BOOK REVIEWS

435

The concluding chapter of the book is devoted to the Ideals of the Profession. In the opinion of the author the lawyer cannot fail to recognize the ideals which he ought to pursue in justice to his profession. "His whole work in life is devoted to the definition and establishment of public order under law. No one ought to seek to share in that work, who does not feel its essential nobility, and who is not ready to adorn and defend it with the best that in him lies. His practice may be small; his efforts poor. All the more should he struggle to do his part in making justice in common things known and constant."

Judge Baldwin says:

"The one, unvarying ideal of the legal profession is to advance and perfect the law which it is created to call into action. It is always in danger of pushing this purpose of improvement too far. It is always in greater danger of not carrying it far enough.

"Lovers of Goethe will recall the brilliant scene in Faust's study, when Mephistopheles dons a Professor's cap and gown, and grants an interview to a student who wishes advice as to whether he study law for his profession. 'My dear boy,' he replies, 'keep clear of that. Law and notions of right are inherited like an eternal disease: they slide themselves along from generation to generation, and spread imperceptibly from place to place. Reason becomes nonsense, and the best actions are called wrong. Wo to thee that thou art somebody's grandson! Of the legal notions that we are born with there is unfortunately never any question made.'

"If we strip this charge of its poetic intensity, it is true. The lawyer, and particularly the American lawyer, is naturally a conservative force in human society. He professes a science which some of his predecessors at the bar have praised as the perfection of reason. He must steadily aim to guard himself against sharing that opinion. He must be ready to confess that there are faults in American law and judicial procedure which can be safely eliminated, and to do one's man's part, at least, towards getting rid of them."

While the title of the book indicates that it was written primarily for young men and intended to aid them in determining whether to enter the profession of the law, no one can read it without advantage and pleasure. Indeed no lawyer, whatever his age and his experience, can read the book without profit and satisfaction. The writer of it is a scholar in the law, who has attained to eminence in his profession and whose reputation is not restricted to the confines of the United States. Out of the storehouse of his knowledge and his rich experience he has given us another book which was needed, and one which everyone interested in the law should read.

HENRY WADE ROGERS

Yale University, School of Law.

*Commentaries on Equity Jurisprudence.* By Joseph Story. Third English Edition. By A. E. Randall. London, Sweet & Maxwell, 1920. pp. xxxvii, 673.

In the forty-six years that elapsed between the dates of the first appearance, in 1835, of Story's *Equity Jurisprudence* and that of the publication of Pomeroy's *Equity Jurisprudence*, in 1881, Story's two volumes ran through no less than twelve editions. The thirteenth edition, edited by Professor Melville M. Bigelow, appeared in 1886, and the fourteenth, in three volumes, thirty-two years later, in 1918. The second edition of Story was published in England (as the First English Edition) in 1839, the same year in which it appeared in America. A second English edition appeared in 1892, and now comes the third English edition, prepared by the editor of the Law Quarterly Review. It was long ago pointed out that two of the most popular handbooks on Equity, Snell's *Principles of Equity* and Smith's *Manual of Equity Jurisprudence*, are based largely upon Story's text. (7 AM. L. REV. 141.) Thus this product of Judge Story's lectures in the Harvard Law School holds the endurance record for popularity on both sides of the Atlantic, among American law books. Indeed, if we except Blackstone, Story has also out-distanced all, or nearly all, English competitors.

TELEPHONE
6062 BARCLAY

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436

YALE LAW JOURNAL

To us in America who must now read our Story in three stout volumes, comprising more than two thousand pages, with the original text over-laid with notes by successive editors, and containing some seventeen thousand citations of cases, it comes as a welcome surprise to find Story's text compressed into a single volume of seven hundred pages. For an American editor, in this land of the free and home of the brave, to undertake to omit or amend any portion of the original text, however hoary and antiquated, of such a classic as Story, is deemed a literary (or is it a "jural"?) crime of the highest order. Perhaps we are right in feeling that, generally speaking, there is danger, and possibly disaster, ahead when some daring individual starts to "monkey with" the text of a standard law book. Yet, when this work is done by such an accomplished hand as that of the editor of the present English edition, no one need fear for the result.

It is obvious that even such a slow-moving portion of our legal system as Equity must have changed and developed greatly since Justice Story wrote, three generations ago. Indeed, the wonder is that so large a part of Story remains as true to-day as when it was written. In accordance with the English practice, the editor has omitted much obsolete matter and many extended discussions which were moot questions in Story's day but which have long since been clearly settled by authority; he has, whenever necessary, re-written so much of the text as is requisite to conform to changes in the rules of Equity, and has added new paragraphs to show later developments. Furthermore, no attempt is made to cite all the cases in point, even the English ones, and all the citations to American authorities are omitted. This gives us a clean page to read and avoids the necessity of elaborate footnotes, contradicting or adding to antiquated statements found in the original text. And since the present edition is primarily for the use of students who seek to know the law as it is, the editor is clearly justified in gaining clearness and saving space by this method.

This new edition should prove highly valuable to the English law student, and as a clear and accurate, though as to some matters a rather brief, statement of the English equity system as it appears to-day, the volume should everywhere receive a welcome.

E. S. T.

BOOKS RECEIVED

*Comparative Administrative Law.* By Nagandranath Ghose. Calcutta, Butterworth & Co., 1919. pp. xliv, 704.

*The Law of Damages and Compensation.* By F. O. Arnold. Second Edition. London, Butterworth & Co., 1919. pp. Ixxxi, 408.

*The Equality of States in International Law.* By Edwin D. Dickinson. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1920. pp. xiii, 424.

*The United States of America: A study in International Organization.* By James Brown Scott. New York, Oxford University Press, 1920. pp. xix, 605.

*A Digest of the Law of Partnership.* By Sir Frederick Pollock. Eleventh Edition. London, Stevens & Sons, Ltd., 1920. pp. xxiv, 267.

*Hints on Advocacy.* By Richard Harris. Fifteenth Edition. By J. H. Watts. London, Stevens & Sons, Ltd., 1920. pp. xxi, 348.

*The Law of Torts.* By Sir Frederick Pollock. Eleventh Edition. London, Stevens & Sons, Ltd., 1920. pp. xlvi, 715.

*Maritime Law.* By Albert Saunders. Second Edition. London, Effingham Wilson, 1920. pp. xxxii, 501. [American agents: N. A. Phemister Co., 42 Broadway, New York, N. Y.]

*A Treatise on the Law of Evidence.* By Pitt Taylor. Eleventh Edition. By J. B. Matthews and G. F. Spear. London, Sweet & Maxwell, Ltd., 1920. In Two Volumes. Vol. I, pp. cii, 665. Vol. II, pp. 667-1468.

COLUMBIA LAW REVIEW

are given to liens, lis pendens, judgments, judicial and execution sales, tax titles and jurisdiction of actions effecting title to real estate, perusal of abstract and opinion of title. There is a full digest of statutes relating to the execution and acknowledgment of deeds of descent and of wills in all of the United States. The book closes with a treatment of the Torrens system. There is a well made table of cases of about 60 pages and a good index. The style of the author is clear and concise. The book is what is claimed to be—A Practical Treatise. It may not be of service to the city practitioner where title insurance companies generally monopolize the work of the abstractor, but should be to the country practitioner.

Nathan Abbott

JUDICIAL SETTLEMENT OF CONTROVERSIES BETWEEN STATES OF THE AMERICAN UNION. An Analysis of Cases Decided in the Supreme Court of the United States. By JAMES BROWN SCOTT. New York: OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS. 1919. pp. xiii, 548.

This is an offspring of the two volumes of cases noticed earlier in this REVIEW (volume 20, page 359). The prefatory note modestly describes the "analysis" here indulged in as "eliminating matter which might be deemed irrelevant to the present purpose, disregarding or explaining technicalities which would confuse the layman, but otherwise allowing each case and each decree to tell its story in the language of the Court and of the Judge delivering the opinion." By elision, paraphrase and comment the producer has wrought a commendable improvement over the larger compilation printed the year before. It is to be regretted, however, that except in the introductory sections the cases are still put in chronological order. Some amends are made by a three and a quarter page index and by marginal rubrics throughout the text. But these aids do not save the volume from being more like a collection of short or serial stories than a novel. The same heroes and villains appear and re-appear, but their participation in a single plot is portrayed disjointedly whenever other contestants get a hearing before those previously introduced have finished their fight. This happens so frequently that we get vaudeville rather than drama. Yet Mr. Scott is making progress and he therefore deserves encouragement. After a few more experiments with this same material, he may in time produce a work of scholarly merit.

Thomas Reed Powell

THE YOUNG MAN AND THE LAW. By SIMEON E. BALDWIN. New York: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. 1920. pp. 160.

"I know of few spectacles so pitiful", said Joseph H. Choate, "as that of a successful lawyer, past middle life, satisfied with the gains, and even, perhaps, with the honors of a generous practice, who finds himself tired already of his profession, and yet unable to do anything else or enjoy anything else, because he has long since forgotten everything else that he ever knew, or perhaps never cared to learn anything else." These words were uttered in urging that "Every lawyer should have a hobby for his mind to ride in the open air of knowledge, and ride it every day—history, science, politics, language, literature—anything rather than the law alone. So only can you be wholly true in manhood to the dreams of your youth and carry their freshness with you into your maturer years." Than Judge Baldwin, there is no more

BOOK REVIEWS

exact antithesis of the type commiserated, and no truer example of
that exalted.

A rare achievement in America,—to a brilliant career at the bar
and on the bench he has added surpassing attainments in other fields
of scholarship. While many men who have achieved success in other
lines—especially in literature and politics—are nominally lawyers, yet
this has usually meant merely that they have received a legal education
and been admitted to the bar. With most of them the law has been
simply a point of departure and they have not passed that way since.
Not so with Judge Baldwin. A successful practitioner, formerly
Chief Justice of his state, and sometime President of the American
Bar Association, until within recent years he was always actively
engaged with the law. But this has by no means limited his activities.
He has also found time to serve as Governor of his State, and for many
years as Professor of Law in Yale University, to participate in the
deliberations of half a score of learned societies, of most of which he
is or has been president; to become recognized as a profound scholar,
and to write at least six books of acknowledged merit. Doubtless, if
Mr. Choate had sought a living example of that versatility which he
commended he would not have overlooked Judge Baldwin. Any one
contemplating entering the law as a profession would welcome a word
of advise from an elder of such experience and attainments. It may
be that this had been suggested to the author, and that this volume
is the result.

The order of arrangement is to set forth the attractions of the law
as a profession, then the objections; to touch upon the personal qualities
requisite for success in it; to discuss the subject of legal education,
and finally to state the ideals of the profession.

With an author of the character of Judge Baldwin it is but natural
that such topics as the "Cultivation of the Mind and Heart Incident
to the Legal Profession" and "The Opportunities of the Lawyer for
Public Service" should stand out in the enumeration of the attractions,
although such practical subjects as "The Opportunities of the Lawyer
for Making Money" are not neglected.

While the attractions of the profession are emphasized, it is con-
ceded that relatively lawyers have receded in the social scale and it is
pointed out that the cause of this is not any decadence upon the part
of the bar, but rather the advance in both wealth and education of
those engaged in other lines of endeavor. It may be added that another
result of this great increase in wealth has been a tendency upon the
part of its possessors to look upon lawyers merely as their highly paid
servants, a tendency which should at every opportunity be combatted
by those members of the profession who adhere to its ideals.

The possible objections to the legal profession which are mentioned
are not numerous, being limited to discussions of the question of defend-
ing the guilty, of whether a spirit of antagonism is engendered by the
practice of the law and of whether legal procedure is unfair and
antiquated.

While the book is primarily intended for those who have not yet
chosen their profession, yet its appeal is by no means limited to that
class. Subjects of unfailing interest to those already actively engaged
in practice abound. The amounts of fees paid in England and America
are set forth in detail and many legal biographies are drawn upon for
the figures given. The character of argument that is effective is dis-
cussed both from the point of view of the advocate who has sought for
it and the judge who has listened to it.

50

FALL ANNOUNCEMENT OF

and report on present-day industrial management in the United States. It is a keen and dispassionate analysis of the theory and practice of industrial management in its broadest sense, and is packed with sound suggestions concerning the new technique of industrial management which is developing in this country, as it has developed in England since the war. As the title indicates, emphasis is placed on human relations and labor problems, but the author's constructive proposals go far beyond current phases of welfare work and employment management.

*The Management of Men* is an intensely practical book, gathering together as it does the fruits of wide experience and much experimenting in American industry.

## The Young Man and the Law. By S. E. BALDWIN. Cloth, 12mo. $1.50. To be published October 7th.

This is a discussion of the attractions of the legal profession; the objections to choosing it; the personal qualities and preparation necessary for success in it; and the ideals for which it stands. The writer, after having had an extensive practice at the bar, was for many years on the bench, and has long been a professor in the Yale Law School, and Director of the Bureau of Comparative Law of the American Bar Association. The design of the work is to give a young man who is about to choose his profession a clear idea of the reasons both for and against seeking to enter the bar, and of the spirit in which a lawyer is bound to fulfill the trust which society has placed in him.

## The Young Man and Teaching. By HENRY PARKS WRIGHT, Professor Emeritus, Yale College. Cloth, 12mo. $1.50. To be published October 7th.

This volume is published as one of the Vocational Series edited by E. Hershey Sneath, Professor of the

NEW MACMILLAN BOOKS

49

**Elements of Retail Salesmanship.** By PAUL W. IVEY, PH.D., Associate Professor of Economics and Commerce, University of Nebraska. Cloth, 12mo. $2.25. *To be published in October.*

This volume presents the elements of salesmanship and shows how they may be profitably applied to retail selling. The work is the direct outgrowth of the distinct need now felt by progressive retailers for a practical text for store classes in salesmanship. It will be no less valuable to all salespeople, tending to make them see the educational possibilities of their work and the relation of better service to community welfare.

**Employment Psychology.** By HENRY C. LINK. Cloth, 12mo. $2.50. *Published July 22d.*

This book describes the practical application of psychology to the selection, training, grading and retaining of employees. It outlines not only methods but concrete results. Particular attention is given to the development and use of tests. Numerous tests and directions governing their use are given in the appendix in such a manner as to prove extremely valuable to employers. The present "hit or miss" methods of employment are thoroughly analyzed, leading up to certain principles which must be recognized before employment can be developed scientifically. The book, far from being a theoretical study of employment problems in general, is the practical outcome of a first-hand experience with specific problems under typical factory and office conditions.

**The Management of Men.** By WILLIAM LEAVITT STODDARD, Author of "The Shop Committee." Cloth, 12mo.

This book is more than a comprehensive study of

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The Young Man and the Law

The Young Man and the Law. By Professor Simeon E. Baldwin. New York: The Macmillan Company.

PROFESSOR BALDWIN'S book was reviewed in these columns when it was first published four years ago. It was written for the purpose of indicating the dignity of the law and the ideals of the legal profession to young men who are thinking of studying law, and also for prescribing the qualities necessary for a man to make a successful lawyer. It still remains one of the best books of its kind. It is a pity, therefore, that a few passages which were obviously written in haste have not been corrected in this reprint. This sentence, for example, could hardly be held up as a model for a young student: "We have Burke's authority for saying that the reasoning powers also are stronger in youth, though the lack of knowledge to work upon is too small to make any great show with." It is to be hoped that such sentences as this will be removed from the next edition of this otherwise excellent book.

TELEPHONE
6062 BARCLAY

33 PARK PLACE

From

Address

Date

## Law as a Profession

Professor Simeon Baldwin, of Yale, is author of "The Young Man and the Law," a scholarly discussion of the attraction of legal professional work. The author gives the young man about to choose his profession a clear idea of the reasons both for and against seeking to enter the bar, and of the spirit in which a lawyer is bound to fulfill the trust which society has placed in him.

BOOK REVIEW DIGEST

958-964 UNIVERSITY AVENUE
NEW YORK CITY

SEP 1919

We attach clippings from the Book Review Digest showing the notice that was given to your books.

THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY, Publishers

BALDWIN, SIMEON EBEN. Life and letters of Simeon Baldwin. $3.50 Tuttle 19-5924

"Ex-governor Simeon E. Baldwin of Connecticut has written and privately printed a memoir of his grandfather for the purpose of introducing an ancestor to his remote descendants and partly of picturing the life and manners of a former generation. The work is interesting, and has considerable historical value in throwing light on the customs of Connecticut from the time of the Revolution to 1850, the more important period being that before 1800."—Nation

"We have here a book which adds greatly to our understanding of New England history during the later half of the eighteenth, and the first part of the nineteenth century."

+ Boston Transcript p4 Mr 19 '19 360w

"This biography is chiefly valuable for the documents that it contains—letters, diaries, and journals, here printed sometimes in the form of extracts and sometimes in full."

+ Nation 108:sup584 Ap 12 '19 190w

1858.
(Credo)
N. H. Register.

FOR THE REGISTER.

*Messrs. Editors* :- I observed in your paper of yesterday, a communication from "Yalensis" proposing to substitute "telemit," for the disputed word "telegram," desiring an insertion of his views in the leading journals of the country." I have no expectation that any editor will burden his columns with any such trashy dabbling in etymology, unless indeed for the purpose of ridiculing it-but as it has crept into your sheet, I am unwilling that your readers should consider it a fair specimen of Yale scholarship.

In the first place he says that "gram," in composition signifies *envious* or *grudging*. Any school-boy who has had a dozen lessons in Greek grammar, ought to know that it means something *written*, as indeed any English scholar might see from its appearance in epigram, monogram, &c. 'Telegram,' therefore means something "written far away," which certainly is an admirable description of a telegraphic message. As to his word "telemit," a more awkward and absurd word surely never was coined. Two different languages are brought together, contrary to all the rules of etymology, to form a single noun, and then a *verbal* ending is affixed. Every one knows from promise, demise, &c., that the ending of any word formed directly from "mito" must be "mise," while "mit" is the verbat affix, as in remit, admit, and many others. And so if this heterogeneous compound was admissible at all it would be a verb meaning "to send from afar."

The only question in controversy among scholars, respecting the word, is whether it should be "telegram" or "telegraphme," and this is far too intricate and uninteresting a question to be discussed in a popular print. If you can find room for this, pray print it for the honor of
YALE.

1858

Yale Boating Again.

YALE COLLEGE, Monday, June 27.

MR. EDITOR. — So great an interest has been taken by College in the Springfield regatta, that a new race boat has been bought expressly for the occasion, by a joint subscription from all the classes.— The Harvard boats, which are all built in St. Johns, are of a much lighter and sharper description, than the majority of those that have belonged to Yale. During the last year, however, two "shells" have been brought here, and this last one makes up a trio, that cannot be well surpassed for swiftness or beauty. This new navy boat is of the "45 foot length," six-oared, and carrying no cockswain. Her model is the very perfection of the Brooklyn build, low in the waist, and rising sharply toward the bows and stern, while the curve of the water-lines is faultless. Her cost, without any upholstering, was $225. This morning her speed was tested in a trio with the other "shells," the Varuna, and the Olympia shell (four-oared).

On the first race, the new boat beat the Varuna by a boat-length, and the other fell several seconds behind: on the second, she came out ahead by ten seconds, leaving the other boats behind her nearly together.

The explanation of her bettering her time, on the second race is that the crews of the two larger boats were exchanged. These two crews will row the boats at Springfield. They have been in training for the last month, and are in fine order.

The city of Springfield pays the bills of two clubs from each College, and the railroads carry the boats free, and give excursion tickets at a low rate. On the day after the regular regatta, there will be a scrub-race, where all boats, without exception, may try their luck. The affair promises to be very brilliant and attractive, and the Springfield regatta will be long remembered by our Eastern Colleges.

YALE.

YALE COLLEGE, July 6.

MR. EDITOR: — For the last month or two, the New Londoners have been making preparations for a great regatta, on the 4th (i. e. the 5th) of July, to be open to all row-boats.

Some 30 were entered, including two from our scientific school, one from Mr. Russell's school, and one from the Hopkins grammar school. None of our college boats proper were sent, they being reserved for the regatta at Springfield.

In order to carry up the boats, and those students that wished to see the regatta, the schooner Minerva L. Wedmore was chartered for the occasion, and started with some fifty passengers on Saturday. During the day that she was lying at New London, before the race, the aborigines came in large numbers to see the New Haven boats, and finding that they had rather a fast look, about a dozen of their craft previously entered were suddenly withdrawn, and the course which had been laid out before, two miles and a quarter long, was made about four miles.

At ten o'clock, the hour appointed for the race, the harbor presented a very lively appearance.— Everything that could float was out loaded down with men, women and children, and several yachts including the Haze, Rowena, and Juliette, were flying over the water in fine style.

The manner in which the regatta was conducted was very singular. No handicap was allowed to any boat, so that a wherry with a pair of sculls, was on the same footing with an eight oared shell; the boats, also, were not started together, but were strung along at the distance of an eighth of a mile from each other, so that the first was more than half through the course, when the last was started.

1858.

The contest was quite exciting, showing, as it did, the superiority of skill and good boats over mere strength. The New London crews, taken principally from the whalers in port, with one boat from the revenue cutter, showed great muscle and wind; but rowing in slow built boats, and with too quick a stroke, were soon overhauled by the steady, harmonious pull of the College drill. Of the prizes our four boats received four—the Olympia, (eight-oared); the first; the Ome-ron shell the second; the Naiad, (of Mr. Russell's school) the third; and the Katoonale, an old boat, belonging to our grammar school, and rowed by a crew of mere boys, the sixth, (the last three being four-oared.)

If Yale had sent five more boats she would have b ought home the five remaining prizes.

The best time made, 32 min. 35 seconds, was nothing very remarkable, but for a great part of the way the wind and tide were adverse, besides which, the Olympia being pretty sure of the first prize, made no extraordinary exertions.

The New Londoners took the result very well, and another year, with better boats and better drill will be hard to beat.

YALE.

Yale Boating.

YALE COLLEGE, July 12.

Mr. Editor:—I wrote you some time since that Yale intended to risk her reputation at the Springfield regatta, on a six-oared host recently purchased by our navy, in Brooklyn. Within the last week, however, affairs have taken a new turn.

The "Harvard," from Harvard College, has been taking the lead among Massachusetts boats for some time without much opposition. Some few of the best Boston boatmen clubbed together not long since, to get a boat in which they could beat her. Their order for a four-oared shell, for-ty feet long, was filled at St. John's, and a short time ago she was sent down. On launching her, they found her speed what they wanted, and in-deed she was pronounced by no bad judges to be the fastest boat in America. Unluckily, however, one of the crew fell sick, and thus their chance of running the "Harvard" themselves was destroyed. Upon this, some offers were made them from this College, which finally induced them to make her over to Yale. Our best crew, accordingly, will be put in her, and the "Volan-te" is expected to make some time. She does not even carry a rudder, being steered by the bow-oarsman, who gives the direction by varying the time at which the weight of the lees' pull comes, though not its strength. The "Volan-te's" weight is just 138 pounds.

There is no reason for supposing that the "Harvard" will make such time at Springfield as she did in the late Boston regatta. On that oc-casion she was manned by a mixed crew, con-taining one tutor, and two or three from the Sci-entific School, but in the coming race her crew must be all under-graduates. By this rule their best oarsmen, including a son of Prof. Agassiz, who is their "crack" man, are shut out.

YALE.

P. S.—Quite a little "tempest in a tea-pot" seems to have been aroused in the mind of one "G," by my late account of the New London re-gatta. By his laborious statement that the boys who rowed the "Katoonale," were "members of the Collegiate and Commercial Institute," I am half inclined to think that he must be one of them. If such is the case, I would ask him, provided that he has progressed far enough in the Latin Reader to discover, what possible dis-spect or discourtesy there can be in terming the inhabitants of a town "aborigines?" By the

1861.

An article of hachafacolumn on the
Division of Va, similar to the fol-
lowing, in the Nat. Intelligen-
cer, published Jan. 9, 1862, though
written Dec. 5th, 1861, as one pon
Strather. Jan. 16th, say,
they inserted a line connection
at my instance and partly in
words suggested.

Dec. 24, 1861

From
For the Journal and Courier.

MESSRS. EDITORS: Whether it be your motives of
respect to the powers that be, or because a foolish
project is best killed off by being judiciously let alone,
it is certain at all events that Secretary Cameron's
proposal for the division of Virginia has met with
very little attention from the Press of the country.
This silence, however, from whatever reasons main-
tained, will certainly be construed by the South as
meaning assent, and already indeed the Richmond
papers have published the proposition as a fresh in-
duement to every Virginian to fight till "he con-
quers or dies." It is a pity that we have put so strong
a weapon in our enemy's hands, but it would be still
more inexcusable if by our silence we permitted him
to use it against us. The voice of public sentiment
at the North was justly expressed in the resolution
of Congress at their July Session, passed almost unan-
 timously, "that this war is not waged upon our part
 in any spirit of oppression, nor for any purpose of
 conquest or subjugation, nor for the purpose of over-
 throwing or interfering with the rights or estab-
 lished institutions of the States, but to defend and
 maintain the supremacy of the Constitution, and pre-
 serve the Union with its dignities, equalities, and the
 rights of the several States unimpaired, and as soon
 as these objects are accomplished, the war ought to
close." And notwithstanding the cry about the ad-
vance of public sentiment from a few "extremists,
such are now the views of the great body of our
people. And yet how does Mr. Cameron propose to
treat Virginia, the first of the insurgent States of
which we have regained possession of any considera-
ble part? By parcelling it out in four or five divis-
ions, one of which is to go to Delaware, doubling her
size, one to Maryland, trebling hers, one to the Dis-
trict of Columbia, doubling that, and the thinly set-
tled portion west of the Blue Ridge, or so much of it
as the Wheeling Convention may think fit to reject
from their new "Kanawha," increased by a couple
of inconsiderable counties from Western Maryland, is
to be all that is left of the Old Dominion. All this,
indeed, is to be done only "by consent of Virginia."
But whatever semblance of constitutionality Gov.
Pierpont and his little Legislature up in the Pan-Han-
dle might give to such transactions, they could not
make it just or right. The real title to the territory
of Virginia, and the right to deed it away, is in the
thousands of her loyal inhabitants scattered all over
the State, and who are only waiting the advance of
McClellan to come out and prove themselves loyal,
as their brethren in Western Virginia have been en-
abled to do by the advance of Rosencranz, and in the
Peninsula by the advance of Dix. When the whole
State has been reclaimed from rebel arms and order
re-established, then and no sooner should a vote be
taken on this project of division. It would be a poor
reward for the Virginia Unionists, when the rebellion

July 25, 1864

The New Haven Quota.

It is understood that New Haven needs about one hundred and fifty more men to fill her quota under the recent call for troops. As the negroes to be recruited in the rebellious States are to be credited to the State at large, and as most towns have a much smaller surplus of men to show in proportion to their population than New Haven, it is scarcely probable that our deficiency will be wholly supplied from that source. Indeed, as the War Department and most of the commanding Generals in the field discourage enlistments of negroes by agents of Northern States in the South, it is not impossible that the number obtained will be quite inconsiderable. In prudence, therefore, we should look to receiving volunteers and substitutes from among our own citizens. The best thing undoubtedly would be for a hundred and fifty men out of those liable to a draft, to furnish each a substitute who is not liable. Could not this be effected, without imposing an excessive burden upon any one, in the following way? Let five hundred persons pay into a common fund seventy five dollars each, to be expended in procuring as many alien, or veteran, or minor substitutes as possible. When each substitute is accepted, let the name of one of the five hundred contributors be drawn by lot, and if it proves to be the name of an enrolled man, let the recruit be mustered in as a substitute for him, provided he pay into the fund an additional sum of one hundred dollars; should the name be that of an enrolled man, continue the drawing until one is obtained, and should any man whose name is so drawn, be unwilling to pay the extra sum, draw until you find another who will be. In this way every person who paid his $75 would be reasonably sure of earning the present draft, and a large number would procure exemption for three years, and the services of a substitute by payment, in all, of $175. Five hundred contributors of $75, would raise in all $37,500, and 150 paying $100 more, would raise $15,000, so that in all the fund might amount to $52,500, which would allow bounties of $350 to be paid to each of 150 substitutes, or—deducting recruiting and brokers expenses—not less than $300, certainly, if necessary, to each man, besides the $300 State bounty, or $600 in all.

Let our Town Agent, or the last Spring's Recruiting Committee push forward some such plan as this, and thirty days would see us clear of the draft.

S.

[Correspondence of the Journal and Courier]
Fire in Farm-