SOME DEFINITIONS

**Metamorphism** is the sum of the processes which, working below the shell of weathering, cause the re-crystallization of the original crystalline materials in rocks (with or without chemical reactions) or the crystallization of original amorphous materials in rocks --- the change in each case not being accompanied by general melting of the rock or by general simultaneous solution of its constituents.

**Regional metamorphism** is that kind which is not genetically connected with the eruption of magma and, by its nature, is likely to affect extensive areas.

**Local metamorphism** is metamorphism which is genetically connected with the eruption of magma.

**Dynamic metamorphism** is metamorphism induced in rocks because of their deformation, the crustal movement being of the orogenic type.

**Static metamorphism** is that phase of regional metamorphism which is not induced by orogenic deformation.

**Stato-hydral metamorphism** is low-temperature static metamorphism.

**Stato-thermal metamorphism** is high-temperature static metamorphism.

**Dynamo-hydral metamorphism** is low-temperature dynamic metamorphism.

**Dynamo-thermal metamorphism** is high-temperature metamorphism.

**Dynamo-static metamorphism** is that induced in an undeformed or little deformed rock through the dead-weight stress of a mass overthrust upon that rock.

**Contact metamorphism** comprises all metamorphic changes due to contact with or proximity to any body of eruptive rock, the new crystallizations not being definitely directed by dead-weight stress.

**Load-contact metamorphism** is that due to the concurrent influences of vertical stress, of the earth's general heat, and of injected magma.

With our country at war save time, money, and effort by NOT acknowledging this letter unless you wish further information.
If the Geological Survey has served you it has simply done its duty and will take your appreciation for granted.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
WASHINGTON

OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR

August 23, 1918.

Prof. George Reber Wieland,
Yale University,
New Haven, Conn.

My dear Professor Wieland:

At the Albany meeting of the Geological Society of America I tried to express my conviction that geologists are needed as citizens. In the busy months that pass so rapidly I have neglected to distribute the reprints generously provided by Doctor Clarke, and yet perhaps the theme of Geology and Public Service has not lost its timeliness.

It is more and more evident as the years of war pass that peace will bring its problems, and it is equally plain that we geologists have large responsibilities as citizens in working out the new democracy here in America as the ideal for the freed peoples of Europe to copy.

Dr. G. R. Wieland.

- 2 -

12.12.21.

I am hard at work trying to civilise this world, and obtaining far more general support for that object than for Palaeobotany! I saw Dr. Hollick for just a brief minute in New York in this connection.

I do hope you will join our Society and take an interest in this side of life as well as the fossils.

With every good wish for the New Year and hoping we will shortly meet,

THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS

YALE BRANCH

October 25, 1922.

Dear Sir:

It is a year since the Yale Branch of The Ameri-
can Association of University Professors made a canvass
to increase its membership. During this period many
have joined the Yale Faculty and others have become
eligible for membership in the Society through length
of service as teachers.

The Yale Branch now has 118 members. It should
have at least a hundred more. May I ask you if you
will endeavor to secure as candidates your colleagues
who are eligible according to the new membership regu-
lations? These are stated on the nomination blanks
here with. More blanks may be had upon request.

It is desirable that nominations be received by
the undersigned within ten days, in order that they
may appear in the list of candidates to be published
in the next issue of the Bulletin of the Society.

Osborn Zoological Laboratory,
Yale University.

OYSTER RIVER, CONNECTICUT

Nov. 13, 1922

To The Editor of the New York Herald; Sir,

Secretary of War Weeks' cancellation of the lecture to the West Point cadets of the Hon. Jaim Fertescue is doubtless an official action of scant choice - apparently so accepted by Fertescue himself. But only a few columns of the front page of the Herald, a few years of time, tide and political vicissitudes, separate Fertescue's regrets from these words, "Only Lloyd George, the crafty, quick turning, sometimes lying, never wholly frank politician left, because he called his election when spirits had not fallen."

That this "highly valuable contribution to history" falls beyond the lifetime of the man who wrote it, only adds to its positive sincerity, whatever any final version. Alike in war and peace, sooner or later, every man of aggressive temperament finds it necessary to revise some of his political opinions. Truth may knock at the door, or expediency demand. Inasmuch, however, as Fertescue observed a certain lack of sportsmanship in Americans, there is one question that he might wish to answer. Americans, and some others recall the Heenan - Sayers ring battle as a curious chapter in the development of British conceptions of sportsmanship. There was given a full, carefully prepared, signed account of this whole incident in full, setting in the New York Herald for Sunday, November 20th, 1921. And here the question.

The Encyclopedia Britannica, eleventh and last edition, dated 1911, gives very adequate space to the Heenan - Sayers

2

incident; for it was more than just the first international
ring battle attended by those members of the highest classes in-
cluding the Prime Minister, Lord Palmerston, and became a very celebrated
eccasion, owing exactly to the failure of the English officia-
ting to declare the fight over when Sayers was whipped. But
why does the Britannica to this day fail to state this simple
fact, and why is an account left stand which would lead
the British and uninformed mind to look on Sayers as quite
the superior pugilist, and say that Heenan only "seemed to
have the advantage"? Why is it directly stated that "in spite
of the indecisive outcome", the very fair English officials
adjudged the match a draw? Much more might be said of this
kind of presentation, which first denies to the victor his
rights and then lays the onus of the action on him. Would it
not be well for English sportsmen to see that the publishers
of the Britannica bring the article on Pugilism up to the
standards of historic fairness and accuracy in the next
edition?

AMICUS

From G.R. Wieland,
Oyster River, West Haven, Conn.