1

June 3, 1890.

H. A. Kennerly,
Piegan, Mont.,
Dear sir

I would be glad to have at once, the best information you can give me as to what students from your Agency are actual members of the Catholic Church, and whether those who are not members of the Catholic Church have any other Church affiliations. I have written to Agent Catlin in regard to this matter but have no reply as yet.

I want to do what is right in the matter of giving those who really belong to the church, the opportunity of going there but not to send now, any who do not belong.

School is going on nicely and general health good since the better weather has come.

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 17

2

June 3, 1890.

Wa-an-k-nuz-zhe

Omaha Agency, Neb.,

Dear friend:

I have your letter of May 27, in which you ask for your son, James Wolf, to come home this Summer. It is true as you say, that he has been here 3 years, but this Summer instead of going home he has made arrangements to work for himself a few months, and is now doing so at a good place near Philadelphia, where he x is getting good wages.

I would think it useless for you to press him to come home while he is learning well, but let him stay his term out.

He should write to you himself. If he does not do so, let me know it or write to him at Tullytown, Pa., care of Wm.Y Warner.

In ch'g

VOL. 17

13

June 9, 1890.

Mrs P.G.Brown,
Seneca, Mo.,

Dear Madam:

Your letter of June 4, in regard to Lydia Flint
has been received. Your request is one of a kind that we do
not often think best to grant, but on account of Lydia's many
good qualities and the possible benefit to her health, as she
is somewhat in need of a change, we have concluded to grant it.

The trip both ways would have to be without expense to the
Government, and she could come about the first of July, pre-
vided you send the money by that time. I suppose a ticket
would cost about $27.00.

VOL. 17

14

June 9, 1890.

Rev. James Cloud,

Kawkawlin, Bay Co., Mich.,

Dear friend:

Replying to your letter of June 6th. I would say that David Venacy is spending the Summer with Mr. Henry Harvey at Tannersville, Bucks Co., Pa., a man with who we are well acquainted, and who is a well to do farmer. He will take good care of David until September when he will come back to the school.

The family with whom your daughter Aggie has placed, are good people and do not keep a boarding house in the sense that you understand it. As they live in a nice place in the country some of their friends board with them for the Summer.

Two other of our girls are at the same place, but as we want to comply with your wishes, we will find a place for Aggie that she may be close to Lucy, and she will return to the school in September. I do not think you need be anxious on the score of her health, as she has decidedly improved of late.

Very truly yours

In Ch'g

VOL. 17

16

June 10, 1890.

Emily Lone Wolf,

Wounded Knee, Pine Ridge Agency,
South Dakota,

Dear Madam:

Your letter about Joseph and Felix coming home
has been received. I am sorry to know that you have such
poor health yourself, as you seem to be one who has made good
use of her school opportunities.

Felix, whom we call Felix Iron Eagle, is on the list
of those who return home in July. Joseph's case has not been
decided on yet; so that likely you will see one or both of
your brothers early in July.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.

In ch'g

VOL. 17

17

June 10, 1890.

W. Bent,

New Belknap Agency, Mont.,

Dear sir:

I have your letter of May 24, to hand and note what you say about the visit of the Indians being postponed until Fall, and as it is postponed, so far as the visit here is concerned the last of September or early in October would be the best time.

I am glad to know that the students here from Belknap, are satisfied with their location and surroundings. If you bring additional students at the time of your visit, be very particular that they are just the right class. It does not pay to bring poor stuff so far.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.

In ch'g

VOL. 17

18

June 10, 1890.

Seward Mott
Interpreter,
San Carlos, Arizona,

Dear friend:

Your letter to Capt. Pratt has been received, and as he is away from home, I answer. I am glad to hear that the Indians at San Carlos are doing well this Summer. Also that Madoc Wind is steadily at his work. About George Nyrush I am not surprised to hear, because he cannot keep straight, and many times was in the guard house when he was at school here.

I do not know you by the name of Seward Mott. Did you not have another name once? When you write again tell me what your other name was.

I hope you will do your very best as Interpreter and try by all means to speak good English

Very truly your friend,

Ass't Supt.

In ch'g

VOL. 17

20

June 13, 1880.

Mr. R. G. Williams,
Amherst, Mass.

Dear Mr. Williams:

I thank you for your Postal Order of Twelve ($12.00) Dollars, received through Miss Irvine, and which on behalf of the school I thankfully acknowledge.

There seems to be a growing interest in the education of Indian girls, and we are experiencing some results in this direction that are very cheering. I trust that your interest may be maintained, and be assured that every dollar helps. I enclose herewith the receipt usually sent for such donations.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 17

22

June 13, 1890.

Hon. H. L. Dawes,

U. S. Senate, Washington, D.C.,

Dear sir:

I have just received a copy of the Indian Appropriation Bill as reported to the House by the Committee and desire in behalf of Capt. Pratt to invite your attention to the following considerations, viz-

Capt. Pratt's estimate as submitted called for a total of $135,000 on the following items-

Support of school $100,000
New Girls' Building (additional) 10,000
" Barn at School Farm 7,000
" Walks or Pavements 3,700
" New Store House 4,500
" New Blacksmith & Wagon Shop 2,600
" Fences 1,300
$129,000
To this was added extra compensation 1,000
Payment of Building Debt 5,000
In all $135,000

When in Washington I ascertained that the whole amount of estimate had been favorably reported by the Honorable Commis-

VOL. 17

23

2-Dawes

sioner of Indian Affairs to the Committee. By the Bill I
find that $121,000 is the amount now reported to the House.

The estimate made was based on a probable increase to near-
ly or quite 1000 students, and while the terms of the Bill are
liberal as regards the application of the money, I regret very
much that the Committee thought it necessary to curtail the
amount, especially as it omits the $5,000.00 needed to liber-
ate the personal obligation of Capt. Pratt, which he has now
been carrying for several years and which entails a consider-
able annual draft on the school funds for interest charges.

Our present numbers are very nearly 800. With the in-
creased accommodations asked for we can care for 1000 at the
school and in country homes.

A glance at the report of the Commissioner of Indian Af-
fairs for 1860, Page 380 to 39 shows me that the cost per capa-
ita per annum at various schools was as follows,- Haskell In-
stitute $197.38, Genoa $218.10 Chillicothe $ 183.80, Grand Junc-
tion, Col. $ 434.56, Carlisle $ 136.08 or $ 7.72 per capita
below the Chillicothe School, the one that stands next to us in
cost. This showing would be still further reduced by the re-
sults of this year when complete.

When it is considered that we give the highest grade of
education to Indians at the lowest cost it would seem that
money applicable for Indian education could not be better
spared.

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 17

24

3-Dawes,

Our country system was never more successful. There are now out for the Summer or longer periods 433 students with 200 applications from suitable parties refused because we are not able to supply them with those who are enough advanced to give satisfaction.

This demand for Indian help makes it possible for us to care for 1000 students on the appropriation asked for, make all the needed improvements and pay the debt. The system is, work on farms for pay during the Summer months, go to school 4 months in the Winter, working for board and washing. The money earned belongs to the students, and is in the handling a great means of education in itself, leading to a self-reliant feeling, and clearly placing above dependence on Government rations.

I have written to Mr. Perkins setting forth the facts in regard to Carlisle in a somewhat similar manner, hoping that the Committee might so far reconsider their action as to provide at least for the debt, if not the whole amount asked for. If they should fail in this I respectfully ask in the name of our absent head, Capt. Pratt, that the matter may receive the favorable consideration of the Senate Committee when brought before it.

Very respectfully yours

Ass't Supt.

In ch'g

VOL. 17

35

June 26, 1890.

Hon. John Wanamaker,
Postmaster General,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear sir:

About Nine years ago your Department furnished me with a copy of its Postal Route Map of Pennsylvania. This has been very useful to us in our system of placing pupils in families; enabling us to get a better idea of points we wished to reach.

VOL. 17

June 27th, 1890.

Hon. R. L. Dawes,
United States Senate,
Washington, D.C.

Sir:

I have had an individual statement made covering a portion of our returned students at the Cheyenne Agency against whom Senator Plumb made his allegations. From this it appears that 29 are doing well, 23 are doing fairly well and 14 are failures. 27 others are yet to be heard from, and if you desire it, we soon as I get the additional information I will forward to your Committee.

You will remember that I told you we are now collecting this information, but it takes time. While there are failures a plenty, the proportion does not exceed what I claimed. I can send this statement of names and facts but you said you wanted only the general results.

I do not attempt to dispute what Senator Plumb stated through any opposition on my part to favor the remanding of Indian children to Agents. The whole Agency system is calculated to deprive, degrade and debauch. It has never built up manhood and never will, and unless we can break it up and not only opine way but parry and if need be force the

VOL. 17

39

2 Hon. H. L. Dawes.

Indians out into our life very soon, we might pretty nearly
as well quit the whole business. What Senator Plumb said
or presents itself to me only in the light of self-impeachment of
the official character and services of his witnesses. On the
reservation the Indian Agent is absolute as the executive of
the Government to see that law, order and decency are enforced.
He has all the power necessary to do this. No conditions
such as Senator Plumb describes could exist at Cheyenne or any
Agency except through the connivance by inaction and ineffi-
ciency of the Agent. They would not occur under a John D.
Miles or a McGillycuddy, or any Agent of worth.

The Commanding Officers of adjacent Military Posts rep-
resent the police power of the United States Government, and
are amply provided with forces to put down wrong and push the
right. If such evils exist within their jurisdiction it is
because they are parties to them either by inaction or conni-
vance. I submit that their own testimony criminates both the
Indian Agent at Cheyenne Agency and the Commanding Officer at
Fort Hene, and proves that each in his sphere is not only in-
competent but criminal in that they permit the state of things
they allege exists. If the Indian Agent did his duty no
young Indian man returning from the Carlisle or any other

VOL. 17

40

5 Hon. H. L. Dawes.

school, nor any Indian young man never at school would have
morality of wives; and not only returned girls from remote
schools, but girls from the Agency schools and even girls who
were never at school would receive such protection as would
make the offences complained of impossible.

No new law is required to secure suppression. Common
decency and common decency not only enable a suppression but re-
quire it. I have known both Indian Agents and Military Offi-
cers under whose control such things could not be, and that
too when it was far more difficult to handle Indians than it
is now.

I have not the slightest objection to a copy of this let-
ter going to both Agent Ashley and Col. Wade, nor to its being
used in any way you think best.

With great respect,

Your obedient servant,

Capt. & Supt!

VOL. 17

45

June 28th, 1890.

Miss Fanny P. Hardy,

Brewer, Me.

My Dear Miss Hardy:

Mr. Standing hands me your note of June 24th in reference to Miss Snow. I should be very glad indeed to meet your friendly wishes in any way, and it annoys me to feel that in this case I cannot do so.

My employe force is regularly made up and authorized by the Department each year, and it is not practicable for me to make use of temporary help. General Armstrong has very much more latitude in the management of the affairs of his School than I have in mine, and I should think he might make use of Miss Snow there.

The harmony of my work has been maintained all these years very largely because of continuing old and faithful employes, and I make it a point whenever engaging the services of a new employe to make it a condition that they are to remain permanently, if we and they are satisfied. I would not care to have Hampton educate my employes, and have no doubt Hampton would object to my educating hers.

Mrs. Pratt and I are just back from a grand trip of four

VOL. 17

47

June 30th, 1890.

Hon. T. J. Morgan,

Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

Dear General:

If there is any hitch about increasing the appropriation
for Carlisle I would think well of leaving it at the same a-
mount given by the House, but giving us authority from that
amount to make all repairs and improvements, and pay the five
thousand dollar debt, as we requested.

If we can have lee-way we can provide the additional dor-
ritory for the girls, the new store-house, the barn, the black-
smith shop, fence the grounds, lay the walks, pay the debt on
the gymnasium and have ninety to ninety-three dollars left.
This would give us from ten to thirteen thousand dollars for
transportation of pupils and leave us eighty thousand dollars
the same as we had last year for support. With this I can
carry from 700 to 750 pupils easily, and be ready next year
for the thousand at $100,000.

VOL. 17

48

July 1st, 1890.

From: Theo. A. Schurr,
Pittsfield, Mass.

My Dear Professor:

I am just back from a four months absence to Japan,
and have received box containing family group.

I am very much obliged to you for your kindness in the
matter, and while it is something of a curiosity, I am sorry
that you have taken the trouble to do so much for me, and
must heartily thank you for it.

In regard to your coming here I do not at present see my
way to arrange that, because it would be a feature of the
School so much above our plan as to attract attention and
especially the criticism of our enemies in Congress, who harp
a good deal against higher education for Indians.

VOL. 17

49

July 1st, 1890.

Miss Hannah M. Robinson,
Secretary's Office, Depart. of Interior,
Washington, D.C.

Dear Miss Robinson:

Your kind note of the 19th of March was received at the School twenty days after I had left for Japan. I had many obstacles thrown in the way of my going, but overcame them by hook or crook, and went, taking Mrs. Pratt along.

We had a grand four months, with just about as much experience as could be crowded into that length of time. I expect to be talking Japan the rest of my natural life.

Thank you for the kind interest your note shows in my affairs. I am glad our good Secretary is wise enough to keep such a handy person as you around even at my loss of not having you here.

I was disappointed that you did not visit us. May be you will some other time.

VOL. 17

52

July 1st, 1890.

Rev. Dr. T. S. Childs,

1608 Connecticut Ave.,
Washington, D.C.

Dear Doctor:

Mrs. Pratt and I left America for Japan early in March, and have just returned. We had about two months in the Mikado's Empire and went as far South as Kobe, and as far North as Nikko, but spent most of our time in Tokio and Yokohama.

I return and take up the fight with better health and I trust more wisdom and skill gained by the experience. My Chaplain, when I told him I was going said, that was as good as a University education. I have not realized that the benefit was as great as that, but certainly it has been considerable.

Mrs. Pratt and I are ready to receive you and Mrs. Childs, and the young ladies, at any time now, and trust that you will not fail to visit us soon.

To me the attempt to introduce through the Indian Bill more Catholicism into the Indian School work forebodes only disaster. I am in favor, most decidedly, of wiping out all connection between Church and State, and believe that it is a violation of our principles of Government dangerous to our future.

VOL. 17

S. Rev. Dr. T.S. Childs.

In regard to Hampton I think you are quite right. There
must be an end to all things. The end of the course pursued
towards us I hope is passed and that we are now divorced.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Childs and the young la-
dies.

VOL. 17

54

July 1st, 1890.

C. R. Wood, G. P. A.,

Philadelphia, Penna.

Dear Sir:

When we arrived at San Francisco on our return from Japan, information received there made it necessary for me to forego the trip to Yellowstone Park, contemplated when we started out, and to return home by the most expeditious route. I endeavored to get our return tickets changed but was unable to do so except that portion between San Francisco and Portland. For this portion of the route MR Goodman of the Southern Pacific was kind enough to change his order and make good to Ogden, Utah. At that point I was compelled to purchase tickets through to Carlisle, which cost $67.50 each. I return our tickets from Portland through to Harrisburg and trust you may be able to redeem them and in a measure offset the expense of tickets from Ogden to Harrisburg.

We had a grand trip, and for your kindness in transportation matters I am greatly obliged.

VOL. 17

56

July 2d, 1890.

Cecelia Londrosh,
Normal School,
Millersville, Pa.

Dear Cecelia:

While we are needing you here, and I should be glad to
have you come as soon as your Commencement exercises are over,
I must, of course, yield to Dr. Lyte, and permit you to re-
main three or four days if he has use for you.

I have written Clara to remain until Commencement ex-
ercises are over.

Your friend,

VOL. 17

57

July 3d, 1890.

James F. Meserve,
Sept. Haskell Institute,
Lawrence, Kansas.

My Dear Meserve:

The young man was here with his clock, and made such guarantees as inclined me to authorize him to present us an estimate. He has not presented his estimate, nor have I entered into any compact with him about it. When we get our appropriation, I shall try one, and hold him to his guarantee. After trial, if we are satisfied, I shall pay him for it. I think it is a good thing. It can be regulated to make all the announcements for each day—Sundays and Saturdays included.

The letter you enclosed is herewith returned.

VOL. 17

July 3d, 1890.

Miss Lydia Flint.
Seneca, Mo.

Dear Lydia:

I forward herewith your ticket from Seneca to Hagerstown.
Also an order for one ticket, Hagerstown to Carlisle. When
you arrive at Hagerstown, on your return, present this order
to the ticket Agent, and he will give you a half-rate ticket
from that point to Carlisle. This will cost you 85 cents.

Hope you have a pleasant trip home, and that your vacation will be all that you anticipate.

Cordially your friend,

VOL. 17

59

July 5th, 1890.

My Dear Professor:

I have your letter in reference to the cost of the case.
I am very, very sorry about it all. I am entirely unable to
indulge in a luxury costing so much, and I beg that you will
allow me to return it to you. I will pay the cost of trans-
portation, and let you find some one whose finances will en-
able them to stand that sort of thing.

If you had intimated to me anything of the cost, I
should have said no, very promptly at the time.

VOL. 17

60

July 5th, 1890.

Levi Levering,

Y.M.C.A. Convention,

East Northfield, Mass.

My Dear Levi:

I have received your two letters giving your pleasant experiences, and am delighted that you have such a grand out- ing. Certainly it will do you no end of good. Your whole future life will be full of the memories of the associations you have had of this character, and I have no doubt they will be great strength to you.

All goes well with us at the School. We have no Indian appropriation yet, and the home-going party is not made up.

VOL. 17

61

July 5th, 1890.

L. J. Ellis, G.E.P.A.,
303 Broadway, N.Y.

My Dear Mr. Ellis;

I return to you herewith ticket from Kansas City to Ha-
gerstown which you were kind enough to provide for Mrs. Pratt.
Being invited to go to Japan, I took Mrs. Pratt with me and
picked her up at Denver. On our return we came home by ane-
other route in order to visit our children. I did thank you
at the time for your kindness in this matter and I repeat it.

I send you check today covering balance due you--money
having just been placed to my credit in New York.

Very sincerely,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 17

62

July 5th, 1890.

Gct. T. Nicholson,
Yapeka, Kas.

My Dear Sir.

Before Mrs. Pratt returned to Carlisle last Spring I concluded to take a trip to Japan, and picked her up at Denver, and took her with me; she accordingly did not need the return ticket you so kindly gave, Denver to Kansas City, and it is herewith returned.

For your great kindness in this matter, I am obliged.

VOL. 17

63

July 7th, 1890.

Isabella Two Bogs,

Pine Ridge Agency, Dak.

Dear Isabella:

I am greatly pleased to get your prompt note this morn-
ing telling me of your safe arrival, and that you have been
met and cared for by your friends. I trust the good air of
your home may bring you health and strength, and I shall be
pleased to hear from you again. My kind regards to your
father and family.

Miss Seabrook returned Friday, and goes on her leave today. Most of the teachers have gone away for their vacations.

With kind regards and best wishes,

Your friend,

VOL. 17

64

July 7th, 1890.

Mrs. Emma Pratt,
Marion, Ind.

Dear Sister:

I have yours of the 28th of June with the enclosures. I intended these for your own needs, but of course I am glad if you are able to get on without them. We had a grand trip, and I come home with much better health, as does Laura; and a stock of experiences that will help me greatly through the rest of my natural life.

Mother has not written me yet, and I know nothing of her affairs or whereabouts. I should be glad to hear from you. I trust that Seth's health will improve under this ad-mirable weather, and that now all your affairs will come to better shape.

With love to Seth,

VOL. 17

65

July 7th, 1890/

Prof. E. Buckley,

Doshishi College, Kyoto, Japan.

My Dear Professor:

I sent you, if I did not write, my thanks for the photographs you kindly sent. I shall hope to use them in favor of your work. On Tuesday night of this week I am to talk to our Presbyterian people of the town about Japan and illustrate it with my lantern slides. Our churches have been helping some of the schools in Tokyo.

We had a delightful voyage home. Wind in our favor most all the way, and no heavy seas until the last day. Going over I was sick almost all the way; coming back I was not sick a minute. The large number of passengers were generally to be found enjoying themselves either on deck or in the social rooms throughout the whole voyage. Poor Miss Dogura suffered more perhaps than any one else. Home sickness and a change of food, added to the first ocean experience were too much for her, but she came through safely and towards the last rallied and enjoyed the new experiences.

We left Mr. and Mrs. Morris, Miss Haines and Miss Dogura at Cheyenne, Wyoming, and turned aside to Denver to see our daughter and grandchild. Mrs. Morris was quite ill at the

VOL. 17

last of her railroad ride, and has continued so since her ar-
val home. A note from Mr. Morris tells me she is improving
and proposes to go to the mountains this week. Since our ar-
val home the weather has been perfect, and Carlisle seems
far more delightful and beautiful to us than any of Japan we
saw.

It has been a pleasure to find a number of people who
knew your Mr. Neesima. Where I can say a word in behalf of
your work, or of the special need for a church, you speak of,
I will gladly do so. Unfortunately the demands upon me per-
sonally are so large and fixed in their direction that I can-
not aid you myself.

I shall never forget the ride you and I had down that
long line of people in advance of the Mikado. It was an ex-
perience of a life-time, and I trust if you come to America
and can make it convenient to give us a good visit at Carlisle
you will not fail to do so. It will be a great pleasure to
receive a visit from you.

With kindest regards to all the good friends we met in
Kyoto from both Mrs. Pratt and myself,

VOL. 17

July 7th, 1890.

Mrs. M. M. Allen,
St. Louis, Mo.

Dear Mama:

The question about Katie Grindrod comes up again this year. She graduated as you will perhaps remember last year, but came back to go over a part of the ground again. She writes me the enclosed letter. On consultation with Miss Irvin and Miss Fisher I am satisfied that her choice is a wise one and that we had better give her the full chance she desires to learn the art of dress-making. She is a sweet, good girl—in every way to be recommended. Quick, intelligent, and has the leading voice in our choir. If you take her I should like if it might be arranged for her to receive some vocal training.

She would be pleasant and companionable about your house.
Trusty in your absence.

I send you photograph of the Graduating Class, fearing
you have none in which she appears. Please let me know
early as you can.

VOL. 17

72

July 9th, 1890.

Hon. H. L. Dawes,

United States Senate.

Dear Senator Dawes:

We are in a good deal of a crisis in Indian School met-
ters, and I feel, are being led into mistaken courses. It
seems a duty to say a word to you, which, in part, can best
be said by sending you copies of letters of mine to General
Morgan; also a copy of a paragraph which I urged shall be the
moving clause in his new Rules and Regulations for Indian
Schools.

In my judgment we shall do far better to have less schools,
or no schools at all, unless we can work them right. The Sioux
tribe will give far more trouble educated as a tribe, than it
does now. If the Indians are too good to take our education
and then join in with the rest of us and struggle for exist-
ence, we had better leave them to struggle along on their old
ignorant lines and die out. There is no trouble in preparing
young Indians for and getting them into civilized life. I
will take every one of the young Indians we sent back to the
Cheyenne Agency of whom Senator Plumb complains, and inside
of a week have four-fifths of them out on farms earning wages
and living for themselves, and they will give no trouble and

VOL. 17

3 Hon. H. L. Dawes.

be no expense to the United States. Is it not strange that
there should be no complaint here and so much when they go
back to Agencies. 431 of our girls and boys are out in fam-
ilies now, and their earnings this month will be over $3500.
Ought this not to lead to some different conclusions and
actions for the whole work?

If it is to go against these notions then I shall hope
there will come a way to relieve me from service here before
long. I shall have little heart to work along lines so en-
tirely against my experience and convictions.

In reference to the protest to Congress against the
Catholics, a copy of which I have received from Mr. Jay, I
say we ought to get rid of Catholics and all other denomina-
tions, in the Government School service. Aside from the
other points presented by the League, it is absurd on its face
that foreign priests and teachers, many of them not naturali-
ized, unable to use our language, should come here and show us
how to Americanize the Indian.

With great respect,

VOL. 17

74

Personal

July 9th, 1890.

Hon. T. J. Morgan,
Comdr of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

Dear General:

I send two articles from the pen of Miss Goodale. She is more eager for the dollars she can get from Newspaper and Magazine correspondence than she is for those she can get for Government work. She fought the work of the Sioux Commission of which I was Chairman and adjourned her Government school a fortnight to be present at our councils at Lower Brule and write us down. You see in these articles she attacks Congress and everybody else. Suppose I were to answer her, there would be some dirty linen washed, which might please the newspapers but would it help the service?

The article from the April New England Magazine is illogical in that she draws a hard picture of the Reservations, Agencies and Agents and then blames me for wanting to get the youth into better lines. That from the Evening Post is also illogical in that she is in charge of Schools in Dakota and claims that the Sioux shall direct as to Schools and then urges Home Schools, which only means that she herself shall have the say.

VOL. 17

75

July 10th, 1890.

Phoebe Howell

Penna. Hospital,
Philadelphia.

Mr. Dear Phoebe:

Your letter brings me great pleasure. I had from Miss Irvine and through a letter from Miss Hintze your excellent progress and your faithful work, and was gratified; and now to have such a nice letter from you adds to my satisfaction in you and your brave attempt to fit yourself for a useful life.

When your vacation time arrives if you care to come to
Carlisle for it, we shall be most happy to see you here. If
on the other hand Mr. and Mrs. Morris desire to have you go
there and it is your wish to do so, do that. I shall doubt-
less see you before a great while; just when I cannot say.
Mrs. Pratt and I are intending to visit Philadelphia within a
few weeks.

You do well to save your grass money, and all the other
money that you can. It will come in nice later on.

Both Mrs. Pratt and I were benefited by our trip to Ja-
pan, and I of course have a great deal to talk about in the
future. Mrs. Pratt has written up our trip quite fully, and

VOL. 17

3. Fosse Bees.

it is being printed in the Redman from month to month. There
are three letters yet to come.

Please give my kind regards to Miss Hintze, and believe
me, my dear Phebe,

July 10th, 1890.

Theo. A. Schurr.
Pittsfield, Mass.

My Dear Professor:

I dislike very much to expend any money just now for
such a purpose, but in view of your letter I enclose my check
for $10 for the case.

Should it occur at any time that you could use it for
some one else having the same number of photographs it will
be at your disposal on the return mark to me of that amount.

VOL. 17

80

July 14, 1890.

Miss Anne Balderston
Colora, Md.,

Dear friends:

I shall need a person who is capable of taking charge of our dining room with 500 students at meal time; directing the girls in the care of it; maintaining discipline at meals, and in case of emergency attending to the devotional exercises. Also capable of giving regular lessons to classes of girls in cooking.

She should be moderately young, healthy and equal to good hard work. If the person you write of is such an one, the best way is for her to present herself here at Carlisle and talk it over with me. Should I employ her she will pay the expenses of trip; should I not employ her I will pay them here and back. I go to Washington to-day; may not return before Wednesday or Thursday.

Thanks for your kind congratulations to Mrs Pratt and myself. Our trip was a grand one and will serve us many good turns. You had better let Rebecca run up to Carlisle and see me the last of the week. I enclose a ticket for her.

VOL. 17

July 18th, 1890.

J. M. Shark.

Carlirose, Pa.

Dear Sir:

Mrs. Pratt is in Philadelphia and will not return until
tomorrow night, and I go there to-morrow, so that I cannot
use your carriage, but if I may have it one day next week I
will be glad to test it.

July 18th, 1890.

J. Nelson Wisner, Attr.,
Martinsburg, W. Va.

My Dear Mr. Wisner:

I am sorry not to be able to accommodate you. My tent-
age is worn out and has been inspected and condemned and sold
and having no special use for it any more I have not renewed
it. Wish I had some good tents and could be with you on your
camping expeditions, but I have not the tents and cannot
leave here at this juncture.

Why do you not come down and see me sometime?

VOL. 17

84

July 18th, 1890.

Julia Givem,
College Station, Md.

My Dear Julia:

I have your letter in which you tell me of your con-
clusion to hold to your first conclusion and stick to Car-
lisle at least one more year. I believe you are right about
it, and I am pleased that you have arrived at this decision
yourself. I saw Major Alvord in the Capitol in Washington,
and had quite a little talk about you. It makes me happy
that you are getting on so nicely. I trust you will make
yourself perfectly contented and happy until school begins
then I perhaps it will be best for you to come here and take
up your regular school life again and make the most of your
chances.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Alvord,

VOL. 17

85

July 18th, 1890/

John C. Groome,

20 W. Main St., Carlisle.

MyDear Mr. Groome:

I have your full letter and have had some conversation
with the parties from which it appears to me that you have
taken to heart rather more than the occasion warranted the
remarks made by Miss Burgess. She had not the slightest in-
tention of making any personal allusions or reflections. She
is a jovial, rather fearless newspaper woman as you perhaps
know, and has a peculiar method of remark as such people
generally have. If I were you I should pay no attention to
it and let it drop. M It was merely a little bantering that
you might have used in bantering back, and than you would not
have had any reason to feel uncomfortable.

VOL. 17

86

July 18th, 1890.

WILLIAM F. CAMPBELL,

White Earth Agency, Minn.

My Dear Friends:

I submitted your letter and the letters of Mr. Nelson and Pres. Northrup to the Commissioner. Fortunately Mr. Rice, of the Chippewa Commission, was present, and heartily endorsed my recommendation of you.

The Commissioner said this, that when you were established in your school and doing well, if I would submit to him your case and its needs, he thought he could make an allowance of $100 towards your expenses. You have therefore to keep me informed, and I will attend to it. Herein are your letters from Mr. Nelson and Pres't Northrup.

I am about to make arrangements for in-coming students for the ensuing year. Some correspondence has been carried on by Mr. Standing with a Mr. Johnson at your Agency. Mr. Rice spoke warmly of a young man who is a cripple, but who has special artistic ability and who is anxious to come here. His name is Star Bad Boy. We shall no doubt arrange with the Agent for a party from White Earth, and I shall be glad to have you use your efforts in our behalf to secure only those who are advanced, worthy and of good character. We

VOL. 17

89

July 22d, 1890.

F. B. Kennedy, Pres't,
Cumberland Valley R.R.
Chambersburg, Pa.

Dear Sirs:

Three times since I returned from Japan, I have attempted to take the early morning train from Carlisle to make connections for Washington or Philadelphia, and each time the train has been late and I have been thrown off the track and very greatly inconvenienced.

I find that this experience has been common to others, that the early morning train waiting for the Shenandoah connection is about three-fourths of the time late.

It may be that you know of this and my reporting it is unnecessary, but if not, I am justified in calling your attention to it.

It would be a very great convenience to us all if we could be reasonably sure of getting to Philadelphia or Washington on the connections this early train would make if it was on time.

VOL. 17

90

July 22d, 1890.

Dr. A. B. McCandless,
Holton, Kas.

My Dear Doctor:

In a little conversation with the Commissioner some time ago he expressed satisfaction at having you there. I explained the situation to him, as I understood it, and I have no doubt but that he will meet you half way in any recommendations you make. It is certainly valuable to the Indians to have the citizens near them interested in their welfare. You and your partner, from your location, can do much to grow up a proper feeling between the citizens and the Indians.

Anything I can say for you, you may rely upon my saying it.

Commissioner Morgan spent Sunday with me, and is urging and planning for us to take a thousand children here next year.

VOL. 17

July 22d, 1890.

Mrs. A. B. Evans,
Ouray, Col.

Dear Madam:

This School is only for Indians. You have probably got us mixed with Hampton Institute at Hampton, Va.

I advise you write General Armstrong, at Hampton, about your daughter.

VOL. 17

94

July 23d, 890.

A.B.Young, Sec't of the Board,
Manheim, Pa.

Dear Sir:

With us our system of heating is quite as good as anything we know of up to this time. I should be glad to see the members of your Board here and give them any information and chance to see what we have that I can.

VOL. 17

95

July 28th, 1890.

George Williams,

Yardleyville, Pa.

Dear George:

I have your letter explaining what you desire with reference to remaining East and being free from Carlisle. I understand by it that you wish to become entirely responsible for yourself,—that you intend to pursue your studies and to make your own way and that you feel able to do this. In my judgment you have taken a proper and a very high stand, and I most cheerfully concede to you the privilege you ask.

I shall drop you from the returns of Carlisle, and leave
you to hoe your own row, with this proviso, that you keep me
informed occasionally of your whereabouts and of your success
and in case of need that you will feel that Carlisle is your
home and can and will receive you back and take care of you.

Wishing you God-speed in what you have in mind, I am,

VOL. 17

July 26th, 1890.

Peter J. Powlas,

Oneida, Wis:

My Dear Peter:

Thanks for your congratulations. We had a grand trip.
From San Francisco, 200 miles without sail or land in sight
our lone vessel plowed ahead for fourteen days. We had rough
weather going and most everybody was sick throughout the voy-
ages, delightful weather returning, scarcely anybody sick.

While in Japan it seemed very like we were among a high-
er class of Indians. The people, with their nut brown color,
black hair and black eyes, were very like our Indians. I did
not see a man in the Empire as tall as you, Peter. Five feet
three was about the average height of the men and the women
I think below five. They are the cutest, most industrious,
active little people in the world, I guess. They feel big
enough to tackle almost any problem. They are just now endea-
voring to swallow our civilization whole and it looks as if
they would do it. Railroads, telegraph lines, telephones,
electric light, changing their mode of dress, manufacturing
many of our improved machines and even taking our English in
their Public schools. They are attempting too a form of
constitutional government and have just elected members of a

VOL. 17

97

2 Peter J. Fowles.

House of Parliament. Our Indian boys and girls think it hard to go from their reservations to Carlisle to get an education and yet 100,000 Japanese youth would gladly leave their country and come to America if they had the chance to enter our schools and take on our language and education. Many boys and girls begged me to give them a chance to come here.

About pupils for Carlisle, the Commissioner is determined that we shall raise the standard of Carlisle and has just given orders that so far as practicable all in-coming students shall be in the third reader grade or above it; that they shall enter Carlisle with the full determination to graduate from our Grammar grade. Now I am prepared to take another party of Oneidas if they are thus qualified. Want them healthy--full of the determination to make their education a success. Do not want any that would be incessantly begging me to allow them to return home before their time or whose parents will apply. If the Government is willing to undertake their education they ought and their parents ought to be willing to consent to the separation for the time needed for that.

Dennison is going home for a month and he can bring back a party. Shall I depend on you to help him? I do not care if it is as many as 16, not less than 1-3 girls, half if you

VOL. 17

S. Peter J. Powlas.

Can make it so. If they are of the right sort we will welcome them here, but if not of the right sort do not think of sending them for a moment.

With kindest regards to your wife and best wishes for
you in your home work,

Faithfully your friend,

July 28th, 1890.

President George W. Etherton,

Penna. State College, Center Co., Pa.

My Dear Doctor:

The two copies of your Report are received. They will
be serviceable, and I am greatly obliged.

Very truly yours,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 17

July 28th, 1890.

Miss E. L. Fisher,

210 Locust Street,
Detroit, Mich.

My Dear Miss Fisher:

At my expense please go and see Miss White and report.
The home-going party leave to-morrow, I hope. We have had
considerable trouble in arranging matters, but I guess now
it is all right.

Miss Luckenbach and Miss McAdam left Friday night for
Glen Falls. The Senate Committee kindly gave me the $5000 to
pay balance of debt due on the Gymnasium, and the two commit-
tees in Conference will fix our appropriation so that I may
go ahead with the buildings we had contemplated untrammelled.
A number of students have signified to the Indian Department
their desire to come to Carlisle: - Quite a little party of
Nez Perces, some Shoshones and Bannocks, Oneidas from Wis.,
some Winnebagoes and Omahans, and Quapaws. We shall probably
also have a small party of Navajoes.

General Morgan has issued instructions that hereafter we
shall so far as practicable find our recruits for the School
to those in or above the Third Reader Grade. That they shall

VOL. 17

101

July 29th, 1890.

To W. Potter,

El Rene, I.T.

My Dear Mr. Potter:

I have had so little weight with the Department in regard to employes that I have about made up my mind to let matters alone the rest of this Administration. If the Department asks me about you I could of course speak a good word for you, but beyond that I believe I had better not go any more.

In regard to students from the South-west, we are so full and so many are offering from every quarter it will not be necessary for us to make any special effort down there. There seems to be a general disposition at Cheyenne Agency to degrade, debase and debauch our returned students. That being the case it does not seem to me wise to continue to give them opportunities of that kind.

VOL. 17

102

July 29th, 1890.

Rev. W. H. Pearson,
Post Chaplain,
Alcatray Island, Cal.

My Dear Mr. Pearson:

Thank you for the clipping from the San Francisco Chronicle.

I do not know what the conditions are at Mount Vemon.
Have not heard of the assignment of Chaplain Keen. The Apaches seem to be about the biggest elephant the Government has ever had on hand of that kind. I have just received one here from Governors Island, who had to be removed from Mount Vemon because of the animus of his fellow prisoners against him.

I hope something may work out for them sometime. Their treatment is about as unrighteous a proceeding as recorded in the history of the world.

VOL. 17

103

July 30th, 1890.

Miss Alice C. Fletcher,
Fort Lapwai, Idaho.

My Dear Miss Fletcher:

I have been intending for Lo, these many days, to write you, but having no base from which to strike I have been unable to say anything. I am now equipped with authority to bring a party of Nez Perces to Carlisle. The Agent has reported to the Indian Office those who are ready to come--two of the Office only of whom are girls. Under instructions I have written fully today. I also write to you that we should have from fifteen to twenty and not less than 1-3 of them girls. We want no small ones. None below 12, preferably none below 14, and if possible we want them in or above the Third Reader Grade. We are not taking many students into Carlisle this year for the reason that we have already about 700 left after the home-goers are sent away. On the Appropriation as arranged we shall not be able to carry above 800,—300 of whom I shall keep out in families. Whatever help you can give in these matters I shall be grateful for. Everything depends on our having healthy students from the Nez Perces, as you know it would be easy to send us a consumptive, serofulous lot who, on course would probably die even at their Agency in

VOL. 17

2 Miss Alice C. Fletcher.

the course of a few years. I shall have the most careful
examination made of them on arrival here and any carelessness
of us forwarding them will be reported to the authorities in
Washington.

I would like to write pages but it is not best. Things
are not at all on my lines as you have perhaps discovered by
this. Morgan's Public School System for the Indian craze is,
in my judgment, worse than no school at all. It would leave
the Indians to be handled by Indian Defence and Indian
Rights Associations forever. Indeed I believe his labors are
principally guided by the Indian Rights Bureaucrat.

Mrs. Pratt and I greatly enjoyed our visit to Japan, and
there are further letters from Mrs. Pratt to come out in the
Red Man which will give you accounts. I think the general
health of both of us was improved. When I lay down the
cares of service and state and take my place on the retired
list I hope to make a longer trip and take in something of
the celestial empire. It was like being in another world.

Our warmest regards to Miss Gay.

VOL. 17

July 31st, 1890.

C. W. Chickeney,

Keshena, Wis.

My Dear Charley:

I have sent Dennison Wheelock to the Oneida Agency for his August vacation and instructed him under orders of the Honorable Commissioner of Indian Affairs to bring back with him any advanced pupils from the Oneidas, Menominee or Stock-bridges. We do not want any below the third reader grade and they must all be in good health, come to us to remain until they graduate from our Grammar grade. There must be at least 1-3 girls.

I send your letter to Dennison, and as he will visit Keshena and see the Agent, you had better yourself show this letter to the Agent and place yourself on the list of those who desire to come to us from among the Menominees. I should be very glad to have you here if the Agent approves of your coming.

VOL. 17

July 31st, 1890.

Dr. Carlos Montezuma,
White Rock, Western Shoshone Agency, Nev.

My Dear Carlos:

Thank you for your little note. The Commissioner stated to me that you made out the best case but it was necessary to make a change and so he sent you elsewhere. I trust you will fulfill to the letter the high resolves you have made, to stand for a good deal in the Indian service, and your success will mean much help and encouragement to others who get forward on to the higher plane.

I trust your new duties will be much more agreeable to you than the old and that you will keep me informed from time to time in regard to yourself and any interesting matters relating to the Indians at your Agency or in that section. K

I am just planning to bring a little party of students from Fort Hall and another from the Nez Perces Agency. They are the most advanced at the schools in these places and come to us with the purpose of graduating from our course.

We deep interest in your welfare and best wishes for you

VOL. 17

109

July 31st, 1890.

Miss M. H. Cooke,
Seneca, Md.

Dear Miss Cooke:

Although if you were here we could use you very well I
feel so anxious you should recuperate to the fullest extent
I shall not ask you to return, you yourself determine to do so
until

Miss Stanton and Miss Rote return this evening. Miss
Cutter, Miss Botsford and Miss Wood leave us tonight at mid-
night. Miss Merritt expected to return August 1st, but I
have no word from her. If she does not return Miss Stanton
will be the only teacher present on the grounds, through
August.

One of our Belknap boys, Bishop L. Shield died last
night of pneumonia aggravated by a fall. Godfrey Palachay
an Apache boy will probably not last through the day the re-
sult of an excessive hemorrhage through the nostril. Other-
wise we are in excellent condition.

The home-party left ХЕЗЖЕХЕЗХЕЗ Tuesday evening.,70 strong

VOL. 17

110

August 1st, 1890.

To the

Adjutant General, U.S.A.,
Washington, D.C.

Sir

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress, ap-
proved June 27, —per S. O. No. 194, Headquarters of the Army
A.G.O. August 23, and letter of instructions from the Hon.
Secretary of the Interior, dated September 6,—all 1879.

My address for the next month is as above.

VOL. 17

August 1st, 1890.

To the
Adjutant 10th U.S. Cav'y,
Fort Apache, Arizona.

Sir:

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress, ap-
proved June 27, per S.O. No. 184, Headquarters of the Army,
A.G.O. August 23, and letter of instructions from the Hon.
Secretary of the Interior, dated September 6, all 1879.

VOL. 17

112

Telegram.

August 4th, 1890.

A. W. Middleton, E.P.A.,

261 Broadway, New York City.

My School Physician with his family wants three tickets Carlisle to Los Angeles, Cal. Can he have tickets via Warner Excursions and what date, or can you make as low through rate for him. Please answer immediately.

Pratt,
Capt.

August, 1890.

Mr. Henry A. Kennerly,

Plegan, Mont.

MyDear Mr. Kennerly:

Your other boy has been so unfortunate as to hurt himself
in eating green apples or something of the kind. He has had
a bowel trouble which has sent him to the Hospital. But I am
glad to tell you that he is about over it now and will be
out to-morrow.

The broken arm is fully restored to its normal condition.

VOL. 17

August , 1890.

Lugena Chouteau,

Seneca, Missouri.

Dear Miss Chouteau:

While I should be very glad to have you and your sister
come in with Charley as you intend, it has been the establish-
ed policy of the Department not to transfer from one School
to another. Indians, particularly those belonging to the
wildemx tribes, are so changeable in their dispositions as
to give no end of annoyance along these lines if once the
door is opened. However you are only two days by mail from
your brother and he the same distance from you. There is no
reason why you could not be practically at home with each
other even though separated, as far as Haskell is from Car-
lisle.

VOL. 17

114

August , 1890.

Dear General Morgan:

I enclose to you a slip from the Star which I first
thought of using in the Red Man, but on further consideration
I saw a possible objection to making it so public and prom-
inent among our friends as the publication of it in the Red
Man would do. If it should get among our patrons in Pennsyl-
vania that the Government was paying the Public School ex-
penses of Indian children, we might expect objections would
arise in regard to taking our children as they have been do-
ing and claim that the Schools of Pennsylvania are also en-
titled to this assistance. And so I refer the matter to you
with the request that you give me some notion in regard to it
which will enable me to meet this condition should it arise.

Hon. Thos. J. Morgan,
Commissioner.

VOL. 17

115

August 1890.

William H. Harvey,

West Grove, Pa.

My Dear Friend:

We are so extremely busy and shall be so much more so about the time you mention that I hesitate to make any promises. I have arranged for my farmer to make a little trip and look up ensilage matters as we are about to build a large barn and want to make that a feature in it.

Why could you not run over to Carlisle? I think you and Mrs. Harvey owe us a visit KARE ANYHOW.

We are just waiting for the final passage of the Indian Bill to go forward with considerable improvements and we have in addition to that the securing of new pupils and also the arrangement in regard to out-pupils this year, which is larger than in previous years. I do not know how I could get away. I think you can get away better than I can.

About the girl we are doing the best we can for you. X

You do not speak of Richard's future. Mr. Standing gave me the idea that things were coming to a crisis. I shall be sorry if we cannot continue the relations.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Harvey and the children of our School with you,

VOL. 17

116

August 1890.

Henry W. Harvey,

Taylorsville, Pa.

My Dear Mr. Harvey:

I have given David Vanacy such punishment as he will remember as long as he lives, and I have no doubt which will be a thorough preventative against his ever attempting like conduct in the future. I am mortified beyond measure that one of my boys should do such a thing. But they come from all quarters and we cannot tell what their previous training has been. While many of them are undoubtedly good and pure in every way there are many others who have been under the viles influences, and this only makes our duty to them more difficult of performance.

I feel very sorry for you and Mrs. Harvey and your little girl. Sometime when I see you and you will speak to me about it, I will tell you what the punishment was, and I feel sure that you will concur with me that it was much wiser and better than proceeding along the lines of civil law.

VOL. 17

118

August 7th, 1880.

Mr. Charles Aubrey,

Piergan, Mont.

Dear Mr. Aubrey:

I thank you for so kindly sending me your daughter's letter. I handed your letter to Dr. Grinnell to him; also the note to Miss Burgess to her. Dr. Grinnell has already written you. Miss Fisher is away, and I am not able to get at her side of the case, but, from my general knowledge of what the girls do, there, I think your daughter has quite exaggerated the situation. I allow details to the different teachers, and room girls, who are changed every month. I do not do this so much for the benefit of the teachers as the benefit of the girls themselves. My teachers, being nice ladies, and having a girl under special personal care during the month, can do a great deal in the way of instructing them in the care of a room. The personal contact with the teachers amounts to a great deal. It begets a friendly interest in the girl, and besides I require the teachers to pay something for their work. I have left that amount generally to the discretion of the teachers. It may be that things have lapsed considerably, but I will, on the strength of your letter, look up matters when the teachers return from their vacations.

VOL. 17

2 Mr. Charles Aubrey.

I cannot imagine a worse position for a girl than to be
unwilling to take hold of any kind of house-work. I hope I
may never have a girl here who feels above scrubbing out their
own water-closet or doing any other work connected with proper
and cleanly housekeeping. My argument has always been that
it would be better for them to do it for nothing than not to
do it at all. Even if already well equipped in the art
of housekeeping, I should consider it important that they
continue and take the detail in turn in order to keep their
hand in. There are so many girls that these details are not
at all frequent. The number assigned for the teachers is so
limited that there is no interference with the sewing-room or
dining-room work, in turn.

I have just seen both of your daughters and they seem to
me to be in fairly good health,--express themselves so, though
I suppose the Doctor has written you of that. We take so
much better care of our students here than they do in many
of the neighboring white schools of like character that I feel
quite entirely at rest in regard to the other complaints made
by your daughter. I have no doubt that when she gets over
the first feeling of home-sickness and strangeness that she
will be as our students almost universally are entirely
pleased and contented with her new home.

VOL. 17

120

3 Mr. Chas. Aubrey.

In regard to writing letters I require that every girl
shall write home once a month, and in order to see that this
is done I have it attended to in the schoolx rooms, the teach-
ers overlooking the letters. It sometimes happen that there
are some very objectionable statements made by students, who
have been under discipline, but I make it a rule to let their
letters go as they write them, and each studentx has the most
perfect freedom in writing, and in secrecy to their homes,
as often as they choose. When I began here, the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs directed that I should examine all letters
that were sent home, —to allow none to go that contained com-
plaints. I at once said to him that I would not care to
do that; that we proposed to be entirely above reproach in
regard to handling our children and that I should trust that
enough of truth would go home to counteract any exaggeration
of false statements. I have not changed my mind in any de-
gree since then. Alice has got a false notion about the
monthly home letters. I doubt if she can find any students
who have ever felt at all constrained in what they wrote home.
If there is constraint or suspicion I shall take pains to
remove it.

Your girls are both small, and that is the reason we have
not allowed them the liberty of going to town to the Catholic

VOL. 17

121

4 Mr. Chas. Aubrey.

Church. Our habit is to take care of the girls generally on
the Grounds. I allow no girls of any other denomination to
go to any Sunday School in town but the Catholic. There are
plenty of Presbyterians, Methodists, Episcopalians, and other
denominations represented in the School but I take care of
all of them in our own Sunday School on the grounds. The
Catholic Church is aggressive and fault finding, and not wish-
ing to come into collision with it, I have gone farther in
granting privileges to those belonging to that Church than to
any of the others. If it is your wish that your children
should attend the Catholic Sunday School and you signify that
to me I shall cheerfully let them go, whatever I may think
about it. I am simply here _in loco parentis_, and for the
time being intend to carry out the wishes of the parents of
the children where they have sufficient intelligence, as you
have, to express themselves.

The large number of girls coming in from Montana crowded
the work in our sewing-room so that we were unable to fit
them out with new and suitable dresses promptly, as all dresses
are made to fit, it takes more time. They have now been sup-
plied for some weeks with proper summer clothing. The fail-
ure of the Indian Bill to become a law is going to inconve-
nience us, as it will everywhere in regard to winter clothing.

VOL. 17

Mr. Chas. Aubrey

We are entirely out of material and it will not come promptly
after the Bill is passed because the work in New York is so
great. In that case our girls will necessarily be compelled
to wear their old dresses until we can catch up. However
they will not suffer.

I am very much obliged to you for your frank letter and
hope you will continue to treat me with the same openness,
and that all the parents of the children hear at the School
will do the same way. It may happen that an evil may exist
for sometime without my knowing it, and that I might know it
were the parents as frank with me as you have been.

I understand there is to be a party of leading men from
your Agency in Washington before long, and trust that they
may visit the School. I am always glad to have the parents
visit the children here, and especially when men as sensible
as you and Mr. Kennerly do so.

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123

August 7th, 1890.

J. H. Shively,

1329 G. Street, N.W.,

Washington, D.C.

My Dear Mr. Shively:

We shall be glad to see you here early next week as you propose, and will take special interest in giving you any information we may be able.

Your presence in America and appointment in the Indian service is quite a surprise to all of us.

With best wishes for your success.

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125

August 8, 1890.

Hon.Thos. W. Palmer

Prest. Worlds Columbian Commission,
Detroit, Mich.,

Dear Sir:

I venture to suggest to you and to your honorable Commission, that as the historical demands of your great exhibition will require that the Indian be given a prominent place, you do not allow him to come before the world as a savage only, but that you give equal or larger chance to those features of his case showing his progress in civilization. Our exparte school and other histories aided by Buffalo Bill shows, have so disordered and debased the public mind in regard to the Indian as to make his lot a reproach upon the Nation. He is allowed no place with the rest of us. If people knew his real nature and capacity better his way out of savagery and into civilization would be much easier and far more rapid. The Exposition of which you are the honored head happens at an opportune time, and will afford privileges to make known these better qualities and capacity of the Indian, which, if rightly used may and will bring about great changes in his favor.

We who are laboring for Indian citizenship and progress, and the consequent overthrow of the tribe, desire to make a full exhibit of the better side, and look to your honorable Commission that we be not hampered. I trust you will give us a special and friendly committee, well acquainted with the various phases of the

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2-Hon.T.W.Palmer

Indian's present condition, who, though from necessity granting all
the parade of the Indian as a savage necessary to the historical
representations designed to be commemorated will also for the sake
of the race, and the truth of history as well, insist on the more
potential and humane showing of his abilities and progress in the
lines of civilization and self-support.

I note that the Hon. John D. Miles, for so many years promi-
nent as one off our very best and most progressive Indian Agents,
is on your Commission from Oklahoma. To his zeal and intrepid
management the Government is greatly indebted for some of the very
best features of its present Indian management. If in the dis-
tribution of the duties of your Commission you entrust to him and
others like him the arrangement of Indian exhibits, that feature
of your great exposition will not fall below the representation it
deserves.

With great respect

Your obedient servant

Capt.10 Cav'yU.S.A.

Supt.

VOL. 17

August 8th, 1890.

Frank Valier,

Box 20 Baxter Springs, Kas.

Dear Sirs,

As the Government of the United States is expending a
very considerable sum of money in the education of your bro-
ther, and as there is no special reason why it should spend
more in transporting him backwards and forwards, and it seems
a little matter that you should do without seeing him until
after the period of his education and he the same, in order
to forward his education while he has a chance.

It is not practicable nor necessary to send him home and
bring him back as you propose.

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