THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 1973

Italian Masons End Split and Church Enmity Wane

Giuseppe Garibaldi was a
grand master in 1864.

Special to The New York Times

ROME, Sept. 21 — Italy's once-powerful Freemasons have ended a 65-year split amid signs that the enmity of the Roman Catholic Church is waning.

The masonic fraternity, active in Italy since the early 18th century, has been excommunicated by eight Popes. It also played an important role in the nation's unification more than 100 years ago.

Giuseppe Garibaldi, the national hero, was a grand master of the Masons in 1864, and political leaders of the unified Italy were members of the order. The Fascists persecuted the Freemasons and drove them underground.

Yet, for all its history, Italian Freemasonry hardly caused a ripple with the announcement this week that it had healed a split that began in 1908 over religious instruction in state schools, then an explosion

The reunited masonic organization calls itself the Grand Lodge of the Grand Orient of Italy. It claims a membership of 20,000 in 400 lodges.

The Grand Master of the reunited fraternity is Lino Salvini, a professor of medicine at Florence University, who headed the larger one of the two branches that have made peace. The smaller one was

led by Francesco Bellantonio, a Roman tax consultant.

Leading Masons here said privately that they expected the Vatican soon to lift its blanket excommunication of their fraternity. Freemasonry was first

condemned by Pope Clement XII in 1738, 21 years after the Grand Lodge of England was founded. In Italy the first masonic lodge is believed to have been organized in Florence around 1730.

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THE NEW YORK TIMES, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1973

C

9

New York, person-to-person
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It's a people celebration. The people who built our heritage. The people building our future. All of us who live and love New York City. Come, see the sights, meet the people at action-packed Lord & Taylor! Personal appearances, noon to two o'clock through October 24th.

Museums, landmarks, volunteers—

Street Floor. **Today:** Hear spokesmen from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, The Victorian Society, Studio Museum in Harlem, and The American Cancer Society. Meet Kenneth J. Lane, jewelry designer. Dot Roberts from Echo Scarves. An umbrella craftsman from Lusterman & Weiner. **Tomorrow:** Hear spokesmen from the Museum of the American Indian, Hispanic Society of America, The Victorian Society, and Dr. Judianne Densen-Gerber, J. D., M. D., Executive Director and Founder, Odyssey House, introducing her book, "We Mainline Dreams".

Communications—Second Floor.

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UPI

The 56th Secretary

Approved by the Senate 78-7 last week, Henry A. Kissinger was sworn in as the nation's 56th Secretary of State—and the first naturalized U.S. citizen to hold that post. With his proud mother Pau-la, 73, holding the Bible, Kissinger took the oath of office from Chief Justice Warren Burger while his father Louis, 87, son David, 12, and daughter Eliz-abeth, 14, looked on. A beaming Nixon introduced the new top diplomat as a man of “poise, strength, and character.” Kissinger, who with his German-Jew-ish family fled the Nazi regime in 1938,

responded by noting: "There is no country in the world where it is conceivable that a man of my origin could be standing here next to the President of the United States. And if my origin can contribute anything to the formulation of our policy, it is that at an early age I have seen what can happen to a society that is based on hatred and strength and distrust... America has never been true to itself unless it meant something beyond itself. As we work for a world at peace with justice, compassion and humanity, we know that America, in fulfilling man's deepest aspirations, fulfills what is best within it."

THE NATION

Jackson Amendment?

for the amendment, whose backers range the political spectrum from Democrats Edward Kennedy and George McGovern to Republicans Barry Goldwater and John Tower.

Among the most important reasons for this support is a widespread feeling that the U.S. was stung in its wheat deal with the Russians. Many politicians fault the Nixon Administration for not bargaining more shrewdly and feel that it is time now to get whatever the U.S. can in return for any trade concessions. Then too, Jewish influence can be critical in some urban areas. Jewish organizations have been lobbying intensively. Another factor: what legislators consider to be Nixon's usurpation of power. Since the bill would give Nixon authority to set tariff rates, lawmakers feel inclined to attach conditions.

Jackson himself stresses an idealistic aim but argues that the tactics are practical. Freedom to emigrate, he contends,

at his confirmation hearings as Secretary of State, is that to attach this kind of condition to trade amounts to trying to "transform the domestic structure" of the Soviet Union. If the U.S. tries to apply that principle to every nation with whom it deals, "we will find ourselves massively involved in every country in the world." This view has been shared in the past by many liberals in their warnings against the U.S. being a "global policeman" or moral arbiter.

Moreover, the Soviet-U.S. trade agreement signed last year includes a pledge by Nixon that the Russians will get favored-nation treatment; to put strings on that endangers the agreement, threatens détente itself and this, contends Kissinger, would be "a tragedy." Kissinger explains that the Administration has sought more subtly to persuade the Russians to change their emigration policies through secret diplomacy, which he considers more effective than public pressure. In fact, for whatever reason, there has been a sharp increase in Jewish emigration from the Soviet Union in recent years.

The crux of the argument is just how

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Yet, for all its history, Italian Freemasonry hardly caused a ripple with the announcement this week that it had healed a split that began in 1908 over religious instruction in state schools, then an exploitation

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