CM

Iron. (Transportation of Iron Ore
From steamer to docks - old way)

7965. We are looking northwest across the ship canal known as the "old river bed." That lake steamer over yonder and the nearer vessel at our left have come down from the western end of Lake Superior laden with ore from the biggest and richest iron mines on earth for great steel mills at Youngstown, Pittsburg, or Wheeling. Now their holds are being emptied into freight cars for the overland portion of the journey. Railroad tracks like these run along the side of that farther pier beyond the S. S. Manila.

A few years ago the unloading system which we see in operation directly before us was considered splendidly effective. That suspended bucket has been lowered into the vessel's hold and there filled, then lifted high enough to have a clear swing, drawn over here along that overhead trolley-beam, then lowered again for dumping.

To-day it is better economy to use the up-to-date unloading apparatus which looms grotesquely in the air above that farther pier. There 5 to 10 tons of ore can be lifted in one load, and the work is done much more quickly than with these suspended "pockets."

To watch the working of one of the new "clam" un-

loaders, use Stereographs 7963 and 7970. To see what becomes of this iron after it reaches Pittsburg, use Stereographs 5520 (melting in a blast furnace); 5521 (converters where iron is transformed into steel); 5523 (drawing out a 90 foot beam of red-hot steel). For the actual mining of the ore up in Minnesota, use 7954 (open-pit) and 7947 (underground).

From Notes of Travel No. 37, copyright, by Underwood & Underwood.

Unloading iron ore (old method in foreground, new in distance), Cleveland, O.

Débarquant le minérai de fer (ancienne méthode en avant, nouvelle méthode en arrière), Cleveland, O.

Das Ausladen von Eisenerz (alles Verfahren im Bordergrund, neues im Hintergrund), Cleveland, O.

Descargando el mineral de hierro (el antiguo método al primer plano y el nuevo á lo lejos), Cleveland, O.

Aflossande järnmalm — (gammal metod i förgrunden, ny i bakgrunden), Cleveland, O.

Выгрузка желѣзной руды (старый методъ на переднемъ планѣ), Клевеландъ, О.

ETHICAL CULTURE SCHOOL

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