-R-E-S-T-R-I-C-T-E-D-

RESTRICTED CLASSIFICATION

Remove per E.O. 10501

## OUTLINE

Language and Area Branch
International Survey
WESTERN EUROPE

HOUR X

# HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION OF THE NAZI PARTY

**PURPOSE:** To sketch the history, growth, organization and training system of the Nazi party in Germany.

**SUPPLEMENTARY AIDS:** Lecture outline, one to each student.

## 1. Effect of World War I on Germany.

a. Discouragement of defeat.

b. Inflation.

c. Unemployment.

d. Terms of the Versailles Treaty.

## 2. Beginnings of Nazi Party.

a. Formed originally as German socialist workers party in Munich---1919.

b. Hitler gained leadership---1921.

c. Name changed to National Sozialistische Deutsche Arbeiter Partei.

(1) Emphasized nationalistic character.

(2) Name appealed to all classes.

d. Party engaged in bitter street fights with Communists.

e. Nazism attracted mainly middle class Germans.

f. Party swung from Left to Right.

g. Early mission of S.A.

## 3. Nazi Ideologies.

a. Racial superiority---the Aryan myth.

(1) Jews and Slavs marked for extinction or slavery as inferior races.

(2) Produced ultra-nationalism, anti-semitism, anti-pacifism.

b. Führer principle---obedience to leader.

(1) Individual should not question leadership and authority.

(2) Led to anti-liberalism, anti-democracy, anti-Marxism.

## 4. Munich Putsch---1923.

a. Hitler attempted to seize power in Bavaria.

b. Putsch failed miserably.

c. Hitler imprisoned for nine months.

d. Party banned and Hitler forbidden to make speeches after release.

e. Party continued actively after Hitler's release from prison.

## 5. Nazi Party Dormant from 1925 to 1929.

a. Germany in period of economic prosperity.

b. Hitler set himself up as bulwark against Left.

## 6. 1929 Depression.

a. Unemployment and political disunity.

b. Communists and Nazis both gained strength.

c. German industrialists gave financial aid to National Socialism.

d. Hindenburg defeated Hitler for presidency---1932 by close margin.

TD Form #668

12-8-47

-R-E-S-T-R-I-C-T-E-D-

R-E-S-T-R-I-C-T-E-D-

[LC]

OUTLINE

Language and Area Branch
Western European Background

Four XI

NAZI ORGANIZATIONS - PARTY FORMATIONS

**PURPOSE:** To give a brief description of the Party Formations, their organization, functions with special emphasis on those organizations that are of prime interest to CIC.

**Supplementary Materials:** 1. Outline of lecture, one to each student.

I. Types of Nazi Organizations.

A. Party Formations.

1. Formations dependent on the party and most closely allied.

2. These organizations do not own property.

B. Affiliated Organizations.

1. Sponsored by the party but more independent than party formations.

2. These organizations were permitted to own property.

C. Youth Organizations.

1. These organizations embraced those members not old enough to join the party or one of its other organizations.

D. Organizations between Party and the State.

1. Independent to a large extent.

2. Originally party organizations but later made state organizations.

E. Independent Overseas Organizations.

1. These organizations were concerned with party affairs outside of Germany.

II. The S.A. (Sturm Abteilung) Storm Troopers.

A. History of the SA.

1. Ernst Röhm early leader of SA.

2. SA organized to protect party speakers and to break up opposition meetings.

3. After Party and SA were outlawed in 1924 Röhm went into voluntary exile to Bolivia.

B. Early Aims and Ambitions of the SA.

1. SA stood for German Socialism.

2. Anti-Capitalism.

3. Break-up of large estates.

4. Raise a private army for Germany.

C. The 1934 Purge of the SA.

1. Röhm returned to Germany in 1931 to take over the SA.

2. Röhm's ambition and growing unruliness of the SA led to purge of the SA.

3. Purge took place on June 30, 1934.

4. Röhm and other SA leaders liquidated.

15.F. 34

- 1 -

R-E-S-T-R-I-C-T-E-D-

R-E-S-T-R-I-C-T-E-D-

4. To teach discipline and to fit men physically for the Wehrmacht.

5. To relieve unemployment.

6. Drained swamps, flood control, reforestation and worked on fortifications and highways.

B. NS Flieger-Korps (NSFK) NS Flying Corps.

1. Maintained schools to train pilots, mechanics and other specialized personnel for the Luftwaffe.

2. Gave instruction to the Flieger Hitler Jugend.

C. Organization Todt (OT)

1. Construction organization.

2. Built the Siegfried Line, the Atlantic Wall and the Autobahnen.

IV. Independent Overseas Organizations.

A. Volksbund für das Deutschtum im Ausland (VDA),

1. Association for the spread of Germanism abroad.

2. Worked very closely with "racial" Germans in foreign lands.

3. Active in work of German-American Bund in America.

B. Deutsches Ausland Institut (Institute for Foreign Affairs).

1. Looked after German holdings abroad.

BIBLIOGRAPHY AND SUGGESTED READING:

ASF Manual 356-2A

SHAEE Reports

CIO Handbook (SHAEE)

NSEK, Hitler Jugend, RAD, and OT,
SHAEE Eds. Series 1944, London.

- 3 -

R-E-S-T-R-I-C-T-E-D-

Restricted

Name

DEPT OF INTERNATIONAL SURVEY

Score

Grade or

Rank

Europe

Group

EXAMINATION II-C

Date

1. Answer the following questions by writing a word or phrase on the line following the question at the right side of the page.

✓ a. What is the name of the family dynasty that ruled Brandenburg and Prussia during the 17th to 19th centuries?

b. What German organization conquered East Prussia and the Baltic Coast and dominated the Slav population there?

c. What political party in Germany grew out of Bismarck's struggles with the Catholic Church?

d. What Prussian king participated in the partition of Poland and wrested Silesia from Austria?

e. What Nazi party formation dominated the Third Reich after 1934 and became a rival of the Wehrmacht?

2. Select the correct answer from the parentheses and write it on the line following at the right side of the page.

a. Germany was made into a unified national state during the period of the (First, Second, Third) Reich.

b. A powerful German navy was first built as a result of the policies of (Frederick the Great, Napoleon, Bismarck, William II).

c. The ideas of liberalism and nationalism first spread through Germany as the result of the (Peasants Revolt, Reformation, French Revolution, Revolution of 1918).

d. In which part of Germany are located the bulk of her industry and agriculture: (Northern Lowlands, Central Uplands, Southern Highlands)?

e. What area, now in dispute between Germany and France, returned to Germany as the result of a plebiscite in 1935? (Saar, Alsace-Lorraine, Silesia, Danzig)

3. Identify the following by placing the answer on the line at the right side of the page.

a. The capital of the West German Republic.

✓ b. The man designated by Hitler to succeed him.

c. The only major political party in the West German Republic opposed to the Marshall Plan.

(continued)

DIS # 82
(20Mar50)

- 1 -

Restricted

RESTRICTED CLASSIFICATION

Remove per E.O. 10501

d. The country annexed by Germany in 1938.

✓ e. The largest land in the U. S. Zone of Germany.

f. The man responsible for the first German social and welfare legislation.

g. The man responsible for the "Era of Fulfillment".

h. The organization of Northern German cities in the Middle Ages.

i. The process by which all German institutions were brought under the control of the NSDAP.

j. The present U. S. High Commissioner to Germany.

ESSAY-TYPE QUESTIONS

Please make answers specific and write legibly. Be brief, but not vague.

4. a. Describe two advantages that Germany has as a result of her geography and her climate.

1.

2.

b. Describe two handicaps that Germany suffers as a result of her geography and her climate.

1.

2.

(continued)

DIS # 82

(20Mar50)

RESTRICTED CLASSIFICATION

Remove per E.O. 10501

5. Name three men who contributed to the rise of Prussia and her eventual dominance over the other states of Germany, and explain the contribution that each one made toward that result.

a.

b.

c.

6. Give five reasons for the failure of the Weimar Republic and its overthrow by Hitler and the Nazis.

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

7. a. Why did Hitler carry out the purge of 30 June 1934?

(continued)

DIS # 82
(20Mar50)

Restricted

b. What were the results of the purge?

8. a. What are the chief differences between U. S. occupation policies in Germany in 1950 and in 1945?

b. What are the reasons for the change in U. S. policies?

9. How does the West German Republic differ from the East German Republic in--

a. Governmental organization?

b. Domestic policies in Germany?

c. Attitudes toward other countries besides Germany?

DIS # 82
(20Mar50)

Restricted