war world-wide, but its leaders faced a distant front and the mission was poised across the nation. Britain's dilemma is not quite resolved in toto. Apparently, there are two versions of the relations between this country and the United States, although the timorous Americans would have this country believe so, yet both nations must divide their still insufficient means wisely if they are to win through; must see their outnumbered forces fighting desperately in some sectors if all is not to be lost.

It is against this background that Ambassador Litvinov's plea for a second front in Europe must be studied. The ambassador's reasoning is cogent; plausibly he holds up the glittering prize of the early defeat of Hitler if the Nazis are attacked front and rear by Britain, the United States and Russia. Mr. Litvinov's point that a large-scale offensive in the Pacific would be difficult to launch until America's power has reached its climax is also well taken. But the great difficulty, apart from that inherent in an invasion of the European continent at this stage of the war, is the extent to which men and materials can safely be diverted from the Pacific, where obviously there is now not enough of either. If Japan could be contained, in the military phrase, perhaps an offensive in the Far East might be postponed until Hitler were beaten. Until Japan is at least halted, however, Russia herself is not safe from a thrust into Siberia that would force her to fight the two-front war she hopes will be inflicted on Hitler.

This dilemma can be resolved. Perhaps the dispositions of the United Nations are such that Japan may be checked and Hitler attacked; perhaps an offensive against the Japanese may prove the wiser in the light of available means and grand strategy. If the United States is able to take the offensive in any quarter it will be welcome to the people of this country, who, as Mr. Willkie phrased it, are sickened to think of America in terms of defense. But military decisions can be made only by those who have possession of all the facts. All that American public opinion can ask of its leaders is that they act as boldly as their men, planes, guns and ships perform realistically, thinking not only of aid from this country but of the common foe. A simple rule is

But actually the basis has changed, certainly. It might be argued in favor of the final decision to recognize the Vichy region that it was difficult then to conceive of government of Frenchmen which would interpret its status under the armistice manner which would aid the Nazis and help the foes of Hitler. It was to be expected that the Germans would endeavor to stretch armistice terms in their own favor; that cessions would be forced from the French those concessions became repugnant to Fehmon, there was still the fleet and still colonies from which the war could be restive. In view of the character of the Vichy region from the outset of its career this view is best naive; the passage of time has demonstrated its increasing unreality.

The Vichy government has, it is true, yet openly surrendered the French Fleet. Germans nor has it openly turned over its bases to the Axis. But its whole course shown clearly that its leaders believe a triumph inevitable. A government has set up that could endure only should it triumph occur. The enemies of Hitler have been viciously attacked by Vichy propaegists, and every effort has been made to convince the French people that a government under duress; it springs from the convictions of the Vichy themselves.

Under such circumstances, what can the United Nations feel in the light of Vichy? In at least one outstand in Syria, the armistice terms were to favor the Axis—and then Vichy Germany and Italians who the French people, but the British French who were seeking to do the same, said that guaranty is there in Vichy or its avowed aim can rule out the possibility of a moment is ripe.

nced to
ay of re
l limit on parking—

a. m. to midnight, from midnight to 2 a.m. continued in all but by the new registration. parking is banned city.

## In Dispute
### 's Eyeglasses

Feb. 27 (UP). H. Feb. 27 (UP). and fifty war workers, members of the Industrial Or- United Electrical, Machine Workers' union strike today at strike today atmia Transformer in protest against off imposed on a union strike in protest against employed by the he refused to be the refused to be

lokesman said the lokezman said the officer had ignored rated requests to be examined and be es. He was laid He was laid early had an acci- the spokesman

## Hunt Thief,
### ses He Did It

### Stole Pigeons
### Fancier

Stole Pigeons of a pigeon who stole fifty cents for the raising of the United States of a boy who search.

years old, 19 Stole a pigeon from a Bronx, was any charge of a boy who stole a pigeon? No one was charged with the charge of a boy who stole a pigeon. Ambrose Ambrose was a pigeon of a boy who stole a pigeon. The explosion at Ninth Avenue was caused by burned-out extension mains of the Consolidated Edison Company. The cause of the explosion is not known.

The automobile, which a stretch of new road and turned over three times. Mr. Arias was thrown clear and received minor lacerations from a barbed-wire fence. Senator Hatch remained in the car.

At the hospital Senator Hatch complained of pains internally and in his back. He had been resting from his Washington duties at his home under doctor's orders.

## Ernest Thompson Seton Hurt

Special to the Herald Tribune

PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 27.

Ernest Thompson Seton, author and artist, was cut about the head this afternoon in an automobile collision on Roosevelt Boulevard. Mr. Seton, who is eighty-two years old, was on his way to Washington with Mrs. Seton, their three-year-old son Jack and two girls. Mrs. Seton was driving. She and the children were not injured.

Mrs. Lillian Adams, of Oceanside, L. I., driver of the other car, also suffered lacerations. She and Mr. Seton were treated at Frankford Hospital. The Setons live at Seton Village, Santa Fe. N. M., the site of Mr. Seton's College of Indian Wisdom.

## Cleared in Auto Death

Burton Chapin, twenty-eight years old, of New Haven, Conn., driver of a car which plunged into the Hudson River at Thirtieth Street on Jan. 24, killing two of his companions, was cleared yesterday by Magistrate Harry G. Andrews in Homicide Court of a charge of suspicion of homicide. Magistrate Andrews said that Mr. Chapin was not guilty of culpable negligence, but he fined Mr. Chapin $5 on his plea of guilty to driving the wrong way on east-bound, one-way Thirtieth Street.

## Manhole Covers Blown Out

Two manhole covers, at Ninth Avenue and Twenty-ninth Street and at Broadway and Forty-eighth Street, were blown from the street yesterday afternoon. No one was injured. The explosion at Ninth Avenue was caused by burned-out extension mains of the Consolidated Edison Company. The cause of the explosion is not known.

Most of the legal disputes have centered around an interpretation of the words "openings" and "vacancies" as applied to the specific-subject jobs in the schools. The Appellate Division, by its unanimous decision yesterday, reversed a ruling last October by Justice Isidor Waservogel, in Supreme Court, which held that there are no vacancies in the schools in the legal sense of the word because "openings" can be filled by other teachers in the school system.

The Appellate Division action was brought by Nathan Davis, of 1112 Gerard Avenue, the Bronx, a substitute teacher for five years before he was put on the eligible list for mathematics in 1939. He sought appointment to one of eleven vacancies in a junior high school.

## Argues Own Case

Mr. Davis, an attorney, now employed as a court attendant in Municipal Court, 8 Reade Street, argued his own case. He asserted that the state law requires the Board of Education to fill vacancies within six months of the time of their occurrence with personnel from the eligible list. The proposed legislation also would lift the time limit until July 1, 1943.

Associate Justice Alfred H. Townley, in the opinion in which four other members of the Appellate Division concurred yesterday, said that the board "claimed that these vacancies were not true vacancies, but were mere 'openings'" which could be filled under the authority of various by-laws.

It appeared in the testimony that a vacancy occurs when the principal certifies that a teacher in a particular subject is necessary. This situation can not be changed by calling the need itself a mere opening. There is no authority in the law for thus denominating a vacancy and thereby attempting to avoid the legal consequences of having a vacancy."

The court said that the principal which the board calls a contracting school has a "proper subject for legislation by the court."

The court said that the principal cannot permit the teachers to be transferred to other schools if they were to be competent instructors in the latter language.

E. THOMPSON SETON,
NOTED AUTHOR, DIES

Writer of 42 Books on Indian
Lore and Wildlife Also Did
Many of His Own Sketches

SANTA FE, N. M., Oct. 23 (AP)—Ernest Thompson Seton, world-famed author and authority on Indian lore and wildlife, died this morning at his home in Seton Village, ten miles south of Santa Fe. His age was 86.

Still active despite his years, Mr. Seton only a short time ago completed his forty-second book and had made plans for a 10,000-mile lecture tour. He also helped place a new roof on his 50,000-volume library recently.

His best known book probably was "Wild Animals I Have Known," published in 1898. It contained 200 of his drawings. This book attracted the attention of Theodore Roosevelt and the two became great personal friends. Rudyard Kipling said the volume led him to write his "Jungle Tales."

A Lover of the Outdoors

Ernest Thompson Seton followed the call of the wild over prairie

ERNEST THOMPSON SETON

1940

COL. JAMES WARING,
RETIRED ENGINEER, 72

Col. James Mowton Saunders Waring of 277 Park Avenue, a retired member of the engineering firm of Chase and Waring.