LESLIE'S WEEKLY
225 FIFTH AVENUE, MADISON SQUARE
NEW YORK

JOHN A. SLEICHER, EDITOR

January 1, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,
Yale University,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:

I note the statement that you have
the
visited the lost city of Incas. If you have
photos of interest regarding the city, can
you submit a few from which we might make a
choice? We pay from $3 upwards each for
accepted photos, according to their value.
Would be glad also to have your photo if
you care to let us use it.

JAS:OB

HARVARD COLLEGE OBSERVATORY,
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

January 1, 1914.

Dear Sir :-

You are charged in the files of this Observatory
with instruments, borrowed June 1, 1912,
described as follows:-

Three Richard Barographs Nos. 4151, 4152
4155.

Will you kindly inform me if you are still making
use of this property ?

Tres Piedras, N. M.

January 2, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:-

Enclosed are three photographs of picture writings taken
near here. The similarity between these pictures and those photo-
graphed by Heald and myself last year struck me, and I thought
you would be interested to have them. The writings have been
whitened to bring them out on the negative.

These rocks are located at the junction of the Rio Grande
and Arroyo Hondo, in Taos County, New Mexico. They were photo-
graphed by Mr. Alex Best.

Very truly yours,

January 5, 1914.

Dear Mr. Morkill:

Many thanks for sending me the number of the "Cronica" with
the pictures of the ruins of Tambo Machoy. It is an interesting place
which was known to only two or three people in Cuzco previous to our visit
in 1912. I am glad to see that they have cleaned it off. As it is
within a comfortable ride from Cuzco, it ought to make an attractive
point for tourists.

I am very sorry that I have not yet received from President
Hadley his approval to the details of my scheme for future work in Peru.
It would do no harm if you were to say to President Bilinghurst that
President Hadley feels that Yale University was not so well treated last
year that the authorities are anxious to renew work in Peru. Personally,
I hope to convince the authorities of the opportunity which lies before us,
but it is beginning to look as though the next step should come from Peru.
If we are officially invited to continue archaeological and other scientific
exploration, it will put the matter on a different basis.

With kindest regards, believe me to remain

Faithfully yours,

W. L. Morkill, Esq.,
The Peruvian Corporation,
Lima, Peru.

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

Urbana, Illinois,

January 5th, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

My dear Sir:

I would like, if possible, to secure for our geography department,
lantern slides from some of the negatives used in your article in the
National Geographica Magazine for April 1913.

If you are willing to have these pictures come out in this way,
would you kindly refer me to someone in New Haven who would make these slides
for us.

AMERICAN PRESS ASSOCIATION,

FOUNDED BY MAJOR ORLANDO J. SMITH

COURTLAND SMITH, PRESIDENT AND GENERAL MANAGER
WILLIAM G. BROGAN, VICE PRESIDENT AND ASST. GENL. MGR.

MAURICE F. GERMOND, SECRETARY-TREASURER
ALBERT BERNET, SECOND ASST. GENERAL MGR.

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GENERAL OFFICE

225 WEST 39TH STREET

NEW YORK, Jan. 7, 1914.

EARLE HOOKER EATON, MANAGING EDITOR

Professor Hiram Bingham,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

My dear Professor:-

I would like to publish a short description of
your discovery of the ruins of Machu Picchu in the Illustrated
Page of the American Press Association, and am writing to ask if
you could kindly furnish me with a photograph for the same. If
I could use one of the photographs used by the National Geographical
Society, we would, of course, give due credit to them, or if you
have a photograph which has not been used by that society, I would
respect it if you would forward it to me for the above purpose.

Hoping to hear from you at an early date, I am,

YALE UNIVERSITY

TREASURER'S OFFICE.

GEORGE PARMLY DAY,
TREASURER.

NEW HAVEN, CONN.

January 7, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham

Director of the Yale Peruvian Expedition.

Dear Sir:

Under Section 20, Part B, of the Workmen's Compensation Law and Employers' Liability Act of the State of Connecticut, effective January 1, 1914, "Every employer who has accepted Part B of this act shall keep a record of such injuries sustained by his employees in the course of their employment as result in incapacity for one day or more, and every employer shall send each week to the commissioner such report of said injuries as the commission shall require, with such notices of claims for compensation as have been served upon him within one week, in accordance with the provisions of section twenty-one."

The University having accepted Part B of the Act mentioned, in
respect to all those employed by it in any capacity, it will be necessary,
beginning January 1, 1914, for the Treasurer to make the reports required under
the Act. I am therefore writing to ask you to make written report to me each
week of any injury to any employee in your office or department which shall
result in incapacity to any employee for one day or more, that I may make proper
record thereof and in turn transmit the information to the commissioner. The re-
port made to me should state the name and address of the employee, the nature of
his work (whether teaching, administrative, clerical, etc.), the character of
the injury sustained by him, the cause thereof, and the salary or wages paid him.

In addition to such formal weekly reports prompt information should
be given to this office, by telephone, confirmed later by letter, immediately
following any accident resulting in injury to any employee.

It will be desirable for all formal weekly reports to be made on
Saturday of each week until further notice.

Your co-operation in this matter as above outlined will be greatly
appreciated.

January 19, 1914.

My dear Bowman,

Only one of the meteorological stations which we established
seems to be in working order. From the other three we have received
nothing but disappointment. I am enclosing records of the Santa Lucia
station, which, as you probably know, is at an elevation of about 15,000
feet, near the railroad between Arequipa and Puno. Will you kindly
look these over and let me have a few lines about them which I can
use in a letter to Mr. Barber for his encouragement? He has taken an
immense amount of pains, and I should be glad to cheer him up a bit.

P. S. I have talked over with Freeman Ward the possibility of his going to examine the results of the earthquakes on the 73rd meridian, and he is willing to undertake the task if sufficient funds can be raised to send him and a Spanish-speaking assistant. Hardy would be available, probably, for this work, and as he is familiar with at least one end of the field, and has a good knowledge of Spanish, it seems to me he would be the proper person to send. I have asked the National Geographic Society for an appropriation of $2500.00 to cover this four months expedition. Would you be so good as to write me a letter, stating what such an expedition could accomplish, whether you think the opportunity is an unusually good one or not, what you think of Ward's ability to handle the problems of it; and anything else that occurs to you which I could use in urging upon the National Geographic Society the passage of this appropriation.

YALE UNIVERSITY
DEPARTMENT OF
GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

January 23, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham,
Drawer C, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Bingham:

The Santa Lucia meteorological records have come to hand and I find them unusually interesting and valuable. I wanted to stop everything else and work them up at once. Without going into details I wish to say that records of this sort are worth all the pains that any one takes in collecting them. I think perhaps it might be wise to work up this batch of records for publication to encourage Mr. Barber to continue to take them in the same careful way in which he seems to have taken these.

The value of the records at any station is greatly enhanced by having for comparison synchronous records at other stations in the Cordillera and I hope that no effort will be spared in getting a line of stations from the plains to the coast. The relative degree of importance of such observations may be indicated by saying that in my judgment the establishment of meteorological stations across the Cordillera would seem to be much more valuable than the proposed work on earthquake effects. If by spending a summer, a man could establish such a chain of stations, his time and the money required to maintain him would be very well spent.

I do not wish to minimize the importance of earthquake study, but I think there are a number of other more important things waiting for funds. If the earthquake study could be made a part of a larger piece of work, then I should be enthusiastic about it. For example, if a man went to Peru with the idea of spending five months in the field and spent two on earthquake effects, the relative expense would be much less and would be more nearly commensurate with the value of the results. There is, of course, always the chance that the effects will be so striking and unusual that they will have wide popular interest, in which case they would be rated very highly by the National Geographic Society. From the standpoint of pure science, I cannot see how any very important contribution is going to be made by such a study, especially as the time of occurrence of the earthquakes at different places cannot be determined within rather wide limits of error. This is important in determining the direction and velocity of the earthquake wave.

January 28, 1914.

Dear Don Manuel:

I beg to acknowledge your kind favor of December 12th, in which
you enclose a copy of a letter from Sr. Calvo, Minister of Justice and
Industry, relating to the possibility of our exploring and excavating in
Bolivia.

We appreciate very highly the confidence which you show in us,
and the privileges which you offer us. We regret very much to see that
it is not possible for the Bolivian government to contribute in money
toward the work which we should like to do. Owing to bad business conditions
in the United States, the University is very seriously affected, and it is
impossible to ask the University authorities to spend any money in
exploration at the present time.

There is a chance, however, that the National Geographic Society
may be willing to aid in South American exploration, but it would be very
much easier to get an appropriation were it possible for the Bolivian
government to make a small appropriation toward the work, or to offer a
few practical inducements which might make the cost of the work less. I
refer to such things as supplying us, gratis, with railway and construction
material, of which there will have to be quite a little if extensive
scientific explorations are carried on at Tiahuanaco; also supplying us,
gratis, with the services of some of the more efficient, younger army
officers, who might serve as assistants and also as captains in charge of
small gangs of Indian laborers. I believe we can arrange some method of
working which will be mutually agreeable, but at the present time the
prospects do not seem to be very hopeful. Mr. Bowman gave me the idea that
the Bolivian government might be willing to spend some of the money appro-
priated toward the San Francisco exposition in aiding the work of excavation.
so we are disappointed to find there is no money available for this purpose.
Furthermore, I learn that some excavating is already going forward at the
present time at Tiahuanaco. It is possible that this might be continued in
such a way as to render the spending of any large amount of money on our part
in such work, quite futile. Can you not persuade your government to make
more liberal offers?

With kind regards, and best wishes, believe me to remain

Faithfully yours,

March 20, 1914

My dear Mr. Chittenden:

Thank you for your kind letter of March 14th. I am very glad to learn that you will be willing to recommend to the Corporation that Prof. Harrison be given the necessary leave, if he desires to go on the expedition.

There are two other matters which I should like to inquire about. The first, - as to whether you know of any recent graduates, or near-graduates, of the Scientific School, who will be likely to be able to qualify as Assistant Topographer, having had, (1) field experience with engineering party; (2) practise in the use of the plane-table; and, (3) a working knowledge of Spanish.

The other matter is with regard to Professor Foote. He was of the very greatest assistance in making a success of the Expedition of 1911, which I think everyone feels redounded to the credit of the University. I believe that he has not had a sabbatical year, and that according to the regulations of the Scientific School, he might properly ask for leave of absence during the latter half of the school year 1914-15. I should like very much if this is the case to invite him to go on the scientific party which will start from here next March and be gone until September. I feel very strongly that, while such use of the sabbatical would not directly increase his reputation as a physical chemist, it would tremendously increase his efficiency as a teacher, would redound eventually to the credit of the University, and would undoubtedly, if we can judge from the experience of 1911, put him in splendid physical condition, and make him better fitted to carry on his regular work as Professor of Physical Chemistry.

Before urging upon him the advisability of his going with us, I should make very much to have your sanction. I remember that you were before that before he was made a full professor it was decided that he should be a sable for him not to absent himself from the laboratory to do field work in Peru that had little, if anything, to do with physical chemistry. As a matter of fact, a very interesting paper, a pioneer in the field, discussing the structure of Inca bronze axes, was one of the direct results of that Expedition.

With kind regards, believe me to remain

March 20, 1914.

My dear Sir:

You have been recommended by Mr. Marshall for the position of
Assistant topographer to the Peruvian Expedition of 1914-15, which,
under the auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic So-
ciety, expects to have two topographic parishes in the field this year.
The position of Chief Topographer is going to be filled by Mr. A. H.
Bumstead, the Chief Topographer of the 1912 Expedition. For the posi-
tion of Assistant Topographer we offer to pay all field and travelling
expenses from the 20th of April to the 20th of December, and an hono-
rarium of $1,000. Probably seven and a half months will be spent away
from New Haven, in the journey to and from Peru, and in the field. The
length of the field season will depend on the weather, but will probab-
ly last from five and a half to six months.

The region is a healthy one, where we have worked during 1911 and
1912. I am sending you a copy of the National Geographic Magazine for
April, so that you can get some idea of the district, in the neighbor-
hood of which the new expedition is going to work.

If you care to consider this, please let me know by telegraph, and
I shall be very glad to have you come to New Haven at once at our ex-
pense.

I should have written to you before, but I was led to suppose that
you would not care to consider going to Peru on these terms. A friend
of your thinks my impression is mistaken, and accordingly I am writing
to give you a chance to come to New Haven if you care to consider this
proposition.

Sincerely yours,

Mr. Leo Bond Roberts,
U. S. Geological Survey,
Washington, D. C.

March 20, 1914

My dear Mr. Trimble:

Yesterday morning, several hours before your telegram arrived, Mr. Bumstead, the Chief Topographer of the 1912 Expedition, decided that he would like to stay with us, instead of leaving, as had been planned. As his work has always been satisfactory, and as he has had one year's experience in the country, we are naturally desirous of retaining him, though we had not supposed that it would be practicable to do so.

This fills the position of which I wrote you, but we have not yet filled the position of Assistant Topographer.

We have been offering for this position allffadd and travelling expenses for eight months, from April 20th to December 20th, and an honorarium of $1,000, but, on account of your wider experience, I would be willing, in case after a personal interview we were satisfied with each other, to offer you a little more, or, as I telegraphed you last night, a salary of $150 per month. That is to say, and honorarium of $1,200.

If you care to consider this, I hope you will come to New Haven and talk things over at once.

Sincerely yours,

Mr. Kelly W. Trimble,
Swoope,
Virginia.

March 21, 1914.

Dear Sir;

It is not surprising that you
are beginning to think that your
order has been overlooked.

We have already written once to
the Eastman Kodak Company inquir-
ing the reason for the delay on t
this enlargement, and will write
again to-day asking them to ex-
press it directly to you in or-
der to save the delay of having
it come here. Of course this
makes it impossible for us to see
whether the work is satisfactory
before sending it to you, but as
we almost never find any trouble
with our other orders I believe

HARVARD COLLEGE

OFFICE OF THE DEAN
4 UNIVERSITY HALL

CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS

March 21, 1914

Dear Bingham,

Philip Means has written to you applying for a
place on your expedition. I hope you can take him with
you. Personally he is a decidedly attractive fellow; on
the surface rather butterflyish but underneath sound and
thoroughly to be depended upon. He bore himself admira-
bly in a trying time, I say this to you confidentially.
He has been about a C man, doing all sorts of things, - C
because he had no real interest; now Anthropology has
quickened him and he is likely, if encouraged, to make this
his life work. His family is very well-to-do so that he has
not got to plunge at once into work for bread and butter.
I hope you will have a chance for him on your expedition.

I saw his father a few days ago for Philip was
doubtful as to whether his father would allow him to under-
take this work. I strongly urged his father to let Philip
try now that he has found what he wants to do, and last night
Philip wrote that his father had consented. He sent me a
copy of his father's letter to you. In strict confidence,
I can tell you that his father has, I think, been the source
of trouble in the family, and I judge from what I have
heard that he has drunk altogether too much, and become
rather erratic. I was therefore greatly rejoiced to find

PEABODY MUSEUM OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL SECTION
UNIVERSITY MUSEUM

March 20, 1914

Professor Hiram Bingham

Yale University

New Haven, Conn.

Dear Professor Bingham:-

There is a young man in our junior class, Philip H. Means, who has a ravenous desire to go to Peru in connection with some archaeological expedition. He is a bright scholar and is allowed a certain sum by his father, so that he could pay his travelling expenses to and from Peru, if you would take him on your expedition to Peru and pay his expenses while he is working for you. We have taken our course 1 in Anthropology and knows French very well. He can read German and Spanish and is now taking the course in Spanish in the College, so I think so far as the Spanish language is concerned he would get along all right. He is a hale and hearty fellow and says he as never been sick except with a toothache since he had typhoid fever as a child. He is ready to handle the shovel and pick and do anything you expect him to do, but he has not had any experience in field work in archaeology. He has been reading everything he could get hold of on Peru.

Now, if you want someone to go as an assistant to work under your direction, I think you would find Means a specially good man for the place. I promised him I would write to you with the hope that you would take him. He has only a half term more to complete his courses for an A.B. degree and he does not care when he takes that half course. Last night I met Dean Hurlburt, who knows Means, and he will probably write to you in his behalf.

When do you propose to start on your expedition?

YALE UNIVERSITY.

GEORGE BLUMER, M. D.,
DEAN OF THE MEDICAL FACULTY.

NEW HAVEN, CONN., Mar. 21, 1914.

Mr. E. C. Erdis,

315 Crown St.,

New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:

Referring to our recent conversation on the treatment of snake bite

I would suggest the following as the underlying principles of treatment:

1. The immediate placing of a constricting band on the limb between the bite and the heart. This should be kept on for several hours but should be loosened for a few seconds at least every hour; otherwise, gangrene in the extremity may occur.

2. Free incision of the wound made by the fangs of the snake. The wound should be opened up, thoroughly washed, and sucked if water is not available.

3. The rubbing thoroughly into the wound of the crystals of permanganate of potash.

So far as I know there is as yet no satisfactory antitoxin for the
poison of the rattlesnake. There have been attempts to produce such an antitoxin
and I shall write to Dr. Nogouchi of the Rockefeller Institute who did considerable
work on this subject, and ask him what the latest word on this is.

4. The use of cardiac stimulants, preferably caffeine sodium-benzoate in two-grain doses hypodermically, repeated as often as once an hour. The value of alcoholic stimulants is exceedingly doubtful. There is no question in my mind that some individuals bitten by rattlesnakes have died of whiskey poisoning rather than rattlesnake poisoning.

FORM-C12-10M-12-142

CONTRACTS AND EXPORT SALES.
G. F. SULLIVAN.

Austin, Nichols & Co., Inc.
IMPORTERS, MANUFACTURERS,

WHOLESALE GROCERS.
NEW YORK.

CABLE ADDRESS:
"NICHAUST" NEW YORK.

My dear Professor Bingham:

Your favor of the 20th is at hand and has my careful attention.

First referring to some items on the list you enclose :-

**Dutch Girl Cheese:-** This brand is now out of the market, but there is a substitute, the Pinxter brand, tin of about same size and similar quality, at about the same price.

**Salmon:-** Would you desire ⅓ lb. or 1 lb. tins? Possibly 4½ lb. tins would be better than 2/1 lb.

**G. Washington Coffee:-** This article is very light. The "standard" or "30¢" size tin contains 33 grammes, say 1-1/5 oz., and is supposed to make from 25 to 30 cups. The family or 90¢ size contains 4 oz. and is supposed to make from 90 to 100 cups. You will know how much Coffee your men ought to drink and can judge which would be the best size to send.

In comparing this list with former shipments, I note you omit Macaroni and Tea. Is this intentional? I note further that you say nothing about the locks, staples and leather straps for hinges which have usually gone in each case. Shall I add these ?

When your answer is received on the above mentioned items, we shall be ready to go ahead immediately with the preparation of the Fifteen Cases for shipment in April, and I will ask you please to advise me at the same time whether the contents of all the Seventy Cases are to be identical, so that we may calculate accordingly in ordering in the various items, as considerable time and trouble are saved by assembling all the goods at the same time, and working on the lot continuously. If any differences are desired in any of the cases, please indicate them so that we may have the whole matter before us.

I can assure you that all of us here, including Mr. Watson, will give the matter our most careful attention, and do not doubt that everything will be made ready exactly as you would desire.

awaiting further, and with kind regards, I am

FOREIGN DEPARTMENT

GODES:
LIEBER'S,
SCATTERGOOD'S, WESTERN UNION,
A B C 4TH EDITION,
A B C 5TH EDITION,
ARMSBY'S 1907,
ARMSBY'S 1909.

New York, March 21, 1914.

OFFICERS AND
DIRECTORS

LEWIS E. PIERSON
President.

HARRY BALFE
Vice President &
Genl. Mgr.

THOMAS M. M'CARTHY
Treasurer.

JAMES E. NICHOLS
JOHN C. MAHLAN
LOUIS C. OWENS
THOMAS W. ORMISTON
WALTER B. TIMMS

HAMPDEN HALL
CAMBRIDGE

Mars.

March 22, 1914.

My dear Professor Bingham:

Your letter of March 20 to my father encourages me to write to
you myself about the very great desire I have of going, if possible, with
you to Peru. I would have done so before had I not felt that to do so without
an invitation from you would be an intrusion, and had I not known that both
Professor Putnam and Dean Hurlbut would soon tell you about me. Your suggestion
that I come to New Haven to see you is one I should be glad to carry out and
I can come on next Saturday if that is not inconvenient for you.

Permit me to tell you, now, a few things about myself, reasons why I
feel that I should not be altogether useless on an expedition of the sort
you are planning. I shall answer each one of the three groups of qualifications named by you, in order.

1. I can read Spanish very nearly as easily as English; I find no
difficulty at all in understanding the conversation of a Mexican who comes
and talks with me twice a week; neither do I find it hard to make my own re-
marks understood in turn.

2. In this group I am very weak; I have had no experience in field
work, indeed it is that which I chiefly wish to gain under your direction.
I could, I believe, make a satisfactory rough map, for I know how to use the
compass and the sextant. I shall be glad to study surveying if you wish it.

3. I have had a lot of experience in roughing it, having spent
summers camping out in the most primitive ways. Moreover I am strong and very
healthy, and I never have found trouble in doing without things that aren't to
be had. I could soon learn to look after the pack animals, too.

Moreover, I do not ask for a salary, nor do I expect to be supported
except when actually in the field, and even then I would not ask for anything
beyond the bare necessities. As you see, I can also use the typewriter, and
now that a really servicable and very light portable machine can be got, per-
haps I could be useful in that way. Finally, let me assure you that there is

Professor Bingham
New Haven, Conn.

HAMPDEN HALL
CAMBRIDGE

literally no kind of work I will not do to make myself a useful addition to
the party. I am very eager to be an archaeologist although I fully realize
that there is a vast amount of drudgery to be gone through with before the
original research work begins.

My father will, I am sure, especially if you recommend it, set a-
part a sum of money sufficient to keep me going until I can get a position
here in Harvard or elsewhere.

If you will see me I shall be happy to come to New Haven next week.
Will you not let me know whether you wish me to come then ?

Professor Hiram Bingham,
Yale University
New Haven, Conn.

March 19, 1914.

My dear Mr. Hadley:

In order to put on record my understanding of the agreement
between the National Geographic Society and Yale University, and to
commit myself so far as possible toward my share in carrying out this
contract, I desire to write as follows:

I agree on my part to write for the National Geographic
Society immediately on the return of the Expedition to the United States,
a popular article of 6,000 or 7,000 words, describing in popular form
the results of the Expedition. If deemed advisable by the Editor of
the National Geographic Magazine, I agree also to prepare a second
article of 6,000 or 7,000 words, describing such results as cannot
be included in the first article. I further agree to use all reasonable
effort to carry out any part of the agreement between the National
Geographic Society and Yale University, which depends on my action;
to which agreement I have subscribed my name.

Furthermore, I agree that in the contracts that are signed
with the various members of the Expedition, there shall be a suitable
clause, providing for the carrying out of the terms of this contract;
with particular reference to the fact that no article or photograph
is to be given to any other magazine by any member of the Expedition
until after the publication of the aforementioned article or articles
in the National Geographic Magazine; and that no technical paper shall
be published in any journal, prior to the publication of the popular
account in the National Geographic Magazine; and, further, that in all
technical reports it shall be definitely stated that the results were
obtained by the Peruvian Expedition of 1914-15, under the auspices of
Yale University and the National Geographic Society; all of which

March 19, 1914.

My dear Mr. Hadley:

I had a long interview with Mr. Samuel Fisher yesterday in regard to the agreement between the National Geographic Society and Yale University. He regards the new agreement as preferable to the wording of the agreement for 1912, but he suggests that I write two letters of an explanatory nature to accompany this agreement.

In accordance with his suggestion, I am enclosing them herewith. It is my understanding that, with these letters, he regards the form of the agreement as satisfactory. I hope to call on you at eleven o'clock Friday morning, and hope that we can get the matter settled at that time, as the Director of the National Geographic Society has affixed his signature some time ago, and shown his willingness to enter into an agreement that is very favorable to the University.

Faithfully yours,

MINOR C. KEITH

17 BATTERY PLACE
NEW YORK

CABLE ADDRESS "KEITHLESS"
CODES LIEBER'S & WESTERN UNION

March 23, 1914.

Dear Mr. Bingham,

Your letter of March 6th is at hand from which I
note that the National Geographic Society have approved
your plans for another expedition to Peru.

I am sorry to say at the present moment I do not feel
able to contribute the $1,000 a year for two years mentioned
in your letter. I am feeling very poor at the present
moment, as I have a great many demands upon me from various
sources. I trust that later on I may be able to favorably
consider your wish.

I am sorry for the present moment I cannot do more.

March 23, 1914.

Dear Ernest:

Many thanks for your note, and for sending the
note from your friend, Sidney Paige. I am glad to have a
deciding vote cast against Vance, as we heard the most con-
flicting opinions regarding him. Wilson, who is getting
$100.00 a month in the Survey, and to whom we offered $1000.00
for eight months, has decided that the trip is too stren-
uous and the salary offered is too small, "considering the
hardships and responsibilities involved." Mr. K. W. Trimble
of whom I have heard excellent things, is coming to call
on me this morning.

Anything more that you can find out about him or
Roberts, I shall be glad to learn.

Faithfully yours,

Ernest Howe, Esq.,

1724 I Street, N.W.,

Washington, D.C.

J. S. BACHE & CO.

42 BROADWAY

NEW YORK Mch. 23, 1914.

Hiram Bingham, Esqr.,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir :

Referring to your favor of the 9th instant, addressed to Mr. H. A. Scheftel, I beg to advise you that Mr. Scheftel has been confined to his home for the past three months on account of illness, and has therefore not been able to give any attention to business affairs.

TRADE MARK
REG. IN U.S. PATENT OFFICE
AND THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.

ALL LETTERS SHOULD BE
ADDRESSED TO THE COMPANY.

G.E.HODSON, PRESIDENT & TREASURER.
WINCHESTER BENNETT, 1ST VICE PRESIDENT.
H.S.LEONARD, 2ND VICE PRESIDENT.
A.I.WARD, SECRETARY.
T.G.BENNETT, CONSULTING DIRECTOR.
H.F.BEEBE, ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT.
D.H.VEADER, CASHIER.
F.G.DREW, SALES MANAGER.
W.R.CLARK, ADVERTISING MANAGER.
I.L.LIPPENCOTT, TRAFFIC MANAGER.
A.W.EARLE, AUDITOR.

WINCHESTER REPEATING ARMS CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
RIFLES, SHOTGUNS AND SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION.

JC 96

NEW HAVEN, CONN., U.S.A. March 23, 1914

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Hi:

I am pleased to note that you have heard satisfactorily
from Col. Robinson in the matter of side arms.

As to sherardizing, the time is now so limited that frankly
I am afraid to undertake the sherardizing of even a single arm for
the present expedition. Special work of this kind has to go slowly
and would in this case go so slowly that I am afraid the delivery of
the material would be delayed beyond permissible limits.

As soon as we have the material ready I will call you up,
that Erdis may look over the arms which we are preparing.

OFFICE OF

The American Journal of Science.

New Haven, Conn., March 23rd, 1914.

Dear Professor Bingham:

I am glad to
learn that Eaton is ready to go with
you and am sure that the Expedition
will accomplish most important things.

HAMPDEN HALL
CAMBRIDGE

March 24, 1914.

My dear Professor Bingham:

Dean Hurlbut has just kindly given me permission to be absent
from Harvard next Saturday for the purpose of seeing you. So I shall take
the train which leaves Boston at One p.m. on Friday. If you will have
a note waiting for me at the Hotel Taft, telling me where and when to
visit you I shall be glad to do so.

Washington, D. C.

March 25, 1914.

Hon. Lindley M. Garrison,
Secretary of War.

Sir:

The National Geographic Society and Yale University are contemplating another Peruvian expedition similar to the one directed by the present writer in 1912. The work included a considerable amount of topographical engineering in a partially unexplored region in Southern Peru. The topographic part of the expedition is to leave New York on the 25th of April and is due to return to New York on the 10th of December. The work is reconnaissance mapping, with particular attention to some glaciers that were discovered in 1912, and certain groups of ancient ruins belonging to the Inca civilization.

The Peruvian Government is friendly toward exploration of
of this kind and the Peruvian Minister has assured me that we should
meet no difficulties. He has already taken the matter up with his
Government.

When the matter of taking an officer from the Engineer
Corps as a topographer of the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911 was
broached, I discovered that such action was entirely within the
law, but it did not seem to me at that time that it was advisable
to have an officer of the United States Army connected with the ex-
pedition for political reasons. At the present time I believe that
there would be no disadvantage to the expedition or to the United
States in having as a member of the topographic party, and as one
of the two principal topographers, an Army officer. If you can
find it convenient to grant a furlough to an officer who would be cap-
able of handling this kind of work, we should be very glad to pay his
expenses and any other charges which you might feel it proper for us
to maintain. The expedition is for purely scientific purposes and
has no commercial end in view whatsoever.

An early answer will be greatly appreciated, as only a month
remains before the topographers must start. The other topographical
engineer, Mr. A. H. Bumpstead, who was our chief topographer in 1912,
has been engaged to go down again this year. He was formerly for eight
years in the Geological Survey.

Respectfully yours,

Director, The Peruvian Expedition of 1914-15, under
the auspices of Yale University and the National Geographic
Society.

Washington, D. C.,

March 25, 1914.

Hon. Henry Breckinridge,

Assistant Secretary of War.

My dear Mr. Breckinridge:

If it were possible for the Peruvian Expedition of 1914-
15, which goes out under the auspices of Yale University and the Na-
tional Geographic Society and of which I am Director, to obtain the
services of an Army officer as one of our topographic engineers, we
should be very glad indeed to have such a man as Lieutenant J. G.
Steese, whose knowledge of Spanish and whose experience at Panama
and whose interest in South American exploration seem to me to give
him unusual qualifications for the work which we have before us.

With sincere regards, believe me,

Sincerely yours.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

MEDICAL SCHOOL

EDWARD H. BRADFORD, M.D.
Dean
FRANCIS W. PALFREY, M.D.
Secretary

Boston, Massachusetts

March 25, 1914.

Dr. John Dane,
29 Marlboro' Street,
Boston, Mass.

Dear Sir:--

Your letter concerning the expedition of
Professor Hiram Bingham of Yale to Peru in June, 1914
to October, 1915, has been received and I have made a
beginning to obtain a suitable man to go with the
expedition.

I am very grateful to you for this opportunity
and believe that it might be an excellent chance for
some man to go from Harvard and see many benefits, aside
from the fun of such an expedition.

Richmond, Va.

March 26, 1914

901 West Grace St.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:-

I wired you this morning as follows: " Impossible to accept, letter today." My reason for doing so is that I am now confined to my bed with pneumonia.

My physician states there is little or no hope of my being able to undergo the typhoid inoculation within the next two weeks. This, coupled with the uncertainty of my complete restoration in time to start with the expedition, causes me to notify you, also, to abandon the hope of being with you in Peru.

With the highest appreciation of the compliment in being considered, as well as the most kind courtesies extended me while in New Haven, I beg to remain,

March 26, 1914

My dear Mr. Keith:

Thank you for your kind letter. I appreciate your good wishes, and I realize that you have a great many demands made upon you from various sources.

I believe that we will be able to get all the money together, though we are still $5,000 shy, but I am sure that amount can be raised without troubling you any further.

Thank you for your willingness to recommend the usual rebate on passenger tickets and free carriage of excess baggage by the United Fruit Company steamers.

With kindest regards, and many thanks, believe me to remain,

Minor C. Keith, Esq.,
17 Battery Place,
New York City.

March 26, 1914

My dear Hurlbut:

Many thanks for your kind, full, and very
frank letter, which I shall hold in the strict-
est confidence.

I am glad to hear such good things about the
young man Philip Means, and you may depend upon
it that, after your recommendation, I shall give
him a chance. I want to see him first, however,
and I am looking forward to meeting him tomorrow,
as he writes you have given him permission to be
absent next Saturday, and he is coming down Fri-
day evening.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Hurlbut from us
both, believe me to remain

Dean B. S. Hurlbut,
‡ University Hall,
Harvard University.
Cambridge, Massachusetts.

WAR DEPARTMENT,
WASHINGTON,

March 26, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham,
National Geographic Society,
Hubbard Memorial Hall, 16th Street,
Washington, D. C.

My dear Mr. Bingham:

Referring to your call upon me of yesterday,
and your letters of 25th instant, addressed respectively
to the Secretary of War and myself, on the subject of ob-
taining the services of an Army officer as one of the topo-
graphic engineers to accompany the Peruvian Expedition of
1914-1915, I beg to inclose, for your information, a report
just received from the Chief of Engineers, from which it ap-
pears that it is impossible for the Department to take fa-
vorable action upon your request.

Regretting very much that it seems to be impossible
to meet your wishes in this matter, I am

(Inclosure - Copy of Report of Chief of Engineers).

80475/6

WAR DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF ENGINEERS,
WASHINGTON.

EB/PJW

March 26, 1914.

MEMORANDUM for the Secretary of War.

Subject: Detail of an Engineer officer to accompany scientific expedition to Peru under auspices of National Geographic Society and Yale University.

1. There may be some doubt as to legal authority under existing statutes to detail an Engineer officer to duty of the class described above, unless the duty be considered to be incidentally of military character or value; but without taking that question to the point of decision, the request must be decided on other grounds.

2. Sufficient Engineer officers are not now available to meet all demands for their service in connection with military surveys in progress in the United States, and, under such circumstances, to meet requests such as that stated above for services abroad not strictly military in character. Moreover, the particular officer mentioned, Lieut. James G. Steese, is not available, since he is on duty at the Military Academy, and is incapacitated by reason of a broken leg.

DAN O. KONGMAN

Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army.

Inables. 6 and 7 acconigs.

W
TRADE MARK
REG. IN U.S. PATENT OFFICE
AND THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.

JC 41

NEW HAVEN, CONN., U.S.A.

March 26, 1914

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

Room 23, Lampson Hall, Yale University, New Haven, Conn.

My dear Hi:-

Herewith Oneida Community catalogue of game traps.

It has been quite an education to me, as I supposed that they
were manufacturing at the most three or four sizes of traps.
From the catalogue it is evident that I am distinctly ignorant
as to the business in this line of material.

You will note that they will be pleased to furnish
you, if satisfactory, each size marked with a cross in the
catalogue. I am inclined to doubt very much if you will need
so many varieties of traps. As above admitted, my knowledge
of traps is comparatively limited but I am inclined to think
that you will find more use for the small traps such as the
Oneida Jump No. 0, No. 1 and No. 1-1/2, than for the larger
sizes, and I would suggest that you request them to include
one or two of the so-called "Stop Thief" traps (see page 52)
in the smallest sizes, as I believe these would be of greater
value to you in catching small rodents, where their holes or

Prof. Hiram Bingham.

-2-

3-26-14

burrows can be located, than almost any other style of trap.

When Erdis is reviewing this matter, and I suppose
you will put it up to him, call his attention to the fact that
the illustrations are in different scales, some full size,
some 5/6 full size, some 3/5, some 1/2.

For the larger traps, such as might be used on bear,
mountain lion or large wildcat, he should have clevis chains
and drags, either of the two prong type illustrated on page
28 or the ordinary trappers' style of drag should be used,
this drag being a 3 or 4 ft. section of a 6 or 8 in. tree,
firmly attached to the chain trap so that the captured animal
does not have opportunity to get a solid pull but is hindered
in its movement by the drag, which catches in rocks, brush,
etc. and continually impedes his progress. A bear hindered
by one of these drags generally does not travel very far but
wastes almost all his strength fighting the drag rather than
attempting to get away.

Yours very truly,

March 26, 1914

My dear Mr. Sullivan:

Details on Cases 56-70 cannot be given until we secure our sur-
geon, as they are intended particularly for his use, but you can take
it for granted that we shall use practically the same material, with
slight variation. If you want to draw up a proposed order, suggesting
a few changes in the general bill-of-fare so that these boxes will be
welcomed by the other members of the party, I shall be glad to have
your suggestions. In that case I should not have to wait for the doctor
to be appointed.

Pin Money Pickles: Instead of Sour. This is correct in cases 16-35 only.

**Sardines:** Brand does not matter. Quality should be first-class, but not fancy. We do not desire to give them fancy articles, but merely those that can be relied upon as pure and wholesome as possible. If I remember correctly, large sardines are more expensive than small ones, but if the packing is good they are no more healthy, so I am opposed to them.

**Boneless Turkey:** Have you any other suggestion, - instead of chicken? I want something that would get away from the chicken and be wholesome. I am not particular about the turkey.

Thank you for your interest.

Requesting you to tell Mr. Watson that he has a very high reputa-
tion to maintain, as five members of the last expedition are going on
this, believe me, to remain

Mr. C. F. Sullivan,
C/O Messrs. Austin, Nichols & Co.,
New York City.

March 27, 1914

Sr. Dr. Jose J. Bravo,
Cuerpo de Ingeniero,
Lima, Peru.

Muy amigo mio,

En la espera de recibir sus siempre gratas noticias de Vd. me permito dirigirla á Vd. esta expresión de mi continua in- terés en todas las cosas de Vd. Le he mandado hace poco tiempo algunas de nuestras reimpresion- es que ya debe á haber llegado en su poder. Si no llegan, sir- varse informarme de ello. Ade- más en otro pliego incluyo a Vd. algunas otras que espero le interesan en leyenda. Si es pos- sible me gustaría mucho á recibir en cambio sus estimables publi- caciones.

Sin más por hoy concluyo la presente ascuñándole á Vd. de mi constante amistad, suyo amigo,

G.E.HODSON. PRESIDENT & TREASURER.
WINCHESTER BENNETT, 1ST. VICE PRES.
H.S.LEONARD, 2ND. VICE PRESIDENT.
A.I.WARD. SECRETARY.

H.F.BEEBE, ASST. TO THE PRESIDENT.
D.H.VEADER, CASHIER.

F.G.DREW, SALES MANAGER.

A.W.EARLE, AUDITOR.

JC 79

NEW HAVEN, CONN., U.S.A.

March 27, 1914

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Bingham:-

I have yours of the 26th inst. and will
prepare to accept your offer to take down in June a gun
that has been sherardized and return same to us some time in
December. We will have the gun set up at the earliest con-
venient date.

Erdis visited me yesterday afternoon for a little
while to go over the guns which we have ready for shipment and
is today putting in an hour or two in the Assembling Room
learning to dismount and assemble the various arms.

March 28, 1914.

My dear Sir:

Through the kindness of Mr. Winchester Bennett I have received your catalogue, and have learned of your willingness to assist the Expedition by equipping us with such traps as we need for making our collection of mammals for the biological work of the Expedition.

We appreciate most highly your generous offer, and we trust that not only will it result in an advantage to science, but that the use of your traps in that portion of Peru may lead the Peruvians to take an interest in manufactured articles of this character.

We expect to have three camps, operating largely in unexplored regions, and we should be glad to equip each camp with one or two of each kind of trap. If you think we are asking for too many, or more than you intended to supply us with, please do not hesitate to tell me so. I have put down the number that I believe we can make good use of, and, as the Expedition is for purely scientific and non-commercial purposes, I have looked at our needs entirely from that standpoint. I realize, however, that this sometimes leads me into asking people for more contributions than they care to make! Anyhow, here is the list:

6 Oneida Jump Trap Setters (See p. 38)
6 " " " No. 0 with chains (See p. 39)
6 " " " 1 " " ( " " 40)
6 " " " 2 " " ( " " 42)
3 " " " 3 " " ( " " 44)
3 " " " 4 " " ( " " 46)

4 Stop Thief Traps " 1 (See p. 53)
4 " " " 2 ( " " " )

3 Newhouse Traps " 50 ( " " 23) (With Clevis chains, instead of the short chain and ring.)

3 Clamps for setting the Bear Traps. (See p. 28).

Again assuring you of my appreciation of your willingness to cooperate with us, believe me to remain

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

MEDICAL SCHOOL

A. B. EMMONS, 2d, M.D.
*Director for Appointments for Medical Alumni*

Boston, Massachusetts

March 28, 1914.

Dear Sir:--

Through Dr. John Dane an application for a
doctor to go with your planned expedition June 1914 to
October 1915 has been referred to my department.

I have to submit the name of Dr. Irving E. Stowe,
West Medway, Mass., graduate of the Harvard Medical
School in 1899, who has been in general practice for
several years in two different parts of Massachusetts,
and has had some experience in the Parental School of
West Roxbury where measurement of the boys was part of
his work. He is recommended to me by Dr. Bradford, Dr.
Soutter, a classmate of his and friend of Dr. Dane. He
wishes to make reservation that within 10 days he will
be able to give a definite answer as another position
has been applied for and not yet heard from.

I also wish to say that I have applied to
Professor Strong of the Department of Tropical Mediene
and Dr. Wolbach, Assistant Professor of Bacteriology, to
know if they have men available for such a trip. I am

March 28, 1914.

My dear Mr. Means:

My advice to you in regard to your career is as follows:

1. I should recommend that you complete this year at Harvard; 2, that you let me know how soon you will get through your last examination this June, and be ready to sail within a week after that to go at once to Cuzco, and spend five months as assistant to Mr. Erdis, our archeological engineer, who is acting as chief engineer this year; 3, return to Cambridge in January and complete your last half-year at Harvard, taking all the courses that you can get in history and Spanish; 4, spend the summer of 1915 either in the Harvard engineering camp learning topographical engineering, or in Peru; 5, go to New Haven in the fall of 1915 and enter the Yale Graduate School as a candidate for the degree of Ph.D. in history, choosing as your field Latin-America, and planning to spend three or four years in getting this degree, writing your thesis eventually on some topic in connection with the history of the Incas.

Now in regard to the financial arrangements.

A student doing this kind of work where annual trips were made to Peru, would cost us in the neighborhood of $2,000 a year for tuition, expenses, outfit, etc. Such a sum would include everything except living expenses in this country. At present, we have no scholarships yielding any money that could be devoted to this purpose; but if your father or anyone else were willing to give us $2,000 a year to be used for traveling fellowships in Peruvian archeology, I shall be very glad to appoint you as the holder of such a fellowship. Such a scholarship would contemplate your spending half your time in the field. This might be interpreted as six months a year, or as one year in New Haven and one year in the field, according to circumstances and depending on the progress of your studies. Of course, in the year 1915 when you would be at Harvard from the 1st of February until June, and only a few months in the field, $1,200 would be nearer right than $2,000. Furthermore, if you were an entire college year in New Haven, of course you would be no expense to us at all except the tuition; but on the other hand, if in the following year you were an entire year in Peru, the expense to us would be in the neighborhood of $3,600. As I have said above, the figure of $2,000 contemplates spending half your time in Peru at our expense, and half your time in this country at your own expense.

If this is not clear, or if you would like to discuss any details, I shall be very glad to go over the matter with you more fully. In conclusion, I like your attitude toward the work, and I believe you would make a useful member of our expeditions, and that your usefulness would constantly increase.

March 28, 1914

My dear Joe:

In reply to your request I am giving you below the qualifications which we desire in our surgeon:

We should like to have an agreeable chap who has done some rough-
ing it, and is able to turn his hand to photography, natural history,
and anthropometric measurements.

It is an attractive proposition for the right kind of man, but
the best men who are already in practise as a rule do not want to
leave their practise for that long, and I don't want to take a poor
man and entrust our lives to his keeping, nor do I care for a man
who has no hospital training. I had rather have a surgeon than a
physician. I had rather have a man who has had courses in tropical
medicine, and is interested in tropical diseases, if it is possible
to get such a one, although the region is a fairly healthy one. A
knowledge of Spanish would be most useful, and a fondness for collect-
ing natural history specimens would come in hand.

I would have to be gone from June, 1914, to October, 1915. We
shall probably be able to pay not only all his expenses, but an hon-
orarium of $1,000.

He would have to be gone from June, 1914, to October, 1915. We
shall probably be able to pay not only all his expenses, but an hon-
orarium of $1,000.

Sincerely yours,

Dr. Joseph Marshall Flint,
320 Temple Street,
New Haven, Conn.

March 28, 1914

My dear Win:

Thanks for your letter of the 27th.

It seems to me that it would be a good plan to have
the gun which has been sherardized stamped very plainly,
or branded on the stock, so that it cannot get confused
with the other guns. Then I can issue orders in regard
to this particular gun, so that it shall be taken into
the wettest camp, and will be sure to come out in Decem-
ber. I am afraid if it looks like the other .22s and has
no easily distinguishable mark, so that there can be no
question about it, the experiment might fail, owing to
the stupidity of some assistant.

Faithfully yours,

Winchester Bennett, Esq.,
Winchester Repeating Arms Co.,
New Haven, Conn.

March 28, 1914

My dear Dane:

Many thanks for the trouble you have taken,
and I am delighted to see that Dr. Emmons regards
the position as an opportunity for some man to go
from Harvard.

Possibly someone who has made a spadial study
of tropical medicine would be glad of a chance to
get into the real tropics.

I have promised to lecture at one of the pub-
lic lectures of the Harvard Travellers Club on
Wednesday evening, April 8th, and shall give my wu-
al talk on "Recent Explorations in the Land of the
Incas", and if you find anybody, I should be glad to
see him at that time. Furthermore, he could get a
good idea of the country.

Faithfully yours,

John Dane, M. D.,
29 Marlborough Street,
Boston, Mass.

Form 6
5,000-3-14

UNITED FRUIT COMPANY
STEAMSHIP SERVICE

TRAFFIC DEPARTMENT
17 BATTERY PLACE

F. H. DIETZ
GENERAL PASSENGER AGENT

NEW YORK, March 30, 1914.

P-91
IN REPLY PLEASE REFER TO OUR

Mr. Hiram Bingham,
Director - The Yale Peruvian Expedition,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

My dear Mr. Bigham:

I am in receipt of your letter of March 27 and as requested have reserved stateroom 26 on the Ss SANTA MARTA, scheduled to sail on April 15, and staterooms 36 and 37 on the Ss TENADORES, scheduled to sail on April 25. With respect to the reservation on the Ss TENADORES I wish to call your attention to the fact that all meals on this steamer are being served a la carte. The fare for the two staterooms reserved on the Ss TENADORES is $75 per berth from New York to Colon, meals extra.

I enclose herewith printer's proof of our Sailing List for the
next few months, which I trust will answer your purpose. I have been un-
able to secure for you a printed copy of the Sailing List of the West Coast
Lines so I had the enclosed copy made for you.

If there is anything further that I can do for you please do not
hesitate to call on me.

ds

enc

G.E.HODSON, PRESIDENT & TREASURER.
WINCHESTER BENNETT, 1ST. VICE PRESIDENT.
H.S.LEONARD, 2ND. VICE PRESIDENT.
A.I.WARD, SECRETARY.

H.F.BEEBE, ASSIST. TO THE PRESIDENT.
D.H.VEADER, CASHIER.
F.G.DREW, SALES MANAGER.
W.R.CLARK, ADVERTISING MANAGER.
I.L.LIPPENCOTT, TRAFFIC MANAGER.
A.W.EARLE, AUDITOR.

NEW HAVEN, CONN., U.S.A. March 30, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,
Drawer A., Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

My Dear Hy:-

I have yours of the 28th inst., in reference
to the sherardized rifle and will see that this is so
distinguished that it cannot become confused with the
other arms of this class which will be part of the
equipment of your expedition.

March 30, 1914

My dear Mr. Means:

In reply to your letter of March 29th:

Your son made a very favorable impression while he was here in
New Haven, and after consulting with the members of the Peruvian Ex-
pedition who met him, I am glad to say that we feel he will be able
to make himself very useful in a number of ways. We shall be glad to
have him sign a contract as an Assistant on the Expedition of 1914-15.

We shall endeavor to give him instruction in field work in archae-
ology and anthropology.

He seems to be unusually well qualified for so young a man to
take up seriously the study of the history of the Incas and other Peru-
vian aborigines. I was surprised to find how much he had read in the
works of contemporary writers like Montesinos and Gabcilasso Inca de
Vega.

I tested his knowledge of Spanish by giving him several pages of
Father Calancha's "Coronica Moralizada", 1639, to translate without
access to a dictionary, and was delighted to see how well he could handle
this difficult, archaic Spanish.

If his enthusiasm continues, and he applies himself faithfully
to historical, archaeological, and linguistic studies, he ought to be-
come a very efficient American archaeologist.

I should be glad to have him leave in June, at the same time that
we expect to dispatch the Surgeon of the Expedition, (about the 19th),
and have him accompany the Surgeon to Cuzco, where he would then be as-
signed to the Chief Engineer, E. E. Erdis, who was our archaeological
engineer in 1912. As Mr. Erdis's assistant, he should become thoroughly
acquainted with our methods of archaeological reconnaissance, and will
have an opportunity to visit a considerable number of ruins, and to
learn the Quechua language of the Indians.

Although Mr. Erdis and my Chief Assistant, Mr. Hardy, will remain
in Peru for the next year and a half, yoursenn would be permitted to
leave the Expedition on the first of January, and should be back in
Boston by the 22d of January. The cost of providing for all of his
expenditures during the seven months from June 19th to January 22d,
will amount to about $2,100. This may seem to you like a very large
sum, but experience on four expeditions has taught me that an allowance
of $10. a day for expeditions lasting four months or more just about

March 30, 1914

My dear Means:

I have just written your father that we shall be very glad to take
you on the Expedition, and have explained to him that the cost is about
$10. a day per man for expeditions of four months or over.

If you are to make the best use of your time, I believe that it
will be well for you to plan to sail on the 20th of June, and to get
back to Boston about the 21st or 22nd of January.

I have looked at the notes that you took on the designs, and I am
glad to see that you were able to make a good start. When you come down
here during the Easter vacation, I shall be glad to let you continue
the study of the designs in connection with the pottery itself.

With regard to the food: I do not think you will find any diffi-
culty in learning to cook any of the but if you want the experience
it will do no harm to practice. I am enclosing our Circular #12 in
regard to the preparation of food supplied to the members of the 1912
expedition. The new one is not ready yet, but it will not differ very
greatly, except in the addition of a number of Maggi's dried soups.
The main thing is to know how to cook in an appetizing manner the sta-
ples, like rice, oatmeal, erbswurst, bacon, and dried fruits. We shall
also take this time more dehydro fruits and vegetables than we had before,
and you might experiment with them. Please return this circular when
you are through with it.

I expect to lecture before the Harvard Travellers Club at Copley
Hall, Clarendon Street, on Wednesday evening, April 8th at 8.30 o'clock.
Perhaps your father would like to hear the lecture. I should be very
glad to meet him if you so desired.

In regard to books: I didn't have an opportunity to ask you what
you had read, but it would be a good plan for you to become familiar
with Bandelier's "Islands of Titicaca and Koati", the somewhat unreliable
Wiener's "Pérou et Bolivie", Markham's "History of Peru", published by
Sergel, Reginald Enock's "Peru", published by Fisher Unwin and imported
by Scribner, Holmes' "Archaeological Studies in Mexico", for method and
manner of presentation of reconnaissance work, and Winsor's "Narrative
and Critical History of America", volumes 1 and 2. I should also advise
your getting Markham's "Contributions towards a grammar and dictionary
of Quichua, the language of the Yncas of Peru", London: 1864, and also a
copy of J. H. Gybblet-Spilsbury's "El Quichua, gramática y crestomatía,
seguido de la traducción de un manuscrito inédito del drama titulado
Ollantay." Buenos Aires, 1897. You can probably secure these from some
dealer in second-hand books, such as Francis Edwards, or Quaritch.

March 31, 1914

It is very generous of you to be
willing to promise the $1,000 a year
toward the Expedition which I ventured
to ask you for.

Knowing as I do now you hate to
think of my going again to Peru, I ap-
preciate this all the more. It is a
great pleasure to feel that you regard
the work as having been a sufficient
success to justify the amount of sacri-
fice that it entails.

Had you come on the steamer on
which you first planned, I should have
been in New York to meet you, as I have
been holding that date against all other
requests in my diary. Unfortunately I
have promised to lecture before the Har-
vard Travellers Club on Wednesday, April
8th, so, although I am glad that you got
a better steamer than you otherwise
would have done, I am sorry that it pre-
vents my being able to go to New York
and have the pleasure of meeting you as
so many times in the past. Perhaps I
can send a substitute.

We have had a lot of colds this
winter, and tonsilitis has been partic-
ularly virulent in New Haven, but we
are now well out of the woods, and you

April 3, 1914.

My dear Dr. Giesecke:

As you will see from the above heading, we are hoping to continue our
geographical studies in southern Peru. We want particularly this time to study
the great glaciers of the Apurimac and Urubamba valleys in the vicinity of
Sallantay and Ollantaytambo. Professor Gregory and I do not expect to be able
to leave here until March of next year, but we are sending some topographers
under the general direction of Chief Engineer E. C. Erdis, down this spring to
prepare the maps for our use.

Besides geology, we shall continue our biology, archeology, and
anthropology, and I know that the University of Cuzco will be glad to hear
about our plans. I hope that the topographic party will reach Cuzco about
the 7th of May, and I should appreciate it as a very great favor if you would
cooperate with us; particularly by helping us to secure the necessary mules and
good pack-saddles. This was done on the last expedition by the house of
Lomellini; but it seems to me that it is more proper that it should be done by
the University if you care to cooperate with us in this very practical way.

We shall still expect to use Lomellini for many little favors; but if
you care to have some of your friends get together twenty or thirty mules for us
at an average cost of £12, including about half saddle mules, it would very
greatly further our work. I shall ask Mr. Erdis to report to you as soon as
he reaches Cuzco, and find out how great progress you have been able to make; for
I take it for granted that, considering the many kindnesses you showed us last
time, you will be willing to cooperate with us as far as you are able to do so.

If this request means too much trouble and time, more than you can
give to it, I would suggest that you turn the matter over to Lomellini, particularly
if you think that their feelings would be hurt if this were not done. We should
like to have some of the arrieros that we used last time, and to whom we paid
40 soles a month, sin mesa puesta. We expect to have one of our men make a
special study of Quichua, and if it were possible to get an intelligent Peruvian
assistant who is not afraid of hard work, such as carrying instruments, and
doing other menial labor required of engineers' assistants, involving a vast
amount of trudging about, climbing mountains, building topographic stations, etc.,
and who speaks Quichua, it would be of great assistance to us. We had one or two on
the last Expedition of that sort, and whom we paid the same as to the arrieros.
Professor Gregory has just published an interesting study on the rodadero, a copy
of which will go forward in a few days. I trust you have received safely the
various articles which have been sent you. I enclose a list of them, and if any are
missing, please let me know.

Dr. A. A. Giesecke.

Director.

FILE NO.

R. S. HULBERT

DIVISION ENGINEER

CONNECTICUT STATE HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT

POST OFFICE ADDRESS, STATION A, WINSTED

TELEPHONE 134

WINSTED, CONN. April 1, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Binghan,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir;--

I take pleasure in sending you a word of good will for Mr. C. F. Westerberg. He has been in my employ since last September and I have found him to be a young man of exemplary habits and of somewhat unusual ability. I have confidence that he will succeed in anything he may undertake.

CABLE ADDRESS
COMMUNITY
ONEIDA, N. Y.

CODES
A.B.C.4TH & 5TH EDITIONS
LIBBERS 1896 EDITION
WESTERN UNION CODE

ONEIDA COMMUNITY, LIMITED

EXPORT DEPARTMENT

ONEIDA, N.Y.

4/1/14.

Mr. Hiram Bingham,
Yale University and the National
Geographic Society,
Drawer A., Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:-

Yours of the 28th received, and we
are today entering an order with our factory for the traps
mentioned. These we will pack in tar-lined boxes and
furnish you weights, dimensions, etc. of packages, so they
will be all ready for reforwarding to Peru.

You do not state in your letter whether
you wish these traps shipped to New Haven, or some other
point, and we will await your advice on this point before
forwarding from the factory.

F.S.A.

April 1, 1914

My dear Mr. Marshall:

The Army officer whom I wanted as topographer has broken
his leg, and is out of commission.

Please be so good as to let me know when some of your
young men come back from Texas, whether or not they want to
be considered.

I still feel, as I told you in Washington, that we are
perfectly willing to pay the topographers what they get on
the Survey, and perhaps a little more, but certainly not more
than 15 or 20 dollars a month more than they are getting on
the Survey.

If they are not sufficiently interested in getting the
Peruvian experience for the sake of going at their regular
salary, we should prefer not to take them.

R. B. Marshall, Esq.,
Chief Geographer,
U. S. Geological Survey,
Washington, D. C.

Form 6
5,000-3-14

UNITED FRUIT COMPANY

STEAMSHIP SERVICE

NEW YORK, April 2, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,
Director - Yale Peruvian Expedition,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

My dear Mr. Bingham:

I am in receipt of your letter of March 31 and beg to advise that
the fares which I quoted in my letter of March 30 were Tariff fares from
which you will receive a discount of 50%.

Thanks very much for the return of copy of letter addressed to Mr.
Pollard, which was intended for Mr. J. J. Kelleher.

As requested I have cancelled the reservation of stateroom 26 on
the Ss SANTA MARTA AND have reserved stateroom 36 on the Ss PASTORES, sche-
duled to sail on April 18.

ds

April 2, 1914.

My dear Dr. Merriam:

Keeping in mind your interest in having mammals collected, I have at last succeeded in making arrangements to provide our field parties with traps, and have been so fortunate as to find that my chief engineer is an experienced trapper, having caught bear, fox, marten, and other fur-bearing animals in the Rocky Mountains and in Alaska. He will be fully supplied with all kinds of traps, and will be instructed to devote a considerable portion of his time to getting specimens of the mammalia of the interesting region in which our work is to lie.

It seemed to me better to put this work in the hands of an experienced trapper rather than to assign it to an ordinary biologist or to an inexperienced assistant. I trust this arrangement will be pleasing to you.

Now, I should be very much obliged if you would give me a full statement as to how the specimens are to be prepared so that they will be of the most use to you. You know how difficult it is to handle things in a rough, partially unexplored country, so I know you will not expect more than we can reasonably expect to accomplish; but if you will send us explicit instructions as to what parts of the animals you desire, and how you wish them preserved, you may rest assured that we shall do our best to follow out those instructions.

As Mr. Erdis will be in the field for nearly a year and a half, extending through two dry seasons and one wet season, he ought to be able to get a splendid collection of animals for you. He was two years in the Klondike, and has spent most of his time in and around the Rocky Mountains; having trapped in Montana, Wyoming, and Mexico. He will be well equipped with fire-arms beside the traps.

With kind regards, and hoping to get full instructions from you in the near future (I expect to have Mr. Erdis sail in about two weeks), believe me to remain

Dr. C. Hart Merriam,
1919 16th Street,
Washington, D.C.

April 2, 1914.

My dear Mr. Wyvell:

Thank you for your letter. Please tell the Secretary that we are very much obliged for the letters of introduction for Mr. Erdis and myself addressed to the diplomatic and consular officers of the United States.

I trust that he has been able also to write directly to the Minister in Lima, and I should be very much obliged if you would let me know whether he has written Minister McMillin about the Expedition.

I am sending you, under separate cover, a bound copy of the report of the Expedition of 1912, which I hope the Secretary will find interesting.

With kind regards, and many thanks, believe me
to remain

Manton W. Wyvell, Esq.,
Private Secretary to Hon. Wm. J. Bryan,
Washington, D. C.

BREEDERS OF
REGISTERED JERSEY
CATTLE
SHETLAND PONIES
BERKSHIRE PIGS

FERNWOOD FARM

J. H. PUTNAM, SUPT.

PRIZE WINNING
WYANDOTTES
BARRON
LEGHORNS
HAMBURGS

LITCHFIELD, CONN.

APr. 3, 1914

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

New Haven Conn.

Dear Sir: -

Mr. C. Frederick Westerberg worked for me for several years at odd times during his school terms and during vacations first as a small boy picking berries and later as assistant in my office assisting on the books and correspondence. He also, at times, had charge of a gang of "pickers".

I found him a faithful, honest boy of unusual capacity for anything he was set at, and I would back him to make good at almost anything he attempted.

I have the highest regard for his character and believe him to be above reproach in his habits and absolutely honest.

He writes that he hopes for a position with your expedition and I sincerely hope you will give him the opportunity and am sure he will not disappoint you in his work.

April 3, 1914

My dear Mrs. Vincent:

Word has just come from Washington that the memos from
Texas whom I hoped to get is not able to go. Accordingly
I have practically decided to take the Sheffield graduate of
whom I think I spoke to you, as Assistant Topographer.

I am looking now for an Assistant to put with him in
his camp.

They will have to work in conjunction with Mr. Bumstead
at first, until they get trained in. After that they will
work as a separate party. The position of Assistant in this
camp is vacant. I am not quite sure whether your son wishes
to qualify for this or not.

I shall be greatly obliged if you will let me know just
how the matter stands as soon as possible, as I am going to
Boston in a few days, and shall look up a man in the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology unless I get one here first.

Sincerely yours,

Mrs. George H. Vincent,
437 Humphrey Street,
New Haven, Connecticut.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WASHINGTON

TOPOGRAPHIC BRANCH

April 3, 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,
Yale University,
New Haven, Connecticut.

Dear Prof. Bingham:

I am authorized by the Director to inform
you that the case for an 18 x 24 inch planetable board
belonging to this Survey about which I wrote you on
September 6, 1913, has been received and I return
herewith your receipt for that and other articles
lent you in 1911.

(1 inclosure.)

EMD-MJL

April 3, 1914

My dear Dr. Hrdlicka:

I am enclosing two copies of the blank used by the
Surgeon of the last Expedition.

We have a large number of these blanks still unused,
and should be very glad to know whether, in your opinion,
they are worth keeping for future use or not. Your opin-
ion will be regarded as confidential, so far as Professor
Ferris is concerned.

We have not yet succeeded in getting a Surgeon for
the new Expedition, but it seems most probable that we
shall have a man from the Harvard School of Tropical Med-
icine.

After my last conversation with you I doubt the ad-
visability of having him spend much time on minute anthro-
pological measurements. What of these measurements are
worth having him take, if any?

With sincere regards, believe me to remain

Dr. Ales Hrdlicka,
U. S. National Museum,
Washington, D. C.

LAWRENCE HITCHCOCK
ROCKEFELLER BUILDING
CLEVELAND

April 3, 1914.

Mr. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Hiram-

I have been out of the city for the last three weeks and upon returning find your letter of March 10th enclosing plans for another Peruvian trip. I am pleased to note that you are starting out on another of these expeditions which in the past have been so successful, and certainly hope that this one will be fully as successful as the rest have been.

I notice your plan of financing and your own personal generous contribution towards this work. If you have some printed forms or something like that showing the plans of this trip I will be glad to send them around with a personal letter to some of the old Yale men in this city who might be interested in helping substantially in this matter, and fix it so they would get in touch with you personally in regard to furthering and assisting you in your plans.

If you get out anywhere near Cleveland again be sure and let me know and I will be most pleased to have you stay at our house. If you know of anyone in this section who would be particularly interested in this proposition, I would be glad to talk to them for you.

With best regards, I am,

April 3, 1914.

My dear Madam:

Knowing your interest in scientific research and also in
Yale University, I am venturing to write to you on behalf of the new
Peruvian Expedition.

Possibly you may have seen something of the results of the
work accomplished by the Yale Peruvian Expedition of 1911, and by the
Expedition of 1912, which was also under the auspices of the National
Geographic Society. The report of the latter, published in April of
last year, I am taking the liberty of sending you with this, so that
you may, if you desire, form an idea of the character of the work that
we have been doing.

Our knowledge of the distribution of the ancient tribes and
of the gradual formation of the Inca empire, based as it is on unsatisfactory Spanish chronicles, is very limited and uncertain. The historical
geography of Peru offers a series of problems of intense interest. They
include the origin of Machu Picchu, the relation of the monolithic to
the late Inca civilization, the migration of races, and the spread of the
ancient civilization. It is our object to make a map of ancient Peru,
showing the location of the early tribes, the growth of the Inca
influence, the extent of the Inca empire, and the steps by which this
extent was reached. Such a map would be of immense value in interpreting
and proving the early accounts, many of which I believe to be grossly
exaggerated. In order to make this map, a reconnaissance must be made of
all the ancient ruins in Peru. The ruins along the coast are fairly
well-known, and many of them have been extensively explored. But in
the Andes, owing to the difficulty of reaching many of the locations,
it is believed that a great deal of evidence still remains to be
collected.

It is proposed to base this map on geographic and archeologic
evidence. The two must go hand in hand in order that the one may interpret
the other. The character of the land formations in the neighborhood of
the ruins should enable something to be said in regard to the number of
people formerly occupying the region, the causes of the location of the
cities, buildings, and forts, and the reasons for their final abandonment.
An examination of the ruins, studies of the styles of architecture, and
of the artifacts and other remains that may be found fairly near the
surface of the ground, should eventually enable a classification to be
made which, in connection with physiographic, linguistic, and historical
studies, ought to result finally in unravelling the puzzle of the ancient
civilization of South America.

You will readily see that this proposal calls for a considerable
expenditure of time, effort, and money. In consulting with some of the men
in the National Museum in Washington, however, I believe that it can be
done by taking up various field units in Peru, so that each year will see
definite progress made toward a definite goal. It is our idea that each

(COPY)

April 3, 1914.

My dear Dr. Giesecke:

As you will see from the above heading, we are hoping to continue our geographical studies in southern Peru. We want particularly this time to study the great glaciers of the Apurimac and Urubamba valleys in the vicinity of Salcantay and Ollantaytambo. Professor Gregory and I do not expect to be able to leave here until March of next year, but we are sending some topographers under the general direction of Chief Engineer E.C. Erdis, down this spring to prepare the maps for our use.

If this request means too much trouble and time, more than you can give to it, I would suggest that you turn the matter over to Lomellini, particularly if you think that their feelings would be hurt if this were not done. We should like to have some of the arrieros that we used last time, and to whom we paid 40 soles a month, sin mesa puestas. We expect to have one of our men make a special study of quichua, and if it were possible to get an intelligent Peruvian assistant who is not afraid of hard work, such as carrying instruments, and doing other menial labor required of engineers' assistants, involving a vast amount of trudging about, climbing mountains, building topographic stations, etc.; and who speaks quichus, it would be of great assistance to us. We had one or two on the Last Expedition of that sort, and whom we paid the same as to the arrieros. Professor Gregory has just published an interesting study on the rodadero, a copy of which will go forward in a few days. I trust you have received safely the various articles which have been sent you. I enclose a list of them, and if any are missing, please let me know.

Dr. A.A. Giesecke,
University of Cuzco,
Cuzco, Peru.

April 4, 1914

Dear Sirs:

Thank you for your letter of March 25th
regarding the panniers which you are procuring
for us from Messrs. Silver & Co.

Thank you for rushing this order, as we
shall be glad to receive these panniers as
soon as possible.

Sincerely yours,

Messrs. Tiffany & Co.,
221, Regent Street,
London, W.,
England.

(Mr. Feavearyear).

April 6, 1914.

My dear Means:

The chronological chart which you sent is an excellent idea, particularly as it will eventually lead to one's being able to see at a glance the contemporary writers in any decade. To do this, however, a distinction should be made between the line representing the man's life, and that part of the line representing his literary activity.

As I said before, the idea is an excellent one, and I hope you will carry it out as fully as possible. I should like nothing better than to have in my office a chart of this kind, representing all the early chroniclers and writers who deal with Peru in the 15th and 16th Centuries.

Have you seen a work by Eric Boman, in two volumes, entitled: "Antiquités de la région Andine de la République Argentine et du Desert d'Atacama", (Paris, 1908), and Rivet's "Ancient Ecuador"? Both are excellent recent contributions to archaeological exploration at the extremes of Inca-land.

No copies of your signed contract have yet been received by me or the Treasurer's Office. Can it be that they were lost in the mails?

Mr. Philip A. Means,
Hampden Hall,
Harvard University,
Cambridge, Mass.

Cable, Barranco.

April 6th 1914.

Prof: Hiram Bingham

Yale University.

My Dear Professor,

Referring to yours of the 16th ult: just this
minute to hand.

You have doubtless received Mr Morkill's
reply. The message to Mr Campbell was accepted in Lima by the
opposition, we having, as you will remember, no connection with
Arequipa. No doubt Mr C. got it OK.

You may rest assured that it will always
give us great pleasure to render all the assistance in our
power. Of course we have to abide by law.

You see by newspapers that Peru is politio-
ally anything but settled but I do not think there will be
any big revolution.

I hope that my wife and I will be here on
your arrival, we look forward to seeing you.

With kind regards,

HARVARD COLLEGE OBSERVATORY,

CAMBRIDGE, MASS.

April 7, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham,

Drawer A, Yale Station,

New Haven, Conn.

My dear Professor Bingham:-

Your letter of April 6 is received. I shall be very
glad to co-operate in the matter of the wireless in the way you
suggest. As our work at Arequipa does not require accurate time,
an accurate time service is not maintained. We have, however, a
good transit and could determine each week the approximate error
of the time signals.

FEH

WAR DEPARTMENT,
OFFICE OF THE SURGEON GENERAL,
WASHINGTON,

April 7,1914.

My dear Professor Bingham:

Since you got the
detached service chest from us last time
the Judge Advocate General of the Army has
notified us that the loaning of Government
property in such way was illegal. We will,
therefore, not be able to grant your request
for this year.

I am much obliged for your
kind congratulations.

Mrs. Gorgas is here in
Washington, and joins me in kindest regards.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

WASHINGTON

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR

April 7, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Connecticut.

Dear Professor Bingham:

In reply to your letter of April 1:

Mr. Marshall informs me that he interviewed the young man who has been working in Texas during the past winter and this young man also declined the offer to accompany the Peruvian Expedition. Mr. Marshall telegraphed you April 3d that he had no additional suggestions to offer and I too am at loss for further recommendations for this position. I appreciate all the arguments you raise in support of the contention that the offer should appeal to our men, and I am sorry that I can not send you a more encouraging reply.

Yours very truly,

FORM-C12-10M-12-H2

CONTRACTS AND EXPORT SALES
G. V. SULLIVAN

Austin, Nichols & Co., Inc.

Dear Professor Bingham:

The various items of your orders have now been assembled, measured up and cases ordered. We expect to begin packing the cases tomorrow morning, and to have those which were ordered to be ready on the 13th inst. duly in readiness by that date.

If, during the next few days, you are in New York, I should be very glad if you will favor us with a call so that you may have ocular demonstration that the same care in packing is being exercised as heretofore.

FOREIGN DEPARTMENT

CODES:
LIEBER'S,
SCATTERGOOD'S, WESTERN UNION,
A B C 4TH EDITION,
A B C 5TH EDITION,
ARMSBY'S 1907,
ARMSBY'S 1909.

New York, April 8, 1914.

OFFICERS AND
DIRECTORS

LEWIS E. PIERSON
President.

THOMAS M. McCARTHY
Treasurer.

HAMPDEN HALL
CAMBRIDGE

April 9, 1914.

My dear Dr. Bingham:

It is a pleasure to be able to inform you that the third con-
tract, together with the proper check, is now on its way to the Treasurer
of Yale University.

Dr. Hiram Bingham
Station
Drawer A. Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut.

April 10, 1914

My dear Mr. Ives:

I am sending you by express
a number of my slides which will
need to be carefully gone over by
you and put in good shape again.

The slides got wet without my
knowledge, and some of the moisture
seems to have penetrated between
the two layers of glass. The amount
of water is so small as to be in-
visible until the slide is in use
in the lantern, when the heat makes
it into steam and gives the picture
a blurred, smoky appearance.

I do not dare to trust this
work to anyone less skilled than
yourself, so I am sending them to
you. I shall need them by the af-

OFFICE OF
ESTATE OF E.H.HARRIMAN

475 FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK CITY

April 9, 1914.

Mr. Hiram Bingham,

Drawer A. Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:

Replying to your communication
of April 3rd addressed to Mrs. Harriman,
I am requested to say that the subject
referred to is not one in which she is
interested.

April 11, 1914.

My dear Mr. Minister:

The Chief Engineer of the exploring expedition which is
being sent this year to Peru by the National Geographic Society
and Yale University, expects to sail from New York on Wednesday,
April 15th. Hisname is Ellwood C. Erdis.

I should esteem it a great favor if you would give me letters
of introduction for him which will facilitate his securing from
the proper authorities in Lima the necessary permits.

As I have written you before, we are not asking for any special
favors, but desire to operate under the Executive Decree applying
to expeditions of this character.

As you know, it will greatly facilitate the smooth progress of
the Expedition if the Government sends orders to the Collector of
the Port ofollendo to pass our outfit through the customs house,
and orders to the Prefect at Cuzco to facilitate the work of the
Expedition as far as possible.

It has happened before that the presence of a soldier or mount-
ed gendarmes with the exploring party has done a great deal to pre-
vent any difficulties from arising owing to the ignorance of the
mountain Indians, and I hope this can be granted in the future.

If it is possible for you to send letters of introduction to
me for Mr. Erdis by return mail, I shall be very much obliged.

With kindest regards to Madam Pezet and yourself, and trusting
that you are enjoying good health, believe me to remain

Sincerely yours,

To His Excellency,
Hon. F. A. Pezet,
Peruvian Legation,
Washington, D. C.

1919 SIXTEENTH STREET
WASHINGTON, D. C.

April 11, 1914.

Dear Professor Bingham:

Your recent letter arrived in the midst of the annual session of the American Ornithologists' Union, in connection with which I have been occupied from 8:30 every morning till nearly midnight. Hence please pardon my delay in replying.

It is good that you are going to have some one this year who will do what he can in the way of collecting mammal material, since everything collected will be of importance to the Museum.

It would be well worth while for this man to come to Washington, if only for a day, to see how modern museum material is prepared. If he cannot do this, he should at least visit the American Museum of Natural History in New York where Dr. Frank M. Chapman or Mr. Roy Andrews will be glad to show him how field specimens look when properly prepared.

Hereewith I am sending you Circular 49 of the Biological Survey, containing directions for preparing specimens of large mammals in the field, and I have asked Gerrit S. Miller, who has charge of the National Museum Collection, to send you his directions and to write you

Prof. Hiram Bingham #2

concerning the most important features of the work. I will
merely add therefore that every specimen of mammal, skin
or skull, particularly skull, is worth saving, and that a
considerable proportion of the mammals of the region may be
expected to be new. The Andean Bear is one of the special
desiderata, and skulls of both sexes and various ages should
be secured if possible. And it might be added that of all
species, including the commonest, a number of skulls should
be collected whenever possible in order to show the range
of variation in the species.

F-10M-12-142

CONTRACTS AND EXPORT SALES.
C. B. SULLIVAN.

Austin, Nichols & Co., Inc.
IMPORTERS, MANUFACTURERS,
WHOLESALE GROCERS,
NEW YORK.

WORKING DEPARTMENT

New York, April 11, 1914.

OFFICERS AND
DIRECTORS

LEWIS E. PIERSON
President.

HARRY BALFE
Vice President &
Genl. Mgr.
THOMAS M. McCARTHY
Treasurer.

Professor Hiram Bingham,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

Dear Professor Bingham:

I have yours of the 10th and am very sorry to hear that you have
been under the weather. Trust you will have improved by the time these lines
reach you.

The cases are practically all ready for shipment and we will ship
four of them as requested on Tuesday. Unless I hear from you to the contrary,
I will understand that this shipment should consist of cases #1 to #4.

Kindly advise by return mail whether you wish to have expressed to
you one of the cases in the series #1 to #15 or one of the lettered cases in
the series A to E, and such case as you may instruct will be sent to you by
express promptly upon receipt of your reply.

With best wishes for your speedy restoration to good health and
condition, I am

Consulate General of Peru
New York

April 13 1914.

Hiram Bingham Esq., Director,

Yale University And The National Geographic Society,
New Haven, Conn.

My dear Professor Bingham:-

I own receipt of your favor of the 11th inst, and in accordance with your request am mailing you under separate cover schedule of the sailings of The Peruvian Line.

In reply to your enquiry as to whether the United Fruit Company's steamers sailing from this Port on Wednesday's, make good connection with my Company's Line, I beg to advise you that the United Fruit Company's steamers take 7 days from this Port to Panama, and as The Peruvian Line's sailing dates from Panama are every Monday, the United Fruit Company's vessels leaving here on Saturdays make the best connection.

Trusting that this will give you the desired information, I beg to remain,

F. B. Vandegrift & Company,
Custom House Brokers, Attorneys, General Forwarders.
Marine and Fire Insurance Brokers.

Foreign Express to all parts of the World. Cartage, Weighing & Storage attended to.
Drawbacks collected on Exports. Passports procured.

NEW YORK
15-25 WHITEHALL STREET.

Members New York Maritime Exchange.

Publishers Vandegrift's United States Tariff.

TEL {6751} BROAD.
6753
6754

Cable Address:Vangriff, New York
A.B.C. Code used.

NOTICE - All rates quoted by us are for immediate use and
are subject to change without notice.

New York, Apr. 13th, 1914 191

In reply refer to 161794

South American Exploration Fund,

23 Lampson Hall,

New Haven, Conn.

Gentlemen:

We have received from our shippers in London E/L for
2 cases of Japan Mule Panniers which they have shipped on the
"St. Paul" in our care for your account and to be forwarded
to your address. We shall ship same in bond under immediate
transportation entry from New Haven, where you can arrange Customs
clearance and delivery. We are shipping these goods on a proforma
invoice and call your attention to this so that you will substitute
correct one prior to making entry of these goods at your port, and
soliciting your further favors, we beg to remain,

JM/ABP

Form 6
5,000-1-14

NEW YORK, April 14, 1914.

IN REPLY PLEASE REFER TO OUR

Mr. Hiram Bingham,
The Peruvian Expedition of 1914-15,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:-

S.S. "SANTA MARTA" - APRIL 15
S.S. "PASTORES" - April 18

We are in receipt of your wire today advising us that Mr. E. C. Erdis will not sail on the "SANTA MARTA" tomorrow and have in accordance with your instructions made reservation for the "PASTORES" sailing Saturday the 18th.

We enclose herewith ticket form 171-5197 reading from New York to Colon calling for lower berth in Cabin 35 on the "PASTORES" Saturday also Panama Railroad order 2188 calling for one ticket from Colon to Balboa.

We ask you to kindly return to us immediately ticket reading from New York to Colon form 171 - 5195 and railroad order 2187.

We attach herewith new bill to the amount of $128.50 to cover cost of transportation from New York to Callao. You will note the new ticket we are sending you from New York to Colon is valued $37.50 and the meals from New York to Colon are extra.

The order for the ticket you now hold from Balboa to Callao you will please retain.

awaiting the pleasure of your further communications, we beg
to remain

ck
encs.

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

MEDICAL SCHOOL

Boston, Massachusetts

April 14, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham,
Drawer A,
Yale Station, Conn.

Dear Sir:-

Since seeing you at the Harvard Travelers Club
I have run across another possible candidate as
physician for your expedition to Peru. I am not
authorized to apply for him for the position until he has
two or three days to consider it, but I write in order
that you may know there are other possibilities.

This man, Dr. George Benet, was born in South
Carolina in 1888, is a graduate of the University of
Virginia and of the Harvard Medical School. He is now
a medical house-officer at the Peter Bent Brigham
Hospital here in Boston. He is a particularly pleasing
southerner and I believe would answer all the require-
ments that you have suggested, and would prove a wide-
awake, interested member of your expedition. He has
been a scholarship man, and I consider him a most
favorable man for the position should he decide to apply.

I do not expect an answer to this letter as
I shall write you in a few days should Dr. Benet wish me
to.

FORM-C12-10M-12-H2

OFFICERS AND
DIRECTORS

LEWIS E. PIERSON
President.

THOMAS M. McCARTHY
Treasurer.

New York, April 14, 1914.

My dear Professor Bingham:

I have yours of the 13th and will express to you at New Haven, one
of the cases referred to.

This afternoon I have your telegram reading, - "await letter before
sending food boxes to dock", and doubt not this refers to the 4 boxes ordered
by yours of the 10th to go to the Steamer Santa Marta for Mr. Erdis. These
boxes were just about to leave on a truck for the steamer, but we have not held
them up awaiting further instructions which will doubtless be with us tomorrow
morning.

I presume this telegram means that you do not want any goods to be
sent to the Steamer Santa Marta and as the steamer sails at noon tomorrow, it
would be close work to get them to her tomorrow morning.

This morning's mail brings me letter from Mr. Johnson saying that the
"food packages" are to be delivered on the forenoon of April 24th to the S. S.
Tenadores as personal baggage. Doubtless these instructions include all the
remainder of the orders. The distribution of the whole lot would, therefore,
be as follows:-

4 Cases #1 to 4, instructed for steamer Santa Marta, but now held pending further instructions.

1 case #5 to you at New Haven
20 Cases #16 to 35 ) All to go on the 24th inst. A. M. to
20 Cases #36 to 55 ) S. S. Tenadores.
5 Cases A to E )

I am restating this in detail so that there may be no mistake and
am sending a copy of this letter to Mr. Johnson.

I trust all will be found correct.

Yours truly,

FORM-012-10M-12-H2

CONTRACTS AND EXPORT SALES
G. B. SULLIVAN.

FOREIGN DEPARTMENT

OFFICERS AND
DIRECTORS

LEWIS E. PIERSON
President.

New York, April 17, 1914.

Dear Sir:

Referring to your instructions covering the several orders for
Food Supplies, we will deliver all orders now in our possession to the S. S.
Tenadores.

We wish to call your attention to our favor of April 14th in which
an error was made in stating the number of cases. Cases #6 to 15 were left
out, but we will deliver this lot with the others mentioned in our favor of
that date, making a total of 59 cases.

We have talked with the Passengers' Department of the United Fruit
Co., and they say they will instruct their receiving clerk on the pier to ac-
cept this delivery, so there should be no further occasion to communicate with
you.

We are enclosing herewith meat inspection certificates ,-

#380425,- 15 Cases #1/15 (this includes the one case sent to New Haven)
#380427,- 20 Cases #16 to 35,
#380428,- 20 Cases #36 to 55,
#380424,- 5 Cases A to E

as we believe certificate of inspection is required by the customs authorities
in Peru.

Believing that you will find the execution of your orders to your
entire satisfaction, we remain

6 Encs.

April 17, 1914.

My dear Mr. Campbell:

Professor Pickering writes me that he will
be glad to have you cooperate with us in receiving
wireless time signals. Mr. Bumstead leaves next
week, and is taking down an apparatus for the
Observatory. He ought to arrive on Wednesday, May
13th.

If it is convenient for you to entertain
him at your house for a day or two, it would greatly
facilitate the setting up of the apparatus and
getting the signals which are to be sent out in
the evening.

With kindest regards,

Professor Leon C. Campbell,
Harvard College Observatory,
Arequipa, Peru.

[COPY. Original sent to Mer. Erdis)

CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANICAL RESEARCH

Coastal Laboratory, Carmel California Desert Laboratory, Tucson, Arizona

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.

April 18, 1914.

Dr. Hiram Bingham,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

My dear Doctor Bingham:

I have been very much interested in the work you have been doing in Peru, and was glad to learn some time ago that you are planning to continue your work there. I have just met Mr. Erdis, who tells me that he will start for Peru next week.

I expect to leave here with my wife about the first of June, going to Lima and then farther south into Chile and back into Bolivia. My work, however, is purely botanical, and I am especially interested in the Cactaceae, being sent under the joint auspices of the Carnegie Institution of Washington and the New York Botanical Garden. As the Cactaceae are chiefly in the deserts, I hardly expect to get into the country in which your people will be at work, although from what I know of the country, and from what Mr. Erdis tells me, there are some curious Cacti in the higher parts of Peru. I am enclosing a note which I came upon yesterday of a curious thing.

It is not at all unlikely that some of your people might be able to collect some very strange plants which would be of great use to me. Would you be good enough to mention my need to them when writing to any of them again? The cactus plants do not require any preparation, the only thing is that they should be put into a box or basket so that they will not be crushed, and so that the air may haveready access to them, and yet the plants kept dry. If these could be collected while I am in South America, I could bring them back with me; but if they are not collected until my return -- I expect to be gone some four or five months -- they should be snet addressed as per enclosed labels, charges collect, by steamer freight.

I am planning to write a monograph on the Cactaceae of America for the Carnegie Institution of Washington, and any information that you can obtain for me will be of great assistance in this work.

April 18, 1914.

My dear Doctor Bingham:

It is not at all unlikely that some of your people might be able to collect some very strange plants which would be of great use to me. Would you be good enough to mention my need to them when writing to any of them again? The cactus plants do not require any preparation, the only thing is that they should be put into a box or basket so that they will not be crushed, and so that the air may haveready access to them, and yet the plants kept dry. If these could be collected while I am in South America, I could bring them back with me; but if they are not collected until my return -- I expect to be gone some four or five months -- they should be sent addressed as per enclosed labels, charges collect, by steamer freight.

1697 31st Street, N. W.,
Washington, D.C.,

April 18, 1914.

Professor A. T. Gregory,
Yale University,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sir:

Through the kindness of Mr. F. E. Matthes, your name was
given to me as the proper man to communicate with in regard to the
work which you are carrying on in Peru. Mr. Matthes told me
that you had been looking for some men, and I herein submit my
assets for your consideration, and I hope, approval.

I have had about eight years experience in civil engineering,
particularly in surveying and attended the George Washington
University, but did not graduate. In the surveying line, the
only line in which my assets would interest you, I believe, I
have had the following experience. I was with the engineering
corps of the District of Columbia as chairman and transitman for
two years and a half; with the Florida State Engineers as transit-
man for about a year; with the Miami Engineering Construction
Company as assistant engineer for one year; with the First Clark
Construction Company as assistant superintendent and engineer for
two years; and with Barclay- Parsons & Klapp as chief of party
for about a year.

During my term with the District of Columbia I was transit-
man on a detail topographical survey of a very broken tract of
land in Virginia. Aside from this, the work was regular city

work of the most accurate nature.

While with the Florida State Engineers I was at work laying
out the canals on the Everglades Drainage project. While on this
work, I made a topographical map for the location of one of the
canals through the coastal ridge.

My chief work, while with the Miami Engineering Construction
Company of Miami, Florida, was a drainage system which was design-
ed for a sixty thousand acre tract on the east coast of Florida.
On this work, we used a plane table for most of the topography.

My work with the First Clark Construction Company was more in
the executive line, but I had charge of all the engineering work
of the company. While with Barclay-Parsons & Klapp, I was chief
of party on a large survey in Cuba. This was a location topo-
graphical and outline survey of a tract of about one hundred and
fifty kilometers long and about twelve wide. While on this job,
I had charge of the party, which consisted of transit party, level
party, and about twenty to twenty-five ax men and packers. This
work was very isolated and the country rough where trails were
impassable for horses and all supplies had to be packed in twenty
and thirty kilometers.

I have handled practically every instrument connected with
surveying, including precise levels, theodolites, plane tables
and the more common instruments. I am not a finished and artistic

draftsman with the plane table, but I can produce results. I am
familiar with astronomical and solar observations for latitude,
longitude and asimuth. Having lived for many years in Guatemala
I read, write and speak Spanish and am thoroughly familiar with
Spanish labor. I might also add that I am not affected by high
altitudes, having lived at over <u>fourteen</u> thousand feet above sea
level.

I have had most of my work in isolated places, so that I
know how to handle camps, order supplies and have a sufficient
knowledge of practical medicine to handle the ordinary camp acci-
dent, having set bones and treated poisonous snake bites.

In regard to the salary, I understand that the position which
you have open will pay about eighteen hundred, with expenses in
Peru; but understand that this is subject to increase with length
of service. I might add that for the past year, my salary has
been three thousand dollars a year and expenses.

This letter has been written very much in detail at the sug-
gestion of Mr. MMathbe, and I trust that it will meet with your
approval. I will be glad to furnish any additional information
which you may desire.

I am twenty-six years old and have lived in the open most of
my life, and am used to hardships.

CODES
A.B.C. 4th & 5th EDITIONS
LIEBERS 1896 EDITION
WESTERN UNION CODE

ONEIDA COMMUNITY, LIMITED

EXPORT DEPARTMENT

ONEIDA, N.Y.

April 30, '14.

Yale University & National Geographic Soc.,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

Gentlemen:—

We this morning received your letters of
the 16th and 17th, and immediately called the Division
Freight Agent on the 'phone and he has promised to do
all possible to have the traps for your Peruvian
Expedition reach New Haven in time to meet your require-
ments. Had we known that you were leaving so
soon, we would, of course, have forwarded the consignment
via. express and thus assured early delivery.

We can assure you that we will follow the
matter vigorously from this end, and will let you know
as soon as any report is received from the Railroad
Company.

F.S.A.

A. S. L. SHIELDS,

ATTORNEY-AT-LAW,
OFFICES, BETZ BUILDING, BROAD AND SOUTH PENN SQUARE,
200, 201, 202 AND 203, SECOND STORY FRONT.
PHILADELPHIA.

TELEPHONE No. FILBERT 4330-4331

Philadelphia, April 21, 1914.

Dear Sir:

I have read with interest the notice in to-day's paper of your intended trip to South America. I have long wished to take just such a trip as you are going to take, and thinking that you might require a stenographer, I am herewith offering you my services in that capacity.

I am at present employed by A. S. L. Shields, Esq., who will highly recommend me for this position. The official court stenographers of this city will also recommend me as to my ability and experience as a stenographer.

Trusting this offer may be favorably entertained by you, and awaiting an early reply, I am

(Address)

1940 North 23rd St.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

April 21, 1914

My dear Dr. Rose:

Your letter of April 18th is very interesting, and I am
glad to learn that you are planning to go to South America
on a botanical exploring expedition.

It was a very fortunate thing that you met Mr. Erdis, as he
is quite interested in certain kinds of cactus.

The note which you enclosed seems to have slipped out in the
mails. I am sorry, as I am curious to know what it was about.

I shall be very glad to try and have our members try and
collect some specimens for you, and I should suggest that you
communicate with Mr. Erdis in Cuzco before you leave for the
States on your return journey.

I fear, however, that, unless you can send us more detailed
instructions as to what kinds of cactus plants you want, and
how large they should be, it would be rather difficult for us
to please you.

If you could come to New Haven before you leave, I should
be glad to show you some of our pictures, which occasionally
contain glimpses of cacti.

I sincerely hope that we can be of service to you.

Sincerely yours,

P.S Mr. Erdis's address is: Ellwood C. Erdis, Care of Cesar Lo-
mellini & Cia., Cuzco, Peru.

Dr. J. W. Rose,
Department of Botanical Research,
Carnegie Institution of Washington,
Washington, D. C.

FORM-012-10M-12-142

CONTRACTS AND EXPORT SALES,
G. F. SULLIVAN.

FOREIGN DEPARTMENT

OFFICERS AND
DIRECTORS

LEWIS E. PIERSON
President.

THOMAS M. McCARTHY
Treasurer.

New York, April 22, 1914.

Professor Hiram Bingham,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

My dear Professor Bingham:

By this mail I have sent to Mr. Johnson bills for the 59 cases which we are to send to the S. S. Tenacres on Friday. If you desire copies of these bills, you can obtain them from him as we sent them in quadruplicate.

I believe the only change which we had to make was that in cases A to E, where you had requested us to put in some Franco American Veal and Green Peas, we found this article not to be obtainable at this season of the year, and therefore, substituted Franco American Braised Beef à la Jardinière, which will, I trust, be sufficiently different from any other article included in these cases to give the desired variety.

I am very glad to know by your favor of the 18th that on examination of the case sent to you at New Haven, you found everything satisfactory. By the way, will you please hand one copy of the bill for this case to Mr. Johnson, as we have not sent him any copy of same.

Herewith please find a master key controlling all the pad-locks, which you may find convenient to have.

I sincerely hope that you are again in good health, and with best wishes, remain

G.E.HODSON, PRESIDENT & TREASURER.
WINCHESTER BENNETT, 1ST. VICE PRES.
H.S.LEONARD, 2ND. VICE PRESIDENT.
A.I.WARD, SECRETARY.
T.G.BENNETT, CONSULTING DIRECTOR.
H.F.BEEBE, ASST. TO THE PRESIDENT.
D.H.VEADER, CASHIER.
F.G.DREW, SALES MANAGER.
W.R.CLARK, ADVERTISING MANAGER.
I.L.LIPPENCOTT, TRAFFIC MANAGER.
A.W.EARLE, AUDITOR.

JC 16

NEW HAVEN, CONN., U.S.A. April 22, 1914

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Bingham:-

Yesterday I received an invitation to attend
the National Foreign Trade Convention, in Washington, Wednes-
day and Thursday, May 27, and 28th, 1914, with your card
enclosed.

I very much appreciate this courtesy but regret to
state that my engagements will prevent my being present in
person. Might I ask if this invitation was intended for me
personally or for the Company, and, if the latter, would it
be permissible for me to appoint a substitute to accept in
my place?

April 22, 1914

My dear Mr. Minister:

Your kind letter of April 20th has given me a great
deal of pleasure indeed.

In the first place, please accept my hearty thanks
for your kindness in reporting my remarks before the Ar-
chaeological Society to your Government; in the second
place, I am very glad to receive through you the letter
from Dr. Manzanilla, Minister of Foreign Affairs, show-
ing the fact that the Peruvian Government approves my
warm acknowledgment of the cordial assistance which they
have rendered our expeditions, and the fact that I real-
ize our work could not have been done without this coöp-
eration on their part; in the third place, it is a great
pleasure to have the letter signed by Dr. Manzanilla, -
an old friend who was a fellow Delegate with me to the
First Pan American Scientific Congress in Santiago, Chile.

Mr. Erdis, Chief Engineer of the new Expedition, sailed Saturday, and three other members of the topographical party will sail this coming Saturday and go straight through to Cuzco.

Mr. Erdis received safely your letters of introduction,
and was very grateful for them.

Please accept my sincere thanks for all you have done
to favor the cause of scientific exploration in Peru.

With kindest regards to Madam Pezet and to yourself,
believe me to remain

Faithfully yours,

Form 6
5,000-1-14

UNITED FRUIT COMPANY

STEAMSHIP SERVICE

NEW YORK, April 23rd, 1914.

IN REPLY PLEASE REFER TO OUR

Mr. Hiram Bingham,
Director, The Peruvian Exposition of 1914-15,
Drawer A, Yale Station,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Sirs:-

We are in receipt of your telegram today and have very much pleasure in enclosing herewith tickets form 171 Nos.5233, 5235/6 calling for Cabin 36 and lower berth in Cabin 37 on the above steamer to Colon issued in favor of Messrs. A. H. Bumstead, Osgood Hardy and C. F. Westerberg.

We are also attaching P.R.R. order No.2257 calling for first-class transportation from Colon to Balboa and P.P.O. 2073 from Balboa to Mollendo, Peru. Please fill out and return the attached blank.

The through rate each person is $153.50 which does not include meals on our steamer from New York to Colon.

We are also enclosing tags and labels for use in connection with their baggage and advise the steamer will sail promptly at 12:00 o'clock Noon from Pier 16, East River, foot of Fulton Street.

Thanking you very kindly for this valued business, beg to remain

fk
enc.

April 27, 1914.

Dear Bumstead:

Professor Gregory tells me that he has talked over with
you the instructions for topographers, and that you have taken
a copy, and that it was understood that for the present year
the field sheets may be prepared on a scale other than 1:48,000.

Thinking that you may like to have another copy to turn over
to Mr. Westerberg, I am sending it herewith.

I have approved these instructions, and hope that you will be
able to carry them out without difficulty. It is expected that
you will do Grade B work over most of the country which you cover,
only resorting to Grade A as indicated, i. e., for terraces in
leys, moraines in glaciated areas, lava flows in volcanic regions,
stream fans at mouths of canyons, and the channels of distributars
ies on such fans if such fans are large enough.

I will not say more at the present time, because I do not want
to correct any impressions which you received from Professor Greg-
ory, and I desire to have you proceed so far as possible according
to the ideas you had from him.

For the first two or three months Westerberg had better attempt
to make maps of Grade B.

After again looking at the blue print field map which we marked
I am inclined to believe that we made good decisions, with the pos-
sible exception of C. F. W. Nos. 3 and 5. I think it will be bet-
ter for us to confine ourselves for the present more strictly to
the region between the Urubamba and the Apurimac, getting only as
much of the outside bank of each river as can conveniently be done
without penetrating the outside region on lateral expeditions.

In other words we hope to get the course of both rivers and a
moderately good map of the country in between the rivers, and as
much of the country outside of the rivers as can conveniently be
drawn without going into it.

Sections C.F.W. 3 and 5 when done should be done as Grade C
work.

Trusting that you will not have too many insuperable difficult-
ies, and that you will enjoy good health, and assuring you of our

COASTAL LABORATORY, CARMEL, CALIFORNIA

DESERT LABORATORY, TUCSON, ARIZONA

Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C.,

April 27, 1914.

Dr. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Doctor Bingham:

Your letter of April the 21st came duly to
hand, and I thank you very much for giving your permission to have
the various members of your party look out for Cacti for me. I
shall write to Mr. Erdis before I leave the United States and shall
try to keep in touch with him during my stay in South America.

I expect to be in Lima, Arequipa and about Lake Titicaca, but
I hardly expect to go back into the Cuzco region, although from
recent readings on that region, I find that there are there some
very remarkable Cacti.

I am sorry that my little slip seems to have been left out.
I shall send this to you later, as I have since found a photograph
which seems to help identify the plant.

I shall be glad indeed to see your pictures, and it is possi-
ble that I shall try to go on to New Haven some time Wednesday, if
I can arrange a conference with you, and can also see Professor
Bowman. I have to be in New York City Thursday, Friday and Satur-
day, where I have a conference with Dr. N. L. Britton. If I can

April 27, 1914.

My dear Cushing:

I was delighted to get your letter, and I should
be very glad indeed to have a talk with your Dr. Morton.
I haven't the slightest doubt from what you say that
he is just the man we sant, but for his own good, as
our own, I should like to have a talk with him before
making a definite decision.

We had hoped to get a man who could leave on the 20th
of June, but for the sake of getting such a good man as
this, we should be perfectly willing to wait until the
first of July. Would it be possible for Dr. Morton to
come to New Haven for an hour or so, or cannot you spare
him that long?

As the time is getting short, I am anxious to make
final arrangements as soon as possible, and I cannot tell
you what a relief it is to have you speak so highly about
this man, and to find that he has a real interest in go-
ing to South America. Such a large percentage of the
young doctors with whom I have talked merely are inter-
ested in the money side, and, as we cannot make that
particularly attractive, and must rely on a genuine in-
terest in going into a new and unexplored country, it
has been disappointing.

We should hope that Dr. Morton would be able to sail
from New York on the 20th of June, or, if that were in-
possible, then on the 4th of July, (unless he could sail
on the 27th of June). We should expect to pay all of
his expenses during the entire time of his absence, should
expect him to remain with the Expedition until our return
to New Haven on the first of October, 1915, and should
pay him an honorarium of $1,000. I realize that this is
very little for such a long service, but, as I have inti-
mated above, we are not offering attractive salaries to
anyone, and expect our members to have a sufficient inter-
est and joy in going into a new country to feel well paid,
quite apart from the money side of it.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Cushing, believe me to remain

April 28, 1914.

My dear Hardy:

The enclosed slip, which has just been given me by a friend, reminds me that I should have cautioned you that, for the sake of the National Geographic Society, we should be particular to mention the fact that this is not a Yale Peruvian Expedition. They feel rather sore on the subject, and as they are putting up half the money, they naturally desire to get what recognition they can out of this expedition.

There is no objection to small items of this kind, provided proper attention is given to the fact of the Expedition's real name. Considering the way the material has been marked, I doubt whether there will be any liability of the same mistake being made in Peru, but still, it is well to be on one's guard.

I hope you are having a pleasant journey. By the time this reaches you, it will probably be all over. The more I think about it, the more I become convinced that if you take pains to perfect yourself in Quichua, you will be able to be of great service to the cause of Peruvian exploration.

You also have to be on your guard, your temperament being what it is, to be doubly careful about getting things straight. Professor Charles Upson Clarke spoke to me at the club about his conversation with you in regard to Porto Rico, and he seemed to feel that you had a tendency to be inaccurate, and, at the same time, over-positive. If you make an impression of this kind on a man like Professor Clarke the first time you see him, I am sure you will appreciate the necessity of overcoming this tendency. Your lack of accurate scientific training in such subjects as physics and chemistry, which require the most painful exactitude, is likely to be a considerable handicap to you for some time to come. But, now that you know that this lack exists, I am sure that by setting your mind on it, and keeping it there, you can eventually overcome this stumbling-block to progress.

With kindest regards,

Faithfully yours,

Director.

Day Letter. Western Union.

Dr. J. N. Rose

Smithsonian Institution, Washington.

Shall be very glad to see you Wednesday and hope you can spend
the night. May I invite Professors Bowman and Gregory to lunch
or dinner with you Wednesday or Thursday.

Charge to Exp.

April 28, 1914.

Dr. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Doctor Bingham:

I find it will be impossible for me to be
in New Haven to-morrow; but as I expect to be at the New York
Botanical Garden Thursday, Friday and Saturday, it is possible
that I might come up Thursday or Friday evening for a short con-
ference. If this will be convenient for you, will you please
send me a note in care of Dr. N. L. Britton.

Could you also call up Professor Bowman and arrange for
me to see him for a half an hour the same evening?

April 28, 1914.

Dr. Hiram Bingham,

My dear Doctor Bingham:

Although I wrote you this morning that I
would not be in New Haven to-morrow, I think I can get away to-
night and shall reach New Haven at 11.45 tomorrow morning. I
shall be very glad indeed to have Professors Bowman and Gregory
lunch with us Wednesday noon.

I want to see especially some of those photographs of Pro-
fessor Bowman's, about which Doctor MacDougal has been writing
to me. Also I want to talk with you about my work in Bolivia
and Peru.

If there are any changes in my plans, I shall wire you
in the morning from the Belmont Hotel, New York City.

April 29, 1914

My dear Dr. Rose:

I have gone through most of our pictures taken on the last two
Expeditions, and am disappointed to find that we have no more good
pictures of cacti. Unfortunately, no one asked us to be on the
look-out for different species. Nevertheless various forms of cac-
tus occur incidentally in quite a number of our pictures, and I am
having a package made up from our study collection and sending them
to you by express for your inspection.

Possibly you may get some idea out of them of the kind of thing
that may be found in the vicinity of Cuzco and Ollantaytambo.

As I was brought up in Hawaiian Islands I have been famil-
iar with cacti of various kinds all my life, and I have never seen
a region that had so many as that in the immediate vicinity of Ol-
lantaytambo.

It does not occur in profusion much below 5,000 feet above sea
level in the Eastern valleys, though I have seen a gigantic cactus
growing forty and even fifty feet high on the road in the Urubamba
Valley at an elevation of about 4,000 feet above sea level.

Small varieties occur at great elevations, as one learns when
one sits down on an apparently open space on the ground, at an ele-
vation of about 12,000 feet.

I am sure it will pay you to go at least as far as Ollantay-
tambo, and we should be very glad to be of any possible assistance
to you in any of your camps. You would be sure of receiving a warm
and cordial welcome. I expect to have two camps in the mountains
not far from Ollantaytambo for the next two or three months, but
they will not be in a good cactus country.

Trusting that you can make something out of the pictures, and
that you will return them at your convenience, believe me to remain

Faithfully yours,

Dr. J.N. Rose,
Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D. C.

April 29, 1914

My dear Means:

We have appreciated your hearty aid and assistance while we
were in the throes of getting packed and dispatched. Although you
may not feel that you were able to do very much, it was very im-
portant that you should see how things are done at this end and
should learn the game from the beginning up. It is always important
to know the fundamentals, and to train one's hands to do the rough
work, for there is a great deal of rough uninteresting work in ex-
ploring, and those who can turn their hands to the greatest variety
of things successfully are most sure of achievement in the end.

I was sorry not to be able to see more of you during your few
days in New Haven, but the things that I wanted most to have your
learn were in connection with the packing and dispatching. These
seem relatively easy to a beginner, and it is not until one has been
through an expedition or two that one realizes the importance of
doing these things in a first-class and shipshape manner.

I am sorry that you did not get down to the "Tenadores" early
enough on Saturday morning to see the freight put on board, and to
get acquainted with the baggage-master, with whom you will have to
deal later.

One of the things which you will have to learn apparently, (and
now I am judging by what I saw and heard of you during your few days
in New Haven), is the importance of finding out for yourself what re-
mains to be done, and doing it without repeated definite instructions.
You were a little too much inclined to conclude that your work was
finished, and to come to me for instructions when, as you discovered
afterwards, it would have been better had you made sure that every-
thing which you as an assistant could do, had been accomplished.

It is not by asking questions that one discovers many of the im-
portant things to do. It is by using one's eyes, and one's head. The
best will in the world is of little avail unless one has the ability
to find out for one's self important things to do, and to seek to
achieve them. "He means well" is a poor substitute for "He seems to
know what to do and does it."

With kindest regards,

W. R. GRACE & Co.

NEW YORK AREQUIPA
SAN FRANCISCO LA PAZ
SEATTLE VALPARAISO
LIMA SANTIAGO
CALLAO CONCEPCION
PIURA VALDIVIA

GRACE BROTHERS & CO., LTD.
LONDON AGENTS

Cable Address, "GRACE"

Lima, 29de abril de 1914

Sr. Don J. Louis Schaefer

c/o W.R.Grace & Co.

New York

Muy respetado Sr. Schaefer:

Hiram Bingham

He tenido el agrado de recibir su atta. carta del 20 del mes pasado, cuyo contenido he leido con todo interés, pues soy grande partidario del profesor Bingham, y por lo tanto, de sus importantes exploraciones en este país.

Puedo asegurar á Ud. que hará todo lo posible por cooperar al éxito de la nueva expedición y en ese sentido estoy dispuesto á proceder. Desgraciadamente no considero el momento oportuno. Ud. sabe muy bien por las noticias que se han trasmitido de aquí, que la situación de la actual Junta de Gobierno es únicamente transitoria y que mientras no se defina con toda claridad la actual política y tengamos un gobierno legalmente establecido con sus Cármaras legislativas en función, cualquier esfuerzo que hicieramos en favor de la expedición, sería completamente inútil. Creo más, que ninguno de los actuales Ministros ó sea miembros de la Junta de Gobierno, cuya existencia en el puesto, como digo, es precaria, se atrevería á dictar disposición alguna á este respecto. Parece cosa resuelta, según lo declaran los diversos partidos políticos, que el Congreso convocado para el 15 de mayo se reunirá y que entonces quedará resuelto el problema político. Éstimo que solo entonces me será

W. R. GRACE & CO.
LIMA

posible iniciar mis gestiones ante el nuevo gobierno constituido
y el éxito en gran parte dependerá de la persona encargada del Mi-
nisterio de Fomento y también del Jefe del Estado. Mientras tanto y
para generar tiempo voy a tratar el punto con algunos particulares
que podrían ayudarnos ó que podrían ser también un obstáculo para
la realización de este proyecto, como sucedió con la última expedi-
ción del Profesor Bingham y de lo cual supongo habrá Ud. tenido
noticias por este mismo caballero.

Por las razones expuestas comprenderá Ud. que por el mo-
mento no es posible hacer mucho y que tendremos forzosamente que
esperar hasta después del 15 de mayo. En cuanto esté en condiciones
de poder hacer algo , cumplirá gustoso con comunicarse.

Mientras tanto me permito presentarle mis respetos y ofre-
cerme

De Ud. obsecuente servidor

P. A. M. - 4.

ing to these matters you would have the opportunity of getting thor-
oughly acquainted with the practical side of exploration and its dif-
ficulties. Also that you would have an opportunity to become profic-
ient in the sue of the Quichua language, that you would have an op-
portunity to study the habits of the Indians and to acquire the infor-
mation in regard to numerous archaeological remains which, as you
know, are widely scattered over Southern Peru.

I learn from Mr. Erdis that you have already had an opportunity
of visiting a considerable number of ruins. It would only be by
faithfully following him and later Mr. Hardy in their work that you
could expect to become thoroughly acquainted with our methods of ar-
chaeological reconnaissance.

Mr. Erdis writes that you are extremely slow and have got a
great deal to learn; that you are willing and cheerful, but very ab-
sent-minded, and require constant attention.

I cannot understand your willingness to quit so early in the
game, especially as I wrote to you on March 30th: "I appreciate very
much your spirit of wishing to make yourself useful on all sides. I
want to remind you that there will be a great deal of drudgery for
you to do on this first trip in particular. As the Chief Engineer's
Assistant, you will have to be really his slave, - do his cooking
and any other chores that may be assigned to you, develop his photo-
graphs, run errands, carry wood and water, and all the hundred and
one things which in Peru the Indians do for the Peruvians, but so
badly and inefficiently that we expect our white assistants to do
them for us.

"Some fellows find it hard to do menial labor where nobody but
Indians ever do that sort of thing, and the Assistant on the 1911
Expedition was a fellow of that sort, and, although, he was loyal, it
was extremely difficult for him to bring himself to the point where
menial labor and drudgery were done with good will and voluntarily.
A great deal depends on a fellow's spirit, and he did not take the
right attitude toward things in Peru.

"I believe that you will. (Incidentally, if I did not so believe,
nothing would induce me to take you along; or to send you, no matter
how much money was put up for that purpose. The game would not be
worth the candle!) The reason why I am willing to have you as an
assistant on the Expedition is that you appear to me to be seriously
in earnest about choosing American archaeology as a career, and your
earnest desire to begin at the bottom and do everything necessary to
make yourself an authority on the history of the Incas."

Apparently you did not realize what beginning at the point meant, nor have you appreciated the opportunities that have been given you to get thoroughly acquainted with the descendants of the people over whom the Incas ruled.

On April 29th I wrote to you: "It is always important to know th

September 24, 1914

My dear Hardy:

I have been very much interested in your Journal, the carbon copy
of which has arrived from time to time. I have looked over your ex-
pense account, and it seems to me in very good order.

I want to assure you how greatly we appreciate your loyalty and
the earnest efforts you have made to get along comfortably with Mr.
Bumstead and enable his maps to go ahead as fast as possible.

It has been a great disappointment to me, and a very great sur-
prise to both Mr Gregory and myself that the surgeon whom we picked
out as a fine fellow who would stick to the Expedition through thick
and thin should have been willing to resign before he had been in the
country two weeks. I never imagined, nor did any of those who met
him, that he would turn out to be a quitter and to have "cold feet".

I have had a long talk with Mr. Gregory about the situation. It
is impossible to secure a surgeon for the Expedition at the present
time without offering a far higher rate of wages than would be justi-
fied, and even then it is doubtful whether we could get the right kind
of a man, for the sort of doctor who would go for higher wages is not
the kind who would make himself fit into the hardships of an expedi-
tion.

Westerberg will return this fall with Mr. Bumstead or Mr. Ander-
son, or whenever Mr. Erdis sends him back. That will leave only you
and the Sub-Director during the winter months. I trust that it will
not worry you to have no surgeon in the field. You can go to Cuzco
or Arequipa if your health requires the services of a good physician.
We believe that the Italian doctor in Cuzco is a thoroughly capable
man and there are one or two fairly good men in Arequipa. I hope that
nothing will occur to force you to seek medical assistance.

I expect now to leave for Peru in the latter part of February or
early in March, as originally planned. I expect that Dr. Eaton will
accompany me, and that Mr. Gregory will come along a little later. Mr.
Gregory has had a bad summer and has not gotten along with his book
as well as he expected. He had to go to California on account of ill-
ness in his wife's family and then had to go to the Navajo country.

Professor Bowman has completed his book, and Dr. Ferris's is
nearly done. My own work has been very much set back by the severe
illness which I had in Honolulu. I had two operations on my nose and
two on my right ear, and narrowly escaped the serious mastoidal opera-

Mr. Hardy: 2.

tion, which would have laid me up for four months. For three days
the surgeon expected to operate, but I managed to escape it. The
shock of the operations and the amount of drugs that I had to take
left me in a very weak condition, so that I was good for nothing for
a month after I got well and I am only just beginning to get back my
strength. It is still impossible for me to do any sustained work. I
shall have to take it easy this fall, and may not be able to finish
the Machu Pichu book.

Your article has at last appeared. Miss Kirkpatrick sent you
several reprints. It makes a good showing and ought to encourage
you for the future.

I am sorry that the Quichua is not going as fast as you hoped.
There is no question that it is a terribly difficult undertaking to
master Quichua. I know of no living American who has done it. I
hope you will be the one. I doubt very much whether you acquire a
fluency in it until you have cut yourself off for several months
from Spanish- and English-speaking people. I still believe that Oll-
lantaytambo offers the best place for you to settle down to a study
of the language between the time of the departure of the topographers
and the arrival of the new recruits in the spring. The climate of
Ollantaytambo is much more pleasant than that of most towns where they
apeak Quichua to any extent. Furthermore you have there a telegraph
office and a post-office and are at no great distance from Cuzco.

I shall suggest to Mr. Erdis that you and he each take a two
weeks' rest at the sea-shore some time during the winter. I suppose
it would be pleasanter for you to go together, but I should prefer
that you go separately, so that there would always be someone fairly
near Cuzco and the mules and outfit.

While you are in Ollantaytambo I should suggest that you try
and get as a personal servant or body-guard some intelligent Quichua-
speaking Indian and take him on trips around the ruins and in the
vicinity. In this way you can keep in good physical condition and
at the same time get considerable practice in Quichua.

As the great European war progresses there seems to be less and
less reason for supposing that there will be any further difficulty
about getting exchange on London, so that we ought not to have any
trouble in getting money in Cuzco.

I am sorry that Means didn't pan out better. I never had very
high hopes of him, although I felt that with his enthusiasm and his
good will he might possibly succeed in becoming a useful member of
some future expedition. But unfortunately he has proved to be a
quitter and has chosen to believe that he was misinformed as to the
plans of the Expedition. Of course the minute a man gets cold feet
he begins to persuade himself that he has all sorts of good reasons
for wanting to quit, and that it is all the other man's fault. Such
men never accomplish much in life. It is the men who stick on through

tock and thin, as you and Joe Little did in 1912, taking what comes
in a spirit of loyalty and determination, that eventually conquer all
obstacles and achieve success. There is nothin like an expedition
to bring out what is in a man. None of us are sufficient mind-readers
to know beforehand what other people are thinkin of. Dr. Meserve
lays great stress on the fact that he was given to understand that Mr.
Gregory and I were going down this fall. How he could ever have got-
ten such an idea beats me. He evidently had it in his head and never
asked anyone, so that it never got contradicted. So also with, Means;
I told him over and over again that he would have a hard uninterest-
ing job, but that if he learned the technique of exploring and learned
some Quichua and how to camp, that he might make a useful assistant in
the future. He said "Yes, sir", "Yes, sir", but apparently all the
time he was picturing himself doing archaeological work entirely.

It certainly does not speak well for Harvard that the two Harvard
men on the Expedition should turn out to be rapid quitters, whose
signed and pledged word is of no permanent value. I am mighty glad
that the backbone of the Expedition has not been broken and that the
principal work has progressed as rapidly as the weather would permit.
It must have been very hard for Mr. Erdis to have three out of his mix
men want to go home,

Believe me to remain, with sincere regards

Mr. P. O. Hardy,
Care of Ces. Lomellini & Cia.,
Cuzco, Peru.

THE PERUVIAN EXPEDITION OF 1914-15

UNDER THE AUSPICES OF

YALE UNIVERSITY AND THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY

HIRAM BINGHAM,
DIRECTOR

DRAWER A. YALE STATION, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

September 4, 1914.

Dear Mr. Bingham:

Your telegram arrived this morning. I have forwarded
it to Hall, together with the bills needing his O. K. This
I sent special delivery to be sure that Hall got it in time
to meet the Bay State Limited.

The rest of the mail I am sending by ordinary first-class mail to Umbrella Cottage.

Mr. Lyman, of the Union and New Haven Trust Co., called
up on September 2nd, saying that a note of $6300 of yours
had fallen due on September 1st. He did not seem to under-
stand something in connection with it. I told him that I
knew nothing of your personal affairs, but that you were ex-
pected in New London on Monday, the 7th. He inquired if I
intended communicating with you there, and asked me to men-
tion this in my letter.

The work has gone extremely well this summer. Both Miss
Wrigley and Miss Thompson are quick and conscientious workers,
and have finished up in a very thorough and satisfactory way
all the work laid out for them.

Mr. Bowman's manuscript has all been copied and returned
to him, and he has expressed himself as much pleased at the
way in which it was done and the promptness with which it was
returned.

Miss Wrigley has completed the following pieces of work:
Index to Raimondi's Cuzco sheet.

Arranging and copying Miss Feeley's index to the Machu Picchu
book.

Searching all likely books in this collection for desired
place names.

Copying three or four chapters of Mr. Bowman's MS.

Filing duplicate photographs in the study collection. (This
when she ran out of other work. It took about a day and
a half.)

Finding and indicating on typewritten description sheets the
place of finding of the pins, knives, and disks.

Index to all places within a hundred miles of Cuzco. (She is
still at work on this.)

(2)

Miss Thompson has completed the following:

Heading, arranging, and filing something over 2,500 L. C. cards.

Making five extra copies of the circulars for the use of new members of the Expedition.

Attending to mail in my absence. (Three weeks so far).

Copying about half of Mr. Bowman's MS.

Addressing three sets of reprint envelopes, in all.

Helped sort clippings, and pasted up to date all the scrap books.

(Clippings from Sept. 1, 1913, on, and some earlier ones.
A big piece of work.)

Wrote labels for Little's pictures.

Filed about 100 glass plates at Library.

Miss Carroll has been away for about four weeks of the summer.
While here (about 2 1/2 hours a day) she has done the following work:

Nearly finished stamping the bookplates or rather title pages with the South American Exploration Fund stamp.

Put new labels on about five sections of books.

Put in envelopes, stamped, (both ways) and put in inserts in all the reprints mentioned above.

Pasted on labels on Little's pictures, both album and study collection set.

Pasted labels on extra photographs which I had mounted for the miscellaneous photo collection.

Stamped and arranged all South American newspapers and Consular bulletins as they came in.

Ran errands.

I have taken care of the mail, ordered the necessary supplies, O. K.'d the bills, done the filing, etc. and assigned and supervised the work of the others.

Copied about one third of Mr. Bowman's MS.

Catalogued about 1,000 titles.

Made a card index of the miscellaneous photographs, and labeled arranged and numbered these.

Helped sort the clippings.

Taken care of incoming reprints.

Have gone over the whole library, shifting and arranging exactly by number, though keeping the scheme as you had it. The arrangement was badly disarranged and the books very badly out of order, especially outside your office. Went all through the mass of miscellaneous mixed material which was jumbled in the hallway as you go downstairs, arranged and classified it all. It looks infinitely better, and is a great relief to know just what we have. One large set of Peruvian Government documents which had been removed hastily from your office and piled up at the end of this mixed material has been shifted down to the end of the Peruvian Government document material, so that it now stands behind the outer door, as you enter from he main hall. My brother did this heavy shifting for me, and arranged carefully the

(3)

three sections which he had to shift to accommodate these
documents. In the section back of the desk I used to oc-
cupy I have shifted the material so that as one enters from
the outer hall two full sections of well arranged books
meet the eye instead of miscellaneous material, piles of
reprints, boxes, etc. All this stuff is now in the sec-
tion directly back of the desk. There were a great many
boxes and other things cluttering the floor and the tops
of the filing cases. I have sorted the material in these
and arranged them on shelves, so that the floor and filing
cases are now free of unsightly piles of things. Also
cleared up the material below and behind your desk, and had
my sister help me put labels on all the books in your office
and carefully arrange the Velasco books in there, so that
with the exception of the cataloging in there, which I am
now at work upon, I will not need to do any work in your
office to disturb you after your return. I expect to have
all the books in there catalogued before you return for the
winter. My brother helped in arranging the big volumes of
the "Comercio" etc., behind Miss Feeley's desk and along
that wall, as these were too heavy for me to handle. I am
now working out my new scheme of numbering under the Dewey
Classification for the books, and shall have it ready for
application by the time you return. I have told what I have
done to the Library rather at length, so that you may know
where my time has gone.

I have had but three of the four weeks which you said I might
have, and should like to take the other week a few days at a time
during September, if you do not object. I should like to have about
three days of this, (any three) next week, unless you are planning
to use my services here then. Miss Thompson is here.

Please let me know as to this.

HARVARD COLLEGE OBSERVATORY,
AREQUIPA STATION,
AREQUIPA, PERU, S. A.

September 4, 1914

Professor Hiram Bingham,
Director. Yale Expedition.
New Haven, Conn. U. S. A.

My dear Sir:-

Under separate cover I am sending you the copies of
records and original instrument records recently sent to me by
Mr Barber. They are for the months of April, May, June and July
1914, and include barograph, thermograph and sunshine records.
as well as the daily readings of the other several instruments.

The wireless signals come in very well, and are now being
received nearly every night. If Mr. Bumstead gets the same sig-
nals at all frequently, he should be able to have very good values
of the errors of his timepieces.

Has the peruvian financial situation handicapped your
expedition in the field as much as it has me? I have been able
to use only five percent of my bank deposit during the past month
and that is really very little. I understand the paper money of
any sort will not be accepted here at any consideration. If matters
do not improve soon, I shall be in rather a tight hole.

-2-

Many thanks for your recent paper on the question of the Monore Doctrine. Since the war, there is much talk of looking to the States for the new market, but one can not tell how much of it is hot air. I sometimes wonder if it is all due to our Monroe Doctrine that the South Americans have such a hatred towards the Vanquis, if it wasn't that, would they not find some other excuse? You would be amused at the attitude the Arequipanians take over the war. One day they are all for the Germans, but next the French, and then another, the English. To me it appears that they like to be on the winning side, and my guess is that they will fall all over themselves when the war is over to curry favor with the victors.

With kind regards, believe me,

OFFICERS
L. M. DILLMAN, PRES'T
A. V. BARNES, V. PRES.
C. F. BATT, TREAS.
JOHN ARTHUR GREENE,
SECRET

DIRECTORS
H. T. AMROSE, CHAIRMAN
R. S. BALDWIN
A. V. BARNES
C. D. BARNES
C. P. BATT
G. W. BENTON
W. B. THALHEIMER
L. M. DILLMAN
FRANK R. ELLIS
JOHN ARTHUR GREENE
W. W. HILL
A. C. SHINKLE

New York
Cincinnati
Chicago
Boston
Atlanta

American Book Company
(Incorporated in New York)

Publishers of School and College Textbooks

100 Washington Square, New York

EDITORS' ROOMS

September 8th., 1914.

Dear Sir:-

In preparing illustrations for a new school geography we are anxious to get a good photograph showing a ruined Inca City. Among the pictures published on your article on Machu Picchu, in the National Geographic Magazine for April 1913, are several views that would fit our need. A good general view of the city, like the frontispiece or the cuts on page# 409 - The Sacred Plaza, page 438 The Outer Wall, page 511 The North Side of Machu Picchu.

If you can loan us any one of these photographs for reproduction, we will appreciate your courtesy very much.

LSW/C

September 8, 1914.

My dear Dr. Meserve:

I have just finished reading your letter of resignation for the second or third time, and cannot begin to tell you how disappointe I am in your desire to leave the Expedition without a Surgeon, merely because the members of the Expedition were not ill and did not have an intention of being ill, and the natives had not begun to come to you for treatment after you had been in the country for two weeks!

I have cabled you twice, stating that your resignation could not be accepted, and that it was impossible to fill your place. The number of available surgeons was very small anyway, and this has been still further diminished by the war in Europe.

I cannot understand how a man would be willing to sign a contract and agree to stay a definite length of time to insure the health of an expedition, look out for sanitation and any problems that might arise, and then be willing to throw up his job merely because he was not as busy as he hoped to be.

You were given an opportunity here in New Haven to ask plenty of questions and to meet members of former expeditions. You gave me to understand that your chief reason for wishing to go was to have the experience of going on an expedition into an unknown land before settling down to practice. You evidently got frightened at the start and felt justified in breaking your solemn written contract. You must have known had you stopped to think, that we did not send invalids on expeditions and we hope everybody will be well. The Surgeon goes in the nature of insurance, - to provide for accidents and emergencies and unforeseen difficulties in the way of health.

I cannot but hope that by the time this reaches you you will have come to look at the situation in a different light from that when you wrote your letter of resignation. I supposed of course, when I go your telegram resigning, that you were called home by reason of person incapacity, and not because you did not find quite as much practice as you hoped.

It is certainly not to the credit of Harvard University that two Harvard men on this expedition should have both so speedily come to the conclusion that they wanted to quit and not had the grit and gumption to stick it out and make the best of what they considered a bad thing.

So far none of the plans of the Expedition have been material. altered since you were in this office. I told you that Dr. Eaton and

Dr. Meserve: 2.

expected to leave in February or March, and that is still our int
tion. Dr. Gregory will leave as soon thereafter as possible; he
hopes to get away in March, but may not be able to leave as early
that.

You certainly gave none of us here the impression that you
were going to South America to get experience in medicine. You ga
us all the impression that you simply desired experience in explor
in strange lands and going through the various phases of an expedi
tion.

I can only repeat that it is my belief that when you come
think this matter over you will not leave the Expedition without a
Surgeon. If you do, and some accident happens or illness develops,
and some member of the Expedition loses his life because the Surgeon
had deserted, I do not see how you can possibly evade the personal
responsibility for such an event.

You gave us the impression here that you were the kind of a
man who could be depended on and not a quitter, and I trust that ci
cumstances may prove that we were correct.

Dr. Edwin A. Meserve,
Care of Ces. Lomellini & Cia.,
Cuzco, Peru.

UNDER THE AUSPICES OF

HIRAM BINGHAM,
DIRECTOR

DRAWER A, YALE STATION, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

September 14, 1914.

Dear Mr. Bowman:

The Sievers book, which is volume 8 of "Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Gesellschaft für Erdkinde zu Leipzig", does not appear to be in the Yale Library, - at least the attendants could not locate it this morning.

I saw Mr. Schwab about it, telling him why you wanted it speedily, and he is going to borrow the copy belonging to the John Crerar Library.

Being a German publication and published in 1914 I imagine that owing to the war and the consequent disturbance in the German book market it might prove a long task to secure a copy after ordering. Still Mr. Schwab is going to order a copy for the Yale Library also.

As soon as it comes I will pay the charges from the Expedition fund and bring the book to your office.

W.R. GRACE & Co.

NEW YORK

SAN FRANCISCO      VALPARAISO
LIMA                SANTIAGO
CALLAO             CONCEPCION
AREQUIPA           VALDIVIA

LA PAZ

GRACE BROTHERS & CO., LTD.
LONDON.

CABLE ADDRESS "GRACE"
HANOVER SQUARE
P.O.BOX 286

NEW YORK September 23rd 1914.

Prof. Hiram Bingham,

Yale University,

New Haven, Conn.

My Dear Prof. Bingham -

I am just in receipt of your letter of September 19th, which reached me this morning, and am glad to hear that you have received the Alvistur Collection.

I have been away in Germany for a few months and only returned recently, so I have not followed up this matter.

I will be glad to carry out any instructions that you wish to give me with reference to the balance of the goods.

JLS./CK.

September 23, 1914.

Dear Sir:

Replying to your inquiry of September 16th I would
say that no maps of Machu Picchu have yet been published
and no further printed material on that city. Under sepa-
rate cover I am mailing you copies of various papers
which have been published concerning other phases of the
work of the Expeditions in Peru since April 1913. Some
of these refer to the work of the 1911 Expedition, some
to the work of the 1912 Expedition.

Please let me know if you care to receive reprints
on other than archaeological subjects.

Rev. C. J. Hunt,
1026 West Waldo Ave.,
Independence, Mo.

September 23, 1914.

My dear Mr. Means:

I have delayed replying to your letter of resignation of July 31st until I could have an opportunity of going over my correspondence with you and your father relative to your going to Peru.

You say: "I have come to Peru full of eagerness to do good and valuable work in Peruvian archaeology. I find that after the date mentioned [between the first and fifteenth of September, 1914] this work will be seriously interfered with by the rainy season, by trapping, and by meteorological work, as, indeed it has already been interfered with by the necessity on Mr. Erdis' part of acting as commissionariat to two widely separated camps. Here I may remark that I had no idea of the existence of such ends as trapping and meteorology; I thought that the main work of the expedition, at least as far as Mr. Erdis and I were concerned, was to be archaeology. Therefore, inasmuch as my work after September would be even more broken into by outside affairs than it has been up to now, I shall leave Cuzco with Dr. Meserve in the first half of next September, the exact date to be cabled to you later. Regretting the necessity of having to write this resignation, I remain," etc.

Let me reply to this point by point.

You say you went to Peru "full of eagerness to do good and valuable work in Peruvian archaeology", and that you "thought that the main work of the Expedition, at least so far as Mr Erdis and you were concerned was to be archaeology". The whole tenor of your letter is that you were encouraged to go to Peru on false pretenses. You were not told of the plans of the Expedition apparently, and your eagerness to do valuable work in Peruvian archaeology has been seriously interfered with by various matters.

I should like to review our correspondence from the beginning for the sake of getting this matter definitely on record, as it is a very serious matter to be accused of encouraging you to go to Peru under false pretenses. I shall pass over for the present the fact that you came to the decision to quit the Expedition before you had been in the field more than two weeks, and long before you were in any position to judge whether the training which we designed to give you as an assistant would benefit you in the career which you had mapped out for yourself. You apparently got frightened at the start by the climate and the stories of the rainy season, and were so anxious to leave the Expedition that you were not ready to take your

P. A. M. - 2.

chances of getting what you could out of the country. But let us
glance over the correspondence relative to your going to Peru.

In the very first letter which I wrote to you I said that I
should be glad to see you, but continued: "It might be well for
me to give you a few facts first, which may make a difference with
your wanting to go. In the first place, I do not expect to go to
Peru myself until a year from now. The six or seven men who are
going down this spring are generally engineers, who will be making
maps of the region, but doing very little archaeology. Only one ar-
chaeologist, Mr. Erdis, who was superintendent of the work at Machu
Picchu in 1912, is going down this spring, and he will have general
charge of the whole party so that he does not expect to do much ar-
chaeology until I arrive. If you really intend to go into archaeolo-
gy, and want to go with us to Peru, it might be best for you to come
to New Haven for the first half of next year, and study the Incas
and do some work in Inca pottery in our workshop, at the same time
continuing your study of Spanish, and fitting yourself to be a very
valuable assistant to go down with us a year from now. It would al-
so be extremely wise for you to study surveying, particularly plane-
table work. Anyhow, I shall be very glad to see you."

If you will read this over carefully you will see that we planned
to do very little archaeology, and that not even Mr. Erdis expected
to do much archaeology until I arrived in the spring of 1915. I did
not advise your going to Peru, but suggested your studying and fit-
ting yourself to be a valuable assistant to go a year from now.

You say that you had no idea of such ends as trapping and meteor-
ology. Had you read carefully the plans of the Expedition, which
were published in this country before you left, and which I think you
must have seen, you would have observed that the collection of mam-
mals and the taking of meteorological observations were part of the
plans of the Expedition. I do not see how you can say that you thought
the main work of the Expedition was to be archaeology, as in the very
first letter I wrote you I said that the six or seven men who were
going down this spring "are generally engineers" who will be making
maps of the region, but doing very little archaeology." I called your
attention also to the fact that Mr. Erdis would have general charge
of the whole party and could not expect to do much archaeology till
my arrival.

You complain that your archaeological aspirations have been in-
terfered with by the necessity on Mr. Erdis's part of acting as "com-
missariat to two widely separated camps," and yet that is precisely
what I told you he would be doing in my first letter.

In my first letter to your father (of March 20th) I told him
that I did not like to take very young assistants, and had never but
once had anyone under twenty-four years of age. I told him that the
qualifications that we desired for our assistants were ability to

use Spanish, experience in field work, engineering parties, map working and the like, and experience in roughing it, handling horses, mules, cooking, and packing. Nothing more was said about desiring assistants to do archaeological work or who had had experience in archaeological work. In my various conversations with you I have no recollection of encouraging you to believe that you were to do archaeological work in Peru this season, but that you were to prepare yourself as assistant for another season when I should be going down myself.

Over and over again I warned you that the work was dull and uninteresting, that it would consist chiefly of cooking and camp routine, and warned you that once before an assistant had become disappointed because he was not taught what he expected to be taught, and told you that in his case also I had repeatedly warned him that the work of an assistant was anything but interesting.

In your letter to me of March 22nd you say that you have had very little experience in field work, engineering, map making, and the like, and that this is what you chiefly wish to gain under my direction. In my letter in reply to this you were warned that we would do little archaeology and that I was not going down this year.

You little realize how useless a man is in the field who has had such a small modicum of actual experience in exploration as you have had. This expedition was to give you your opportunity to show what kind of stuff you were made of. I remember telling you in my office that I did not like to risk taking assistants in my own parties who had not already demonstrated their ability to be good cooks and good camp assistants.

You seem to feel that your training in archaeology and anthropology was going to be all in connection with ruins and excavations. I suppose you had no realization of the fact that nearly three-fourths of my own time in Peru is given up to matters not strictly archaeological or anthropological. When I wrote your father on March 31st that we should endeavor to give you instruction in field work in archaeology and anthropology, and that as Mr. Erdis's assistant you would become thoroughly acquainted with our methods of archaeological reconnaissance and would have an opportunity to visit a considerable number of ruins and to learn the Quichua language of the Incas; I had no idea that you could suppose, after what I had written you in my first letter to you, that you were to spend all your time in archaeology, or that the main work of the Expedition was to be primarily archaeological. Field work in archaeology and anthropology incur a vast amount of drudgery, such as experience in handling mules, experience in handling Indians, ability to get across country rapidly, and ability to handle pack-animals. It is perfectly conceivable that an archaeological assistant doing field work in archaeology and anthropology should only be in or near ruins one third of the time.

It was my plan that your instruction in anthropology should consist largely of a study of the Quichua language, in which, after the rainy season commenced, you would have had full assistance from Mr. Hardy. It was not for a moment expected that you would learn trapping or meteorology, but it was supposed that while Mr. Erdis was attend-

P.A.M.

ing to these matters you would have the opportunity of getting thor-
oughly acquainted with the practical side of exploration and its dif-
ficulties. Also that you would have an opportunity to become profic-
ient in the use of the Quichua language, that you would have an op-
portunity to study the habits of the Indians and to acquire informa-
tion in regard to numerous archaeological remains which, as you know,
are widely scattered over Southern Peru.

I cannot understand your willingness to quit so early in the
game, especially as I wrote to you on March 30th: "I appreciate very
much your spirit of wishing to make yourself useful on all sides. Is
want to remind you that there will be a great deal of drudgery for
you to do on this first trip in particular. As the Chief Engineer's
Assistant, you will have to be really his slave, - do his cooking
and any other chores that may be assigned you, develop his photo-
graphs, run errands, carry wood and water, and all the hundred and
one things which in Peru the Indians do for the Peruvians, but so
badly and inefficiently that we expect our white assistants to do
them for us.

"Some fellows find it hard to do menial labor where nobody but
Indians ever do that sort of thing, and the Assistant on the 1911
Expedition was a fellow of that sort, and, although he was loyal,
it was extremely difficult for him to bring himself to the point
where menial labor and drudgery were done with good will and volun-
tarily. A great deal depends on a fellow's spirit, and he did not
take the right attitude toward things in Peru.

"I believe that you will. (Incidentally, If I did not so be-
lieve, nothing would induce me to take you along, or to send you,
no matter how much money was put up for that purpose. The game
would not be worth the candle!) The reason why I am willing to
have you as an assistant on the Expedition is that you appear to me
to be seriously in earnest about choosing American archaeology as a
career, and your earnest desire to begin at the bottom and do every-
thing necessary to make yourself an authority on the history of the
Incas."

Apparently you did not realize what beginning at the bottom
meant, nor have you appreciated the opportunities that have been
given you to get thoroughly acquainted with the descendants of the
people over whom the Incas ruled.

On April 29th I wrote you: "It is always important to know the

P. A. M.

fundamentals, and to train one's hands to do the rough work, for
there is a great deal of rough uninteresting work in exploring, and
those who can turn their hands to the greatest variety of things
successfully are most sure of achievement in the end."

Had you been the sort of chap I supposed you were, it would not
have made the slightest difference to you if you had not seen a single
ruin, or picked up a single piece of pottery. You would have come
back from Peru at the end of your term of apprenticeship and been able
to say to me: "I have prepared myself in all the fundamentals. The
Chief Engineer says I am a good cook and a good packer. I can speak
enough Quichua to make a useful assistant in any anthropological work,
and I understand the reconnaissance work which is at the basis of all
real archaeological survey." It would then have been a pleasure to
have hired you as an assistant on the next Expedition, and you could
have been entrusted with special jobs more to your taste than the
drudgery of the first year of assistantship.

In breaking your written contract and in returning from the field
before you agreed to do so you have placed yourself in a very unfortu-
nate position.

Your resignation is not accepted. Only physical illness result-
ing in incapacity could give sufficient excuse for such an act.

September 24, 1914

My dear Mr. Means:

It is with sincere regret that I am under the necessity
of sending you for your perusal a copy of a letter to your
son.

I have written him at considerable length because I
wanted him to realize that he had fair warning from the be-
ginning that the Expedition of this year was only slightly
concerned with archaeology.

I think if I had been in Peru myself I could have shown
him how important it was for him to get the fundamentals, even
though they were as remotely connected with archaeology as
trapping and meteorology - the fundamental field work of each
of which requires the same kind of patient, uninteresting drudg-
ery.

I am extremely sorry that he so early came to the conclus-
ion that he did not want to continue with the Expedition.

Faithfully yours,

James Means, Esq.,
196 Beacon Street,
Boston, Mass.

September 30, 1914

My dear Mr. Bumstead:

I cannot tell you how delighted I am at the way in which you and Hardy have been cooperating this season. It is a great relief to the Director, you may be sure, to read of men who are pleased with the arrangements that have been made for them, and who have been working as hard as possible to help the Expedition to accomplish good results.

I am extremely sorry that we were all so misled in Dr. Meserve and his character. I do not understand how a surgeon of his training and family connections could be willing to resign at the end of two weeks. I trust that no accidents will happen to you, and that you will be able to keep in good condition, even without a surgeon. Owing to the War and the scarcity of surgeons in this country, it seems to be impossible at the present time to fill his place. I don't know what we are going to do next year. The opportunity of studying quantities of gun-shot wounds and having all kinds of adventures and interesting experiences in Red Cross work makes a very strong appeal to surgeons who are foot-loose. The small number of recent medical school graduates and the increasing number of hospitals has also tended to diminish the supply. As you know, we had a very hard time getting hold of anyone last spring. Do not subject yourself to any risks any more than you can help, and take as good care of yourself as possible.

We look forward with great interest to the results of your work. We appreciate fully the tremendous difficulties under which you have been laboring, as we know from sad experience the idiosyncrasies of Andean weather, and we know that you will accomplish all that anyone could accomplish under the circumstances.

We are naturally delighted at the archaeological material which you secured near the glaciers.

I am somewhat disappointed that the altitude of Salcantay proved to be what it did, but on the other hand, I am also somewhat relieved, as it reduces the temptation of risking life and limb in its ascent. Had it turned out to be 2,000 feet higher, I am afraid the temptation would have been too great!

Mr. Campbell writes that he is getting time signals daily, and I am delighted that you can write that the wireless work has proved to be such a complete success in establishing the longitudes of the country you have been over.

Faithfully yours,

September 30, 1914.

My dear Anderson:

Thank you for your letter of July 31st. I am sorry to hear that you have had such bad weather, and I can only hope that it has improved somewhat since then.

It has given me great pleasure to hear most satisfactory reports of your work, and the spirit in which you have undertaken it from Chief Engineer Erois.

While we seem to have made a mistake in our judgment of one or two men selected for the Expedition, we made no mistake in sending you out, and we look forward to the results of your work with keen anticipation.

I am glad to hear that you have found some fossils, and also some interesting archaeological things.

I am sorry that Westerberg, who was assigned to your party, was not more satisfactory. His references were all that one could ask, and the men for whom he had worked gave most satisfactory accounts of his character and his achievements. So I cannot understand why he turned out so badly.

I shall be very glad to have you make a full report on suggestions in regard to food, outfit, etc., for the next Expedition. I am glad to note your remarks in regard to the need of a good iron kettle and a Dutch oven.

I hope you have been able to increase your local supplies of sugar and coffee.

Assuring you of our appreciation of your efforts, believe me to remain

Faithfully yours,

Mr. E. L. Anderson,
Care of Mr. E. C. Erdis,
Lomellini & Cia.,
Cuzco, Peru.

September 30, 1914

My dear Campbell:

Thank you for your letter of September 4th, and for
the records of Mr. Barber's Santa Lucia observatory. I
have turned them over to Professor Bowman who is collect-
ing material of this sort for use in meteorological work.

Owing to the War it has seemed best to curtail our
activities to a certain extent. We have already been un-
fortunate in having two of our men desert us, (Dr. Meserve
and Mr. Means) and another one not turn out very well, so
I think we had better postpone the establishing of the me-
teorological station for another year. At the same time, if
you could establish a station near Pisac at the missionaries'
farm, I should be very glad to have you do so.

The railroad will furnish you with transportation free
of charge on your representing to them the fact that you are
engaged in meteorological work for the Peruvian Expedition.
And if you will notify Mr. Erdis, Care of Lomellini & Cia.,
Cuzco, he can make arrangements to have transportation fur-
nished you by the Expedition.

I should like to have Mr. Erdis with you when the sta-
tion is set up, so as to learn as mush as possibly about the
instruments. As I have said above, however, I think it would
not be advisable at present to establish a station at Santa
Lucia. Things look differently at a distance, however, and
if there is a reliable person there ready to do the work and
keep the records, we shall be glad to furnish you transporta-
tion and to pay any expenses that you may incur.

I am sending Mr. Erdis a copy of this letter so that
he will understand about it if he hears from you.

Faithfully yours,

Leon Campbell, Esq.,
Harvard College Observatory,
Arequipa, Peru.