THE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
of the
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
presents
THE TWELFTH
INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

"FOREIGN POLICY
IN A
NUCLEAR AGE"

The twelfth annual Institute of International Affairs will be held during the first summer term, June 16 to July 18, 1958. Because of its repute the Institute not only draws students from all sections of the United States, but scholars, experts, and diplomats from around the world.

The program of the Institute of International Affairs is pointed toward three objectives.

1. Raising the level of public opinion on foreign policy problems.

2. Stimulation of better teaching of international relations.

3. Encouragement of research and the preparation of students for entrance into specialized programs of foreign service.

To attain these goals, the Committee on International Affairs maintains a year-round program of activities which includes inter-departmental majors in international affairs in the College of Arts & Sciences, a Master of Arts degree in International Affairs; special lectures, seminars, and convocation programs. A recent grant from the Carnegie Corporation has established 20 scholarships for interested teachers and students during the summer program, additional lectures, and an annual Winter Conference in International Affairs for Community Leaders.

## PAST PROGRAMS

Past Institutes have focused on the following themes:

1945 — Central-Eastern Europe

1946 — Pacific Affairs, Far East

1947 — Western Europe, Middle East

1948 — United Nations

1949 — United States Foreign Policy Problems

1950 — Problems of American Security

1951 — The Struggle for Men's Minds

1952 — Inside Russia

1955 — Revolutions of Our Time

1956 — Whither Asia?

1957 — Africa, Tomorrow's Continent

"When we heard spokesmen for the government propound the legal and moral platitudes which had passed for foreign policy in the interwar period, we thought that this was the way in which the government—as all governments must—tried to make the stark facts of foreign policy palatable to the people. They were—so it seemed to us—the tinsel in the show window making the merchandise on the counter attractive to the customer. We were mistaken. Those platitudes are the foreign policy of the United States. The counter is bare; that tinsel is all the store has to sell. Hence the alarm, the sadness, and the sorrow."—Hans J. Morgenthau.

## COURSES AVAILABLE IN THE INSTITUTE PROGRAM

### FIRST TERM, JUNE 16 - JULY 18

In each Institute program the development of the problem is concentrated in the CENTRAL COURSE (Int. Aff. S611). This is a lecture series with meetings 5 times per week for the full 5-weeks term. Foreign and American experts deliver the addresses. Student discussions and summary analyses accompany each week's deliberations. All sessions are open to the public without charge.

### COURSE SCHEDULE

#### FIRST TERM:

* International Affairs, S621, CENTRAL COURSE—"FOREIGN POLICY IN A NUCLEAR AGE." 1 credit. M-F 2:20. Guest lecturers and staff.

* Economics 615D. COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS. 2 credits. M-F 11:00. Mr. Kuhn.

* History 616F. EUROPE FROM THE FRENCH REVOLUTION TO THE PRESENT TIME. 3 credits. M-F 8:40; MWF 9:50. Mr. Hardy.

* History 827M. CONFERENCE COURSE IN EUROPEAN HISTORY. 1-3 credits. To be arranged. Mr. Larson.

* Philosophy 645D. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY. 2 credits. M-F 11:00. Mr. Crissman.

* Political Science 633D. CONDUCT OF AMERICAN FOREIGN RELATIONS. 2 credits. M-F 8:40. Mr. Bloomfield.

* Political Science 631D. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. 2 credits. M-F 1:10. Mr. Bloomfield.

The attention of all Institute students is called to the offerings in Modern Languages.

Although their governments are at odds, two foreign students meet in a friendly manner. Nadia Guindi, Egypt, left; John Ellerington, exchange student from Great Britain, right.

INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS MAJORS

General Survey courses on the 300 level which apply toward an under-
graduate major in international affairs are not listed below.* The Master
of Arts degree is offered under either Plan A or Plan B. Available to stu-
dents during various semesters are courses in international law, finance,
trade, organization, and government; United States, European, and Far
Eastern history and diplomacy; geography, sociology, philosophy and the
modern languages. In all, nearly 60 hours are offered on the graduate level
and considerably more on the undergraduate. Student inquiries should be
directed to the Chairman of the Institute.

*Graduate credit is not granted for courses below the 600 level.

For a complete listing of Summer School Course offerings for both
1st and 2nd terms, you are referred to the University of Wyoming Bulletin,
1958 Summer Catalogue.

Panel of International Relations students discussing affairs with
expert, Dr. Hu Shih, from China.

Panel members of the International Affairs Community Leaders Con-
ference. Left to right: Dr. Eugene N. Hardy, Dr. W. E. Kuhn, Dr.
Gale W. McGee, and Dr. Charles P. Beall, all members of the staff
at the University of Wyoming.

THE ANNUAL COMMUNITY LEADERS CONFERENCE ON
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

The financial grant from the Carnegie Corporation has made it possible to extend the program in international affairs by establishing an annual Community Leaders Conference during the academic year.

The purpose of such conference is to bring together leading citizens of the state and region to partake in panel discussions on topics of current international concern, and to hear leading authorities in various areas of international affairs. As a result of the first three conferences, community programs in international affairs have been developed throughout the state.

The third annual conference was held on the university campus on February 20-22, 1958. The International Affairs Committee provided for the expenses of 47 community leaders from throughout the state of Wyoming who were selected from the numerous applications received to give the conference the broadest geographical and organizational representation.

The theme of this year's conference was "Russia, A Time For Decision." The program included panels and addresses by Dr. Gale W. McGee, Dr. Charles P. Beall, Dr. Eugene N. Hardy, and Dr. W. E. Kuhn, all members of the University of Wyoming faculty.

Guest speaker at Community Leaders Conference, Governor Milward L. Simpson, Governor of Wyoming, and conferees attending the convention.

Round Table of African Experts

"The American strategic problem can be summed up in these propositions:

1. Thermonuclear war must be avoided, except as a last resort.

2. A power possessing thermonuclear weapons is not likely to accept unconditional surrender without employing them, and no nation is likely to risk thermonuclear destruction except to the extent that it believes its survival to be directly threatened.

3. It is the task of our diplomacy to make clear that we do not aim for unconditional surrender, to create a framework within which the question of national survival is not involved in every issue. But equally, we must leave no doubt about our determination to achieve intermediary objectives and to resist by force any Soviet military move.

4. Since diplomacy which is not related to a plausible employment of force is sterile, it must be the task of our military policy to develop a doctrine and a capability for the graduated employment of force.

5. Since a policy of limited war cannot be implemented except behind the shield of a capability for all-out war, we must retain a retaliatory force sufficiently powerful and well protected so that by no calculation can an aggressor discern any benefit in resorting to all-out war."

—Henry A. Kissinger

All inquiries should be directed to
CHAIRMAN, INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS
UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING
LARAMIE, WYOMING

CHARLES P. BEALL, POLITICAL SCIENCE
DIRECTOR, COMMUNITY LEADERS
CONFERENCE

W. E. KUHN, ECONOMICS
SECRETARY OF THE COMMITTEE

O. H. RECHARD, DEAN
COLLEGE OF ARTS & SCIENCES

J. R. SULLIVAN, BOARD OF TRUSTEES

GALE W. MCGEE, HISTORY
CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEE

THE UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING
LARAMIE, WYOMING

July 9, 1958

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

1945--CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE

1946--PACIFIC AFFAIRS, FAR EAST

1947--WESTERN EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST

1948--UNITED NATIONS

1949--UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY

1950--PROBLEM OF AMERICAN SECURITY

1951--THE STRUGGLE FOR MEN'S MINDS

1952--INSIDE RUSSIA

1955--REVOLUTIONS OF OUR TIME

1956--WHITHER ASIA

1957--AFRICA

1958--FOREIGN POLICY IN A NUCLEAR AGE

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Center for International Affairs
Harvard University
Cambridge 38, Massachusetts

Dear Henry:

This is a belated letter to thank you for your participation in our International Affairs Institute. Students in the program have been coming to me in the last couple of weeks expressing their enthusiasm for your series of lectures.

I trust that the letter I sent on arrived in time.

You are undoubtedly heavily occupied with your group of foreign leaders at the present time. I hope that you are now "driving" your staff as I "drove" you here. My apologies if we imposed too heavily upon you.

Again thanks for your participation in our program. Please give my best regards to Mrs. Kissinger. We trust that we may see you again in the not too distant future.

CPB:c

May 5, 1958

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

1945--CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE

1948--UNITED NATIONS

1952--INSIDE RUSSIA

1955--REVOLUTIONS OF OUR TIME

1956--WHITHER ASIA

1957--AFRICA

Mr. Henry A. Kissinger
Director of Special Studies
22 West 55th Street
New York 19, New York

Dear Mr. Kissinger:

Upon leaving town this afternoon, Dr. Gale W. McGee asked that I write to you confirming your room reservation during the Institute of International Affairs this summer.

The apartment he has secured for you is a very pleasant three room apartment, bedroom, kitchen-dinette, and bath, located directly across from the university cafeteria, 1216 Ivanson Avenue.

We are making the necessary arrangements and would appreciate it if you will let us know when you plan to arrive.

O. H. RECHARD, DEAN
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

Via Air Mail

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

1945--CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE

1948--UNITED NATIONS

1952--INSIDE RUSSIA

1955--REVOLUTIONS OF OUR TIME

1956--WHITHER ASIA?

1957--AFRICA

April 9, 1958

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
22 West 55th Street
New York, N. Y.

Dear Professor Kissinger:

We are planning on your arriving in time for the 2:00 P.M., Wednesday lecture, June 18. We will arrange accommodations for you and your wife either on the campus or nearby. Ordinarily we arrange for a comfortable room for a husband and wife. Should you desire something more commodious, please let me know. In regard to your meals, if you prefer to accept our hospitality for them then it would be necessary for you to take your meals at the University cafeteria.

In regard to your other commitments during your stay here, each Wednesday evening we have a public forum meeting during which the visiting expert is featured on an informal panel discussion. There are no speeches involved, just the give and take between the visitor and two other knowledgeable persons (usually from the campus). These would be your only specific commitments in addition to your daily lecture in discussion sessions.

We would hope that you would make something of a vacation of your stay with us, and we will do everything to assist you toward that goal. There will be ample opportunity to absorb the surrounding mountain atmosphere. If you prefer more extensive vacation activities while you are out this far, moreover, our recreation department can assist you in making whatever additional plans your time may permit (such as trips to Yellowstone, the Tetons, Central City, etc.).

Trusting that the comments above answer your questions, I remain,

GWM:pa

March 19, 1958

Mr. Gale W. McGee, Chairman
Institute of International Affairs
The University of Wyoming
Laramie, Wyoming

Dear Mr. McGee:

This is just a note about my visit to the
University in the period from June 18 - 28. I am
afraid you will think that I am continually raising
problems for you but my life this year has been so
incredibly hectic that I wanted to make one point
clear before coming. In lecturing at various insti-
tutions during the spring, I have found that even
though I have agreed to give only one lecture a day,
my schedule has been filled up to a degree that made
my visits extremely exhausting. I wanted to make sure
that the same thing does not happen at the University
of Wyoming. I will be glad to have a moderate amount
of outside contact, but I would like to keep it to
minimum proportions. Frankly, I had hoped that I could
combine my visit at Wyoming with a slight relaxation of
the pressure I have been under.

Also, I am bringing my wife, and I was wondering
whether the campus arrangements of which you spoke would
include accommodations for her.

With kind regards.

June 9, 1958

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

1945--CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE

1948--UNITED NATIONS

1952--INSIDE RUSSIA

1955--REVOLUTIONS OF OUR TIME

1956--WHITHER ASIA

1957--AFRICA

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Associate Director
Center for International Affairs
Harvard University
Cambridge 38, Massachusetts

Dear Dr. Kissinger:

Just a note to let you know that everything is in readiness for your appearance here June 18. When you arrive, I would suggest that you report to Dr. Charles Beall ("Mike" to us). He is in the Political Science Department and will be serving as Acting Director of the summer Institute.

Although I will be on a leave of absence during the summer, I will be in town often enough to get to see you. Looking forward to that occasion, I remain

GWM:c

December 2, 1957

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

1945--CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE

1948--UNITED NATIONS

1952--INSIDE RUSSIA

1955--REVOLUTIONS OF OUR TIME

1956--WHITHER ASIA

1957--AFRICA

Dr. Henry Kessinger
Associate Director
Center For International Affairs
Havard University
Cambridge, Massachusetts

Dear Professor Kessinger:

Late last spring friends of mine at the Council on Foreign Relations, George Franklin and Bill Diebold whom I came to admire very much while a research fellow at the Council a few years ago, alerted me to the nature of your project and were kind enough to supply me with an advanced copy of your recent book. As a result I have not only been excited by your fresh approach to questions of American Foreign Policy, but have also succeeded in selling the administration on devoting our 12th annual Institute of International Affairs to the question of "Foreign Policy in the Nuclear Age."

We would like very much to have you "star" in that production if your busy life will permit. We would have in mind one of two possibilities for you. (1) To accept appointment for the full five weeks term of the Institute during which time you would offer one regular academic class of your choosing; handle your specific week in the Central Course of the Institute; and appear on our informal panel discussions which are held once a week during the Institute. (2) Accept a one week appointment during which you would handle the Central Course lectures daily (one hour each) and participate on the panel for that week. For the five weeks stint we have been able to allow $1,000, sometimes slightly more to cover travel costs. For the one week stint we usually allow $500.

The 12th Institute will be held from June 16 to July 18, 1958. In attendance are students and teachers from throughout the United States. The Central Course will draw between 50 and 75, while the weekly panels attract several hundred persons.

We would hope that you would be able to bring your family and make something of a vacation out of it here in the Rocky Mountain West. As you know, we have a delightful summer climate, lots of scenery and endless recreational opportunities. Others who have been with us can testify to the activities here. In your area these would include such persons as Ruhl Bartlett at Fletcher, Sam Bemis at Yale, Hans Margenthau at Chicago, and Jim Perkins of the Carnegie Corporation.

A reply at your earliest convenience will be deeply appreciated.

P. S. You will find enclosed a couple of brochures from past Institutes which will give you a general idea of our procedure.

GWM:ap

January 9, 1957

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

Dear Mr. Kissinger:

Thank you for your letter of January 3, 1958 in which
you confirm in broad principles the terms of your appearance
here in connection with the 12th Institute of International Af-
fairs. Your delay in replying is fully understandable. In
fact, I look forward to the opportunity of examining the
national security report whenever it becomes available.

In regard to the details which you raised in your
letter, we can keep the dates flexible for a short interval of
time. You understand our side of this too, of course. We have
to pin down the dates for other lecturers and cannot do so un-
til yours are fixed. We have no objection, moreover, to your
arranging for five lectures and three discussion groups if that
if your preference. As for your commitments beginning on
Thursday, June 19, rather than Wednesday, we will not let that
stand in the way. Naturally our preference would be for
Wednesday inasmuch as this will require our seeking another
lecturer for just the one day. In addition, Wednesday evening
is our first public round-table discussion and we very much
hoped to launch it with you as one of the panel members. But
these are minor matters which we can easily adjust.

Will you please send me by return mail a glossy print
and a biographical sketch which can be used in our publicity
materials. If you have in mind now the general topics of your
materials I would appreciate having them as well. I fully
understand, however, that you may prefer to delay those selec-
tions. Since the first of our publicity materials has a
printers deadline of January 23, I am forced to press for some
of this material as soon as possible.

January 3, 1958

Dear Mr. McGee:

Forgive me for not replying before to your letter of December 18. We have been working here on a report on national security which took all my time.

In principle I shall be glad to accept your invitation, with two qualifications. If possible, I would like to keep the dates somewhat flexible for a little while longer because my life is extremely complicated at the moment. Then I wonder whether it would be possible to tighten up the schedule a little bit so that I would begin on Thursday rather than Wednesday. Finally, I would much prefer five lectures and three discussion groups. Discussion groups are much more fun and seem to me to accomplish much more.

I look forward to your reactions to these points.

With best wishes for the New Year,

Mr. Gale W. McGee
The University of Wyoming
Laramie, Wyoming

GALE W. MCGEE, CHAIRMAN

1945--CENTRAL EASTERN EUROPE

1948--UNITED NATIONS

1952--INSIDE RUSSIA

1955--REVOLUTIONS OF OUR TIME

1956--WHITHER ASIA?

1957--AFRICA

December 18, 1957

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
22 West 55th Street
New York, New York

Dear Professor Kissinger:

This letter is to confirm the substance of our
telephone conversation of a few minutes ago.

In order to meet the financial requirements of
your appearance here on the campus during our Institute of
International Affairs, we would be prepared to pay you
$1,000.00 for six lectures in the Central Course and two
discussion periods. We would schedule the lectures for
Wednesday and Thursday, June 18-19, with a discussion on
Friday, June 20; four lectures Monday through Thursday,
June 23-26, with a wind-up question-discussion period on
Friday, June 27. Your hospitality on the campus we would
also take care of (meals and lodging).

You will note that I have shifted the opening
day of your lectures from the 17th to the 18th. The reason
is that we can well devote the first day to getting the
mechanics of the course and other matters formally launched.
Obviously, you would not be expected to be present for
these details. Your ten days thus would include June 18
to June 27.

Any consideration which you can give to this
proposal will be deeply appreciated.

GWMc:d

January 3, 1958

Dear Mr. McGee:

of the

COLLEGE OF LIBERAL ARTS

UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING

presents

THE TENTH

"WHITHER ASIA"

The tenth annual Institute of International Affairs will be held during the second summer term, July 16 to August 17, 1956. Because of its repute the Institute not only draws students from all sections of the United States, but scholars, experts, and diplomats from around the world.

The program of the Institute of International Affairs is pointed toward three objectives:

To attain these goals, the Committee on International Affairs maintains a year-round program of activities which includes inter-departmental majors in international affairs in the College of Liberal Arts; a Master of Arts degree in International Affairs; special lectures, seminars, and convocation programs. A recent grant from the Carnegie Corporation has established 20 scholarships for interested teachers and students during the summer program, additional lectures, and an annual Winter Conference in International Affairs for Community Leaders.

## PAST PROGRAMS

Past Institutes have featured the following themes:

1945 — Central-Eastern Europe

1948 — United Nations

1950 — Problem of American Security

1952 — Inside Russia

## COURSES OF INSTRUCTION

General Survey courses on the 300 level which apply toward an undergraduate major in international affairs are not listed below with one exception. The Master of Arts degree is offered under either Plan A or Plan B. Available to students during various semesters are courses in international law, finance, trade, organization, and government; United States, European, and Far Eastern history and diplomacy; geography, sociology, philosophy and the modern languages. In all, nearly 60 hours are offered on the graduate level and considerably more on the undergraduate. Student inquiries should be directed to the Chairman of the Institute.

## COURSES AVAILABLE TO STUDENTS IN THE INSTITUTE PROGRAM

### SECOND TERM JULY 16 TO AUGUST 17

<table><tbody><tr><td>International Affairs S690. Central Course "Whither Asia"<br>M-F 2:20. (Guest lecturers and staff.)</td><td>1 hour</td></tr><tr><td>Economics 615D. Comparative Economic Systems.<br>M-F 11:00. Mr. Kuhn.</td><td>2 hours</td></tr><tr><td>*Geography 340D. World Geography.<br>M-F 9:50-10:50. Mr. Vance.<br>MWF 11:00. Mr. Vance.</td><td>3 hours</td></tr><tr><td>History 614G. The Foundations of Western Culture<br>M-F 11:00. Mr. Larson.</td><td>2 hours</td></tr><tr><td>History 646G. History of the Foreign Relations of the U. S.<br>Mr. O'Callaghan</td><td>2 hours</td></tr><tr><td>History majors may also receive History credit for the course<br>Political Science 623D (see Political Science offerings).</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Philosophy 645D. Social and Political Philosophy.<br>M-F 11:00. Mr. Crissman.</td><td>2 hours</td></tr><tr><td>*Political Science 522D. Government of the Soviet Union.<br>MWF 7:30. Mr. Beall.<br>M-F 11:30. Mr. Beall.</td><td>3 hours</td></tr><tr><td>Political Science 623D. Governments of Asia.<br>M-F 9:50. Mr. Buss.<br>MWF 11:00. Mr. Buss.</td><td>3 hours</td></tr><tr><td>Political Science 631D. International Relations.<br>M-F 1:10. Mr. Beall.</td><td>2 hours</td></tr></tbody></table>

For a complete listing of Summer School Course offerings for both 1st and 2nd terms, you are referred to the University of Wyoming Bulletin, 1956 Summer Catalog.

THE FIRST ANNUAL COMMUNITY LEADERS CONFERENCE
ON INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

The financial grant from the Carnegie Corporation has made it possible to extend our program of international affairs by establishing an annual Community Leaders Conference during the academic year.

The purpose of such a conference is to bring together leading citizens of the state and region to partake in panel discussions on topics of current international concern, and to hear leading authorities in various areas of international affairs. It is hoped that as a result of such conferences, community programs in international affairs can be developed throughout the state.

The first annual conference was held on the university campus on February 9th through the 11th, 1956. The International Affairs Committee provided for the expenses of 40 community leaders from throughout the state of Wyoming who were selected from the numerous applications received to give the conference the broadest geographical and organizational representation.

The Conference was about to open as this brochure went to the printers, however, the enthusiasm with which the announcement of the Community Leaders conference was received seems to warrant anticipation of its success.

PROGRAM

THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 9

Registration for Conference and housing — 4:30-5:30 p. m.

Dinner — 6:15 p. m. Knight Hall Banquet Room

Welcoming Address Governor Milward L. Simpson

University Play — "Our Town" — 8:15 p. m. Liberal Arts Auditorium (Conference members are invited as guests of the University International Affairs Committee).

FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 10

Morning Session — 9:15 a. m. - 11:30 a. m.
Address—"The World Community Is Your Community"—Dr. Charles P. Beall, Assistant Professor of Political Science and Chairman of the International Affairs Committee. Following this address setting forth the theme and purpose of the Conference, members will break up into two panel discussion groups (a brief outline of the discussion group program is attached).

Luncheon — 12:00 noon Knight Hall Banquet Room
Introduction of guests and announcements.

Afternoon Session — 1:30 p. m. - 4:00 p. m.
Address—"American Foreign Policy at the Crossroads", Dr. Gale W. McGee, Professor of History and Director of the Institute of International Affairs (on leave of absence from the University, 1955-56). Following this address there will be a continuation of the morning discussion groups.

Dinner — 6:30 p. m. Knight Hall Banquet Room

Evening Program — Address — "America's Responsibility for World Leadership" — Dr. Haridas T. Muzumdar, Professor of Sociology, Cornell College.

SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 11

Morning Session — 9:00 a. m. - 11:00 a. m.
Reports from group meetings in the form of a panel discussion.
Closing lecture by Dr. Gale McGee.

The Conference concludes with the morning session. An informal lunch will be served following the meeting for members of the Conference.

THE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS COMMITTEE
of the
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING

presents

THE ELEVENTH
INSTITUTE OF INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS

"AFRICA"
TOMORROW'S CONTINENT

The eleventh annual Institute of International Affairs will be held during the first summer term, June 10 to July 12, 1957. Because of its repute the Institute not only draws students from all sections of the United States, but scholars, experts, and diplomats from around the world.

PAST PROGRAMS

Past Institutes have focussed on the following themes:

1945 — Central-Eastern Europe

1948 — United Nations

1952 — Inside Russia

1956 — Whither Asia?

VISITING LECTURERS

**VERNON MCKAY**, Professor of African Studies, School of Advanced International Studies of the Johns Hopkins University. A.B. Baker University; M.A. Syracuse University; Ph.D. Cornell University. Professor McKay was formerly Taft Teaching Fellow in History, University of Cincinnati; studied at the Geneva School of International Studies, Switzerland; and was Research Associate on colonial problems, Foreign Policy Association. From 1948 to 1956 he was with the Department of State, resigning his post there as Deputy Director of the Office of Dependent Area Affairs to accept his present position last September. He has made four trips to Africa. Visiting Lecturer in the Central Course during the 5th week of the Institute, July 8-11. His lectures will focus on U.S. and U.N. policies toward Africa.

**PIUS OKIGBO**, Exchange Scholar from Nigeria. Ph.D., Northwestern University. Currently Professor Okigbo is a lecturer in economics at Northwestern University. From 1948 to 1952 he was Development Officer with the Government of Nigeria. Since then he has been Tutor in economics of underdeveloped areas, University College, Oxford, England and Research Associate with the University of Chicago. Visiting Lecturer on the economics of underdeveloped Africa. Dr. Okigbo will be on campus for the full five weeks of the Institute, teaching a course on African economics and lecturing in the Central Course during the second week of the Institute, June 17-21.

**WILLIAM O. BROWN**, Professor of Sociology and Director, African Research and Studies Program, Boston University. A.B. University of Texas; M. A. Southern Methodist University; Ph.D. University of Chicago. Professor Brown has taught at the University of Cincinnati, Howard University, Cornell University, and the University of Puerto Rico. From 1946 to 1953 he served with the Department of State first as Chief of Colonial Section, Division of International Labor, Social and Health Affairs, and later as Chief of African Branch, Division of Research Near East and Africa. During the war he was Chief, African Section, Research and Analysis Branch, of the O.S.S. Dr. Brown has done studies for the Foundation in both Europe and Africa, returning from his most recent African sojourn last December. Visiting Lecturer on Race Relations. He will lecture in the Central Course during the fourth week of the Institute, July 1-5.

MANFRED HALPERN. Special Assistant to the Chief, Division of Research for Near East, South Asia, and Africa, Department of State. A.B. University of California at Los Angeles, M.A. School of Advanced International Studies, Washington, D.C. Mr. Halpern joined the Department of State's Division of Research for Europe, 1948, becoming Coordinator of Special Projects, African Branch, 1950. In 1952 he received the Meritorius Service Award of the Department of State. In addition to his government service, he has served as Lecturer on Government and Politics in the Middle East at George Washington University; Lecturer on North Africa, School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins; and Lecturer at the Foreign Service Institute and Strategic Intelligence School. He will lecture in the Central Course on North Africa during the opening week of the Institute, June 11-14.

### FIRST TERM, JUNE 10-JULY 12

### COURSE SCHEDULES

- International Affairs, S 611. Central Course "Africa: Tomorrow's Continent" 1 hr. M-F 2:20, McGee and guest lecturers.

- International Affairs, S 601. The Economics of Underdevoleped Africa. 2 hrs., M-F, 11:00, Mr. Okigbo.

- Economics 685 G. Foreign Trade and Finance. 3 hrs., MWF 7:30, Mr. Kuhn., M-F 8:40.

- History 616 F. Europe from the French Revolution to the Present Time. 3 hrs., M-F 8:40; MWF 9:50. Mr. Hardy.

- History 827 M. Conference Course in European History. 1-3 hrs. Time to be arranged. Mr. Larson.

- Philosophy 645 D. Social and Political Philosophy. 2 hrs., M-F 11:00. Mr. Crissman.

- Political Science 529 D. Survey of Latin America, Mr. Bloomfield. MWF 7:30, M-F 8:40, 3 hrs.

- Political Science 631D. International Rel., Mr. Bloomfield, M-F 1:10. 2 hrs. The attention of all Institute students is called to the offerings in Modern Languages.

### SECOND TERM, JULY 15-AUGUST 16.

Although the Institute of International Affairs is not in session the second term, several courses will be offered of interest to students staying on the full summer. History 616G. Europe from the French Revolution to the Present Time. 3 hrs., M-F 8:40, MWF 9:50. Mr. Hardy.

- History 646G. History U.S. Foreign Relations. 2 hrs. M-F 11. Mr. Cathey.

- Political Science 633D. Conduct of American Foreign Relations. Mr. Bloomfield. 2 hrs., M-F 8:40.

- Political Science 666D. Amer. Pol. Theory. Mr. Wade. 2 hrs., M-F, 7:30.

CHARLES P. BEALL, Director, Community Leaders Con-
ference of the Institute of International Affairs. Ph.D.,
University of Indiana; Assistant Professor of Political
Science, University of Wyoming. Diploma, University
of Stockholm, Sweden, 1948-49; Instructor, Indiana Uni-
versity, 1950-52. Naval Intelligence Unit, Burma, India,
China, 1944-45; Professor Beall will lead a Study tour to
Russia during the summer of 1957.

The purpose of such conferences is to bring together leading citizens of the state and region to partake in panel discussions on topics of current international concern, and to hear leading authorities in various areas of international affairs. As a result of the first two conferences, community programs in international affairs have been developed throughout the state.

The second annual conference was held on the university campus on February 14-16, 1957. The International Affairs Committee provided for the expenses of 40 community leaders from throughout the state of Wyoming who were selected from the numerous applications received to give the conference the broadest geographical and organizational representation.

The theme of this year's conference was "Eastern Europe to the Middle East — A Study in Nationalism." The program included panels and addresses by members of the University faculty, small discussion group meetings, and two addresses by John Scott of Time Magazine, Inc.

Registering for the Second Annual Community Leader's Conference are these representatives from Civic organizations and educational groups in Wyoming.

Informal discussions between Institute students and faculty are a highlight of the summer program. Above they are shown exchanging views with Professor Ernest Kuhn of the Institute staff.

Staff experts of the Institute of International Affairs are shown above airing their conflicting points of view on the future of American foreign policy in Asia. Left to right: Dr. Claude Buss, Stanford; Dr. Hu Shih; Dr. Gale W. McGee, Chairman of the Institute of International Affairs; and Dr. Charles Beall, also of the Institute staff.

In addition there will be other lecturers representing the colonial powers in Africa, as well as some of the independent areas. The identity of these experts could not be confirmed by their respective governments so far in advance of the Institute dates.

"In Africa, the two best opportunities for the United States lie in the expansion of economic aid and technical assistance, and in the further development of educational exchange."

—Vernon McKay, African Desk, Department of State, 1948-1956.