mark; New York alone among the Amer-
ican cities had more people.

Even these extensive additions did
not contain all the land or people of the
metropolitan area. Beyond the municipal
limits, suburban growth continued un-
abated. To the north, Evanston quickly
developed into a small city. In fact, its
expansion presented Chicago with an
effective barrier to future annexations
on that border. The rapid rise of Oak
Park ultimately had the same effect on
the west. Though settled as early as the
1850's, it did not flourish until the estab-
lishment of good commuting service
thirty years later. But by 1884, the his-
torian A. T. Andreas could describe it
as a "pleasant suburban town" with
"beautifully shaded" streets and "an
unusually large proportion of tasteful
and elegant residences."

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