- 8 -

convenience. We know that power can enforce a resigned
passivity, but only a sense of justice can enlist consensus.
We strive for a peace whose stability rests not merely on a
balance of forces, but on shared aspirations. We are convinced
that a structure which ignores humane values will prove cold
and empty and unfulfilling to most of mankind.

The United States deeply believes

-- that justice cannot be confined by national frontiers;

-- that truth is universal, and not the peculiar possession
of a single people or group or ideology;

-- that compassion and humanity must ennoble all our
endeavors.

-9-

In this spirit we ask the Assembly to move with us from
detente to cooperation, from coexistence to community.

Our journey must begin with the world as it is and with the
issues now before us. The United States will spare no effort to
ease tensions further and to move toward greater stability.

-- We shall continue, in the spirit of the Shanghai Communique,
our search for a new relationship with the People's
Republic of China.

-- We shall work to promote positive trends elsewhere in
Asia. The uncertain peace in Indochina must be
strengthened; the world community cannot afford, or
permit, a relapse into war in that region.

-10-

-- We shall continue to pursue vigorously the building of
constructive relations with the Soviet Union.

-- We shall strive to foster conciliation in Europe.

In the negotiations beginning next month we shall
seek a reduction of the military forces that have
faced each other for so long across that divided continent.

-- We shall give new vigor to our policy of partnership
in the Western Hemisphere.

-- We shall honor our pledge to foster self-determination,
economic development, and human dignity across the
continent of Africa.

-12-

any nation that chooses this path. We have not been asked
to participate in a condominium; we would reject such
an appeal if it were made.

-- We will never abandon our allies or our friends. The
strengthening of our traditional ties is the essential
foundation for the development of new relationships with
old adversaries.

-- We will work for peace through the United Nations as well
as through bilateral relationships.

We recognize our special obligation, as a Permanent Member
of the Security Council, to assist in the search for just solutions in
those parts of the world now torn by strife such as the Middle East.
While we cannot substitute for the efforts of those most directly
involved, we are prepared to use our influence to generate a spirit of
accommodation and to encourage the parties toward practical progress.

- 13 -

But progress on the traditional agenda is not enough.

The more we succeed in solving political problems the more other and perhaps deeper challenges emerge. As the world grows more stable we must confront the question of the ends of detente. As the threat of war recedes the problem of the quality of life takes on more urgent significance.

We are in fact, members of a community drawn by modern science, technology, and new forms of communication into a proximity for which we are still politically unprepared.

Technology daily outstrips the ability of our institutions to cope with its fruits. Our political imagination must catch up with our scientific vision. This is at the same time the greatest challenge and the greatest opportunity of this Organization:

The pollution of the skies, the seas and the land is a
global problem.

The increased consumption of cereals and protein has
reduced world food reserves to dangerously low levels.

The demand for energy is outrunning supply, and the
need for technological innovation is urgent.

The growth of the world's economy is inhibited by
restrictive trading blocs and an insufficiently flexible international
monetary system.

The exploitation of the resources of the ocean beds
which is essential for the needs of burgeoning populations
requires global cooperation lest it degenerate into global contention.

Challenges of this magnitude cannot be solved by a
world fragmented into self-contained nation states or rigid blocs.

I do not intend, today, to cover the whole agenda of
international cooperation. Rather, I shall speak briefly of some
illustrative areas of common action. I pledge the readiness of
the United States to solve these problems cooperatively and to
submit proposals aimed at their resolution:

1. A world community requires the curbing of conflict.

The United Nations, in its 28-year history, has not
always been idle in this sphere. In Indonesia, the Indian
subcontinent, the Middle East, the Congo, and in Cyprus, it
has shown its ability for effective fact-finding, mediation and
peace-keeping missions. This central aspect of the United
Nations' work must be strengthened. On a small planet, so bound

-16-

together by technology and so interdependent economically,
we can no longer afford the constant eruption of conflict and
the danger of its spread.

Yet, in recent years, we, have found ourselves locked in
fruitless debates about the inauguration of peacekeeping
operations and over the degree of control the Security Council
would exercise over peacekeeping machinery -- an impasse
which has ensured only that permanent peacekeeping machinery
would not come into being. Each peacekeeping unit we have
formed to cope with an emergency has been an improvisation
growing out of argument and controversy.

We should delay no longer. The time has come to agree
on peacekeeping guidelines so that this Organization can act
swiftly, confidently and effectively in future crises. To break

the deadlock, the United States is prepared to consider how
the Security Council can play a more central role in the conduct
of peacekeeping operations. If all countries concerned approach
this problem with a desire to achieve a cooperative solution,
the United Nations can achieve a major step forward during
this session.

2. A world community must have the widest possible
membership.

The exclusion of any qualified state denies representation
not only to governments, but to peoples. Membership in this
body should be a step toward reconciliation, not a source of
conflict. The time has come for North and South Korea to be
offered their rightful places here, without prejudice to a future

evolution toward unification.

In this spirit also, we support the permanent membership
of Japan in the Security Council.

8. A world community must assure that all its people are fed.

The growing threat to the world's food supply deserves
the urgent attention of this Assembly. Since 1969, global
consumption of cereals has risen more rapidly than production;
stocks are at the lowest levels in years. We now face the
prospect that -- even with bumper crops -- the world may not
rebuild its seriously depleted reserves in this decade.

No one country can cope with this problem. The
United States therefore proposes:

-- That a World Food Conference be organized

under United Nations auspices in 1974 to discuss

ways to maintain adequate food supplies, and to

harness the efforts of all nations to meet the

hunger and malnutrition resulting from natural
disasters.

-- That nations in a position to do so offer technical
assistance in the conservation of food. The United
States is ready to join with others in providing
such assistance.

4. A true world community cannot remain divided between the permanently rich and the permanently poor.

Let us therefore resolve that this Assembly, this year, initiate a search -- drawing on the world's best minds -- for new and imaginative solutions to the problems of development. Our search must be candid and realistic, but it must also be free of peremptory demands, antagonistic propositions, ideological confrontation, or propagandistic rhetoric -- or we will surely fail.

The United States is prepared to join in this new search, providing freely of the experience gained over two decades. We have learned not to exaggerate our capacity to transform nations -- but we have also learned much about what progress is possible.

We will participate without preconditions, with a conciliatory attitude and a cooperative commitment. We ask only that others adopt the same approach.

In this spirit the United States is willing to examine seriously the proposal by the distinguished President of Mexico for a Charter of the Economic Rights and Duties of States. Such a document will make a significant and historic contribution if it reflects the true aspirations of all nations;

*if it will accomplish nothing*

if it is turned into an indictment of one group of countries by another, *it will accomplish nothing*. To command general support -- and to be implemented -- the proposed rights and duties must be defined equitably and take into account the

- 22 -

concerns of industrialized as well as of developing countries.

The United States stands ready to define its responsibilities in a humane and cooperative spirit.

Ahn

*Finally, a world community must harness science and technology for the benefit of all.*

We must begin to match our remarkable technological skills with our equally remarkable technological needs. We must find the means for the cooperative and judicious development of our energy resources. We must responsibly confront the problems of population growth, which are fast pushing humanity towards the limits of what our Earth can sustain. We must embark on a new scientific revolution to increase agricultural productivity in all lands. No field of human endeavor is so

- 23 -

dependent upon an open world for its advancement, no field
is so in need of international cooperation to cope with its
potential dangers.

Mr. President, fellow delegates:

Are we prepared to accept the imperatives of a global
society and infuse our labors with new vision? Or shall we
content ourselves with a temporary pause in the turmoil that
has wracked our century? Shall we proceed with one-sided
demands and sterile confrontation? Or shall we proceed in
a spirit of compromise produced by a sense of common destiny?

We must choose between a world community reflecting man's
creativity and a world community bequeathed by disaster.

DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Executive Secretariat

MEMORANDUM

September 23, 1973

TO: S/S - Mr. Pickering

SUBJECT: Secretary's Trip to New York, N.Y., Sunday, September 23, 1973

The Secretary will attend the United Nations General Assembly.

The Operations Center (ext. 21512) will be aware of the Secretary's whereabouts throughout his stay in New York and will assist, if necessary, in contacting him.

AIRCRAFT

MAC Convair No. 42817. The pilot will be Major Herbert C. Needham (home phone: 336-8959).

FLIGHT SCHEDULE

The aircraft will depart Andrews Air Force Base at 6:00 p.m. on September 23 and will arrive at Marine Terminal, LaGuardia Airport, at 6:50 p.m.

The Secretary will return to Washington Wednesday afternoon, September 26.

PASSENGERS

Secretary Kissinger
Ambassador John Scali
Senator George D. Aiken
Mrs. Aiken
Congressman Thomas E. Morgan
Mrs. Morgan
Congressman William S. Mailliard
Mrs. Mailliard
Ambassador Robert J. McCloskey
Mr. Thomas R. Pickering
Mr. Lawrence S. Eagleburger
Mr. Richard P. Campbell
Mr. Peter W. Rodman
Miss Irene G. Derus
Mrs. Jane M. Rothe
Mr. J. Ready
Mr. G. McLeod
Mr. W. Driscoll
Mr. J. Doyle
Mr. J. Edwards
Mr. W. Bothe

MEMORANDUM

September 26, 1973

TO: S/S - Mr. Barnes

SUBJECT: Secretary's Return from New York, N.Y., September 26, 1973

AIRCRAFT

MAC Jet Star No. 24200. The pilot will be Captain John Long (home phone: 567-1973).

FLIGHT SCHEDULE

The aircraft will depart Marine Terminal, LaGuardia Airport, at 11:00 p.m. on September 26 and will arrive at Andrews Air Force Base at 11:50 p.m.

PASSENGERS

Secretary Kissinger
Mr. Thomas R. Pickering
Mr. Lawrence S. Eagleburger
Mr. Richard P. Campbell
Miss Irene G. Derus
Mr. J. Ready
Mr. G. McLeod

Robert M. Miller

cc:

S - Mr. Bremer
D - Mr. Roberts
P - Mr. Barbour
E - Mr. Biller
T/M - Mr. Newman
S/S-M - Mr. Miller
S/S-O - Mr. Fry
S/S-S - Mr. Viets
OC/T - Mr. Hylaman
S/PRS - Mr. Hare
White House Situation Room
White House Signal Board
White House Switchboard