June 8th, 1891.

Dr. Susan LaFlesche,

Omaha Agency, Neb.

Dear Miss LaFlesche:

I return you the check for $50 endorsed by me back to Na ah ka nun she. James has $149.83 to his credit on our books and needs no money. You perhaps know that he has only one eye. He is therefore limited in his powers and it becomes all the more necessary that he should have extra education and experience in order that he may meet the issues of life fairly. The more fact that his grandmother wants to see him would not seem to be sufficient for his return, nor is the fact that his father wants him to work, sufficient. My instructions from the Commissioner are to hold on to these students, to push them forward, and it is as little as his parents can do, when all this is being done for him without cost to them, to waive their parental longings for a time and not reduce the past progress to failure by breaking off just at a critical time when James is not safely advanced to the intelligent side.

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 19

June 8th, 1891.

Dr. L. Webster Fox, Delegt.
#1304 Walnut Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Doctor!

The bearer, Miss Wood, one of my teachers, is one of the multitude who obtained glasses from Queen & Co., as I told you. She has had some correspondence and returned them for change but fails to get satisfaction. I told her I thought you would give her an examination and she if she was properly suited, or would advise her how to find out.

At my instance, Dr. Dixon wrote you in reference to a case here. Can't you give a couple of days and some up: I will take you out where we can catch some trout.

VOL. 19

June 8th, 1891.

William B. Harvey,
West Grove, Pa.

Dear friend!

I enclose my check for $2.90, covering bill of
Johnson & Stokes for corns.

With reference to the corns, I cannot buy until
we are able to take care of them here. I doubt if our barn
will be ready before the end of July. If I can find time
I will run down to see you and neighbor Kent. Your brother
in law's possible sale, two months hence, comes near my
time.

Please have Johnson & Stokes' bill receipted
and return.

VOL. 19

June 9th, 1891.

Percy Zadoka,

Chesnut Hill, Phila., Pa.

Dear Percy:

You have shied around so much that I hardly know what to make of you. When you left here you were to keep me advised of your whereabouts and I was to know something of your affairs, but you have persistently avoided doing this, and soon after I would hear you were settled at one place I would hear that you had again left for parts unknown. If you are getting $1.50 a day, that is a good deal more money than you can earn at your agency, and if you handle yourself right you are building up, making yourself strong in character and acquirement, and I certainly would not interfere with that. I would rather advise you to stick to your $1.50 a day. The fresh pets of the reservation are nothing in comparison with that.

I had a letter from the Adjutant General a few days ago asking your whereabouts, stating that you had applied at one time to enlist in the army, that at that time

VOL. 19

P. Z., 2.

they were unable to accept of you, but that now they would
be willing to enlist you for one of the Indian companies.
If you have a mind to come here for that purpose I can do
that myself at any time, or you can write to Major Theodore
Schwan, Assistant Adjutant General, War Department, Washington,
and he will open the way for you.

93

VOL. 19

94

June 9th, 1891.

Josie Vetter,

Netawaka, Jackson Co., Kas.

Dear Josie:

I got your letter. Sorry to hear that you are sick or that you meet with difficulties of any kind. I gave your letter to the Commissioner who asked me for it in reference to some information he had about matters in school. If as you say those people who have been obnoxious are leaving it is all right. In regard to what the people say about your working in the hospital, they are quite mistaken, they do not understand what it is. I think the best thing you could do would be to quit the laundry work and come here at once and do just what I advised you several times.

Chenda is now, as you say, quite a young lady; she will be nine years old in a few days. How long it seems now that we think of it since you were here.

If you should at any time want any portion of your money, let me know.

Your friend,

VOL. 19

96

June 9th, 1891.

Mrs. Mary Black,

1615 East High Street,
Logansport, Ind.

Dear Madam:-

The rent which my wife promised should be paid
to you in advance for my mother is not due until 15th inst.,
but as this is on my mind to-day, and I am likely to be ab-
sent from home at that time, I send you the amount herein,-
$7. Please send me receipt. Mother informs me that
neither of the pumps, which were to be placed in good con-
dition, have been fixed. I shall be glad if you will give
this your attention at once and see that the conveniences
are made good, as arranged with Mrs. Pratt.

VOL. 19

98

June 10th, 1891.

Major Theodore Schwan,

Acting Adjutant General,

War Department, Washington, D. C.

Dear Major:

The Commissioner of Indian Affairs has laid
upon me a very great many improvements for the year and has
concluded that it would be better for us not to increase our
numbers over about what they were last year. This makes it
unnecessary that I should make any considerable tour among
the Indians for children, but I have agreed to go to Pine
Ridge and take a party from there, and there are some reasons
why I should go on Capt. Penny's accounts. If, therefore,
you feel authorized in ordering me, as the Secretary proposed,
to Pine Ridge, I will do what I can in the way of stimulating
enlistments while there. I shall however not be there more
than four or five days. I have no doubt I can give some
substantial aid. I write this now that it may reach you
in the morning and an expecting a telegram at any moment from
Capt. Penny. There is just a bare possibility that it may
not be necessary for me to go, and I will telegraph you on

VOL. 19

100

June 11th, 1891.

Henry Phillips,

41839 Fairmount Avenue,

Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Henry:

I thank you for your long and explicit letter just received. I have also a letter this morning from Miss Jackson informing me that you would return in a few days. We shall be glad to see you and make such use of you as we can along the lines of Dr. Jackson's suggestions.

Gordially, your friend,

VOL. 19

June 11th, 1891.

Frank Palmino,

Laguna, N. M.

My dear Frank:

I have your letter written for the friends and
mother of Ema Secuita. Ema decided for herself that
she would stay at Carlisle for one year more. That is just
what the Commissioner of Indian Affairs desired and what we
all thought the best for her, but she was allowed to decide
for herself. She has gone out to the country for the summer
and it is not advisable to change now. I know it is hard
for her parents and friends to wait so long to see her, but
it is a great deal better that Ema should be pushed for-
ward to education, as you know. I trust you will tell them
about this and that it is my great desire to push the Laguna
and all the children everywhere to higher education and show
them that it is best.

VOL. 19

103

June 11th, 1891.

Mrs. ~~Mlle. Paine~~.

Laguna, N. H.

My dear friend:

While it may be hard for you and his friends at home, it is a great deal better that Perry remain here as the Commissioner directs and push himself forward to more ability. I am always regretting that both you and your husband spent such a short time at Marlboro, that you did not stick until you were better grounded in English and in the rudiments, at least, of an education. Now that Perry is here, getting on well, and there is every inducement for him to stay, except the anxiety of his friends at home to see him, I trust you will be wiser in his case and give him a full chance and encourage him to push forward in his studies rather than discourage him.

With kindest regards,

Faithfully, your friend,

Capt. & Sup't.

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104

June 11th, 1891

General John Eaton,

President, Marietta College,
Marietta, O.

My dear General:

It is not practicable for me to aid Sam
in securing a low rate ticket; indeed, conditions have just
now assumed a shape that it looks doubtful if I can secure
anything but the regular rates for my outgoing and incoming
students for this year. I am heartily glad that he has
received an appointment to help Miss Clarke. Sam can be of
very great use to her and she will be more than glad to get
him when she finds out what he is worth.

Yours sincerely,

Capt. & Sup't.

VOL. 19

105

June 11th, 1891.

Maggie Thomas,
Care A. J. Tappin,
Ogden, Pa.

Dear Maggie:

The Commissioner has been here since I wrote you and has directed that I keep the boys and girls close to their work, where they are in good health and making good progress. You belong to this class, and I have crossed your name off the home going list. You could not be better placed than you are, and it would be very wrong for your uncle, or for me or anybody else, to interfere and prevent you from receiving the benefits of the education and training that you are under now. Make up your own mind to this; take hold anew with vigour and do your very best.

Your friend and schoolfather,

VOL. 19

VOL. 19

June 11th, 1891.

Cecelia Londresh,
Normal School, Normalville, Pa.

My dear Cecelia:

I have your name placed on the list of those to return home this year and think it best you should go with the party the first part of July, unless you have other plans yourself.

I do not feel as though you should become developed in the affairs at the agency or on the reservation. You have a sufficient start and sufficient ability to make yourself useful anywhere. It would be quite practicable to find you a good place, and I could use you here at the school; indeed, I should be glad to have you help Miss Ely through to the end of September and return home at that time, should you be willing to do that. I have no word from Dr. Lyte as to his judgment in regard to you but do not just feel that I can undertake to push you farther unless I have more outside help than is in sight at present.

June 11th, 1891.

Johnnie Bemisia,
Odanch, Wis'

My dear friend!

I have your letter in regard to you and other
boys coming to Carlisle, and have to advise you that about
the 20th you may expect Mr. Campbell, the disciplinarian of
this school, and Mrs. Campbell, to visit your agency, when,
if they can find a party of good boys and girls who are re-
commanded by the agent in every way as entitled to come here,
they will bring them on. You can talk to the boys and girls
about this. We do not care to have any under 12 years of age,
nor do we want any over 18 or 19 years of age. They must be
in good health and we prefer that they should be somewhat ad-
vanced in their studies, and it is better that they be full
of age.

115
111

VOL. 19

June 11th, 1891.

General T. J. Morgan,

Governor of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.

My dear General:

There are several points in the best field Indian labor question at Genoa that I write to you at one about. In the first place, I like the position you take, and have no doubt it will aqueel the opposition. No party can afford to stand up and resolute against the labor of thirty little Indians who are willing to enter the fields and pull weeds in competition with their white brothers. Even this miserable attempt to do it, if ereoded a little, will expose to so much ridicule as to place what Backus is attempting to do on a sure footing, against not only these opponents but any others that may show their heads. I think the situation is decidedly healthy and I hope Backus will not back one iota. However, there is a point wherein he is weak and his attempt is inadequate, and this you ought to know: In an early day, I was approached here by many labor schemes and have been repeatedly desired to place our students in the

VOL. 19

T. J. M., 2a
shoe factories. The Car Works have also asked for them, aid, to a very limited extent. I have coned to the Car Works carpenters and blacksmiths. A fly-net manufactory which employed a great many hands, also a whip factory, applied to me for students; and indeed there would be no difficulty in getting them into any factory, but I saw at once that that had this result: The factory people go in a body; their wear and their wear is common property, and being in numbers they can combine. If I sent Indians in numbers among them, naturally they would become a class. There would be practically no homogeneity. The whites would take abuse at something the Indians did, and the Indians, feeling that they were militated against in some way, would also become aggrieved, and going in bodies they could be led by the demagogues on both sides. Then, too, there would be an Indian community in the factory, and however much I might divide up the tribes they would be formed together and would work upon each other more or less, and, not being in contact with much better elements, they would not progress. Then, being in communities, there would be a loss of individuality, and of the chance to create individuality. If they went into a shoe factory, or any factory, their skill would be employed upon one line as sewing on buttons, making button

VOL. 19

113

To J. M., 3d

holes, or sewing up the sides or putting on the soles, etc.,
and they would not acquire any general skill which would suit
them for other places. Therefore, I have steadily de-
clined to place our students in bodies together for these
purposes.

I have said that what we want is individual contact.
Our pupils must be separated from each other and be rendered
practically helpless to hold on to their old lines of life
and encouraged by the overpowering influences about them to
take up with the lines of our civilized life. This, of
course, in the start was difficult. It demanded individual
effort in various directions in order to grow up confidence
and get individual farmers and others into the notion that
they could utilize Indian labor; but that condition once
brought about is far more full of strength than the factory
or company system, for the reason that the discontent of the
head of the factory might cast a whole party from labor oppor-
tunities, while the discontent of any one farmer, or other
employe, would only lead him to drop the one individual.

Another thing.- The Indians are to become farmers
mostly, as the plans of the government are now projected;
therefore, individual farming is the great necessity. A boy

114

VOL. 19

115

To J. Mc. 40

must learn to manage a whole farm, - not to look out for
beets alone, - for corn, wheat, oats, potatoes, etc., and
this ability he can only acquire by personal experience
throughout all the lines upon which he shall be dependent in
his future.

I deeply sympathize with Backus in his little war,
but he is so entirely safe that I feel he has every reason to
rather relax his position. It will make his school pro-
minent and force the public to think about it and to consider
its aims. Your letter and full letter will become a trea-
dous explosive in his hands, if he uses it right, to once
and for all settle the status of Genoa Indians in Nebraska.

Now, I happen to know that in the State of Iowa,
not far from Genoa, are many most excellent Quakers, deeply
in sympathy with the Indians and their cause, just as the
Quakers of Bucks County are deeply in sympathy with the
Indians and the effort the government is making at Carlisle;
and if Backus will utilize his opportunity and let his wants
become known to them, either by circulate or by visiting their
quarterly and yearly meetings, and bringing parties of them
to the school, etc., as I have done, he will find that, within
a year or two, he will have as broad a field for his indus-
trial work as I have here at Carlisle for mine; but I do

VOL. 19

118

June 12th, 1891.

Mrs. Mary Gebell,

Plegan Agency, Mont.

Dear Mrs. Gebell:

Your children are all in excellent health and have like the 450 other of our students gone out into the country for the summer to earn some pocket money for themselves, to learn how to work and take observations among our best farmers. It will not be possible for me to send them home. We do not receive students here in that manner; they stay come for a fixed term and must depart during that time. Their interest and good, and the best good of the Government and the Indians demand that we should hold the children in school, and push them forward to some sort of intellectual competence. It would not be possible for me to return them as you request.

VOL. 19

119

June 12th, 1891.

General T. J. Morgan,

Commissioner of Indian Affairs,

Washington, D. C.

My dear General!

A dispatch just received from Penny addresses me that he can secure no pupil for Carlisle, though the teachers and school superintendent seem to think that pupil could be secured. I find too that there is a disposition to hold back on account of the large number of camp schools that are to be built up this year. This condition of affairs, of course, will not last and in time the camp schools will be made tributary to us to a much larger degree than at present. I telegraphed you to-day about this. It seems to me, however, that there should be something more emphatic and direct to the superintendent and the agent than my telegram to you would secure. I ought to pull 50 students at least out of Pine Ridge. I would not care if it were 75 or 100, and it will not be difficult to get that many provided the forces there are in union with me in the matter. I hope to make a very short stay and accomplish fully the purposes better than I would do by a long stay. If you tele-

VOL. 19

T. J. M., 2

graph to the superintendent of the Boarding school that it
is your desire that I should have 50 to 75 of the best stu-
dents, and direct him to cooperate heartily, and telegraph
also to the agent in the same effect and instruct him to
invade the camp schools for that purpose. I think I shall be
on a much better footing than I fear I shall be as matters
now stand. I shall be in Pine Ridge before noon on Monday
if the trains connect.

VOL. 19

June 12th, 1891.

Rev. George Edward Reed, D. D.,
Pres't. Dickinson College.

My dear Doctors:

A dispatch from the Secretary of War yesterday
ordered me to Pine Ridge, S. D., and I shall not be back in
time for any of your exercises.

VOL. 19

VOL. 19

June 12th, 1893.

Simon Greene,

Horton's Bay, Mich.

Dear Sirs

Jonah Red Bird has gone out for the summer and is living with Mr. W. Atkinson, at Buckingham, Bucks County, Pa. He is, in health, conduct and progress all that we could ask. He has a saving of $11 and will probably return to us in the fall with quite a little pocket money. Charles Greene is with Mr. S. Platt, Pineville, Bucks Co., Pa. He is in health, conduct and progress doing equally well. His accounts show a saving of $28.25. You understand that we place our students out for the summer months and where we can make good arrangements for them in schools where they will be fairly and properly treated, we keep some out during winter. We arrange these school matters towards fall, through all of my employes who goes around and examines into each case. I have given orders that the home letters from the out students shall be forwarded through me so that I may know hereafter that such letters are written at least once a month. We encourage the students to write often if they will.

Yours cordially,

June 15th, 1891

Mr. Noah Henry,

Sanborn, H. Y.

Dear Sirs-

Yours to Capt. Pratt in regard to the health of Timothy Henry comes to hand in the absence of the Captains. I have submitted it to the doctor for his opinion and forward you his report herewith, from which you will see that Timothy is getting along all right and will be as well off here as anywhere during the vacation.

VOL. 19

129

June 19th, 1891.

Capt. James E. Pilcher,
145 Gates Avenue,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Dear Sir

Your letter, with enclosure from Pauline Bowning, to hand. The facts are about as stated in the letter. It is the intention that Pauline shall return home about July 1st, as her health is not equal to the strain of school life. In regard to Tessie's visit, you must decide it entirely from your own view of the matter. It would undoubtedly be pleasant for the sisters to see each other, as it is doubtful whether there would be any opportunity in the future. If Tessie is able to afford the expense, and you think best for her to make a visit she can stay at the school very nicely without any cost or trouble.

Capt. Pratt is just now about in the next, but the home going party will start as nearly as possible to July 1st. Act in regard to this visit as you think best.

Respectfully yours,

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

James Smith,
Lawrence, Kase

My dear Sirs

It is not possible for me to recall anything of
your being in the hospital, either in Arbuuckle or Fort Still,
and I could not make affidavits covering things that I cannot
remember. If you were in hospital, as stated, the hospital
records will show a great deal better than anything I could
say on your behalf; in fact, it would be the records of the
hospital that would determine your case, anyhow.

I am sorry, of course, to hear that you are in bad
health, but it would not be at all in accord with my ideas
of what is right to do if you in securing a pension, under the
circumstances and in the way you propose.

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1921.

Capt. Henry Renoyd,
Mr. Vernon Barracks, Ala.

My dear Renoyd!

I have just returned from Pine Ridge and find
yours of June 22nd. It is not contemplated to return any of
the Apache students to either San Carlos or Mr. Vernon this
year. They are, generally, doing well and there is no
reason why we should not keep them in the same lines. Were
such a move to be made, I should cheerfully, if at all possible,
meet your wishes.

Miss M. just informs me of her intention to remain
here until about July 20th, and then go to Glen болle, N.Y.,
where there is quite a celebrated summer school for teachers,
and take a course of one month there in company with my
principal teacher, Miss Fisher. She needs to qualify herself
a little better for teaching if she is going to pursue that
for a life work. She is such a very nice girl that I sometimes regret that she should have to bury herself in such
work as this. However, she seems very happy and it may be,
probably is, for the best.

Yours cordially,

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

Almira P. Raymond,

127 Livingston Street,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

Dear friend,

Mrs. Laura Deamone, Annadarko, Ind., a Klean, a widow of one of my former Florida prisoners and an excellent woman, is working for her people intelligently and doing them good, and would make a proper use of whatever you might send her. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church. She is not specially well educated but perfectly able to read and understand the ordinary newspapers. She is subject to many temptations and her people are exceedingly ignorant and backward and oftenoney here. She would appreciate some good periodical calculated to instill courage and elevate manhood.

Clarence Three Stars, Pine Ridge Agency, S. D., is a most excellent young man, a member of the Episcopal Church and is quite a standard authority among our returned pupils at Pine Ridge. He is capable of making good use of

VOL. 19

June 26th, 1921.

Miss Minnie Yandell,

Merchantville, N. J.

My dear Minnie!

Your letter of June 14th came while I was in
Dakota. Nona and I left for Dakota two weeks ago next Fri-
day and returned home yesterday noon. We had quite a
pleasant trip and spent five days at Pine Ridge Agency. I
am very glad to get your letter and I like the spirit of it.
You are not only in right place where you are located but it
is evident you are carrying yourself wisely. All the diffi-
culties that you meet, and trials and temptations, will only
work together for your good, if you but use them right.

In regard to your return to Carlisle September 1st,
I must tell you that I signed contracts to-day for the en-
largement of the Girls' Quarters. They will not be ready for
occupation before the end of September, and I very much fear
that it will be impossible for me to allow girls to return to
the school until the building is finished, for the reason
that we shall have no green to keep them. However, I shall be

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

Packer,

Arapahoe, Darlington, Ok. T'y.

My dear Friend:

Anso sorry to hear that your brother-in-law,
Phillips, is dead. We knew that he could not live when he
left us; he had that ugly disease, consumption.

I am so glad to hear that you are farming and rais-
ing corn and oats and other things. In that good country of
yours you ought to easily get your living out of the ground.
Did you ever think of planting fruit trees? Apple, peaches
and other things would grow nicely where you live.

I have looked over all of Phillips' accounts here
and find that when he left us we gave him all the money that
was due him and closed his account. You are quite mistaken
in thinking that anything is coming to him.

Sincerely, your friend,

Capt. & Sup't.

VOL. 19

E. G. P., 2.

from me. She took up with the idea and on her return to
Boston sent me the 13 instruments needed for the band. These
cost, by the bills sent, $300. It had the effect I
anticipated; three months afterwards our boys were out on
parade playing in an imperfect manner some of the simplest
music, but the tom-toms were so much at a disadvantage, even
under that, that they were dropped. Afterwards, in October
1881, Mrs. Baker gave us $100. She never visited Carlisle,
but the once and these two gifts constitute her donations.
She was always exceedingly friendly to me and to my work
and invited me to her house in Boston repeatedly.

142

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

Miss Frances G. Palmer,
Chairman of Educational Committee,
1066 Asylum Avenue,
Hartford, Conn.

Dear Miss Palmer!

Your letter to Mr. Standing comes to me.
We have a girl who has had a long training in our hospital,
and who, in point of intelligence, is quite in advance of
either Lillie or Nancy. She is most highly commended by
the doctor and the nurse, and we have been expecting a daughter
for her in the Pennsylvania Hospital for some time, but it
has not yet occurred. Her name is Eupha Metaxas. She is,
like Nancy, an one-day, in good health, capable, and I am
sure would meet the expectations of your committee. I will
be glad to send her to you at any time.

VOL. 19

June 26 th, 1891:

Mr. Henry Moore,

Pine Ridge Agency, &. D.

Dear Sir:

I thought I should in some way meet some of the friends of your daughter Nellie when I was at Pine Ridge, but somehow it was not brought about, although I was there for a number of days. Nellie, of her own motion, stays here one more week, at least, and as she has made excellent progress, and is greatly improved in health and wellness, I am sure she should be allowed to carry out her own wishes. The important thing is Nellie's present and future good. The fact that her mother is ill ought not to interfere with her becoming fitted and qualified for a great deal better life than she would be qualified for if left in ignorance and untrained.

VOL. 19

145

June 25th, 1891.

Red Wolf,

Leguat Agency,

Idaho Tye.

My dear friend!

I got your letter and shall be glad of course
to help your son Josiah all that I can.

If the Carlisle school is to be broken up we
have not heard of it here. As the government is expending
about $40,000 in the way of buildings and improvements this
year, I can hardly believe there is any truth in the state-
ment. There are some people anxious it should be
broken up and put out such reports, but it is not at all
likely that the government will be influenced by the wishes
of such people.

Your friend,

Capt. & Surg't.

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

Cecilia Londrosh,

Normal School,
Millersville, Pa.

Dear Cecilia:

I have been away, as you know, and find your letter on my return. Yes, I will send you home and bring you back. Under the circumstances as explained by you, I feel that your position is wise and I like the example of it, aside from the very much greater benefit that I know will come to you through self help. The bane of the whole Indian race is dependence upon the government or others for what they get. If you can carry out your programme, I am very sure that in throwing you on your own resources I have done a wise thing, and that you, in accepting the responsibility, are doing a wise thing.

Capt. & Sig't.

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

Lloyd Kahvawah,

Fort Sill, Ind. T'y.

My dear Lloyd!

I got your letter and am greatly pleased to hear from you after so long a time. I have occasionally heard of you, and I am glad to say generally heard good things of you. I sincerely hope you will do your very best to make a good man of yourself in every way. No young man could have a better opportunity than you have to do that. There is a great deal to be done where you are, - men of the right mind are wanted everywhere in the west and especially on Indian reservations.

Our school has grown since you left. We have now 788 pupils. We have greatly enlarged the buildings and are this year spending about $40,000 for more improvements. We shall have girls quarters that will hold 300. The boys quarters will already carry nearly 400. We have a fine gymnasium, and altogether are in better shape to host the young Indian boys and girls along than we even expected to be.

VOL. 19

To K., B.

I am sorry my old Comanche and Kiowa friends do not send us
more children, but that is their business. It is much easier
not to do a thing than it is to do it.

Remember me, please, to all my Carlisle boys and
girls and to the principal man of the Comanchees and Kiowas,
as you meet them.

With kindest regards,

Your friend,

Capt. & Sup't.

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

Mr. Granville Henry,

Nazareth, Pa.

My dear Sir :

I have just returned from a trip to Dakota and
find yours of 16th. I have nothing from you in regard to
the alate flagging, nor did anything come to me before I left
for the west, so that I am quite in ignorance. However, as
the granolithic pavement is now all arranged for, nothing
should be done to change.

I entirely agree with you in regard to the condition
of our graveyard, and just as soon as it is practicable for me
to place the forces there necessary to redeem its condition,
I will do so and will also plant a few trees.

VOL. 19

150

June 25th, 1891.

Mr. Herbert Welsh,
1305 Arch Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Mr. Welsh!

I send you a number of copies of the
Red Man, marked, which will indicate to you where I stand,
and will give some information on the subject of Buffalo Bill
shows. I have felt in the past as though I were fighting
that battle alone; neither your society, or any other society,
or the churches, seemed to be with me in it and so I let the
matter drop, as I had other fights on hand even more important.
In my judgment, these shows constitute, if not the
very worst, one of the worst tear-down influences we have
to contend with in our Indian work.

VOL. 19

June 25th, 1891.

F. W. Potter,

Fort Totten, N. D.

My dear Mr. Potter:

I am just back from Pine Ridge and find
your letter of the 15th giving an account of your accident.
We all sympathize with you most sincerely and trust that your
shelving may be of short duration. It is pleasant to know
that you have such kind friends about you to take care of
you during your enforced disability. I am specially grate-
ful to you for the assurance that it was not a Carlisle
wagon that did it but rather a Carlisle wagon that saved you.

VOL. 19

June 26th, 1891.

Ralph W. Eaglefeather,

Troop E, 6th Cavalry,

Fort Niobrara, Neb.

My dear Ralph!

I passed by your place on my way to Pine Ridge a week ago Sunday and again last Sunday on my return. It was not possible for me to stop as my trip had to be quickly made. I thought of you and was glad to hear from Capt. Carter, and other officers of the 6th cavalry, how well you boys are doing. I sincerely hope that you will push ahead and show to the officers who have charge of you that Indians can be just as good soldiers as whites or blacks, and I shall be happy if you can prove yourselves even a little better. I am sorry to know that you have been laid up with a sprained ankle, but how good it is that when you are so disabled you have a nice clean hospital to go to and good care and medical attention. Do you appreciate these things? Does it creep into the hearts of you Indians how much better it is to be in the lines of civilized life than in the lines of savage life? I have many letters to write and am going to Washington.

VOL. 19

R. W. P., 2.

All goes well with us at the school. We are pushing hard to get into good shape for next winter. The girls quarters will nearly double their present size when school opens again. We shall have a large fine new blocksmith's shop, pleasant office building and one of the largest barns in the county down on the Parker farm and nice stone walls all over the grounds; also other improvements that will make our work much more satisfactory hereafter.

Give my kindest regards to all the boys in Troop L and please let them know my thought in this letter.

Faithfully, your friend,

VOL. 19

June 20th, 1891.

Matia,

Laguna, N. M.

My dear friend:

I have your letter in regard to Jean and must say to you that I submitted to Jean's judgment entirely in regard to going home or staying here, in accordance with the instructions of the Hon. Commissioner, and Jean, for herself and of her own free will with a full understanding that she could go home if she wanted to, determined to stay here.

While it is unpleasant that it should distress you, it is undoubtedly right that a child, advanced to sufficient knowledge of life and its duties to be able to judge, should be allowed to elect for herself the life she wishes or himself the lines best calculated to advance their future welfare.

While it may seem very hard for you at present, I am entirely sure that in the future, when you realize fully the advantages to Jean and yourself and family, you will thank the Commissioner.

and you will feel proud of the wisdom of your child in making her selection. There has been no disposition to break faith

VOL. 19

M. 2.'

with the parents as you say. The child has rights as well
as the parents and no parent has a right to insist that his
child remain in ignorance. The government is not specially
encouraged by the pull back influence at home and the dis-
position of parents to keep their children ignorant. White
people are glad to educate their children through a long ser-
ties of years and to pay well for it. The government under-
takes to educate the children of the Indians, and pay all ex-
penses in connection therewith, in order that they may stand
on a level with the whites. It seems unfortunate that some
so called friends of the Indians, - those who live with them
and among them, are not wise enough to help to guide them in
the better lines. I urge you to be content with your
daughter's decision and to encourage her to push forward and
do her best while she has these opportunities. It will not
be long until she will be deprived of these privileges and
have to depend upon her efforts. If she is limited to a
very little knowledge and very limited opportunities, she will
be a load somewhere instead of a help.

VOL. 19

June 27th, 1881.

Kish Hawkins,

Darlington, Okt. 27.

My dear Kish:

I sent for Hiram Bailey on receipt of your letter and the check and he informs me that it is to his desire to remain at Carlisle. Not only that, but as he has been here less than three years he is not entitled to go home under any circumstances, unless it becomes necessary on account of his health. I have, therefore, to inform you that it will be useless to send money to him to go home. At his instance, I retain the check and place it to his credit, and if it is the desire of his mother that he should have the money, which as you know probably he does not need, I will allow him to make use of it as we do the other students, by making proper requests and showing for what purpose he wants to use it; but if his mother desires the return, which I think would be the best thing, I will send her check covering the $80.

VOL. 19

June 27th, 1891.

Aaron Pequengay,

Northport, Mich.

My dear friend!

It is not practicable for us to send Lake
home. We cannot undertake to send and bring children to and
from their homes at such short periods. Students come to us
for five years and all of our appropriations are based upon
that. If Lake were ill, and it did not seem best to keep
him here on that account, we would send him home; but he is in
good health and his own good demands that he remain at Car-
lisle and take partake of the vacation training as well as the
school training that he receives during winter. None of the
boys are going home for a visit this summer that I know of.

VOL. 19

June 27th, 1891.

P. J. Boezy,

Port Romp, Ind. 1891.

My dear Sir

I have your letter of 14th inst., asking the
return of your brother, Elmer. As he came here in Sept-
ember 1859, and has consequently not been here two years,
it is quite impracticable for me to send him home as you pro-
pose. Our students came, as you know, for five years, and
it is not intended that they shall be returned to their
homes before that time. It is a great deal better for
him to remain just where he is.

VOL. 19

June 27th, 1891.

Show-me-my,

Governor, Laguna, N. M.

My dear friends:

In my former letter, I spoke to you about Sarah James. Whether she shall go home or not depends on what she says when she arrives here. Annie Morris that you write about (Annie Morton probably) is not only very well but she is getting on wonderfully well and it could be a great pity to disturb her. She is in good health and her parents ought to be satisfied to have her remain here. Gertrude Stow, of her own motion, like some of the others, determined to stay, and it seems best that she should have her own way about it. Later on I am sure her parents and all of her friends will thank me for holding on to her and pushing her forward.

With kindest regards,

Your friend,

Capt. di. Sup't.

VOL. 19

June 27th, 1891.

Show-me,

Governor, Laguam, N. M.

My dear Governor!

I have been about in Dakota for ten days.
On my return find your letter of June 10th in regard to Perry
Teamawa. I wrote fully to his sister Mary on June 11th and
think when she gets that letter and reads it she will help
her father to come to different combinations in regard to
Perry.

K Iowa, of his one motion, has resolved to remain
at Carlisle, and has entered into an agreement for the
summit for vacation with a farmer, where he is earning a
little extra pocket money. Sarah James will be back at
the school in two or three days and if she chooses him to go
home I will send her. If she concludes she would rather
stay here, I feel that that is her right and the Commissioner
order, and shall be compelled to abide her decision.

The following are on the home going list and will
leave here on Wednesday next and should reach Legan about
Sunday July 6th: Avanetshua; Bruce Fisher; Bert Wetmore.

S., 2.

Kiatee; Stascha; Yante Leeds; Marota Kewakery; Minnie Billen;
Mary Heachinya.

Very sincerely, your friend,

162

VOL. 19

June 29th. 1891.

Capt. James E. Pilsner,

Assist. Surgeon U. S. A.

145 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.

My dear Doctor:- Teasy arrived safely and we shall do the best we can to forward her intellectual equipment.

June 29th. 1891.

Samuel Longfellow,

Cambridge,

Boston, Mass.

My dear Sir:- I gave instructions when your former note was received to send photographs, notwithstanding the absence of the dollar. I now have the dollar. I should be most happy to welcome you to Carlisle at any time.

VOL. 19

164

June 29th, 1891.

Mrs. M. C. Wade,

5153 Fifth Ave.,
New York.

My dear Mrs. Wade:- Joel has an eye trouble which may possibly require an operation. I sent him to Philadelphia to consult Dr. Fox who is ophthalmist for our school and he has given him a preparation which by careful application he hopes may absorb the difficult but if it should not in the course of a few weeks he thinks it best to operate. While Joel might, of course, possibly make these applications regularly and properly at Northfield I very much fear that he would not and conclude it best to retain him here where the treatment can go on under the direction of our school physician. It is much the most important that his eyes should be attended to.

I spoke to Reuben of your good intention about him. He has become one of the leading members of the Y. M. C. A. but unfortunately his conduct last year placed him behind in money matters from which he has not recovered. The Y. M. C. A. wanted to send Reuben as a delegate and pay all his expenses but as the other delegates were paying half their expenses Reuben was too high-toned to accept of the special distinction and when I spoke to him of your proposition he said he did not want to go without paying half, that he would rather stay here and work through vacation.

VOL. 19

166

July 2nd. 1891.

Raymond B. Stuart,

Rosebud Agency,
Dakota.

Dear Raymond:- Your letter of two months ago has lain with a bunch of other letters in a drawer of my desk and I owe you an apology for neglecting to answer it. It always gives me pleasure to hear from my old students and I was especially glad to hear from you because of the troubles of last winter.

I am glad to know that you are going back on the right track.

Please give my kind regards and congratulations to Frank Jannies and my best wishes for his happiness through life. I hope his wife is a good woman.

You will hear from Jennie Dubray and Henry Standing Bear all about our affairs at Carlisle. Just now we are making great improvements, - building a large addition to the girls quarters; putting up a blacksmith and wagon shop; new office building on the site of the old chapel; one of the largest barns in the county on the Parker Farm; an addition to the hospital; and the best of walks throughout the grounds.

Yesterday we sent home sixty-three students which leaves us with seven hundred and twenty-two yet in school. Others are coming to us within a few weeks to increase our number at the school to eight hundred. Next year we shall have our commencement exer-

VOL. 19

VOL. 19

168

July 2nd. 1891.

Russeley Wheelock,
Oneida, Wis.

My dear Friend:- Yours of two months' ago was laid away in a
drawer of my desk with many other letters to be answered on my re-
turn from an absence. The great pressure upon me of this time has
occupied my attention so completely as to cause me to over look all
these letters. It is not yet time for your sister Dolly to return
home. She came here for five years,- all students come to Carlisle
for that time,- and at the end of that time she herself decided to
stay, this is a privilege the department extends to the students.
She is thoroughly well and making such good progress that all of
her friends should be glad to keep her where she is.

Truly your friend,

VOL. 19

July 2nd. 1891.

Hon. Horatio N. Rusk,

Celton, Cal.

My dear Sir:- I find in one of the drawers of my desk quite a
number of letters unanswered, placed there several months ago until
I should return from some absence. Yours enclosing a quantity of
Indian children's letters among them. It is, perhaps, too late to
make any use of the children's letters now.

I am greatly obliged for your favorable opinions of my report.
I feel more and more assured that we are making a mistake in our
policy to the Indian by any methods to hold them together as tribes
and peoples. Our every aim should be to take the Indian out of his
ignorance and savagery into intelligence and civilization. I attri
bute all our failures to civilize the Indian to the fact that our
efforts are continually towards lifting them up as masses on their
own ground while permitting them to enjoy their own old life. I
very much fear that all of our efforts in the Indian department
will come back to curse us in the future. They are certainly not
on the proper lines of American principles which have done so much
for all other peoples throughout the whole of our history.

VOL. 19

July 2nd, 1892.

J. R. Wood, Esq.,
G. P. A.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Girl:

My matron in charge of small boy, Mrs. Dr. Gitten,
and her little boy of 10, and my music teacher, Miss Anna
Moore, wish to spend their two months vacation at Holton, Kans.
going by way of Chicago and stopping off for a few days there
to see relatives. The agent of the Atchison & Topeka
visited us recently and agreed to give very special rates
between Chicago and Kansas City and to write me about it. I
propose to ask you to do what you can for them between here
and Chicago and return. It is not practicable to give
them two whole tickets and a half. Indian rate, round trip,
good for two months, from here to Kansas City, by way of Chi-
icago. They wish to leave here on the 7th. Please advise
me at once on receipt of this, and, if such is practicable,
send the tickets here and I will remit for the same.

Very respectfully,
R.H. Pratt

VOL. 19

July 2nd, 1891.

Mr. Mr. P. Campbell,
Oneida, Vt.

Dear Mr. Campbell

Yours of 30th from Oneida just received.
In regard to Dennison, Capt. Canfield is building very strong
on his going to Fort Totten, and I would not like to have it
appear, in any way, that I had encouraged anything different,
however much I would like to have Dennison here. If on the
ground of able taking a higher course in Dickinson he should
come here, I would not stand in his way, and, of course, I am
guite willing to give him the best. The salary, of course,
would not be much, especially if he attended Dickinson. If
Dennison should determine to come here, why would not John
Elm go to Fort Totten? Canfield at Ft. Totten has a fight
on hands with the catholics and needs help, and I rather hope
that Dennison will take kindly to his invitation to come
there.

In regard to Peter, it seems to me he has reached
such mature years as to make it rather inconsistent that he
should go on with his schooling. If he wanted to come back

VOL. 19

Parsnepal

July 8th, 1901.

Gen. J. S. Morgan,

Dear General:

Mr. Standing took some time to consider your proposition. He decided that, inasmuch as he will be situated to educate his children, and his wife's health is better here than it was in the West, that he had better stay here.

I enclose to you copy of a letter received yesterday from Mr. Campbell. He also meets with Catholic opposition at Oumida; however, we have strong forces there and he expects to bring away a good party. The Johan family spoken of have three girls here. Mr. Gordon has two boys and has sent the money to pay their transportation home. We are continually disturbed by the influence of Rome on the La Court de Oretille reservation. However, we can stand it and the more they show their hand the better.

It looks as though Benjamin Sherlock would return to Carlisle for the course in Dickinson College which was offered to him before he left us to go home. There is no reason why he should not take a thorough college course.

VOL. 19

To J. M., 2d

I have been thinking over one point of the Civil
service rules, which I do not remember to have seen covered.
It seems to me there ought to be a provision in the rules
allowing an old and faithful employee of the government, who
for some cause may have gone out of the service for a time,
to return to it without the circumscription of a civil ser-
vice examination. If there is anything we need in the
Indian service it is experience. A little "learning" with
such experience gets a great way in many cases, - witness Mr.
Bogar, - put him through a civil service examination, or re-
quire him to answer one of your many question documents, and
he would stand no show whatever of getting into the service,
and yet, by his long experience, he is one of the most useful
men we have.

Thanks for the prompt and full authority for
blacksmith shop and office. I shall push them. Hope to
get the steam plant plans down early in the week.

I am now satisfied that we shall save at least
$2,000 a year in fuel, aside from the comfort and relief from
exposure of our firemen, traveling from one end of the grounds
to the other constantly in cold weather night and day.

Do you remember that I asked for $2,000 of the
stock for schools appropriation to buy cows with, as soon as

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

1st Lieut. W. W. Wotherapoon, 12th Inf.,

In charge of Indian prisoners,

Mt. Vernon Sks., Ala.

Dear Sir!- It seems now that the young men from San Carlos Agency whom I had thought of as possibly enlisting for your regimen have now settled down here for another year, and I trust the reason I had for thinking of their enlistment may not occur again.

I congratulate you on your success with the whiskey people. Talking with Major Swain of the Adjutant General's Department about that a few days ago it seems to have been a victory over the Judge Advocate's Department as well. They said you could not do it under the law, which only shows that even high legal authorities may be mistaken.

I am glad that we have Susie here. She is modest, good tempered and I believe will improve rapidly. She makes the fourth Indian girl taken by army officers and trained to household duties without having her education attended to that we have now in the school, and singularly enough she is the third having the same experiences, the other two, however, without fruit. One sent well advanced in years has been with us now five years and has greatest difficulty in material progress in the knowledge of reading writing and arithmetic. Two of the others are exceptionally bright making excellent progress.

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

Rev. U. Y. Swengel,

229 King St.,
York, Pa.

My dear Friend:- I thank you for the kind letter concerning
your visit to our school and appreciating our commencement exercise
I really am doing very little to help the Indian cause as I look at
it. It has been a long hard fight to secure even this small recognition of my long formed opinion that our duty as Americans to the
Indians demands that we take them out of savagery and ignorance
into civilization and intelligence, and to do this at all bodily
as
removal from their past is necessary as mental removal. It is
necessary that the removal be permanent in both cases.

VOL. 19

179

July 3rd 1891.

Stacey Matlock,

Y. M. C. A. Convention,
Northfield, Mass.

My dear Stacey!- Thank you for your very pleasant letter telling me of your journey, your arrival, your surroundings and Mr. Moody's talk. I only wish I were with you all and could take the two week's experiences that you are receiving. I am very sure it would be invaluable to me.

The home party got away day before yesterday, sixty-three, so that we are now quite thinned out here. The new walks have been commenced and I have authority for the new blacksmith shop and office building both of which will be begun I hope when you return.

Give my love to Chaneoy, Phillip and Robert and thank them for me for their good letters. Get all the good you can out of Northfield and come back to help us with the inspiration all through next year. Please give my cordial regards to Mr. Moody and say that Capt. Pratt thanks him for asking his Indian boys to Northfield

Faithfully your friend,

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

Clarence Three Stars,

Pine Ridge Agency,

South Dakota.

Dear Clarence:- Sam Flying Horse, like most Indian boys and girls too, and I don't know but what I might say white boys and girls as well, found his money burning his pocket so he spent it all. He tells me that some man at the Agency was to send him five dollars, which he owed him, and that when he gets that he will send it to you. Perhaps you had better write him about it. If he doesn't pay in the course of two or three months drop me a note again about it and I will probably be able to manage it for you.

We reached Carlisle safely and pleasantly. I have been to Washington since and the Commissioner promised me that he would appoint you a trader at Pine Ridge.

I write Mrs. Graham in regard to Nellie Moore by this mail.

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

Chauncey Yellow Robe,

Y. M. C. A. Convention,

Northfield, Mass.

My dear Chauncey:- In reading your nice letter I seem to have traveled from here to New York, New London and Northfield and to be encamped with you and to hear the good words you hear and to be in the pleasant associations you are enjoying. What a grand opportunity you have. I have no doubt it will make the whole current of your life flow on in very much better lines than it would have flowed had you not had these privileges.

I trust all of you are taking full notes of what transpires and are getting yourselves completely filled with the spirit of the place so that you may bring back to us and give to us throughout the coming year something of what you are enjoying. I have just written to Stacey, who will permit you to see his letter of what transpires here.

With love to all,

VOL. 19

182

July 3rd 1891.

Miss L. A. Shears,

Sharon, Conn.

My dear Miss Shears:- I have always intended to answer your letter so have kept it in my drawer of letters to be answered where from time to time it has stared me in the face and reminded me of my neglect, only to be put off for a more convenient season each time.

I have often wondered how you were getting on with your music. I trust successfully in every way and that you have a promise of a properous career.

You have, undoubtedly heard frequently from Carlisle and I can
not add to the news. Just now we have Marion here with her dear
baby and husband. Mrs. Jennings, who has become tired of Birmingham
and the south and intends to live north hereafter, is also with us
for a while.

We are placing granolithic walks all over the grounds here,
and are to have a new office building on the site of the old chapel
it will be of brick and two stories high. Also to heat our build-
ings from a boiler house located at the railroad siding, and a new
blacksmith and wagon shop, an addition to the hospital and a very
large barn at the Parker Farm.

Sixty-three students left us for the west day before yesterday
but we have seven hundred and twenty-two left.

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

George Nyruah,

Ft. Bowie, Ariz.

My dear friend George:- Your letter telling me of your enlistment and the enlistment of Donald in K troop (you did not say what regiment) is received and I am obliged to you for the information you gave me about yourself and other returned students of Carlisle.

I am very very sorry to know that Modock Wind is in trouble.
So far as I know he did not forge any checks at Carlisle and was
altogether a fairly good young man.

Sixty-three of our students left for home day before yesterday no Apaches I am glad to say. They have made up their minds to stay one more year at least.

We are making great improvements at the school this year, - enlarging the girls quarters; erecting a new office building where the old chapel stood; making a nice large blacksmith shop; putting good stone walls over the grounds; and we are going to put up a house at the coal siding and make arrangements to heat all the buildings from there so that the fireman will not have to run all over the grounds in the winter time. We are also putting up one of the largest barns in the county on the Parker Farm.

I hope George, that you will be an honest, faithful and obedient soldier so as to be an honor to yourself and your poor Apache people. It is a good chance to show that you are a man of intelligence and purpose.

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

Ulysses G. Paisano,

Laguna, New Mexico.

My dear Ulysses:-- I have intended to write you ever since
receiving your good letter of May 7th, but as you know my time is
so taken up with many duties that I am not able to do all that my
heart wishes to do.

Before you receive this you will have met the returned student
who should reach Laguna Sunday morning. They can tell you how
everything is going on at Carlisle and I shall only now say that I
most sincerely hope your health has greatly improved and that you
feel strong in your intention to return to Carlisle in the fall and
going forward at least to graduation.

My very best love to your brother William and our good Mary.

VOL. 19

July 3rd 1891.

Otto Zotem,

Anadarho, Ind. Ter.

My dear Otto! - When the time comes for school to open the first of September if you find your health quite restored I will make no objection to your return to Carlisle. You had better write me fully how you are and your wishes about the matter in August.

I thank you for your good letter and all the information it contains. I believe the Bible principle is the true one, the Lord asked the young man, you know, to sell all he had and come and follow him. In another place he said, - "He that forsaketh not father and mother and house; and lands is not worthy of me." We shall meet with no material success in bringing the Indians into their proper place in the world until their young men and young women beare willing to be individuals and stand alone and fight the battle of life in civilization. If that day never comes then the day of true manhood and womanhood for Indians will never come.

Faithfully your friend,

VOL. 19

July 4th 1891.

Supt. Lincoln Institute,

Phila., Pa.

Dear Sir:- I enclose to you a letter received from White Horn, Pawhuska, Ok., Ter., in regard to Edna and Prudie Eagle Feather.

I trust you will respond to this letter at once.

July 4th 1891.

White Horn,

Pawhuska, Ok., Ter.

Dear Sir:- I have written to the superintendent of Lincoln Institute, Philadelphia, and forwarded your letter and asked him to reply at once. It is very strange they did not reply to you.

I have not heard from Edna or Prudie for a long time and can therefore give you no information.

VOL. 19

July 4th 1891.

Robert Matthew,
Y. M. C. A. Convention,
Northfield, Mass.

My dear Robert:-Yours was the first note I received from the
absent boys. I have been very busy or would have answered immed-
iately. I wrote full letters to Stacey and Chauncey and these
letters must pass around among you. Now glad I am that you went
to Northfield instead of the Paunce reservation! It may and will
change your whole life for the better.

July 4th 1891.

James Bell,
Braggs, Ind., Ter.

My dear James:- I have your letter asking me to allow you to
return to Carlisle. If you come to Carlisle at your own cost for
transportation I will take care of you and do all I can to help you
in your desire to get an education.

VOL. 19

189

July 4th 1891.

William F. Canfield,

Ft. Totten,

North Dakota.

My dear Mr. Canfield:-I have just written Mr. Potter to tell you in regard to Dennison Wheelock. I have urged him to go to you but should he come back to Carlisle for a course in Dickinson College, which is open to him I could not of course refuse to aid him as I agreed to before he left Carlisle for home.

Bustace Eapoyet will go to you when I get your notice, and I
shall hope that he will give satisfaction.

July 4th 1891.

John B. Wood,

310 Chestnut St.,

Philadelphia.

My dear Mr. Wood:-I received the box of papers, tracks and books. I will notice in the next Red Man "Haydock's Testimony", as you desire. I have given a copy to each of the three libraries and kept one myself to read, the others are placed where they can be sold if purchasers wish.

VOL. 19

July 4th 1891.

Peter Silas,

De Pore, Wis.

My dear Friend:- Johnson Webster determined for himself to
stick to his opportunities for getting an education. I trust that
however hard it may be for you to do without him you will, while he
has this chance, bring yourself to encourage him. Our whole diffie-
ulty in educating the Indian youth is in holding them to any system
of education until they are sufficiently advanced to be of any good

VOL. 19

192

July 4th 1891.

T. W. Potter,

Ft. Totten,

North Dakota.

My dear Mr. Potter:- The home party left day before yesterday
sixty-three in number, Eva one of them. Eva graduated from the
high school of Carlisle with credit to herself and her race. She
made warm friends with all her class-mates and instructors. We are
pushing now very considerable improvements and shall be as busy as
bees all through vacation. Authority came yesterday for a new
office building to be located on the site of the old chapel; men
are at work on the granolithic walks; we have authority for a new
blacksmith shop; the frame of the large barn at the Parker Farm is
about up; we expect to put in a bank of steam boilers at the coal
house on our siding to heat all the buildings from that one source.

Your letter in regard to the priests and Catholics is conform
ed by a letter from Mr. Campbell last night of their course at La
Pointe Agency, Odanah, and Lae Court d'Oreilles. They have made
some show of patching up a truce with the Commissioner but nobody
places any confidence in them. They have but one watch-word,-
"rule or ruin."

Mr. Campbell, who is at Oneida for pupils, writes that Dennison
is anxious for a college course and wants to return to Carlisle and
attend Dickinson as was planned before he went home. I have written

VOL. 19

2.
him urging him to go to Fort Totten.

Rustace Esapoyet came to me yesterday saying that he was afraid to undertake the tailor work up there, that he did not have enough education, nor did he know his trade well enough. I told him to make use of his time from this until we heard from Mr. Canfield, in learning those parts of his trade he does not feel strong in and be ready to go when sent for, and I think he will be all right when called for.

With regards to Mr. Canfield.

July 4th 1891.

Steven Guittar,

Decatur,

Bert Co., Neb.

My dear Mr. Guittar:- It is not practical nor is it best I think to make a break in the school life of Emily or Lucy under any of the circumstances you urge. Both are doing so well and the future of both is of so much importance to both them and you and I feel it would not be right even were it possible to secure their return. We must some how push the children along to higher and better things. You can understand this as well as I and while everything is favorable here for your children I trust you will be satisfied with the situation, and if necessary, to stick and push ahead.

VOL. 19

194

July 4th 1891.

Miss S. A. Mather,

St. Augustine, Fla.

My dear Friend:- I am using Nana to write. A course in busi-
ness and shorthand in Philadelphia has equipped her for not only muc
better help to herself, I trust, through life, but as a help to me.
I know you will not object to my writing you thus. My correspond-
ence and duties have multiplied so that I am compelled to resort to
many helps in order to even partly and imperfectly meet the demands
upon me.

All winter long I thought of dear old St. Augustine and of you
and Miss Perit, and I anticipated and expected to see you before
the winter closed but one important demand after another followed
in such continuous succession as to make me put off until winter
and this year's opportunities passed. Now the vacation for the
school has arrived but brings no vacation for me.

We have under way a large addition to the girl's quarters and
a new office building 50X50, two stories high; a barn 68x120 feet (
(think of it); new blacksmith and wagon shop 41x70; an addition to
the hospital, 50x38, two stories high; and granolithic or made
stone walks throughout the grounds. Also new steam heating by a
bank of boilers to be located at our coal house at the siding at
the railroad, from which point we intend to carry steam and heat al
the buildings on the grounds. These you will admit will be quite

VOL. 19

2.

enough to keep me busy for the next two or three months.

Just now we have at our house our dear Marion and her dear baby and husband, also Mrs. Jennings from Birmingham, Alabama, who is tired of the south and has come north for good, together with Nana, Richenda, Mrs. Pratt and myself to make our home life quite pleasant.

Day before yesterday we returned to western homes sixty-three students but we still have seven hundred and twenty-two, four hundred and fifty one whom are out in families for the summer. Four of our boys, two Sioux and two Pawnee, who a few years ago were raw material are at Mr. Moody's summer school for Y. M. C. A. at Northfield. I enclose you a letter from one of them, a Sioux.

It would be pleasant to hear from you. With best love from us all to Miss Perit and yourself.

VOL. 19

July 6th 1891.

William B. Harvey,

West Grove, Pa.

My dear Mr. Harvey:- I shall endeavor to come down to look at
the cattle you speak of within the next fortnight, but it will not
be practicable for us to take care of them for probably two months
yet. Our barn goes up very slowly. What I want is good milkers,
young ones of course. I am gradually weeding out our old stock now.
It is not so important that they are even high grade much less re-
gistered. Your judgement and aid will be invaluable to me in se-
curing what I need. In accordance with your preference I shall
endeavor to come down Wednesday or Thursday the 15th or 16th. The
upper portion of the frame of our barn is just now going up.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Harvey, Richard and all,

VOL. 19

199

July 6th 1891.

Solomon Bibo,

Cubero, New Mexico,

My dear Mr. Bibo:- James Garcia is so thoroughly determined to remain here another year that I don't feel it just right under the Commissioner's orders to compell him to return home. The Acomas have heard of the treatment some of the returned pupils have received and do not feel at all anxious for it to be repeated upon them.

Annie Thomas is here for the summer and what to do with her I am not entirely sure. She feels anxious to go ahead and graduate from the college at Alma, Mich., where she has been in attendance for two years. She is certainly improved and has become quite a young lady and yet is willing to take hold of the labor affairs of life.

The Acomas are in good health and making as I think excellent progress.

VOL. 19

July 6th 1891.

Rev. W. J. Cleveland,
Madison, South Dakota.

My dear Cleveland:- I send to you by this mail one hundred photographs, which are billed to you at the rate we have to pay and is as cheap as they could be had from the photographer. At the close of your sale you can return me those unsold, if you like. They will be credited.

I heard of your ramblings in Dakota and also in the east and occasionally saw some of your utterances which made me rather anticipate that you would drop in upon us.

We have gained some both in numbers and in improvements and are contemplating large improvements this year, and shall probably spend forty thousand dollars in enlarging and improving our accommodations here. This year we closed with seven hundred and twenty-two papils remaining after the home parties were sent away. Others are on the way to bring us up to eight hundred which is about what we shall carry the ensuing year.

I was at Pine Ridge a fortnight ago for four days. The ghost dance and military operations up there have set those Indians back ten to a dozen years.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Cleveland in which Mrs. Pratt
loves heartily,

VOL. 19

202

July 1st, 1891.

To the Adjutant General, U. S. A.,
Washington, D. C.

Sir!

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of this school under the provisions of the Act of Congress, approved June 27th, - per S. &. A. No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O. August 28th, and letter of instruction from the Hon. Secretary of the Interior, dated September 6th, - all 1870s.

My address for the next month is as above.

Very respectfully,

v. Your cbt. serut.,

Sept. 10th day's.

VOL. 19

July 8th, 1891.

Gen. T. J. Morgan,

Commissioner Indian Affairs,
Washington.

Dear General:-I return your letter to Father Chappelle after
having made copy. It is the letter of a general. Never was posi-
tion more righteously taken and never, in my judgement, should it
be more strictly adhered to.

The history of four years Catholic domination in the Indian
Office has not yet been laid before the public. There are telling
instances against them of most outrageous wrong doing. Take the
school at Albuquerque. The Presbyterians established a mission
school there about 1880. Gradually under the system, which still
pesters, it became a Government school under Presbyterian control,
and Presbyterian influence procured the donation of land on which
the present school is located. The Government gave buildings and
the Presbyterians added others. When Oberly went in as Superintend-
ent he at once labored to oust the Presbyterians and finally suc-
ceeded, on the ground that no Government Indian school should be
under sectarian management. But immediately he placed the school
under Catholic control and the children were marched in mass every
Sunday to the Catholic church for religious training, - not only that
but instead of being marched to the English church in new Albuquer-
que, where such of the services as they might understand would be

VOL. 19

2.

in the language of the country, they were marched to the Spanish church in old Albuquerque in order that the pronounced principles of the Catholic hierarchy in New Mexico, that the Indians must learn the Spanish instead of the English language, should prevail. Dr. Kendall could give you the facts if they are not already on file in the Bureau.

I am more and more convinced that we are in for a campaign
with the Catholics and must either whip out or be whipped out. In
this case the wheat and the tares cannot possibly grow together
Else there will be no wheat.

Mr. Mrs. Campbell arrive to-day noon with twelve boys and fourteen girls from Oneida. This addition, with McConville's nine from Lapwai, and Conway's three from Pawnee, will bring our total to seven hundred and sixty, nearly what it was before school closed.

Our total out is four hundred and eighty-nine. So far the
general results are equal to if not better than any previous year,
necessarily we have a few failures but those are quite as often due
to faulty patrons as to faulty pupils.

I wish I knew at once whether you intend to give places in the
west to Farmer Bennett and his wife.

VOL. 19

July 8th, 1891.

Paul Cook,

a/o W. & L. E. Gurley,

Truy, M. Y.

My dear friend:

I have yours of July 6th and its enclosed $25 to aid our school work. I can assure you that it is pleasant to have you remember us so substantially and especially pleasant to hear from you again. I have always been hoping that we would see you at Carlisle. The school work goes on growing rapidly. After sending our home goers away, we had 722 left for the new year, and the others who have arrived will bring us to 748. With the kindness of Congress we are adding very extensive improvements to one of the largest barns in the county: new blacksmith and axen shop; new office building; an addition to the hospital; I hope, a plant to heat the whole school from one source; also grand-lithic walks throughout the grounds. These, with an average of perhaps 800 students, the ensuing year, will be as much as we could expect in any one year.

What I want outside help for now is to release us from a debt on the gymnasium and to help support a few pupils

VOL. 19

TELEGRAM.

Carlsbad, July 9, 1891.

Joseph Baird,

DePere, Wis.

Nicholas Huff brought your wife to Mr. Campbell, and said she was 16, that she was your wife, you had already and refused to support her, he sent her to Carlsbad and could take care of your claim. She says she lived with you six months and during that time you made her do all the cooking, washing and drudging for yourself and father's family (7 persons) that you never bought her a single article of clothing, that you would not allow her to visit her own home, that you finally drove her away from your father's house where she lived with you and that you knew she was at her father's house for two months and you entirely neglected her. She beares with tears to be kept from you. You had better have her father restore her to you.

Pratt, Capt.

Collect.

VOL. 19

208

July 8th, 1891.

The Honorable,
The Comr. of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D. C.

SINCE

Replying to your letter of July 8th, marked "Education, 23513," I have to respectfully inform you that Henry Keeke came here in October 1895, ran away three days afterwards, was gone a month and was then recaptured in the mountains, about 75 miles west of here. I then learned from his father that he had been a thoroughly incorrigible boy at home whom they were not able to keep either in the agency or mission school. His father, by letter, informed me that he could stay here until he was well educated and was from time to time glad to know of Henry's improvement. He has advanced fairly well and has become a thoroughly good reliable boy. Uninfluenced from home, his desire is to stay at Carlisle, but the man Quinn, with whom I have had some correspondence, seems unable to let him rest here. Were his father living there would be no obstacle in the boys way to continuing his education. In my judgment, it is not best for

VOL. 19

July 10th, 1801.

Harry Kehpay,

Palmesey, End. I'le

My dear Harrys

I have your letter. It is all right for
Joe Big Wolf to come back with you and go into our printing
office. In regard to yourself, I have already arranged
with the president of the college. I spent a night with him recently and was very
much pleased with the beautiful plane and the outlook; he
said he would take one or two of our boys. Cooper, Morgan
was with me and esteemed it an extra good chance; so I then
and there mentally resolved to send you there. However,
when you come back here we will determine fully about it.
Missutter says you can enter there and get on all right.
Talk to Agent Miles about the children and whenever he is
ready and lets me know how many tickets are wanted I will
send them for you. If things are as you say about the
agency it would be just as well you do not stay the full
vacation time. We are so full of work here, I should be

VOL. 19

July 10th, 1891.

William Palamed,

Laguna, N. M.

Dear William:

After my letter of May 28th was written to you, Mildred Ebbich very strongly determined not to go home and insist that she should remain, at least, a year more for higher education, and that she wanted to go to the country for the summer. This being in accord with the instructions of the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, I permitted her to go to the country with the understanding that she should remain here for another year. I do not see how I can well change that plan, nor does it seem to me at all best to change it. Mildred has done well in school and her own wishes ought to prevail, not only with the authorities in Washington but with her parents.

215

VOL. 19

216

July 10th, 1891.

Clara Faber,

Grand River, Ind. T'y.

My dear Clara,

Your letter is received. I am glad to know
that you desire to continue your education and pleased with
your expressions in regard to what has been done for you here.
It seems to me, now that you have gotten so far through, that
your father might help you to the best he can. Outside finds
have not come to me as liberally as they used to and I do not
able to do all that I would. About another party of children,
It is not important as we are pretty well filled up again
and others are coming to us from the tribes more needly.
However, I would not stand in the way of a small party, should
suitable pupils be offered.

Gordially, your friend,

Capt. & Surg't.

VOL. 19

July 18th, 1891.

Col. Walter G. Marmou,

Laguna, N. M.

Dear Girl

Jean Matis came to me and said that she had made up her mind to stay one year more. I said to her that that was, as I thought, best and right. There is much more involved in the action of the Department in reference to holding on to children and trying to give them something of an education that will make them really useful, than the interests of the Lagunas alone. It is perfectly evident that, with the exception of a very few tribes, the old Indians are determined that we shall raise a new crop of pure Indians. They are unwilling that their children should be different from themselves. We build up a little way and they tear down quickly, make it their business to do so. There is little safety for those we educate for five years only. If we can pull them through to graduation from a very low grade they can take care of themselves far better if not on the reservation off it. As you know, as well or better than I, it is a good deal a matter of force to get Indian youth into

VOL. 19

schools at any time and anywhere. They do not patronize
the open day or board the schools willingly except in very
few of the tribes. In most of the tribes, the police force
is in constant requisition to keep the children in school.
So, therefore, under any circumstances, do violence to the
rights of the parents. The Governor has taken the
ground that the harm we do the Indians is not in keeping our
obligations and sending them back at the end of three or five
years, but it is in not giving children a sufficient education
and allowing them to accumulate a quantity of showing sufficient
to enable them to stand alone. My remark to Matilda
was more intended to cover the whole ground than the special
ground. I have in fact written so many letters on this line
to meet the trichology of priests and some others, who constantly
believe us and the government with charges of bad faith, etc.,
that I unwittingly said what I did in reference to some white
men, without thinking of its import to you, your brother
and Mr. Pradt, for whom, as you have reason to know, I enter-
tain a warm personal feeling.

I am perfectly willing to let Jean Matilda go home,-
was quite willing to let her go home before she determined to
the contrary herself. I will make her go home now if it is to

VOL. 19

218

W. G. M., S.

still thought by you and her father that that is the best thing to do, but she cannot well return until she finishes her engagement in the country, which will be in September. Girls and boys who wish to remain and go into the country were permitted to do that with the distinct understanding that they should remain until school reassembled in the fall, and it is right she should keep this agreement.

On all essential points there is no difference between you and me in our attitude of the situation, nor to there material difference between you and the Congress of Indian Affairs. If he has yielded from positions that he took in the start of his administration in reference to doing away with Catholic preponderance, it has been because Congress complied with him to do so against his wishes; it was against his protest that Congress passed laws establishing new Catholic schools which he had refused to contract for. The Catholic lobby in Washington is a powerful organization and many of our Congressional timbres at its behest. In order that you may know something of what is going on, and of the Commissioner's complicated surroundings, I enclose to you copy of a letter of which he forwarded me a copy recently for my information.

In all this holding on to pupils I have felt, and

VOL. 19

July 18th, 1892.

Miss Ida Johnston,

Baxter Springs, Kansas.

Dear Miss Johnston:

I shall do just what I said I would in a former letter, - stand by you for a course in a Normal School. Millersville, where Clara Pomeroy, is considered the best in this State. Geni. Morgan thinks a great deal of the State Normal School at Georgetown, K. S., but I doubt if it is any better than Millersville. Bring all you can and arrange for as much help as you can and I will do the rest. It will be impossible for us to rely upon the Government for any portion. The Secretary has ruled against using appropriations for higher education. He claims that the duty of the Govt. is performed when it has given a Grammar School education to any of the Indian youth. The course to which I could make the government help you would be in Metzger Institute, Carlisle. In that case you could do as Eva did, - board at the school and a small sum for your schooling and books would be all that would be needed. The best families of Carlisle are patrons of this school and it might suit you,

VOL. 19

P. J. O. L.

July 15th, 1891.

Gen'l. T. J. Morgan,

Comr. of Indian Affairs,

Washington, D. C.

Mr. dear General:

I return the letter of Rev. Priest Chap-
polis, which could be good were it truthful, and if it is to
be the policy of the government, and if catholics could be
relied upon. Many of his statements in regard to co-oper-
tion with present and past administrations are belied by the
facts, and the premises, to my mind, amount to nothing.
They are driven to bay by your well entrenched flat and there
is no escape except coming to knees as they do. It has been
the settled policy of the Catholic Bureau to belittle and
demotee and intrigue against every Govt. school effort. They
never have hesitated and do not hesitate now to tell their
Indians that it is better to do without education entirely
than to be educated in any other than catholic schools. It
is one incessant round of writing here to circumvent priestly
letters written to me or to children at this school breeding
discontent, struggling to get them home, and so on. I have
tried in my hands now from two parents at Lac Court de Oreille

VOL. 19

T. J. M., 2a.

to pay the transportation of their children home, and I am informed by Mr. Campbell that the families of these children have been denied church privileges by the priest until they do get their children back. Priests have told me personally that Indian children had better remain in ignorance than to be educated in any other than catholic schools. I consider it as impossible for the two systems of school to harmonize as it is for water and oil to mix.

What I most fear in all this is that you may, under the plausible statements of this letter and its preceding character, yield your point and thereby more firmly fix the grip of catholicism. It seems to me that the issue has been made at the right time upon the right point and that it will compel a final settlement by Congress. That they are scared is evident. Keep them so. Your declining a personal interview is admirable.

Their educational movement amounted to nothing until the beginning of the Cleveland administration. You may go back and investigate and if you can get at the facts you will find that though they carried on a large mission work they were practically against education. until there was money

in it.

Respectfully & sincerely yours,

VOL. 19

July 18th, 1891.

William B. Harney,
West Point, Pa.

My dear friends:

Since writing you that I would go down
to-morrow to see you, a letter from the Commissioner of Indian
Affairs informs me that the Interior Department will probably
not grant my request to purchase any but ordinary cheap
and advise me to come to Washington and see if I can arrange
it. I accordingly go down tomorrow instead of coming to
your place and shall have to defer my visit to you until this
matter is settled.

232

VOL. 19

240

July 16th, 1901.

C. S. Meehock,

Cairo, Is.

My dear Charley,

I suppose there never was a time of common
age, when bearing responsibilitytions please again as he did not
feel his ownstanding, but if he had common sense and per-
severance to hold on and do it nobly up to the situation.
I can see very plainly how it would with you. We have under-
taken a great deal for so long, a time end of course you feel
yourself responsible to the situation. There is strength in the
fact that you do feel responsible to us. My notion about it is
that it should be far better for you to remain and fight the
battle out, and as you fill your place you will grow in your
education by experience far more rapidly than you could
theoretically were you here at this school. Your deficiency
in general knowledge can be made up by reading very largely.
Certainly, in some lines you there must be libraries. You
could take a good paper or two, - I would suggest a weekly.
Any of the great dailies publish weekly papers in connection.

VOL. 19

July 10th, 1901.

W. E. Buckner,

Dept. Indian Industrial School,

Genoa, N.Y.

Dear Sirs:

Replying to your letter of July 9th in relation to re-
ligions instruction, I have to respectfully advise you that
I have made it a point at Carlisle to give catholic students
exceptional privileges to attend the instructions of their
church, the girls always having under care. I have several
catholic employees and when they are not available I require
the priest to send some responsible lay member to care for
the girls to and from. Our catholic girls go to their
Sunday school, as well as the boys, but we do not allow girls
who belong to other churches to attend their Sunday
schools in town. Out of five private stations in Carlisle
during the history of the school only one was at all a worthy
man. The others, except the one now here, were removed for
some reason. I invited the one good one to take regular turns at
giving religious instruction to the school on Sunday after
noons, he however declined and said he was satisfied if he

VOL. 19

evening we have a prayer and praise service, at which all students are required to be present, quite often led by one of the students. I would suggest that if the priest is at all worthy of his place, you invite him to take charge of a proportion of the services of the whole school, if you have a regular Sunday service so may do. He will, undoubtedly, decline, because he will not want to seem to be in competition with orthodox ministers. If, in addition, you give him charge of such of his flock as you may have under care, when it does not interfere with your school routine, he can have no cause of complaint.

The government is neither catholically protective, and I have always freely welcomed every denomination to take a part in our service. Although there is a Lutheran minister serving us just now, if an episcopal or any other ecclesiastical prominent minister were visiting to the town, even a worthy catholic, and I should find that he would care to or be willing to take charge of our Sunday afternoon services, I should certainly invite him to do so, and my regular chaplain would cheerfully give ways.

VOL. 19

250

July 16th, 1901.

Mr. Gordon,

Chief of Police,
Reserve, N.Y.

Dear Sir,

I find that your money came while I was about in Delaware and was put into an envelope in the safe. Your sons are in good health; they are as well combated as you could expect them to be. There is no reason, outside of your wishes, that they should go home. It means a loss of $60 or more to you, which it seems to me would be better invested in cattle or hogs, or something that would increase in value, for the benefit of the boys, than expended in Railroad force. My conclusion is that they had better stay here and we will try to do them good. They are good, well behaved, mainly lads and if you give them time until I am sure please you with their attalments. The $60 is credited to the boys but will not be allowed to be expended unless you authorize it and will be returned to you if you direct.

VOL. 19

TELEGRAM.

Heebner & Sons,

Lansdale, Pa.

Sept. 1, 1891.

When will enstage cutter and carrier be shipped. Wanted
now. Pratt, Capt.

TELEGRAM.

Dr. E. B. Palmer,

Normal School,

Predonia, N. Y.

Sept. 1, 1891.

I send one of my best girls, Annie Thomas, by to-night's train. She should reach Predonia to-morrow evening by way of Corry.

Pratt, Capt.

VOL. 19

419

Sept. 2nd, 1891.

To The Adjutant,

10th U. S. Cav'y.,

Fort Grant, Ariz.

Sir:

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of this school under the provisions of the Act of Congress, approved June 27th, - per S. O. No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O., August 23rd, and letter of instruction from the Honorable Secretary of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

Capt. 10th Cav'y.

VOL. 19

September 4th, 1891.

Miss L. E. Alexander,

Carlisle, Pa.

Madam:

Yours of yesterday, stating land is not for sale, received. I am quite as well satisfied, as I would have trouble in convincing those who help me that the price was at all consistent under any emergency of our want. In order that you may be settled in the matter, as I am, I entirely withdraw the offer made and advise you that it is more than I shall offer again, or ever be willing to pay.

VOL. 19

TELEGRAM.

Sept. 9th, 1891.

D. O. Van Clevé,

603 5th Street, S. E.,

Minneapolis, Minn.

Eddie and companion reach Minneapolis eight ten A. M.

Friday. Baggage checked to Great Falls but will be de-
livered at Minneapolis presenting checks on arrival.

Pratt,

Capt.

VOL. 19

424

September 14th, 1891.

Mrs. Martha Alvord,
College Park, Md.

Dear Mrs. Alvord:-

Send the girls here as soon as you are through with them.
We can take care of them of course. It will be towards the end of
October before the building is ready but I have canvassed the upper
porch which accommodates forty, and can canvas the second porch
which can take as many more. Use the girls until you are yourself
through and satisfied, and then send them here. Have no reluctance
about it in any way. It will be all right.

VOL. 19

425

September 14th, 1891.

J. H. Meter,
Supt. Ogalalla Boarding School,
Pine Ridge Agency,
South Dakota.

Dear Sir:-

I have yours in reference to American Horse's wishes and
have answered him at Cheyenne Agency as he desired. Jemima is the
daughter of the cast off wife of American Horse, and her mother has
been asking for her through the Agent and Department. I had con-
cluded that as soon as she came in from her summer outing to send
her to Pine Ridge as much as she is quite matured.

Trusty that you may meet with a prosperous year in your
new field, I am,

VOL. 19

426

September 14th, 1891.

Frank D. Lewis,
#125 Temple St.,
Los Angeles, Cal.

My dear Sir:-

I know nothing of the Mr. Esterly you speak of. If he is
recommended by the Baptists his chances will be especially good
just now. You can learn his Army record by writing to the Adjutant
General at Washington. If he has a West Point education and suffici-
ient character to gain from the Baptists the presidency of one of
their colleges it seems to me that his reputation is sufficiently
established.

VOL. 19

427

September 14th, 1891.

Wm. G. Walker,
Government Farmer,
La Pointe Agency,
Odanah, Wis.

Dear Sir:-

If you can endorse the two Morrison boys as being healthy and good characters I will send tickets for them to such railroad point as you name and they can come here, but they must come with the full determination to stay and graduate. Our graduation point is about the grammar grade of the public schools of the different states and the length of the stay will be determined by the condition of their advancement in their studies and their ability to learn. But we do not want to incur the expense of bringing those here who with their parents are not sufficiently in earnest to reach that point without home going.

VOL. 19

September 14th, 1891.

J. R. Wood, G. P. A.

Dear Friend:-

Some time ago you were kind enough to give me trans-
portation hence to Logansport, Ind., for Mrs. Pratt and return tran-
portation for my mother. Mother is seventy-five years old and then
hesitated to take the trip. She now thinks that she can come and
I will be obliged if you would give me transportation for one from
here to Logansport and return and one from Logansport to Carlisle.

VOL. 19

429

September 14th, 1891.

Dr. E. Oram Lyte,
State Normal School,
Millersville, Pa.

My dear Dr. Lyte:-

Cecilia has not written one word to any of us here since
she went home but I understand from some students who came in from
that Agency lately that she does not intend to return east. Clara
Faber would be very glad indeed to return to Millersville and grad-
uate but my funds available for that purpose are exhausted and I
had to write her so. Cecilia's course is quite unaccountable, later
on she will probably see things differently.

VOL. 19

430

September 14th, 1891.

Geo. J. Forney,
Manager Standard Tool Co.,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I cannot imagine any business prospects you could offer
me in which I could engage. My time is fully occupied, but I am of
course, willing to hear anything you have to say.

Yours truly,

September 14th, 1891.

W. H. McCrea,
Sec. Co., Agric. Soc.,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Sir:

I thank you for the courtesy of complimentary tickets.

Yours truly,

VOL. 19

September 14th, 1891.

A. K. Smiley,
Mohonk Lake,
New York.

My dear Friend:-

I have yours, per Mr. LeRoy, of the 11th and will prepare a paper to read at the Conference as you desire. It is quite possible that Mrs. Pratt will be with me.

Miss M. Burgess and Miss E. L. Fisher are names I would suggest for invitations from here. If at all practicable I will bring a couple of students, probably girls, - possibly two boys and two girls if you wanted so many. What would you care to have them do? Chester Cornelius who represented Carlisle last year is at the Eastman College, Poughkeepsie, so near to you that he may care to be with you for a day at least, and he is one of the best Indians I know. Send him an invitation.

We have another through train from Carlisle over the Phila., and Reading to New England by way of Poughkeepsie which will shorten our line.

VOL. 19

September 14th, 1891.

Chas. Aubrey,
Black Feet Agency,
Piegan, Mont.

My dear Mr. Aubrey:-

You seem to have quite misunderstood my letter. There was
nothing paid for Alice's sleeper, I simply bought her a first-class
ticket ticket and the cost was $60.50. I bought her the first-class
ticket to keep her out of the smoking car, give her good accommoda-
tions and also invest her with the right of purchasing a sleeping
car ticket if she so desired, and had the money for it. Our Indian
rate which is second-class and which I take for all students ordina-
rily, is not far from $50.00, and I cannot imagine how you came to
think the rate so low unless it be that you think Alice should have
traveled on the half rate ticket.

I am glad to know of Alice's improvement and trust that
it may be not only continued but be permanent. Rose is in good
health apparently, and the children are happy now that school has
begun again.

September 14th, 1891.

Marie S. Analla,
Laguna, New Mexico.

My dear Marie:-

I am so sorry that you cannot return to Carlisle.

VOL. 19

September 14th, 1891.

Miss Mary E. Raymond,
Ogallala Boarding School,
Pine Ridge Agency,
South Dakota.

Dear Miss Raymond!

You have certainly had quite an adventure and many sensa-
tions this summer and fall. For one I should be sorry to have you
leave the Boarding School just now. Mr. Meter and his wife and
teachers are now to the Indians and the work there and in order that
there may be as little jarring as possible there ought to be of
course as few changes as possible in the service. The Indian ser-
vice and the school service in particular is constantly demoralized
by changes, the worst change of course are those that occur in the
higher positions. Almost every change of Commissioner is a calamity
for even a Commissioner will in two or three years learn many thing
that will enable him to carry forward the responsible duties of his
position more systematically, and of course it is the same with Agents
and Superintendents. My observation has always been that the in-
coming people, no matter how inexperienced, know best how things
should be done and it is a great cross to me and many others who
continue from year to year to be compelled to bear with their airy
projects until they have by experience got the nonsense knocked out
of them. While it is very for you to make the the sacrifice and be
compelled to bear with the almost indignities it is a magnificent

VOL. 19

434

opportunity for you to gain self control, patience and other qualities so necessary for us all in the varied cares of this life.

I do not feel that I can write more fully or say more than this. I sympathize with the situation fully and realize what you have to bear for the good of the Indian work. I shall hope that you may bring yourself to bear it.

It constantly presents itself to me that there is a strong under influence determined that nothing shall be done and that the Indian shall not only have as few chances as possible but shall pass out of existence entirely, for they can make it so.

I write Miss Egan by this mail. Mr. Standing has read my letter.

VOL. 19

435

September 14th, 1891.

Dr. Carlos Montezuma,
White Rock, Nev.

My dear Carlos:-

I can well understand how your anxiety must run out after
the children as my own has for years. What perplexes me is that the
nation at large is so apathic. Nearly forty years ago the children
about the slums at Five Points in New York attracted the sympathies
of good people. The missions and the Childrens Aid Society was
established the great feature of which was to get them out of and
away from their filthy surroundings. Millions of dollars in charities
have been spent in this purpose and at least two score of thousands
have been lifted out of these conditions and sent away from them
never to return. Parental claims were not considered as important.
When we come to deal with the Indian children the parental claims
are every thing, the future of the children nothing. We are truly
an inconsistent people.

I propose having our commencement in February and intend
if possible to make it the most distinguished we have ever had. I
want you here and want you to take five or six minutes for remarks,
sifted down, concentrated, the very quintessence of your best though
I will pay your expenses. It may be you can bring a little party
with you. I would be glad if they were brought in the rags and
takers of camp life and would be glad if they arrived just in the

VOL. 19

pick of time for you to make them in good come before the audience
and make your speech.

I am expecting to do something for the World's Fair, but
want all the money and attention the energy is going out on the
line of showing the Indians and Indians, their past is to be the
great feature and of course that will have great influence in lead-
ing people to think that their present and future are on the same
line, however I shall do as you and others wish, all I can do is to
count that.

Faithfully your friend,

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437

September 14th, 1891.

Samuel Little Hawk,
Pine Ridge Agency,
South Dakota.

My dear Samuel:--

I was pleased to get a letter from you after so long a
silence. I am always glad to hear from our returned students and
especially glad to hear of their having farms and stock and that
they are making use of the knowledge and skill that they acquired
at Carlisle, as you seem to be doing. I heard of the pleasant meet-
ing at Deer Creek and of many of our boys being there. You all
must have been very glad to see Bishop Hare again.

We keep on nicely here at the school. We have 770 pupils
and this summer we have made great improvements. A large addition
to the girl's building, an addition to the hospital, a new office
building where the old chapel stood near my house, a building just
back of the gymnasium on the site of the old coal house where we
shall turn water into steam and send it through pipes under ground
to all the buildings and heat them, even the school building which
you know is so far away will get its heat from down there by the
coal house just as well as the others. Isn't that wonderful? We
have also one of the largest and finest barns in the county just
completed on the Parker Farm.

I hope some of you will come back to Carlisle and make us
a visit sometime soon.

-2-

With kindest regards to you and all Carlisle students,

Faithfully your friend,

VOL. 19

to graduate.

With kindest regards,

Faithfully your friend,

September 14th, 1891

American Horse, Sioux Chief,
Cheyenne Agency,
Oklahoma Ind. Terr.

My dear Friend:-

I have your letter written by Supt. Meteor of Ogallala Boarding School, Pine Ridge. Lucy and Ben, and Jemima too, have been out in the country for the summer. We shall all be rounded in at Carlisle in a short time, and as Jemima's mother has been writing anxiously for her return and has lately got the Agent to write to the Department I have thought best, on account of Jemima's mature years, to send her back. Of course Lucy and Ben have been here only a short time and should not return. You yourself would not want that. We must carry the children to higher education, and men like you who are friendly to education must insist on that and urge other parents who are not willing for the children to get a good education up to the point to let their children in school until they get a good education.

Lucy, Ben and Jemima are in good health. They have done well in their summer outing and all have amassed little sums of pocket money.

I should be glad to see you at Carlisle and to have you bring Rose Hunting Horse as Mr. Meteor says you wish. Your son is too young to bring here. You should send him to the boarding school and then he can come to Carlisle and will not have to stay so long.

45

VOL. 19

439

September 14th, 1891.

Miss Anna C. Egan,
Ogalalla Boarding School,
Pine Ridge Agency,
South Dakota.

Dear Miss Egan:-

I am quite unable to bring myself to interfere in any way with the Department's arrangements or with the affairs of any other school. I am of course quite able to see the situation and I feel very great sympathy for them.

I have heard enough about you to feel that I should like to have you here at Carlisle but I do not see how that can be brought about except by transfer through the Department at Washington. Just now it could only be done by transferring one of my teachers to your department and you here and no teacher I have here would care to go to Pine Ridge especially if they know the condition there as many of them do. The only vacancy I have is that of assistant nurse the salary of which is fourty dollars per month and I have not made and did not intend to make that appointment until it was needed and then intended to give it to one of our Indian girls of whom we have three who have graduated or will graduate soon at schools for nurses one from the Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia and two from the City Hospital at Hartford, Conn.

I cannot help but wish that both you and Miss Raymond may find it practicable to overcome the difficulties that surround you

VOL. 19

440

and give your services to the important work at Pine Ridge for this
winter at least. Were it at the time of a new school year the situa
tion would be different, now it will be so very difficult to get
teachers for Pine Ridge if you and Miss Raymond should go away.

The letter of Dr. Dorchester is herewith returned.

September 15th, 1891.

Race,
Laguna, New Mexico.

My dear Friend:-

I have had quite a talk with your son Hiowa and find that
he thinks it a great deal better for him to continue his education
at the same time he desires to be obedient to his father. I have
advised him to send you $50.00 of his money which will enable you to
hire a boy in his place and give him the benefit of another year
of school. He is in excellent health and is a good bright boy and
I trust this evidence of his desire to improve his education
and his willingness to make the sacrifice in order to do so will
make you consent to his carrying out his wishes.

The $50.00 he sends you is herein inclosed.

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

President Merrill E. Gates,
Amherst College,
Amherst, Mass.

My dear Dr. Gates:

If you can get Henry east there will be no trouble in my raising the half of the four hundred dollars and I will cheerfully undertake it, but I have been unsuccessful myself in getting him to come back. Recently it was planned that he should bring in a small party of children from Ialets. When the priests found out that he was making up a party a delegation of them gathered at the village called the people together and denounced the movement and the government and succeeded in defeating Henry's purposes. They also got the people to take their children away from the Alberqueque school. Henry's intention was only to visit us. He claimed that he could not well come east to stay. I quite entirely agree with Mrs. Dorchester. Suppose you write Henry and see what you can do.

It is my intention to be at Mohonk and emphasize eastern education.

Mrs. Dorchester's letter is herewith returned.

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

John Moses,
Baraga, Mich.

My dear John:-

Come to Carlisle and we will take care of you and will be
glad to help you all we can.

Your friend,

September 15th, 1891.

Mrs. Buchanan,
Baraga, Mich.

Dear Madam:-

If John reports here we will take good care of him and do
the best we can to forward his education.

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

Lena Webster,
Sagole P. O., Wis.

Dear Lena:-

We shall all be very glad to have you come back to Carlis
Will you come alone? Shall I send you a ticket from De Pere? Write
me at once and I will arrange it. If any one comes with you I must
know who they are, whether they are in good health, and whether
they are of proper age.

Your friend,

September 15th, 1891.

Miss A. C. Fletcher,
Special Allotting Agent,
Ft. Lapawai, Idaho.

Dear Miss Fletcher:-

I enclose a letter just received from Harriet and have
written that we shall be glad to receive her sister and there is no
reason why she should not come through alone. If I am informed wha
train she will come on I can arrange that she be met both in
St. Paul and Chicago.

With kindest regards to both you and Miss Gay, I am,

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

Messrs. Bailey, Banks & Biddle,
Chestnut and 12th Sts.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Gentlemen:-

I have waited since the receipt of yours of September 3rd
for the receipt of your latest book of styles and the book has
failed to arrive. My check for $4.15 is herewith.

September 15th, 1891.

Miss Minnie Reed,
Junction City, Montana.

Dear Miss Reed:-

Yours received in regard to your uncle Charlie T. Closson.
Charlie's health appears to be good and there is no reason why he
should be complaining of anything. He is here at the school
and getting on very well indeed.

We are so full just now that we cannot think of taking
any more children from Montana this year.

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

Mrs. Harriet E. Stuart,
Lapawai, Idaho.

Dear Harriet:-

You have so often told me and your other friends about
your sister that I almost hesitate to write you about it. If, as
you say, you will pay your sister's way here I shall of course be
glad to receive her and should have been glad to have had her come
with Mr. Standing or the other party which came here. My informa-
tion was that both times you yourself got her away. She can come
all the way from Idaho herself just as well as not. You went from
here to Idaho by yourself. You can give her a letter to the conduc-
tors and she can appeal to them if there is any trouble.

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

Phillips Slow Dog.
Pine Ridge Agency.
South Dakota.

My dear Phillips:-

We have several orders from the Government for wagons
and it would be three or four months before we could send you one.
If that will do I shall, of course, be glad to send you one on your
paying for it. The cost will be $59.00 and you must pay the freight
which would be between $20.00 to $25.00 making the wagon cost you
about $80.00. I should think that you could get a wagon for less
money which would suit you, but if you cannot and want us to make
one for you three or four months from now let me know.

Sincerely your friend,

VOL. 19

September 15th, 1891.

John Kitzon,
Keshena, Wis.

My dear John:-

I wrote your Agent some time ago that I would take a
small party of children from that Agency if they are good healthy
boys and girls, suitable ages and come here with the intention of
sticking to it and getting a good education. The matter is in his
hands and I must leave it there because we must have good suitable
children and when we open the door for those to come without the
Agent's consent we do not get good ones. I would take a party of
ten or twelve if they were good worthy ones.

VOL. 19

449

September 16th, 1891.

Miss Helen P. Clarke,
Special Allotting Agent,
Pawnee and Ponca Agency,
Oklahoma, Ind. Ter.

Dear Miss Clarke:-

Ned left on the 9th and I arranged with Mrs. Van Cleve to
have him stay in Minneapolis a couple of days. William Ellis went
at the same time. I sent Ned on a half ticket. I gave Ned $10.00
of that you sent and he had $2.00 of his own. The half ticket cost
$22.75 leaving you a balance of $27.25 of your $60.00. Shall I
check it back to you. Ned was very happy to get off and the Doctor
 thinks the change will bring him around all right. If he gets into
proper shape we shall of course be glad to have him return to
Carlisle if you so wish. Malcolm seems to be in excellent health.
I am curious to know how you get on with your allotting. Cannot
you find time to give us some experiences for the Red Man?

VOL. 19

450

September 16th, 1891.

Rev. T. Finley,
Winnebago, Neb.

My dear Sir:-

Your letter of the fourth has remained unanswered too
long. I have been quite overborne with work. Lawrence did ill at
first and fairly well at the last, but I thought he received about
all the education it was best to make him a present of, for the
reason that in none of the positions in which we tried him did he
satisfy us that he had any special push or capacity. He frequently
made long speeches in our meetings, but in these exhibited no talent
that would specially warrent a greater outlay in preparing him for
the higher callings of life. I quite hesitate to advise that you
undertake the expense intended. My notion is that Lawrence should
take hold of some practical secular work and demonstrate if he has
purpose and capacity. Indeed he might well engage permanently in
secular work and at the same time do excellent missionary service
by his industry and example. I am not at all satisfied that the
multiplying of Indian clergymen is healthy. There is a great dis-
position to take the bright young men who might amount to something
in business, professional or in industrial lines and plant in them
the notion that their duty is to become ministers. I am convinced
that if they were taught at the same time to take care of themselves
at "tent making" or even boot blacking, the situation would be more
ful.

VOL. 19

451

September 16th, 1891.

Mrs. Mary L. Eldridge,
Sisseton, South Dakota.

My dear Mrs. Eldridge:-

I feel very much mortified that your letter has remained
unanswered so long but really I have had quite an overwhelming lot
of work on my hands, and my shorthand man is on his vacation. I
use Nana to write you this.

Of course I have heard from other sources of your change
to Sisseton. Really I think you are to be congratulated. Poor
Miss Raymond and others at Pine Ridge seem to be much in hot water.

In regard to Edgar Fire Thunder, - I do not think it at
all possible that you can get him for the purpose as he has very
considerable stock interests at Pine Ridge. If you do get him he
certainly can fill the bill as well as any one I know of. He was
our Sergeant Major here and in that and very other capacity we
found him as true as steel.

I feel with you that Etta is not properly remunerated but
my suggestions to the Department in regard to the employees, except
suggestions are asked for, do not amount to anything, rather seem
to have the effect of heading off any plan for improvement I and
others may think feasible.

We never had but one Navajo girl here. She returned as
assistant teacher and afterwards went with her husband to the

VOL. 19

September 16th, 1891.

Mrs. Lucinda King,
Oneida, Wis.

Dear Madam:-

We are compelled this year to keep our girls who are out
in the country until after the 15th of October as we are making
large additions to the girl's dormitories and haven't room to take
care of them here until then. When the other girls return to the
school we have arranged that Lucinda return with them.

September 16th, 1891.

Engle Sanatory and Cremation Co.,
30 State Street,
New York, N.Y.

Gentlemen:-

I am looking up sanatory closet matter and will be glad
to have any information you can give on the subject.

VOL. 19

454

September 16th, 1891.

R. W. Collins,
Sec. 11th Ind. Cav. Assoc.,
Pendleton, Ind.

My dear Collins:-

It is not possible for me to be absent from my place here this year. I am carrying on a large number of improvements, building, steam-heating, etc. Sorry I cannot be with you. Thank you for the neat little badge.

September 16th, 1891.

Bob Tail White,
Pine Ridge Agency,
South Dakota.

My dear Friend:-

Phillip is not yet ready to go home nor does it seem best for him. He seems quite contented to remain here and I think you will have to let him have his own way longer. The most important thing to him is his education and it is more important to you than you seem to appreciate. Phillip is a good and deserves a much better education.

VOL. 19

September 16th, 1891.

George Jackson,
Mapleton, Ind.

My dear Sir:-

I like your devise very much but the price is so out of all reason that I am looking for something cheaper. If you sold them at half the rate it would still be exorbitant but I think you would sell enough to make it far more profitable, however this is only a suggestion. What shall I do with the one you sent me?

Your letter from Mr. Jones is herewith returned.

September 16th, 1891.

Miss Ida Johnson,
Quapaw School,
Seneca, Mo.

Dear Miss Johnson:-

I will have tickets placed for you and Allelajoie Choteau and Laura Long at Seneca or such other railroad point as you desire in time for you. You lose by not coming earlier and starting in at commencement of school. All schools are well under headway before the first of October. In as much as you are taking charge of the other two girls on route 1 I will give you government transportation.

VOL. 19

September 16th, 1891.

Col. John P. Nicholson,
Pres. War Museum and Library,
723 Walnut St.,
Phila., Pa.

Dear Colonel:-

By train of circumstances, occasionally incident, in the
affairs of this life I find myself too impecunous to subscribe to
the fund for which you appeal in yours of the 9th of July. I do
not see how I well can this year, and meet my obligations. Next
year, if the matter is continued, and I have no doubt it will be, I
hope to be able to assist,

VOL. 19

457

September 17th, 1891.

My dear Mrs. Eldridge:-

From your letter to me and what I have heard otherwise, I am led to believe it is possible that you would care to change to Carlisle. I have not had a position that I thought would suit you from the fact that those who are filling such positions are holding over.

It happens just now that there is a vacancy to occur on the 10th of next month that I feel you could fill admirably. Our matron in charge of school mess has resigned, owing to some differences; she has been with us about six years and has served us generally with great success.

For ten months in the year we have about thirty-five members in the mess. The regulations of the mess require that each member pay $3.00 per week for board. The mess keeper derives her revenue from what she can save from this. So you see it depends quite entirely on the management what the income is.

The mess keeper has to buy the coal and keep her tableware and linen equipment complete, but the club provides the organa
supply. I furnish rooms, heat, stove, water and help where I can.
Indian girls are allowed to wait on the table for fifty cents a wee
each.

A committee has been appointed to search out a suitable
person and I have recommended you and would be glad to have a

VOL. 19

telegram from you on receipt of this, stating whether you would
entertain a proposition to come here. In case you feel willing to,
we can give you any further particulars you may desire.

I may add that the market of Carlisle is a good one and
that there is a conveyance to and from the market on market days
which are twice a week, and that the grocers deliver their sales at
the door, so that everything is very convenient.

Your friend,

VOL. 19

September 21, 1891.

Genl T. J. Morgan,
Com'r of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

Dear General:

The announcement of your return is receiv-
ed. I congratulate you, not however upon your broken wrist.
That will serve as a reminder of this special trip; a picnic
with a special incident to make it memorable.

We have pushed our work to the utmost but, have had the
fates against us in the wet weather. All through the mason
work on the girls' quarters we had interruptions by constant
rains, and as you know masons must have a drying spell before
they begin again, we lost fully one half the time, and the
girls' quarters is just under roof. One wing has its sec-
ond coat of plaster; the other is partly lathed. We are
greatly cramped and inconvenienced by this delay and I have
arranged for the girls to remain where they are until the mid-
dle of October. School began however the first of September.
We have the boys in, so there are 446 present. The Winter out-
ing for the boys is settled with 157 out. We have also ar-
ranged for such girls as we wish to leave out for the Winter,
68, and 89 to come in, increasing our number at the school to

VOL. 19

2-T.J.Morgan

535. The barn is completed and its a beauty. We are just filling the silos and it sweeps the entire crop of the Par-ker farm to do it, about 20 acres.

The Office building has its second coat of plaster and we shall be occupying it by the middle of October. The ad-dition to the Hospital has its first coat of plaster. The boiler house is well up to the first floor. That has been a fight. We had to go down about 12 feet through solid rock to get the depth necessary. The 100 horse boilers are in place and the connections are all being arranged. Most of the under-ground pipes to carry the steam are laid and we shall undoubtedly have great relief and comfort in the steam arrangements as well as in all other improvements. The gran-olithic walks are almost completed and are in use. No im-provement at the school since we commenced affords so much comfort.

We have an enormous crop of potatoes but in common with others they are suffering from rot produced by the excessive wet weather of the latter part of the season. The other crops have done remarkably well.

I have already written the office suggesting that Congress be asked for $115,000 with a view of our carrying 1,000 chil-dren next year. We shall need to spend more for transporta-

462

VOL. 19

3-T.J.Morgan

tion going home and a much larger sum bringing in. Once established on the basis of 1,000 the changes will not be so great as at the inception.

There is so much to be done here that I do not feel like coming to Washington unless it should be necessary.

Very respectfully,

Your Old't Serv't,

Cap t. 10th. Cav'y
Supt.

VOL. 19

473

Sept. 24, 1891.

Col. Walter G. Marmon,

Laguna, New Mexico,

Dear Colonel:

Referring to my letter to you in regard to Jean Matie, I am in receipt of a letter from Jean begging me to let her remain where she is for the winter, saying she does not want to go home.

I also have an urgent letter from the very excellent lady that she is living with, begging me not to take her away.

I know Jean a good deal better than her parents do or you do, and feel that this is a very critical period of her life.

She has herself sense enough to realize her youth and her lack of strength to meet the home difficulties. Age and experience under proper conditions place her farther and farther on the right side. She is in a home where the surroundings are such as to justify me in saying I would be perfectly willing to have my own daughter. The school opportunities are especially good; no other Indian in the same school. The whole community is one of the most refined in or about Philadelphia. Under these circumstances I feel it is my duty to

VOL. 19

I am.

September 23rd, 1891.

Col. Davidson, Supt., &c.,
Highland Park, Ill.

My dear Sir!

I have had several letters from a young man, John P. Young, who claims to be an Indian, begging me for the privileges of this school. I have steadily urged him to fight out his battle where he is. Keeping Indians together is the part of it all. They need not only to be scattered but they need to have some of the hardships of life placed upon them, like other youth. What they get by hard digging they will appreciate more. What they get for nothing they will not appreciate. I enclose you his last letter.

While I would not want to close the door entirely I do not change my mind about the best thing for this young man.

VOL. 19

September 28th, 1891.

Jessie F. Emery

#29 Cabot Street,
Portsmouth, N. H.

Dear Madam:

The news contained in yours of 23rd is very sad indeed. We all loved Miss Morton, - so kind and faithful and true in every way. She was with us as a teacher for two years between August 1, 1882, and July 1st, 1885, and left us much against the wishes of every one connected with the school.

I referred your letter to Miss Fisher, now our principal, then a co-teacher with Miss Morton, and enclose to you her words, in all of which I most sincerely concurs. I wish you had given us more of the particulars of her decease.

VOL. 19

September 28th, 1891.

Mr. Edward M. Dawson,

Chief Clerk, Department of the Interior,
Washington, D. C.

My dear Sir:

As you are probably closing into the winter, I want to bring to your mind again the carpet question, hoping that you will continue your favors and enable me to save something of my appropriation by wearing out your old carpets. Whenever you are ready to send, remember I am most ready to receive.

All goes well with us. We are rapidly closing in our many improvements for the year. I trust I shall see you here at our commencement in February and be able to show you progress in many ways.

VOL. 19

September 28th, 1891.

John Marshall,

Fort Niobrara, Neb.

My dear Sirs:

It is not possible for me to take families here I can only accept of Indian children when of proper ages, in proper health and under proper conditions. If your children are entitled under the treaties with the Government to ad- mission here I shall be glad to receive them when you are ready to send them. They must be above 12 years of age, under 18, of good health, mentally and physically, and should have been advanced in the Agency schools, though that is not a prerequisite.

Write me the facts at any time and I will correspond with you further.

VOL. 19

September 23th, 1891.

Margaret Simpson,

Christiansburg, Va.

Dear Madam:

I owe you an apology for not replying more promptly to your letter. It has lain on my desk for a long time with others which I have been compelled to ignore. I wish you could come to Carlisle for a little visit. Is that not possible?

VOL. 19

October 1st, 1891.

A. K. Smiley,

Lake Mohawk, N. Y.

My dear friend:

We now propose to leave here Tuesday afternoon by way of the Reading Road, through Reading and Bethlehem to Lloyds, where we arrive at 12.45 A. M. Wednesday. Unless there are good accommodations in Lloyds we would prefer to continue our journey immediately to Mohawk, if that is practicable. My party will consist of Mrs. Pratt, Miss Fisher, Miss Burgess and four Indians, - two young men and two young women. Would like to hear from you if we will be met and if it will be all right for us to go right on to Mohawk.

Dr. Gates wishes me to emphasize "Immersion in Eastern Christian Civilization the one cure." I think I will shorten it and say my theme will be "A Way Out."

Thank you for inviting Mr. Given. It may be, at the last minute, I may bring his mother in place of some one in my party. She has been in the Indian service since 1872.

Yours truly,

VOL. 19