sent out.

brought by both the Harvard Summer School and the Foundation before it was
understood that the final edition of the second letter will be sub-
mitted and me a copy of the letter of appointment sent out last year.
taking with all Seminar delegates, however, I should appreciate it if you
to do this. In order to insure that we conform to the approach you are
of our conception of the second letter cited above. We shall be happy

During our conversation you mentioned we should send you a draft

the last letter. Do you have a special rate for air travel?
to Cambridge via Europe, even though the delegates would travel by air on
understanding your point of view if being less expensive to go from Indonesia
Travel will be by the most economical route. I do not dispute

accordingly.

procedure. If they do not we will be happy to modify the General rule
ordering of his ticket. Some representatives may not transit on this
flight with the delegate understanding that if it is a necessary step in the
generals, however, we consider it important that this contact be established
word from us that they have made contact with our representatives. In
arrangements for delegates accompanied by the Foundation without awaiting
quite optionally, it would be possible for you to make travel

entirely by you.
debate not being accompanied by the Foundation will naturally be handled
will then turn over the ticket to the delegate. Arrangements for Aafen
to us for dispatch to our field office. The Foundation's representative
tickets, breakfast through the Welfare Travel Service, and lorrain
receiving the information, your office will acquire reservations and
Francisco office the baronina of the delegate's departure. After
The representative will then indicate to you through our San

The name and address of the representative will be identified.
to approach the Foundation's local representative to consummate travel arrange-
ments. The delegate's participation possible. This letter will ask each delegate
Afa's Foundation so the source of the travel and maintenance grant making
the delegate's acceptance to the Seminar. The second will identify the
letter, identical to that sent to all Seminar participants, announcing
representatives have agreed to absorb. The third will be a General
Two letters are to be sent by you to those delegates on

which had previously been at issue:
ing announcement of our grant and the handling of travel arrangements
like to set forth my understanding of the procedure agreed upon concern-
ing our telephone conversation of January 28, I should
To confirm our telephone conversation of January 28, I should

Dear Henry:

January 31, 1982
San Francisco 2, California
102 Market Street
The Afa's Foundation

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger

- 2 -

January 31, 1957

One matter we did not discuss was the timing of the second letter. We believe that it should accompany the general letter of appointment or at least be dispatched from Cambridge on the same day. Please let me know your reaction to this.

I am happy, personally, that we seem to have reached a reasonable compromise which meets our requirements yet preserves the integrity of your own relationships to Seminar delegates. If the procedures agreed upon prove too comdesome, impractical or ineffective we can adjust them in the future.

A letter will go out to all representatives of the Foundation Monday. I trust and expect we will have response within three weeks. As soon as you have the new Seminar announcements please send them.

All the best.

Organizing Relations Diagram
Richard C. Heggie

Sincerely yours,

All the best.

As soon as you have the new Seminar announcements please send them. Monday. I trust and expect we will have responses within three weeks.

A letter will go out to all representatives of the Foundation in the future.

You may have too copies, inoperative or ineffective we can adjust them of your own relationships to Seminar delegates. If the procedures agreed to, we will meet with our requirements and preserve the integrity of our own relationships to Seminar delegates.

I am happy, personally, that we seem to have reached a reason-

know your reaction to this.

at least be dispatched from Cambridge on the same day. Please let me know that it should a company the General letter of appointment or

Dr. Henry V. Krausberg

- S -

January 31, 1967

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
CONFLUENCE
AN INTERNATIONAL FORUM

10 WELD HALL
CAMBRIDGE 38, MASSACHUSETTS

HENRY A. KISSINGER, Editor

PUBLISHED UNDER THE AUSPICES OF THE
HARVARD SUMMER SCHOOL
OF ARTS AND SCIENCES AND OF EDUCATION

WILLIAM Y. ELLIOTT, Director

February 4, 1957

Mr. Henry A. Kissinger
225 East 73rd Street
New York, New York

Dear Mr. Kissinger:

I seem to be barraging you with letters. I thought you would like to see the four copies of letters from Heggie, Jafri, Latham and Fujimaki. If you answer them there, do you think you could have an extra carbon made for us?

I asked Whitcomb about which really was cheaper, via Asia or Europe, and the dividing line seems to be Singapore. He is going to send us a complete list, but he gave me some figures you might like to have now. Manila, Hong Kong, Haiti and Tokyo are cheaper by the Pacific. So is Indonesia: 1378 via London versus 1320.80(flying). Delhi is definitely cheaper via London: 1040.30 versus 1532.50. (but we told the Asia Foundation the cost per Indian would be 1100.) Singapore is 1317 - London versus 1320.80 - Pacific. Do you want the complete figures when they come? We do get a rate on sea travel in that we get one free passage, but it doesn't amount to much per person. I am enclosing some announcements and applications.

Ginny and I have been moved out of the office completely, but the painters should be through by Wednesday or Thursday. I am not sure the filing system will ever recover from this.

Amherst College
Amherst, Massachusetts
Department of Political Science
February 1, 1957

Dear Henry:

I am sorry to have left my plans up in the air past the time
when you wanted a definite reply to your invitation to join the Seminar
again next summer. It was my fault to mistake the date for decisions.

Despite your many friendly expressions, I think that I shall
have to stay with the study for the Fund for the Republic to which I
have committed myself. In the past I have thought that I could get some
of my own work done during the two months in Cambridge, but this has never
turned out as expected. The Seminar is so interesting to me, and I like
to do what I can with the visitors so much, that I get absorbed and never
make the time to do other things. The only exception is some editorial
work that I get done for Harcourt, Brace, but this can be picked up and
put down. The work on the Fund project requires continuous application.

It is with great regret that I think of an un-Seminaried summer
(maybe it's unseminated) because the experience with the foreign visitors
is one to which I have looked forward each year. Neither of us can tell
what will befall in the summer 1958, but maybe I can put my application
in now for a job then.

All good wishes for a seminar of the high distinction which
marks all of your work.

Earl Ibbey

Yours,

marks all of your work.

All food wishes for a semester of the high distinction which

in now for a job then.

what will behalf in the summer 1958, but maybe I can but my application
is one to which I have looked forward each year. Neither of us can tell
(made it's aaaaaaated) because the experience with the foreign visitors
It is with great regret that I think of an un- Seminared summer

but down. The work on the Fund project requires continuous application.
work that I get done for Hercount, Grace, but this can be picked up and
make the time to do other things. The only exception is some editorial
work to do what I can with the visitors so much, that I get absorbed and never
turned out as expected. The Semester is so interesting to me, and I like
of my own work done during the two months in Cambridge, but this has never
have committed myself. In the past I have thought that I could get some
have to stay with the staff for the Fund for the Republic to which I

Deaite your many friendly expressions, I think that I shall

again next summer. It was my pleasure to make the date for decisions.
when you wanted a definite reply to your invitation to join the Semester
I am sorry to have left my plans up in the sin past the time

Dear Henry:

February 1, 1957
Department of Political Science
University, Massachusetts
Amherst College

HARVARD

UNIVERSITY

Harvard Summer School of Arts and Sciences and of Education

INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR

JULY 1-AUGUST 21, 1957

**Purpose of the Seminar:** The Harvard International Seminar provides an opportunity for promising individuals from abroad to discuss the nature of present-day problems with their contemporaries in other European and Asian countries and in the United States. It particularly wishes to attract individuals whose normal activities prevent extended periods of absence from their home countries and who are therefore ineligible for existing exchange programs. It is primarily designed for individuals who are achieving eminence in some field of endeavor, and who wish to broaden themselves through contact with colleagues from other countries; it is not for students interested in a course of instruction. The 1957 session expects to invite twenty participants from Europe and twenty from Asia and the Middle East.

**Stipend:** The Harvard International Seminar will assume all the expenses of its participants, including transportation to and from their homes, room, board, tuition, and a weekly allowance for personal expenses. Participants will live in Harvard University dormitories. No provision for families can be made. This stipend does not cover expenses incurred in obtaining visas or in filing the application.

**Program:** The program of the Harvard International Seminar has three parts:

a. It will give its participants an opportunity to become acquainted with various aspects of American life through a program of distinguished guest speakers from the professions, labor unions, industry, government, literary and artistic circles, and other spheres, as well as through visits to industrial plants, newspapers, public institutions, and other organizations of interest to the participant.

b. A formal academic program: This will take the form of groups of approximately twelve members discussing problems of contemporary interest under the general supervision of a faculty member. Their subject matter will be of sufficient scope to permit each participant to treat it from the point of view of his special discipline or particular field of interest. It is expected that one group will deal primarily with political problems, another with economics and sociology, and a third with the humanities. Each successful applicant, upon acceptance, will be furnished with a prospectus outlining the work in which his group expects to engage. The emphasis of these groups will be less on formal research than on utilizing the special competence of the participant through discussions and reports.

c. Each national delegation will be given an opportunity to speak to an American audience on some aspect of its own country at least once during its stay at Harvard.

**Qualifications:** Preference will be given to individuals who are already active in some field of endeavor. Applicants should be between the ages of 26 and 40 and have a good command of the English language.

**Method of Application:** All applications should reach the Harvard International Seminar, 10 Weld Hall, Cambridge 38, Massachusetts, no later than March 15th. They should be accompanied by a photograph, two letters of recommendation, and a letter in *English* by the applicant outlining the reason for his interest in the Seminar and the contribution he expects to make to it. The applicant will be notified of the decision in his case during the second half of April. *Candidates must be prepared to leave for the United States by June 20th from Asia and by June 25th from Europe.*

["from Arts and by June 25th from Europe.", "case during the second half of April. Candidates must be prepared to leave for the United States by June 20th in the Seminar and the contribution he expects to make to it. The applicant will be notified of the decision in his graph, two letters of recommendation, and a letter in English by the applicant outlining the reason for his interest. Hall Cambridge 38, Massachusetts, no later than March 12th. They should be accompanied by a photo-\n\n**Method of Application:** All applications should reach the Harvard International Seminar to Meld", "Applicants should be between the ages of 30 and 40 and have a good command of the English language.", "**Qualifications:** Preference will be given to individuals who are already active in some field of endeavor. Its own country at least once during its stay at Harvard.", "c. Each national delegation will be given an opportunity to ask to an American audience on some aspect of\nclassical and reports.", "groups will be less on formal research than on utilizing the academic competence of the participant through dis-\n門\n門\n門\n门\n门\n门\n门\n门\n门\n门\n门\n门\n门

January 31, 1957

Mr. Harry Starr, President
The Lucius N. Littauer Foundation
345 East 46th Street
New York 17, New York

Dear Mr. Starr:

I am writing to inquire into the possibility of obtaining the
assistance of The Lucius N. Littauer Foundation in supporting the
1957 session of the International Seminar at Harvard.

The Seminar, which we have been conducting for the past six years,
originated in the belief that existing exchange programs failed to provide
an opportunity to a group on the verge of reaching positions of leadership
in their countries. We thought particularly of the generation which
matured during the war and witnessed the despair and destruction of its
aftermath. Too old for existing student exchange programs, too active to
leave their countries for extended periods, these men and women have felt
isolated and, too often, have sought refuge in a narrow nationalism. It
was our belief that a meeting of the most promising representatives of
this group in an atmosphere of tolerance, created by a privately sponsored
program would go far to promote a better appreciation of common problems
and of America's deeper values.

We therefore invited each year about forty individuals equally
divided between Europe and Asia, together with a few outstanding young
Americans. They have included a number of editors, legislators, government
officials and labor leaders, as well as representatives from literary,
academic and artistic circles. You will find a list of participants of
previous years in Appendix H of the enclosed report. We have made no
effort to "propagandize" our participants, and this may have been the major
cause for our success. Instead, we have exhibited the United States in all
its plurality, inviting representative speakers from all walks of American
life, including Harold Stassen, Felix Frankfurter, Thornton Wilder, Philip
Reed, Robert Moses, Joshua Logan, Robert Bowie, Joseph Johnson and McGeorge
Bundy. Every speaker has been invited to an informal lunch with the group,
and has been available for questioning after his talk, so that insofar as
possible we have tried to avoid any impression of condescension and preaching --
the bane of so many efforts at international understanding.

I will not say that our participants arrived disliking the United
States and left as enthusiastic supporters; the change has been more subtle.

Mr. Harry Starr

- 2 -

January 31, 1957

Even those who left with some misgivings nevertheless were convinced that the stereotypes of their nationalist press were false. Since they have the media of communication of their countries at their disposal, their impact has been considerable. One Indian Government official broadcast an account of his impressions of the Seminar over All-India Radio. Another participant has written a small book about his experiences in the United States. Many of this year's participants are also writing newspaper articles about their impressions of this country, and are giving lectures and informal talks. At the same time, all the participants have acquired a greater awareness of the problems of other countries, and one of the most useful results of our Seminar has been the cultural exchange which has been started among the participating countries, for the participants are now writing for journals in the other countries, keeping each other informed about academic, political and cultural events.

We have felt very strongly that although the central focus of the Seminar is upon the United States, this emphasis is by no means the limit of the range of our purpose. The experience of forty participants from nineteen different countries, who live together in an informal atmosphere separated from their day to day concerns is perhaps one of the most important accomplishments of the Seminar. I think the best testimony to the effectiveness of what we have been doing is not anything I could say, but is in the letters which we receive throughout the years from former participants, some of which are included in the enclosed report, Appendix A.

Our 1956 session was well up to the levels of previous years, and the group was one of the best we have had. One of the most significant results of the Seminar has been the plan of our Indian participants to organize a congress of former Asian Seminar members to be held in New Delhi next year, and we are working on this at the present time. Our Seminar members have also formed the Harvard International Seminar Association among former participants. Through this Association they keep in touch with each other, help each other during visits to foreign countries, and assist us in selecting the participants for future years.

Ever since its beginning, the Seminar has been operated on a shoe-string basis. We have been absolutely rigid about not accepting Government money or even indirect support from any government, either United States or foreign. Although Harvard contributes close to 10% of our budget, we have been forced each year to raise about $60,000, most of which goes for transportation, living expenses, and faculty salaries. I would like to emphasize that our participants receive a weekly allowance of only $15 for weekend meals and incidental expenses, and that none of our guest speakers are paid honoraria for their appearance. Moreover, the salaries of both the staff and the director are almost token salaries, so that every cent we have raised has gone to the direct operation of the Seminar.

Our budget has been made up from grants from foundations and from private contributions. Since each foundation has been giving grants on a sliding scale, reducing its contribution each year, we have had to do a great deal of fund-raising simply to stay even, and we have never had a margin to exploit some of the by-products of the Seminar such as closer association among Seminar participants, along the lines of a letter written by one of

Mr. Harry Starr

- 3 -

January 31, 1957

our Dutch participants, which you will find on page 9 of this report. (I
might add that Mr. Wemelsfelder is anything but a hysterical type.) It
would therefore be of tremendous help if you would find it possible to
take some interest in the Seminar, and to help us meet our continuing
deficit. As it stands now, unless we make up a gap of some $25,000 this
year, and about $30,000 next year, we will be forced to curtail and eventually
to suspend operations. Any contribution The Littauer Foundation could make
toward meeting this deficit would be greatly appreciated.

I do not doubt that you are overwhelmed with requests of this
kind. Everyone who has seen or attended the Seminar, however, has felt
so strongly about it that perhaps we may be forgiven for feeling that it
is something a little special. I am sure that any of our guest speakers
whose names you will find in Appendix B will be glad to comment about their
reactions.

I apologize for the rather pedestrian appearance of the enclosed
report, but this is a symptom of the shoestring budget under which we have
been operating. I should particularly like to call your attention to
Appendix A which includes comments by Seminar members, and Appendix B which
includes comments by a few of our guest speakers. I should be glad to come
to New York to discuss this matter further, or I should be glad to make any
other material available to you if you should think it useful.

January 31, 1957

Michael Davis, Esq.
St. Mary's
Detillens Lane
Oxted, Surrey, England

My dear Michael:

Thank you for your two letters which have proved
very helpful indeed. It is extremely nice of you to
take such pains.

I share your feeling about international con-
ferences. Indeed, I have recently written an article
about it in Foreign Affairs; I will send you a copy of
it from New York. I have written to several of the
people you suggest and I do hope they will write for
us.

I am depressed by international developments.
Great Britain has not distinguished itself for wise
planning. It seems to me that an operation such as
the seizure of the Suez Canal can succeed only if it
is done very quickly, and I will never understand why
your people waited ten days before they landed the
first troops. But I am sure you will not tell me
either. On the other hand, our own policy - but I
better not get started on that lest I use bad language.

Warm regards.

January 31, 1957

Mr. Neville T.D. Kanakaratne
103 Greenlands Road
Colombo, Ceylon

My dear Neville:

Thank you for your letter which reached me just as I was beginning to think that my remarks about the Asian attitude with respect to Hungary might have hurt your feelings. Instead, you were probably pursuing some Swedish girl (who, if I am informed correctly, do not need much pursuing).

I quite agree with you that the British behavior in Egypt was not wise. It was worse than a crime, it was a stupidity. But I am getting a little tired of Krishna Menon comparing the situation in Hungary to the situation in Egypt. I am certain that the casualties in Hungary were a hundred times those in Egypt. The expedition in Egypt was the last gasp of a declining power, and even if it had succeeded it would not have lasted.

I do feel, however, they Ceylon, though a small country, has behaved with extraordinary dignity in this whole affair.

If you receive a diplomatic appointment, I too hope that it will be New York. This would be one inducement to attend UN debates, which badly need the eloquence which I have learned to admire in you.

Do let us stay in contact. Warm regards.

February 1, 1957

Dear Mr. Kissinger:

It seems long overdue to write you from the hermitage of Yale,
the arch-foe of your alma mater. A lot of heavy and pressing burdens
of preparations for my trip to the States had completely immobilized my
quick pen against my will.

I got a fellowship of graduate school of Yale for the spring term
in the department of political science.

On January 11, I arrived at Los Angeles where Mr. Sakurauchi
came up to see me at the port. Then I flew to Chicago to briefly interrupt
my involuntary separation of some two years with my wife-radiologist.

I came to New Haven on January 26 and on the 28th I finally settled
in a quiet corner of an undergraduate dormitory called Silliman College.

On Jan. 31, I went to New York to see a number of friends in-
cluding Mr. Colahan of Cultural Freedom. (I had got a letter of introduction
to him from Prof. Seki of Tokyo Metropolitan University.) He told me that
Mr. Kissinger was "quite a man" and had his offices in New York. I came
across Mr. Nagai of the Industrial Bank of Japan.

I have a plan to go to New York from time to time in order to
escape the sleepy ivory tower for that "insane" city where people are
living their busy, hectic and ruthless life.

I hope with all my heart that I shall be able to have a great
honor to see the gentleman who has grown up out of Weld Hall 10 to a man
of national stature.

With best regards to Mrs. Kissinger.

Conn.
New Haven
Yale Station
P.O.Box 1133
Shrimper's Point
Stucoray, N.Y.

With best regards to Mrs. Krasinger.

of national stature.

I hope with all my heart that I shall be able to have a great living their pulpit, peace and serenity life.

Especially the feedlot, tower for that "issue" city where people are

across Mr. Magsi of the Industrial Bank of Japan.

Mr. Krasinger was "duly a man" and had his offices in New York. I came to him from Prot. Seki of Tokyo Metropolitan University.) He told me that Prof. Mr. Colshan of Chicago, Freedom. (I had got a letter of introduction on Jan. 31. I went to New York to see a number of friends in-

in a quiet corner of an undergraduate dormitory, cajoled Siffman College.

I came to New Haven on January 20 and on the 28th I finally settled in involuntarily, absorption of some two years with my wife—psychologist, came up to see me at the port. Then I flew to Chicago to briefly interrupt

On January 11, I arrived at Los Angeles where Mr. Sakurashi in the department of political science.

quickened again at my will.

of preparations for my trip to the States had completely immobilised my the arch-toe of my arm, same water. A lot of heavy and breathing paces.

It seems long overdue to write now from the permitage of Yale,

Dear Mr. Krasinger:

February 1, 1937

February 1, 1957

Mr. William S. Paley, President
William S. Paley Foundation, Inc.
1485 Madison Avenue
New York 22, New York

Dear Mr. Paley:

I am writing to inquire into the possibility of obtaining the
assistance of the William S. Paley Foundation in supporting the 1957
session of the International Seminar at Harvard.

The Seminar, which we have been conducting for the past six
years, originated in the belief that existing exchange programs failed
to provide an opportunity to a group on the verge of reaching positions
of leadership in their countries. We thought particularly of the gener-
ation which matured during the war and witnessed the despair and destruc-
tion of its aftermath. Too old for existing student exchange programs,
too active to leave their countries for extended periods, these men and
women have felt isolated and, too often, have sought refuge in a narrow
nationalism. It was our belief that a meeting of the most promising
representatives of this group in an atmosphere of tolerance, created by
a privately sponsored program would go far to promote a better appreciation
of common problems and of America's deeper values.

We therefore invited each year about forty individuals equally
divided between Europe and Asia, together with a few outstanding young
Americans. They have included a number of editors, legislators, govern-
ment officials and labor leaders, as well as representatives from literary,
academic and artistic circles. You will find a list of participants of
previous years in Appendix H of the enclosed report. We have made no
effort to "propagandize" our participants, and this may have been the
major cause for our success. Instead, we have exhibited the United States
in all its plurality, inviting representative speakers from all walks of
American life, including Harold Stassen, Felix Frankfurter, Thornton Wilder,
Philip Reed, Robert Moses, Joshua Logan, Robert Bowie, Joseph Johnson and
McGeorge Bundy. Every speaker has been invited to an informal lunch with
the group, and has been available for questioning after his talk, so that
insofar as possible we have tried to avoid any impression of condescension
and preaching--the bane of so many efforts at international understanding.

- 2 -

February 1, 1957

- 3 -

February 1, 1957

our Dutch participants, which you will find on page 9 of this report. (I
might add that Mr. Wemelsfelder is anything but a hysterical type.) It
would therefore be of tremendous help if you would find it possible to
take some interest in the Seminar, and to help us meet our continuing
deficit. As it stands now, unless we make up a gap of some $25,000 this
year, and about $30,000 next year, we will be forced to curtail and eventually
to suspend operations. Any contribution the William S. Paley Foundation
could make toward meeting this deficit would be greatly appreciated.

February 14, 1957

Dr. Walter W. S. Cook
New York University
Institute of Fine Arts
17 East 80th Street
New York 21, New York

Dear Dr. Cook:

Thank you very much for your letter of December 29 and for
your assistance in helping us find worthy participants for this year's
session of the Seminar. We have written to a number of people that
you suggested might be able to help us in Greece, India and the Near
East, and we look forward to receiving their applications.

You are right in assuming that we do not like to take people
who have spent some time in this country, and it is only in very un-
usual cases that we would consider such an applicant.

In regard to your query about the age limit, we are willing
to consider any applicant between the ages of about 26 to 45, and the
only criteria we have for judging the applications are the relative
merit of the individual candidate and the balance of the group as a
whole. There was certainly no question of age involved in Miss Fraccaro's
case; it was simply that we received such a large number of other very
good applications.

We realize that perhaps our organization seems a little bit
chaotic to someone who is not familiar with its workings, but the very
informality of the project is one of its values. We are enclosing
a copy of the first section of the report of the 1956 Seminar, and
possibly this will help to explain more thoroughly our policies. I
am sorry not to have answered your letter sooner, but this delay is
partially due to an extended absence on my part from Cambridge.

Enclosures