Copy: Dr. Kissinger

21 October 1958

Dear Colonel Dupuy,

I am delighted to receive your letter of
14 October suggesting that you may be concerned in
establishing a Defense Studies project.

I believe that for your purposes the most
essential documents I can provide are the following:

1. our first report to the Ford
   Foundation;

2. a brief article which I wrote
   for the Harvard Law School
   Bulletin;

3. the current syllabus for the Course.

I assume you know that we have a collection
of several hundred pages of mimeographed material
which we provide to our students for reading throughout
the year. A copy of this collection can be had if you
wish it, together with the additional material we have
so far prepared this year.

All best wishes, and I do hope that you will
drop in on us if you are in the area.

Colonel R. Ernest Dupuy, USA, Ret.
RFD No. 3, Box 118
McLean, Virginia

P.S. I am sure you will understand that
I am intensely interested in your project. When
you can tell me the story about it, I hope you
will do so. One of the things of which I am most
proud is the degree to which our modest enterprise
has appeared to strike sparks elsewhere. W.B.L.

Please acknowledge to strikeAFE classes. W.S.R.
strong is the degree to which our modest enterprise
will go so. One of the things of which I am most
I am interested in your project. When
I am delighted to receive your letter of
honor. I am sure you will understand that

McLean, Virginia
RHD No. 3, Box 178
Coloney R. Ernest Dubry, USW, Ret.

W. Burton Besseb

Very sincerely,

drob in on me if you are in the area.

Will beat wishes, and I go to you that you will

so far prepared this year.
may it, together with the additional material we have
the year. A copy of this collection can be had it on
which we provide to our students for reading throughout
of several printed pages of handwritten material.

I shall know that we have a collection

3. the current affords for the course.

Birrellin;

for the Harvard Law School

S. a brief article which I made

Competition!

I, our little report to the Lord

essential documents I can provide are one following:

I believe that for your business the most

attracting a Defense Studies project.
19 October engineering that you will be concerned in

Dear Colonel Dubry,

SI (October 1928

Cody: Dr. Klaasiger

COL. R. ERNEST DUPUY, USA, RET.

RFD NO. 3, BOX 118
MCLEAN, VA.
PHONE: ELMWOOD 6-4697

14 October 1958

Brig. Gen. W. Barton Leach, USAFR,
Professor of Law,
Harvard University,
Cambridge, Mass.

Dear Bart:-

I have become involved in a discussion down here in relation to the possible establishment of an off-campus national defense study project.

In order to be able to discuss the matter intelligently I would like to be able to give a clear picture of the objectives and outline of the Harvard Defense Seminar which you so ably launched.

Would indeed appreciate it if you could procure for me such an outline.

I still hope that on some one of your visits to Washington you can find time to ring us up.

With all kind personal regards to Mrs. Leach and yourself, in which Laura joins,

Law School of Harvard University

Cambridge 38, Mass.

27 October 1958

Dear Henry,

In each previous year the Defense Policy
Seminar has had Sir John Slessor as a lecturer. In
the first of these years he also gave the Pollak
Lecture at the GSPA for which he got a fee of $1000.
In each of the subsequent three years he has received
no compensation and also (I think) no reimbursement
for expenses since he either stayed with me or with
Sam Morison and was transported by military aircraft.

As you know, Jack Slessor's tendency is to
deal with the military situation with a very heavy
ingredient of foreign policy; and he is very forth-
right indeed in his views and manner of expression.
The question is whether you and Bob Bowie want to in-
vite him this year. I should think that he would be
a natural for the Center as well as for the Seminar,
and indeed for the Faculty Seminar. But I have no
interest in this one way or the other and I am merely
calling this to your attention. He comes to the U.S.
once or twice a year under arrangements with the War
Colleges and the RAF; and it has been our practice to
ride on the coat-tails of these other enterprises. He
is also a consultant for General Dynamics, and ties in
with them at the same time. If you wanted him, the
thing to do would be to write him at Rimpton Manor,
Yeovil, Somerset, England, asking when he plans to
come here and whether he can fit us in. I should also
hope that if you are now paying your guests, you would
also compensate him at the fee rate, whatever it is;
he definitely needs the money.

Mrs. John Carter Vincent of 6 Garden Terrace,
Cambridge, has phoned me asking whether he will be

Cambridge 38, Mass.

3 December 1958

Dear Henry,

Please note the enclosed "Carnegie Corporation Quarterly" for October, 1958, dealing with Kitner's book (page 1), Fox's outfit at Columbia (page 4), Masland and Radway's project at Dartmouth (page 6) and The Defense Policy Seminar at Wisconsin (page 6).

I suppose we are not entitled to kick
to Jim Perkins, since we are not a Carnegie
beneficiary -- but, by damn, the least he might
have done was to have given us a footnote.

The obvious additional thought occurs
to me: Why should we not be recipients of Carnegie
largess? Are we considered to be damaged goods
by virtue of our previous contact with Ford?

enclosure

Carnegie Corporation
Quarterly, October 1958

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Director, Harvard Defense Studies Program
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge, Massachusetts

4 December 1958

Dear Don,

Here are two more items for your clip file
on Harry Ransom -- a review in The Boston Herald and
an article by Harry in The Christian Science Monitor,
both on December 1.

It does not come as a surprise to me that
Ohio State University is wooing Harry. They need him,
and they have a big wad of dough by which they can pay
him any amount that will not disrupt their faculty
morale by offering unusual inducements to an outsider.

How greatly Harvard values Ransom is a matter
for decision basically by Henry Kissinger, Bob Bowie,
and yourself. My personal evaluation is high; if I was
still running this Program I would consider it a serious
blow if Harry should leave.

This is the time of year when decisions have
to be made. I am aware of the factor of money for the
future and of the complexities of our academic bureuc-
racy. But, if Henry wants this man, I urge you to take
every possible step to overcome the financial and
bureaucratic obstacles.

Enclosures 2

Mr. Donald K. Price
Dean, Graduate School of Public Administration
Littauer 121

Copy: Dr. Henry A. Kissinger

Cob: Dr. Henry V. Krasinger

Attorney at Law
Dean's Graduate School of Law
Administration
Mr. Donald K. Brier

Enclosures S

Professor

W. Burton Beach

Yours sincerely,

pursuant to acta ceded.
every possible to overcome the financial and
used. But, if Henry wants to pay me, I agree to take
future and of the complexities of our academic pureness
to be made. I am aware of the factor of money for the
life is the time of her when geotone gave

flow if Henry should come.

still running that program I would consider it a serious
and important. My personal evaluation is high; if I was
for geotone cooperation by Henry Krasinger, Fred Brier,
How Greatly Harvard Aimes Bensom is a matter

worse if offering numerical inducements to an outcast.
and they have a pig way of doing it when they can help
Ohio State University is working hard. They need him.
It does not come as a compliment to me that

both on December 1.
an article by Harry in The Christian Science Monitor,
on Henry Bensom -- a review in The Boston Herald and
Here are two more items for your ciff life

Dear Don,

14 December 1958

Cambridge 38, Mass.

9 December 1958

Dear Henry,

The enclosed copy of letter from "Cat"
Brown might prove useful at some time in the future,
especially the remarks about the "stimulating ex-
change of ideas."

People often ask what the Seminar is and
who we have there as lecturers. During the last four
years and a half we have had quite an impressive list.
Would it not be a good idea to prepare such a list,
arranged alphabetically, and have it mimeographed?
I think this would be particularly useful to slip into
any letter in which you are inviting a guest. There
would be very few indeed who would not be glad to have
his name included in the next edition of the list.
I think we are almost at the point where an invitation
to lecture here constitutes a recognition of distinc-
tion in the field. Of course, we have made a few
mistakes, and I see no reason to include the names, for
example, John G. Norris and that boob of a British
Major General who was palmed off on us last year.

enc. ltr. 2 Dec. 1958 from CB to WBL

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Director, Harvard Defense Studies Program
6 Divinity Avenue
Harvard University

Cambridge 38, Mass.

30 December 1958

Dear Henry,

You will recall that, last July after
consulting you, I asked Norstad to find out whether
Monty might come here for half a year. Monty
replied (letter of 24 July, Monty to Norstad) he
could not come for as much as a half a year but would
consider a week in September or October 1959.

I have just written to Monty on other
matters and have said the following:

"On 24 July you wrote to Larry Norstad with reference to an inquiry by me whether you might come to us at Harvard for something like half a year. You then said 'I would be prepared to lend a hand from here under suitable conditions; or even to visit Harvard for about one week in September or October 1959 - but no more.' I wish to assure you that this possibility is very much in our minds; but at the moment we are out of money and are trying to arrange some permanent financing. I could hope that our financial problem would be solved and that we could then explore this matter further."

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Director, Defense Studies Program
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge 38, Massachusetts

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

GRADUATE SCHOOL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

*Defense Studies Program*

2 DIVINITY AVE.
CAMBRIDGE 38, MASS.

Leach to Kissinger

After we've got our new dough wouldn't it
be a good idea for the Program to have
an Xmas card? We have quite a group of
"clients" now -- and it might be a very
good investment.

Furthermore, if the names of the staff
were included, this would be a great
morale-booster.

["Law School of Harvard University\n\nCambridge 38, Mass.", "23", "5 January 1959", "Dear Henry,", "Please note the attached\ncopy of letter from Trevor Dupuy's\nfather and my reply thereto.\nPerhaps you would be good enough\nto write Dupuy when you come back\nfrom Europe.", "encs. 2", "Copy - ltr. 3 Nov. Col.D. to WBL\n"      ltr. 5 Jan. WBL to Col. D.", "Dr. Henry A. Kissinger\nDirector, Defense Studies Program\n6 Divinity Avenue\nCambridge, Massachusetts"]

C O P Y

Col. R. Ernest Dupuy, USA, Ret.

RFD No. 3, Box 118
McLean, Va.

Phone: ELMwood 6-4687

3 November 1958

Brig. Gen. W. Barton Leach, USAFR,
Law School of Harvard University,
Cambridge 38, Mass.

Dear Bart:-

Thanks indeed for your kind letter and prompt
assistance. The material was just what I wanted.

Here is the picture:-

Melvin Ryder (check him in Who's Who) is president
of the Army Times Publishing Co.; his chain includes the Army,
Navy, Air Force Register, on which I'm an associate editor with
a weekly column.

Mel has put up to me his thoughts on a defense studies
program and asked that I explore the situation. He visualized a
series of lectures sponsored by the Register, and carried on the
air by TV or radio; objective: To broaden the horizon of officers
of all the services. (Max Taylor has had the same thought; he
has expressed it in his 34-book Contemporary Reading Program,
just launched by the Army.)

Mel, thinking further, visualized some interested
university taking over the affair as an off-campus course on
national defense policy, for which students would receive some
university credit. In such case, the Register would carry con-
densations of the lectures, and would also advertise the course.

As soon as Mel took this up with me I sounded off on the
Harvard Defense Studies Program as being the outstanding university
effort in this field. Hence my desire to be able to put chapter
and verse before him.

No need for me to tell you that as yet Mel's thoughts
are still nebulous. He is hunting for ways and means to assist
in the stimulation of national defense policy knowledge. Also, as
a newspaper publisher, to ensure that his papers take some active
part in the program. Both objectives are laudable and honest.

bart in the program. Both objectives are fundamental and potent.

a newspaper publisher, to ensure that the papers take some active
in the affirmation of national defense policy knowledge. Xiao, as
are still depopulated. He is hunting for work and means to satisfy
No need for me to tell you that as yet Mei's thoughts
and ideas before him.

effort in this field. Hence my desire to be able to put chapter
Harvard Defense Studies Program as being the outstanding university
Va soon as Mei took this up with me. I arranged all on the
generations of the features, and would also adventuie the course.
university credit. In such case, the Regifter would carry con-
national defense policy, for which students would receive some
university taking over the affair as an off-camp use course on
Mei, thinking further, realized some interested

that launched by the Army.)

has expressed it in his 3th-book Contemporary Reading Program,
of all the services. (Max Taylor has had the same thought; he
air by TV or radio; objective: To broaden the horizon of officers
series of features sponsored by the Regifter, and carried on the
program and asked that I explore the situation. He realized a
Mei has but no to me his thoughts on a defense studies
a weekly column.

Navy, Air Force Register, on which I'm an associate editor with
of the Army Times Publishing Co.; his chain includes the Army,
Meyau Rager (check him in Who's Who) is president

Here is the picture:-

satisfaction. The material was that what I wanted.
Thanks indeed for your kind letter and prompt

Dear Bart:-

Cambridge 38, Mass.
Law School of Harvard University,
Brtg. Gen. W. Barton Leach, NAVR.

3 November 1958

Phone: EIMwood 6-1483
McLean, Va.

RED No. 3, Box 118

Coj. R. Ernest Dubny, USA, Ret.

C O P Y

- 2 -

From my personal point of view I would like nothing better than to see the proceedings of the Harvard DSP publicized week by week in the Register, and thus reach a wide domestic and overseas military audience. To me, this would be preferable to any attempt to start a program from scratch.

However, I'm exploring all angles. So, if you can spare the time, I would appreciate from you your unvarnished opinion of the pros and cons of Ryder's basic ideas.

\a\ Dubny

Cordially,

opinion of the bros and cons of Rager's basic ideas.
above the time, I would appreciate from you your unimpressed
However, I'm exploring all angles. So, if you can

to send attempt to start a program from scratch.
and overseas military audience. To me, this would be preferable
week p.d. week in the Regtater, and thus reach a wide domestic
better than to see the proceedings of the Harvard D.B. published
From my personal point of view I would like nothing

- 5 -

5 January 1959

Colonel R. Ernest Dupuy
RFD No. 3, Box 118
McLean, Virginia

Dear Colonel Dupuy,

I feel terribly about my delay in answering your very interesting letter of 3 November. But I have had my troubles -- I was in the hospital myself at that time, and very shortly after I got out my daughter had a very serious automobile accident and we have been very much upset. However, everybody is now on the mend.

I do indeed believe that something can be done along the line that Mr. Ryder suggests. I don't quite know how to go about it, but I am certainly willing to do my best to help out.

How far we at Harvard can help is something that I am not now in a position to answer. Dr. Henry A. Kissinger is now Director of this Program, and he is in Germany until sometime in February. We would have two problems: (1) finance, and (2) personnel. It is possible that we could make a significant contribution to it, but probably we would not be able to do it until next September. However, I am sending your letter along to Henry Kissinger for further reply by him when he gets back.

To give you an idea that this is not a new thought to us but that we have not yet found the resources necessary to put such a thing into effect, I will tell you that the Boston Herald has offered us space for a column on military affairs if we will undertake to write one on a regular basis -- perhaps once a week, maybe twice. But we have not yet seen our way clear to taking on this kind of a commitment. Perhaps things will be easier next year.

In any event, the best of Seasons Greetings

Copy: H. H. Ransom

19 January 1959

Dr. Louis Morton
Office of the Chief of Military
History
Department of the Army
Washington, D. C.

Dear Dr. Morton,

I enclose a copy of my review of Monty's
Memoirs in the Airman's Bookshelf. I assume that you
are familiar with the review in the current issue of
ARMY.

There is one thing that puzzles me about the
controversy as to the break-out plan from the OVERLORD
Beach-head: Ike, Monty, and Bradley all deal with this
(Bradley supporting Monty's position) but none of them
quoting the operational plan of XXI Army Group on the
issue whether Monty was supposed to hold at Caen or to
break out toward Paris. One of my students here has
tried to locate the plan in the Pentagon and has been
told that it is in your office. If this is true, could
you let me have the relevant quotation from the plan
which would indicate what Monty's assigned mission was?

Word comes to me through the grapevine that
the Rockefeller people have asked you to do a survey of
military study programs in American universities. I
think this is a fine thing; and I hope that when you come
up here to look us over you will let me know in advance
so that I may have some time free to talk with you. I
am particularly anxious that you should spend enough
time here to get the real flavor of this operation. I
have no further official connection with it, but never-
theless continue to spend quite a bit of time on it; and
I am the only one who has been with it from the outset.
We have been pretty annoyed at some people -- particularly
Larry Radway in a talk he gave to the American Political
Science Association in September 1958, who have under-
taken to describe and characterize what we are doing
without taking the trouble to find out at first hand.

Dr. Louis Morton

- 2 -

19 January 1959

For this reason I am particularly happy that a
survey is being undertaken by someone like yourself under
conditions where a thorough job can be done.

I remember with pleasure and admiration the
Army Historical Program that you and Trevor Dupuy ran at
Ohio State. I thought that was a fine thing at the time
and I feel that somehow it ought to be continued. I also
think that the Air Force and the Navy should pick up the
same thing; but these rigid expenditure ceilings have a
tendency to knock out budding intellectual enterprises
which compete for dollars with manpower and hardware.

WBL:has
enclosure

NOTICE TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE CENTER AND THE DEFENSE STUDIES PROGRAM

Cambridge 38, Mass.

Statement by W. Barton Leach, Feb. 4, 1959

A distressing incident has occurred which I must call to the attention of the members of the Seminar, the members of the Center, and guests.

Despite clear statements that this course is conducted on the basis that no statements made in it can be quoted outside the academic walls, a certain person or persons did report proceedings of the Seminar to departmental superiors in Washington. The report was made in such a way that, although the discussion reported was entirely the product of a guest lecturer, the inference was drawn that it had been made by members of the Seminar or of the Center. The result was an interdepartmental protest and completely unjustified admonitions to members of the Seminar and of the Center. Furthermore, this report in Washington was made without notice to Professor Bowie, Dr. Kissinger or me, with the result that we obtained only third-hand information about it which required considerable effort to track down. It is particularly distressing that this violated assurances to the guest lecturer. I consider it an aggravating factor that the offense was committed by one who is not enrolled in this Seminar and who therefore has the status and obligations of a guest.

If any person feels that, either as a matter of personal compulsion or official duty, he must disclose his attendance at this Seminar of this Seminar he should withdraw if a member, or cease to attend if a guest.

March 26, 1959

Professor W. Barton Leach
Langdell Hall
Harvard

Dear Bart:

This is a note to follow up our conversation yesterday
about Air Force participation in the Center. As the matter
stands now, Bob has written on February 10th to General White
who passed it on to General Gerhart who in turn has approved it
and sent it on to General O'Donnell, who I understand will make
the final decision. Needless to say, I consider Air Force
participation in the Center of the first importance not only
for what the officer will get out of it but also for the
contribution he can make. I think Johnny Vogt's role here
this year has been invaluable. In this connection it may
also be important to point out that the Army and Navy have
already designated officers to come here, both of whom look
excellent. Moreover, we are under strong pressure from the
Marines to take one of their officers. Since our places
are limited to three, however, I would prefer to have an Air
Force participant. Could you use your influence?

Pls. I have just found out that they will be sending someone,
and the only thing remaining is to designate him.

LAW SCHOOL
MEMORANDUM

FROM Leach
To Kissinger

I suppose you know of the Milton Fund.
We milked it for $5000 in our first year.
With a little ingenuity -- plus a couple of
contacts at the Medical School -- you
might be able to do this again.

["April 3, 1959", "Memorandum to the Faculty,", "A memorandum giving notice of the Milton Fund's readiness\nto consider Faculty requests for grants reads as follows:", "MEMORANDUM", "\"The Milton Fund Committee plans shortly to consider re-\nquests for support of research for the next fiscal year. Ap-\nplications received in the Office of the Committee on Research\nand Development by April 25, 1959, will be reviewed at the Com-\nmittee's meeting on May 14th.", "\"Forms to be used in connection with application to the\nWilliam F. Milton Fund are available at this office. These should\nbe submitted in eight copies to permit immediate distribution to\nall members of the Committee. We will be pleased to supply you\nwith copies of these forms at your request. Call Mrs. Hubbard at\nthe Medical School, extension 60.", "\"The members of the Committee would be most appreciative\nif you would see to it that the various individuals in your de-\npartment are made aware of both the availability of these funds,\nthe date for submitting applications, and the restrictions which\nhave been placed upon their use.", "\"I should like to take this opportunity to remind you\nagain that requests for funds not exceeding $500 -- 'The Milton\nFund Small Grants Program' -- may be made at any time during the\nyear and will be acted upon within a week or ten days. Applica-\ntions for these small grants should be made by letter in four\ncopies.", "Henry C. Meadow\nExecutive Secretary\nCommittee on Research and\nDevelopment\n25 Shattuck Street\nBoston 15, Massachusetts\"}, "During the current year, three of our members, Professors\nBerman, von Mehren, and Trautman have received Milton Fund grants.\nApplication forms must be processed through the Dean's Office early\nenough to meet the deadline of April 25, 1959. Applications re-\nceived after that date will be reviewed at the fall meeting of\nthe Milton Fund Committee, usually in October.", "In awarding Milton Fund grants, emphasis is being placed\non assisting the type of research which does not readily find out-\nside agency support, and defraying those costs of research which\nare not usually paid by the conventional grant-in-aid. This must"]

Cambridge 38, Mass.

8 April 1959

Dear Henry,

I have just got a call from Stu Symington with reference to the talk you gave to the group of Senators on Tuesday evening, April 7. He telephoned solely for the purpose of telling me that you did a magnificent job and made a terrific impression. After the meeting was over the consensus was that there should be a lot more of this sort of thing by people equally qualified.

Cambridge 38, Mass.

9 April 1959

Dear Henry,

Enclosed are five copies of
speeches by Stu Symington. Please
return these in due course. No
hurry.

As I told you over the phone,
Maury doubtless has a substantial
file of these. I have passed many
to him.

W. Barton Leach
Professor of Law

enclosures 5

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Center for International Affairs
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge, Massachusetts

Copy: HHR

HARVARD UNIVERSITY
Graduate School of Public Administration
Defense Studies Program

6

10 April 1959

Dear Larry,

Noting your testimony yesterday on behalf
of foreign military aid, I return to the hope that
you can come to us sometime after September 1 for a
talk to our Seminar on Defense Policy.

Doubtless you will also be invited to Ohio
State if an invitation has not already been extended.
As you know, they are simply loaded with dough--which
we unfortunately are not. So perhaps you might let
us ride on their financial coat-tails. Of course we
can pay expenses for you, and also for Isabel if she
joins you.

On the issue of honorarium I don't think
you ought to be shy unless a regulation is involved.
Monty consistently accepted goodly sums in his various
lecture tours here; and, since you are a NATO officer
as he was, I see no reason for discrimination.

Whatever arrangement Ohio State makes
(other than financial) we can duplicate so that two
preparations will not be involved. That is, we can
provide simply an off-the-cuff sit-down seminar
session (40 Seminar members plus about 35 university
faculty guests) or a Monty-type stand-up lecture
(about 600, all from within the University). Date
and hour at your convenience, excluding only 0900 to
1300 Monday through Saturday.

General Lauris Norstad
SHAPE
APO 55
New York, New York

New York, New York
V60 22
SHARE
General J. Francis Morris

W. Berton Leech

Very sincerely,

1200 Mongus throughly understanding, and from all your convenience, excepting only 0800 to (spont 000, all from within the University). Please notify me (and a Mound-type attendance register) or a Mound-type attendance register (10 Seminar members will be present 32 universit) provide simply an out-of-the-way at-the-end of the seminar prehearsals will not be involved. That is, we can (other than financial) we can publish arrangement Ohio State makes as he was. I see no reason for discrimination. Attendance here; and, since you are a NATO officer, Mound consistently accepted freely among us in the Mound you opt to be paid unless a regulation is involved. On the issue of honorarium I don't think you know.

Johns, don't think you will be invited to Ohio

can also expenses for don's and also for leech if she
is ride on their financial costs-fare. Of course we
we unfortunately are not. So perhaps you might let
you know, they are simply lodged with double--which
state it an invitation has not already been extended.
Do not think you will also be invited to Ohio

talk to our Seminar on Defense Policy.
You can come to us sometime after September 1 for a
to be foreign will be able. I return to the home date
Noting your testimony desired on behalf

Dear Jerry,

10 April 1968

Defense Studies Program

Graduate School of Public Administration
HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Copy: HHR

- 2 -

standard materials sent out from Washington for study and discussion, that in the Sessions where these materials were used the unprecedented phenomenon appeared of a large number of the officers continuing the discussion after the prescribed training period was over, and that he had forwarded these materials to the Department of the Navy with a recommendation that they be used more widely for Reserve training. A regular Navy Captain who is a graduate of the National War College seconded this proposal strongly, stated that the great need in Reserve units of all the services was "motivational material" and that he considered that the DSP material was practically ideal for this purpose. An Army Colonel asked whether it would not be possible for the Program to adapt DSP materials (specifically, as examples, our long papers on the Korean War and on strategic mobility) to the needs of Reserve units by adding to them a list of questions for discussion based upon the existing materials.

4. A Law student made a very thoughtful and obviously well prepared statement to the effect that an additional course ought to be added to the Defense Studies Program dealing with a number of subjects considerably broader than those related to the Department of Defense. He offered as a tentative title of the course, "Aspects of the World Struggle With The Communist Bloc." He felt that, neither in Washington nor in our academic treatment, were really long-range problems being considered. For example, he has been unable to find any serious discussion of the possible methods by which we hope to see the world struggle ended or of the conditions that might end it. Is it to our interests to suppress the Soviet economy so far as we can, or is it to our interest to raise the Soviet economy and the living standard of the Russian people to the point where Russians can look the world unashamedly in the face instead of suppressing real knowledge of what goes on outside of Russia and alternately lying to and frightening their populations?

-3-

5. An Officer asked whether our materials were automatically distributed to the various service schools and colleges and key officers in the services. He felt that we ought to put on our distribution list every flag and general officer in the services. He recommended that selected items be sent to them — never so bulky as to repel interest, but often enough to maintain continuity. (We explained to him that we did make distribution to the service schools and colleges, but that the kind of distribution he recommended was well beyond our financial and administrative capabilities.)

6. Several students stated that, although the work required in this course was at least equal to any other course they were taking, they were prepared to do even more and made specific suggestions as to additional burdens they would be willing to assume.

I should add that at the end of the hour a rising ovation was given to Henry Kissinger which went far beyond the traditional polite applause at the end of a course.

Finally, you will recall that this year for the first time we have given a three-hour examination in the middle of the year as well as requiring extra sessions every other week and a long paper in the second term. This examination requirement in the middle of the year is unknown to the Law School, and so also are the extra sessions. In spite of this fact we have already twenty-nine Law students for next year who have given the Defense Policy Seminar as the first choice in the list of five which they are required to submit. We can take only half this number without overloading the Seminar with Law students and depriving the course of its University-wide character. Also, for the first time, we have received a substantial number of applicants from civilians in the Business School. And the applicants from military officers in the Business School comprise a number far above our ability to accept. With a limit of forty students in the Seminar (certainly all we can handle without turning it into a lecture course) the applicants now number fifty-five, and the GSPA, the GSAS, and the special students at the Center still to be heard from.

I consider these circumstances an outstanding

special students at the Center still to be held from.
number little-lived, and the GBA, the GBA2, and the
out turning it into a feature course) the abscissa now
students in the Seminar (certainly all we can handle with-
spoke our ability to see it). With a limit of teny
officers in the Business School comprise a number tsr
Business School. And the abscissa then mittens
apparent number of abscissa from which in the
character. 'Yao,' for the first time, we have received a
students and debating the course of its University-wide
this number at present overcoming the Seminar with few
which PhD are required to submit. We can take only half
Bollich Seminar as the first choice in the first of the
nine law students for next year who have given the Defense
seasons. In spite of this fact we have already twenty-
months to the law school, and so sfc are the extra
Type examination requirement in the middle of the year is
even after one week and a long vacation in the second term.
Middle of the year as well as requiring extra sessions
that time we have given a three-pom examination in the
Husky, you will recall that this year for the

a course.

tsr belong the traditional Politeknisse at the end of
training aviation was given to Henry Klaassen which went
I should add that at the end of the term a


willing to serve.

Abilities as to additional purposes they would be
prepared to go even more and use a specific
to all other courses they were taking, they were
the work required in this course was at least equal
to several students stated that, although

abroad in Germany.

was well beyond our financial and administrative
distribution to the service schools and colleges,
uniformity. (We explained to him that we did make
rebel interest, put often enough to maintain con-
tacts be sent to them -- never so publicly as to
in the services. He recommended that selected
distribution flat every fifth and general officer
the services. He left that to him to put on our
service schools and colleges and key officers in
were automatically distributed to the aeronauts.
2. An officer asked another officer our materials

- 3 -

Cambridge 38, Mass.

7 May 1959

MEMORANDUM TO DR. KISSINGER

Subject: W. B. Leach, External Activities.

In the past we have kept a list of the public
appearances which our Staff has made as an indication
of (a) the demand for discussion of defense problems
and (b) the status in this regard of the Defense Studies
Staff.

The following items should be added to the list:

1. 3 May 1959, Professor Leach, Phillips Exeter Academy Senate, lecture on "Structure of the U. S. Armed Services: Defects and Remedies."

2. 6 May 1959, Professor Leach, West Point Association of New England, address on "Methods of Assuring Continuity of Civilian Leadership in the Pentagon."

3. 27 May 1959, Professor Leach, Society of Military Engineers, address on "Methods of Assuring Continuity of Civilian Leadership in the Pentagon."

WBL:has

Prof. Henry A. Kissinger
Director, Harvard Defense Studies Program
6 Divinity Avenue

11 May 1959

Dear Livvy,

Thanks for the copy of your letter to
Henry Kissinger as to financing the DPS in 1959-60.

For the record I should like to state a
few things about this Seminar as it was conducted
this year.

1. A year ago Erwin made it clear that he expected my return to full-time duties in regular Law School courses to represent a real change of polarity of my interests and activities. I agreed with him completely and have adhered to this principle in letter and spirit. Nevertheless, I have been active in the Seminar, have attended nearly all the sessions, have given one lecture, and I am reading the student papers of the Law students who are members of the Seminar.

2. This year the Seminar added the requirement of a three-hour mid-year examination in addition to the previous work required.

3. The Law School members of the Seminar have worked out extremely well and have particularly impressed my Colleague Henry Kissinger who has directed the Seminar.

4. Law School interest in the Seminar seems to be on the increase. We have thirty-one applicants who have made the Seminar their first choice in their list of five. We are having to hold down Law School participation to a quota of fifteen, since we also service the Business School, the GSPA and the GSAS. Incidentally, we have restricted participation of military officers on active service

to 40% of the Seminar membership; this is causing pro-
test among military students at the Business School, a
matter which we are at a loss to resolve satisfactorily.

5. We have continued to find that we can have a guest lecturers practically anyone we want. For next fall we have a firm acceptance from General Norstad, and it may well be that we will want to put on another large session for him such as we did for Field Marshal Montgomery.

6. Through the combined efforts of Bob Bowie and Henry Kissinger with an assist from me, we have established the precedent that each of the three services will send, for exclusive study in the Center for International Affairs and the Defense Studies Program, one exceptionally qualified officer at the colonel level. The three officers we have this year made outstanding contributions to the Seminar and, I think, also made a fine impression on the Law students and especially in the matter of providing incentive for quite sophisticated discussion of the problems.

7. Several of the papers submitted by Law students are really first class and will be deposited in the Library in accordance with the established faculty policy.

Dean Livingston Hall
Harvard Law School
Langdell Hall

Copy: Dr. Henry L. Kissinger

PERSONAL

22 May 1959

Dean Donald K. Price
Graduate School of Public Administration
Littauer 121

Dear Don,

In a talk with Henry Kissinger yesterday I learned
that (a) one-half of Maury Feld's salary is to be charged to
the Center, and presumably he will be expected to work for
the Center half of the time, (b) Deirdre Henderson is not to
be replaced, (c) Frank Balch, who is available as a Teaching
Fellow if we want him, is not to be retained and there will
be no substitute as a Teaching Fellow.

This seems to me a shocking state of affairs for
the following reason. We shall have a larger Seminar than
ever before due to the enormous pressure from the Law School
and the Business School, resulting from the high repute of
the Seminar in these two Schools as a result of this year's
performance. Deirdre Henderson and Frank Balch took up a
great part of the load of day-to-day administration and con-
tacts with students. This will now necessarily fall on Harry
Ransom. And if Harry carries this load he will simply not be
able to do any productive work or keep up with the flood of
literature, official and other, on this very complex subject.
Harry is a real producer, as witness his book on Central
Intelligence. Furthermore, his compendious knowledge of the
sources and his ability to maintain current knowledge of
what is going on in the field has made it possible for him
to put out a syllabus for next year which is an outstanding
piece of work -- and will undoubtedly be reproduced by one
of the War Colleges for official use. (This syllabus is
much more than a course outline. It is a brilliant and dis-
criminating bibliography of a type which is simply not
available anywhere else.) It is a crying shame to have a
man with these capabilities so loaded with day-to-day
trifling administrative tasks capable of being performed by
a non-professional that he is unable to do the work of which
he is capable. I cannot believe that he will be willing to
have his time wasted on this sort of thing for any con-
siderable period, and his reputation in the field is now
such that I should expect him to get other offers which he

Dean Don K. Price

would not feel that he could decline.

Not only does this decrease in personnel impose
low-grade burdens on Harry, but it will reduce the entire con-
cept of the Defense Studies Program to the level of "just
another Seminar". I know that there are those who so conceive
it at the present time, but they simply do not know what they
are talking about when they say this. The Program has demon-
strated its validity and vitality by its published product as
well as by the enthusiasm and loyalty of the students who
have taken the Seminar. Only we here know of this latter
factor; to the outside world of scholarship and Defense, it
is the published product that counts. Thus, by choking off
Harry's productivity, the stature of the Program is automatically
reduced.

There is another factor, which I should prefer not
to mention at this time because it concerns a project which has
not yet matured. However, I think I had better mention it.
Negotiations are now taking place between the incoming
President of the American Bar Association and the Secretary
of Defense, which, if I were to make a prediction, will
probably lead to the Department of Defense offering a contract
to the Defense Studies Program to perform an important public
serve on a compensated basis, which service the Staff of the
Program is uniquely qualified to perform. The timing of the
matter is such that this job will have to be initiated fairly
promptly after 1 September 1959. If we have so hamstrung
ourselves in personnel that we cannot take this on, we shall
have done a disservice to the country, we shall have deprived
Harvard of what I believe to be a great opportunity of
public service, and we shall have come close to dealing a
lethal blow to the Defense Studies Program. I will be glad
to discuss this project between the ABA and DOD if you desire.

I do not know enough about the relationships be-
tween Harvard University and the Ford Foundation to know
whether Ford would consider that there had been any breach of
faith in the under-nourishment that is proposed for the DSP.
But I think I should call your attention to the fact that our
original presentation to Ford, on the basis of which they
made us a grant of $214,000, projected this Program as
beginning with the Defense Policy Seminar and expanding from
there. In fact, this is what we did. We first added an
Advanced Seminar on Comparative Defense Administration (U.S.,
U.K., France, Soviet Union, Canada). Then we added an under-
graduate course in Modern Military History entitled
"Emergence of the United States as a World Military Power."

Dean Don K. Price

We also represented that the Program would make significant
contributions to public understanding of the problems of
defense; and this too we have accomplished through Stanley's
book, Ransom's book, and the present collection of published
and mimeographed materials. Now, however, we propose to take,
solely for administrative and budgetary reasons, steps which
will freeze the Program into a single seminar and choke off
the possibility of future publications and preparation of
mimeographed materials. Courses are now being given at West
Point and at the Air Force Academy based upon our materials
and conducted by our former students, and the vitality of
these courses derive in large part from the up-to-dateness of
our materials and upon a constant flow of new materials. We
also provide the life blood for defense policy seminars at
other universities. I simply cannot believe that Harvard is
justified in letting this enterprise here wither on the vine
(and there is no other way to describe what is happening)
and to initiate an inevitable withering process in these
other enterprises, governmental and academic, which signifi-
cantly depend on what we do here. I cannot believe that it
is right for us to start this thing in the conviction that
there was a serious need, find that we were capable of doing
the job and filling the need, and then drop it. What I think
is not awfully important, but what do you think, and what will
your Visiting Committee think?

As to administrative detail my views are these.
It is probably alright for Maury Feld to expand his
activities into the area of the Center, provided that Bob
Bowie exercises self-restraint in imposing duties upon him
which will prevent him from performing his function in the
DSP. I doubt that it is right to reduce the female adminis-
trative staff by fifty percent, thus leaving the Program with
one secretary whereas, during the three years of the Ford
money, there was an administrative assistant and two secretaries.
I know it is wrong to eliminate the one remaining Teaching
Fellow when we started with four, then reduced it to two, then
to one. If anybody (and I will name no names) wants to kill
this enterprise, reduce it to a pedestrian "just another
seminar" and choke off its inherent and proven capability of
expanding to meet the national and academic need, this is the
way to do it.

Loathing as I do all things related to administration
and money raising, I am in no position to suggest what you
should do. I know there are problems of academic politics.

Dean Don K. Price

I know there are problems of money. But I also know that the Defense Studies Program has a high reputation in the biggest Department of Government, that this Department sends a substantial number of students to Harvard University and to the GSPA, and that the people who send these students here might well take a poor view of the strangulation of this Program. I do not know what was said or promised to you when you took this job; but if the University, by some means or other, cannot protect this project from disaster, what is the position of the GSPA or your position as the Dean of it? If this one goes, what goes next?

I hope you will not be offended by the tone of this letter, but I must write as I feel.

WBL:has

PERSONAL

Copy: Henry Kissinger

PERSONAL

26 May 1959

Dean Don K. Price
Graduate School of Public Administration
Littauer 121

Dear Don,

In a talk with Henry Kissinger yesterday I learned that (a) one-half of Maury Feld's salary is to be charged to the Center, and presumably he will be expected to work for the Center half of the time, (b) Deirdre Henderson is not to be replaced, (c) Frank Balch, who is available to continue as a Teaching Fellow, is not to be retained and there will be no substitute as a Teaching Fellow.

This seems to me a shocking state of affairs for the following reason. We shall have a larger Seminar than ever before due to the pressure from the Law School and the Business School resulting from the high repute of the Seminar in these two Schools on the basis of this year's performance. Deirdre Henderson, Maury Feld, and Frank Balch took up a great part of the load of day-to-day administration and contacts with students. This will now necessarily fall on Harry Ransom. And if Harry carries this load he will not be able to do any productive work or keep up with the flood of literature, official and other, on this very complex subject. Harry is a real producer, as witness his book on Central Intelligence. Furthermore, his compendious knowledge of the sources and his ability to maintain current knowledge of what is going on in the field has made it possible for him to put out a syllabus for next year which is an outstanding piece of work -- and will undoubtedly be reproduced by one of the War Colleges for official use. (This syllabus is much more than a course outline. It is a brilliant and discriminating bibliography of a type which is simply not available anywhere else.) It is a crying shame to have a man with these capabilities so loaded with day-to-day trifling administrative tasks, capable of being performed by non-professionals, that he is unable to do the work of which he is capable. I cannot believe that he will be willing to have his time

Dean Don K. Price

wasted on this sort of thing for any considerable period,
and his reputation in the field is now such that I should
expect him to get other offers which he would not feel
that he could decline.

Not only does this decrease in personnel impose
onerous low-grade burdens on Harry, but it will reduce
the entire concept of the Defense Studies Program. The
Program has demonstrated its validity and vitality by
its published product as well as by the enthusiasm of
the students who have taken the Seminar. Only we here
know of this latter factor; to the outside world of
scholarship and Defense, it is the published product that
counts. Thus, by choking off Harry's productivity, the
stature of the Program is automatically reduced.

There is another factor, which I should prefer
not to mention at this time because it concerns a project
which has not yet matured. However, I think I had better
mention it. Negotiations are now taking place between
the incoming President of the American Bar Association
and the Secretary of Defense, which, if I were to make a
prediction, will probably lead to the Department of
Defense offering a contract to the Defense Studies Program
to perform an important public service on a compensated
basis, which service the Staff of the Program is uniquely
qualified to perform. The timing of the matter is such
that this job will have to be initiated fairly promptly
after 1 September 1959. If we have so hamstrung ourselves
in personnel that we cannot take this on, we shall have
done a disservice to the country, we shall have deprived
Harvard of what I believe to be a great opportunity of
public service, and we shall have come close to dealing
a lethal blow to the Defense Studies Program. I will be
glad to provide details on this project if you desire.

I think I should call your attention to the
fact that our original presentation to Ford, on the basis
of which they made us a grant of $214,000, projected this
Program as *beginning* with the Defense Policy Seminar and
*expanding* from there. In fact, this is what we did. We
first added an Advanced Seminar on Comparative Defense
Administration (U.S., U.K., France, Soviet Union, Canada).
Then we added an undergraduate course in Modern Military
History entitled "Emergence of the United States as a
World Military power." We also represented to Ford that
the Program would make significant contributions to

Dean Don K. Price

3. **Teaching Fellow.** I know that elimination of a teaching fellow is wrong. We started with four; this was reduced to two; this year we have one; and now it is contemplated to have none. If anybody wanted to kill this enterprise, prevent it from performing the function it now performs, and surely stop it from doing the additional important things it is now capable of doing, this would be the way to do it.

Loathing as I do all things related to administration and money raising, I am in no position to suggest what you should do. I know there are problems of academic politics. I know there are problems of money. But I also know that the Defense Studies Program has a high reputation in the biggest Department of Government, that this Department sends a substantial number of students to Harvard University and to the GSPA, and that the people who send these students here might well take a poor view of the strangulation of this Program and its reduction to a single seminar.

I have some ideas as to what you might do about this if you care to have a talk with me.

I enclose an extra copy of this letter in the event that you would like to send it to Mac.

WBL:ap

P.S. On Sunday, May 24, the New York Times Magazine, p. 18, 73-76, carried a laudatory article by Cabell Phillips on the Air Force Academy, including the following passage:

"The final semester of political science is devoted to a recently devised course called 'Defense Policy,' which is a study from current books, periodicals and a specially prepared syllabus of international politics as they relate to American defense strategy (substantially our syllabus). On the day when I visited one of these classes I found

the way when I visited one of these colleges I found
defense strategy (unstantially our effekts). On
international. hotlines as they relate to American
periodicals and a specifically prepared affords of
politics," which is a rehash of the same comment books,
devoted to a recently devised contra called "Defense
"The final semester of political science is

the Vir. Force Academy, including the following passage:
13-10, carried a lundscapery article by Capellulli on
p.2. On Sunday, May 19, the New York Times Magazine, p. 18,
MR:sh

Professor
W. Berton Leeb

A very sincerely,
Y. L. B. Leeb

event that you would like to send it to me.

I enclose an extra copy of this letter in the
this if you care to have a copy with me.

I have some ideas as to what you might do about
this if you care to have a copy with me.

a single seminar.

of the attendance of this Program and its reception so
who send these students here might well take a look at
Harvard University and to the GBA, and that the people
Department sends a substantial number of students to
tion in the biggest Department of Government, that this
know that the Defense Studies Program has a high requis-
ition. I know there are problems of money. But I see
what you should do. I know there are problems of academic
triumphant and money retaining. I am in no better to suggest
keeping as I go off thinking related to admissions.

of going, this would be the way to go if,
additionally, important things is in now capable
belongers, and annuly stop it from going the
breakup it from belaboring the function it now
none. It anybody wanted to kill this enterprise,
leave one; and now it is contemplated to have
them; this was required to two: this year we
of a fascinating fellow is wrong. We started with
3. Teaching Fellow. I know this stimulation

Dean Don K. Price

- 4 -

[n]

Dean Don K. Price

a lively discussion in progress based on a chapter
of Henry Kissinger's 'Nuclear Weapons and Foreign
Policy.'"

The course on Defense Policy was the only one which
Phillips singled out for comment.

However, Phillips criticized the fact that "the
level of teaching experience (of the faculty) is quite
low, as most faculty members are assigned to the academy
on a three-to-four-year tour of duty." Do you know what
the Superintendent's answer to that will be? That he
sends key faculty appointee's to Harvard for pre-instructor
training, and plans to send more.

 agencies key faculty associates to Harvard for one-instructor
 the Superintendent's answer to that will be: That he
 on a three-to-four-year tour of duty. Do you know what
 few, as most faculty members are assigned to the school
 level of teaching experience (of the faculty) is due to
 However, Phillips criticized the fact that "the
 Phillips staffed out for comment.

The course on Defense Policy was the only one which
 Policy."

of Henry Kissinger's "Maximum Webots and Foreign
 a five-day discussion in progress passed on a charter

Dean Don K. Price

May 29, 1959

Professor Barton Leach
Langdell Hall

Dear Bart:

You asked me to put down on paper some of the ideas I developed at a recent defense policy seminar about the relationship of a counter-force strategy to our willingness to resist aggression.

It seems to me that the distinction between limited and all-out war is becoming a more and more tanuous one and that one should really think of limited war as a means of bargaining with one's all-out war capability. The problem of limited war can arise because the credibility of the over-all deterrent has been lost. In that case to resort to it would be a means of making the over-all deterrent more plausible.

However, nothing can make the deterrent really plausible as long as it is conceived as a counter-force weapon. In such a situation the opponent may well feel that he can afford to raise the stakes because he will not be able to develop any rational calculation with respect to the decision to attack first. On the other hand we have with substantial counter-force capability one of two possibilities. (a) The opponent has to be very careful about any scale of hostilities because we may use it as an opening to take out his retaliatory force. (b) We may in fact take out part of his retaliatory force, weakening it enough to settle the particular issue. In any case, it seems to me that to forego a counter-force strategy is to paralyse ourselves.

I am not sure how helpful these brief notes are, and I am writing a longer essay on this problem.