerset, and many other Lords, toke towardes the Marches of Wales, for as muche as he was credibly infozmed, that the Duke of Yorke alliued wyth diverse other Lords and men of name, had in those partes gatethred a strong power of people, and with them was entring the land, and so helde on his iournyp towarde him: but wher the Duke had witting of the Kings greate power, he returned from the way which was taken by the Kings hollé, and halked towardes London, and when he had recepued knowledge from the Citie, that he might not there be recepued, he went ouer Kingstone Bridge, and so into Kent, and there upon Brent Heath neare unto Dertforde, he pight his fielde, wherof the king hauing knowledge, sped him after, & lastly came vnto Blacke Heath and there pighte his fielde. When both the hollés were thus embattelled, mediation of peace was made betwene them, for furtheraunce whereof, to the Duke were sente the Bishops of Winchester and of Ely, with the Earles of Salisburie and Warwicke. To whom it was answered by the Duke, that he noz none of his company enfended any hurt to the Kings person, nor to any of his couſaple, beþng louers of the Common wealth, and of him and

Lt.b.

his

An. reg. 30.

Sherifes. 2

Maior. 3.

Henrie the sixth.

hys land: but his intent and purpose was to remove from
the King a fewe euill disposed persons, by whose means
the common people was gréuously oppressed, and the com-
munaltie greatly impouerished, of whom he named the
Duke of SomerSET to be the principal etc. And further to bu-
derlande of the Dukes meaning by this his sozcible en-
tring of the Realme, (as himselfe pretended) may appeare
by certaine letters by him written to the King, and also the
Kings aunswearres, to the same, both whiche I thinke god
here to let downe as I finde them recorded.

Richard Duke
of Yorke his
letter to King
Henrie.

Please it your highnesse to conceive, that Sir my depart-
ing out of this your Realm, by your commandement,
and being in your seruice in your land of Ireland, I haue bin
informed that diverse language hath bene sayde of me to
your moste excellente estate, whiche thoulde founde to my
dishonour and reproch, and charge of my person: howe be it
that, I ape haue bene, and euer will be, your true liegeman
and seruaunt: and if there be any man that will or dare say
the contrarie, or charge me otherwise, I beseech your right-
wiseneffe to call him before your high presence, and I will
declare me for my discharge as a true Knighte ought to do,
and if I doe not, as I doubt not but I shall, I beseech you
to punishe me as the powerfull man of your lande : And if he
be not founde untrue in his suggestion and information, I bee
seech you of your highnesse that he be punished after his de-
serf, in example of all other. Please it your excellence
to knowe, that as well before my departing out of
this your Realme, so to goe into your Lande of Irelande,
in your full noble seruice, as Sir, certaine persons haue
lyne in alwayte so to hearken against me, as Syr John
Talbot Knighte at the Caffell of Holme: Syr Thomas
Stanley Knighte in Cheshire: Pulforde at Chester: Elton
at Worcester: Brooke at Gloucester: and Richarde gromme of
your Chamber at Beaumarres: Whyche hadde in charge (as

Henricethixth.

I am informed,) so to take me and putte me into youre
Caultell of Conway, and to strike of the heade off Syz. William
Oldehall Knighte, and to haue put in prifon Sir William
Deuereux Knight, and Sir Edmond Malfo Anyghte,
withouten enlarging, vntyl the time that your highnesse
had appinted the priz delineraunce. Item, at such tyme
as I was purposed so to haue arriued at youre hauen of
Beaumarres, so to haue come to youre noble presence to de-
clare me your true man and subiecte, as my duetic is, my-
landing was kopped and forbarred by Henrie Norres, Tho-
mas Norres, William Bulkeley, William Gruft, and Bar-
tholmew Boulde, your officers in Northwales, that I should
not lande there, noz haue victuall noz refreshing so mee
and my fellowwhippe, as I haue written to your excellence
here befoze, so farre so the that Henrie Norres deputye to
the Chamberlayne of Northwales, sayde vnto me that hee
hadde in commaundemente that I thoulde in no wile haue
landing, refreshing, noz lodging, so men noz so hozzle,
noz other thyng that myghte turne to my worchippe oz
eale, putpyng the blame vppon William Saye. Uther of
your Chamber, sayng and affyzing myng that I am against
poure intente, and as a Traptoure, as I am inforzmed:
and mozeouer, certaine letters were made and delyuered
unto Chester, Shrewsburie, and to other places so to lette
myne entrie into the same. Item above all wzongs and
injuries aboue sayde done vnto me of malice, wypthout any
cause, I bepyng in your lande of Irelande, in youre honou-
rable seruice, certayne commissions were made and dy-
recte vnto dinerse persons, whiche so the execution of the
same, satte in certayne places, and the Juries empane-
led and charged, to the whiche injuries, certayne per-
sons laboured infauntlye to haue me ended of trea-
son, to the intente so to haue undone me and myne issue,
and corrupted my bloude, as it is openlie publighed: be-
ſaching your Maiestie Royall, of your rpghteousneſse, to
doe exampyne these matters, and thereupon to doe suchc
Inſtice.

668

Henric the lixt.

Justice in his behalfe as the cause requyzeth, for mine intet
is fully to pursue to your highnesse for the conclusion of these
matters.

Anfeyere of
King Henrieto
the Duke of
Yorke.

*   **C**osin we haue ſène the byll that yee take vs late, and
also understand your good húble obedience that yee in your
ſelſe chewe vnto vs, as well in wordes as in deede, wherfore
our intente is, the more haffily to eade you of ſuche things
as were in your ſayde Bil. How be it that at our more lev-
ſure we might aunſwere you to your ſayde Byll, yet we let
you wit, that for the cauſes afoſe ſayde, we will declare you
now our intent in these matters: ifth it is that a long time
among the people hath bene upon you many ſtraunge lan-
guage, and in especial anone after your diſoſdinate and vn-
lawſull ſlaying of the Wilhoppe of Chester, diuerſe and ma-
npe of the vntrue chipmen and other, ſayde in their maner,
words againſt our eſtate, making manace to our own per-
ſon by your ſapings, that you thought be fetched with many
thouſandes, and you should take upon you that, which you
nepther oughte, noz as we doubt not, you will not attempt,
ſo farre forth that it was ſayde to our person by diuerſe, as
especiallie we remember of one Wafies whyche hadde like
words to vs. And also ther was diuerſe of ſuch false people,
that went on as had like language in diuerſe of our townes
of our lande, which by our ſubiectes were taken and duely
executed: wherefore we ſente to diuerſe of our Courtes and
places, to hearken and to take hæde if any such manner co-
ming were, and if there had bin, for to reſift it: but comming
into our lande our true ſubieſte as you did, our intente was
not that you, noz leſſe of eſtate of our ſubiectes, noz none of
youre ſeruauntes thoughte not have bin letted noz; warned,
but in goodly wíſe receyued: howe be it that peraduenture
pour ſodaine comming, without certaine warnyng, cau-
ſed oure ſeruauntes to do as they dyd, considering the cau-
ſes aboue ſayde. And as to the endittement that you ſpoke
of, we thinke berily, and holde for certaine warning, cau-
ſed our ſeruaunts to doe as you epiſed, considering the cau-
ſes

Henrie the sixth.

ses aboue sayde. And as to the enditemente that yee spoke of, we thinke verelye and holde soz certaine, that there was none suche. And if ye mape truely proue that any person was thereaboutes, the matter shall be de- meaned as the case shall require, so that he shall know it is to our greate displeasure. Upon thys soz the eating of your hearte in all such matters, we declare, repute, and admitte you as our true and faythful subiecte, and as your faythfull Comyn.

P Leafe it your highnesse tenderly to consider, that greate murmur & grudging, is vniversally in this your realm, in that Justice is not duely ministrd to suche as trespasse & offende against your lawes, and in especial of them that be endited of treason, and other being openly noised of y same, whereby greate inconueniences haue fallen, and greate is like to fall hereafter in your sayde Realme, which God defende, but if by your highnesse prouission couenable be made soz due reformation and punishment in this behalfe. Wher- soze I your humble subiect & true leigeman, Richard Duke of Yorke, willing as effectually as I can, and desiring the suretie and prouisibility of your molte rovall person, and the welfare of thys your noble Realme, counsell and advertise your excellency soz the conversation of good tranquility and peaceable rule among all other subiectes, soz to odbain and prouide, that true justice be had, against all such that so bee endited, soz openly named, wherein I offer my selfe, and wil put my endeouer soz to execute youre commaundemente in the primitisses, soz the punishing of suche offendours, and redresse of the sayde misrules, to my might and power. And soz the hafftie execution hereof, like it your highnesse to ad- dresse these letters of pruie seale and wits to your officers and miniters, to doe, take, and arreft, all suche persons so noyse d and endited, of what estate, degree, or condition, soe- uer they be, and them to committe to the Tower of London and to other of your prisons, there to abpde without Waple or mayne pruise, until the time they be utterly trysted, and de- termined

Richard Duke of Yorke to K. Henrie againe.

670

Henrie the sixth.

terminated after the course of your lawes.

Aunfvere of
K.Henrie to the
Duke of Yorke

Dolin as touching your Bill last put vp to vs, we will derkande well that pæ of good harte, countayle and aduertice vs to setting vp of Justice, and to the speede punc thing of some persons endited or nopesed, offering your seruise to bee readie at commaundemente in the same, if the it is that for manye causes mouing vs to haue determined in our soule to kablische a sadde, and a subficiall countell, giuing them more ample authozitie and power than euer we did afoze this, in the whiche we have appointed you to be one, but if the it is not accuftomed sure, no erpedient, to take a conclusion and conduct by aduise or counsell of one Person by hymselfe for the conseruation, it is obserued that the greatest and the beste, the riche and the pome, in libertye, vertue, and effect, of your doptes be equall; we haue therefore determined wythin our selfe to fende for our Chauncellour of England, and for other Lords of our Counsel, yea and al other, fogither within that time ripelye to common these and other our greate matters, in the whiche communication, suche conclusion by the grace of God that be take, as that found to his pleasure, the Waleale of vs and our land, as well in these matters as in any other.

At length it was agréed by the King, that the Duke of Somerset Thoulde be committed to warde, there to abode and answere suche Articles as the Duke of Yorke would take against him, upon which promises so made by the King to the Duke, who faive that the people of Kent, and of other places, came not to him as they had promised, and that they were not strong enough, for the Kings part was much more than his, he brake vp his kelde on the firck of Marche, and yélded himselve to the King at Dertforde, where contrarie to promise before made, he founde the Duke of Somerset chiefe about the King. Then was the Duke of Yorke sent befoze to London and holden, partly as prisoner, and freighter Thoulde haue bene kepte, but it was nopesed that Sir Edward

Carle

Henrie the sixth.

Earle of March sonne to the sayde Duke of Torke was com-
ming towarde London with a strong power of Welchmen,
whych feared so the Quène and Counsell, that the Duke
was set at full libertie. And on the tenth of March the saide
Richarde Duke of Torke made his submission, and toke hys
othe to be true, kaphthfull, and obedient subiect to King Hen-
rie the sixth, King of England, in Saint Paules Church at Lon-
don, there being present the King and most of his nobilitye,
that is to say, the Dukes of Buckingham, Northampton, and
Somerset: the Earles of Warwicke, Arundale, Salisbury, Shrop-
shire, Deuonshire, Wiltshire, Northumberland, Stafford and Dor-
set: viconnts of Beaumount and Welles, Barons Fitz Warren,
Sainmounde, Cobham, Douglas, and others: Wispoppes, the
Cardinall, Archbyshoppe of Torke, and Canterbury, Winche-
fter, Ely, and London, in these words following.

I Richard Duke of Torke, confesse and beknowe that I
am and oughte to beè humble subiecte and liegeman to you
my soueraigne Lozde King Henrie the sixth, and owe
therefore to beare you Fapth and trueth, as to my sou-
eraigne liege Lozde, and shall doe all daves onto my lines
ende, £ shall not at any time w ll or affente that any thing
attempted or done againfte your moste noble person, but
where so euer I shall haue knowledge of anye suche
thing imagined or purposed, I shall with all spæde
and diligence possible to me, make that youre hynge-
nesse shall haue knowledge thereof. And ouer that,
doe all that shall be possible to me, to the withkanding
and lette thereof, to the uttermosse of my lyfe : I shall
not anye thing take vpon me againfte youre ropall e-
state or obeysaunce that is due thereto, nor suffer a-
nye other man to doe, as farre forthe as it chal be in my
power to let it: And also shall come at youre commaunde-
mente whenfoeuer I shall be called by the same, in hum-
ble and obeysaunte wife, but if it be lefted by anyticknelles
of impofence of my person, or by such other cause as chal bee
thonghte by you my soueraigne L D R D reasonable.

672

Henrie the sixth.

I shall neuer hereafter take upon me to gather any rookte,
no2 to make any assembly of your people, without your com-
maundement of2 licence, of2 in my lawfull defence, in inter-
pretation of2 declaration of the which my lawfull defence, I
thall repor2te me at all times to your highnesse, and if the
case require, to my pères, no2 any thing attempt againste
any of your subiects, of what effate, degrée, of2 condition, of
they be. But when soever I finde my selfe wuzonged and a-
gréeued, I chal sue humblye for2 remedie to your highnesse,
and procéde after the course of your lawes, and in none o2
therwise, sauing in mine owne lawfull defence in manner
aboue saide, and otherwise haue to your highnesse as an hú-
ble and true subiecte oughte to haue him to his soueraigne
Lozde. All these things aboue sayde I promise you truely to
obferue and keepe, by the holy Cuangelistes confayned in
the boke that I laye my hande here upon, and by the holye
Crosse I here touch, and by the blessed Sacrament of oure
Lozdes bodye, that I shall nowe with hys mercye receive.
And ouer I agrée me and wil, that if I any tyme hereafter,
as by the grace of our Lord God I neuer shall, any thyng
attempt by wape of feate of2 otherwyle againste your royall
Daiestie and obeysaunce that I owe thereto, of2 any thyng
take upon me otherwise than is aboue erp3essted, I from
that tyme forth be vnabled, helde and taken, as an vntrue
and openly soze2wozne man, and vnable to all manner of
worship, effate, and degrée, be it such as I now occuppe, of2
any other that might in any wife grow vnto me hereafter.
And this I haue here promised and swozne, procéedeth of
myne owne desire and frée volunte, and by no conſtrappnyng
of2 coaction. In witnesse of all the which things aboue wil-
ten, I Richarde Duke of Yorke above w2it subscribe, with
mine owne hand and seale.

This oth he also toke at Westminſter, and at Couentrey, at
ſundry times.

Anno.reg. 31

Sherifes. ?

Maior. §

Richard Lee: Richard Alley, the 28.of September.

Godfrey Filding Mercer, the 28.of October.

On

Henrie the sixth.

On the Twelfth day after Christmas, the King holding a
solempne keasse at Westminster, made his two dzetherne on
the mothers side Knights: he also made Edmunde the el-
der, Earle of Richemonde, and Iasper the yonger, Earle of
Penbrooke.

Robert Fabric.

1453

In the moneth of Marche (as witnesseth Gagwine,) was
the Towne of Harflewe wonne by the Frenchmen. And some
after the Citie of Bayons was giuen vppe by appointment,
that the Souldionres Thould leaue theyr armoure behinde
them.

The one and twentith of July John Talbot Earle of Shrewsbury wyth his Sonne Loode Litle, and Spz Edwarde Hull Knight, was claine besides Burdeaux: and the Loode Molins was taken prisoner, who was after deliuered soz a greate raunsome.

On Bartholmewe dave, at the Wrestling neare unto
Clarken well, a Gentleman belonging to the Dzioz of Saint
Iohns, made a rumour of tumulte, soz the whiche, by the
commaundement of the Daid, he was arreſhed by Richard
Alley, one of the Sheriles, and deliuered to Paris a Serge-
ant: but ſuche reſistance was made by partes taking, that
the Sherife was faine to craue help of the Daid, who with
his dzethien the Aldermen aroſe from the game, & klength-
ned the Sheriles, and soz the rescue of the ſaid Gentleman,
one named Calleis, came out of Saint Iohns with a greate
klength of Archers, to reſiſte the Daid, in the which kray,
a Peoman of Saint Iohns was claine, and many other soze
hurte: the Daid himſelſe eſcaped hardly, soz his Cap was
ſmitten from his head with an arrowe; but the Daid with
his Citizens putte the other to flight, ſente the principall of
them to Newgate, and then toke his place again til ſ games
were ended, by which time, the Citizens had gathered them
ſelues in greate nüber, and fetched him home, neuer Daid
ſo krongly, noz so honozably.

This yeare the King lay longſicke at Claringdon, ſ was
in greate daunger to haue ended his life.

Anno reg. 32.

Tuo.

The

674

Henrie the sixth.

The thirteenth day of October, the Quæne at Westminister was delivered of her first sonne, who was named Edwarde.

John Waldren: Thomas Cocke, the 28.of September.

John Norman Draper, the 28.of October.

Before this time the Maioz, Aldermen, and Commissors of the Cytie of London, were wonte all to ride to Westminister, when the Maioz should take his charge, but this Maioz was roived thetther by water: for the which the watermen made of hym a song, Rowe the boate Norman, &c.

The ninth of Marche in the nighe, was a greate fire nexte wypthout Ludgate, in a Cordwayners house, whiche Cordwayner wypth his wive, thazee yong men and a mayde were all burnte, the prisoners of Ludgate were remeued to Newgate, because they were almoste smouldered.

John Fielde: William Tayler, the 28.of September.

Stephen Felter Fishmonger, the 28.of October.

A greate Fray at London by the Sanctuarie men of Saint Martins le Graunde, who illued sozth and hurte dynerse Citizens, but it was appeased by the Maioz and his houz thzen.

The one and twentith of Pap king Hery taking his iza nap from Westminister toward Saint Albons, to mete with the Duke of Yorke, the Carles of Warwicke and Salisburie loded that nighe at Wateforde o2 Wadeforde, on this side Sainte Albons, and on the mornning earelp he came to Saint Albont, wypth hym assembled on his partye the Dukes of Somerset, and of Buckingham, the Carles of Penbroke, Northumberland, Denonshire, Stafforde, Dorfet, and Wiltshire, the Lotts, Clifforde, Sudley, Barons, and Roos, wypth dinerse Knights, Esquiers, Gentlemen, and Peomen, to the number of 2,000, and more. And at the same time were there assembled Richard Duke of Yorke, Richarde Carle of Warwicke, Richarde Carle of Salisburie, with dinerse Knightes and Esquiers in the

Sherifes. 2

Maior. 3

1454

An. reg. 35.

Sherifes. 2

Maior. 3

1455

Henrie the fixth.

the fielde called Keyfielde, beſide Saint Albons. The King hea-
ring of the dukes comming with the Lords aforesaid, pight
his banner in a place called Gofelowe, which place was some-
times called Sandforth in Saint Peters Kircte, & commaunded
in Krong manner to keepe the wardes and Barriers of the
ſame Towne. The Duke of Yorke knowing the ſtrength
made againſt him abyding in the fielde afoze ſayde, from
ſeuen of the clocke in the mozing untill it was almoſt ten
of the Clocke without any Kroke ſmitten on eyther parte,
by the aduife of hys Counſell, ſente vnto the King vnder
theſe woſdes following.

Wordes in writing by the Duke of Yorke
to the King.

P
lease it vnto your excellente grace, Richarde Duke
of Yorke, to take hym as your true liege manne and
humble ſubiecte, and to consider and tender at the re-
uerence of God, and in the way of Charitie, the true intent
of my comming, and to be good and gratious Soueraigne
vnto me, and all other your true liege menne, whych, that
with all their power and mighte will be readye to lyue and
dye with you in your right, and to do al things as that like
your Maiestie royal to commande vs, if it be to the worſhip
of the Crowne of England, and the welfare of this your noble
Realme. Mozeonuer, gratious Lozde, please it vnto youre
Maietſteyve Royall, of youre greate goodneſſe and righte-
wiseneſſe, to encline youre will to heare and ſeele the
rightwive parte of vs youre true Subiects and Liege men.
Fyrſtely, praying and beſeaching to oure Soueraigne,
Chrſitte Jefus, of hys hyghe aod mightye power, to
give the vertue of Pridence, and that throughe the
prayer of the glorions Marſtye Saint Albon gyue you
herpe knowledge of, oure trothes, and to knowe
the intent of our asſembling at this time: For God that
is in Heauen knoweth, oure intent is rightfull and true.
And thereforze we pzaſe vnto that mighty Lorde our
in theſe woſdes: Domine fis clypens defenſionis nostræ.

Au.ſy.

wher.

676

Henricethe fixth.

wherefore gracious Lord, please it your Maestie royal to
deliver such as we will accuse, and they to haue like as they
haue deserued. And this done, you to be honorably woz-
thipped as molle rightfull King and our true gouernour.
And if we shoulde nowe at this time be promised, as afoe
thys time is not unknown haue bin promises broken whi-
che haue bin full faithfully promised, and thereupon greate
othes twozne, we will not nowe cease soz no suche promi-
ses, noz othe, tyl we haue them which haue deserued death,
oz else we to dye therefoze.

The aunswere by the King to the Duke of Yorke.

King Henric charge and commande, that no manner
person of what degree, estate, or condition soever he be,
abpde not, but that they auoyde the field, and not be so har-
die to make restitucion against me in my owne realm. Foz
I shall knowe what traytour dare be so bolde to arife anpe
people in mine owne lande, where through I am in great
disease and heauynesse: by that Faith I owe unto Saint Ed-
warde, and onto the Crown of England, I shall dekthrop them
euery mothers son, and eke they to be hanged, drazwn, and
quartered, that may be taken afterward of them, in eram-
ple to make all suche traytours to beware, soz to make anye
rising of people within mine owne land, and so trayterous,
ly to abpde theyz king and gouernour. And soz a conclusion,
rather than they shall haue any Lord that here is with me
at this time, I shall this day soz their sake in this quarrell
mp selfe liue and dye.

The wordes of the Duke of Yorke to all Gentlemen and other
assembled with hym.

Jrs, the king our soueraign Lord wil not be resozen
at our beseeching ne prayer, noz wil not in no wife vn-
derstaid the intente wherfore we be here assebled & gathered
at this time, but only is in ful purpose to dekthrop us at,
and
therupon

Henrie the sixth.

there upon a great othe hath made, that there is none other
waye but that he with all his power will pursue vs, and if
we be taken to give vs a chamefull death, læsting our line,
lode and gods, and also our hevnes chamed for ever. Ther-
koze firs, now fith it will none otherwize be, but if we shall
utterly die, better it is to vs to die in the field, than colward,
ly to be put to an utter rebuke and chamefull death, for the
right of England Standeth in vs. Considering also in what
perill it Standeth at this time, and for to redzelle the mis-
chiefe thereof, let euery man helpe to his power this daye,
and in that quarrell to quite vs like men, to the crowne of
England, praping and beseeching vnto that Lord the which is
eternal, that raigneth in the glorious kingdome celestial,
to keepe and saue vs thys day in our right, and throughe the
giftes of his holy grace we may be made strong to withstand
the greate abhominable and horzible malice of them, that
purpose to deffroy vs and the realme of England, and put vs
to a chamefull death : prape we therefoze vnto that Lord to
be our comfozt and our defendour, praping these woizdes, Do-
mine fis clipeus defensionis nostri. And when these woizdes were
sayd, the Duke of Yorke, and the Earles of Warwicke and
Salisburie, with their hollé, betwene eleauen and twelue
at none bzeake in thazæ feueral places of the sayd Stréte.
The King the being in the place of Edmond Westby Hun-
dreder of the sayd Towne of Saint Albons, hearing of the
saide Dukes comming, commaunded his hollé to saye all
manner Lords, Knightes, Squiers, Gentlemen and yeo-
men, that might be taken on the party of the forzelayd Duke
of Yorke. Thys done, the Lozde Clifford kepte so strongly
the barriours of the same Towne, that the forzayd Duke
of Yorke might in no wize with all the power that hee hadde
enter, noz bzeake into the sayd Towne. The Earle of
Warwicke knowyng thereof, towke and gathered hys
menne togther wyth hym, and bzeake in by the Garden
side into the sayd Towne, betwene the signe of the
Repe, and the Exchequere in Holywel Stréte : and anone

as

Wu.iiy.

678

Henrie the sixth.

as they were within the flapde Towne they blew vppe the
Trumpet and crped with an high boycet a Warwicke, a War-
wicke, that maruaple it was to heare. And tyll that tyme the
Duke of Yorke might neuer haue entry into the Town, and
then with strong hande they brake vp the Barriers, and
soughte a fierce and cruell battaple, in the whiche were
flayne, Loirdes of name, Edmonde Duke of Somerset, the
Earle of Northumberlande, the Lozde Clifforde, sir Barton
Entewsell Knighte, William Souche, Iohn Botreaux,
Ralph Balithorpe and his sonne, William Coruin, Willá
Cotton recepuer of the Dutchie of Lancaster, Gilbert Fal-
dinger, Reignalde Griffin, Iohn Dawes, Ellis Wood, Iohn
Cythe, Robert Woodwarde, Gilbert Scarlocke, and Ralph
Willowby Esquires, a Gentleman of the Courte Roger
Mercraft the Quenues mellanger, Hawbin the Kings Poet,
ter, Malener Padington and William Butler Yeomen, and
sue and twentie moe, whose names were not knowne, and
of them that were slayne, bene burped at Saint Albons eighte
and fourtie persons. And at that battaple were wounded
Loirdes of name, the King was thotte into the netke wyth
an arrowe. The Duke of Buckingham, and the Lord Sud-
ley, in the bisages wyth arrowes, the Earle of Dorset was fa-
foze hurte that he might not goe, but was fayne to be car-
ried home in a carte, and Syr John Wenloke Knighte in
likewise hurt and carried from thence in a Chavie, and di-
uerse other Knightes and Esquiers soze hurt, and the fab-
 Faunce of the Lyings holle dispoyled of theyz harneis, at
their owne requeske, made deliuerye to the Dukes holle tos
sauation of theyz lines and fled. The Earle of Wiltshire, and
Thorpe, with many other fled, and cast away their harneis in
ditches and woods. This done, the Duke of Yorke, the Earles
of Warwicke and Salisbury, came onto the King where he
was, and besoughte hym on theyz knæs, of grace and for-
guenesse of that they had done in his presence, & besoughte
him of his highnesse to take the to grace, & as his true liege

mell

Henrie the fixth.

men. The king desired them to cease their people, that there
should be no more hurte done, and to obey hiss commaundemèt,
did cause to be proclaymed in the Kings name, that
all maner of people should be cease off theyp malice, and not
to smite one stroke more, and so ceased the battayle. And
upon the day nert after, the King and the Duke of Torke, the
Earles of Warwicke and Salisbury, came to London and were
lodged in the Bischoppes Pallaice of London, where they
kept theyp Whitfontide with great iope and solemnitye,
concluding there to holde a Parliament, the same to begin
on the ninth of July nert following.

This peare in the moneth of June appeared a comet oz
Carre, called Stella Cometa, betwirt the North and the East,
extending his beames towards the South.

In the Parliament begun the ninth of July as is afoze
saide, Richarde Duke of Torke was made p[ro]tection of the
realme. The Earle of Salisbury was made Lord Chauncellour
cellour of Englande, and Richarde Earle of Warwicke was
made Captaine of Caleis.

John Yong: Thomas Owlgraue, the 28. of September.

William Marrow Grocer, the 28. of October.

This peare by meanes of the Quène and the Lordes of
hir Counsell, the Duke of Torke was discharged of the p[ro]
tectionrship, and the Earle of Salisbury of the Chauncellour-
ship, and being called by p[ri]uie seale to Couentrie, they were
like to haue bene intrapped there, and hardly eſca-
ped.

In the moneth of Maye, an *Italians* seruaunte walkpyng
thonghie Cheape of London, wyth a dagger hangyng at his
gyrde, a Herchauntes seruaunt that before tymme had bin
in Italy and there blamed for wearing of the like weapon,
challenged the Straunger, howe he durst be so bolde to beare
weapon, consyering he was out of hiss native Countrey,
knowyng that in his Countrey no Straunger was suffe-
red to wear y like. To the which quettio such anſwere was
Au.iiij. made

Anno.reg.34

Sherifes. ?

Maior. 5

1456
Robert Fabian.

Henrie the sixth.

made by the kraunger, that the Mercer toke from him his
dagger and brake it upon his heade, whereupon the Fran-
ger complayned to the Maioz, who on the mozrow sent for
the pong man to y Gilde Hall: wherfore after his aunswere
made onto the complaynt, by agræmente of a full Courte
of Aldermé, he was sent to ward, and after the Court was
finished, the Maioz and Sherifes walking homewarde the-
roughe Cheape, were there mette by suche a number of Per-
cers feruauntes and other, that they mighte not palle, for
ought they coulde speake or doe, till they hadde delivered
the pong manne that before was by them sente to prie-
son. And the same dape in the afternone sodainely was al-
feembled a multitude of lewde and poze people of the City,
which without heade or guide ranne unto certaine Italian
houses, and especially to the Florentines, Lukesses and Veneti-
ans, and there toke and spopled what they founde, and dyd
great hurt in sundry places, but molle in foure houses cam-
ding in Breadstreete warde, whereof thys klowde in Saint Bar-
tholomewes Parishe the little, and one in the Parish of Saint
Benits Finke. The Maioz, Aldermen and wozchipful Com-
moners of the Citie, with all thepze diligence ressisted them
what they coulde, and sente diuerse of them to Newe-
gate: and fynallye, not wythout shedding of bloude and
mayming of diuerse Citizens, the rumour was appealed.
The pong manne beginner of all thys buttinelle, toke
Sanctuarie at Westminster, and not long after the Duke
of Buckingham with other noble menne were sente from
the Kyng into the Cytie, who there charged the Maioz
by vertue of a Commission, that inquirie thoulde be
made of thys rpot, and so called an Dyer determyner
at the Gilde Hall, where satte for Judges the Maioz, as
the Kyngs Lieuetenaunte, the Duke of Buckingham on
hys ryghte hande, the chiefe Justice on the lefte hande,
and manye other men of name, where whyle they were
enpanelyng thepze inquietes, the other Commons of
the Citie manye of them secretly putte them in armour,

and

Henry the fixth.

and ment to haue wrong the common bell, so to haue rapfed
the whole force of the Citie, and so to haue deliuered such
persons as before soz the robberie were committed to ward.
But this matter was discretely handled by the counsel and
labour of some discrete Commoners, which appeased their
neighbours in such case, that all this furie was quenched:
but when word was brought to the Duke of Buckingham,
that the commonaltie were in harnesse, he with the other
Lords took leaue of the Maioz and departed, and so cea-
sed the inquirie soz that day. Upon the morrow the Maioz
commanded the common counsell with the Wardens of
fellowships to appeare at the Guild Hall, where by the Re-
cozder in the Kings name and the Maiors, was commaun-
ded every Warden, that in the afternoone epther of them
should affeble his whole fellowship at their common Halles,
and there to give straight commaundement, that every ma-
sed the kings peace kept within the Citie. After which time
the Citizens were brought to such quietnesse, that after that
day, the enquirie was duly perused, and, iij. persons soz the
said spot put in execution and hanged at Tyborne, whereof
it were Sanctuary men of Saint Martins le graunde, the other
a Chipman, soz robbing of Anthony Mowricne and other
Lumbardes.

Anno reg. 35

John Steward: Raph Verney, the 28. of September,

Thomas Canings Grocer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Major.

In the moneth of November, in the Isle of Portland not
farre from the towne of Weymouthe was seene a Cocke com-
ming out of the Sea, having a great crest vp his head, and
a great red beard, and legges of halfe a yarde long: he stode
on the water and crewe. iij. times, and every time turned
him about, and beckened with his head, toward the South,
the South, and the West, and was of colour like a Fesaut,
and when he had crowed. iij. times he banishe d alwa y.

1457

Robert Fabian.

And so th�ly after were taken at Erithe within. xy. myles
of London, iij. great and wonderful Fishes, whereof one
was called Mors Marina, the second a Sworde Fishe, the other
Wu.h.
two

Henry the sixth.

two were Thales.

The.xrvbiy.day of Auguſt Peter Brice Steward of Normandie, with a ſlete of Frenchmen landed at Sandwiche, and with ſyze and word waſſed the Towne to almes, and ſlewe the inhabitauntes almoſt to the laſt man. Also Fowey in Devonshire was ſpoyled by Pirates in the moneth of Auguſt.

In this yeare was a great frap in the Northe Countrey betwene the Lozde Egremond and the Earle of Salisburies ſonnes, whereby many were mapmed and claine, but in the ende the Lozde Egremonde was taken, who was by the Kings Counſell found in great default, and therefore condemned in great ſummes of mony, to be payde to the Earle of Salisburie, and in the meane time committed to Newgate. Not long after this fir Thomas Percie Lozde Egremount, and fir Richard Percie his brother beyng prisoners in Newgate condemned in a great ſumme to the Earle of Salisburie as is aſoſe aid, brake out of prizon by night, and went to the King, the other prisoners toke the leades of the gate and defended it a long while againſt the Shriues and all their officers, in ſo much that they were ſoſed to call more apde of the Citizens, whereby they laſtly subdued them.

William Edwards: Thomas Reynier, the 28. of September.
Godfrey Boleyne Mercer, the 28. of October.

Maitler Reginald Pecocke Byſhop of Chichester, a ſecular Doctoz of Diuinitie, that had laboſed many pares to translate the holl Scripture into Engliſhe, was accused to haue paffed the bonds of Diuinitie and of Chriſtian belieſe in certaine Articles, of the which he was conuict before the Archbryhoppe of Caunterburie, and other Byſhoppes and Clerkes, and after utterly abuired, revoked, and renouncted those Articles openly at Paules Croſſe in his mother tongue on the fourth day of December, as followeth. In the name of the Trinitie, Father, Sonne, and holl Ghoſt, I Reynold Pecocke Byſhoppe of Chichester vnwozthie, of myne owne power and will without any manner coerſion

John Maior.

Roberts Fabian.

Regeſtcr of
Maior.

Anno reg. 36

Sherifes. >

Maior. >

Henry the sixth.

tion of dread, cofesse and knowledge that I here before this
time presuming of myne naturall witte, and preferring my
indgement and naturall reason before the newe and the
olde Testament, and the authority and determination of
our mother holy Church, haue helde, written & taught
otherwise than the holy Romane and Uniuersall Church
teacheth, preacheth, or obserueth. And one is against the
true Catholike and Apostles faith, I haue written, taught,
and published many and diuers perilous doctrines, books,
works and writings, containing Heresies and errors, con-
trarie to the layth Catholike, and determination of holye
Church: and especially these Heresies and errors follow-
ing, that is to say.

In primis quod non est de necessitate fidei credere quod dominus
noster Iesus Christus post mortem descendit ad inferos.

Item, quod non est de necessitate salutis credere in sanctorum communionem.

Item, quod Ecclesia vniverſalis poteſt errare in hijs que ſunt fides.

Item, quod non est de necessitate salutis credere & tenere illud
quod consilium generale & vniverſalis Ecclesia ſtatuit, approbat, ſeu
determinat, in ſauorem fidei, & ad salutem animarum, est ab vniver-
fis Christi fidelibus approbandum & tenendum.

Wherofze I miserable ſinner which here before long time
haue walked in darknesse, & now by the mercy and infinite
godnesse of God reduced into a right way, & light of truth,
& considering my ſelpe greenouſly haue finned and wickedly
haue inſormed & inſected the people of God, returne & come
againe to the authority of our mother holy Church, & all here-
ſies & errors written & conteined in my ſaid books, works &
writesings, here ſolemnly & openly reuoke & renounce, which
hereſies & errors & all other ſpices of hereſies I haue before
this time before you most Reuerſd father in God, and my good
Lord of Caunterbury in diuers and lawfull ſoame judicially
abuired, submitting my ſelpe, beyng then and also nowe at
this time berpe contrite and penitent ſinner, to the cozrec-
tion of the Church and of my ſayd Lozde of Caunterburie.

And

684

Henry the Sixt.

And ouer this, erhozing and requiring in the name and
vertue of almightie God, in the saluation of your Soules
and minde, that no man hereafter giue sayth and credence
to my sayd pernicious doctrines, heresies and errores, nev-
ther my sayd Wokes kæpe, holde, or reade in any wife, but
that they all such Wokes, wozkes, and wrizings suspect of
heresies, delpuer in all godly hait unto my sayde Loode of
Caunterburie, or to his Commissioners and Deputies, in eſ-
chewing of many inconueniences & great perils of Soules,
the which else might be cause of the contrary. And ouer this
declaration of my conversation and repentaunce, I here o,
penly affent, that my sayde Wokes, wozkes and wrizings,
for declaration and cause above rehearsed, be deputed unto
the fire, and openly bzent in enſample and terror of all o-
ther, etc. After this, he was depriued of his Bithopzicke, ha-
uing a certaine pencion alligned unto him for to lyue on in
an Abbey, and ſone after he dyed. His Wokes were inti-
muled:

1. Of Christian Religion, and a Booke perteyning thereunto.

2. Of Matrimonie.

3. Iust oppreſsing of holy Scripture, deuided into three
partes.

4. The Donet of Christian Religion.

5. The follower of the Donet.

6. The Booke of Faith.

7. The Booke filling the.4. Tables.

8. The Booke of Worſhipping.

9. The Prouoker of Christian men.

10. The Booke of Councell.

In the moneth of Januarie dyed the Earle of Deaton-
shire, in the Abbey of Abindon, popſoned (as men ſayd) being
there at that tyme with Duaine Margaret, to appeale the
malice betwene the vong Loode, whose fathers were Slaine
at Saint Albons, and they that helde with the Duke of Yorke.
A mæting was appoynd by the King to be at London, in
obeying

Henry the sixth.

obeying whose commaundement, the Duke of Yorke came
unto London on the xxbj. day of Januarie, and was lodged
at Baynards Castle, and alsoe him, so wit the.xbv.of Januarie
came the Earle of Salisburie, and was lodged at his place
called the Erber: short tip after came the Dukes of Somerset &
Excester, who were lodged without Temple Barre, lykewise
the Earle of Northumberland, the Lord Egremond: & the yong
Lord Clifford, were lodged in y Suburbes. And on the xiiij.
day of Febzuarie came the Earle of Warwike from Calleis
with a great band of men all arrayed in red Jaquets with
white ragged kaues oppon them, who was lodged at the
Grey Friers. And the.xbii.day of Marche the King & Quene
with a great retinue came to London, and were lodged in
the Bishop of Londons Pallace. And ye shall vnderstand,
that with these Lonzes came great companies of men, some
had. 600. some, 500. and the leaft had. 400. Wherefore the
Paioz had dayly in harnesse. 5000. Citizens and rode dayly
about the Citie and Suburbes of the same, to see the Kings
peace were kept, & nightly. 2000. men in harnesse, to gyue
attendance upon. iiij. Aldermen, which kept the night watch
tyll.xbii.of the clocke in the morning, that the day watches
were assembled, by reason whereof, good order and rule was
kept, and no man so hardie once to attempt the breaking of
the Kings peace. During this watch, a great Coñsell was
holden by the Lonzes, and a faygned agrément was made,
betwén the King, the Quene, and the Duke of Yorke with
his retinue: for top whereof the.xrb.day of Marche a gene-
rall Pzocession was made in Saint Paules Church at London,
where the King in Royall habite with his Diademe on his
head kept the kate, before whom went hand in hand y duke
of Somerset, the Earle of Salisburie, the Duke of Excester, the
Earle of Warwike, and so one of the one faction, & an other
of that other sozt. And behind the King, the Duke of Yorke
led the Quene with great familiaritie to all mens lighoes.

The.xiiij. of Apzil there was a great frape in Fletestreete,
betwene men of Courte and the inhabitantes of the same

Kreete,

The Queenes
attorney slaines.

1458

Henry the sixth.

Stræte, in which trap the Quænes Atturne was slaine. For
this face the King committed the principall gouvernours of
Furniuals, Clifforde and Barnardes Inne to prison in the Ca-
itle of Hertforde, and William Taylour, Alderman of that
warde, with many other, were sent to Windsor Castle the
by. of Map.

On Thursday in Whitson Wecke, the Duke of Somerset
with Anthonie Riuers and otheriiy, kept Justices before the
Quæne in the Towre of London agapnit threë Esquiers of
the Quænes. And in lyke manner at Greenewiche the Son-
day following.

On the Trinitie Monday or Monday following, certaine
Shippes appertayning to the Earle of Warwike, met with
a fleete of Spanyardes, and after long and cruell fygh toke
bj. of their Shippes laden with Pzon and other Marchan-
dies, dzowned and chased to the number of. rrbj. not
without shedding of bloud on both partes, for of the Eng-
lishmen were slayne an hundred, and many more wounded
and soze hurt.

Ralph Ioseline: Richard Medtham, the 28. of September,
Thomas Scot Draper, the 28. of October.

The King and Quæne beypg at Westminster the ir. day
of November fell a great debate betwicne Richard Earle of
Warwike and them of the Kings house, in so much that they
woulde have slayne the Earle: and onneth he escaped to
his Warge and went after to Calleis, for he was not long
before made Captaine thereof by authority of the Parlia-
ment. Some after, the young Duke of Somerset by stirring
of them that hated the Earle of Warwike, was made Cap-
tayne of Calleis, and a Priuie Seale directed to the Earle for
to discharge him of the Captapnehyp: but the Earle so,
as much as he was made by Parliament, he woulde
not obey the Priuie Seale, but continued for th in the say
office.

The Noble Science of Printing was about this time
founde in Germanie at Magunce by one John Cuthembergus

Iusting in the
Tovvire of
London.

The Earle of
V Varvrike
tooke Spanish
Ships.

Anno reg. 37
Sherifes.
Maior.

1459
Printing first
iuuente d.

Henry the sixth.

a knight: One Conradus an Almaine brought it into Rome: William Caxton of London Mercer brought it into England about the yeare a. 1471. And first practised the same in the Abbay of Saint Peter at Westminster, after which tymc it was likewple practised in the Abbayes of Saint Augustine at Caunterburie, Saint Albons, and other Monasteries of England,

In a lyttle Towne in Bedfordshire there fell a blondie rayne, wherof the red drops appeared in theeues the which a woman had hanged out so to dry.

Itraigned
bloud.

In this tymc the Realme of Englande was out of god order, as it had bene of long tymc: so the King beepng symple and pitifull, was ledde by couetous Counsell. The King grewe in debte daly, but payment was not made. All the postellions and Loldshippes that pertayned to the Crowne, the King had giuen some to Loldes and some to others, such as would begge them, so that himselfe had almost nothing left to lyue on, but such impositions as were put to the common people, as Tares, Wallages, Quinzimes, all which was spent in bayne, so he helde no houhold, no maintayned no warres, so which misgouvernaunce the heartes of the people were turned from them that had the Land in gouernaunce. The Quene with such as were of his affinitie, ruled the Realme as he lyked, gaithering riches innumerable. The Officers of the Realme, especially the Earle of Wilshire Treasurer of England, so to enrich himselve, pilled the poze people, & disherited rightfull heyzes, and did many wrongs. The Quene was defamed and sclaundered that the young Prince was not his sonne but a Balfard gotten in adulterie: wherefore the dreading that he shoulde not succede his father in the Crowne of Englande, allyed vnto him all the Knightes and Esquiers of Chestershire, so to haue they fanour: the helde open houholde among them, and made him sonne the Prince to giue a liuerie of Swannes to all the Gentlemen of the Countrey, and to many other through the land, truckling

688

Henry the sixth.

trusting through their strength to make his sonne King,
making private means to some of the Lozdes of England for
to stirre the King that he should resigne the Crowne to her
sonne, but he could not bring their purpose about.

An.reg.38.

The rri. day of September Richard Earle of Salisburie ha
uing gathered a well appoynted armie for dread of his ene
mies, especially of the Quene, take his way towards Lud-
lowe, where at that time the Duke of Yorke lay, to the intent
that they both together would haue rydden to the King to
Colʃull in Staffordshire, to haue excused them of certaine arti
cles layd against them by malice of their enemies as they
sapd. Whereupon those that were about the King, and also
the Quene, who lape at Eglisfall, moved him to assemble a
great powre, whereof lames Twichet Loode Audley was
made chiefe, and had the leading of them into the field cal
led Bloreheath neere onto Mackleſtone, by the which the sapde
Duke and the Earle must needs palle, & there both hoffes
mette and fought a mostall battaille, wherein the Lozd Aud-
ley was slaine with Hugh Venables of Kinderton, Thomas
Dutton of Dutton, Richard Mollynes, William Trowtbek,
Iohn Legh del Bothes, Iohn Donne of Vikunton, and Iohn
Edgerton of Edgerton Knightes, Richard Donne of Croton,
Iohn Duttes Esquiers, and many other of Chelverſaire, that
had receyued the Princes lintrie of Swarzes: and there
were take prisoners the Earle of Salisburie, sonnes Tho-
mas and Iohn, and fir Thomas Harington, which were sent
to Chester, but sonne after deliuered. After this discomſiture,
the Earle of Salisburie pasted forth to Duke Richard to Lud-
lowe, and thether came to them for Calleis the Earle of War-
nike, which all thée witt a letter unto King Henry, whereof
the tenure is this.

Bloreheath
fielde. in
Stafford
shire.

M Off Christian King, right high and mighty Prince, &
our most dread Soueraigne Lord, after as humble re
commendations to your high excellencie as will suffice. Our
true intent to the p[ro]speritie & augmentation of your high
eſtate, and to the commo Weale of this Realme, hath bene
the weſt

Henry the fixth.

Chewed vnto your highnesse in such writing as wée make
thereof. And over that an Indenture signed by our hands
in the Churche Cathedrall of Worcester, comprehending
y' prwse of the truth & duetie that (God knoweth) we beare
to your Saide effect, and to the pzeheimence and pzeroga-
tive thereof, we sent vnto your god Grace by the Prior of
the sayde Churche, and diuers other Doctozs, and among
other, by M. William Lynwood Doctoz of Diuinitie, which
minifred vnto vs feuerally the bleffed Sacrament of the
body of Jesus, whereboppon we and euery of vs deposed for
our sayde trueth and duetie, according to the tenor of the
sayde Indenture. And fifth that time we haue certified at
large in writing and by mouth, by Garter King of Armes,
not onely to your Saide highnesse, but also to the god & wor-
thie Lorzdes beyng about your moft Poble presence, the
largenesse of our sayde trueth and duetie, and our intent
and disposition, to serche all the motions that might serue
conveniently to the affirmation thereof, and to our perfect
suerties from suche inconuenient and vnreuerent ieopar-
dies as wée haue bæne put in diuers tymes here before.
Whereof we haue cause to make, and ought to make suche
erclamation and complaint, not without reason, as is not
unknowen to all the sayde worthie Lorzdes, and to all his
land, and wil offer us to your high presence, to the same in-
tent, if we myght so doe without sayd suertie, which onely
causeth us to kéepe suche fellowshippe as we doe in our
lëfull manner. And hereto we haue forbozne and auop-
ded all thinges that might serue to the effusion of Christi-
an bloud, of the dzeade that we haue of God, and of your
Royall Haietie: and haue also eschued to appzoche your
sayde moft Poble presence, for the humble obeysaunce and
reuerence wherein we haue, and during our lyfe will haue
the fame. And yet neuerthelesse we heare, that we be pro-
claimed and defamed in our name vnrightfully, vnlaw-
sfully, and sauing your high reverence, vntruely, and other-
wise (as God knoweth) than we haue giuen cause, know-
ing

Nk.
ing

690

Henry the sixth.

ing certainly, that the blessed and noble intent of your said
god grace, and the righteousness thereof is, to take, repute
and accept your true and lawfull subiectes, and that it ac-
cordeth neþer with your sayd intent, noz with your wyll
or pleasure, that we should be otherwife taken or reputed.
And over that, our Lord Chippes and tenantes bene of high
violence robbed and spoyled, against your peace and lawes,
and all righteousness. Wherefore, as we suffice, be-
sœche your sayde god Grace to take, repute, and receue
therebunto our sayde trueth and intent, which to God is
knowne, as we chewe it by the sayde tenor of the same
Indenture. And not apply your sayde blessednesse ne the
greatness of your goddesse and equity wherewith God hath eu-
endued your high nobilitie, to y impotence impacience and
violence of such persons as intende of extreme malice to
procéde under the shadowe of your high might and pze-
sence, to our destruïó, soz suche inordinate couetise (where
of God is not pleased) as they have to our Landes, Offices,
and goods, not letting or sparing therefóre, to put suche
things in all lamentable and twyrowfull ieoperdie, as
might in all wyse take effecte, by the mykterie of Gods
will and power, noz not having regarde to the effusion of
Christian bloud, ne any tendernesse to the noble bloud of
this Land, such as serve to the tuition and defence thereof,
ne not waping the lolté of your true liege men of your sayde
Realme, that God defend, which knoweth our intent, and
that we hane auoyded there from as farre as we may with
our fuerries, not of any dzeade that we hane of the sayde
persons, but onely of the dzeade of God ε of your said high-
nesse, and will not use our sayde defence until the time that
wee be prouoked of necessitie, whereof wee call heauen and
earth onto witnesse and record, and therein beseeche God
to be our Judge, and to delyuer us according to our sayde
intent, and our sayde trueth and duetie to your said high-
nesse and to the sayde Common Weale. Most Christian
King, right high and mightie Prince, and most dzeade So-
vereigne

Henry the sixth.

ueraigne Lozde, wée beſeche our bleſſed Lozde to prieſerue
your honour and eſtate in ioye and felicitie. Written at
Ludlowe the 30. day of October : R. Yorke, R. Warwike, R.
Salisburie. After their excufation contapned in this let-
ter ſent to the King, thep withdowe them, and went into
diuers parties beyond the Seas, for the more ſuerie of their
perſons. The Duke of Yorke went into Ireland, where he
was honozaſably receyued : the Earle of Marche, Salisburie,
and Warwike, not without great ieoperdie and perill, as
well on the lande as on the sea, went to Calleis, and abode
there.

Then was a Parliament holden at Couentrie, wherein
were attaſt of treaſon, Richard duke of Yorke, Edward Erle
of Marche his ſonne and heire, Richard Earle of Warwike,
Edmond Earle of Rutlande, Richard Earle of Salisburie, Iohn
Lozde Clifford, Lozde Clinton, fir Thomas Harington, fir
John Wenlocke, Thomas Neuill, John Neuill ſonnes of the
Earle of Salisburie, Iames Pickering, John Conyers, Thomas
Par, William Oldhall, and Henrie Ratforde Knightes, Iohn
Bowſer, Thomas Cooke, Iohn Clay, Richard Gyton, Ro-
bert Browne, Edward Bowſer, Thomas Vaughan, Iohn
Roger, Richard Grey, Walter, Deuorux, Walter Hopton,
Roger Kynderton, William Bowes, Foulke Stafford, the
Lozde Powys, and Alice Countelle of Salisburie, their goods
and poſſessions eschefed, and their heires diſherited vnto the
9. degree, their tenauntes ſpoſled of their goods, bemap-
med and flapne, the towne of Ludlowe longing to the Duke
of Yorke, was robbed to the bare walles, and the Dutches of
Yorke ſpoſled of hir goods.

The Earle of Warwike hauing a great Pauiie, hepte the
narrow seas, and fought with the Spanyards, kplled many of
them, toke their great vessels, with one Carrake of Iene, and
got in them great riches.

John Plummer: John Stocker, the 28. of September.

William Hulin Fishmonger, the 28. of October.

In this moneth of October, Henrie the yong duke of So-
rp. y.  
merſet

Parliament at
Couentrie.

Duke of Yorke
& other attain.

Ludlowe Spoyd
led.

Earle of VVatij
vvike fought
vvith the Spaniſ
ardes,

Sherifes.
Maior.

Henry the sixth.

merſet, Henry Loſde Roos, and Loſde Audley, with men of
Armes failed toward Calleis, to the intent the Duke should
haue bene Captaine there: but when he came to lande, they
of Calleis would haue taken him, so that he hardly escaped to
the Caffle of Gwines: his ſouldioſs were stripped out of their
harnette and let go. The Lord Audley was taken into Cal-
leis, and the Loſde Roos fled into Flaunders, and after returned
into England.

Pot long after, Richard Loſd Riuers was ſent to Sädwich
to keepe the towne and certaine great chips which lay there
at Anker, but when the Earle of Warwike ſawe time conue-
nient, he ſent some of his men to Sandwich by night, þ which
twoke the Loſde Riuers and Antonie Wooduile his ſonne in
their beds, & led them ouer to Calleis, with al the great chips
ſaue one called Grace de Dien, the which might not he had a-
way bicause he was bzoke in the bottome. Sir Baudwyne
Fulſord, bnderſtoke on paine of losing his head, þ he woulde
destrop þ Earle of Warwike, but when he had ſpent þ Ring a
thousand markes in monep, he returned againe. Then was
the Duke of Exceſter Admirall ſent to the Sea with a great
Paule ſoz to diſtresse the Earle of Warwike and his Paule,
he ſailing from Sandwiche to Dertmouth, ſoz lacke of viuals
and monep his ſhoudiours ſoz ſoke him there. And be-
twene Sandwiche and Dertmouth he met the Earle of War-
wike comming out of Ireland that had bin there ſoz to speake
with the Duke of Yorke, and bzought with him his mother
that was ſled thither ſoz dzead, and led hir to Calleis: but the
Duke of Exceſter durſt not ſet oppon the Earle of Warwike,
no, the Earle woulde not diſtresse him, because he was Ad-
mirall and of the Kings bloud, but let him paffe by.

In þ moneth of June, 500. men were ſent to conduct the
duke of Somerset from Gwynes into England, but abiding þ wind
in þ poxt of Sandwich, þ Earle of Warwike's men spoyled them
of their harnes, killed their captain Mouſford & many other.
The Earles at Calleis, ſent to the Archbishop of Caunterbury,
and at large to the commons of England certaine Articles in
writings.

Duke of Somerset
fled to
Gwynes.

The Lord Aud-
ley taken into
Calleis.

The lord Roos
fled into Flaun-
ders.

The Lord Ri-
uers and the
Lord VWood-
vile by force ca-
ried from Sand-
vicke.

1460

Sir Baudvin
Fulſord his en-
terprize.

The Duke of
Exceſter ſent
to the Seas.

Captaine Mout
Fort,flaing.

Henry the Sixtth.

Writing, beginning thus: Worshipful firsts, we the Duke of
Yorke, the Earles of March, Warwick, and Salisbury, sewed &
offered to haue come vnto the King our Soueraigne Lords
mofft noble preſence, to haue declared there alioze him for
our dutie to God & to his highnesse & to the p[ro]ſperitie and
welfare of his noble eſtate, and to the Common Weale of
all his Lande as true liege men, the matters following,
that is to ſay.

In primis the great oppreſſion, ertortion, robberie, mur-
ther and other violences done to Gods Church and to his
ministers thereof, against Gods and mans law.

2 Item, the p[ou]ertie & miserie that to our great heaui-
nesse our Soueraigne Lo[rd] Stadeth in, not hauing any liue-
lode of the Crowne of England whereof he may keepe his ho-
norable houſholde, which cauſeth the sp[o]ying of his ſayde
liege men by the takers of his ſayde houſholde, which lyue-
lode is in their hands that haue bene deſtroyers of his ſayd
eſtate, and of the ſayde common Weale.

3 Item, how his Lawes be partially and unrightfully
guided, and that by them that should moff loue and tender
his ſaid Lawes, the ſaid oppreſſion and ertortion is moff
fauozed and ſuppo[rt]ed, and generally, that al r[igh]teouſneſſe
and J[u]ſtice is eriled out of the ſayde land, and that no man
dreadeth to offend against the ſaid Lawes.

4 Item, that it will please his ſaide good Grace to line
upon his owne liuelode, whereupon his noble Pr[og]enitors
haue in daves heretoſoſe lyued as hono[ra]bly and as w[or]
thily as any Christian Pr[ince], and not to ſuffer the de-
kroyers of the ſayde land, and of his true ſubje[ct]es, to lyue-
therupon, and theretoſe to lacke the ſuſtenances that should
be belonging to his ſayd eſtate, and ſinde his ſayd houſhold
upon his po[ze] common[s], without payment, which ne[th]er
accon[θ]eth with God[s] no[]r man's lawe.

5 Item, how oft the ſaid common[s] haue bene greatly &
marvellously charged with tares & fallages to their great
emponer[ing], whereof little good hath eyther growne to

Xr. ity.

the

Articles ſent from
the Duke of
Yorke, and the
Earles, to the
Archbishop of
Caunterbury
and to the com-
mons.

X

€94

Henry the sixth.

the king oz to the said land, and of the most substance there's
of the King hath left to his part not half so much, and other
Lords and persons, enimies to the said common Weale,
have to their owne use, suffering all the old possestions that
the King had in Fraunce & Normandy, Anion & Maine, Gafcony
& Gwiene, won & gotten by his father of most noble memory,
& other his noble progenitors, to be shamefully lost oz sold.

6. Item, how they can not cease therwith, but now begin a new charge of imposition and tallages upon the said people, which never afore was seen, that is to say, every towne, ship to finde men for 3 Kings Card, taking ensample thereof, of our enimies & aduerfaries of Fraunce, which imposition and tallage, if it be continued to heire, heires, and successeors, will be the heaviest charge and workt enample that euer grewe in Englande, and the forcesayde subiectes, and the sayde heires & successeors, in such bondage as their auncetours were never charged with.

7. Item, where the King hath now no more liuclode out of his Realme of Englande, but onely the Lande of Ireland, and the towne of Calleis, and that no King Christened hath such a Lande and a Towne without his Realme, diners Lords have caused his highneste to write letters under his Prinie Seale, onto his Irishe enemies, which never King of Englande did heretofore, whereby they may have comfort to enter into the conquest of the sayde Lande, which letters the same Irishe enemies sent onto me the sayde Duke of Yorke, and maruelled greatly that any such letters should be to them sent, speaking therein great chame and billanie of the said Realme.

8. Item, in like wise the King by excitation and labour of the same Lords, wrote other letters to his enemies and aduerfaries in other lands, that in no wife they should have any favour oz good will to the towne of Calleis, whereby they had comfozte ynough to procéede to the winning thereof. Considered also, that it is ozdayned by the labour of the said Lords, that no where viciuall noz other thing of reference.

Ching.

Henry the sixth.

hing his defence should come out of Englande, to the succour
of his reliefe of the sayde towne, to the intent that they woulde
haue it loth, as it may openly appeare.

9. Item, it is deemed & ought greatly to be deemed, that after that the same Lords would put the same rule of England, if they might have their purpose and intent, into the hands and government of the sayd enemies.

10. Item, howe continually sthe the piteous, thamefull, and sozrowsfull murther to all Englande, of that noble, worthie, and Christian Prince Humfrey Duke of Gloester, the Kings true uncle, at Burie, it hath bene laboured, kudped, and conspired, to have destroyed and murthered the sayde Duke of Yorke, and the cause that it pleased God to sende me of the Royall bloud, and also of us the saide Carles of Warwike & Salisburie, for none other cause but for the true hart that God knoweth we euer have born, and beare to the profit of the Kings estate, to the Common Weale of the same Realme, and defence thereof.

11. Item, howe the Carles of Shrewsbury and Wilshire,
and the Lord Beaumont, our most tall and extrême ene-
myes nowe and of long time past, hauing the guiding a-
boute the most Poble person of our sayde Soueraigne
Loode, whose highnesse they have restrayed and kepte
from the libertie and frédome that beasoneth to his sayde
effate, and the supporters and favourers of all the p[re]emys
es, woulde not suffer the Kings sayde good grace to re-
cepue and accepte us, as he would have done if he might
have had his owne will, into his sayde p[re]esence, dreading
the charge that woulde have bene layde oppon them, of
the miserie, destruction, and wretchednesse of the sayde
Realme, whereof they be causes and not the King, which
is himselfe as noble, as vertuous, as rightuous and blessed
of disposition, as any Prince earthly.

12. Item, the Carles of Wilshire and Shrewsbury, and the
Loode Beaumont, not satp[er]yed no[ur] content with the
Kings p[os] settlements and his goods, stirred and excited his sayd

highness.

highness

695

Henry the sixth.

highnesse to holde his Parliament at Couentrie, where an
Axe is made by their prouocation and labour, agaynst
bs the sayde Duke of Yorke, my Sonnes Marche and Rut-
lande, and the Earles of Warwike and Salisburie, and the
Sonnes of the sayde Earle of Salisburie, and many other
Knightes and Esquiers, of diuers matters falsely and un-
truely imagined, as they will answer were afoze almighty God
in the day of Dome, the which the sayde Earles of Salisbu-
rie and Wilshire, and the Lozde Beaumont prouoked to be
made, to the intent of our destrucion and of our pittie,
and that they myght haue our lyuelode and gods, as
they haue openly robbed and dispoyled all our places
and our tenementes, and manpe other true men, and
nowe procède to hangyng and drazing of men by ty-
rannie, and will therein thewe the largenesse of their bio-
lence and malice as vengeably as they can, if no reme-
die be prouided at the Kings highnesse, whose blested
nesse is neither assenting nor knowing thereof.

We therefoze séypng all the sayde mischiefes, hearing
also that the Frenche King maketh in his lande great ab-
sembly of his people, which is greatly to be dzeade for
many causes, purpose yet agayne with Gods grace to of-
fer vs to come agayne to the sayde presence of our sayde
Soueraygne Lozde, to open and declare there unto hym
the mischiefes aboue declared, and in the name of the land
to lue, in as reuerent and lowely wive as we can, to his
sayde god Grace, to haue pittie and compassion vpon
his sayde true subiectes, and not to suffer the same mis-
chiefes to raygne vpon them. Requiring you in Gods
behalfe, and praying you in our owne, therein to affixt us,
doyng alway the duetie of liege men in our persons to our
sayd Soueraigne Lord, to his effate, pzerogatine, and pre-
heminence, and to the suertie of his most noble person,
whereunto we haue euer bene and will be as true as any of
his subiectes alive, wherof we call God, our Lady S. Marie,
and all the Saintes in heauen vnto witnesse and record.

10

Henrie the sixth.

697

In the meane time the Earle of Wilsbire treasurer of England, the Loode Scales and the Loode Hungerforde, went to Newberie, whiche longed to the Duke of Yorke, and there made inquisition of all them that in any wise had fauoured the fayde Duke, whereof some were founde guiltie, and were drawen, hanged, and quartered, and all the inhabitants of the Towne were spoyled of their goods. From thence the Earle of Wilsbire went to Southampton, where under colour to take the Earle of Warwicke, he armed hise gret Caraks of Iene with Souldiours, taking victuals of the Kings price without payment, and put a great part of hys treasure into the fayde Caraks, and after fayled about in the Sea, and at lafte fale into Dutchlande, sending backe againe hys Souldiours into Englande. Then were the Kings priuate scales directed to all Bishops, Abbots, Priours, and other States, to lende the Ryng monep, therewith to wage Souldiours to kæpe the Sea coafts: but the commons of Kertzeading the like benceance to be taken upon them, as was done upon them of Newberie, sent priuily meffangers to Caleis, to the foze fayde Carles, besæching them in all hafte possible to come to theye Succour, where upon the said Erles sent ouer into Kent the lood Fawconbridge to know if their dædes woulde accorde with theye Wordes, and anone the people of Kent and other thires adioyning, resorted to the fayde Loode Fawconbridge in greate number. When the Carles knewe the Iwpling heartes of those people, theye prepared to come into thys lande, againe whole coming, a long Ballet was fixed vp on the gates of Canterbury, made in favour of the Duke of Yorke and the fayde Carles, beginning thus: In the daye of fast and Spiriruall affliction, The celestiall influence of bodies tranſitorie, &c. The Erles of March, Warwick, and Salisburie, arrıuèd at Sandwich, where met wyth them Thomas Bourcher, Archebyshop of Canterbury, who with hys crosse bozne befoze him, and a greate number of other people, accompanped them to London, into the whiche Citie they entred on the Seconde of Julye: wyth

M.b.

them.

The Earle of Wilsbire and other Spoyled Nevvbery.

The Earle of Wilsbire stale ouer the Seas.

Privie scales for money.

The men of Kent sent to Galeis for the Carles.

The Earle entred into London.

698

Henric the fixth.

them came the Popes legate, to treate of peace if need were. Then was a conuocation of the Clergie holden in S. Paulles Church, where the sayde Carles being present, the Carle of Warwicke recited the cause of their comming into the lande, with the milgouernements thereof, and then made open othe upon the crosse of Canterbury, that they had euer boze true faith and alegiaunce to King Henry. Then the Carles of March and Warwicke, with the Lords Fauconbridge, Clin- ton, Borfer Pzitour of Saint Johns, Audley, Burgavennie, Say, and Scrope, the Archbyschop, the Popes legate, the Bishops of Excester, Ely, Salisbury, and Rochester, addreſſed the forth to the King at Northampton, leauing the Carle of Salisbury to be gouernour of the Citie in their absence. The Loode Scales and Hungerſorde, that before the comming of the Carles, were in the Citie of London, and would haue had the gouer- nance thereof, went to the Towze of London, and with them the Loodes Velly, Louel, Delaware, Kendale a Gascoigne: Knightes, fir Edmond Hampden, Thomas Brune Sherife of Kent, John Bruyn of Kent, Genuayes Clyfton treasurer of the King houſe, Thomas Tyrel, the Dutchelle of Exce- ſer, and many other. Then was the Tower of London beſieged both by water and lande, that no vactualles might come to them. And they that were within the Towze caſt wilde fire into the Citie, and chotte manpe small Gunnes, whereby they hzent and flew me, women, and children, in the straſts: also they of the Citie layde greate Gunnes on the further- side of the Thames againſt the Tower, and brake the Walls in diuerſe places. The King lying in the Friers at Northap- ton, ozdayned a strong and myghtie keſle in the Meddowes beſide the Punrie, hauing the riuer at his backe. The Carles with their powler comming to Northampton, ſent cev- taine Bishops to the King, beſeeching him to admit ſe Carle of Warwicke to come to his presence, to declare their inno- cencie, which request being denped by the Duke of Bucking- ham, the Carles ſent an Heralde of Armes, deſiring to haue hoffages for his safe comming and going, but he might not

be

Henrie the sixth.

be heard. The third time the Erle of Warwickessent worde to the King, that at two hours after none he would speake with him, or dye in his field. The Bishop of Hereford, a white Frier the kings Confessour, encouraged the kings parte to fight, wherfore after the battaple he was committed to the Cassetell of Warwicke, where he was long prisoner. The tenth of July at two of y'clocke after none, Carles of March of Warwickessent cryp through the field if no man should lay hand upon the King ne on any common people, but on the Lordes, Knights & Esquiers: then both hollers incountred & foughte halfe an houre, the Lord Grey that was the Kings baward bzeake the fielde and came to the Carles partie, and was a great helpe to them in obtayning the victorie: many on the kings side were slapt, & many if fled were drowmed in his riuer, Duke of Buckingham, the Erle of Shrewesburie, Lord Beaumont & the Lord Egremont were slain by his Kings tret, many Knights & Esquires: his kings ordinance of Cuns might not be shot, there was so gret rayne that day: When the field was done, the Carles had the victorie, they came to the King, he being in his tent, said in this wise: Now noble prince, displease you not though it haue pleased God of his grace to grant us the victorie of our mostal enemies, if which by their venemous malice haue untruly stirred & moued your highnesse to erile vs out of your land, would haue vs put to finall chame and confusion: we come not to intent for to inv quiete ne grieue your sayde highnesse, but for to please your noble person, desiring tenderly the high welcome & plesperitie therof, of al your realme, and to be your true liegemen while our liues shall endure. The King of these words was greatlie recomforted, & anone was led to Northampton with procession, where he resteth this dayes, & came to London the sixteenth of July, and was lodged in the Wychops Pallaice.

The ninteenth of July they that were in the Tower of London, for lacke of vicinalles þeelded and came forth, of the which afterward some were drawn and headed.

The

Henrie the sixth.

Sixth King of England and of Fraunce, and Lord of Ireland, on
one party, and the right high and mightie Prince Richard
Platagenet Duke of Yorke on that other party, upon certain
matters of variaunce moued betwixt them, and especially
upon the clayme and title vnto the Crownes of England and
of Fraunce, and Royall power, estate and dignitie appertay-
ning to the same, and Lordship of Irelande, opened, chelwed,
and declared, by the sayde Duke, alsoe all the Lordes SPI-
rituall and Temporall, being in this present Parliament.

First where the saide Richarde Duke of Yorke hath de-
clared and opened, as aboue is layde, title and clayme in
maner as followeth:

That the right noble and wozthy Prince, Henrie Lyng
of Englande the third, had issue and lawfullye got Edwarde
his first begotten Sonne, bozne at Westminster the 13. Ba-
lendes of July, in the yeare of our L ORD. 1229, and Edmond
his second Sonne, which was bozne on Saint Marcels day, the
peare 1200, the whiche Edwarde after the death of Lyng
Henrie hys Father, intituled and called Lyng Edwarde
the fircke, had issue, Edward his first begotten Sonne, called
after the deceafe of his Father, Lyng Edward the Seconde,
the whiche had issue, Edward the thirde: which Edward the
third had issue, Edward Prince of Wales: William of Hatfield
hys Seconde Sonne: Leonel the thirde, Duke of Clarence: Iohn
of Gaunt fourth, Duke of Lancaster: Edmond of Langley fifth,
Duke of Yorke: Thomas of Woodstocke the sixth, Duke of Glo-
cester: & W. of Windsor the Seuenth. The saide Edward Prince
of Wales, which dyed in the life time of hys Father, had issue
Richard, which succeeded Edwarde the thirde his Grandfere:
Richarde dyed without issue: William of Hatfield the Second
Sonne of Edwarde the thirde, dyed without issue: Leonel the
thirde Sonne of Edwarde the thirde, Duke of Clarence, hadde
issue Phillip his daughter and hepze, whych was coupled in
matrimony vnto Edmond Mortimer Earle of Marche,
and had issue Roger Mortimer Earle of Marche hyz Sonne
and hepze, which Roger had issue of Edmond erle of March,
Roger.

Roger

Henrie the sixth.

Roger Mortimer, Anne, and Elianor: which Edmonde, Roger and Alianor dyed without issue. And the sayde Anne coupezle in matrimony to Richard Carle of Cambridge, the sonne of Edmond of Langley, the fifth sonne of Henrie the third, and had issue Richard Plantagenet, commonly called Duke of Yorke: Iohn of Gaunt, the fourth son of Edward, the younger brother of the sayde Leonel, had issue Henrie Carle of Darby, whiche incontinent after that King Richard reigned the Crownes of the Realmes and Lordship of Ireland, unrighteously entred upon the same, then being alive Edmonde Mortimer Carle of Marche, sonne to Roger Mortimer Carle of March, sonne and hepze of the saide Phillippe, daughter and hepze of the sayde Leonel, the third sonne of the sayde King Edward the third, to the whiche Edmonde the right and title of the sayde Crownes and Lordship by lawe and custome belonged. To the whiche Richard Duke of Yorke, as sonne to Anne daughter to Roger Mortimer, Carle of March, sonne and hepze of the sayd Phillip, daughter and hepze of the sayde Leonell, the third sonne of Lyng Edwarde the third, the righte, title, dignitie, Royall, and estate of the Crownes of the Realmes of England and France, and the Lordchippe of Irelande, pertayneth and belongeth above anye issue of the saide John of Gaunt, the fourth sonne of the same King Edwarde. The sayde title notwithstanding and without preiudice of the sayde Richarde Duke of Yorke, tenderly desiring the wealth, reste, and plesperitie of his land, and to set apart all that might be trouble to the same, and conspdering the possession of the sayde Lyng Henrie the sixth, and that he hafte for his tyme bene named, taken, and reputed for Lyng of Englande and of France, and LORDE of Irelande, is contented, agitane, and consenteth, that hee bee hadde, reputed, and taken for Lyng of Englande and France, lyth the Royall estate, dignitie, and preheminence belonging thereunto, and Lordde of Irelande during hiss naturall lyfe.

And

Henrie the sixth.

And for that time, the Saide Duke without hurke or pre-
tudice of his Saide righte and title, shall take, wortlippe,
and honor him, for his Soueraigne Lozde.

Item, the Saide Richard Duke of Torke, shall promit and
binde him by his Solempne Othe, in maner and forme as so-
loweth

In the name of God Amen: J[ohn] Richard, Duke of Yorke,
promife and Swear by the faith and truth that I owe to Al-
mightie God, that J[ohn] shall neuer consent, procure, or kisse,
directly or indirectly, in priuie or aperte, nephter, (as much
as in me is) shall suffer to be done, consented, procured, or
kisse, any thing that may sound to the abridgement of the
natural life of J[ohn] Henry the sixth, or to y[or] hurt or dimin-
ition of his raigne or dignitie royal, by violence or anye o-
therwise, againste hisfreedome or libertie: but if anye per-
son or persons wold do or pzesume any thing to y[or] contrary,
J[ohn] shall with all my might & power withstande it, and make
it to be withswode, as farre as my power will stretche there-
therevnto, so helpe me in G[od] and his holie Cnange-
kites.

The othe of
Richard Duke
of Yorke.

Item, Edward Earle of March, and Edmund Earle of Rutlande, Sonnes of the Saide Duke of Yorke, shall make like othe.

Item, it is accozed, appointed, and agreed, that the Saide Richard Duke of Yorke, shall be called & reputed from hence forth very and rightfull heire to the crownes, roiall estate, dignitie and Lozchippe aboue Saide, and after the decease of the Saide King Henry, or when he will lay from him the Saide crownes, estate, dignitie, and Lozchippe, the Saide Duke and his heires shall immediately succeed to the Saide crownes, roial estate, dignitie and Lozchip.

Item, the Saide Richard Duke of Yorke, shall haue by au-
thoritie of this present Parliament, castels, manors, lands
and tenementes, wypth the wardes, marriages, reliefs, ser-
uices, fines, amercementes, offices, auowisions, fxes, and o-
ther appurtenaunces to them belonging, what soever
they

they

704

Henrie the sixth.

they be, to the yearely balewe of tenne thoufande markes
ouer al charges and repzises, whereof five thoufand markes
thall be to his owne rate, thzée thoufande five hundre
markes to Edward his first begotten Sonne Earle of March
foz his rate, and one thoufande pounde to Edmond Earle
of Rutland his Seconde Sonne, foz his yearely suffentation, in
suche considerations and suche intent as shall be declared
by the Lords of the Kings Counsell.

Item if any person or persons imagine or compasse the
death of the sayde Duke, and thereof p[ro]ably be affaynte,
of open de[ve]de done by folkes of other condition , that it be
dæmed and aduiged high treason.

Item, foz the moze establishing of the sayde accozde, it
is appointed and consented, that the Lo[rd]es spirituall and
Tempozall, being in thys present Parliament, that make
othes to accepte, take, wozship, and repute the said Richard
Duke of Yorke, and hys heires, as aboue is rehearsed, and
kéepe and obserue, and strength in as muche as apperteyn
neth vnto them, all the things abouesayd, and resist to their
power, all them that woulde p[re]sume the contrarie, accoz-
ding to their effates and degrés.

Item, the sayde Richard Duke of Yorke, Carles of March
and Rutland, shall permitte and make other to helpe, ayde,
and defende the sayde Lo[rd]es, and euery of them, against al
those that w[ill] quarrell, or any thing attempt against the
sayde Lo[rd]es or anye of them, by occasion of agræmente or
consenting to the sayde accozde, or affisaunce giuing to the
Duke and Carles or any of them.

Item, it is agræd and appointed, that this accozde, and
euery Article thereof, be opened and notifyed by the kings
letters patents, or otherwise, at such times and places and
in maner as it shall be thought expedient to the sayde Ry-
charde Duke of Yorke, with the aduise of the Lo[rd]es of the
Kings Counsel. The King vnderstandeth certainly, the
sayde title of the sayde Richarde Duke of Yorke, iuſt, law-
full, and sufficient, by the aduise and affent of the Lo[rd]es,
spiritual

Henrie the sixth.

spirituall and Tempozall, and the Commons in this Par-
liament assembled, by auchozitie of some Parliament
declareth, approueth, ratifyeth, confirmeth and accepteth
the sayd title, iuff, god, lawfull, and true, and therebnto
giueth his affent and agræmente of his free will and liber-
tie. And ouer that, by the sayd aduice and authozitie decla-
reth, entitleth, calleth, establisheth, affirmeth, and reputeth
the sayde Richarde Duke of Yorke, very true and rightfull
heire to the Cozones, Royal effate, and dignitie of realms
of England and of Fraunce, and of the Lordchip of Irelande a-
fozefaid, and that according to the wozhip and reverence that
therto begongeth, he be taken, accepted and reputed, in woz-
ship and reverence, by all the kates of the sayde Realme of
Englande, and of all hys subiectes thereof, saupng and
ozdayning by the same authozitie, the King to haue some
Cozones, Realme, royal effate, dignitie, and pzeheminence
of the same, and the sayde Lordchippe of Ireland during his
life naturall. And furthermore by the same aduice and au-
thozitie will, consenteth and agræth, that after his decease,
oz when it shall please his highnesse to laye from hym the
sayde Cozones, effate, dignitie, and Lordchippe, the sayde
Richarde Duke of Yorke and hys heyres, that immediatelye
succède him in the sayde Cozones, Royal effate, dignitie,
and wozhippe, and them then haue and iniope, any acte of
Parliament, Statute, oz ordinance, oz other thing to the con-
trarie made, oz interruption, oz discontinuaunce of possef-
sion notwithstanding. And mozeouer, by the saide aduise
and authozitie, establisheth, graunteth, confirmeth, appzo-
neth, ratifieth, and accepteth the said accozde, and al things
therein contayned, and therebnto freely and absolutely af-
senteth agræth, and by the same aduice and authozitie oz-
dayneth and establisheth, that if anye person oz persons p-
 imagine oz compasse the deathe of the sayde Duke, and pzo-
bably be attaynt of open dæde done by folkes of that con-
ditions, that it be deemed and adjudged highe Treason.

Py.

And

Henrie the sixth.

And furthermoze or dayneth and effabilitheth by the sayde
aduice and authozitie, that all statutes, ordinaunces and
acces of Parliament, made in the time of the said King He-
rie the fourth, by the whiche he and the heyzes of his bode
tonning of Henrie late King of England the fifth, the sonne
and hepze of the sayd King Henrie the fourth, and the heires
of King Henrie the fifth, were oz be inheritable to the faite
Crownes and Realmes, oz to the heritage of the same, by
adnulled, repelled, dampned, cancelled, boyde, and of none
effect.

And oner this, the King by the faide aduice, affent & au-
thozitie, or dayneth and effabilitheth, that all other acce and
statutes made afoze thys time by acte of Parliamente, not
repelled oz adnulled by like authozitie, or other wife boyde,
be in such force, effecte, and vertue, as they were afoze the
making of these ordinaunces, and that no letters paffents
ropall of record, noz acces Judicial, made oz done afoze this
tyme not repelled, reuerfed, ne otherwise boyde by lawe, be
prejudiced or hurte by this pefent ace. Also it was or day-
ned by the same Parliamente, that the sayde Richarde
Duke of Yorke, Thoulde be called Prince of Wales, Duke
of Cornewall, and Earle of Chester, and piatectour of Eng-
lande.

In the moneth of December, the Duke of Somerset and
the Earle of Devonshire, wente into the Pozthe Con-
trep with eighte hundered men, and anone after, the faide
Duke of Yorke, the Earle of Rutlande his Sonne, and the
Earles of Salisburie a little before Chzistmasse with a fole
persons wente into the Pozthe also foz to repzelle the ma-
lice of the Northerne men, the whiche loued not the Duke
of Yorke, ne the Earle of Salisburie, and were lodged at the
Caffell of Sandale, and at Wakefielde. Then the Lawe
Nevill, brother to the Earle of Westmerlande, under a co-
lour of Friendshippe, came to the Duke of Yorke, require
ring of hym a commission foz hym to rappe the people of