THE
WORKS
OF
JOSEPHUS.

With great diligence Revifed and Amended, according to the Excellent
French Tranflation
OF
Monsieur ARNAULD D'ANDILLY.

Alfo the Embaffy of
PHILO JUDÆUS,
TO THE EMPEROR
CAIUS CALIGULA.

Never Translated before.

With the References of the SCRIPTURE, A New Map of the HOLY LAND,
And divers Copper-Plates, serving to Illustrate the HISTORY.

Francisc. Patricius de Regno, Lib. II. Cap. 10.

Historiarum cognitio Regibus, Ducibus, Imperatoribus & omnibus Principibus perquam necessaria habenda est: quam Cicero appellat Teſtem Temporum, Vite Magiftram, veram Memorie & veritati Nunciam.

Bernardus, Epiſtola ad Suggerium.

Tunc recentia jucundius bona clareſcunt, cum fuerint malus comparata prioribat.

LONDON,
Printed for Abel Roper at the Sun againſt St. Dunflan's Church in Fleet-freet.
M. DC. LXXVI.

Imprimatur,

Decem. 7. 1675.

Geo. Hooper Rmo. Dno. Arch. Cant. à Sacr. Domes.

THE TABLE.

The TABLE of the CHAPTERS
IN THE
Emballie of PHILO

TO THE
Emperour CAIUS CALIGULA.

THE Preface of Philo upon the blindneſs of Man, and the incompreſſible grandeur of God. Pag. 828

CHAP. I. In what Incrediblenſicnty the People lived the first ſeven months in the Reign of Caius Caligula. Pag. 829

CHAP. II. The Emperour Caius having Reigned but ſeven Months, falls into a de- operate fit of ſickneſs : The marvellous affiliaſion that all the Provinces expreſſ for it; and their inexpreſſible joy for his recovery. Pag. 829

CHAP. III. Caius abandons himſelf to all kind of Debauery, and with vorible in- gratitude and dreadful cruelty conſtrains Tiberius, Grandon to the Emperour Tiberius, to kill himſelf. Pag. 830

CHAP. IV. Caius puts to death Macro Colonel of the Pretorian Guards, to whom he was obliged both for his Empire and Life. Pag. 831

CHAP. V. Caius puts to death Marcus Syllanus his Father in Law, because he gave him wife Counſil : And that Murder is followed by many others. Pag. 833

CHAP. VI. Caius requires to be reverenc'd as a Demi-God. Pag. 834

CHAP. VII. The folly of Caius increaſing, he requires to be worſtipped as a God; and imitates Mercury, Apollo, and Mars. Pag. 835

CHAP. VIII. Caius enraged againſt the Jews, becauſe they would not reverenc him as a Demi-god like other People. Pag. 837

CHAP. IX. The Inhabitants of Alexandria take advantage of the diſtresse of Caius to commit great cruelty and outrage upon the Jews. They deſtroy moſt part of their Oratories, and ſet up the Emperors Statues; though no ſuch thing had ever been attempted in the Reigns of Auguſtus or Tiberius. The Praisſes of Auguſtus. ibid.

CHAP. X. Caius being already incenſed againſt the Jews of Alexandria, is much ex- aſperated by the Calumnites of Helico formerly an Egyptian Slave, but now in great favour with the Emperour. Pag. 840

CHAP. XI. The Jews of Alexandria ſend Embaſſadors to Caius, to repreſent their grievances, of which number Philo was chief; Caius receives them kindly in appearance, but Philo judg'd very well that he was not to be trusted. Pag. 841

CHAP. XII. Philo and his Colleagues are inſormed that Caius bad ſent Orders to Petronius, Governour of Syria, to cauſe his Statue to be ſet up in the Temple of Jeruſalem, p. 842

CHAP. XIII. Petronius being ſenſible of the Injuſtice and ill Conſequences of it, is much troubled about the execution of that Order. Pag. 844

CHAP. XIV. Petronius Orders a Statue to be made, but very flowely : be endeavours to perſivade the Jews to admit it, but in vain. The Jews affemble from all places, unani- moſtly conjuring him againſt the Execution of that Order, and to give them leave to ſend Em- baſſadors to the Emperour. Pag. 845

CHAP. XV. Petronius affected with their Reaſons, and thinking it uſaſe to run them into deſpair writes to Caius on purpose to gain time. Caius is enraged, but diſſembles it in his Anſwer to Petronius. Pag. 846

CHAP. XVI. King Agrippa comes to Rome, and finding from Caius his own mouth his deſign of Evreſting his Statue in the Temple of Jeruſalem, He falls into ſainting fits being recollected, be writes to the Emperour, Pag. 848

CHAP. XVII. Caius relents upon Agrippa's Letter, writes to Petronius to alter nothing in the Temple, but repents immediately. He canſeth a Statue to be made privately in Rome, and ſent as privately to Jeruſalem, when he was to go to Alexandria; be continues his reſo- lution to be owned there as a God. His Injuſtice and Cruelty. Pag. 851

CHAP. XVIII. The Paffion wherewith Caius treated Philo and the reſt of the Em- baſſadors. Pag. 852

The Life of
FLAVIUS JOSEPHUS,

The Son of Matthias, Written by himself.

Orat much as I derive my Original, by a long feries of Anceftors, from the Sacerdotal Race, I may, with fome reafon, value my ſelf upon the Noblenefs of my Birth; ſince, as every Nation places the Grandeur of a Family in ſome certain marks of Honour that accompany it, ſo amongt us 'tis one of the moſt fignal to have the administration of Holy things. But I am not only defcended of the flock of the Prieſts; I am alio of the First of the Four and twenty Families of which it conſifts, and whoſe Dignity is eminent above

Josephus Life
engage.

the reſt. To which I may add, That, by my Mothers ſide, I reckon Kings amongſt my Anceſtors. For the Branch of the Ajmoreans, from whom the defcended, for a long time exerciſed both the High Prieſthood and Princely Power among our Nation. In this manner flands the order of the laſt of my Predeceſſors. My great Grandfaſth fathers Grandfather *Simon*, ſigname *Pellus*, the flutterer, lived at ſuch time as *Hir-camus* was High Prieſt; the firſt of that Name, and the Son of *Simon* the High Prieſt. This *Simon Pellus* had Nine Sons: the one of which was *Matthias*, ſigname *Aphias*. This *Matthias* took to Wife the Daughter of the High Prieſt *Jonathan*, by whom he had one Son, who was *Matthias*, ſigname *Curtus*, who was born in the firſt year of *Hir-camus*’s Prieſthood; *Matthias* begat *Joseph* in the Ninth year of Alexander’s Govern-ment; and of *Joseph* came *Matthias* in the Tenth year of the Reina of *Archelaus* 3, and *Matthias* begat me in the First year of the Empire of *Caius Caſar*, I likewise have 3 Three Sons, mine eldeſt is *Hir-camus*, who was born in the Fourth, my next *Jufus*, who was born in the Seventh 3 and *Agrippa* my laſt, who was born in the Ninth year of *Vespasianus* Empire. This Genealogy of mine do I in this manner propoſe, according as I have found it written in the Publick Regiſters, to the end to confound the Calumnies of my Enemies.

Josephus the Son of Matthias was born in the first year of the Caesarean Year, and the 4001 year of the world, and the 19th of the last Chilſt's birth.

My Father *Matthias* was considerable for his Extracſion, but more for his Jufſice and Authority in *Jeruſalem*, which is the Metropolis of our Countrie. My bringing up, during my tender years, was with *Matthias*, who was my Brother by the fame Faſher and Mother, with whom I happened in all kind of Science, having a good Memory, and a quick Apprehenſion: to that, being yet a Child of Fourteen years of Age, I was praſed by all Men in regard of the good Aſfection I had to Learning, and the Prieſts and Nobleft Citizens vouchſaſd to ask my Opinion of things that concerned our Laws and Ordinances. About the Age of Sixteen years, my defire was to have a ſearch and inſight into the ſeſts of our Nation, which are Three : The firſt of the Pharifees, which is the chieſeſt : The ſeſond of the saddnces : And the third of the Eſſeans. And this I did, to the end I might chooſe the better of the Three, when I underſood them all. For which cauſe, with great Auſterities and Labours, I paffed thorow them all: and not content with this Experience, after I had heard that a certain man called *Bamus* lived in the Defart, clothing himſelf with that which the Trees brought forth, and feeding on no other kind of meat; but what they freely yielded, and waſhing himſelf oftentimes by day and night in cold water to keepe himſelf chafeſt, I began to imitate his course of Life: and after I had lived with him for the ſpace of Three years, and ſatified my deſires, I returned to the City at the Age of Nineteen years.

Josephus from his infancy very audacious; and addſed to learning.

At this time I began to engage my ſelf in the exerciſe of a civil Life, following the ſeſt of the Pharifees, which very neerly reſembleth that ſeſt among the *Grecians*, who are called *Stoicks*. After I was Six and twenty years old, it was my fortune to repair to *Rome* upon this occaſion. Whileſt *Felix* governed *Judae*, certain Prieſts, my familiars, men of much honour, and more virtue, were, upon ſome flight, occaſion, bound and ſent to *Rome* by his commandment, to anſwer to what ſhould be objeſtied against them in *Caſar’s* prefence. Whereupon being deſirous to do them ſervicés, and having ſpecial intelligence, that the Torments wherewith they were Martyred, leſſed not their Piety, but that they lived contentedly on Figs and Nuts: for this cauſe I departed

for

Joseph a Pha-
tice.

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

B

["2", "THE LIFE OF JOSÉPHUS.", "Jesús de\nwreck.", "Jesús obte\nwith the Pri\nliberjes.\nThe Jem\nditions.", "Jesús decri\nthe Jew\nfrom fition\nis suſpected\nby hem of\ntres\nſon.", "The Jews are\nplaged both\nby langers\nand their own\nContreylem.", "The Jews con-\nfrained by ne-\ncesity to make\nWar.", "for *Rome*, and was encountered with many great and grievous hazards by Sea. For the\nhip, wherein I failed, was wrackt in the midd of the *Adriatic* Sea, and about Six\nhundred of us were for't to fwim all Night long, and at Day-break, by God's Provi-\ndence, a *Cynian* hip came in fight, and both I and certain others, to the number of\nFourcore, out-swimming the reſt, were taken up into it, and ſaved. After I had in\nthis fort eſcap'd, I came to *Dicarchia*, which the *Italians* call at this day *Pucols*, and\ngrew acquainted with *Aliturus* a Jew born, who was a Comedian, and in good repu-\ntation with *Nero*; by whole means infuating my ſelf into the Empereſs *Poppæ's*\nknowledge, I determined to beſeech her to procure the liberty of *thoſe Prieſes*\nwith all expedition, which the accordingly did; and being gratified likewife by her\nwith many great giſts, I returned into my Countrie. There I found the Commonwealth\nmuch diſquieted with Faſtions and Troubles, and divers too prone and ready to Re-\nbel, and withdraw their Allegiance from the *Romans*. I inſoned my ſelf to reſpre\nthe ſeditious, and exhorteth them to change their opinions, repreſenting, before their\neyes, the quality of *thoſe*, against whom they enterprized War, with whom they could\nneither compare in experience of War, nor in good Fortune: For this cauſe I adviſed\nthem, not to hazard the overthrow of ſ themselves, their Children, and their Countrie,\nby their raiſhels and rage. To this eſt effect I ſpake to them, and infantly intreated them\nto deſſil from their unhappy reſolution, for that I foreſaw the end of this War\nwould prove to our utter Ruine, but I prevailed nothing with them. The ſury of\ndeparte and diſſolute men prevailed above reaſon: for which cauſe ſearing left by\ncontinual inſorring of one thing, I thought to grow into hatred and ſuſpition amſong\nthem, as if I ſavoured their enemies, and they ſhould put me to death; ſeeing that\nthe Fort of *Antonia* was already ſealed upon by the ſeditious, I retired my ſelf into\nthe Sanctuary. From whence, after *Manadem*, and the chieſt Revolters were put to\ndeath, I came out again, and join'd my ſelf with the Priſes, and chieſt *Pharisees*;\nwho I found ſurpriz'd with great fear, when they ſaw the People in Arms, and un-\ncertain what to do, wanting the means to pacify theſe mutinies. But apparently per-\nceiving the danger, both I and the *Pharisees* ſeign'd their ſelves of their mind, and\ncounſelled them to contain ſ themselves in peace, and let the *Roman* Forces depart, in\nhope, that *Geffius* would, with all expedition, draw out great Forces, and chafteſe the\nPeace-breakers. But as ſoon as he arrived, and ſought with them, he was overcome,\nand a great number of his men ſlain; whereupon ſollow'd the utter ruine of our\nwhole Nation. Foruch as deſined the War, were puffed up with that Victory, and\nconceived auſſured hope that in the end they ſhould overcome the *Romans*. Besides,\nthis enſuing occasion preſented him ſelf: The Inhabitants of the Cities that border upon\n*Syria*, laid hands on thoſe Jews that dwelt among them, and ſlew them, with their\nWives and Children, without any juſt cauſe or crime committed by them. For they\nhad not conſpired any ways, or intended to revolte from the *Romans*, or to ſue any\nHojtility, or any ſecret Conſpiracy against any of thoſe, with whom they were con-\nverſant. But amongſt all the reſt, the Citizens of *Scytopolis*, exceeded all other in\nimpiety and wickedneſſ. For being beſieged by certain of the Jews, they inſoured\nthoſe Jews that inhabited amongſt them to take Arms, and fight againſt thoſe of their\nown Nation (which is expreſsly prohibited by our Laws) and having overcome, by\ntheir aſſiſance, they, by a deteſtable perſidienſeſ, ſorg't the obligation they had,\nthe faith which they had engag'd to them, and ſlew every one of them, to the number\nof many Thouſands. The like misfortune alſo ſell upon thoſe Jews that inhabited\n*Damafus*. But of this we have more amply ſoken in thoſe our Books, which we\nhave written of the Wars of the Jews: and at this preſent I make mention hereof,\nonely to ſignify to the Reader, that our Nation became engaged in War with the *Ro-\nmans*, not out of voluntary intent and purpofe, but in great part by neceſſity and con-\nfraint.", "After that *Geffius* was overcome (as is before declared) the chieſt men of *Jeru-\nfalem* perceiving that the Seditious were strongly armed and provided, they began to\nfear left if they ſhould be found diſarmed, they ſhould suddenly be overthrown by\ntheir enemies (as in effect it ſell out afterwards) and hearing that all *Galilee* was not\nas yet wholly revolted from the *Romans*; but that a part thereof as yet remained in\npeace, they ſent me with two other Priſes, *Joazan* and *Judas*, who were both virtuous\nand honourable men, to perſuade the mutinous to lay down their Arms, and to let them\nknow that it was more advantageous for the Nation, that ſuch Men as were in Autho-\n Authority and Reputation, should have the keeping thereof. The reſolution that was taken\nby them was, that they had them always ready upon all occafions, but that they expeſt-\ned until they were certified, what the *Romans* intended to do,", "With", "3", "THE LIFE OF JOSÉPHUS.", "A With this Commiſſion, and the like Inſtructions, I repaired into *Galilee*: where I found the *Sephorites* were ready to come to a Battel with the *Galileans*, for that theſe latter had the threat to ravage their Countrie, in regard of their league of friendliſt with the *Romans*, contraſed and ratified by *Senius Gallus*, Governor of *Syria*. But I delivered them from that fear, and appeaſed the Common people, by permitting them to ſend at all times when they pleafed, their Hoftages to *Geffius*, who lay at *Dora* a City of *Phœnicia*. I found likewife that the Inhabitants of *Tiberias* were already in Arms upon this occaſion: There were in that City three different Faſtions, the one of the Nobility, whoſe Chief was *Julius Capella*, to whom were joined *Herod* the Son of *Miarus*, *Herod* the Son of *Gamal*, and *Complus* the Son of *Compus*. For *Crifus* the Brother of *Compus*, who in times paſt had been made", "The danger of\nthe Sephe-\nriſt.", "Sedition in the\nCity of Tiber-\nias.\nThree Faſtions\nin the City of\nTiberias.", "Governor of the City for *Agrippa*, ſignamed the Great, was in his own poffeffons on the other ſide of *Jordan*. All theſe, I ſay, were of opinion to remain under the *Romans* au-\nthority, and to obey their King. But *Pifus* alone of the Nobility, would no ways ac-\ncord to this advice, by the perſuafion of his Son *Juſtus*. The ſecond Faſtion was of\nthe common ſort, who concluded upon War. *Juſtus*, Son of *Pifus*, who was the Ringlea-\nder of the third Faſtion, carried himſelf very doubtfully touching the War, yet no-\nwithſtanding he ſecreſtly thirſted after ſanation, hoping that by a change he ſhould\nencreafe his power. \" Prefenting himſelf therefore in the midſt of the multitude, he\n\" endeavoured to perſuade them that their City was always one of the chief of *Galilee*\n\" and that during the days of *Herod* the Tetrarch, who founded the fame, it was the\n\" chieſt City, whoſe pleafure it was that the City of *Sephoris* ſhould yield obedience to\n\" that of *Tiberias*. That they had not loſt that preheminence in the time of King *Agrippa*\n\" the Father, but had continued the fame, till *Felix* obtained the Government of *Judæa*.\n\" But for the preſent ſace they had been given by *Nero* to the younger *Agrippa*, they\n\" had fallen from and loſt their SuperiORITY. For the City of *Sephoris* obtained the Sove-\n\" reignty of *Galilee*, after that the acknowledged the *Roman* Government, which had re-\n\" moved the Treafure of the Charters and the Receipts of the Kings Money. By the\n\" words, and others of like nature against King *Agrippa*, he inſited the People to Rebel-\n\" liſting to them, \" That an opportunity invited them to take Arms, to the end\n\" that being alloſſed with the *Galileans*, they might recover the advantages which\n\" they had loſt unjuſtly. To which purpofe, all the Province would williſingly join with\n\" them, through the hatred they bare the *Sephorites*, on whom they would revenge\n\" the ſ themselves with great power, becauſe they continued in their Allegiance, which they\n\" promised to the *Romans*.", "The Oratiori\nof Pifus,\nthe Son\nof Pifus,\nto the multi-\ntude.", "C With this preſentation, I ſent the following preface to the ſecond Caſus, which I have made to the人民 of the land, and to the people of the land, and

["4", "THE LIFE OF JOSEPHUS.", "own poffefon, leituate near Gamala, he ſent for certain of his Subjects to repair unto him. But God, for Philip's greater good, croſed the ſope of his intent, which otherwise had been the ruine of many: for being ſurprized by a ſudden Fever, he committed certain Letters of his written to Agrippa and Bernice, who were yet but free, to one of his Freed-men, commanding him to deliver them to Varsus, who was put in trust, by the King and Queen, to administer the affairs of that Kingdom, whiſt they were gone to Eborth to meet with Gellius. Varsus receiving Philip's Letters, and underſtanding that he was eſt, was forſor for it, because he thought the King and Queen would have leſe ſife of him after Philip was arrived, He therefore made the people believe that this Freed-man was a Traytor, and brought them ſorg'd Letters, it being certain that Philip was in Jeruſalem with the ſe Jews that were revoluted againſt the Romans: and he commanded him to be executed, Philip being ignorant of the caufe why his Freed-man did not return, ſent another with Letters, to the intent he might diſcover what was become of his first Mefſenger, and for what caufe he ſayed ſo long. But Varsus acuſing his ſe confed Mefſenger also after the fame manner, commanded him to be executed, as he had done the firſt. The Syrians that inhabit Caſarea, had poffed him up, by telling him that Agrippa should be put to death by the Romans, for the Rebellion of the Jews, and that he who was Royally deſended, should poffels his Government. And indeed Varsus was of the Blood-Royal, deriving his Pedigree from Soheμus King of Libanus. For theſe cauſes, he retained Philip's Letters, hoping by theſe means that the King should have no knowledge thereof; and he ſet watch in every paffage, for fear left any man ſhouſe ſlie, and certiſe the King of what had happened; and to give the Syrians the better content who dwelt in Caſarea, he put divers of the ſe Jews that dwelt among them to death. He intended alio to undertake a War againſt the Jews of Bathanea, who were called Eabylonian Jews, by confederating himſelf with the Trachonites of Earthanæa. For which cauſe, ſending for twelve of the ſe Jews of moſt eſtimation amongst the Inhabitants of Caſarea, he enjoined them to repair to Ecbatane, and figure and toſe of their Nation there; that Varsus underſtanding that they pretended to take Arms againſt their King, and ſcarcely believing it, had ſent them thither, to perſuade them to lay down their Arms. And that this ſhould be a certain proof, by which they might perfectly clear their innoſcence, that ſeventy of the chieſe of them ſhould be ſent to him, Theſe twelve imagined in Ecbatane, and being entertained by thofe of their Nation, found that they neither imagined nor intended any commotion, for which cauſe, they perſuaded them to ſend their ſeventy men; which they did, little ſubſuping what would happen.", "As ſoon therefore as theſe, with the other twelve Ambaſſadors, came to Caſarea, Varsus having notice of their comings, met them on the way with the Kings Forces, and flew them, together with the aſreſaid Ambaſſadors, and took their way towards the ſe Jews of Ecbatano. But one of the ſeventy who had eſcaped, reſorted thither with all the expedition, preventing Varsus, and certified the reſt what had hapned, Whereupon, they incontinently fell to Arms, and with their Wives and Children retired themſelves to the Fort of Gamala, abandoning their Villages, with all their Goods, and great numbers of Cattel. When Philip had tidings hereof, he repaired alio to the Fort of Gamala. The people rejoicing at his coming, exhorted him to take the Sovereignty, and to make War againſt Varsus, and the Syrians of Caſarea. For they had intelligence that the King was ſhin. But Philip, to moderate their impetuosity, recounted to them what benefits the King had beſowed on them, and of what power the Romans were, againſt whom it was but a folly for them to take Arms; and in the end, he perſuaded them to Peace. In the mean time, the King underſtanding that Varsus was determined to kill all the ſe Jews that were in Caſarea, with their Wives and Children, all in one day, he ſent Equus Modius to ſucceſſ him, as it hath been, by us, declared in another place, and Philip kept the Fort of Gamala, and the Counſrey thereabouts, in their fidelity and loyalty to the Romans. As ſoon as I arrived in Galilee, and learned all occurrences that had hapned, by thofe who reported the fame to me, I preticularly ſignified the whole matter by Letters, to the Council at Jeruſalem, defining to know what their pleasure was I ſhould do. They gave me this anſwer, that I ſhould remain where I was, and retain my Colleagues that I had with me, if they thought good to take charge of Galilee. But they, after they had gathered great ſums of Money for the Tenths and Tithes that were due to them, reſolved with themſelves to return to their own houſes. But for that I entreated them to remain with me, till ſuch time as we had fetled affairs, and they willfully conſented unto me. I therefore departed with them to the City of Sephoris, and came into a Borough called Bethmanes, diſtant from Tiberias ſome four Furlongs, and from thence I ſent a Mefſenger to the Council of Tiberias, defining the chieſeſt among the people; to come and speak with me: They came, accompanied with Jufus 5, I ſold them, that I was ſent Ambaſſador", "Pam unjuſtly\nexecuteth him\ntherein,\nbroUGHT\nthe Leter.\nthe Pauſ's\ntyran-\nny in go\ning the Coun-\ntro.\nVaus feeth\nto concur his\npower and ty-\npany.", "Pam killed\nthe ſeventy\nJew with the\nAmbaſſador.\nThe ſent re-\ntire themſelves\ninto the For-\nt of Gume-\nla, and thither\nreſeeth Pli-\nlip alio.", "Gamala fill\nbithual to\nthe Romans.", "Gafyl, by the\ncommandment\nof the Con-\ncil, remained\nin Galilee.", "As ſoon therefore as theſe, with the other twelve Ambaſſadors, came to Caſarea, Varsus having notice of their comings, met them on the way with the Kings Forces, and flew them, together with the aſreſaid Ambaſſadors, and took their way towards the ſe Jews of Ecbatano. But one of the ſeventy who had eſcaped, reſorted thither with all the expedition, preventing Varsus, and certified the reſt what had hapned, Whereupon, they incontinently fell to Arms, and with their Wives and Children retired themſelves to the Fort of Gamala, abandoning their Villages, with all their Goods, and great numbers of Cattel. When Philip had tidings hereof, he repaired alio to the Fort of Gamala. The people rejoicing at his coming, exhorted him to take the Sovereignty, and to make War againſt Varsus, and the Syrians of Caſarea. For they had intelligence that the King was ſhin. But Philip, to moderate their impetuosity, recounted to them what benefits the King had beſowed on them, and of what power the Romans were, againſt whom it was but a folly for them to take Arms; and in the end, he perſuaded them to Peace. In the mean time, the King underſtanding that Varsus was determined to kill all the ſe Jews that were in Caſarea, with their Wives and Children, all in one day, he ſent Equus Modius to ſucceſſ him, as it hath been, by us, declared in another place, and Philip kept the Fort of Gamala, and the Counſrey thereabouts, in their fidelity and loyalty to the Romans. As ſoon as I arrived in Galilee, and learned all occurrences that had hapned, by thofe who reported the fame to me, I preticularly ſignified the whole matter by Letters, to the Council at Jeruſalem, defining to know what their pleasure was I ſhould do. They gave me this anſwer, that I ſhould remain where I was, and retain my Colleagues that I had with me, if they thought good to take charge of Galilee. But they, after they had gathered great ſums of Money for the Tenths and Tithes that were due to them, reſolved with themſelves to return to their own houſes. But for that I entreated them to remain with me, till ſuch time as we had fetled affairs, and they willfully conſented unto me. I therefore departed with them to the City of Sephoris, and came into a Borough called Bethmanes, diſtant from Tiberias ſome four Furlongs, and from thence I ſent a Mefſenger to the Council of Tiberias, defining the chieſeſt among the people; to come and speak with me: They came, accompanied with Jufus 5, I ſold them, that I was ſent Ambaſſador", "THE LIFE OF JOSEPHUS.", "5", "A. Baffador to them, with my Colleagues, by the Commonality of Jeruſalem, to perſuade them to deface that Palace that was erected by Hered the Tetrach, where-in divers figures of living Creatures were painted; for that our Law forbad ſuch things, and I exhort them to ſuffer us to fet about that execution as ſoon as poffible.", "B. Capella, and thofe of his patty, did for a long time ſeſute to conſent thereunto: but in the end, he preſſ'd them to much, that they conſeſded. Now whiſt we debated this matter, Jefus the Son of Saphise (of whom we have ſpoken heretofore; declaring howhe was the Chieſe of the Faſion of Sailers and poor men) took with him certain Galileans, and ſet fire on the Palace, in hope to get great Riches thereby (for that there were certain Roofs of the Houſe covered with Gold) and they pillag'd many things againſt our conſent. After we had thus conferred with Capella, and the chieſt Tiberians, we retired from Bethmanes into the higher Galilee. In the mean time, Jefus's Men flew all the Greeks that remained there, and all who before the War had been their Enemies. When which I was certified of, I was much iſpleated, and went down to Tiberias to ſecure the King's Moveables, for fear they ſhould be carried away by the Robbers: and having recovered divers Candlesticks of Corinthian work, rich Tables, and no (moll quantity of) maſſive Silver. I refolved with my ſelf to reſerve it to the King's life. Calling therefore ten of the chieſeſt Senators, and Capella, Son of Antilius, to me, I delivered the Veffels into their hands, charging them to deliver the fame to no Man but my ſelf.", "C. From thence, with mine Aſſociates, I went to John at Gifchala, to know what his mind and reſolution was, and I pretiſely diſcover'd, that he aſſected Innovation and Tyranny. For he deſir'd me to grant him liberty to Tranſport Caſar's Wheat that was floured up in the Villages of higher Galilee, telling me, that he would beſtow the price of the fame, in re-edifying and repairing the Walls of his City. But I perceiving his drift, deſired him that liberty. For I thought that that Wheat would either ſerve the Romans, or the Province, the care of which was committed to my hands by the City of Jeruſalem. When therefore he could get nothing at my hands, he addreſſed to my Companions, of whom not foreſeeing thofe Troubles that were likely to come, and greedy of Rewards, he obtained a liberty to diſpofe of all the Corn that was in the Province, in that my ſelf was unable to contradict them both. After this, John uſed another subjeſt: for he aſſaid that the ſe Jews, who inhabited Caſarea Philippi, by the Command of their King, reſtrain'd within their Walls,

["6", "THE LIFE OF JOSEPHUS.", "Joseph's bounds\nty towards his\nEnemies.\nThe Galileans\nfilth and love\ntogether\nfof Joseph.\nYea, deftles\nthat he might\nbathe himself\nin the hot\nbath of\nTiberias.", "John's Treas-\nfon.", "The people of\nTiberias came\nout; to meet\nJoseph.", "Joseph's ex-\nhorations to\nthe Tiberians.", "John fecketh\nto betray\nand murther\nJoseph.", "The Galileans\nrequire that\nthey may in-\nvade Tiberias.", "John exculpeth\nhimself from\nJoseph.", "endure to revenge my self on him, or any of the abovenamed People, as in the sequel\nof this story I will make manifest.", "For which cause Iuppofe, that God, who is the Tryer, and Searcher of hearts,\nboth delivered me at this time out of the hands of mine Enemies, and afterwards ma-\nny times from several dangers and misfortunes, as hereafter shall appear. But so great\nwas the fidelity and bencvolence of the common People of Galilee towards me, that\ntheir Cities being overthrown, and their Families led into Captivity, they were left\ntoucht with their own Calamities, than concern'd for my prefervation, Which when\nJohn perceived, he began to envy me. And he writ to me, that I would give him li-\ncence, for his health-fake, to bathe himself in the hot bathes of Tiberias: I fulpeing no\nTrefaon, willingly granted him that which he demanded. Moreover, I wrote to thofe,\nto whom I had committed the truft and administration of the City, to prepare him a\nLodging, and to furnifh him, and all his FAMILIES, with things neceffary for Diet and\nEntertainment. In the mean time, I paft my time in a certain Village of Galilee, cal-\nled Cana. But after that John came to Tiberias, he perfuaded the Townfmen to forget\ntheir faith and duty to me, and revolt unto him; many of them lent a willing ear to\nhis Entreaties, especially fuch as were prone to change, and defirous of diffention,\nand in particular Jufius, and his Father Piftus, willingly entertained this occafion to revolve\nfrom my obedience, and to fubmit themselves to John; yet was this Confpiracy of\ntheirs prevented by my fpeedy accufs. For a certain Meffenger came to me from Silas,\nwhom I had formerly preferred to the Government of Tiberias, who certified me of the\nCitizens intent, and exhorteth me in all haſte to repair thither, otherwife the City would\nshortly fall into another man's hands. As soon as I had perſuted Silas's Letters, I travel-\ned all night with Two hundred choſen Men; and fending a Meſſenger before me, to\nſighe my approach to the Citizens, neither loſt time nor way: and in the morning\nwhen I drew near the City, the People came out to meet me, and amongst the reſt,\nJohn; who, after he had faluted me with a fuffulous Countenance, fearing left his Trea-\nſon being discovered, he ſhould come in danger of his life, he ſpeedly retired himself\ninto his Lodging. When I came to the great Piaſza, and had diſſired all my Train\nbut one ſervant, and retained only Ten armed Soldiers with me, I began to repre-\nfent to the Tiberians, from a certain high place, from whence I might be heard, how\nimportant it was for them to remain faithful, ſince otherwife I could no lon-\nger truſt them, and they would one day repent that they had fallen from their\nduty.", "Scarcely had I spoken this, but one of my Friends advertised me to defend, tel-\nling me that this was no time to reconcile the Tiberians, or to perfuade them, but\nrather to feek mine own ſecurity, and how I might eſcape mine Enemies. That John\nhaving learned that I was deſtitute of Followers, had ſent a Thouſand of his choſen\nSoldiers to kill me; that they were at hand, and ready to commit the Murther;\nwhich they had done, had I not ſpeedly leapt down with the help of my ſervant Jo-\ncob, and Herod the Tiberian, who carried me to the Lake; where finding a Bark by\nchance, and putting forth to Sea, I eſcaped, contrary to mine Enemies expectation, and\ncame to Taricæas.", "As soon as the Inhabitants of that City underſood how perfidiously and trayte-\nrouly the Tiberians had dealt with me, they were much diſpleased, and betaking them-\nfelves to their Weapons, perfuaded me to lead them forth againſt them, telling me,\nthat they would revenge the injury that was offered unto their Governor, of which\nthey ſent advice thорow all Galilee. Hereupon, a great number of armed Galileans\ncame to me, and perfuaded me to attaque Tiberias, and deftroy it, and fell the Inha-\nbitants, with their whole Families, under the Spear. The like did my Friends,\nwho eſcaped with me out of the City, perfuade me. But I, in no ſort, would ad-\nmit their advice, out of fear to revive a Civil War, and judging it beſt to ac-\ncomode the matter. To which end, I ſhew'd them, that ſuch revenge would\nbe prejudicial to themſelves alſo, if the Romans, at their coming, ſhould find\nthem in Civil diſcords. By this diſcourſe, at length, the Galileans rage was ap-\npeafed.", "But when John ſaw that he had failed of his purpofe, he began to fear for him-\nſelf, and taking with him thofe armed Men that he had about him, he left Tiberias\nand went to Gifchala, from whence he wrote Letters to me, exculſing the Faſ, as if\nhe had been no ways guilty thereof, and defining me not to ſuſpeſh him; and he con-\nfirmed his words with execrable Oaths, to the end to get more credit to them. O\nBut the Galileans who were gathered in great multitudes from all parts of the Re-\ngion,", "7", "THE LIFE OF JOSEPHUS.", "A gion, knowing that he was a wicked and perfidious Man, pref'd me to lead them\nforth againſt him, promifing me to ruine both him, Gifchala, and all his Coun-\ntrey. After I gave them Thanks for their love towards me, and promifed them\nthat mine offices of love ſhould be anſwerable to their kindneſs. But I pray'd them\nto refuſe themſelves, and to allow me to appeafe this Trouble without effusion of\nBlood.", "This Requeſt of mine the Galileans granted: Whereupon we prefently went to\nSephoris. But the Townſmen, who were refolved to continue faithful towards the\nRoman people, fearing my approach, endeavoured to divert me elsewhere. To\nwhich purpofe, fending a Meſſenger to Jefus the Captain of eight hundred\nThieves, that kept upon the Confines of Ptolemaic, they promifed me a great\nSum of Money, if with his Army of eight hundred Men, he would make War\nagainſt me. He, allur'd by their promifes, reſolv'd to ſurprize me unawares: to\nwhich end, he defi'd me, by a Meſſenger, to grant him leave to come and falute\nme: which when he had obtained, for that I was wholly ignoriſt of his Trea-\nſon, he took with him a Troop of his Thieves, and haſted ſpeedily towards me:\nyet failed he of his purpofed Trefaon; for when he was not far off from me, a\ncertain Fugitive of his Troop diſcovered his intent towards me. Which when I\nheard, I went out into the Market-place, feigning that I knew nothing of his ſecre\nFraud, being attended with a multitude of armed Galileans, and among them with\ncertain Tiberians. I ſent abroad certain parties to guard the Highways, and com-\nmanded the Keepers of the Gates, that they ſhould only ſuffer Jefus to enter with\nthe foremost of his Company, and exclude the reſt: and if they attempted to break\nin by force, they ſhould beat them off. Jefus entering, with a few, was requir'd,\nby me, prefentely to lay down his Weapons, except he defi'd to be flain; he, ſee-\ning himſelf invironed with armed Souldiers, obeyed. Whereupon, they that fol-\nlow'd him, and were excluded, perceiving that their Captain was appreſſed,\nfuſsently betook themſelves to flight; and leading Jefus apart, I told him I was\nnot ignoriſt of thofe Trefaons which he intended againſt me, nor by whoſe pro-\nvocations he attempted the ſame. Yet I told him that I would pardon him, if ſo\nby changing his manners; he would be faithful to me hereafter. I promifed\nme all that I demanded, and I diſmiffed him with his Weapons: yet threatened to\npunifh the Sephorites, except hereafter they diſelved from their Trefaons: About the\nfame time there came to me two Noblemen, who were Subjeſts to the King of Tra-\nchonites, bringing with them both Horſemen, Armot, and Money: whom when the\nJews would have conftrain'd to be circumſcified, if ſo be they would remain amongst\nthem; I would not permit them to be troubleſome to the Trachonites, alluding,\nthat every Man ought to ſerve God according to his own mind, and not by other\nMens impulſion: and that it was not to be ſuffer'd, that they, who for his ſe-\ncurity fled unto us, ſhould repent themſelves of the truſt they put in us. And\nthus having perfuaded the multitude, I freely and abundantly furniſhed the Men\nwith all things neceſſary.", "Jefus Capitale\nof Thieves.", "B Jefus, Capitale\nof Thieves.\n\nJefus feeks to\nbetray Jefub.", "C Jefus feeks to\nbetray Jefub.\n\nJefus poll-\ntickly fup-\nther Jefus.", "Jefub poll-\ntickly fup-\nther Jefus.", "D Jefub's boum\noutwards to\nthe Tiberias.", "Jefub's boum\noutwards to\nthe Tiberias.", "E Jefub's care of\nReligion.\n\nJefub's care of\nReligion.\n\nEbtusias against\nJefub.", "Jefub's care of\nReligion.", "In the mean ſpace, Agrippta ſent out his Forces under the Conduct

["The *Tiberians*\nLetters to\nAgrippa,\nSeven adiaps\nmakeeth almost\na German\nmile;", "Sedition and\nRebellion in\nTiberias.", "Joseph in danger for the Tiberians fake.", "Joseph failed to Tibirias.", "Clym the Au-\nthor of the Se-\ndition in Tibe-\nrias.", "Clym cuts off\nhis own left\nhand.", "THE LIFE OF JOSEPHUS.", "10", "caufe they could not transport their own with them in their flight, I difmiffed them, defi- H\nring them to bear their present misfortune with a conftant mind. But indeed it troubled\nme, that I was only more forced to expone thofe men in the Enemies Country, who had\ncommitted themselves to my truſt: yet thinking, that if it should I fall out, that they\nfell into the *Romans* hands, they would be fafer, than if by ſuffering them to remain\nin my Country, they would fee oppreſſ: I aduanted them thus. Yet were they faſed,\nand the King pardon'd them. And this was the end of this Tumult.", "But they of *Tiberias* wrote to the King, defining him to fend a Garrifon into their\nCountry, on which condition they would ſubmit to him. As ſoon as I knew of it, I\nwent to them, and they defined me that I would build them thofe Walls which I had pro-\nmifed them: for they had already heard that *Tarichea* was invigorated with Walls. Where- I\nunto I condeſcended, and gathering Materials, I ſet the Workmen to their task. But ſome\nthree days after, departing from *Tiberias* toward *Tarichea*, which was thirty flades diſtant\nfrom thence, by chance a Troop of *Roman* Horſmen were ſcovered, not far from\nthe City, which the Inhabitants believ'd were the Kings Army: Whereupon they preſently\nbegan to utter many things in honour of the King, and in my reproach, And pre-\nſently a certain friend poſed to me, and told me what their mind was, and how they inten-\nded to revolt from me. Which when I underſood, I was wonderously troubled: For I had\nfent back my men of War from *Tarichea* to their houſes, becauſe the next day was the\nSabbath: for I would by no means, that the Citizens of *Tarichea* should be charged or\ntroubled with entertaining Soldiers. And at all times, when I remained in that City, I took\nno care of the guard of mine own perſon, having had often proof of the affection of the\nInhabitants towards me, Being therefore at that time attended only with ſeven Soldiers,\nand a few of my Friends, I knew not what to determine. For I thought it not fit to call back\nmy Forces, becauſe the day was well nigh palt; and although they should have been\nwith me the next morning, yet they might not have taken Arms becauſe our Laws forbid\nthe fame, how great foever the occafion be that is offered. And although I should have drawn\nforth the *Taricheas*, and the strangers that were retired thither, and under hope of prey,\nhave led them forth, yet I ſaw that they were too feeble to refit the enemy. On the other\nſide, I already perceived, that I ſtayed over-long, the Army which was ſent by the\nKing, being already entr'd the City, would have excluded me, I therefore determined to\nſte this ſtratagem 5: I preſently ſet a Guard at the gates of the City, confining of my moſt\ntruſy Friends, ſuffering no man to pafs out of them: and aflerleaving the chieſe of every\nFamily, I commanded them to lanch their Boats into the Lake, and to follow with the\nMafters of their flips. After which, both I and my Friends, and ſeven other Soldiers, be-\ntook us to a Bark, and failed toward *Tiberias*. But when the *Tiberians* law that no Forces\nwere come from the King, and that the whole Lake was covered with Barkſs, amaſed,\nand fearing the ruine of their City, for that they ſuppofed the flips to be full of Soldi-\ners, they changed their ſenſiments. And laying by their Weapons, themselves with their\nWives and Children came forth to meet me, and receiv'd me with joyful acclamations,\n(For that I thought I had not notice of their intents beſeech-ing me that for the ſafetät M\nof their City, I would enter the fame. But I drawing near the City, commanded the Ma-\nfers of the Barks to caſt Anchor far off the flote, the left the Townſmen might perceive\nthat the flips were empty: And I my ſelf drawing near with mine own Bark to them,\nreproached them, that, contrary to their Oaths, they had been ſo foolishly induced to re-\nvolt. After which, I promitted them pardon, if I ſo they would deliver me ten of their\nchieſeft Nobility: which when they had incontinently performed, I thipt them in a Bark,\nand ſent them Prifoners to *Tarichea*. Then I demanded ten more, and I continued to uſe\nthe fame artifice, till I had by little and little got all the Senate of *Tiberias*, and many of\nthe chieſeſt Citizens, and ſent them thither.", "At length, the reſt of the multitude, perceiv-ing in how great danger they were, they N\nbefouſe me that I would puniſh the chief Author of this Conſpiracy, who was called\n*Clymuse*, a bold and raſh young man, I was unreſolv'd what to do, being loth to kill one of\nmy own Nation, and yet it was expedient to puniſh him; wherefore I commanded *Le-\nviās*, one of my Guard, to ſeize on him, and cut off his hand, *Leviās* not daring for that\nhe was alone, to enter into ſo huge a multitude, I, for fear left his Cowardife should be dif-\ncovered by the *Tiberians*, called *Clym* unto me, and faid unto him:", "Ongrateful and perſidious man, as thou art, ſince thou deferſt to lobe both thy bands, I charge thee to become thine own Executioner, left through delay thou procure thy further puniſment. And whereas with many prayers he beſought me to grant him one of his hands, I hardly condeſſed. At length, of his own accord, for fear he ſhouſt loſe both, he took a Knife, O and cut off his left hand: and thus was this Tumult appeaſed.", "A", "THE LIFE OF JOSEPHUS.", "II", "C", "As ſoon as I returned to *Tarichea*, and the *Tiberians* underſtood what ſtratagem I had\nuſed with them, they were all amaſed, ſeeing how I had puniſhed their ingratitude and\ndifobedience without any bloodſhed. Afterwards I ſent for ſuch of the people of *Ti-\nberias* as were in Prifon, amongst whom was *Juſtus* and his father *Pifthus*, and invited them\nto ſup with me: and during the repaſſ, I told them that I was not ignoſant, that the\n*Rom*an Army excelled all Men of the world in power and force : notwithstanding, that I\nkept my ſelf ſilent, in the reſpect of the Seditious that were round about, and I coun-\nfelled them that they alſo would do the like in expeſtation of better days; and yet that\nin the mean time they would not think amſols of my Government, because no other could\ntreat them better. I reminded *Juſtus* alſo, that before I came from *Jerusalem*, the *Galil-\næo*ns had cut off his Brothers hands, accuſing him to have forſoned falſe Letters before the\n*War*, and that after *Philip's* departure, the *Gamelites*, being at odds with the *Babylonians*,\n*flavi Cares*, *Philip's* own Kiſſman*; whereas I had moderately puniſhed his King-in-law\n*Jefas*, who had married his Sifter. After this diſcourſe during ſupper time, I ſet *Juſtus*\nand his Friends, early in the Morning, at liberty. But before this came to pafs, it hapned\nthat *Philip* the Son of *Jacim* departed from the Fort of *Gamala* upon this occafion: As\nſoon as he underſtood that *Varus* was revolted from King *Agrippa*, and that *Modinus Equus*,\nwho was his Friend, was ſent to ſucceed him, he certified him of his eſtate by his Let-\nters: which when he had received, he highly rejoyced at *Philip's* ſafetät, and ſent thofe\nLetters to the King and Queen, who lived at *Berytus*. Whereupon the King underſtand-\ning the falſe rumor that ran touching *Philip*, that he was the Chieſtain of the *Jewes Army*,\nwho undertook the War againſt the *Romans* 3; ſent certain Horſemen to *Philip* to bring\nhim to his preſence: before he no ſooner arrived, but he embraced him very kind-\nly, and ſhewed him to the *Roman* Captains, telling them, that that was *Philip* of whom\nit was commonly reported, that he was in Rebell-ion againſt the *Romans*. After which,\nhe ſent him with a party of Horſemen, in all diligence to the Fort of *Gamala* 3; to draw\nhis hoſſuſh ſervants from thence, and re-eſtablilſh the *Babylonians* in *Batanea*, and travel,\nto his uttermoſt power, that the Subjeſts might be continued in obedience and peace,\nAfter *Philip* had received this commandment from the King, he haſted to perform the\nfame.", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "This Man, ſollicited by the interceſſion of his Friends, perfuſed the High Priſeſ *Ana-\nnus*, and *Jefus* the Son of *Gamala*, and other of his Fadion, to ſtop my increasing ſonors,\nbefore I attain'd to a higher degree of power. For it ſhould be very advantageous for\nthem alſo, if I were removed from the Government of *Galilée*. Further, he told *Ana-\nnus*, that they were not to delay the matter, left upon diſcovery of their coun-\nſel, I should attack the City with an Army. *Anaanus* the High Priſeſ replied, That it could\nnot eafily be done, for that divers Priſeſ and Governors of the People bare witneſſs for\nme,", "Joseph diſmiffi-\nſeth the Tiberi-\nians.\nPhilip the Soo\nof Jefus.", "Agrippa's\nkindneſts and\nhumanity, for\nwarde\nPhilip.", {"bbox": [1334, 479, 1389, 492], "category":