THE following catalogue is intended merely to facilitate the understanding of the several views, by a few explanatory notices of the more remarkable objects to which they respectively refer. For further details of the particular spots here delineated, and a general character of the scenery, climate and productions of the Island, the reader is referred to a little work just published,* entitled, "Rambles in Madeira and in Portugal in 1826."

## OUTLINES OF THE ISLANDS.

Madeira, seen from any distance, always presents the appearance of (what in fact it may be said to be) one vast mountain, rising in the centre to a few rugged peaks which stand close together and differ not materially from each other in elevation. The sides are furrowed by deep ravines through which the streams, fed by the mists that almost invariably envelope the central summits, find their way in all directions to the sea. The outline includes the southern side from the western point of Funchal Bay to Point Lorenzo, a. is Ponta da Cruz—b. Cabo Giraó—c. Funchal—d. Cabo Garajaó, or the Brazen Head—e. Caniço—f. Porto Novo—g. Ribeira de Boa Ventura—h. Town of Santa Cruz—i. Machico—j. Caniçal—k. the Chapel of Nossa Senhora da Piedade; near which is the remarkable bed of fossils—l. Point Lorenço—m. Pico do Sidraó—n. Pico Ruivo, 6164 above the level of the sea—o. The Torrinhas—p. Pico dos Arrieros—and q. marks the situation of the Palheiro, Mr. Carvalhals quinta.

The Desertas—as seen from Funchal. The great Desertas stands in the centre, from the summit of which the outline view of Madeira was taken. It is a steep and almost inaccessible mass of rock, nearly destitute of vegetation and wholly without water.

1. The Northern or Table Desertas. Its surface is clothed with a marine grass; and, though not so lofty as the other two, is from the nature of the cliffs still more difficult of access. Near it, is a small mass of rock, which is often mistaken at a distance for a ship in sail.

2. The Bugio, the southernmost of these islets, presents a more rugged outline of rock than either of its neighbours.

The right-hand outline of Porto Santo, represents that Island as first seen on approaching from Europe.

On the left is the same Island as seen from the high grounds of the North of Madeira.

* By Rivingtons, St. Paul's Church-Yard.

TO GEORGE STODDART, ESQ.

MADEIRA.

MY DEAR STODDART,

I SEND you a series of drawings intended to represent some of the more remarkable spots of your beautiful Island; and gladly avail myself of this opportunity to express my sense of the extreme kindness and attention which, during my two visits to it, I experienced both from your late lamented partner Mr. John Keir, and yourself; attentions which principally contributed to render the period I spent among you one of the pleasantest of my life, and of which I shall never cease to entertain a most grateful recollection.

For the drawings themselves, the only merit I claim is that of faithful representation. In the selection of some of the subjects, I have been guided by the comparative celebrity of the place, rather than by a consideration of its purely picturesque attraction. But the collection will, I hope, be found to include all the scenes most interesting under either point of view, and if it contribute to draw to your happy Island that additional attention which its romantic features so well deserve, the only object, beyond mere amusement, which I have proposed to myself in this publication will have been accomplished.

With renewed thanks to you and yours, my dear Stoddart, and best wishes to all our friends in Funchal, for whose hospitalities I have also to make the warmest acknowledgement,

Believe me, I remain ever,
Your most obliged and affectionate friend,

JAMES BULWER.

Dublin, March, 1827.

B

North and South-west sides of Porto Santo. The outlines themselves sufficiently indicate in what degree the general appearance of this Island differs from that of its more important neighbour. The hills or peaks stand much more apart; and their elevation is not nearly so great as that of the central mountains of Madeira; the highest hardly reaches 1600 feet—a. and r. is Ilheo do Farol—b. b. Ilheo Baxo, remarkable for a stratum of limestone, from whence Funchal is supplied—c. Town of Porto Santo—d. Ilheo da Serra—e. Pico do Consul—f. and n. Pico Branco—g. and o. Pico do Facho—h. and p. Pico do Castello—k. and q. Pico do Facho da mathada—l. Rocha de St. Lorenzo—m. Rocha de Pascador.

VIGNETTES. No. I.—Among the first objects that attract attention on landing, is the Castle or Government House, situated close on the beach. It is a large quadrangular building, originally of a gothic construction, but modernized in parts, particularly the front, which contains the Governor's apartments.

No. II.—The Pillar on the beach was planned by an ingenious individual of the name of Benger. Its object was to assist the landing of cargoes in rough weather. A mooring was laid down beyond the surf, and a cable made fast from it to the top of the pillar; the boat brought-to under this, and by means of a messenger running along the cable, the goods were to be hoisted out of the boat, and when clear of the surf, lowered on the beach. The plan, however, does not seem to have succeeded, for the pillar has been long in disuse. The building behind is the Cathedral, a large church in the gothic style, but its exterior presents nothing worthy of notice.

No. III.—Chapel in the rock at St. Vicente. It stands out on the beach at the mouth of the river. A natural hollow in the interior has been shaped into a little chapel, and the summit is crowned with a cross—circumstances that give something of a romantic air to the spot.

## I.—FUNCHAL FROM THE ANCHORAGE.—WESTALL.

The view is taken from that part of the Bay in which larger ships usually anchor; small vessels often moor in six and seven fathoms between the Loo Rock and the land. Among the more remarkable objects are the Loo Rock, the Peak Fort, the Cathedral Tower, the long front of the Government House, and the pillar on the beach, all which will be easily distinguished. The central ravine is that of Santa Luzia, at the head of which is the celebrated waterfall:—the Mount Church is seen high up on the right.

The mountains are capped with clouds, which is the case with them for a great part of the year: the effect of this circumstance has been very happily expressed by the artist, Mr. Westall, who was himself for some time resident in the island. The vessel is intended to represent the Brazil packet which had just arrived. The anchorage varies from 15 to 50 fathoms, and the water deepens very suddenly from the shore.

## II.—THE LOO ROCK.—WESTALL.

This singular fortification is partly natural and partly artificial. A rugged basaltic rock has been raised and terraced with masonry: on the top is a considerable area, on which the fort, with its guard-rooms, chapel, &c. has been erected. This fort, the more distant one called the Pontinha, and the battery on the right, are the chief protections of the western side of the harbour. A constant look-out is kept on the Loo; and on the appearance of a vessel in the offing, the news is immediately communicated to the shore, by hoisting a small white flag. The Pontinha is a similar fortification, connected with the land by a causeway of stone-work: in rough weather

XXVI.—INTERIOR OF PORTO SANTO.—W. GAUCI.

This drawing, taken from under Pico do Facho, the highest point of Porto Santo, presents a considerable portion of the interior surface of the Island; which is unrelieved by a single tree or shrub throughout the whole extent included in the prospect. The hill on the right is the Pico do Castello; the fort on the summit of which is said to be the chief refuge of the inhabitants when menaced (which is not likely) by an invader. Below, near the shore, lies the Ilheo Baxo. The high mass in the distance is Madeira, as usual capped with mist: to the left are the Desertas.

N. B. The costume of the Madeira peasantry is peculiar; but the figures in the drawings, from the necessarily limited scale on which they are given, will probably convey little notion of it. Perhaps, however, even in these the small conical cap which both sexes wear may be distinguished; and keener eyes may in some instances recognise the little jacket and linen breeches of the men, and the short petticoat and rounded tippet which form the attire of the females.

London:
PRINTED BY S. AND R. BENTLEY, DORSET-STREET.