The
Deaf
CAN HEAR AGAIN

It is estimated that about 170 million persons throughout the world are afflicted with deafness. Although there are no exact statistics, authorities generally believe that one out of every fifteen human beings is hard of hearing to some degree.

No medical or surgical cure has yet been found that can help half of these 170 million who are deaf because their auditory nerve has been impaired by injury or disease. For most of the other half, there is hope, because their hearing loss results from a condition called otosclerosis, which can be remedied by surgery.

Until recently, however, the only operation for otosclerosis had been a very delicate one, performed by only a few expert surgeons. In addition, the operation is very expensive, requiring a lengthy stay in the hospital and a prolonged convalescence.

Dramatic discovery

Today, thanks to a dramatic discovery by a veteran ear surgeon, many doctors are using a new and much simpler operation. It can be performed in less than twenty minutes, and the patient is hospitalized for only one day. There is no convalescent period. The man who invented the operation, Dr. Samuel Rosen, of Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York, has traveled to twenty countries to demonstrate his technique to other surgeons, and has given new hope to the millions who suffer from otosclerosis.

Dr. Rosen "accidentally" discovered his operation while he was probing, under a local anesthesia, the inner ear of a deaf patient. As he pressed gently against a small bone called the stapes, which acts as a sounding board in the ear, he felt it move slightly. "Another probe, please," he said to the nurse.

The patient started to sit up, a look of amazement on his face. "Did you say something to me?" he asked the surgeon, who was as astonished, as the patient. Quietly, the doctor said he had been speaking to the nurse.

"But what have you done?" the patient said excitedly. "I can hear you speak. I can hear again!"

Today, four years later, that patient still has normal hearing, and Dr. Rosen has per-

formed his operation on more than a thousand other persons, with success in most cases. However, he did not perform his second operation until he had determined by research just what he had done by accident.

The stapes

The deafness of otosclerosis is caused by a deposit that constricts the stapes, a tiny bone behind the eardrum, preventing it from vibrating and transmitting sound waves to the auditory nerve. As the deposit grows, the stapes becomes more firmly fixed and hearing becomes progressively worse. What Dr. Rosen had "accidentally" done was to free the stapes with his probe, which allowed it to vibrate again.

After years of research, Dr. Rosen developed a technique and invented new surgical instruments for performing the operation quickly and safely. The theory of the operation is simple. If proper pressure is applied at the right spot and in the right direction on the stapes, the deposit that binds it and prevents it from vibrating may be broken, and once this is done, hearing is restored immediately.

Two chances

The operation is not one hundred per cent successful in all cases. However, if the Rosen operation fails, the patient's hearing is not damaged, and he can still undergo the more complicated surgery. In other words, a person with otosclerosis now has two chances of regaining his hearing.

The success of Dr. Rosen's operation has been so impressive that he has been invited by health officials of Spain, Portugal, England, France, West Germany, and fifteen other countries to show their surgeons how it can be performed.—MPIR

MARCH 4, 1956

Reaching
for the

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1950

9, RUE AUGUSTE LANÇON
PARIS-XIIIe
PORT-ROYAL 89-53

Sunday, May 22, 1955.

Dear Mr. Kissinger,

Please find herein the series of two articles about Vietnam I told you last night. It seems to be a good description of what many Frenchmen think of the problem. Although there might be some difference between an American point of view and a French one, I believe that Guillain's point of view includes much of political realism.

I am sorry we did not have more time to discuss that, and many other questions of great interest. If all Americans were like you and if all Frenchmen have attended the Seminar, there will not be any Franco-American problem which could not be solved in a minute. And this is true of course for other nations too. This explains why the Seminar is of prominent importance.

I send you my best wishes, for you and Mrs. Kissinger, for an interesting and profitable trip to Germany, Southern France and Italy. Between Livorno and Rome the road is extremely boring. I therefore suggest you to go south via Firenze, Siena or via Arezzo, Perugia, etc. I was highly disappointed by Capri which must have been extremely pleasant ten years ago, and perhaps a paradise twenty years ago. But I liked Ischia Island and, between Sorrento and Salerno, on the "Golfe di Salerno", the small village of fishermen called Positano where I spent a few days. There is a small, quiet and good restaurant not far from the beach (west of the beach with two entrances, one ground floor, the other one first floor). The picture which I include in this letter was taken there. Extreme right is the cook; the big woman is the boss with her little girl. No doubt that you will have a warm reception if you give them the picture. In the same village lives an old Finnish lady with a Swedish nobility name (Fru von Knorring). She belongs to an old Swedish minority family living in Finland. She left

twenties

Finland in the 'twenties', after the death of her husband. Her family feared that she could not survive after a short but intense love story and sent her to the quiet and sunny Positano. She never came back to Finland (but may be for very short trips), bought a very nice old house in Positano and lives there since more than thirty years. She accepts paying gifts (who are totally independent). She speaks French fluently, and Mr. Kissinger could speak French with her as he agrees to do in Italy, but no doubt she speaks also English as she is a very cultivated person. I am a friend of her Swedish friend Freddy Lindström and visited her last October with the Finnish Consul in Cologne who is a friend of mine.

I hope who will let me know when you will be back to Paris so that I can make some arrangements. Anyway I will keep in touch with the management of your Paris hotel and I put down on my time table that you will be here around June 27th.

Please convey to Mrs. Kissinger my best wishes and respects.

["PAGE 2\nPAGE 2", "HARVARD SUMMER NEWS", "HARVARD SUMMER NEWS", "Published weekly for the Harvard Summer School at the Harvard Theatre, Harwood House, 38, Massachusetts Avenue Kirkland 7-8311 or Kirkland 7-600, Ext. 1800.\nOffices: Monday through Friday, 9 to 12; 11:30 to 4:30.", "Crimson Printing Company, 14 Plimpton Street,\nCambridge 38, Mass.", "Richard T. Cooper, '58, Managing Editor\nLeo A. Guthart, '58, Business Manager\nRobert M. Pringle, '58, Photographic Editor\nCaldwell Titcomb '47, Drama and Music Editor\nSara M. Pope, William W. Bartley, '58\nGeorge H. Watson, '58, Peter T. Tobin, '58", "Night Editor for this issue: Richard T. Cooper '58", "THURSDAY, JULY 11, 1957", "The Playgoer", "The Would-Be Gentleman", "At the Theatre on the Green through July 13", "Local theatrics are offered this week two famous examples of Baroque comedy, one from France and one English. \"We Are the Would-be Gentlemen (Le bourgeois gentilhomme),\" by Mollie, the second universal genus of modern theatre; and the Boston Summer Theatre is giving Volpone by Ben Jonson, the chief contemporary of the first universal genus of modern theatre.", "The Kesley Players are following up their good production of a bad play with a sparkling production of a good play. This is not to say that The Would-be Gentleman is a dramatic masterpiece; it is certainly not that. When you come right down to it, there is hardly any plot at all; and such tenuous plot as there does not even begin until three quarters of an hour passed—the first 45 minutes constitute one long extended joke, but what a wonderful joke!", "For this reason, and also because the work is relatively short, director Elliot Silverstein decided to finance the play up to a total running time of two and a quarter hours. In the person of Mollie, deliver a prologue and epilogue; the prologue was appropriate enough, but the epilogue was ineffective and ill-advised. He furthermore incorporated, by changing the sex or name of some characters, scenes from London's \"The Scapin,\" which Mollie pinned right after finishing the present work—specifically, the portions dealing with the extortion of random money for a phone kidnapping. In principle I do not approve of the direction I was forced to admit that the practice did bolster somewhat the thin story line and turn unsatisfactorily.", "Now Silverstein, one of the most gifted and innovative directors in the theatre today, quite rightly kept in mind that this work is not a straight play. He called it a comedie-belle. This production retains all the songs and dances called for in the original. Mollie was his composer and conductor the famous musician Jean-Baptiste Lully. The play of this show is Richard Wernick. Wernick has written a dry and very score live in keeping with the play; and he presides over a small live orchestra (all in period costume) of winds and percussion, and plays on a harpsichord from time to time himself. (It would be ungrateful peddle to complain about the anachronicity of use of a clarinet, which in Mollie's day had not yet been invented.)", "Silverstein has apparently spared no expense in achieving a fast-paced audio-visional spectacle, such as delighted the original Louis XIV for whom it was created. Not only do we have Louis XIV, but we also have livestock, not to mention a whole herd of scantly clapped, Jewish set of costumes than William A. Roberts has designed.", "Indeed, the general aim is to transport the audience back to the late 16th century as fully as possible. As the outdoor theatre is now a part of the Versailles gardens where such court plays were often presented. The show properly begins with the traditional trois coups de baton. And the audience is made to rise at the end of the play, to see King Louis himself and his retinue march in to solemn music, take their places, and加入 Mollie's dedicate performance to His Gracious Majesty.", "Monsieur Jourdan", "But Mollie's chief contribution was the creation of the first character, Monsieur Jourdan, a wealthy but penny-pinsning middle class tradesman who never forgets any amount of money to acquire the social graces and intellectual refinement that characterize people of \"quality.\" Jourdan will live forever as the man who was overcome with astonished glees upon learning that what he had been speaking for forty years was prose. But he is also the man who put on his gown in order to hear music better; and who, or at least whether he intended to, would not be surprised if he had been spoken, unhesitatingly standing the Latin that just been spoken, unhesitatingly repeat \"of course.\" But act as though he had not acquired with it and explain to me what it means.\"", "Group 29 is fortunate to have for this role the services of Mr. Adrian, who has been the first season as Dr. Panglos in the Hellman-Bernstein musical version of Candide. He hits the right note with the role with infectious fanatics. He hits the right tone at his first entrance, appearing in a properly hidden grooce and the rest of the show with his black and whiteszing shoes. He belches, and picks his teeth with his fingers, talks with food in his mouth, and makes the most of a vulgar, cackling mask.", "Silverstein has been careful to refine the roles he plays, and has made a point of his deployment and direction. They show a delightful preciosity by pronouncing a pure a-sound instead of an s-sound in all such words as \"appreciate,\" \"profession,\" \"politicians\" and \"democratism.\" And even the \"equisite\" is correctly ac- counted for in the first syllable.", "Outstanding are Reuben Singer as the nobleman D'ante, Sorrell Booke as the Music Master, Robert Brustain as the Dancing Master and Michael Lewis as the Philo- pher. As the Fencing Master, Thomas Hill should speak", "with more elegance. Evelyn Ward is attractive as the maidservant Nicole, but seems a little too cultured. And Gall Garett, as Jourdan's daughter Lacille, is not cultured enough and speaks too many—maybe too many—口 have swapped roles. The Victorians have shrewd and shrewd wife, needs a great deal more force.", "The Printing Company, 14 Plimpton Street,\nCambridge 38, Mass.\n\nThe English translation used is adequate on the whole. One minor quibble, however; since the aim is to capture as Galkic as possible, why do they doggedly insist on talking of guineas, pounds, shillings and pence instead of louis d'or, livres, sols, denvers, pistoles and francs?", "Volpone", "At New England Mutual Hall through July 13", "Producer Lee Falk is embarking on this week on a gamble: for the twelfth season of his Boston Summer Theatre he has decided to avoid the mediocrity and trashy fare of former seasons in favor of a more serious and more intellectual program. The problem is whether they will respond sufficiently to a policy of presenting classics of quality.", "The opening production is Volpone, the first of the masterpieces from Ben Jonson's great decade of playwriting. It is the classic didactic great about the acquisition of power through extreme wealth, which was perhaps the chief passion of the Elizabethans. No other play in any language dissects the love of gold and power with such incisiveness and force. The main characters bear the names of animals whose trails they share.", "The plot, laid in Venice, concerns the rich merchant Volpone (Big Fox), who, in his own capacity, tries to outflank equally money-grubbing Venetians by getting them to give him expensive presents in hopes of being named his heir.", "The present production is using Ruth Langner's production of the German adaptation that Zweifel Zweig made three decades ago. To trim the play to a running-time of two and a quarter hours, Zweig did away with Jonson's dwarf, enuch and hermaphrodite; and he totally omitted the subplot involving Sir John. He also modified Jonson's ending. But the main plot and purpose as well as the bawdiness of Jonson's study still remain, with much of their original impact. It is fascinating to follow his drams, in which every character is a person of note, and the play ends in a clear and court judge— is a hypocrite, and in which most of the personages are possessed by the same last for gold, that \"whispers limited melody.\" Director Gene Frankel has achieved a production that is not only a master work, but one that is little slow getting under way and has occasionally allowed his players to be in too long pauses.", "Jan Keith", "The current Volpone, by Keith, is no stranger to Boston, for he was raised on Beacon Street. He was responsible for one of the supreme theatrical experiences of my life when he acted locally some years ago the title role of Pirandello's greatest play, Henry IV. And in last summer's Cambridge Drama Festival, he showed his skill and versatility in the comic role of Pistol in Shakespeare's Henry V. and as the severe Bishop of Beavils in Shaw's Saint Joan. It is good to have him back again.", "Keith paints a rounded portrait of the scheming Volpone, now comic and now serious. He is quite well with his sleeping flapping cap. He knows how to use his whole body as his voice; and it is wonderful to watch him react to the others on stage even when he is remaining silent. His performance is clearly exaggerated one, though it never goes to the extreme; and this is just as it should be in Baroque satire.", "Keith Ryder plays Volpone's parasitic toady Mosca (I'Fy), who likely has a job to do, but who is hard to imagine. He carries out his devilry or puts in action chivalry of his own. It is as much a dancing role as an acting one. I found his delivery a bit heavy and thrallic for his vivacious bodily athletism, though his soliloquy on money was most effective.", "Of the three старшай birds of prey, the laurel goes to Arthur Malot for his portrayal of the user Corbaccio (Old Crow), who is willing to betray his own son for more money. Bent over a chair, he offers no other option of legs, thereby adding to his bird-like attributes some of the features of a loathsome spider on the hunt (\"I like to look at dying men\").", "Tom Bosley goes well as the notary Voltaire (Vulcane), as does David Bauer in the role of the insolus merchant Corvino (Little Raven), who gladly betrays his wife for the promise of wealth. This young, ever-whimping man, who handles her correctly in a role that offers few opportunities. Peggy Peery makes a fine courtesan, Cimila (Bitch), whose mother and grandmother are illegitimate like herself and unborn son. Clifford David is Corvacco's blstering soldier-son Leone (Clon), as fast with a stream of libelous insults as the Latin makes the Judge too young; and Ray Bieri and Lance Cundar provide adequate support.", "A novelty of the production is that the curtain never falls between scene and scene, as is the custom in full view of the audience as part of a ballet dressed by a highly accomplished man quintet: Melvin Henson (who does the choreography as well), Sylvester Campbell, Ernsto Gonzales, Robert Cockle and George Liker.", "If the rest of the audience is as good as this, local theatrics are in for a series of next week: Jean Anouilh's frolicsome \"Thieves' Carnival,\" \"Cavalier 200,\" \"Volpone 200.\"", "Other reviews appear on page three.)", "Also Recommended...", "Face in the Cross (at the University Theatre through Saturday). Elia Kozan flashes slushy at TV and the Madison Avenue promotion men in this tale of a good-for-nothing jailbird who becomes a potent national force. And Pat Griffiths gives a magnificent performance. And Patric Neal turns in the finest job of her career.", "THURSDAY, JULY 11, 1957", "AMUSEMENT", "BRATTL TR 6-4226", "HARVARD SQUARE", "Thurs. - Fri. - Sat.", "D. H. Lawrence's", "LADY", "CHATTERLEY'S", "LOVER", "Danielle Darrieux", "Leo Genn", "Sunday - Monday\nSPICE OF LIFE", "with\nNOEL-NOEL", "Tuesday-Wednesday\nWE ARE ALL\nMURDERERS", "TWO SHOWS NIGHTLY\n7:30 & 9:30 P.M.", "BILLINGS\n& STOVER", "A Drug Store", "First, Last, and Always", "SUN. & HOLIDAYS: 9 A.M.-9 P.M.", "", "\"WE SHOULD HAVE MORE PICTURES OF THIS TYPE\"", "LOUELLA PARSONS", "MARLENE", "VITTORO", "DIETRICH", "DE SA", "The Monte Carlo Story", "TECHNIRAMA AND TECHNICOLOR", "NEAR", "KENMORE ARENA", "AIR-CONDITIONED", "KENMORE", "KE 6-0777", "THEATRE ON THE GREEN", "WELLESLY", "\"EXTREMELY FUNNY ... Max Adrian was a delight.\"", "\"MR. ADRIAN WINS LAUGHS WITH every move.\"", "Maloney, Traveler", "\"OVERFLOWING WITH GOOD-NATURED HUMOR.\"", "THROUGH SATURDAY EVE", "MAX ADRIAN", "\"THE WOULD-BE GENTLEMAN.\"", "FOR TICKETS", "CALL WE 5-0669", {"bbox": [729, 1066, 856, 10

Second Article

by Arie Siew

THE HARVARD INTERNATIONAL SUMMER SEMINAR

Just because the Harvard Seminar chose to administer America in
gentle doses, by painless hypodermic injection, the visiting group was able -
far more than by other, more intense and high-strung programs - to form its
own impressions *sine ira et odio*. Whatever met the eye and the ear in the
bustling street, in the din of the factory or in the heat of political debate,
could be sorted out in leisure, in air-conditioned Harvard's Lamont Hall, in
the academic retreat of the Faculty Club, and in the rarefied air of New England
society. One by one, and then in unison, the members of the Seminar began
forming their considered picture of America.

There was, firstly, the impression of the vastness of everything,
which hit the nerves of the visitors used to the intimate "smallness" of the
Old World. The impression came first with the landscape, with the unending
stretch of woodland and lakes and rivers along the straight road from New
York to Boston. Though this part of the country is level, it somehow seemed
to dwarf even mountain-country in the Old World to picture-book size; to the
reminiscent eye, even the wide spaces of the Israeli Negev, the great forests
of Eastern Europe, the rolling downs of England, seemed to shrink vis-a-vis
this orderly infinity. There were those white-board New England homes, with
their little green-tiled spires; but their numbers, their identity and their
newness destroyed every feeling of intimacy. There was some subtle cruelty
in this vastness of land and road and sky; something which evoked the heartless
grandeur of Aztec and Maya art as against the warmth of its European counterpart.

This cruel vastness came upon the visitor in the American city, even
in comparison with the largest Old World metropolis. It was not the sky-
scraper; on the contrary, the peak buildings of New York appeared from nearby
suprisingly smaller than anticipated. But it was that mass of nameless stone
and cement, the numbered streets, that anonymous quantity of people, that lack

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[LC]

of distinction by force of tradition, which left the newcomer with an initial
feeling of quiet despair.

Next came the opposite impact of infinite variety. There came the
cavalcade of faces of every type and hue, from white to brown to black; the
multi-coloured shirts and ties; the individual labels printed on matches in
every eating-place; the terrific choice of menu; the thirty-odd kinds of ice-
cream and sherbet offered at the road-side restaurant. But, just as plus
and minus meet in physics, thus also this infinite variety seemed to merge with
the amorphous vastness into one; and the visitor turned helplessly aside from
the tremendous variety of wares massed in the American shop-window, longing back
to the fewer, selected display in the shop-window of the Old World.

Next came the impression of uniformity in thinking, in behaviour and
in speech, running through all sections and strata of the people - a basic
likeness between the politician and the business executive and the girl-student
in Bermuda shorts - on most matters outside the all-absorbing material rush:
the stereotyped opinion on foreign countries and ideas, conveyed both by the
politely impersonal conversation of the society matron and by the raucous chat
of the bartender; the set ideas of the working man, who cannot indulge in
the luxuries of the mind after the labour of the American business day.

And then - having accumulated all this towering Babel of impressions,
this oppressive burden of mass and numbers - the members of the Harvard Seminar
were able, thanks to the methods explained before, to settle down to analysis.
The process of meeting America started in reverse, through the academic part
of the Seminar.

## The Academic Part

Here, too, the first impression seemed to be in line with the rest.
The American intellectual, who came to explain to the visitors the dazzling

-3-

[LC]

pattern of the American "Way of Life," displayed himself all those characteristics of overwhelming quantity. While the American way of purely technical explanation appeared perfect in its single-aimed straightness - unquestionably placing America at the top of technical studies anywhere - everything connected with humanist studies left the Old World visitor at first gaping in helpless wonderment. The very way of American lecturing came upon the Old World listener like a torrential flood: the surging mass of factual knowledge from dozens of related and unrelated fields, adduced for comparison in the discussion of even the most limited subject; the rapid flow of multi-coloured argument, interspersed with myriads of quip and repartee; the thread of idea lost in the labyrinth of general brilliancy.

But, slowly and surely, the Old World Ariadne found her way back; and in the second part of the Seminar opinion began to crystallize with fair clearness.

First came the realization of the tremendous struggle imposed upon the American intellectual, if he wants to wrest his own ego from the octopus of the standardized mass, a mass hundredfold strong and tenacious just because of its incredible material level. The intellectual effort required of the individual to build a mind of his own - in face of the technically perfect onslaught of political machine, of propaganda and television and a 64-paged Press; the great personal strength required to overcome sectarian, political and cultural prejudices, all of them reinforced by the bulwarks of material prosperity - the understanding of all this came seeping through into the consciousness of the members of the Seminar. It was felt that the American Hosts at Harvard were not only trying to explain their country; they were also trying to find a way for themselves, through the medium of this debate; and by this they imparted to the visitors the appreciation of the great struggle being fought for America's intellectual future.

Somewhere during the initial part of the Seminar course, one of the

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[L.C]

hosts remarked: "This is the most leftist group we have had so far." On the other side, one of the Seminar members, a die-hard Conservative in his own country, generalized upon the "reactionary" thinking of most of the hosts. Both views - so typical for the present relations between America and Eurasia - were proved incorrect at the conclusion of the Seminar; and in this probably lies its over-riding value.

The visitors witnessed the general feeling of relief, in every walk of American life, at the decline of McCarthyism; the great part played by the American intellectual, at frequent personal hardship and risk, to stop the demagogue, whether in the street, in the Press or in business luncheon address; the swift expansion of the nucleus of an intelligent and liberal leadership. They witnessed the growing understanding that, in a rapidly shrinking world, foreign countries have moved to the threshold of America; they witnessed America's new leaders pondering the invincibility myth of the spiritual Monroe doctrine. They witnessed the educated American stepping out into the outside world, with an open mind. They witnessed the genuine friendliness of the people, and the fervent wish to understand and be understood. And, in turn, the visitors lost their initial urge to contradict, to retaliate by exaggerating their difference; and in its stead came the urge to come forward and meet America in the middle of the way.

The Harvard Seminar has shown to 43 men and women from the Old World a corner of America which gives great promise to the future part of that great country in the progress and cooperation of mankind. It is to be hoped that the links of understanding forged there will not be allowed to disintegrate; and organizers of international contact in our own country, and elsewhere, would be well advised to study this interesting Harvard venture.

5, Meena Bagh
King Edward Road
New Delhi, India

December 30, 1955

My dear Kissinger,

Thanks for your letter of December 19. Arrangements for
the Seminar are well in hand and another letter of mine, enclosed
in this cover, suggests certain details of proposals.

You should have no hesitation in having the Seminar under
the auspices of the Delhi School of Economics. It is a national
institution and I have had the privilege of knowing the Director
for over 15 years. As a purely academic and research institution
and an autonomous School of Delhi University, it would be in keeping
with Harvard's status to join hands with it no less than with the
Indian Council of World Affairs. The I.C.W.A. is a fine organisation.
Its initial response to my approach was however not encouraging,
whereas the School's was, with prospects of some financial contribution
from it and other facilities which the I.C.W.A. could not have offered.
So I clinched it. Dr. Radhakrishnan approved of it; Naidu and Jain
encouraged it and I have approached our External Affairs Ministry
and prospective donors with Delhi School as the sponsoring institution.

I may also mention that the school has extremely cordial
and regular relations with the Ford Foundation and runs regular
orientation classes for the T.C.M., U.S.I.S. and other staff of the
U.S. Embassy.

It is not proposed to pass any resolutions or come to any
conclusions. Actually when we finalised our proposals on December
25, Dr. Rao did not recollect and was astonished that he ever
suggested anything like resolutions and conclusions. We do not
do that in any of our academic conferences. I had, of course,
mentioned to Blum, with my dissent, about Rao initially suggesting
resolutions, etc. The matter did not come up again at all.

There is also no intention of diluting the Seminar but
rather of strengthening it by including about six persons of
special distinction from countries covered by the Harvard Seminar.
I thought Blum, Jain and Keene rather endorsed the idea when we
once met at my house and so I proceeded on that basis. I hope,
you will not consider six to be too many. I can assure you that
this is not a device to exercise some influence on the programme.

From the subjects proposed for discussion, you will doubtless
appreciate that there is no attempt to focus attention on India's
problems. The canvass is much larger with emphasis on conditions in
Asia and undeveloped regions in general, which I thought, was your
idea also. With all this, I expect that the Seminar in Delhi will
be conducted on much the same lines as at Harvard. I would have
liked it to be different, if possible, but the capital cities of
the world have fallen into a pattern of thinking.

- 2 -

As for a participant from South Korea, while we agree that it is not a question of political probation or disapprobation, you will doubtless appreciate that in the absence of diplomatic relations with a country, we may not have the means of ensuring the attendance of a participant from it. I presume that a similar consideration would weigh with Harvard also.

Our lack of enthusiasm in our proposals for participants in humanities as such is due to the greater importance attached to practical present-day problems rather than to the philosophical. I recall mentioning to you that there would probably be no place for a humanities group in the Indian Seminar. This does not rule out some members of your humanities group fitting into our social and cultural problems group.

I hope our proposals will be acceptable to you in general. Should there be anything in it which may seem to indicate search for influence on our part, please attribute it to the feeling that our part may be more than providing a venue for the Seminar.

I have received your letter of December 5 and would give your forms to people whom I consider suitable for your purpose.

With best regards.

December 30, 1955

Dear Mr. Kissinger,

With regard to the proposal for holding an International Seminar in India, which I discussed with you last summer, I am glad to inform you that a meeting could be arranged in Delhi during the latter half of September, 1956.

The Delhi School of Economics, a national institution under the distinguished direction of Dr. V.K.R.V. Rao, M.A., Ph.D., D.Litt., Director of the School, has agreed to sponsor the Seminar as a joint venture with the Harvard International Seminar. Dr. Rao is also Dean of the faculty of Social Sciences in the University of Delhi. I may add that I have discussed this matter with Dr. Radhakrishnan and it has received his blessing.

In consultation with Dr. Rao, I am detailing the following proposals to you in connection with the proposed seminar and would request you to send your confirmation of them with your comments and suggestions direct to him at the following address: Director, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi (India). This would place the Seminar on an institutional basis, and my association hereafter with its organisation will be on behalf of Dr. Rao and the School.

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[Y]

to us with photos and your recommendations, group wise, on order of merit.

After a selection is made, it is considered appropriate that invitations to attend be issued by the Indian sponsoring organisation vis. Delhi School of Economics subject to arrangements regarding transportation being handled by you.

In the U.S. group your attendance is considered essential and we hope you will come.

On receipt of firm acceptances and information about the date, number and office of issue of visas, you will be advised for transportation arrangements. Selected participants could be advised to inform you direct also.

(5) I am enclosing a suggested schedule for the various organisational stages and would appreciate your advice on it.

Please also advise in the light of your experience whether the number of participants invited should exceed 40, and if so, by how many, to provide for last minute cancellations.

**(6) Organisation of the Seminar:**

There will be 3, approximately equal groups, each under a Chairman.

**(7) Subjects for discussion:**

As indicated in the information sheet. Further sub-heads could be worked out later and suggestions for readings made.

**(8) Financial:**

Harvard International Seminar will pay the transportation expenses of all the participants from their homes to Delhi and back. Delhi School of Economics will provide board and lodging of the participants in a student's hostel or in any other suitable place for the duration of the Seminar and meet the costs of local transportation, Seminar service charges and other costs of the Seminar programme, except for a trip outside Delhi which may involve the participants in a share of expenses.

**(9) Transportation arrangements:**

As Harvard International Seminar will pay for transportation, it will be administratively convenient if transport arrangements such as bookings, issue of tickets up to and from Delhi, etc., are arranged by the H.I.S. through such agencies in the U.S. and India as may be convenient. We shall be glad to arrange the transportation of the Indian participants, to the extent necessary on Harvard's behalf. There is a branch of the American Express in New Delhi and Harvard's travel agents could perhaps establish arrangements with them for the return passage of the participants. It is desired that as many participants as possible reach Delhi at the same time.

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[N]

(b) **Economic**: Patterns and problems of Industrialisation of under-developed countries with particular reference to problems of decentralisation; Rural-Urban relations; small scale and cottage industries; and maintenance and development of private initiative in economic activity.

(c) **Social and Cultural**: Problems of social, psychological and cultural impacts of developed countries on undeveloped regions with special reference to the nature and means of communications between them.

Discussion of the above subjects will provide sufficient scope to allow participants to deal with them from the point of view of their special discipline or particular field of interest.

(iii) Opportunities to participants to address open forums on subjects of general interest with particular reference to their own countries.

**Qualifications:** Participants should have a good command of the English language and should have achieved eminence in a field of endeavour concerned with the problems proposed to be discussed.

**Stipend:** The Harvard International Seminar will assume all transportation expenses of the participants from their homes to Delhi and back. Delhi School of Economics will assume all expenses of board and lodging in a students hostel, local transportation and visits to institutions and other places of interest for the period of the Seminar. Expenses incurred in obtaining visas and on residence beyond the period of the seminar and correspondence in respect of the Seminar will be borne by participants themselves. No responsibility for obtaining visas will be taken either by the Delhi School of Economics or the Harvard International Seminar.

**General:** All correspondence in respect of the Seminar, other than transportation arrangements from their homes to Delhi and back, should be addressed to the Director, International Seminar, Delhi School of Economics, Delhi. Correspondence in regard to transportation should be addressed to the Executive Director, Harvard International Seminar, Harvard University, 10 Weld Hall, Cambridge 38, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

A general information sheet on climatic conditions in India in September/October, selected travel itineraries, costs of travel, hotel accommodation, essential personal kit etc will be provided to participants before their departure from their homes.

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[Y]

Delhi School of Economics - Harvard University

International Seminar

1956

Application

(Please print all answers in English)

1. Name: Mr/Miss/Mrs (last) (first) (second)

2. Address: Postal: .................... Telegraphic: ....................

3. Date of birth: .................... Place: ....................

4. Citizenship: .................... Passport: .................... (number, place, date and office of issue)

5. Present occupation (Please indicate the institution or organisation where employed, position and nature of duties)

6. Academic qualifications and honours:

Qualifications College & University attended Honours

7. Field of specialisation: ....................

8. List of publications: ....................

9. Indicate specific topic or project in which interested for the purposes of the Seminar: ....................

10. Check group in which you would wish to participate:

Political ............ Economic ............ Social & Cultural ............

Please return this form properly filled in duplicate, with a recent photograph of yourself, to the Executive Director, International Seminar, Harvard University, 10 Weld Hall, Cambridge 38, Mass., U.S.A.

Signature

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Schedule of progress of arrangements
for the Seminar

<table><tr><td>January 25, 1956</td><td>Receipt from Harvard of confirmation of proposals regarding the Seminar</td></tr><tr><td>March 15</td><td>Applications to be received at Cambridge</td></tr><tr><td>April 5</td><td>Copies of applications with photos and recommendations on order of merit group wise may be received in Delhi from Cambridge</td></tr><tr><td>April 20</td><td>Selection of participants made and Harvard informed</td></tr><tr><td>May 10</td><td>Issue of firm invitations from Delhi to selected participants, on receipt of further advice, if any, from Harvard</td></tr><tr><td>June 10</td><td>Receipt of firm acceptances in Delhi</td></tr><tr><td>June 25</td><td>Intimation to Harvard re: firm acceptances received and date, number and office of issue of visas to participants</td></tr><tr><td>August 31</td><td>Transportation arrangements to be completed by Harvard International Seminar</td></tr><tr><td>September 14</td><td>Arrival of participants in Delhi</td></tr><tr><td>September 16 (Sunday)</td><td>Inauguration of the Seminar</td></tr><tr><td>October 2</td><td>Farewell</td></tr></table>

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR

CONDUCTED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE
HARVARD SUMMER SCHOOL
OF ARTS AND SCIENCES AND OF EDUCATION

WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT, Director

10 WELD HALL
CAMBRIDGE 38, MASSACHUSETTS

HENRY A. KISSINGER, Executive Director

January 20, 1956

Dear Mr. Kissinger:

Enclosed is a list giving travel estimates for
the New Delhi meeting. Mr. Bhojwani listed 4 from India, about
20 from other Asian countries (including about 6 people other
than Seminar participants), 12 from Europe and 4 from the States.
I divided these into a possible distribution. All the fares
given are tourist round trip. Mr. Whitcomb commented that if
we could wait until November 1, there would be quite a saving
because of the off-season rates.

Enclosed, also, is a batch of extracts. I didn't
make extra copies as I imagine you will want us to stencil
copies for the Board. Please don't lose this collection as it's
our file copy.

Professor Smithies is at Nuffield College, Oxford.
His secretary said that when he left he had no plans about his
return, but she thinks that it's unlikely he'll be back before
September. He will probably travel around after the end of
the academic year at Oxford, going to the Continent, etc.

Enclosed is a copy of an article which has arrived
from E.W. Tomlin (English), friend of Eric Weil's. It's been
retyped. Also enclosed is Cavers' article which Corinne has
worked on. Steve has the other three and is going to do them
this weekend.

Am writing to Rom Landau and will start looking through
our files of unused articles.

Regards.

Enclosed too is a letter which Ray Williams dictated over
the phone to Corinne.

Bernhard von Mutius,
Regierungsrat

Berlin-Charlottenburg 9,
Lindenallee 28, den 4.12.1955.

Sehr verehrter Herr Professor,

Anja Schellenberg hat mir gestern viel von Ihnen gesprochen und mich ermutigt, an Sie zu schreiben. Ich bin nach 5 1/2 jähriger Gefangenschaft in Workuta Ende Oktober aus der Sowjetunion zurückgekehrt und habe bis 1.November nächsten Jahres Zeit: bis dahin bekomme ich meinen alten Regierungsratsgehalt als Übergangsbezüge weitergezahlt und muss erst ab November nächsten Jahres wieder im Staatsdienst arbeiten. Diese freie Zeit möchte ich dazu verwenden, an einer Universität oder einem Institut in Amerika mit Hilfe eines Stipendiums zu studieren. Ich bin Jurist - Referendar 1935, Assessor 1939, und Völkerrechtler - ich war 1935/36 research student bei Prof. McNair in Cambridge, von 1936-39 Assistent von Prof. Bruns im Völkerrechtsausschuss der Akademie für Deutsches Recht und im Sommer 1939 Hörer am Völkerrechtsinstitut in Den Haag, von wo ich zum Militärdienst einberufen wurde.

Fast alles, was ich früher wusste, habe ich in den langen Jahren der Gefangenschaft vergessen und verlernt. Ich möchte meine fachlichen und sprachlichen Kenntnisse wieder auffrischen, ich möchte vor allem Amerika sehen, ich möchte den Traum des Gefangenen vom Leben in dem Lande, das die freie Welt verteidigt, verwirklichen.

Ich wende mich an Sie mit der Bitte, mir zu sagen, ob eine solche Möglichkeit für mich besteht. Ich bin mir darüber klar, dass ein 42-jähriger Student eine komische Figur ist, dass meine fachlichen Kenntnisse, die früher durchschnittlich gut waren, jetzt sicherlich sehr gering sind und dass vielleicht auch mein wirrer Lebenslauf Schwierigkeiten bereiten könnte. Trotzdem wage ich es an Sie zu schreiben, weil ich nicht nur

[LC]

Lebenslauf

Am 12.1.1913 wurde ich in Beirut/Syrien als Sohn des deutschen
Generalkonsuls Ludwig von Mutius und seiner Ehefrau Frédérique,
geb. Seefelder de Charnaud geboren. Nachdem ich das Realgymnasium
in München absolviert hatte, studierte ich von 1931-1935 Rechts-
wissenschaften an den Universitäten München und Berlin! Im Früh-
jahr 1935 legte ich beim Kammergericht in Berlin das Referen-
darexamen mit der Note lobenswert ab. Von 1935-36 hatte ich
ein Stipendium des Deutschen Akademischen Austauschdienstes
am Trinity College in Cambridge (England), wo ich als research
student bei Prof. McNair arbeitete. Von 1936-39 war ich Gerichts-
referendar in Berlin und gleichzeitig Assistent von Prof. Bruns
in den völkerrechtlichen Ausschüssen der Akademie für Deutsches
Recht. Im Sommer 1939 hörte ich die Vorlesungen am Völkerrechts-
institut in Den Haag, von wo ich am 28.8.1939 zum Militärdienst
einberufen wurde. Am 25.9.1939 bestand ich das Assessorexamen
in Berlin mit der Note gut.

Während des Militärdienstes beim Infanterie-Regiment 61 wurde
ich von 1940-41 und von 1944-45 als Ordonnanzoffizier zum
Regimentschef Reichsstatthalter General von Epp kommandiert,
1942 an der Front in Russland schwär verwundet und erhielt
danach einen einjährigen Arbeitsurlaub, während dessen ich beim
Landratsamt in München und beim Reichswirtschaftsministerium
in Berlin tätig war; dort wurde ich am 1.1.1944 zum Regierungsrat befördert.

Als Verbindungsmann zwischen Münchner Widerstandsgruppen und
Minister Popitz in Berlin war ich an den Vorbereitungen des
20. Juli 1944 beteiligt und wurde daher auch am 28.10.1949
durch Spruch der Berufungskammer München als "Entlasteter"
entnazifiziert.

Nach meiner Entlassung aus der Internierung in der amerikanischen
Besatzungszone im August 1946 arbeitete ich zunächst kurze
Zeit im Bayerischen Staatsministerium für Wirtschaft in München
und später bei der CDU (Christlich-Demokratische Union) in
Berlin. Vom 1.1.1948-7.10.1949 war ich als Vertreter der Sowjet-
zonen-CDU im Sekretariat des Deutschen Volksrates angestellt,
vom 8.10.1949-7.2.1950 war ich der Leiter der Rechtsabteilung
im Ministerium für Auswärtige Angelegenheiten der Sowjetzone.
Am 7.2.1950 wurde ich nach genau viermonatlicher Tätigkeit von

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[LC]

den sowjetischen Staatssicherheitsorganen verhaftet und zu 25 Jahren Zwangsarbeit wegen angeblicher Spionage und Sabotage verurteilt. Die Verhaftung erfolgte, weil ich Verbindungen zur westlichen Presse und zu westdeutschen Dienststellen unterhalten und mich in einer Denkschrift gegen die beabsichtigte verfassungswidrige Durchführung der Wahlen im Herbst 1950 als"Blockwahlen" ausgesprochen hatte.

Von April 1951-März 1955 war ich in Lagern in Workuta, am 17.10. 1955 kehrte ich aus der Sowjetunion nach Berlin zurück. - Ich bin evangelisch, verheiratet mit Heidti, geb. von Brockhusen seit 1948 und habe einen Sohn Ludwig-Alexander, geboren 1949.- Sprachkenntnisse: Englisch, französisch, russisch (fliessend).

Berlin, den 4. 12. 1955.

Berchard v. Mietzig.