["6 PART A—Thursday, Feb. 10, 1972", "Los Angeles Times", "NIXON REPORT TO CONGRESS", "Continued from 5th Page", "In, involving the problems of Africa, while increasing the number of white Americans in developing activities.", "OUR BASIC PURPOSE—AND VIETNAM\nEach of the four basic purposes of our national policy is described in itself. But the basic purpose of the policies in the fact that they are all part of one program. The policies lie in the fact that they are all part of one program. The policies lie in the fact that they are all part of one program.", "During much of the previous decade, our national purpose to reach that goal had been disrupted by a long war. On March 23, 1972 I described our thirty-month effort to reach peace through secret negotiations. I also presented our new proposals which clearly make possible a peaceful settlement which entrains the political change of South Vietnam to the South Vietnam. Alternatively, as we offered to do over nine months ago, we are ready to conclude a settlement of military issues only. To date, however, our earnest efforts to end the war for all participants through negotiations have foundered on the same problems. That has left us no choice but to continue our efforts to end the war for all participants through Vietnamization of the conflict.", "COMBAT ROLE", "We have come to a long way. In Vietnam, we have changed the very nature of the U.S. involvement. Our ground combat role has effectively ended. When I came into office, the American troop were being withdrawn from Vietnam through Vietnamization of the conflict.", "COMBAT ROLE", "We have come to a long way. In Vietnam, we have changed the very nature of the U.S. involvement. Our ground combat role has effectively ended. When I came into office, the American troop were being withdrawn from Vietnam through Vietnamization of the conflict.", "and we were suffering an average of more than 1,000 killed. We have not yet made this report. Our crew are now being put through a reenlistment and will be no higher than 60.0% by the first of this year. Our combat deaths were down from 1,000 to 500, and our combat costs, draft calls—all have sharply dropped.", "Those facts represent the transformation of the American role in Vietnam. We have been forced to do, without abandoning our original role, to establish a growing security to our people, increasingly to meet its own defense needs, and to provide a growing security to our people.", "PROGRESS WAS", "TEMPERED BY DISAPPOINTMENTS", "During the year there were several sharp disappointments.", "During the year there were several sharp disappointments. During the year there were several sharp disappointments. Such a settlement continues to be available to our enemy. Such a settlement continues to be available to

Propane tank explosion injures 40 persons—Story below

The Boston Globe

Promising

THURSDAY — SUNNY, 30s.
FRIDAY — FAIR, 30s.
SUNSET — 5:09 P.M.
FULL REPORT — PAGE 43.

GER

1

THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 10, 1972

®

Telephone 288-8000

60 Pages — 15¢

Annual review also cites Viet, Mideast setbacks

# Nixon sees promise of world peace

ON THE STATE OF THE WORLD — President Nixon sits at the desk in a small room adjacent to his main

White House office where he delivered yesterday's radio speech on "the state of the world." (AP)

By Darius S. Jhabvala
Globe Washington Bureau

WASHINGTON — The United States government, “once again acting with assurance and purpose” under the Nixon Administration, has brought the world “closer to a stable peace.”

President Nixon, in a nationwide radio preface to his third State of the World Message to Congress, yesterday declared that he had achieved several “breakthroughs toward peace” because “three years ago, we stopped reacting on the basis of yesterday's habits and started acting to deal with the realities of today and the opportunities of tomorrow.”

Thus the report described in detail areas of “striking progress,” “dramatic departures” and “mysterious steps” taken in 1971.

But included also in the 236-page document, entitled “United States Foreign Policy for the 1970’s—The Emerging Structure for Peace” are the disappointments in Vietnam, India-Pakistan and the Middle East, the emergence of new and more intractable defense problems and the almost-imperceptible transition from confrontation to detente with the Communist bloc.

"1971 was the watershed year. The foundation laid and the cumulative effect of actions taken earlier enabled us to achieve, during the past year, changes in our foreign policy of historic scope and significance," the President said in his report.

The thrust of the 94,000-word report was that the opening to China and the progress of negotiations with the Soviet Union on a variety of issues reflect "striking progress" in foreign policy.

WORLD, Page 26

## Close look inside at the President's main points:

Reporters from the Globe Washington Bureau and other correspondents break down the State of the World message into its most significant parts:

**JAPAN** — Relations between the United States and Japan were subjected to growing strains that came to a head with the “shock of 1971,” when Mr. Nixon announced plans for Peking trip and followed it with surcharge on imports. But Japan shall remain our most important Asian ally.

**CHINA**—Rapprochement with the People's Republic of China is potentially the most important move the President has made in the realm of foreign policy in the past year—although it has created problems.

**ARMS** — Four times in the message Mr. Nixon expressed concern over the Soviet expansion in new areas and waters of the world. Despite prospects of an early SALT agreement on limiting ABM's, there may be a new spiral of more sophisticated

devasatating weapons.

**MIDEAST** — The growing Russian military strength in the Mediterranean is a pivotal point in any settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict. The President hopes that the Soviet Union understands that it can avoid war there by exercising “restraint in its arms supply” and by “refraining from the use of this dispute to enhance its own military position and encouraging the negotiation of a peace.”

Stories, Page 26

THE PRESIDENCY
BY HUGH SIDEY

Making history in Peking

There is at this moment a Peking White House, a stolid building that sits near a lake in the western suburbs of the Chinese capital, ten minutes from the Great Hall of the People. It is occupied by Richard Nixon, the former nemesis of all Communists, and it exudes the same fragrance of power that one can whiff from Lafayette Park on Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington: the Secret Service agents with knife creases in their pants and wing-tip shoes, the omnipresent organizational aide H. R. (Bob) Haldeman with his crew cut, Canon movie camera and the air of ownership, the great big brain of Henry Kissinger coming through in German accent, and those white telephones which can connect Nixon with anyone, anywhere, at any time.

Last week in Washington it was as if two decades of assumptions had been ripped out and thrown away and we were beginning again. A singular spell lay over the city in the days before Nixon left. This reporter picked up his phone early one morning to hear a warm but utterly strange Chinese-American voice say that he had been born in China and his father-in-law had been a friend of Henry Luce, LIFE's founder, whose father was a missionary in China, and, well, said the caller, how he wished he

could go, and, well, "good luck." There was the sudden discovery that a contractor putting a couple of rooms on my house had spent two boyhood years in Tientsin when his father served in the army there. He enjoyed my opportunity to go. It was the same with a housewife just down the street. And a neighborhood stroller who stopped to see the construction explained how he had been born in Peking and lived there until he was 15. There is apparently an army of people who touched China or were touched by it in some way. Those decades of isolation seem almost meaningless to them. And to the rest of us: the whole idea of "containing" the Chinese Reds, an axiom of U.S. foreign policy for more years than one can recall, has apparently joined the skeletal Joe McCarthy in our national closet.

There were other echoes of the past in Nixon's departure. In a way, he seemed to be the scrubbed and wholesome American missionary every Sunday school boy gave his dimes to support a few decades ago. But the cool efficiency of his entourage recalled another image—the Yankee trader out to sell locomotives and bulldozers. The true character of the enterprise was still to be revealed. Nixon knew what he wanted it to be. In the countdown hours in the Oval Office, on the plane looking out at those towering cumulus clouds that shroud the Pacific, he had done his best to make the trip transcend politics, most of which is forgotten in a generation, and to cast it in a more lasting form.

"It can be a historical event," Henry Kissinger insisted. As planner and arranger, for him as for his boss there is really only one objective. It is for Nixon and Mao Tse-tung (and Chou En-lai) to take the measure of each other and establish some common base. It is to discover, in some hours of timidity, that each is an essentially reliable man, and on that understanding found a new relationship. "For the first time," says Kissinger, "the two cultures and two societies are meeting on a level of equality. When America first got to know China, America was a small country and China was a great civilization. When we became a great power, China was being exploited by foreign powers—even our Open Door policy was seen by the Chinese in this light."

In the last hours before leaving, by candelight, with a fire crackling in the fireplace of the family dining room, Nixon met with the 70-year-old André Malraux, French writer, thinker and political activist, Charles de Gaulle's minister of culture. They talked of the nature of greatness in men. Malraux insisted there were only three great men in recent history—Mao, Gandhi and de Gaulle. With an aplomb that only a Frenchman could muster (and perhaps only Malraux among Frenchmen), he ruled out Churchill and Nehru. Mao, Gandhi and de Gaulle, he told Nixon, "were great men because they molded the conditions which they faced."

"Yes," replied Nixon, "but to mold the conditions you have to have a big nation in an important geographical location. If greatness depended only on the skill and intelligence of the person, a man like Australia's Robert Menzies would have been great."

Nixon turned to discuss the trip and struck a strangely melancholy note. He was reminded of the story one of Lincoln's biographers told. The day before Lincoln's assassination, Nixon said, Lincoln had come into the Cabinet Room and told the people there he had a feeling something important was going to happen. He had had a dream, the story goes, that he had embarked on a voyage on a boat and he could see only a strange, indefinable shore ahead.

"Perhaps I, too, am embarked on a strange voyage," Nixon said quietly. "But my purpose is to try to manipulate the boat, avoid the reefs and arrive at my destination, which is better understanding of China."

"No one will know if you succeed for at least 50 years, Mr. President," answered Malraux. "The Chinese are very patient."

"I know that," said Nixon. "But I believe, as you believe, that relations should be restored. The American people and I can be patient too."

Over the brandy, as the candles burned low, Malraux suddenly looked at the man beside him. "When you face Mao you will be meeting a colossus," he said. "But a colossus facing death. Do you know what the most important thing about you will be to Mao? Your youth."

"One small step for man . . ."

VOL. 72, NO. 7

LIFE

FEBRUARY 25, 1972

CONTENTS

EDITORS' NOTE

**I Remember Howard** 24
Noah Dietrich, the man who really knew Howard Hughes, talks about the reclusive billionaire

**Salute to Sapporo-A LIFE Special** 32
The U.S. has never done better in the Winter Games. Photographed by John Dominis, George Silk and John Zimmerman. Zest, precision and an unlikely hero, by Donald Jackson

**Happy 40th, Dear Liz** 57
Elizabeth Taylor reaches a milestone. By Thomas Thompson

**Heeeereere's John!-the Media Candidate** 62B
New York's Mayor Lindsay is on the campaign trail. By Josh Greenfield

**Cole Porter** 71
A revival is under way. By Tom Prideaux

**When the U.S. Sailed to China** 74
Two centuries ago, a very new country made contact with a very old one. Photographed by Henry Groskinsky

**Parting Shots** 81
Nixon's new economist has trouble with her checkbook. Another Dr. Barnard transplants a human heart. A super flap over "Supersleuth"

DEPARTMENTS

**THE PRESIDENCY** Making history in Peking. 4
By Hugh Sidey

**REVIEWS** 8-16
Cyclops applauds Bill Russell, newest of the athletes-turned-TV-commentators
Richard Schickel reviews Paul Williams's new film, *Dealing*
A loser's guide to investing, by Stanley H. Brown
Webster Schott on *The Prince*, a successful first novel by R. M. Koster

**20 YEARS AGO IN 'LIFE'** In Great Britain, three queens mourn the passing of a king 18

**LETTERS TO THE EDITORS** 22D

© 1972 TIME INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. REPRODUCTION IN WHOLE OR IN PART WITHOUT PERMISSION IS PROHIBITED

COVER-NORMAN PARKINSON 3-CHINA PHOTO SERVICE-AP 4-cartoon by RANAN LURIE 8-ABC-TV-WASHINGTON BROS. 10-19-IL NINA LEEN-© STUDIO USA LTD. 11-RONALD CASE from KEYSTONE 20-ROBERT STINNETT for THE OAKLAND TRIBUNE 24, 25-IL. ACME. 1-courtesy FAWCETT PUBLICATIONS INC., ACME. bot. rt. ACME 26-IL. BOB LANDRY 27-1. THE BETTMANN ARCHIVE. UPI. bot. UPI. ACME, BOB LANDRY 28, 29-IL. ACME. CARL BYOR and ASSOCIATES-GEORGE SKADDING. I.J.R. EYERMAN and ALLAN GRANT. ACME. bot. MARTHA HOLMES 32, 33-1. GEORGE SILK. bot. JOHN DOMINIS 34, 35-1. and bot. 1. GEORGE SILK. rt. HEINZ KLUETMEIER 36-JOHN ZIMMERMAN 38-JOHN ZIMMERMAN exc. lt. rt. JOHN DOMINIS 40-JOHN ZIMMERMAN 45, 46, 47 JOHN DOMINIS 50, 52-JOHN ZIMMERMAN 54-GEORGE SILK 57, 58-NORMAN PARKINSON 63-IL. MGM. BOB LANDRY. bot. TONI FRISSELL, FRANCIS MILLER 62. rt. NORMAN PARKINSON 62B, 62C-1. NBC. rt. AP. UPI 62D-MICHAEL GINSBERG-AP 69-TIM BOXER from PICTORIAL 71-EILEEN DARBY from GRAPHIC HOUSE 72-bot. CULVER PICTURES 76-bot. 1. MARKHAM W. SEXTON for THE PEABODY MUSEUM, SALEM, MASS. 81-HERBERT K. BARNETT-DON MACKENZIE 82-NEW YORK SUBWAYS ADVERTISING CO., INC.-HARRY BENSON, JOHN OLSON 83-HARRY BENSON 84-CO RENTMEESTER

February 25, 1972

Volume 72, Number 7

LIFE is published weekly except two issues yearly combining two issues in one by Time Inc., 541 N. Fairbanks Court, Chicago, Illinois 60611, principal office Rockefeller Center, New York, N.Y. 10020. James R. Shepley, President; Richard B. McKough, Treasurer; Charles B. Bear, Secretary. Second-class postage paid at Chicago, Ill., and at additional mailing offices. Authorized as second-class mail by the Post Office Department at Ottawa, Canada and for payment of postage in cash. U.S. subscriptions $10.00 a year; Canadian subscriptions $12.00 a year; all other countries $20.00. LIFE assumes no responsibility for loss of or damage to uncataloged articles, photographs or art. Reivers who submit editorial materials should enclose a self-addressed return envelope with proper postage.

Some stories as planned,
and two that changed

In this week's issue *LIFE's* photographers and reporters deliver a memorable word-and-picture summary of the Winter Olympics, Josh Greenfield reports on that energetic, telegenetic new Democrat, John Lindsay, Tommy Thompson tells how his friend Elizabeth Taylor looks and acts as she turns 40, and Hugh Sidey records the preparations for the President's historic trip to China.

Sidey and *LIFE* Photographer John Dominis are among the 87 journalists who are accompanying the President. But, for a tragic reason, we will not be able to give you the report of an 88th journalist who had planned to go. Edgar Snow died last week. Long an authority on China, a trusted friend of both Mao and Chou En-lai for many years, Snow had been the first to announce (*LIFE*, April 30, 1971) that Mao would welcome President Nixon to China. It had been Edgar Snow's intention to cover the trip for *LIFE* from the Chinese side, reporting the reactions of Mao and Chou as only he would have been able to do. We will sorely miss the expert words and insights of the 88th man.

One story in this week's issue is, to say the least, very different from the one we had expected to give you. As most of you know, *LIFE* announced last week that it would not publish the Howard Hughes "autobiography" prepared by Clifford Irving. We believe investigation has shown that the manuscript was fraudulently assembled, and that we were simply fooled by Clifford Irving.

As I reported on Feb. 4, we knew we had a highly readable manuscript about the world's most eccentric man. We thought we had the real goods, and if there were doubts about the intermediary, we thought that the validity of the material was confirmed not only by its convincing nature but by the most reputable of handwriting analysts. We were mistaken. (From the beginning, McGraw-Hill, which owned the property outright, had honorably agreed that if Howard Hughes failed to authorize the book, all *LIFE's* payments would be returned.)

During the weeks when we had been preparing for publication, we gathered a remarkable collection of biographical Hughes pictures, and this week we asked Noah Dietrich, Hughes's right-hand man for 32 years, to write as captions whatever thoughts they prompted (pages 24-29). Dietrich's own book on his years with Hughes will be published shortly—unlike the Irving "autobiography," which may never appear.

Close parallels have been discovered between Irving's book and an unpublished manuscript by James Phelan based on talks with Noah Dietrich (*Time*, Feb. 21), but much remains unaccounted for and much remains to be learned about Irving's sources and how he got them. Both *LIFE* and McGraw-Hill intend to continue their investigations, which in past weeks have turned up vital evidence, including the most important single break in the case: the fact that the "H. R. Hughes" Swiss bank account belonged to a woman who turned out to be Mrs. Clifford Irving.

I certainly wish these investigations had been even more productive—and at an earlier date.

RALPH GRAVES, Managing Editor

EDGAR SNOW

NOAH DIETRICH

3

# Lone Hand

(Continued from Page 1)

ter for the three-ring Paris peace talks, Vienna SALT talks and Brussels NATO conference that were going on simultaneously behind closed doors. He called the signals from the White House.

— He also kept close watch through horn-rimmed glasses upon such farflung trouble spots as Cuba, Chile and Korea. He monitored the diplomatic cables, intelligence digests and situation reports that poured into Washington from around the globe. His interpretations and recommendations, largely guided the President in setting policy everywhere.

— Day after day, Kissinger processed dozens of option papers, security memoranda and briefing papers for the President. Kissinger also worked on several major national security studies on such subjects as "Prisoners of War" and "Laos Peace Initiatives."

IN SHORT, Henry Kissinger has been running U.S. foreign policy out of his basement office in the White House. The final decisions, to be sure, have been made by the President. But Kissinger has guided the President's thinking and directed the implementation of his policies.

The State Department, with its worldwide Foreign Service network, has been relegated largely to a messenger service. Kissinger accepts briefing papers from the State Department, and the Department's

specialists participate in White House strategy sessions.

But the final formulation of policy is handled by Kissinger. In preparation for the President's Peking visit, for example, veteran strategists at the State Department submitted briefing papers but weren't invited to join the advance party now in Peking. This mission is completely controlled by Kissinger.

Yet Kissinger has been able to operate in almost total secrecy. Congress has sought in vain to find out what he's doing, but he has refused to testify as Secretary of State Bill Rogers is required to do. The State Department, which is charged with the conduct of foreign affairs, can't even keep up with Kissinger.

Not until we got hold of the White House Papers has the public been given a glimpse into Kissinger's secret operations.

Not A Rumor Stirred

# Kissinger: 100,000 Secret Miles

By GAYLORD SHAW
Associated Press Writer

WASHINGTON (AP) — Henry Kissinger's nearly 100,000 miles of clandestine international travel for private Vietnam peace talks has proven again that President Nixon and his closest aides can keep a secret.

Kissinger, Nixon's assistant for national-security affairs, was to face newsmen at the White House today to tell how he made 13 separate trips to Paris during the past 30 months without so much as stirring a rumor in this rumor-happy capital. scene.

Initial indications were that several of the Kissinger trips were made in government jets not part of the blue-and-white presidential fleet, and that the talks with the North Vietnam-se were conducted on the outskirts of Paris away from the glare of the city's diplomatic scene.

The stocky, graying Kissinger, who speaks with the accent of his native Germany, sandwiched his Paris trips around another journey. That one produced the bombshell announcement last summer that Nixon will travel to China, a visit arranged by Kissinger when he secretly conferred in Peking with Chinese leaders.

As with his China announcement, Nixon and his spokesmen subtly telegraphed the scope of the secret Vietnam talks which the chief executive disclosed in his national televised speech Tuesday night.

A broad indication had come when Nixon, in a nationally televised CBS interview Jan. 2, said:

> "We have pursued every negotiating channel ... we have made a number of offers in Various channels ... When the total record is published, and it will be published in due time and at an appropriate time ... others will realize that we

have gone the extra mile as far as POWs are concerned. I do not want to disclose any further details because negotiations are under way."

Another hint came Monday when press secretary Ronald L. Ziegler gave this answer when asked whether peace negotiator William Porter would be taking back new proposals when he returned to the Paris talks this week.

> "We do have proposals on the table in Paris and we have not had responses to those proposals from the other side. I don't want, at this moment, to imply to you that he is going to take anything back."

The response puzzled White House reporters at the time, but the meaning became clear. Tuesday night when Nixon disclosed that Porter isn't taking anything new back to Paris—he's simply returning to lay the previously private plan on the public negotiating table.

turned over to Scars-
lice in connection with
en car from the Bay

nabbed Charles Leff
Chhaven Road, Harwich,
two boys as they were
on Old White Plains
at Well House
They are accused
ing in a stolen car which
ortedly abandoned in
of Old White Plains
Scarsdale.

Frym, R-Yonkers,
said the bill extends until July
1, 1973 the law giving prefer-
ence to such veterans in open
and promotion examinations,
and protection against lay-off.

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