MIDDLE EAST - 1969

Jan. 5 Nasser message to President - both friendly and unfriendly.

Jan. 15 US note to Soviets seeking "clarifications" of their Dec. 30, 1968, "peace plan".

Jan. 17 French government proposes 4-Power talks on Middle East.

Jan. 21 Meeting with President to review agenda for first NSC meeting - to include Mid East.

At first NSC meeting, Nasser seen as "rabble-rouser".

NSSM 2 requests studies of alternative negotiating approaches and of US interests in Middle East.

Jan. 24 Strategy memo on Middle East (Saunders).

Jan. 27 Proposed Presidential reply to Nasser message of January 5.

President at press conference calls Middle East a "powder keg".

Jan. 28 RG meeting considers Middle East options.

Jan. 30 HK, in Pentagon meeting with Laird and Wheeler, asks DOD to prepare contingency plans for Soviet military contingencies in Middle East.

Presidential meeting with Max Fisher.

Jan. 31 Eshkol letter against 4-Power talks.

Feb. 1 NSC meeting on Middle East. President speculates that Egyptians want to move closer to US, Nasser being worried about Soviets. State pushes for "new initiative" to break impasse, which will require US pressure on Israel. President points out need for domestic understanding at home.

Feb. 3 Nasser interview in Newsweek lists peace proposals.

Palestine National Council in Cairo elects Arafat chairman.

Major HK strategy memo expressing concern about diplomatic choices.

Meeting with President to discuss choices presented at Feb. 1 NSC.

Middle East - 1969

2.

Feb. 3 HK tells Rogers and Sisco (telcons) that President has decided on 4-Power talks in principle but will instruct Yost to begin 2-Power talks to explore feasibility of 4-Power talks.

Feb. 4 Mid East contingency plans discussed in NSC; also covering Berlin, Korea.

Feb. 6 NSSM 17 requests (1) description of possible Arab-Israeli settlement, (2) alternative forms of US and international guarantees of a settlement and of Israeli security, and (3) plan of action relating to 2-Power and 4-Power tracks, and (4) steps if no settlement is possible.

Feb. 13 Congressional bipartisan delegation urges President and HK not to "impose a settlement" via 4-Power talks.

Feb. 14 HK/Nanteuil meeting - French views favoring 4-Power solution.

Feb. 15 Dobrynin message for President through HK mentions Middle East as topic for bilateral discussions.

Feb. 17 Arafat received by Hussein.

• Nixon-Dobrynin meeting.

• Sisco offers (telcon) to brief HK on state of play in New York. HK warns against "success" in 4-Power talks.

Feb. 18 RG considers Middle East issues for President's discussions on European trip.

Feb. 19 Strategy memo for diplomacy in Middle East (Saunders): Decision needed after European trip whether US should go all out for final settlement; also need strategy for 2- and 4-Power talks.

Feb. 21 Nixon/French Ambassador discuss Middle East.

Feb. 26 Nasser in Sulzberger interview says he would re-establish relations with US if US ceases "encouraging" Israel. He accepts Israel on 1967 borders if refugee problem solved.

• Levi Eshkol dies of heart attack.

• Nixon in London.

Middle East - 1969

3.

Feb. 28 . Nixon-de Gaulle meeting. Latter urges 4-Power talks.

. Nixon/Rumor: US will consult Italy on Middle East.

. Coup d'etat in Syria led by Lt. Gen. Hafez al-Assad.

March 1
Agreed public line on 4-Power talks re President's trip to Europe: "We agree in principle but insist on prior bilateral talks to determine whether useful talks were possible." (4-Power role seen as useful for discussion of guarantees.)

. HK message to Hadassah Jewish group: "US will not impose a settlement in the Middle East".

. Second Nixon/de Gaulle meeting - Middle East discussed.

March 2
Golda Meir elected PM.

March 3
HK/Dobrynin lunch: Soviets ready for 2-Power talks.

March 4
HK meeting with Rabin. Rabin asks for definition of US policy. HK asks Israel to articulate kind of peace it could live with.

. President at press conference says 4-Power talks likely.

March 5
HK sends President his assessment of "success" of diplomatic "activity". Gloomy prospects reinforce President's "instinct for caution in the face of what sometimes seem rather blithe assumptions about what simply increasing the level of our diplomatic activity can achieve."

March 7
HK tells Rogers (telcon) he agrees with Sisco's approach.

. Lodge meeting with Egyptians in Paris: Egypt wants relations with US.

March (early)
President approves HK outline of basic strategy for diplomacy in the Middle East: Discuss basic principles with Eban and then begin point-by-point discussion with Dobrynin of main items of 242. Discuss guarantees with French and UK. Main point is to press others - mainly USSR - on co-responsibility for success or failure. Also, keep Jarring out in front.

March 8
HK tells Max Fisher (telcon) that we want to avoid 3-1 gangup on Israel, and French, because of Nixon visit, have shifted position.

Middle East - 1969

4.

March 9 Jarring gives Eban questions near end of Jarring mission first round.

March 13 Rogers/Eban meeting.

March 14 Eban tells President that present situation is not intolerable. Israel uneasy about 4-Power talks.

Garment tells HK (tecon) of Israeli concern.

March 15 Robert Anderson/Nasser meeting in Cairo.

March 17 HK meets with Eban and Rabin, allays Israeli concern over 4-Power consultation.

Nasser signal to Hussein re improved relations with US.

March 19 NSSM 30: Water development and Middle East policy.

March 21 NSSM 33: Contingency planning for Middle East for cases of (1) resumption of hostilities, (2) crises in Jordan, and (3) US-Soviet confrontation.

March 26 Instructions for Beam to Moscow; Middle East included.

March 27 Rogers tells SFRC that 242 is "bedrock of our policy". He says: "In our view, rectifications from pre-existing lines should be confined to those required for mutual security and should not reflect the weight of conquest."

Recommendations on US-UAR relations (Hussein will signal to Nasser US interest in improving ties and call attention to Rogers' statement on rectifications).

March 30 Summary memo on state of diplomatic play in 2- and 4-Power talks.

March 31 Ike funeral: Nixon/de Gaulle more French views); Nixon/Moroccan emissary (concern over Soviet expansionism); Nixon/Bourguiba (concern over Nasser).

HK meets Fawzi, who says Egypt would accept Israel and demilitarized zones. Fawzi dismisses Golan Heights as "Syrian problem".

April 1 HK assesses UAR "ambiguity in responding to our initiative." State urges further efforts.

April 2 Nahum Goldmann reports Israeli uneasiness at 4-Power move but feels they will yield. Goldmann reports Soviet ideas.

Middle East - 1969

5.

April 3 Four-Power talks to begin.

April 4 Permreps of 4 Powers begin talks at UN on Middle East.

April 8 Hussein visit to Washington (communique April 10).

April 9 Rogers authorized to approve F-104's in principle for
Hussein (telcons).

HK/Debre.

April 10 HK/Sisco telcon: Tell Yost that 4-Power talks are not to be used to isolate US and Israel if they don't reach common ground.

HK meets with Fawzi, Ghorbal, and Riad.

Hussein at National Press Club outlines UAR-Jordan
proposals for peace.

Second Nixon/Hussein meeting.

April 11 NSSM 40 requests policy study of Israel; Nuclear
Weapons Program.

Fawzi sees President, urges US role.

April 14 Dobrynin tells HK that USSR is prepared to come to
rapid understanding on Middle East.

Summary of diplomatic activity in Middle East.

April 16 HK tells David Rockefeller (telcon) that we need Arab
commitment to state of peace; then we can press Israelis.

April 22 U Thant tells Security Council that "virtual state
of War" exists across Suez Canal in view of raids and
retaliation.

Beam/Kosygin first meeting.

April 23 UAR declares 1967 ceasefire with Israel to be void.

RG discusses Middle East.

April 25 NSC meeting on next steps in Middle East. Rogers proposes that US surface its own plan for Egyptian-Israeli settlement, first with Israel and then with USSR.

April 29 HK/Sisco telcon discusses option of starting with general ideas with Soviets.

Middle East - 1969

6.

May 3-6 President approves proposed diplomatic strategy: Sisco will discuss portions of proposal with Dobrynin rather than surface complete US-UAR document; vague formula on Israeli withdrawal.

May 5 HK memo on dealing with Israeli lobby on Hill.

May 13 HK meets with Rabin, explains US-Soviet dialogue. Rabin worried that US has given away its position, especially on borders.

May 14 Meir letter to Nixon - sensitivity over US-Soviet talks.

May 25 Left-wing military coup in Sudan.

May 26 US submits plan for Middle East settlement to USSR.

May 27 Kosygin reply to Nixon.

June 11 Summary of Israeli lobby campaign on Hill re 2-Power talks.

Dobrynin tells HK that USSR is very interested in a settlement, that Sisco speaks only in the abstract about "secure borders", and that USSR is willing to discuss rectification.

HK memo urges Harlow that Congress be briefed on Middle East given strength of Israel's lobbying efforts.

June 13 HK recommends very brief Presidential reply to Meir letter of May 14, to minimize confrontation over US-USSR talks. Meir visit expected soon.

Javits tells HK (telcon) of Israeli fears of precise US position.

June 17 Soviets submit written counterproposal and "oral comments" on Middle East in response to US proposal and following Gromyko trip to Cairo.

June 20 Sisco (telcon) reports Israeli reaction to Soviet proposal.

RG considers NSSM 40 report on Israeli nuclear weapons program. Discussion of possible pressures to exert.

Middle East - 1969

7.

June 26 State analysis of Soviet reply of June 17. Rogers describes it as positive evolution, urges continuation of bilateral talks, including having Sisco go to Moscow. HK argues that while Soviet reply shows some improvement on details, there is little give on major substantive issues (direct negotiations, peace, borders, waterways, refugees), but feels we should continue the talks.

Analysis of Soviet reply of May 27.

June 27 HK/Shriver talk. HK: US will cooperate with France unless it is trying to play US off against Soviets. Then US would move to 2-Power. French should try to get back in position where they can influence Israel. US does not want entire onus for pressing Israel to accept proposals agreed on by four.

MIDDLE EAST - 1969

July 2
HK recommends to Pres approval for Sisco trip to Moscow to present latest US position on UAR-Is settlement per Rogers recommendation. However, HK argues that Sisco could not be permitted to have a fallback position as Rogers would like (i.e. greater specificity on borders). Strategy approved -- without fallback

July 3
Yost presses for HK authorization to move on points of primary interest in US-Soviet talks (telcon). HK says it is up to the President

July 8
HK tells Yost (telcon) Pres does not want to authorize presentation of fallback position to Soviets. Pres wants to move from Soviets, is not enthusiastic about Sisco trip. Yost argues Sovs moving further than US.

July 10
Gromyko speech

July 12
NSSM 66 asks review of policy options in Persian Gulf as result of UK withdrawal announced for 1971

July 14-18
Sisco talks in Moscow on Middle East. Saunders analysis. More substantive discussion was possible there than in Washington; principal tactical issue to emerge was Gromyko's request to have talks continue in Moscow (Sisco finessed). Sisco went over latest US proposal. Soviets will study

July 21
HK/Sisco telcon. Praise for Sisco in Moscow.

July 22
Pres approves strategy for approach to Israelis on nuclear issue, concurs in State option that issue of NPT will be discussed with Rabin "in connection with" Israeli request to advance the delivery date of Phantoms for Israel. But arms and NPT issue not to be linked explicitly

More Yost views on US reply to Soviets on ME

July 23
HK analysis for Pres of Sisco talks in Moscow: "...The Soviets seem to judge that they can live with the present situation..."

August
Four power talks remain in abeyance at the UN pending the results from our bilateral talks with Soviets

Aug 8 WSAG takes up Middle East military contingency plans

*Aug 2 Nixon/Ceausescu mtg.

Aug 4 HK/Schumann mtg.

Aug 4 HK/Pompidou mtg.

Middle East - 1969

Aug 21 Fire at Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem

Aug 25 WSAG meets at San Clemente, asks for refinements of Middle East military contingency plans

Aug 25-26 Emergency Arab Foreign Ministers mtg in Cairo to discuss action after fire at Al-Aqsa mosque

Aug ______ UNSC passes unanimous resolution condemning Israel for its reprisal raid against Lebanon and deploring all violations of ceasefire (latter clause at US behest)

Aug 28 Laird memo on arms for Israel.

Sep 1 HK analysis for Prs. of coup in Libya notes that coup was a surprise only in terms of the timing and identity of its leadership. Actually, for some time there had been conspicuous signs that serious threats were developing to Idris, not the least of which was the general radicalization of Arab opinion after 1967 war. (HK memo dated 10/1; Idris deposed 9/1)

Sep 1-2 HK, Alex Johnson discuss delaying delivery of Phantoms in light of TWA hijacking to Damascus

Sep 3 HK memo to Pres. re DOD and State nervousness about Phantom deliveries to Israel. HK recommends going ahead since "there is no good time in the Arab world to deliver these planes....weighing that judgment against extremely strong Israel reaction...I recommend we go ahead." HK directive to State conveys Pres. decision to do so.

Sep 7 Deliveries of US Phantoms to Israel begins

*
Sep 11 NSC mtg on Middle East, to guide Pres. decision and to provide guidance for Rogers talks with Eban, Gromyko and Arabs in NYC. State urges that we tell Gromyko that we agree on 1967 border with Egypt in exchange for direct talks and secure arrangements re border and Tiran and Suez Canal.
Pres. asks: "Do you fellows ever talk to the Israelis?" Yost says direct talks a non-starter.
HK sees some Soviet advantages in a settlement.
Pres. points out that Jewish vote is irrelevant to him. Pres. asks for USG thoughts on Syrian and Jordanian settlement as well as Egyptian.

*Sep 10_______

HK tells Mitchell (telcon) his reservations about new US initiative on /67 boundaries with Egypt.
HK says Pres. wants holding action.

Middle East - 1969

Sep 11 Mitchell tells HK after NSC mtg that it's clear the Pres. was wide open and had no pre-conceived notions (telcon)

Sep 17 WSAG reviews 4 Middle East scenarios: military supply to Israel; interdiction of Soviet LOCs; deployments of US forces; and retaliatory attack vs. Egyptian ports

Sep 18 Pres. speech to UNGA mentions Middle East: "... we are convinced that peace cannot be achieved on the basis of substantial alterations in the map ...or anything less than a binding irrevocable commitment by the parties to live together..."

Sep 19 RG examines Middle East water development issue (NSSM 30). Group recommends deferral of broader subject until next year and negative USG position on Israeli plant in current US budget.

Sep 20 Four Power foreign ministers meet at UNGA to discuss Middle East

Sep 21 Pres. approves strategy for pressure on Syria to release Israeli passengers in TWA hijacking case [try to prevent election of Syria to the SC and warn other govts (esp Soviets) that US seriously considering strong diplomatic sanctions against Syria]

Sep 22-24 Islamic Summit (effort by Faisal and Hassan after the tensions in M.E. to regain initiative from Arab radicals)

Sep 25 Meir visit to Washington and mtg with President. 9/26 departure statement by Pres: "...The problems in the Mideast go back over centuries. They are not susceptible to an easy solution. We do not expect them to be susceptible to instant diplomacy. On the other hand, we must try...to find a way to peace ...We have no new initiatives to announce..."

Sep 26 Report on views of Israeli Intell. chief: Chances for peace would be better without Nasser; present struggle is Egypt/Soviets versus Israel; Soviets have no interest in peace; Soviets hope the war of attrition will make the US weary and ready for compromise; Meir needs more ec. and mil. aid.

Middle East - 1969

Sep 26
HK report to Pres. that even Len Garment is dismayed with the poor playback in the Jewish community of the Phantom jet decision.

HK report to Pres. on Rogers 9/25 mtg with Meir. Meir made following pints: (1) the principal difference between US and Israel on how to proceed is degree to which we should lift the responsibility from Nasser for making peace by letting others decide on peace terms. (2) Two conditions are essential to avoid war: The Sovs must know that if Moscow becomes directly involved in war, the US will not permit Israel to be destroyed (this would permit the US to justify confrontation with the Sovs if it came to that); Second, situation must not be created in which the Arabs think that Israel is weak.

Sep 27
Pres./HK telcon: Gromyko pressing for US position; HK urges delay.

HK tells Pres. he feels we shouldn't move very fast on M.E. Soviets are not anxious to get something; their problems with Egypt must be very serious.

Meir calls HK, upset about Star article which claims that Israel will get hardware if it gives on "software" (i.e. gives up opposition to 2 and 4 power talks). HK says no condition is put on Israel's request for planes. HK tells Pres. (telcon). Apparently a Sisco leak. HK tells Sisco (telcon) Pres. wants to avoid confrontation with Meir.

Oct 2
HK memo to Pres. that Len Garment will organize some Jewish community protests against State's attitude on M.E. though Garment knows "that we wish to remain clear of the action he was taking." HK reports he has discussed with Rabin US interest in calmer Israeli relations with Jordan and has confirmed our understanding on nuclear issue.

Oct 6
Pres. approves HK recommendation that US not now seek $40 million for desalting project given other budget priorities but US could seek $5 million for test module. Also approves HK recommend. that George Woods (hangover from LBJ days) be dropped as intermediary on this issue

Oct 7
HK report to Pres. on Rabin's responses on nuclear issue.

Oct 7
Nixon mtg. with Finance Minister of Morocco

Middle East - 1969

Oct 7
Pres. receives Moroccan Finance Minister.
Morocco wants US aid in view of deteriorating
situation in North Africa.

Oct 8
HK recommends to Pres. on Israel nuclear
problem

Oct 10
HK dinner with Prime Minister Laraki of Morocco

Oct 14
Sisco (telcon) says he and Dobrynin have agreed
to use Rhodes formula

Oct 15
Pres. reaction to ABC-TV report that Soviet M.E.
position is hardening as a result of the Chou-
Kosygin mtg. HK responds arguing that even though
USSR relations with PRC have profound effect on
its international posture, it is doubtful there
is direct correlation between the slight thaw
since Kosygin-Chou talks and Soviet line on M.E.
Doubtful Soviet position has hardened; perhaps
propaganda has hardened in relation to Meir visit.
Soviet position in New York still seems what it
was last spring: "I think we may have slightly
overrated the Soviet desire for a settlement last
spring."

Oct 16
Pres. meets with Prince Fahd and Saqqaf. Discussion
of Persian Gulf, Saudi-Iranian relations.

Oct 19-24
Clashes in Lebanon between Army and guerrillas

Oct 20
Pres. tells Dobrynin: "Israel won the war," yet
USSR takes hard line position based on total with-
d withdrawal without any sacrifice by Egyptians. If
Soviets will press Egyptians, US may be able to
make some suggestions to Israel.

Oct 21
WSAG takes up Middle East contingency plan.

Oct 21-22
Visit of Shah of Iran. "A special relationship"
mentioned by Pres. in departure remarks.

Oct 22
Pres. approves US working closely with Iran and
Saudi Arabia in intelligence field re Gulf.

Oct 22
Staff (Saunders) memo to HK on proposed next
steps (State memo) re Sisco-Dobrynin talks:
"Essentially he (Sisco) proposes to go to the
new fallback formula with Dobrynin on October 28
and to try to get involved in the Israel-Jordan
talks." HK opposed "for other reasons."

Oct 23
Shah asks for more "bluecoats" to help maintain air-
craft. Pres. agrees and HK passes on Pres. order
to Laird (telcon).

Middle East - 1969

Oct 25 Pres. wants HK to tell Sisco there should be no contacts with Sovs. in week of Vietnam speech and "that's a command." Sisco is to hold off on a new ME proposal. But Sisco says Rogers committed him to meeting Dobrynin. Pres. says nothing should be done on ME before NSC mtg. is scheduled (telcons).

Oct 28 WSAG reviews Lebanon contingency plans. Quiet preparation to assist Lebanese Christians. WSAG also asks for paper on means of pressuring Libya, at Pres. request.

* Elections in Israel return Meir to power with reduced majority.

* Sisco reports Dobrynin was somber in their mtg. Sisco told Dobrynin we didn't like Soviet press campaign; there would be no new US proposals and ball was in Soviet's court (telcon).

* Pres. approves strategy for Israel on nuclear question (won't press) though Richardson will study possible next steps.

Oct 29 Staff analysis suggests Soviet "doctrine" announced in connection with Lebanon situation is "disturbing". Soviets have said no outside powers should get involved in Lebanon problem or "in matters within competence of Arab states themselves." View is that this would put Sovs in position of placing a protective umbrella over radical Arab intervention in other Arab states, if left unchallenged by US.

Oct 29-30 Libya asks US and UK to withdraw from bases

Oct 31 HK tells Pres. we have contingency plan for military aid to Lebanon (telcon)

Nov 1 HK recommends to Pres. broadening Middle East focus to include development of Mediterranean policy, including possible Pres. visits to Iran, Turkey, Morocco, Tunisia.

Nov 5 Staff options paper on how to deal with Qadhafi poses choice between policy of confrontation or of riding along with new regime.

Nov 6 Nasser in speech to UNGA says war is only way to liberate Palestine.

*Nov 5* Pres. decision on Israel nuclear-don't press.

Middle East - 1969

Nov 6 NSSM 81 asks evaluation of US arms transfer policy toward Israel, in terms of Arab-Is. balance, Soviet arms transfers, Israel's force requirements according to different defense objectives, and Israel's own technical and economic capabilities. Paper to be done by ad hoc group and submitted to HK by Dec. 12, then referred to IG for review.

* NSSM 82 asks review of economic assistance policy toward Israel. To be prepared by ad hoc group for HK by Dec. 12, then to be referred to IG for review.

* NSDM 32 defers decisions on broader policy for overall water development in Mid East and defers involvement in constructing desalting plant in Israel until technology is further developed.

* Pres. mtg. with David Rockefeller following latter's M.E. trip (DR saw Nasser)

Nov 7 Libya offers training and support for Palestinian guerrillas.

Nov 8
HK note to Pres. that Meir amenable to having her message to Pres. praising Vietnam speech used among Jewish groups via Len Garment.

Nov 10
HK memo to Helms re closer cooperation with Iran and Saudi Arabia on intelligence.

Nov 11
HK status report to Pres. on M.E. diplomacy. US currently awaiting Soviet response to Sisco's latest formulation on UAR-Israel document. Depressing account of futility of such an approach. HK argues that US has greater interest in promoting Israel-Jordan settlement, given fedayeen and Palestinain situations. Sisco formula amounts to backing away slightly from Israel, thus creating climate for greater Arab militancy: "My reservation with this...is that we will end up pressing Israel on behalf of the Soviet client when our interest is really in settling the Palestine question - in contrast to the UAR-Israel geopolitical context - which is a Jordanian issue."

Nov 14
Pres. sends HK memo reminding him to stress following in future backgrounders: (1) Pres. is in charge of major policy decisions; (2) Nixon Doctrine should be emphasized; (3) we may be blamed for bad situation in M.E. so describe it as impossible, something we inherited and something from which we are trying to dig out.

Middle East - 1969

Nov 14 Staff analysis for HK on ME poses question of whether US should move towards Is-Jordan talks and away from UAR-Israel talks. Problem ultimately boils down to whether US prepared to press Israel for acceptable Is-Jordan settlement; if not, it might be to greater advantage to pull out from all and any talks on ME - especially if no settlement seems possible.

Nov 17 Rabin tells HK of PMMeir's "great concern" over latest US move with Soviets; says drawing of concrete boundary is for the parties. Rabin states economic needs re paying for Phantoms, PL 480 and aid.

* Sisco recommendations to HK on dealing with widespread Jewish community unrest with Admin. positions on ME -- especially documents on UAR and Jordan settlements. Sisco basically argues that the positions are not new and were discussed under LBJ.

Nov 21 Meir message to Pres. complains about latest Sisco proposal to Dobrynin on borders - Israelis preferred earlier (less specific) formulation.

Nov 24 WSAG approves Libya papers, with revisions, and examines Lebanon contingency plans. HK explains President's concern over Libya, resulting from his talks with the Shah and Arab moderate leaders.

* Pres. approves HK's reluctant recommendation for resumption of 4-power talks on Jordan settlement. HK had felt this would avoid having onus on US for opposing talks at time when ME tensions on the rise. However, HK reluctant about the course the US is pursuing under Rogers/Sisco: "It cannot produce a solution without massive pressure on Israel. It is more than likely going to wind up antagonizing both sides. It may even produce a war..."

Nov 28 Pres. approves in principle sale of M-14s to Lebanon.

Dec 1 Yost's views that US should back resumption of 4 power talks even if the sides reject whatever is agreed. HK sends to Pres. who reacts that "there is something to be said for Yost's position, i.e. appear to do right - not just doing right. If this blows - we will be severely criticized for having failed to use influence with Israel for moderation - we must make a public record for even-handedness."

Middle East - 1969

Dec 2 Four Power talks resume.

Dec 2 Saunders/Rabin telcon.

Dec 3 HK recommends going ahead with desalting plant for Israel.

Dec. 4 Sisco asks for Presidential clearance of Rogers speech; says it is geared to upcoming summit; breaks no new ground and is consistent with whatever course Pres. chooses. HK says Pres. wants to reserve judgment until Monday NSC.

* HK memo to Pres. recommends against a ME speech by Rogers this month. HK concern is that putting our position on record could put US in position later of providing Israel with military aid when Israel rejects US concept of settlement. Greater flexibility if US were to remain ambiguous.

Dec 8 Pres. mtg. with David Rockefeller and Jamieson, McCloy, Anderson, Warner to discuss ME

Dec 9 In transmitting latest Rogers strategy for 4 power talks, HK poses basic choices: "should it be a deliberate US policy at this point to let the peace-making effort peter out?" or should the US judge that the present combination of talks is unproductive and a new combination should be tried?

Dec 8 HK at staff meeting disparages wisdom of speech on day before NSC meeting.

Dec 9 "Rogers Plan" speech

* McCloy tells Pres. that Egyptians want contact with US; suggests US emissary.

Dec 10 HK at staff meeting fears policy out of control: "we're being sucked in step by step".

* NSC reviews WSAG studies of Lebanon and Libya and to review where we stand in ME negotiation. Choice we face: Do we let the talks peter out? Pres. feels we have gone backward since Jan. 20. Richardson cautious about US putting forward detailed position. Yost, Rogers urge dissociation from Israel. Sisco urges US put forward documents on Jordan-Israel settlement too. HK: Question is whether we will be willing to squeeze Israel.

* Kosygin in Soviet UAR talks in Moscow declares support for Arab guerrilla organizations.

Middle East - 1969

Dec 11
HK tells Rogers his speech was an "enormous success" and we should stand on that. Rogers, HK agree that editorial reaction to speech good. Now, says HK, for Pres. to do anything would be a derogation. Rogers says it was balanced. They agree Israeli reaction was mild. (telcon)

Pres. mtg with Clay, Acheson, Governor Dewey to discuss Middle East, Europe, Vietnam.

Dec 13
Max Fisher calls and hopes he'll be kept informed if there's going to be big shift in M.E. policy. HK says Rogers speech was in line with Security Council resolution and not a shift (telcon).

HK, President agree that it helps us with Arabs to have Golda express "disappointment" with Rogers speech, but private assurances to Golda remain firm.

In response to depressing Agency analysis on Israel's current sense of isolation and possible death wish, Pres. notes that "I agree...I am beginning to think we have to consider taking strong steps unilaterally to save Israel from her own destruction."

Dec 15
Sisco feels that Rogers speech has helped us with the moderate Arabs (Moroccans, Saudis, Jordanians).

HK report to Pres. on Arab propaganda efforts to portray HK and eventually Pres. as a Zionist. Notes that at least the Wash. Post has not set the record straight on the forgery of documents on HK pledge to ZOA.

HK report to Pres. on State working level indiscretion in deal with foreign officials on Middle East (at issue is State officer feeding line to Egyptians on US military aid to Israel): "It is small wonder that we have difficulties with US Middle East policy when Cairo is fed this sort of information."

Dec 16
Eban relates Meir's concern of resumption of 4-power talks, and Rogers Plan speech. Eban says (1) Israel needs Sharm al-Sheikh; (2) US may be moving to quickly; (3) Hussein may not be able to keep an agreement; (4) US and Soviets should limit dialogue to discussing how to prevent war and get belligerents to negotiate.

Middle East - 1969

Dec 17 President authorizes State to surface Jordan package next day at 4-power meeting (HK/Pres telcon). Also memo, noting that State should take no new initiative after this one.

Dec 18 HK end of year backgrounder cites Middle East as "one of areas of disappointment."

Dec 20 HK sends Pres. a memo from Len Garment on Israeli outrage at State's latest document on Jordan-Israel settlement.

Dec 22 Dobrynin tells HK that Sisco talks could not go anywhere.

Dec 23 US agrees to withdraw from Wheelus AFB by June 30, 1970.

Soviet reply to latest US proposal on Jordan-Israel settlement.

Dec 24 Israeli cabinet statement strongly objects to US proposals for Arab-Israeli settlement.

Dec 26 HK meeting with Rabin; latter expresses grave concern of Meir over latest US proposals.

Dec 29 Dobrynin tells HK that in present framework, talks are stalemated. HK says problem will be solved only if US and USSR are willing to ask their friends to make sacrifices.

HK tells FRG Amb. Pauls that he saw no change in Soviet policy. Is not in Israel's interest for us to be their attorney; there is no sign that Soviets will ask Arabs for concessions. We do not need the Soviets if we merely plan to give Arabs what they want.

Dec 30 HK memo to Mitchell expresses concern over State working level contacts with Egyptians which undercut US strategy.

Pres. wants Israeli aid request to go to USC, not the IG, and then to NSC (Sisco telcon).

Dec 31 Five French-built patrol boats reach Haifa after irregular departure from Cherbourg (12/25).

AFRICA - 1969

Jan. 23 HK memo re Biafra relief. President recommends pushing State on this.

Jan. 28 NSSM 11: Nigeria/Biafra relief.

Feb. 3 Edouardo Mondlane of FRELIMO assassinated in Dar-es-Salaam.

Feb. 6 RG meeting discusses Biafra questions to be put before NSC.

Feb. 11 Richardson tells HK (telcon) of his proposal of relief coordinator for Biafra.

Feb. 13 Nixon assurance (letter) to Sen. Brooke that US is fully reviewing aid to Nigeria and NSC will take issue up.

Feb. 14 NSC meeting discusses Biafra. President decides on 2-track policy, stressing humanitarian relief for Biafra, but continuing to regard Nigerian victory as in best interests of US.

Feb. 15 Rogers complains to HK (telcon) about idea of Relief Coordinator.

Feb. 20 HK tells Richardson (telcon) that President wants Relief Coordinator for Biafra who is not from State Department.

Feb. 21 HK recommends that Presidential reply to Gowon of Nigeria reflect NSC decisions on US policy: high profile on relief and minimal political involvement.

March 5 Soviet warships visit Lagos.

March 11 Ethiopian airliner sabotaged at Frankfurt by Arab Liberation Front for Eritrea.

March 14 Concern over relief for Lesotho due to holding up of food shipments because of East Coast dock strike.

March 21 President's reply to PM Wilson re Nigeria.

April 4 President's notation on HK memo that US policy in Nigeria is off-course and State should be moved away from support of Federals.

April 10 NSSM 39 asks review of policy toward Southern Africa.

Africa - 1969

2.

April 20 OAU in Monrovia unsuccessful in attempt to mediate
Nigerian civil war.

May 7 HK recommends to Haldeman that President's approval of domestic staff proposal to permit import of Rhodesian chrome should not be implemented now, but should be considered in full NSC study on Southern Africa policy.

May 15 HK status report on fluid situation in Nigeria:
US diplomatic posture towards Federals is neutrality,
while trying to create expanded relief.

May 22 Start of Biafran bombing attacks on Federal territory.

AFRICA - 1969

July 1 HK tells Rogers (telcon) President isn't eager to get into problem of Rhodesian consulate

July 4 Pres. asks study of Biafra relief problem (HK/Richardson telcon)

July 7 Pres. approves strategy for next steps in Nigeria-Biafra: Contest Federal relief embargo, try for guarantees against violence in relief corridor, separate relief from image of pro-Fed bias. HK promises broader options paper since he feels "Our present policy...limited largely to exhortation of both sides...seems at the end of its usefulness... (one choice is) to make a serious effort to try to stop the fighting as well as resume relief..."

July 8 Pres. meets with Haile Selassie, who urges US intervention in Biafra crisis

July 11 Pres. notes his agreement to suggestion (Dean Acheson's paper on Southern Africa) that US keep the consulate in Rhodesia as in US interests.

July 18 Pres. pushes for release of statement about Biafra.

July 29 Pres. decision (HK signature) disapproving State recommendation that US close its consulate in Rhodesia.

Aug. 7 HK memo to President on options for initiatives to solve the Nigeria/Biafra problem (Pres. now indicated he wants to move the action from State to White House).

Aug. 11 President Tombalbaye of Chad announces he has asked France "to restore order" after months of Moslem uprisings.

Aug. 12 UN Security Council sets deadline of October 4 for South Africa to surrender mandate over Namibia.

Africa - 1969

Sep. 10 OAU annual conference in Addis Ababa fails to make progress towards ending Nigerian civil war.

Sep. 20 . President approved HK recommendation for continued secret dialogue between Biafrans and HK staffer (following Norman Cousins talk in Paris and Elliott Richardson secret meeting with Biafran Ambassador).

. President approved initiative to break relief impasse
in the Nigeria/Biafra problem: evenhanded Pres.
statement on the relief operation and quiet US
assistance to Red Cross relief airlift.

Oct. 1 President letter sent to Pres. Nyerere of Tanzania who is transmitting New York on 10/2. HK notes that "clear and candid relations with him (Nyerere) will be essential to any policy you pursue in Southern Africa.:

Oct. 16 RG reviews policy on Southern Africa, both general posture and specific decision issues. NSC staff (Roger Morris) judges that prospects for major change are slim, isolating the whites has failed, present equivocation with both sides gets us nowhere.

Oct. 20 President receives Pres. Busia of Ghana.

Oct. 20-21
HK analysis for President on assassination of Somali
President and coup of remaining govt. "For the US...
the most important element will be the survival or the
collapse of the detente. If the Somalis returned
to bellicose irredentism...tension will rise through-
out the area...The old arms supply spiral could then
begin again - with the Somalis going to the Soviets,
the Ethiopians to us and the Kenyans to the British..."

Oct. 21 Army and police commanders seize power in Somalia and set up Revolutionary Council.

Oct. 24 . Staff complaint to HK that State is footdragging on Pres. desire for a serious peace probe in Nigeria. "State if agreeing" to launch initiatives as the President desires, but in a manner and toward goal directly opposite the President's intnetions.

. HK briefing memo for Pres. 10/27 meeting with Dean Acheson to discuss Southern Africa, Vietnam.

Africa - 1969

Oct 25 In response to Pres. request, HK provides Pres. with list of world leaders with whom Pres. could maintain periodic contact via letter; Pres. deletes all African leaders.

Oct 28 HK analysis to Pres. on new Somali regime notes that US knows very little about new leaders. Pres. notes: "Maybe (hopefully) they are like the Greek colonels."

Nov 15 China signs agreement with Tanzania and Zambia to build 1000-mile Tan Zam Railway.

Dec 10 HK encourages Rogers to go to black Africa, first SecState to do so. Rogers says Arthur Ashe wants visa to go to South Africa (telcon).

Dec 12 HK memo to Rogers complains of State working level indiscretion and breach of confidential reports (issue was leak of Southern African NSSM study).

Dec 17 NSC reviews Southern Africa study (NSSM 39). Nixon: "The white...are there to stay." Our ties with UK are key to our Rhodesian policy. Pres. defers decision.

Dec 18 HK end of year backgrounder says NSC study of Africa will produce concrete actions but Africa does not "seem as much in need of an immediate new departure as some other areas."

Dec 23 Federal Nigerian troops open major four-pronged attack on Biafra.

Pres. notes his approval of US-South African understanding on the price of gold (Europeans also wanted this agreement).

LATIN AMERICA - 1969

Jan. 21 First NSC meeting notes imminent crisis developing with Peru over expropriation of IPC assets in October 1968.

. HK calls NAR and tells him of Galo Plaza's suggestion
tha NAR visit Latin America for President.

Jan. 22 Proposal for Rockefeller to visit Latin America.

Jan. 29 Briefing memo re possible Peruvian expropriation of IPC-owned assets.

Jan. 31 President decides that Cuban exile requests for meetings should not be routinely sent to State ("careerists are pro-Castro"), but given sympathy and handling at White House on selective basis.

Feb. 3 NSSM 15 asks review of Latin American policy.

Feb. 7 . NSSM 18 asks review of policy toward Peru.

. State outlines steps to deal with aircraft hijacking (Cuba problem).

Feb. 12 HK tells Vaky (telcons) that NAR will probably do it.

Feb. 14 . Peru seizes US-owned tuna boat. HK briefs President. Bomb attack on US Embassy in Lima. Peru then releases boat.

. HK tells Vaky (telcons) of President's query re
what's in MAP pipeline to Peru and scenario for an
emissary.

Feb. ____ Presidential meeting with US Ambassador to Peru - special concern over Hickenlooper Amendment application.

Feb. 15 . HK asks Helms about possible coup in Peru. Helms says we have no control over it whatsoever.

. President agrees with HK analysis that Brazilian proposal for united Latin front in presenting its economic views to the US (CECLA) without US participation has its merits. State wants to discourage any appearance of "confrontation" with US and is concerned.

Feb. 17 Announcement of NAR mission to Latin America.

March 6 HK/NAR telcon on Ecuador fishing problem and schedule for trips.

Latin America - 1969

2.

March 13 RG meeting discusses Peru (6-month deadline under Hickenlooper Amendment to expire April 4).

March 18 Under Secretary Irwin in Peru.

March 19 Peru seizes more US-owned tuna boats.

March 21 NSSM 32 asks review of Cuba policy.

March 28 . NSSM 35 asks review of trade with Communist countries.

. RG discusses Peru.

March 29 HK decision memo on Peru and IPC: need to avoid sanctions but preserve position on compensation.

April 3 HK/Vaky telcon discusses Irwin's recommendation to use administrative processes with Peru and defer Hickenlooper Amendment. HK tells President (telcon).

April 4 President approves "very, very" cautious probe to Cuba through Swiss Ambassador in Havana.

April 5 President decides (telcon) to stretch out administra-
tive procedures until August re Peru. (See telcons
also with Vaky and Irwin.)

April 11 . Presidential decision to authorize further initiatives
to deal with Velasco on IPC.

. NSDM 11 on Peru.

April 14 Presidential remarks to OAS Assembly.

April 15 Initiatives on Peru and IPC (HK memo).

April 17 Presidential notation on HK status report on Peru - "keep the heat on".

April 18 HK report to President on Cuba probe.

April 23 President tells HK (telcon) he has no desire to normalize relations with Castro, wants probe turned off.

May 2 HK tells Richardson (telcon) to hold up on Cuba probe.

Latin America - 1969

3.

May 7 RG discusses Peru.

May 12 RG discusses Peru.

Mary 12-31 NAR makes fact-finding tour of Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador and Bolivia.

May 17 Latin American countries at CECLA in Chile draw up recommendations to US ("Consensus of Vina del Mar"), proposing new basis for independent political and economic development of Latin America.

May 22 . Presidential decision on Peru: Signal that US is considering waiver of Kickenlooper.

. RG discusses Peru, agrees to defer Hickenlooper as long as plausible basis can be found.

May 26 Andean Common Market established (Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador).

June 6 HK backgrounder discusses NAR trip.

June 12 . President meets with NAR re second leg (Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Trinidad).

. President meets with President Lleras of Colombia, promises favorable action on Pan American highway, loan program adjustments, F-5's.

June 13 . President threatens to recognize provisional government for Cuba after USSR recognizes PRG in Vietnam (telcons). (See Richardson telcon June 17.)

. President approves HK directive to agencies conveying commitments to Lleras: Pan American highway; prompt action on eliminating additionality provisions in loan program; sympathetic response to the desire of Colombia to modernize armed forces.

June 16 Planned departure for third NAR trip to Latin America.

June 18 HK background memo for President on the Peru-IPC dispute concludes "most of Peru's military and present leaders are determined to move the country out from under the US shadow."

June 19 President at news conference minimizes importance of demonstrations against NAR.

Latin America - 1969

4.

June 23
HK (via memo) transmits to President message from Rockefeller re meeting with President Costa E Silva of Brazil and Silva's plans for democratization.

June 26
HK memo to Ehrlichman explains rationale of not invoking Hickenlooper re Peru but of pursuing economic pressure on Peru in other ways. (Memo in response to complaint from domestic political side of White House that State is dragging its feet where US business has interests and that "some of our big money in the campaign came from people and business concerns with international connections...")

LATIN AMERICA - 1969

July 1
HK memo to Pres. reports that even US oil companies concur now that Hickenlooper not be invoked, re Peru. Pres. directs that Congress be briefed on this to "cool off" critics on Hill

July 2
Pres. approves HK strategy for dealing with Peru - buy-time and defer Hickenlooper (concurred in by NAR)

July 3
Pres. concurs in NAR suggestions for trying to improve relations with Argentinia

RG reviews Latin American study: Good paper on broad policy concepts which can serve as educational paper while specific actions await NAR report. Key issue is "do we have a special relationship?"

July 7
Press item on Cuba's replacing Argentina in UNDP and Pres. suggestion that US withdraw as a protest. HK memo notes story distorted and recommends against withdrawal. Pres notes: "K-Treat Cuba with correct but cold attitude. Don't let this be a wedge for opening door to warming up US-Cuba relations"

July 9
NSC meeting discusses basic concepts; no decisions needed. Question of "special relationship", broad purposes and style of relationship, focus of US efforts.

* HK tells NAR his report will be put before NSC; Pres. doesn't want NAR to be putting public pressure on him. NAR concerned about Uruguay situation

* HK memo to Pres. on the El-Salvador/Honduras dispute. Danger of shooting war and military coup in El Sal not ruled out

July 11
HK background memo for Pres on Chile-Anaconda copper agreement announced June 26 (avoidance of outright expropriation and possibility of US-Chile confrontation a la Peru) Amb Korry said to have helped bring about agreement

July 12
HK analysis for Pres on strategy for Peru. Pres. takes special note of analysis that strategy of avoiding Hickenlooper but keeping up non-overt economic pressure is working toward persuading mil. govt. to seek better relations with US, although there is still long way to go. Pres notes: "Don't be too nice too soon - let them stew some more"

Latin America -- 1969

July 12 NSSM 67 asks for program analysis of Brazil and programs

* NAR is concerned about oil import study and its implications for Venezuela; we should get it straightened out (telcon)

* NSSM 68 asks review of roles of Church and military in Latin America. Pres. also asks for report on what is being done to identify future leaders in Latin America

July 14 War between Honduras and El Salvador. Press guidance: We support OAS mediating effort (See telcons w/Ziegler, NAR, Pres, Meyer)

July 15 HK report to Pres. on El Sal/Honduras dispute. "Our best strategy is to give full support to OAS efforts..." (Ceasefire on July 17)

July 17 Pres. mtg with Gov. Shafer re his trade mission to Latin America

July 22 HK directive to State conveying Pres. decision on US position for the IA/ECOSOC mtgs re our relations with Latin America. Pres. wishes US to be forthcoming and develop imaginative approaches looking towards reinforcing special relationship

* NSSM 70 asks review of policy toward Haiti

* NSDM 21 approves Peru strategy outlined in IG paper of May 24: Non-overt economic pressures and extended deferral of Hickenlooper sanctions. Report due August 4

Aug. 7 HK status report to Pres. on IPC-Peru: Irwin negotiations to be revived.

Aug. 11 HK memo to Pres. on IPC-Peru dispute: "Since the probabilities of resolving the IPC case by negotiated settlement are not bright, we will probably have to face at some early date the question whether to approve resort to some kind of local judicial process..."

Aug. 16 HK memo to Under Secretaries Committee that Pres. directs it to consider paper on generalized tariff preferences for LDC's prepared in response to NSSM 48 and also coordinate US policy on preferences issue with overall position US will take at IA/ECOSOC meetings.

Latin America - 1969

Aug. 20 President discusses Peru with Amb. Belcher et al.

Aug. 27 NSDM 22 assigns Panama problem to IG.

Sep. 2 HK report to Pres. on NAR's many recommendations on Latin America. HK takes strong issue with recommendation for providing technical and political assistance to Panama (NAR wanted to be the intermediary with Torrijos).

Sep. 3 . HK directive to State conveys Pres. decision on terms of reference prepared by Panama RG for any future Canal treaty discussions with Panama. Pres. does not want to decide in advance that the US would never sign a treaty with the present Panamanian govt. so option of serious negotiations with present regime should remain open. Pres. would also like to personally review US interests and objectives with regard to concluding new treaties.

. Public Pres. letter to NAR on receiving trip report on Latin America. Says report will be submitted to NSC for study.

Sep. 8 . Pres. approves guidance on jet aircraft for Colombia per Lleras visit: Try to intensify efforts to amend Conte Amendment to Foreign Assistance Act to enable us to respond to their purchase request without penalty and also talk about an F-5 or A-4 purchase.

. Pres. with President Diaz Ordaz of Mexico on dedication of Amistad Dam on Rio Grande and meeting with Diaz Ordaz.

Sep. 10 HK transmits to Pres. analysis of Torrijos of Panama which argues that to extent to which Torrijos feels frustrated in attempts to improve relations with US or in reaction to rising internal opposition, he might turn toward radicalism and anti-US course. Pres. notes: "We should play him at this time."

Sep. 19 NAR, HK agree (telcon) that US can't shape internal events in Latin America.

Sep. 22 HK transmits to Pres. final NAR report on Latin American trips. Appeal for a change in paternalistic relationship we have had in the past to relationships of true partnership.

Latin America - 1969

Sep. 23 RG considers Cuba policy options (NSSM 32) and agrees there is no compelling need to change US policy unless better one presents itself.

Sep. 26 Coup in Bolivia.

Sep. 27 . Pres. meets with Torrijos.

. Pres. meets with NAR, HAK, and Charles Meyer at Camp David re NAR Report and forthcoming speech. Stresses liberal policy on aid, tough line on Cuba.

Oct. 2 Pres. letter to Mexican Pres. suggesting bilateral talks on Operation Intercept (narcotics control) to resolve Mexican complaints.

Oct. 8 NSSM 77 asks for program budgets for Brazil, Chile, and Colombia.

Oct. 9 RG considers agenda for NSC meetings on Latin America. Key issues are: response to internal developments, internal security, collective security machinery, trade liberalization, investment, aid. Consideration of NAR Report.

Oct. 13 HK meets with Galo Maza on Latin American policy.

Oct. 15 NSC meeting discusses generalized tariff preferences, untying aid, debt service, and recognition policy. President stresses "special relationship". President decides to untie all AID loans to Latin America for procurement throughout Latin America.

Oct. 16 AID director Hannah reclamas, arguing we should untie local currency loans to Latin America instead.

Oct. 20 . NSDM 28 reaffirms decision to untie all AID loans to Latin America for procurement in Latin America. NSDM directs steps to implement, including Congressional consultations.

. HK directive to USC relaying Pres. desire, after reading study on military missions in Latin America, that US continue to provide assistance and working with L.A. military but "in ways which would reduce or lower our profile."

Oct. 22 . In response to Pres. reaction to a press item asserting confusion between State and White House over US Cuba policy, HK advises that story is a fabrication.

Latin America - 1969

Oct. 22 . Pres. approves recommendations or organizational changes in USG handling of Latin American affairs.

. HK directive to State for study of recommendations
of NAR Report.

Oct. 23
Rogers tells HK if President is going to accept 1/3
of NAR organizational recommendations, he might as
well do it all the way. Rogers doesn't think there
is a chance in world that Congress will pass this
anyway (telcon).

Oct. 24
President pleased with Latin American speech. It
"does something on 3 or 4 points:" not promises
but action. HK says these are things they have
tried to do for ten years. President wants Harlow
to build it up in advance and he wants L.A. chiefs
of state to have it in advance and applaud it (telcons).

Oct. 29
Rogers urges alteration of proposal for L.A. Under
Secretary -- an executive committee headed by ARA
Assistant Secretary; fears Congressional brawl
(telcon).

Oct. 30
Pederson complains that draft speech seems to coddle
dictators. HK says we don't want to give hunting
license to squeeze governments into Nasserite
direction. HK says President won't change it (telcon).

Oct. 31 . Pres. approves NAR recommendation that Congress be consulted about creating Joint Congressional Committee on Western Hemisphere.

* President in major speech proposes new program
("Action for Progress for the Americas") for economic
cooperation.

Nov. 5
NSDM 30 sets forth US position for special meeting
of IA-ECOSOC, approving recommendations Oct. 17
of Under Secretaries Committee.

. NSDM 31 adopts NAR Report recommendations on debt service and use of local currency payments.

Nov. 6
President meets with Trustees of Council for Latin
America (David Rockefeller), who are pleased with
President's speech.

President receives departing Brazilian Ambassador
Gibson Barboza, who is new Foreign Minister, praises
Brazil.

Latin America - 1969

Nov. 7 Texts of letters from leaders of Brazil, Colombia and Costa Rica on Pres. Latin American speech released.

Nov. 10 NAR Report issued.

Presidential statement on NAR Report on Latin America (Focus on trade).

Nov. 12 President approves State-recommended approach to Cuba on hijacking agreement.

Nov. 14 Pres. reacts to press announcement by CIA that agency was aware of army crisis in Chile long before current turmoil; Pres. demands full account of CIA as to why they would announce this. (HK directive to Helms for inquiry.)

Nov. 19 Release of letter from Mexican President on Pres. Latin American speech.

Nov. 28 Pres. approves modest liberalization controls on foreign investment by US firms and liberalization for investment in LDCs.

Dec. 6 Staff memo to HK reports on State Department concern over increasing Rockefeller involvement in Panamanian affairs.

Dec. 8 HK report to Pres. on the IA-ECOSOC meeting. Despite the difficulties, concept of partnership readily accepted by Latins with the dawning realization that the US is serious about a new relationship.

Dec 14-16 Coup and counter-coup in Panama but Torrijos survives. HK report to Pres. expresses concern about the effects on US-Panama relations given widespread reports that USG was involved. However, Rockefeller rapport with Torrijos may be helpful.

Dec 18 HK end of year backgrounder discusses Latin America initiative in terms of new philosophy.

Dec 22 Pres. statement urging the establishment of the position of Under Secretary of State for Western Hemisphere Affairs.

Dec 23 Pres. approves HK directive to the USC for follow-up action on items outlined in Pres. Latin American speech and positions taken by US at IA-ECOSOC.

Dec 30 HK recommends NSSM on Panama Canal problem (issued 1/2/70).

INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY - 1969

Jan. 21 NSSM 4 asks review of US foreign aid policy.

Jan. 21 NSSM 5 asks review of international monetary policy.

Jan. 28
HK advises President that White House domestic side
decisions on removing controls on US investment
abroad should not be taken arbitrarily without
coordinating foreign policy aspects. Late February
NSC meeting on economic matters can treat with issue.

Feb. 5 NSSM 16 asks review of US trade policy.

Feb. 19
HK directive to State, Treasury, Agriculture, and
Budget and AID seeks views on draft NSDM which
proposes country-by-country approach for AID loans,
instead of restrictive across-the-board approach.

March 26
NSC meeting on foreign aid. President supports aid
but sees need for better rationale. Urges emphasis
on technical assistance.

April 3 RG discusses NSSM 16 (trade policy).

April 9
NSC meeting on trade. President decides to ask for
new trade bill liberalizing trade and eliminating
American Selling Price (ASP).

April 11 NSDM 10 on AID and PL 480 commitments.

April 21 NSSM 45 asks paper on objectives of US foreign aid programs.

April 24 NSSM 48: Tariff Preferences for LDC's.

May 2
Treasury memo on European currency situation. HK
concern re political problems for Germans and French
on devaluation and revaluation.

May 2 RG meets on Asia trade.

May 7 NSC meeting on Far East trade mission.

May 23
Presidential approval to seek changes in Foreign
Assistance Act re Symington and Chruch Amendments.

May 28
Presidential Foreign Aid message to Congress
(creation of OPIC).

June 6
Presidential decision on international monetary
situation as "high priority". (German problem and
revaluation): Meeting to be held to develop US
international monetary policy both short and long term.

International Economic Policy - 1969

July 22
HK memo to Pres. transmits McCracken's analysis that a new speculative crisis is likely by mid-August because of conflicting statements by FRG about possibility of revaluation and continued reserve losses by France. HK analysis is that a crisis will not happen that soon.

July 27
Pres. statement on Asian Development Bank - strong support for work of bank on context of US policy towards Asia.

Aug 5
Message to Congress transmitting annual report on operation of international coffee agreement.

Aug 8
11 percent devaluation of French franc.

• Treasury Sec. Kennedy wants Kiesinger to revalue, but won't pressure (telcon).

Aug 13
HK recommendation to Pres. that he agree that STR Gilbert be authorized to consult with Congress about trade legislation broadened beyond what Pres. discussed at NSC mtg on trade policy - i.e. authorization to consult on inclusion of non-tariff barriers (NTBs) in Pres. first trade legislation.

• Pres. mtg with Secretary Stans to discuss prospects of negotiating bilateral agreements on textiles from Japan (per Pres. decision not to seek multi-lateral agreement)

Aug 14
NSSM 71 asks review of policy governing access by foreign countries to advanced technologies with national security implications, e.g. nuclear reactors, ABM, advanced computers, etc.

Aug 16
HK memo to USC that Pres. directs it to consider paper on generalized tariff preferences for LDCs prepared in response to NSSM 48 and also coordinate US policy on preferences issue with overall position US will take toward Latin America at IA-ECOSOC mtgs

Aug 18
Arthur Burns gets Sec. Kennedy under control about pressing FRG to revalue (telcon)

Aug 30
HK memo to Pres. on imminent international monetary crisis recommends McCloy mission to FRG to urge revaluation as soon as possible after FRG elections and persuasion of UK and other weak countries to avoid unilateral action in meantime.

Sep 2 Pres. meets at San Clemente with Rudolph Peterson, head of task force on foreign aid. Peterson announced to this slot 9/2.

Sep 4 NSSM 72 creates ad hoc group on International Space Cooperation re friendly countries as well as USSR.

Sep 17 HK asks Tom Schelling to be staff director for Peterson task force. Schelling says he tied up.

Oct 6 HK directive to relevant agencies on Pres. task force on foreign aid urges agencies to cooperate given high priority attached to new approach to foreign policy problems.

Oct 8 Pres. approves HK recommendation on 1969 trade bill - the first formal indication of Nixon Admin. policy on trade (bill embodies April 9 NSC decisions).

Oct 13 Pres. special message to Congress on legislative reform includes section on reform of foreign aid.

Oct 16 HK meets with Rudolph Peterson and his task force to explain philosophy on foreign aid.

Oct 28 HK tells Stans to wait on decontrolling certain items until after Nov. 3 speech (telcon).

Oct 31 NSDM 29 on tarriff preferences for developing countries signed by HK following Pres. approval. USC had agreed on need for US to participate in preferences but issue washow liberal scheme should be. HK proposed "maximizing our foreign policy gains (announce liberal scheme) and minimize our domestic political risks (leave door opening to falling back on less liberal scheme)." Harlow, Erlichman, Flanigan concurred.

Nov 18 Pres. message to Congress on trade policy: "It is clear that the trade problems of the 1970s will differ significantly from those of the past..."

Nov 28 Pres. approves modest liberalization of controls on foreign investment by US firms and liberalization for investment in LDCs (per interest expressed in Latin American speech)

SOUTH ASIA - 1969

March 20 Presidential decision on aid for India.

May 23-27 Rogers visits to India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran (CENTO mtgs).

July 11 HK meets with American experts on India/Pakistan.

July 16 HK drops hint to Indian Amb. that reception had better be good when Nixon visits.

July 30-Aug 2 President in South Asia.

July 31 HK has tea in Delhi with Indian intellectuals.

Aug 1 HK backgrounder in Lahore notes US review of South Asian arms embargo. One side has arms industry, the other does not.

Sep 17 HK mtg with Indian For Min to receive latter's views on Vietnam.

Oct 8 NSSM 77 asks for program budgets for several Asian countries and India and Pakistan.

Oct 10 HK-Sher Ali Khan re PRC

Pres. mtg with Paks re food situation in East Pakistan but also PRC probe.

Oct 16 HK report to Pres. on HK mtg with Paks (Hilaly, Khan) and Pres. suggestion that Yahya indicate to Chou that US wants improved relations.

Oct 20 In response to Pres. reaction to a news item asserting that India doesn't care if US cuts off aid if Delhi moves to improve relations with North Vietnam, Pres. suggests that Congress "take on" the Indian ForMin on this.

Nov 7-10 Pak troops called out to suppress renewed rioting in Dacca.

Nov 25 RG considers NSSM 26 study on military supply for South Asia. Paper to be revised to consider question of resuming military aid to Pakistan.

* Aug 1 Pres-Yahya mtg in Lahore - discuss PRC

** Aug 28 Saunders to Hilaly re single channel on PRC

South Asia - 1969

Nov 29 Pres. approves moving ahead with third country transfer of tanks via Turkey for Pakistan.

Dec 18 Rogers has reservations about tanks for Pakistan, says Paks have sent men to Jordan. HK says Pres. promised it. (telcon)

Dec 19 HK-Hilaly re PRC.

Dec 20 Pres. letter to Yahya re PRC.

Dec 26 Agnew begins 25-day Asian trip to include South Asia.