A slight rain fell last night, Co. G on picket duty today, to be stationed at Alsop's house on the Spotsylvania Road; three other companies stationed as follows - one at Tabernacle Church, one at Zoah Church, and the other 3/4 of a mile N.W. of there. I am detailed as Field Officer of the Day, to have jurisdiction over them. Plank road and in fact all the roads, very especially the road to Spotsylvania intolerably muddy. At 12 m., after reporting to Col. Morrison, 3rd N.J. Cavalry, Commanding Cavalry Division (4th) 9th A.C., went with my company to Alsop's - reconnoitered the roads and ground - and gave directions to Frank Paris, commanding the company. Saw Infantry - supposed to be stragglers - in the woods and bushes. Conversed with Mrs. Alsop and a courier from General Patrick's Headquarters (General Patrick is Provost Marshall General). Position of our line not certainly known to any one with whom I have conversed. Heavy cannonading in the direction where it is supposed to be - Wounded stragglers coming in - Visited posts of Captain Case at Tabernacle Church, Lt. McBride at Zoah Church, and Lt. Lowe at point N.W. of there, and gave them directions. Rebel scouts and pickets observed on the Chancellorsville Road in front of our patrols and pickets.

Thursday May 19

Was relieved today at 9 a.m. by Captain Easton - Reported in company with him to Col. Morrison and General F..., Made an official report in writing. Reported, among other matters, that 15 boxes of spherical case shot were abandoned, or piled up, at Tabernacle Church, and recommended their removal to some point of safety. At 12 m. my company had skirmish with rebels near Alsop's - Result: Egner's horse shot, Joe Tucker missing, supposed to be captured. 13 men of the 3rd N.J. Cavalry (picket guard) killed - or wounded - or taken prisoner night before last at U.S. ford.

Very little is known about the current condition of our line of battle in the vicinity of Spotsylvania Court House - at 8 a.m. Captain Morrow - 5th N.J. Infantry - 3rd Division came into post at Tabernacle Church with fifty men and reported that yesterday he was stationed a few hundred yards in rear of our line of battle - to arrest stragglers - this morning he discovered that the companies on his flanks were gone - and started to

to move forward to the 2nd and 6th Corps line of battle, but found that it had been
withdrawn, or its position changed during the night, and advancing, encountered a
rebel force of Infantry advancing from the position which had been occupied by the
2nd Corps - and at once fell back. I ordered him to remain at the fork of road and
cooperate with Captain Case until further orders, and, taking an orderly with me,
took back to Salem Church to report the facts to Colonel Morrison. On my way met Capt.
Robins commanding, 109th N.Y. (60 men) just from Bell Plains - under orders to join
his brigade near Spotsylvania Court House. I directed him to remain at the same place
as Captain Morrow. Sent an orderly back from Col. Morrison's headquarters for them
(Capt. Morrow and Robins) to return with their commands to Col. M.'s Headquarters -
to proceed then by another route to their commands - Regiment had changed camps yes-
terday - to the woods north of Salem Church - near Plank Road, where I joined it
today when relieved.

Friday May 20

Last evening at about 6 o'clock word was brought from Lt. Datton, our outpost duty on
the road leading from Tabernacle Church to Alsop's, that the rebels were advancing in
force by that road (from the direction of Alsop's) had driven in his pickets, and were
trying to outflank him! - The 2nd O.V.V. C. and the 3rd N.J. Cav. were turned out in
haste and proceeded - 2nd. O.V.V.C. in advance - through the woods by the nearest
route to point where we heard the firing. Coming in sight of the rebels we moved
forward, in column, at the gallop, and the rebels "lit out" in the opposite direction.
We continued to advance through the woods and corn fields and meadows, over fortifica-
tions and through mirey streams, sometimes in column and sometimes in a line. Threw out
skirmishers and got in several fine volleys, besides expending much ammunition in misc-
ellaneous firing, but with what effect is not known certainly, as dusk came on, and we
were unable to distinguish the enemy with any degree of accuracy. My company sent down
through the woods toward Widow Simmons' to protect the right flank. Dismounted one
platoon and let the boys have a few volleys - they were advancing and driving back

Captain Ulney, but left in haste at the first volley from my dismounted men, who met them on the crest of a ridge. Rebs now opened on us with their artillery, but did no damage - Regiment returned to bivouac at forks of turnpike - and plank road, my company acting as rear guard, and detachment s from other companies remained on picket in the field. Considerable firing heard in the direction of our pickets and apparently a mile or two further off - probably about Alsop's - during the night, but the enemy on our front (now supposed to be Ross's brigade) made no further advance. We learn today (9 a.m.) that Ewell's brigade has moved around to the right wing of our army, and that Mead is (or was last evening) between him and the remainder of Lee's Army. Ewell is expected to attempt an advance by the plank road - on Fredericksburg - At 10 a.m. heard that Lt. Bailey had some hams and potatoes and sent Rhepp with money and a certificate - (had previously endeavored to purchase, but without success, because I had neglected to send the required certificate that the stores were for my personal use). Was mad enough to fight about "fifteen hundred millions of Johnny Rebs"(to use Capt. Wick's mode of computation) but it didn't do any good.

At 12 m. marched without breakfast and without dinner - not even a fragment of hard
bread with my company on picket, to relieve Co. I at Tabernacle Church. Company M on
my left, and H. at Zoah Church, (on right flank) Remainder of regiment moved back from
forks of road to the camp of yesterday near Salem Church - which is a small brick building
four or five miles west of Fredericksburg, on the Plank road. Weather hot and dry, and the
small of dead horses pleasant to inhale...Found the fifteen boxes of spherical case shot
for 12 calibre guns still here and made preparations to blow them up in case of an emer-
gency, and then send an official report of the fact to Gen. F. -

Plank road still almost impassable on account of mud. My horse sick and scarcely able to travel - sent him to the wagon train, to the farrier Bostwick today, but the farrier "was not at home". No horse shoe nails yet - not chance to turn over horses as worthless or unserviceable ordnance stores - the Colonel will not receipt for nor order the Q,M, to receipt for the same - Sergeant Rand's horse (Formerly Tullan's) lame from wound, and

and Hunter's (wounded in the hip) unable to perform duty, and sent back to the train -
4 others lame for want of shoes - and Sergeant Storey's and Gould's sick - Drew three
days more rations of oats - 8 pounds per day - for each horse, 6 p.m. and all quiet
along the front -

Patrols report rebels advancing at Piney Branch Ford on the road to Aldrich's, this
some hours ago - they have not yet come in sight of this point.

Irish woman on my right solicitous about her potato patch - nothing can be raised in this
country.

Saturday, May 21 1 p.m.

All quiet along our picket lines last night. A rebel Captain, J.N. Bosang, Co. G, 4th
Virginia Infantry (from N.W. Virginia) and five enlisted men were captured this morning
in front of the post of Company "M" and 10 taken near the same place yesterday by a de-
tachment of 4th Pa. Cav. Weather hot. An orderly sent to Col. Morrisson's Headquarters
two hours ago reports all the colored troops gone and the 2nd O.V.V.C. and the 3rd N.J.
Cav., in line, ready to move. We have received no orders yet and are uncertain as to
whether or not we are to be relieved today. Horses saddled all the time - Day very hot.
Patrols sent towards Chancellorsville report no enemy in sight this side of the Aldrich
house - they didn't proceed further. Aldrich's is about three or three and a quarter
miles from here. The Artillery Ammunition was hauled to the rear an hour ago, by Norm.
Mosher of my company. It is reported that we are going to N.C. but no reliance is
placed in that report. It is also reported that Siegel and Steelee have been captured =
with all the forces under them; this is credited by some - but I have no reason to
believe that it is more than barely possible that this may have happened. Considerable
cannonading heard today in the direction of Spotsylvania Court House or west of
there. Good water in this country. Found papers at this post, signed by Chas. C.
Smith - apparently the signature of our former captain. Whole regiment generally
incensed at the "Butterflies" or canary birds" i.e. the 3rd N.J. Cavaley - or the
"bloody 3rd" as they call themselves.

They always stand "picket guard" within our lines, get the best of everything, and are kept remote from danger. Company "G" relieved at 2 p.m. and marched back to James Orrock's house, near Salem Church, formerly General F.'s Headquarters - Found the 3rd New Jersey Cavalry here, standing "to horse", awaiting orders, and the companies of the 2nd O.V.V.C. here, five being on picket, also dismounted until further orders. All other troops have been moved back - probably towards Fredericksburg, 4:30 p.m. NV order yet - Thunder - prospect of more rain, 5:50 p.m. Still in the same place, and a thunder shower on hands - heavy thunder but little rain as yet. Q.M. Sergeant White has just arrived from the train - or where it was - between here and Fredericksburg. Says it has left for patrs unknown - all but five of our regimental wagons have been turned over to the Division Quartermaster, in pursuance of orders - No boxes were permitted to go into the remaining five - and company books, surplus arms and accoutrements, officers' baggage, etc. jammed in pell mell - done up in old blankets and every way! What a lot of certificates, covering losses, will have to be made in consequence! Horses still saddled, Lt. Col. Purington orders that hereafter sabres shall not be strapped on the saddles - they must be worn, attached to the belt. It is rumored that the 2nd and 5th Corps are at Hanover Junction, and that our trains are to proceed via Gurnsey(?) to White House Landing on the Pamunky.

Sunday morning May 22

In order of battle near Salem Church 6 a.m.

At 9 o'clock last night the regiment was formed in its present order and dismounted, and the men lay down in front of and holding their horses, ready to mount at a moment's notice. Great difficulty in sleeping as the horses were constantly trying to get at the grain sacks strapped in the saddles, or breaking away, and plunging among the dozing men. At 9:30 last night the orderly Sergeant of Co. "E" (2nd O.V.V.C.) returned with platoon from a scout toward Bank's ford (from beyond Zoah Church) and reported that marching through the dense woods, a party of rebel soldiers or guerrillas secreted in the bushes by the roadside cried "Halt!" and immediately fired, shooting three of his

and, as he supposed, killing them, the remainder effected their escape, after
returning the fire as best they could.

Air warm and the sky lowereng. No rain during the night. No orders yet. 1st Sergeant Rand, Bugler Springer, Waggoner Williams, and Private Hunter are with the wagon train. Private Thompson reported last night, bringing with him a horse, saddle, bridle, and accoutrements drawn by Lt. ______ at Washington, 4:30 p.m. The picket guard was with drawn from Tabernacle and Zoah Church etc. at 11 a.m. - and the regiment, preceded by the 3rd N.J. Cav., immediately commenced the march towards Fredericksburg. Marched a mile - to within two and a half miles of the city, it is said, and then halted half an hour, during which I broke Wick's horse - had a laborious time of it, in the hot sun, and was so exhausted from over exertion as to be very sick. We then resumed the march, turning to the right, and marching S.E. for about three miles when we turned east and struck what I presume to be the "Telegraph Road" - to Richmond (as I observed the stumps of telegraph poles), We followed this road south for half a mile, then turned east and then looking to the left, we saw the spires of Fredericksburg, the strong fortifications on the hills around us, and the graves of the N.C. troops. Timber (oak) all cut off and bushes sprouting thickly around the stumps. Fine prospect - patriarchal old mansion and fine water - Struck R.R. turned left and moved half a mile, then moved east across field, went through fence (brush) on wall, down into the road - turned left and at the distance of a few hundred yards struck road running S.E. - a fine road in ye olden time, but much cut up at present. Am now halting in a gravelly field to the right of the road, near wicker-work fence of cedar bushes on a wall, fence mostly burnt - done by passing troops today - I presume - fine place where we are resting for fortifications - allowing the train to pass. Half an hour later, moved on, crossed a bogg y stream, Massapoining River, I suppose - which empties into the Rappahannock three quarters of a mile to the left in ascended a hill and then turned to the left into a clover field to graze and get supper.

Fine large brick house in the distance - line of riflemen pits along the bluffs - commanding this river - and strong works on the right. Got some coffee, hard bread and sugar for supper - have had nothing to eat since - time out of mind - and just at dusk bridled and moved on -

Monday morning May 23

Passed Supply train of the 2nd Corps last night - passing over good road (sandy) through avenues of fine cedar and pine trees for about seven miles - and went right on into, some how or other, a vast pine woods, on rolling ground; found fences in the woods, built big fires - and this morning found a line of old rebel entrenchments - a rye field on the left. It is now supposed that we are marching towards White House Landing. No rations except hard bread and coffee for myself or company. Drew four sacks of oats yesterday afternoon while on the march. Sky cloudy this morning.

At 11 a.m. marched passed Gen. F.'s Headquarters - crossed a deep mirey ditch, and went into the pine woods, among the hills to the right of the Bowling House. Day very hot. My "Shadder" Joe shot a chicken today! Had it for supper - stowed - at 6 p.m. saddled up and resumed the march toward Bowling Green.

Bowling Green, Virginia 9:30 p.m.

Here we are, in close column, on the right of the road, dismounted. Am writing this by the light of the burning buildings as the town is in flames. Co. "D" (Capt. Pike) is not here. Just heard from Madison Hadley that Lee is in full retreat on Richmond, and we trying to head him off. Large train here - we are waiting for it to pull out and then we will move on tonight. Wrote Mack this evening from Bowling's House - Marched on the right flank of the wagon train to this place - the 3rd N.J. Cavalry on the left flank. Heard cannonading on our right.

Tuesday morning May 24

Remained as above - holding our horses until 2 o'clock this morning, and then the regiment moved back a few hundred yards, into the woods. Co. "G" sent on picket to the road branching on the left, and went myself (being Officer of the Day) and posted detail

of Co. "L" on picket on road leading to the rear - then returned to Headquarters and lay down until daylight. At 6 a.m. went to visit Co. "G" - found the videttes near the house of Mrs. French, an absconded rebel; a fine residence and handsomely located on high ground - beautiful prospect - the darky troops sacking the house - and shooting sheep and cattle, sent word to them to stop it or I would descend upon them with the cavalry - and arrest them all, and make them carry saddles through the hot sun all day. Cherries ripe - two large trees near the house - got all that I could eat. The men find an abundance of corn and wheat in the barn and got all that they could carry - honey - smoking out the bees - the "women folks" all went off this morning and left the darkeys (slaves) in possession, and they threaten to start for Washington tomorrow. Picket recalled. Passed through Bowling Green - all the women implore safe guards - are all rebels - are all hadly "skeered" - am field officer of the day, but refuse to leav any men to guard secesh property, assuring the rebel dames and damsels that one flap of the American banner, and one scream of the American bird would insure them more protection than an army of safeguards! Reported in person to General Ferrero on passing his Headquarters and spent a few moments in conversation with him. Moved on and passed by the Regiment, not being able to find where it had halted- wandered through the interminable labyrinth of army wagons - one of the great supply trains of the Army of the Potomac. Passed Milford Station and arrived at the banks of the Mattapong - saw trains passing the bridge - was unable to get over - started back with the company to get into the shade and await an opportunity to cross the bridge - Met, Jno. J. Pike who informed me of the whereabouts of the Regiment - we had passed it unawares - sent the company back to rejoin it - and went myself through the bushes to the banks of the river - and took a bath, and washed shirts, handkerchiefs and towels. Started to rejoin the Regiment - passing the "1st Misscellaneous" the dead horses and mules, and the advancing army of coloured troops and hearing meanwhile the cannonading of that portion of our army which I learned had last night crossed the North Anna River - trying to head Lee off from the defense of Richmond. Found the Regiment encamped in the orchard of an old rebel, one Fauntleroy (formerly - for 20 years - Col. of the 1st U.S. Dragoons - and at one time, just before the war - Commander of the Department of New Mexico). Found the chief

Commissary of the Army of the Potomac encamped in his yard - coloured troops had fired one of his out-buildings (an ice house) because he kept his negroes penned up in the basement of his house - Efforts to liberate them were made by the colored troops, but baffled by the commissaries - old Colonel has a safeguard from General Hancock, who, I am told, formerly held a subordinate position in his regiment. Wishes his clover patch protected - has onions and strawberries - wishes the horses turned out of his rye field! Becomes exorbitant in his demands because they are at first humoured! Two more of his outbuildings and fine trees consumed by the spreading fire. Details go to French's for forage and find that the darkys have burnt the house and left! I go to Bowling Green with Col. Morrison and aides, and find the jailor and the women folks still very much frightened - are afraid that the colored troops or their own servants will destroy the remainder of the town. Grave protection - Detail of Infantry left to guard them - with reserve at the Court House. Co. "H"', Captain Case, sent to the town in the evening for the same purpose. I rode Kauffman's horse up - a fine animal - returned at a gallop through violent and blinding storm of wind, hail, and rain. Regiment ordered to be ready to march at 10 - Sleep in my boots with clothes soaking wet - Make the "grand rounds" at 12, visiting Co. L and the videttes, and going on lovely patrol, alone, through the valley fields. After an early breakfast on

Wednesday May 25

Traded horses with Yahns, and was relieved by Captain Ulmey as Field Officer of the Day, and started with the regiment, in command of my company, through Milford, and across the Mattapoing, hearing the heavy cannonading in the South West.

After crossing the river, moved up the right bank, over the hills, through several lines of fortifications just built by our troops - had much difficulty in getting past trains

of ambulances and wagons coming with wounded from the front. Passed 700 rebel prisoners corralled in a hollow tunnel off to the right, through a train of wagons parked in a sand hill, and encamped near a swamp, among the pines - broke the Yahns horse - slightly, in the hot sun, a two hour job - than had a man detailed to aid "Joe" in grooming him for an hour. Clapp found a Pitcher Plant in bloom - the first that I have ever seen. Sent to the commissary with certificate, in vain! He had nothing but hard bread and salt. Will probably receive some supplies today.

6 p.m. Wrote a hasty letter to Mother and Lawyer Fred Harvey of Cleveland - but have not yet mailed them. Bought some supplies of Lt. Bailey, as follows:

4 lbs. hard bread at .16 .64
5 " sugar " .18 .90
1 pkge pepper .20
10lbs. salt oprk at .10 1.00
5 " dried apples at.13 .75
4 " salt " .12 .48
---
Total $ 3.97

Thursday May 26, 1864

Still in bivouac at the same place., rained hard last evening and at intervals during the night - and steady rain falling at this hour -m7:30 a.m.. Got an order on Surgeon Prince from Dr. Smith, but do not know where to find General Ferrero's Headquarters. No cannonading heard this morning. Have a big fire of pine rails on front of my leaky "chebang". Sergeant Rand joined the company yesterday, but his horse is still unfit for service - in consequence of a wound in the hind leg. In the evening, the 25th Hunter came up from the train with his wounded horse - now fit for duty - also brought my horse - the one found at Chancellorsville - wounded in the neck by a shall. Wound doing well and nearly healed.

(9 p.m.) Went to the train with Sergeant White - and repacked Company desk - got an old satchel full of corn for my horse - returned and found the horses saddled, and the regiment ready to move - Regiment marched back over the bridge to the Mattapoing, passing a brigade of colored troops on the way, and crossing bridge, by twos -

on their right flank - moved into the woods on the east of Milford, unsaddled and went into camp (or bivouac) during violent rain, and just at dark. My tent decidely leaky - Not put up right. Watched horses and got my leaky boots filled with water -

Friday May 27 1864

Didn't sleep very comfortably in wet boots - which were so tight that I didn't dare pull them off, well knowing that I could never get them on again if I did. Had roll call this morning at three o'clock and marched at four through fieldson right flank and inrear of train passing the house of Dr. Baxley (or Baylor, or Bayliss) and in company with Capt. Case, rode up to the door where Mrs. B. was standing and witnessed some affecting "high tragedy performances" - especially when the "one hundred and ninety four beautiful south down sheep" were mentioned. At 11:30 a.m. reached Newton - Guerrillas or mounted men seen on the right - detachments sent in pursuit, they shortly returned - having captured a mare, saddled and branded U.S. (with a colt) from which the rider had escaped by jumping off and rushing into the bushes. Encamped on lawn in front of the residence of Mr. Dew (in New Town) (a place of eight or ten houses) whose wife, being very much of a lady, invited us to dinner - but I preferred to dine with the Colonel, as we have obtained abundant supplies hereabouts. Mr. Dew was absent in "Dixie". Other ladies were the guests of Mrs. Dew to escape the presence of the detested Yankees. Among others were Miss Nannie Waller ("Spotsylvania" as Col. Nettleton calls her) of Partlaws Post Office, Spotsylvania Co., Virginia near the North Anna River - Miss Jane Jannette from Bowling Green, Virginia - I believe, and Miss Lucy Jannette (the lady in black) from White Sulphur Springs, Montgomery County, Virginia. A Dr. somebody, brought in as prisoner, and sent to General F. A "Johnny Reb" belonging to the ____ Dept. wandered into our lines and was bagged. He reported a rebel commissary train parked in the bushes several miles north of here. Co. "E" sent after it, and brought in nine wagons, loaded with forage and bacon, and all the mules and horses belonging to them. The wagons were ordered to be burned on the lawn. Men out foraging find plenty of hams, shoulders, butter, flour, cornmeal, fish, sugar, molasses, potatos, etc. and our larders are abundantly supplied.

Saturday May 28

Co. "G" on guard last night. We remained at the same place today - playing chess and checkers with the ladies - and enjoying music and the odor of roses, the charming prospect and the fine air, and all day long our immense train was passing, and the colored troops and the great droves of cattle, and the people were utterly astonished to see the vast display of supplies and the power of the mighty Yankee Nation going right along down to Richmond, as we kindly assured, without any doubt whatsoever. Wrote and mailed a letter to Mrs. Prouty and ______.

Sunday morning May 29

I bade adieu to the ladies, and the regiment moved on down towards Richmond - through pine forests, along burning fences and cedar avenues (the fences are all built on earthen walls, with deep trenches on either side) to the point for crossing the Mattapoisy where we found the two pontoon bridges in readiness at a place called Dunkirk, and troops crossing. We crossed on the lower pontoon bridge, below the remains of the old bridge, moved one and a half miles further south east, then marched six miles south west (stop-ping on the way to graze and get dinner) then met the 1st Vermont Cavalry on picket - turned to the left (south or south east) and watered the horses at a hole in the great pine woods (where there were old rebel entrenchments intended no doubt, for ambuscading watering parties) and then moved on a short distance until we came to a road leading a little more to the eastward (to White House Landing, it is said) and followed it for about five miles - to within one mile or less of the Pamunkey River, when we joined the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps, and went into camp at sundown in a strip of timber skirting wheat and oat fields. It is undrestood that we are to hereafter be attached to the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, Cavalry Corps. The Brigade is commanded by Col. McIntosh of the 18th Pa. Cav. (formerly the commandant of Camp Stoneman, at Geesboro Point, near Washington City) and the Division commanded by General Wilson, formerly Chief of Cavalry. I got a little beef for supper, but we had no bread in the company. The day has been hot and the roads very dusty. Burr refuses to obey orders. Will prefer

charges against him and have him court-martialled tomorrow unless we march -

Monday May 30 9 p.m.

Regiment remained in camp in the same place - on the left bank of the Pamunky - 16 miles north of Richmond - and at 10 a.m. sent out a heavy forage detail for grain - which returned empty - at least brought nothing but a little corn fodder - at 5 p.m. and the regiment at once marched toward the crossing of the Pamunkey River, but having marched a mile, returned close column and waited half an hour, and then returned to camp, for the reason, it appears, that other troops were entitled to precedence over us in using the pontoons. Went to camp the same place as before - Company "G" being in a little clump of pines on the brow of a precipice, almost, at the foot of which we have found a stream of good water. Caused Burr to walk (on the march we commenced this afternoon) and had his horse packed with the effects of Wicks and Thompson, who had been sent to a distance for forage detail, to search for corn, and did not return to camp until the regiment had returned. Thompson brought with him a horse that he had found hitched in the woods - and reports having seen some mules in the same place, and also having found 2000 bushels of corn and 100 bushels of potatoes.

Tuesday May 31

Riveillee sounded at 2 o'clock, this morning, and the regiment marched at 3. Crossed the Pamunky (at "Old Hanover town" I believe), by dead horses, and through plantations, and watered at a fine stream, passed large trains, and at length halted in columns of battalions in a large field to the left of the road. Other regiments of the 1st Brigade, 3rd Division Cav. Corps (and probably the 2nd too) are in the formation in the front and rear of us -

9 a.m.

We are still in the same formation, waiting apparently for the command to close up - when we will probably move on towards Atlee's Station - as our route appears to be in that direction. It is said now that the right of our line now rests there, and that the center is at Mechanicsville - and the left at "Coal Harbor" wherever that is. It is also said that Butler, or "Baldy" Smith, has formed a junction with Grant -

( or more properly, Mead) and is now on the left of our line. Considerable cannon-
ading was kept up all day yesterday, apparently in the direction of Mechanicsville,
(or probably Atlee's Station) and slow firing is still heard in the same direction.
Strawberries are said to be plentiful hereabouts, and all the fences are entrenched
on one or both sides - Weather hot - roads dusty - Empty forage trains passing to the
rear - Men are very hungry but fear to commence cooking as we may start at any minute.
I abandoned two horses this morning - Clark's windbroken - and Silas M. Rand's unable
to move out of his tracks.

Thursday June 2 2 p.m.

I will now make my notes of the eventful two days just passed - After remaining in the order mentioned above (May 31) until about 10 a.m.) the brigade moved on, the 18th Penn. in advance, until we came to a point where the road forks - the right hand road leading to Hanover Court House (distant probably three or four miles, which however, I did not know at the time) and the left leading, as I suppose, to Atlee's Station - At this point we heard brisk firing in front, and, after a momentary halt in which the pack horses were sent to the rear, the regiment moved on at the trot, taking the left hand road, up a hill, through the woods, until we were opposite a large and magnificent mansion house of brick, painted brown, which stood about 150 yards to the left of the road, on a knoll, embowered in a forest of oak trees - inclosed by a board and picket fence.

Here the regiment was hastily formed on right into line, and dismounted to fight on
foot. The sabres were hurriedly removed from the belts and strapped on the saddles,
and the men moved forward into line. The horses were then sent off under charge of
Sergeant White to the rear of the house, mentioned above, and which I subsequently
learned was the property of one Dr. B.L. Price - at present inhabiting the delightful
city of Richmond. The line was then deployed as skirmishers, Company "G" on the
left, and moved forward through the woods, towards the Hanover Court House, or
somewhat more to the left of that direction.

Heavy firing meanwhile heard on the left - and the left front. Finally ordered to halt on the crest of a ridge beyond a ravine. I now restablished the connection of my line with that of Co. "I" which was on my right, under Sergeant Costello, drew back the left of my line, and sent out to the rear to ascertain what troops were on our left, and to notify the Colonel that a wide gap existed between our right and the road. We then lay still for a short time, and I directed the men to screen themselves from view, by the trees, as much as possible, and to be silent and to keep a good lookout. A mounted man now appeared, approaching us in the woods in front. Some of my men proposed to fire at him, but others cautioned them to wait until the "Johnny", having taken the alarm, wheeled his horse, and was about making off, when fifteen or sixteen shots were fired at him, cutting off his haversack and it is supposed, wounding him severely through he clung to his horse until out of sight. I now received intelligence that Co. "E" was coming up to act as a reserve for my company, and orders to move forward, keeping in advance about twenty paces of Company "E".

Heard Lt. Newton, in command of Company "E" coming through the woods with his company, dismounted, and calling for Captain Barnitz - Directed Rand (S.A.), commanding the 3rd Platoon, to swing back to the left of the line across ravine which had already been passed by whole squadron, and then went to meet Lt. Newton, and conduct him to the position he was to occupy in the rear of my squadron. On returning with Company "E" I could not find my squadron, and hearing rapid firing in front of where the center of my squadron had rested, endeavored to penetrate dense thicket and join it in an open field where the firing was heard, and where I supposed it to be - found it impossible, and returning, met Col. Mc Intosh of the 18th Pa. (Commanding the 1st Brigade), Lt. Col. Purington, Ajtd. Jno. J. Pike, and others, who were mounted, endeavoring to find a way into the open field, together we moved to the left, by a "blind" path - and at length emerged among the bushes skirting the open field - and saw a large white house half a mile in our front, on high, open ground, and from clouds of dust and a few scattering horsemen, perceived that cavalry was maneuvering there (supposed to be the 18th Pa.

Cav, which I afterwards learned to be correct). The heaviest firing was in the open field to my right, and hurrying through the bushes to that direction, I found myself on the left flank of Company "E" - which it seems got through on the right of the thicket - and could see the rebels - numbering fifty to a hundred - squatting down behind the low bushes - and firing rapidly on Company "E" - which was pressing forward, firing as they advanced, on the left flank of the enemy. I ran up to within easy pistol range, and drawing my revolver, knelt down behind some weeds and clover, and took six deliberate shots at the Johnnies in front - there were eight or ten of them and were firing in various directions, some at Col. McIntosh and party, and some at Company "E", and some at myself. By the time I had fired four shots they commenced running, I discharged the two remaining shots after them, and seeing one of them fall, I ran up to him, and found him shot through the back of the head. I got his gun, a short, muzzle loading carbine, of fine finish and large calibre, being the "Tower" mark, London, 1862, and sighted for two and seven hundred yards, but the Johnny had no accoutrements on him, and I could not feel any ammunition in his pockets and as he lay just on a little crest or rise of land, and the rebels beyond were sending the balls at me in big doses, I started and ran toward the right and Company "E", trying meanwhile to discover the whereabouts of my own company. When I got about half way to Company "E" they all lay down in a little ravine which sheltered them completely, and the fire of the whole rebel party was directed at me, but I succeeded in reaching a little tree, behind which I lay down, sheltered a little, and tried to devise some means of loading the captured carbine, but found it useless, as, although I had one round of Springfield rifle ammunition in my pocket - I had nothing but pistol caps - and could not reload my pistol as I had no ammunition for it - none being obtainable in the company. Some on (Col, McIntosh I believe) now rode out of the bushes and shouted for Company "E" to "go for the Johnnies!" and having by this time, reloaded their carbines, they all jumped up and obeyed the order, cheering and firing and re-loading as they advanced, and the Johnnies trotted off towards a fence about 600 yards in their rear - I joined in the pursuit, with my

with my empty carbine and my sabre, presenting a very formidable appearance I presume, but incapable of doing any harm, until I discovered a wounded man of Company "E", who was starting to the rear, and unclasping my belt, I gave him my sabre and revolver to carry back with him and took his carbine and ammunition in place of them, and ran on to rejoin Company "E" - and if possible, to find my own company. During all this time, heavy firing was going on in the woods to our right (where, as I subsequently learned, my company was engaged at that time) and, in fact, almost everywhere about us. The retreating Johnnies returned our shots in a desultory manner, without much accuracy of aim, until they had reached the cover of the fence, and the trench and the logs beyond it - where they endeavored to make a stand, but were speedily driven back through the woods (a distance of three or four hundred yards) and into an extensive field, where they ceased firing, except an occasional shot, and retreated hastily in the direction of some buildings seen on an eminence at the distance of perhaps a mile, where we discovered a group of rebel horsemen, and from which the rebel Artillery shortly opened on us, but without doing us any damage I believe, as we were screened by a ditch and trees. I afterwards discovered that this group of buildings alluded to comprised the whole of the celebrated "Hanover Court House" - which I had originally supposed to be a county seat of some importance. A few of the rebels were captured while attempting to escape through the field, and were sent on at once to the rear. We now held our position for sometime, waiting for further orders. Meanwhile, having found Waters, Rogers, and Cackles, I sent them towards the right of the line, through the woods to try and find Company "G" - and having sent a private from Company "E" to the rear after my horse, I started back to see if I could find him. Meeting Col. Purington, we went up into the field where the dead Johnny lay (whose carbine I had got) and examined his pockets to see if he had any papers on him - that would show us who he was. We only found one paper containing a guard detail for the 31st of May - from which we inferred that he was either an Adjutant or a Sergeant Major, of the officer commanding the force with which we had been fighting, which, from the detail, appeared

to consist of about 420 men (cavalry) and about 60 horses fit for duty - I made search for the captured carbine, which I had thrown away when I started for the wounded man of Company "E" whose carbine I got in its place, but I could not find it. Some one had evidently picked it up. I now went back into the woods, and found my company, sitting around and watching for the re-appearance of the Johnnies. In about an hour we were relieved by some other regiment, and marched back into the open field, near the White House mentioned heretofore, where we found all the lwd horses of the regimen, and proceded to mount. We were then formed in close column, and ordered to dismount, and stand to horse - The 3rd N.J. Cavalry being in the same order on our left. It was now after four o'clock and we were becoming very hungry, as we had not had any breakfast. I sent to the rear for my pack horse, and when it arrived, directed Rhepp and Wurtz to prepare something to eat. Two squadrons at a time were meanwhile allowed to go water horses, and when it came my turn I went (With Companies "G" and "L" back to a little stream at the forks of the road (about a mile or more), watered and returned, when I found that call the rest of the regiment had moved. Supper - or breakfast rather - was ready, but I had no time to eat, and statred at once to rejoin the regiment. I found it - or rather the horses - as the men had dismounted to fight on foot, in the lower part of the field through which Company "E" had driven the rebels in the forenoon, and there dismounted my men, an d riding my own horse, followed the regiment by a road leading to the right through the woods. I soon found the regiment, halted - other regiments being in advance - After a little rest, the whole force moved on for half a mile, and forming a line facing the left, towards Hanover Court House - and throwing out a skirmish line in advance - we moved forward through rye and wheat fields towards Hanover Court House. We soon found the enemy, in a strip of timber, from which we drove them, by a charge, and continued following them for about a mile, to the Court House, driving them from the shelter of numerous deep dugouts bordered by bushes, until at length they made a temporary stand behind the embankment of the R.R. and endeavored, by the aid of their Artillery, to drive us back, but after a desperate fight for a half hour they were forced to withdraw and came

very close to losing their battery. Sergeant Rand of my company was wounded in the foot near the close of the fight, and Beckwith stunned by a shell. I helped Rand up upon my horse and sent him to the rear. We held our ground that night and the next day. June 1, 1864 - About daybreak, the action was resumed, the enemy having remained in our vicinity all night. I was sent with my company to burn bridges - the trestle bridges, etc - and a quantity of lumber - then followed the command toward Ashland Station - the 1st Brigade having taken that road, and the 2nd Brigade (as I subsequently learn) having gone off to the right to burn the bridges across the south Anna River. We then fought our way to Ashland where the advance of the column was about entering the village, a rebel brigade charged on the rear - and in a little while we found ourselves surrounded. We fought separately for about three hours, and then, about sundown, arranged to withdraw, (by way of the R.R. Track) (which the rebels failed to hold in sufficient force) and after marching three or four miles, effected a junction with the 2nd Brigade & The 2nd. Ohio Cav. lost about 65 men killed and wounded in the fight this day and yesterday. Sergeant Rand of my company was severely wounded today in the left arm near the shoulder. Private Kellogg was killed, and Privates Noah and Graham mortally wounded. I was wounded in the right thigh and had my horse killed under me. Rode out after the fight on George Northord's horse. Rode to Price's house, reaching there about 11 O'clock - attended by Corporal Wheeler - Much exhausted and today (June 2). I started in the ambulance train, with the other wounded, for some place in the rear, probably White House Landing. Am now stopping for a few hours in a temporary field hospital at Widow Newton's plantation - in front of her residence - a large white frame house.

Saturday June 4 8 a.m.

In meadow on the left - N.W. of road leading to White House Landing and one and a half miles from the first landing - Air cool and pleasant - ambulance train of 1st and 2nd Brigade 3rd Division Cavalry Corps parked here. Had to remain here all last night - as the road was constantly blocked by supply trains passing to the front - a large supply train of the Artillery brigade, 6th Corps, is now passing to the front.
Beyond the road is a fine forest of black walnut, white, black, and red oak, and many

varieties of trees. Some Artillery firing is heard in the direction of Mechanicsville
or Richmond. Wounded men are straggling to the rear in a constant stream, like bees
to a hive. 8:30 a.m. Ambulance train pulled out - and moved on towards the landing -
passing many dead horses, and one considerable stream - shallow, but banks steep.
Entered a vast clover field, stretched three or four miles along the banks of the
Pamunky River - the same being quite level, and three-fourths, or perhaps one mile in
width. I learn that there are several landings here for steamers and sail vessels.
Colored troops are at work building fortifications. Our train passed the fortifications
and proceded a mile further down the river - to the large tents of the Cavalryy Corps
Field Hospital. Am placed in the Officers' Tent - provided with bunks - Sergeant Rand
is in the same tent - Are visited by the Sanitary, Christian Relief Commission,
and the Ohio Relief Association Agents. Mr. Olmstead and Kellogg, and Miss Seamens, and
Mrs. Greenwood (or Woodward) are among them - and Sunday morning, June 5 - they send me
a breakfast of scrambled eggs, canned apples and blackberries - also supply whiskey,
tobacco, pipes and clothing - crutches, lemons, etc. etc. - Among my companions are
Col. E. Blakeslee, 1st Conn. Cavalry, Chaplain Holmes, do., Captain Culbertson, 1st
N.Y. Dragoons, Captain Carson, 1st Maine Cavalry, and <u>Russell</u> of the 1st N.Y. Dragoons is our Nurse. I wrote Brother Mack last evening, and today wrote Marion and Hattie -
9:30 p.m. Heavy dreadful cannonading has been heard for one hour past, in the direction
of Bottom's Bridge -

June 6 - At 4 p.m. left the Field Hospital in a government wagon - filled with
wounded and and proceded a mile up the river to the landing, and embarked on the trans-
port "State of Maine" for Washington City. Noticed the cars running towards our line
of battle - <u>Start</u> down the Pamunky at <u>Sundown</u> - anchor at night.

June 7 - Reached the Chesapeake Bay about 11 a.m. and the mouth of the Potomac about
4 p.m. About 750 wounded are aboard this vessel.

Wednesday morning, June 8 - Landed at Washington City and was taken in an ambulance
to the U.S. General Hospital at Armory Square.

Am now comfortably provided for in Ward "H" - Captain Byron Dolbear, of the 4th Ohio Infantry, occupies the cot on my right.

June 19. Left the hospital on a leave of absence for thirty days, to go to Ohio, intending to go via Pittsburgh and Philadelphia (Captain Dolbear accompanying me as far as the "Raleigh House"). I stopped for a day at the Entaw House, at Baltimore, and then went on to Philadelphia and stopped with my uncle, S. G. Graff. Took sick with camp fever and my wound began to mortify - was attended by Dr. Filbert - grew worse, and on June 28, went to the Officers' Hospital at Commaco's woods, where I remained until August 24, when I was placed on duty in Philadelphia, as a member of a General Court Martial.

Journal of the operations of the 2nd Regiment, Ohio Cavalry. Vets. Vols. Commanded by Captain Albert Barnitz, during the campaign to the west and the south of Petersburg, Virginia.

Mem. The Regiment forms part of the 1st Brigade. = 3rd Cavalry Division, of Sheridan's Army. The Brigade is commanded by Colonel A.C.M. Pennington, and the Division by Brevet Major General George A. Custer.

The Regiment broke camp on the Suffolk Railroad near Petersburg, Va. on the morning of the 29th day of May, at six o'clock and marched with brigade, following the "Jerusalem plank road" for some miles, passing through Ream's Station - about mid-day. Crossing Rowanty Creek or Hatches' Run on a temporary bridge later in the day and a clear stream, probably Gravelly Run, in the evening and about one mile beyond the command was mustered on somewhat elevated and open ground, surrounded by dense pine woods and swamps: here the men were dismounted to "make coffee" i.e. prepare a hasty supper, after which we remained in line awaiting marching orders - the men lying down by their horses, and going to sleep, without going into camp or unsaddling, remained in this order all night, during a heavy and incessant rain which extinguished all the fires and deluged the camp - making the ground occupied by the command one immense mud-hole. The next day

Thursday March 30

(still in the same place) after a delay of several hours (occasioned apparently by the necessity of awaiting the arrival of a wagon train which was mud-bound in rear, the command marched or rather floundered through the thick mire - of the road and woods to a point on the left bank of Stony Creek (near deep ravine) and within four or five miles of Dinwiddie Court House, where, just before sun-set, the rain which had fallen in torrents having ceased and the sun setting clear) the regiment went into camp with Brigade sending out a detachment numbering, in the aggregate, 46 men, on picket. The pioneers and all other men of the regiment that were provided with axes were kept at work all afternoon corduroying roads in our rear to enable the

train and the Artillery (one section, Woodruff's I believe) to come up. The Pioneers remained at work until late at night, heavy rain during the night. The next day

Friday March 31

th

we saddled at the usual hour, but learning at the train had not yet come up, and that the Brigade would not march until its arrival I ordered the horses of the Regiment to be again unsaddled. Pioneers again called for - axes not plentiful.

Captain Tenney sent up a man for stealing a shelter tent from the saddle of a comrade - I set him to work, cutting pine logs under guard and ordered him to walk for one whole day, and lead a disabled horse, his own to be ridden by the soldier whose horse was disabled. Heavy rain in the forenoon but the weather again became clear - with considerable wind from the North west, in which direction heavy cannonading and infantry firing, by volley, about mid-day was heard, until about 3 o'clock p.m. when the regiment marched with (and in advance of) Brigade to Dinwiddie Court House, where by direction of Colonel Pennington, it was formed in lines parallel to and in front of a road leading to the left (since ascertained to be the Boydton Plank Road) it remained in this position but a few moments( during which time heavy firing - apparently desperate cavalry firing with the enemy's Infantry was heard on the front, and horses and ambulances, together with the usual stragglers coming to the rear. When by order of Colonel Pennington, I moved the regiment rapidly forward, in column, by the road it had previously followed, and in a few moments had arrived in the presence of the enemy. General Custar and Artillery and escort on or just to the left of the road - enemy advancing in strong force (deployed) open, rolling ground, bounding the view on the right and on the front, and stretching through the low, or bottom land on the left. Formed the regiment at a gallop, in battalion column on ploughed field, on the right of the road and by the order of Colonel Pennington dismounted it to fight on foot (under fire in the meantime) and in less than half a minute it was moving forward at a "dead run" for a ridge which the enemy was attempting to occupy, and from which the 3rd New Jersey and the 1st Connecticut Cav. (of the 1st Brigade) were being driven by

the murderous fire and the superior forces of the enemy. The regiment soon occupied the ridge, driving back the enemy but was in turn forced to retire, falling back into the woods on the right, and then moving back through the woods towards where the horses had been left; horses had in the meantime been sent back to Dinwiddie Court House by order of Col. Pennington. Coming out on the spot where they had been left, we found it growing dusk, and forming in line, and throwing out skirmishers, proceeded to build breastworks, of rails by eight or nine o'clock had constructed a strong and continuous line stretching from the woods on our right to the road and thence well off to our left, the left of the line connecting, as I learned with that of Col. Capehart's (the 3rd Brigade) but of this I was not fully assured. A section of our Artillery was posted on our left, just across the road. At nine o'clock I sent back for the pioneers to come up with the spades, and had our rail fortifications further strengthened with an embankment of earth - and with the men taking turns and working with a will until midnight. Had horses brought up and placed in the woods on our rear, the pack train also came up, but we had no time to get anything to eat, as we expected an advance or a flank movement of the enemy. The whole sky lit up by the rebel fires - or rather their reflection on the clouds - the fires themselves being concealed by an intervening ridge, and the pine woods - rebel pickets and patrols clearly visible and within gun shot between us and the rebel fires. The noise and the conversation between rebel soldiers in their camp clearly audible - mysterious conduct of the "Johnnies" - they keep up a great racket, chopping trees, knocking off shingles, etc etc. - the moving of their trains and artillery distinctly heard. A scouting party under Lt. Dodsworth sent forward to reconnoiter. Toward Amorning all became quiet - and we suspect that the rebels have been keeping up a show of strength, and meanwhile slipping off to our left. Went back to General Custar's and Col. Pennington's Headquarters and got warm (as we had no fires on our line and the night was quite cold, and the air was damp). Returned to the line and slept until day break on

Saturday April 1

When the men were aroused, and we got ready for action, in case the rebels should deem it expedient to make an advance - No advance however was made by the enemy - and just after day light our horses were brought up and preceded by a skirmish line, dismounted,

we moved forward in a line, and found no enemy except a few ragglers. Recovered some of our wounded who had fallen into the enemy's hands on the previous evening - including Captain Nates of Company "E". Reentered the road and moved forward in column. Found regiment in line on the left of the road and while there our artillery took up a position on our right and commenced shelling the woods in our front and to our left.

Seeing a Johnny in the woods, I sent forward several men, who brought him in, a prisoner.

He reported that he belonged to Pickett's Division. A few regiments sent forward down the road on reconnaissance, and after a while I was ordered to follow, did so, but found the command returning, and was ordered to return to my former position, dismount the men to fight on foot and send the boy to the rear, did so, and half an hour later marched with the brigade - the whole brigade being dismounted. (I rode my horse) About one mile and a half to the left (South I think) done into the valley of what I supposed be Stony Creek.

Marched over very rough ground - occasionally swampy - through tangled thickets and woods - of cedar and pine - and had great difficulty to keeping to position assigned - and keep up connection with Brigade - Brigade finally reached a small open field in the valley, and halted, and the men lay down - General Custard and staff on our right - Our battery away in the rear - on the battle ground of yesterday - in attempting to throw shell shells over our heads, among the rebels, with whom Colonel Capehart's Brigade was engaged on our left front, fired too low, the shells falling exactly in the center of my line.

I sent orderly Gamble back at the gallop to stop the firing which was discontinued. Colonel Capehart's Brigade driven back, pass around our left, and rear and our brigade toward the right flank - and about ten o'clock became warmly engaged with the enemy when Captain Parmalee was killed, and later in the day having moved farther to the right, we encountered the enemy at "Five Forks" - this regiment taking up a position between the two roads, in the pine woods, directly in front of a battery of three inch guns. Threw out a line of skirmishers and advanced to build temporary breast works, with such old logs and rubbish as we could find, and then, advancing, charged the enemy guns, through a most terrific fire of shrapnell and shells, and had nearly reached the guns, and were enveloped in their

smoke, when we were repulsed by the concentrated fire of the enemy infantry, and fell back to our works Reformed and renewed the charge; were partially repulsed, but held our ground, keeping up a heavy fire, and presently depressed forward a little nearer the guns where we maintained our position until the enemy gave way and we charged into their formidable works and swinging to the left, gobbled up a drove of prisoners. General Sheridan and Escort and the head of the Column of the Fifth Corps arrive - I apply to General Sheridan to know where I should send the prisoners and am directed to send them within the enemy's works for safety. Riding back to direct the execution of the order, I met Colonel Pennington and was informed by him that he wished the brigade assembled near the captured battery, to march thence to a point where the horses were in waiting - they having been led down from the battle field of Dinwiddie Court House, where we had left them in the morning - Riding rapidly to the front and finding Captain Eggleston and other officers and men of the regiment, I had word sent round and soon assembled a large portion of the regiment, in the pine woods and repaired to the place of assembly of the Brigade, arriving there at dusk. Brigade was now marched a half mile and found the horses massed in Battalion column in a field. Built up fires and prepared coffee - the first that we had to eat since the morning of the 31st. Sent for ammunition - a box for Sharp's carbines sent by mistake - received a mail and at 9 o'clock p.m. mounted, marched a mile in pursuit and went into camp. - the Fifth Corp and other divisions of the Cavalry meanwhile following up the enemy.

The following is a list of the casualties in the Battle of Dinwiddie Court House and the Five Forks - copied from the official report prepared by Surgeon McReynolds of the 2nd O.V.C.

At Dinwiddie Court House March 31

<table><tr><td>Pvt. Charles Mellingger</td><td>Co. A</td><td>Right lung</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Samuel Young</td><td>Co. A</td><td>Right lung mortal</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. James Hansch</td><td>Co. A</td><td>Right arm flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Corp. Henry Williams</td><td>Co. A</td><td>shoulder fracture</td></tr></table>

<table><tbody><tr><td>Pvt. James Kearns</td><td>Co. A</td><td>Right leg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Henry Bingham</td><td>Co. B</td><td>Arm</td><td>flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Robert Griffin</td><td>Co. C</td><td>scalp</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. A.W. Hayes</td><td>Co. G</td><td>both thighs</td><td>flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Capt. Warner Newton</td><td>Co. G</td><td>left knee</td><td>dead</td></tr><tr><td>Sergt. Thomas Griste</td><td>"</td><td>shoulder</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. William Wakefield</td><td>"</td><td>foot</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Corp. Isaac Garse</td><td>"</td><td>leg</td><td>flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Frank Ackley</td><td>"</td><td>arm</td><td>flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. A.P. Wilson</td><td>"</td><td>hip</td><td>severe</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Sam McCurdy</td><td>"</td><td>arm</td><td>flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Seg. Francis Finch</td><td>Co. H</td><td>thigh</td><td>dead</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. A. Kalor</td><td>Co. I</td><td>knee</td><td>fracture</td></tr></tbody></table>

At Five Forks April 1

<table><tbody><tr><td>Serg. A.J. Rose</td><td>Co. A</td><td>killed</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Capt. A.G. Houghton</td><td>Co. A</td><td>arm</td><td>fracture</td></tr><tr><td>Corp. James Downey</td><td>Co. B</td><td>right knee</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Theodore Tenney</td><td>Co. G</td><td>killed</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sergt. Richard Bail</td><td>"</td><td>killed</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sergt. S.C. Wise</td><td>Co. E</td><td>arm and leg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sergt. George Northard</td><td>Co. G</td><td>right knee</td><td>dead</td></tr><tr><td>Sergt. Charles Mead</td><td>Co. G</td><td>right eye</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Richard Keyes</td><td>Co. H</td><td>right hand</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. G.H. Chandler</td><td>Co. G</td><td>back</td><td>slight</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. C. Webster</td><td>Co. G</td><td>leg</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lt. William Smith</td><td>Co. I</td><td>face</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lt. L.D. Bosworth</td><td>Co. K</td><td>knee</td><td>flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Capt. H.W. Chester</td><td>Co. K</td><td>leg</td><td>slight.</td></tr></tbody></table>

9 o'clock p.m. April 1

In camp and unsaddled near General Custar's Headquarters in big white house about three or four miles from Dinwiddie Court House. Cavalry all quiet in camp. Heavy firing on the right supposed to be the 2nd Corps Front.

Sunday April 2

Broke camp at 10 o'clock and marched to with in two miles of the S.S. R.R.

Later in the day crossed the road (five miles to the east of Ford's Station)

Marched four miles beyond and camped for the night in pine woods in the rear of 1st Comm, and in front of Col. Randal's Headquarters The Colonel was considerably crowded! Night alarm - soldiers mounted in haste - but soon unsaddled - foragers find plenty of grain - and sheaf oats as well as hams and bacon.

Monday April 3

Command marched at five a.m. Capehart's Brigade (the 3rd) in front, driving the rebels in great disorder, capturing three hundred prisoners, twenty wagons, three pieces of artillery with timbers and cabssons. Made a temporary halt at noon waiting for command to chose up. Th the afternoon advanced again, dispersing the rebel column in all directions and compelling them to abandon large supplies of ammunition, Artillery, wagons, etc etc. Great rejoicing over the capture of Richmond, of which we were informed by a Staff officer having been dispatched from General Grant to Sheridan. Later in the day the Brigade was engaged near Bevel's Bridge - (or near Deep Creek) with troops representing ten brigades of the enemy. 3rd N.J. Cavalry lost a number of men killed and wounded as did also the 2nd New York Cavalry. Companies "d" and "B", 2nd O.V.C. under the direction of Lt. McElroy were on the skirmish line and lost two horses killed and Companies "I" and "F" were on the skirmish line under Captain Eggleston, some distance to the left of the Brigade skirmish line, and sent into a risky place (to form a line on the left of the line of the Johnnies!) through mistake - but came out without loss. The whole regiment under fire for some minutes. Regiment took 13 prisoners. In the evening, the Regiment sent through the woods over the battle ground, to bring off the wounded. Were successful, the enemy having retired, leaving their dead and wounded on the field, and in old out buildings, Having sent back the wounded, and procured forage for the regiment, we marched back to the point where the Brigade first went into action, and encamped in the pine woods, with Brigade, sending Captain Millard with Battalion on picket. Sergeant Wheeler came up with the pack train about ten p.m. and we were enabled to get some supper. Rain during the night.

Tuesday April 4

Broke camp at 6 a.m. Marched by a circuitous route across Deep Creek, about twelve miles and crossed an open field. My Regiment and the 3rd New Jersey were then sent out on picket (at sundown) passed General Merritt's Headquarters, marched a mile beyond, and found ourselves in the darkness and the mud, on the bank of what we

supposed to be a swamp, or pond, but afterwards found to be Deep Creek, and our picket post within less than two miles of our position in the morning. Found road over the stream bockaded by the rebels with felled trees and also a bridge burned, Large fires discovered in the woods near us which were supposed by some to be rebel camp fires - sent a party to reconnoiter and ascertained that the fires were those of the 2nd Cavalry Division of Sheridan's army - Late at night we found forage - several stacks of corn blades and some corn - Infantry stragglers and foraging parties reported on our front. Lt. William Smith and Rand with their squadrons furnished the videttes on post during the night. About midnight I received a circular order from Colonel Pennington directig regimental commanders to draw "at once" and issue to their commands all the ammunition that the men could carry on their persons or in their saddle pouches. Sent Lt. ADrian with detail to Corps Headquarters to get it; command ordered to move at once; immediately afterwards - difficulty attending the issue or distribution of ammunition on the march. I had no sleep previous to receiving the ordre for the command to march, as I had been riding through the swampy woods, establishing picket lines and studying the topography of the surrounding country, as to be ready in case of an attack. Command marched all the remainder of the night, at a trot and a gallop part of the time - past wagon trains of the 5th Corps (night very dark and the roads bad) and the next day

Wednesday April 5

Passed fortifications of the 5th Corps - crossed the Danville R.R. at 2 p.m. and are now (4 p.m.) in battalion column (whole Brigade and Division) on open ground, facing Northwest with the woods on our right (and also on our rear behind the R.R.). Great cheering heard on our right on account of the capture, so it is rumoured, of the capture of 400 prisoners and Pickett's celebrated battery of 6 guns. From the movement of columns and the great numbers of lookers-on, and the demonstrations in progress in that direction, the prisoners and the trophies are

probably coming in now. The captures were made, it is said, by the 2nd Cavalry Division, which also destroyed an immense rebel wagon train. Enemy reported in strength four miles distant in our front, towards Amelia Court House. (which is 7 miles east of here). None of Lee's Army except sick, wounded and stragglers are believed to have passed this place yet towards the Roanock - Weather very hot. Woods hereabouts mainly of oak - some pines. Infantry working hard on our right and rear throwing up fortifications and strengthening those already built as they were anticipated an early attack. In the evening the Regiment recrossed the R.R. with the Brigade and Division and went into camp, sending out a detail for forage.

Thursday April 6

Regiment marched, with Brigade and Division, recrossed the Danville R.R. and was engaged with Brigade in fight and mainly entitled to credit for capture of three or four miles of supply train of the Army of Northern Virginia. Regiment having fired six of the wagons in a gorge near the head of the train, and disabled others by causing prisoners to unhitch and ride back the miles, and hearing heavy firing in the rear, and receiving no support, turned about - and making a detour to the right, rejoined Brigade and Division and took part in the Battle of the Uplands, or Harper's Farm, or Sailors' Run, (or whatever name it may be known by in history) losing during the day, 1 officer and three men killed and 2 officers and four men wounded, and capturing during the day: -

Four battle flags

Eight pieces of Artillery

3 caissons

r

25 Battey horses

A

50 sets of harness

791 enlisted men and 68 commissioned officers, including 3 general officers and numerous officers of the General Staff, besides destroying an immense number of small arms and accoutrements. Regiment encamped at night on the battle field, with Brigade and guarded prisoners and other captures.

The following is the official list of casualties during the day:

<table><thead><tr><th></th><th>Co.</th><th></th><th></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Capt. Henry W. Fletcher</td><td>H</td><td>scalp</td><td>slight</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lt. William Smith</td><td>I</td><td>left side</td><td>slight</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. S.B. Foster</td><td>G</td><td>chest</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Sergt. L.M. Tuttle</td><td>B</td><td>knee</td><td>flesh</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Corp. John Hughes</td><td>L</td><td>hand</td><td>flesh</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. George Seymour</td><td>D</td><td>abdomen</td><td>mortal</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lt. Thomas Buck</td><td>A</td><td>killed</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Lt. Jos. Stearns</td><td>A</td><td>killed</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Øvt. Wm. Reed</td><td>A</td><td>killed</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

Friday April 7

Regiment marched with Brigade, in pursuit for 12 miles to Prince Edwards Court House and got supper (partially) then marched 6 miles to a creek where a bridge gave way, and then encamped for the night and sent out one squadron on guard.

Saturday April 8

Regiment marched with Brigade and Division to the Prospect Hill Station on the S.S. R.R. and thence, after an hour's halt, to Appomattox Station and captured three locomotives and Railway trains, many pieces of Artillery, wagon trains, portable forges, prisoners, etc. etc. Regiment fighting from about 5 p.m. until 10 or 11 o'clock at night - a dark night - through the burning woods - among the exploding caissons, the abandoned camps of the enemy, and the creaming of shells from all directions, the heavy discharges of grape and canister, until the enemy was driven back beyond Appomattox or Clover Hill, where the Brigade recrossed the R.R. and went into camp (or bivouac) without unsaddling in the woods beyond. Regiment lost during the engagement one man killed, and one officer and two men wounded.

Viz:

<table><tr><td>Lt. William Smith</td><td>right groin</td></tr><tr><td>Priv. Peter Graphart</td><td>abdomen, mortal.</td></tr><tr><td>Serg. Henry Phillips</td><td>leg, flesh</td></tr><tr><td>Pvt. Jos. Haskell</td><td>leg, flesh</td></tr></table>

Regiment captured during the engagement:

3 pieces of Artillery, with caissons

2 Battery forges

A number of horses, wagons, and mules and 32 prisoners, including one

Sunday April 9

Regiment marched with Brigade, Division and Corps, recrossing R.R. running through a column of colored troops, and moving in squadron column, at the "trot out" in view of Lee's Army, and in sight of his wagon trains, and under a continuous shell fire from his batteries (posted on the heights beyond the valley where his Infantry lay massed), over the high rolling fields, for about three miles, to the woods around J. Morton's large white house where the command halted in clumn and word was passed that Lee was about to surrender his whole army. A great deal of cheering ensued. I, however, cautioned the men "not to crow until they got out of the woods" - and to preserve their formation until further orders. A few moments later we heard firing on our front (having previously wheeled into line on our left flank) and saw Generals Merritt, Sheridan, Custer and Staffs gallopping bavk with their flags, pursued by about one brigade of rebel cavalry.

We at once moved forward, opened fire, and drove them back through the woods a quarter of a mile or further to a point on the brow of a hill, overlooking the rebel army in the valley, and Appomattox Court House or "Clover Hill", and about a quarter of a mile, or less North of J. Norton's house. Here we were confronted by twelve pieces of Artillery, 12 pounders, ranged on the brow of the hill, in the bushes, but the gunners forebore to fire, and we finally halted within fifty paces of the guns, and having reformed our line, moved back into the woods about one hundred paces, and dismounting, good to horse for an hour or two, awaiting the action of Lee, and about sundown, having in the meantime learned, more from rumor than official notification, that Lee had positively surended we went into camp where we were, and put up our tents as there was a prospect of rain during the night and waited impatiently for further news - having little doubt, that we would, on the following day, witness the formal surrender of Lee's whole Army - Supposing that some kind of ceremony would take place, at least, at which we would be present. No picket was sent out at night, except a small chain of videttes, dismounted, immediate-

ly in front of our encampment. I did not send out a foraging detail in the evening, as usual, deeming it impossible to find forage hear, and thinking that a test would benefit the horses quite as much as a full feed that night.

The next morning we saddled at the usual hour, and leaving the neighborhood of Lee's Army without having witnessed the ceremony of the rebel regiments turning over their arms, we slowly began, (through rain and mud) the return march through Walker's Church, (or x roads) Prospect Station, Prince Edwards Court House, etc. to Nottoway Station which we reached on the evening of April 15 - Lt. Col. Nettleton having joined us on the previous evening, from leave of absence. He had left us at White House Station on the 22nd day of March. Lt. Bill rejoined us this evening from detached service in Trenton, N.J.

Sunday April 16

Received official intelligence of the assassination of the President; all over
whelmed with grief, gloom and despondency in consequence.

Monday April 17

Regiment broke camp near Nottoway Court House - or Station, rather - and marched with Brigade twenty five miles towards Petersburg (supposing destination to be City Point) and went into camp.

Tuesday April 18

Regiment marched fifteen miles with Brigade and went into camp near (within 2 or 3 miles) of Petersburg, I visited Petersburg with an orderly (Campbell) in the evening, and purchased provisions.

Wednesday April 19

Regiment remained in camp with Brigade.

Thursday April 20

Regiment marched with Brigade to a point near Petersburg, and went into permanent camp with Brigade.

Friday April 21

Had commodious tent with board sides and end, and substantial bunk put up by the
pioneers, Brevet Major General August V. Kantz, our former Colonel, came to see
us in the evening, attended by an orderly only.

Saturday April 22

Went to see Captain Gordon, Commisary of Musters of the 1st Division of Cavalry in regard to my muster. Got official list of regiments in Brigade and names of commanders and staff officers. In the afternoon, went, with an orderly, to Petersburg and bought crape at $5.00 per yard, and bread at 25 cents per loaf of 16 oz. Day very warm.

Sunday April 23

Cold morning, cloudy and windy. In the afternoon, in company with Colonel Nettleton visited the Rebel and Union fortifications, including Fort Davis (UNion), Battery No. 20 or "Fort Hell" (Union), "Fort Dumnation" (Rebel), the "Crater" (rebel), etc. Returning via Petersburg and Division Headquarters, stopped and had an interview with General Custer. In the evening received a letter from Cousin Lizzie, and about dark, regiment received order to march at 6 o'clock a.m. tomorrow. The supposition is that we are to guard a train via Richmond and Fredericksburg to some pint near Winchester or Harper's Ferry, but I am not sure in the impression, considering it more probable, in view of the fact there is no intelligence of the surrender of Johnston's Army, that we will march to North Carolina.

Monday April 24

Regiment broke camp at 6 a.m. and marched with Brigade, Division, and Corps passing Fort Gregg, and moving down the Boyden Turnpike, and having passed the Dinwiddie Court House and marched 23 miles, encamped, within three or four miles of the Nottoway River.

Tuesday April 25

Regiment marched with Brigade, crossing the Nottoway River, and having marched twenty five miles, encamped.

Wednesday April 26

Continued march, twenty five miles, and in even
a pleasant town, and camped one mile beyond, in a grove of oak, pine and cedar.

Thursday April 27

Regiment marched with command fifteen or twenty miles toward Abbyville, crossing the Staunton River on a bridge made of ferry boats, and encamped. During the day I went out on the right flank with a detail, and captured horses and mules.

Friday April 28

Crossed the Richmond and Danville R.R. at the Scottsburg Station, marched within two miles of Halifax Court House where we heard that Johnston had surrendered, and went into camp at 2 p.m. having marched about fifteen miles during the day. Day very warm, crossed the Banister River today on a coverd bridge,

Saturday April 29

Began the return march crossing the Bannister River and large plantation of John Clarke, again passing through Scottsburg Station, and through Clover Station, crossed the Staunton River on Pontoons of the 6th Corps, and marched through heavy rain past the 1st Cavalry Division Headquarters. Went into camp in pine and oak woods at a point 4 miles S.E. of Roanoke Station. Schultze (pioneer) comes in with mules, after an absence of two days on a straggling tow - is sent under guard to Captain Lee, Provost Marshall at Division Headquarters. Forage detail sent out in heavy rain to Roanoke Station, for grain, but went only two miles, and found a place where forage was abundant.

Saturday April 30

Marched eighteen miles and a mile and a half from "Double Bridge" on the
River.

Sunday May 1

To Blacks and Whites.

Sunday May 2

To Ford's Station.

Monday May 3

The Regiment marched through Petersburg, and crossing the Appomattox River, on bridge, encamped one mile beyond on road to Richmond, where it remained, with Corps and Brigade until the 10th day of May, nothing interesting in the meantime occurring of note, which I can now (at the date of transcribing these notes from memorandum in pencil) (May 28) taken at the time - and of which there is an omission of remarks for several days, nothing occurred worthy of note which I can remember except that on the 5th day of May myself and Col. Nettleton were mustered in and new grades by Captain Gordon, Commissary of Muster for the 1st Cavalry Division and by order of Major General Sherman, also Commissary of Muster for the Corps, subject to approval of the Secretary of War. We were mustered by him in the absence of Captain Barnhart, Commissary of Muster for the 3rd Cavalry Division, but Capt. Barnhart having subsequently returned, previous to completion of the rolls, they, by mutual consent, withdrawn from Capt. Gordon, with the understanding that the no record of the musters should be kept by him, and we are both mustered (our same rolls which had been made by Captain Gordon) and which had not been signed by him (except one copy of each) (which were returned to Captain G. to be destroyed).

Both were mustered anew or as it will appear originally by Capt- Barnhart. on the 8th day of May (rolls dated 5th May) Muster to date, in my case, from the 20th of March, 1865, Our reason for withdrawing rolls from Captain Gordon was that there was a possibility of their not being confirmed by the Secretary of War, and in that case our muster would be invalid. I was mustered out as Captain and in as Major of the 2nd O.V.C.

XXXX

Wednesday May 10, 1865

The Regiment broke camp on the north side of the Appomattox near Petersburg, Va. at 7 a.m. and marched with Brigade, Division and Corps through Manchester and Richmond, crossing the James River on a double pontoon bridge, passed in view of

the Libby Prison, and past the State Capital, out on Broad Street beyond the City limits, and then followed the ____ or mountain road towards Ground Squirrel Mountain, Bridge of the South Anna, to a point five or six miles north of Richmond, where we halted, and went into camp in a big clover field on the right of the road - and in the rear of a large white frame house, with numerous outbuildings. Well of excellent water here, with pump, also some fine cashmere goats, the first that I have ever seen. Passed through numerous lines of strong rebel fortifications today in approaching and coming from Richmond. Saw the 15th and the 17th Army Corps encamped south of Manchester - they had previously passed through Petersburg and by our camp, while we were lying there - about the 8th or the 9th of May - clover high here and a great danger of letting the horses eat too much. Road has been magnificent today - as rain last night laid the dust. Many other varieties of trees besides pines here - ground rolling. I should judge that this is a very fine agricultural country, if the soil is not too sandy.

Thursday May 11

Command saddled at 5 a.m. Regiment now - at 7 a.m. - awaiting orders to march. Beverly (my coloured servant) who went last night for butter to Richmond for the Headquarters Mess, and to see his sister, has not yet returned. Have just read two of Traver's letters signed Robert T. Ware, in the Cleveland Times - Weekly Herald of May 6. 8 o'clock p.m.

Marched about thirty seven miles today, halting frequently as the weather was very hot and halted to go into camp during a violent thunder storm and very heavy rain. Sat on our horses, enveloped in talmas, until the rain had abated somewhat, and then dismounted and put up the shelter tents. It is still raining at this hour and windy - and the air has become quite cold.

Friday May 12

Reviellee sounded at the usual hour (4 a.m.) and "Boots and Saddles" at five. Blankets and tents all wet and muddy, and boots not easily drawn on, ______ quite large. Heavy rain and high north wind prevailed all night; my tent blew down ______ and I had it repaired by the Headquarters Guard, and upon its falling the third time, I permitted it to lie, and endeavored to sleep in the rain. Most of the horses being tired and hungry and not having been fed much, if anything last evening, as no forage could be obtained, broke their halters last night or pulled up stakes, and were off in search of something to eat - and little was to be found, as the ground in the vicinity of the camp is too gravelly or much too worn out to produce rass in any degree of abundance. This army has orders not to forage on the country on the march - Forage, etc. is furnished from the supply trains accompanying us. At this hour (7 a.m) a detail has just been sent back two miles to where a train is stuck in the mud - to bring up, on saddles, 1 day's rations and 1 day's supply of forage - Negroes standing about our camp fires - relating their experiences in the Confederacy. The Colonel gives an old colored woman a cup of coffee to regale herself with and celebrate the arrival of "dem Yanks". Our march suspended in order to have time to feed horses after forage is procured. Have just received a circular stating that the command will march at eight a.m. It is only five or six miles from our encampment to the Tolesville Station or "Station No. 13" on the R.R.

9 p.m.

Marched at the appointed hour, through Tolesville, where part of our column had destrpyed the R.R. track, water building, and depot during our raid in March. Passed Victoria Furnace later in the day, following the road to Culpepper Court House or Brandy Station - crossed the North Anna River this evening, on a bridge which we improvised during a temporary halt. (on the ruins of the old one). Encamped about sundown in a big sheep pasture within half a mile of the bridge. While regiment was going into camp, took a ride with orderly via Corps Hedaquarers, for chickens, Found people unwilling to sell any - owing to their great scarcity. Got warm biscuit at Mrs.

Halliday's house - near mill.

Saturday evening

Camp on the North Bank of the Rapidan at Raccoon Ford. Regiment marched today in the rear of the Brigade and Division - marched about twenty five miles and reached this camp a little after sundown. Route lay through a rolling and a well-watered, but miserably cultivated country. Struck the plank road (No plank now on it however!) at old Vidersville - the plank road to Chancellorsville and Fredericksburg - Chivalry busy building or repairing houses - are all exceedingly anxious to know whether we can spare them " any old broken down, sore backed horse" - Before reaching camp, I went, with orderly, to old Walker's near the mill, for chickens, but found none, but succeeded in purchasing a small bunch of onions.

Sunday evening May 15

Command marched at the usual hour this morning. 3rd Division in advance, 1st Brigade in advance of Division, 2nd Ohio, 3rd Regiment in Brigade. It was very foggy this morning (as usual) difficulty too obtain report from Company Commanders. Not many cedars or pines seen today on march, and but few yesterday. Came through a fine country today. Crossed the Rappahannock at Kelly's Ford, (fording the stream) have marched at a very fast walk all day - when not halted grazing horses and encamped about sunset near Warrentown Junction. Bought a pair of chickens this evening for $1 from one of the played out "chivalry."

= Monday evening May 15

Command marched at the usual hour this morning - and marching most of the day through open country and high grass ( all the fences and most of the horses having been destroyed long since - leaving Brstow Station on our right - and encamped this evening near Fairfax Court House, and received a mail - the first since leaving Petersburg. Got news of the capture of Jeff Davis!

Tuesday evening May 16

Tuesday evening May 16

Marched at the usual hour this morning (on flank of the wagon train for some miles)
Day very warm, and the roads dusty - passed an encampment of some ffoops ("Bummers")
belonging to Sherman's Army, which has not yet arrived; marched through Alexandria
and up the right bank of the Potomac River on road to "long bridge" and went into
camp in a grove on a hill alongside the road, about two miles above Alexandria -
and overlooking the capitol and the City of Washington and commanding a fine prospect
of the Potomac River, and the heights beyond - including Geesboro Point. Saw Gurney
today. Reached here about 1 p.m.. Have orders forbidding injury to trees or fences -
No materials can be obtained for tent poles or staks and fuel only can be got by
climbing trees and cutting out dead limbs. Colonel Nettleton obtained a thirty six
hours leave of absence to visit Washington - expects to meet his wife there. After his
departure, I had springs enlarged and cleared, and sinks dug and broken up.

Wednesday evening May 17

Lt. Lester (1st N.Y. Cavalry) (Acting Provost Marshall in Alexandria) visited us today.
Weather continues very warm.

May 18th and 19th - remained in camp.

On the evening of the 19th received orders to be in readiness to march next morning.

Saturday evening May 20

The Regiment was ready to march with the Brigade this morning, and at the signal from
Brigade Head-quarters, horses were saddled, tents struck, baggage loaded into wagons -
etc. (rumour being that we were to march through Washington) (to a new camp beyond)
But at 10 a.m. orders came to unsaddle and go into camp, and blacksmiths were out
to work shoeing up the horses. Colonel received twelve yards of red (scarlet or
crimson) cloth at $3 per yard, which he had cut up into scarfs, or neckties and
issued to the men, of the regiment - company commanders assuming responsibility for
the payment of the same. This scarf is the authorized badge of the 3rd Cavalry (gen-
eral Custer's) Division - it gives the Cavalry a very brilliant appearance. It is
rumoured that the 3rd Cavalry Division is going to Texas to finish up Kirby Smith.

In the afternoon Col. Nettleton again goes to Washington. Mailed letters to Ruey, Hattie and Horace Steele.

Sunday May 21

Command marched through Washington (in column of sections) with drawn sabres, this forenoon and having marched seven or eight miles beyond - to beyond Bladensburg, went into camp in the woods. It was raining very hard when we broke camp this morning and the rain did not abate until we had crossed long bridge - rain still falling at intervals as we marched through Washington, but notwithstanding this, great throngs of people were assembled on the avenues to witness the arrival of Sheridan's veterans. I was in command of the Regiment, as the Colonel had not returned to camp. The trees abundant in the vicinity of our camp, and the soil sandy. Weather clear and pleasant this evening.

Monday May 22

I visited Washington today and got pay on my muster out rolls as Captain - for the month of February and up and including the 19th day of March, 1865. Also for five months' accountability for clothing and arms - when in the command of the company. Bought a pair of boots for $10 and a blouse for $13 (blue flannel) also a pair of Major's "leaves" for $1. Returned to camp at night in an ambulance with Surgeon of the 3rd Cavalry Division. The troops are all busy today preparing for the review which is to begin tomorrow.

Tuesday May 23

All of Sheridan's cavalry and Mead's Army - "ARmy of the Potomac and James" - that were present in this vicinity were reviewed today. Air lowely and the soldiers looked neat and clean. Custer's Division had the advance, and was everywhere greeted with the most rapturous applause by the hundreds of thousands of people who had attended to witness the grand pageant.

After the division was reviewed, it was marched out to the suburbs, and formed in the columns of Brigade - and General Custer bade us farewell. The parting ceremonies were very affecting.

May 24 Wednesday

The weather continues delightful. General Sherman's Army will be reviewed today in Washington. I have granted permission to all the officers of the regiment, except for one in each battalion, and four men from each company to visit the city to witness the ceremonies and in the absence of the Colonel, who is also in Washington - I will myself remain in charge of the camp. Assisant Surgeon Cook of the 2nd O.V. C. recently commissioned by the Governor of Ohio joined the regiment today for muster into the service.

Thursday May 25

Dr. McReynolds forwards his resignation today.

Friday May 26

A rainy day. Regiment receives orders from Corps Headquarters to hold itself in readiness to move West, by rail. Captain R. E. Lawder makes inspection of unserviceable and surplus STORES today.

Saturday May 27

Regiment received orders during the night to hold itself in readiness to march but was finally notified that the Command would not march. Captain Lawder completes the inspection of property. Steady rain all day. It is presumed that when the regiment moves to the "west" it will cross the Miss. River into Major General Custer's new department. Dr. McReynolds tender of resignation returned disapproved - it being held that officers tendering resignations must accompany notification with a certificate of non-indebtedness, which however is an error - made at Brigade and Corps Headquarters. Muster be Rolls for January and February to be made out tomorrow if the Regiment does not move.

Made out invoices to Capt. Eggleston and Lt. Bill for property of Cos. E & G and got receipts for the same - all dated the 14th and the 15th of April - at Appomattox Station, Virginia - pursuant to Special Order No. 21 dated the Headquarters of the 2nd O.V. &. - April 14, 1865

About 2 or 300 hundred recruits from Pleasant Valley have joined the regiment during the past few days.

h
I signed letter to the Secretary of War transmitting descriptive list of Commissary Sergeant Northard's and also the same in letter book, besides another (through mistake) which was intended for the signature of the Colonel, recommending the dismissal of Lt. Nat. Hillhouse, 2nd Reg't. O.V.C. for reasons therein set forth. I wrote to Brother Wilson yesterday.

Sunday May 28

I furnished Colonel Nettleton with invoice of ordnance stores turned over to him at Camp Russell, Virginia February 26 and received receipt for the same. Colonel Nettleton this morning received orders from the Secretary of War, directing this Regiment to proceed immediately to St. Louis, Mo. and there report for orders to Major General Pope, commanding the Department of the Missouri, for orders, The Regimental quartermaster has gone to Washington to obtain the necessary transportation. In the afternoon Col. Nettleton went to Washington

to see the Paymaster and find out whether it will be possible to have the regiment paid for the months of January and February 1865 previous to leaving here. I am having all the blacksmiths of the regiment kept at work shoeing all the horses that need shoeing and having borrowed an additional forge from the 3rd N.Y. Cavalry will probably be able to get all the horses shod tonight - although coal is scarce, and it is doubtful whether our supply can be made to hold out. It is rumoured that the rebel General Kirby Smith has surrendered all his troops in the Trans-Mississippi Department. Have not seen a paper later than the 26th.

Monday May 29

c
Colonel Nettleton did not return to camp until this morning - We will not proceed west today as a number of recruits are on their way west from Camp Chapeller to join us. All the cav-

beyond Fairfax Courthouse, leaving us all alone.

Midnight

The Regiment is to start for the west at 4 a.m. tomorrow. Received a letter from Hattie this evening, also application from Corp. George F. Rogers for certificate on which to receive pension. Have just written to "Ma" and to Capt. William Holden, A.Q.M./. Philadelphia. Weather fine.

Tuesday May 30

An hour after sunrise. The Regiment has not yet started from camp. Companies busy turning over unserviceable horses and surplus ordnance. Weather fine. Beverly's horse stolen last night - by the 29th Ohio most likely.

4 o'clock p.m.

The Colonel started to Washington at 8 a.m. and left me in command of the regiment - At 10:30 a.m. I started with Capt. Millard (aided by Capts. Eggleston and Chester and Lt. Rand, each in charge of a battalion) with all the mounted men, officers, horses and pack mules in the Regiment to Washington to the Washington and Baltimore R.R. Stock Station to have the horses loaded on the cars. Lt. Fiske went in charge of a wagon load of surplus ordnance and ordnance stores - mostly saddles and other horse equipment - to the Arsenal, with instructions to turn over the wagons and the mules, after unloading, at Geesboo Point. At 11:30 a.m, started myself with the dismounted men of the regiment, about 5 or 600, across the fields to Bladensburg to take the cars at 2 p/m/ (For Raleigh House and Parkersburg) Train did not arrive until 4 p.m. when I had the baggage all loaded and the men aboard the train in five minutes, and we were off for the west. Captain Chester and the Quartermaster still in Washington. Day very hot. We have 21 cars for the regiment and one passenger car for officers. Wrote Corporal George F. Rogers, care of C.G. Bruce and __________ before starting and sent him certificate.

Wednesday May 31

On board the cars-, near Martinsburg, Va. at 6 a.m. Regiment passed Harpers Ferry
during the night.

Thursday June 1

Regiment has been moving on cars all day. In the evening, about sundown, Regiment reached Parkersburg, uncarred the horses and the baggage, and at once went on board the steamboats "Prima Donna" and "Columbia" that were in waiting for us at the wharf. The Colonel, Surgeon, myself and the Adjutant together with the men and officers of the 1st Battalion, and one squadron of the 2nd Battalion (Companies "I" & "E") and the horse belonging to this portion of the command and Headquarters, taking passage on the "Prima Donna" and the remainder of the Regiment on the "Columbia".

Some men of Company "A" engaged in a disturbance at Parkersburg - running guards established by the Provost Marshall - I was sent by Col. Nettleton to secure the release of any men of the regiment whom the Provost Marshall had in the guard house - Had one man of Company "A" released - also secured sabre and cap captured in the melee.

Boats leave the wharf about dusk. The day has been quite warm - and the evening excessively sultry, Major General McMillan on board the boat as a passenger to Lawrenceburg - He belongs to the 19th Corps. Does not seem to merit any very "distinguished consideration"!

Friday evening June 2

Boat compelled to lay up at the foot of Buffington Island last night on account of fog.

Today passed Letart Falls. Had the Captain of the boat sound whistle and ring bell, and threw a letter into the river, directed to Mother, which was picked up by the ferryman Sayers. Was unable to stop a moment to see Mother and family. Don't feel very resigned about the matter, either, having since heard that Captain Easton and Lt. Hillhouse were allowed to leave at Parkersburg to go home and join us at Cincinnati or St. Louis.

We passed Gallipolis during the day and are now (9 p.m.) somewhere in the vicinity of Portsmouth. Have had considerable singing in the cabin tonight. All in very poor taste, however.

Saturday June 3

The "Prima Donna" reached Cincinnati at 12 m. today. Great anxiety for passes - all the men who live in Cincinnati and two others from each company permitted to go up town. About one third of the men got "crazy drunk" - two of the drunken ones Privates ______ Williams and ______ Company "E" fell overboard at the foot of Broadway and were drowned. Their bodies were not recovered.

I went up into the city at 2 p.m. and returned to the transport at 5. In the meantime went to the Commercial office and saw Mr. Miller; Mr. Halstead not in - left a note for him. Saw my letter from White House Landing in the Daily Commercial of the 4th of April - s Saw the "literary man" at Wiltack and Co. who is to edit the history of the Ohio regiments. Met Phillips, the Artist. Called to see Kate and Mary-Helle. Learned that Brother Mack has been to Mexico and California of late. His addres is now "Case of the American Card Company", No. 14 Chambers Street, New York. Boats left Cincinnati Wharf at 6 p.m. and statfed on down river. About dark, the drunken pilot- failing to keep the channel, and ran aground on a snag and broke the wheel; so we had to lay up for three or four hours until the damage could be repaired. Mrs. Nettleton came on board at Cincinnati and is to accompany us to St. Louis in the trip.

Sunday June 4 9 p.m.

Passed through the canal below Louisville at 3 p.m. General McMillan left us, with his dogs, at New Albany. The scenery along the river has been delightful this evening. Weather warm. Have just been giving recitations in the cabin for the amusement of Mrs. Nettleton and others.

Monday June 5 11 p.m.

Nothing of interest has transpired today. The weather has been quite warm. Boat had to lie up again last night, as usual, on account of the fog. Fare on the boat somewhat better today than heretofore. Officers are charged 75 cents per meal. Boat passed Paducah an hour or two ago, and is now making very good time. Our horses seem much pppressed from heat, and want of exercise - I suppose that they will be worthless by the time we get to St. Louis, unless they can have a few days rest and pasturage. The boat lays up half an hour each evening to enable the men to cook on shore, as there are no conveniences for cooking on board. Have been reading Gail Hamilton's book "A New Atmosphere" this evening. Am well pleased with it. The river is becoming wider daily and the land on either shore mostly level today or gently undulating, and very fertile.

Tuesday evening June 6

On awakening this morning, I found that the boat was taking on coal at Cairo. Went ashore and took a look at the City. Bought a box (100) of cigars and two bottles of Catawba wine, of William H. Schutter, wholesale and retail dealer, No. 4 Springfield Block. Paid $8 for the cigars and $2 for the wine. Bought a pair of brown linen shirts for $5.50. Boat, having finished coaling, moved up the Miss. River at about 8 a.m. Weather has been extremely hot all day. We will probably reach St. Louis tomorrow and from the latest rumour are to proceed thence, at once, per boats, to Leavenworth City or Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Other troops, probably the Michigan Brigade of Cavalry have preceded us to that point. It is rumoured that 25,000 cavalry are to be organized there, for an expedition beyond the Rio Grande. Captain Tenney anxious to resign to avoid the trip. Many of the men threaten to desert if the regiment attempts to send a few horsemen to the river. They enlisted with the supposition that they were to be mustered out at the end of the war, and now they want to go home. The weather has been excessively hot today. Western shore of the river hilly with bold rocky ledges fronting the river.

fronting the River.

Wednesday June 7

Boats reached St. Louis Landing this evening about an hour before sunset. Colonel Nettleton had gone to shore at Fon de Lac, and preceded us to the city by cars, and on arrival here, I dispatched the Adjutant to Oliver St. House, to meet him and obtain orders. Am directed to keep the men aboard the boat tonight (Major Seward commanding on the Columbia to do the same)/ and in the morning are to dispatch an officer in advance to Benton Barracks (three miles out) to select quarters, and march the regiment out. The probability seems to be that we will remain in Benton barracks for a week or two, equipping for the field, obtaining horses and wagons, etc. and then proceed w either to Fort Leavenworth and eventually with the troops (Cavalry) now assembling there to the Rio Grande, or to the Dacotah, or else go to the western or the south western part of this state. Officers wish to visit theatre. I require one officer to remain aboard in command of each company, as the men have managed, by some means, to obtain liquor and are generally in bad humour and in some cases, "crazy drunk" - as they were in Cincinnati - and the non-commissioned officers, as a class, have little influence with them, and in some instances are quite as much addicted to intemperance as the men. There must be a thinning out of non-commissioned officers when we get established long enough to hold a court martial, or Field Officers' Court. The drunken and inefficient ones must be wedded out.

Heavy rain this evening, in consequence of which the men are permitted to sleep in- the front part of the cabin. I see from the St. Louis papers that an election has just taken place in Missouri - the adoption or rejection of the new Constitution being the chief matter on which the parties are divided. The truly loyal people favoring and the rebel sympathizers rejecting it. The latter appear to be in the majority. The "New Constitution" abolished, or did not recognize slavery in the state. The St. Louis *Dispatch* is a paper of strong rebel sympathies, like the *Cin. Inquirer*.

Thursday June 8

Regiment marched to barracks this morning, before breakfast. Barracks very filthy, and our
allowance small. Policing tools can be borrowed of the Post Quartermaster or "Barracks
Master" on a memorandum receipt. Visited Lt. McQuiston, A.B.Q.M. and Adjutant to secure,
if possible more extensive allowance of quarters but without success, as a great influx
of troops is expected shortly. Have several wall tents put up at Headquarters. I brought
the dismounted men to camp. Rode my horse, which I had stabled at the Oliver Street House -
last night - at a cost of $1.00 for "lodging" in order to rest him. He is in very fine
condition after the long ride. Gave Beverly $4 today - making $11.50 paid him up till this
point, besides trowsers, a new pair of boots, and other articles of clothing. The Colonel
visited camp in the evening and returned to the city.

Friday evening June 9

Am quartered with Major Seward, Lt. Hillhouse rather annoying by his boisterous manner,
and vulgar profanity, and I give him a piece of my mind, which I will follow up by placing
him in arrest presently, if he doesn't reform. I was in the City today and had a nice
batht at the Lindell House and a dinner at the Everett House. Became acquainted with
Major Weston Flint, Ohio State Agent. Took a ride through camp this evening. My horse
broke a halter, and escaped last night, and lost a shoe by some means, and is smewhat lame
tonight. Have been detailed by Colonel Barneville, commanding this camp, to carry out for
the regiment, the provisions of an act of congress approved July 17, 1862, providing for
"Field Officers' Courts."

Saturday evening June 10

Have tried four cases today, sentenced them, and sent the records of proceedings to
receiving authorities. The Regiment Quartermaster has made requisition for 15 wagons
and one ambulance and an adequate number of mules and horses. Lts. T. Rowe Spencer and
Rush joined the regiment today. Dr. McReynolds received his order of muster out yesterday -
and Lt. Campbell received his this evening.

Sunday evening June 11

Have examined and signed muster and pay rolls of Company "G" 2nd. O.V.C. for March and April today.

Tuesday evening June 13

Wrote to Cousin Liz<ie>, Mother, and Mrs. Prouty.

Wednesday evening June 14

Colonel A. B. Nettleton was mustered out of service today, having resigned, and the command of the Regiment consequently devolves upon Lt. Col. Dudley Seward, who was mustered in two or three days ago. Captain Easton was also mustered as Major on the same day, Came to St. Louis with Col. Seward and went to the St. Louis Theatre to see Mrs. Craddock in the play of "Milky White" - a poor play and a slim attendance - afterward went to the Everett House, for lodgings, but failing to get suitable accommodations, went to the Lindell House.

Thursday evening June 15

Colonel Nettleton went home today - or started rather. Received a letter from Mattie today. Completed and sent to Post Headquarters Record of proceedings of Field Officers' Court.

Friday evening June 16

Boards to examine officers who wish to enter the Regular Army held session today in this camp. I reported to Major Barnes, A.A.G. at Headquarters, Department of the Missouri today.

Case of Private Kinnan "Conkee" -Co. "E" up for trial before me. Sergeant Frank Allen, Co. "F" apologized to Company "F" at Retreat Roll Call for being intoxicated on the boat at Cincinnati. In consideration of this apology, I have withdrawn charges against him.

Saturday June 17

I went to St. Louis today and reported to the examining board, which was in session in camp yesterday. The board is composed as follows:

Major M.C. Matlack (17th Illinois) President

i

General Bowerdge commanding the district at present, was also a member of the Board
originally.

Sunday June 18

Was busy all day writing. I take a horse back ride now, daily, in the evening.

Monday June 19

Lt. General Seward went to St. Louis today. During his absences 113 cars of horse
equipment arrived for him. I signed a memorandum receipt of their delivery, but the
invoices are to be made to Lt. Col. Seward. In the evening Field Officers of the
various regiments now in this camp, assembled at the Post Headquarters, by direction
of Colonel Bonneville - U.S.A. Commandant of the Post - for consultation r-lative to
measures for securing more thorough discipline among the troops stationed here at
Benton's Barracks. Wrote to Kate this morning.

Tuesday June 20

Busy all day making returns to the Ordnance Department.

Wednesday June 21

The Regiment received orders at 5 p.m. this evening to proceed without delay to Springfield, Mo. Lt. Col. Sward and the R.Q.M. have gone to St. Louis to arrange the details of transportation, so that, if possible, we will set off tomorrow. We are to draw such arms as can be obtained here to complete the equipment of the men of the regiment, and will not be re-mounted until we reach Springfield. In looking over the regimental orders, I find the following:

"The following named officers are hereby temporarily assigned to duty in the company set opposite their respective names.

Captain Alonzo "E" Millard - Company "G"

by command of Lt. Col. Nettleton

signed Jno. Pike 1st Lt. and Adjt.

Gave Beverly $2 today. Wrote this evening to Mrs. Prouty( an account of the City Point letters and enclosed an extract from the Cleveland Daily Leader of 1 June ad General Sherman's report of the "Battle of the Five Forks".) to Hattie, and to Dr. McReynolds.

Troops arriving in camp are very noisy.

Noise in our own barracks, and lights permitted after taps - Lt. Mason appears to be accountable therefor; will direct the officer of the day to ascertain and report the facts of the case in his report on being relieved in the morning.

Thursday evening June 22

The Regiment received orders today from Department Headquarters to proceed at once by R.R. to Springfield, Mo. and report for duty to Brigadier General McKeen. We will probably be off tomorrow.

Friday evening June 23, 1865

Regiment marched to St. Louis today and took the 4 p.m. train for Rollin, which appears to be the terminus of the road.

Saturday evening June 24

The Regiment reached Rolla today at 9 o'clock a.m. and at once marched to Camp Sigel, two miles Southwest of town. On the way to camp, some of the men, mostly of Company "K" were, as since ascertained, engaged in jayhawking a citizen, (A Mr. Cody, I believe, stealing hams, milk, butter, crocks, etc.) I had the ring leader, and subsequently otters of the party arrested and confined. Myers, of Company "K" endeavors to inaugurate a meeting in camp, and is now in confinement.

Sunday evening June 25

Captain Grimes, P.Q.M., and Captain Slaughter, Provost Marshall, visited us today and took dinner with us. The former is in from Atchison, Kansas and the latter from Minnesota. "Chiggers" exceedingly troublesome. Huckleberries for sale in camp.

Monday evening June 26 8 p.m.

Went to Rolla this evening and got shaved. The men of Company "K" who were in arrest for pillaging today paid $5 each to reimburse the old citizen for his plundered hams and crocks. Myers appears to have been the ring-leader, as well as the orator in exciting to mutiny - All the Company K men have been released from confinement for the present - the amount made up by them and paid this evening to the old man, was $25. Fitzgerald of Company "G" and Hopkins of "M" have still to make up their proportion of "damages" and are meanwhile in confinement. A number of the officers of the Regiment were today mustered in their new grades ( or late Commissions) at Rolla - Lt. Col. Sward among the rest, was mustered in as Colonel, but all the rolls have to be sent to Louisville, and countesigned by Colonel Bonneville ( commanding the Post at Benton Barracks) who is Commissary of musters for this District, I believe, before they will be perfect.

Tuesday evening June 27

Lt. Madison Headley, Adjt. 2nd. O.V. C. statcd today for St. Louis to take up rolls for the signature of Colonel Bonneville. I completed and mailed Returns for clothing, camp and garrison equipage pertaining to Co. "G" 2nd O.V.C. for which I am accountable in the months of February, March and April, 1865. I mailed returned for Ordnance and Ordnance Stores for the 1st and 2nd Quarters, 1864 from Benton Barracks the morning that the Regiment left there. We are to start for Springfield tomorrow morning, provided our train arrives - we are to be provided with 40 wagons and two ambulances by Captain Grimes, Post Quatrmaster at Rolla. The flies are very bad here, and the-"chiggers" numerous - and annoying. Rain this morning. Mailed a letter to Mother last evening.

Wednesday evening June 28

Regiment didn't march today. It will probably start this tomorrow. The train (which did not arrive today) is to be increased to 60 wagons, a number of them for forage, will probably arrive in the morning.

Thursday evening June 29

We had a very heavy rain last night which still continued this morning, but notwithstanding, the tents were struck at the prescribed hour, 5 a.m. and the Regiment marched at 6. The route lay for several miles through a narrow, winding valley - through which a small stream meandered in the most torturous manner, and it was now greatly swollen by the recent rains, and was not bridged.

It was necessary for the Regiment to ford it half a dozen times or oftener within two miles. After emerging from the valley, which was muddy, we struck an excellent turnpike, which lay along the base of the steep bluffs, and rocky ledges, and walking was much easier. Having marched ten miles, we crossed the "Little Piney" (a clear stream of about ten yards in width) (and with a raped f current)) and then marched about a mile and a hal up the "bush-whack holler" and encamped near a spring of good water. A

Sunfish abundant here and some of the men catch a number. Part of our baggage train halted (by mistake) about a mile back from our camp and several companies will have to encamp there tonight. Each company has a wagon for baggage - the men's blankets and extra rations) and there is one for Headquatrers, one for the Medical and another for the Q.M. Departments. Weather clear.

Friday evening June 30

Regiment broke camp at 7 a.m. and marched eight miles to the Big Piney (halting to within three-quarters of a mile of the river) through mistake - or easiness of the Quartermaster who wished to propitiate the "mule whackers" and facilitate their stock-grazing facilities., and encamped in the McAdamized roads, on a hill to the right of the road, and mustered the regiment - this being the regular Muster Day.

In the evening rode down to the River - a rapid stream of very clear water about 80 or 100 yards wide and several feet deep at the ford - in company with Colonel Seward and Captain Lawder, and went in bathing. A small post is established at the ford - and a detachment of the 3rd Wisconsin(?) is stationed there - their principle duty seeming to be to keep a garrison flag afloat, and man a ferry boat and fish trap. Bought a couple of cans of peaches of a little clerical or scholastic looking manler, who held forth in new hewn log corn crib - of a building beyond the river, and seemed to be deriving a heavy revenue from the sale of tangle foot whiskey - his barrels being labeled "S.N. Peak's Magnolia Whiskey, Cincinnati Ohio" - a glaring imposition on the well known manufacturer, compounder

or what-all of nearly similar name, who having acquired a princely fortune in the liquor trade in Cincinnati, built the celebrated Opera House which bears his name.

July 1 Saturday

Marched thirteen miles and encamped at Waynesville. The town is in a little valley, surrounded by imposing bluffs, generally more or less wooded and very stony - with rocky ledges dropping out here and there. A military post is established on a hill which dominates the town. An immense garrison flg floats over the barracks and the fortifications on the hill. The town is small - it contains probably 150 inhabitants. The principal building is an old brick office in the center of the town - probably a Court House in former days (as Waynesville is the County Seat of Pukaski County) but it is now being occupied by the Post Commissary. Captain Hillhouse and Adjt. Hedaly joined us here joined us here on arrival, having come on the coach from Rolla (on their way from St. Louis to Springfield) and we - together with Seward took dinner together at the hotel - where we had a very poor huckleberry pie as the chief attraction. Passing through the town, the xregiment encamped among the sycamores, beyond a stream of pure water, which flows from a large spring above the town.

The garrison and the inhabitants of Waynesville are to have a barbecue on the 4th - a fatigue detail from the garrison was digging pits for the fires, and preparing sticks on which to spit the four five "shoats and a deer or two." which it is proposed to broil on the eventful day - they were also preparing tables in a sparse grove which is beautifully carpeted with a rank growth of smart weed and the most luxuriant dog-fennel!

The day has been exceedingly hot - and the march over the stoney and pooprly shaded roads was quite fatiguing. We marched at 5 o'clock this morning to avpid the heat, but as the feet of many of the men are sorely blisered, we were obliged to march slowly and it was mid-day before we reached our camp.

Sunday July 2

Regiment broke camp at the usual hour (5 a.m.) and marched 16 miles over a rough, hilly and stoney country, to the Gasconade River, where, having passed through a few acres of rank dog-fennel, we found a grassy and well-shaded camoing ground on the margin of the stream, which is about a hundred yards wide and of a violence similar to that of the Big Piney current about the same - probably not quite so rapid, and water scarcely as clear.

Monday July 3

Regiment marched at 5 a.m. and encamped at 2 p.m. two and a half miles S.W. of Lebanon, near a couple of small ponds, having marched and struggled, in the broiling sun, over rough, stoney hills, moderately wooded with the burr of Jack Oak, and overgrown in places with huckleberry bushes. Lebanon is a dilapidated village of inferior looking and weather beaten frame houses, situated on a swell of the chaparell covered prairie and contains probably 150 inhabitants., amid the surrounding acres of dog fennel! A military post is garrisoned here, manned by a small detachment of the 3rd Wisconsin Cavalry. We drew five days rations here for the command. Col. Seward received a dispatch from Springfield directing him to turn the command of the regiment over to the next in command, and hasten on to Springfield, to take command of that post. Col. Seward, in consequence, turned over the command to me, and staffed (from our camp by the torrid pools) and set forward on horseback, at 3 p.m., accompanied by Captain Lawder and Captain Mosher.

At 4 p.m. I am informed that the post commisary is not able to send more than one wagon to bring out our rations and requests me to furnish an additional team; I send orders to the Wagon Master, through the Reg. Q.M. to send the team, but he says he won't do it. I at once sent Capt. Hillhouse, officer of the day, with a guard, to arrest the refractory mule-whacker and bring him before me and instruct him further to place the assistant wagon master in charge of the train, and direct him to send the team without delay. The arrested individual, when brought before me, appered very badly frightened and when arrested he was endeavoring to corrall his mule.

(which had been out grazing) in order to send the team. Whereupon I had him released and sent him to his train with the admonition to send the team at once, and avoid a repetition of the offense in the future.

Tuesday July 4

Marched at 3 a.m. and encamped at 8 a.m. at an old stage station, where there were two springs but little water for the mules (in consequence of which I was obliged to send the Ordnance train seven miles further to encamp where water was more plentiful.) Distance marched today was seven miles. Day very hot. Not much celebration of the 4th in camp. Mule whackers again somewhat insubordinate, not wishing to stop where the water was scarce, and herding difficult, owing to the chaparell - but were easily disposed of.

Wednesday July 5

Marched at three a.m., and encamped in the evening ( or rather at eight a.m.) on the Meango River, at clear spring, having marched fourteen miles - river only a creek - which does not flow like other creeks, but stands in pools, or filters seaward through beds of gravel - the pools, shade by sycamores, afforded good places for bathing.

Thursday July 6

Sent part of the train and some companies forward 7 miles to Sand Springs - formerly a military post - where the barracks are still standing last evening and this morning marched at 3p having come fourteen miles through a much better country than we have heretofore on this march., and encamped at eight a.m. at Mr. Warren's, near large stream saw mill. Day very hot. Had Myers, CRmp, and Musser, Co. "K" arrested for pillaging. Passed several clear streams this morning - day very hot. Many blistered feet. Col. Seward sends me a Mail for the Regiment (containing a letter from Mack) and one from Hattie, and one from Mother and another from Kate) also two ambulances, and orders forward Madison Hadlry, Mosher and Duff.

Friday July 7

Marched at three a.m. and reached Springfield, and went into camp in the woods west of town about 10 a.m.. Found good water on the way at a big spring on "the old Hancock place"" 5 miles from Springfield.

e
Camp near Springfield Mo.

July 12 (Wednesday)

I have been very busy for the past few days and have had little time to devote to my
diary; have receipted to Col. Seward for all my ordnance and ordnance stores drawn
from the Arsenal at St. Louis and have been issuing what was necessary to supply the
deficiencies in the regiment and have a large surplus to turn over, as well as a con-
siderable amount of unseviceable ordnance and ordnance stores - horse equipment, etc.
received from company commanders to turn in. Have sent Capt. Stratton to Crossville
Mo. about 55 miles Southwest of here with companies "F" and "L" to take command of the
post there; Captain Bill, 2nd O.V.C. has also been sent there as A.A.A.M. - previous
to starting I had Companies "B" and "B" mounted and shod, and sent them under Lt.
McElroy (Co. "D") back to Lebanon to garrison the Post. Sent with Lt. McElroy
an order to Capt. Millard to stop there ( at Lebanon) and assume the command of the
Post (on his return from leave of absence) instead of coming thru to the Regiment.
Have at length got the whole regiment mounted. The horses are mostly small and thin in
flesh, but I think that we can get them in good order in a month or two if we should
happen to remain here so long.

Thursday, July 13

Wrote to Brother Mack today, also to Kate and Cousin Lizzie. The weather has been very hot for several days - no rain has fallen here for a month past and it is very dusty. Have had the camp laid out anew and will change the companies that yet remain here to different ground from that which they now occupy tomorrow.

Company "H" will leave for Granby, Missouri this morning. Captain William Smith is in command. I have been busy all morning writing out orders and instructions for him, providing him with rations, frage etc. enough to provide his company for the remainder of this month. Major Easton arrived from a leave of absence a few days ago and reported for duty. Surgeon Brisbane newly commissioned and mustered has also reported for duty.

Sunday July 16

Changed the order of camp yesterday. Col. Seward and a party from Springfield rode out to camp today to see me.

The "District of Southwest Missouri" seems to have been abolished, from the telegrams received here and Col. Seward who has been expecting to step into the "soft place" of the forgoing designation, on the departure of Col. Derry of the 3rd Wisconsin - finds himself at the moment in command of the "4th Sub. Dist. of S.W. Mo." - embracing it is supposed the same territory as the District of S.W. Mo. but with powers and jurisdictions undefined and only approximately guessable. I am - to be in command of the Post at Springfield when the fog clears up somewhat, it is supposed.

Monday July 17

Heavy rain today. Major Easton has been busy as President of a Field Officers' Court in the trial of certain evil doers who are to be punished for high crimes and misdemeanors donec and performed at St. Louis and elsewhere along the coast between that city and here -

This evening an order (Special, Orders No. 2 d. Headquarters 4th Sub. Dist. S.W. Missouri) has been issued, directing me to assume command of the post of Springfield, Mo.

Tuesday July 18

I assumed command of the Post this morning, announcing the fact in General Order No. 6 d. Headquarters, Post of Springfield and had Robert N. Treaver, 2nd O.V.C. detailed as Post Adjutant. Have been busy all day overhauling old rubbish in the office and en-deavoring to arrive at some idea of the business on hand, and the way in which it has been hitherto conducted. Captain R.B. Owen, A.Q.M. is Post Quartermaster, Lt. Barbie A.A.Q.M., Captain George F. See, C.S. etc. Have had a great many requisitions, Ration & Forage Returns, signed by Lt. B.N. Tuttle, 2nd. O.V.C. of the Bureau of Freedman and Refugees. There are a great many of the latter, mostly women and children, from Arkansas here - probably not less than 1,000.

Heavy rain today. I commence boarding with Mrs. ______ this evening, paying $5 a week in advance. Received a letter today from Major Gen. M. Piatt, A.A.G. Headquarers

Dept. of the Missouri, St. Louis, Mo. today - he is an old friend of mine of whom
I had "lost track" since the days we were together in June 1861 at Camp Dennison, Ohio.

Wednesday July 19

Wrote to Piatt this evening. Company "I" stays for Fort Riley, Kansas, under Lt. Joyce (who is to report to Captain Hillhouse) tomorrow to escort a train for Capt. Owen. Weather warm this evening.

Thursday July 20

Have had several clerks busy all day assorting orders from every Headquarters on the continent - I found them all jumbled together and no complete file in the office -

Visited the Military Prison to ascertain the condition of the Prisoners and learn, if
possible, who they are, and the crimes with which they are charged - the records of
this office being very obscure on the subject. Found a number of them in irons. Di-
rected the Jailor to have their bedding aired daily. Will make further investigation
into their cases when I have sifted the orders on file and am able to find the proper
records - some of them (the prisoners) it appears have been tried by Court Martial
and are undergoing sentences - Joyce got off today. Sgt. Jack King and others of the
company have loitered behind and seem to be indulging somewhat in ardent spirits as a
beverage - I will have them in the stockade presently if they don't make themselves
scarce hereabouts before dark - Men of the companies now here on guard every other night
and I can't discover where it is possible to diminish the guard in a single instance.
Several million dollars worth of public property is stored here and a guard appears to
be indispensable at every post where one is now stationed, Received supply of Ordnance
blanks today from the chief Ordnance Officer of the Department.

Springfield, Mo. July 21

"Wild Bill", the longhaired scout, this evening shot "Tut" the <u>tother</u> scout in the public square, killing him almost instantly. I had "Wild Bill" arested at once, and turned him over to the civil authorities for trial - he is a noted scout, desperado, and gambler, as was also the man that he killed. Both have been in the habit of appearing on the street with two revolvers strapped on their belts - both have been intimate for 61 years and have been gambling together today. The ill will seems to have orinated at the gambling table - "Tut" appropriating a watch which belonged to "Wild Bill" and refusing to give it up until a debt of $35 which he alleged was due him from "Wild Bill" was paid. "Wild Bill" desired him thereup to distinctly understand that he ("TuT") couldn't walk the streets wearing his (Wild Bill's) watch, but the admonition was not heeded. Both fired silmultaneously, as it appeared to me, at the distance of about 100 paces. "Tut" was shot directly through the chest, He was the son and the support of a widow lady of this place.

Saturday evening July 22

"Wild Bill" has been released on bail. Public sympathy seems to be about equally divided between him and his victim. Moved into a room upstairs, leaving Traver, Post Adjtant in sole possession of the one I have hitherto occupied.

Wednesday July 26

Sent a patrol this afternoon after two men - civilian strangers - who had dashed out of town at a gallop, flourishing their revolvers and yelling at a terrific rate, and who engaged at firing at cows on the prairies just above the house two or three miles beyond town where they were found sleeping off the effects of the liquor which had set them crazy for the time being. Have just sent them to Lt. Rand, for confinement in the stockade, with orders for them to be brought before me at 10 o'clock tomorrow.

Thursday July 27

Had Private Matthew Park, of Company "E", arrested for drunkenness and disorderly conduct and sent him to the stockade for confinement. Company "D" returned to the Post from detached service, at Lebanon, Mo., Lt. McElroy in command.

Friday July 28

Captain W.D. Hubbard, 13th Mo. Vol. Cav. and A.C.M. Dept. of the Missouri arrived here to muster the officers of the 2nd O.V.C. who have been newly commissioned - a number of 2nd Lts. We have been having heavy rain nightly for a week past and the mail is detained in consequence of high water between here and Rolla.

July 29

Wrote to Mother and sent her $10 yesterday - Gave Beverly $3 the other day to pay board. Our new suttler opened his establishment for the edification of the officers of the Regiment last evening, Received a letter from Cousin Lizzie today and replied to Box 97, Johnstown, Pa. Had Captain Hubbard muster out some enlisted men of the 8th Mo. Cavalry and sent others to Benton Barracks.

Sunday July 30

i

Went with Col. Seward, Lt. Headly and party to visit the battle-ground of Wilson's Creek, where General Lyon was killed and Sigel failed to cooperate. The battleground is about 11 miles S.W. of Springfield. A number of ladies were in the party - Mrs. Spaan and her daughter Dora among the number - also Miss Laura Joap - a sweet black-eyed girl - and altogether we had a pleasant time, a regular pic-nic.

Monday July 31

Have been busy today making various Returns and Reports, and this evening finished my report for Q.M. stores pertaining to Co. "G" 2nd. O.V.C, for the months of February, March and April, 1865.

Tuesday August 1, 1865

The 4th Sub. Dist. of Mo. has been submerged - discontinued today and accordingly Col. Seward resumes command of the Post of Springfield - his announcement to that effect is duly set forth in General Orders No. 2, dated Headquarters 4th Sub. Dist. of the Mo. August 1, 1865.

Wednesday August 2

Received a letter from Dr. Wm. H. McReynolds today. Captain Lawder started for St. Louis today and Lt. Lukins for Lebanon, Mo. and both went together in an ambulance.

Friday August 4

I paid up the remainder of my board bill to Mrs. Spoon today and came out to camp, and assumed command of the regiment. Quite a rainy day.

Saturday August 5

Have been very busy all day, making out vouchers for my returns of Ordnance and Ordnance Stores pertaining to Company "G" 2nd O.V.C. for the 1st and 2nd Quarters of 1865.

Paid in $5 to the Mess today.

Bright moonlight tonight and the crickets and the katydids chirruping incessantly, and notwithstanding the serenity of the sky and air and all nature in this immediate vicinity, **heavy, almost deafeningly** crashes of thunder are heard in the northwest - this would be considered a very singular phenomenon in Ohio, but is nothing unusual here. Thunder in some quarter may be heard at almost any hour of the day or night on these elevated table lands.

I find on my return to the Regiment that little pains have been taken by the company officers to enforce the orders of camp in relation to the preservation of trees in the groves and woods where the regiment is now encamped. The bark has been thoroughly gnawed from every tree within reach of the horses, and no effort made to prevent it. I will hold somebody responsible for this however, presently.

Sunday August 6

Mailed muster rolls for the Regiment for May and June to the Adjutant General U.S.A. and Muster and Pay Rolls for the same period to Col. Brown, chief paymaster, Department of the Mo. yesterday evening.

u

Had usual Sunday morning inspection today, arms, clothing, etc. reported in good condition, ride through the grounds and find that some companies neglect policing to a considerable extent - will have this matter better attended to hereafter.

Issued circular this evening to the "Jaffrons".

Received a letter from Brother Mack and one from Elder - the first I have received from him since the commencement of the war -

Monday August 7

Busy all forenoon preparing vouchers for the Ordnance and the Ordnance stores pertaining to Companies "B", "F" and "H" - Mailed invoices and receipts to Capts. Milkard and Stratton.
In the afternoon wrote to Brothers Mack and Elder - later in the day a party of fair equestrians, with their escorts, arrived in camp - and remained an hour with us. Dr. Brisbane and several of the ladies entertaining us with songs ( Sherman's March to the Sea, among others), while the Doctor accompanied the vocal performance with the symphony' of his guitar. A very pleasant occasion - the ladies were Miss Dora Spoan, Miss Duval, and the Misses Rountre. In the evening rode up to Springfield and called on Miss Joap - was introduced to Miss Boyd, a sweet creature of secess proclivities and had a delightful buggy ride with her by moonlight. Lt. Headly meanwhile taking a drive with Miss Joap (concerning the orthography of this latter name I am uncertain)

Tuesday August 8

Remained in camp all day, preparing file of orders, directing the policing of the grounds, etc. Signed the necessary papers to enable Lt. Fisher to muster in as 1st Lt. of Company "H".

Wednesday evening August 9

Several of the Officers have been to a Piu-Nic at the Battleground of Wilson's Creek today. In the afternoon I issued an order removing restrictions which have hitherto been in force (for several days past) in relation to passes. Visited Springfield this evening and went to hear "Pelton's Minstrels" - a troup composed exclusively of the men of the regiment. The entertainment appears to be a success financially as well as histrionically and musically - at least it will do well enough during the present dearth of entertainment for such a one fond of the like. Brevet Brig. Gen. Beverage commanding the sub-district (headquarters at Rolla) is expected to arrive here tomorrow morning and an escort of 100 men is ordered to be in readiness at 7 o'clock in

the morning to go out and meet him. A salute will be fired from the big guns (24 pounders) of Fort No. 1 on his arrival.

August 10 Thursday

Brevet Brig. Gen. Beverage arrived this afternoon. Went to a ball tonight at the
Lyon House

Friday August 11

General Beveridge paid me a visit this morning accompanied by his staff - We had a
social talk for a half hour, when he returned, by way of the fairs, to Springfield.

In the evening I took a buggy ride with Miss "Lulu" or "Luly" Boyd, alias Mrs.
Clifford - as it appears she was married to a rebel Major Clifford, at the commence-
ment of the war for two or three weeks, and after a three year absence on his part,
without writing to her (for the reason that he is probably dead) she applied for and ob-
tained a divorce. Why she is now called "Miss Boyd" is a mystery. I don't think I will
take the young lady buggy riding again soon. She makes herself a trifle disagreeable
without any occasion to do so, in a futile effort to play the coquette - which is
entirely "played out" - so far, at least, as I am concerned. The weather is intolerably
warm and sultry.

Sunday August 13, 1865

Wrote to Cousin Lizzie today. Weather very warm - a shower in the afternoon.

Monday August 14

Received Special Orders No. 2, Extract 11, dated Headquarters, Department of the Mo.,
St. Louis, Mo. August 8, 1865 granting me a leave of absence for twenty days. I will'
not avail myself of it for several days yet.

Thursday August 17

Started on leave of absence - Bid adieu to Lulu Boyd, Mrs. Spoan and Mrs. Joap -
Was more in love with Lulu than ever - although I never expected to speak to her
again. She looked perfectly charming - she had been on a Pic-Nic yesterday to the
Ozark Caves, but I wouldn't go.

Day very warm - rode part of the way with Companies "G" and "C" - stopped at night with Mr. Mark D. Spain, Night cool -

Residence of Aunt Lizzie
No. 1312 Carlisle Street
Between Broad and 15th Street
and a few doors above Thompson Street
Philadelphia, Pa.
November 10, 1865

I arrived here on Tuesday morning last from Cleveland and Pittsburgh, having come via the Pennsylvania Central R.R., I have neglected to make any entries in my journal for a long time - but will now try to bring up the record up to the present time, having made memoranda in pencil which will enable me to do so -

Having started from Springfield, Mo. on a leave of absence, I reached Rolla, Mo. on the evening of Sunday, August 20, where I met Captain M.F. and Captain R.E. Lawder 2nd O.V.C. and Captain Grimes, Post Quartermaster. The next morning, having left my colored servant, Beverly Brown and my orderly John Campbell at the Soldiers Home to await the arrival of detachment of the Regiment from Springfield, and march with the same to St. Louis, I started on the cars for St. Louis, where I arrived the same evening, and stopped at the Olive Street Hotel - R.R. fare to St. Louis was $5.80.

August 22

Went to call on Major Platt at Headquarters, Department of the Missouri - Took tea with him and was introduced to his wife -

August 23

Started for Cincinnati at 6 a.m. Bill at the Hotel $2.00 - Got military ticket to Cleveland, at a cost of $13.30. Reached Cincinnati at 8 a.m. Thursday August 24. Called on Kate and MaryBelle - also on Mr. Hidder at Pomeroy's Establishment - (on 3rd Street or Pearl Street, I forget which) and got him to endorse a draft for me at the Bank - Corner of 3rd and Main Streets. Next day I started for Letart Falls, 250 miles above Cincinnati, on the Ohio River, to visit Mother and arrived there on Sunday afternoon. Re-mained there until the night of the following Wednesday, when I took passage on the

steamer Mattie Roberts, I believe, for Cincinnati. Fare each way was $6. On reaching
Cincinnati, started at once for Cleveland, stopping on the way at Columbus, to see the
Adjutant General of Ohio in regard to the Lt. Colonelcy of the 2nd. O.V.C. which was
presumed to be vacant, though Major Welch, 2nd O.V.C. on detached service at Greesboro
Point (near Washington) had for several months held the commission, but had never been
mustered in. The Adjutant assured me that without solicitation on my part, I would
be commissioned Lt. Colonel of the Regiment as soon as Governor Anderson ( then in Cleve-
land wither he had gone to attend the funeral of the late Governor Brough) should return
to Columbus to sign the COMMISSION

He informed me moreover that Major Welch would never have been commissioned Lt. Col.
of the Regiment had it been known at Columbus that Major Welch was on detached service -
and had not been with the regiment in the campaigns of 1864 and '65. Also that the
commission would be furnished to me if I stopped in Columbus on my way back to rejoin the
regiment, after expiration of my leave of absence. I then proceeded to Cleveland to visit
Mr. and Mrs. Prouty (at their residence on Church Street in East Cleveland) and also
visited Willoughby. I returned to Columbus to obtain my commission and return to the Regi-
ment, but owing to the want of blank commissions and the failure of the public printer
to supply them at once, and afterwards the absence of the Secretary of State I could not
get a commission at once and meanwhile received a dispatch from Colonel Seward that the
Regiment ( eightc companies of it at least) would be mustered out at once at St. Louis
and start at once for Columbus, instructing me to await its arrival there. I did so and
on its arrival learned that Major Welch had reported to Col. Bonneville
Chief Mustering Officer of the Department of the Mo. on the 23rd day of August
and had been mustered in as Lt. Col. 2nd O.V.C.! Of course I made no further efforts tp
obtain the commission, as no vacancy then properly existed.

The detachment encompassing the companies of the regiment designated by the first
eight letters of the aophabet was mustered out at St. Louis (at Benton Barracks,
on the 11th and paid at Camp Chase, to include the 16th of September) that
OHIO

RATWEN

the men were paid, but the pay of the offices were suspended until the origin
of an altercation which had occurred between certain enlisted men of the regiment and one
Brevet Major P. Hart, Commandant of the Post, and Prov. Mar. at Parkersburg, West Va.
and some of his guards could be cleared up to the entire satisfaction of the Secretary
of War. Colonel Seward and myself accordingly made a full statement of the whole transaction,
as far as we could learn (neither of us having present at the time - nor indeed, any of
the officers,) and forwarded it through Col. Wilcox, Chief C.M. of Ohio to the War
Department, and the result was that the officers of the regiment were ordered to be paid
and discharged, and they were accordingly paid to include the 16th day of September.
With three months additional pay proper in consideration of their having remained in ser-
vice until the end of the war and having been honorably discharged. Owing to the neglect
of the chief Mustering Officer of the Department of the Missouti or his assistants my
muster-out roll and discharge had not been prepared at Benton Barracks, and consequently I
had to wait the slow course of official correspondence, and was not discharged until
the 20th day of October, and was then paid by Majer Jones. While awaiting the result
of the correspondence, I went via Lebanon, Ohio (where I saw Miss Sallie Egbert and the
Misses Thompson) to Cincinnati Ohio where I met Miss Selden. Returning to Columbus via
Troy and I stopped at the former place and called on Mr. and Mrs. E.H. North.
Mrs. North was formerly Miss Hattie Guinan. I left Troy on the 19th day of October
(day of the eclipse) and reached Columbus the same evening. Mil. R.R. fare from Cin.
to Pigra $1.85 and from Pigra to Columbus $1.50 - total $3.35. After discharge and
payment I returned to Cleveland and the following Wednesday (the 25th) went down to

Painesville - (Lake Co. Ohio) and called on Mr. and Mrs. Green. Remained there until
Friday the 27th when I went to Willoughby to see "Uncle Jeff and Aunt Martha" -
Maggie St. John and Miss Josie Smith -

Was anxious to see Miss Silcox of Syracuse, New York, who was there - but I did not have
time. On Saturday the 28th, I went on the cars to Painseville to see Jno. J. Pike and

And the next morning took the train for Cleveland. On Tuesday, the 31st, I bought of Mr. Dill a share (one tenth interest) in an oil well going down on Lease No. 1 on the Ball farm of ____, ____ Co. Pa.

On Thursday November 2, I started for Philadelphia, reached Pittsburgh the same night. Stopped at the Monongehela House. Called on Mr. J.F. Day at the firm of Day and Hayden., where Wilson is stopping, and at the solicitation of Mrs. Day went to his residence and spent the day. Remained until Sunday, November 5, when I started for Philadelphia with Mr. Day. Stopped off at Johnstown to see Cousin Lizzie whom is in the establishment of Mr. Zimmerman. Remained there until the next evening, November 6. when I took the express train at 7:50 and arrived in this city at eight o'clock on the following morning.

["January 7, 1893", "(Stationery of the Hollenden Hotel)\nCleveland, Ohio", "My dear Family:", "Collectively & Individually I rec'd your precious letters today & was glad to hear that you were all well & happy, enjoying yourselves to the extent of your ability. A blessing which but few have the privilege of doing.", "I think it really laughable to think that so many made the same mistake the other day which you did. The weather is very cold here and we feel the effects of it sometimes. I spoke to Mark about the bed but he said that he would not have it put up. I think he could have never come at a time when I should have enjoyed his company more as you and Hattie are away he seems to fill the vacancy between in a great degree.", "Grandpa seems well as usual but appears weak and looks feeble. He goes to often. John came here from Youngsville last week sems very well says he has had a nice time this winter has been to Mr. <u>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp

Friday evening October 11, 1867

Dear Sister

There is nothing of special importance to communicate yet this blank sheet
seems to require that something be written so I will at least fill you that we are
well. Pa is now in Michigan I suppose - left home on Wednesday. Came home from
Meadville the previous afternoon - was only at home one night
____________________
expecting to find Uncle William and Aunt Esther here - as he was told
by ______ that they had been here a week. We heard by Helen Schofield that Major
Leonard is at ______ and expecting her tomorrow., also Mrs. Fancher and Lille every
minute.

Mary is coming to wash tomorrow.

Mrs. Campbell, the woman who was with Esher was with Mrs. ____. Ma says that you must not get tired out and sick as you did last Fall. Have been canning grapes and peaches since I came home. Ma thinks she would prefer visiting you in the summer. Miss Miller has been east and returned before I did. Have you called at Mrs. ____. We have had pleasant sun til yesterday - it commenced to rain and continues to do- so and presume it may for some time. Good night.

Hattie