NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 16

Nov. 4th. 1889.

John Kewaygoshik,

Petosky, Mich.

My dear friend;

Mr. Standing has shown me your letter to him giving your father's condition and saying you wish to return to Carlisle, and that you already have four good girls and others can be had. I would fix the number for you to bring in at twelve and will arrange the transportation whenever you inform me the party is ready to start.

I sincerely hope your father will improve and thus you be relieved of this anxiety and care. I shall be glad to have you return and remain with us as long as you can find it to your advantage to do so.

I would be glad to have you go to Charlevoix and make inquiries in regard to two boys, Lazarus Willis and Jackson Walker, who ran away from here on Oct. 31st. Neither had expressed any discontent to any of us and their conduct is very unaccountable. Of course they only hurt themselves, but for the sake of the discipline of the school, they should be brought back even if they reach home. If you can find out whether they are at home, and can compass bringing them with your party, I will provide transportation for them.

9

Nov. 4th. 1889.

Rev. John Jacobs,
Northport, Mich.

My dear friend;

We obtained such a preponderance of boys in the Michigan party, that I am unwilling to accept any more boys from that quarter. I would be perfectly willing to take as many as twelve good girls. John Kewaygeshik is now at Petosky, expecting to return to Carlisle by the middle of the month. He says he has four good girls and can get more. If there are any real good girls above 12 and under 18 years of age, in your neighborhood, who wish to come, you had better correspond with him. Mr. Standing says he could come by way of Northport. I will arrange transportation for as many as 12 and of these you can furnish part if you wish.

Your son has been quite a model of good behavior
since my last report to you.

VOL. 16

Nov. 5th. 1889.

Mr. Wm. E. Curtis,

Secty. International Conference,
Pittsburgh, Penna.

Dear Sir;

When in Washington last week I suggested to the Hon.Secty. of the Interior the advisability of having the members of the Conference visit this Government School, inas-much as quite a number of the countries represented have also an Indian problem. Mr. Noble warmly approved and hoped I would be able to manage it with the Hon. Secretary of State, to whom he gave me a letter of introduction. My time was so limited I left Washington without being able to see Mr. Blaine personally, but I wrote to him. I now have a reply advising me to communicate with you and inclosing an itinerary of your movements. From this I note that on Wednesday, the 13th. inst. you arrive at Harrisburg at 2.10 P.M., and Washington at 6.15 P.M.

The run from Harrisburg to Carlisle is thirty minutes and there is a siding of the Cumbd. Valley R.R. on our school grounds. I can arrange your immediate and special transfer from Harrisburg to Carlisle and return to Harrisburg. If you could give us no more than one hour, I am sure your party would be fully repaid for the addition to your itinerary.

VOL. 16

13

Nov. 5th. 1889.

R.F.Bennett,
Richboro, Pa.

My dear Mr. Bennett.

Things have mended somewhat and I am unable
to make you an offer as yet. I have you in mind, and should
not something better turn up for you when the time comes,
think I can give you a chance.

Very truly your友,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

14

Nov. 5th. 1889.

J.N. Southgate,
407 Wayne St.
Saginaw, Mich.

My dear Sirs:

For your own good you should stop clinging to
Indians and cling to whites. You would have no difficulty in
getting into a good white school and working your way through
as many of my Indian pupils are now doing. Select your school
in a good locality and find a place where you can cover your
board, washing and necessary expenses by your labor out of
school hours. By this means you will get the best education
and assert your manhood, which is of the greatest importance
to you. A good part of my education I got in this way, and I
make it my business to encourage Indian boys to do the same.
Nearly 200 of them, Apaches, Cheyennes, Arapahoes, &c., are working
out their salvation on this line and they are the ones who will
amount to something when they have attained their education.
Take my advice and adopt this course and you will never regret
it.

VOL. 16

15

Nov. 5th. 1889:

Frank Dorian,

White Cloud, Kansas.

Dear Frank:

I am much obliged to you for the full letter in
regard to yourself and other boys and girls who have returned
to Iowa; I am very sorry to hear what you have to say of some
of them, and am pleased with what you say about yourself and
some of the others.

In regard to your taking a higher course, I would
have no objection to your returning here for that purpose, but
you should come at once. The Comm. is anxious we hold on to
our students until they complete a high school grade, and we
are planning to do that. Some who graduated last year are attend-
ing school in town. We shall before long be equipped to take
care of higher students in this school. I would not know where
to advise you to go other than here or to Haskell, but as you
are one of our students, it would be better for you to come here.

Very truly yours,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

17

Nov. 8th.1889.

Aaron Allen,

Vandecar,

Mich.

My dear friend;

Replying to your letter in regard to Julia
and Sarah I have to say that Julia is well spoken of by her
teachers and in the Industrial departments also. Sarah is
more uncertain. Her conduct up to this time has not been
satisfactory. She is studious in school and has been making
satisfactory progress, but she is not trustworthy. I trust
time will overcome this. Aside from the regular school room
work they are under training in the cooking, sewing, and laun-
dry departments.

VOL. 16

18

Nov. 8th, 1889!

Mrs.H.C.Bleecker,

Whippany,

N.J.

Dear Madam;

Your best means of getting Mrs. Miller down from
Alaska can be provided by the Rev. Dr. Sheldon Jackson, Govt.
Educational Agent, who is now in Alaska. A letter addressed to
him at Sitka would reach. I think he is coming down some time
this fall or winter. He has his wife and daughter with him and
could bring Nellie along. If she is presented here without
cost of transportation to us, we will do all we can for her. We
have a Normal training department in which we are training a
number of our pupils for teachers, and I have little doubt I
could do as well for her as any other school, at least for the
present. After being here and advancing as far as we could take
her, if you desired to place her in higher schools, you would
have the matter in your own hands. On your recommendation of
her worth she would be accepted here without further cost to
your Society.

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

19

Nov. 8th. 1889.

Jacob Shawbush,
Vandecar, P.O.

Mich.

My dear Sir;

I inclose to you the report of my school physical
in regard to the death of your son James. Twenty four hours
after writing my former letter the disease, pneumonia, became
well developed in both lungs, and he had not strength to with-
stand the severity of the attack. He had the best of nursing
and care day and night. I saw him frequently and that every-
thing was done for him that kindness and skill could do. I
am greatly pained to write you this. Had it been possible to
have sent him to you I should have done so, but after the disease
was developed it was impracticable to remove him from the room
where he was ill.

Rev. Dr. Evans, pastor of the Methodist church
in Carlisle, will write you about him, and will conduct the
funeral services this afternoon at four o'clock.

With deep sympathy,

I am your friend,

VOL. 16

20

Nov. 8 th 1889.

Edward Dutton,
Yarmouth, Mich.

Dear Sir;

Replying to yours in regard to John Hart, I have
to respectfully inform you that students who come to this sch
are expected to remain for the period for which they came,
unless some very important reason should arise in connection
with themselves. The sickness of parents at home has not been
regarded as sufficient, because if such were allowed, there
would be no possibility of keeping children under school prese
-sure.

I am sorry to hear of his father's sickness and
trust he is better by this time. The lad is well and doing wel
and had better remain here.

VOL. 16

21

Nov. 8th, 1889.

Rev. Chas. Little,
Wabash, Ind.

My dear Sir;

Our changes here are made at the close and commencement of the fiscal year, 30th. of June and 1st. of July. If Miss Roberts herself will write to me in March or April I shall be glad to hear from her in view of any changes which might take place at the end of the year. If a vacancy should occur I should be glad to have it come here. As we have thirteen teachers we do have changes nearly every year.

As to Mr. and Mrs. Ples, the case is more doubtful. I have regular help in the lines they desire, and there is less likelihood of a vacancy. However, if they will write me about the same time, stating their desire, I can inform them as to the chances.

VOL. 16

BLURRED ORIGINAL

VOL. 16

22

Nov. 8th. 1889.

Mrs. Frances Blatchford,
Odanah,
Wis.

My dear friend;

I can now say to you that if you desire to cover the expenses
of your two lads, they will be sent home. The fare through will
be $28. or 29. each, but the smaller boy can travel on half
rate, and I should say $45. will cover their fares and incident-
tal expenses en-route.

In sending them home I do so with the expecta-
tion they will not return to CarlsIE. I return them to you
and there let my responsibility and interest end. I do this
without recalling the views I expressed in my former letter.

27

Nov. 9th. 1889.

Frank L. Lock,

Rosebud Agency, Dak.

My dear Frank;

The change of your Agency to White River, which you say the Indians are anxious to make, is a matter not at all within my duties or influence. As a personal view, I could only say that I question whether it would be a wise move if or you to make, for the reason that, as soon as the country North of White River is thrown open, your Agency would be on the border next the whites, and the whites who go in first will doubt less be mostly a hard lot. The wisdom of bringing your poor ignorant people into much contact with them is questionable. I have no hope the Govt. would establish shops there and push matters more than they do at Rosebud. It would take several years to get up the buildings and into as good running order as now.

While I am anxious to see every Carlisle student at work, and do all I can to forward their securing work at home, I do not see that your proposition offers anything more than we had before. It even offers less, because until the shops are established on White River you would have nothing to go, whereas now you have something. I wish all the boys who have trades, instead of hanging around the Agency, would go

VOL. 16

29

Telgm.

Mary Micksawby,

Charlevoix, Mich.

Nov 11th. 1889.

Your son is well. Began school again today.

Capt. Pratt.

Telgm.

Nov. 11th. 1889.

R.A.Parke,

Pasgr. Agent, Penna.R.R.

Washington, D.C.

Please send transportation
Washington to Carlisle and return to Washington to Mr.Belt,
Asst. Comnr. and Mr. Blackburn, Chief of Educational Division,
Indian Office, and I will pay.

R.H.Pratt,

Capt.

VOL. 16

VOL. 16

32

Nov 1 15th.1889.

Dr.J. M. Woodburn,
Agency Physician,
Rosebud Agency, Dak.

Dear Sir:-

In regard to the young man about whom you write
in years of the 8th., I have to inform you that his advantages
heretofore all indicate that it would be better for him to go
out into any part of the country and enter a school among the
whites. The fact that he has had considerable experience of
this kind opens the way for its continuance. I am crowded with
boys, and besides, I very much doubt whether he is within the
range of our grades.

Yellow Robe told me the difficulties he experienced
in his attempts to make up a party for Carlisle. It is all
right. I frequently make use of the old adage, "it is a long
lane which has no turn". That lane has turned since Yellow Robe
left.

Very truly yours,

Nov. 15th. 1889.

J.A.Patterson & Co.
Muscogee, Ind. Terry.
Gentn.

I have requested that a ticket be placed to your order
for Samuel Sixkiller and doubtless it will be there in two
or three days after you receive this. Please me when the young
man starts.

VOL. 16

39

November 19, 1889.

Hon. Redfield Proctor,
Secretary of War,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear Sir:

I shall be glad to make the trip to Mt. Vernon with you at any time you elect. I write at once in answer, because you say you believe my view was in favor of Hampton for these Apaches. I have been steadily opposed to their being brought so far North, and my letter to you in regard to them states this. I should be quite in favor of a location South of North Carolina. My agent informs me the mortality has been rather on the increase among them; the principal disease being consumption. With their utter disregard of all the principles of health, if they are transferred to any point subject to rigorous weather at any season of the year, this disease will carry them off rapidly.

You are certainly right beyond a peradventure about changing them from Mt. Vernon before Spring.

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

42

Nov. 19th, 1889.

Mrs. M. Kilbon,

Mayville,

New York.

My dear friend:-

I take most kindly and affectionately your great interest in our welfare, and your aid and encouragement to our little paper.

I find on inquiry in Washington that the Mission Indians in California are now receiving, and will receive more attention than heretofore. There is a project to erect a large Industrial School building in that neighborhood for their use. Judge Tourgee's interest would have great influence. You might see your way to get him to write to the Hon. Commr. of Indian Affairs about the matter. Having taken up the cause it needs simply to be pushed. Those occupying public places as the Commr. and the Secretary of the Interior, have their attention constantly drawn to a multitude of subjects, and it requires the constant effort and push of others to keep them even so important a matter as that of the Mission Indians.

I shall be glad to read Judge Tourgee's article you mention, but I always dislike a serial story in any form. I much prefer to wait until it is complete and then go through with it.

VOL. 16

43

Kilbon

2

Our school is exceptionally prosperous this year.
We have 670 students with more to come. We have rearranged
and graded closely and are doing far better work in the school
rooms than ever before, and our outing system is on a better
footing. No good reason exists why Indians should not be in-
corporated into the mass of our population.

With sympathy for you in your illness,

I am

Faithfully your friend,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

44

Nov. 19th. 1889.

Miss E.R.Sanno,
1930 Penna. Ave.

Washington, D.C.

Dear Madam:-

Referring to your letter of Sept. 12th., in relation
to lot I rent from you, I desire to repeat what I said to you
verbally; that it does not suit me to rent the lot. I am not
able to get as much off it as the rent amounts to, and shall
not be able to, unless I do a great deal of work on it. This
I am unwilling to do as a mere renter, and therefore, if the
heirs are not willing to sell, it will be better for you to
take the lots into your own control.

VOL. 16

48

Nov. 20th. 1889.

D. White,

Pine Ridge, Dak.

My dear Sirs:-

I have your letter in regard to your son Phillip.
He came back only a little over one year ago for a second term.
It is not practicable to pay railroad fares for so many changes,
nor is it best for Phillips. While I realize your great desire
to see him, and know it would be a great pleasure for you to do
so, I must say that his future good ought to be a matter of
much greater importance than your desires. Phillips must meet
and act with civilized men in his lifetime and he must be
prepared for this by plenty of training when he is young. I
trust you will see this and not urge the matter of his return
which would be practically useless for you to do.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 16

No v. 23rd. 1889.

Mrs. Mary E. Moore,
1860 Park Ave.
Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Madam:-

The last account we have of Florence Red Eye is that she was working for Amos Chapman and his wife. Mr. Chapman has a ranch not far from Cantonment, Ind. Terry. If you address her in care of Amos Chapman, Cantonment, Ind. Terry, she will receive it.

It is quite likely your packages through the mail went astray. I know from long experience on the frontier, that mail matters are badly looked after. If packages for Army Officers are stolen from the mails, much more will be those sent to poor Indian girls.

Florence did not do well at first on her return, but lately I have more favorable news.

VOL. 16

57

Nov. 23rd. 1889.

Miss Millie McIntosh,
Pine Bluff School, Muscogee,
Ind. Terry.

Dear Millie:-

If you wish I can arrange tickets for you and
your friend at a much lower rate by way of Memphis and Chat-
tanooga, Tenn., and may save you ten dollars at least.

I wrote you day before yesterday that if you and
your young lady friend came here at your own cost for trans-
portation, I would take you into the school. You gave simply
Pine Bluff as your Post Office address!! I find there is no
such Office in the Indian Territory. You should be careful
to give us directions where to write to you.

VOL. 16

60

Nov. 25th. 1889.

Henry T. Townsend, Esq.

Pres.Cambria Iron Co.

218 S. 4th. St.

Philadelphia, Penna.

Dear Sirs:-

I have in my employ a Mrs. Worthington, who has been with me ten years and all that time has had charge of my sewing room, where we work sixty to seventy girls daily and do all the sewing for the school. She has a daughter, an only child, who has developed a good deal of ability as an artist and to whom she is anxious to give the best art opportunities. The young lady is now a student in the Art school on Broad Street.

Mrs. Worthington is very anxious to get employment in or near Philadelphia, where she can be near her daughter during the time she is attending the school. Thinking it possible you might want such a person, well equipped and experienced, in your new Williamson school, I write to you on her behalf. Should you need such help at this time, I can give Mrs. Worthington very high recommendations for the place.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 16

66

Nov. 27th. 1889.

Prof.O.T.Mason,
U.S.National Museum,
Washington, D.C.

Dear Sirs:-

Your letter of the 23rd. Inst., in reference to Max Spotted Tail is received and in reply I have to respectfully inform you, that while he was known at the school by this name, his Indian name was Mato-op-wak-la-ka, which means Talks with Bears. He was a son of the noted Sioux chief Spotted Tail. Max first came to the school October 6th. 1879, when fourteen years old. His father took him home June 23rd. 1880. He returned to school November 14th. 1883 and remained until July 14th. 1885, when he was sent home in the last stages of consumption. The disease made its appearance only a few weeks before and developed with great rapidity, causing his death a short time after he reached his Agency. Max was dignified and haughty in his bearing, learned rapidly, and was a bright student. He was with us a little over two years in all.

I may add that nearly all of Spotted Tail's numerous family of children have died of the same disease.

VOL. 16

72

Nov. 29th. 1889.

Major William H. Powell,
22nd. Infantry U.S.A.
Fort Abraham Lincoln, N. Dak.

Dear Major:-

We do not use any Indian vernacular books what-
ever. We begin at once to teach English, and although teachers
and pupils may not understand each other at the beginning, but
very little time elapses before the pupils understand sufficient
English to get on very well.

The only vernacular books or system, I know of, is in
use, or was in use, at Santee Normal Training School by Rev.
A.L.Riggs. Some years ago Dr. Riggs' father revised a Dakota
dictionary, which was to be republished by the Smithsonian
Institute. Whether that was done or not I do not know. Having
always regarded vernacular books as injurious, I never used them.

If you write to the Secretary of the Smithsonian he
will give you information about the dictionary, and Dr. Riggs
can inform you about vernacular school books. I should hope
however, that you would find it advisable to use strictly
English books.

Very truly yours,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

Nov. 29th.1889.

Porter & Coates,
Philadelphia,
Penna.

Gentn:-

I am exceedingly sorry if I disappoint you by not
using the school books published by you. I would say that the
books we have in use are selected by those who have charge of
school room work. I have several times said to them that if
Porter & Coates published anything we could use I should be
glad to do so. They make the selections by general comparison.
I do not think they are at all prejudiced in the matter. It
has not seemed to them that your publications were as suitable
as some others. That, I think, is the only reason.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 16

Dec. 1st. 1889.

To the

Adjutant General, U.S.A.

Washington, D.C.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of this school under the provisions of the Act of Congress, approved -ed June 27, per S.O. No. 194, Hdqrs. of the Army, A.G.O. Aug. 23, and letter of Instructions from the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, dated Sept. 6th.--all 1879.

My address for the next month is as above.

VOL. 16

Feb. 2nd. 1868.

Benjamin F. Coppock,

Supt., Chillicothe Ind. Training School,
Arkansas City, Kans.

My dear Coppock,

Glad to know you find things so delightful
and that the difficulties are melting away.

You do need a good tailor; not an Indian nor half way
man. I should say your chances for getting a good one would
be better in Kansas than here. Good ones are generally pretty
well established and not willing to give up present certainty
for an uncertain future. I suggest you advertise in the Arkansas
and Missouri papers, stating just what you want and what no other need
apply.

We have our eyes on you and will be satisfied with
results, not only the most conspicuously excellent results.

Yours faithfully,

R. H. Sbradt
Assistant Supt.

VOL. 16

78

Dec. 2nd. 1889.

Frank B. Lewis,
Special Ind. Agent,
Santa Fe, N.M.

Dear Sir,

While I am exceedingly sorry not to have the old students, it is well they do, perhaps, the next best thing, --go to Albuquerque.

I am greatly rejoiced over the arrest and punishment of the Governor of Acema. I cannot help wishing that the influences that have manipulated him might be placed in the same fix.

The nine Acomas here are anxious to remain, and there will be no trouble about continuing them until graduation unless their is contrary pressure from home. If they stay that long they will have some power of resistance themselves.

I congratulate you on securing 42 pupils for Albuquerque school.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 16

95

Dec. 6th. 1889.

Hon. Thomas J. Morgan,

Comdr. of Indian Affairs,

Washington, D.C.

My dear Genl.

Replying to yours of yesterday in regard to
statement made by a public Official, that while on a visit to
Cheyenne & Arapahoe Agency he learned that two students
formerly of Carlisle or Hampton were living in polygamy, and
that others, who were unwilling to work, had returned to school
in order to be supported by the Government in idleness, I have
to respectfully inform you, that I have had information during
the past year that Robert Burns, a Cheyenne, who came here Sept.
6. 1880, and left June 21. 1881, and afterwards spent five years
at Wabash College, Ind. graduating therefrom, soon after he went
home married one of our returned girls, and after living with
her a while gave her up and took another girl, with whom he has
been living since; in both instances being governed by the laws
prevailing at the Agency. Also that Jessa Bent, a Cheyenne, who
came here Feb. 3. 1881, and returned home June 17, 1884, had at
different times two or three wives, but is now, and has for some
time been legally married and living with one wife. Since his
return Jessa has been almost continuously issue clerk for the
Agent. Tom Carlisle, a Cheyenne, was here from Oct. 27, 79, to
July 1st. 1882. He married Ella Hippi, one of our girls who came

VOL. 16

96

Commr.

2

here and returned to the Agency at the same time as Carlisle.
The father got to using his girls to make money at the Fort.
Ella was found with the others and Tom quit her and married a
again. He did well at times, and badly at other times. He came
back to Carlisle in Oct. last. If he did it to escape work and
get supported by the Government in idleness, he may de a mistake
for I sent him at once to the country, where he is doing well,
earning $8.00 a month. A few days ago I had a letter from his
farm employer saying that he had improved and his wages would
be raised to $10.00. With Tom came three others, aged from 23
to 27, who had been at other schools, Haskell or White's Insti-
tute. They may, like Tom, have come here to escape work and
burden the Govt. with their support, but I sent them all to
farms, where they earn their own living and, so far, have done
well. Paul Boynton, Arapahoe, returned home last July. I am
told he has a wife of his own tribe and one from the Cheyennes
Just what his status now is I do not know.

In regard to Jessa Bent, his grandfather, a white man
who traded with the Cheyennes many years ago, was notoriously
polygamous. His father and uncle were also notoriously so.
The grandfather was an educated man, but whether educated in
the same school as the Official who brings this complaint or
not, I do not know. Both the Bent boys were well educated by
the Catholics in St. Louis. We have had three, quarter breed
Bents in this school, the children of one father and none of

VOL. 16

97

Commr.

3

them full brothers and sisters. The mothers of all of them are,
as far as I know, all living. In regard to Paul Boynton, I inclose
two letters from him; one written just before he left Carlisle,
the other some time after he arrived at home. By the latter you
will see something of the pull down influence of the old men
of the tribes on returned pupils.

Brigham Young was an educated white man and the high-
est representative of polygamy in the country, Indians not
excepted. It would be quite as reasonable to make an argument
against schools, using Brigham Young as an example, as it is to
use the cases referred to.

The above named semblances of polygamy are all I
have heard of, but there may be others. We have sent back to
the Cheyenne & Arapahoe Agency 136 pupils, who had been here
for longer or shorter periods. A considerable proportion of
these came back to us, or went to Haskell or other schools.
In 1887 I sent my Mr. Standing to that Agency and had careful
inquiries made as to the status of our returned students. By
far the largest part were doing as well, or even better, than
we could hope for under the influence of their low surround-
ings. I have never thought that a few weak and imperfectly
educated boys and girls could, with any material success, stem
the current of tribal influence on the reservations. The wonde
is not that a few fail, but that so many are even partially

VOL. 16

107

Dec. 10th. 1889.

Gen. Thos. J. Morgan,
Comdr. of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

Dear General:-

I inclose to you a let ter written by my Miss
Hamilton in reference to younger pupils at Haskell. I share
with her to some extent an anxiety about this contemplated
change. Our great trouble is going to be in securing advanced
pupils. We have directly opposed to us the church and con-
tract schools everywhere, and my experience has been that
missionaries and people who manage these schools will not only
work into each others hands continually, but will endeavor to
entice pupils from Government schools, so that the higher
schools you contemplate will be brought into line very slowly.

Having the younger children already in possession it
seems to me far better we should hold on to them and let them
grow up in our schools, but take no more of these younger ones.
I am not entirely sure but that you, yourself, expressed this
intention at one time.

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

108

Dec.10th.1889.

Miss Hertze,

Head Nurse Penna .Hospital,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Madam:-

By direction of Mr. Wistar Morris I forward
application of Phebe Howell to become a pupil under you. Also
my school physician's certificate as to her physical condition
and the endorsement of my school nurse. With both of these I
fully and heartily concur.

Phebe has been an exceptionally good girl under our
care for over six years. She has given the best of satisfac-
tion in our own Hospital, and you will find her a conscientious
and industrious pupil.

In this connection I am pleased to say, as an encour-
agement to favor her application, that two of our girls, no
more advanced nor better qualified when they began than Phebe,
are giving good satisfaction in the school for nurses in Hart-
ford under Mrs. Tutton.

Phebe can respond at once to an appointment, in the
mean time continuing in our Hospital and under our school
training. Trusting you may be able to favor her and us at an
early day, I am

VOL. 16

109

Dec. 10, 1889.

Dec. 10th, 1889.

Stephen A. Hubbard,

Editor "Courant",

Hartford, Conn.

My dear Sirs:-

I have received no letter from Mrs. Kinney in
reference to the young ladies you speak of. She has probably
written to Gen. Armstrong.

I have now a most satisfactory and experienced corps
of teachers, and so far as I know there will be no change seen.
Our changes, if made at all, are made at close of school year
in June. Should there be any, I file your letter for consideration
in connection therewith.

It would be better if the young ladies wrote me
directly sometime in April, provided they do not get a place
at Hampton. Should my present teachers remain there will be no
vacancies next year.

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110

Dec. 10th. 1889.

Mrs. L. A. Winnie,
Tiff City,
Missouri.

Dear Madam:-

Our girls speak highly of Lizzie Choteau, but some of them say she is troubled with weak eyes, and at times had to remain away from school on that account. I shall be very glad to provide a ticket for her to come here, if she is in good health; but I delay sending until I hear from you in regard to this.

We have had a number of pupils who were only a burden to us on account of their eyes, and we must be very careful. At the same time I am in full sympathy with you in your desires in the matter.

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Personal.

Dec.11th.1889.

Gen.Thos.J.Morgan,
Comnr.of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

Dear Gen'l.,

Your letter of yesterday received. I will cheer-
fully do anything you think best with the Carlisle forces
alone, or in connection with any other Government school, but I
beg you will excuse us from taking part in any meeting what-
ever in connection with Armstrong and Hampton, or any other
contract school.

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114

Dec.11.1889.

Peter J.

Peter J. Powlas,

Oneida, Wis.

My dear Peter:—

Thanks for your letter in reference to
Angelina Baird. I had anticipated the condition from some
previous correspondence and had already written Mrs. Baird
against sending her daughter home.

It is important that we hold on to students and
carry them forward. If we give way to parents' appeals, as in
this case, we never shall accomplish anything. I am very glad,
my dear friend, you are with me in this, and shall be glad to
have you keep me advised in regard to individual cases always.

Very sincerely yours,

Capt. & Supt.

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124

Dec.13, 1889.

Rev. W. W. Bronson,
727 Spruce St.
Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Sir:--

Replying to your inquiry of the 11th inst. I have respectfully to inform you that if the failures of students returned from Carlisle are only looked at, they are sufficient to condemn the work and the cause. So, too, are they if you adopt the same method toward Princeton and Harvard, or any public or private school in the world. If Princeton were only educating youth to send them to live among Indian tribes without other recourse, and load them with the responsibility of civilizing the tribes, but enjoying none of the benefits or privileges of civilization, the failures would be increased many fold.

I have been a worker and student of Indian education for more than 22 years. It has been most terrible work, but I have not made so, not because of difficulties in educating Indians and civilizing them, but because of the obtuseness and misdirected opinions and labor of the churches of the country. Tribes, reservations, separate and special laws and management for these, god's own children as much as you or I, are always uppermost in the minds of the religious and philanthropic people.

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tion of our country, notwithstanding they continually thank God we are all one flesh and blood.

For the ten years and better we have worked at Carlisle, I have lived in constant hope a radical change of opinion would grow up in the minds of our best people, and sometime soon the Indian have just the same chance to be a man as the rest of us ~~enjoy~~. Then, I know, that in a short time there would be no Indian problem; otherwise, I know, that under the very best efforts we shall never get rid of an Indian problem.

Carlisle has met with better average success with its pupils than any Indian school I know, and yet Carlisle is honest enough to state true situation, and not attempt to deceive the public or Congress with exaggerations and absolute falsehoods. We have many students, worthy examples on more than a score of reservations in the West, who are holding out a false, ful under the greatest adverse influences. Valued by the highest standard we are forbidden to go forward and not fall.

I send you a small collection of information on line.

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128

Dec.13.1889!

Capt.J.E.Quentin,

Grand Junction,
Col.

My dear Capt. -

When you wrote me I knew that other arrangements were contemplated. The jealousy existing in the Indian Office against the Army is no inconsiderable factor in the way Experience is not inquired after, and past record amounts to little or nothing. A man may be first class as a school man-ager in Boston or other places in the East, and be an utter failure in managing an Indian school. What you know, and what I know, and what every officer of 18 or 20 years' service among Indians knows, is pushed aside almost without thought or consid-eration.

I anticipate just what you do in regard to Grand Junction school, and I very much doubt whether you have lost anything by not having received the appointment. It is so far away from Headquarters, which is so entirely out of sympathy with it, and there is so little of local interest in it, that your work would have been very difficult. Even here, where I can run to Washington any day and straighten out a matter, and where I have great local interest, the responsibility under the system is a very great load to carry. I shall take an early

VOL. 16

Quentin

2

opportunity to know something about Grand Junction matters
when I am in Washington.

If the Department does not pretty soon change its
methods, and give us the best and most efficient management
at all the schools, we stand little show of attaining any
material success.

Very truly yours,

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130

Dec.13, 1889.

Whirlwind, Big Jake, White Shield,
Spotted Horse, Red Wolf, and
Yellow Bear;-
Dear friends:-

I got your letter and am powerless to help you
I can hardly believe John D.Miles, Dyer, and your Agent, would
be trying to do you any wrong in any way, and shall be very
sorry if your fears turn out to be well founded. I have always
had great confidence in John D.Miles, as you know. Although I
do not know Dyer, I have always believed him to be a man intense
ly interested in the welfare of the Indians. Your Agent I
never knew, but I know those who appointed him esteem him an
excellent man. I trust when you get all the facts you will
find you have been needlessly alarmed.

In regard to the Inspectors, it would be better that
what you have to say be said directly to those in authority.
I have every reason to think that both the Secretary and the
Commissioner are anxious not only to deal kindly and justly
but to advance your interests in every way they can.

You do not tell me what these men are doing, that
you consider against your interests, so I am entirely in the
dark about it all. I should think it a good arrangement for
you to go to Washington at your own cost, as you propose. You

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Whirlwind & others

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131

would then be satisfied.

About the interpreters, you know I have nothing at all to do with that, and would not think it right to make any suggestion about it. Your Agent is the man for you to go to about it.

If you should ask me to do something for you I could do, I would gladly do it; but you have rather put me in a box this time.

Sincerely your friend,

Capt & Supt.

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136

Dec. 16. 1889.

Mrs. M. C. Wade,

Omaha Agency,

Neb.

Dear Mrs. Wade:-

In talking with Charlie about his brother he spoke of his being troublesome, and while he thought it was good for him to come here and be disciplined, he would feel sorry to see him punished. As we are overstocked with boys and so far behind with girls, I thought it best to deny the request to bring him here. However, if you think we had better try to save him, and you will send us a good party of girls, you may let Henry come along.

I am glad you can say a good word for Joel. Give him my good wishes and tell him we are watching him in his new position with interest.

Your bridle was a present to you from Harvey. I thought he would write you that fact himself.

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140

Dec.17.1889.

Edward L. Wilson,

853 Broadway,

New York,

My dear Mr. Wilson:-

You have made me very happy by your
offer to help us out with our Christmas.

I would like Pictorial Palestine, Egypt and the
Egyptians, and so on in the South with the old Liberty Bell. If I
may have your manuscript describing the lectures I shall be
additionally and greatly obliged.

Please send them by Adams' express. I will return
them immediately after the holidays.

Very truly yours,

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141

Dec.17.1889.

J.R.Wood,

G.P.A. Penna.R.R.

Philadelphia, Penna.

Dear Sir:-

We have, as you know, arranged with you for quite a party of our students coming in for the Christmas holidays, who will take the train at Broad St. station, Philadelphia.

I would be obliged if you can further favor us by instructing your agents at Octorara, Downingtown, and Lancaster, to sell our students half rate tickets to Carlisle. There will be six from Octorara, five from Downingtown, and three from Lancaster, as we are at present advised. There may be others.

Under our previous arrangement I can ticket them back from Carlisle, so they need tickets only one way.

May I ask the favor of a telegraphic reply to this that I may have time to notify the students by mail that the arrangement is made?

Very respectfully,

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142

December 18, 1889.

Josie Vetter
Care of Kickapoo Boarding School,
Hoyt, Jackson Co., Kansas,

My dear Josie:

You no doubt remember Lily Wind, Phebe Howell and Nancy Cornelius. Since you left here we have been giving our girls instruction as nurses in our hospital, and then forwarding them into the regular nurses schools. Nancy Cornelius has done wonderfully well, at Hartford, Connecticut. Two months ago I sent Lily Wind to the same place.

Now I have just made arrangements for Phebe Howell to go into the nurses school connected with the Pennsylvania Hospital, in Philadelphia. We shall need to place another girl in our hospital in her stead. One who can, after one or two years go forward into a higher nurses school.

My mind has turned to you, thinking this would be something you would be glad to take hold of. After our girls get pretty well along, and are efficient in our hospital, I give them $5. a month, and they go on with their education at the same time. When they go into the nurses school they get $10. a month and are required to keep up some studies.

You may not know it, but graduated nurses get good pay. Often as much as $12. to $20. a week. I should be very glad if you would return to us and fit yourself for that work and

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166

December 31, 1889.

Pres. M. E. Gates
Rutgers College,
New Brunswick, N. J.

My dear Doctor:

I have thought over the Washington meeting. There are two reasons why I think I should not be there. First, in my judgment, I am stronger for attending to my business here and not being disturbed by any little opposition that might spring up such as Senator Moody's Bill that you speak of: I dont know what it is. He is a new Senator and from the West. He naturally wants to show that he knows a thing or two. He probably knows a great deal less about the Indians than a good many men farther East. He will feel better after he has unloaded. I think I would not spike his gun. I can bring Senators and Representatives to Carlisle as cheap as I could take students to Washington, and with much greater benefit.

Second, since your Board of Commissioners have in their last report chosen to criticize and make invidious comparisons between Carlisle and Hampton against Carlisle and me personally stating some things that are absolutely false and others that are a great strain on the exact truth, and do this entirely from an examination of Hampton alone, of which I know absolutely nothing until a year after it is put out, I do not now

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2- feel such a oneness with the Board as to care to be present at its meetings.

In regard to the duties of a trustee I wrote you in answer to a note from you at the time, telling you that the Board was organized with reference to the management of property given to this school. I objected to being personally responsible for such an amount of money and Secretary Teller advised that I organize a Board of trustees who should conjoin with me in regard to it, and audit my accounts. The Board was organized by my executing a deed of trust to them covering the farm. The Board is self-perpetuating and you were elected to fill the vacancy occurring by the death of Dr. Agnew. The Board appointed a local executive committee of three, of which Judge Henderson, Dr. Norcross and myself are the members.

The duties are really very nominal outside of the local committee. We have a general meeting once a year at the time of our Commencement exercises. Not hearing from you, I let your case lie to get further orders from the Board, at its next meeting. I hope you will join us.

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168

December 31, 1889.

R.C.Mitchell,
Duluth, Minn.,

My dear Bob:

I can't find any body that knows anything about having received your paper here, but I have a great mind to send you the 80cts. any way for Auld Lang Syne's sake. If I was not so badly in need of contributions myself I would. With the compliments of the season and wishing you all sorts of good things,

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VOL. 16

January 1, 18890.

Good Bear,

Cantonement I. T.,

My dear friend:

I have your letter telling why you
did not send your daughter. I think you have made a mistake,
but that is your business, not mine. If you look the matter
over you will find, I think that where our girls have gone
wrong after their return it is mostly to be blamed upon the
foolishness of their parents. I do not believe that yours
would have gone back, because you, yourself are too progress-
ive a man to permit it.

I am very glad to tell you that your son Paul is making
most excellent progress; that he is a thoroughly good boy in
every respect. I should like very much to have a visit from
you, here, and if I could control the money to bring you, I
would arrange it for you. Cant you come at your own cost ?

180

January 7, 1890.

Arnold Kanzhuna,

Mt. Vernon B'ks, Ala.

Dear Arnold:

I have not been very well for some days or
your letter ON THE SUBJECT would have been answered before.
I am so sorry to hear thatHUldan is sick, and that so many
of your people have been sick there as well as here. Just
now all the Apache boys and girls here are well except Bishop
Etennah. He has had pneumonia but is getting well of that.
The doctor fears that consumption may follow. Parker West
is very well and hearty. Clement too.

More than 60 of the Chiricamua Apaches are in good homes
in the country going to school with white children.

Give my love to the Carlisle boys and girls, and tell Hul-
dan she has my warmest sympathy in her sickness.

Your friend,

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181

January 7, 1890.

Amos Crane,
L'Ancey, Mich.,

My dear sir:

We have not found it best that children
should go home in vacation. We have an arrangement, that our
children generally go out into the country here about, during
vacation among the farmers, where they get a change of diet
and become acquainted with white people, and learn white peo-
ple's ways. Farmers all around are glad to get our boys
and girls, and they are glad to go. They pay them wages.
I think it would be better to let them stay here, and when
the time comes I will give them some way to earn money. I
will take good care of them and they will have all they need.
Do not send them any money. They are better off without it.

From what you tell me I should think you entitled to a
pension. It would do no harm for you to apply for one.
Write to the Commissioner of pensions in Washington, and ask
him to forward you the necessary blanks and then get some law-
yer or pension agent to make them out for you.

your friend,

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182

January 7, 1890.

Whirlwind,

Darlington, I.T.,
My dear friend:

I got your letter some time ago but I
have been sick and not able to keep up with my writing. I
am very glad to have the nice picture of yourself and family.
When I look at it it makes me think of years ago when I met
you and your people so often in their lodges. I was sorry
that you did not send me that nice girl. Surely you will not
keep her out of school. It would be a great wrong to all her
future, now that we have so many good schools to send her to.
The Cheyennes must not let their children grow up without a
knowledge of reading and writing and how to do business with
white people.

I wish I could help you to come to Washington, but I am not
able to do that; it must rest with your agent. All the Chey-
ennes are doing well.

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183

January 7, 1890.

Moses Culbertson

Pine Ridge, S. Dak.

Dear Moses:

I am glad to hear from you, as I am always glad to hear from any former Carlisle students. I am especially pleased to know that you are in good health, and that you are on the police force where you can make yourself useful to the agent and to the Government and to your people.

It seems to me now that you are so much of a man that it would be just as well to push ahead like a man and give up school. I thank you for the good news about our Carlisle boys. I know you have much against you on the Reservation but if you will be industrious, earnest, honest and true you may get on in spite of the difficulties.

Please remember me kindly to Edgar, Clarence and all the other Carlisle students.

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184

VOL. 16

January 7, 1890.

D. Fuel B. Karib,

University of Penn., Phila.,
My dear Doctor:

I have latterly been quite off in my
health and been borne down by the affairs of the season, so
have let my mail accumulate. I thank you most cordially for
your good wishes which I earnestly reciprocate. I am glad
to hear that you are pushing forward in your chosen profes-
sion. The pictures you left on my mind, of your people are
ineffaceable.

We have quite a seige of the "Grip" at the school. Both
Mrs Pratt and myself have been among the victims. We are now
almost through it, and our school will go forward with excel-
lent degree of success. With best wishes for you in all
your future,

186

January 7, 1890.

George Kowice,

Bernardillo, N. M.

Dear George:

Thank you for your letter about our
boys. I am so anxious to hear from our returned boys and
girls and know whether they are doing well or not. All the
Pueblos are doing well. We have had an epidemic, here.
More that 100 of our people have been sick but none of them
died and all are getting well. Mrs Prattand myself were sick
from it.

I hope you will try and make good use of your education.
Be honest, true and manly. Carlisle leans on its returned
students for its success. My love to all the returned boys
and girls.

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187

January 7, 1890.

Thos. R. Crispin,

Indian School, Genoa, Neb.,

Dear Thomas:

My advice to you is to stay at Genoa, that is the very best thing to do. Your term will not be out until you have a good education. Make your people think so, think so yourself. I know your chiefs Black Crow and Washaskie. They visited me here. You write to Casper Edson one of our Arapahoes, here and he can tell you all about the Arapahoe children.

Your friend,

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188

January 7, 1890.

Mrs Harriet Stuart,

Lapwai Agency, Idaho,

My dear Harriet:

Miss Fletcher wrote me of her arrival in Washington and spoke in the highest terms of the help she had from you whereat I am greatly pleased.

I hope you get the Helper. It has missed two weeks; one because it was Christmas and the other because the printers were sick. We have had La Grippe here; over 100 of us, but in the school goes on.

I should like to come to your mountain country and get your husband or some one to show me the nice trout streams. I hear there are many trout there. Mrs Pratt is going to start to Denver Thursday, to visit our Marion who lives there now. Best wishes for you and yours and a "Happy New Year"

Your friend,

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189

January 7, 1890.

Charles Dickens,

Indiaft School, San Carlos,
Arizona,

Dear Charles:

Your long letter did not have very much news
in it; still I am glad to have it, because I see you are try-
ing hard to get an education and make a man of yourself.

I am very glad to know that you are a good boy and do not run
away. When there is more money to pay the Railroad for trans-
portation next year I shall write Capt. Bullis and see what can
be done about a party from your Agency. This year there is
no money so we will have to give it up.

Your friend,

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190

January 7, 1890.

Alice F. Levering,

Decatur Neb.,

My dear Alice:

I thank you for remembering me after
so long an absence. I am always glad to hear from our stu-
dents who have gone to their homes, and are trying to make
uses of the little learning that they gathered up at Carlisle.

Great changes have come about in ten years among the Omahas. Perhaps greater ones will come about within the next ten years. You who use wisely what you know will come to the front. Those who know nothing and do not care to know will have to go to the rear. The Omahas here are doing very nicely now. Quite a number of them will graduate this year. You would hardly know the school, there have been so many changes. We are depending largely upon our returned students to make a good name for Carlisle.

Your friend,

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191

January 7, 1890.

Madoc Wind,

San Carlos, Arizona,

Dear Madoc:

Thank you for remembering to write to me and for the news from yourself and the other boys. It always does me good to hear from my old pupils, and especially when they are making themselves useful in any way. I am greatly pleased that so many of the Apaches are doing well. You have a good Agent, and if your people will only follow his directions they will get on faster. I hear so much of that Tizwin you spoke of, and the great harm it does to your people. Why cant you scouts break the business up ?

All the Apaches here are well and doing well this Winter. I am glad to tell you that more than 60 of the Chiricahuas are out in the country attending school in Bucks County and elsewhere, and doing first rate. Give my love to all the Carlisle students.

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192

January 7, 1890.

Constant Bread,

San Carlos, Arizona,

Dear Constant:

I got your letter some time ago but I have not been well. I am glad always to hear from you, especially when you can write me so well about yourself. You have a great work to do in making good use of what you know. I do hope that you and the other Carlisle boys will never be foolish; that you will be industrious true and honorable in every way; that you will succeed and in that way thank the Government for what it has done for you. That is all the Government asks. I am sorry for the poor men who lost their lives. Does it make the other bad men stop and think? I hope so. As you get the Helper you know all that is going on here at Carlisle, so I need not write you that.

Sincerely your friend,

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193

January 7, 1890.

George Nyruah,
San Carlos, Arizona,
W. de r George:

Thank you for your little letter and what it
tells me of the good use you are making of the little educa-
tion you got at Carlisle. If you use well what you have
more will come; if you do not use well what you have, that
which you have will be taken away from you. I wish you
Carlisle students to do the very best you can all the time.

Your friend,

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194

January 8, 1890.

Henry C. Homan, Nese,

Cheyenne Agency, Darlington,
Indian Territory,

Mr. dear Henry:

How very odd it must seem to all the old
Indians to be wakened up in the night by the rush of the
steam engine, right at their old hunting grounds.

I killed buffalo once just in sight of the Cheyenne School.
And now think how great the change! I am sorry to know that
the Indians do not change as fast as the country. They are
not keeping up with these changes.

You must depend on your Agent about getting more tools.
There are so many demands upon me, that I can't again attempt it.
I thought when I helped you with the other set that you
would set up a shop, earn lots of money and save it and I
should see you a regular man of business by this time. If
you can't get a set of tools in any other way, why don't you go
into the State of Kansas or to Oklahoma and earn money to buy
yourself a set. You would do well to go to Cantonment,
That is a good place. There is a good chance up there, and
you ought to locate your 160 acres of land among the first?

Sincerely your friend,

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195

January 8, 1890.

David Bedell,
Methodist Ind. Miss.,
L'Ance, Mich.

My dear friend:

When your children are more advanced it will be quite useful to them to take music. They have too little education to allow that now. If you can give them encouragement so they may pull up and get sufficient knowledge of other things, they may then take up music, and I shall be glad to help them.

Your friend,

January 8, 1890.

Gurney H. Miles
Chillicothe School,
Arkansas City, Kansas.

Dear Gurney:

As I expect you are about to return to Carlisle, I will wait until I hear again before I send your money. Agent Miles wrote and asked about your coming and I told him, yes.

Your friend,

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196

VOL. 16

January 8, 1890.

W. Edwin Priest,

901 French St. Washington.

My dear sir:

The Indian schools in the East have only been ten years in existence. Last year we had our first graduating class. Some of the pupils have gone into higher schools. We have a number of students who have located in the East and expect to remain, but not very many. Parents give their children to us expecting them to return in five years. The situation at present is such that we cannot go into the business of holding Indian children East in any considerable numbers. It is a new idea to them and to our own people and has to be tested and proven. So far in our experience it is the only way out of the woods. I do not believe that anything but destruction to the Indian race will follow if the old policy of segregating and keeping up their tribal relations is continued. Whereas I know a very considerable proportion of them can be saved as individuals if they will adopt our habits and join in with us to help the country grow.

VOL. 16

January 8, 1890.

Mrs Louisa W. Rice,
Fort Niobrara, Neb.

My dear Louisa!

Your letter was a real treat to me.

I was in bed, sick: feeling bad, and it did me lots of good.
Thank you for writing and telling me so freely about yourself
and the others; that you are a housekeeper, washing and at-
tending to your family and doing as you tell me. It is a
very great pleasure to me.

We are getting on nicely at the school. We have had over
100 cases of the "Grippe", and some of us have felt very bad-
ly for a few days but it is well over now and nothing serious
has happened to us.

If you came to see us you would note many changes and im-
provements in the school, and we should be glad to have you
come. I wish you the most "Happy New Year". Remember me
kindly to Victoria and Lizzie.

Faithfully yours

198

Jan. 8th, 1890.

Miss Florence Hale Abbott,

Smith College,

Northampton, Mass.

My dear Miss Abbott:

I have not been entirely well or should
have written you somewhat earlier. I have no little pleasure
in writing the letter you request to lay before the the young
ladies of your society. Our school is more prosperous to-day
than ever before, thanks to its many good friends, including
our great and good Government. We number six hundred and sev
enty-four pupils of whom two hundred and forty-six are girls.
We represent forty-two tribes with languages entirely sepa-
rate and distinct from each other. One hundred and seventy-
eight of our pupils are out in families attending public
schools, sixty of these are girls. One hundred and seven of
our students are members of the several churches in Carlisle.
Thirty-eight are Presbyterians; thirty-six, Episcopalian; seven-
teen, Catholics; eleven, Methodists; three, Reformed and two Luth-
ers. The religious interest in the school is healthy and gree
ing and that influence pervades the general conduct of all
the students. We have an excellent corps of whom all

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2

are ladies in the school department. We are graded into twelve sections graduating our pupils at the grammar grade of the public schools. We also have a Normal department containing about fifty of our smallest children under the supervision of a trained normal teacher who directs the training of eight of our advanced pupils in preparation to teach.

Our students are more than half without previous school training and thus our lowest grades are much the heaviest. Last year we graduated our first class composed of seven boys and seven girls. I send you a copy of a photograph also a combination photograph in which most of our buildings and something of our grounds appear. In our industrial department we have under training boys as follows: sixteen blacksmiths and wagon-makers, seventeen carpenters, twenty-three shoe-makers, eleven bakers, twenty tailors, twenty printers and all the other boys present are used on the farm and in the necessary work of the school. Of the girls six are under training as teachers, six are nurses present at the school, two others in the school for nurses at Hartford and one in Phila. Your are sewing teachers, four assistant landresses, eight are taking lessons in instrumental music and all the others have instructions in sewing, cutting and fitting, cooking, laundry work and house-keeping. Although we represent such a

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200

diversity of speech in our origin we are practically an English speaking school. We have sent forward to higher schools two girls to Alma College, Michigan; two to Millersville Normal School, Pennsylvania; two to Carlisle High School; two boys to Marietta College, Ohio; one to Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N.J. In our ten years work we find that we can take young Indians without English or school training and in nine or ten years bring them forward and graduate them in the grammar grade which is quite as much as can be done for our own white children. The members of your society will remember that last year I explained our "outing system" and that my hope was that we would not only lead the Indians into our civilization but induce them to remain in it and so forward the disintegrating processes at work upon the tribes, destroy the commune and establish the individual. During vacation last summer we succeeded in placing three hundred and sixty pupils in families. If we had had the children to spare we could have provided more than double the number with places.

You will see by the copies of the Red Man that I send you, that this special feature of our school attracted the most favorable comment of both the Commissioner and Secretary.

Of those who are out from us in families and public schools more than sixty are Geronimo Apaches sent us from the prisoners in Florida. Our system at the school has been able to

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4

prepare them for this "outing" by giving them sufficient English, skill and obedience to make themselves acceptable both in labor and in school. I count this no small victory, for if we can do this for sixty of our worst Indians it stands to reason that we ought to do it for the whole forty thousand Indians who are not so difficult. Our great difficulty in reaping the best results from our work is found in the abominable systems on the reservations. In the communistic governments of the *forbes* Indian, which kills all individuality, and in the pauperizing ration system of the Government backed up as it is by the total absence of all civilized industries and methods to afford our returned students occupation. These hardships, however, are working their own cure by teaching our advanced pupils to seriously consider whether it is not best for them to locate and remain among the whites. A letter from one of my boys from the Cheyenne Agency received to-day, tells me how impossible it is for him to hold on to any of his money he earns by working for the Government at the Agency. He says he did not know he had so many friends, they come to see him and ask him for money and he is afraid to refuse for then they will call him mean and stingy "just like the white people". A very large proportion of our returned students are doing well, newspaper stories to the contrary notwithstanding.

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202

5

We have stood our ground here until now the educational idea
has pretty well taken root throughout the country and there is
a general demand for the education of all Indian children by
the Government. In order that this disposition by the Gov-
ernment may find its speediest and most sure consummation
good people every where need to stand by us with all the
more force. Carlisle is carrying one hundred and ninety-
more pupils than Congress gives appropriation for.

All those who are away in higher schools I have to find mon-
ey outside of the Government to support besides many expenses
connected with the school that do not come strictly within
the limits of Government regulations.

VOL. 16

203

Jan. 9th, 1890.

My dear Annie:

I am glad that in spite of my enforced silence you have so carefully kept me advised of your school life as your unanswered letters at my elbow attest. It is a satisfaction, also, that you so well understand the cares of my busy life that you know that my letters must of necessity be occasional. I am glad to see the familiar mention in your letters of the names of your teachers and those of the Marsh family. It tells me that you are making friends in your new surroundings and that you are choosing them wisely.

In your later letters to Miss Irvine there is evidence of rather more dissipation than I think consistent with your best interests and the real purpose of your being at Alma. It is my wish that you should make your school work of the first importance and that social and pleasure should have its place, but that it should be secondary to study. I would like you to send me some of your written school work and tell me more definitely where and what you are studying. If you did this statedly, say every one or two months, I should be able to note your progress. Mrs. Pratt leaves this evening

VOL. 16

for Denver where she will spend a couple of months with Marian. She goes by way of Atlanta in order that she may spend a day or two with Nana who is enjoying her school life very much and writes us of her improved health and added weight. Richenda will be my main-stay in her mother's absence and she quite feels that she has taken on a responsibility. Mason and his wife are located in Johnstown. We but lately had a very pleasant visit from them. We are expecting a party of Sioux Chiefs numbering about thirty in all, this evening and the children are naturally on the tip-toe of expectation. You remember in the earlier history of the school these visits were not of infrequent occurrence.

Please left us yesterday for the Philadelphia Hospital where she hopes to become a trained nurse. Nancy Cornelius is now in charge of the chief ward of the city hospital of Hartford and I take great satisfaction in her success. I trust all my absent boys and girls remember that they are standing for Carlisle.

Your friend and school-father,

VOL. 16

205

Jan. 9th, 1890.

My dear Lily:

You and Annie have by this time started into a
new year's work. I trust you will be able yourselves to note
your advance in your studies from month to month. I feel a
peculiar interest in those of you that I have launched upon
a somewhat wider sea than our own and perhaps some anxiety
that you use well your opportunity.

Chester has lately visited Hampton in company with Dennison
and seems to have found much pleasure in his trip. He is
looking very well and unlike many of the rest of us has es-
caped the prevailing influenza. I am glad to hear that
Alice is restored to good health and that you no longer have
reason for uneasiness on her account. It is doubtless best
that she remains home the year before she entertain the idea
of returning to the east. There are a great many new faces
since you were with us both among the students and employees
so that our circle has widened out a good deal and quite
pleasantly. Cecilia and Clara spent the holidays with us
as their near neighborhood gives them the opportunity of
doing. They are making fair progress in their studies.

VOL. 16

206

I told Annie that I would like you both to keep me more carefully advised of what you are doing in actual school-work.

This can best be done by showing me your written examination work from time to time. I have not yet learned if you have joined the Kindergarten Training Class. I think by keying you up self up a little you ought to be able to carry this along with your other studies and without injury to the latter.

The Normal work here is going forward nicely under an efficient teacher who has six girls in training. The department is made up of fifty of our little people so that the girls have more teachable material than was your experience when with us. I am always glad to hear from my absent girls and much regret that it is not in my power to oftener write to them.

Your friend and school-father

VOL. 16

207

January 10, 1890.

C. Francis Meserve,
Superintendent,
Haskell Institute, Lawrence, Kan.,

Dear Mr. Meserve:

Thank you for the note in regard
to Mr. Gould. His death makes me lose one of the most faith-
ful and efficient of my employes.

In regard to the small children of your school, I more
than half suspected it was just as you write. Of course you
could not contemplate such a radical change at once.

Elsie Davis is naturally a little homesick in the begin-
ning. We often have such little ripples to overcome when pu-
pils first go out and do it by kindly persuasion. I will
contrive to know how Elsie gets on from time to time, and if
matters are not as they should be I will inform you.

I learn by private letter to one of my employes of Miss
Hyde's declination. I am sorry she could not see her way to
go to you. The disadvantages to you of the many changes in
the past, of Superintendent and other employes at Haskell make
your task doubly difficult. All my efforts to help you seem
thwarted by just that feature of Haskell's record.

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208

VOL. 16

January 10, 1890.

Matthias Faber,

Grand Rapids, Ind. Terr.,

Dear Sir:

I am surprised at what you write in reference to Clara appealing to you. I supposed that you understand that I have forwarded Clara into the State Normal School at Millersville; she having graduated from us last year.

The Government has refused to pay the expenses of quite a number of my students whom I have sent into higher schools in this manner. I therefore applied to my friends and have succeeded in getting funds to carry them forward, Clara included. Clara has received money from you at times and has rather inclined to boast a little about being taken care of by her father.

As she had taken this position in regard to it, claiming that she could get more we thought it best to allow her money so far as *am* practicable, cover these expenses, as they are the only expenses she really needs to have covered, and to have money to waste would only hurt her.

Clara should be pushed through the full course at the Normal school. Then she will be capable teacher as well as be fitted for any other station.

209

-

I should be glad to have you help pay what you can in the
matter and I will do the rest, though I have to do all of it.

January 9, 1890.

Mr. Henry Romerike,
110, 5th. Ave., N. Y.,

Dear Sir:

Inasmuch as the cuttings recently sent are to
the point and in expectation that the same care in selecting
will continue, I send my check for Twenty-twe ($22.00) Dol-
lars' worth of press notices.

VOL. 16

210

January 9, 1890.

L. J. Ellis,
G. E. P. A.,
303 Broadway, N. Y.,

Dear sir:

I am just recovered from an attack
of La Grippe. I thank you for your kindness in arranging
a ticket to Atlanta and through to Kansas City and back, for Mrs Pratt.

In regard to the money paid by the two girls, who had
tickets from Eufala, and who paid for tickets between Bristol
and Roanoke, they are unable to give the name of the Official
who was to send them the money. They feel sure the Conduct-
or's name was West, as I wrote you. The girls paid their
own way here, and I trust they will not lose these sums.

Very truly yours

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

211

VOL. 16

January 9, 1890.

Eliza R. Hampton,
Swarthmore College, Penn.,

Dear friend:

You can argue against the Reserva-
tion being the best location for the education of Indians
upon the grounds, -

1st., That the attendance of children and the management of school instruction are subject to the whims of the Indian parents and the supervision of the chiefs and principal men among the Indians. That without exception the attendance of pupils is very erratic and discipline almost impossible.

The slightest ailment of a relation being sufficient excuse
to keep the children out of school for weeks and months at a
time.

2nd., The pupils see nothing but Indians. There are no ex-
amples of civilized industry and thrift to impress them with
the needs of education and arouse their ambition for it.

3rd., On almost all the Reservations the attendance of the
pupils is maintained under the threat of the loss of rations,
for the whole family, and the energetic use of the Indian
Police.

4th., You can earnestly assert that Reservation schools have

212

2-
never prepared a single pupil to meet and compete with civil-
ized people in our civilized industries; while hundreds have
been so prepared by schools remote from Reservations.

The demands for schools on Reservations just now being
pressed upon Public attention comes from Indians who wish to
manage these school for their own ends; having been at the
head of the ignorant masses of their tribes, and found their
supremacy waning on account of the greater intelligence a-
mong the young men of the tribes of whom they were naturally
jealous, and being governed largely by foreign
Priests at work among them, who are not friendly to the great-
est freedom of thought anywhere, and are enemies of Public schools

foreign

They make their claims and advance KAHXX arguments that are not true. The death rate which they claim results from eastern schools and eastern school work is not one whit larger than in Reservation schools, nor is it greater than among the children in camps who do not attend school at all.

Tribal school do but build up and strenghten the tribes.
Witness the condition of the Indians in New York. Witness the
condition of the five civilized tribes in the Indian Territo-
ry. In none of which is there a friendly disposition tow-
ard uniting with us and becoming a part of one people in this
country. As a means of good Government the situation to-
day and the experience of all the past warns us that it is
neither good statesmanship, nor for the benefit of the Indians

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213

3-

to pay one single dollar more of Public money to educate In-
dians in their own lines of tribal unity.

These are the main points in favor of eastern schools ;
but the day schools and Reservation boarding schools do a lit-
tle good in planting the educational idea. Their existence
however should be very brief.

Hoping these points will meet your wishes,

VOL. 16

214

January 10, 1890.

Mr. H. B. Barton

214 Columbia Ave, Boston,

Dear Madam:

In order to secure an appointment as teacher at Carlisle, when a vacancy occurs, it will be necessary to convince Capt. Pratt you are the very best adapted for the place, of the many applicants.

Just now the teachers' corps is full, and so far as known no vacancies likely to occur in the near future.

Very truly yours,

January 10, 1890.

F. B. Hunt,
Assistant P. M.,
Burt, Mich.,

Dear Sir:

I supposed your letter written for Daniel Hart was signed by yourself, and I made the mistake of not correcting it. The registered letter contains money that he sent for his son to return home on. As we cannot permit such a system to take hold in our school, the money was returned.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 16

219

January 13, 1890.

Mrs Charlotte O. Van Cleave,

603 5th. St. S. E.
Minneapolis, Minn.,

Dear friend:

I shall take very great interest in the
two lads, Malcomb and Edward, especially on account of your
solicitude. Miss Clarke is still with us. Her visit has
been a most delightful one for all of us. She rendered the
famine scene from Hiawatha most beautifully, in the presence
of the school and the visiting Sioux Chiefs on Saturday night.
She has become quite like one of us here.

VOL. 16

220

January 13, 1890.

Prest. Isaac Sharpless,

Haverford College, Penna.,

My dear sir:

If all goes well we shall graduate
from our school this Spring, several young men who desire to
obtain higher education. It has been my policy, as perhaps
you know, to scatter and bring in relations with our own peo-
ple as much as possible. the indian youth under my care.

A lady friend informs me there are possibilities at Haver-
ford for an Indian or two, and I write thus early in order to
be able to canvass the whole matter before the beginning of
school next year.

I have two boys who are successfully passing through Ma-
rietta College, Ohio and one at Rutgers, New Brunswick. It
is my desire to give all the advanced education to those un-
der my care who are capable and desire it, in our own well
organized Institutions rather than to create a higher depart-
ment here.

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221

VOL. 16

January 13, 1890.

Rev. W.H.Miller,

Bryn Mawr, Pa.,

My dear friend:

I have had an attack of the "Grip" and thirty odd Sioux Chiefs with five Indian Agents on my hands the last few days, which has interfered with my prompt reply to your letter enclosing Harry Raven's.

I hardly know what to say about Harry's letter, nor what to suggest you send him. I have had both favorable and unfavorable reports in regard to his conduct, but the last has been best. There is more or less of uncertainty about what he says, and the disposition to ask for a present is so contrary to what we have a right to expect from Harry, that I would not advise anything considerable. Money would be the simplest.

222

January 13, 1890.

Dr. A. B. McCandless,
Holton, Kansas,

My dear Doctor:

The Commissioner asked me some days ago
about you and I replied to his personal letter at once and
said what I could in your behalf. I have little doubt of
your getting the appointment if there is a vacancy.

Very truly yours

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

223

January 13, 1890.

Geo. H. Pradt,
Laguna, N. M.,

My Dear Major:

From your letter I take it you desire me
to send what I might say in your behalf, to you, to be for-
warded by you in connection with others to Washington.

As the vacancy has existed some time now and there are
many applicants, my notion is that I had best write direct to
the Secretary and my letter there will, in the system of files
find its place with others you may send. I have therefore
written direct to the Secretary about you and trust that you
may receive the appointment. Enclosed I send you copy of
the letter.

VOL. 16

224

January 13, 1890.

Hon. John W. Noble,
Sec'y of the Interior,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Sir:

Major Geo. H. Pradt of Laguna, New Mexico, writes me he is an applicant for the position of Agent for the Pueblo Indians made vacant by the recent death of Agent McClure. I have known Major Pradt for the past nine years. He is an educated gentleman and thoroughly posted, by long residence in New Mexico and by much study of the subject, in the capacity, relations and affairs of the Pueblo Indians, and I know of no applicant for the place possessing the qualities required, in a larger degree than Major Pradt.

Major Pradt's special interest in the education of the Indian youth through all the years of my acquaintance with him, especially influences me in asking your favorable consideration of his application.

Supt.

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227

January 14, 1890.

My Dear Pres't Gates:

I am hardly over the "Grip", and
have had several days' visit from the Sioux Chiefs and their
Agents.

The president of your Board ordered an exparte act, and
two members executed it. This to me shows on its face un-
mistakable intention to be unfair. The publication and
spread of the report as a public (therefore a presumably ju-
dicial) document adds evidence of the intention.

The document itself contains what I wrote you, but I will
not permit myself to engage in private correspondence fur-
ther about it.

I am grateful for your personal regard. I shall not be
in Washington on the 22nd.

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231

January 15, 1890.

H. O. Houghton,
4, Park Place,
Boston, Mass.,

My Dear Sir:

Miss Burgess who was with me at Mohonk, and who has been in my employ, in charge of the printing office for the past ten years, and who had Five years experience as teacher in Agency schools before coming here, wrote a serial story for our school paper which has a circulation of about 8,000. It gives the experience of a young Indian girl, a returned pupil. The author has substantiated facts for all the statements made.

The story received so many complimentary notices from the readers of the paper and I am so convinced of the value of its circulation, that I would like to see it in neat book form, well illustrated. Miss Burgess has made selections of photographs and arranged the manuscript, at my suggestion, with this in view. Consulting with a number of friends about it, your house is mentioned first always, and I write to ask whether I might send it to you for your consideration, with a view to its coming out.

If your reply should be favorable I will forward the manuscript and photographs as arranged, with more particular ex-

VOL. 16

pression of my ideas as to how it should be done. It will
be a child's book.

I may add, that the Secretary of one of the associations
in Boston wrote, saying that Mrs. Houghton had wished her to
write suggesting that the story be printed by the association
as a pamphlet, for circulation. The judgment of other friends
is what leads us to think it would be better to place it
before the public in a more pretentious form.

VOL. 16

233

January 15, 1890.

Hon. H. M. Teiler,
U. S. Senate,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Sirs:

It ought not to cost above Seven or Eight
Hundred Dollars to lay out a farm, fence it and build a suit-
able house for each family of the Utes in Southern Colorado.

If a sample house and farm were arranged and then shown to
the Utes and a like provision promised for each one, would
not every family locate and the Utes then consent to the re-
lease of the remainder of their lands for a reasonable con-
sideration? Would not the expense to the Government be far
less than their removal to Utah, and the benefit to them im-
measurably greater?

It seems to me that removing them to Utah only pushes far-
ther away the final settlement of their case, and adds to the
difficulty of it.

With great respect,

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235

January 18, 1890.

Capt. Thos. H. McKee,
Supt. Document Room,
H. R., Washington, D. C.,

My dear Capt.

I have been intending to write congratulating you, for some time; though as a matter of fact I think the House is to be more congratulated than you. Certainly no one that I know outside of Amazi could fill the bill as well. I shall now become a frequenter of the House side when I visit Washington.

I shall be glad if you can make it convenient to send me such bills and documents relating to Indians, as may be printed, from time to time.

VOL. 16

236

January 18, 1890.

Major Geo. H. Pradt,
Laguna, N. M.,

Dear Major:

I am just in receipt of letter from Sec-
retary Noble in which he states as follows:-

"I have received your letter of January 13, endorsing Major Geo. H. Pradt for appointment to the Pueblo Indian Agency and note its contents. Before the receipt of your letter, however Mr. Jose' Segura had been appointed to this position. Otherwise your endorsement would have received due consideration"

You seem to be in the same position as the man who waited
for the moving of the waters, and always other fellows stepped
in first and thus got the miraculous benefits. If the new
appointee is a Catholic, as I presume he is, I very much fear
it will be no small disaster to school work among the Pueblos.

Sincerely your friend,

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237

VOL. 16

January 18, 1890.

My dear Mr. Belt:

I thank you for your comforting letter.

The loss of Mr Gould is indeed a very great one to me personally and to this school and the service as well.

He knew everything in my business here from the beginning.

Very much of detail that I could not charge myself with, I had only to ask Mr. Gould about. However I am fortunate in having Dr. Hepburn, who has been in the office so long, to take his place at once.

I can greatly sympathize with you in your attack of the
grip. I was Hors du combat for several days and really more
or less disabled for ten. But now that I am over it, I feel
the better for having had it.

Your pleasant visit was an inspiration for us all, and will
long be remembered. I trust it may soon be repeated and that
you will bring Mrs. Belt with you.

238

January 18, 1890.

Thos. Boak,

Gerry, N. Y.,

My dear sir:

What is the very best you can do, say for one bull and three heifers, two years old of the very best grade? If as you say I can have them at a reasonable figure I will see what I can do in the way of getting authority from the Government to purchase. Last year I thought the price would appear so high that it would be useless for me to ask.

VOL. 16

239

January 18, 1890.

Mrs Caroline S. Morgan,
The Langham, Washington, D. C.,
Dear Mrs. Morgan:

I had already selected the clippings
from the Word Carrier for our January Red Man. I have not
the Chicago Inter Ocean, but have asked our newsman to pro-
cure a copy for me.

The Catholic assaults upon the General and upon the Govern-
ment system are healthy. We are getting at the animus and de-
veloping the purposes of Catholicism. That there has been de-
lay and that they have had full opportunity has been an ad-
vantage to us; to the Government. The more they censure the
more they weaken themselves by inviting criticism of their
own methods and work. In my judgment, the very best thing
that can happen is to have a full public expose of the whole
Catholic Indian system, and their desperation shows they fear
this. Let them have full credit for all they have done and
nothing will be found to encourage a hope that they ever in-
tended or do now intend to make American citizens out of the
Indians. Slavery to Catholicism and an entering wedge for
the overthrow of the public school system, are the sole motives.
To be able to make large drafts upon the United States treas-
ury through Indian school work and the manipulation of large

VOL. 16

240

2 annuities, and to be able to throw whole tribes into the face of the Government, whenever any scheme for the public welfare comes up in the connection, are what inspire the new born enthusiasm of the Catholic Church in its Indian school work. I speak from a large personal experience.

A Miss Clarke, for seven years superintendent of schools in Lewis and Clarke County, Montana, and who is a half Black Feet Indian and a Catholic, brought her two nephews here at her own cost of transportation. I criticised her judgment for bringing her nephews here when there was such a school as the St. Ignatius so much nearer. She knows the school well and because of her knowledge of it did not want her nephews to go there. Senator Vest never spoke on Indian education without lauding the St. Ignatius school I am informed by a friend prominent in the affairs of the country, that Senator Vest during his visits there has the recreation he so much enjoys, and that the Priest has a life-size painting of the Senator hung on the walls of the school by the side of the other saints. My friend saw the painting so hung.

The General will be confirmed. The country is not yet fully ripe to be turned over to the Jesuits.

Mrs. Pratt visited Nana in Atlanta last Sunday. N. Has greatly improved in health; so that we feel repaid for sending her South. Mrs. Pratt is now in Denver with our other daughter, where she will stay through February.

VOL. 16

242

January 18, 1890.

Wm. P. Campbell,
Newtown, Pa.,

My dear Mr. Campbell:

Joseph arrived safely at four yesterday afternoon. I was much obliged by your notes of Armstrong's speech. It is well for us to know what is going on. That Armstrong is in the way of the best progress in Indian schools grows more and more plain.

I trust you will be able to get hold of the fellow who has been inveigling our boys with whiskey. I shall of course be governed by your judgment in relation to Ralph staying where he is.

Things go as usual at the school. The debate between the two societies last night was quite the best of the kind we ever had. There have been several cases of Pneumonia following the grip. The case of the Caddo boy was critical last night but is more hopeful this morning.

Very sincerely yours

VOL. 16

VOL. 16

January 20, 1890.

Rev. Sam J. Barrows D. D.,
Editor Christian Register!
141 Franklin St., Boston,

My dear Doctor:

I have intended for sometime writing
you to thank you for the gracious manner with which you hand-
led us. If you have an hundred copies each of the two num-
bers of the Register, containing your two articles and will
let your business manager send them to me with his bill, I
will remit at once and thank you for the favor.

In regard to the physical condition of our returned stu-
dents, I have to say that we shall gain very much by a strict
comparison with the condition in Agency or Mission schools, or
even by a comparison with the condition of Indian children
never in school.

This cruelty is inspired by the arch enemy of schools out-
side of its own management, the Roman Catholic Church. There
are other motives entering into the assertion, such as the
desire of Western members to have large sums of money expend-
ed within their districts.

I do not believe the climate has any material influence.
By far the healthiest children we have at the school are the
Pueblos of New Mexico, and there could hardly be a greater
change between the climate of 'New Mexico and that of Pennsyl-
vania.

250

At Agency schools epidemics of light diseases, produce, in al-
most every instance, dire results. Two years ago the mea-
sles broke out in Pawnee Agency Boarding school and upwards
of 30 out of a school of 76 died. A few years before that
the measles in the Osage Agency school carried off upwards of
40, and made its way into the Camps and about 200 others died.

We had 154 cases of measles here at the same time. The
disease being brought in a party of children from the Osage
Agency school. We lost none. We have had 120 cases of La
Grippe followed in 22 cases by pneumonia. Only one student
has died, and that was a case far gone in consumption.

I suppose you saw my statement, that out of 101 students
which covers all we have returned to the two Sioux Agencies
represented here, Rosebud and Pine Ridge, prior to the first
of June 1886, 82 are still living. Since writing that one
girl then reported dead is found teaching a day school, and
is in the best of health.

My experience here has been, that Indians are quite like
our own people in their willingness to be rid of disabled in-
competents and incorrigibles, and too often Agency physicians
and others connive at the sending in of such. Without consid-
ering this feature, I would welcome the most careful in-
quiry and comparison with all other schools, wherever located
and also with the conditions that prevail in Camp, assured
that we should stand head and shoulders above them all, both

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254

January 21, 1890.

Hon. John W. Noble,
Secretary of the Interior,
Washington, D. C.,

Sir:

It probably is no part of my business to
attempt to interfere in any way, either for or against, the
selection, nomination or confirmation of the Commissioner of
Indian Affairs, who occupies the place of a superior officer
over me; but when there is so much evidence in the public
press of opposition to the expressed wishes of the head of
the Government, from a quarter that I know, personally, as a
Government official, is making false charges and insidious
misrepresentations, and that in these efforts that power seeks
to accomplish a personal and selfish purpose, subversive of
our Constitution and the liberties of our country, I feel
that I am at least authorized in laying before you certain
facts which may aid in determining the animus of the opposi-
tion.

I respectfully suggest that it should be known just how
much and what kind of school work the Catholic Church did for
the Indians prior to 1885, the time when it began to receive
material sums of money from the public treasury for school
work, and just what kind of work it is paid for doing now.

I charge that Father Stephan, the head of the Catholic bu-

VOL. 16

255

2--
reau in Washington, has, in the interests of his Church, per-
sistently, selfishly and maliciously misrepresented in many
quarters the Government's own Indian school work; that he
himself and the other foreign priests who have been allowed
by the Government to go into the Indian Reservations, have
methodically and in the interests of their Church purposes
endeavored to influence both Indians and Whites against the
Government Indian schools and the Government's school policy.

I charge that Catholic priests have gone into Indian coun-
cils even against the wishes of the Indians themselves, and
in violation of the intercourse laws of the United States, and
have spoken against the Government, its officers and its
schools and lauded Catholicism and Catholic schools.

I charge that the Catholic priests have systematically
visited the parents of Indian children in the Government
schools and poisoned their minds by false representations
against such schools.

I charge that the Catholic priests have attempted, by in-
sidious methods, to both persuade and intimidate, against Gov-
ernment schools, Indian children who had been in Government
schools and expected to return thereto.

I charge that Catholic priests, exercising imperious au-
thority over ignorant Indians have forbidden said Indians to
send their children to the Government schools and have com-
manded against educating their children at all, unless they

VOL. 16

were educated in Catholic schools.

The priests doing these things have in almost every case
been foreign born, many of them of recent importation.

These and much more on the same line show an organized pur-
pose, emanating from one control to overthrow the great prin-
ciples upon which our Government was established and is con-
ducted, to breed mutiny and array against the Government its
savage, dependent and ignorant wards.

This letter, with the fullest knowledge of its import and
responsibility, is conscientiously written for just such uses
as you, in your wisdom think best to make of it.

I stand ready to substantiate these charges.

With great respect,

Your obedient servant,

Capt. 10, Cav'y,
Supt.

256

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January 28, 1900.

Dear Mr. Campbell:

I wrote Primeas Briggs I could not take
a boy from his classes here, now, even if he could attend an-
other school.

When at Churchville, if you have not already been, see J.M.
Cornell, who has applied for one of our boys. In case you
have been, drop a line to Mr. Lefferts, and make inquiry about
Mr. Cornell.

We already have over 10 applications, good ones, for the
early Spring outing.

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269

January 28, 1890.

Thomas J. Morgan,
Comm'rs of Ind. Aff.'s,
Washington, D. C.

Dear General:

Your notice in regard to keeping February 8, in commemoration of the Dawes' Bill, came so late that we are quite crowded to get ready to present any kind of a program, and I have thought best to remain at home until after that, as there was nothing pressing in Washington, to take me there.

We are pulling through the "Grip" followed by Pneumonia, in excellent order, and we have, outside of that, the best health of any Winter since we began.

On going over my returned pupils list, for all tribes I find that out of 482 pupils returned prior to January 1, '88, 388 are living, which is a loss of a little less than 20 per cent. If we could get at the exact statistics of Catholic schools, both Mission and Contract, with as much certainty as we can at our own, I feel sure we should stand very much ahead of them. But we can't do that because they have only been in the school business 4 years, to any extent.

VOL. 16

January 29, 1890.

Rev. W. H. Morrow,

St. John's Church, Carlisle, Pa.

My dear sir:

Julia Long is untruthful, Louisa Smith is unreliable and loose, Julia Walking Crane is disobedient; recently very ugly in her conduct. Minnie Topi has just been under punishment for dishonesty. I think these four ought to be on probation for a time.

With these remarks I leave the matter entirely in your hands and will send all the students you named, immediately after school, to-day, unless I am advised by you to the contrary.

VOL. 16

January 29, 1890.

Frances C. Sparhawk,

Newton Centre, Mass.,

Dear Miss Sparhawk:

I return your "Indian Nemesis". Your idea in regard to the transfer of Government management to E-catholicism, establishing the Nation's incapacity for self-government is a good one, but I do not think best to use the article in the Red Man.

I saw your "Next step in the outing system" and hope, (as I established the system) that, I may not only be able to take the next step, but to indicate what that step shall be.

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274

January 29, 1890.

Ica Johnson,

Baxter Springs, Kansas,
My dear Miss Johnson:

You know that our school period here,
is five years, unless pupils graduate or become sick and not
equal to going through. Your sister Eva has graduated and is
of course entitled to return home if things cannot be adjusted otherwise. The others having been here less that Five
years are not entitled to return, and there is no good reason
why we should break in upon the rules of the school and make
an exception.

It is certainly a very strange policy on the part of your
parents, when they are so entirely relieved of the care and
education of their children, and all is going on so well with
them. I should have to submit the case to the Commissioner
with all the reasons, and I know that they could not return
at Government expense, except Eva. I write this for your
further consideration and action in the matter.

Sincerely your friend,

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276

January 29, 1890.

Henry J. Kendall,

Rutgers College, N. J.,

My dear Henry:

Should it prove that you are to be kept
from your school any length of time, I suggest that you come
here and take hold of such carpenter work as we may be able
to give you to do, which will be purely muscular and I think
advantageous to you. Talk with Dr. Gates about it.

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279

February 3, 1890.

Gen. R. H. Milroy,

(Olympia, Washington,
My dear General:

I am greatly pleased to see the strong move in favor of your retirement. I can do something to forward it, and will. I have just returned from Washington, and in conference with Senator Dawes, he was greatly exercised about what should be done in relation to the affairs between the Payallup Indians and a Railroad and other infringing interests upon their Reservation at Tacoma Bay.

I spoke of your knowledge of Indian affairs on the Pacific Coast and especially of these particular Indians, and you have been both Superintendent and Agent. He expressed a desire to know what you thought about it, and I told him that I would write you and find out.

Measures are pending and the Senator is of course anxious to do what is best for all parties concerned. Will you please write me as early as you can what you think ought to be done. I saw a plan of a Railroad from which it would appear that the Railroad intended to get the whole of the water front from the Indians for a mere song. With cordial greetings to Mrs Mil-

roy, Your unswerving friend,

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283

February 3, 1890.

Permelia Charles,

Juniata, Perry Co., Pa.,

Dear Madam:

I received the application of your daughter
and have to respectfully inform you that we are preparing to
make use of some of our own students, in the near future.

My applications are very numerous, and the regulations of the
Indian Office require that old employees who have demonstrated
their ability for the work should be employed.

Taking these into account I see no chance to give you any
encouragement in reference to the employment of your daughter.

Very truly yours,

Capt. & Supt.

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285

February 3, 1890.

Rev. Jas. R. Lente,
Washingtonville, N. Y.,

Dear sir:

I thank you for your frank letter.

I do favor "the Indians being absorbed into the body of the American citizens" and that too by the shortest and most expeditious route. I have had now, nearly 23 years experience in managing Indians and am pretty well acquainted, by observation, with the condition in which their communities live, nearly everywhere East of the Rocky Mountains and with the condition of many West of the Rocky Mountains, and if there is a community of Indians within the limits of the United States presenting anything like a typical model, or the promise of one, on the lines which you seem to believe, it has not fallen within my knowledge.

In my judgment your hope, that any community can ever be formed out of any tribe or any part of a tribe, is purely visionary. It may be that we have had some tribes which seemed to enthusiasts to exhibit high traits of morals and dignity of character, but when the glamour had been stripped from the accounts of the discoverers, like Catlin of whom you write, and we have gotten at the real facts, we have found the Indian to be human through and through, and on a very low plane

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at that, because of the ignorance and superstition which has
made him the savage he was and is.

In the contrasts you draw between the Indian and the Negro, and the allegations you make in regard to the distribution of the Negro, the positions are not well taken. The Negro has never been distributed and become a self-reliant individual citizen, and although by law he is a citizen, in fact he is not. There are no localities North or South where Negro citizenship is entirely untrammelled. Citizenship should mean equal opportunity and the broadest liberty.

I suggest you consider the conditions of the tribes in
your own State. Read the last report of the Superintendent
of Public Instruction; read the report of the Legislative Com-
mittee which inquired into their condition recently.

These are tribes which have been segregated and upon which
the Church, backed by the State, has had full sway. After nearly a Century they appear to be only standing monuments, emulating the Church and the Nation, for deceit and falsehood in their respective methods and treatment of them.

The Church thanks the Lord that we are all created of one
flesh and blood, but all its acts and what it does for the
Indians shows (as the Indians and everybody else can see) that
it has no faith in its own flesh and blood principle. Your
letter indicates that you do not.

The Nation says all men are created free and equal, and

VOL. 16

then enslave the Negro and imprisons the Indian.

In my judgment we build falsely and to our hurt when we establish or by any means whatever confirm tribal systems of any sort, and we do this whenever we attempt to make of them separate model communities. Tribal schools attempt this an absolute, absolutely everywhere. Fraternity, unity, equality for all lines is our only safety, and the only method promising a solution and an end.

Yours truly,

February 3, 1890.

Chas. F. Ashley,

Indian Agent, Darlington, I. T.,

Sir:

Doty Seward telegraphed me about the date of
your letter (Jan. 27) and I replied that Bird had
of the "Grippe" followed by rheumatism. He was then quite
entirely restored.

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288

February 3, 1890.

Beneville Hoyer,
Berrysburg, Pa.,

Dear sir:

The pipe I sent you was made by the great Sioux tribe in Dakota. I got it of Sitting Bull's people of Standing Rock.

Your friend,

February 3, 1890.

Madoe Wind,
San Carlos, Arizona,

My dear Madoe:

I got your letter and am glad to hear that you are getting on so well; that you are "Sticking to it". As you get the Helper there is not much for me to write you, except that some of the Apache boys are wishing to stay at Carlisle still longer, for which I am very glad. Remember me to the returned boys.

Your friend,

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290

February 4, 1890.

Rev. Jas. F. Cross,
Rosebud, S. Dakota,

Dear sir:

Your article on Agents goes into our present
Red Man. Thank you for it, and we shall be glad to hear from
you on Indian matters always. Indian management is in a trans-
ition state, and there is much being said on all sides.

Usually, as in such cases many who say the most know the
least, and it is important that those who do know should speak
out. I think it fair to claim that the Government is just as
honest in its intentions as any one else. If at times there
appears a selfish motive anywhere, it should not be a sur-
prise: "We are all poor critters" you know. I am glad to
hear the estimate you place on Carlisle's returned students;
sorry, of course, such estimate should be arrived at through com-
parison. Genoa suffers through the change of Superintendents
and employes, and I think too, suffers from its proximity to
the Indians, because of the difficulty of keeping them for
continued effort.

I thank you for your kindly offer of service. We are send-
ing out so many students that it is hardly practicable for us
to maintain espoinage over them individually.

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2-

I am preaching and practicing so far as my powers go, the principles of freedom for Indians. To free them from ignorance and from the bondage of their tribal customs which breed ignorance, is about the extent of my ambition, and in this I feel we are not divided.

I shall be especially thankful for suggestions that may occur to you from your experience in the field, and if I can serve you at this end advise me.

February 3, 1890.

J. K. Proudfit,
Kansas City, Mo.,

Dear Sir:

I am not in need of a chief clerk
at present.

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292

February 6, 1890.

Gen. Thos. J. Morgan,
Commissioner,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear General:

In Philadelphia yesterday, one of my trustees who has aided the school considerably, said to me, that he and his wife would start for Japan the first of March, to be absent 4 months, and wanted the company of myself and Mrs Pratt, and that he could do the school more good this year by giving me a rest than in any other way; besides they were anxious to have our company.

It is the opportunity of a life time, and as my leaves of absence in more than 11 years since beginning here, have been less than 4 months, I feel that I have some claims.

It seems a little unfortunate for me to go away just now, but it has always seemed so and probably always will. I am not prepared to make a direct application for leave until I hear from Mrs Pratt, who is in Denver, but I thought best to write you at once. I can arrange matters here so that Mr. Standing can manage very well. Please on the receipt of this advise me of your views. I write you fully how we can get the children out of Montana. If the plan suggested does not entirely succeed I can make up the deficiency on my return.

Yours Sincerely,

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293

February 7, 1890.

Kish Hawkins,

Marietta College, Ohio,

Dear Kish:

I send you $20. I wish you would furnish me an account of the $50. and also keep a careful account of the expenditure of this $20.

I am very glad that Sam is recovered and hope you are both getting on well. My conference with the Commissioner resulted in a favor of you and Hattie and when you are well located, and the way is all open before you we shall not ask for Long Wolf's consent. I have a little plan in regard to the matter which we will carry out, and which will make all things right with Long Wolf, when the time comes.

Send me your receipt for the $20.

Your friend,

VOL. 16

February 7, 1890.

Miss CORA M. Folsom,
Hampton Institute, Va.,
Dear Miss Folsom:

I will loan you Otto Zetom, who is the best K Iowa boy we have for your purpose, with the understanding that you keep him up in his studies.

I can get a round-trip ticket to either Baltimore or Washington, at half rate. A round-trip to Washington will be $4.34. Otto has been with us 7 years and is well advanced in his studies, and perfectly capable of making the trip alone.

February 7, 1890.

Henry J. Kendall,
Rutgers College,
New Brunswick, N. J.,

My dear Henry:

Your letter in itself gives evidence of your improvement. There is not that head shakiness about it that your other two letters had, and I do hope that you are quite your own self again. I am still of the opinion that you had the "gripes", from which we have all suffered so much.

Your friend,

294

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297

February 7, 1890.

A. M. Graves,
Supt., Uintah Agency,
White Rocks, Utah.

My dear Sir:

I do not think it would be practicable to place
the boy you have, to learn a jeweller's trade. I find it al-
most impossible to get our students in as apprentices to me-
chanical trades, and while there are so many able-bodied ap-
rents for every place open, I do not think it would be
possible to place the boy. In our own shops we do not have
room enough for the students already here, so that the way
does not seem open for your use.

I have no Manual for Arms. We have no Arms. I use the
regular Army Tactics for foot drill without Arms. I think
you could get a copy of the Manual by writing to the Adjutant
General of the Army, stating what you need.

We make our own clothing for the students. Jeans and Ker-
sey. I should think the Department might have blue Kersey
suits, such as we use, made for you just as well as the Jeans
and it would be cheaper, besides being far more comfortable.

Wish I could pay you a visit in your snow walled home and
enjoy some of the fine fishing, of which I am exceedingly fond

VOL. 16

301

February 10, 1890.

J. H. Friend,
Secretary,
Western Penn. Phonograph Co.,

146, 5th. Avenue, Pittsburg, Pa.

Dear sir:

I see that I am in for it and succumb as gracefully as I can; but after October 5, next I shall not want more than one Phonograph, perhaps not any.

I shall only pay for the Phonographs from the date of the receipt of the last ones, which was the first we began to receive anything like proper service.

Very truly yours

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VOL. 16

February 10, 1890.

Dr. R. B. Karib,

3929 Baltimore Ave., Phila.,

My dear Doctor:

Mrs Pratt not being strong is now in Denver with our oldest daughter, and sends me your letter, asking me to reply. We are glad to hear from you and Richenda was delighted to get the little evidence of your remembrance. She has been in poor health for some time.

We have had a very heavy dose of La Grippe; more than 400 cases in all among our students and employes, but only one has died, yet a considerable number have been very sick, Pneumonia and Rheumatism following the attack.

Had it not been for La Grippe our health at the school would have been extraordinarily good.

We are very much interested in your welfare, and I hope if you come this way again we may be so fortunate as to see you at the school.

303

February 10, 1890.

Dear Pres't Gates:

After a conference with Henry I have concluded it would be best to adopt the first course you suggested, let him go home and remain until Fall.

He earnestly assures me of his great desire to continue, and graduate at Rutgers, and that he will have no difficulty in shaping affairs at his home so as to come back in the Fall. Nor will his parents do otherwise than favor it. I have therefore telegraphed for a ticket and he will start to-morrow. I am under a good deal of pressure just now. Dr. and Mrs. Dorchester are here, inspecting, and I am preparing to take a long absence.

Dr. M. E. Gates,

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VOL. 16

February 10, 1890.

Col. Walter G. Marmon,
Laguna, New Mexico,

My dear Colonel:

It distresses me not a little that I am
compelled to report to you the death of Harry. You have had
from Miss Seabrook, the nurse at the Hospital, full accounts
of his complaint. He was unable to rally from the loss of so
much blood. We had every reason to hope for a favorable out-
come until within a few hours of his death.

If it had been possible to determine in the start, the dan-
ger he was in, it would have been exceedingly precarious to
have started him home, for the reason that the hemorrhage might
come on, and he bleed to death enroute.

He knew his danger toward the last and told his friends
among the Pueblo boys that he did not expect to recover.
His death was painless. He went to sleep and died without
waking. I laid him away in our little graveyard where Lena is
and have both graves marked with grave stones suitably in-
scribed.

Most sincerely yours

305

February 10, 1890.

Holey McIntosh,
Eufala, I. T.,

My dear sir:

I submitted your letter to the lady who has
charge of the small boys, who says that while John is no small-
er than some others she has, it is her judgment that if his
parents are in condition to take care of him, it would be best
to return him, as he is such a little fellow to be away from
his mother. I concur in her views and think he can go
through alone, if he is providee with the means. You had
better send $25., and any balance there may be above cost of
his transportation, I will return, or turn it over to Millie
as you desire. His expenses while here are nothing.

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307

February 12, 1890.

Gen. Thos. J. Morgan,
Com'r of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear General:

I cannot finally conclude in regard to the pupils from Montana until I decide definitely whether I go to Japan or not. I expected to hear from Mrs Pratt yesterday, but I suppose she will defer her decision until Marion's affair is over. This explains why I have not returned your letter. I return herewith, with the alterations I think should be made. My letter to you did not contemplate the use of Agents in conducting pupils East, as you seem to infer. I said that Agents might bring or send them in? I have had exactly the same answer from the Indian Office to the very same proposition before and I realize there is an inimical influence in the Office.

Whatever the party who suggested to you, may think of it, I know it would be an advantage to the service to bring about just what I suggest. It sometimes happens that Agents want to come East, and not having very large pay they would be glad to escort a party of pupils to Carlisle in order to get their expenses covered to Washington, and certainly there would be no impropriety in this. It more frequently happens that they have employes who for special reasons ought to take

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2-

a trip East. There certainly would be no impropriety when
such visits are contemplated and necessary, in covering the
expenses of an Agency employe as escort for a party. Every
visit of Agents or Agency employes to Carlisle will expand
the school sentiment on right lines.

It will not be best to use Mr. Kennerly for any except the
Black Feet Agency. There, I think, he can do as well for us
as any one.

I feel that there is one clause in your letter which will
paralyze greatly the effort to get pupils as we contemplate,
and that is the clause where you tell the Agents your inten-
tion to provide education on the Reservation for the great
mass. Even if you continue to have the intention you ex-
press, your intention to carry out your purpose loses nothing
by your not expressing it now, so that I think if you leave
that out we will meet with better success. If you leave it
in the Agents will forthwith say that if they can have their
children in school on the Reservation, that is all that will
be necessary and that they only need Carlises there to fin-
ish up the problem in short order. That is always the feel-
ing of beginners.

There should be a clause instructing Agents to co-operate
with me or with my agent, as I have indicated. My notion
now is, that if I go to Japan I had better send one of my em-

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309

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ployes direct to Montana at once, unless you can change your
mind to concur with me, that Agents may either bring or send
pupils in.

I shall come to Washington as soon as my personal matters
are definitely settled, as I have something to talk to you
about in reference to the transportation.

Respectfully yours,

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310

February 12, 1890.

Miss Cora M. Folsom,
Hampton Institute,
Hampton, Va.,

Dear Miss Folsom:

I send Otto Zotom by to-morrow's early train, so that he may reach Washington about noon, take the evening boat and go forward to Hampton, reaching Hampton the following morning. Otto is a member of our Band and I shall be glad if while he is there he were allowed to practice with the Band in order not to lose his place here. I send you also a report of his standing in the school.

I have provided him with a round-trip ticket to Washington at a cost of $4.34. He will account to you for the balance.

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311

February 12, 1890.

Spotted Horse,
Fort Supply, Ind. Terr.,

Dear friend:

Ledante is getting on nicely. She is in an
excellent family; goes to school and is on the best of terms
with the white children in the school. The people where she
is, write very kindly about her. Ledante has been very sav-
ing and has quite a little sum of money to her credit. I
will see that every dollar she earns is paid to her, you need
not fear. She has already sent here and placed in Bank some-
thing of her savings.

I am glad to hear from time to time from my old friends,
the Cheyennes and Arapahoes, especially those at Cantonement
and on the Washita. The Railroads are coming near; white
people are crowding around you and you will have to look sharp
to hold your places.

The children entitled to return this year, will not be sent
until July because the money for their transportation will
not be available until then. Before that time I will con-
sider fully what you say.

Your friend,

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312

February 12, 1890.

L. H. Irvine,
Editor Young Californian,
San Francisco, Calif.,

Dear sir:

I send to you the story of her life written by one of our Apache girls. She did the whole of it without assistance and I think best to send it to you just as she has written it. Her photograph is sent with it. I send also, a contrast picture of a party of young Apaches as they arrived at Carlisle and as they appeared 4 months later.

These contrast pictures have attracted great attention in the East and may do something to ease off the violence of Public opinion on the Pacific Coast, if you produce them on your photo-type process. If you think you want more of this sort we can give you.

I would suggest a small remuneration to Nellie for what she has done, which would be a stimulus and encouragement to others. The photographs need not be returned.

Very truly yours

Capt. & Supt.

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315

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 16

February 13, 1890.

Mrs Chester Bancroft,

44 Carroll St. Wooster, Mass.,

My dear friend:

I have been intending for quite a number of
weeks to write to you but press of duties, illness and ab-
sence from home have interfered.

I have desired to report to you the progress of students
who, through your beneficence, are attending high school, and
also to send you the words of good cheer from those who have
them in charge. I enclose to you letters from Clara Faber
and Cecelia Londrosh, and from Dr. Lyte, principal of the Nor-
nal school where they attend. I also enclose a letter from
Kish Hawkins and his fiancée, and from Gen. Eaton, Pres't of
Marietta College. You will see from Kish's letter and the
letter of Hattie, that my plans for Kish are likely to be over-
thrown. I do not lament this, nor would I in any way inter-
rupt it. Kish can do well most anywhere within the limits of
civilization, and I consider that for a Cheyenne Indian to
break off from his tribe, and work out his own salvation a-
mong our own people, is an example of such vast importance as to
warrant all the sacrifice of my other plans, this calls for.

It now appears best to give Cecelia special training in
short hand and type writing, with a view of her filling some

316

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clerical position. Were she prepared, as she may be within
the next year, I would gladly offer her a position at 850, a
month and could easily get her a more remunerative position
elsewhere. She takes more kindly to this than she does to
teaching. Clara is developing considerable musical talent,
which will be quite the thing for her in connexion with her
teaching. I have placed one of our girls into training as
a nurse, in the Penn. Hospital, in Philadelphia. Both the
girls in Hartford continue to be most highly spoken of, and
I am hopeful that we shall succeed in developing the medical
ability you desire.

The two young men about whom I wrote as desiring to go to
College with a view to the Law, will graduate this year.

Our school, this year has been especially prosperous in
every way. Our numbers have been close to 700 and I have had
the help of an especially good corps of assistants.

With sentiments of the greatest respect and esteem,

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317

February 13, 1890.

H. C. Ford,
Supt.,
Osage School, I. T.,

Dear sir:

I enclose a copy of our graded nn system. As we are largely industrial I have no difficulty in disposing of the students between 4 P. M. and bed time. Our school is divided into two parts along the lines of the grades and classification, so that a teacher with 40 pupils in her school will have about 20 in the forenoon and the remainder in the afternoon. The half not in school in the morning are at work in the shops; in the afternoon the two sections are reversed.

Mondays, Tuesdays and Wednesday nights we have a study period from 7 to 8 o'clock, so that the play time is before school in the mornings for the morning pupils and after school in the afternoons for the afternoon pupils. Thursday nights are for societies and such free uses as the students care to make of the evenings. Once a month on Friday nights we have declamation exercises, and once a month on Friday evening we have a general school sociable. The other Friday evenings of the month are open to lectures or entertainments that we may be able to capture. Saturday evenings I use for lectures on English speaking &c., and for singing practice.

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318

February 14, 1890.

J. H. French,

146, 5th. Ave., Pittsburg, Pa.,

Dear sir:

Replying to yours of the 10, I have to say most
emphatically, I will not pay for the time we had the imper-
fect phonographs, and the difficulty I am having with the two
last is such as to discourage me with the use of them, in trans-
acting business. The one that started off so well has since
then gotten off the track and I can't get it on, and it takes
more time, twice over, tinkering with it than it would to
write out in long hand what I desire to say.

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319

February 12, 1890.

Samuel Townsend,

Marietta College,
Marietta, Ohio,

Dear Sammy:

Thank you for your good long letter. Your aims are all right but just now you want to give yourself up entirely to your school work. Remember that "sufficient un-to the day is the evil thereof", and while anticipation is a great boon to the human family it is not right for us under its delirium enticements to neglect or forget in any way the evil of to-day, but attend to it.

I am glad you are jolly over your affairs, and enjoy, not a little, your projected Eastern expedition. It would educate you tremendously. I have no doubt now, that you and Kish both, have such courage of your convictions that whatever you start out to do in this life, you will be entirely capable of doing.

It is important you should not overdo where you are and yet it is important that you should do what you can. Henry Kендall has just been compelled to give up at Rutgers for the balance of this year. French until midnight did it. You had better be at the bottom of your class, than to break down.

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320

February 14, 1890.

The Trinidad Asphalt Block Co.,
129 South Front St., Phila.,

Gentlemen:

I can do nothing in the matter of paving until Congress appropriates, and when appropriated it cannot be used until after the first of July, next, because it will, be for the next fiscal year and the fiscal year does not begin until July 1st.

I shall be able to handle the work myself and should only need that the blocks or bricks or whatever I may use, be delivered on our school siding.

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321

February 14, 1890.

Rush Leaming,

Ass't Sec'y W. Cong. Ass'n

814, 15th. St., Washington, D. C.,

My dear sir:

The annual reports of this school are printed
in connexion with the report of the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs. As I suppose you have a complete file of these I
do not think it will be necessary for me to send them to you.

We print a paper here, in the interests of the Indian and
our work, which comes out monthly. A copy of this I have
ordered sent to you. We always send it to every member of
Congress.

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322

February 14, 1890.

Phebe Howell,
Penn. Hospital, Phila.,

My dear Phebe:

I was very sorry to have to come away from
the Hospital without again seeing you, but I had so many places
to go to and I spent so much time going around the hospital,
and then I had to return on the evening train.

I felt more satisfied to leave you so, than I would have
felt because I had made arrangements for your full entrance
into the Hospital. Mrs Hentze was very kind and nice about
it all, and so was Mr. Morris. Both of them are quite inter-
ested in you, and you have only to go forward and do your work
willingly and all will be well.

I shall not fail to see you when I am in Philadelphia, and
you must write often to Miss Irvine and to me, so that we may
know how you are getting on. It did me lots of good to see
you so perfectly happy, and to see too that you had increased
in flesh. Your face looks very much fuller than when you
went to the Hospital.

I am planning to go with Mrs. Pratt and Mr. and Mrs. Mor-
ris to Japan quite early in March, but before I go I must hear
from Mrs. Pratt who is in Denver with Marion. And now, dear

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2-

Phebe, I hope you will give yourself up to the business you
have chosen and not mind what Jimmy Muire or any one else says.
Go ahead and get your hospital training. It will be invaluable
to you, in any event.

With much love to you and with kind remembrance to Mrs
Hentze,

Faithfully your friend,

February 14, 1890.

R. T. Davis,
Secretary

26 Broadway, N. Y.

My dear sir:

As it will not be practicable for me to be
at your Indian Meeting, I return herewith the tickets of en-
trance you so kindly sent, in order that you may use them else-
where.

VOL. 16

324

VOL. 16

February 14, 1890.

Benj. S. Coppock, Supt.

Chilocco Indian School,
Arkansas City, Kansas,

My dear Coppock:

I can't tell you how pleasant it is to have
received your good long letter by this morning's mail. I can
understand fully the difficulties under which you labor, and
can realize that it takes a great deal of time to clear away
the rubbish and get into proper shape. I believe you have
a grand field. The only thing needed to make Carlisle a more
perfect success in every way, is the 11,000 acres of land that
you have at Chilocco. With that here, I should feel inde-
pendent of the world almost and Congress too. As it is I
am cramped in every way about farming land. My escape is
through the outing system, and that is a grand one. One
to
that you probably can never use much advantage about Chilocco.

When I have a chance in Washington I shall stand for you,
for every dollar that you ask for, you can depend upon that;
and I sincerely trust that Congress will give you the full
appropriation to put up the new buildings you contemplate.

The objection that I had to the establishment of Chilocco
is fast being removed, through the surrounding settlements,
and when the Territory is broken up and becomes a State Chi-

325

loco may become one of the foremost places for the education
of Indian children, in my opinion. I trust that the break-
ing up is in the near future. You are making your way a-
mong those in authority as I can assure you by personal knowl-
edge.

We have a full school this Winter, and beside the "Grippe"
have had most excellent health. I am now contemplating a
trip to Japan, to be absent until July. This, through the
kindness of one of you Quakers. I am expecting a telegram
hourly, about my daughter's confinement. Mrs Pratt is in Den-
ver now with our daughter, and is to go to Japan with me if
I go.

Yours most cordially,

VOL. 16

333

February 21, 1890.

Coulon,
Oneida, Wis.,

my friend:

Your daughter Sophia had La Grippe but is in quarters again and will soon be as well as before she was taken sick. We have had over 400 cases of this disease, and but one death, and that was one of the students who was not strong when the disease attacked him.

VOL. 16

334

February 21, 1890.

Dear Nana:

I send you herein check for $30. I have
written Mrs Ballard fully and kindly, and trust that she will
meet you and settle with you in the spirit of my letter.

I have an apprehension that things have not been well man-
aged by you. Her refusal seems most extraordinary. If on
receipt of this and your further conference with her, she
still refuses to deal with you equitably and return you a just
proportion, you may come home at once, with the money I herein
send.

VOL. 16

335

February 21, 1890.

Mrs Ballard,

Female Institute,
Atlanta, Ga.,

Dear Mrs Ballard:

Mrs Pratt and I are offered the great pleasure of a trip to Japan, as the guests of friends. It affords an opportunity for a rest and change that I have needed for several years. The greatest problem that we have to deal with is our little Richenda and the care of some other matters here.

It has been my habit to allow my children to make their own arrangements and take care of them selves, and I have, as you have probably seen, accorded this to our Nare: giving her full right to make her own arrangements about school and paying her own bills. I find that she can serve us better than any body else, by coming home and taking the responsibility referred to above. I telegraphed her from Washington yesterday to get you to eqitably refund and come home at once. She telegraphed me you refused to refund.

I can hardly believe that you would desire pay when service is not rendered. Such a position I fear would hardly stand the test. Unfortunately, it was only yesterday that I could settle fully that I could go on this trip, and must

VOL. 16

336

start on Friday next, the 28th, catching up Mrs Pratt on the way. I trust, my dear Mrs Ballard that you will re-consider your decision and will do what is right by Nana, for I consider the business hers, and that you will let her come home at once on receipt of this.

I am pleased to know from both Nana's letters and Mrs Pratt that Nana has made valuable gain, and were it not that our future requires me to take this absence and to arrange accordingly I should be pleased to have her continue with you. I beg to assure you that there is no feeling of discontent or dissatisfaction, either on my part or Mrs Pratt's, and trust that there may not be reason for any.

Sincerely yours,

VOL. 16

February 22, 1890.

J. S. Brown,

Canton, Ohio,
Box 863,

My dear Professor:

I am delighted to know that you will come to us, and that you prefer August, for I start on Friday next for Japan not to return until the end of July, and I certainly want to be here when your class is in session. You can depend on our giving you every facility in our power, and upon a most hearty welcome.

You had better write to me at once, about the number of people you will have and I will make some preliminary arrangements in regard to their entertainment.

VOL. 16

338

February 21, 1890.

Charley Dagnette

Pooner, Ottawa Reserve,

Indian Territory.

My dear Charley:

I am so glad to hear that you are improving in health. I anticipate a good many useful years for you, if you are only discreet in food, in exercise, in protection of the body and all things that go to make up a happy, healthy life.

I start with Mrs Pratt for Japan, on Friday the 28, inst. to be gone until the end of July. If you will make up a careful, good party, half boys and half girls, which the Agent can certify to us as being entitled to the privileges of our school, and worthy in every respect, you can depend upon our taking as many as 16.

They must be over 12 and under 18 years of age, in good health and of good character. The Agent should know about it and sanction it in every way. The best way to secure this, is for the parents to tell him how they want their children to come to Carlisle. I can send you the necessary blanks, soon after I return, and arrange the transportation, and would be perfectly satisfied to trust you to bring them in.

Now, my boy, a long good bye, for soon, if my plans carry all right the great Pacific Ocean will be between us for several

VOL. 16

340

February 21, 1890.

To: John Robinson

Sisseton Agency, S. Dakota,

My dear Friend.

Your of the 17, is just received, and oppor-
tinely, by the hand of my clerk, I can reply at once.

It is a pleasure to hear from you and know of your well-
fare. I often wish I could help you in some way, but am great-
ly taxed. If in your work among the Indians there you should
find a few good children who would like to come to Carlisle
I would be glad to receive them. We are running our numbers
up for the ensuing year and expect to carry not far from 800.

I have just returned from Washington. I hear about the
Sisseton measure. It will probably be ratified. I take
pleasure in sending you the Red Man and Helper both, free.
We don't receive them or if you change Post Offices advise
And now I must tell you that Mrs Pratt and I expect to
arrive at San Francisco, March 11, for Japan, to be ab-
soil the end of July. I anticipate great pleasure as
long needed rest.

Best cordial greetings to Mrs Robinson,

VOL. 16

341

February 23, 1890.

John W. Cramsie,
U. S. Indian Agent,
Devils Lake Agency, Dak.,

Dear sir:

It was a very great pleasure to me and has been
to my students to send you the $550. Your check has arriv-
ed and has been honored. I am obliged to you for the cor-
dial letter from your students and from you. I read them to
our students and they were printed in our little paper, a copy
herewith.

It is due to our students to say that when the case was
laid before them they replied instantly and unanimously, and
without objection, on motion of one of the students, voted to
send 10 per cent of their earnings, which made the $550.

Very truly yours

Capt. & Supt.

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343

February 22, 1890.

Good Bear,

Darlington, Ind. Terr.,

My good friend:

I have just had a talk with your son who
seems quite determined to stay here the full 5 years for
which he says he came. Paul is one of our very best boys
and I am glad to have him with us. He is manly, industrious
and is making good progress. You have reason to be proud of
such a son.

VOL. 16

344

February 22, 1890.

Appleton & Co.,

1,3 & 5 Bond Street N. Y.,

gentlemen:

I am just about leaving for an absence of 5 months, to take a much needed rest. A glance through your book "Exercises in Wood Work" does not reveal that it is specially suited to our ideas of Industrial training, for ordinary technical schools working more upon theoretical lines is undoubtedly an excellent guide. We use the old apprenticeship system which is much better for our class of students

Very truly yours

Capt. & Supt.

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345

February 22, 1890.

H. A. Bray,
T.P.A.,

29 South 6th. St., Phila.

My dear sir:

I have just returned from Washington. On the road over from Harrisburg I met your Bonivita, who promised to see some one on his return to New York on Monday and telegraph me. As I agreed to wait until I heard from him, and he would telegraph, I will do so. No doubt the special rate you named for Government employes is the best I could do.

Thanking you for the interest in the matter, I am,

VOL. 16

349

February 22, 1890.

Miss Floretta Shields,
Laguna, N. M.,

Dear Madam:

Yours in regard to John By-a received. You had better let the officials of the Village present the case, when it will be considered. As the transportation funds for this Fiscal year are exhausted, John's return, in any event can hardly be considered before July.

In relation to the other matter you spoke of, I shall be obliged to you for the very important information which you claim to have. You owe it to the cause to speak plainly.

I should be sorry to feel that you too are governed by any statement made by John Menaul, who I am told talks in the manner you indicate. He was severely punished here for that offense, and what he may say ought not to weigh with any one.

Whatever the students may do at Laguna, they are very proper in their conduct here.

Very truly yours

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 16

February 24, 1890.

Honorable Redfield Proctor,
Secretary of War,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear Sir:

I expect to leave for Japan on the 28, inst. for an absence of 5 months in company with Mrs Pratt and Mr. Wistar Morris and wife of Philadelphia and his cousin, a Miss Haines. It will be a material help to us and add to the pleasure of the trip if I could have official introduction to our Minister in Japan and the Consul of our Government.

It is possible also that I may take a run to Hongkong and see something of China, in which case an introduction to our Officials there would also be valuable. I beg you will use your good offices with the Honorable Secretary of State to secure some introductions. The document or documents should reach me not later than Thursday, the 26th.

With great respect,

VOL. 16

352

February 24, 1890.

Honorable John W. Noble,
Secretary of the Interior,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear Sir:

I called at your house Wednesday night before
you left, hoping to see you, and I fear by my persistence I
disturbed Mrs Noble. The boy who came to the front base-
ment door said he thought that you were at home and had not
retired. I expressly told him I wanted to see you, and that
if you had retired I could see you in the morning.

I wished to explain that I had been invited, in company
with Mrs Pratt, to go, practically, as guests on a trip to
Japan. That, having been in the Indian work over 15 years
with less than 4 months leave, and having been Ten and a half
years at Carlisle with really only 42 days leave, and most of
that time being spent in the Indian country, and really in the
interests of the school, I felt a great need of entire rest,
and this opportunity seemed to exactly fit my case. I told
Mr. Pope that I would endeavor to run down to Washington and see
you if I could know when you returned. He informs me you
are back, but as, if I go at all I must leave here on Friday
next it is not possible to spare the time for a trip to Wash-
ington. Commissioner Morgan left here to-day, having been

VOL. 16

355

February 25, 1890.

Miss Helen P. Clarke,

39 West 25, St., N. Y.,

My dear Miss Clarke:

Ever since the receipt of your letter I have
been in a whirl and rush on account of a proposed visit, in
company with Mrs. Pratt, to the great Empire of Japan.

It is now arranged that I leave here on Friday next, the
28, go by way of Denver, where, after seeing our new grand
child, I take up Mrs Pratt and joining our party at La Junta
go on to San Francisco, and on the 11, take the new, largest
and finest Steamer on the Pacific, the China, and proceed,
reaching Japan at the end of the month. We remain there un-
til the 6, of July and expect to reach home about the first
of August.

Both Mrs Pratt and I have long wanted to cross the briny
deep, and now have been so full of it since the opportunity
came it has almost swept everything else out of sight.

I have thought of you often and very much wished that I
might have a little conference with you before going away.
Commissioner Morgan has just been here and I told him it was
my desire to have a teacher in elocution the ensuing year.
He concedes it. Now, my dear Miss Clarke, I should feel that

VOL. 16

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2-

I was especially favored if I might secure you for the place.
Can you not at once, on receipt of this drop me a line so
that I may know before I leave on Friday.

Since you were here I have managed to grow up in the Department, a great interest in the Northern Montana Agencies and have arranged to bring in as many as 150 students from the 4 Agencies, Belknap, Peck, Blackfeet and Crow.

Mr. Kennerly is undertaking the party at Blackfeet, and it is to be left in the hands of Agents to bring or send in those from the other Agencies, but the entire management is left to me.

If you have any desire to try your hand at lassoeing young Indians I should be very glad to send you to Montana to help. Mr. Kennerly thinks he will be ready to start with his party by the middle of March, and I hope for as many as 40.

The other Agents are to be written to from Washington today and I write from here, but the whole management of the collecting and transporting them has been placed in my hands.

I have formed a warm attachment for your two manly little nephews.

Gardially yours

VOL. 16

358

February 25, 1890.

Dr. V. T. McGillycuddy,
Rapid City, Dakota,

My dear Doctor:

I have been hoping that you would turn up with-
in my range here in the East, as your letter of the 22 of Jan.
indicated. As you have not and as I leave on the 28, inst.
for 5 months absence in Japan I will just drop you a line to
say how much obliged I am for your good letter of encourage-
ment, which I used without prejudice to you, in our last Red
Man. I wish that you had control at Pine Ridge, and would do
anything in my power to bring it about. Things have gone
down greatly since you left. I had to a take a rest, and
was invited in company with Mrs Pratt to take a trip to Japan,
which seems to be just the change I ought to have after 15
years of incessant hammering away at the Indians. To get
the great Pacific Ocean between me and them seems a great piece
of good fortune. I leave here Friday and pick up Mrs Pratt
at Denver. We shall go from San Francisco on the new, and
largest Pacific Steamer, China. We leave Yokohama on our
return, July 5, reaching Carlisle on the first days of Au-
gust. If we were going to be at home I should be glad to
have you and Mrs McGillycuddy spend just as much time as you

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359

2-
could afford, and we should make it pleasant for you.

February 25, 1890.

John D. Miles
Indian Scouts
Fort Elliot, Texas,

My dear John:

I thank you for your good long letter and
the information about returned students. I must depend on
the Indian Helper to give you news from Carlisle, for Mrs
Pratt and I are expecting to leave on Friday next for Japan,
and I am very busy.

When I come back in August I shall be very glad to hear
from you again. Remember me kindly to all Carlisle boys
and girls.

Cordially your friend,

VOL. 16

360

February 25, 1890.

Wm. B. Harvey,
West Grove, Pa.,

My dear friend:

The arrangements are all made and I expect to leave here on Friday in company with Mr. & Mrs Wistar Morris for a trip of 5 months, three of which we shall spend in Japan, I stop at Denver for Mrs Pratt. I have introduction to the head of educational matters in Japan and expect to see much of the schools and also the Agricultural Colleges, and shall surely want to see the Guernseys.

I think you can confidently go forward with the plan you propose for Kish. Both he and Hattie are determined about it but do not expect to get married until Fall. Kish would like to begin work as soon as his College year is up. He is of age and capable. Is better educated than Richard; more retiring, and I think equally industrious and reliable.

May I leave this matter in your hands, to be consumated by direct correspondence with Kish?

I am sorry that I cannot drop in upon you at West Grove before starting, but that is not practicable.

With love to yourself and household and dependencies,

VOL. 16

361

February 25, 1890.

Hon. T. J. Morgan,
Commissioner of Ind. Aff'rs,
Washington, D. C.,

Sir:

I enclose herewith letter from Mr. Clark at
Fort Sill. Mr.Clark has been among the Kiowas and Comanches
many years, and has a very warm heart for them and a deep in-
terest in them. I esteem him one of the best men of his
class. I have always found him reliable and his views wor-
thy of careful consideration.

What he proposes was one of the favorite schemes of my good
Dr. Given. I should be pleased to see his recommendation act-
ed upon favorably.

Capt. 10, Cavalry
Supt.

VOL. 16

362

VOL. 16

February 25, 1890.

Mr. A. J. Ralston,

416 Montgomery St?
San Francisco, Calif.,

My dear Mr. Ralston:

Your kindly greeting and thought for us has been
before me, and I intended to acknowledge long ago, but have been
simply unable to meet the demands upon me. I only write
this to say I expect to be in San Francisco in company with
my wife by Friday, the 7, of March and will leave on the
Steamer, China, on the 11, for an absence of 5 months in Japan.

I hope that getting the great Pacific Ocean between me
and the Indians will be a real rest, which is something I
have not had for 15 years.

Sincerely yours

Capt. & Supt.

365

February 25, 1890.

E. L. Clark,

Fort Sill, I. T.,

My dear Clark:

In regard to what you propose in your letter of
the 8th., I had quite a talk with the Hon. Commissioner, who
spent Saturday, Sunday and Monday with me, here, and I have
referred your letter to him, asking his favorable investiga-
tion and action.

VOL. 16

371

February 26, 1890.

Hon. H. L. Dawes,
U.S.Senate,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear Senator Dawes:

I enclose Gen. Milroy's letter on the
subject of Indian lands at Tacoma, Washington, in reply to
my letter which I told you I would write.

I do most devoutly hope that my old commanding officer,
whose bravery and devotion gave me my first lessons in the be-
ginning days of the War, may meet with great generosity at
the hands of Congress. He was a hero of the most exalted
character, loyal and brave through and through. None of his
old soldiers that I know of, but what have felt <u>empathy</u> in his
was a case of the greatest hardship and injustice.

Now, about Carlisle matters. I leave here on Friday even-
ening for Japan by way of San Francisco, to be gone until
end of July. I have at the instance of the Commissioner
and Inspector Tinker and in accordance with my own judgment
asked by letter to the Commissioner dated the 15, of January

1st. To lay 3,000 square yards of walk with asphalt
bricks. I have asked only for money ($3,780) to purchase
the bricks, and I can do the rest.

2nd. For a new barn on the school farm. We need a big

VOL. 16

372

2-Dawes,

one and many conveniences. This will cost $7,000.

3rd. For a substantial Store building, to cost $4,500.

4th. For a new wagon and Blacksmith shop, to cost $2,600.

5th. For a substantial fence around grounds, cost $1,200.

6th. Commissioner Morgan desires that I should carry 1000 pupils next year on an appropriation of $100,000, outside transportation. This I can do, but we should have more room for girls. He was here and we are agreed to ask Congress for $10,000 to erect a suitable building for girls.

7th. In 1887, no provision was made therefor by Congress and having twice asked I started out and rebuilt and greatly changed the Large Boys' Quarters, erecting a brick building 300 ft. long 36 wide and 3 stories high, with abundant conveniences and 86 dormitory rooms, in which we place 3 boys each without crowding. I also erected a gymnasium of brick, with heavy walls 150 by 60 ft. The two buildings cost $22,000. My boys gave $4,351 and by diligent begging I raised over $15,000.

Begging is not pleasant duty for me and I have not taken it up since, feeling disposed the rather to pay the interest on the balance of the debt, $5,000. As I am going to push matters and shall have to call upon my friends to some extent, I have thought it proper to present this debt to Congress and ask that it be paid by appropriation. As I used my students largely in erecting these buildings, burning 200,000 of the

VOL. 16

373

3- Dawes,

brick required, the two buildings would be cheap for $30,000. They are on Government ground and will belong to the Government in any event, so that the Government gets $30,000 worth of buildings for $5,000. The total sum I have asked for improvements is $34,000. As compared with what has been done for Haskell each year for several years back, it is nothing. I have done the work; Haskell has not.

Last year our per capita cost, outside of transportation, was less than $135. This year it will be below $120. Next year as I have proposed, it will be $100. If you add to this the buildings and improvements, now asked it will be below $135. I am getting our students into American life. They are beginning to quit their tribes and are locating in the East. The outing system is a complete success. Last year we had 450 outings counting those in vacation. 250 good homes were offered where students could receive pay, which we could not supply because we had not the students. During the year our students earned over $12,000 for themselves.

When Agent Cramsie asked assistance for his starving Indians on the 11, of March I read his appeal to the students at their noon meal on the 12, and after a little discussion they unanimously voted to allow me to send 10 per cent of what they had in Bank to Agent Cramsie. I immediately telegraphed him to draw on me for $550. He did it on the 12.

VOL. 16

374

4-Dawes,

The newspaper allegations of mortality and the bad health are
not true. They are simply part of the scheme to hold Indians
to Indian life and bleed the Government. I enclose clip-
pings which I vouch for, covering health question, something
of the outing system, and meeting arguments against Eastern
and in favor of Western schools. This is a Church and Con-
tract school attack upon the Government's work. Neither
Church nor Contract schools do, or can do much to citizenize
the Indians. Look at the five tribes in the Indian Territo-
ry and those in New York.

American citizenship does not appear in the curriculum of
any church work within my knowledge from Elliot to the pres-
ent. The ruinous influence of vast sums of money to the dif-
ferent tribes has been secured under Church and sentimental
pressure. Bishop Whipple told the Sioux in '76 "We will feed
you forever" and we probably shall. Bishop Marty of the re-
cent Chippewa Commission, secured a bargain by which the Chip-
pewas will realize about $60,000,000, and they will die of
stagnation and rot as the Osages have.

It is the constant policy of the Churches to pull backon-
to the reservation, every progressive youth, consequently they
are in favor of home and tribal schools. It is a great wrong
to the Government and the Indians as well, to spend Govern-
ment money in educating Indians to be Indians and tribes.

VOL. 16

375

5-Dawes,

American citizenship with all its associations, opportunities and responsibilities should be the aim of every expenditure.

A public school system for the Indians, which means practically a tribal school system would be an invitation to them to continue Indians and tribes for the reason that every bit of education we give through such a system strengthens the power of the tribe to stand out separate and alone and contend with the Government. It is like giving guns and pistols to them when they were at war with us. We don't want a public school system for the Indians but we do want them in the public system of the country, and this can be if the powers that be so determine.

I can take care of 2,000 from this point, and educate them out of relations with their own people and into relations with our people and into self support, and it would not take many schools similarly located to compass the whole. But if the present lines are to be mainly followed and this, your strongest school to stand alone in its efforts and on radically different lines and with different purposes from all the rest under any pretext whatsoever, my constant feeling will be a desire to be relieved, no matter how well I am supported.

Haskell, Genoa, Salem, Albuquerque, Chillicothe, Grand Junction and others were created and live because Carlisle lived, and all said we will be Carlises, but not one has now or ever has had the essential principle of Carlisle which is the only

VOL. 16

6-Dawes,

and vital reason for having schools away from the Indians, and
that is the outing system, and the use of the public school
system of the country.

We have had 200 children in the public schools of the East
both this Winter and last Winter and have made them largely
pay their own way.

Most respectfully & faithfully,

VOL. 16

377

February 27, 1890.

Dear General:

Since receiving your letter indicating the concern of both the Secretary and the President, I am impressed with the necessity of shortening my trip to Japan, so as to be home in the end of June, which will enable me to cover the pressing events, closing the old year and beginning the new.

Things will, I am sure go all right here between this and that time. I wrote you about the Montana pupils to-day, and I again write you, officially to-night about them and the additional pupils, provided we get the $100,000 outside of transportation, for this year.

All is ready and I am off at 6 o'clock to-morrow evening, sailing from San Francisco on the Steamer, China, March 11,.

VOL. 16

February 28, 1890.

Helen P. Clarke,
West
39 North 25, St., N. Y.

Dear Miss Clarke:

Both the Secretary of the Interior and the
President having signified their unwillingness that I should
be absent Five months I have determined to shorten my trip to
Japan and be at home by the end of June at which time, as I
read your letter, I shall find you here.

VOL. 16

379

February 28, 1890.

Dear General Hawley:

Mr. A. D. B. Smead of Carlisle is a personal friend of mine, who stands high in the esteem of all good people here and I can commend him to you in every way.

He has long aspired to re-enter the Army as Judge Advocate, he having resigned in 1879 after 11 years service in the 3rd. Cavalry. During the 11 years since, he has studied and successfully practised law in Carlisle.

His army record was both clean and creditable. He deserves the favor of your strong influence when the time comes to consider the applicants for place in that Department.

VOL. 16

["384", "March 3, 1890.", "Waldo Reed,,

Whites Institute, Ind.,", "Dear friend:", "In the absence of Capt. Pratt your letter comes to me to answer, and it is pleasant to realize by such letters and other means that the work of Indian education is going on rapidly.", "You have a good school at Whites Institute, which gives to you a first rate opportunity in life, which I hope you will use and not be in a hurry to get away and go home.", "It is the wish of the Commissioner that Indian boys and girls stay at school until thoroughly educated.", "Wishing you success,", "Your friend, truly,", "Ass't Supt.", "NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF\nTHE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.", "VOL. 16"]

385

March 3, 1890.

Thos. Crow,

Pine Ridge Agency, S. Dakota.

Dear friend:

Your letter in regard to Ota Chief Eagle coming home has been received. In answer to it I would say that Ota is not grown up yet, is doing well at school and it is the desire of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs( as he told the boys in a recent visit to the school) that they do not return home until they are quite ready.

Capt. Pratt is absent from the school and I cannot tell you just what will be done until he comes back, which will be before the home going party is ready.

VOL. 16

386

March 4, 1890.

George H. Eaton,
Albuquerque, N. M.,

Dear friend:

I have received your letter of February 23, to Capt. Pratt in which you speak of a desire to come to the Carlisle school.

I am glad to see by your letter that you have made very substantial progress in your studies already and I think you can probably succeed as well by remaining at Albuquerque as by coming to Carlisle. You know it is not the place, but the will and the effort that leads to success. Neither the Department nor Capt. Pratt are in favor of students changing their schools or course of study more than is really necessary, so that in answering your letter for Capt. I feel sure I am speaking as he would if he were here.

Very truly your friend,

Ass't Supt.
In charge.

VOL. 16

388

March 4, 1890.

Chas. Keremi,

Laguna, N. M.,

Dear friend:

Your letter comes to hand when Capt. Pratt is away and I cannot answer it fully, but Capt. will be home before it is time for vacation and will then determine about Siasche.

I see Siasche has been here between 4 and 5 years but his English is not very good yet, and as the Commissioner does not want students to return home until they are ready, I think it very doubtful whether he will come. We are all pleased to hear of your success and that Lorenzo is doing well.

Our new Commissioner, General Morgan, is a great friend to Indian schools and will do all he can to push them along.

With kind regards,

Your friend,

Ass't Supt.

In C'h'g

VOL. 16

389

March4, 1890.

Geo. E. Gerowe,

Corner Fulton & Washington Sts.,
New York City,

Dear sir:

The heater in question was furnished by the
Carlisle Manufacturing Company and consists of a Double Jack-
et boiler on a stove base.

Boiler is 24 in. high 18 in. outside diameter-9 and a half
inside, connected by 1 in. Iron pipe with circulating Boiler
of 128 gallons capacity. Cost for Base Circulating Boiler
and Jacket Boiler Seventy-five ($75.00) Dollars, delivered
here; we put in pipe connections and supply boiler and bath
tubs. It has capacity for 75 or 100 students, by bathing a
portion each day. Cast Iron bath tubs cost $15.00 to $17.00
each.

I find you left a fur cap at my house. Shall I send to you
1 to New York or to Dakota ? With kind regards,

In charge.

VOL. 16

391

March 5, 1890.

Daniel Bedell,
L'Anse, Mich.

Dear sir:

Your letter to Capt. Pratt comes to hand in his absence. I therefore answer for him as he will not be back at the school until June.

When I made the promise I did to you in regard to allowing the children from L'Anse to visit during vacation I did not suppose that it would be desired in more than a very few cases- and did that for the reason that you were strangers to the school, and not by any means, that is was our custom or a desirable thing to do, and now in carrying out that promise it will need to be under the fullest guarantee that the Five years' course will be completed.

It would not do for the Government to be at the expense of collecting <u>students</u> and then allow them to return home for a visit and on some trivial excuse fail to return to the school.

I hope also that you parents and guardians, knowing as you do, from reports and letters that all is going on well, will be careful not to unsettle the students.

The two months of vacation for those who remain at school can be pleasantly spent at, or away from the school in country homes earning money for themselves, for their own use, and by

VOL. 16

392

2-Bedell

outdoor life and exercise build up their constitutions for
another school year. Is not this better that to draw on pa-
rents' resources for a visit only! When you have considered
the matter fully and carefully among yourselves write again,
about the middle of June.

All the children are well and doing well. How would it
befor you to use the money it would take for the children to
come home in sending a visiting Committee on here this Fall
elected among yourselves, to visit us, see all there is and then
report to those at home ? Consider this.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.

In charge.

March 6th., 90

Capt. R. H. Pratt,

Care General Post Office,
San Francisco, California.

Everything as usual at
school; no definite news from Montana. All well- Inspector
Cooper leaves tomorrow.

Standing.

VOL. 16

399

March 12, 1890.

Roley McIntosh,
Washington, D. C.,

Sir:

Your letter of the 10, inst, to Capt Pratt comes
to hand in his absence. I think as there are other matters
than the return home of your son, that yourself if possible,
or Mr. Palmer had better visit Carlisle.

We will entertain you while here and lessen your expenses
all we can. I very much prefer this to doing as you suggest.

VOL. 16

402

March 13, 1890.

Big Bear,

Cantonement, I. O. T.,

Dear friend:

Your letter comes to me for answer in the
absence of Capt. Pratt. Your boy Robert is well and doing
well. He is attending school with white children in the
country; is in a most excellent family and can learn English
faster in that way than he can at Carlisle, where there are
so many other Cheyennes. In a few weeks he will stop school
and go to work for wages. The money he earns is all his own.
It is the intention to keep him in the country through vaca-
tion, where he will be learning farm work as well as be earn-
ing money for himself, and in September he is to come back to
the school, and go into our classes here again. I enclose
the last report from the wife of the gentleman with whom he
lives. Robert is very happy in this family.

The Cheyenne boys are all well and getting on all right.
We did have a large number of cases of La Grippe, but we have
a most excellent physician and all recovered, except a boy,
a Pueblo, who had another disease in connection with it.

In ch'g

VOL. 16

403

March 13, 1890.

To the Honorable,

The Comr of Indian Affairs,

Washington, D. C.,

Sir.

Replying to your letter of the 7, inst., marked Sch. Expenses, 5962, I have the honor to state that the engine and boiler in question are desired to be of ten horse power, mounted on wheels and trucks in a substantial manner with all the latest improvements that have been applied to this class of engines viz, steel fire box, lap welded tubes, spark arrester &c., in all respects complete and equal to the best engines of this class in the market, to be delivered at the school free of charge.

The best known engine in this district and the one that gives the best results in use, and on which the estimate submitted, was based, is that which is described and illustrated in the two pages from the latest catalogue of the Geiser Manufacturing Company, enclosed herewith.

With this information I respectfully request that your office prepare an advertisement asking bids to be opened in my office at Carlisle Barracks at 10 A. M. June 3rd '90, with the necessary authority to insert same in our local papers, and also to en-

VOL. 16

405

March 17, 1890.

Wm. White Cow Killer,

Pine Ridge, S. Dakota,

Dear friend:

Your letter in regard to Lewis Crow on Head has been received. I have asked the Doctor about Lewis and he says he is now quite well.

As this is the case and Lewis' time is not out for a year yet it is not likely he will return home this year.

In ch's

VOL. 16

408

VOL. 16

March 27, 1890.

F. E. Farrel Esq.,

224 East 20, St. N. Y. City,

Dear sir:

Your letter to Miss Burgess has been brought
to my notice, and read with pleasure.

You know that with the Indians the more a person can give
the more honorable he is, hence the scholars feel some pride
in being able to send from their savings $500.00 to the Dev-
ils Lake Indians. We hope the act did good in more ways than
one, and have the evidence that it has, for never before has
such a deed been done by a similar class, therefore the train-
ing that makes it possible is worth having.

In regard to the last part of your letter. It is exceedingly pleasant to realize the interest taken in this effort to educate the Indians, by those who like yourself, know them as they are, and not as pictured either by inconsiderate friends or prejudiced foes.

Education here is provided for by the Government at the
rate of $175.00 per capita, and this is enough. Our pres-
ent number is 700, which will be increased this year.

Our graduating point is the common school grade, but a-
mong the large numbers who come under our care there are some,

409

2-

both boys and girls who desire a higher education. Here
the Government does not follow, and such proposals as you make
on behalf of your Society are welcomed and used. If there-
fore you could undertake in whole or in part, the further
education of a selected pupil, we could find a suitable sub-
ject. There are now two boys at Marietta College, Ohio, one
at Rutgers until recently. He was doing well, but had to lay
off somewhat to recruit. There are also three girls taking
Normal courses, and two others attending High School. Two
girls are training as nurses at Hartford, Conn., and one in
Philadelphia.

If therefore you should desire to undertake to subscribe
a definite amount for one or more years the money would be
well applied in the manner proposed.

Respectfully yours,

VOL. 16

415

April 5, 1890.

F. E. Farrel
Dept. of Hospital,

324 E. 20, St. N. Y.

Dear Sirs,

Replying to your letter of the 2nd. inst. I am pleased to find that your interest is likely to take tangible shape.

I cannot suggest any better course at present than that proposed in my former letter. I do not know of any one anywhere who is now ready and waiting to enter the active work of the Missionary field.

It is better in my judgment to wait patiently till the worker is fully equipped, than to be premature and so invite failure. There is now at this school a young man pronounced and earnest in his desire to do just the work you propose. But he expects to pursue his studies here for another year, and will not stand in need of anything we cannot provide, unless it be a few books.

Among the girls who will graduate this year, there are two who are especially well worthy; Nellie Robertson, a Sioux (No.1 in the photograph) and Jemima Wheelock, an Oneida, (No.2).

Jemima proposes to stay a year more here and push her art work, for which she has quite a talent. Nellie has no prospect ahead, XX is in every way worthy and will probably re-

VOL. 16

turn to Dakota to make her home with her uncle. I can en-
dorse her in every way, a really good girl who will probably
head her class.

If your Society should feel enough interest in this girl
to give her additional training I think your money would be
expended on as worthy a recipient as could be found among the
indians.

The right way would be to guarantee to Capt. Pratt a cer-
tain amount of money for this object, and leave details with
him.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.
In ch'g

April 3, 1890.

Miss Kate E. Davis,

Fairmount Springs, Pa.,

Dear Madam:

We have no vacancies in our corps of teach-
ers at present; neither do we expect any in the near future.

Teachers entering receive $45. per month, which sum is ad-
vanced as deserved. Qualifications required are similar to
the requirements of other schools.

Very truly yours,

Ass't Supt.
In ch'g

416

VOL. 16

434

April 19, 1890.

Dr. F. E. Farrell,

120 East 20, St., N. Y. City.

Dear Sir:

I enclose herewith a letter from Nellie Robertson written in response to the expressed desire of your letter. It is wholly the expression and outcome of her own thought after being given to understand that there was a possible chance opening to her. I hope it may please you as it did me when handed to me to read.

You ask me to outline a course of action in the case. I can hardly do this for the reason that we propose to organize for next year a post graduate course here, but just how far it will materialize I cannot say. If this should develop fully this might be a good place for her for another year, and nothing more required than to maintain your interest in her and provide for special lessons needed &c.

But if the Society you represent, which by the way I do not yet thoroughly understand, feel able to take the whole care of her, some $250.00 a year, it might be best for her to enter a higher school, where there are no Indians, as some of our past graduates have done, leaving the selection of the school to Capt. Pratt, as I am a only acting for him pro tem.

VOL. 16

435

2-

I would look for just as much good to come from the efforts
of this young lady as any one similarly situated that I know
of, man or woman.

Please let me hear from you as soon as you have the re-
sults, and oblige,

Yours very truly,

Ass't Supt.

In ch'g

VOL. 16

448

May 3, 1890.

J. R. Wood,
G. P. A.
Penn. R. R., Phila.,

Dear sir:

Our Annual Examination and Graduating exer-
cises will take place on the 14, inst., and a number of the
friends and patrons of the school from a distance desire to
visit us on that occasion, for whose benefit it is my wish if
possible, to make some arrangement with you by which they can
be provided with round trip tickets at the reduced rate granted last year.

Last year there was an arrangement by which parties in-
tending to visit the school were provided with your orders
through Capt. Pratt, which on presentation at Station desig-
nated, procured them the reduced rate. This arrangement so
far as I know was very satisfactory, and is what I would like
again to be favored with if possible.

The points of which I am so far notified where such tickets
would be used from are Tullytown, Morrisville, Phila., Bulls
Island, Baker's, Peach Bottom & Jenkintown. Others will no
doubt be yet heard from.

From Washington I am assured of the presence of General
Morgan, Commissioner of Indian Affairs, also of the Hon. R.W.

VOL. 16

449

2-J.R.Wood,

Perkins of Kansas, chairman of Committee on Indian Affairs, with
conditional acceptances from the Commissioner of Education
and others.

As there is no train from Washington that would suit on
the 14, it would be necessary for intending visitors to come
the day before on any train most convenient to them.

It is important to our interests here, and especially in
regard to our proposed increased accommodations so as to run
our numbers up to 1000, that these gentlemen should visit Car-
lisle and I desire to arrange for them to be provided with
transportation to Carlisle and return to Washington at the
expense of the school, on the best conditions you can grant.

I am assured by the Officials of the C.V.R.R. that they
will respond favorably to any calls it may be necessary to
make on them. Please advise me at your earliest convenience
and oblige.

In ch'g

VOL. 16

450

May 5, 1890.

Rev. T. P. Rafferty,
Carlisle, Pa.

Dear Sirs,

Your note of the 3. inst. in regard to certain
students of this school going to town regularly at two P.M.
Sundays, reached me duly.

It was not responded to yesterday in any degree on account
of the rain. I will say further that I am not prepared to re
spend as asked for two reasons; first, I have not the neces-
sary information yet in regard to the Church affiliation of
the students named and have been informed that only a few are
Catholic members. In regard to this I await more explicit
information from Montclair. Second, the hour you name, two
of'clock is not a convenient one for us to have any large num-
ber of students absent, as it precludes their attendance at
the regular afternoon service of the school; neither has it
been our custom to send the little folks to town.

In the absence of the head of the school I do not want to
make any material change in past usage, and would like things
to run about as they are until Capt. Pratt's return.

Very respectfully yours

VOL. 16

451

May 5, 1890.

To the Honorable,

The Com'r of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.,

Sir:

Replying to your letter of the 2, inst. marked "Education" requesting the names of some former Carlisle Students who would be suitable to fill positions in a company of Scouts to be organized at Fort Keogh. I submit the following names as having some of the qualifications needed-Viz: -

Abe Sommers, Northern Cheyenne, Pine Ridge, S. Dakota(Tailor)

Clayton Braye, Sioux, " " " (Band)

Mack Kutepi " " " (Saddler)

John Booke " " "

Frank Jennis " " " (Carpenter)

George Thomas, Crow, Crow Agency, Montana (Saddler)

George Hill, " " "

Conrad Roubidoux, Sioux, Rosebud, S. Dakota (Bugler)

Nelson Caught the Eagle, Sioux " "

Willard Standing Bear, " " " (Band)

Paul Eagle Star " " "

Raymond Stewart " " "

Chas. Redmore Cheyenne " " (Band)

Maurice Walker Sioux, " "

VOL. 16

452

2-Com'r

Moore Van Horn, Cheyenne, Darlington I. T.
Sumner Riggs " "
Neatha Arapahoe " "
Stanton Cheyenne " "
Oscar Bull Bear " " (Carpenter)
Doty Seward " "
Shakespeare Northern Arapahoe, Shoshone Agency, Wyoming.
Cleaver Warden, Arapahoe, Darlington, I. T.
Ernie Black, Cheyenne " "
Wm. Fletcher " " (Tailor)
Arnold Woolworth, Arapahoe " " (Blacksmith)

Daniel Milk, Sioux, Rosebud Agency S. Dakota
Harry Raven, Arapahoe, Darlington, I. T.
Percy Kable Cheyenne " "
John D. Miles, " Fort Elliot, Texas.
Frank Engler, " Cantonement, I. T.,
Hubble Big Horse " Darlington "
Darlington, " Camp Supply, I. T.
Clarence Wolf Face " Fort Elliot, Texas

Ka-voo-vah, Comanche, Anadarko, I. T.,
Fred Smith, Ponca, Ponca Agency, I. T.,
Lamotte Primaux, Ponca, Ponca Agency, I. T.,
Reuben Quick Bear, Sioux, Rosebud, South Dakota (Band)
Paul Black Bear, Sioux, Pine Ridge, S. Dakota

VOL. 16

454

S. Com'r

Cecil Black Tiger, Sioux, Rosebud, S. Dakota.

Brule Iron Eaglefeather, Sioux, Rosebud S. Dakota.

Julian, Sioux, Pine Ridge, S. Dakota.

Of those now at school about due now to go home I submit
the following names, viz:-

Felix Iron Eaglefeather, Sioux.

Fred Big Horse,

Henry Russell, Crow,

Alex Man Above, Sioux.

A number of those whose names are given as belonging to
the Southern Cheyennes and Arapahoes at Darlington, I. T. have
served as scouts for longer or shorter periods with credit to
themselves, and some are still doing so. A number of those
mentioned are suitable for non commissioned officers.

Capt. 10, Cav'y
Supt.

Ass't Supt.
In ch'g

VOL. 16

455

May 7, 1890.

Hon. T. J. Morgan,
Com' of Indian Affairs
Washington, D. C.,

Dear Sir:

I found your letter of the 6, awaiting me on my
return from Philadelphia where I have been to look after the
transportation matters and also a small legacy that is to
come to the school shortly.

In regard to the transportation of visitors from Washington;
remembering that the special car arrangements of last year
did not work well either going or coming, I have thought best
to have tickets that will be available from Washington to Car-
lisle and return by any train that will suit the visitors to
take. These tickets are promised to be in my hands by Fri-
day morning, and my intention was then to visit Washington
to confer with you in regard to making up the party.

If however you can do as you suggest, call upon members and
invite their attendance I feel that that will be the best way
and will send to your care tickets necessary.

We can accommodate quite a number comfortably at the school
and our neighbor, Judge Henderson also offers his house for
guests.

The train that leaves Washington at 3:30. P. M., arriving at

VOL. 16

456

2-

Carlisle at 9 minutes past 8 seems to be the best.

The program for the day is pretty well developed and I feel
sure that it will be interesting and quite satisfactory to
those who may come.

Please advise me by telegrams to the necessary tickets to
send, and whether I can help you by coming down, or any oth-
er suggestions you may make.

Very respectfully yours

VOL. 16

457

VOL. 16

May 8, 1890.

Hon. B. W. Perkins,
House of Representatives,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear sir:

I have yours of the 7, inst. to hand and am glad to know that we can look forward to the presence of your Committee on the 14, inst.

In regard to transportation I have arranged to have tickets, Washington to Carlisle and return, placed at your disposal, for use on any train desired and will see that they reach you duly.

It is not possible to make the trip in a day comfortably and we can provide for quite a number who could come by the train leaving Washington 3:30 P. M. on the 13, arriving at Gettysburg Junction at 9 minutes past 8. Others could come by the train leaving Washington at 8:10 A M., Wednesday and reach here at 12:45, in time for a lunch and the afternoon exercises. The return time is not fixed yet but will be.

Commissioner Morgan will be here and I hope you will bring the Indians mentioned and the ladies I am sure will enjoy the trip. Telegraph at my expense any information in

2- Perkins

regard to numbers, you can give, and oblige,

In ch'g

P. S.

I have just been informed that a new schedule will go
into effect Sunday next. Will notify you in time.

VOL. 16

459

VOL. 16

May 8, 1890.

R. A. Parke,
Pass. Agent, P. R. R.,
Washington, D. C.,

The Commissioner of Indian Affairs and House Committee on Indian Affairs desire to visit the Carlisle Indian School Commencement, May 14.

Tickets, Washington to Carlisle and return will be supplied by Mr. Wood for the use of this party but the schedule of trains is not at all convenient.

I understand there is to be a change, to go into effect on Sunday 11, but do not know just what the changes are.

I expect a part of those who come will take the 3:30 P. M. train on the 13, others will want to come and go on the 14.

Will you obligate me by suggesting the best way of meeting the wishes of those who desire to come and go in the day.
I see no connection beyond Baltimore later than a train that leaves Harrisburg at 3:40, which means Carlisle a little before 3, which is too soon. The choice seems to lie between Bridgeport or a special from Baltimore unless the new schedule helps the case. Capt. Pratt being away leaves the matter in my hands

2

And I bespeak your kindlg offices in aiding to make the trip
a pleasant one for those who may come.

Please confer with Indian Commissioner Morgan and Hon. B. W.
Perkins in regard to their wishes and oblgcs.

In ch'g

VOL. 16

461

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 16

May 8, 1890.

Amos Crane,
L'Anse, Mich.,

Dear sir:

I have your letter of May 2, in regard to your
children coming home, duly to hand.

While it is true that it has been necessary to send home
several of the L'Anse students on account of health, I do not
think you must altogether blame the climate for this, but in-
herited disease. Of the Bedell family you know that one son
died at his home this Winter.

When Sarah was sent home she had only been reported to the
hospital for 6 days and not in bed at all. I never knew any
one to go so quickly with that disease before. As for the
sad accident that happened to her on her way home, that would
be liable to happen to any one in spite of all care taken, and
in her case every care was taken.

Your son Isaac is all right and seems to enjoy himself
Julia has been a little sick but is now picking up again. If
she continues to improve it is best for her to continue in her
school work, but if not you will hear from us in regard to her
about July 1st.

463

May 8, 1890.

Richard Davis,

West Grove, Pa.,

Dear friend Richard:

I note your letter of May 6th., and while you are correct as to our not desiring the presence of our our students at our Commencement exercises, as we are too much crowded to entertain them, this is not intended and does not apply to you and Nannie. We should be pleased to see Nannie and you also if you think you can afford to make the trip. Travelling you know is a luxury, to be indulged in sometimes only. We would all like to see Nannie and the babies and the desire has been expressed that should she come sometime when we are not all so busy, we could enjoy her visit better.

Whichever way you decide will be all right.

VOL. 16

BLURRED ORIGINAL

VOL. 16

464

May 9, 1890.

J. R. Wood, G. P. A.,
P. R. R., Phila.,

Dear Sirs:

I telegraphed you this morning in regard to a visiting party from Washington to the Indian School, on the 14, inst., and now desire to explain the case a little more fully.

The size of the party is uncertain, but I am advised by Hon. R. W. Perkins, chairman of the Committee on Indian Affairs that a majority of his committee desire to visit the school and that some of the members wish the privilege of bringing their wives with them. The Commissioner of Indian Affairs has promised to come. Mr. Perkins also desires to bring some prominent Indians who are now visiting in Washington.

For these intended visitors I am provided with tickets from your office, but wish to make the trip as agreeable for them as possible, and to this end would be glad if they could have a car placed at their disposal in Washington to run through to Bridgeport on the train leaving Washington at 8:10 A. M. the 14, arriving at Bridgeport at 10. A. M. where the car would be received by the C. V. S. with whom to meet the students to Harrisburg in time to catch the 7:15 A. M. train to Harrisburg.

466

May 9, 1890.

Geo. W. Boyd,

Ass't G. P. A.,
P. R. R., Phila.

Dear Sirs:

Being in Philadelphia the other day on business connected with the school, I called at Gen. Wood's Office and found that both he and you were absent.

I am writing to the Gen. in regard to transportation matters in the interests of the school, in regard to which I write you personally in case he may yet be absent, that it may have your attention.

The points I desire to accomplish are a car through from Washington for use of the Congressional party and Commissioner of Indian Affairs, attached to the 8:10 A. M. train from Washington, being brought on by the C. V. from Bridgeport, and by the C. V. returned to Harrisburg and attached to the 7:15 P.M. to Baltimore and specialized from Baltimore to Washington.

If in the absence of Mr. Wood this comes under your care and you can compass what is desired it will be considered as a favor both to the school and personally.

VOL. 16

467

Ma7 11, 1890.

Hon. T. J. Morgan,
Com'r of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear sir:

There is one point which has occurred to me in
which I have perhaps been negligent. It is this: I have not
specially invited the Secretary of the Interior, on the sup-
position that being here last year it was not likely he would
come again. At the same time I would be glad to have him re-
ceive this attention and preferably from yourself then from
me. Will you kindly see him before starting for Carlisle,
as he may have a word for the students, though probably he
will not come himself.

I would be glad to have all the tickets used, as it seems
to be a point of importance that there be at least 18 or 20
persons on the Wednesday train in order to insure the exolu-
sive use of the car.

All the arrangements are completed, and if the weather is
favorable, I look forward for a good day for Carlisle.

Very respectfully yours

VOL. 16

468

May 11, 1890.

Hon. B. W. Perkins,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear Sirs:

I regret that I was unable to meet you when in
Washington yesterday, for consultation in regard to the Car-
lisle trip. I left the necessary transportation with your
clerk, Mr. Thorne, and hope there will nothing happen to pre-
vent a full representation of your committee.

I have two additional tickets not yet placed which I en-
close to you, hoping the opportunity may come for you to place
them in the hands of those who would appreciate a visit to
Carlisle. I hope all the tickets may be used, and especial-
ly that the Indians you spoke of will be of the party.

Information by telegraph or otherwise as to those who
will arrive at Carlisle on Thursday evening will be consider-
ed a favor that suitable accommodations may be provided.

Railroad arrangements are completed and the party will be
returned by special from Baltimore on the evening of the 14th.

Senator Pettigrew and I hope Senator Moody will be here,
but I have not as yet any Montana Senator or Member. Could
you compass this and oblige,

VOL. 16

470

May 12, 1890.

Gen. J. F. Boyd,
Supt. G. V. R. R.,
Chambersburg, Pa.,

Dear Sirs:

I have succeeded in compassing the missing link of connection between Baltimore and Washington for the return of the Congressional party on the 14th inst.

Arrangements have been made with the P. R. R. to work exactly as we planned, namely, receive special car at bridge-port 11:59 A. M., returning leave Indian School 5:30 P. M. If the hour of G would suit you better for the return there is no objection to that on account of the school.

Thanking you for the assistance offered, and hoping that the visitors from Chambersburg you mentioned will surely be with us, and that you will notify me so that I can have them met at the Junction, I am

VOL. 16

471

May 12, 1890.

Jas. Williams,
Leaton, Isabella Co.,
Michigan,

Dear Sir:

I have your letter in regard to Julia duly received. In this part of the country we have many good homes in which to place Indian boys and girls for a year or so of the school life. We do this in order that they may gain experience that will qualify them for any place in life.

We are very careful that the places they go to are good and we require that their education be carried forward just as though they were at this school.

We find this a most beneficial change for them as well as giving them a chance to earn a little money for themselves. We only send those whom we think will do well. Before sending Julia I asked her whether it would be all right with you, and she said it undoubtedly would and she wanted very much to go. Arrangements are now made for her to return to the school. All the experience of traveling by themselves and doing for themselves is just what the Indians need, and parents will do well to encourage ix and not discourage it.

VOL. 16

472

2,

Williams

I hope you saw the pictures that I sent to Mrs Tonkin and
that the Indians are generally satisfied with the school.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.

May 12, 1890.

Frank Valliere,
Baxter Springs, Kan.,

Dear friend:

Yours of May 5, in regard to George's return
home is duly received. Your anxiety in regard to his eyes
I think, is groundless. He is now on work that will not require him to use his eyes as much, and he is in other ways in good health.

None of the pupils will return home until after the 1, of July as the money for transportation is not available until that time. Full notice will be given when the time comes.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.

VOL. 16

473

May 12, 1890.

Mrs A. R. Faulkner,
Lexington, Mass.,

Dear Madam:

Your letter of May 8, expressing regret at not being able to be present at our Graduating Exercises, and en-closing Twenty ($ 20.) Dollars for the use of the school has been duly received.

I thank you cordially for this mark of your appreciation of the work of the school, and as the money came just at the opportune time, it has been expended in buying a good book for each member of the graduating class.

Enclosed herewith find our usual receipt for draft. With many thanks, I am

VOL. 16

474

VOL. 16

May 12, 1880.

W. Bent,

New Belknap, Mont.,

Dear sir:

Your letter of April 24, arrived duly. In regard
to the children for L'Anse there is quite a story. They ap-
pear to have boarded all right the train for Milwakie. When
neari Milwakie the girl left her seat and walked off the train
fell on the track and lay there most of the night. Was then
taken to a hospital and lay for days, delirious. Was sent
on home in a sleeper and I have since heard died shortly af-
ter.

A letter was received from Major Simons in regard to a
party of visiting Indians, in which he asks about bringing
more children to Carlisle. I answered that we could receive
about 15 more if suitable subjects. When in Washington last
week and in talking with the Commissioner about it I found that
his understanding was that the party would not come until Fall
If such is the case I cant say anything about more students,
except on a new authority and the matter will have to be ad-
justed when the time for you trip, is fixed.

Very truly yours

475

May 17, 1890.

Rev. James Cloud,
Kawkawlin, Bay Co., Mich.,

Dear Sir:

I enclose herewith for you to read, and handle as you see best a letter from Mary Venacy, which is not only untruthful, but wholly unjust and I feel like adding, ungrateful. I am happy to be able to tell you that I do not know of any case of witholding a home letter from any student in the history of this school.

There are times when we have reason to think that improper correspondence is being carried on with outside parties, and some letters have been opened before being delivered. This very seldom happens, and standing in the place of parents for the time being, we have the right to do this when necessary; but this never happens with home letters.

If Mary Venacy has written and her children have failed to receive her letters, probably she has not addressed them right. If she addresses them to the care of Capt. Pratt, Carlisle, Pa. the children will get them every time, and she will not find it necessary to report a letter like this one.

Her children were never better and are enjoying their school life. All the members of your family are perfectly

VOL. 16

477

May 17, 1890.

James R. Kellies,
Shinnecock,
Long Island, N. Y.,

Dear sir:

I have your letter of the 7, in which you ask
questions about the school vacations &c.

The school term is 5 years unless pupils graduate sooner.
If they graduate in 2 or 3 years you are then free, and we do
not allow going home for vacation. The object of the school
is not to make good scholars only, but good and presevering
workers, and we provide a good home here during vacation.

If you really want to come, get some one to work with whom you
are acquainted, to write us in regard to whom you are, what
you have been doing and why you are not able to get an educa-
tion in the Public Schools.

In ch'g

VOL. 16

478

VOL. 16

May 19, 1890.

Hon. B. W. Perkins,
Chairman of Committee on Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear sir:

Through the newspapers I have learned of
the unfortunate detention of your train on the return trip to
Washington from Carlisle.

It is needless to say how much I regret that such a to-
tally unforeseen contingency should have happened to mar any
pleasure you may otherwise have had in the trip.

Since examination 68 boys and 47 girls additional have
been sent to country homes and more will go for the vacation
months, while applications from the West for admission are al-
most daily coming to hand.

I trust you will call on us at any time we can be of any
service in the way of information needed by your committee.

If any tickets remain unused will you kindly have them re-
turned to me so that I may turn in to the R. R. Company in
settlement and oblige,

481

May 20, 1890.

W. W. Rinman
Midwaterton Mission
Birch Cooney, Minn.

Dear Sirs

Our pupil, Wm. Good Thunder, is doing well. Is
at present in the country but will return here in September
to enter our school when the Fall term opens.

It is not our custom to pay transportation home, until the
full term of 6 years has expired unless on account of serious
sickness. No decision can be made about this boy's return
in any event, until Capt. Pratt comes home, the last of June.

Your wishes will be brought to his notice, then.

In only

VOL. 16

May 31, 1900.

Gertrud E. Currier

Fredonia, N. Y.,

Dear Madam:

I have yours in regard to a position in this
school and in reply will say our corps of teachers is with-
out a vacancy, and no dear prospect of any change.

VOL. 16

484

May 22, 1890.

J. R. Wood,
G. P. A., P. R. O.,
Philadelphia,

Sir:

I return to-day by express, the unused orders
for half rate tickets furnished me for the use of the visit-
ors to the graduating exercises at this school.

I am disappointed that larger numbers did not materialize.
The reason was we could not allow the out students to visit
this year, as our numbers have so increased.

I also return eleven of the Sixty tickets furnished me for
the Washington party— these being returned by parties who
found themselves unable to attend. Please render your account
for settlement and oblige,

VOL. 16

501

June 4, 1890.

Thos.J.Morgan,
Com'r of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.,

Dear sir:

Your letter of May 23 enclosing report of Special Agent, Mrs M.A. Dorchester has been received, and the report read with interest by almost all the employees of the school. It has been suggested that as it contains much of general interest to all Indian workers, that it would be well to print it in full in the Red Man, which we would like to do if there is no objection. Please advise as to this.

VOL. 16

502

June 3, 1890.

Louis Bedell,
L'Anse, Mich.,

Dear Louis:

I was pleased to hear from you by your letter of May 26. I hope Christine will improve in health as the weather becomes more pleasant. Since we have had settled weather at the school all are feeling benefitted.

I am glad to hear that you are earning money for yourself.

In regard to the watch you mention, I can buy you a good silver watch for $12. Just as good a watch as you need. If you send me the money I will order the watch for you.

Your friend,

VOL. 16

503

June 3, 1890.

Miss Lizzie Griffiths,
18 Ave. B. Vick Park,
Rochester, N. Y.,

Madam:

I am in receipt of a letter from Mrs Wheeler asking upon what terms a young Indian woman could be admitted to this school for a year's instruction.

In regard to this I think it would be the best way for the young woman to visit Carlisle at her own expense and see what we can do for her upon acquaintance.

It will not cost anything but the Railroad fare, and she can come at any time. She would take her meals with the pupils and be on the same terms as our students are but we will not make any final arrangement until we have a better understanding of her capability.

Carlisle can be reached very directly from Rochester, by the Northern Central Railroad, and I trust you will regard this suggestion as satisfactory. It seems to me the best course in the case.

Very truly yours

Ass't Supt.

In ch'g

VOL. 16

Please Note:

In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the
available copy. Problems encountered with this document have been identified
here with a check (✓) mark.

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4. Illustrations are poor copy

5. Print shows through as there is text on both sides of pages

6. Indistinct broken or small print on several pages

7. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine throughout

8. Computer print out pages with indistinct print

9. Page (s) missing when material received, and not available
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10. Page (s) seem to be missing in pagination only as text follows

11. Poor carbon copy

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13. Appendix pages are poor copy

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