The Pilgrims Progrefg. 153

were brought to examination; and
they that sat upon them, asked
them whence they came, whither
they went, and what they did there
in such an unusual Garb? * The
men told them, that they were Pil-
grims and Strangers in the world,
and that they were going to their
own Countrey a which was the Hea-
venly Jerusalem; and that they had
given no occasion to the men of
the Town, nor yet to the Merchan-
dizers, thus to abuse them, and to
lett them in their Journey: Except
it was, for that, when one asked
them what they would buy, they
said, they would buy the truth. But
they that were appointed to exa-
mine them, did not believe them to
be any other than Bedlams and
Mad, or else such as came to put all
things into a confusion in the Fair.
Therefore they took them, and beat
them, and beimeared them with
dirt, and then put them into the
Cage, that they might be made a
spectacle to all the men of the Fair.
There therefore they lay for some
time, and were made the Objects of
any man's sport, or malice, or re-
venge.

*They tell
who they are,
and whence.
they came.*

a Heb. 11.

13,14,15,16

They are not
believed,

They are put
in the Cage.

154

The Pilgrims Progrels.

Their behavi-
our in the
Cage.

The men of
the Fair do
fall out a-
mong them-
selves about
these two
men.

venge. The great one of the Fair
laughing still at all that befel them.
But the men being patient, and not
rendring railing for railing, but con-
trariwife bleffing, and giving good
words for bad, and kindnels for in-
juries done: Some men in the Fair
that were more obferving, and lefs
prejudiced than the reft, began to
check and blame the baser fort for
their continual abufes done by them
to the men: They therefore in angry
manner let fly at them again, count-
ing them as bad as the men in the
Cage, and telling them that they
feemed confederates, and ſhould be
made partakers of their misfortunes.
The other replied, That for ought
they could ſee, the men were quiet,
and ſober, and intended no body any
harm; and that there were many
that Traded in their Fair, that were
more worthy to be put into the
Cage, yea, and Pillory too, than were
the men that they had abufed. Thus,
after divers words had paffed on
both ſides, ( the men behaving them-
selves all the while very wifely, and
ſoberly before them ) they fell to
some blows, among themselves,
and

The Pilgrims Progrefes.

155

They are
made the
Authors of
this distur-
bance.

They are led
up and down
the Fair in
Chains, for a
terror to o-
tkers.

Some of the
men of the
Fair won to
them.

Their Adver-
faries reſolve
to kill them.

and did harm one to another. Then
were these two poor men brought
before their Examiners again, and
there charged as being guilty of the
late Hubbub that had been in the
Fair. So they beat them pittifully,
and hanged Irons upon them, and
led them in Chains up and down the
Fair, for an Example and terror to
others, left any should ſpeak in their
behalf, or joyn themselves unto
them. But Christian and Faithful
behaved themselves yet more wile-
ly; and received the ignominy and
flame that was caſt upon them,
with so much meekneſs and pati-
ence, that it won to their ſide
(though but few in comparifon of
the reſt) ſeveral of the men in the
Fair. This put the other party yet
into a greater rage, infomuch that
they concluded the death of theſe
two men. Wherefore they threat-
ned that the Cage, nor Irons, ſhould
ſerve their turn, but that they ſhould
die, for the abufe they had done,
and for deluding the men of the
Fair.

Then were they re-manded to the
Cage again, until further order
should

156 The Pilgrims Progress.

They are again put into the Cage, and after brought to Tryal,

should be taken with them. So they put them in, and made their feet fast in the Stocks.

Here also they called again to mind what they had heard from their faithful friend Evangelist, and was the more confirmed in their way and sufferings, by what he told them would happen to them. They also now comforted each other, that whose lot it was to suffer, even he should have the belt on't, therefore each man secretly wished that he might have that preferment: but committing themselves to the Alwive dispose of him that ruleth all things, with much content they abode in the condition in which they were, until they should be otherwive disposed of.

Then a convenient time being appointed, they brought them forth to their Tryal in order to their Condemnation. When the time was come, they were brought before their Enemies and Arraigned; the Judges name was Lord Hategood: Their Indictment was one and the fame in substance, though somewhat varying in form; the Contents whereof was this.

That

[The Pilgrims Progrels.]

157

That they were enemies to, and di-
sturbers of their Trade; that they
had made Commotions and Divisions
in the Town, and had won a party to
their own most dangerous Opinions,
in contempt of the Law of their
Prince.

Their Indis-
ment.

Then Faithful began to answer,
That he had only set himself against
that which had set it self against
him that is higher than the highest.
And, said he, as for disturbance, I
make none, being my self a man of
Peace; the Parties that were won to
us, were won, by beholding our
Truth and Innocence, and they are
only turned from the worse to the
better. And as to the King you talk
of, since he is Belzebub, the Enemy
of our Lord, I detie him, and all his
Angels.

Faithfuls
anfwer for
himself.

Then Proclamation was made,
that they that had ought to say for
their Lord the King againft the Prifon-
er at the Bar, should forthwith
appear, and give in their evidence.
So there came in three Witnesses, to
wit, Envy, Superstition, and Pick-
thank. They were then asked, If
they knew the Prisoner at the Bar?

H and

158

The Pilgrims Progrels.

and what they had to say for their
Lord the King against him.

Then stood forth * Envy, and said
to this effect; My Lord, I have
known this man a long time, and
will atteft upon my Oath before
this honourable Bench, That he is--

Judge. Hold, give him his Oath:
So they fware him. Then he faid, My
Lord, this man, notwithstanding his
plaufible name, is one of the vileft
men in our Countrey; he neither re-
gardeth Prince nor People, Law nor
Custom; but doth all that he can
to poffeſs all men with certain of his
difloyal notions, which he in the
general calls Principle of Faith and
Holiſes. And in particular, I heard
him once my ſelf a ſfirm, That Chrí-
tianity, and the Customs of our Town
of Vanity, were Diametrically oppo-
ſite, and could not be reconciled. By
which ſaying, my Lord, he doth at
once, not only condemn all our laud-
able doings, but us in the doing of
them.

Judg. Then did the Judge ſay to
him, haſt thon any more to ſay?

Envy. My Lord, I could ſay much
more, only I would not be tedious
to

*Envy begins*

The Pilgrims Progrels.

159

to the Court. Yet if need be, when
the other Gentlemen have given in
their Evidence, rather than any
thing shall be wanting that will dif-
patch him, I will enlarge my Testi-
mony against him. So he was bid
stand by. Then they called Supersti-
tion, and bid him look upon the Pri-
soner; they also asked, What he
could say for their Lord the King a-
gainst him? Then they fware him,
so he began.

* Supersti-
tion follows.

Super.* My Lord, I have no great
acquaintance with this man, nor do
I desire to have farther knowledge
of him; However this I know, that
he is a very peftilent fellow, from
some discoursle that the other day I
had with him in this Town; for then
talking with him, I heard him say,
That our Religion was naught, and
fuch by which a man could by no
means pleafe God: which sayings
of his my Lord, your Lordship very
well knows, what neceffarily thence
will follow, to wit, That we ftill do
worship in vain, are yet in our fins,
and finally shall be damned; and
this is that which I have to say?

Then was Pickthank Sworn, and

H 2

bid

160

The Pilgrims Progress.

bid say what he knew, in behalf of
their Lord the King againft the Prifoner at the bar.

Pick- My Lord, and you Gentlemen all, This fellow I have known of a long time, and have heard him speak things that ought not to be spoke. For he hath railed on our noble Prince Beelzebub, and hath spoke contemptibly of his honorable Friends, whose names are the Lord Old man, the Lord Carnal delight, the Lord Luxurious, the Lord Desire of Vain glory, my old Lord Letchery, Sir Having Greedy, with all the rest of our Nobility; and he hath said moreover, that if all men were of his mind, it possible, there is not one of these Noble men should have any longer a being in this Town; Besides, he hath not been afraid to rail on you, my Lord, who are now appointed to be his Judge, calling you an ungodly Villain, with many other such like villifying terms, with which he hath betered most of the Gentry of our Town. When this Pickthank had told his tale, the Judge directed his speech to the Prifoner at the Bar, lay-

Pickthanks
Testimony.

Sins are all
Lords and
great ones.

The Pilgrims Progress.

161

saying, Thou Runagate, 'Heretick,
and Traitor, haſt thou heard what
these honest Gentlemen have wit-
nessed against thee.

Faith, May I speak a few words
in my own defense.

Judg. Sirrah Sirrah, thou defer-
vest to live no longer, but to be
slain immediately upon the place;
yet that all men may see our gen-
tenefs towards thee, let us hear
what thou vile runagate haſt to say.

Faith. 1. I say then in answer to
what Mr. Envy hath spoken, I ne-
ver said ought but this, That what
Rule, or Laws, or Custom, or People,
were flat against the Ward of God, are
diametrically opposite to Christianity.
If I have said amils in this, convince
me of my error, and I am ready
here before you to make my recan-
tation.

2. As to the second, to wit, Mr.
Superstition, and his charge against
me, I said only this, That in the Wor-
ship of God there is required a Divine
Faith; but there can be no Divine
Faith, without a Divine Revelation
of the Will of God, therefore whatever
a thrust into the Worship of God, that

Faithfuls-
defence of
himself.

H 3

ist

162

The Pilgrims Progress.

is not agreeable to Divine Revelation, cannot be done but by an humane Faith, which Faith will not be profit to Eternal Life.

3. As to what Mr. Pickthek hath faid, I say (avoiding terms, as that I am said to rail, and the like) That the Prince of this Town, with all the rabblement his Attendants, by this Gentleman named, are more fit for a being in Hell, than in this Town and Country; and so the Lord have mercy upon me.

Then the Judge called to the Jury (who all this while stood by, to hear and observe;) Gentlemen of the Jurisdiction, you see this man about whom so great an uproar hath been made in this Town : you have also heard what these worthy Gentlemen have witnessed against him; also you have heard his reply and confection: It lieth now in your breasts to hang him, or save his life : but yet I think meet to instruct you into our Law.

There was an act made in the days of Pharaoh the Great, Servant to our Prince, that, left those of a contrary Religion should multiply and grow too strong for him, their

Males

The Judge his speech to the Jury.

Exod. 1.

The Pilgrims Progress. 163

Males should be thrown into the River. There was also an Act made in the days of Nebuchadnezzar the Great, another of his Servants, that Dan. 3, whoever would not fall down and worship his Golden Image, should be thrown into a Fiery Furnace. There was also an Act made in the days of Darius, That who so, for some time called upon any God but him, should be cast into the Lions Den. Now the sublance of these Laws, this Rebel has broken; not only in thought ( which is not to be born ) but also in word and deed; which must therefore needs be in tollerable.

Dan. 6.

For that of Pharaoh, his Law was made upon supposition, to prevent mischief, no Crime being yet apparent; but here is a Crime apparent. For the second and third, you see he disputeth against our Religion; and for the Treason he hath confessed, he deferveth to die the death.

Then went the Jury out, * whose names were Mr. Blind man, Mr. No-good, M. Malice, Mr. Love-lust, Mr. Live-loose, Mr. Heady, Mr. High-mind,

* The jury and their names.

H 4.

Mr.

164

The Pilgrims Progress.

Everyones
privat ever-
died.

* They con-
clude to
bring him in
guilty of
death.

Mr. Enmity, Mr. Lyar, Mr. Cruelty,
Mr. Hate-light, and Mr. implacable,
who every one gave in his private
Ver defect againft him among them-
selves, and afterwads unanimouſly
concluded to bring him in guilty be-
fore the Judge. And firſt among them-
selves Mr. Blind man, the Foreman,
said, I see clearly that this man is an
Heretick. Then ſaid Mr. No-good, A-
way with such a fellow from the Earth.
Ay, ſaid Mr. Malice, for I hate the ve-
ry looks of him. Then ſaid Mr. Love-luſt,
I could never inducethim. Nor I, ſaid
Mr. Live-loſe, for he would always be
condemning my way. Hang him, hang
him, ſaid Mr. Heady. A ſorry. Scrub ſaid
Mr. High-mind. My heart rifeſt a-
gainſt him, ſaid Mr. Enmity. He is a
Rogue, ſaid Mr. Lyar, Hanging is too
good for him, ſaid Mr. Cruelty; Let's
dispatch him out of the way, ſaid Mr.
Hate-light. Then ſaid Mr. Implacable,
Might I have all the world given me,
I cauſt not be reconciled to him, there-
fore let us forthwith bring him in guilt-
ty of death. And ſo they did, there-
fore he was preſently condemned,
to be had from the place where he
was, to the place from whence he
came

The Pilgrims Progress.

165

came, and there to be put to the
most cruel death that could be in-
vented.

The cruel death of Faithful.

They therefore brought him out,
to do with him according to their
Law; and first they Scourged him,
then they Buffeted him, then they
Lanched his flesh with Knives; after
that they Stoned him with Stones,
then prickt him with their Swords,
and last of all they burned him to
Ashes at the Stake. Thus came
Faithful to his end.* Now I saw that
there stood behind the multitude a
Chariot and a Couple of Horses,
waiting for Faithful, who ( so soon
as his Adversaries had dispatched
him ) was taken up into it, and
straightway was carried up through
the Clouds, with found of Trumpet,
the nearest way to the Celestial
Gate. But as for Christian he had
some respite, and was re manded
back to prison; so he there remained
for a space : But he that over rules
all things, having the power of their
rage in his own hand, so wrought it
about, that Christian for that time
escaped them, and went his way.

And as he went he Sang saying,

H 5

Well

* A Chariot
and Horses.
wait to take
away Faith-
ful.

Christian
still a Prisq-
ner.

The Pilgrims Progress.

167

So I saw, that quickly after they were got out of the Fair, they overtook one that was going before them, whose name was By-ends; so they said to him, What Countryman, Sir? and how far go you this way? He told them, That he came from the Town of Fair Speech, and he was going to the Celestial City, (but told them not his name.)

They overtook By-ends.

From *Fair-Speech ! said Christian; is there any good, that lives there ?

* Prov. 26:25.

By-ends. Yes, said By-ends, I hope, Chr. Pray Sir, what may I call you? said Christian.

By-ends. I am a stranger to you, and you to me; if you be going this way, I shall be glad of your company: if not, I must be content.

By-ends. Lo, by to tell his name.

Chr. This Town of Fair-Speech said Christian. I have heard of, and, as I remember, they say it's a wealthy place.

By-ends. Yes, I will assure you: that it is, and I have very many rich Kindred there.

Chr. Pray, who are your Kindred there; if a man may be so bold?

By ends. Almost the whole Town; and in particular, my Lord Turnabout, my Lord Time Server, my Lord

Lord!

The Pilgrims Plogrels.

169

Sreet, if the Sun Shines, and the people applaud him.

Then Christian Stept a little aside to his fellow Hopeful, saying, It runs in my mind that this is one By-ends, of Fair-Speech, and if it be he, we have as very a Knave in our company, as dwelleth in all these parts. Then said Hopeful, ask him; methinks he should not be ashamed of his name. So Christian came up with him again; and said, Sir, you talk as if you knew something more than all the world doth, and if I take not my mark amiss, I deem I have half a gues of you: Is not your name Mr. By-ends of Fair-Speech.

By-ends. This is not my name, but indeed it is a Nick name that is given me by some that cannot abide me, and I must be content to bear it as a reproach, as other good men have born theirs before me.

Chr. But did you never give an occasion to men to call you by this name ?

How By-ends got his name.

By-ends. Never, never! The work that ever I did to give them an occasion to give me this name, was, that I had always the luck to jump in my Judgment with the present way

170

The Pugtims Progrels.

way of the times, whatever it was,
and my chance was to get thereby;
but if things are thus cast upon me,
let me count them a bleffing, but
let not the malicious load me there-
fore with reproach?

Chr. I thought indeed that you
were the man that I heard of; and to
tell you what I think, I fear this name
belongs to you more properly than you
are willing we should think it doth.

By ends. Well, if you will thus
imagine, I cannot help it. You shall
find me a fair Company-keeper, if
you will still admit me your affoci-
ate.

Chr. If you will go with us, you
must go against Wind and Tide, the
which, I perceive, is against your opi-
nion: You must also own Religion in
his Rags, as well as when in his
Silver Slippers, and stand by him too,
when bound in Irons, as well as when
he walketh the Streets with applause.

By ends. You must not impose,
nor Lord it over my Faith, leave
me to my liberty, and let me go
with you.

Chr. Not a step further, unless
you will do in what I propound, as we.

Then

He desires to
keep company
with Christi-
an.

The Pilgrims Progrels.

171

Then said By-ends, I shall never
defert my old Principles, since they
are harmless and profitable. If I may
not go with you, I must do as I did
before you overtook me, even go by
my self, until some overtake me that
will be glad of my company.

By ends and
Christian
parts.

Now I saw in my Dream, that
Christian and Hopeful, forlook him,
and kept their distance before him,
but one of them looking back, saw
three men following Mr. By-ends,
and behold, as they came up with
him, he made them a very low Con-
je, and they also gave him a Comple-
ment. The mens names were Mr.
Hold-the World, Mr. Mony-love, and
Mr. Save-all; men that Mr. By-ends,
had formerly been acquainted with,
for in their minority they were
School-fellows, and were taught by
one Mr. Gripe-man, a Schoolmafter
in Love-gain, which is a market town
in the County of Coveting in the
North. This Schoolinafter taught
them the art of getting, either by
violence, coufenage, flattery, lying, or
by putting on a guife of Religion,
and these four Gentlemen had at-
tained much of the art of their Ma-
sters

He has new
Companions.

172

The Pilgrims Progress.

After, so that they could each of them have kept such a School themselves.

Well, when they had, as I said thus saluted each other, Mr. Mony-love said to Mr. By-ends, who are they upon the Road before us? for Christian and Hopeful were yet within view.

*By-ends*. They are a couple of far Countrey-men, that after their mode, are going on Pilgrimage.

*Mony love*. Alas, why did they not stay that we might have had their good company, for they, and we, and you Sir, I hope, are all going on Pilgrimage,

*By-ends*, We are so indeed, but the men before us, are so rigid, and love so much their own notions, and do also so lightly esteem the opinions of other; that let a man be never so godly, yet if he jumps not with them in all things, they thrust him quite out of their company.

Mr. Save-all, that's bad; But we read of some, that are righteous over-much, and such mens rigidneſs pre-vails with them to judge and condemn

By-ends Car-acter of the Pilgrims.

The Pilgrims Progress.

173

demn all but themselves. But I pray
what and how many, were the
things wherein you differed?

By ends. why, they after their
head-strong manner, conclude that
it is duty to rush on their Journy
all weathers, and I am for waiting
for Wind and Tide. They are for
hazzarding all for God, at a clap,
and I am for taking all advantages
to secure my life and estate. They
are for holding their notions, though
all other men are against them, but
I am for Religion in what, and so
far as the times, and my safety will
bear it. They are for Religion, when
in rags, and contempt, but I am for
him when he walks in his golden
slippers in the Sun-shine, and with
applause.

Mr. Hold-the-World; Ai, and hold
you there still, good Mr. By-ends,
for, for my part, I can count him
but a fool, that having the liberty
to keep what he has; shall be so
unwife as to lose it. Let us be wife
as Serpents, 'its best to make hay
when the Sun Shines; you see how
the Bee lieth still all winter and be-
stirs her only when she can
have

174

The Pilgrims Progress.

have profit with pleasure. God
sends sometimes Rain, and some-
times Sun-shine; if they be such fools
to go through the first, yet let us
be content to take fair weather a-
long with us. For my part, I like
that Religion best, that will stand
with the security of God's good
blessings unto us; for who can ima-
gin, that is ruled by his reason, since
God has bestowed upon us the
good things of this life, but that he
would have us keep them for his
fake. Abraham and Solomon grew
rich in Religion. And Job faies,
that a good man shall lay up Gold
as dust. But he must not be such as
the men before us, if they be as
you have described them.

Mr. Save-all. I think that we
are all agreed in this matter, and
therefore there needs no more
words about it.

Mr. Mony love. No, there needs
no more words about this matter
indeed, for he that believes neither
Scripture nor reason (and you see
we have both on our side) neither
knows his own liberty, nor seeks
his own safety.

Mr. By-

The Pilgrims Progrels.

175

Mr. By-ends. My Brethren, we are, as you see going all on Pilgrimage, and for our better diversion from things that are bad, give me leave to propound unto you this question.

Suppose a man; a Minister, or a Tradesman, &c. should have an advantage lie before him to get the good blessings of this life; Yet so, as that he can by no means come by them, except in appearance, at least, he becomes extraordinary Zealous in some points of Religion, that he medled not with before may be not use this means to attain his end, and yet be a right honest man,

Mr. Mony-love, I see the bottom of your question, and with these Gentlemen good leave, I will endevour to shape you an answer. And first to speak to your question, as it concerns a Minister himself. Suppose a Minister, a worthy man, possessed but of a very small benefice, and has in his eye a greater, more fat, and plump by far; he has also now an opportunity of getting of it; yet so as by being more studious, by preaching more frequently, and zealously, and because the

177

The Pilgrim's Progress.

the temper of the people requires it, by altering of some of his principles, for my part, I see no reason but a man may do this (provided he has a call.) And more a great deal besides, and yet be a honest man. For why,

1. His desire of a greater benefice is lawful (this cannot be contradicted) since 'tis set before him by providence; so then, he may get it if he can, Making no question for conscience sake.

2. Besides his desire after that benefice, makes him more studious, a more zealous preacher, &c. and so makes him a better man. Yea makes him better improve his parts, which is according to the mind of God.

3. Now as for his complying with the temper of his people, by diffusing, to serve them, some of his Principles: this argueth, 1. That he is of a selfe-denying temper. 2. Of a sweet and winning deportment. 3. And so more fit for the Ministerial function.

4. I conclude then, that a Minister that changes a small for a great, should not for so doing, be judged

as

The Pilgrims Progrels.

176

as covetous, but rather, since he is
improved in his parts and industry
thereby, be counted as one that
pursues his call, and the opportunity
put into his hand to do good.

And now to the second part of
the question, which concerns the
Tradesman you mentioned: Suppose
such an one to have but a poor im-
ploy in the world, but by becom-
ing Religious, he may mend his mar-
ket, perhaps get a rich wife, or
more, and for better customers to
his shop. For my part I see no rea-
son but that this may be unlawfully
done. For why,

1. To become religious is a vertue, by what means therefore a man becomes so.

2. Nor is it unlawful to get a rich wife, or more cultome to my shop.

3. Besides the man that gets these by becoming religious, gets that which is good, of them that are good, by becoming good himself; so then here is a good wife, and good customers, and good gaine, and all these by becoming religious, which is good. Therefore to become

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become religious to get all these
is a good and profitable design.

This answer, thus made by this
Mr. *Mony-love*, to Mr. *By-ends's*
question, was highly applauded by
them all; wherefore they concluded
upon the whole, that it was most
wholistic and advantageous. And
because, as they thought, no man
was able to contradict it, and be-
cause Christian and Hopeful was yet
within call; they joyntly agreed to
affault them with the question as
soon as they overtook them, and
the rather, because they had op-
posed Mr. By-ends before. So
they called after them, and they
stopt, and stood still till they came
up to them, but they concluded as
they went, that not Mr. By-ends, but
old Mr. Hold-the-World should pro-
pound the question to them, be-
cause, as they supposed, their
answer to him would be without
the remainder of that heat that was
kindled betwixt Mr. By-ends and
them, at their parting a little be-
fore:

So they came up to each other
and after a short salutation, Mr.

Hold-

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179

Hold-the-World propounded the question to Christian and his fellow, and bid them to answer it if they could.

Chr. Then said Christian, even a babe in Religion may answer ten thousand such questions. For if it be unlawful to follow Christ for loaves, as it is, Job. 6. How much more abominable is it to make of him and religion a stalking horse to get and enjoy the world. Nor do we find any other than Heathens, Hypocrites, Devils and Witches that are of this opinion.

1. Heathens, for when Hamor and Shechem had a mind to the Daughter and Cattel of Jacob, and saw that there was no waies for them to come at them, but by becoming circumcised, they say to their companions; If every male of us be circumcised, as they are circumcised, shall not their Cattel, and their substance, and every beast of theirs be ours? Their Daugh-ter and their Cattel were that which they fought to obtain, and their Religion the stalking horse they made use of to come at them.

Read

180 The Pilgrims Progrefes.

Read the whole story, Gen. 34:20, 21, 22, 23.

2. The Hypocritical Pharisees were also of this Religion, long prayers were their pretence, but to get widdows houses were their intent, and greater damnation was from God their Judgment, Luke 20:46, 47.

3. Judas the Devil was also of this Religion he was religious for the bag, that he might be posseffed of what was therein, but he was loft, caft away, and the very Son of perdition.

4. Simon the witch was of this Religion too, for he would have had the Holy Ghoſt, that he might have got money therewith, and his ſentence from Peters month was according, Act. 8. 19: 20, 21, 22.

5. Neither will it out of my mind, but that man that takes up Religion for the world, will throw away Religion for the world; for so surely as Judas was designed the world in becoming religious: so surely did he also sell Religion, and his Master for the fame. To anſwer the

The Pilgrims Progrels.

181

the question therefore affirmatively,
as I perceive you have done, and to
accept of as authentick such answer
is both Heathenish, Hypocritical
and Devilish, and your reward
will be according to your works.
Then they stood stareing one upon
another, but had not wherewith
to answer Christian, Hopeful also ap-
proved of the foundneſs of Christi-
ans anſwer, so there was a great ſi-
lence among them. Mr. By-ends and
his company also ſtaggered, and
kept behind, that Christian and
Hopeful might outgo them. Then
faid Christian to his fellow, if theſe
men cannot stand before the ſen-
tence of men, what will they dowith
the ſentence of God? and if they
are mute when dealt with by veſſels
of clay, what will they do when
they ſhall be rebuked by the flames
of a devouring fire?

Then Christian & Hopeful outwent
them again, and went till they came
at a delicate Plain called Eafe, where
they went with much content; but
that Plain was but narrow, so they
were quickly got over it. Now at the
further ſide of that Plain, was a

The eafe
that Pil-
grims have
is but little
in this life.

I

little

The Pilgrims Progress.

183

and besides, that Treasure is a snare
to those that seek it; for it hindreth
them in their Pilgrimage. Then Christian
ftian called to Demas, saying, Is not
the place dangerous? hath it not hin-
dred many in their Pilgrimage?
Dem.

Dem. Not very dangerous, except to those that are careles: but withal, he blushed as he spake.

Chri. Then said Christian to Hope-
ful, Let us not stir a step, but still
keep on our way.

Hope. I Will warrant you, when
By-ends comes up, if he hath the
same invitation as we, he will turn
in thither to see.

Chr. No doubt thereof, for his
Principles lead him that way, and
a hundred to one but he dies there.

Dem. Then Demas called again,
faying, But will you not come over
and see?

Chr. Then Christian roundly answered, faying, Demas, Thou art an enemy to the right ways of the Lord of this way, and had been already condemned for thine own turning aside, by one of his Majesties Judges; and why feelest thou to bring us into the like condemnation?

Hof. 4. 18.

Christian
roundet
up Demas.

2Tim. 4. 10.

I 2

tion?

The Pilgrims Progress.

185

the brink thereof, or whether they
went down to dig, or whether they
was smothered in the bottom, by
the damps that commonly arise, of
these things I am not certain: But
this I observed, that they never was
seen again in the way.

Then sang Christian,

By-ends, and Silver-Demas, both
agree,

One calls, the other runs, that he may
be

A sharer in his Lucre: so these do
Take up in this World, and no further
go.

Now I saw, that just on the other
side of this Plain, the Pilgrims came
to a place where stood an old Mo-
nument, hard by the High-way-side,
at the fight of which they were
both concerned, because of the
strangeness of the form thereof,
for it seemed to them as if it had
been a Woman transformed into the
shape of a Pillar: here therefore
they stood looking, and looking up-
on it, but could not for a time tell
what they should make thereof :

They see the
strange Mo-
nument.

13

At

186

The Pilgrims Progress.

At last *Hopeful* espied written above
upon the head thereof, a writing
in an unusual hand, but he being no
Scholar, called to *Christian* (for he
was learned) to see if he could pick
out the meaning: so he came, and
after a little laying of Letters to-
gether, he found the fame to be
this, *Remember Lot's Wife*. So he
read it to his fellow; after which,
they both concluded, that that was
the *Pillar of Salt* into which Lot's
*Wife* was turned for her looking
back with a *covetous heart*, when she
was going from *Sodom* for safety.
Which sudden & amazing fight, gave
them occasion of this discourse.

* Gen. 19.
26.

Chr. Ah my Brother, this is a fea-
sonable fight, it came opportunely
to us after the invitation which De-
mas gave us to come over to view
the Hill Lucre: and had we gone
over, as he desired us, and as thou
waist inclining to do (my Brother)
we had, for ought I know, been
made, our selves, like this woman, a
spectacle for those that shall come
after, to behold.

*Hope.* I am sorry that I was so
foolish, and am made to wonder
that

The Pilgrims Progress.

187

that I am not now as Lot's Wife:
for wherein was the difference
'twixt her sin and mine; she only
looked back, and I had a desire to
go see; let Grace be adored, and let
me be ashamed, that ever such a
thing should be in mine heart.

Chr. Let us take notice of what
we see here, for our help for time to
come: This Woman escaped one
Judgment; for she fell not by the
destruction of Sodom, yet she
was destroyed by another; as we
see, she is turned into a Pillar of
Salt.

Hope. True, and she may be to
us both Caution, and Example;
Caution that we should shun her sin,
or a sign of what judgment will
overtake such as shall not be pre-
vented by this caution: So Korah
Dathan, and Abiram, with the two
hundred and fifty men, that perish-
ed in their sin, did also become * a * Numb.
sign, or example to others to be-
ware: but above all, I muse at one
thing, to wit, how Demas and his
fellows can stand so confidently
yonder to look for that treasure,
which this Woman, but for looking

26.9, 10.

behind

I 4

The Pilgrims Progrefes.

are, that shall sin in the fight, yea
and that too in despite of such ex-
amples that are set continually be-
fore them, to caution them to the
contrary, muſt be partakers of ſeve-
reſt Judgements.

Hope. Doubtles thou haſt ſaid
the truth, but what a mercy is it,
that neither thou, but especially I,
am not made my ſelf, this example.
This miniftreth occasion to us to
thank God, to fear before him, and
always to remember Lot's Wife.

I ſaw then that they went on
their way to a pleafant River; which
David the King called the River of
God; but John, The River of the water
of life. Now their way lay juſt upon
the bank of the River: here there-
fore Christian and his Companion
walked with great delight, they
drank also of the water of the
River, which was pleafant and en-
livening to their weary Spirits: be-
fides, on the banks of this River, on
either side, were green Trees, for all
manner of Fruit; and the Leaves
they eat to prevent Surfeits, and
other Diseaſes that are incident
to those that heat their blood by

A River
Pfal. 65. 9.
Rev. 22.
Ezek. 47.

Trees by the
River.
The fruit
and leaves
of the
Tites.

15

Travels.

The Pilgrims Progress.

191

Now I beheld in my Dream, that
they had not journied far, but the
River and the way, (for a time) par-
ted; At which they were not a little
forry, yet they durst not go out of
the way. Now the way from the
River was rough, and their feet ten-
der by reason of their Travels; So the Numb. 21.
Soul of the Pilgrims were much dis- 4.
couraged, because of the way. Where-
fore still as they went on, they wifh-
ed for better way. Now a little be-
fore them, there was on the left
hand of the Road a Meadow, and a
Stile to go over into it, and that
Meadow is called By-Path Meadow. By-Path-
Then said Christian to his fellow, if Meadow.
this Meadow lieth along by our One temp-
way side, let's go over into it. Then tation does
he went to the Stile to see, and be- make way
hold a Path lay along by the way for another.
on the other side of the fence. 'Tis
according to my wifh, said Chri-
stian, here is the easiest going;
come good Hopeful, and let us go
over.

Hope. But how if this Path should
lead us out of the way ?

Chr. That's not like, said the o-
ther; look, doth it not go along by
the way.

Strong Christian
Christians may
lead weak
ones out of
the way.

The Pilgrims Progrels.

193

none to answer, onely they heard a
groaning, Then said *Hopeful*, Where
are we now? Then was his fellow
silent, as mistrufting that he had led
him out of the way. And now it be-
gan to rain and thunder, and lighten
in a very dreadful manner, and the
water rose amain.

Then *Hopeful* groaned in himself,
saying, *Oh that I had kept on my way!*

Chr. Who could have thought
that this path should have led us out
of the way?

Hope. I was afraid on't at very first,
and therefore gave you that gentle cau-
tion. I would have spoke plainer, but
that you are older than I.

Chr. Good Brother be not offen-
ded, I am forsy I have brought thee
out of the way, and that I have put
thee into such eminent danger; pray
my Brother forgive me, I did not do
it of an evil intent.

Hope. Be comforted my Brother, for
I forgive thee, and believe too, that this
shall be for our good.

Chr. I am glad I have with me a
merciful Brother: but we must not
stand thus, let's try to go back a-
gain.

Hope.

Reasoning
between
Christian
and Hope-
ful.

Christian
repeal
ance
for leading
of his Bro-
the: on't o
the way.

194

The Pilgrims Progrefes.

Hope. But good Brother let me go
before.

Chr. No, if you please let me go
firſt; that if there be any danger, I
may be firſt therein, because by my
means we are both gone out of the
way.

Hope. No, said Hopeful, you shall
not go firſt, for your mind being trou-
bled, may lead you out of the way a-
gain. Then for their encouragement,
they heard the voice of one, laying,
Let thine Heart be towards the High-
way, even the way that thou wentest,
turn again. But by this time the w-
ters were greatly risen; by reason of
which, the way of going back was
very dangerous. ( Then I thought
that it is easier going out of the
way when we are in, than going in,
when we are out.) Yet they adven-
tured to go back; but it was so
dark, and the flood was so high,
that in their going back, they had
like to have been drowned, nine or
ten times.

Neither could they, with all the
skill they had, get again to the Stile
that night. Wherefore, at last, light-
ing under a little shelter, they fate

down

Jer. 31. 1.
They are in
danger of
drowning as
they go back.

The Pilgrims Progress.

195

down there till the day brake; but
being weary, they fell asleep. Now
there was not far from the place
where they lay, a Castle, called
Doubting-Castle; the owner where-
of was Giant Despair, and it was in
his grounds they now were sleep-
ing; wherefore he getting up in
the morning early, and walking up
and down in his Fields, caught
Christian and Hopeful asleep in his
grounds. Then with a grim and fur-
ly voice he bid them awake, and ask-
ed them whence they were ? and
what they did in his grounds? They
told him, they were Pilgrims, and
that they had loft their way. Then
said the Giant, You have this night
trespassèd on me, by trampling in, &
lying on my ground, and therefore
you must go along with me. So they
were forced to go, because he was
stronger then they. They also had
but little to say, for they knew
themselves in a fault. The Giant
therefore drove them before him,
and put them into his Castle, into a
very dark Dungeon, naught and stink-
ing to the spirit of these two men :

Here then they lay from Wednesday
morning

They sleep in the grounds of Giant Despair.

He finds them in his ground, and carries them to Doubting Castle.

The grievousness of their Imprisonment.

196

The Pilgrims Progrefls.

Psal. 88. 16.

morning till Saturday night without one bit of bread, or drop of drink, or light, or any to ask how they did: They were therefore here in evil case, and were far from friends and acquaintance. Now in this place Christian had double forrow, because 'twas through his unadvised counsel that they were brought into this distreſs.

Now Giant Despair had a Wife, and her name was Diffidence: so when he was gone to bed, he told his Wife what he had done, to wit, that he had taken a couple of Prisoners, and caſt them into his Dungeon, for treſpaſſing on his grounds. Then he asked her also what he had beſt to do further to them. So she asked what they were, whence they came, and whither they were bound? and he told her: Then she counſelled him, that when he aroſe in the morning, he ſhould beat them without any mercy: So when he aroſe, he getteth him a grievous Crab-tree Cudgel, and goes down into the Dungeon to them; and there firſt falls ro Rateing of them, as if they were dogs: although they gave him.

The Pilgrims Progress.

197

him never a word of distaste; then
he falls upon them, and beats them
fearfully, in such sort, that they
were not able to help themselves,
or to turn them upon the floor.

This done, he withdraws and leaves
them, there to condole their misery
and to mourn under their distress :
so all that day, they spent the time
in nothing but fights and bitter la-
mentations. The next night she
talking with her husband about
them further, and understanding
that they were yet alive, did ad-
vise him to counsel them, to make
away themselves: So when morn-
ing was come, he goes to them in a
furly manner, as before, and per-
ceiving them to be very fore with
the stripes that he had given them
the day before; he told them, that
since they were never like to come
out of that place, their only way

would be, forthwith to make * an
end of themselves; either with Knife,
Halter or Poison : For why said he,
should you chuse life, seeing it is
attended with so much bitterness.
But they desired him to let them
go; with that he looked ugly up-

On Thursday
Giant Defpair
beats his Prisoners.

* On Friday
Giant Defpair
counsels them to kill
themselves.

on

200

The Pilgrims Progress.

present did moderate the mind of his Brother; so they continued together (in the dark) that day in their sad and doleful condition.

Well, towards evening the Giant goes down into the Dungeon again, to see if his Prisoners had taken his counsel; but when he came there, he found them alive, and truly, alive was all: for now, what for want of Bread and Water, and by reason of the Wounds they received when he beat them, they could do little but breath: But, I say, he found them alive; at which he fell into a grievous rage, and told them, that seeing they had disobeyed his counsel, it should be worse with them, than if they had never been born.

At this they trembled greatly, and I think that Christian fell into a Swound; but coming a little to himself again, they renewed their discourse about the Giants counsel; and whether yet they had best to take it or no. Now Christian again seemed to be for doing it, but Hopeful made his second reply as followeth.

* Christian still dejected.

Hope.

The Pilgrims Progrels.

201

Hope. * My Brother, said he, re-
membrest thou not how valiant thou
haft been heretofore; Apollyon could
not crush thee, nor could all that thou
didst hear, or see, or feel in the Valley
of the Shadow of Death; what hard-
ship, terror, and amazement haſt thou
already gone through, and art thou
now nothing but fears? Thou seest that
I am in the Dungeon with thee, a far
weaker man by nature than thou art :
Also this Giant has wounded me as
well as thee; and hath also cut off the
Bread and Water from my mouth; and
with thee I mourn without the light :
But let's exercise a little more patience.
Remember how thou playedst the man
at Vanity-Fair, and waſt neither a-
fraid of the Chain nor Cage; nor yet
of bloody Death: wherefore let us (at
least to avoid the ſhame, that becomes
not a Christian to be found in) bear up
with patience as well we can.

Now night being come again,
and the Giant and his Wife being in
bed, the asked him concerning the
Prisoners, and if they had taken his
counsel: To which he replied, They
are sturdy Rogues, they chuse ra-
ther to bear all hardship, than to
make

* Hopeful
comforts
him again,
by calling
former
things to
remem-
brance.

The Pilgrims Prograts.

203

bring them to an end. And with
that his Wife replied, I fear, said she,
that they live in hope that some will
come to relieve them, or that they
have pick-locks about them; by the
means of which they hope to ef-
cape. And, fayest thou so, my dear,
said the Giant, I will therefore search
them in the morning.

Well, on Saturday about midnight
they began to pray and continu-
ed in Prayer till almost break of
day.

Now a little before it was day
good Christian, as one half amazed,
brake out in this passionate speech,
What a fool, (quoth he) am I, thus to
lie in a stinking Dungeon, when I may
as well walk at liberty? I have a Key
in my bosom, called Promise, that will,
(I am perfwaded) open any Lock in
Doubting-Castle. Then said Hopeful,
That's good news; good Brother
pluck it out of thy bosom, and try :
Then Christian pulled it out of his
bosom, & began to try at the Dun-
geon door, whose bolt (as he turned
the Key) gave back, and the door
flew open with ease, and Christian
and Hopeful both came out. Then
he

A Key in
Chriftians
bosom, called
Promise,
opens any
Lock in
Doubting
Castle.

204

The Pilgrims Progress.

he went to the outward door. that
leads into the Castle-yard, and with
his Key opened that door also. After
he went to the Iron Gate, for that
must be opened too, but that Lock
went damnable hard, yet the Key
did open it; then they thrust open
the Gate to make their escape with
speed; but that Gate, as it opened
made such a craking, that it waked
Giant Despair, who hastily rising to
pursue his Prisoners, felt his Limbs
to fail, for his fits took him again, so
that he could by no means go after
them. Then they went on, and came
to the Kings High-way; and so were
safe, because they were out of his
Jurisdiction.

Now when they were gone over
the Stile, they began to contrive
with themselves what they should
do at that Stile, to prevent those
that should come after, from falling
into the hands of Giant Despair. So
they consented to erect there a
Pillar, and to engrave upon the side
thereof this Sentence, Over this Stile
is the way to Doubting Castle, which is
kept by Giant Despair, who despiseth
the King of the Celestial Countrey, and
seeks

A Pillar
erected by
Christian
and his fel-
low.

The Pilgrims Progrefes.

205

seeks to destroy the Holy Pilgrims.
Many therefore that followed
after, read what was written, and
escaped the danger. This done,
they sang as follows.

Out of the way we went, and then we
found,

What 'twas to tread upon forbidden
Ground:

And let them that come after have a
care,

Left heedlessneſs makes them, as we, to
fare:

Left they for trefpaffing, his Prisoners
are,

Whose Castle's Doubting, and whose
name's Despair.

They went then, till they came
to the delectable Mountains, which
Mountains belong to the Lord of
that Hill of which we have spoken
before; so they went up to the
Mountains, to behold the Gardens,
and Orchards, the Vineyards, and
Fountains of Water, where also they
drank and washed themselves, and
did freely eat of the Vineyards.
Now there was on the tops of these

The delectable
Mountains.

They are re-
freshed in
the Moun-
tains.

K. Mountains,

206

The Pilgrims Progress.

Mountains, Shepherds feeding their flocks; and they stood by the Highway side. The Pilgrims, therefore went to them, and leaning upon their staves; (as is common with weary Pilgrims, when they stand to talk with any by the way;) they asked, *Whose delectable Mountains are these? and whose be the sheep that feed upon them?*

*Talk with the Shepherds.*

Shep. These Mountains are Immanuels Land, and they are within fight of his City, and the sheep also are his, and he laid down his life for them.

Chr. Is this the way to the Cælestial City?

Shep. You are just in your way.

Chr. How far is it thither?

Shep. Too far for any, but those that shall get thither indeed.

Chr. Is the way safe or dangerous?

Shep. Safe for those for whom it is to be safe, but transgressors shall fall therein.

Chr. Is there in this place any relief for Pilgrims, that are weary and faint in the way?

Shep. The Lord of these Mountains hath given us a charge, Not to be

The Pilgrims Progress.

207

be forgetful to entertain strangers : Therefore the good of the place is before you.

I saw also in my Dream, that when the Shepherds perceived that they were way-fairing men, they also put questions to them, (to which they made answer as in other places) as, Whence came you, and, How got you into the way? and, By what means have you so perfected therein? For but few of them that begin to come hither, do they see their face on these Mountains. But when the Shepherds heard their answers, being pleased therewith, they looked very lovingly upon them and said, *Welcome to the delectable Mountains.*

*The Shepherds well-come them.*

The Shepherds I say whose names were Knowledge, Experience, Watchful, and Sincere, took them by the hand, and had them to their Tents, and made them partake of that which was ready at present. They said moreover, We would that you should stay here a while, to be acquainted with us, and yet more to solace your selves with the good of these delectable Mountains. They

The Names of the Shepherds.

K 2

then

2c8

The Pilgrims Progress.

then told them, that they were
content to stay; and so they went
to their rest that night, because it
was very late.

Then I saw in my Dream, that in
the morning, the Shepherds called
up Christian and Hopeful to walk
with them upon the Mountains: So
they went forth with them, and
walked a while, having a pleasant
prospect on every side. Then said
the Shepherds one to another, shall
we shew these Pilgrims some wonders?
So when they had concluded
to do it, they had them first to the
top of an Hill, called Error, which
was very steep on the furthest side,
and bid them look down to the bottom.
So Christian and Hopeful looked
down, and saw at the bottom several
Men, dashed all to pieces by a
fall that they had from the top.
Then said Christian, What meaneth
this? The Shepherds answered,
Have you not heard of them that
were made to err, by hearkening
to *Hymeneus*, and Philetus, as concerning
the faith of the Resurrection
of the Body? they answered, yes.
Then said the Shepherds, That
that

* They are
sure won-
ders.

The Moun-
tain of Ex-
fer.

*2 Tim.2.
17, 18.

The Pilgrims Progress.

209

that you see lie dashed in pieces at
the bottom of this Mountain, are
they: and they have continued to
this day unburied (as you see) for
an example to others to take heed
how they clamber too high, or
how they come too near the brink
of this Mountain.

Then I saw that they had them to
the top of another Mountain, and
the name of that is *Caution*; and
bid them look afar off: Which
when they did, they perceived, as
they thought, several Men walking
up and down among the Tombs
that were there. And they percei-
ved that the Men were blind, be-
caufe they stumbled sometimes up-
on the Tombs, and becaufe they
could not get out from among
them. Then faid Christian, What
means this?

*Mount Caution.*

The Shepherds then answered,
Did you not see a little below these
Mountains, a Stile, that led into a
Meadow, on the left hand of this
way? They answered, Yes. Then
said the Shepherds, From that Stile
there goes a path that leads direct-
ly to Doubting-Castle, which is kept

K 3

by

210

The Pilgrims Progrels.

by Giant Despair; and these men
(pointing to them among the
Tombs) came once on Pilgrimage
as you do now, even till they came
to that fame Stile. And becaufe the
right way, was rough in that place,
they chose to go out of it into that
Meadow, and there were taken by
Giant Despair, and caft into Doubt-
ing-Castle; where, after they had a
while been kept in the Dungeon, he
at last did put out their eyes, and
led them among those Tombs,
where he has left them to wander
to this very day; that the saylng of
the Wife Man might be fulfilled,
He that wandereth out of the way of
understanding, shall remain in the
Congregation of the dead. Then Chri-
stian and Hopeful looked upon
one another, with tears gufling
out; but yet said nothing to the
Shepherds.

Prov. 21.
26.

Then I saw in my Dream, that
the Shepherds had them to another
place in a bottom, where was a
door in the fide of an Hill; and they
opened the door,and bid them look
in. They looked in therefore, and
saw that within it was very dark,
and

The Pilgrims Progress.

213

Which from all other men are kept
conceal'd:

Come to the Shepherds then, if you
would see

Things deep, things hid, and that
mysterious be.

When they were about to depart,
one of the Shepherds gave them a
note of the way. Another of them,

bid them *beware of the flatterer. The
third bid them take heed that they
sleep not upon the Inchanted Ground.

And the fourth, bid them God speed.
So I awoke from my Dream.

*At two-fold Caution.*

And I flept, and Dreamed again,
and saw the fame two Pilgrims go-
ing down the Mountains along the
High-way towards the City. Now
a little below these Mountains, on
the left hand, lieth the Countrey
of Conceit; from which Countrey
there comes into the way in which
the Pilgrims walked, a little crook-
ed Lane. Here therefore they met
with a very brisk Lad, that came
out of that Countrey; and his name
was Ignorance. So Christian asked
him, From what parts he came? and
whither he was going?

The Countrey of Conceit, out of which came Ignorance.

K 5

Ig.

The Pilgrims Progress.

215

content to follow the Religion of your Countrey, and I will follow the Religion of mine. I hope all will be well. And as for the Gate that you talk of, all the world knows that that is a great way off of our Country. I cannot think that any man in all our parts doth so much as know the way to it; nor need they matter whether they door no, since we have, as you see, a fine pleasant green Lane, that comes down from our Country the next way into the way.

When Christian saw that the man was wife in his own conceit; he said to Hopeful, whisperingly. There is more hopes of a fool than of him. And he said moreover, When he that is a fool walketh by the way, his wisdom faileth him, and he saith to every one that he is a fool. What, shall we talk further with him? or out-go him at present? and so leave him to think of what he hath heard already? and then stop again for him afterwards, and see if by degrees we can do any good of him? Then said Hopeful,

Let Ignorance a little while now muse
On what is said, and let him not refuse

Good

Prov. 26.

11.

Eccles. 10.

3.

How to carry it to a fool.

216

The Pilgrims Precepts.

Good counsel to embrace, left he remain
Still ignorant of what's the chiefest gain.

God faith, Those that no understanding have,
( Although he made them ) them he will not save.

Hope. He further added, It is not good, I think to say all to him at once, let us pass him by, if you will, and talk to him anon, even as he is able to bear it.

So they both went on, and Ignorance he came after. Now when they had passed him a little way, they entred into a very dark Lane, where they met a man whom seven Devils had bound with seven strong Cords, and were carrying of him back to the door that they saw on the side of the Hill. Now good Christian began to tremble, and so did Hopeful his Companion: Yet as the Devils led away the man, Christian looked to see if he knew him, and he thought it might be one Turn-away that dwelt in the Town of Apostacy. But he did not perfectly see his face; for he did hang his head

Mat. 12.45.

Prov. 5.22.

The definition of one Turn-away.

The Pilgrims Progress.

217

head like a Thief that is found :
But being gone past, *Hopeful* looked
after him, and espied on his back a
Paper with this Inscription, *Wanton*
*Professor*, and damnable Apostate.

Then said Christian to his Fellow,
Now I call to remembrance that
which was told me of a thing that
happened to a good man hereabout.

The name of the man was Little-Faith,
but a good man, and he
dwelt in the Town of Sincere. The
thing was this; At the entring in
of this passage, there comes down
from *Broad-way-gate*, a Lane, called

Dead mans Lane; so called, because
of the Murders that are commonly
done there. And this

Little-Faith
going on Pilgrimage, as we do now,
chanced to fit down there and flept.

Now there happened at that time,
to come down the Lane from *Broad-
way-gate*, three sturdy Rogues; and
their names were *Faint-heart*, *Mi-
Strust*, and *Guilt*, (three Brothers)
and they espying Little-Faith where
he was, came galloping up with
speed: Now the good man was just
awaked from his sleep, and was get-
ting up to go on his Journey. So

they

Christian
telleth his
Companion
a story of
Little-
Faith.

Broad-way
gate.

Dead-mans
Lane.

The Pilgrims Progress.

219

Chr. No: the place where his Little-Jewels were, they never ranfack'd; faith left so those he kept still; but as I was not his best told, the good man was much affli- things.

ected for his loſs. For the Thieves got moſt of his ſpending money. That which they got not, (as I ſaid) were Jewels; also he had a little odd

1 Pet. 4: 18
Money left, but ſcarce enough to
bring him to his Journeys end ;
nay, (if I was not miſ-informed)
he was forced to beg as he went,

to keep himself alive, (for his Little-Jewels he might not ſell.) But beg, and do what he could, he went (as we ſay) with many a hungry bet- ly the moſt part of the reſt of the way.

Hope, But is it not a wonder they got not from him his Certificate, by which he was to receive his admittance at the Cœlestial gate.

Chr. 'Tis a wonder, but they got not that; though they miſt it not through any good cunning of his; for he being diſmayed with their coming upon him, had neither pow- er nor skill to hide any thing; so 'twas more by good providence, than by his endeavour, that they

He kept no
his beſt
things by
his own
cunning.

mift

2 Tim. 1: 14.

220

The Pilgrims Progress.

mist of that good thing.

Hope. But it must needs be a comfort to him, that they got not this few-el from him.

2 Pet. 1. 9.

Chr. It might have been great comfort to him, had he used it as he should; but they that told me the story, said, That he made but little use of it all the rest of the way; and that because of the dismay that he had in their taking away his money: indeed he forgot it a great part of the rest of his Journey; and besides, when at any time, it came into his mind, and he began to be comforted therewith, then would fresh thoughts of his lofs come again upon him, and those thoughts would swallow up all.

Hope. Alas poor man! this could not but be a great grief unto him.

He is pitied by both.

Chr. Grief! Ay, a grief indeed! would it not have been so to any of us, had we been used as he, to be robbed and wounded too, and that in a strange place, as he was? 'Tis a wonder he did not die with grief, poor heart! I was told, that he scattered almost all the rest of the way with nothing but doleful and bitter complaints.

The Pilgrims Progress.

221

complaints. Telling also to all that
over took him, or that he over-
took in the way as he went, where
he was robbed, and how; who they
were that did it, and what he lost;
how he was wounded, and that he
hardly escaped with life.

Hope. But 'tis a wonder that his
necessity did not put him upon selling,
or pawning some of his Jewels, that he
might have wherewith to relieve
himself in his Journey.

Chr. Thou talkest like one, upon
whose head is the shell to this very
day: For what should he pawn
them? or to whom should he sell
them? In all that Country where he
was robbed his Jewels were not ac-
counted of, nor did he want that re-
lief which could from thence be
administred to him? besides, had his
Jewels been missing at the Gate of
the Cœlestial City, he had (and
that he knew well enough) been
excluded from an Inheritance there;
and that would have been worse to
him than the appearance, and villa-
ny of ten thousand Thieves.

Hope. Why art thou so tart my
Brother? Esau sold his Birth-right, Heb.12.16.
and

The Pilgrims Progress.

223

Only bears fway (as it will in that
man where no Faith is to refift) if he
fells his Birth-right, and his Soul and
all, and that to the Devil of Hell;
for it is with ſuch, as it is with the
Aſs, Who in her occafions cannot be
turned away. When their minds are
fet upon their Luſts; they will have
them whatever they coſt. But Lit-
tle-Faith was of another temper,

his mind was on things Divine; his
livelihood was upon things that
were Spiritual, and from above:

Therefore to what end ſhould he
that is of ſuch a temper ſell his Jew-
els, (had there been any that would
have bought them) to fill his mind
with empty things? Will a man
give a peny to fill his belly with

Hay ? or can you perſwade the Tur-
tle-Dove to live upon Carrion, like

the Crow ? Though faithleſs ones
can for carnal Luſts, pawn, or mor-

gage, or ſell what they have, and
themselves out-right to boot ; yet

they that have faith, ſaving faith,
though but a little of it, cannot do
ſo. Here therefore, my Brother, is
thy miftake.

Hope. I acknowledge it; but yet
your

Jer. 2. 24.

Little-
Faith could
not live up-
on Efau's
Pottage.

A compa-
riſon be-
tween the
Turtle-
Dove and
the Crow.

yowr

224

The Pilgrims Prog.efs.

your severe reflection had almost made
me angry.

Chr. Why, I did but compare thee
to some of the Birds that are of the
brisker sort, who will run to and
fro in untrodden paths with the
shell upon their heads: but pafs by
that, and confider the matter
under debate, and all shalll be well
betwixt thee and me.

Hope. But Christian, These three
fellows, I am perswaded in my heart
are but a company of Cowards: would
they have run else, think you, as they
did, at the noise of one that was coming
on the road? Why did not Little-
Faith pluck up a greater heart?
He might, methinks, have flood
one brush with them, and have
yielded when there had been no re-
medy.

Hopeful
swaggers.

No great
heart for
God where
there is but
little faith.

We have
more cou-
rage when
out, than
when we
are in.

Chr. That they are Cowards,
many have said, but few have found
it so in the time of Trial. As for a
great heart, Little-Faith had none;
and I perceive by thee my Brother,
hadst thou been the man concerned,
thou art but for a brush and then to
yield. And verily, since this is the
height of thy stomach, now they
are

The Pilgrims Progress.

225

are at a distance from us, should
they appear to thee, as they did to
him, they might put thee to second
thoughts.

But consider again, they are but
Journey-men Thieves, they serve
under the King of the Bottomless
pit; who, if need be, will come to
their aid himself, and his voice is
as the roaring of a Lion. I my self
have been engaged as this Little
Faith was, and I found it a terrible
thing. These three Villains set upon
me, and I beginning, like a Christian,
to refist, they gave but a call, and in
came their Master: I would, as the
saying is, have given my Life for a
Penny, but that, as God would have
it, I was cloathed with Armour of
Proof. Ay, and yet, though I was so
harnessed, I found it hard work to
quit my self like a Man; no Men can
tell what in that combat attends us,
but he that hath been in the battel
himself.

Hope, Well, but they ran, you see,
when they did but suppose that one
Great-Grace was in the way.

Chr. True, they have often fled,
both they and their Master, when
Great-

Psal. c. 8.

Christian
tells his own
experience
in this case.

226

The Pilgrims Progress.

Great-grace hath but appeared; and no marvel, for he is the Kings Champion. But I tro, you will put some difference between Little-Faith and the Kings Champion; all the Kings Subjects are not his Champions: nor can they, when tried, do such feats of War as he. Is it meet to think that a little child should handle Goliah as David did? or that there should be the strength of an Ox in a Wren? Some are strong, some are weak, some have great Faith, some have little: this man was one of the weak, and therefore he went to the walls.

The Kings
Champion.

Hope. I would it had been Great-grace for their fakes.

Chr. If it had been he, he might have had his hands full. For I must tell you, that though Great-grace is excellent good at his Weapons, and has, and can, so long as he keeps them at Swords point, do well enough with them: yet if they get within him, even Faint-heart, Mistrust, or the other, it shall go hard but they will throw up his heels. And when a man is down, you know, what can he do,

Who

The Pilgrims Progress.

227

Who so looks well upon Great-
graces face, shall see those scars and
cuts there, that shall easily give de-
monstration of what I say. Yea once
I heard that he should say, (and that
when he was in the Combat) We de-
spaired even of life: How did these
sturdy Rogues and their Fellows
make David groan, mourn, and
roar? Yea Haman and Hezekiah too,
though Champions in their day,
were forced to bestir them, when
by these assaulted; and yet, notwith-
standing, they had their Coats
foundly brusht by them. Peter
upon a time would go try what he
could do; but, though some do say
of him, that he is the Prince of the
Apostles, they handled him so, that
they made him at last afraid of a
sorry Girl.

Besides, their King is at their
whistle, he is never out of hearing;
and if at any time they be put to
the worst, he, if possible, comes in to
help them: And, of him it is said,
The Sword of him that layeth at him
cannot hold; the Spear, the Dart, nor
the Habergeon; he esteemeth Iron as
straw, and Brafs as rotten Wood. The

Arrow

Job 41. 26.

Leviathans
sturdiness.

The Pilgrims Progrels.

229

nor be tickled at the thoughts of
our own manhood; for such commonly
come by the worst when
tried. Witneſs Peter, of whom I
made mention before: He would
swagger, ay he would: He would
as his vain mind prompted him to
fay, do better, and stand more for
his Maſter, than all men: But who
fo foiled, and run down with these
Villainies as he?

When therefore we hear that ſuch
Robberies are done on the Kings
High-way, two things become us
to do: first to go out hardneſſed, and
to be ſure to take a shield with us:
For it was for want of that, that he
that laid ſo lustily at Leviathan could
not make him yield. For indeed, if
that be wanting, he fears us not at
all. Therefore he that had skill hath
said, Above all take this Shield of
Faith, wherewith ye ſhall be able to
quench all the fiery darts of the wicked.

Ephes. 6. 16.

Tis good also that we desire of
the King a Convoy, yea that he will
go with us himself. This made Da-
vid rejoyce when in the Valley of
the shadows of death; and Mſes
was rather for dying where he

Tis good to
have a convey.

Exod. 33. 15.

L

rood

230

The Pilgrims Progrſs.

stood, than to go one step without
his God. O my Brother, if he will
but go along with us, what need we
be afraid of ten thousands that shall
set themselves against us, but with-
out him, the proud helper's fall tender
the flain.

I for my part have been in the fray
before now, and though (through
the goodness of him that is best) I
am as you see alive: yet I cannot
boast of my manhood. Glad shall I
be, if I meet with no more such
brunts, though I fear we are not got
beyond all danger. However, since
the Lion and the Bear have not as
yet, devoured me, I hope God will
also deliver us from the next uncir-
cumcised Philistine. Then Sang
Christian.

Poor Little-Faith! Haſt been among
the Thieves!

Waſt robb'd! Remember this, who so
believes:

And get more Faith; then ſhall you
Victors be

Over ten thousand, else scarce over
three.

So

Psal. 3:5, 6,
7, 8.

Psal. 27. 1,
2, 3.

Isa. 10. 4.

The Pilgrims Progress.

231

So they went on, and Ignorance
followed. They went then till they
came at a place where they saw a
way put it self into their way, and
seemed withal, to lie as straight as
the way which they should go; and
here they knew not which of the
two to take, for both seemed straight
before them; therefore here they
stood still to consider; And as they
were thinking about the way, be-
hold, a man black of flesh, but co-
vered with a very light Robe, came
to them, and asked them, why they
stood there ? They answered, They
were going to the Cælestial City,
but knew not which of these ways
to take. Follow me, said the man, it
is thither that I am going. So they
followed him in the way that but
now came into the road, which by
degrees turned, and turned them to
from the City, that they desired to
go to, that in little time their faces
were turned away from it; yet
they followed him. But by and by
before they were aware, he led
them within the compacts of a
Net, in which they were both so en-
tangled, that they knew not what

L 2

to

A wayward a
way.

The flatterer
finds them.

Christian and
his fellow de-
luded.

They are ta-
ken in a Met

The Pilgrims Progress.

233

they did there? They told him, that
they were poor Pilgrims, going to
Sion, but were led out of their way
by a black man, cloathed in white;
who bid us, said they, follow him
for he was going thither too. Then
said he with the Whip, it is Flat-
terer, a false Apostle, that hath tran-
formed himself into an Angel of
Light. So he rent the Net, and let
the men out. Then said he to them,
Follow me, that I may let you in
your way again; so he led them
back to the way, which they had
left to follow the Flatterer. Then he
asked them, saying, Where did you
lie the last night? They said, with
the Shepherds upon the delectable
Mountains. He asked them then,
If they had not of them Shepherds
a note of direction for the way? They
answered; Yes. But did you, said he,
when you were at a stand, pluck out
and read your note? They answered,
No, He asked them why? They said
they forgot. He asked moreover, If
the Shepherds did not bid them be-
ware of the Flatterer? They an-
swered, Yes: But we did not ima-
gine, said they, that this fine-spoken
man had been he.

Prov.29.4.
Dan.11.32.
2 Cor. 11.
13,14.

They are ex-
amined, and
convicted of
forgetfulness.

versaecD
fine spoken.
Rom.16.
18.

L 3

Then

The Pilgrims Progrels.

lone all along theHigh-way to meet
them. Then said Christian to his
fellow, yonder is a man with his
back toward Sion, and he is coming
to meet us.

Hope. I see him, let us take heed
to our selves now, left he should
prove a Flatterer also. So he drew
nearer and nearer, and at last came
up unto them His name was Atheist,
and he asked them whither they
were going.

The Atheist
meets them.

Chr. We are going to the Mount
Sion.

Then Atheist fell into a very
great Laughter.

He laughs at
them.

Chr. What is the meaning of your
Laughter?

Atheist. I laugh to see what ig-
norant persons you are, to take upon
you so tedious a Journey; and yet
are like to have nothing but your
travel for your pains.

Chr. Why man? Do you think we
shall not be received?

They reason
together.

Atheist. Received; There is no
such place as you dream of, in all
this world.

Chr. But there is in the World to
come.

L 4

Atheist.

236

The Pilgrims Progress.

Atheist. When I was at home in
mine own Country, I heard as you
now affirm, and from that hearing
went out to see, and have been seek-
ing this City this twenty years. But
find no more of it, than I did the first
day I set out,

Chr. We have both heard and be-
lieve that there is such a place to be
found.

Atheist. Had not I, when at home,
believed, I had not come thus far to
seek: But finding none, (and yet I
should, had there been such a place
to be found, for I have gone to seek
it further than you) I am going back
again, and will seek to refresh my
self with the things that I then cast
away, for hopes of that, which I
now see, is not.

Chr. Then said Christion to Hope-
ful his Fellow, Is it true which this
man hath said?

Hope. Take heed, he is one of the
Flatterers; remember what it hath
cost us once already for our hear-
kening to such kind of Fellows,
What! no Mount Sion? Did we not
see, from the delectable Mountains,
the Gate of the City? Also, are we
not

Jer. 22. 13.
Eccl. 10. 15.

The Atheist
takes up his
content in
this world.

Christian
proveth his
Brother.

Hopefuls
gracious an-
fwer.

2 Cor. 5. 7.

The Pilgrims Progrels.

239

But do you begin if you please.

Ch. I will sing you first this Song.

When Saints do sleepy grow, let them
come hither,

The Dreamers note.

And hear how these two Pilgrims
talk together:

Yeas, let them learn of them, in any wife

Thus to keep ope their drowsie slum-
mering eyes.

Saints fellowship if it be manag'd
well,

Keeps them awake and that in spight
of Hell.

Chr. Then Christian began and
said, I will ask you a question, How

* came you to think at first of doing
as you do now?

* They begin
at the begin-
ing of their
conversion.

Hope. Do you mean, How came
I at first to look after the good of
my soul?

Chr. Yes, that is my meaning.

Hope. I continued a great while
in the delight of those things which
were seen, and sold at our Fair;
things, which I believe now, would
have (had I continued in them still)
drowned me in perdition and de-
struction.

Chr. What things were they?

Hope.

The Pilgrims Progress

141

* Hope. The causes were, 1. I was ignorant that this was the work of God upon me. I never thought that by awakenings for sin God at first begins the conversion of a sinner. 2. Sin was yet very sweet to my flesh and I was loth to leave it. 3. I could not tell how to part with mine old Companions, their presence and actions were so desirable unto me. 4. The hours in which convictions were upon me, were such troublesome and such heart-aflighting hours, that I could not bear, no not so much as the remembrance of them upon my heart.

Ch. Then as it seems, sometimes you got rid of your trouble.

*Hope. Yes verily, but it would come into my mind again; and then I should be as bad, nay worse than I was before.*

Chr. Why, what was it that brought your sins to mind again?

*Hope. Many things, as,*

1. * If I did but meet a good man in the Streets; or, When he had lost his sense of sin, what brought it again.*

2. If I have heard any read in the Bible; or,

3. If mine Head did begin to ake; or,

4. If

242

The Pilgrims Progress.

4. If I were told that some of my
Neighbors were sick; or,

5. If I heard the Bell toll for some
that were dead; or,

6. If I thought of dying my self;
or,

7. If I heard that sudden death
happened to others.

8. But especially, when I thought
of my self, that I must quickly come
to Judgement.

Chr. And could you at any time,
with ease, get off the guilt of sin when
by any of these ways it came upon you?

Hope. No, not I, for then they
got farther hold of my Conscience.
And then, if I did but think of going
back to sin (though my mind was
turned against it) it would be double torment to me.

Chr. And how did you do then?

Hope. I thought I must endeavour to mend my life, for else thought I, I am sure to be damned.

Chr. And did you endeavour to mend?

Hope. Yes, and fled from, not
only my sins, but sinful Company
too; and betook me to Religious
Duties, as Praying, Reading Weeping

When it
would no longer
shake off
his guilt by
sinful cour-
ks, then he
endeavours to
mend.

The Pilgrims Progress

243

ing for sin, speaking Truth to my
Neighbors, &c. These things did I,
with many others, too much here
to relate.

Chr. And did you think your self
well then?

Hope. Yes, for a while; but at
the last my trouble came tumbling
upon me again, and that over the
neck of all my Reformations.

Then he
thought him-
self well.

Chr. How came that about, since
you were now reformed?

Hope. There were several things
brought it upon me, especially such
fayings as these; All our righteous-
nesses are as filthy rags. By the works
of the Law no man shall be justified.

Reformation
at last could
not help, and
why.

Isa. 64. 6.

Gal. 2. 16.

When you have done all things say, We
are unprofitable : with many more
such like: From whence I began to
reason with my self thus: If All my
righteousnesses are filthy rags, if by
the deeds of the Law, No man can
be justified; And, if when we have
done All, we are yet unprofitable :
Then 'tis but a folly to think of hea-
ven by the Law. I further thought
thus. * If a man runs an hundred
pound into the Shop-keepers debt,
and after that shall pay for all that

* His better a
debtor by the
Law troubled
him.

he

244

The Pilgrims Progress.

he shall fetch, yet if his old debt
stand still in the Book uncroffed; for
that the Shop-keeper may sue him,
and cast him into Prifon till he shall
pay the debt.

Chr. Well, and how did you apply
this to your self?

Hope. Why, I thought thus with
my self; I have by my sins run a
great way into God's Book, and
that my now reforming, will not pay
off that score; therefore I should
think still under all my present a-
mendments. But how shall I be
freed from that damnation that I
have brought my self in danger of
by my former transgressions?

Chr. A very good application: but
pray go on.

Hope. Another thing that hath
troubled me, even since my late a-
mendments, is, that if I look narrow-
ly into the best of what I do now, I
still see sin, new sin, mixing it self
with the best of that I do. So that
now I am forced to conclude, that
notwithstanding my former fond
conceits of my self and duties, I
have committed sin enough in one
duty to send me to Hell, though
my

His espying
had things in
his best du-
ties, troubled
him.

The Pilgrims Progress.

245

my former life had been faultles.

Chr. And what did you do then?

Hope. Do! I could not tell what
to do,till I brake my mind to Faith-
ful; for he and I were well aequain-
ted : And he told me, That unlefs I
could obtain the rightouſneſs of a
man that never had ſinned, neither
mine own, nor all the rightouſneſs
of the world could ſave me.

This made
him break his
mind to
Faithful, who
told him the
way to be ſa-
ved.

Chr. And did you think he spake
true ?

Hope. Had he told me so when I
was pleafed and ſatisfied with mine
own amendments, I had called him
fool for his pains : but now, ſince I
ſee my own inſirmity, and the ſin
that cleaves to my beſt perfor-
mance, I have been forced to be of
his opinion.

Chr. But did you think, when at
first he ſuggested it to you, that there
was ſuch a man to be found, of whom
it might iuſtly be ſaid, That he never
committed ſin ?

Hope. I muſt confefs the words at
first founded ſtrangely; but after a
little more talk and company with
him, I had full conviction about it.

Chr. And did you ask him what
man

At which he
ſtarted at pre-
fent.

The Pilgrims Prognels.

247

of Jesus his inditing, to encourage
me the more freely to come : And
he said concerning that Book, That
every jot and tittle thereof stood fir-
mer than Heaven and Earth. Then
I asked him what I must do when I
came ? and he told me, I must in-
treat upon my knees with all my
heart and soul, the Father to reveal
him to me. Then I asked him fur-
ther, How I must make my suppli-
cation to him? And he said, Go,
and thou shalt find him upon a mer-
cy-seat, where he fits all the year
long, to give pardon and forgive-
ness to them that come. I told him
that I knew not what to say when I
came : * and he bid me say to this
effect, God be merciful to me a sinner,
and make me to know and believe in
Jesus Christ; for I see that if his righ-
teousness had not been, or I have not
faith in that righteousness, I am utter-
ly cast away : Lord, I have heard that
thou art a merciful God, and hast or-
dained that thy Son Jesus Christ should
be the Saviour of the world; and
moreover, that thou art willing to be-
ftow him upon such a poor sinner as I
am, (and I am a sinner indeed) Lord
take

Mat. 24.35.

Plal. 95.6.

Dan. 6. 10.

Jer.29.12, 13

Exod.25. 22.

Levit.16.9.

Numb.7.8.

Heb.4.6. ]]

* He is bid to
pray.

The Pilgrims Progress.

249

Grace. And withal, this came into
my mind, If it tarry, wait for it,
because it will surely come, and will
not tarry. So I continued Praying
until the Father shewed me his
Son.

Hab. 2.3.

Chr. And how was he revealed unto
you?

Hope. I did not see him with my
bodily eyes, but with the eyes of
mine understanding; and thus it
was. One day I was very sad, I
think fadder than at any one time
in my life; and this sadneſs was
through a fresh fight of the great-
neſs and vilenefs of my fins: And
as I was then looking for nothing
but Hell, and the everlaſting dam-
nation of my Soul, suddenly, as I
thought, I saw the Lord Jefus look
down from Heaven upon me, and
saying, *Believe on the Lord Jefus*
*Chrift and thou shalt be saved.*

Ephes. 1.18,
19.

Chrisk is re-
vealed to him,
and how.

Act. 16.30,
31.

But I replied, Lord, I am a great,
a very great finner; and he an-
swered, *My grace is sufficient for*
*2 Cor. 12.9.*
thee. Then I said, but Lord, what is
believing? And then I saw from that
saying, [*He that cometh to me shall*
*John 6. 35.*
*never hunger, and he that believeth on*

me

The Pilgrimage of Agnes.

251

was not for himself, but for him that will accept it for his Salvation, and be thankful. And now was my heart full of joy, mine eyes full of tears, and mine affections running over with love, to the Name, People, and Ways of Jesus Christ.

Chr. This was a Revelation of Christ to your soul indeed: But tell me particularly, what effect this had upon your spirit.

Hope. It made me see that all the World, notwithstanding all the righteousneses thereof, is in a state of condemnation. It made me see that God the Father, though he be just, can justly justify the cominginner: It made me greatly ashamed of the vilenesses of my former life, and confounded me with the sense of mine own ignorance; for there never came thought into my heart before now, that shewed me so the beauty of Jesus Christ. It made me love a holy life, and long to do something for the Honour and Glo- ry of the Name of the Lord Jesus. Yea, I thought, that had I now a thousand gallons of blood in my body, I could spill it all for the sake of the Lord Jesus. I saw

252

The Pilgrims Progress.

I saw then in my Dream, that
*Hopeful* looked back and saw *Ignorance*, whom they had left behind,
coming after. *Look* said he, to *Christian*, how far yonder younger loitereth
behind.

Chr. Ay, ay, I see him he careth
not for our company.

Hope. But I tro, it would not have
hurt him, had he kept pace with us
hitherto.

Chr. That's true, but I warrant
you he thinketh otherwife.

Hope. That I think he doth, but
however let us tarry for him. So they
did.

Then *Christian* said to him, *Come away man, why do you stay so behind?*

Ign. I take my pleasure in walking alone, even more a great deal than in company, unless I like it the better.

Then said *Christian* to *Hopeful*,
(but softly) did I not tell you he ca-
red not for our company: But however
said he, come up and let us talk away
the time in this solitary place. Then
directing his Speech to *Ignorance*, he
said, Come, how do you? how stands
it between God and your Soul now?

Ignor.

Young Ignorance comes up again.

Their Talk.

The Pilgrims Progress.

253

* Ignorances
hope, and the
ground of it.
Prov.28.29.

Ignor. * I hope well, for I am al-
waies full of good motions, that
come into my mind to comfort me
as I walk.

Chr. What good motions? pray tell us.

Ignor. Why, I think of God and
Heaven.

Chr. So do the Devils and damned
Souls.

Ignor. But I think of them, and
desire them.

Chr. So do many that are never
like to come there: The Soul of the
Sluggard desires, and hath nothing.

Ignor. But I think of them, and
leave all for them.

Chr. That I doubt, for leaving of
all is an hard matter; yea a harder
matter than many are aware of. But
why, or by what, art thou perswaded
that thou haft left all for God and
Heaven.

Ignor. My heart tells me so.

Chr. The wife man says, He that
trusts his own heart is a fool.
Prov.28.29

Ignor. That is spoken of an evil
heart, but mine is a good one.

Chr. But how doft thou prove that?

Ignor. It comforts me in hopes
of Heaven. M Chr.

254

The Pilgrims Progress.

Chr. That may be, through its de-
ceitfulness; for a man's heart may mi-
nister comfort to him in the hopes of
that thing, for which he yet has no
ground to hope.

Ignor. But my heart and life a-
gree together, and therefore my
hope is well grounded.

Chr. Who told thee that thy heart
and life agree together?

Ignor. My heart tells me so.

Chr. Ask my fellow if I be a Thief:
Thy heart tells thee so; Except the
word of God beareth witness in this
matter, other testimony is of no value.

Ignor. But is it not a good heart
that has good thoughts? And is not
that a good life, that is according to
Gods Commandments?

Chr. Yes, that is a good heart that
hath good thoughts, and that is a good
life that is according to Gods Com-
mandments: But it is one thing indeed
to have these, and another thing, only,
to think so.

Ignor. Pray, what count you
good thoughts, and a life according
to Gods Commandments?

Chr. There are good thoughts of
divine kinds some responding ourselves,
some

The Pilgrims Progress.

255

some God, some Christ, and some other things.

Ignor. What be good thoughts respecting our selves.

Chr. Such as agree with the Word of God. What are good thoughts?

Ignor. When does our thoughts of our selves, agree with the Word of God?

Chr. When we pass the same judgment upon our selves, which the Word passeth: To explain myself, The Word of God faith of persons in a natural condition. There is none righteous, there is none that doth good. It saith also, That every imagination of the heart of man is only evil, and that continually. And again, The imagination of man's heart is evil from his Youth. Now then, when we think thus of our selves, having sense thereof, then are our thoughts good ones, because according to the Word of God.

Rom. 3.

Gen. 6. 8.

Ignor. I will never believe that my heart is thus bad.

Chr. Therefore thou never hadst one good thought concerning thy self in thy life. But let me go on: As the Word passeth a judgment upon our HEART, so it passeth a judgment upon

M 2

upon

256

The Pilgrims Precepts.

upon our WAYS; & when our thoughts
of our HEARTS and WAYS agree
with the judgment which the Word
giveth of both, then are both good, be-
cause agreeing thereto.

Ignor. Make out your meaning.

Chr. Why, the Word of God faith,
That man's ways are crooked ways, not
good, but perverse: It faith, they are
naturally out of the good way, that they
have not known it. Now when a man
thus thinketh of his ways, I say when
he doth sensibly, and with heart-humi-
liation thus think, then hath he good
thoughts of his own ways, because his
thoughts now agree with the judgment
of the Word of God.

Ignor. What are good thoughts concerning God?

Chr. Even (as I have said concerning our selves) when our thoughts of God do agree with what the Word faith of him. And that is; when we think of his Being and Attributes as the Word hath taught: Of which I cannot now discourse at large. But to speak of him with reference to us, Then we have right thoughts of God, when we think that he knows us better than we know our selves, and can see sin in us, when, and

Plal. 125.5.

Prov.2.15.

Rom. 3.

The Pilgrims Progress.

257

and where we can see none in our
selves; when he think he knows our in-
most thoughts, and that our heart, with
all its depths, is always open unto his
eyes: Also when we think that all our
righteousness stick in his nostrils, and
that therefore he cannot abide to see us
stand before him in any confidence, even
of all our best performances.

Ignor. Do you think that I am
such a fool, as to think God can see
no further than I? or that I would
come to God in the best of my per-
formances?

Chr. Why, how dost thou think in
this matter?

Ignor. Why, to be short, I think I
must believe in Christ for justifica-
tion.

Chr. How! think thou must believe
in Christ, when thou seest not thy need
of him! Thou neither seest thy orig-
nal, nor actual infirmities, but hast
such an opinion of thy self, and of what
thou doest, as plainly renders thee to
be one that did never see a necessity of
Christ's personal righteousness to justi-
fie thee before God. How then dost
thou say, I believe in Christ?

Ignor. I believe well enough for
all that, M. 3. Chr.

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259

of his, is, not an act of grace, by which he maketh for justification, thy obedience accepted of God, but his personal obedience to the Law in doing and suffering for us, what that required at our hands.) This righteousness, I say, true Faith accepteth, under the skirt of which, the soul being shrouded, and by it presented as spotless before God, it is accepted and acquit from condemnation.

Ignor. What! would you have us trust to what Christ in his own person has done without us? This conceit would loosen the reins of our lust, and tollerate us to live as we lift. For what matter how we live if we may be justified by Christs personal righteousness from all, when we believe it?

Chr. Ignorance is thy name, and as thy name is, so art thou; even this thy answer demonstrateth what I say. Ignorant thou art of what justifying righteousness is, and, as Ignorant how to secure thy Soul through the Faith of it from the heavy wrath of God. Yea, thou also art Ignorant of the true effects of saving Faith in this righteousness of Christ, which is to how and

M 4

win

262

The Pilgrims Progress.

Chr. Well, come my good Hope-
ful, I perceive that thou and I must
walk by our Selves again.

So I saw in my Dream, that they
went on apace before, and Ignorance
he came hobling after. Then said
Christian to his Companion, It pitties
me much for this poor man, it will cer-
tainly go ill with him at last.

*Hope.* Alas, there are abundance
in our Town in his condition; whole
Families, yea, whole Streets. ( and
that of Pilgrims too ; ) and if there
be so many in our parts, how many
think you must there be in the
place where he was born ?

Chr. Indeed the Word Faith, He
hath blinded their eyes, left they
should see, &c. But now we are by
our Selves, what do you think of such
men ? Have they at no time, think
you, convictions of sin, and so conse-
quently, fears that their state is dan-
gerous ?

*Hope.* Nay, do you answer that
question your self, for you are the
elder man.

Chr. Then, I say, sometimes (as I think) they may, but they being naturally ignorant, understand not that such

The Pilgrims Progress.

such convictions tend to their good;
and therefore they do desperately
seek to stifle them, and presumptu-
ously continue to flatter themselves in
the way of their own hearts.

Hope. I do believe, as you say, that fear tends much to mens good, and to make them right, at their beginning to go on Pilgrimage.

The good use of fear.

Chr. Without all doubt it doth, if it be right; for so says the Word, The fear of the Lord is the beginning of ch. 9, 10. Wisdom.

Job 28. 29.

Psal. 111. 10.

Prov. 17.

Hope. How will you describe
right fear?

Chr. True, or right fear is described by three things. ...

1. By its rise. It is caused by fa-
ving convictions for sin.

2. It driveth the soul to lay fast
hold of Christ for salvation.

3. It begetteth and continueth in the soul a great reverence of God, his word, and ways, keeping it tender, and making it afraid to turn from them, to the right hand, or to the left, to any thing that may dishonour God, break its peace, grieve the Spirit, or cause the enemy to speak reproachfully.

Hope.

The Pilgrims Progress.

265

fident. 4. They see that those fears tend to take away from them their pitiful old self-holines, and therefore they relift them with all their might.

*Hope.* I know something of this my self; for before I knew my self it was so with me.

Chr. Well, we will leave at this time our Neighbor Ignorance by him-self, and fall upon another profitable question.

*Hope.* With all my heart but you shall still begin.

Talk about one Temporary.

Chr. Well then, Did you not know about ten years ago; one Temporary in your parts, who was a forward man in Religion then?

*Hope.* Know him! Yes, he dwelt in Gracelefs, a Town about two miles off of Honesty, and he dwelt next door to one Turn-back.

Where he dwelt.

Chr. Right, he dwelt under the same roof with him. Well, that man was much awakened once; *I believe that then he had some fight of his fins, and of the wages that was due thereto.*

* He was to-wardly once.

*Hope.* I am of your mind, for(my house not being above three miles from him) he would oft-times come to

The Pilgrims Progress.

267

may say a dog has a mind) but because it troubleth his stomach; but now when his sickness is over, and so his stomach eased, his desires being not at all alienate from his vomit, he turns him about, and licks up all. And so it is true which is written, *The Dog is turned to his own vomit again*. Thus, I say, being hot for Heaven, by vertue only of the sense and fear of the torments of Hell, as their sense of Hell, and the fears of damnation chills and cools, so their desires for Heaven and Salvation cooll also. So then it comes to pafs, that when their guilt and fear is gone, their desires for Heaven and Happineſs die; and they rerurn to their course again,

2 Pet. 2:22

2. Another reason is, They have flavish fears that, do over master them. I speak now of the fears that they have of men: For the fear of men bringeth a snare. So then, though they seem to be hot for Heaven, so long as the flames of Hell are about their ears, yet when that terror is a little over, they betake themselves to second thoughts; namely, that it is good to be wife, and not to run

Prov. 29:25

(for

268

The Pilgrims Progress.

( for they know not what ) the hazard of losing all ; or at least, of bringing themselves into unavoidable and unnecessary troubles : and so they fall in with the world again.

3. The shame that attends Religion, lies also as a block in their way; they are proud and haughty, and Religion in their eye is low and contemptible: Therefore when they have lost their sense of Hell, and wrath to come, they return again to their former course.

4. Guilt, and to meditate terror, are grievous to them, they like not to see their misery before they come into it: Though perhaps the fight of it first, if they loved that fight, might make them flie whither the righteous flie and are safe; but because they do, as I hinted before, even then the thoughts of guilt and terror: therefore, when once they are rid of their awakenings about the terrors and wrath of God they harden their hearts gladly, and chuse such ways as will harden them more and more.

Chr. You are pretty near the finesse, for the bottom of all is, for want of

The Pilgrims Progrels.

269

of a change in their mind & will. And
therefore they are but like the Fellon
that standeth before the Judge, he quakes
and trembles, and seems to repent most
heartily; but the bottom of all is, the
fear of the Halter, not that he hath any
detestation of the offences; as is evident,
because, let but this man have his li-
berty, and he will be a Thief, and so
a Rogue still; whereas, if his mind
was changed, he would be otherwife.

Hope. Now I have shewed you
the reasons of their going back, do
you shew me the manner thereof.

Chr. So I will willingly.

1. They draw off their thoughts all that they may from the remembrance of God, Death, and Judgment to come.

2. Then they cast off by degrees private Duties, as Closet-Prayer, curbing their lufts, Watching, forrow for Sin, and the like.

3. Then they shun the company of lively and warm Christians.

4. After that, they grew cold to publick Duty, as Hearing, Reading, Godly Conference, and the like.

5. Then they begin to pick holes, as we say, in the Coats of some of the

How the A-
postate goes
back.

270

The Pilgrims Progress.

the Godly, and that devilishly, that
they may have a feeming colour to
throwReligion (for the sake of some
infirmity they have spied in them)
behind their backs.

6. Then they begin to adhere to,
and associate themselves with car-
nal, loose, and wanton men.

7. Then they give way to carnal,
and wanton discourses in secret; and
glad are they if they can see such
things in any that are counted ho-
nest, that they may the more boldly
do it through their example.

8. After this, they begin to play
with little sins openly.

9. And then being hardened, they
shew themselves as they are. Thus
being lunched again into the gulf of
misery, unless a Miracle of Grace
prevent it, they everlastingly perish
in their own deceivings,

Now I saw in my Dream, that by
this time the Pilgrims were got over
the Inchanted Ground, and entering
into the Country of Benlah, whose
Air was very sweet and pleasant, the
way lying directly through it, they
solaced themselves there for a fea-
son. Yea, here they heard continu-

ally

Hs. 62. 4.
Cant.2.10,
11, 12.

The Pilgrims Progress.

271

ally the singing of Birds, and saw
every day the flowers appear in the
earth: and heard the voice of the
Turtle in the Land. In this Country
the Sun shineth night and day;
wherefore this was beyond the Val-
ley of the shadow of death, and also
out of the reach of Giant Despair:
neither could they from this place
so much as see Doubting Castle. Here
they were within fight of the City
they were going to: also here met
them some of the inhabitants there-
of. For in this Land the shining Ones
commonly walked, because it was
upon the borders of Heaven. In this
Land also the contract between the
Bride and the Bridegroom was re-
newed: Yea here, as the Bridegroom
rejoyceth over the Bride, so did their
God rejoyce over them. Here they had
no want of Corn and Wine; for in
this place they met with abundance
of what they had fought for in all
their Pilgrimages. Here they heard
voices from out of the City, loud
voice, saying, Say ye to the daughter
of Zion, Behold thy salvation cometh;
behold his reward is with him. Here
all the Inhabitants of the Country
called

272

Version 12.

The Pilgrims Progrees.

called them, The holy people, the re-
deemed of the Lord, songht out, &c.

Now as they walked in this Land,
they had more rejoycing than in
parts more remote from the King-
dom, to which they were bound; &
drawing near to the City, they had
yet a more perfect view thereof, it
was builded of Pearls and Precious
Stones, also the Street thereof was
paved with Gold, so that by reafon
of the natural glory of the City, and
the reflection of the Sun-beams up-
on it, Christian, with defire fell sick,
Hopeful also had a fit or two of the
fame Difeafe : Wherefore here they
lay by it a while crying out becaufe
of their pangs, If you see my Beloved
tell him that I am sick of love.

But being a little strengthned, and
better able to bear their sicknesse,
they walked on their way, and came
yet nearer and nearer, where were
Orchards, Vineyards, and Gardens,
and their Gates opened into the
High-way. Now as they came up to
these places, behold the Gardener
stood in the way; to whom the Pil-
grims said, Whose goodly Vineyards
and Gardens are these? He answer-
ed,

Deut. 23:24.

The Pilgrims Progrefls.

273

ed, They are the Kings, and are planted here for his own delights, and also for the solace of Pilgrims, So the Gardener had them into the Vineyards, and bid them refresh themselves with the dainties; he also shewed them there the Kings Walks and the Arbors where he delighted to be: And here they tarried and flept.

Now I beheld in my Dream, that they talked more in their sleep at this time, than ever they did in all their Journey; and being in a mufe thereabout, the Gardener said even to me, Wherefore mused thou at the matter? It is the nature of the fruit of the Grapes of these Vineyards to go down so sweetly, as to cause the lips of them that are asleep to speak.

So I saw that when they awoke, they addreſſed themselves to go up to the City. But, as I ſaid the reſſulations of the Sun upon the City, (for the City was pure Gold) was it extremely glorious, that they could not, as yet, with open face behold it, but through an Instrument made for that purpose. So I saw, that as

Rev. 21:18

1 Cor. 3:18

they

274

The Pilgrims Progrels.

they went on, there met them two
men, in Raiment that shone like
Gold; also their faces shone as the
light.

These men asked the Pilgrims
whence they came? and they told
them. They also asked them, where
they had lodged, what difficulties,
and dangers, what comforts and
pleasures they had met in the way?
and they told them. Then said the
men that met them, You have but
two difficulties more to meet with,
and then you are in the City.

Christian then and his Compani-
on asked the men to go along with
them, so they told them they would;
but, said they, you must obtain it by
your own Faith. So I saw in my
Dream that they went on together
till they came in fight of the Gate.

Now I further saw, that betwixt
them and the Gate was a River,
but there was no Bridge to go over;
the River was very deep: at the
fight therefore of this River, the Pil-
grims were much stun'd, but the
men that went with them, said, You
must go through, or you cannot
come at the Gate.

The

Death.

The Pilgrims Progress.

275

Death is not welcome to nature, though by it we pass out of this world into glory.

1 Cor. 15. 51, 52.

Angels help us not comfortably through Death.

The Pilgrims then began to require if there was no other way to the Gate; to which they answered, Yes; but there hath not any, save two, to wit, Enoch and Elijah, been permitted to tread that path, since the foundation of the world, nor shall untill the last Trumpet shall found. The Pilgrims then, especially Christian, began to respond in his mind, & looked this way and that, but no way could be found by them, by which they might escape the River. Then they asked the men if the Waters were all of a depth? they said no; yet they could not help them in that case; for, said they, You shall find it deeper or shallower, as you believe in the King of the place.

They then addressed themselves to the Water, and entering, Christian began to sink, and crying out to his good friend Hopeful; he said, I sink in deep Waters, the Billows go over my head, all his waves go over me, Selah.

Then said the other, Be of good cheer my Brother, I feel the bottom, and it is good. Then said Christian, Ah my friend, the sorrows of death

Christians conflict at the hour of death.

276

The Pilgrims Progress.

death have compassed me about,
shall not see the Land that flows
with Milk and Honey. And with
that, a great darkneſs and horror
fell upon Christian, so that he could
not see before him; alſo here he in
great meaſure loft his ſenſes, so that
he could neither remember nor or-
derly talk of any of those ſweet re-
ſeſhments that he had met with in
the way of his Pilgrimage. But all
the words that he ſpake, ſtill tended
to diſcover that he had horror of
mind, and hearty fears that he
ſhould die in that River, and never
obtain entrance in at the Gate:
Here alſo, as they that ſtood by per-
ceived, he was much in the troubl-
eſome thoughts of the ſins that he
had committed, both ſince and be-
fore he began to be a Pilgrim. 'Twas
alſo obſerved, that he was troubled
with apparitions of Hopgoblins and
evil Spirits, For ever and anon he
would intimate so much by words.
*Hopeful* therefore here had much
ado to keep his Brothers head above
water, yea ſometimes he would be
quite gone down, and then e're a
while he would riſe up again half
dead.

The Pilgrims Progress.

277

dead *Hopeful* also would endeavour
to comfort him, saying, Brother, I
see the Gate, and men standing by
it to receive us. But *Christian* would
answer, 'Tis you, 'tis you they wait
for, you have been *Hopeful* ever
since I knew you : and so have you,
said he to *Christian*. Ah Brother, said
he, surely if I was right, he would
now arise to help me; but for my
fins he hath brought me into the
snare, and hath left me. Then said
*Hopeful*, My Brother, you have
quite forgot the Text, where it is
said of the wicked, *There is no band*
in their death, but their strength is
firm, they are not troubled as other
men, neither are they plagued like other
men. These troubles and distresses
that you go through in these Wans
ters, are no sign that God hath for-
faken you, but are sent to try you,
whether you will call to mind that
which heretofore you have recei-
ved of his goodness, and live upon
him in your distresses.

Then I saw in my Dream that
*Christian* was in a mufe a while;
to whom also *Hopeful* added this
word, *Be of good cheer, Jesus Christ*

N

maketh

*Christian delivered from his tears in death.*

278

The Pilgrims Progrees.

maketh thee whole: And with that Christian brake out with a loud voice, Oh I see him again! and he tells me, When thou paffest through the waters, I will be with thee, and through the Rivers, they shall not over-flow thee. Then they both took cou-rage, and the enemy was after that as still as a stone, until they were gone over. Christian therefore pre-sently found ground to stand upon; and so it followed that the rest of the River was but shallow. Thus they got over. Now upon the bank of the River, on the other side, they saw the two shining men again, who there waited for them. Where-for being come out of the River, they saluted them, saying, We are miniftring Spirits, sent forth to mini-ster for those that shall be heirs of sal-vation. Thus they went along to-wards the Gate, now you must note that the City stood upon a mighty hill, but the Pilgrims went up that hill with ease, because they had these two men to lead them up by the arms; also they had left their Mortal Garments behind them in the River: for though they went in with

Há. 40.2.

The Angels do wait for them so soon as they are passed out of this world.

They have put off mortality.

The Pilgrims Progress

279

with them, they came out without them. They therefore went up here with much agility and speed though the foundation upon which the City was stamed was higher than the Clouds. They therefore went up through the Regions of the Air, sweetly talking as they went, being comforted, because they safely got over the River, and had such glorious Companions to attend them.

The talk that they had with the shining Ones, was about the glory of the place, who told them, that the beauty and glory of it was inexpressible. There, said they, is the Mount Sion, the heavenly Jerusalem, the innumerable company of Angels, and the Spirits of Just Men made perfect: You are going now, said they, to the Paradice of God, wherein you shall see the Tree of Life, and eat of the never-fading fruits thereof: and when you come there, you shall have white Robes given you, and your walk and talk shall be every day with the King, even all the days of eternity. There you shall not see again, such things as you saw when you were in the

N 3

lower

Heb. 12. 22.

23, 24.

Rev. 2. 7.

Rev. 3. 4.

Rev. 22. 1.

280

The Pilgrims Progress.

Isa. 57. 1, 2.

Iaf. 65. 14.

Gal. 6. 7.

John 3. 2.

lower Region upon the earth, to
wit, forrow, sickneſs, affliction, and
death, for the former things are pas-
ſed away. You are going now to
Abraham, to Isaac, and Jacob, and
to the Prophets; men that God
hath taken away from the evil to
come, and that are now reſting up-
on their Beds, each one walking in
his rightouſneſs. The men then
asked, what muſt we do in the holy
place? To whom it was anſwered,
You muſt there receive the comfort
of all your toil, and have joy for all
your forrow; you muſt reap what
you have ſown, even the fruit of all
your Prayers, and Tears, and ſu-
ferings for the King by the way. In
that place you muſt wear Crowns
of Gold, and enjoy the perpetual
ſight and Vifions of the Holy One,
for there you ſhall see him as he is.
There alſo you ſhall ſerve him con-
tinually with praeſe, with ſhouting
and thanſgiving, whom you deſi-
red to ſerve in the World, though
with much difficulty, becauſe of the
inſirmity of your ſleſh. There your
eyes ſhall be delighted with ſeeing,
and your ears with hearing, the
pleaſant

The Pilgrims Progrels.

281

pleasant voice of the mighty One.
There you shall enjoy your friends
again, that are gone thither before
you; and there you shall with joy
receive, even every one that follows into the Holy place after you.
There also you shall be cloathed
with Glory and Majesty, and put
into an equipage fit to ride out with
the King of Glory. When he shall
come with found of Trumpet in the
Clouds, as upon the wings of the
wind, you shall come with him; and
when he shall fit upon the Throne
of Judgement, you shall fit by him;
yea, and when he shall pass Sentence
upon all the workers of iniquity, let
them be Angels or Men, you also
shall have a voice in that Judgement,
because they were his, and your enemies. Also when he shall again return to the City, you shall go too, with found of Trumpet, and be ever with him.

Now while they were thus drawing
towards the Gate, behold a company
of the Heavenly Host came
out to meet them: To whom it was
said, by the other two shining Ones,
These are the men that have loved

1 Thes. 4:13

14, 15, 16.

Jude 14.

Dan. 7:9, 10.

1 Cor. 6:2,3.

our