90

June 7, 7.

Wistar Morris,

Overbroek, Pa.,

My dear friend:

Bertha arrived safely and I gave her the $2000 whereat she is greatly pleased. I feel that you have done a great deal for her, and I thank you and Mrs Morris most heartily. Her improvement in every way is greater than she could have made at the school. She expects her father in a few days.

After leaving you I called on Mr Allison of the car and pipe
works, across the river, and spent the afternoon with him. At the
close of the interview he gave me all the pipe and fixtures we
should need for our new building, amounting to, not far from
$500. If we had to purchase it. There will be about 9000 pounds.
He suggested that if he gave the pipe the railroad ought to bring it
here for me, and I said I will ask them to do it. Do you see
your way to propose it to the proper Officials of the Penn. Co.,
for me. If you find you can manage the transportation for me I will
send you would drop a line to Mr. W. C. Allison 32nd & Walnut, and
if you can say a kind word it will help. He has no children and
this whole talk indicated special interest, and I hope he will
be my permanent friend.

I am sure it will be of some help to me as I had hoped. She is very

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 13

104

June 17th.

7

My Dear Miss Hamilton:

Mrs. Lutkins urges herself with some force for the place of dining room matron here. The work is heavy and requires executive and disciplinary ability of the highest order. 450 to 500 children at the table must be well managed in order to keep things in shape. In addition to that the matron gives instruction in cooking. I fear from Mrs. Lutkins having to leave Haskell on account of health that she is beyond my considering at all. Still I like what you and others say of her and would like to know more surely of her powers before fully determining against her. Will you please write me confidentially. I have already written her of the need of absent physical as well as other backing and she may, from what I have said, retire from her application.

I hope your Haskell affairs are in good shape, and with assurance of my constant interest and friendship, I remain,

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105

June 17th,

7

Mr. Thomas H. Suckley,

Indian School, Genoa, Neb.

My Dear Kawhat:

Your letter was quite a surprise. I am glad to hear from you, my boy, and especially glad to hear that you are sticking to school and still trying to make something out of yourself. I am glad you are in Genoa. I am glad that you are in the band. I am glad you are trying to be blacksmith. And I am glad you talk English. You are on the good road in all these things. Stick to it. Push ahead and you will be worth something to yourself and to the world.

I have asked the editor to send you our little paper which will tell you all about Carlisle every week.

Truly your friend,

VOL. 13

June 17th,

Col. Walter G. Marmon.
Gov. of Laguna, New Mexico.

My Dear Colonel:

On referring to my records I find that we have had 180 Pueblos at this school from the beginning until this present. Of that number only eight have died at the school. While I feel sad and do piore in every way the death of Lena, I do not feel that our losses should discourage us. I realize with you that we are in the midst of a great fight for the life of a people. Like all warlike nations it will cost something; or in other words, the ordinary mortality of life must be expected.

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107

E. Col. W. G. Marrese.

Before this reaches you Missutter will be with you and can
give you particulars.

You are beginning to get the real situation in Indian matters.
Your difficulties are moderate compared with what they are in other
plages. I have a letter tonight from one of the best men I ever
knew in the Indian service in the north-west who gives me a picture
of Catholic supremacy there which is certainly very sad to look
upon. The Catholic influence fights me from all quarters. Several
letters have been written to you from your Lagoons, purporting to
be from parents of the children but which were clearly put up by
Catholics, and I have them from all quarters as a constant effort
to make students discontented and I anticipate we shall be starved
out for a supply of students if Catholicism can do it. I do not
believe it can, and there will surely be a day of reckoning.

I understand Mr. Lamar who is as you probably know a southern
Methodist is greatly discouraged with what is going on, and in-
clined to make a change. The systems at the Department are such
that I should not dare to put anything in writing, but I can speak
to the Secretary of what you say and will the first opportunity.
I feel well satisfied that the real good of the Indians is to be

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A. C. L. W. G. Marmion.

made a secondary consideration. Superintendent Riley has gone home
in disgust and as I understand will not return to the service un-
til his duties, responsibilities and rights are decided. Catholic
as he is and as his principal assistant in the Bureau is we can
hardly anticipate that he would do otherwise than favor his creed.
The man that I recommended and urged before I got your letter was
a warm personal friend of Mr. Lamar, a good democrat and prominent
as an educator. He has just been made President of the Mass. Agri-
cultural College at Amherst. He knows Indians well from long ex-
perience among them as an army officer, and has broad ideas about
their education and training that would have commended him to those
working for the interests of the Indian everywhere.

Very truly your friend,

Capt. & Subt.

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110

June 21st,

Miss E. L. Patterson.

Beatrice, Neb.

Dear Miss Patterson:

Your two telegrams left us with the expectation that you
would go forward the next day and your several notes did not arrive
in time to give me a chance to either telegraph you or write. I
do not see how you will avoid going to Rushville in order to get
your ticket back. You will have to receipt for it and no explanation
could be made for your transportation back that would be acceptable at the Treasury Department or the Indian Office.

You have had quite a time. How fortunate it is no worse. The
perils of civilization are indeed very great to these younger
people, but they learn more by experience than by any other way.
You will be at Beatrice long enough to write the Agent and state
the circumstances to him. He has his orders to give you the ticket
and he can, if he will, write you such a receipt as he needs and send
for you to sign and then send to you your ticket to Beatrice, but
it would be a matter which you would necessarily have to arrange
yourself and take the chances on. After your worry is all over I
believe you may have a pleasant, restful visit with your friends.

VOL. 13

W. W. Wood,

There is nothing new at the school except the usual annual
war with the department about my employees which is a more than
unpleasant character. Beesie seems to be getting on very nice-
ly with the boys. No antagonisms have been reported to me yet.

June 20th,

W. W. Wood,

38 S. and. Street,
Philadelphia.

My Dear Wood:

We manufacture our own spittoons and are well supplied with
the best leather fire hose. I am sorry I cannot renew our friend-
ship in a substantial business way; but if you will drop off some
time in passing this way I will drink a glass of lemonade with you
and talk of old times.

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VOL. 13

June 20th, 7.

John D. Miles,
Fallsington,
Bucks Co., Pa.

My Dear John:

I do remember all that I have said to you, and whenever a
suitable school can be found either by you or by me I shall not
only consent but agree that you leave Carlisle and enter.

You say you desire to fit yourself for the House of the Senate
and that you want to get there. Let me tell you Dear John that
when you start to travel back towards the reservation even for a
visit, you are not on the road to the House or Senate. Pull up your
obligations for the Summer. Think of nothing else but that. That
is honorable. Honor is one of the greatest characteristics of a
good member of the House or Senate. It would be dishonorable for
you to break your engagement now. During the Summer make all the
inquiries you can. Write to any friends you may have and if you
can secure entrance to a higher school than Carlisle where your
prospects are better I will stand by you. I will do the same for
you. But you must remember that you are not by any means a top-
most scholar in Carlisle, and it is a little unreasonable for you

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B. J. Do. 10.

to be so anxious to get away from Carlisle before you have got to
the top of Carlisle's ladder. Show yourself a man where you are.
if you come back to Carlisle show yourself a man here. Do not be
changeable and discontented, and some way or somehow the good
father above will open to you a road to higher and better things
constantly.

Jedediah Wheelock,

Rising Sun, Md.

Dear Jennie:

I had one of our singing books sent you with the pieces marked
Practice as you can. Get your Philadelphia New York speech well
in hand, for that is the one I want you to give. I do not expect
to have more than two of the boys probably Richard Davis and Sam'
Townsend to help with the singing. ThenHattie, and Florence, Susie
Bond, and Edith Abner. Perhaps some of the other girls about Col-
crawill come down. If you reach Oxford before I do report to
Rev. Jacobsen.

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VOL. 13

June 10th,

Miss Jacobus,

Oxford, Chester Co., Pa.

Dear Friend:

I have arranged that a party of six or more girls come in from the surrounding country and that two boys be present on the evening of the 23d, and that they sing two or three songs and one or two of the girls and possibly one of the boys make brief addresses. They will represent the wildest tribes of our country--Cheyennes, Pawnee, Sioux, etc., We shall all arrive on the evening trains. I do not go to Bethlehem. My boy passed in all his studies and was offered a position in the Phoenixville Iron Works, and asked to come at once. He has accepted, and that takes away all special interest we had in the exercises at Lehigh. So I shall leave here in time to reach Oxford on the same train, about 7 o'clock in the evening.

It seems impossible for us to get away after the meeting and I shall, therefore remain over night. My brother-in-law who is visiting with me will go with me, and we will just take quarters in the hotel.

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115

June 21st, 7.

Rev. John Robinson,

Pine Ridge, Dakota.

My Dear Friends:

The answer to your letter of the 18th was well on the way be-
fore your letter came, in the shape of the returning boys and girls.
The accident to Jimmy McGlooskey at Chicago kept Miss Patterson who
had charge from going on through with the party. And am somewhat
regretting that I had not followed the intention of former years
which was to send girls home at one time and boys at another; for
both Miss Patterson and Mr. Standing with the home going parties
inform me of behavior of boys and girls enroute which indicate all
together too much license. On your assurance I will send the set
of harness to Lonebear with Hattie if she is able to take it in her
trunk.

I shall be truly sorry to see you leave Pine Ridge and trust
that the lines may open up for you to stay longer. The most un-
fortunate element in the Indian service is ignorance of management.
Though the palliation is not very great, still there is some pallia-
tion in having Missionaries who continue on from year to year and

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116

J. Rev. J.R.

who learn the people and know their weaknesses and can help to guide the infant management as they come and go. Still I wish you anything but hard luck and only wish I had it in my power to aid you to a good place.

Just now I am having the usual annual fight with the Department in regard to employees. I am criticized for the number and salaries and different positions I have and my attention is called to the fact that Haskell Institute only asks for half as much as I do for employee service for the ensuing year.

Mrs. Pratt has very much improved. Mason has graduated from Lehigh and without waiting for his diploma has been given a fine position in the Phoenixville Iron Works.

We are about down to the bottom of our numbers. 271 are out of class and the balance of the 581 present at the school. A very considerable number of the students who returned to Pine Ridge desires to come back to Carlisle and I shall arrange for an incoming party in August. I would like to make it a good sized one with no bad material in it. We have too often accepted as we did last year from your place such poor, weak material. If there is prospect of a good party and you wish to come East in August I can arrange.

VOL. 13

Rev. J.R.

though I shall probably send one of my people out. There are
quite a number who desire to come back from Rosebud.

With cordial greeting to Mrs. Robinson

June 13d.

Jackson Yobw,

Chamwawa Indian School,

Salem, Oregon.

My Dear Young Friends!

I am pleased to receive a letter from you and to know that
you enjoy reading our paper and that you are so well advanced in
your studies, and also that you are learning the blacksmith's trade.
Your opportunities have just begun. There is a future for you.
You are on the right road. I urge you as a friend to be faithful
in all your studies and your work; improve your time; improve the
good chances you are now under and you will find some great and
good work to do in this life for yourself, for others and for eter-
nity.

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BLURRED ORIGINAL

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June 22d, 7.

Miss A. C. Fletcher.

9th Street near F,

Temple Hotel, Washington.

My Dear Miss Fletcher:

I owe you an apology for not responding to a number of your latter notes. I have simply been in one of those inexplicable moods which now and then come over me and head off my personal correspondence. I have had two notes from Miss Foot which I am sorry to say I have also neglected with many others.

The Omaha party got off in the shape designated by Frank with others on the 15th so that I suppose they are now enjoying themselves at home. Alice developed quite a scrofula and I sent her home with the others; Jennie has a delightful home and is doing tip-top. A letter from William Tyndall today demands the return of Christopher, but Christopher having taken matters in his own hands I shall stand by him. Joel has expressed no dissatisfaction to me and I trust will pull through without being harmed by the ministerial fear that others may trying to begut within him. It seems to me a fearful thought to the Almighty for his servants here to undertake sogefust for Him out of such rotting timber. You struck it

119

Miss Fletcher.

by anticipating a hypocritical result. That's just it and there
is a deal of trouble in the service of the same kind. What do
you do this Summer? Won't you come here a little while on your road
North?

I am informed of a desire to get me to Deerfield on Indian
day which is to be your day. I fear it is impossible. Besides
Deerfield is too small a place for two such authorities on the In-
dian question as you and I. My Marion goes to Mr. Champney to
take in his Summer school for artists. So you may see her.

All goes well at Carlisle. Mrs. Pratt continues to improve.
Mason has just graduated from Lehigh and accepted a good place in
the service of the Phoenixville Iron Works which is one of the
largest iron bridge building establishments in the world. The
third story walls on half the boys quarters is completed and roof-
ers begin tomorrow. The walls of the other half will be completed
by Saturday night. It is imposing structure and a monument for our
boys and friends that I am proud of.

There is renewedLECIO activity against me in the Indian
Office in regard to employes here for the ensuing year, but it is
only a bubble.

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BLURRED ORIGINAL

VOL. 13

June 22d, 7.

Samuel T. Ferrier,

Denver, Col.

Mr. Dear Old Comrade:

If I have not written you for so long a time it has been simply because my power to meet the demands upon me in that line is not equal to the demands. I have as you probably know the management of a school or over a hundred young Indian pupils and about 45 employes. This makes my flesh constantly weak in its attempt to do what my spirit urges.

I congratulate you upon your prosperity, your location and the chances for you and yours. I should have great pleasure in meeting you and especially meeting you in Denver, and knowing something of the great city which I visited two years ago in a rather hasty manner. If I ever get in your neighborhood I shall certainly take great pains to hunt you up; and if I have friends going there I shall accept your kind offer.

I am rather ahead of you in family matters. I have one boy and three girls. My boy 22 past just graduated from the Lehigh University and has gone into the service of one of the largest Iron Bridge Building concerns in the world at Phoenixville, Penna. His

122

S. T. Ferrier.

future prospects and his equipment for life in character and ability are a great satisfaction to both Mrs. Pratt and myself. My daughters, 18 and 16, are all healthy, promising children.

I often think of the old times. The mess number one and its jolly fellowship. Mother Ferrier, Grandmother Pratt, Dora,eta and George, et al, and we all enjoy immensely a reunion on this planet.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Ferrier and your family,

BLURRED ORIGINAL

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123

June 22d,

7.

Brother John B. Miles,

Lawrence, Kansas.

How are you? I suppose you have become so rich that it would be hardly worth while for us to stop off at Lawrence with expectation of recognition. You got out of the Indian business in the right time. My sticking to it runs me more and more in debt. The only heritage my children will have will be the usual satisfaction of having had poor but honest parents. Mason has just graduated from Lehigh and received a nice appointment in the service of the Phoenixville Iron Works Co., one of the largest bridge builders in the world. Mrs. Pratt has been very poorly for more than a year. She spent five months in a hospital in New York last Winter and Spring. Is at home now. Mends slowly, but we feel surely and we have reasonable expectation of her becoming her old self again in time.

I do not know if I shall be able to make a Western trip this year or not. Hope to in company with President Gates of Rutgers College. If I do and can take in Lawrence and see you and Lipscomb I will. Standing went to the Territory with a party of children and is to be Lawrence. He has not yet advised me of his ad-

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129

June 22d,

7.7.

A. J. Standing,

Care of John D. Miles,

Lawrence, Kansas.

My Dear Standing

I send you copy of a letter received several days ago. I
have answered it but I want to know as near as you can find out
just what Haskell is doing. Make notes.

Give my regards to Father Robinson and tell him I am sorry I
could not come in person but that I sent you to find out all the
new kinks possible for our guidance here at Carlisle. I re-
ceived your note written this side of St. Louis and have just re-
ceived yours from the Territory. Glad you got through so safely.
Miss Patterson was delayed over night in Chicago, and went to a
hotel with her party. Jimmy McCloskey in a room all to himself
closed his windows and door and blew out the gas. He was found
just in time to barely save his life. He was unconscious more than
48 hours, and Miss Patterson had to send on her party and remain
with him.

All goes well at the school. Walker begun tinning on the West
end of the building which is ready for him. The walls of the other

VOL. 13

2 A.J.S.

half will be up Saturday night. Had $500.00 today from an old friend who sent it from her dying bed. Roderic died the day after you left. Miss Wilson sails on the 1st of July. Miss Sample has gone to Texas. Mrs. Pratt's brother, Mr. Mason and his wife, are with us for several weeks. I trust. Mason has accepted a nice position with the Phoenixville Iron Works and at their request begun work today. Have concluded to leave shops as they are and increase store-room capacity and shop room by using gymnasium. Shall build a gymnasium 150 by 60 feet just back of the girls quarters. End on a line with the West end of girls and boys quarters midway between the two. Your family are all well at this date and things generally going well at the school.

I send this to John Milne at Lawrence because I have no inti-
mation of other address.

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130

132

June 23d,

7.

Francis LaFlanche,

Temple Hotel, Washington, D.C.

Dear Francis:

I owe you no end of apology for not writing to you long ago. But my powers in that direction seem to have been very limited lately. TheOmahas returned about as you designated except Alice Freemont, whom I sent back because of her health condition. I have a letter today from Theodore McCaulley who says that he is at the Mission school. He says the people there talk against Carlisle. But he wants to return and there are otherOmahas children who want to come to Carlisle. I trust that spirit will continue and that we may get in a good party in August. If only those who returned from Carlisle are to come in I can easily arrange it so that they may come alone, but if we make up a party of new ones it will be necessary to have an Agent to lookout that we are not imposed upon. I wish it might be you.

The immense building towards which you contributed two dollars has gone up like magic. They commenced roofing today. Everything indicates that we shall have the use of it when school opens, September 1st.

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VOL. 13

June 23d 7.

no flesh,
Medicine Root Creek,
Pine Ridge Agency, Dakota.

Dear Sir:

I have your letter, and whatever Col. Allegher thinks best to do about it will be listened to in Washington. What I would say amounts to nothing. I can only talk for my boys and girls who are at the school. Col. Allegher must talk for you Indians at Pine Ridge Agency. Whatever I am ordered to do from Washington, that I do.

June 23d, 7.

Rachel Chocote,

Harrell Institute,

Muscogee, Ind. Ten.

My Dear Rachel:

I find a letter you wrote me in April unanswered. I am very sorry but my time and attention is greatly occupied. I was really very glad to hear from you and especially pleased to know that you are continuing your education. It would be very pleasant to see you again, and if you ever come East be sure to come to Carlisle, and stay as long as you can with us. It is very pleasing to hear that Nancy and Eliza are teaching school--making themselves useful to others and to the world. I hope Lizzie McIntosh will recover health again. Adelia Low went home with about forty others to Rosebud and Pine Ridge last week. She intends to come to Carlisle.

Miss Hyde is in Wichita, Kansas. She would be glad to hear from

Miss Kate Irvine of Carlisle has charge of the girls now.

We have a much larger school than when you were here; although we don't have home, we still have 331 belonging to the school. Mrs. Pratt has been very ill for a long time but is gradually getting better now.

VOL. 13

S. R. Crecchio.

Please remember me to all the Carlisle students whom you may
meet or write to and believe me,

Faithfully your friend,

June 23d 7.

Guy American Horse,
7 Wild West, Earle Court, S.W.
London, Eng.

My dear Guy:

I got your letter. I don't see what you can do, except to fulfil your obligation to Mr. Cody. You know about agreeing to go there for a certain time. You should do all that you promised to. If you don't like it, that is unfortunate; but you ought to do it all the same. Robert and a large number of the Pine Ridge and Rosebud students went home a few days ago. Robb says he is going to take hold of work now, and stay at the Agency. He is a good wagonmaker and a good man, and we all are very hopeful that he will succeed.

136

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VOL. 13

June 23d 7.

Joseph Taylor,
Indian Industrial School,
Genoa, Nebraska.

My Dear Friend :—

I got your letter a long time ago,
but have been very busy, and many of
my letters have remained unanswered. I
am always glad to hear from any of my
old school boys, and especially glad to
know that you are at Genoa and do so well
in your work and your studies. Am glad
to know that you like Mr. Chace. These
all tell me that you are going ahead—That
you are making the best use of your time
that you can. Keep on in that same way.
Everything is very quiet at Carlisle now.
Only a few pupils here. Forty of our Sioux pa-
pils turned to Pine Ridge & Rosebud a week ago.
As many more went to other places in the South-
west and northwest. Your friend,
R. H. Stott

138

June 23, 1913

Cheape Ross,

Gilbert, Wichita, Co., Texas.

Dear Cheape:

Your letter on April came all right. As I sent you the <u>Assistant</u>, which will tell you about us, I did not write. You will see Mr. Standing doubtless while he is at the Agency, and he can tell you all the news. I am certainly delighted to know that you get on well with me and I hope you will stick to your business and that you will soon be gradually accumulating a little money and a herd of your own. Begin now if you have not already, and try to get yourself a herd of cattle. Nothing better for you to do. I think the Indians are banking very securely about their grass money and their lands. They should be dividing their lands. Give each man his share and let him do the best he can with it.

We are putting up a large building for the boys, 282 by 8 feet long, and stories, and divided into small rooms so that no more than 275 of our boys and girls are out of the reach of the Indians. The Indians are making a big name in Pennsylvania as being the most faithful and best workers.

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140

J. M. B.

A. J. Standing,

Arkansas City, Mo.

A. Post Stening.

I would have written you several times during the last
four days had I left any certainty of reaching you; but I did write
some days ago addressed to the care of John D. Miles at
Savannah. On inquiry of Mr. I find she is to write you
Arkansas City between the 20th and 30th. Our last from you is
the 20th, coming this morning with your accounts.

If you will keep on and probe matters thoroughly in the
manner we arranged before you left. All goes ahead here and we can
get out of the situation. The walls of the boys building are up,
but the roof is on and the tinning done. The other half is going
up today. On fourth of the floor is laid. I shall break ground
on the new graduates in a few days. From what I wrote you to care
of Agent Miles, there is no change at this day. My employes matters
all along, and as will make them sail into a safe harbor some-

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141

June 28th,

To.

Dan Tucker,

Centennial, Ind. To.

My Dear Dan!

I find on my desk the enclosed which I requested Harris to send to you more than a month ago and supposed you had it. It is probably too late for your use now however I send it to show you that I was not negligent of your request.

You will have seen Mr. Standing and get all late news of us from him.

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June 28th,

142

I. J. Miles,

Hampton Institute, Virginia.

My Dear Sirs:

On behalf of our boys I make to you and the Lend-a-hand club our grateful acknowledgement for the $5.00 to aid in building the new dormitory. The walls of the building are up, half the roof on, part of the floor laid and we have fair assurance that we can occupy it when school begins, the 1st of September.

Faithfully your friend,

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143

June 28th, 7.

Robert Anderson

8044 Pine Street, Phila., Pa.

Dear Sir:

I send to you copies of my last two reports. You ask me what are the special difficulties in the work of civilizing the Indian. I answer the obdurate, pithlessness of some who work for the Indians and of many outside guided by them who continually anonymize that the Indian is something different from other men and must have a special treatment. Once do away with the idea that the Indian is not a man like the rest of us and work upon him with special reference to his development just as we work upon all men with special reference to their development, in our schools, our churches, with our law and moral and industrial forces of all kinds, and the end is near. We would have a sorry time of making Americans out of foreigners if we delegated such particular sort or tribe or province to an isolated reservation, apart from the rest of us; they never would become Americans. The Indians have never become Americans under such treatment and never will. My plan is to work from the inside out. Having worked them out from the tribe into the Civilian school, I work them out of the Civilian school into the semi-

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144

2 Robert Anderson

rounding mass, just as soon as they are able. The success of a
principle was never better established than this one is by our
nearly eight years experience here at Carlisle. The Indians grow
into our life wonderfully rapid under such treatment.

You ask what is the best method of aiding in this work. I
answer by upholding and demanding that the Indians shall have at
least a fair chance to become as well educated and trained in head,
and hand, and heart in all that pertains to our civilization as we
ourselves are, and by advocating every principle that seeks to ex-
alt the individual and disperse the mass. It is important, too,
that we do not become blinded by pians and contrivances with refer-
ence to the Indians' property and make his property of more value
than he himself. It must be plain that the ability to take care
of property is his only safe-guard; and if he has ability to take
care of property, he has the ability to gain property. If his
property rights must always rest for their safty in some control
and management outside of himself, he will be forever robbed. Ours
as the greatest and highest duty is to give him such knowledge and
experience of our systems and methods as will enable him to take
care of himself and his in competition and association with us.

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3 Robert Anderson

You ask what are the results of the special work of education
in which I am engaged. I answer, most satisfactory in every
way, in so far as meeting the difficulties of civilized life are
concerned. But when remanded to the old life, surrounded by no
law, no industry, no commerce, no moral or spiritual safe-guards,
there are failures, plenty of them. But even there are
successes enough to pay for what we do ten thousand times over.
If I take a boy from his parents, proprietors of a run and gambling
hell under whose influence he had grown up in your great city, and
keep him three or five years in a good school where he had made
conspicuous progress in intelligence and the higher and better life
and had gained some industrial skill, I would consider it criminal
to demand him inexorably to that same run and gambling hell under
any pretense whatsoever. If I could save him from that run and
gambling hell and did not do it I would be equally criminal, both
before and after such education. I hope you see my meaning.

I have written you at more length than I am warranted by my
limited time. I see a way out for the 230 odd thousands Indians.
I am broad good way; kind, humane way; Christian way; in every sense
the word; but they must lose their old life fully and completely.
For the better, the better.

Condently yours,

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VOL. 13

June 29th,

Dear Father Stephan:

I am asked by a number of our friends here at Carlisle to
interest myself in obtaining a place in the West for a young man
of our town, named John A. Madden, who has been attending Dickinson
College here through the influence and aid of friends, but whose
health is such as to compel him to give up his studies. He is an
Irishman, very tall, six feet three, fine looking, good voice and
presence, and a general favorite in the town, quite intelligent,
and is a member of your church.

I have been so long out loose from the army that I am hardly
entitled to credit there any more. I have not attempted to use my
influence in the Indian Department, not having been encouraged in
any way. It occurs to me that this young man could be most useful
in some of your schools in the West and I most heartily and without
reservation recommend and urge that you give him some small place
in one of them. His trouble is threatened phthisis. He has hem-
orrhages, yet he looks strong and seems full of courage. My notion
is that, if he could be transferred to the climate of New Mexico or
Colorado or even Montana, somewhere in the Rocky Mountain regions
where the air is so pure and dry that he will have a fair chance

147

2 Father Stephan.

for life, and if he lives there is no question in my mind about
his having a very useful future. He had a brother who went through
Dickinson College and after examination entered the service in one
of the departments at Washington, and by his ability he was very
quickly promoted to a division. I have not just the facts of his
case nor the exact department but an army friend in Carlisle assured
me sometime ago he was thus promoted upon his merits.

Wages with the young man are not a consideration. He wants to
look out for his health, and I feel assured if you get hold of him
in your work some place and he does live, that you will be greatly
pleased and satisfied with him.

An Aunt of his has been a most faithful employe in my service
here ever since the school began. And I may say further that the
young man objected to my presenting him anywhere on account of his
church; but I assured him that that was the course of life every-
where, and he consented with some reluctance.

I hope you can give him something to do that will take him to
the Rocky Mountain regions.

Very truly yours,

Rev. Father J. A. Stephan,
Bureau Catholic Indian Mission,
Washington, D. C.

VOL. 13

150

July 4th, 7/

A. J. Standing.

Asst. Superintendent,
Arkansas City, Mo.

My Dear Standing:

I telegraphed you Friday to Anadarko urging you to do your work thoroughly at Anadarko, Pawnee, Pona, and Ousage, and that you would find letters from me at Arkansas City. I am feeling better satisfied that your view of the utility of the work is correct and am more anxious that it should be made thorough now. I wish that you might at the several Agencies you visit arrange a sort of an Alumni Association of Carlisle students who shall get together periodically and talk about matters together. If you can do this, and we can get into correspondence with such an association, in each case, next Spring, I will undertake to bring in from the several Agencies one of the best representatives of our returned students to be present at our annual ceremonies--I covering the cost. You can do something at this by correspondence with those you have passed, and we can do something at it from here; and the other Agencies as you visit them you can perhaps arrange quite an organization. I am now concerned to have you remain out well through

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151

2 A.J. Standing.

August to accomplish the purpose of your mission, and think it well
you do so. My telegram asked you to telegraph me your address. I
would be glad to have you use the telegraph to keep me informed of
where you are every three or four days. The cost of it will be
material and the satisfaction of it great.

When you leave the Territory I want you to go to the Great
Homeras, and the Omegas and Winnebagoes. Give time at these places
and I want you to arrange for a party of pupils taking in as many
of our returned pupils as practicable. When you go to Rosebud and
Pine Ridge I expect you to give plenty of time and co-operate with
Miss Burgess and Miss Irvine at Pine Ridge where I send them in
time to be there before you reach there. I have just written today
to the Commissioner for permission, and shall send them at once
when permission is obtained. I want 150 new pupils. They can
bring all the pupils in. The work of your mission compines very
well with assisting them at Rosebud and Pine Ridge; after that I
wish you to go to Fort Berthold and the Crow Agency, and when you
return from these points to bring with you as good a delegation as
you can get and find it best to accept. I shall expect a greater
number from Pine Ridge because we have a better hold there. If you
have any suggestions about students from the Territory or elsewhere

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152

I shall be glad to hear from you. I think on account of the num-\nbes we have from the Pueblos we had better skip New Mexico this
year.

The employes matter is adjusted. I went to Washington Friday,
and saw both the Commissioner and the Secretary. I am sure that
the Secretary and the President are both strong friends of Carlisle
The Indian Office is not different from what it has been. What
help we get from there is from compulsion. All goes well with us
here. The roof is on the boys' quarters, the floor partly laid,
second coat on some of the rooms. The foundation trenches for the
new gymnasium are dug, plenty of stone hauled, some of the brick
on the grounds and work begins there tomorrow with a rush.

I have just been advised to advertise for coal, lumber and a
great many other things that were omitted in my original estimate.
Write in Washington I arranged that they take most of our tin ware,
and outstanding contracts have been let to other parties. We are
to furnish ten wagons, and have to the end of November to do it.
About 1,000 people are out on farms; 100 or more will go into camp this
week. Mrs. Standing and the children are well. Everybody has
gone into town to see the parade.

I hope you will have had a good talk with William about Harry
Shirley, and arrange any other matters about students coming in;

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154

July 4th,

Charles R. Pugh,

Genl. Manager Pennsylvania R. R.,
Philadelphia.

Mr. Dear Sirs:

I am trying hard to overcome the failure of Congress to make an appropriation for improvements here this year, and have reasonable expectation of pulling through about $20,000 of improvements. Through the aid of charitable friends of the school. We are just roofing on the large dormitory building 300 feet by 80, three stories for our boys. Mr. William C. Allison of 32d and Walnut Streets has been kind enough to give me necessary pipe and fixtures for steam heating in this building, amounting in all to something nearly $1700. Would it not be possible for the Penna' Company to grant me a freight car from Mr. Allison's place to Carlisle without cost in aid of this matter? Please do what you can for me, and it not possible to give me a car, please send the car boys and let the bill come to me.

It would be glad if you would act promptly in this matter, as the pipe is ready to be shipped and we are ready to use it.

Very truly yours,

VOL. 13

July 5th, 7.

Francis ca Miesche,

Temple Hotel, 9th Street near F,
Washington, D.C.

My Dear Francis

I should be very glad to have you go after the Omahas as early as you think best now. Since what has occurred about Hampton is inclined to think the earlier the better. I have just written the Commissioner asking authority to bring 150. Please advise me what time you think best to go. I am having Mr. Standing look up the records of returned students and he is now in the Territory and will go to Dakota by the great Nenashes, Omahas and the Winne-bagoes. It would be very well if you could be out there while he is there, perhaps between the 10th and 20th. However that is not essential.

VOL. 13

156

July 5th, 7.

Dr. DeWitt Webb,

Foughkeepsie, N. Y.

My Dear Doctor:

We have no additional pictures of the Apaches other than
those sent you. I should be very glad to have you come by Carlisle
and stop with us. It would interest you and the children would be
glad to see you, and it would be an advantage to both these here
and those at Mount Vernon if you came by and then went on to Augus-
tine that way.

I have been absent in Washington or you would have had an
earlier reply.

VOL. 13

157

July 5th, 7.

Adelia Low,

Pine Ridge Agency, Dak.

My Dear Adelia:

Your letter of the 27th of June about your niece is just
received and I answer at once.

In about two weeks I shall send Miss Irvine to Pine Ridge to
help make up a party, and I shall leave to her judgment whether
your niece is too small to bring in. She has charge of the girls
and will know, what is best to do. I am inclined to think from
what you say that we can take her. Mr. Standing will be out there
too, and I hope that Pine Ridge will make us up a good big party of
strong, healthy young men and young women fully determined to im-
prove their education. I think Miss Irvine will be there by the
18th or 20th of this month, may be before. I wish you would tell
all of the returned students. I want Miss Irvine to go out to
Pine Ridge and stay there several weeks so as to get acquainted
with the fathers and mother and relatives of the students.

The boys building has the roof on and part of the floors laid
and the plastering is going on rapidly, so that by the 1st of Sep-
tember they will have a nice, new home. Just back of the fence

VOL. 13

A Mella Low

of the girls' quarters we are building a new gymnasium which is
to be 160 feet by 80 wide. I am having it fixed so that the girls
can have the use of it part of the time, and the boys part of the
time. The old gymnasium we shall turn into shops. If you take
80 as long steps as you can you will see about how long the build-
ing will be, and then that step 20 long steps you will see how
wide it will be. I am fixing it with a hard floor so that it can
be used for a great many things, even roller skating.

I am glad to get your nice letter and give it to Miss Burgess
to print in the paper. Give my love to all the returned Carlisleans
you meet.

VOL. 13

VOL. 13

161

for, in that manner. I hope you will do
her best to help you and her mother. With
the knowledge she has, she ought to be able
to do you a great deal of good.

My dear friends,

Four brother Charles made a bargain to stay
with a farmer in Bucks County this summer.

It is right that he should be honest about
it, and stay with the man as long as he
bargained to. After that, if it is best for
him to return home, I have no objections.

I wrote that to him sometime ago.

162

July 6th, 7.

Thomas Torlinc,

Fort Defiance, Arizona.

My Dear Friend Tom:

Thank you for writing to me. I am glad to know that you are getting on so well at home, and that you like your new Agent. I had wished the Navahoes would send me about 50 of their best boys and girls. Don't you think they have got their minds made up to do that now? If I send somebody out there to bring them in, do you think they would send that many? Please write me at once what you think about it. Show this letter to Agent Patterson and ask him what he thinks about it. We don't want to break up their school there, but we want to help that school and we want to help the Navahoes.

The large boys are getting a great big building, three stories with little rooms, so that two or three boys only can have a room to themselves. And there is a good bath room, big clothing room, very large assembly room so that all the boys can be formed in companies right in the room, and then a good reading room. Then we are building a gymnasium 150 feet by 60 feet wide just back of the girls' quarters so that the girls and the boys can use it to-

VOL. 13

VOL. 13

S. Thomas Terhune

together. The old gymnasium we shall turn into shops so that we may
have plenty of shop room for all the boys in Winter time. If we
can get from 40 to 50 children, I would like very much to have you
come in with them--I sending for them. You could come to make us
a visit, and then go back.

All the Navahoe boys are very hearty and out on farms. Tell
Mr. Damon his two boys are doing first rate now.

Faithfully your friend,

164

July 6th, 7.

Etahdleh Doamnoe,

Anadarko, Ind. T.

My Dear Etahdleh:

I have just written Agent Williams in regard to a party of children, but have been hoping to hear from you and from Mr. Standing. I am willing to take a good party as many as you and Mr. Standing think best; and should be glad if my old friends, the Kiowas and Comanches would turn in and send them. As soon as I can know from you or the Agent about the party and how many I will get I will arrange the transportation. You may use the telegraph to inform me.

Laura and the baby seem to be very well, and all goes well with us here at Carlisle.

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165

July 8th, 7.

Dear John T. Copley,

Missionary to theOmahas,

Omaha Agency, Neb.

My Dear Mr. Copley:

I have been away from home, and in addition am somewhat taxed
with the affairs of the school, which at this time--the end of the
old year and the beginning of the new,--are absorbing, or your
letter would have been answered sooner

My notion about Joel and Levi is an attempt now in the direc-
tion you indicate, is premature. They both have done well for a
year past. Previous to that time their conduct plainly showed them
anything but prospective moral leaders. The tendency of Indians
to change from one thing to another is ruinous. Both Joel and Levi
can learn more here for two or three years yet than they could at
another school. I think it would be a real wrong to send Levi and
Joel to college just now. We have many classes in this school
above their capacity. So long as that is the case, this is the
best school for them. I am sorry that they are written to on the
subject and disturbed in relations that have been established sat-
isfactory to themselves and by their own judgment before.

VOL. 13

D. Rev. J. W. Caley.

I am glad you can recommend our returned students, and that you approve of their coming back here. Am sorry that Hampton steps in with any effort to capture them.

My Mr. Standing will be among theOmahas before very long
making some records for our annual report. I desire in every way
I can to aid you missionary folks in what you are trying to do;
and if I speak a little strong, it is because my experience demands
it. The Indian must learn the value of obligations, and keep
obligations. The Omahas are no material exception to other tribes,
notwithstanding the special efforts that have been made for their
advancement.

166

VOL. 13

VOL. 13

Telegraph.

Arkansas City, Kans.

Be sure and stop at Wichita, Kansas.

July 9th, 7.

Capt. John Archuletto,

Oneida, Wis.

My Dear Sirs,

Your son Joel is out for the summer at his own request, and
as I think, for his greatest good. I was not aware of any desire
on his part or your own, that he should return home until the five
years had transpired. Joel himself expressed an intention to re-
main and desired to go out on that account, and so I let him go.

My request to the Commissioner for the home goes omitted him
for the reasons I have stated. I hope you will find yourself will-
ing to allow Joel to remain with us until the changes are made
next year at least. If I know it in time, I shall not object to
his going home for a visit, then.

Very truly your friend,

Capt. & Supt.

170

July 9th, 7.

George Seoresuah/

Laguna, New Mexico.

My Dear George:

I am very glad to hear by your letter of the 26th of June
of your safe arrival at home, and that you are well and happy, and
am glad to see your people and friends. It makes me glad, too,
to know that you and the boys who have learned to speak English,
use the English in talking to each other. That will help you to
remember it, and I trust you will always do that. Miss Cutler was
very greatly pleased with your help to her on the way West. She
tells me that you are very thoughtful and kind all the time in
looking out for the sick ones, and for her. I thank you for this.

The new building has the roof on, the floors are laid, and the
men are plastering. We are putting up a large gymnasium just back
of the fence of the girls' quarters. It will be 150 feet long and
60 feet wide. If you will take 50 good long steps you will see how
long the building will be; and then if you take 20 good long ones,
you will see how wide it will be. We will put into it a great many
things to help teach the boys how to make themselves strong and
hard so.

Truly your friend,

VOL. 13

171

July 9th, 7.

W. E. Kirwan,

Agent of the Louisville & Nashville Railroad,
Repton, Ala.

Dear Sirs:

It would be a great risk for any one to take raw Indian
children without knowledge of the English language and make any
success in managing them by adoption. They do very well a long
ways from home when they have plenty of company with each other as
at a school like this; and in about two years, usually, they have
learned enough of the English language and of civilized ways to
desire more and are willing to go out among the whites provided
several go into the same community. We have a custom of placing
our children out in considerable numbers after they have been with
us two or three years. It gives them a knowledge of the English
language much more rapidly than we can give it to them in a school;
and it civilizes them and makes them individuals much faster than
we can accomplish the same things here. And we succeed after two
or three years in getting them into our district schools where they
compete with the children of our own race. This is far better than
any Indian school. We find multitude of homes open to us, and as

VOL. 13

2 W. E. Kirven.

we are responsible for them, find it best to limit our acceptance
of homes to those within easy reach of our school, so that we may
visit them and be ready to take care of them in case of failure
or accident. It would not be advisable to send any of our children
so far away as your place, unless it were ordered by the Government
and we entirely relieved of further responsibility over them.

VOL. 13

172

173

July 9th, 7.

A. J. Standing,

Lawrence, Kans.

My Dear Standing:

I have your letter of the 1st, and Mrs. Standing received
one today dated the 2d, from which I see you are pushing matters.
I think it just as well that you secure what information you can
from the Osages, as well as the Pawnees and Poncas. I hope you
have my letter of the 4th inst. at Arkansas City.

A letter from Miss Semple informs me of her intention not to
return to Carlisle next year. I hardly know what shifts to make
yet, but am inclined to place the responsibilities on one of our
old employees. The Doctor presses me earnestly to give you that
feature of the work.

I hope you will spend at least a part of the day at Wichita.
And when you get to Lawrence, give plenty of time to find how mat-
ters are there. Don't forget to secure the letter from John D.
Miles which I send in his care some time ago. I want to know the
facts about employe forces.

The foundation walls of the gymnasium are progressing finely.
The roof is about finished on the new building and the floors laid.

VOL. 13

July 9th, 7.

Miss Julia R. Remington,
1708 Colfax Street,
Omaha, Neb.

Dear Miss Remington,

I am very greatly obliged to you for your full letter of
June 22d. Your apprehension of the changing conditions is cer-
tainly correct. I do not hardly agree with you that it means ex-
termination for the many and absorption for the few. It is savagry
and the prolonging of it under changing conditions that has been
the cause of extermination. To me the greatest crime perpetrated
against the Indians has been the desperate and despicable efforts
made to keep the Indians, Indians. It is neither Christian, Ameri-
can nor humane. Had we in the beginning done half as much to care
for the Indians and improve their condition, and unify them
with us as has been done for the Negroes they would not today be
fearful of the situation. Personally, and I may say collectively
for Carlisle joins me, I am very glad that you fare so well. I hope
your venture at "go West young man" will prove a very happy and
profitable venture for you. "There are tremendous possibilities on
the Pacific slope.

VOL. 13

2 Miss Remington.

We are locating Miss Semple this next year, worn out and stopping for a year at least. I am erecting buildings and improving largely this season. We have a boys dormitory now under roof, and the floors laid, which is three stories high, 300 feet long by 36 wide, with all the conveniences that we could ask. Am also erecting a gymnasium 150 feet by 60 feet just in the rear of the girls' quarters, so that the girls as well as the boys may have the use of it. This vacates our old gymnasium for shop uses. The hospital is very considerably larger, and I trust we may have time erect a good barn yet this Fall.

I hope you will not forget us in your far away home, and if you gather up items of interest, which your long experience will enable you to catch on to, I shall be glad to have them for our help and encouragement.

Your girl has a home here as long as I can command it, and it remains necessary for her to have one.

With a cordial greeting from all at Carlisle,

Very truly your friend,

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176

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BLURRED ORIGINAL

July 9th, 7.

Francis Laflesche.

Temple Hotel.

My Dear Francis:

It will hardly be practicable for me to move in the matter
of bringing in children until I get authority. Special Agent Par-
sons was here a few days ago, and promised me to specially urge the
Commissioner to hurry forward the authority. My intention is to
provide you with transportation and expenses through my charity
resources, so that it will make little difference which route you
take. There is a possibility of the Office ruling against us in
the Omaha cases, as they did last year when we asked to accept a
party of Miamies and others from Seneca that were offered. I am
expecting the Office reply every mail, and as soon as it comes I
will telegraph you. I very much doubt if Mr. Standing will be at
Omaha before the 20th. He calculates on reaching Lawrence on the
18th, but he has been behind every place yet, and it is quite likely
will be behind in the visits he is about to make to the Osages,
Pawnees and Pioneers. He will want to stay in Lawrence, his old home,
two or three days; and he goes from there to the Great Nemaha

BLURRED ORIGINAL

2 Francis LaFlambe

Agency first, and then to the Omaha and Winnebago. I do not know
that you need to take anything more than your necessary personal
baggage. If you have any means of finding out that they will not
go back on my request for theOmahas, you can put in your applica-
tion for leave at once and go on the 17th as desired. That would
give you some time to look the field over before Mr. Standing gets
there. In case you do, you had better get your ticket through,
with a stop off privilege, and come here and I will provide you
necessary means.

Tell Miss Fletcher that it is specially important for her to
come here on her way North. Miss Semple's health does not permit
of her taking up work next year, so she has determined to rest for
a year. I shall have to make some shifts that might arrange mat-
ters for Miss Fletcher to her liking. You can show her this.

VOL. 13

July 12th, 7

Sammel G. Dion,

Pine Ridge Agency, Dak.

My dear friend,

I have your letter of the 5th in which you say your mother
does not want you to return to Carlisle. Of course that is all
right. I am sorry to have you stop school, but if your father and
mother think it best, of course you should obey them. It may be
when Mr. Standing and Miss Imrie get to Pine Ridge they will
change their minds. We should be glad to have you come back, if
they do, and if you want to come.

"The boys' quarters have the roof on, the floors laid, and the
plastering is going on very fast, so that before school opens the
large boys will have a nice, new set of quarters--no more than two
or three in a room.

We are taking the old gymnasium for shops, and are building a
very large gymnasium just behind the fence of the girls' quarters,
between the large boys' quarters and the girls' quarters. The
building will be 150 feet long and 60 feet wide, and will have
plenty of gymnastic appliances in it. The boys have just gone to
the mountains to camp today. They will be out six weeks in the

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182

B. S. P. C.

some place, just above Tantau. Give my love to all the re-
tained Carlisle boys and girls, and I hope that every one of them
has done to work at something. There is lots of work to be done
on Indian reserves. No boy or girl should be idle a single hour.

Your friend,

July 12th, 7.

Levi St. Cyr,

Winnebago Agency, Neb.

My Dear Sir:

If you have been attending school at White Institute, that
is the place for you to return to, and not to Carlisle. You have
friends there, and they know you and you know them. I have no
doubt that you could go back there without any trouble. The De-
partment would hardly let me have any students from the Winneba-
goes.

Your friend,

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183

July 12th, 7.

Hattie LoneWolf,

Pine Ridge Agency, Dak.

My Dear Hattie:

I have your letter, and am indeed very glad to hear that
you are safe at home. I hope that you are taking up some work of
some kind--helping your mother to make the tepee clean and straight
if nothing else.

I am sorry your father is not very progressive. I do not think his trip with Buffalo Bill did him much good. Tell your father that Captain Pratt says that he makes a great mistake not to take up the whiteman's road at once, and push all of his children into schools and keep them there until they are well educated.

Be sure and come back with Miss Irvine, and bring your sister with you. I had so many things to think about that really I forgot Lonebears harness. I will pack up a nice one, and send in a trunk with Miss Irvine.

Since you left we have begun a new gymnasium, which is to be
just behind the girls' quarters. It will be a very nice building,

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BLURRED ORIGINAL

VOL. 13

July 18th, 7.

A. M. Standing,

Lawrence, Kan.

My Dear Standing:

I have just given orders to Miss Burgess and Miss Irvine, and they start to-morrow for Rosebud and Pine Ridge respectively, for the purpose of securing and bringing in a party from each of these Agencies. I desire that you will proceed on the round as we had outlined before you left. Go to the Great Nemaha Agency, and then to Omaha and Winnebago.

Frank LaFlesche will be at the Omaha Agency next Tuesday and will bring in a party for us from that Agency. Aid him all you can without interfering with your other duty. And I hope you will give substantial aid to Miss Burgess at Rosebud, and Miss Irvine, at Pine Ridge, for they need not wait on or be governed specially by your movements.

I am advised by the Commissioner that he would rather that I would secure children from the Utes, Navajos and Blackfeet; and I shall not therefore be anxious to make the party so large from Rosebud and Pine Ridge and Omaha. If we get 12 to 15 from Omaha, I should be all I care for; and if we get 30 to 40 from Rosebud,

187

BLURRED ORIGINAL

VOL. 13

James J. Standing

and 40 to 50 from Pine Ridge, it will serve. I am also to have
authority for a party from the Crowes, and am willing for you to
go there, after you have completed your visit to Pine Ridge, if you
care to. As that is towards the Blackfeet country, it would be
and
perhaps as well to leave it now it can be taken in, in the Winter,
which I think would be the best time to undertake the Blackfeet,
Navajos and Utes.

From this on, you had better take sub-vouchers for expenses,
and we will try to get them into Government account.

I proposed to Miss Hyde a return to her old place, with a view
to placing Miss Burgess in charge of Schools, and Miss Irvine in
charge of Printing Office. Miss Hyde has declined.

All goes well at the school. The buildings will be ready in
good time. I shall leave the shops and store-room arrangements for
your return. The whole of the old stables will be for these pur-
pases.

189

July 13th,

7.

Francis LaFlesche.

Temple Hotel, 9th Street n F,
Washington, D.C.

My Dear Friend:

I enclose you my check for $100.00 and a number of sub-
vouchers, which I wish you to use, so far as practicable, and keep
a memorandum, the same as though for Government account. You need
not come to Carlisle. Mr. Standing is likely to be at the Omaha
Agency about the same time you reach there. Blanks for pupils are
herewith. Make them as complete as you can, and have the party
examined critically before starting, and secure the Doctor's cer-
tificate. If there is no Agency physician, you may employ, as
reasonable a rate as you can, a suitable physician to make the
examinations.

Unless there is special permission from the Indian Office,
I would not like to take the widowed relative you speak of. If you
choose to go to Mr. Atkins, and state the case to him, and he con-
sents to it, I have no objections. The general instruction is
none under 12 and none over 18. Be especially careful about get-
ting none under 12. All must be healthy and sound in mind, with

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207

July 19th, 1907

Dear John Robinson,

Pine Ridge, Dna.

Mr. Dear Friend:

I sent the harness as you probably know before this by Miss
Irvine and hope you will have no difficulty in seeing that it is
right for. I did it quite entirely on the strength of your reas-
onsability in the matter.

I have very great expectations from Miss Burgess and Miss
Irvine as to Pine Ridge. We can take about 125 to 150 more pupils,
and I have authority to bring in 150. I should like at least 50
from Pine Ridge. I write Miss Irvine about letting your sister
come in with the party from Pine Ridge. She will talk it over with
your sister.

Sorry that you and Mrs. Robinson are not in good health. It
seems quite strange that asturdy a man as you should have to com-
plain of sickness.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Robinson and your sisters,

Faithfully your friend,

Capt. & Subt.

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208

July 25th, 7.

Miss Kate Irvine,

Pine Ridge Agency, Dak.

Dear Miss Irvine:

We have all the authority necessary to cover your transportation, and I am glad to know that your prospects look as bright. I would rather your Pine Ridge party were 50 and your Rosebud party only 25 or 30; but you can bring 50 from each. I see the ground very plainly by your letter; but we must work through this year hoping that another will place the whole school question on an entirely different basis. Don't forget that you are to notify me promptly of the probable size of your party, and as much in advance as you can. There will be no harm done if you ask for 50 tickets and only take 30; but if you think a possible 60 is in sight ask for that many tickets.

Rev. Robinson writes me that one of his sisters would like to come in with the party. If there should be 40 or more get an extra ticket and let her come; I will take care of the extra expense. If under 40, I could hardly make the expense of two pass the Department.

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To Miss Irvine.

I don't just see how you are going to arrange to bring in your two parties from Rosebud and Pine Ridge. If you, Robinson's sister should come in there will be no trouble about the party getting through safely under her care and that of some of the returning students if you start the party with a good lunch.

I send you a copy of the Commissioner's letter if there should be a possible question about your right to be out there after students.

I have the verbal assurance of the Commissioner that $9,000 will be given us to rebuild the small boys' quarters. The storm tore the roof off and the boys and carpenters have been storming through the building even since so that it looks like a pretty bad wreck now. You're doubtless well informed of all our affairs here from Miss Ely's letters to Miss Burgess. Say to Miss Burgess I wrote her at Rosebud ten days ago.

Hoping your affairs will all come out in good shape,

Very truly your friend,

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July 28th, 7.

Gentlemen, B. Marshall,

25 Beacon Street,
Boston, Mass.

My Dear General:

Mr. Bond has written me nothing at any time in regard to either of our returned students. The arrangement was that if they did not do well and give satisfaction they were to return to Carlisle.

I have authority to send an Agent to the Crew Agency after party of students and am waiting about it until I know of the success of three of my Agents who have gone to Rosebud, Pine Ridge and Omaha. An authorized to bring in 110 additional pupils. The Department desires that I should approach the Blackfeet, Ojibwa and Navajos, and tell them they have little school opportunity and the Department is unable to get children into schools. Between the schools of the Department in this matter and the possible success of an Agent in Rosebud, Pine Ridge and Omaha, I may not send to the Crew Agency to get all.

Of course one cannot know anything about the difficulties the Department has in reference to the two Carlisle pupils.

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Some of the charges upon the management end upon the influences around
them. It should not pretend to blame them until I was well informed,
not that I intended to impute anything to Mr. Bond. There may be
no ground of reason from Camp influence. If they had remained east
as Sarah Walker did, nine years instead of four, their stability
would have been quite as well assured. There is another thing in
favor of Sarah Walker that is against them. She is from another
Agency and belongs to another tribe and of course would be much
less influenced by the Crows and they will be less likely to at-
tempt to influence her.

Neither George or Flora have written a word to any of us since
they left. This is very strange and unexpected conduct on their
part. George was an urgent Methodist, taking part in the meetings
of his church in Carlisle and always participating in our meetings
here on the ground. The change in religious surroundings would
be a very great source of danger to him. I do not feel hopeless
about any Indian who goes home and drops. Many of them have done
so and have risen again afterwards and have been all the better
for it. It is great point for a person to find out how weak they
are themselves; I shall only feel the more reluctant to let our
students go into untried work and to be supervised by those who are
entire strangers to them and to us.

Faithfully yours.

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VOL. 13

July 28th,

Care Elizabeth Edge,
Downingtown, Pa.

Josephine Vetter,

Dear Josie:

I enclose you herewith check for $44.87 which is the last payment on your inheritance and closes that business for you.

I now, Josie, find no further objection to your going home on a visit, if you intend to go home and return here for school in the fall. It would be well for you to go soon, so as to be back by the 15th of September. This $44 will not be as much as you want, but you have something over $29 in the hands of Miss Irvine which would make more than you would need to pay your way out and back. Of course you can have any or all of your other money that you wish. As Carlisle is very little off the way, I think it would be best for you to come to Carlisle first, and then go on from here. I could probably arrange to get you a ticket cheaper than anybody else could get you. You had better stay with Miss Edge until we know just what you want to do, and send some one there on your place. It will be a great disappointment to Miss Edge for you to go, but we will send her to best girl we can.

213

A. J. Burtisæve Letters.

Do not leave Miss Edge until it is all arranged. You can write
me at once about it, or as soon as you have made your mind up about
what you want to do.

Faithfully your friend,

July 28th,

7.

William Paisano,

Lieut. Gov. of Laguna,

New Mexico.

My Dear William:

Thanks for your long letter and all the news it contains. We
were all greatly pleased to know that you and Mary we married and
wish you both a very happy life.

We are rebuilding both the large and small boys' quarters
this year, and putting up a large gymnasium so that our hands are
full of work. We have about 40 mechanics outside of our own boys.

I hope you are all well at Laguna.

Truly your friend,

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214

July 28th, 7.

Horace P. Jones.

Fort Sill, Ind. Ter.

My Dear Sirs:

Yours in regard to Otto Wells received. The Comanches have
made such quick work with Lloyd Kayeovah that it is not in my heart
to subject Otto Wells to the same treatment especially as he does
not desire to go home. He is as you know quite a boy yet and will
stand no more show in the present condition of affairs in the
Kiowa and Comanche reserve to make a success of it than Lloyd Ka-
veevah. I understand that the Comanches make a business of trying
to deprave and nullify all the school work. Their time will come
one of these days, and the Lord have mercy on them.

Otto is out for the summer, and I have no chance of consulting
with him as Tab-a-toa desires; but think from my correspondence
with the Agent and my own experience in the matter that it will
be just as well not to say anything to Otto about it.

Tell Tab a hope he has grown some since twelve years ago,
that I wish him all success in his mercantile venture. Otto will
be a great deal better clerk several years hence than he will now.
Tell Otto's mother that he is well and hearty, that he is a good

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216

July 29th,

7.

D. H. Small,

Armour, Dak.

Dear Sir:

Your letter did not give us the address of the people from
 whom you took Julia Long. If you will send me their address, I
will have her reports go to them. Julia is a girl of some promise.

I am sorry that I cannot give you any encouragement about
piling back into the Indian service. I really have no influence
whatever in such matters outside of our own school, and the equip-
ment of employee force for this year is completed.

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217

July 30th,

Clerk Killer.

Chicopee and Arapahoe Agencies,

Indian Territory.

My Dear Friends:

I have your letter of the 18th of July complaining about
Maud, and asking me if she behaved badly here at Carlisle. Most
of us sometimes a little bit head-strong, but not much for study,
and I think that would not do here. Her conduct was always that of a
gentlewoman. While out from us all her reports were most excellent.
I think the trouble is that you have made too much fuss over her
does her return. If you had set her to work without all your
help and your feeding and heating and so on, and let her quietly attend to
her studies, and would have served you much better. Here we had her in
our school, and she was required to perform her work and attend to her
studies, there was too much freedom to roam about, and besides,
my dear sister Celia Killer, I think she may inherit a little bit
of that independence from you or her mother; and you know her mother likes
her very much. I hardly know how to advise you about Maud.
It would be better for her to come to Carlisle for a double or

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219

July 20th, 7.

Miss Sarah H. Greentleaf,

Monmouth Beach, N.J.

Dear Miss Greentleaf:

The dollar ($1) in the Morning Star is received and credited, and the paper will be addressed as you request.

I am rather loathe to have our students enter into the obligation of your "Audubon Society." We require them to protect the birds here, and I always felt that after all the teaching is necessary. Persons have wanted to establish temperance societies in the School and pledge our boys and girls against intoxicating drinks. I have not felt favorable to such things for the simple reason that we give good training and teaching and I feel it is much better to rest the future actions of the youth upon such inward growth and principle as we can implant, rather than upon any obligation, violating which they purport themselves more than we are, and that is a tremendous thing to weaken character.

Very truly yours,

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BLURRED ORIGINAL

August 9th, 7.

Peter Pomeroy,

Oneida, Wis.

My Dear Friends:

Thank you for your letter and the assurance I give you of
your remembrance. I am certainly pleased to know that you find
everything so satisfactory among your people. No doubt you are
often able to render good service by your wise counsel.

About the five dollars, it would be impracticable for me to
undertake to get authority to pay it. As I told you the Government
had a contract to Chittowville, but no contract to De Pere. It
seems to me that under the circumstances you ought hardly to have
asked me for the money.

Chester is getting on nicely. He has charge of the boys at
the Barracks, while Mr. Campbell is in charge at the Camp.

Faithfully your friend,

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229

August 9th, 7.

F. P. Knowles,
Guilford, Conn.

Dear Sir:

There are quite a number of societies of boys usually calling
themselves "Mission Bands", who work for the Indians to help
Schools or Missionaries. I have some correspondence with a number
of them, but really have never seen their constitution and know,
perhaps, as little about their meetings and systems as you do.
I suppose they are organized upon the same plan as Missionary so-
cieties usually and they meet at stated periods and through their
Secretary and president and members endeavor to get new information
from time to time to present at their meetings. I know that in
some of the older societies, papers on subjects of the Indians are
often read.

I think it a most laudable undertaking and hope that you will
push it through. The Indians just now need a great deal of help and
sympathy, and boys and girls, as well as older ones may well take
a hand in working out the problem.

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232

August 10th, 7.

Jacob Zallwager,

Fort Heno, Ind. Ter.

My Dear Mr. Zallwager:

I received your letter and as I have been informed both of
last year's failure in crops and this year's, I was not surprised
that you failed to write about the matter you yourself proposed
when I was there last year.

not

So far as I know you should feel concerned about Katie's
schooling if you care to leave her at Lincoln Institute. I have
met a number of the teachers and I have been very much pleased with
their character and ability, and have no doubt Katie is in good
hands.

Since your letter I have wondered how it was possible for the
poor Indians to succeed when a man of your pluck and stick and
knowledge of farming meets with such failure.

Very truly your friend,

Capt. & Supt.

VOL. 13

J. N. J. Fowler.

We have here 578 Indian boys and girls coming from 37 different tribes; speaking as many separate distinct languages entirely unintelligible to each other. Many of these tribes were formerly bitter enemies. Here they become friends, and unite upon the broad American principle of the English language, industry and intelligence.

I send to you our little School paper which will be glad to exchange with the Wide Awake, and from which the boys can gather our history from week to week. Note that it only costs ten cents, and yet comes weekly.

Grateful for your assistance, I am,

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242

August 22d, 7.

C. W. Ford,

North Adams, Mass.

My Dear Friend:

Part of the time since your letter was received I have been absent and otherwise so pressed with the work of getting ready for school, as to leave part of my correspondence go. I sent you today two plates, one covering something of the School grounds, the other a contrast of three students when they arrived, and three years after. Please return after using. I am again obliged to your school for its remembrance of us. We have indulged in large expenditures in the way of buildings, and have something of a debt to carry in connection with it, so that I am the more thankful for all help.

Enclosed find my receipt, and also a brief article which I am compelled to write with some haste and under some distraction.

VOL. 13

August 23d.

7.

Capt. Foat.

Cave Wister Morris,

Jamestown, Connecticut,

Newport, Rhode Island.

The following telegram received this P.M., from Commissioner Atkins--"I want to confer with you about Carlisle matters. Report at this Office." Let me know your movements.

Attending.

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247

August 31st,

7.

G. D. Williams

U. S. Indian Agent,

Cheyenne and Arapahoe Agency, Ind. Ter.

Dear Sirs:

I write you in the absence of Captain Pratt and un officially
in order that when a certain matter now being arranged comes to a
head you may have a full understanding of it and the telegraphic
correspondence will be more intelligible to you.

The circumstances are thus: We as a School are expected to
take part in a grand parade in Philadelphia on the 15th, 16th, and
17th of September. The object is to show one hundred years ago
in contract to the present; hence, in Indian matters we want to
contrast the wild Indians with the civilized--the past with the
present, and to do so, want the genuine Indians, pony, war bonnets
and all, right from the plains to contrast with the present gener-
ation who are being educated. The wild ones to be preferably the
parents of those having children at this school.

Just what course Captain Pratt will decide on to get them I
do not know, but we are doing it at the solicitation of the Phil-

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248

2. G. D. Williams.

Adelphi Committee; and the necessary authority from the Secretary of the Interior has been granted. The time is short in which to complete the program hence speedy action will be necessary.

Transportation for ten Indians, ponies and equipments from Arkansas City to Carlisle and return has been provided; and, while we believe thoroughly in Indian civilization on this particular occasion, we want the old time Indian as complete as possible, buckskin leggins, bow, shield, spear and pony--just as he used to be. In view of the fact that it will give some Indians an opportunity to visit their children, I feel sure that we can count on your cooperation in this matter so far as may be necessary.

Captain will be home in two or three days, and until you hear from him by telegraph or otherwise, please do not take this letter as a ground of action, or let any Indians know of the prospect, but by having this you will understand the case better than by telegraph only.

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268

Sept. 11, 1887.

Agent St. Louis & San Francisco Rail Road.

Arkansas City, Kansas.

Deliver transportation to W. B. Barker for himself and ten
Indians Arkansas City to Carlisle as arranged by Penn'a. Rail Road.
I guarantee satisfactory settlement.

Sept. 11, 1887.

W. B. Barker,

Arkansas City, Kansas.

Penn's RailRoad informs me arrangements are made with
St. Louis & San Francisco line to have transportation through to
Carlisle, delivered you on your applying to their Agent at Arkansas
City. If transportation is not there, buy tickets for yourself
and party through. Draw one if necessary and I will have read
Proclamation. Come on sure. I have telegraphed Agent St. L. & S. R.
H. R. at Arkansas City.

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BLURRED ORIGINAL

VOL. 13

Sept. 12, 7.

J. R. Wood:

As now arranged, part of ten Indians and Conductor, are
to have transportation through to Carlisle. Will reach
Harrisburg at 8.05 Thursday morning and must continue on that train
to join in the Parade. I will have an Agent meet them in Harris-
burg and conduct them to our rendezvous in Phila. Please give
transportation for two and ten Indians, twelve in all, Harrisburg
to Phila., to reach me here before Wednesday noon.

Gen. J. F. Boyd,

Chambersburg, Pa.

We will accommodate ourselves to the Railroad's convenience.

If we can take one of the midnight trains from Girard Avenue,
or some other out Station of Phila., Thursday night it would suit
best. 14th is the time arranged for leaving here, and train to
stop at Girard Avenue is as we desired.