413

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT, ETC.

Carlisle, Pa., December 12th 1896.

James Perry.

Belpford Agency, Montana.

Dear James:-

Your letter came to me several weeks ago and I was glad to hear from you. I have heard about you several times and I rejoice that you are growing stronger in health.

It was pleasant to hear of the good news you gave of our old Carlisle students, but I regret to hear of those who have not been able to stand for what is right.

We are getting on nicely here at Carlisle. You have all the news in the Helper. Today we have our first winter scene, for last night the snow fell and now the ground is clothed in white. The boys have their sleds out and have been skating over on the creek.

To-morrow evening the Susan Longstreth Literary Society give their yearly entertainment and we anticipate something good. They are to represent the women of different lands, I hear.

All your friends at Carlisle send greetings to you. I hope you may have a merry Christmas, James, and a very happy New Year.

N.

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 29

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa., December 13th 1895.

Annie R. Stafford,

121 Chemung Place,

Elmira, New York.

My dear Miss Stafford:-

It was pleasant to get your letter of the 27th Ult., and
to know something of your meanderings and that you still think of
us here.

You seem to have dropped into your proper niche and I congratu-
late you.

I send you my last report together with one of our Souvenirs
and a copy of the New England Magazine.

We are always glad to hear from you, and with kindest regards,

I am,

(Dictated)
N.

414

VOL. 29

DEPARTMENT OF THE LUCIFUGOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUBSCRIPTION

Carlstie, Pa., December 14th 1906.

Rev. Dr. James M. Buckley,

Letter "The Christian Advocate,"

New York.

My dear Doctor:

I saw printed, I think as many as three times, a statement in regard to the nationality and church activities of the selection keepers of Philadelphia, which was credited to "The Christian Advocate" whether your paper or not I do not know. I am called in question by the Catholic priest here for printing it and he alleges he has written you. I send you a copy of my letter in reply to his, and see no reason from anything he says to recall any part of the publication. I may say that the extract I used came from the "Patroitic American," and I feel sure to have seen it again in the "Voice," and once in some other paper which I cannot recall.

(Dictated)

N

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 14th 1895.

Dr. F. O. Holliday,

130 Maryland Ave., N. E.,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Doctors:

We will send Blanche McLaughlin to you Saturday the 81st on the train arriving there at 4.10 P. M. via the Pennsylvania line. She should return to us the following Saturday, the 28th, as we begin school on Monday, the 30th.

P. S. Blanche has no money here and it will be necessary for you to send $4.29 to pay for her railroad ticket.

VOL. 29

417

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

George D. Wallace,

5 East 16th Street,

New York.

Dear Sirs:-

The five volumes referred to in your letter of yesterday
were returned by me to James T. White & Co. immediately after their
receipt. My order for the same was cancelled the day after it was
given to the agent and through the agent to whom the order was given
and James T. White & Co. knew all about it. It has not been my
desire to show up their peculiar business methods. If, however, it
is their wish to have their systems ventilated, I am ready though it
cost me many times $50.00. The sharp practice and attempted robbery
of this transaction would be good information for the public as a
protection against such business methods. One thing James T. White
& Co. can count on is that they will get only their gains for their
trouble and that I shall hereafter pay no attention to mere letters.

(Distributed)
N.

VOL. 29

in reply to:

OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,
Carlisle, Pa., Dec. 14, 1895.

Major Geo.W.Davis
Office Sec'y of War,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Major:

In connection with the report I made you
in reference to the Apache youth I want to unofficially speak
of another matter. Among the girls who went to Ft. Sill un-
der the order of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs recently
were four- Ramona Chihuanua, Jennette Pangostatum, Beatrice Ki-
antel and Dora Chandee, who with all the facts and with fullest
liberty to choose, determined before they left here that they
would return to Carlisle and take employment in places that
we had provided for them where they could go to school and con-
tinue to build up their character and education in civilized
ways. Each of them left money with me to pay for their return
tickets, and it was understood fully that they would take
places under our "Outing", and that their return should be no
expense to the Government for their transportation or keep
thereafter. I provided the return tickets at the time desig-
nated and the tickets are in waiting at Rush Springs—the
nearest Railroad Station, and the Stage Company from Ft. Sill
to Rush Springs has my order to provide them with transporta-

VOL. 29

418

419

Major Davis--2

tion to the Railroad. I now receive the enclosed letter from Capt Scott. I had received a letter from Superintendent Cox of the Comanche School at Ft Sill, asking whether it would be right for him to employ Ramona Chinuahua as assistant laundress. I telegrahped the facts of their agreement and my judgment that it was best for the Apache girls to carry out their plan formed here before they left, and also asked him to wire me when the girls left.

During the course of the individual examination, made by Indian Inspector McCormick under orders of the Department, of every Apache youth here it came out everywhere that the Interpreter--Wratten-- had been writing to all of them urging their return home as a matter of duty, and it is easy to see that on the arrival of the girls and boys at Ft. Sill that his influence could at once procure all that Capt. Scott says in the way of decision from the girls to remain. You can see also from Cox's letter the drift and influences that have brought about the change. My judgment is that these girls should be sent back by Capt Scott, and I know that there will be no material objection but a ready acquiescence both by the parents and girls when such order is received, and that the girls will be all the happier for it immediately they understand it is the order of the Department. I wish that a telegraphic order

VOL. 29

420

Major Davis-3

might be sent to Ft.Sill to this effect at once. You know
what will become of these girls in a short time there.
It means Government support and degradation if they stay.
It means self-support if they come here. Wratten should have
been discharged years ago. The Indians would be better off
without him. There are plenty of capable interpreters among
those that I have had here, and the using of them would encour-
age and strengthen, while the continued use of Wratten drives
them to the rear.

The Apache community is just on the outskirts of Ft. Sill,
and not at all what you and I planned it should be. Please
return the letters of Capt Scott and Superintendent Cox.

Yours truly

VOL. 29

421

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 16th 1895.

Rev. H. G. Ganss,

Rector St. Patrick's Church,
Carlisle, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

I have your letter of the 9th calling in question the figures quoted in the last Red Man in regard to the number and nationality of the saloon keepers of Philadelphia. The Red Man for this month was printed when your letter came, so I am compelled to give your letter in the next issue, which I will do, together with this reply.

I am glad you are anxious about the statement referred to, because it shows an interest in getting at the truth. I saw these figures several times in different papers and never a contradiction. They do not, I now understand, necessarily relate to the exact condition of things today, but do refer to the period just before the recent license of $1000.00 was placed, when there were about 8000 saloons in Philadelphia.

I note that you question only the statement as to nationality and present numbers and do not challenge that part of the statement giving the religious preferences of the vast majority of Philadelphia saloon keepers.

VOL. 29

422

Rev. N. G. Ganss, page 2.

If in reducing the number of saloon keepers by the $1000.00
license tax there has been no material change in the proportion of
foreigners and Catholics, I do not see that there is any unfair
dealing or injustice in the publication referred to. My information
is that the saloon keepers in all of our great cities are mostly
Catholics. I have before me a "souvenir program" of two entertain-
ments, one in Industrial Hall and the other in Horticultural Hall,
Philadelphia, both on Monday January 30th 1893, given by one of the
principal Catholic secret societies, whose boast is loyalty to that
church and their foreign origin,- the Ancient Order of Hibernians
of Philadelphia County. This is a book of 88 pages filled with
lodge matters and personal histories of leading members of the Order
programs and advertisements. All the left had pages are covered
with advertisements and the right hand pages contain the other matter.
The opening page has a picture of Rev. John S. Folley, Catholic
Bishop of Detroit, Michigan, and there is a personal account of him
in which the fact is given that he is the national chaplain of the
Order. Accompanying the book is a newspaper clipping from "The Cath-
ic Standard," showing the approval of the Order by the Archbishops
and Cardinal Gibbons of the Catholic Church while in conference at
the Cathedral Residence. There are 129 advertisements in this book
and 89 of these are advertisements of saloons and liquor dealers. It
is also a significant fact that of the 70 non-liquor advertisements
10 are the advertisements of undertakers. This church society

VOL. 29

423

Rev. H. J. Ganss, page 3.

presentation is confirmatory of the statements in the article you
object to that the liquor business in Philadelphia is mostly in the
hands of foreigners and Catholics.

Archbishop Ireland said in a conference of Catholic Archbishops:

> "I have walked through the streets of the city and looked over the doors of business and banking houses for Catholic names, but I am sorry to say I found very few. But oh, great God! what sorrow and bitterness came to my heart when I looked over the doors of our saloons and found on nearly all of them Catholic names."

My own observation confirms these evidences coming from your
own people.

I believe that the statements made in the article you object to
in the Red Man were when made essentially true, and I believe that
practically the same proportions of foreigners and Catholics engaged
in the liquor business in Philadelphia are maintained in the reduction.

If after receiving this, you should still feel aggrieved, I
make this proposition: you and I go to Philadelphia and together
find out the nationality and religious trend of every dealer in
detoxicsants as a beverage, and then publish all the names and facts
of the same over our joint signatures.

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt.

VOL. 29

In reply to:

N. B. Rairdon, Supt. etc.,

Y. M. C. A. Building,
Omaha, Nebraska.

Dear Sirs:-

I have yours of the 10th informing that you have just returned from a trip among the Kiowas, Comanches and Apaches, and that you are greatly concerned for the students just returned from Carlisle, and are anxious for some manufactory to be established to utilize their industrial training. Of the Apaches, just returned to Fort Bill by order of the Indian Department, four of the girls, of their own motion, went home only for a visit, with full determination to return. During their stay here they had accumulated bank accounts from their own earnings and all left money to pay their return expenses with a view of going out to work in the east, and had obligated themselves to return and fill places that were held in waiting for them, where they could not only progress industrially but would also have advantages in white schools and earn money. I arranged tickets for their return and the tickets are in waiting for them at Rush Springs, but I am advised they will not return for the influences there hold them. I realize in this, as in all the past, I am feeding a great, insatiable Leviathan.

424

VOL. 29

425

N. B. Rairdon, page 2.

From wide reading and from large observation covering more
than twenty-eight years, I have no patience with any schemes propos-
ing to maintain the autonomy of the Indian tribes and reservations;
nor have I sympathy with glamouring industrial schemes which
minister to this autonomy by proposing to utilize the energies of
young Indians at home to the exclusion of all urgency there in favor
of their going away from such surroundings. From the absence of the
two essential elements to success of market and control of labor,
they have always failed and I therefore anticipate they will
continue to fail.

I do not send children back: they are pulled back and forced
back to these conditions by influences and powers I have as yet been
unable to control. I have no such trouble here in securing work
and in getting the Indians to work as exists there. Scarcely a boy
or girl who has been three years or less at Carlisle but can go out
into our civilized communities and make a living, and in doing that
the way is opened clear to the top for them to go on from grace to
glory in all that uplifts and civilizes and makes productive all
mankind. The pull on them that overcomes is the reservation with
its food, annuities and other unearned helps to idle life that come
to them from a too paternal government or charity.

When I was a boy I was brought face to face with an inevitable
condition. I either had to work and support myself and contribute
something to the support of a widowed mother, or suffer disgrace in a

VOL. 29

426

N. B. Reardon, page 3.

poor house or starve. That seeming hard condition was the greatest
blessing that could have come to me. The Indians in their old
estate faced exactly the same condition, but sickly sentimentalism
inpartnership with speculation has robbed them of this beneficent
privilege and thrown about them a poor-house condition that must be
soon broken up or they are gone.

I knew the Kiowas, Comanches and Apaches intimately from '67
to '75. They were then stalwart, brave, healthy, self-respecting
men. When I was down there a little more than a year ago I saw
nothing but disease and degradation begotten of idleness and the vices
idleness brings. They are held to that condition by false sympathy
aided by speculative interests. You propose starting a manufactory
to utilize the labor of returned students. How? Through Government
help? The Government has had schools among these Indians for twenty-
five and more years and has been trying all that time to utilize
their labor in the only way that promised success, and that is
agriculturally. It is perfectly safe to say that the agricultural
implants, seeds and other helps,-- wagons, harness, etc.,-- given
them, have cost the Government five to ten times as much as all the
products of all their labors in all the years would amount to.

I am hard-hearted enough to say to every young Indian boy and
girl under my care, and do continually say to them: "You are to stand
entirely for yourself. You are responsible to God and your country
for yourself only. You are not responsible for your parents nor

VOL. 29

427

N. B. Kairdon, page 4.

your tribe. It is your duty, therefore, to do the very best you
can for yourself. You have as good a right and reason to escape
from your tribe as Lot had to escape from the cities of the plain.
The Commandment is: 'Children, obey your parents in the Lord,' with
the emphasis on 'in the Lord.' You can be just as devoted and
filial to your parents thousands of miles away as you can immediate-
ly in their presence. The young man was commanded to sell all he
had, give to the poor and return and follow Jesus. The Lord him-
self said that you are justified in forsaaking father and mother,
houses and lands for His sake. Your personal salvation is the 'His
sake' in each of your cases."

The Caddos and Wichitas, neighbors to the Indians you speak of
living along the Washita, were once entirely self-supporting, raising
abundant crops and living independent lives. They occupy the same
lands now they did then, and yet the influence of rations to, and
compulsory contact with, the wilder Indians has turned them body and
soul into the same condition, and the degrading picture of their
women at the issue house weekly is not any different from that of
the Kiowa, Comanche and Apache women. The Passamaquoddy Indians
in Maine are tribalized and though they now live in houses they are
an inefficient, dependent mass costing the State thousands of dollars
per year, simply because they are tribalized,-- and I may add,
Remained. A century has not gotten them out of that condition. If
you can on with your way, my judgment is that a century hence the

VOL. 29

N. B. Bardeen, page 6.

Kiwas, Comanches and Apaches, if any are left, will be in the same boat, with possibly the only difference that they will be Baptist-ized, instead of Romanized.

Excuse this long letter. You and I, so far as I can see, are diametrically opposed in our ideas. I cannot go to you because you would build to entice back to the mass, and I must build the other way.

(Disted)
N.

428

VOL. 29

430

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUBAINTENENTARY.

Carlisle, Pa., December 18th 1895.

Miss Luzena Chotsau,

2629 Calumet Avenue,
Chicago.

My dear Luzena:-

I have intended for sometime past to thank you for your
remembrance of me on my fifty-fifth birthday. I have had a frame
made for the picture by one of the boys and it now hangs in my
office.

I put portions of your letter in the Helper, as you have
perhaps noticed, but in such a way that no one could identify you.
Such sentiments are needed to stimulate the situation and make the
public understand the nature of our work, and I am always glad to
have them from the students.

I should be very glad if we could see you here at our Commence-
ment the last Wednesday and Thursday of February. Should it be
practicable for you to come I think I could promise to have the
railroad company give you a round trip ticket for half the regular
rate. It is my desire this year to get a number of our students who
have been out at work to come back and be with us on this occasion,
which promises to be especially significant.

VOL. 29

438

Carlisle, Pa., December 20th 1995.

Mrs. Allie Steele,
113 East Perry Street,
Tiffin, Ohio.

Dear Madam:-

I send you some printed material in regard to this School.
We do not issue any regular school catalogue, but you will doubtless
find all you wish in the papers sent you. There are other Indian
schools, but Carlisle is the largest. For information in regard to
the other Government work for the Indians, I would refer you to
the report of the Honorable Commissioner of Indian Affairs, which
you can obtain by writing and asking him for his last report and
addressing him at Washington, D. C. While this is a Government
institution we have been able to grow in many ways and have received
much encouragement for our work by private help. If there is
any further information you wish that I can give, I shall be glad
to answer any questions you may ask.

N.

VOL. 29

Carlisle, Pa., December 20th 1895.

Christian Citizenship Literature,

284 Washington Street, Boston, Mass.

Gentlemen:-

Enclosed find 35¢ in stamps for which please send me one each of your series of seven pamphlets by John G. Woolley; "Christian Citizenship," Christian Politics," "The Voices of the Century," "Church Resolutions Versus Saloon Resolution," "The Voices of the Church," "Cash Versus Conversation," "Rights of the Rank and File."

N.

VOL. 29

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
COUNTY OF LYONnia co., N.Y.

Mrs. Isabel G. Barrows,

141 Franklin Street,
Boston, Mass.

My dear Mrs. Barrows:-

My Mohonk paper has been re-organized and I return it to you herewith. I have been unfortunate in not returning it sooner, but really I was very ill after Mohonk and have not been myself, and have been somewhat in despair about it because things have not gone to suit me. There has been some disposition to write and ask you to leave me out of the records entirely, but I suppose that will not do. I hope that I have not kept you back. I have omitted the part you wished left out.

I have sent the paper to your friend Mr. C. A. White, but have had no letter from him in regard to the boy. It is quite likely I could have given him one had he desired.

With cordial regards from Mrs. Pratt and myself,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

436

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATION

Curtisville, Pa., December 20th 1895.

Mr. Charles H. Kellogg,

1528 North 18th Street,

Philadelphia.

My dear Mr. Kellogg:-

I am sorry to say that I am not able to undertake anything quite so expensive as $25.00. I am dependent upon contributions for such things and latterly contributions have not been forth-coming with as much liberality as formerly and there are so many pressing upon us in these matters that I can get as many entertainments as we can to have at lower rates. We should be very much pleased to have you and Mrs. Kellogg with us for an evening and I would not mind $10.00 and your entertainment, but beyond that I do not feel I can go, and this perhaps would not encourage you to come.

Capt. 10th Cavalry., U.S.A., Supt.

(Dictated)
H.

VOL. 29

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF COMMISSIONER,

New Bremen, Ohio.

My dear Sirs:-

There is no concise statement that I know of giving the relation of the Government to the Indian. But the reports of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs every year is the best general indicator. You can get these by writing to the Honorable Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C., and asking him for a copy of his report.

I send you a copy of the New England Magazine containing an article on this school, which is of course only one of many and is hardly general enough for your purposes.

There are some public documents that are valuable and these you can get through your Member of Congress. I would mention "The Report of the Joint Special Committee, Appointed under the Joint Resolution of March 3rd 1866," introduced into the Senate January 26th 1867, and ordered to be printed. There is also a Report on Territories made to the Senate February 11th 1879. It would be known to your Member by "Report No. 744, 45th Congress, 3rd Session." But the real relations at the present time are best shown by the

437

VOL. 29

Frank T. Besson, page 2.

Annual Report of the Honorable Commissioner.

Yours truly,

( dictated )
N.

Capt. 10th Cav., U.S.A., Capt.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Prof. W. K. Dare,

Dickinson Preparatory School,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Professor:-

I had a talk with Joseph Adams some days ago in regard to your notice to Mr. Thompson of Joseph's nineteen demerits. Joseph is a good boy and takes to reproof kindly. He seems to have been detained here, in part at least, by band practice. I told him to explain and talk over matters freely with you. I shall be very sorry to see him suffer for absences that have not been properly attended to here. If he continues to accumulate, please notify me direct.

(dictated)
N.

438

VOL. 29

440

BLURRED TEXT

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE

Carliate, Pa., December 20th 1966.

Miss Harriet W. Marshall,
116 Spruce Street,
Philadelphia.

My dear Friends:-

I thank you cordially for your generous acknowledgement of
the photographs sent you. I am very glad that you are pleased with
the photographs, and I can assure you that the check you send is
greatly appreciated and will be most helpful to us. It is pleasant
also to us to have the thought that is back of your gift.

N.

VOL. 29

441

In apply to.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Carliell, Pa., December 23rd 1995.

Thomas E. Nash,

Kerman Brothers & Quin,

39 Liberty Street, New York.

Dear Sirs:-

When your letter reached me several weeks ago, I handed it to one of my people to gather the information you wish and through some inadvertence it has just been returned to me. I regret the delay in this reply but trust the information will not reach you too late and will prove what you wish.

I find that the words head-dress or bonnet are translated into
the Indian languages as follows:-

Tuscarora language of New York...................Unah-tcho-qa,
Ganoca language of New York,...................Yoh-no-a-wak-tah,
Cheyenne language of Indian Territory,........He-a-wo-chi-a,
Iowa language of Indian Territory,...........Bow-ho,
Comanche language of Indian Territory,........Cho-nak,
Piegan language of Montana,...................Ia-au-su-sum,
Sioux language of Dakota,...................Nak-pi-yu-ta-ke,
Oneida language of Wisconsin,................Yoh-na-al-on-ast,
Chippewa language of Michigan,................O-we-o-que-we-de-
de-tab-so-win.

Yours truly,

N.

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A. Supt

VOL. 29

442

Carlisle, Pa., November 27th 1898.

Samuel Little Hawk,

Rosebud Agency, South Dakota.

Dear Samuel:—

It was very pleasant to hear again from you through your letter of November 15th. I am always glad to hear from my old pupils, and especially when they tell me that they are at work. I hope you will always keep yourself occupied and do as well as you can.

Just now we are busy with our preparations for Christmas, and expect to have a very merry time. The school is not in session, but the work departments will keep up as usual. This will give the pupils half holidays. We are having such mild weather that we can hardly realize that we are in mid-winter, indeed, on Saturday we had a thunder storm. I hope, Samuel, that you will have a merry Christmas and a happy New Year.

The school moves on as usual, excepting that we are trying to improve constantly. Our greatest improvement this year is the addition to the gymnasium, which is in the front of the building and comes out on a line with the end of the girls' quarters near the walk. This contains on the lower floor a large hall way with a large reading room for the big boys and a library room back of

VOL. 29

443

Samuel Little Hawk, page 3.

that, on one side, and bath and dressing rooms on the other side
which are to be used by the pupils after exercising in the gymnasium
on the second floor, is one large room for the Y. M. C. A., and on
the third floor are two large rooms for the two boys' debating
societies, the "Standards," and the "Invincibles." The boys have
helped build this addition, both in money and labor, and are justly
proud of it.

The girls' society gave us a very delightful entertainment a
few evenings ago, in which the girls represented the women of
different lands, - Indian, Siam, China, Japan, Iceland and Ceylon.
Now the boys are preparing for a public debate with the students
of Dickinson Preparatory school in town.

You have the school news from the Helper, and I trust you also
read the Red Man.

Please remember me to all the old Carlisle students you see.

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 29

Carliro, Pa., December 23rd 1895.

Miss Florence Wells,

Tonasket School, Loomis, Washington.

Dear Florence:-

You letter reached me several days ago with your greetings
for this Christmas time, and now I wish you a merry Christmas and a
happy New Year. You no doubt will have a happy time as you have
so thoughtfully prepared for your pupils. You will find in the
happiness you say this brings you, that "it is more blessed to give
than to receive."

We are busy here too in our preparations for Christmas. The
girls and small boys will have trees.

We are having unusually mild weather and we can hardly realize
that it is Christmas time. On Saturday evening we had a heavy rain,
thunder and lightning storm, which, as you know is unusual for us
at this time of the year. The school room work will drop for this
week but the work goes on as usual, so that in this way the pupils
have half holidays.

We all join in good wishes for you,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 29

445

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUBSCRIBER SERVICES

Carlsisle, Pa., December 23rd 1895.

Barbara Showainy,
Mr. Kuhn,
Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Dear Barbara:-

I was very glad to receive your letter and to know that you
and Julia Dorris and Alice Leeds are working in Albuquerque and
getting on so well. It makes me proud of you. It is always pleasant
for me to hear from my old Carlisle students, and I am especially
happy when I hear such good news of them as you tell me.

We are all busy in our preparations for Christmas, and expect
to have a happy time. We should like to have you and Julia with
us too. The girls and small boys are to have Christmas trees, and
I have heard of some very nice things Santa Claus has brought for
them.

The Susan Longstreth Literary Society gave a very delightful
entertainment for us the other evening. The girls impersonated
the women of different countries, -India, Ceylon, Siam, China, Japan
and Iceland,-- and told us of the different customs in those countries.

A number of the girls and boys are going out to spend their
holidays with their country friends, and we are going to have many
entertainments during the week so that the time will pass pleasantly

VOL. 29

Barbara Showainy, page 2.

I believe, for all the students. Seichu is going to Mrs. Vorrill's
today. Alice Sheffield is helping Mrs. Pratt at our house, and has
been with us sometime. Mary Collins graduates from the Normal
School in Philadelphia this year, and Nellie Robertson graduates
from the Normal School at West Chester, both in their schooling well
trained for teaching. Do you remember Kesette Roosevelt? She has
been living in Virginia for the last ten years and has just come
up to spend the holidays with us.

I hope you will have a merry Christmas and a happy New Year,
dear Barbara.

If you should come to New York with Mrs. Kuhns, we should be
glad to have you both come and make us a little visit at Carlisle.
Give my love to the other girls, and write to me occasionally,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 29

448

Carlisle, Pa., December 23rd 1896.

Dr. Carlos Montezuma,

3444 Wabash Avenue,
Chicago.

My dear Doctor:-

I was glad to get your letter and to know that you have located and that we are in telephone connection. We were all sorry to see you go in one way, and yet some of us were glad in another way. I think the common sense verdict of all your friends is that you have done right,

I trust you will find everything to your liking and that you
may speedily be established.

The school department is having a vacation this week. Almost
all the teachers have left for brief visits at different points.

Nothing new has happened at the School. I have not yet
received the final application of Dr. Daniels, but his last letter
a few days ago indicated that he would be able to come by the 15th
of February.

As you said you would write at length in a few days I will
await your longer letter.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

Carlisle, Pa., December 23rd 1895.

Miss M. E. Hadley,
Wilmington, Ohio.

Dear Miss Hadley:-

It will be all right to keep Susie until after New Year's
Day, but she should start on Thursday, the 2nd, so as not to drop
behind to much in her classes,

(Dictated)
N.

In reply to:

B. F. Stahl, Mgr. Equitable Life Insurance Co.,

Market & 3rd Streets,
Harrisburg, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

I had thought that I would receive at least $2,000.00 but
I have determined to withdraw and you may arrange to pay me the
surrender value of my policy, as per your letter of the 21st.

(Dictated)
N.

449

VOL. 29

451

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 27th 1895.

Rev. Dr. J. M. Buckley,

Editor "Christian Advocate,"

150 Fifth Avenue, New York.

My dear Sirs:-

I fear your experiences and mine with Catholics have been radically different. My experiences with Jesuit priests in Indian matters show they do not hesitate to originate outrageous misstatements and resort to the most underhanded methods. When beginning here I determined to give the Catholic Church authority, the fullest liberty, compatible with the interests of the School, to handle the children coming from their care in the west, and in every way to avoid cause for them to complain. They have always had their children on Sundays for church and Sunday School purposes, and one week day evening each week to lecture to them here at the School. I, furnishing the room. I hear over and over again that the Priest poisons the minds of these children against Protestants. Three of the five priests stationed in Carlisle during the sixteen years have been drunkards and worse. Their papers then charge me with denying them their children and compelling the children to go to Protestant Churches and Sunday Schools and then the Priests have

VOL. 29

452

Rev. Dr. J. M. Buckley, page 2.

Not had the manhood to contradict these attacks, though they freely
admit the lie to me personally. I have always given the Priest the
fullest opportunity to put their Catholic literature into our read-
ing rooms and more than a dozen of their papers and magazines come
regularly, in some cases several numbers of each. These now and
then conatin editorial censure of me, lies out of whole cloth in
some cases, and yet the priest will never correct them nor will their
papers publish correction when such correction is written by Catholic
students of the School. It is well established to me, and admitted
in their publications, that the major part of the saloon keepers in
the United States are Catholics, and that the church fattens on the
revenues derived from that source is equally undisputed. They make
a show here and there of opposition to the whiskey traffic, but if
they really wanted to end it where is there more absolute power?

We will advertise your "Wit, Humor and Pathos of Travel," as
the lecture to be given February 25th.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

456

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 26th 1896.

B. F. Stahl, Mgr. Equitable Insurance Society,
Market and Third Streets,
Harrisburg, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

Nothing I see satisfactorily sustains your statements as to the superior value of my policy. The fact that I can retire from it now only with such great loss indicates the future. The more I study Tontine the more objectionable it seems, making great pretence to get the insurance and turning to ashes at the last. I begin to think that the only proper and legitimate insurance is the regular life plan. You promised to get me statements to show the actual results of 20 year Tontine policies maturing from age about 47, but none came. The $5.00, which I should have paid, I was not aware of. Of course I do not wish you to be at any personal expense on my account, and will reimburse you. I shall expect you to arrange for settlement of my policy on the 28th of February.

Yours truly,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 27th 1890.

My dear Miss Ackermann:-

It was very pleasant to receive your greetings Christmas
day; both in the cup and saucer which reached me in the morning,
and which I am sure will give me a taste of royalty coming from
famous Eastnor, as it does, and in your telegram which came Christ-
mas evening. I thank you for thus remembering us. My family, the
faculty and the pupils join me in wishing that the New Year may be
a very happy one for you.

We are anticipating the pleasure of seeing you soon, as I hear
you are coming this way again. You know a welcome always awaits you
at Carlisle.

With cordial regards,

Yours faithfully,

N.

Miss Jessie A. Ackermann,
615 Fifty-ninth Street,
Englewood, Illinois.

VOL. 29

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 30th 1895.

Rev. Dr. J. A. Lippincott,
110 North 17th Street,
Philadelphia.

My dear Doctor:-

I have no actual knowledge as to how the additional reductions were made in the Indian schools after the Wittenburg, Romona, Greenville and Hope Schools were turned into Government schools and the White's Manual Training School retired. The reduction must of necessity have fallen upon the Catholics, who still had their full grip after all the other denominational schools had retired from the field. You can see that nearly one half the reduction was made among the Protestant schools who were really at that time getting only about 1/10 of the amount appropriated. The grip of Catholicism on the Indian Office is just about the same, as it was in Cleveland's former administration. There is nothing left for us to do but to wait. You can see by the Commissioner's report that he is evasive.

I am not well. I feel it more and more that I should take a long lay off, but I don't see how it is possible just now, because Congress is in session and it is made up of new men who must be

VOL. 29

459

Dr. Lippincott, page 3.

educated. I intend going down to Washington for that purpose before long. The Board of Indian Commissioners meets at the Ebbitt House on the 16th and I am urged by General Whittlesey to extend invitations to anyone interested, so that you will be welcome, should you care to go.

Richenda wrote us of your kindness to her. She is home now and has told us of her very pleasant experiences. I thank you and Mrs. Lippincott for your kind attentions to her.

I send you by this same mail something that will interest you.

Things go fairly well with us but I am somewhat estranged from my official superiors in Washington.

With best wishes from us all, I am, dear Doctor,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

461

70

In reply to:

Patreitic Publishing Co.,
46 Porter Street,
Detroit, Michigan.

Gentlemen:-

Referring to my letter of December 10th ordering 1500 copies of the Dudleian Lecture, minus the A. P. A. platform, I have to advise you that I have not yet received the lecture pamphlets, nor have I heard since from you. If you wish me to remit before filling the order please advise.

Yours truly,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

462

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 30th 1896.

Hon. John B. Gordon,

U. S. Senate,

Washington, D. C.

My dear General:-

Several desired to entertain you on the occasion of your coming lecture here on the 25th, Mrs. Pratt and I among the number. I am just informed that the Committee has granted the honor and pleasure to us. I write to say that Mrs. Pratt and I express the hope that you will bring Mrs. Gordon and any other members of your family you care to with you. We have large accommodations and shall not be at all inconvenienced.

Please let me know the train on which you will arrive and I will meet you at the station.

With great respect,

Very sincerely yours,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 29

463

in apply to:

Wm. Little Chief,

Arapaho, O. T.

My dear Friend:-

Your letter of December 24th was a very pleasant surprise
It has been so long since I had heard from you that I had begun to
think that you had forgotten me. But I now see you remember.

First, I want to congratulate you on the fact that your people
have such confidence in you as to make you one of their principle
men. I have the greatest pleasure always in the advancement of
those who have been with me.

Mrs. Pratt and I often talk of the experiences we had when you
were with us and have a desire to know what has become of you all.
I think it would be very nice if we could have all who are living
come and see us here at Carlisle, particularly if they could come
at the end of February when we have our great annual gathering. Last
year there were over 700 young Indians here, our pupils, and one
meeting there were about 1500 white people present, - people from
Washington and all over this part of the country. Some time soon I
hope we may have such a gathering, and not only have the men who
were with us in Florida but men from many other tribes, north and

VOL. 29

4645

70

Wm. Little Chief, page 2.

south. We have a big place and everything so that we can take care
of our guests.

I am glad to report to you that the School goes on nicely. I
send you two books in which you will find pictures of us. Mrs.
Pratt and the children join me in love to you all, the Florida boys
and our returned pupils. Mrs. Pratt wants me to say to you
especially that she is very glad that you are no longer a little
chief, but are now a "big" chief, - which I think is very good, don't
you.

Your friend,

(Dictated)

H.

VOL. 29

465

Miss Bessie Hailman,

The Cairo,

Washington, D. C.

Dear Miss Hailman:-

I thank you for the "Ho-nan-ke-ah-bo-me."

I am glad to hear from Miss Silcott of your greatly improved health. You, of course, have the Carlisle news from Miss Silcott.

I am sorry to say that my vocal work this year does not satisfy me.

With the compliments of the season,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

406

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 30th 1898.

O. H. Coulter,

706 Wall Street,
Kansas City, Mo.

My dear Sirs-

Replying to yours of December 25th, O. B. Super is a professor in Dickinson College in Carlisle. He was asked by the Editor of the New England Magazine to furnish an article on this School. I gave him the material and he submitted the article to me for correction. I have today sent you the plates you asked for excepting three. The graduating class is being used by a paper in Ohio, but they have had time and we have written them to forward to you. The two plates on page 238 of the article belong to the magazine, and could only be had by purchase and the price seemed a little exorbitant or I should have owned them.

I am glad you approve of my work and ideas. Whatever may be said of them there are no final results in our Indian difficulties until my views are adopted. The present condition of the Indians and all that has been done for them and with them show that, aside from that I believe to be the commonsense view of the case anyway.

I should be glad to become acquainted with Congressman Blue and

VOL. 29

O. H. Coulter, page 2.

any others whom you may think it would be well for me to know, I
shall go to Washington towards the middle of January and remain for
a time for the purpose of making the acquaintance of the new men.
Any letters of introduction you may send me or letters you may write
to them direct will be, I am sure, a great favor.

Fraternally yours,

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A.,

Supt.

(Dictated)
N.

Mr. Curtis, of Kansas, being on the Indian Committee can be our
greatest help.

VOL. 29

in reply to.

Carlisle, Pa., December 30th 1995.

S. L. Brown,

Wilkesbarre, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I have a ten thousand dollar, twenty year Tontine policy
in the Equitable Life Insurance Society, which has now been running
eight years and am about to conclude in regard to the ninth payment.
No statement that the Company puts out satisfies me that Tontine
begins to meet the representations made to me in writing by the
Agent when I insured, and the copy of your letter to Mr. Rice, their
Agent, is sent to me to bolster up my faith. I do not exactly
understand your statement, and would be glad to know what the
conditions are. You say you have received $2,873.75, that you are
pleased with the settlement and have applied for a new policy of
$5,000.00. Will you kindly inform me the character of the settle-
ment. I should be glad to know the period for which your policy ran
the total amount you paid in and whether, as I anticipate, in the
settlement you took out the surplus and your policy was continued
as a paid up policy. I will be obliged to you for this information.

(Dictated)
H.

468

70

VOL. 29

46970

In reply to:

Dr. N. Y. Lest,
Scranton, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

A copy of a letter you wrote to Mr. Rice, Agent for the Equitable Life Insurance Society, is sent to me. Eight years ago I took out a ten thousand dollar twenty year Tontine policy in the Equitable. I have been looking for some of the results of Tontine and have found nothing that at all measures up to the representation put in writing for me by the Agent when I insured. The copy of your letter referred to is sent to me to establish my confidence. I cannot understand your letter exactly and if you will kindly enlighten me I shall be greatly obliged. Please let me know what the plan of settlement was. You said you took $6,262.10 in settlement, that this made your insurance cost $5.43 per one thousand dollars. Do you mean that your ten thousand dollar policy still remains in force as a paid up policy and that this $6,262.10 is the surplus which you were entitled to? I suppose my policy is very much like yours, excepting it is for twenty years.

Craving your pardon for encroaching upon your time, I am,

(Dictated) N.

Sept. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., December 31st 1896.

L. Carmon Bell,

Greencastle, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I send you a copy of the New England Magazine, which con-
tains the best article that has been written about us. I am sorry
to say that the cuts belonging to it have just gone to a paper in
Kansas City, Mo. I include with the book I send, my last annual
report. I am sorry to say that appeals for me to write articles on
Indian matters have been so frequent that I have practically
declined all invitations. I have no cuts of scenery among the
Indians on their reservations, but could send you photographs. You
may perhaps be aware that my views are entirely opposed to reserva-
tions and reservations methods.

(Dictated)
N.

471

VOL. 29

472

COPY TELEGRAM.

J. M. Pratt, Atty.,

325 Camp S. treet,
New Orleans, La.

Your letter of the 27th received. You should have mine of the
28th enclosing Howe's. I delay going for your further judgment.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

sent via Postal 4.35 P. M.,

Night message, Personal rate.

COPY TELEGRAM.

S. E. Howe,

Logansport, Indiana.

Mat writes he and Kate have arranged for temporary delay
not
to further test Logansport. Had I better wait?

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

sent via W. U. 4.37 P. M.,

Night message, personal rate.

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 1st 1896.

Miss Josie Vetter,
Rulo, Nebraska.

My dear Josie:-

I enclose herewith my personal check for $27.00 covering
the interest due on your 9 one hundred dollar bonds today. Please
acknowledge the receipt of the check.

Our new year is opening for us here with a most lovely day, and
we hope to have the year bright throughout for us as a School.

I hope you may have a very happy New Year.

Your friend,

N.

473

VOL. 29

In reply to:

To the Adjutant-General, U. S. A.,
Washington, D. C.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved
June 27th, per S. O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O.,
August 23rd, and Letter of Instructions from the Honorable Secretary
of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

My address for the next month is as above.

N.

VOL. 29

In reply to:

To the Adjutant,

10th U. S. Cavalry,

Fort Custer, Montana.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress, approved
June 27th, per S. O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O.,
August 23rd, and Letter of Instructions from the Honorable Secretary
of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

N.

175

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Major John Simpson, Q. M., U. S. A.,
Quartermaster's Department, U. S. A.,
1428 Arch Street, Philadelphia.

Sir:-

Herewith enclosed please find forage requisition in
duplicate for my two private horses for the month of January 1896.

N.

VOL. 29

<table><tr><td>In reply to:</td></tr></table>

Carlisle, Pa., January 7th 1896.

Robert Tempest,

464 North 8th Street,
Philadelphia.

Dear Sir:-

I have not yet had the pleasure of listening to your march so that I am unable to say whether I like it or not. Indeed, I have been extremely busy.

The book you sent was delivered to the young lady on Christmas.

We have as yet found no material poetic ability, excepting in the case of one young man who went home last year. It would be nice, of course, to find aesthetic talent and we hope to in the future, but first and foremost must come birth in the sweat of the face.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

In reply to:

J. Roe Young, U. S. Indian Agent,
Pima Agency, Saaton, Arizona.

My dear Major:-

I am in receipt of yours of January first announcing the
Carnival at Phoenix. While Mrs. Pratt and I would be glad to make
the trip, there are two reasons, either of them an effective block
in the way. First, we are too poor to indulge in the luxury,
second, our Commencement from the 25th to the 27th of February
interferes.

In regard to what you can do in the way of contrast between the
new and the old: I have made it a point ever since I began the
education-al work to make no parade of the old. Sometimes, when
it comes to me I photograph it and make use of it in the way of
contrast, but that is the full extent of my efforts on that line. So
far as the new, the civilized feature, is concerned, we put forward
every evidence we can on every possible occasion. Mr. Standing has
just gone to Atlanta to box up and ship back our exhibit there.
Everything in that exhibit, excepting a few photographs, show in
no way that the pupils are Indians, but everything shows that
the pupils can be made competent, capable and acceptable. I should

180

VOL. 29

J. Rice Young, page 2.

say that your schools would be able to make a good showing along the lines of progress, first in their progress in education, by lessening papers, drawings and other evidences from the school rooms, and second their industrial ability by showing the products of their labor. I do not know, of course, just what you have on these lines but certainly you have material enough to produce most creditable evidence.

Mrs. Pratt joins with me in thanking you and Mrs. Young for your kind invitation.

(Dictated)
N.

481

VOL. 29

482

<table><tr><td>in reply to:</td></tr></table>

Carlisle, Pa., January 7th 1894.

J. Roe Young, U. S. Indian Agent,
Pima Agency, Sacaton, Arizona.

Dear Major:-

You ask me to write you a letter setting forth my views of
the possibilities and future of the Indians as agriculturists and
to touch upon citizenship and such other qualities as I cared to.
An address I am to deliver in a few days absorbs my thought and time
just now.

In my dealing with the Indians, now nearly twenty-nine years,
as Acting Indian Agent, as Commander of Indian Scouts for a number
of years, and in charge of large bodies of Indian prisoners at Fort
Sill and also at Fort Marion, Florida, for nearly four years, and
as Superintendent of this School for now more than sixteen years and
from the standpoint of an observer of the Indians in all parts of
the country, north, south, east and west, I wish to make the
statement pointed and emphatic that the Indian himself is no problem;
that the difficulties we contend with in what we are mistakenly doing
for him, or attempting to do, are all legitimate fruits of our
impracticable methods, and would produce exactly the same results
if applied to other races. The Indian can be an agriculturist,

VOL. 29

183

J. Re. Young, page 2.

indigenous, skillful and competent in every way. But it will be
only through using exactly the same means that we are to make
other people agriculturists, industrial, skillful and competent,
and continued success will bring in its train, as it does in the case
of every other man, upon his surroundings. In other words, agric-
culture is a trade, the white man and black man lease through
apprenticeship. The better the apprenticeship the more perfect the
results. To reach the same success the Indian needs to travel
exactly the same road. If you let your son grow to manhood without
any experience in agriculture and then give him 160 acres of land,
be it ever so good, and tell him to "root, hog or die," you would
be counted at least somewhat insane. We are failing all along the
lines of lands in severalty now and shall, if we keep it up, continue
to fall until the end of time, because we have not allowed the Indian
his apprenticeship. I contended in the very beginning that all
theoretical plans for making the Indian lift himself into citizen-
ship, agriculture, and everything else, by his bootstraps, would be a
failure. The following are extracts from my editorials written in
November 1888 and December 1889:

The sentiment that "the only good Indian is a good one," has
about served its day, and we are now greeted with the newer pro-
positions of land, law and citizenship.

These later schemes, while they are a tremendous advance on the
former sentiment, are still weak and of a most insidious, and
shirking character.

Land to be used in a civilized way is practically useless
without a knowledge of that way. Civilized law, for a man utterly
ignorant of its uses, and citizenship, the protection of which he
knows nothing, still leaves him a prey to the designing and covetous.

VOL. 29

484

J. Roe Young, page 3.

We are willing to admit that if land, law and citizenship are
placarded upon the Indian it will have a strong, a very great tendency
to hastening us to do the other real and foremost service for him,
that is, give him the knowledge, training and experience that will
make him land, law and citizenship valuable to him, because his outer
helplessness in their uses will then become glaringly apparent to us.

There are multitudes and multitudes who are willing to labor
with the dignitaries and influence of the country for a law or
laws of Congress giving such instantaneous elevation as a law or
declaration of Coneresca can give, out there are not so many who will
take hold of this degraded, soiled brother and wash and work upon
him to the end that he may become master of himself and stand in
his place and for his own rights among men. If we want to do
real and lasting good for the Indian we must clean him up and teach
him to keep himself so; educate him and experience him out of his
helpless ward condition.

## The Severalty Bill.

XXXXThis measure will add vastly to the attempts now being made
to break up the trital relation, and establish the rights and privi-
leges of the individual man. It will not itself accomplish these
results for the reason that even if carried out to the fullest
extent that the law provides, the individual Indian is still chained
to the locality and neighborhood in which the commune before pre-
vailed, and for that very reason the influence of the commune and
the old systems will continue. The influence of the act, and one
of its greatest benefits will be to make it more and more apparent
that education, training in industries, and competitions, chance
and freedom of civilized life are the greatest needs. The Indian
must be developed just as every other man is developed. With mind
and land trained in civilized pursuits the Indian will develop his
160 acres, - civilize it, so to speak. Without being so educated and
trained the chances are that his 160 acres will remain, like himself
barren and waste.

You will see that these sentiments cover my ideas not only in
regard to agriculture but citizenship and all other phases of Indian
development. I am sorry that I have not more time to write with
greater particularity.

Sincerely yours,

(Dictated)
N.

Capt. 10th Cav'y., Supt.

VOL. 29

485

Carlisle, Pa., January 14th 1896.

J. E. V. Cooke,

556 Prospect Street,

Cleveland, Ohio.

My dear Sir:-

Our Commencement occurs the end of February and we are
crowded with work and entertainments between now and that time, so
that I do not see my way clear to use you.

Yours truly,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 29

in reply to:

Rev. S. Tada,

41 East 69th Street,
New York.

My dear Mr. Tada:-

I send you by express today the 50 lantern slides you had selected. You had better return them to me after you have used them, unless you have another appointment soon, and I will then send them to you again for your later lecture.

(Dictated)
N.

486

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Carlsbad, N. H., January 14th 1996.

C. M. Frazier, Chairman Carnival Association,
Phoenix, Arizona.

I am, your very true, friend.

Your kind invitation together with one from the Director
General was duly received. I have replied to Mr. Hatch. It is
quite impossible for me to be with you on the pleasant occasion,
because of the nearness of my commencement season here.

Thanking you for your invitation, I am,

Yours very truly,

(Dictated)
N.

487

VOL. 29

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 14th 1936.

Mrs. Elizabeth Yarnell,
Media, Pa.

Dear Friend:-

I send you a copy of the New England Magazine containing an article on Carlisle which is quite complete. I do not know of any article giving the general condition of the Indians today.

Perhaps the best account would be the report of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs and that is not of a nature to give you much help, for it is full of statistics and is a one-sided Government account.

I am sorry I am not able to give you more assistance.

(Dictated)
N.

488

VOL. 29

489

in reply to

Carrlsburg, Pa., January 14th 1898.

Francis G. Hatch, Director General,
Mid-Winter Carnival.

Phoenix, Arizona.

My dear Sirs:-

It would give me great pleasure to be able to accept your kind invitation to be present at your Carnival February 15th to the 22nd, but for several years we have held our Commencement exercises at the end of February in order that they might be at a time when Congress was in session and our students who were with farmers and the farmers themselves might be with us. This year our Commencement will be on the 26th, 26th and 27th. The necessary preparation for that and the nearness of your Festivities makes it quite impossible for me to think of being with you. I thank you for the invitation.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

490

In reply to:

Carliate, P.O. January 14th 1896.

Rev. Gen. Runciman.

Versailles, New York.

My dear Sirs:-

We shall be very greatly pleased to have you and the ten
principal men with us at our Commencement. If you will write us
just the number of tickets wanted, I will arrange that round trip
tickets be placed at Elimina for your uses for the rate one way. The
chances are that we shall have so many visitors at that time that
I may be compelled to let the Indians turn in with our students,
but I think they will be very comfortable, and if it is possible
to give them accommodations with ourselves, I will do that.

(Dictated)
H.

VOL. 29

491

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Carlsbad, Pa., January 14th 1896.

John D. Miles,

Lawrence, Kansas.

Fried Myles:-

I have seen nothing of the bill you speak of appointing
the commission of three. I cannot imagine that I would want to be
one of such divided responsibility. I do not believe you would
either. Of course I ought not to declare before knowing about it,
but it seems to me from a glance that it is nothing more than a
"make-shift." Something ought to be done to end the present Indian
Bureau, which has never done anything to help the Indians out of
their conglomerate condition, and never will.

When you gave me the "go-by" on your trip east I concluded you
intended to cut my acquaintance, consequently I have carried myself
accordingly.

I will endeavor to get the bill when printed, if such a bill
has been introduced, (I see no record of it in the Congressional
Record), and give it more thought.

With cordial regards and best wishes.

(dictated)
N.

VOL. 29

192

In reply to:

Esther M. Dagenett,

Chicopee Indian School,

Arkansas City, Kansas.

My dear Esther:-

I did not for one moment, and never have, doubted your
loyalty to Carlisle and me, nor did I doubt you had done the very
best you could in the way of pupils. The only point I regret about
it is that you should have felt so anxious to get pupils as to be
willing to receive those who were so unworthy. The behavior of
the two boys who got drunk plainly indicated that they were old
hands at the business, and for swearing and vile language by all
accounts they were as bad as any we have ever had at the School.
Such fellows do not deserve the privileges of schooling anywhere.
What they need is the pressure of necessity to make their own way in
the world and let them go up or down on that. But it is all right
dear Esther, and while I spoke a little warmly I spoke just as I
felt and in time you will get a re-issue of the check covering the
amount covered in the vouchers. That I must of necessity send you
because it is the only way I have of closing my accounts. The
United States Government must understand that there are not always

VOL. 29

In reply to:

J. R. Young, U. S. Indian Agent,
Pima Agency, Sacaton, Arizona.

My dear Major:-

Sometime ago we had a message from somebody at your place signing himself "Acting Indian Agent" asking if we would take more children from the Pimas. Who this person was I cannot now recall, but I answered unfavorably. In speaking of it here in the office, someone said that you had resigned. We wanted to send you your accounts, which I did some days ago, and as they are getting mighty particular down there in Washington about time, I was in a hurry and so telegraphed, thinking I might strike you in Kentucky or some place east. As soon as I received your message I sent off the documents. Before this you will have received my several letters about this and your Phoenix matter.

494

VOL. 29

In reply to:

S. E. Howe,

Logansport, Indiana.

My dear Sir:-

Mother's care has entirely devolved upon Mat. He has agreed to provide for her necessities. This he can now do and he agrees to notify me in case he is unable to meet them, and I have therefore placed the whole matter in his hands, he must determine what to do.

Yours truly,

(Dictated)
N.

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4963

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 16th 1896.

Mrs. Kate Howe,

Cor. North & 6th Streets,
Logansport, Indiana.

Dear Aunt Kate:-

I must let Mat assume the responsibility for Mother. He has agreed to do so and I think it more than right that he should do so now, and in that case he must determine her location. Should he fail in ability to meet the issues he has agreed to inform me of that fact, when I would determine what to do. It seems to me that it would be very wise for Mother to go to her sister, if she will. She would not stay with Mat and would not stay with me although she had as comfortable a room and as great conveniences here as I thought she could possibly have anywhere.

I quite agree with you about the probability of change should she go to Lottie's. Indeed, wherever she went she would likely demand change soon.

I have a very urgent letter from Cousin Laura Shoemaker asking me to let Mother go there and saying that her husband and son were out of work and that the amount of money paid for Mother's support would help them. They live in Grand Rapids. I should not favor

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497

Mrs. Kate Howe, page 2,

that and have so written her.

If we were not so placed here as to make it imperative that
our house be free from such conditions as Mother brings, I should
attempt to bring her here and keep her with us, even though she
should make objections. But my cares and the demands upon me are
of such a nature as to make the annoyances Mother brings more than
I can undertake.

Mat does not seem to favor Mother's leaving Logansport and I
prefer that his judgment should now prevail. He thinks your presence
and the familiar surroundings better than sending her to strange
surroundings even though with the most kindly other relatives, but
of course you and he understand each other.

Your nephew,

(Diated)
N.

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498

is reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 15th 1896.

Miss Lottie Herrick,
Delta, Fulton Co., Ohio.

Dear Cousin Lottie:--

I have just returned from several days' absence.

It now seems pretty well settled that Mother, if she can be persuaded, shall go to Aunt Ann's. The responsibility for Mother's affairs must rest upon Mat for the present, and of course he must exercise his judgment in regard to them. I agreed with you confidentially only in case Mother went to you and Mat failed to cover the expenses I would stand for them.

(Dictated)
N.

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499

In reply to:

J. M. Pratt, Atty.-at-Law,

325 Camp Street,

New Orleans, La.

My dear Brother Mat:-

I was only willing to go to Logansport on the urgency of
Howe's letter. I entirely agree with your diagnosis of the
situation. Still it seems to me there is this to consider: if
Mother would be quite willing to go to Aunt Ann's and Aunt Ann
is willing to undertake her care for $5.00 per week, as Aunt Kate
says she is, it would seem under the circumstances, that for your
sake that ought to be done. I have repeated letters from Howe who
seems especially urgent to get Mother out of Logansport. However,
I think the whole affair had better rest on your judgment while you
are able to take care of it, and I trust you may continue to be. If
my pay should be restored to what it was before, I would very cheer-
fully join you and should it become absolutely necessary I shall
have to join you anyhow, though I am much cumbered and perple-
scinded.

We are all now quite well and send love to you all.

Your brother,

(Dated)

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