54

The Romanes.

With the Scots invaded Brytaine, & spoyled the country with
lwozd & fire, against whom Marius with his knights alledbled
in al half, & gaue the sharp battel, wherin Rodrike was slain,
with a great number of his souldiers upon Stanfemore, into to-
ken of which victorie, there was a stone not far from Carleile
erected, with this inscription, In token of Marius victorie. To
the which remained Marius gaue inhabitance in the further
part of Scotland. And soznomuch as the Byztaines disdained to
give to thee their daughters in marriage, they acquainted the
with the Irishmen, & married their daughters, & grew in pao-
cesse of time to a gret people. He repaired, walled, & fortified
the city of Caerlegion, now called Chester. He rained, and, yes.

D. Omitianus the Imperoſſet Salustius Lucullus into Bry-
taine, whom he shoſtly put to death, ſo that he ſuffred cer-
taine lawes to be called Lucullen, after his name. Some
write, that Cneus Trebullius was now Gouernor here.

What Lieutenants were in Brytaine for the time of Nerua
& Traiane, I find not recorded; but when Adrian was poffe-
sed in the Empire, Iulius Seuerus gouerned here under him,
who Adrianus called out of Brytaine, to war againſt the Jews,
& came hither himselfe in person, pacified the tumults, rea-
red a wall, which should be separate the barbarous from his
fubiets, and returned to Rome.

C. Oilus, the son of Marius, was ordained King, he was brought
home by euſe from his youth in Rome, among the Romaines,
& therfore favoring the, paid tribute truly: he builded Col-
chester, and raigned there for 17 years, and was buried at Yorke.

A. Ntonius Pius succeeded Hadrianus in the Empire, & gou-
nered this province by Lollius Vrbicus, who ouercame the
Byztaines, and rapſed another wall of turffes to keep oute
the inroads, the northern Byztaines.

A. Ntonius Philosophus now ruled the Romaine Empire,
and Calphurnius Agricola was sent hyther with autho-
ritie against the Byitaines then repining at the Romaines,
but with what ſuccesse it is not ſpecified.

L. Vcius the son of Coilus, was ordained King, who in all his
acts & deeds followed the steps of his forefathers, in such

Flores Historiarum.

Ran.Hig.

Henry Bradshar.

Cheſter re-
ſpayred.

94

Sustonius.

Julius Seuerus.

120

Sparstanus.

124

Galfridus.

Colchifer
built.

139

Capitolinus.

162

179

Florent. Pigerni.

wife as
baffled
fears,
delivering
infrue
ligio
the
nus a
ten
Clark
his peo
Chis.
Chops p
the
billy
Lucius
Confl
Th
Write
the
shoul
d the
vif
Chif
Chif
out of
law
of
car of
The
Duel
iniqu
with
child
line
ding
hit
is yo

The Romanes.

wife as he was of al men loued & dzead. He set his two Am-
bassadores Eluanus & Meduuinus, two learned men in his scrip-
tures, with his louing letters to Elutherius Bishop of Rome,
desiring him to send some devout & learned men, by whose
instruction both he & his people might be taught his faith & re-
ligion of Chriſt: whereof Elutherius being very glad, baptized
these two meſſegers, making Eluanus a Bishop, & Meduu-
nus a teacher, & ſent also with him into Brytaine two famous
Clarks, Faganus & Deruuanus, by whose diligence Lucius &
his people of Brytaine were baptized & instructed in his faith of
Chriſt. 28. Temples were made Cathedral churches, & By-
shops placed, where Flamins before had bin: at Lodon, Torke.
& Carlein, (which is now S.DAVIDS in Wales) were placed Arch
bishops: & now ſoloweth an Epistle of Elutherius, ſent to
Lucius R. of Brytaine, as I find his ſame recorded in a Woke of his
Conſtitutions of London, pertaining to his Guild Hall of London.

The peare after Chriſts birth 202. Pope Elutherius did
write to Lucius king of Brytaine, for an amendment of his kings
& the nobilitie of Brytaine as ſoloweth. You required that we
should ſend you the Romain & Imperial laws, & you might
beſe him in your kingdom of Brytaine: but those laws we may
disproue, & not the laws of God. You haue receiued lately
through Gods goodnes in your kingdom, his faith and law of
Chriſt: you haue there in your kingdom both Testaments,
out of his by Gods grace, & the aduice of your realme take a
law, & thereby patiently govern his kingdom. You are his Tili-
car of God in your kingdom, according to his kingly prophet.
The earth is his Lords, & his fulneſſe is his whole world, & al his
dwell therin: & again, thou haſt loued righteouſnes, & hated
iniquitie, wherefore God (euſeth thy God) hath annoynted theſe
with his oile of gladnes aboue thy ſellows. They are his kings
children, chriſtian nations, & people of your kingdome that
line & conſuſt under your protection, peace, & kingdom accor-
ding to the Scripture, as an hen gathereth chickens under
his wings, the people, & nations of the kingdome of Brytaine
is your ſes, ſuche as are divided you ſould gather them

D.iiij.

together

England recey-
ued the faith.
Seda.

After.

Flores.

Hiftoriarh.

Record of Saint

Afaphs Church.

John Capgrace.

Mariarne Scotus.

London, Yorke
and Carlein,
Archbishops.

The Epistle of
Elutherius to
Lucius King of
Brytaine.

Lib. constitutis. Lov.

Psal.45.

56

The Romanes.

together to the lawe of Christe : his holy Church, to peace & concordde: and cherishe, maintaine, protect, gouverne, and defend them from the inurious, malicious, and their enemies. Whoe be to that Kingdome, the King whereof is a childe, and the Princes eate earely in the morning. I doe not call a King a child for his youth or minozitie, but for his follie, iniquitie, and madnesse, according to the Kingly Prophet. The bloud-thirsty and deceitfull menne shall not out-live halfe their dayes. By eating we shall understande Cluttonie, by Cluttonie, Lururie, by Lururie, all filth, wickednesse, and mischiefe, according to King Salomon : Wisedome will not enter into a spitefull soule, nor inhabite in a body subiecte to sinne. A King hathe his name of governing, and not of his Kingdome, so long you shall be a King, as you rule well, otherwise, you shall not be so named, and lose that name, (which God sozbid) God graunt that you maye so rule your Realme of Brytaine, that you may raigne wyth hym everlastingly, whose Titular you are in the faide Kingdome. To whome with the father, etc.

Psalm. 55.

Sapience.1.

There remapneth in the Church of Saint Peter upon Cornhill at London, a Table, wherein is written, that Lucius soúded the same Church to be an Archbishops sea, and made it the Metropolitane and chiefe Church of his Kingdome, whych so endured the space of 400. yeres, unto the comming of Saint Augustine.

Ioseline of
Furneys.

Archbishops of
London. 13.

Ioseline of Fornes, in his boke that he wrote of the Wyztith Bishops, faith, that Thean, who was kift Archbishop of London, in the time of Lucius, builded the said Church of S. Peter in a place called Cornhill in London, by the aide and help of Ciran, chief Butler to King Lucius,‡ also that Clauus, the second Archbishop there, builded a Libzarie to the same church adiopning,‡ converted many of the Erwydes (learned men in the Pagan Law) to the Chriſtian faith. The third Archbishop was named Cadar, the fourth Obinus, the kift Conian, †kift Paladius, the seuenth Stephan, the eighte Iltut, the ninth Dedwin, the tenth Thedred, the eleuenth Hillary, ‡ twelfth Guidilinus,

The Romanes.

57

Guidilinus, the thirteenth Vodinus, who was slain of the Saxons that came first into this lande. Lucius raigned 12. pere, and was buried at Gloucester.

Comodus after his father Antonius Philosophus succeeded in the Empire with most cruel tyranny. In his time the Boztherne Britains burst in through the wall, so the Countrey, and flew the Romaine Generall with his souldiers, wherefore Vlpius Marcellus was appointed here a careful vigilant Captaine: he soze annoyed the Bzytains, which were enemies to the Romaine state, and purchasing enuy by his vertue, was shortly dismissed.

Then Ceronnis who ruled all under Comodus, appointed certaine men of base estate to gouverne the Romainenemies here, wherewith the souldiers being græued, sent. 1500. chosen men out of theyz number to Rome, who accusing hym before Comodus to compasse the Empire, soz his sonne was delivered into them, who immediatelie mangled hym and flew his wife with his two sonnes.

181
Dion.

Lampidius
Dion.

Comodus the sent Holinus Pertinax into Brytain, and named himselfe Brytanicus, therbnto perswaded by flatterers, when the Bzytaines were so euill affected toward him, that they woulde haue nominated some other Emperour against him, and namely Pertinax: but these tumults were appeased by the Wisdome of Pertinax, to his great danger, soz he was wel-nere slaine in tumulte, and left among the dead, whiche iniurie he after feuerall ye reuenged, & sued soz his discharge, being afterwarde preferred to the Empire.

Lampidiuss

Capitolinus.

Clodius Albinus was then sente hyther by Comodus, who at the first so greatly eſtemed of him, that he honozed hym with ſt title of a Cælar, which Clodius refused: but afterwards when a false rumor was dispersed, by Comodus was slaine, he made an Diatios to the legions of Brytain, impeaching ſo government of Emperours, and p[re]ferring the Senate, wherupon Commodus being harpned againſt hym, ſente Iunius Seuerus to rule here, and ſhorty after Comodus was slaine, slaine.

Capitolinus.

D.b.

Pertinax

The Romanes.

Pertinax then was chosen Emperour, & within, if months
was flaine throughe the periwations of Didius Iulianus,
who enjoyed the Empire two monthes, and the practice of
Clodius Albinus, which then returned into Brytain, and (as
it seeth) recovered his former government.

194

Euerus after the death of Pertinax was saluted Emperour:
he immediately flew Didius Iulianus, and because he fea-
red Clodius Albinus with his Brytain legions, he created him
Cæsar, and partaker of the Empire, and sente Heraclitus to
gouverne this Ile: but after he had subdued Niger who also
besurped the Empire, he moued warre against Albinus, who
palling hence into Fraunce with the Brytish army, encountered
with Scuerus neare Lions, and was there flaine. Henceforth
Seuerus quietly enjoyed the Romaine Empire, & made harp
wars into the Catterne partes of the world, with great glo-
rie.

194

But returning to Rome, he underftook of a war rayed in
Brytaine. Wherefore he hafte hyther with his two ſonnes
Bafianus, and Geta: at his arrinall peace was offered, whiche
he refused, and leauing his ſonger ſonne Geta to gouverne
the province, (being the hyther part of the Ile) he with Baf-
lianus hys eldest ſonne entred into the Poizthe, and passed &
ſurther parte of thys Ilande without any refiftaunce: yet by
ambushes, difficultie of the way, & other inconueniences, he
loſſ, 50000. men, and then returned, enſoſcing the enemies
to conclude a league, and yelde some parte of theyz Coun-
trey.

209

At conclusion of which league, when he and his ſonne rid
to treate with the Caledonians oz Poizthern Byptains, Bafsi-
anus his ſonne drawing his woode in the ſighte of the ene-
mie, was ready to haue flaine him, and had done it, had not
some of the company made an outcry: yet this fault was re-
mitted.

After this league, the Byptaines of the Poizth reſoſted to
the Emperours Courte, wher Iulia, Seuerus wife, obiected to
a woma of Brytaine, the wife of Argentorix the Caledonian, that
the

The Romanes.

59

the Brytishe women accompanyed wyth men diethonell ype, yea quoth the Brytishe woman, we satisfy the naturall luste in better softe than you Romaynes, soz we accompanye our selues openly wyth the belte menne, and you committe adulterie closely wyth molte byle persons. But after this league there was a generall revolte of the Bzytaynes againste the Romaines, which yet was pacifyed with great slaughter, and then he builte a Wall of Turfe, to inhi bite the Northern Bzytaines, from whence when he retourned, at the nerte lodging, a blacke Dore that serued him, a notable scoffer, mette him wyth a Crowne of Cypzés: hée moued with the colour of the man, and the Cypzés (whiche was then used at all burials,) as with lignes of euill lucke, commaunded the manne to be sente awaye, wherewith he cryed: Thou halle bene all in all, and haſt banquithed all, and now of a couquerour be thou a G D. Then comping to the Citie of Porke (as it is supposed,) he was by miffaking brought to the Temple of Bellona: blacke beaſts also being oſdayned soz sacrifice, followed him home to his Wallace: which things these then dyd accept to be ominous.

Seuerus v. v. 211.

Spartianus.

S hortly after he departed out of this life at Porke, partly
through ſicknſe, and partly through grieſe conceived of his
ſonnes euill demeanoure. At his last gaspe he diſtered these
words: I found the ſkate troublesome every where, and leaued
it quiet even to the Bzytaines.

Herodian Writeth, that in these wars of Seuerus againſt P
North Bzytains, he founde their Country full of watry Ma
rithes: by those marishes did the Britains Swim and Skirmish
with their enemies, being couered with water vp onſo the
Pauell, not caring that men saw the priue partes of theyz
naked bodies. Nepther dyd they knowe the use of apparel,
but accustomed to compasse theyz bellyes and neckes onely
with Iron, which they estæmed an ornament e token of riches,
as other barbarous people supposed of Gold. Thep papnted
their bodies with diverse pictures and ſoſmes of beaſtes,
and thereforſe ware no garmente, leaſke the painting should.

be

Héroditius.

The Romanes.

be hidden, being a nation very valiant, and warlike, greedy of
laughter, and content only with a small target, a speare,
and a kayne hanging by their naked sides, ignozaunt of the
byle of thyrtes of mayle and helmets, for they reckned it same
comberous unto them, when they Thould be swinme over the
lakes etc.

A gréuous disease came upon Seuerus, being soore appal-
led with age, so that he was constrained to keepe his chamber
and sende Antonius onto the warres: but Antonie not regar-
ding the businesse of Wrytaine, endeauoured by all meanes
he coulde, to winne the hartes of the Souldiours onto hym,
depzauing his brother, to the intente thep Thoulde only aide
him to the attayning of the Soueraintie. The long maladie
of his Father, caused him to perswade Phisitions to rid the
olde man out of the worlde, until that Seuerus, being conflu-
med, ended his life, who was the mosse famous of all Emper-
ours in warlike affaynes: For none other had obtayned so
many victories and conquests, either ciuill against his aduer-
saries, or for payne against the barbarous nations. Thus de-
ceased he, after he had governed the Empire the space of vart.
yeares, leauing his Sonnes for successeours in the same: onto
whom he left also greate aboundaunce of riches, as none of
his predicellours had before hym done. When Antony had
gotten the supreme authoritie, he put to death the Phisitions,
by cause they obeyed not his commaundemente in haftning
hys Fathers deathe: and clewe all his owne, and brothers
bringers vp and instructers, for that they wente about to re-
concile them, leauing none aliue, that was epther of dignity,
or had reverenced his Father. The Captaines of the army,
he enticed, to perswade the Souldiours to proclavme him on-
ly Emperour: imagining daply manifold mischiefes against
his brother: but he could not win the Souldiours good willes.
Wherefore Antony, having taken truce with the Britans,
remoued towardes his mother and brother. Their mother
laboured to bring them to agréement, wherein also, many
prudente Counsellours earnestly travelled. Antony thereby
was

The Romanes.

61

was induced, rather of force, than good will, to counter-
kaite loue. After which done, the two bezethen governing y
Empire with equal honour, launched out of Bzptaine, and
sapled with the reliques of theyz Father toward Rome. For
when they had burned the bodye (as was the cultome of the
Komaines) they carried the ashes, (intermedled with plea-
saunt odours, in a Bore of Alabaster) to Rome, that it mighte
be ther entered amongst the monuments of other Princes.
Themselues led thus their army, as conquerors of Bzptain,
& passed over y Ocean unto the next coaste of Fraunce, and so
hallowed towards Rome. When they were entred into Rome, all
the people crowned with Laurel, recevued, and the Senate
welcomed them. Formost roade the Emperours themselues,
clothed in Imperial purple. And nexte unto them followed
the Consuls, bearing the vessel with Seuerus reliques. With
the vessel, the people, after they had saluted the newe Em-
perour, did reuerently worshippe. The Emperours & Con-
suls being thus accompanied wyth Princely pompe, carved
the same into the Temple, where the devine monuments of
Marcus, and other Emperors, are sene. After they had fini-
shed the solemn sacrifice, and according to y auntient usage,
celebrated the Funeral ceremonies, both the bezeth depar-
ted into the Imperiall palace: which they deuided betwene
them, closed vp all backe dores, and priute posterns, & mette
fogither only at y outter gates. They chose besides either of
the vnto himselfe a foundy guarde, & neuer came togethier
buleffe it were sometime for a little while to be sene of the
people. Neuerthelesse, firste of all, they accomplished the due
Funerals of their Father. For the Komaines accultome to
consecrate with immortallitie, such Emperours, as at theyz
death, leave either childen, or successeures in the Empire
behinde them. And those which are endued with that honoz,
they canonize amongst the Gods. There is through the Cit-
tie, a certaine dolefull lamentation, mixed with fearefull
joy. And they use to enterre the dead corpse very sumptuou-
ly. But then, they have an Image, made as like the deade
Emperoz,

Emperoz,

The Romanes.

Emperour, as may be. The same, within the Pozche, of the
Emperial Pallace, they lay in a gret and high bed of Juozie,
couered ouer with cloth of gold. The same Image loketh bea-
ry pale, like a diseased patient. About the bed on eyther side,
a great part of the day, do certayne persons it. That is to wit
on the left side, the Senate, clothed in blacke garments ; and
on the right side, many matrones. None of these are sène to
weare any ouches, or chaynes of golde, but being clad wyth
thinne white beffures, they shew the countenauce of mour-
ners. And thus doe they continue the space of seuen daves :
during the which, every dave the Emperours Phisitions do
repayre vnto the bed, and, as though they had felt the patièts
Pulles, declare that he wareth more licke than hefoze. Fi-
nally, when it seemeth that he is deceased, certain of the moft
noble and wortbye yong men, of the orders of Knightes and
Senatoiz, doe take vp the bedde on theyz shoulders, and ca-
ry it through the strète, called Sacra via, vnto the olde market
place, where the Romain magiltrats are accustomed to rem-
der vp their Offices. There on both sides, are certaine stages
made with steppes, vppon the whiche, on the one side, is a
queare of Boyes, being noble mens sonnes, and on the other
side are many beautiful women, singing Hinnes and Bal-
lades, in prayse of the deade Emperour, measured with di-
uerse lamentable verses. When these are finished, the yong
men do take vp the bedde againe, and beare it out of the Ci-
tie, into the field called Campus Martius, in the bzaadest part
whereof, there is erected a Towre foure square, with sides
of equall height builded of great Timber, like vnto a Taber-
nacle. The same within fozthe, is filled wyth drye chippes,
and Reedes: And on the outter side, it is hanged wyth Arras
clothes of golde, and decked with Images of Juozie, and
sunday painted pictures. Within it also, is another lesse
Towre, but like in forme, with dwzes and Poztals opened.
And ouer that, the third and fourth, with many other roomes
ascending continually, vntill they retche vnto the highest,
which is lesse than all the other. A man maye compare this
building

The Romanes.

building onto Towzes, whyche are sette in hauens, wyth
fire on the toppes, to dirette chippes whiche saple by nighte
on the Seas, into thez perfecte portes. The same are com-
monly called Phani. Polwe when they haue putte the bed
in the seconde Tabernacle, they gather all kyndes of spi-
ces and perfumes, wyth diverse odorous fruites,
Dearbes, and iuyces, the whyche they throwe on heapes in
the Tabernacle. Herther is there anye Nation, Citie, or
Person, whyche excelleth in honoure, or dignytie, but at
that tyme, wyll to the ottermolte of hys power, most ho-
norablye celebrate the latt[e] Funeralles of the Empe-
rour.

When they haue couched a greate heape of Spices togi-
ther, and kuffed the building therewith, all the Romayne
Knightes doe ride aboute the Towre, with a iuste course
and order two and fro : Chariots are also drawne aboute,
wherein manpe doe sitte, clothed in purple, representyng
the persons of all noble men being Magillrates and Cap-
taines of Rome.

The Ceremonies being throughly ended, the Succellour
in the Empire, taketh a brande of fire in his hande, and ki-
reth therewith the Tabernacle. After Whome, all other that
are prsetent, doe throwe fire likewise into the same. And im-
mediately, all the building being filled with those drye
stickes and spices, beginneth to burne behementlye. Then
out of the highest and leaste Towre, as out of a hygh People,
is let forth an Eagle, the which they belieue, doeth beare
the Emperours Soule into Heaven. And from thence-
forth the is that Emperour worlpped as the other Gods.

From this time to the raigne of Dioclesian, for the space
of 72. yeares, there is nothing recorded in our Histories hy-
thereto published concerning Brytaine : but where as it is
manifest that the Soueraintie of Bryptain resteth in the Romain
Emperours al that space, I wil set them here downe succes-
sively.

After

64

The Romanes.

212

Hercdinn.

218

After Seuerus, Bafarianus surnamed Antonius Carracalla, murdering his brother Geta, succeeded in the Empire. He was cruel to his people: he founded the Bath in Rome, which is called Antonians: he was out of measure given to sensual vice, and carnal concupiscence in so much, that he espoused his mother in law Iuba. He was murdered by Martialis when he had governed his peares.

Macrinus one peare.

Antoninus Elagabalus.it.yeare.

222

Seuerus Alexander, who was flayne by his Gouldiers here in Brytaine, in a village called Sicila, but other sape in Fraunce.xi.yeares.

Lampridius
victor.

226

Iulius Maximus.it.peares.

238

M. Antonius Gordianus j.peare.

239

Antonius Gordianus the sonne.bj.peare.

245

Iulius Philippus the first Christian Emperor. b.peare.

250

Decius.t.yeares.

252

Trebonianus Gallus, and Vibius Hoftilianus.t.yeares.

252

Iulius Ænilianus. 4. monthes.

254

5 Licinius Valerianus.bj.

2 Licinius Gallicinus.rb.

At this time there arose in diverse Countreys. 30. Surpers, which are called the. 30. tyzants, of the which Lollianus Posthumius, Victorianus Tetritius, as it is supposed, kepte Brytaine from Gallicinus.

269

Flauius Claudius.t.y.

Aurelianus. 5.

276

Tacitus.bj.monthes.

Florianius.it.monthes.

277

Aurelius Probus.b.peares. In which time Bonefus a Brytaine borne, but brought home in Spaine, bearing least he hold be executed because the Germaines had burnt certaine beffels in the Rhene, whereof he had charge, wasurped the Empire with Proculus at Colen, and would have exempted from the Romains, Brytaine, Spaine, and part of Fraunce: but being baquited by Probus in a long and soze battale, he tangled himselfe,

Tropifons.

The Romanes.

65

himselke: soure sedition was then raised in Brytaine, and appeased by Victorinus a Moore, by whose motion Probus had made him regent of Bzptain, whiche was causer of this trouble. Thys Probus permitted the Bzptaines and others, that they might haue vines and make wine. After he had raigned flue peares, he was slaine by the Souldiours.

Aius then succeded him, with his two sonnes Numenius, and Carinus, to whiche Carinus he alligned Brytaine Gaule, (called Fraunce) Illiricum, Italie, and Spaine, but all thazee within thazee peares space lost their liues.

282
Vopifens.

Alerius Dioclesianus was then chosen Emperour, who adiopned Maximianus unto hym in lyke gouerament.

284

Abouke thys tyme, holp Alban for professing Christ, being ledde from the Cittie of Verolamium, unto Holmehurst, where nows the towne of Saint Albans is builded, suffered martzdome, who is specified to be the first Partyze of Brytaines and thoztly after to the number of one thousande Christs, were martzed at Lichfielde, where Amphabole, infructer of Alban, was taken, broughte to Verolamium, and there tozmented to death.

Vita Albani.

Liber Lichfielde.

Caraufius was appointed to be admirall of the Brytaine Seas, whiche were soze troubled by the Pyzacies of the Franckes and Saxons: but when he had oftentimes appezehended the Pirates, and nepther reserved the prizes, or was accountable for it, nepther to the Emperours, nor his deputies, it was suspected that of set purpose he permitted these Rouers to hane recourse thzough those Seas, to the ende hée mighte rifle them, and inrich himselt. Maximianus therfore sent part of his armye to suppzelle him, in which were manye of the Thebane legion, who in thys journey were slayne, by his commaundemente, and made martyzes bycause they ptofesled Christ.

Referred.

Caraufius understanding of the preparatiò made against him, passed out of Gaule into Brytaine, where bringing the Countrey to hys obeysaunce, he vsurped the Roabe of

C. an

["The Romanes.", "an Emperour : whereupon they whiche were sente to surpisi se him, retourned to Maximianus, who then was encumbered with newe warre in Gaule, agaynste the Peasantes.", "In the meane time Carausius built chippes in Bypayn, intercepted certayn companies of souldiours, assembled a great number of barbarous people with spople, with hope of whome he purposed to trouble the sea coasts of Gallia & Spaine. Holland (also then holden by certayne Frankes) revolted to Carausius.", "Then purposed Maximianus the secondeyme to make warre agaynste Carausius, but by skormye (weather, and wante of Pilotes, hee was enforced to deferre his purpose, leaping the gouvernement of thys Ile to Carausius.", "Shoztlye after, the two Emperours elected two Cæsars, Valerius Maximus, and Constantius Chlorus, to which Constantius they committed the reconerie of Bypaine. Hæ immediatelie passing thzough Gaule hytherwarde, sodapnely surpised Gefferiacum, nowe called Bullen, (whiche Carausius had manned,) and so stopped the Hauen, that it could stande Carausius in no stede. Then building chippes to palle ouer hither, he first assapled luckily the Hollanders, whiche had revolted to Carausius : and then staying soz convenient winde, he houered a while on the sea coaste, and in the meane tyme Carausius was [traptozously] slayne by Alectus his familiar friende.", "A Lbertus then blurped the Empire here in Bypayne, agaynste whome Constantine wyth his former preparation made readye for warre, and launched out in halle, thoughe the winde was contrarie : Whyche when hys souldiours under code, they sette out also wyth side windes out of the Seyne and other Pوزts, in suche foggie and mystie weather, that they passed by Alectus Panie, then houering soz them aboute the Ile of Wighte, not fixing one the other.", "The", "288", "291", "Paree, Constanth\nius distine", "292", "Seynes", "The", "chippes, which were pared himsoultours, and greate mone.", "In this the fielde among us was oynamed.", "Other companies great the battel.", "With the rest they won the thaldb.", "The king of thee.", "After he was in his long, low, and slowAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAYAY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The Romanes.

The Romaines as some as they landed burnte they
Whippes, determining either to winne, or lose their lives,
which when Alexander understode, he left the shore, and pre-
pared himselfe for battaille with his Mercenarie barbarous
souldiers, in which he was flaine, by Alexander Lozde
greate master of the Emperours house.

In this fight none of the Romaynes perished, but here al
the field wasouersped with deade bodies of the enimies,
among whom lap Alexander himselfe, without any Imperiall
ornamentes, and scantly knowne.

Other Romaine souldiers also whiche had loste they
companpe in the myste, arrived at London, sowe in the Ci-
tie greate number of barbarous people whiche escaped from
the battaille, and purposed to haue sacked London.

Then when Constantius came a lande, the Brytains
with their wies and children flocked vnto him, and submit-
ted themselves fully, being nowe deliuered out of a long
thaldome.

This expedition of Constantius into Bzptain, is ascri-
bed by some to Maximianus, into which error a false inscrip-
tion of the Panegirike hath led them.

Asclepiodatus as is before touched, recovered Bzptaine,
the belayde the Citie of London with a stronglie slege, where-
in was Liuius Gallus the Romaine Captaine: and ere it wer
long, by knightly force and violence, entred the Citie, and
flew the sozenamed Gallus, neare vnto a bwoke there at that
dape running, into whiche bwoke he threwe him, by reason
wherof, it was called in Bzptish Nant Gallon, since in the Sa-
xon tongue Gallus or Wallus bwoke : and this dape, the
streete where some time the bwoke ranne, is called Wal-
brooke.

Oill after Alexander heoke on him the Kingdome of
Brytaine.

Onstantius begã his Empire with Gallerius, the Empire
was deuided betwæn them: so that Constantius shoulde
posseſſe Africa, Italie, Franſce, and Brytaine : Gallerius

C. y.      Thoulde

68

The Romanes.

Thoulde haue Ill. rica, Asia, and the Caſt parſes : whiche done,
they Subſtituted vnder them two Cæſars. Cōſtantius holding
himſelfe content with the dignitie of Augustus, reſuted to ſu-
ſtaine the trouble whiche he Thoulde haue endured through
the admiſtration of the affaires of Italie and Aſfricke. hee
sought by all meaneſ howe he mighte enriche the people of
the Empire. He abolished the Superſtition of the Gentiles in
his dominions, so that afterwarde Brytaine ſelt no perſecuti-
ons. The peare following he paſſed out of Fraunce hyther a-
gainſt the Pictes, at whiche time his ſonne Conſtantine, who
then ſerued Galerius, percepuing his deſtruction to be com-
passed, poſſed to his Father in al haffe, howghing & killing
the poſt hoſſes, whych way to euer he paſſed, that he mighte
not be purſued, and came to his Father the verſe houre that
he wente aboſde to come into Brytaine : but Conſtantius as
ſone as he came to Yorke, sodainely ſickneſ, and percepuing
his daye to dzalwe neare, when he was asked to whome hee
woulde leaue the Empire, anſwered, to Conſtantine, and
hoſtly after departeſ.

Pangiricus.

306

Conſtantine ſurnamed the great, ſonne of Conſtantius by
Helena, firſt consecrated, hys Father being noſe deade,
and with ſo great ſoſrowe and ſteading of teares, ſolempni-
zed his burial, that the ſouldiours hoping he would ſemble
hys Father, saluted him Emperour at Yorke against his wil-
but when the Romaine Senate had confirmed hys election
with theſz consent he willingly accepted it. And the pere ſo-
lowing setting the affayzes of Bzptaine in order, he paſſed
hence wyth manye Brytaines, firſte agaynſte the Frankes
whome he vanquſhed, then agaynſte Maxentius an A-
ſurper, whome he ſlewe: and afterwarde agaynſte Lici-
nus who named hymſelfe Emperour, whome also he ſub-
dued. Many barbarous nations also were by hym diſcom-
ſtited. He eſtablyſhed the Cospell in hys Empyze, and
after hym all Emperourſ were Chriſtians. In the
firſte beginning of hys rapgne, hee was worſhpe to
haue bene compared wyth the belle and chieſſt Princes of
the

the Romaine
reſemble
given to
had god
industrie
After
the Go
payne a
the ſtud
love of
ſame by
he made
And as
he died
Euf
the la
of the
Al
zed in
he who
H
Conſt
Hel
the Cr
red the
Chur
ſter.
Al
nern
ſent
conſi
ti
Co
the
laſt to
Choulo

The Romanes.

69

the Romaines that ever were: and at the ende thereof, to be
resembled to such as were of the meaner sort. He was much
given to purchase prayse and fame by feates of cheualrie: hee
had good fortune in battaille, and yet not so good, but that his
industrye excelled it farre.

After he had repelled the ciuill warres, he banquished
the Gothes in diuerse places: and wanne greate memorie of
prayse among the Barbarians: He applied himselfe wholly to
the studye of the Liberal artes: he endeauozed to gayne the
loue of the people, through his well deservings, seeking the
same by his great liberalitie. The Cittie whiche he builte,
he made it able to compare (in manner) with Rome it selfe.
And as he made preparation for battaille against the Parthians,
he died at Nicomedia.

Constantinople.

Eusebius writeth that Constantine was baptised firste in
the last daves of his life in Gracia, in the Cittie of Nicomedia,
of the Bithoppe there.

Kafesbúscus

Also Sozomenus & Theodoritus write, that he was bapti-
zed in his latter daves a little before his death, when he will
he should dye, in the xxxi. yere of his Empire.

Sozomenus.

He left behinde him three sonnes, to witte Constantinus
Consans, and Constantius, to succede him in the Empire.

Theodoritus.

Helen the mother of Constantine the great, at Jerusalem soild
the Crosse on the which Christ suffered his passion, the repair-
ed the Citie of Jerusalem, and adozed it with manye fayze
Churches.¹ She builded walles aboute London and Colche-
ster.

About this time Octavius whom Constantine had left go-
ernour in this Ilande, rebelled, against whom Constantine
sents Traherne wyth a legion of Romaines, who (after diuerse
conflicts) was slaine. Gratianus surnamed Funarius, was at
this time gouvernour of the Romaine legions here.

O Hanius,
Simon Duniemant
fis.

Constantinus beganne his Empire and raigne ouer Bry-
stain: to him his Father Constantine had appointed by his
lakte will, that his two children Constans and Constantius
thoude participate and haue the p[os]tion of the Empyre,

C. if.

but

337

The Romanes.

but not long after, when Constantinus attempted warre
agapnte hys brother at Aquileia, and demeaned hym selfe
bnaudifedly therein, he was slayne, and then was the
Empire reduced under the gouernement of the two hylles:
only.

Constans then ruled Bzptain, which he administred with
greate iustice: but after when he kapled of hys health, he
associated vnto him in stede of friendes, euill desposed perſons
to affift him, throughe whole euill counſell he declyned into
horrible vices, by means whereof, waring ſtant tollerable
of the inhabitantes of the prouinces, he was slaine by Mag-
nentius, who bſurped the Empire in France, Spaine, & Brytaine
also as some write.

Constans then had the regiment of Bzptaine, who ſent
Chither a Spaniarde called Paule, a notarie by pruſation, to
bzing out certaine men of warre whiche had conspired wth
Magnentius: but he bpon false ſurmiſes grieuouſly moleſted
the guiltlesse, fettering and manacling whome he pleased.
Wherebou Martinus, then lieuetenant in Bzptaine, being
moued with compassion, desired him to ſoſure the harme
leſſe: but he was ſo rigorous, that he also charged Martinus
himſelſe of conspiracie with Magnentius, and was earneſt to
bzing him before the Emperour: wherebou Martinus da-
wing his word ſmit at him, and bycauſe he could not slaye
him, he ſodainely ſlewe himſelſe, and Paule embued with
bloud, haled a gret company (linked in chaynes to the Em-
perours presence, which were eſther banifhed, executed, or
attainted.

Constantius after this appointed Iulianus to gouerne
Gaule (oz Fraunce) at whiche time greate ſpoyle was made in
Bzptaine by the Scottos and Pictes, whereſoſe Iulianus buſed
with warre against the Almains, ſente Lupcinus hyther with
an arimpe, in whose absence Iulianus bſurped the Empyre:
whereof when' Constantius hearde, he retourned from the
warre (againſt the Parthians,) againſt Iulianus, and dyed in
the way.

Iulianus.

340

353

Amianus.

Martinus.

Amianus
Marcellinus

The Romanes.

71

Vlianus (called the *Apostata*) began his raign ouer Brytain
& the Empire, a mâsên passing wel in the Liberal Scièces,
but an earnest aduerfarie of Chriſtian religion: he banifhed
Palladius a gret and honozable perſon into Bryptain, upon a
ſupſition: he ſent Alpius who had bin lieuen tenaunt of Bry-
taine to repaire Ieruſalem, but terrible flatches of fire iſuing
out of the Earth, when they layde the foundations, enſozced
them to leaue theyz purpose. This Iulian with great prepa-
rations made war upon the Parthians, he ſpopled Aſſiria, and
retournyng from thence a congueroz, he was ſaine by hys e-
nimes, as he preafed vnaduisedly into the battels. After him
succeded in the Empire Ieninian, and held it. ir. monthes.

362

Ammtanae.
Marcellinus.

Alentinian was then chosen Emperoz by the ſouldiers.
The Pikes, Scottes, Attacots, and Saxons, grieuouſly mole-
ſed the Brytaines. Nectaridius who had the charge of the Sea
coastes here, was ſaine by them, and Bulchobandes a greate
Captain was encloſed by them: wherfore after diverse Cap-
faines, Theodotius was ſent hither, who diſcomfiting the e-
ninie, and recouering the ſpople, entred triumphantly into
London, and the next yeare wët into the North, ſuppaffed the
enemies, recouered the province, and repaired Cities, ſoſ-
trefles: he oppaſſed Valentinus an Hungarian, who being ba-
niſhed hither, pzaaſſed new tumults, delinuering him to Dul-
citus to be ſeAUDed, without any enquirie of his confederats,
by cause he would not renew the tumult: whiche done, he re-
turned to Rome. Shortly after Valentinian ſente hither Frao-
marius (which he before had ordayned king of the Buccenobats
in Germanie) to be marshall of the Almaines whiche ſeruod in
Bryptain. And not long after Valentinian dyed.

365

Marcellinus.

Dulcitus.

Ratian with his brother Valentinian was then created
Emperour. He to the intent he might better repaire the
decaped state of the Empire, made Theodotius a copartener
with him in it.

375

Aximus a valiaunt & woſthy man was shorty after ſoſ-
ced here in Byptain to take the Empire upon him, who
paffed into France, and immediately al the Germaine legions

383

E, jg.

and

Julian

The Romanes.

and Romaine souldiours revolfed onto hym from Gratian,
so that hee being deffitute of men of warre, fledde to Lyons,
where he was flapne by treason : so Maximus gaue out that
Gratians wife was comming to hir hufbande, whiche Grati-
an interiely louing hys wife, lightlye credited, and therfore
accompanyed wyth a fein, wente sothe to meete hyz : but
in the Coache where he supposed to haue founde hys wife,
was Andragatius a desperate man, who leaping out of the
Coache killed Gratian.

Then Maximus created his sonne Victor a Cæsar, and
bſed some crueltie against Gratians Captaines. Valentinian
being herewith terrifyed, ſent S. Ambrose onto him to treate
a peace, which he accepted, and Theodotius permitted him to
beſe the title of Augustus. Then he setled himselfe at Trier in
Germanie, empourioſhed the Countrpes rounde about hym,
erecuted certaine Hereticks called Priscillians, and then en-
tred into Italie, breaking the peace, and thought to haue inter-
cepted Valentinian, but he with his mother fledde to Theo-
dotius, and persuaded him to take reuenge of Maximus. In
the meane time Maximus came to Aquileia, all Italie and
Aſtrica ſubmitted themſelues onto him, when ſodainelye
Theodotius comming from Constantinople, moued warre a-
gainſt him, cozrupted his ſouldiours with brybes, and after
one or two ſkirmiſhes enſoſced Maximus to flye to Aquileia,
where his owne ſouldiours deliuered him to Theodotius, by
whose commaundement he was ſhortly after beheaded. An-
dragatius also who kept the ſeas, underkanding this, obwo-
ned himſelfe, and Victor the ſonne of Maximus was ſlaine
in Fraunce by Arboguſtes. The Brytaines which ſerued him
retourned into Fraunce, and setled them in the Countray
there, which is now called Brytaine, so was Brytaine recon-
red againe to the Romaines Empire.

Sant Vrſula, with the 11000 Virgins, which were ſente
into Brytaine to be married to Conon and hys Kynghes,
were ſlaine and martyped of the barbarous people being on
the sea. But, as ſonne Wite, by Attila, King of the Huns.

Honorius

Loximine.

Figeberius.

Giralduo.

The.11000:
Virgins.

Flores Historiarum.

Honorus
pire, in
the benom
holding, th
grace of Co
who was in
rike, to wh
aninered in
nended the
rather tou
than amen

This is
poure in
immediat
also they
are.

Then
on confin
who pa
gate all
norius ſe
ten field
fued Con
he charp
and Ede.

Then
Carrisfo
had ma
towe, an
to Hono
gouver
of Hono
by comp
that he

In the
Pictes an
lending

The Romanes.

73

365

Honorius, the sonne of Theodotius, succcéded in the Em-
pire, in whose time Pelagius, a Brytaine borne, disparckled
the venome of his faithhesse Doctrine very farre abzoade,
holding, that a man might liue well without the help of the
grace of God : vsing hærein the ayde of Iulianus of Campania,
who was intemperately stirred with the lolle of his Bishop-
rike, to whome Saint Austen, and other Fathers also haue
answered in most ample maner, but yet they would not be a-
mended thereby, but being convicted of their falshoode, they
rather would encreafe it by defending and mapntepning it,
than amend it by returning to the truth.

Ede.
Pelagius Herebie.

This time Marcus was chosen Emperoure by the Soul-
d poures in Brytaine, fearing the inuasion of the Vandales, but
immediately they flewe him, and elected Gratianus, whome
also they murthered within foure monethes.

Lozimano.

Then Constantine, a Souldiour of base estate, onely bp-
on confidence of his name, was elected hære Emperoure,
who passing hence into France, with all the pouth of Brytaine,
gote all the men of warre there to take part with him. Ho-
norius sent therefoze Sarus to withhand him, who in aough-
ken field flew Iustiman, Constantines Captayne, and so pur-
sued Constance, that he made him take Valentia, wherein
he sharply beseeched him, vntill Gerentias with his Brytaines,
and Edebrichus with the francks rapted the séege.

Then Constance fortifyed the Alpes, and Rhene with
Garrisons, sent Constan his sonne (whome of a Monke he
had made a Cæsar) with a great Armie into Spayne, where he
toke, and afterward flew certayne noble personages allyed
to Honorius, and returning to his Father, left Gerontius to
gouverne Spayne. Constantius himselse then craued pardon
of Honorius for vſurping the Empire, saying, that he did it
by compulsion, which when Honorius heard, he so wel liked,
that he sent an Imperiall Roabe vnto him.

In these troubles, Brytaine was greatly endangered by
Pilles and Scottes, and fued to Honorius for succoure, but he
fending them only Letters, willed them to loke to their

E.b.

swne

t from Grac-
fledde to Ly-
us gane oul-
, whiche Gu-
ed, and the-
meete hys
unde hys in
ping out al

r a Cæsar, a
es. Valentin
o him to tru
ermined him
selse at Th.
be about by
s, and the
o to have in
fledde to Th.
Maximus,
, all Silex
hen sodar-
noued warr
ybes, and w
pe to Agde
Theodotiu
beheaded.
ing this, bu
nus was fl
ich served b
the Count
ptaine rem

the were til
ys Kingdou
ple being u
the Homem.
Honors

["74", "The Romanes.", "Nicephorius.", "Beade,", "Alcluith.", "owne state. Shortly after Constance, that was Honke, was Clayne by Gerontius his owne Captayne, at Vienna in France: and Constantine himselfe being beswced at Arles by Honorius Souldiers, entred into holy orders, and fled into the Church, thinking thereby to saue himselfe, but was dzeiden out from thence, and Clayne. Gerontius who had trayterously killed his Haufer, was besetcke rounde aboute with Spanyards in his Lodging, wherefoze he first flew Allanus his trped friend, then Nunichia his wive, and lastly himselfe, and now Honorius recovered Brytaine. In his time (faith Beade) Rome was destroyed of the Gothes, the 164. yeare after it was buylde:d: after which time the Romanes left to rule in Britaine, after almost 470. yeares, that Julius Caesar first entered the sayd Ile. The Romanes dwelt within the trench, which as we haue sayd, Seuerus dzelew ouerthwart the Iland at the South part, which thing may appeare by the Cities, Temples, Widesges, and paused stræfes to this day remayning, notwithstanding they had in possession, under their dominion farther parts of Britaine, and also the Ilands which are about Brytaine. By meanes (as is aforesayd) the Romanes had vsed to transpoxt with them ouer into France the floure of all the youth of Brytaine, to serve the in their fozaigne warres, their men of warre were consumed, and was not now able to defende theselues against the inuasions of their enimies: whereupon many yeares together they liued under the oppession of two most cruel Pations, the Scottes, the Pichles, which were of the circuite of Britaine, but denided from the lande of Britaine by two armes of the Sea, running betwixt them, of the which one from the East Sea, the other from the West, runneth in farre and wide into the land, though they may one reake to the other. In the middle of the East croske, there is a Citie builded called Guidi. Aboute the West croske toward the right hand standeth a Citie called Alcluith, which in their language is as much to say, as the Rocke Cluth, for it standeth by a Flond of the same name. The Britaines then being thus affiliaed by the said nations, sent their Embassadors with Letters unto", "Rome,", "Rome, with and without him, were there present: the diers from whom they were brought, and the dianes of the them at Rome, where they were made by the miles that went with them, and the miles that went out of the city, with the galleys of the which they were made, and the miles that went out of the city, with the galleys of the which they were made, and the miles that went into the city, with the galleys of the which they were made, and the miles that went into the city, with the galleys of the which they were made, and the miles that went out of the city, with the galleys of the which they were made, and the miles that went out of the city, with the galleys of the which they were made, and the miles that went into the city, with the galleys of the which

The Romanes.

Rome, with lamentable supplications, requiring of them apd and succour, promising them their continuall fealtie, so that they would rescue the against; yet oppession of their enimies: wherebont there was sent onto them a legio of armed soul-diers from Rome, which coming into the Island, with stringing with the enimies, ouerthrew a great number of them; and aue the rest out of the frontiers of the countrey, so setting them at liberty, free from the miserie with which they were before so greenuously ouercharged, counselled them to make a wall betwene the two seas, which might be of force to keep out their euill neyghbours: and done, they returned home with great triumph. But the Britaines building a wall which they were bid to make, not of stone as they were willed, but of turcke, as having none amog the that had in therin, made it so slender, it if served the to little purpose. This wall they made betwene two said armes on crèkes of the Sea, many miles long, that where the fence of the water lacked, there by the help of a trench they might kepe their country from breaking in of their enimies, of which pace of wozke, there remapneth euen onto this day moft assured tokens yet to be seene. This trench beginneth about two miles from the mona-terry of Abercuring, in a place which in the Picles language is called Pennahil, and in English is called Pamrelt, and running out Westward, is ended by the City of Alcluth. But the for-mer enimies, where they had once perceived the Romane Le-gion was returned home againe, forthwith being set on land by boates, inuaded the borders, ouercame the countrey, as it were beate downe all before the: wherebont Embassadoors be sent again to Rome, beleeching the they would not suffer their miserable countrey to be utterly destroyed. Againe, there is sent another legion, which coming upon a suddaine, made a great slaughter of them; enimies, chased the ouer into their own country. Then the Romanes told the Britaines, it was not their ease to take any moze such trauellous journeys for their defence, and therefore bade the to practise their armoure them-selves, and learne to withstand their enimies.

They

Penuelali

The Romanes.

Whep builded vp a Wall of hard Stone from Sea to Sea,
right betwene the two Cities, whiche there were made to
kæpe out the Enimie, in the selfesame place where Seuerus
befoze had callt his Trench with publike and private char-
ges : the Brytaines also putting to their helping hands,
they then builded it eyght fote broade, and twelue fote
high, right as it were by a line, from East, to West, as it
both to this nap appeare, which being perfected, they give
the people straight warning to loke well to themselues,
they teach them to handle their weapen, and infruct them
in warlike keates. Also by the Sea side Southward, where
their Shippes lay at harboz, leaft their Enimies should land
there aboutes, they made vp Bulwarkes along, one some-
what diffant from another, and this done, bid them farewel,
as minded no more to returne. At this time almost all the
treasure of Bryt.une was hidde under ground, or transpozed
ouer into France.

Gildas Sapiens.

As some as they were gone, the Scottes and Pichles having
intelligence that they had made promise they woulde come
no more, they taking heart of grace, returne agayne to their
businesse: and firſt, all that was without the wall, they toke
for their owne. After that, they give assault vnto the wall,
where the Britaynes were with Craples pulled downe, and
otherwise so affaulted, that they leauing both the Cities and
the wall also, were dispersed and put to flight, the enemies
following, killed and slaped more cruelly, than ever they
did before, wherebpon being driuen out of their owne hou-
ses, and posſessions, they fall a robbing and spopling one the
other of them, so farre ſwelfth, that all the whole Countrey
was brought to that erigent, that they had none other suſſe-
nance, but that they gote by hunting, and killing of wilde
Beaſtes.

Theodotius the Ponger, ſonne of Arcadius, succeeded his
Uncle Honorius, and appopnted Valentinianus his Cow-
ſin, Emperour in the Weaſt partes.

At this time, Timothus here in Bystaine, under a pretence
of

Sigebertus.

The Romanes.

77

of Religion, and great continencie, drew many into a dangerous Heresie.

Christanthus, the Sonne of Byshop Martian, a Confull of Italy, was made Uiceroy, and Lord Deputie of Britayne : he was afterward made Bishop of Constantinople.

Socrates Lib.7.

Now the poze remnant of the Brytaines directed letters to Aetius, whereof this was the beginning: To Aëtius thrice Confull, the mourning of the Brytaines. In the processe of which Epistle, they thus set forth their pitifull estate. The barbarous enimie driueth vs vpon the Sea: the Sea agayne vpon the enimie : betweene these twayne riche two manner of deathes, eyther we are killed or drowned. And pety soz all their suite, they could obtayne no ayde of hym, as he whiche had then both his hands full of businesse and battaple at home with Bleda and Attila, Kings of the Hainnes.

446

The Pelagian Heresies being brought in by Agricola, the Sonne of Seuerianus, a Pelagian Bishop, about this time did soze cozrupt the faith of the Brytaines, but the Brytaines being neither willing to recepue their lewde Doctrine, as falsephemous againste the grace of God, nepther able to refute their wilie and wicked persuasions, they deuised this whole counsell, to seeke soz ayde of the Bishops of France, a-gainst these their spirituall enimies. And they calling a common counsell, consulted among themselves, whome of them all it were best to send to help their neighbours fayth. By the assent of them all there was chosen two wozzthie Pzelates, Germanus Altiliodorensis, and Lupus, Bishop of the Citie Trecaffa, whiche thoulde palle ouer into Britaine, to confirme them in the Faith, whiche with readie obedience, accepting the commandement of the Sinode, toke chipping thitherward, and had pzoferous windes, which set them alzoze in place where they themselves desired. Thither a great multitude of people being assembled, recepued the Priektes of God, and the word of God was preached by them, not onely in their Churches, but also in the open straetes, and in the Countrey, in such sort, that in all places both the found and faith

Pelogian Heresies

Germanus an. &
Lupus.

faith.

78

Brytans and Saxons.

faithfull were confirmed, and they that before swarn out
of the right faith, were amended. The Authoures and head
professors of this heretical erroz, lay lurking all this while,
and much spited to see the people daply to fall from them. Af-
ter long aduisation bled, they take upon them to try the
matter by open disputation, which being agreed upon, they
come woth richly appoynted,gorgeously apparelled, accom-
panyed with a number of flattering fauourers. The people
were present both to see and judge the matter. The parties
were farre unlike of condition:on the one side was the faith,
on the other man presumption:on the one side mœkenesse,
on the other pride: on the one side Pelagius, on the other
Christ. First of all Germanus and Lupus gaue their aduerfa-
ries leaue to speake, which baynely occupied both the tyme
and eares of the people with naked words, but after the re-
uerend Bishops poured out their words confirmed with scrip-
tures, out of the Catechisms and Apostles. Thus the vanitie of
Heretikes was convicted, and falsehode confuted, so that at
euer obiection, they were forced to confesse their error,
not being able to aunswere them: but after their departure,
the Heresie began againe to reuiue. Wherefore Germanus
returned into Britaine with Scuerus, banished the Heretiques
with banishment, and restor'd the faith.

The end of the *Remaynes* government in *Brytaine*.

Pelaſions Hereſiſe
conſuited.

Brytaines and Saxons.

The Brytaines continued in doubtfull Warre with the
Scottes and Piches, sometime bearing away the victorie, &
sometime leauing it to the enemie. But considering the am-
bitions minds of men, and fearing leaft some should blurpe
the Kingdome at home, while they were detepned with
warres abzoade, thought good to appoynte over them some
King: and so with one consent they elected Vortiger.

Vortiger reigned in Brytaine, in whose time hunger more
prenayling against the Brytaines, ozoue many of them to
yæld

447

Beade

Brytans and Saxons.

yceld themselues onto the hands of their enimies. Other
there were, which could neuer be brought theredunto, but
from the hils and brakes where they lurked, many tymes
inuaded their enimies, as trusting so much the more in the
help of God, how muche the lesse hope they had of ayde of
men, and by such meanes, firck of all both ressifed and ouer-
threw them, which many yeares together had lined by the
fpeople of the Countrey, whereby for the time they drewe
homeward with shame ynough, contending not long after
to returne. The Picles then, and long time after, kept them
selues quiet at home, saue onely they would now and then
make inuations into the land, and mine away botties of
Cattell. After that they drew to a quietnesse, there ensuing
such plentie of graine, as neuer was seene the like before, as
farre as any man could remember, whereof the people grew
to lose and wanton liuing, whereof all manner of lewde-
nesse followed, specially crueltie, hate of truth, and loue of
lying, in so much, that if any were gentler and more given
to truth than other, the other would wozke him all the hurt
and spite they could: this did not only the seculars, but also
the Cleargie, and the heads thereof, giuing themselues ouer
to drounkenellesse, pride, contention, enuie, and such other, ca-
ling from them the poke of Chzist.

Riot and civil
life the destru-
tion of the
Brytains.

In the meane season a bitter plague befell among them
for their corrupt liuing, consuming in short time such a mul-
titude of people, that the quicke were not sufficient to burie
the dead, and yet for all that, the remnant remapned so hard-
ned in sinne, that neyther their friendes death, nor feare of
their own, could cure the morrein of their soules, which day-
ly perished through their sinfull liuing: whereby a great e
stroke of Gods vengeance ensuing upon the whole sinnefull
nation: for being now infestèd againste with their old neigh-
bours the Scottes and Picles, they deuised with themselues
what was best to do, and where they might seeke reliefue to
withstand and repell the feare of the forresten nation: and
they agræd all with their King Vortiger, to demand apd of §

Saxons.

80

Brytans and Saxons.

Saxons beyond the seas, which thing doubtlesse (sayth Bede) was done by Gods owne appoyntmente, that the people mighte be thereby plagued, as by the ende it manifeetly appeared.

The people of the English or Saxons, being sent for of the
sayd King into Brytaine, landed hære in threé long Shippes,
and by the Kings commandement, are appoynted to abide
in the Calt part of the Land. And the Isle of Thanet was giu-
en to them, they to defend the Countrep like friendes, but
in dæde, as it proued afterwarde, minding to deltrop the
Countrep as enimies. Wherefore encountring with y�,
therne enimie, the Saxons had the better, whereof they sen-
ding word home into their Countrep, as alfo of the fruite-
sulnesse of the Land, the Saxons sente ouer a greater Pauie
and number of men better appoynted for the Wars, which
being now iopned with the former band, drew to a stronger
Armie than all the power of the Brytaines was able to ouer-
come. These by the Brytaines were allowed a place to dwell
among them, with that condition that they should warre for
them against their enimies, for wages of the Brytaines. These
Saxons, English, and Iuits, that came from beponde the seas,
were threé of the strongest nations in Germany. That is, the
Saxons, English, and the Vites, or Iuites. Of the Iuites, came the
people of Kent, and the Ile of Wight, and they in the province
of Wealt Saxons, are called of Iuites, right ouer against the Ile
of Wight. Of the Saxons (that is of that Region now called
old Saxons) descended the Calt Saxons, the South Saxons, and
the Wealt Saxons. Of the English, descended the Caffe En-
glish, the Mercies, and the Northumbers. The chieke Captaines
of the Saxons are sayd to haue bin two bræthren, Hingeſt, and
Horsus: this Hingeſt prepared a great banquet, appoynting
his Daughter (Rowan as some write) to attend at the table,
to the ende the might delight the Kings eye as he fate: which
thing was not done in dayne, for as the King was always
desirous to behold the beautie of Women, so was he straight
waves taken with the beautie and elegant behauiour of
this

Saxons sent for
into Brytaine.

Wil. Malmesberie.

Beade.

Wil. Malmesberie.

Brytans and Saxons.

this mayden, and without farther delay, desired to haue hir to his Wife, and woulde compell hir Father to consent therebunto, who in his heart was willing ynough withall, but for a subtiltie sayd nap, alleaging that so base a marriage was not mœte for the King, and holding himselve as agreed and not willing. All Kent was given him for a reward, to consent therebunto, in which countrey, all equitie and office was decaped, under gouernement of one called Gno-rongus, who notwithstanding was subiect unto Vortiger, as all the rest of the Princes of the Iland were.

For the loue that Vortiger bare to Rowayne the Saxon, he was deuotced from his lawfull Wife, by whom he had thzeë fonnes, for which dæde, welnere all the Britans forswoke him.

Vodine Archbishop of London, a man of singular devotion and good life, by the advice of Vortimer, wente to Vortiger, and sayd to him, that he had not done as a Christian Prince, in departing from his lawfull wife, and taking another woman, whose Father was an enimie to the Christian sayth, and also wente aboute to conquere the Crowne of Britaine: Then sayde Vortiger, I was not wife when I brought the Saxons to help me against mine enimies, but I was more thanwise, when I was taken with the inordinatè luft of the daughter of Hengist: I knowe that mine Empire will bee terrible, except I repent me with spæde and turne to God.

Archbishop of London representing the King.

Hengist hearing Vortiger make this lamentation, blamed him, for that he beloued the perſwasions of a profane man, of kayned life (as he tearmed him) and forthwith cleweth the good Archbishop Vodine, and many other Priekkes, and Religious persons. All the Churches in Kent were polluted with bloud, the Punnes, with other religious persons, were by force put from their houſes and goodes, and contrapned to pollution of their bodies.

Archbishop of London flayne.

The Britaines considering the dayly repaire of the Saxons into this Realme, shewed to their King the ieoperdy that might thereof ensue, and aduertised him of the danger, but

all J. F.

82

Brytans and Saxons.

all was in baine: fo; Vortiger, by reason of his wife, boze such
fauoure to the Saxons, that he woulde in no wile heare the
counsell of his subieues, wherefoze, they with one minde de-
priued him of his royall dignitie, when he had raigned fire
yeares, & o; deined to be their king Vortimere his eldest Son.

Vortimere pursued the Saxons, and by his martiall knight,
hode fought against them soure battailles, besides diuers
skirmithes, untill at length he was popsoned by the meanes
of Rowaine his stepmother, after he had raigned vi. yeares.

454

Marianus Scorus.
Floriacen. W. Gors
men.

The firſt battel, Hengeſt & Horſe fought with Wirtigerre (o; Vortimer as others haue) was in a place called Ægleſtrop, & notwithstanding that Horſe was ſlayne in this battell, yet Hengeſt caried alway v; victorie. The ſecond battell Hengeſt & Eske fought with v; Britaines, in a place called Crecanford. Of the Britaines many periled by the word, the rest of the aban- doned Kent altogither, and with great ſeare fled vnto London.

The third battell Hengeſt & Eske fought with the Britans
nere vnto a place called Weppedes floete, that is to ſay, v; Fleete
of Wepped, where they flew vij. Dukes o; Captaynes of the
Britaines, with many other, where as on the part of v; Saxons,
there was one only man ſlaine, whose name was Wepped.

The fourth battell was fought by Hengeſt & Eske againſt
the Britaines, who obtaining the victorie gote an innumerable
spoile, in whiche battell the Britaines fledde from the Angles.

Vortiger obteined againe the Ringdome, and ſhortly after
Hengeſt, which was chafed into the Ile of Thanet, entred
the land with a number of Saxons, but when he heare of the
great assembly the Britaines had made againſt him, he treated
fo; peace, which in fine was concluded. ſhortly after Hengeſt
(by a guile which before he had deuised) bid his Son in law, &
tij. C. of his Nobles vnto a feast o; banquet, where when he
had overlaid his gueltas with overmuch Waine, he ſel to qua-
relling, & with taunting talke, pinched every one of the, and
ſtraight ſel to fighting, wherethough the Britaines were ſlaine
every one. The King was taken prisoner, and ſoſed to give
fo; his ransome, Kent, Suffolk, Suffolk, & Northſolke. This mur-
ther of the Britans, was on v; plaine of Saleſbury. Then Hengeſt

460

W. Malme.

The Barons of
the Britains
ſlaine at a ban-
quet.

The King taos
ken prisoner.

began

Brytans and Saxons.

83

began his dominion ouer Kent, & Vortiger fled into Wales, & builded there a Castel, of which building, & log let of ý fame, and of his Zevophet Merlin, Gelfrey Monmouth, and others speake many things. Great companies of ý Saxos daply flocked into this Jland, & grew so strong, ý the people of ý Countrey which sent for the, kowde in great seare of their puissance, soz those Saxons had taken league with the Picts, & began to turne their force vp of the Britaines: and to be short, the fire once kindled in ý lands of the Paganes there, toke just revenge of ý wickednes of the people, raging first vp of the Cities of Countrey next adiopning, after from the Cast sea to the Wiccaft, ouerwhelming all the whole Jland without resistance: both publike & priuate houses were ouerthrowne to ý ground: the Priests were slaine standing at the altare: the Bishops with their flocke were murthered, without respect of their dignity, soz there was any that woulde bury the slaine: some of the miserable leanings being taken in the hilles, were there killed: other being starved with hunger, were slaine to creepe out of their caues, & bury their viscwall at their enimies hads with sale of their libertie soz euer, if they were not killed out of hand: other fled ouer the Seas with an heauie hearte: other tarying kill in their coustrep in seare of death, & lacke of kowde, lined ful miserably in ý Mountaines, woods, & Cliffes.

Aurelius Ambrose, and Vther (hymethen of Constantine) ý was before slaine in France) landed with a Banie of Ships at Totnes, made war upon Vortigerne, and buried him in his Castell in Wales, when he had secondly reigned by yeares.

A Vrelius Ambrose was ordered king of Britaine, in whose time, the Britaines by little & little began to take strength and courage unto the, comming out of their caues in whiche they lurked before, and with one consent, calling so heauely help, that they might not so euer be utterly destroyed, they had then for their Captaine a Romane, called Ambrolius Aurelius, a gentle natured man, which only of all the bloud of the Romanes remayned then alive (his parents being slayne) whiche bare the name of King of the Countrey.

This man being their Captayne, they assembled them:

F.fj. selues

Hengist King of
Kent.

Beade.

A miserable
state of the
Britaynes.

Feade.
Wil.Malme.

olfe, hope, helpe, heare, minde, and, reigned in, his, eld, in, earliest, in, the, mean, to, by, year, and, Wirtigerne, and, Agleff, and, battell, and, tell, Hengist, Creanford, of, the, and, to, say, þe, þa, þaynes, of, the, Saes, as, Weppes, to, the, earne, in, the, and, to, Thane, and, the, hearde, al, him, he, treat, after, Hen, s, son in, land, where, who, he, fell, to, one of, this, and, were, flan, forced to, plas, this, man, in, the, Hen, begin,

84

Brytans and Saxons.

selues together, and prouoking the victors to the flighte,
through Gods alliance atchieued the victorie, and from
that day forward, now the men of the Countrey, now the e-
nimie had the victorie, vntill the peare that Bathe was beſee-
ged, where they gaue their enimes a greate ouertholwe,
which was about the rliuy. peare of their comming into the
land: but of this we shall speake moze hereafter.

This Ambroſius cauſed the Churches to be repaired,
whiche had bin spoyled by the Saxons. He cauſed the greate
ſones to be ſette on the playne of Saleſburie, whiche is called
Stonehinge, in remembrance of the Britaines that were Slaine
and buried there in the time of Vortiger, at the banquet
and communication of Henſift with the Saxons.

A Saxon named Cella, with his threſe ſonnes, and a con-
pany of Saxons, landed in the South part of Britaine.

A Saxon named Porth, landed with his two ſonnes, Byda
and Meagla, at an Hauen in South-hamptonshire, after
whome the Hauen is named Portsmouth.

The third Kingdome of the East Saxons, began in Britain,
under Duke Vſta. Aurelius Ambroſius being popſoned,
Dyed when he had raigned 32. peares, and was buried at
Stonehinge, called Chorea Gigantum.

V
Ther Pendragon, so called, for that he caused always a
Dragon to be boorne before him in his battels, was crow-
ned King of Britaine: he banquited Ota and Oza at Wind-
gate by Coquet Riuer. He was enamored oppon Igren, the
Dukes Wive of Cornewall, and to obtayne his onlauſull luſt,
made warre vpō hir husband Goilen, and flew him in battell
at Duvilioc. On hir he begat Arthure. He raigned eyghtene
peare, and was buried at Stonhinge.

A
Rthure the ſonne of Vther boorne in Cornewall, at the age
of ſiſtene peares was crowned King of Britaine, as some
ſay at Caerleon, other at Wincheſter : one old nameleſſe pam-
ſet ſaith at Ciliceſter, by Dubritius Archbifhop of Legions.

This Citie of Ciliceſter in Britiſh is called Caier ſegent,
and was ſcituſate neere Reading. It was so called, for
that

Brute Booke.

Stonehenge be-
fides Salesburie,
Gade-Sins Tilhes
viensſis.

Kingdome of
the South
Saxons.
Agaric Scor.
Brute Booke.

Kingdome of
the East Angles.

498
Gafrid.
Arbor Succes.

416
Redennine.

Brytans and Saxons.

that Constantius, the sonne of Constantine the great dyed
there: his Sepulture might once haue bin ſene there besides
the Citie, as the Letters engranen on it in ſone did de-
clare. He toke to Wike Guinouer, Cousin to Cador Duke
of Cornewall, and Daughter to the King of Biscay.

Of this King there be many fabulous reports, but certaine,
he was a Prince (as Malmesberie ſaith) more wozzly
to haue aduancement by true Hiftories, than false Fables,
being the only proppe and upholder of this his Countrey.

In the beginning of his raigne, Lotho and Conradus his
allies, enuping his p[ro]speritie, made Warre against him,
but he valiantlye banquished them with their P[ic]tes and
Scottes, at his pleasure, and appoynted them a Couernoure
named Anguiffell. He fought twelue fieldes against the Sax-
ons, and alwayes bare alway the vicerie, of whiche, the last
was fought at Bath, where by his owne p[ro]owesse and man-
hode, he banquished nine hundred. Afterward he raysed the
ſeege which the Saxons had planted about Lincoln, and ſlewe
them in great numbers.

Thus hauing abated the rage of the Saxons, and reduced
his Countrey to quietnesse, he constituted the order of the
round Table, into which order, he only recepued such of his
nobilitie as were most renowned for vertue and chivalrie.
This round Table he kept in diuers places, but especially
at Caerleon, Winchester, and Camalet in Somerset-thire.

There is yet to be ſene in Denbighshire, in the parish of
Llansanan, in the ſide of a county hill, a place compasse, where-
in be foure and twentie ſeates for men to ſit in, some ſelle,
and some bigger, cut out of the maine Rocke by mans hand,
where children and p[ong] men, comming to ſeeke their Cat-
tell, beſe to ſitte, and play: they commonly call it Arthures
round Table.

So hauing eſtablished all things well at home, he with
his nobilitie made an expedition into Norway, where he at-
chieued ſundry notable, and maruellous e[ploy]tes, and sub-
dued the same, with all the Regions thereabout, to Ruffia,
F.iiij.

placing

Sez. Cro.

Wil Malmesbery

Aurea Hiftor.

Sea. Cro.
Nenius.

Malmesberie.

Round Table.

Leyland.

Norway subdue

Leges S. Edwardi.

36

Brytans and Saxons.

placing the limite of his Empire in Lapland.

He caused the people of those Countreys to be Baptized, and receyue the Christian Religion.

He also obtayned of the Pope to haue Norway confirmed to the Crowne of this Realme, calling it the Chamber of Britaine.

Then sapling into France, he forced Frolo (Gouernoure there for the Romyncs) to flighte, and afterward in Combate mansfully flew him.

Shortly after, he addressed deadly Warre against Lucius Hiberus, who claymed a Tribute of Arthure for Britaine, and had assembled great powers to overcome Arthure, but Arthure encountring with him, after a long and bloudye fighte, discomfited his Armie, killed him, and sente his body to the Senate of Rome for the Tribute.

While Arthure was thus valiantly occuppyed in his warres beyond the Seas, and had conquered thirtie ringdomes (such as they were in those days) Mordred to whom he had committed the gouvernement of Britaine, confederating himselfe with Cerdicus first King of the Tealest Saxons, krayerously blsurped the Ringdome, of which freason, when relation came to Arthure, he speedily returned into Britaine, and at Richborow nere to Sandwich, gaue battell to him, and wanne the field. Anguifell of Scotland, Gawin and Cador were there slayne: then pursuing him into Cornewall, gaue him battell there agayne by the Riuer of Alanne, of some hiflories called Cablan, where Mordred was slayne. And Arthure beeing deadly wounded, was conueped to Glastenburie, where he dyed, and is burped, after he had mofft victoriously gouverned this Realme fire and twentie yeares.

Constantine, kinsman to Arthure, and sonne to Cador. Duke of Cornewall, was addeyne King of Britayne, and raigned thuse yeares.

This

Norway the
Chamber of
Erland.

Gaufridur.

Flores Historiar.

Battayle at
Douer.

W. al. Cornew.
Mordred slayne.
Antt, Glaſco.

542
Bruce Books

Brytans and Saxons.

Thys man was by the two sonnes of Mordred grée-
nouslye dered, for they claymed the Lande by the righte
of theyz Father, but after many Battaples, they fledde,
the one to London, the other to Winchester, whyche
Cities they obteyned, and troke them: but Constantine
followed, and subdued, and troke the soresayde Cities,
and one of the yong men hée founde in anAbbey at
London, and slewe hym nere the Aulter cruelly, and
buried hym nigh Vter Pendragon, at Stonehinge. The o-
ther young manne hée founde at Winchester, and slewe
hym, flying into the Churche of Sainte Amphiba-
lus.

Mordreds chil-
dren slayre.

Aurelius Conanus, a Britayne, rapsed mo2tall warre a-
gainst Constantine the King, and after soze fight flew him in
the field, when he had raigned thzée peares, and was burped
at Stonehinge.

Gildas.

Arbor successus.

A Vrelius Conanus, Nephew to Arthure, was Crowned
King of Britaine.

545

He cherished such as loued strike and dissention within
his Realme: and gave light credence to them which accused
other, were it right or wron.

He emprisoned by strengthe his Uncle, whiche was
right hepze to the Crowne. He raigned thzée and thirtie
peares.

Flores Historiarum.

The Kingdome of Northumberland began first in Britaine
under a Saxon named Ida.

The fifth
Kingdome of
the Saxons.

578

VOrtiporus, the sonne of Conanus, was ordeyned King of
Britayne, a vicious King, and cruell tyrant, who put from
him his Wife, and kept his daughter for his Concubine. In
duers battels he discomfited the Saxons. He raigned soure
peares.

Gildas.

Gaufrid.

MAlgo pulcher Canonus of Porthwales, beganne his
Mraigne ouer the Britaynes, and governed them five
peares.

581

This Malgo was in proportion of body, greater than all
the Dukes of Brytaine, but he delighted in the soule sinne of

F.tijj.

Sodo-

88

Brytans and Saxons.

Gildas.

Sodomie. He flewe his first wife, and then toke so wife his
owne brothers daughter.

586

CARETICUS began to rule the Brytaines. This man loued cuill Warre, and was odible both to God and to his subiects. They moued the Saxons (being accompanied with Gurmundus King of Ireland) to make warre upon Careticus, in such wife, that he was fayne to take the Towne of Cicester, where they affaulted him so soze, and fired the Corne, by tyding fire to the wings of Sparrowes, that he with his men fledde from thence into Wales: by whiche meanes, he lefte a great part of his dominion, and ended his life, when he had raigned thre peares.

Sea.Cro.

This Gurmund burned vp the land of Britaine from Sea to Sea, and the more part of that is called Leogrea he gaue to the Saxons. The Britaines gaue place, and fled into the Weaft parts of Cornewall, and Wales. Theanus Archbishop of Lodon, Thadeocus Archbishop of Yorke, wher their Churches were al destroyed to the ground, they with their Cleargie fledde into Wales, many of them into little Britaine. This plague came on the Britaines for their couetousneſſe, taui ne, and lecherie.

Gurmunchefler
buylded.

613

Paulus Diaconus.

Gurmund builded Gurmondchefter.

C. Adwane Duke of Northwales, was made Soueraigne of the Britaines, who gaue strong battell to Ethelfride King of Northumberland, and forced him to intreate for peace: After which concord being made, they continued al their life time louing friends. He raigned rry. peares.

The Kingdome of the East Saxons beganne under Erchenuinus, about the yeare of Chriſt, 614.

Sixt Kingdome
of Saxons.

The Kingdome of Mercia, or middle England, began under Penda, 626.

Seauenth Kingdome of Saxons.

635

C. Adwalin, the sonne of Cadwane, raigned ouer the Britaines: he warred strongly upon the Saxons, and made Penda King of Mercia tributarie to him: He raigned rly. peares, and was burped at London, in a Church of S. Martine nere onto Ludgate, whiche Church was then new founded and huplded by the Britaynes, in Anno. 677.

Cadwalladar

Brytans and Saxons.

89

685

Adwalladar was o'dayned king of the Brytaines, and ruled only th'ee yeares: he banquished and flew Lothier king of Kent, and Athelwold king of South Sarons: and the forfaking his kingly authority, he went to Rome, there to be chrystened, who after became a Monke, and was buried in S. Peters Church at Rome. He was laste king of Bztain. After which time the Bztaines were called Walshmen, whiche name was giuen them by the Englishmen, or Sarons, who used to call all men Walshmen, that be straungers unto them.

Dw are we come to y time wherin God (who for y sans of the people tranflateth kingdoms) disposseled the Bztaines of theyz auntient habitation, ‡ rule of this land, who by the victorie of Sarons were enfoized, eyther to mi-serable seruitude, or diuuen into the Wefferne partes of the Jle, now called Wales & Cornwall, (where thep now in-habite,) or else to their countrymen the Bztains in France. But the Sarons enioying the fertile soyle of this Realme, parfed it in proceſe of time into ſeuen kingdoms : Kent, Southſex, East-angles, East-faxons, Mercia, Northumberland, and West-faxons, whych the learned call the Heptarchie of the Sarons, of which kingdoms, I purpose (for auoiding of confusion) to treat ſeueralty, setting down the limits of these Countries, with the ſuccession, actes, and civil battaples of their pettie Kinges, until the time that this Heptarchie, or government of ſeauen, was reduced to a Monarchie, or re-giment of one.

Kentish Saxons.

Ent the firſt Kingdome, posſessed by y Saxons, contained that countrey that Wretcheth fro the East Ocean to the riuer of Thamis, hauing on the Southwesl side Southrey, on the West London, & upon the Northeast the ſaid riuer of F.v. Thamis

456

90

Kentish Saxons.

Thamis. It hath the Archbishopric of Canterbury Metropolitane and primate of all Englande, and the Bishopricke of Rochester, and had Kings as followeth.

Hegeſt the ſonne of Widgils, the ſonne of Vida, the ſon of Weeta, the first ſon of Wode and Frea, was the first of the Saxons that made himself king of Kent, as before ye haue hearde, eygth yeares after his firſt entring into this ſlande, in the yeare from Chriftes bpeth 456. He ragged xriij. yeares, & dyed honoably (sapth Marianus Scotus) but Peter de Ikham and others ſay, that by the counsel of Eldad Bithoppe of Glouceſter, Edel Duke of Gloceſter, caused his heade to be cut of at Conesborow.

Eske oz Vske, succeding his father Hegeſt, reigned peaceably, xriij. yeares.

Q Otta ſonne of Eske reigned, xxiij. yeares.

Q Ermericus the ſonne of Otta reigned, xxx. yeares.

E Thelbert the ſon of Ermericus had the government of that Kingdome, by the ſpace of .liij. oz after Beade. liij. yeares. This Ethelbert in the beginning of his raigne being but a child, was troubled with warres on euery side, so that he could hardly defende his own coates. In his first battaile against Ceauline king of the Weske Saxons and Cuthe his ſon, he was forſced to make his flighte into Kent, having two of his Dukes Oſlaue and Cnebl an ſlayne in a place called Vuibbadune: but when he came to more age, and was more cunning in warre, in that ſpace he ouercame all the Kingdomes of the Saxons rounde aboute him, ſaue the Northumbers. And to the end he would haue acquaintance with ſozraine Princes, he made affinitie and alliance with the King of Fraunce by marrying of his daughter Berta, a Christian woman, to whom he permitted to use the lawes and rytes of his Countrep, and to haue a Bithoppe, whose name was Letardus, to remaine with him, for his better inſtruction in the lawes of G D D. By this meanes the barbarous and Heathen Saxons keeping companp with Frëch, dyd agræ to haue all one lawe and like customs: besides

this

Marianus.
Petre de Ick.
Floria, Wiger.

490

514

526

562

W. Malms.

Kentish Saxons.

92

this, the chaff and vertuous like of Letardus the Bishop, and the other French whiche came with the Duane, changed the Kings minde onto the knowledge of Christ, whereby it came to paffe, that afterwards he did so some giue place to y preaching of Augustine. At this time (faith Beade) the Bry-
taines being at quiet, little regarding the forms paffe in them, fathers dapes, and hauing respect onely to the present prosperous estate in the which they then liued, were so set to breake all god orders of truth and justice, that scante anye token or remembraunce thereof remayned, but onelye in a fewe, among many other of their doings, which their own Historiographer Gildas, doth lametably set forth in writing, (he sayth of them thus) that they neuer toke care to preache the Gospel of Chriſt onto the Angles and Saxons, which in-
habited the land among them. But yet the godnesse of God provided for the layde nation of the Angles, muche more worthy preachers, by whom they might be brought to the faith.

Beade.

Gildas.

Pope Gregorie moued of godly infatination in the hundred
fortie and seven peare after the arrival of the Angles in
Brytaine, sent Augustine, Melitus, Iustus, & John, with sum-
dry other Monkes that liued in the feare of God, to preach
the Gospell, to the nation of the Angles in Brytaine, whi-
che landed in the isle of Thanet, and were first receyued by E-
thelbert king of Kent, whom they converted to the Chriſti-
an Faith with diverse of his people in the. xxxiij. yere of his
raigne : and king Ethelbert delaping no time, gave onto
Augustine the Cittie of Canterbury, who furthered thus by
the King, receiued at his hands an old Church, some time
founded there by the laythfull Romaines, and dedicated y
fame to our Sainour JESUS Christ, whiche since was called
Saint Austins.

596

Marianus.
Florianus.
Beade.

Auſtë came into
Brytaine.
Ethelbert vjas
the first Chriſtia-
King of the
Saxons.

Augustine consecrated Melitus and Iustus Bishops, and
appointed Melitus to preach onto þ Gailf Saxons, who wþth
theyþ King Sebert the nephew of Lying Ethelberce, at
the preaching of Melitus receyued the wazde of lyſe.

Saint Auguſtins
at Canterbury,
built.

King

Kentish Saxons.

92

Saint Paules in
London.
S. Andrevres
at Rochester
built.

King Ethelbert founded the Church of Saint Paule in London. Iustus was made Bishoppe of Rochester, wher Ethelbert builded for him and his succellours the church of S. Andrew. Augustine o2dayned Laurence to succede him in the Archbishopscke, and thortely after departed this life. Ethelbert raigned.Ivj. peares and was buried with Berta his wife at Saint Austens by Canterbury.

A Thelboldus the Sonne of Ethelbert, not onely refused the fayth of Christ, but also toke to wife his mother in lawe. He was oftentimes griene with woodnesse and disfraught, but by Laurence the Archbishop of Canterbury, he was converted to leane his Idolatrie and unlawful sinne, and was turned again to the Faith. He founded the Priory of Fulkestone in Kent, and raigned.rrv. peres.

616

E Rcombert the Sonne of Adbold by Emma his wife, hee first suppresseed the temples of the Idols, and by cause his people were giuen to ercelle, commaunded a solempne fall of. rl. daves long, to be observed thzoughout all his Kingdome, and raigned.rrv. yeares.

640

About this time Henorius Archbishop of Canterbury deuided his province into Parishes.

E gbert his Sonne succeded, whose quiet gouvernement for a long season was after defaced by the cruell murder of Ealbert, and Egelbright his cousins Germas, whom eyther he selle himselse, o2 procured to be slaine : he raigned nine yeares.

667

W. Malme.

L Otharius succeded his brother Egbert, who being affaulfed oftentimes by Edrike the Sonne of Egbert, in a cruel fight was shot thzough with a dart, whereof he dyed under his Surgeons hands, when he hadde raptne thirtene yeares.

674

E Dricke the Sonne of Egbert, within the space of two peres lost both life and Kingdome. After his death y kingdome being sometime gouerned by Dsurpers, and sometime by so2reners, beganne to decay.

686

The Kentishmen, by casting of fire, did cruelly burne

Moll

Kentish Saxons.

Moll the brother of Cedwal King of the West Saxons, and
twelve of his Knights with him: wherewith Cedwal being
moused to fury, did miserably harry and spoyle all Kent, so
that by the space of sixe yeares, there was no King in that
Country.

VVIthredus the sonne of Egbert purchasing peace worth
monep, was then established king, in which state he
beaued himselfe very honozably, both in peace and warre.
He founded the Priory of Saint Martin at Douer, and raig-
ned rrrity. yeres, with who king Swebhearde raigned iopnt-
ly in one part of his ringdome.

EObert the sonne of Withred walked in his fathers order
naunces, and had like successe, and raigned thre e twen-
tie yeare.

EDelbert his brother succeeded, in whose time the Citie of
(Canterbury as is to be thought) was burned by chance:
he raigned.rj.peares.

ALricke the thirde sonne of Withred ruled Kent after hys
hzefhzen, and was banquithed in a fought field againste
the Mertians: he raigned rrritiy.peares.

EDelbert o² Egbert otherwise called Pren, the vslurped the
kingdome, and leaued warre against the Mertians, by
whom he was taken prisoner, and not long after resuited,
but the Kentichmen woulde not receive him, Cuthred then
vslurped, bare a title of a Kentish king for the space of viij.
peares.

BAlbrede then toke on him princely dignity, but Egberte
kyng of West Saron so discomfited him in battayle,
that he fled and forsoke hys Kingdome, when he had raig-
ned rr. peare, whereby thes kingdome of Kent was united
to the Kingdome of the West Saxons.

South Saxons.

EOuthfax the second Ringdome, cōkained the Counties
of Southfax and Surrey, which had on the East side
Kent,

South Saxons

Kent, on the south side the Sea, on the West side Hampshire, and on the North the river of Thamys: it contains the dioceses of Chichester, and part of Winchester.

Ele the eight from Woden, with his three sonnes, Cimé Plencing, & Ciffa, came into Wyptaine with. iij. chips, & landed in a place called Kimene fore, & there flew many of the Wyptaines, and forced the rest to make their flighte into a woodde whiche is called Andredspleage. Afterward he fighting wyth the Wyptaines in a place nere unto Marcrodes burne, flew many of them, and put the rest to flight. Then he and Ciffa his sonne after longliege, brake into the Citie of Andreds Cester, and flewe the inhabitantes from the greatest to the smallest, and so beganne the Kingdome of South sex: he reigned. xxxvij. yeares.

478

Cilla hys sonne succceded, he builte the Citie of Chichester, and named it after hys owne name, he raygned lrrbj. yeares.

514

E Thelwulfus (whom Bede nameth Edelwach) was christened in the province of the Mercies, in the presence and at the exhortation of King Wulfhere, who also at the font was his godfather, and in signe of that adoption, gave him two provinces, that is to saye, the le of Wight, and the province of Manures, in the West part of England.

590

Beade.
First Christened
King in South-
sex.

Wilfride the Bishop came to the province of the South Sarons, vnto them did he minister the word of Faith, by the permission and gret reioping of the King. This Bishop Christened the chiefe Lords and Knightes of the Country: and the rest of the people at the same time, or some after were Christened by other Priekkes. The Quene Ebba was christened in hir le, which was in the province of the Viccians: for she was the daughter of Eanfride, who was Eanheres brother, whiche were both Chriktian men, and all their people. But al the province of South Sarons had neuer before that time hearde of the name of God, nor the faith.

Thys

South Saxons.

95

This Wilfride preached the Gospel, and not onelye delivered the people from the perill of damnation, but also from an horrible morraine of temporal death. For in thée peares before, it had not rayned in all those quarters, whereby a famine destroyed the people by heapes, in so much that diuerse tymes forztye or fiftie in a companye, bering famished for hunger, woulde goe togther to some rocke or Sea bancke, and take themselves all downe, eyther to be killed with the fal, or drowned in the Sea: but on the same day they receyed Baptisme and Faith, there fell a plentifull thoure of rayne, wherewith the Earth flourished againe.

Thys Bishop also taught the people there to get their suffrence by fishing.

Edilwach gave unto Bythoppe Wilfride the lande of fourscoure and Seauen tenements, where he might place his companye, the name of the place was Seolesey. In this place he founded a Monastery, to be his Episcopall Sea.

Selvee Monestrie in Southlys.

Ceadwall a baliaunt yong manne of the Wealete Sarons, being banished from his Countrey, came wyth an holde of men and slewe King Edilwach, walled that province, cruelly murdered and spoyled every where. Edilwach reigned. xxx. yeares.

And some after Ceadwall was driven out by two Castaines of the Kings, Bertham and Anthun, which from that time did holde and keepe the Dominion of that province: the chiefe of whyche two, was afterwarde slayne of the same Ceadwall, (being then King of the Wealete Sarons,) and the province subdued: and the latter was flaine by Ina.

East Angles.

The South-Saxons.

97

Anna the fonne of Guido, succèded Egricks, and was lyke
wise flaine by the furie of Penda. Etheldred daughter to
Anna, founded the Churche of Saincte Peter in the Isle of
Ely. Anno. 674.

Ely Minster
founded.

Athelhere brother to Anna succèded, and bothe he and
Penda were flaine by Olwinus Lyng of the Pothumbers,
and that deferuedly, bycause he hadde apped Penda against
his owne brother, and his kinsman.

Adelwaldus hys brother succèded hym with like foiztune,
and left the Kingdom to Aldulfus, Elohwoldus and Hisber-
na, sonnes of the same Athelhore.

Etheredus succèded him.

Thelbertus his fonne, whome Offa Lyng of Mercies de-
ceitfully flewe : he was burped at Hereforde.

790

Very few men of might did raigne after him in East-An-
gle, by reason of the violence done by the Mercians, untill S.
Edmond.

870

Dmonde raigned so yeares, in whose time Hinguar and
Hubba began Danes, entring the Pro province of the Por-
thumbers, raged ouer all the same, and made great spoiles.
Hinguar hauing gotten a great pray, left Hubba, and wyth
his naup sapled into East-Angle, & arrived at a certaine Citie
thereof vnawares to the Citizens, sette it on fire, and flue
both man, woman and childe. This wicked Hinguar twake
Edmonde King of that Pro province, in a Village then called
Heglifdune, neare to a Twod bearing the same name, where
this holy Edmond being confiant in the Chriifian Faith,
was firſt by the Pagans beaten wyth battes, then ſcourged
with whips, he ſtill calling on the name of Iefus : hys aduer-
saries in a rage chotte him ful of Shaſtes, and then ſmote off
his heade : after whiche time the Angles ceased to raigne in
the East-Angle, but the same was posſessed by Danes, til a fif-
tie yeares after, that Edward the sonne of Etheldred did er-
pulse the Danes, and iopned that Pro province, and also the East-
Saxons, to hys Kingdome of the West-Saxons.

Afterius.

Albo Elorica
confis.

King Edmund
cruelly martye
red by the
Danes.

C.

East-

East-Saxons.

Essex the fourth kingdome contayned Essex, Midlessex, and
Hartfordshire, being bousted on the East, with the Germaine
Ocean, on the South with the river Thamis, on the West
with Colme, and on the North with Stowre, which at this day
parteth Suffolk from Essex: it contayneth the diocesse of Lo-
don.

Erchenwine, the eighte from Woden, from whome all the
Saxons derined their genealogies, first erected this Coun-
trep to a Ringdome, which neuerthelesse he held as Feoda-
rieke the Kings of Kent, who were as yet the very soueraines
of the whole country from Thamis to Humber. And as we have
specified, Vortiger yeelded season to Hêgelt for his deliuer,
when the Pæres of the Brytains were slain on Salisburie playn,
and he taken prisoner.

Sledda the fonne of Erchenwine, succeeded his father in the
gouvernement, and to establish the state more sure, married
Ricula, the daughter of Ermenrich, King of Kent, and en-
toped his governemente so quietly, that he ministr'd small
matter to Hiftozographers.

SEbert the fonne of Sledda, by Ricula, ruled this kingdome
after his father. The seconde peare of his raigne, by the
perswasion of Ethelbert, his uncle, and preaching of Miletus,
first Byshoppe of London, he embraced Chriſtianitie, and
was baptised by Miletus, and (immediately to the wele him-
felfe a Chriſtian,) builte a Churche to the honour of Saint
Peter, on the West side of London, in a place, where he cause
it was ouergrown with Thornes and emironed wyth
Waters, the Saxons at that time called it Thorney, and
nowe of the Monaferie and West ſituation is called West-
minister.

In this place long before was a Temple of Apollo,
(as Sulcardus witteth,) whyche being ouerthzowne wyth
an Earthquake, Eucius builte a Churche for the Chriſt-
ans.

527

Beads

587

602

V Vestrminster
built.

Apol CARDUUM.

Eaſt Saxons.

99

ans.

Sebert (when he had raigned thirtiene yeres) dyed, and was entombed in the Church which he builte, with his wife Aethelgod, whose bodies many yeares after, in the the time of Richarde the Seconde, were translated from the olde Churche to the newe at Westminſter, and there entered.

T. Walſinghan.

Erred, Sewarde and Sigbert, ſonnes of Sebarte, iopntly (as it ſæmeth) then ruled Eastſex: men wickedly giuen, irre- ligious, and deadelp enemies to the Chriſtian p[ro]ſeſſion: who p[re]ſumed contemptuonslye to the Table of the Lords Hupper, beyng not Baptiſed: and bycause Miletus woulde not permitte them to be partakers of the Chriſtian Sacra- mente, thep[re]rpeſled h[ym] from his Sea at London, but short- ly after Serred encountring with the West Saxons, was slaſt with both his h[er]ethren by king Kineglſ.

615

Sigebert ſurnamed the little, ſonne of Sewarde ſuccæded in this kingdome, and leſte the ſame to Sigebert his kinsman.

Sigebert ſonne to Sigebalde, h[er]other to Sebert, then ruled in Eastſex, he by the p[er]ſuasion of Oſwy King of Northum- bers, abandoned all ſuperſtition, and became a Chriſtian, and toke an holpe manne Ced w[er]th h[ym], who did mighti- ly beate down errours, ſwan many by p[re]aching the Chri- tian religion in his Dominions, whereb[on] Ced was by Finan consecrated B[is]hoppe of the East Saxons, and then p[ro]- cæded with more autho[ri]tie in h[ys] ſuncti[on], ordering Priekſ and Deacons in all places of Eſſex, but e[pp]ecially at I[th]ance- ſter, and Tilberie.

Roads.

Thys Citie of Ithanceſter, k[on]de on the bancke of the riuer Pante, that runneth by Maldune in the hundered of Danſey, but now that Citie is d[ru] owned in Pante, so þ[ey] nothing remaineth but the ruines of the Citie in the ſayde riuer. Tilberie standeth on the Thamis ſide.

Ralph Cogshalk.

In the good p[ro]ceedings of SIGEBERT, he was slaſt by a kinsman of his owne, vpon none other occasion, but foſ that he died to muche clemencie to[ward]es his enimtes, as the C. y. the

100

The Mercians.

the murtherers themselues confessed.

Swidhelin sonne of Sexbald, succeded then in this reginſt,
who was baptizeo by Ced in Rendlesbam in East-Englande.

Sigher then ruled with Sebba, whiche Sebba became a
Monke, and is buried at Saint Paules in London.

Sigehard then raigned.

Erkenwald Bishop of Eastangle founded the Monasteries
of Chartesey in Surrey, and Barking in Essex. Anno. 677.

Seofride nerte successeuly, of whome I finde nothung rea-
to; ded.

Offa the sonne of Sigher then ruled this Proquince, he en-
larged with building, and enriched with landes the Church
of Westminſter, and then foſkaking his wife, landes, kinne
and Countrey, he went to Rome with Kentrede King of Mer-
cia, and there in a Monkes coule ended this life, leauing Sel-
red to rule his Countrey.

Selred (whom other call Colred) peaceably after Offa raiſ-
ned in Esſex thirty peares, and at length was slaine.

Vthred after Selred was slayne, raigned in Eastex:
but Egbert King of the West-Saxons, the verpe peare that
he conquered Kent, subdued also this Suthred, and annered
Esſex to his Kingdome: yet London with the Countrey conſ-
ning about it, came not in subiection to the West-Saxons, but
obeyed the King of Mercia, as long as that Kingdome conti-
nued.

Sigehricke and Sigehard afterwarde aspired to the King-
dome of East Saxon, but with no good succelle.

Mercians.

Mercia the fifth Kingdome and greatest of the other,
contapned Glouceſter, Hereford, Cheſter, Stafford,
Wirceſter, Oſſorde, Warwicke, Darby, Leiceste, Bucking-
ham, Northampton, Notingham, Lincolne, Bedſorde, Hun-
tington, and parte of Harſorde thires. It had on the Weaſt
ſide, the riuer Dee kaff by Cheſter, and Seuerne kaff by Shrews-
burie into Bristow: in the East, the East Sea: in the South,
Thames.

Rich.Cicifrto.

718

Ri.Grincaſtri.

748

The Mercians.

101

Thamis unto London, in the North y river Humber, &c. to Wye
ward, down to the river Merce, unto the corner of Wyrhall.

This kingdome of Merce in the beginning was departed
into thylde parts, into West Mercia, middle Mercia, and East
Mercia; it cōtayneth the diocelles of Lincoln, Worcester, Here-
forde, Couentrie and Lichfielde.

Reda (the eleuenth from Woden) firſt e King of the Mer-
cies, reaſoned ten yeares.

585

W. Wibba his ſonne reaſoned. rr. yeares.

595

Ceorlus his ſonne reaſoned. r. yeares.

616

Penda the ſonne of Wibba, a manne active in warres, but
franticke and moſt wicked, toke on him the kingdome of
the Mercies, when he was ſiſtie peres old: he choke the Ci-
ties, and diſturbed the boſders of the kings, that were hys
olwne Countrepmenne bozne: he ſlewe Edwin and Olwald,
kings of Northumberlande, (where Olwald was ſlaine is
nowe ſcituate the town of Olwaltre, which of him toke that
name,) he also ſlew Sigebert, Egfride, and Anna, kings of the
East Angles, which all were of holyp life and conversation: hee
hanithed Kenewallus King of West Saxons, but in the ende
himſelfe was ſlaine by Olwyn which ſuccæded Olwald hys
brother, when he had reaſoned. xxx. yeares.

626

W. Malme.

Penda the ſonne of Penda ſuccæded in part of the Kingdome
being preferred by the gift of Oſwin, whose daughter hee
had taken to wife, on condition he houlde embrace Chriſti-
anitie and forſake Idolatry. This Peda was the firſt ſouder
of Medefhamsted, now called Petarborow. Throughe y treason
of his wife he dyed sodainly, when he had reaſoned after hys
Father. ity. yeares.

656

W. Malme.

Swine toke the Kingdome, but he reaſoned there onely
thylde yeares.

659

Lferus brother to Peda, earneſtlye preferred Chriſtiani-
tie whych hys brother had begonne, but he was the firſt
(sayth W of Malmeſbery, that throughe the ſinne of Simony
ſold the Wychopſick of London unto Wyna. He reaſoned. xy.
yeares.

662

G. ity.

Ethelred

The Mercians.

E Thelred b[other] to Vlferus succ[eded] in the kingdome of
the Mercians: h[ee] obtayned a Bythoppes Sea to be in the
Citie of W[orce]ster: Bosellus was firste Bis[hoppe] there: Egwin
nus was the se[cond]. This Egwinus, by the helpe of Kenredus
King of Mercies, founded the Monasterie of Euesham, in a
place then called Eouesham, of the shepherdes fielde and
house, purchased by the faide Bis[hop]. The towne in the Sax-
ons time was called Hotheholme. Aboute the same time two
noble men named Odo and Dodo founded the Pri[or]ie of
Tewkesburie. Also Ol[ricke] duke of Glou[ce]ster founded the Mo-
nasterie of Glou[ce]ster then since the same is a Bis[hops] Sea.
Ethelred became a Monke at Bardoney, when he had
raigned p[er]p[er]eares.

K Inredus Sonne to Wolferus, in the fifth yere of his raigne
went to R[ome], and became a Monke.

C Elred the Sonne of Ethelred, who as he was marvellous
in p[ro]owes against Ina of the West Saxons, so was he mis-
serable by untimely death, so[ur] he rained not past D[iy]. p[er]es,
and was buried at Lichfielde.

E Thelbalde raigned in continuall peace many yeares, and
then by the p[ro]curement of Beruredus, was slaine of hiss
own subiects. Unto this Ethelbald, Boniface, y[eh] seco[d] Bis[hop
of Verche in Holland, after Archbis[hop] of Mens upon the Riyne,
an English m[a] born, who was afterward m[ar]tyr[ied], sent an
Epistle, of the whiche I will here sette downe a p[er]ce to be
s[ene], so[ur] that it sheweth p[ar]tly the state of that time, and
serueth so[ur] example in time to come.

D his most deare Lo[d]de, and to be p[re]ferred in the loue
of Ch[rist] aboue all other kings of England, Edbaldus,
Boniface Archbis[hoppe], the Germaine l[egate], perpetual helth
of charitie & loue in Ch[rist]. We acknowledge before God
that we did reiopce to heare of your p[ar]so[per]itie, your Fai[th]
and god w[or]kes: and we be so[p]y when we heare any thing
that goeth against you, e[p]ther in succeſſe of warre, so[ur] in dan-
ger of your Soule, so[ur] we haue heard, that you for[bid] theſte
and robbery, that you loue peace, defende the Widow and
the

102
676
Bishops sea at
V Worcester.

Ex Carta;

Euesham.

L[iber] Tewks.

Tewkesbury.
Monastery of
Gloucester.
Inſcriptiones
Glouceſtria.

706

710

718

Chronicle of Hos
Lande.
Ro. Mai.
Epistle of Boni-
face to Ethelbald.

The Mercians.

103

the moze, for the which we give God thanks: but in that you
refuse lawfull marriage, which if it were to the preferring
of chaffitie, it were comendable; and ifth you wallow in lea-
cherie and adultery with Airgins consecrate to God, it is
both chamefull and damnable, for it doth confounde your
renowme, bothe before God and man, placing you among
Idolatours, bicanse you violate the temple of God. Wherfore
my deare sonne repent, and remember how filthy a thing it
is, that thou who by the gikte of C D raygnest ouer so
many nations, shouldest to the great displeasure of G D,
make thy selfe a bonde slaue to thyne owne fleshly lufft.
Wee
haue hearde also that the moze parte of noble men and peo-
ple of the Mercians, by thyne euill example haue left theyz
lawfull wiues, and haue defiled the wiues of other, and
also Airgins, whiche howe sarre it differeth from all
god order and honestie, let the lawes of kraunge nati-
ons touche you: for in the auntient Countrep of the Saxons
(where was no knowledge of God) if thyer a mayde in hyz
fathers house, or being married to an hufband, were become
an aduoutresse, the shoulde be strangled by hir own hande
closed to hyz mouth, and the cozrupter shoulde be hanged
upon the pitte where the aduoutresse was burped. If shee
were not so vsed (hyz garments being cutte alwaye downe
to the gyzdle-ktede) the chaffe matrones dyd scourge and
whip hyz, and pnicke hyz wyth kniues, and so was sent from
Towne to Towne, where other frethe and newe scour-
gers or whippers did mæte and whippe hir, vntyll they
hadde killed hyz. Likewise the Womedeans, who are the
moffe vncleane kinde of people, hadde thys manner of
vsage wyth them, that the hufbande beþng deade, the wo-
man fogyther wyth the deade bodye shoulde caſſe hyz selfe
headlong into the fiered stacke or pile of woodde prepared
for the burning of theyz bodyes. If thereforſe the Gentiles
(not knowing C D) hadde so greate zeale to chaffitie,
howe muche the moze (my deare sonne) it is to be required
at the handes, who arſe a Chriſtian and a King. Haue
thereforſe.

G.iiy.

therefoe

Aduoutry anſoگ
the Infidels pu-
sed by death.

The Mercians.

therefore compassion of thyne owne soule, and spare the
greate number of people, that by thy Fatherly example
yet may beware to offende God, for whose soules thou
halt giue an accompte. Consider also, that if the English
nation, despising lawfull matrimonye, doe encreafe by ad-
noutrye, (as the Frenche men, Italians, and also the berpe
Pagans doaffe in our feeth and vphayde vs withall,) of
suche conjunctions and copulations, shall spring vppe a
peakilhe datterdely people, which shall despise God, & wyth
theyr wicked qualities undoe the Countrey, as it came to
passe to the Burgundians, the people of Prouance, and the
Spaniardes, whom the Sarazens haue many yeares affaulted
for their sinnes whiche in times past they had committed.
Besides this, it is told vs, that you take away privileges of
Churches, and thereby giue euill example to your noble
men to do the like, but I pray you remember howe terri-
ble vengeaunce God toke vpon the Kings your predece-
sours, whiche committed suchc offences as we rebuke you for.

A wicked spirit came vpon Colredus your predeceſsoure,
whiche was a defiler of Virgins, and a breaker of eccleſia-
ſticall Privileges, for sitting roially among his barrons at
a dinner, the Diuell plucked away his soule without confel-
ſion of his sinnes. The Diuell also drwel in suchc a rage.
Ofredus king of the Northumberes, whiche was guiltie of the
same crimes, that with a bile death he loffe both kingdome
and life in his lusty yong age. Also Charles king of Fraunce
whiche ouerthelwe Churches, and altered the Churche
money to hys owne use, was consumed with a long tozmet
and fearefull death. It followeth thereforc my deare belo-
ued Sonne, that with Fatherly and earnest prayers we be-
ſeech you that you will not despise the Counſel of your Fa-
thers which diligently do admoniſh your highneſſe, for no-
thing is moſe commodious to a good King, than willingly
to amend such ſaultes when he is warned of them, as Salo-
mo ſayth, who ſo loueth discipline, loueth wisdome: thereforc
my

The Mercians.

105

my dìere son, declaring our advice, we be seeth you by the li-
ing God, by his sonne Jesus Christ our Lord, and by his
holy spirit, that you will remember how transitoie this
present life is, and howe shorte and momentane the plea-
sure of this filthie fleche is, and how vile and thankfull a
thing it is, that man shall leave euill examples unto his
pofteritie for euier : beginne therefore to frame your life in
better wayes, and amend the errors of your youth, that you
may obtayne pnyaple with men in this life, and eternall glo-
rie in the life to come: we wish your Highnesse well to fare,
and to encreafe in all goodnesse. Ethelbald was flapne at
Secgefwald, and was burped at Hrependune.

Eraredus the murtherer of Ethelbald, did nothing worth
To be remembred, but being straightway flapne by Offa,
had an end mæte for a Traptour.

749.

Offa, Nephew to Ethelbald succeeded: he toyned battaple
with Kinckulfus King of the West Saxons, and gote the
victoie. He sent for Ethelbert King of the East Angles, pze-
milling great things by flatterie, but when he had got him
to his Palace, he caused him to be beheaded, and then bu-
till he inuaded the Ringdome of the East Angles.

749

He caused the reliques of S. Albon to be taken up, and
put in a Shrine adozned with golde and precious stones,
and builded there a princely Monasterie.

Pita. Alboni.
S. Albons built.

He founded the Abbey of Bathe.

He translated the Archbishops Sea to Lichfield.

He made a dike betweene Wales and the Ringdome of
the Mercies, which ditch extendeth by South from the parts
about Bristow, ouer the Mountaynes of Wales, and so North
toward Flint, and under a hill of coale, eneu to the mouth of
Dee, or the North Sea. He raigned xxxix. yeares, and dyed
at Oflay, and was burped in a Chappell which then stode on
the bancke of the River Ouse, without the Towne of Bedford.

Offa Dike.

oflay.

Egbertus or Ecfride his sonne, raigned one peare. Alquine
witte to Osbert of the Mercians, that the noble vong Ec-
fride dyed not soone for his owne faultes, but bycause his

Alquines.

G. v.

Father

The Northumbers.

by the endes of the Shires of Nottingham and of Darby, into
the River of Merse, and hath the diocesse of Yorke, Durham,
and Carelile.

At the beginning, it was divided into two Kingdoms,
Bernicia and Deira. Bernicia stretched from Edenborough Frith
to Tine and Deira, from Tine to Humber, but these two were
shortly united.

When Hengest had established himself in Kent, he sent
his brother Otha, and his sonne Eubalum to possess the North
partes of Britain, where many times they put the men of
that province to flight, and for the space of 99. yeares, they
and their successors ascribed to themselves the names of
Dukes, and bare themselves under the Kingdome of Kent,
but in the yeare of Chiff. 547. the yeare after Hengest
death 60. that Dukedome was changed into a King-
dome.

W.Malme.

I Daa, the ninth from Beldegius, and the tenth from Wodden,
I continued fourteen yeares in the Kingdome of Deires.

547

Ælla his successors of the same kindred, but by another
line, strongly advanced his Kingdome thirtie yeares.

559

In his time, children of Northumberland were carved to
be sold in the Market at Rome, where when the Citizens
beheld them, and wondered at their comelynesse and beautie
of face, amongst other, Gregory the Archdeacon of the Apo-
tolicall seate being one, asked of what Pation they were,
unto whom it was answered, that they were the children
of Englishmen, of the province of Deires, and subject to Alla
their King, but were Paintins, whereunto Gregory spake,
they shall be taught to sing Alleluia there, during the raigne
of Alla ouer the Deires.

A Dda the eldest sonne of Ida reigned upon the Bernitians
Seauen yeares :

¶ Elappea fine yeares :

¶ Theodwald one yeare :

¶ Frethulfe seauen yeares :

¶ Theodrike seauen yeares :

¶ Acthecl-

108

The Northumbers.

Aethelfride two peares, and all in the life of Bernitians.
The strike, the sonne of Ida, reigned in both provinces of
Deirie and Bernicia five peares.

582

W. M. Milne.
Marianus.
Floriacensis.

Thelfride, brother to Ethelricus, made greater spittle of
the Britaines, than all the other Kings of the Angles, and
unpeopled and subdued moze of their Countreys, and made
the same tributarie and habitable for Englishmen: where-
fore Aadan King of the Scottes being greatly moued with
his happie successe, came against him with a mighty Army,
but was ouercome and put to flight of a few Saxons, whiche
batfell was fought by Ethelfrith in a place called Degfaftan,
in the eleventh yeare of his raigne, and in the first yeare of
Phocas the Emperoure.

This King also long after this time, leved a newe po-
wer, and according as Auguiline the Archbishop of Canter-
bury had before spoken, marched toward the Citie of Legi-
ons, which of the Britaines is called Cairlegion, and there first
slew 1200. Monches, assembled to make prayer unto God,
for the good successe of their Souldiours in the battell; and
afterward he ouerthrew the whole power of the Britaynes
host. He was slayne by Redwall King of the East Angles
in a battell nere unto a Riuer, whiche is called Idle, in the
yeare of Christ 616. when he had reigned 77 years.

1200. Monkes
slayne.

077

Dwyne succeeded and drone out the seauen sonnes of
King Ethelfride.

617

First Christian
King of Nors
thumberland.
Marianus.
Floriacen. Wi.

In Anno 626. Paulinus, being the third Bishop of Ro-
chester, was constituted by Lestus then Archbishop of Canter-
burie, to be Bishop ouer the Northumbers, and sente by Ead-
bald to Edwine the King of that nation, with his Wife, be-
ing the daughter of King Ethelbert, and Sitter of the layde
King Eadbald.

A certayne desperate fellowe, named Eomer, was sente
unto King Edwine, by Guicheline King of the Wealt Sax-
ons, who came unto him on Caster day, and hauing a naked
weapon under his garment, assavled the King, but Lilla his
seruant thust himselfe before his stroke, yet notwithstanding
the

The Northumbers.

the Byng was with that kroke wounded throughe the bodye
of his faithfull feruaunt.

The same night the Quène his wife was deliuered of a
daughter, whych he uppon Whittondape nerte after, was the
fircke that was baptizèd of Paulinus the Bythop, and named
Eanfleda.

In the yeare of Chyff. 628. Edwine, the molst mighty king
of the Northumbers, and his people, receiued the word of God,
at the preaching of Paulinus the Bithoppe: this was done in
the ri. yeare of his raigne, and in the 230. yeare after the ar-
riuall of the Angles in Brytaine.

Edwine gaue unto Pauline a Bythops Sea in the Citie
of Torke, and began the Cathedrall Church of S. Peter there,
whiche Church was after finished by King Olwald his suc-
celloz, after this, in encreasing of the Christian Faith and
heauenly kingdome, his earthly posseffions did wonderfully
encrease, for he first of al the Angles broughte Brytaine wholy
under his subjection, sauing the Kingdome of Kent.

Edwine in the viij. yeare of his raigne, and liviij. of his
age, was flaine in a battel whiche he fought at Headfeld, with
the molle valiant Paine Penda King of the Mercies, and
Ceadwalla Byng of the Brytaines. Paulinus the Bishop bup-
ded the great Church at Lincolne. In the raigne of King Ed-
wine, fuche was the peace and tranquilitie throughe all Bry-
taine, whiche way soener King Edwines dominions lay, that
a weake woman mighte haue walked with her newe bozne
babe ouer all the land without any domage. Mozeouer, for
the refreching of wayfaring men, he ordained cuppes of yzon
oz bozze, to be faulkned by such cleare Wels and Fountaines
as did runne by the wayes fide, whych Cuppes no man durst
touch further than to his owne present use & necessitie, for the
loue & good will they bare to their prince, who was for y time
of his raigne so honozed and loued, that the triumphant ban-
ners were bozne before him, not in war only, but in peace to,
where soener he went abzoad.

After the death of Edwine, the Kingdome of Northumber-
land.

Cathedrall
Church of Torke
founded.

Lincolnke Münker
founded.
Beade.

Cuppes of braze
by the high
vvayes.

110

The Northumbers

and was againe divided.

633

Sriche the Sonne of Elfrike, who was Edwins onkle, suc-
ceded in the government of Deira. And Eanfride the Sonne
of Ethelfrade, ruled in Bernicians: but both these taking the
Christian profession, wherein they were instructed,учьёд
themselves to be diviled with the filth of Adelatry: but this
Apostacie was reenged by Cedwall King of Brytans, who
flewe them bothe, and with tragicall slaughter spoyled Nor-
thumberland.

634

Swald brother to Eanfride, then governed this Kingdom,
who with a small army ouercame the Brytans, and flewe
Cedwall the King at Deniseburne. He sent four Aidan a Scot
to advance Christian religion among his people, assigning
to him the Isle of Lindisfarne or holy Island, four his Sea.
He greatly enlarged his Kingdome, reconciled the Deirians and
Berutians, whych did deadly hate one the other. And when
he had raigned twenty peres, was flaine in a cruel battel at Ma-
ferfielde, by Penda King of Mercia, and canonized a Saint.

642

Swine brother to Oswald, succeeded: he buried the heade
and armes of Oswald, whych Penda commanded to be
hanged upon poles. His government was greatly disquieted
by inuasion of the Mercians, rebellion of his own sonne Ael-
fride, and inſurrection of Adilwald Sonne to Oſwald. He
murthered Oſwy, the Sonne of Oſrike, who ruled Deira, being
traiterously delivered unto him at Ingethling, where
afterwarde a Monasterie was erected. But at length he de-
kiuered his Country from fozraine inuasion, vanquished the
Mercians with Penda in a foughte fielde neare the river Te-
wet, brought them to his subjection, and caused them to be in-
fructed in the Christian faith.

Eder Lichfield,
T. Eouderne.

Lichfield Church
che a Byshops
sea founded.

He builded a Church among the Mercians called Liche-
ſielde, and procured the same to be a Bishopricsa, in Anno. 657.

Duina was first Byſhoppe there of Mercia, and also of
Lindisferne: for there were then so few Přieſts, that one By-
ſhoppe was compelled to government two Provinces. King Ol-
wine ended his life quietly, when he had raigned thirty peres.

Egfride

The Northumbers.

111

Egfride his lawfull Sonne, then inherited Northumberland:
he deposed Wilfride of the Bischoprike, and appoynted
two Bishops ouer the Northumbers. Mildred, otherwise called Etheldred, his wife, would by no meanes accompany
hir hufband, but continued a Wairgine, and after he had bin
married twelve yeares, toke at the hands of Wilfride the
baile and habite of a Nunne, and builte the Monasterie of
Eely, where she was Abbeffe.

670

Egfride hir hufband fought a battell with Edilfride King
of Mercia, but after they were reconciled by Theodore the
Bishop. Then turning his power against Ireland, he sente
Berte thither, who miserably destroyed the feely people. But
the peare following, he marched against the Picts (contrary
to the good counsell of S. Cuthbert, whome he made Bishop)
and was slayne by them in an ambush, when he had
raigned sixtene peares.

ALFRED, BAFTARD SONNE OF OLWINE, SUCCEDED AFTER HIS BROTHER EGFRIDE. HE DID REPAIRE AND DECAPED STATE OF NORTHUMBERLAND, BUT COULDE NOT RECOVER ALL THAT PICTS, SCOTTES, AND BRITAINES TOKE FROM THE NORTHUMBERS AT THE DEATH OF HIS BROTHER. HE RAIGNED NINETEEN PEARES.

685

OSRED HIS SONNE, A CHILD OF EYGHT PEARES, SUCCEEDED, WHO,
WHHE HE HAD WICKEDLY RAIGNED ELEVEN PEARES, WAS MUR-
CHEVED BY HIS KINSMEN Kenred and Ofricke.

704

KENRED, WHEN HE HAD SLAINE OSFRED, RULED Northumberland
TWO PEARES.

715

OSRICKE ABTAYNED THE KINGDOME AFTER RY.PEARES, AND ELE-
TED CEOLNULPH BROTHER OF Kenred to be his Succellor.

CEOLNULPH RAIGNED IN THIS PROVINCE WITH GREAT PICTIE &
VICTORIE biij.PEARES, & THEN FORSWORE THE ESTATE OF A KING,
AND TOKE THE HABITE OF A HONCHE IN THE HOLY ISLAND.

728

BENEDICT, WHO FIRST BROUGHT HAFONS, PAYNTING, AND
GLASING INTO THIS REALME TO THE SAXONS, FLOURISHED AT THIS
time. Beda also that famous learned man, liued at this
time, who dedicated his Hillzie of the Church of England
to the sozenamed Ceolaulph.

Glasing brought
among the
Saxons.
Ebedr famous.

Egbert.

112

The Northumbers.

Librarie at
Torke.

736
W. Malmesb.

E gbert, cousin germane to Ceolnulph, raigned in Northumberland twenty yeares peaceably, and then forsaking the World, entred into Religion, and became a Monke: his brother bearing the same name, was Archbis shop of Torke, which Sea he greatly advanced, and founded there a moff twenthy Libzarie, replenished with all good Authours.

757
O Swulfe succeeded his Father, who was slayne by the people in the first yeare of his raigne.
758
M Ollo then toke the regiment, and after eleven yeares was tracterously murthered by Alerede.
769
A Lered raigned after him eleven yeares, and was enfocced by the people to leaue the Countrey.
780
A Thelred oz Etheldred the Sonne of Mollo, was aduanced to the regiment of Northumberland by the people, and the fifth yeare after was by them depriued.
785
Æ Lfwold then was proclaymed King of Northumberland, and when he had raigned eleven yeares, was slayne by his Subiects: he lyeth buried at Haugustald.

796
O Srede, the Sonne of Aelerede then succeeded, but the firste yeare he was depriued.
797
Æ Thelred oz Etheldred, who was before depoſed, now reçepued the Kingdome, and when he had ruled foure yeares, was also miserably slayne. After his death, thys Kingdome decayed, and was pitifully ransacked by civil ſedition, and forzaigne inuasions, for the space of 30. yeares, in whiche ſpace, there ruled hære withoute title of Kings

¶ Eardulfe,

¶ Alfwold,

¶ Eandred,

¶ Ethelred,

¶ Readulfe,

Lib. Accens. fisc.

¶ Osbert, which two laſt, were Slaine at Torke, by the Danes, in a place yet to this day called Elle Crosſe.

This Osbert rauithed a Lady of his Countrep, wife to Bernebokard, in reuenge whereof, the same Bernebokard fléeing

The Northumbers;

fledging into Denmark, returned againe with the Danes. Hinguer and Hubba, and arrived in holy Island, and so came to Torke, and there flew King Osbright.

TEgbert then obteped Northumberland.

R Icfy then flurped it, and after him Cuthred, who home
Sstricke the Dane gote it, vnto whome King Athelstane
the Monarche gaue his daughter in mariage.

Weast Saxons.

The seauenth Ringdome was of the Weast Saxons, which
conteyned the Countreys of Barkeshire, South-hampton,
Wiltshire, Dorsetshire, Somersetshire, Devonshire, and Cornwall:
and hath dioceses Bathe and Welles, Sarisburie, and Exeter:
hauing on the East side Southsex, on the North side Thames,
on the South and the Weast the Sea Ocean.

This Ringdome, although it tooke beginning long after
the first comming of the Saxons, yet the same endured lon-
gest, and ouercomming all the other Ringdomes, brought
them againe to one Monarchy.

CErdic, the tenth from Woden, with his sonne Kenrike,
landed in Britaine, at a place called Cerdiske Shore, and flew
Natanleod King of the Britaines, and five thousand men, of
whose name the Countrep as farre as Cerdikes foorde, was
called by the name of Natanleod.

C Erdike and Kenrike began to raigne as Kings, and
the same peare they fought with the Britaines in a place
called Cerdikes foorde, and departed banquethers.

After that, they fought with the Britaynes in a place cal-
led Cerdicks lege.

They tooke the Isle of Wight, and gaue the same to their
Pephewes Stuffe and Withgare, and flew the Britaines in
Wuthgarbrig. He reigned long, peares. Withgare the Pe-
phen of Cerdic was buried at Wuthgarbrig, on the Citie of
Withgar.

H.

Kenrike

The West Saxons.

114

526

K
Enrike the sonne of Cerdic fought with the Britaines at
Searesberige, and afterwards at Beranbrige, and at both
times put them to flight, and raigned rrb. yeares.

560

C Eaulin the sonne of Kenrike twke upon him the King-
dome of the West Saxons.

In the beginning of his raigne he discomfited Ethelbert
King of Kent and flew his two Dukes Oflaue and Cnebban
at Wibbandune. Afterward his brother Cutholf: banquethed
the Britaines at Bedford, and wane from them the townes of
Liganburge, Egelsburge, Bensington, and Eigneham.

Sire peres after, Ceaulin flew thre'e kings of the Britaines,
Commeaile, Condidan, & Fariemeile, at Dearham, and twke
thre'e Cities from them, Glocefter, Cirencefter, and Bathance-
fter.

After he fought with the Britaines at Fethanleah, in which
he had the victorie, but left his sonne Cutha: for now his for-
tune changed, and when he had raigned ppritiij. yeares, he
was overcome at Wodnefveorhe, or Wannes dicht in Wilsoire,
and expelled out of his ringdome by the Britaines.

Who, Rudborne,
Layland.

591

C Ealrike the sonne of Cutholfe ruled the West Saxons five
yeares.

598

C Eolnulke son of Cutha before named succèded, who had
continuall warres either with the Englishmen, with Bri-
taines, with the Scottes, or with the Pictes, and lastly moued
warre against the South Saxons, and there dyed when he had
raigned fourtène yeares.

611

Edarian,
Floria, Wig.

K Inegilfus the sonne of Ceolrike succèded. He brought his
holt against the Britaines into Beandune, and there flew of
them two thousand elbj.

V. WestSEX
baptized.

He also fought with Penda King of Mercians nere onto
Cirencefter, and after made peace with him. And shortly af-
ter in the peare of Chrift 635. by the preaching of Berinus,
King Kinegilfus and all his people received the Chriftian
faith, to whome, King Olwald was Godfather at the Font,
of which Kings, the said Berinus had granted to him the Ch-
tie of Dorchester, and builded there an house of Canons for
his.

Vita Berini.

The West Saxons.

115

his Bishops Sea. Kinegilsus reigned rrbv. peares.

Vichiline the sonne of Kinegilsus was baptised by Berinus the Bishop in the Citye of Dorchester, and deceased the same peare.

Vthredus the sonne of King Guicheline, was baptised at Dorchester, by Berinus the Bishop, who was his Godfather at the font. He reigned four yeares.

Ennewalcus the sonne of King Kinegilsus, who on him the Kingdome of the West Saxons.

He founded the Cathedral Church in Winchester, placing there a Bishops Sea.

He gave Meydulfus burgh to Aldelmus the Abbot, there to builde a Monasterie. Afterward he being infested with warres by Penda King of the Mercians, by cause he had sozaken his wife, sifter of the sarp Penda, was by him driven out of his kingdome, and fledde to Anna King of East Angles, where he was baptised of Bishop Fcelix, and after was reformed to his kingdome by the help of the sorenamed Anna. He reigned rrr. yeares. After whom Quene Sexburgeo his wife gouerned a while. She loued a Monastery of Nunnes in the Isle of Shepey, and became his selfe a Nunne, and after Abbesse of Eely.

Afcwinus Pephew to Kinegilsus succæded, he bought a battell against Wulfere King of Mercia, in a place called Bidanheafod. He reigned two yeares.

Enewinus, sonne to Kinnegilsus, chased the Britaines euen to the Sea shore, and reigned nine yeares.

Adwalla, Pephew to Ceauline succæded in the Kingdome.

He flew Berthune Duke of the South Saxons, and brought that province under grënous bondage.

After that, he & his brother Mull waffed Kent, & subdued the Isle of Wight, which till that time was giue to Idolatrie, wherof he purged them, giuing the fourth part therof to Bishop Wilfride, who appointed Preachers to conuerte the people of that Isle to Christianitie. Ceadwalla once agapne

H. if.

spopled

Dorchester a
Bishops Sea.

628

639

643

VWinchester a
Bishops Sea.
Malmesbery
buylded.
Visa Aldelinto.

672

676

685

Marianus.

116

The West Saxons.

spoming the Countrey of Kent, his brother Moll, and rii.
of his Knightes were slaine by fire and fale upon them, after
which time, euen before he was baptised, he gaue for the o^
tenth to God all the pray and spuples he had gotten to his
owne bie: in whome (faith Malmeburie) although we prayse
his affection, we allow not the example: for it is written,
that who so offereth the sacrifice of poore folkes good, doth as
it were sacrifice the sonne in the light of his Father.

W. L. Malme,

687

After.

This being done, he went to Rome to be baptised, when
he had raigned two yeares ouer the West Saxons.

Ne raigned among the West Saxons, a noble man, of great
power and wisedome, and therewith valiant and hardie,
in feates of armes very expert: he maintained such warre
against the Kentish Saxons, that he contrapned them to take
and intreat meanes of peace, giuing to him for the same
great gifts 30000. Mancas (pieces of Gold so named.)

This Inc was the sonne of Kenred, the sonne of Cead-
wolde, brother to Keadwold, and sonne to Chenling, sonne
of Kenri, sonne of Cerdic, the first King of the Weast Saxons.

Marian.

Colledge of
V Velles, and
Abbey of Glas-
enburg built-
ded.

This man builded first the Colledge of Welles.

He also builded the Abbey of Glastenburie, and payde the
Peter Pence first to Rome.

When he had governed the Weast Saxons by the space of
seauen and thirtie yeares, by the earnest laboure of his
wife Etheldreda, which was Abbesse of Barking in Essex,
he gaue vp his royall dignitie, and went to Rome.

726

W. L. Malme,

Ethelard kinsman on the fathers side to Inc, succeeded in
the Ringdome, notwithstanding Oswald a young man of
the Kings bloud did disturbe the beginning of his raigne,
for he stirred vp Rebellion among the inhabitants, but not
long after he died, and then Ethelard raigned quietly foure-
tiene yeares.

Nthrede his kinsman made warre on Ethelwald King
of Mercia and against the Britaines, and had of them the
victorie.

In hiss tyme there appeared two Blasing Starres,
calling

The West Saxons.

talking as it were burning brands towards the North. He Blasinsg Starres. raigned sixtene yeares.

The Englishmen buried not the bodies of their dead in Cities, antill the time of Cuthbert Archbishop of Canterbury, who procured of the Pope, that in Cities there should be popnted Church yards.

Antiqui. Britan. 757
Ecclesi. 757
Buriall in 757 Church-yardes.

Sigebert was made King of the Weast Saxons. He was cru-
sell and tirannous towards his subiects, and chaged anti-
ent Lawes and customes after his owne luff and pleasure,
and because a certayne noble man some deale harply ad-
vertised him to change his manners, he put him to cruell
death : and for so muche as he continued in his malice, and
would not amend, he was depriued of al kingly authoitie,
and laill, as a person for lozne, wandring in woods, and hi-
ding himfelfe in caues of wilde Beasses, he was flapne in
Andreds Walde by a Swineheard, whose Lozde and maylfer
called Cumbra, he had wrongfully put to death, where he had
not raigned one yeare.

Malme. 757
Seal. Croni.

A Tirant came
to a miserable
end and shames
full death.

Enulphus of the bloud of Cerdicus appeased certayne
murmours and grudges that were amongst the people,
for the deposing of his predecessor Sigebert. He founded the
Cathedrall Churche of Welles. As he haunted a woman
which he kept at Merton, he was flapne by treason of one O-
lia the kinsman of Sigebert late King, when he had rai-
ned nine and twentie yeares, and was buried at Winche-
ster.

757
Bishops sea at
VVelles foun-
ded.

B Rithricus of the bloud of Cerdicus, was made King of Weast Saxons.

786

He marped Eadburga the Daughter of Offa King of
Mercia, by whose power he expelled Egbert, that was an
under King in the Lordship of the Weast Saxons.

In his tyme it rapned bloud, whiche falling on mens
clothes, appeared like Crolles.

Bloud rayned.

In Anno 800, the Danes arrived in the Isle called Port-
land, but by the puissance of Brithricus, and other Kings of
the Saxons, they were ouercome at Donmouth, diziuen backe,

The Danes first
arrived in this
land.

H.iiij. and

118

The West Saxons.

Marlansw.

The King poys-
foned by his
wife.

and compelled to auopde the land.

Brithricus was popsoned by his wife Ethelburga, when
he had raigned Seauëtene yeares, it was burped at Warham.
For this dæde, the Nobles ordeemed that from thence-
forth the Kings wines should not be called Quænes, noz
suffered to litte with them in place of eſtate.

Eadburge with infinite treasure fled into France, where
offering a great poſtion of hir Golde to King Charles of
France, he layd vnto hir, choſe Eadburge whome thou wilte
haue to thy Husbande, me, or my ſonne: and the anſwered, if
choſe be granted me, I choſe pour ſonne, bycauſe he is
younger than you: then (quoth Charles) if thou hadst choſen
me, thou shouldst haue had my ſonne, but bycauſe thou haſt
choſen my ſonne, thou haſt haue nepther him noz me, and
then gaue to hir a Monasterie, wherein the p[ro]ſeſſed hir ſelſe
a Nunne, and became their Abbefſe a few yeares, but after
wards committing adulterie with a lay man, and cauſt out
of the Monasterie, the ended hir life in pouertie & miſerie,
as of many that haue ſeene hir we heard, layth mine Autho:
Aſſerius.

After a vvicked
life followed a
miserable end
to Queene
Eadburge.

Houdens.

After.

802

W. Malone.

Seal. Croni.

Britaine first
named England.

Danes arrived
heere.
Sea. Crc.

E gbrichus obtayned the gouernement of the West Saxons.
He tamed the Welchmen, banquished Bertulphus King
of the Mercians at Hellendeme, and subdued to his obeſtance
the Kentish Saxons, East Saxons, and Northumbers. He caused
the h[ra]ſen Image of Cadwaline King of the Britains to be
thrown downe, and this Lande no more to be called Bri-
taine, but Anglia or England. He was Crowned at Winche-
ſter.

In the 33. peare of his raigne the Danes arrived at Lin-
disferne, and foughte with the Englishmen at Carham, where
two Bishops, two Earles, and a great number of the En-
glish people were slayne. Two peares after the Danes arrived
in West Wales, where Egbright ouercame them at Hengi-
stendon. He raigned oner the moſt part of England the place
of Seauen and thirtie peares and Seauen monethes, and was
burped at Winchester.

Adel-

["The West Saxons.", "119", "829", "A Delnulfus the sonne of Egbrichus beganne his raigne ou\nAuer the more parte of Englande. He toke to wife Iudith,\ndaughter to the King of France, and had by his four sonnes,\nwhich were Kings after him.", "W. Malmes.", "In his time, there came a great armie of the Pagan Danes\nwith 350. Ships into the mouth of Thamis, and so to London,\nand spoyled it, and put to flight. Beorthulfe King of Mercia,\nwith all his power which came to bid them battel, and then\nthe Danes went with their armie into Southerie: then Ad-\nhelnulfus with his sonne Adhelbald, and a great army came\nagainst the fozesayd Danes, and at a place called Aolea they\nsought a crnell battell, wherein the most parte of the Danes\nwere slayne.", "Alvedus Rixall.", "Danes spoyle\nLondon.", "The same peare Adhelfstane the sonne of Adhelfus, and\nCalchere þ Carle slet a great armie of the Paganes at Sand-\nwich in Kent, and toke nine of their Shippes.", "Sea,Leve.", "Adhelnulfus sent his sonne Alfride to Rome with a great\nnumber of noble men and other, at which time Pope Leo\nconfirmed the said Alfride, and toke him to his sonne by a\noption, and also consecrated him King.", "This Adhelnulfus did make the tenth part of his king-\ndome free from tribute and seruice to the King, and gave it\nto them that did serve Chrift in the Churche: and the same\npeare he wente to Rome, where he repaired the Englishe\nSchole, which was first founded by Offa King of the Mer-\ncies.", "Tenth given to\nthe Church by\nKing Adelnul-\nfus.", "English Schoole\nat Rome re-\npayred.", "In the meane season, his sonne Adhelbald rebelling,\nbslurped the Kingdome, so that when Adhelnulfus retur-\nned, he was forced to deuide the Kingdome, and to take the\nworste part. He reigned eightaine peares, and was burped\nat Winchester Sapth Affer.", "After.", "857", "A Dhelbald reigned after his Father : against God, & the\nworthinesse of Christianitie, pea, and còtrarie to the cu-\nome of all Paganes, he presumed to hys Fathers mar-\nriage bedde, and with greate infamie, married Iudith\nthe French Kings daughter. He reigned after his father\nH.iiij.", "Flori, Wigore.", "two", "the West Saxons,\nAberystwyth,\nBucks,\nBury,\nCanonsbury,\nCheshire,\nCheltenham,\nChichester,\nChichester City,\nChichester County,\nChichester City Council,\nChichester City Council, West\nChelmsford,\nChorley,\nChorley Urban Council,\nChorley Urban Council, West\nChorley Urban

120

The West Saxons.

two yeares, and was buried at Shirborne.

A Thelbrict, brother to Athelbald, two under his dom-
nion Kent, Southery, and Suffex.

860

Danes invade
and spyle
V Winchester.

In this time, the greate Armie of the Paganes invaded
and spoyled the Citie of Winchester, who when they retur-
ned with a great pray towards their Ships, Ofrike Earle
of Hampton, and his folke, and Adhelnulfus the Earle, with
Barkeshire men, met them, and farre from any Towne they
iopned battell, where the Paganes were flapne in euery
corner, and the Christians kept the field.

The Normans and Danes made a firme league with the
Kentishmen, who promised them money to kiepe the league,
but notwithstanding the Paganes broke priutile out of their
Caffels by night, and spoyled all the Catt parts of Kent.

Danes make a
league, and
breake it.

Athelbrict raigned flue yeares, and was buried at Shir-
borne.

866

E Theldred brother to Adhelbrict, recevued the Ringdome
of the Weast Saxons. In the firste peare of his raigne, a
great Paute of Paganes came into England, and remapned
all the winter in the Ringdome of East England.

Anno 871. the Paganes came to Reading in Barkeshire,
where they cast a great ditch and wall betwixt the two Ri-
ers, Thames and Kynetan, on the right side of the laid towne.

Adhelnulfus Earle of Barkeſhire and his armie, mette
with the Paganes in a place called Engleſfield, where the
Paganes had the worſt, and many of them claine, and the
reſt put to flight.

Etheldred King of the Weast Saxons, and Aelfrede his
brother, came to Reading, where was foughten a fierce and
cruell battell, but at the last the Christians fled, and the Pa-
ganes had the victorie.

Battayle at
Aſſendune.

The Christians within four dayes fought a battell with
the Paganes in Aſſendune, but the Paganes deuided them-
selues into two battels, fo; then they had two Kings, which
when the Christians sawe, they likewise deuided their ar-
mie into two companies.

It

The West Saxons.

It was determined that King Ethelred with his bat-
fell, Thoulde goe againste the two Pagan kings with their
battell, and that his brother Aelfrede with his armpe,
Thoulde set on all the Pagan Dukes and thep armpe.
All things thus ordered, when the king tarried long in
hys prayer, and the Pagans being readilye prepa-
red, came to Chipenhane where the battel was pitched,
Aelfred seing he muste either retire or sette on his enemies
before his brother did come, he straight ways set upon them,
though the place of battel was unequall, for the Pagans had
gotten the higher grounde, and the Christians brought their
battel from the valley. There was in that place one onely
thorne trée, very short, about which tree the battels met and
ioyned, wher when they had a long time fought, Hubba one
of the kings five Carles, and many thousandes moe of the
Pagans being flaine, the other were chased.

Battayle at Af-
fendoune.

Sca. Cron.

A great heape of stones was layd copped bp where Hub
ba was buried, and the place called Hubbeflow.

Hubbelflovv.

This being done, King Ethelred and his brother Ael-
frede short ly after gathered their power againe to fight wyth
the Pagans at Baling, where after a long and soze battaple, the
Pagans had the victorie.

Sca. Cre.

After this battaple, came another armpe of Pagans from
beonde seas, and iopned with the firſt.

Pagans vane
quished.

When King Ethelred had raigned five yeares, he was
flaine of the Pagans at Whitingham, and buried in the Mona-
ſterie of Winburne, with thys Epitaph:

In hoc loco quiescit corpus sancti Etheldredi regis Westsaxo-
ni, martyris qui anno Domini 872. 2. 3. die Aprilis, per manus Daco-
rum Paganorum occubuit. His armes a trolle Florie.

Sca. Cre.
Marianus. Scotus.

Ano.870. Saint Ebbe Abbesse of Coldingham, fire mples
North from Berwick, cutte off hir nose and upperlippe, and
perswaded all hir sitters to doe the like, that they being odi-
ble to the Danes, might the better kæpe their Virginitie, in
despite wherof the Danes burned the Abbey, & the Punnes
therein.

Flores Historiarum
Chaſtitie before
beautie prefer-
red, a rare ex-
ample.

D.v.

Aelfrede

122

The West Saxons.

872

Marians. Scoums.
Florentij Cros
nica cronicaumm.
Affer.
Alfridus
Beuerlacenfus.
Speculum Hift.
VVilshire,
vvhy to named,
Ricardus Cirea
celfrenfis.
Hap of vvarre
doubtful.

A Elfrede bozne in Barkeire, at a village called Wantinge,
the fourth Sonne of Athelwolfe, receyued the gonerne-
ment of the whole realme, and within one month after, with
a very small number fought a charpe battayle againste the
whole armie of the Pagans, in a place called Wilton (whiche
lpeth on the Southside of the Riuer Wily, of whiche riuer the
whole chyze taketh hys name) and after they had foughte a
greate parte of the dave, the Pagans fled, but seeing the
fesvnelle of them that pursued, they sette themselves in bat-
taple againe, and got the fielde.

The West Saxons made league with the Pagans, vpon
condition they shoulde departe out of theys Countrep.

The next peare thep wintred at London, and made league
with the Mercies.

The nerte peare they wintered at Lindeſey, which was in
the Kingdome of Northumberlande.

The next pere, at Ripindune: they conſtrayned Burgoredus
king of Mercies, to flée beyond the Seas, who went to Rome,
where he dyed, and was buried in the Schole of the Sax-
ons.

Burgoredus
death.

The Pagans subduing the whole kingdome of the Mercies,
whiche they committed to Cconulfus: The next peare one
part of the Pagans wintered in Northumberlande neare to the
riuer Tyne, subdued the whole Countrep: the other parte
went with Guthram, Oskecellus, and Amandus, the kings
of the Pagans, to Grantbridge, and wintered there.

The peare following, the Pagans going from Cambridge
in the night, entred the Caffel of Warham, where there was
a Monaferie of Punnes, ſcituate betweene two riuers,
Fraw and Trent, in the Country called in the Saron Thornſe-
ta, a molte sure ſeat, except in the West only, where it iopneth
to the lande: with whome king Aelfrede made a league that
they shoulde departe his kingdome, but contrarie to theys
othe, they rode into Devonſhire, to Exanceſter, and there win-
tered.

Exceeter.

The next peare, 120, of the Pagans Chippes were downed
at

The West Saxons.

of Suaing: And Kyng Aelfrede pursuing an armie that went by lande to Excester, toke of them pledges, and also an othe to depart with all spæde.

In the yeare following the Danes came to Chipingham, a manner of the kings, scituate on the left side of Wiltshire, and there wintred, compelling many of the West Saxons to leave their Countrey and to goe beponde the seas: the reft that ree mayned they subdued. King Aelfrede himselfe was oftentimes brought into such miserie, þ none of his people knew where he was become. On a time, being forced to hide hym with a Cowhearde in Somersetshire, as he satte by the fire, preparing his bowes and shaftes, the Cowherdes wife baing bzeade on the coales, threþw the kings bowes & shaftes aside, and satd, thou fellow whp dost thou not turn the bzead which thou seest burne, thou art glad to eate it ere it be halfe baked. This woman thought not that it had bin K. Aelfred, who had made so many battels against the Danes, and gott so manpe victories. For God did not onely bouchsake to give him victorie ouer his enemies, but also to be wearied of the in the sight of his owne people, to the ende he should knowe there is one God of all, to whom all knæes shall bow, and in whose hands the hearts of kings consilkeþ. The brother of Hinguar and of Healfden, who had wintered in Mercia, & had made great slaughter of the Chzillians, sayled with. 23. Chippes into Devonshire, where doing great mischief, he & the most part of his people were clain, the reft escaped by fléeing to theys, Chippes. In this battaple among many rich spoyles was taken a banner of ensigne called Reafun, which among the Danes was had in greate estimation, for that it was imbrodered by the thzée sickers of Hinguar, and Hubba, þ daugh ters of Lodbroke. King Aelfrede made a Casset in Æthelinge, from thence he went to Petram Egebrichti, which is on the East side of the chace called Sal nudum, in Latine Silua magna, þ great wod: there met with him al the inhabitants of Hapshire, whiche when they sawe the king, reioyced as though he had bene riven from death to life.

The

123

After.
Spre, Histo.
Ri, Chem.

Hinguar flayne
in Deuonshire.

The Ensigne of
the Danes vvas
a Rauen.

Alredus Rivalo.

Ethelyngey, the
noble Ilande.

Egbrights stone.

The West Saxons.

The king with his army wente to Ethandune, and sought
against the Pagans, where he made great slaughter, and pur-
sued the reference to their Cattell, who after a long time desir'd
peace, gaue pledges and toke othe to depart his realm; and
Gythram their King received baptisme harde by Etheling sey,
in a place called Alre, whome Aelfrede receyued to be his
God-fonne.

In the peare. 879. the Pagans went from Chipnan to Cire-
ceaster, and there remapned one peare after. The same peare
a great armpe of Pagans came from beyonde the Sea, and
wintered at Fullanham, harde by the riuer of Thamis.

The nerte peare, the Pagans wente from Circeire to the
Cait English, deuiding that Countrp among them, & there
inhabited. The Pagans that wintered at Fullanham, went into
East Fraunce.

In the peare. 885. an armie of Pagans came into Kent, and
besieged the Cittie of Rhofeceaster, which lyeth on the Caffe
side of the riuer Medowege and before the gate of the same Ci-
tie they made a strong Cattell, but Aelfrede with a greate
Armie chased them to their ships.

The next peare Aelfrede restozed, and honozably repay-
red the Cittie of London (after it had bene amongst other Ci-
ties destroyed with fire, and the people killed by,) he made
it habitable againe, and committed it onto the cultodie of
his sonne in lawe. Adhered Earle of the Mercies. Kenthe-
men, South and West Saxons, (whiche before were in Cap-
tiutie vnder the Pagans) willingly came and submitted the-
selues.

In the peare. 890. Gythram the king of the Pagans
(whole name in his Baptisme was changed to Athelstane)
dyed, he was buried in the kings towne called Headleaga a
mong the East English.

In the peare. 892. the great armie of the Pagans, came fro
the Catt kingdome of Fraunce onto Adbon, and from thence
with 250. chippes into Kent, arrining in the mouth of the
Riuer Limene, whiche riuer runneth from the great wodde,
which

Gythram king
of Danes chri-
kened.
Chichester.

Fulham.

Marianus Scotus.

Rochefour be-
lieged.

Midvay.

Afferius.
Floriacens.
London built
& made inha-
bitable.

Marianus Scotus.

Hadley.

The West Saxons.

Whiche is called Andreads Weald, from whose mouth soure
myles into the same wodde they dze we they? chips, where
they destroyed a Casset, and sozified another moze strong, in
a place called Apultrens, now Apulder. This wod was from
the Casset to the Weaffe. 120.myles in length and moze, in
breedth. 30.myles.

Andreads
vveald in Suf-
sex and Hamp-
shire.

The same pere, Hastings came with. 80. chippes into the
mouth of Thamis, and made a strong town, Middleton in the
South side of þ Thamis, and another on the Northside, called
Beaufleete.

Milton.

The yeare following, the Citie of Yorke was taken by the
Normans, but Seber the Bisshoppe, by Gods provision esca-
ped.

The same yeare also Aelfred fought against the Normans
at Fernham, where he flewe them, wounded their King, and
chased the remnant through the Thamis into Eastsex, wherby
many of them were browned.

Beaufleeet.

Aelfrede hearing that a great number of the Pagans were
arrined at Exanceastre, he toke with him a greate army, and
by batrable ouercame, and chased them away.

In the meane season Adhered Earle of the Mercies, and
the Citizens of London with other came to Beaufleete, and
besieged the Casset of the Pagans, and brake into it, where
they toke erceeding riche spuples of golde, uluer, hozzles, and
garmentes, among whiche was taken the wife of Hastings
and hys two sonnes, whiche were broughte to London, and
presented to the King, who commaunded them to be restor-
red againe. But Hastings came againe into Beaufleete, and
repavzed to the Cassetl, whiche they hadde broken downe.
From thence he wente to Sceabridge, and there builded a
strong Cassetl: there was iwyned onto hym the armpe that
remapned at Apuldrane, and other that came from the East
Englishe, and from the Northumbers, who altogther spopled
and robbed, tyl they came to the bancke of Seuernie, and there
at Bultingatume, they made a strong towne, but by Adhered
Earle of the Mercies and other, they were besieged, a short-
ly

Fernham.

Beaufleeet taken
from the Pagas.

Sudbury.

Apuldoz.

The West Saxons.

ly through famine forced to come out, where many on both sides were slaine, but the Christians had the victorie.

In the peare, 895, the Pagans wintered in a little ile called Merfig, in the East part of Essex, scituate in the sea, and the same peare they sayled by the river of Thamis, after by the river of Ligea, and twentie myles from London began to build a Foortresse. In the Sommer following, the Londoners and other nere adiopning, did séeke to destroy the foortresse of the Danes, but they being put to flight, king Alfrede pitched a fielde not farre from the Citie, leaft the Pagans, should take away the Haruest of the Countrie, and viewing the river one daie, perceypued that the Chanel mighte be in one place dammed vp, that the Danes should not get out their shippes, he forthwith commaunded on both sides the river a damme to be cast, and deuided that river into thys kreames, so that where shippes before had sayled, now a small boate coulde scantly rowe, which when the Pagans perceypued, they leaing their wines and chips, flée a fote to Quatbridge, & there building a Foortresse, lodged there the Winter following, whose shippes the Londoners bring, some to London, the other they brake downe and destroyed.

Anno. 897. the Pagans came from Quatbridge, parte into East England, part into Northumberland: some got them chips and sayled into France. After al these perations, by the cruel Danes committed, followed farre greater, the space of threee yeres, by death of cattaille, and mortalitie of men. XX. Da�le chips were taken being Pirates, and the Prates slaines or hanged on the gallowes.

This victorious Prince, the kudious prouider for widowes, orphanes and poor people, molte perfect in Saxon Poetrie, molte liberall, indued with Wisdome, fortitude, iustice, and temperaunce, the molte patient bearer of sickness, wherewith he was daply bered, a molte discrete searcher of trueth in executing iudgement, a molte vigilant and deuout Prince in the seruice of God, Alfrede, the.rric. poare and sixth month of his raigne, departed this life, the

Florentyd Croc
nica cronicarum
Marionus Scotus.

Ile of Merfey.
Ley, a river that
then bare ships
unto V Vare.
Afterus.

Novv called
Catvvarebrig,
or Catvvald
Bridge.

Alfred deceased
Prayle of King
Alfrede.

The West Saxons.

The year was dave of October, and is buried at Winchester, in the new Monasterie, of his foundation. He founded a Monastery of Monkes at Ethelingsey, and another four Punsnes at Shafsburne. He existed then hundreds, and ten threes, while men call Centuaries and Cupings: he sent four Grimalde, to come into England that he his aduice, he might exist there die of good learning, cleane decayed. By the counsell of Neustus, he existed common scholes of diverse sciences in Oxford, and tourne the Saxon laws into English, with diverse other hokes.

He established good laws, by the which he brought so great a quietness to the Countrep, that men might have hanged golden bractelets and Jewels, where the waves parted, and no man durst touch them so fear of the law. He carried ever the Pfaalter in his bosome, where he had any lepfsure he might read it over with diligence.

He denided the trinity hours of the dave and nighte into three parts: he spent two hours in writing, reading, and praying; eight in piousion of his body; two in hearing and discretion; the third in patching the matters of his subjecks. He denided his perely revenues into two parties, and the first he denided into three one part he gave to his seruants, the second part to his workmen which were occupied in building, the third part to stragers. The second part of the whole, he denided into three parts, the first part wherof he gave in almes to the poor, the second to Monasteries by him founded, the third to scholes which he had erected, and gathered of many both noble mens and other mens sons of his nation, the fourth part he distributed to the next Monasteries in all the English Saxon. Alhafvindo wife to king Alfrede founded the monasterie of Puns in Winckeler.

Edward surnamed Senior, the son of Aelfred, was annoyed king, shortly after Adhelwoldus, cousin germane unto king Edwarde, reuolted and wente to the armie of the Pagans, who forthwith chose him to be their King in Northernlande.

127

W. il. Malme.
Floriacens.
Reg.Hug.
Sca.Cro.
Regift. Hyde.
T. Rudburne.
Vniuer sitie in
Oxiorde.
Marianus Scotus.

Regift. Hide.

Afferius.

Marianus Scotus.

900

Speculum hiftio.
Ri. Cirem.
Adhelvvoldes
reuolteth.

Johannes.

Johns Leafer.

The West Saxons.

Joannes Leafer in his thirde boke of the description of
Afrisca, wzeiteth that about this time (to say) about the pere of
our Lord. 905. the Englishmen at the perlewason of the
Gothes, beslieged the great Citie Argilla in Barbarie, which the
Africanes call Arella, being. 70. myles diffant fro the freight
of Marrocho Southwarde, hoping thereby to withdralw the
Sarazens out of Europe, where they sought with so great con-
rage and good successe, that they wanne the sayde towne, and
so ransacked it with fire and swoode, that they one escaped
there, and the towne laye desolate and without inhabitants
for the space of thirtie yeare. We account thes to haue hap-
ned in the fozesayde yeare, bycause the anchour after the fa-
thion of the Sarazens, doth referre it to the. 314. yeare of Ma-
homets Hegira, which by cöference of thep2 places doth lüme
to beginne in the yeare of our Lord. 591. which number be-
ing added, do bring fozth. 905.

Adhelwoldus King of the Pagans brought a great armye
from East sex, and the East English, whiche robbed and spoyled
throughe all Mercia, and the Waleste Countrey, untill they
came to Crickalde, and there went ouer the Thamis and toke
great spoyles about Bradney.

King Edward gathered an armye and went towarde the
Danes, but while he tarried his armye out of Kent, Adhelwolf
King of the Danes came upon him with a great power, and
bade him battaple, wherein Cochricus & Adelwolfe, kings
of the Pagans were slaine.

In the yeare. 910. a battaile was fought at Wodneffielde,
a mile north from Wolfrune Hampton in Staffordshire, where
Cowilfus & Healidene kings of þ Pagans, with many Eries
and Nobles were slaine, but of the common people inneu-
merable.

Acthiered Earle of the Mercies dyed, and king Edwarde
toke info his Dominion London and Oxenforde, and all the
Countrey adioyning thereunto.

In the yeare. 913. by the Kings commaundement, at
Hertforde, befwirt the riuers of Memeran, Benefician, and Le-
gian,

V Vodneffielde
in Staffordshire
V Wolfrune
Hampton.

The West Saxons.

gian, in the North side a Citie is builded.

In the peare. 914. the Pagans of Northumberland, and Lye-
cester, in the Countie of Oxforde, toke Spuples, and in the
kings towne called Hokenorton, and in manpe other places
they flew many people, and retourned home againe : ano-
ther army of y Danes, being hozzlemen, were sent into Hart-
fordeshire, towardes Legeton, with whom the men of y Coun-
trep encountered, and slaping manye of them, put the rest to
flight, taking theyr hozzles and armour, with a great prape.
King Edward leauing certaine to builde a Citie in y South
part of the riuer Ligea, with moze parte of his armpe wente
into Essex, and encamped at Mealdune, where he tarried til a
Towne was builded at Witbam.

Maldon is
Essex.

In the peare. 915. a great Paule of Danes sayled aboute
the West Countrep, and landed in diverse places, taking
gret papes, and went to their chippes againe. The King
forz strengthning of the Countrep, made a Casset at y mouth
of the water of Auon, and another at Buckingham, ¢ the thirde
falt by, that is, on eyther side of the riuers course one, ¢ then
wente into Northampton and Bedfordshires, and subdued the
Danes there, with their leader called Turketils.

King Edward builded 02 new repayzed the towns of To-
cester and Wigmore.

Toceſter.
V Vigmore.

In the peare. 918. the Kentifh, Southrey, and East Saxons, be-
ſieged Colchester, and wanne it by force, and flew all therein,
a fewe excepted, that eſcaped by flight. The ſame peare king
Edward wente to Colchester with an army, repayzed y wals,
and put a great garrison of ſouldiours into it.

Cogſhal.

Colchester in
Essex.

The next peare died the noble Princesſe Elſleda (wife to
Etheldredus Duke of Mercia) and was burped in the Mo-
naferie of Saint Peter, whiche hir Loode and the beſore had
builded in the Towne of Gloceſter, whiche Monaferie was
after throuwen to the grounde by the Danes, but Aeldredus
Bithoppe of Yorke, ¢ of Worcester, made there another, which
is now the chiefest Church in the towne.

Hèrie Bradſaw.
Reynulf Hygden.

This noble woman Elſleda, redified the Citie of Che-
ſter.

A.

130

The West Saxons.

Chester.
Tomvorth.
Lichfielde.
Stafford.
V Varvike.
Shrevvesburie.
V Vatersburie.
Eldesburie.
Leycester re-
payred.
Runcorn tovvn
and castell, and
Brimsbery
with the bridge
builded.

Marianus Scotus.
W. il. Thorne.
Henricus Hunting.
Alfredus Rival.
Thilvoal built.
M. unchester re-
payred.

924

Alfridus Eiserla.
John Leyland.
Speculum hifto.
Rich. Cirene.

W. Malme.

fter, the repayred the towne of Tomworth, beside Lichfielde,
Stafford, Warwicke, Shrewsburie, Watrissburie, Eldesburie, Legececa-
ster, with a towne and Castell in the North ende of Mercia,
upon the Riuer of Merse, that is called Runcorne: the builded
a bridge ouer Seuerne called Brimsberie bridge, &c.

When the had once affaied the paines that women suffer
in trauayling with childe, the euer after refused the embra-
cing of his husbande, saying, it was not ſemely for any noble
woman to vse such fleshly lyking, whereof thoude enſue ſo
great ſozrow and paine: the tamed the Walchmen, and in di-
uerſe battaples chafed the Danes, after whose death, Edward
helde that Province in hys owne hande.

King Edward builded a newe town against the old town
of Notingham on the South side of the Riuer of Trent, & made
a bridge ouer the ſapde riuer betwene the two townes : he
subdued the kings of Scotland & Wales: he builded a town in þ
þorth end of Mercia, by þ riuer of Merſe, & named it Thilval,
and repayred the towne of Manchester: after al which deids
by him done, he deceased at Faringdon, and was buried at
Winchester, in the new Church, whiche hys father Aelfrede
had builded when he had ræpgne. rriity. peares.

A Delftane, after the deathe of Edwarde Senior his father,
was Crowned at Kingstone by Athelmus Archbishoppe
of Canturburie. His coronation was celebrate in the market
place upon a ſtage erected on hie, that the King mighte be
ſene the better of the multitude. He was a Prince of woz-
thy memorie, baliant and wife in all his actes, and brought
thys lande into one Monarchie: for he erpelled bettely the
Danes, and quieted the Walchmen. He caused them to paye
hym yearely tribute twentie pounde of golde. 300. pounde
of filuer, and 2500. heade of Peate, with hounds & haukes
to a certaine number.

And after that he had by battayle conquered Scotlande: he
made one Constantine king of Scottes under him, adding this
Princely word, that it was more honoure to hym to make a
King, than to be a King. He made ſeuen copning mintes at

Cantur.

The West Saxons.

Canturburie, found for the King, two for the Archbishop, and one for the Abbot: at Rochester, two for the king, and one for the Bishop; but besides these, in London eight: in Wincaster fire: in Lewes two: in Hastings two: in Chichester one: in Hampton two: in Warham two: in Exeter two: in Shafirst burie two: and in every good towne one Copner.

He founded Saint Germaines in Cornewal, which was since a Bishop; he founded Saint Petrocus at Bodmin: he founded Pelton Pziozie, Midleton and Michelney.

In his time Guy Earle of Warwicke, in acombate fleve Colbrond: the Danish Giant, in Hide Meade, neare vnto Winchester.

Athelstane reigned fifteenne peares, and was buried at Malmesburie.

Edmunde, the brother of Adelstan, took on him the go-
uernaunce of thys realme, whose chozte raigne tooke
from him the renoume of moſte hyghe prayses that should
haue redounded to this posteritie: for he was a maſ dispoſed
of nature to noblenesse and Juitice: he toke out of the Danes
hands the Townes of Lincoln, Notingham, Darbie, Leice-
ſter, and Stanſorde, and brought all Mercia to hys Domini
on: he expulsed the two kings Anlafus the ſonne of Sithri-
cus, and Reginalde the ſonne of Cuthberte out of Northum-
berlande, and subdued the Countrep to hys Dominion. He
granted the Pzioiledge vnto Saint Edmund in which the
limits of the Towne of Edmundes Burie are conteyned.

On Saint Auffins day, in the kings towne named Puckel-
church, the King (whileſt he would haue ſaued his Seſwar
from the hands of a wicked thceſe called Leoſe) was ſlayne,
when he had reigned ſive peares and, by monthes, and was
buried at Glastonburie.

Edrede succcaved Edmunde his brother : for hys ſonnes
Edwyne and Edgar were thoughte two yong to take on
them so great a charge. He tooke on him but as p[rotector,]but
afterwards he was crowned at Kingstone.

J.tj.

Thys

131

Canturburie, recorde &

W. Lamberti

Sax. Lawes.

T. Rutborn.

Givardus Cornubi.

Guy of V Var;
Vvicke ſlevy

Colbroad.

Io. Lidgat.

940

Marianus.

Io. Taxtor.

W. Malme.

Spre, Hiflo.

Rich. Ciren.

946

132

The West Saxons.

This Eldred had the earnest favour of the commons, by
cause he was a great maintayner of honestie, and also most
abhozred naughty and unruly persons : for his expertnesse
in feates of armes, he was much commended, whereby he
quieted and kepte in due obeysaunce the Northumbers and
Scottes, and exiled the Danes.

He placed the Bishoppe of Cornewal at Saint Germaines,
where it continued till the time of Edward, nerte before the
conquest, in whose time it was translated to Excester.

In the yere. 951. he committed to prison Wolstan Arch,
byshoppe of Torke in Luthaberie, bycause he often had bene ac-
cused to haue commaunded manye Citizens of Thetforde to
be flaine, in reuenge of the Abbot Adelme undunkly by them
flaine : he was a peare after released, and reftoared to his
sea.

Marinus.
Caribbrecordes.

After.

King Eldred builded Mich at Abindone, gaue gret lads,
and confirmed them Charters, with seales of golde.

He reigned. ir. peares, and was buried in the Cathezall
Church at Wincheste, in the old Monakerte.

955

EDwyn succæded his uncle Eldred in the kingdome : He
was crowned at Kingstone, of whom is left no honest me-
morie, for one hepnous acte by him committed in the begin-
ning of his raigne.

A vicious king.
W. Malme.
Speculum Hift.
Rj. Cirecet.

In the selfe dave of his coronation, he sodaintely wyth-
dzewe himselfe from his Lozes, and in the sight of certaine
persons raunished his owne kinswoman, the wife of a noble
man of his realme, and afterwarde slewe hir hufband, that
he might haue the onlawfull use of hir beautie. For whyche
acte, and for bannishing Dunstane, he became odible to his
subiectes; and of the Northumbers, and people of middle Eng-
lande, that rose against him, was deprinued, when he had rai-
gned four peres. He dyed and was buried in the new Abbey
of Wincheste.

The king de-
prinued.

959

King Crovyne
at Bathe.

EDgar the peaceable, brother to Edwyn, was crowned at
Bathe. He was so excellent in justice, and charpe in cor-
rection of vices, as wel in his magillrates, as other subieats,
that

The West Saxons.

133

that neuer before his dapes was vsed lesse fellonie by robbers, or erfor tion, or zabierie, by false officers. He chauffised great negligence, couetoufnesse and vicious living of the clergie, and broughte them to a better order. Of nature he was but little : yet of minde valiaunt and hardie, and verye erpert in martial pollicie. He prepared a gret nauie of. 2600. chips, which he deposed in these parts of his realme, and had souldiours alway preest and readie againft the incursions of forrain and strange eninies. King Edgar hauing reftored new founded, rlbij. Monasteries, which before his time had bin destruved, and intending to continue that his intentyll the number of. 50. were accomplished, he confirmed the Monasterie of Worcester, whiche Ofwalde then Bishop of Worcester, by the kings consente and leaue had enlarged and augmented, and made it the Cathedrall Churche of that chire. The Princes of Wales, payde to him yearely in name of Tribute. 300. Wolues, by meanes whereof within these yeres, in England and Wales might scarcely be found one Wolsfe.

The Danes and all other people in England, vsed the vice of great dzincking. The king therefoze put downe many alehoouses, and would suffer but one in a village or Towne, except it were a great bozough : he or dayned certaine Cuppes with pinnes or naples, and made a lawe, that who soener dzanke paſſe that marke at one dzaughte, should be fozkayte a certaine payne.

Alwynus Alderman, earle of East-angle, kinsman to king Edgar, founded the Abbey of Ramsey. King Edgar confirming the fame on Chriftmasse dape. 974. in the presence of all the nobilitie. The fame pere was an Earthquake through al England.

Edgar being at Chester, entred the riuer of Dee, hecke toke the rule of the Helme, and caused eyght kings to rowe hym vnto Saint Iohns Churche, and from thence vnto hys Palace, in token that he was Lord and King of so manyprouinces. The names of the eight Kings were, Rinoch king of Scottes, Malcoline of Cumberland, Macone king of Man and of

A. iy. manye

Alfridus Beuserla.

Maynus.
Alredus Rissa.

V. Worcester minster restored.
Ex charta regia.

V. Volumes des froyds.

Against quaffing

Lavvs against dronkardes.

Ramsey founded.
Ex charta regia.

Eight kings ro-
vved K. Edgar.
Floriacensis.

John Pike.

Eulogium.
W. Malme.

Alfridus Beuserla.
Speculum hiftis.

134

The West Saxons.

Ri. Civeceſt.
Rog Hoved.
Flores Historiarum
Reynulf Hygden.
Hérice Braſhaw.
Ednacrus.
Ofbermus.
Antonius Archi.
Marianus Scorus.

975

The king
crovynded at
Kingſtane.
John Pike.
Wil. Malme.
Alfridus Beuerl.
Speculum hifto.
Ri. Ciren.
Flores Historiarum.
The king murd
thered by his
ſtop mother.

V Varvvel and
Almebury
built.

978

W. Malme.
Speculum Hift.
Ric. Ciren.

many Islands: Dufnal King of Demecia, or South Wales: Siferth and Huwall, kings of Wales: Iames King of Galaway: and Lukil of Westmerlande. King Edgar reigned ſiretene pere, and was buried at Glastenburie.

By his first wife Egelsflede (as some doe write) or by a religious botarie, as some other doe write, he hadde issue Edward surnamed the martyn, who succeded after his Father. Of his wife Elfrith daughter to Ordgarus, Duke of Devonshire, he receyued another son named Ethelrede, & a daugh ter named Wolfrith.

Edward the ſonne of Edgar was crowned at Kingſtane by ſhandes of Dunstan Archbifhoppe of Canturburie, and Ofwalde Archbifhoppe of Yorke. This man might well be com pared to his Father ſoz his modestie and gentlenesse, ſo that he was wort[h]ly fauoured of all men, ercept onely of his ſtepmother, and other of hir aliaunce, whyche euer bare a grudge against him, ſoz so muche as the desired to haue ſy gouernaunce of the realme ſoz hir owne ſonne Ethelred.

This Edward while he was hüting in a ſoſſet (by chace) loſt his companie, and rode alone to refresh himselfe at the Caſſell of Corſe, where by Counſaple of his ſtepmother El frede, he was trapſoſouſhe murthered, as he latte on hys hozſe, when he had reigned thze æ peares. He was buried at Warham and after at Shafteſburie.

Elphred did after take great penance, and builded two monasteries of Puns, Almeſburie & Warwel: in which Warwel the after liued a ſolitarie life till he dyed.

Theldrede commonly called Unreadyd, the ſonne of King Edgar, by his ſeconde wife Elphrede, was crowned at Kingſtane. But bycause he came to the Kingdome by wicked meanes, and by killing his brother, he could neuer get the good wyll of the people, who had conceyued an ill opinion of him: of hys aroſe cinill warres within the Realme, and often diſſention and diſcozdes, as well of the Nobles as of the common ſoſt.

Thomas Rudbur.

Anno. 982. a great part of the Citie of London was brent, which

The West Saxons.

which Citie at this time had most building from Ludgate to
warde Westminster: and little or none where the harte of the
Citie is nowe: except in diverse places was housing that
Itode without order: so that mane Cities, as Canturburie,
Yorke, and other in Englande, passed London in building: but
after the Conquest it encreased, and nowe palfeth all other.

A disease not knowne in England in time past, to witte,
Feuers of men, with the Flir, and Mozen of cattayle kil-
led many.

Anno. 994. King Ethelred erected a Bychoppes Sea at Excester.

After.
Flux of men, &
morraline of
Carrailc.
Bishops Sea at
Excester.

The same yeare Anlafe Byng of the Normayes, & Sweyne
King of Danes, on the dave of the Patinitie of our Loode, in
rbiy. Galleps came vp to London, whiche they attempted to
bzeake into, and to set on fire, but they were repulsed, not
without their greate detriment and lolle by the Citizens,
wherebpon they being diziuen with furie, leauing London,
set vpon East flex and Kent, by the Sea coates, bzent Townes,
and walted the fields, without respect of fer or age killed al,
walked with fire & sword al what they may not carry away.
At length being pacified with a Tribute of. 1 6000. pounds,
departed to theyz chyppes, and Wintered at Southampton.

Anno. 995. a Comet appeared. The Bishoprick of Lindi-
fer 02 Holie Iland was removed to Durham.

Bishops Sea at
Durham,

In the yeare. 1002. King Etheldred caused al the Danes in
England to be slayne, vpon the day of Saint Brice. The same
yeare Vlfricus Spote founded a Monasterie at Burton vpon
Trent. In Anno. 1007. Swayn King of Denmark with a gret
army inuaded Engläd with fire and sword. 1004. they fought
a great battell at Thetforde against Vlfekettel Earle of East-
Angle.

The Danes must
thered.
Burton upon
Trent.

After.

The yere. 1009. they fought another battel against Vlfekettel at Rengemore. The yere, 1011. they destroyed Canturburie, & for that they Archbishops Elfegus woulde not yelde to them, he was first impisoned there, & after carried to Grenewiche, and there koned to deathe. Christes Churche is

J.iiij. spoyled

136

The West Saxons.

Tir, lay of the
Danes in Eng-
lande.

Record eccle. Can.
Marianus...
Floriacensis.

Ethelgina and
Emma v viues to
Etheldred.
Alured and Ed-
vvard, the sons
of Etheldred.

W. Gemeticensis.
Encomium Emma

spoyled and bzent : the Monkes with all other men are ten-
thed, nine of euery ten being put to death, the tenth suffered
to live in miserie : the number of them that were left aline
was four Monkes, and of lay people eight hundred, so that y-
number slaine was 36. Monkes, and. 8000. of the lay peo-
ple.

In Anno. 1012. they toke tribute of. 48000. poundes, and
at the last after diverse ouertholwes given to the m¢ of this
Jland, they posseued the same, and putte king Etheldred to
flight, contrapning him to live in erile among the Normãs.

This Etheldred had two wines, Ethelgina an Englishe
woman, and Emma a Norman: of the first he had two childz,
of which fauing of Edmonde who succeded hym in the king-
dome, it were nothing to our purpose to speake. Of the secon
d that was Emma, siffer to Richard Duke of Normandie, there
were bozne two sonnes, to witte, Edward and Alured. And
that I do here (contrarie to that is commonly usd.) set Ed-
ward befoze Alured as elder bzoher, I am moued thereunto
by no smal authozitie, which I haue taken out of the hilo-
riographers of that age, out of Gemeticensis, a molffiliget
writer of Genealogies, and one other authoz, who in hys
Commentarie witten in pzaise of Emma the Quæne, affir-
meth that Edwarde was the elder bzoher, whom I doe the
better belæue, bycause it is not like, that he seeing the things
lwyth his eves, shoulde miſake the matter, eſpecially wi-
ting to the Quæne, who was mother to them both.

Swanus in the meane time subdued al Englande, and the
people foz feare yelded onto hym on euerp side, ouer whome
moſt cruelly he tryumphed. But not long after he departed
this life at Geyneburge, and left Canutus his Sonne, Succellour
in the Kingdome.

Etheldrede hearing that Swanus was dead, leauing in
Normandie with Duke Richard his sitters Sonne, Emma his
wife, and the children that he hadde by hyz, returned with al
ſpæde into Englande with Edmunde his Sonne by hys firſte
wife, being then at mæs ſtate, e by the trucklinſe of his own
men,

The West Saxons.

men, and the apde of the Normans, moued warre against his
enimie.

Canutus finding himselfe unable to matche with him,
went into Denmark, minding to returne hither immediat-
ly againe.

Etheldred being contrarie to his expectation thus reffo-
red to his kingdome, thewed great crueltie upon the Danes
that remained in England, sparing neither man no woman,
yong no old. Therefoze Canutus being very desirous to re-
uenge the same, prepared a new armie, and came into En-
gland against Etheldred with al spæde he could, raging wide
and side with fire and sword. Etheldred in the meane season,
whether by sicknesse or forrow, dyed, when he had raig-
ned eight and thirtie peares, and was burped in the North
Jle of Paules Church in London aboue the high Aulter.

Edmond the Sonne of Etheldred by his first wife, succæded
in the Ringdome, who (whether it were for the greate
strength of his body, or for that he alwayes vsed to go in ar-
mour) was surnamed Ironside.

He had fire battels against Canutus King of the Danes
at Penham hard by Gillingham in Dorsetshire.

He put the Danes to flight after that at Shirestone.

He held euen hand with them in the field, notwithstcan-
ding that the Englishmen at the first beganne to flee, by the
policie of Edricus Duke of Lincolne, and of Merce, who cryed
runne away wretches, Edmond your King is slayne.

After this, King Edmond came to London, to deliuer the
Citizens, whome part of the enimies had besæged as slone
as he was gone from thence.

He had made a ditch also round about the Citie, where
the Riuer of Thamis doth not runne. The Danes fleeing, the
King followed them, and pausing ouer Brentford, he banqui-
hed them with a notable vicozie.

The rest of the Danes which remapned with Cnute (whiles
Edmond reffed him, and set his matters in order) did a-
gaine besæge London, both by water and by lande, but the

J.v.

Citizens

Io. Taxtor.
W. l. Malme.
Alfredus Beuers
lacemfis.

1016

Edmond
Ironfide.
W. Malme.

Leyland.

Edrike a
Traytor.

Ditch about
London.

London befeet
ged both by
land and by
vvater.

138

The West Saxons.

Citizens koutely withstwode, and repulsed them, wherefore
they shewed their anger upon the Countrey of the Mercies,
spoming Townes and Villages with robbery, burnings,
and murther, and carped their pray to the Shippes whiche
they had gathered togither in the River of Medway, which
runneth by Rochester, from whence they were driven by the
King, who taking the fowde of Brentford before them, put
them to flight, and flew a great number of them.

The first and last battell was at Essendone in Essex, nere to Rochford, in which battell Edmond had gote the victorie, but Edrike agayne playing the Traytor, greate slaughter of the Englishmen was made, there the honor of Englande was ouerthrown, and Edmonde wente almost alone on kote to Glocester, where he gathered a newe force to set upon his enimies, but Cuute pursued him as he fledde, and hauing prepared their armies, both the Kings them selfes attempted to fight hand to hand soz the right of the kingdome in the Isle of Olandia in Seuerne, in the which Combat, they both being weerped, fell to a couenant to deuide the same, so that the one halfe of the Kingdome shoulde be under Canutus, and the other halfe under Edmond, which Edmond not long after dyed at Oxford, whereas it is faide he was slayne by the treason of Edrike of Straton, and was burped at Glastenbury, leauing Edmonde and Edwarde his children very yong.

This Edrike was not long unrewarded according to
his desertes, soz hymselfe making daunt thereof onto Ca-
nutus, then being at Baynardes Castell in London, sayde in
this wife, Thus haue I done Canutus soz the love of the,
to whome he answered, saying: and thouhalt dye as well
thou art worthy, bycause thou art giltie of Treason against
God and me, in that thouhalt slayne thine owne Lord and
King, which was iopned to me in league as a Brother, his
bloud be upon thine owne head: and straight wayes, last
there should be any tumulte, the Traytor was in the same
Chamber rozmented to death with firebands and linkes,
and

Cop. Hal.
Sea. Cro.

Combate for
the King Jome.

England de-
nided.

Edrikus a
Traytor.

Speculum hifto.
Rv. Cireceſt.

The Danes.

139

and then his keefe being bounde toghether, he was drawne
throughe the Streetes of the Citie, and callt into a ditch, cal-
ed Hounds ditch, for that the Citizens there callt their dead
Dogges, and such other filth, accompting him wozzthp of no
better buriall. These Princes raigned togyther two
yeares.

Hunkitch.
Treason re-
vvarded.

Anutus the Dane, taking an occasion, bycause in the cou-
enant that was concluded concerning y deuiding of the
Realme, no assurance was made for the Children of Ed-
mond, he chalenged all England to himselfe alone by law as
they call it, of growing to, which was a molte easie thing for
him to do, bycause there was no man that durst erect him-
selke as patrone to defend the childrens right and title, and
by this suttle and craktie interpretation of the covenant: the
Dane gote the Monarchie of England, and flew the brother of
Edmond, and conueped the children farre alway out of En-
gland, least they should at any time be brought againe and
receive their right. Some say, they were sent to a certayne
man that was a Prince in Swethland, there to be dispatched
out of the waye : and that the Prince understanding they
were Kings children, spared them, covtarie to the credit and
trust that was committed unto him: which appeareth to be
true, in that the same foraigne Lord kept and brought uppe
the children honourablye , the pongest of whiche whose
name was Edwarde, did afterwardes marrie Agatha, the
daughter of Henry the fourth, Emperour of Rome, of whome
he had many children, of whiche we shall speake hencfter.
And the other, which was y elder brother, whose name was
Edmond, dyed without children. In the meane season Ca-
nutus, bycause he had no heire that lawfully might succede
him in his kingdome (for Harold e Swaine were begott of
a Concubin) partly that he might establish in time to come
the kingdome that he had gotten unto his owne kindred y
came by lawfull succession: and partly that he might pur-
chale to himselfe the friendship of the Englishmen, and of the
Normans, procured to haue given him in marriage Emma.

the

1018

The Danes
poffesed all
England.

The Kings chil-
dren conueyed
into Svventhen.

Agatha the Em-
perors daughter
the vwife of Ed-
vvarde.

Haroide and
Svvayne concw.
bines children.

140

The Danes.

the widow of King Etheldred, who at that time was wif;
Edward and Alured hir Sonnes in erile with Duke Richard
in Normandy, whiche mariage seymeth to be made euen by
Gods prouidence, who had determined to rettoze the com-
mon wealth in England, whereby, as by the law and title of
recouerie, and returne out of erile, the monarchie of all En-
gland, which the Danes had taken from the Englishmen, and
had posseſed ſire and twentie peares and moze, did returne
againe to the Englishmen that were the right heires. For
Emma concluded marriage with the Dane, upon condition
that the Ringdome of England should remayne onto none o-
ther but to the Children that were begotten of him, if any of
them did remaine aliue : by reaſon of this marriage, hoſtly
after the did beare Canutus a ſonne of his owne name, com-
monly called Hardycanutus.

Mariage made
upon conditiſ.

This ſecond name was giuen him bycauſe of his great
courage, like as his brother Harold was named Hareſkote,
that is to ſay, lightſkote, bycauſe of his notable Swiſtneſſe of
ſkote.

Hovvtyvo
names vvere gi-
uen to Kings.

By this affinitie and aliance, the Danes became of the
more ſtrength and power.

He kept Englishmen in his ſeruice so long as he liued.

He subdued the Scottes whereby he was King of England,
Scotland, Denmarke, and Norway.

Canutus King
of foure King-
domes.

After that, he went to Denmarke, and so to Rome, and re-
turned againe into England, where he kept good iuſtice all
his life, and did many charitable deemes.

He made a faire Church at Ashendune in Eſſex.

Saint Edmunds-
bury buyldeſ.
Ex charia regia.
Marianus.

He founded a new the Monasterie of Saint Edmondeſbury,
reſtozing the donation which Edmond King of the West Sa-
xons had giuen to Saint Edmund the King and Party,
who lyeth there buried.

He appoynted to be King of Norway Swanus his ſonne
(as was ſayde) by Alſbine daughter to Althelme Duke of
Northampton, and his Lady Vulſtrunc: but other ſaid, he was
a Priekts ſonne etc.

Marianus.

He

Harolde.

141

He also appointed his sonne Hardycanutus by Emma,
to be King of Denmarke, and deceaſed at ſhaftesburie when
he had raigned twentie yeares, and was buried in S.Swi-
thens at Winchesteſ.

H. Arold for his Swiſtneſſe called Harefoote Whome Canutus had by a Concubine Alice of Hampton, a Shoakers daughter (affirming himselfe to be ſonne of Canutus and Alſgina the Earle of North-hamptons daughter) ſlept not by him the occaſion and opoſtunitie offered, but bying the ſorce of the Danes that dwelt in England, innaded the Realme, while his brother Hardycanute gouerned in Denmarke.

He tooke from his mother in law Emina, the moſt parte
of the riches and treasure that Canute his father had left hir,
and then with consent of the great Lords began to raigne,
but not so mightily as his Father Canutus did, for a moze
iuſt heire Hardycanutus was loked for, whereupon the
Kingdome was deuided, the North part to Harold, and the
South to Hardycanute.

Edward and Alfred ſonnes to King Ethelred, with ma-
ny knightes, came out of Normandy, to ſee their mother at
Wincheſter, whiche ſoze troubled the mindes of many greate
men, who bare more ſavour to King Harold. Especially
Godwine Earle of Kent, feigning to receiue Alfred as a
friend, came to meete him, but in the end put him in prison,
parte of his companye he put in fetters, and after put out
their eyes. Of some he caused their ſkinne to be plucked o:
uer their eares, chopping off their hands and ſéete. Some he
commanded to be ſolde, and diuers were murthered at Gil-
forde.

Queene Emma hearing of this dealing, the ſent hir ſonne
Edward backe againe into Normandy.

After this, Alfred was conueped to the Ile of Eely, where
his eyes being firſte plucked out, he was deliuered to the
Monckes to be kept prisoner there, where thorſtly after he
departed this life, and was buried in the South Ile of the
West part of the Church.

Bycaule

1038

Peter de Icham.
Marianus.
Floriacen.

142

Hardycanutus.

By cause Hardycanutus delayed to come oner being sent
for, he was utterly rejected, and Harold, who before was
king of the Mercies and Northumbers, was chosen King of
all England, who shortly after expelled his mother in law
Emma out of the Realme. He reigned there peares, dyed at
Oxford, and was buried at Westminister, and after at Saint Cle-
ments without Templebarre at London.

1041

Hardycanutus, the lawsfull begotten Sonne of Canutus and
Emma as some as he had gotten his fathers Kingdome,
fetch'd home his mother out of erile : and in reuenge of dif-
pleasure that was done to him, and of the murther of his
brother Alured, he commanded the carkas of Harold to be
digged out of the earth, and to be thiolwen into the Riuer of
Thamis, where by a Fisher it was taken vp, and brought to
the Danes, who burped it in a Church-pard, which they had
at London. Which done, the King appoynted eyght marks
to be payde to every Sapler in his name, of twelue marks
to every Pilote of Oatesser, which tribute was to be payd of
al England, sogreuous, that scarce any was able to beare it.
Shortly after, he sent for Edward the Sonne of Etheldred, his
brother of the mothers side, to come into England, and em-
braced him with all loue and fausur. Being at a mariage
feast pleasantly drinking with the Bride of other persons,
in the middell of his cups he fell suddaynely downe to the
ground, and so remaining dumbe, departed this life the third
yeare of his raigne, and was buried by his father at Winchefter.

This is supposed to be St. Cle-
ments Church
without Tem-
ple barre.

1043

Alfridus Beuerla,
10. Rouſe.

Edward boorne at Islip besides Oxford, the Sonne of Etheldred, whom Hardycanutus had sent for into England, was Crowned at Winchefter. This Edward, his ercellt hollyneſſe, is vntill this day called Saint Edward, who, so ſone as he had gotten his fathers kingdome, of his owne free will, released the tribute of 40000. pound, called Dane gelt, which the English people, euen from the very beginning of the reigne of the Danes, was compelled to pay to their Kings every yeare. He was also the chieſe autho; and cause, that the law which we call the common Law, was first brought up,

Dane gelt.

The first com-
ming vp of the
common Law.

Edvard Confessor.

143

by, being gathered together out of the laws and ordinances of four nations, which were received when the Island was subject to diners regiments & governances, to witte, of the Mercies, of the West Saxons, of the Danes, & of the Northumberls.

Mercies, vveſt Saxons, Danes, and Northumberls.

He was hard to his mother, by cause he was hard to him in his minozitie, and also suspected with Alwine Bishop of Winchester, whome he put in prizon, by counſell of Roberte Archbishop of Canturbury: but after his mother had purged hirſelſe, Alwine was deliuered, and Robert the Archbishop conueped himſelſe out of England. He took to wive Edgitha, the daughſter of Earle Godwine, who by cause the brought him forſt no children, nepther was there any hope that he should beare any, whé he did ſee that many did gape after ſi kingdome, he began to be careſull for one that should iuſtly succede him, and therfore following the reaſon of ſi common law, he ſent for home into England his Pephew Edward, the ſonne of king Edmond his brother, who by reaſon of his logg absence out of the Countrey, was commonly called ſi outlaw. This is that Edward, the ſonne of King Edmond ſurnamed Ironſide, which remained alive, whome Canutus when he had gotten England, had ſent into Swethen with his brother. He knowing the aduise of his Uncle, came againe into England, and brought with him Agatha his wife, & Edgar, Mar-garet and Christian his children, borne in Panonia, in hope of the kingdome, where he liued but a while. Thus S. Edward being disappoynted, both of his Pephew and his heire, for that Edward the outlaw was both by nére ſenſe of blond, and by lawsfull ſuccession right heire vnto the kingdome, withoute delape pronounced Edgar the outlawes ſonne, and his greate Pephew, to bee heire of the kingdome, and gane him to ſurname Adeling, which name in those dapes was peculiar onely to Kings Children, which were borne in hope and poſſibilitie of the Kingdome: for thys word Adeling, in the English tong, is as much to ſay, as Prince, or Loode, the contrary of which word is Vnderling, that is to ſay, a ſeruant or bondman: or according to the Malche ſpeech,

Sta. Cron.

Edgitha vvas barreyne.

The significati-
on of the vvorſ
Adeling.

Edvard Confessor.

Spæch, Adeling signifieth heire: but bycause this Edgar war
but yong of yeares, and within age, by his testamente he
made Harold the Sonne of Godwine (a koute man both in
warre and peace) Regent, until the yong Edgar should be
of age to receyue the Ringdome, and that then he should be
made King: which thing Harold with a solemne oth promise
ed to see so persozmed and done. Notwithstanding, he like a
Traptour (by force of armes) immediately after his death of
Edward, refused the name of Regent, and pronounced him-
selfe King, whiche thing shortly after brought destruction
both to himselfe, and to all England.

Anno 1051. Euſtace Earle of Bullogne, which had to wife
Goda, ſitter to King Edward, arrived at Douer, where one of
his men quarelling aboute his lodging, flewe one of the
Towneſmen, in reuenge whereof, not only the quareller,
but other of his company, and many of the Towne were
ſlayne, whiche doing so muche offended Godwine Earle of
Kent, that he assembled a great power, wherewith he mar-
ched toward Gloceſter, where the King then lay, unto whom
he ſent meſſengers to denounce warre, except he would de-
liner Euſtace and his ſellow Normans and Bolognians, which
held a Caſſell in the dominions of Kent.

After this, Godwins armie entered into Gloceſter, but it
was there agréed, that at a day appoynted, the King and
Earle Godwine should meete at London: and thus depar-
ting for the time, the King increaſing his armie, ledde the
ſame to London, and Godwine with his power came to
Southwarke on the other ſide of the Riuer Thamis: but there
bycause his armie by little and little ſlipped from him, he
fledde, and the King foorthwith pronounced him, with his
ſive ſonnes, to be banifhed, who ſtraightwayes with his
wife, and two of his ſonnes came to Thorney, where his
Shippe being laden with Golde, Siluer, and precious
things, he ſayled towarde Flanders: his other ſonnes take
Shippe at Bristow, and ſayled into Ireland.

In the next yeare, Harold and Leofwine, ſonnes to Earle
Godwine,

Alfridus Beuerl.
Speculum hiflo.
Ri.Cireceſt.
Flores hiflo.

Floriacen.

## Edward Confessor.

Godwine, returning out of Ireland, entred Seuerne, arrived with many Shippes in Somerset and Dorsetshires, spopled many Townes in the Countrey, flew many people, and returned with pzaپ, then they sayle about Portsmouth. etc.

Carle Godwine landed in Kent, gathered a power, sayled to the Isle of Wight, walking along the sea coasts, till his sonnes Harold and Leofwine came with a Paup, which being come together, they take their course up the River of Thamis, came to Southwark, and there stayed for the tide, and then weped up Ancho, and finding none that offered to resell them on the Bridge, they sayled up by the South side of the River, and his armie by land, placing it selfe upon the banckes side, made them of a thicke and terrible batayle.

After this, the Paucie turned toward the North shore, as though it would have compell'd in the Kings Paucie: but they that were with the King, and with Godwine, abhozred to fight against their owne kindred and Countreymen, wherefore a peace was made, Godwine with his sonnes were reflozed to all former honor, and the Normans were banifhed the land.

As William of Malme sbury Writeth, a certayne yong man being terribly diseased, by reason of humors gathered about his necke into great swelling kernels, came to King Edward, who with his right hand dipped in water, handled his necke, and forthwith þ hardnesse did bzeake, the wormes with the matter ranne out, and all the noyse some swelling asfwaged, so that he was perfectly hole, and faire skinned ere the wéeke were ended: and they that knewe his life, sayd, he had oft cured this plague in Normandy.

This Edward raigned thre and twentie peres, fire mo- nethes, and odde dayes.

He was burped on the day of the Epiphanie, in the Ab- hep of Saint Peeter in Westminster which he had newly buil- ded.

In the same day Harold the eldest sonne of Godwine

R.

Carle

W. Malme.
Kings endl hea-
led by the King.

T. Radbore.

Harolde.

Earle of Kent, and brother to Edgitha the Duene, having
obteyned kaph of the nobilitie, toke the Crowne.

Leofrike Earle of Mercia, and of Hereford, founded the
Monasterie of Couentrie in Anno 1044. He also granted
great priuiledges to that Towne.

H Arold, that he might in some behalfe seme to make the
pyong Edgar amendes for the wrong he had done him,
gaue him the Earledome of Oxford, and so from a King, he
made him an Earle. But in the meane season England be-
gan to be toffed and turmopled with warres within and
without : for the ditheriting of the right heire is alwayes
wont to be the beginning of ciuill warres.

The 24. day of Aprill, a Comete appeared, not only to
the people of this land, but also in other parts of the world
seauen dayes. Toftus enuping (as men said) the pfoferitie
of his brother, skirred vp troubles in the Realme, for he ioy-
ning himselse to Harold the King of Norway, assaulted En-
gland in warlike sozt, both by sea and land. Whose attempt
whiles Harold of England prepared to withstand, William
Duke of Normandy, who notwithstafding he was a Walkard,
was of kinne to Saint Edward in the thirde and fourth de-
græ of consanguinitie, seing a convenient time and occa-
sion offered to take the Kingdome in, gathered a Paule of
896. Shippes, and came into England with a very well ap-
poynted armie, alledging, that by all right and title it was
due to him, by the gift of King Edward his kinsman, and al-
so by the couenant that was made, and by othe established
betwirt Harold and him He landed at Pemsey, nine miles
from Hastings, the 28. of September. Harold notwithstaf-
ding he was bare of men, by reason of the battel that he had
fought against Toftus, and the men of Norway, yet hearing
of Williams comming, wente straightwayes againste him.
Both armies being broughte into aray, the battell was
fought, wherin great slaughter of Englishmen was made, and
the Normans gote the bitozie, especially by meanes of their
wodden bowes and arrowes (which the Englishmen had not
then

146

1066

The yeare of
our Lord be-
ginneth heere
at Christmas.

Reg. Hsued.
Simon Daniel.
Guaiter Couen.

V William Con-
querour coufyn
to King Ed-
vvard by the
mother fide.

Guaiter Couen.

England con-
quered by
vvoden bovyes
and aroyves.

Harolde.

147

Then in dse) soz Duke William commanded his men, that some of them should shote directly sozward, and some upward, by reason whereof, the arrow shot upward, destroyed the English as they couped, and the arrow shot directly above hand wounded them that stwode upright: and King Harold himselfe (valiantly fighting) was shotte through the hzapnes, whereof he dyed, when he had raigned nine monethes, and was burped in the Prieze of Waltham which he had founded. This battell was fought at Hailings in Sex, upon the fourteenth day of October being Hater-day, in the yeare of our Lord 1066. There was slayne of Englishmen 67974, and of Normans 6012.

This was (faith Mathew Paris) the dolefull destruction of this swéte and pleasant land, the Kings whereof (meaning the Saxons) at their first coming, with barbarous countenance and gesture, in warlike sozt, prouoked all men to malice and hatred towards them, who ouercame al men by warre and subtiltie: but after they had receyued the Christian faith, and by little and little applied their diligence unto Religion, they neglected the exercise of armour, soz the Kings did change their habite, and some at Rome, and some in their owne Countrey, sought to change their temperature all Kingdomes soz everlaaking Kingdomes: and many which all their life time embraced worldly things, did yet distribute their treasures unto all the wozkes of mercy: but afterwards when charitie waned, colde, all their studie and trauaile of Religion flaked, and then came the destruction of the inhabitants: first at the comming of the Danes, and now in the expulsing of the Englishmen by the Normans: soz the noble men giuing themselves to gluttonie and lecherie, did not goe to the Church in the morning as Christian men vse to doe, but lying in their Chambers dalying with Women, did heare the Prieſt haſkilie rattle vp diuine seruice. The Clerkes also that had taken orders, if one had learned but his Grammer, euery one wondered at him.

B.ij.

Io. Rouse.

Harold slayne.

Sigebertus Gem-
lacea.

W. Gemitus enſis.

Gualterus Colan.

Hen. Hunting.

Register of

Woodbridge.

Chronicle of
Normandy.

The description
of the Saxons.

Mathew Paris.

W. Mahne.

Flores Historiarum.

All

William Conquerour.

was in an euill state, and that whereas in this Realme of
England, before the comming of the fozefayd Duke William
there were no bondmen, now all, as well noble men, as the
common people, were without respect made subiecte vnto
the perpetuall bondage of the Normans, taking an occasion
by the perill and danger that their neighbours were in, to
prouide for the safety of them selues and their Countrey,
they caused to assemble at Canterbury all the people of the
Countie of Kent, and declared to them the perils and dam-
gers imminent, the miserie that their neighbours were
come into, the pize and insolencie of the Normans, and the
hardnesse and griefe of bondage and seruile estate: where-
upon all the people rather choosing to end their vnfoztunafe
life, than to subimit them selues to an vnaccustomed yoke of
seruitude and bondage, with a common consent determined
to meete Duke William, and to fight with him for the laws
of their Countrey. And yfozefayd Stigand the Archbishop,
and the Abbot Egelsin, choosing rather to die in battell, than
to see their nation in so euill an estate, being encouraged by
the examples of the holy Machabees, became Captayne of
the armie. And at a day appoynted, all the people met at
Swanefcombe two miles welle from Grauef-end, and being hid-
den in the woods, lay priuily in wayte for the comming of
the fozefayd Duke William. And because it can not hurt to
be very wary in such cases, they agræd before hande, that
when the Duke was come, and the passages on euery side
stopped, to the end he should no way be able to escape, euery
one of them, as well Hozemen askötemen, should beare
boughes in their hands. The next day after, whé the Duke
was come into the fields and territozies nere vnto Swanef-
combe, and saw all the Countrey set and placed round about
him, as it had bin a Wirring & mouing wood, and that with
a meane pace they approched and dzewe nere vnto him,
with great discomfiture of mind he wondered at that fight.
And as one as the Captaynes of the Kentishmen sawe that
Duke William was enclosed in the middelt of their armie,
they

William Conquerour.

they caused the trumpets to be founded, their banners to be displayed, and threew downe their boughes, and with their bomes bent, their twods drawne, and their speares and other kinde of weapons stretched forthe, they shewed themselves readie to fight. Duke William and they that were with him, kwood (as no maruell it was) soze affonied, and amazed, and he which thought that he had already all England fall in his kiff, did now dispaire of his owne life. Therefore on the behalfe of the Kentishmen, were sent unto Duke William the Archbishop Stigand, and Egelsin Abbot of Saint Augustines, who told him their message in this soet:

My Lord Duke, behold the people of Kent commeth soforth to mæte you, and to receiue you as their liege Lord, requiring at your hands the things which pertayne to peace, and that under this condition, that all the people of Kent may enjoy sover their antient liberties, and may so euermore use the lawes and customes of the Countrep, otherwise they are ready presently to bidde battell to you, and them that be with you, and are minded rather to die hære altogther, than to departe from the lawes and customes of their Countrep, and to submit themselves to bondage, whereof as yet they neuer had experience. The Duke seeing himself to be diuinen in such a straight and narrow pinch, consulted a while with them that came with him, prudently confiding, that if he should take any repulse or displeasure at the hands of this people, which be the key of England, all that euer he had done before, should be vndone againe, and of no effect, and all his hope and safetie should be kande in danger and ieoparby: not so willingly as wisely he granted the people of Kent their request. So when the couenant was established, and pledges given on both sides, the Kentishmen being iopfull, conducted the Normans (who also were glad) unto Rochester, and pælded up to the Duke, the Earledome of Kent, and the noble Caffell of Douer. Thus the antiente liberties of Englande, and the lawes and customes of the Countrep, whiche before the comming of Duke William

K.iiiij.

out

152

William Conquerour.

The antient li-
berties and
lavves of Eng-
land, remayne
in Kent only.
Thomas Sprot.
Wil.Thorne.

Marianus.
Floriacen, Wiger.

Chro.S.,Albani.

Frederike Ab-
bot of S. Albons
his policie a-
gainst Duke
V. William.

out of Normandy, were equally kept throughout all England,
do (through this industrie and earnest trauell of the Archbi-
shop Stigand and Egelsin Abbot of Saint Augustines) re-
mayne inuiolably obserued untill this day, onely in the
Countie of Kent. Thus farre Thomas Sprot, after him William
Thorne.

After this, Duke William waffed Suffe, Hampshire, Sou-
thery, Middlesex, and Hertforshire, not ceasting to burne
Townes, and fley the people, till he came to Barkehamsteed,
where the Archbifhop Alredus, Wolltan Bishop of Worce-
ster, Wilferus Bishop of Hereford, Clito Edgar, the Carles
Edwine and Morcare, and every one of the noble men about
London came to him, and giuing pledges, submitted them
felues, and Sware fealtie to him, with whome also he made
a league, & neuerthelesse permitted his army till to burne
Townes, and to take Spuples.

There was at that time an Abbot of Saint Albons cal-
led Fretherike, who hearing of the comming of Duke Willi-
am into Hartfordshire, caused the woods betwixt London and
Saint Albons to be felled, that no man could ephther ride oz
go that way for them : and thus the Abbot kept his Mona-
terie, that Duke William might not come there, but was
fayne to coast ouer to the Caffell of Barkehamsteede, who
there, under Suretie, sent for Frederike Abbot of Saint Al-
bons, and demanded of him why such felling of woods was
made about him, more than in other places : Frederike an-
fwered and faide, if the Spirituall men through this land
had done their indeuour, it should not have bin in thy po-
wer to have entred the land so farre: for the Spiritualtie is
of great power. Duke William answered, and I may live
and reioyce, I shall lose their power, and make it lesse, and
specially I will beginne with thee.

The Abbot thought he had said too farre, and (as some as
he might) departed home, called a Chapiter of his biethi,
tolde them of Duke William, toke his leane of them, and
went to Eely, and neuer returned.

Then

William Conquerour.

153

Then Duke William took much of the liuelode of Saint Albons. At Chriſtmas he would be crowned at Gloceſter, at Waihifontide at Westminſter, at Caſter at Winchelſter: theſe ſe aſſes he kept with great roypaltie, but he made his cōmons bare, and himſelfe riche. He was p[ro]oude of poſt, and had a great belly, balde heade, and a bigge man in all the parts of his body, he was a good Archer, and right kewe might bende his bowe. He brought the Iewes from Rhone to inhabite here.

Whe Christmaſſe app[o]ched he marched with al his arm[] to London, that there he mighte be crowned King, which was there done on Chriſtmaſſe daye by Aldred Archbifhoppe of Yorke, and not by Stigande of Canturburie, bycauſe he came not lawfully by that dignitie: then he receyued homage, othe of fidelitie, and pledges of the nobles, and commaunded that in euery towne and village a bel should be r[ong] euery nighe at eight of the clocke, and of all people should then put ſo[th] thep[] fire and candle, and goe to bed, which o[der] was obſerued through this realme during h[is] raigne, and the raigne of William his ſonne.

Duke V Villiam crovvned.

Fire and light
forbidden to the
Englishmen.

The Diftoziographers of that time accompted the yere to beginne at Chriſtmas, after which accompt then began the yeare 1067, but after the accompt of England now obſerued, the yeare beginneth not til the 25. of March following.

And now bicauſe those houses may not be vnremembred vnto who[] King William diſpoſed v[] lands and poſſessions of this realm for their good ſeruice, I haue thought good to pub[li]ſe the names of them as heretofore I haue done, out of the Ch[ronicles] of Normandie, gathered by William Tayleur of Rhone.

To witte, Odo Bifhoppe of Baion: Robert Earle of Mor-
taigne: These two were biethen to Duke William by his
mother: Bandonni de Buillon: Roger Earle of Beamont,
that was surnamed with the Beard, of him came the linage
of Mellent.

R. v.

Guillerm

196

William Conquerour.

| Belafyse. | Boteuile. | Constable. | Delabere. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bowser. | Brafard. | Chaucer. | De la Pole. |
| Bayons. | Belhelme. | Cholmelay. | De la Lind. |
| Bulmere. | Braunche. | Corneuile. | De la Hill. |
| Breoune. | Bolesur. | Champeney. | De la Wate. |
| Beke. | Blundel. | Carew. | De la Watche. |
| Bowlers. | Burdet. | Chawnos. | Dakeny. |
| Banastre. | Bagot. | Claruaile. | Dauntre. |
| Belomy. | Beawpount. | Champaine. | Desuye. |
| Belknape. | Bools. | Carbonell. | Dabernoune. |
| Beauchamp. | Belefroun. | Charles. | Damry. |
| Bandy. | Barchampe. | Chereberge. | Daueros. |
| Broyleby. | Camos. | Chawnes. | De la Vere. |
| Burnel. | Canuille. | Chawmont. | De Lee. |
| Belot. | Chawent. | Cheyne. | De la Warde. |
| Beufort. | Chauncy. | Cursen. | De la Planch. |
| Baudewine. | Couderay. | Conell. | Damway. |
| Burdon. | Coluyle. | Chayters. | De Hervé. |
| Berteuylay. | Chamberlaine. | Cheynes. | Disfard. |
| Barre. | Chambernoue. | Cateray. | Durant. |
| Buffeuile. | Cribet. | Cherecourt. | Drury. |
| Blunt. | Corbine. | Chaunuile. | Eſtrange. |
| Beawper. | Corbet. | Clereny. | Escutauile. |
| Bret. | Coniers. | Curly. | Escriols. |
| Barret. | Chaundos. | Clyfford. | Engayne. |
| Bainard. | Coucy. | Denauile. | Euers. |
| Barnevale. | Chaworthe. | Dercy. | Eſturney. |
| Barry. | Claremaus. | Dine. | Foulule. |
| Bodyt. | Clarell. | Dispencer. | Fitz Water. |
| Berteuile. | Camuine. | Daniel. | Fitz marmaduk |
| Bertine. | Chaunduyt. | Denyſe. | Filberd. |
| Belew. | Claruays. | Druell. | Fitz Roger. |
| Bushell. | Chantilowe. | Deuaus. | Fitz Robert. |
| Beleners. | Colet. | Dauers. | Fanecourt. |
| Buffard. | Cressy. | Doningels. | Fitz Phillip. |
| Boteler. | Courtenay. | Darel. | Fitz William. |

Fitz

William Conquerour.

Vilielmo viro sapiëtia & vita sanclitate claro, qui pri-
mum diuо Edwardo Regi & Confessori familiaris,
nuper in Episcopum Londinenfem erèctus, nec multo
posſt apud nuicſſimù Principem Guilelmum Anglie
regem eius nominis primum, ob prudentiam fidemqué
ſingularem in consilium adhibitus: ampliſſima huic urbi celeberime
priuilegia abeodem impetrauit. Senatus populusque Londinenſis be-
ne merenti pofuit. Sedit Episcopus Annos. 20. Deceſſit anno à Chri-
Ho nato. 1070.

159

Epitaph of
V William By
shop of Lond.

HÆc tibi, clare pater poffuerunt marmoraciuſes,
Pramia, non meritis, equiparanda tuis:
Namque ſibi populi, te Londoniensis amicum,
Senſit, & huic urbi non lene præſidium.
Reddita libertas duce te, dotaque multis
Te duce, res fuerat publica muneribus.
Diuities, genus, & formam breuis opprimat hora,
Hac tuaſed pietas, & benefacta manent.

Obiſt anno. 1070. Sedit Epifcopus. annos. 20.

The fame in English.

O William a man famous in wifedome and holyneſſe of life, who firſt with Saint Edward the king and Confefſour being familiar, of late preferred to be Byſhoppe of London, and not long after for hys prudencie and ſincere fidelitie, admitted to be of counſel with the moſte viſtorious Prince William king of Englande of that name the firſt, who obteyned of the fame great and large priuiledges to this famous Citie. The Senate and Citizens of Lôdon to him hauing well deferuſed, haue made this. He continued Bifhop.xxiyeares and died in the yere after Chriſt his natiuitie.1070.

These

William Conquerour.

T Hese Marble monuments to thee thy Citizens aſsigne,
Rewardes (O Father) far vnſit to thofe deſerts of thine.
Thee vnto them a faithfull friend, thy London people founde,
And to thys towne, of no ſmall weyght, a ſtay both ſure and
founde:
Their liberties reſtorde to them, by means of thee haue been;
Their publike weale by meanes of thee, large gifts haue ſelte
and ſeen.
Thy riches, ſtocke, and beautie braue, one houre hathe them
ſuppreſt,
Yet theſe thy vertues and good deedes, with vs for euer ſteſe.

Marianne.
Typodigma.
Neuftria.

Ang William, (leaning his brother Odo Byshop of Bay-
Ron, and William Fitz Osberne whom he had made Earle
of Hereford, to be Wardens of England) retourned into Nor-
mandie, which at that time was bent to think from him. He
toke with him Edgare Etheling, Stigandus Archbithoppe of
Canturburie, Frederike Abbot of Saint Albons, Egelnothus Ab-
bot of Glastenburie, Edwyne Duke of Mercia, Morcarus duke
of Northumberland, Walden Earle of Northampton and of
Huntington, Roger late Earle of Hertford, Renulphe Earle of
Cambridge, Gofpatrike Earle of Cumberland, Gualter the son
of Siward, and manpe other nobles of England thinking they
woulde be truer to him in a forraine Countrep than in their
owne : by theſe diligence he ſubduced the rebelling Normans.
When Winter was at hand, King William retourned, and
ſet an impoſtable tribute on the Englishmen.

W. de Wilum.

Exceſter be-
ſeged.

After this going into Devonshire he beſieged Exceſter,
which the Citizens and other English men helde againſte
him.

The Countelle Githa mother of King Harolde, and lilter
to Swanus King of Denmark with manpe other fleering out of
the Cittie eſcapes, and got them ouer into Flaunders, and the
Citizens pælded to the King.

Annoreg.2.
1068

Typodigma.

Mathild wife to King William came ſoſth of Normandie, and
on Whitſonday, was conſecrated Queene by Aldred Arche-
byſhop

William Conquerour.

bishop of Torke. After this Marlewin, Gospatricke, and other
noble menne of Northumberlande, to anoyde king Williams
roughe and bopferous dealings, taking with them Edgar,
Etheling, and his mother Agatha, with his two sifters Mar-
garet and Christian, wente by sea into Scotlande, where they
were received and well entertained of Malcoline king of
Scottes, who toke Margaret the sifter of Edgar to wife.

King William with his armpe wente to Notingham and
there builded a Caffel: he went to Torke, and made there two
Caffels, and put in them garisons: he cōmaunded also Ca-
ffels to be made at Lincolne and other places.

This pere Henrie the kings sonne was bozne in Englađ,
foz his eldast sons Robert and William Rufus were bozne in
Normandie, before he Conquered England.

King William gaue to Robert Commin the Earledome
of Northumberland, who entred by fozce into Durefme, but foz
his outrages there done, he and 900. of his men were flaine
by the men of that Countrey, in the Bischoppes palace, that
had himselse receyued him honourablye, and king William
came afterward upon them and flewe them euery one.

Agelricus bishop of Durham, being accused of treason, was
impriſoned at Westminſter. And his brother Egelwine be-
ing made Bishop there, was ſone banifhed.

The Englishmen that were fledde out of Englande, hauing
Edgar to be their Captaine, returned out of Scotlande, and
ſobainely set upon the garisons that King William had ſette
at Torke, put them to flighte, flewe them, poſſessed the Citie,
and pronounced Edgar to be King; but not long after King
William came with a great armpe and reconered the Citie,
conſtrayning Edgar to retourne into Scotlande. Edgar ſeing
he could not make his partye good with king William, ad-
topned onto hym Canutus king of the Danes, promiſing hym
halſe of the kingdome. Thus they entred Englande and came
to Torke.

The Normaines that were left to defende the Citie, ſette
their suburbs on fire, that their enemies shoulde haue no

L.

com

John Rouſe.

Caffel at No-
tingham, Yorke
and Lincolne.
built.

T. Rudborne.

Earle of Nor-
thumberlande
flaine.

Liber Dunelme.

Anno. reg. 3.

Scd. Cro.

1069

Yorke brek.

278

Henry the thirde.

Sherifes.
Maior.

1261

King Henry
abfolued.

3000.pound
Kerling.

Anno reg. 46

Sherifes.
Maior.

1262

The Barons in
armourc.

Ievres spoyled
for Vurie.

Wil. Packington.
Anno reg. 47

Sherifes.
Maior.

1263

Macy a French
man Conne-
stable of Gloce-
ter.

Robert of Gloceſt.

Adam Browning: Henry Couentry, the 28. of Septem-
William Fitz Richard, the 28. of October.

King Henry published at Dowles Crosse the Dopes
absolution for him and all his that were twentie to mapp-
tepne the articles made in the Parliament at Oxford, and
then he with the Quene sayled into France, to make a final
concord betweene him, and the King of France for Normandy,
where the composition was, that Normandy should remaine
to the French King, paying to the King of England and his
heires yearly thirtie thousand pounds Turnops, which is
3000.pound kerling.

John Northampton: Richard Pickard, the 28. of Septem-
William Fitz Richard, the 28. of October.

The Barons of Englande (Simon de Mountfort being
their chiefetaine) armed theſelues againſt the King, at this
peare houered about London, and other places, without any
notable acte of Rebellion, ſauing that they robbed alians,
and ſuche other persons as they knewe to be againſt their
purpose, especially they flew the Iewes in all places. There
was ſlayne Iewes at London to the number of 700, the rest
were spoyled, & their ſinagogue defaced, bycaufe one Iewe
would haue forced a Christian man to haue payde moze that
two pence for the Vurie of twentie Shillings a weeke.

Richard of Clare Earle of Gloceſter, ſon of Gilbert of Clare,
being with King Henry in France, deceased, & was buryed
at Tewkesburie, and Gilbert his ſonne succeded him.

John Taylor: Richard Walbroke, the 28. of September.
Thomas Fitz Thomas, Fitz Richard, the 28. of October.

Sir Macy de Befcile, a Frenchman, was by the King made
Sherife and Conneſtable of Gloceſter, wherwith the Barons
being offended, they chose to be Sherife and plated there a
Knight of that Countrey called Sir William Tracy, which
Sir William keeping Court upon a day in the Towne of
Gloceſter, Macy the Frenchman, with a number of armed men
came födeinely upon him, dzeaw him to the ground, and so to
the Casset, and casset him in prison, whereof who the Barons
underſtode, they ſent Roger Clifford, and Sir John Gifford

With

Henry the third.

279

with a great power to Gloceſter, who beſeeſing the Caffell, beſent the bridge, and entred at the laſt, where they toke the ſaid Macy, with all his company, and ſo that a Carpenter keſ the Caffell with a quarell, had ſlaine an Esquier of the Barons partie, Sir John Gifford made the ſame Carpenter to leape from the top of the Caffell, where through he was crushed to death, Sir Roger Clifford toke the keeping of that Caffell upon him, and ſente Macy into the March, Sir John Gifford toke all Macies goodes at Sherestone, and elsewhere.

Cloceſter Caſſell taken by the Barons.

Peter de Egblonuch a Frenchman, Bishop of Hereford, was dnalne out of his Cathedrall Churche by Thommas Turberuill, and other, and ſent to the Caffel of Erdeſley, where he and Sir Macy were both committed to safe ward: his treaſure was ſpoyled, and his Chanons ſent to prſon: and thus were Frenchmen ſerued through the Land where they mought be ſounde, by them that were on the Barons part.

Bishop of He-
reford a French-
man.

Simon de Mountfort with the Barons, pitched theyz Tents in Istleworth oz Thisleworth Parke. The Manoz of Tho. Wikes, the ſame Istleworth belonging to Richard King of Almayne, was burnt by ſ Londoners. They also burned another house of his née to Westminſter.

The Queene
chafed.

Nichola Triuets.

In this meane while, the King and Quene remained in the Tower of London, and when ſe Quene would haue gone by water vnto Windeſore, the Londoners getting them to the Bridge in great numbers, under the which the muſt paſſe, cried out on him, vſing many bile and rep ſochful words, thzeſw durt and ſtones at him, that the was conſtreyned to returne againe to the Tower. The Citizens forſtified the Citie with iron Chapnes, dnalne ouerthwart their Kreetes, munited the Citie, and did maruellous things.

Kreetes of Lo-
don chayned.
Annales of Hyda.

There was a peace concluded betwirte the King, and the Barons, with these conditions, that Henry, ſonne to the Kyng of Almayne, that toke the Barons parte, and was in prſon, Thoulde be deliuered, that S. IIII.

Henry the third.

all the Kings Calfels through England should be put into
the Barons hands, that the p[ro]DUi[tons] of Oxford should be
kept, and that all Strangers within a certaine time should
depart the land, those except, whose abode the faithfull pers-
ons of the Realme with one assent shoulde accept: lastly,
that the Englishmen bozne, and such as were faithfull men to
the Ringdome, shoulde order and rule the businesse of the
land under the King. But this notwithstanding, certayne
Knights of the Kings part so[rtified the Calfel of Winde[fore]
with bittayles and armour. Edward the Kings Sonne came
to Bristol, where discorde rose betwixt his Knights and
the Townesmen, so that the Townesmen were minded
to haue beseege[ d] the Calfell : whiche when Edward under-
導ode, he sent so[z] Walter Bischop of Winch[est]er that toke the
Barons part, that in his company he might go to the Court
of his father, promising to perswade his father to peace.
H[are]bp[ò] going so[th] with y[] Bischop, til they came to Wind-
[es]ore, he entred the Calfell, to the great misliking of the Bl-
[is]hop : but Edward so[rtly] returned, and wente to m[æ]te Si-
mon Earle of Leic[es]ter, that he with his adherents were co-
ming to bes[æ]ge Winde[fore] Calfell. Edward the Kings sonne
met with y[] sayd Simon about King[st]on, and offered meane[s]
of peace : but Simon tru[st]ing to Bis[hop] Walters counsell,
detepned Edward with him, and woulde not suffer him to
depart till the Calfell was ye[lded], the[]y that were within
hauing libertie to departe whither the[]y woulde, and the
Strangers that minded to p[as]se the Seas, had fa[ce]condu[ct]
granted them. Lewlin p[ri]nce of Wales confederate with
Earle Simon, in the meane time, walled the Countrep of
Che[ster], and the Marches of the same, and ouerthrew to the
grounde the Calfels of D[iff]ard and Gam[oke]. After this, a
Parliament was holden at London, in the which, many that
had held with the Earle, went to the Kings part, as Henry
of Almaine, Sonne to Richard King of Romaynes, and other.
The Kings partie being encreased, he wente to Douer, and
endeuoured to haue gotte that Calfell out of the Earles
hands, but he travelled in bayne.

Robert

Annoreg. 48

Henrie the thirde.

281

Robert Mountpiler. Osbert Suffolk, the 28.of September.

Thomas Fitz Thomas Fitz Richard the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. §

1264

Lewes King of Fraunce, thonghe procuring of Boniface
Archbishop of Canturburie (who in politicke Sermons at Par-
ris, as well at the Friers Diechers, as Minors, declared the
doings betwirt the King of Englande, and the Earle of Leice-
ster) toke upon him to make a peace betwirte them: where-
upon the King of Englande, with his Sonne Edwarde, and di-
uerse other of the English nobilitie, came to Paris aboute the
rry. of Januarie, but the Earle of Leicester, fearing y French
Kings displeasure for his mothers sake, or some other cause
not knowen, staped at home in England and pROCEDED in hys
businesse: wherefore Roger Mortimer began to destroye the
posseffions which the Earle of Leicester helde, againste who-
the Prince of Wales went, and besieged the Castel of Radnore,
and brought it to Pælde.

Edward the Kings Sonne, after his returne from Paris, a-
bout Lent, toke his iourney toward the March, and palling
by Oxford, the Burgeſſes shut vp their gates againſt hym,
whereby he was forſced to lye at the kings Hall without the
towne till the nert mozrowe and then departed. The Schol-
lers of Oxford being shut within the Towne, bake vppe the
gate that leadeth toward Beaumonte, for which deede the Ma-
ioz ſent ſome of them to prison: and not long after, whyle the
Schollers were at dinner, the Maioz and Commons wyth
banners displaye, thoughte to haue ſpoyled the Clearkes
ere they had bin aware, but being eſpied, the Schollers ran
togither, and with bowes and other weapons ſlewe and
wounded the Burgeſſes and Commons, bake vp manpe
houses, ſpoyling the goods, and set the houses of the Poztri-
tues (William Spicer and Geſſrey Hencley) on Fier, on the
South side of the towne. Doyeouer, bycause the Maioz (Ni-
cholas Kingſtone) was a Tintener, they bake vp the Tin-
try, dianke the Wines, and ſpoyled them, for the which ſacte
the King caused the Clearkes and Schollers to be banifhed
the Uniuersitie.

The Schollers
and Burgeſſes
of Oxford
the one ſpoyle
the other.

Clarkes of Ox-
ſorde banished..

S.v.

Edward.

282

Henrie the thirde.

Edward the kings sonne toke the Caffels of Hay & Hurstington, belonging to the Carle of Hereforde, and the Caffel of Brecon being also rendered to him, he deliuered to Roger Mortimer to keepe, with the teritoie adiacent. Robert Ferrers Carle of Darbie (who toke part with Erle Simon) besieged Worcester, and entring by the olde Caffel, spoyled the Citizens of their goods, and compelled the Jewes to be chistened. The towne of Glocester, that befoze was taken by the Barbs, was now affailed by Edward the kings son, who entred y Caffel by great force, & in the next mozing by meanes of the Bishop of Worcester, and Reignald Abbot of Glocester, a truce was taken betwixt the Barons in the towne, and the Kings sonne in the Caffell: but shortly after, the Barons fled, and the Burgestes submitting themselves, were some of them hanged, the residue cast in prison, grieuously ransomed, and the towne destroyed, from whence the Kings sonne departed, spoyling and wathing the Country (contrary to his othe made to the Barons) till he came to Oxford, where he lodged in the house of the Frier Paechers, and iowned his power with the King his Father, who was lately come thither to make his offering to Saint Friswide (not fearing the superstitious opinion, y if any King entred y towne, the Virgin there would be auenged on him.) The Kyng having now with him his brother Richard king of Almaine, his sonne Edward, William de Valence his brother on the mothers side, and Iohn Cumyn of Scotland, with a multitude of Scottishmen, Iohn de Bailliol Lord of Galloway, Robert le Bruse lord of Anandale, Roger de Clifford, Phillip de Marmiò, Iohn de Vallibus, Roger de Laborne, Henrie Percy, Phillip Basset, Roger de Mortimer, with an army went and besieged Northampton, and the fourth of Aprill breaking the Wall, toke y towne and in it sixtene knightes bearing Banners, Simon Mountfort the ponger, William de Ferrers, Peter de Mountfort, Baldwine Wake, Adam de Newmarche, Roger Bartrande, Simon Fitz Simon, Berengario de Wateruile, Hughe Gubion, Thomas Maunsell, Roger Bonteuileyne, Nicholas

Wake,

V Worcester be-
lieged.

Glocester be-
lieged.

Nothampton be-
lieged.

Henrie the thirde.

Wake, Robert de Newenton, Phillip de Derby, Grimwald de Paunsevent: of whom Simon the Ponger was sent to Wincheler, the residue to other places to be safely kept. Other Knightes of meaner degree were taken, to the number of 11, and not a few of Esquires: from thence the king went to wardes Notingham, wailing with fire andwoode the maner places of the Barons, and there he gathered his Lords and great men.

Earle Simon went to London, and from thence to Roche-ster, whiche John Earle Warren defended, the bridge and first gate wherof when he had wonne, being infor med that the king was coming towards London, he lefte theliege and went backe to mæte hym: but the king turning his waye fro Londò toke the Casset of Kenington on Kingston, which was the Erle of Glocesters, & then going to Rochester, chased away some that remayned at the liege, but fewe many moe: from thence he went to Tonbridge, the Casset whereof he toke, and the Counties of Gloceſter within it: leauing a garrison there, he went to Wincheler, where he receiued the of the v. Pozkes to his peace, & paſing further to Lewes, was receiued into þ Priory, & his ſon into the Casset, wher whiles he remained, the Barons wit to him letters, as we may read in Mathew Paris, & Nicholas Triuet: but they taking no effect, þ Barons in armes approched towards Lewes, inuading þ kings people þ wer gone for thyn forage, wherof the king being war ned, he goeth for th to mæte the with his army deuided into threæ ſoths. The first was led by Edward the kings ſon, ha tning with him William de Valence Erle of Penbroke, & John de Waren Earle of Surrey and Suffolk. The ſeconde was guis ed by Richard R. of Almain, with his ſon Henrie. The third the R. himself had in gouerning. The Barons army was deu ied into four wardes. The first led Henrie de Mountfort with the Erle of Hereford. The ſeconde led Gilbert de Clare Wyth John Fitz John & Willià de Moutchance. The third in which the Londoners were, Nicholas Segraue. The fourth Erle Simo himself led with Thomas de Pelueſton. Edwarde the Kings ſonne

Rochester be-
fieged.

Casset at King's
stone or Ke-
lington taken.

Casset of Ton-
bridge taken.

Battel at
Levves.

284

Henrie the thirde.

sonne with hys battaple brake on his enimes that he made
them to giue backe, of whom many were drowned.

The *Londoners* were put to flyghte, whom whilest the
kings sonne purfued for the space of foure miles, he made
great slaughte, but being separate fro the rest of the army,
he weakened his part soze.

In the meane time manye of the Kings battaple were
slaine, and the King of Almaine taken in a Windmil by Spz.
John de Beuis, so was Robert le Bruis and John Commyne,
which had brought the Scottes King Henrie also hauing hys
housse slaine vnder him, pælded to the Earle of Gloucester,
who sent him prisoner to the Pziorie. Edward returning, is
recepued with charpe battaple, and the Earle Waren, Will-
am de Valence, Grey de Lesmute, the Kings halfe hzethen,
Hugh Bigod with me of armes to the number of. 400. Haber-
ions gotte then the Casset of Pemfey, and when many were
slayne on euther side, the Lozde Edwarde rpyding aboute the
towne, found his father in the Pziorie.

The King of
Almaine taken.

King Henrie
taken.

In the meane time an assault being giuen to the Castle,
which was valiauntly defended, the Barons withdrew the:
wherebpon the Lord Edward being greatly encouraged, and
hauing gathered his people about him, woulde haue made a
new battaple, so that the Barons sued for peace, whiche by
meanes of the Friars Preachers and Hinozs, was brought
to palle, that on the Friday following, the Lords, Edwarde
& Henrie, soz theyz Fathers, of England and Almayne kings,
delivered themselues to Earle Simon, upon hope of quiet
nelle and peace that might be concluded. On the Sater-
daye the king licenced them that were aboute him to de-
part to theyz houses, & wuz it unto the that were in Tonbridge
Casset, that they shoulde not moleſt the Barons, as they re-
turned homewardes : but they notwithstanding being in
armes, when they heard that the *Londoners* which were fled
from the battaile were received into Croydon, they haffed thy-
ther, and slaying many of them got great spoyles. From
thence they went to Briston, wher they remapned til Edward

the

Edvard the
Kings fon taken.

Henrie the thirde.

285

the kings sonne was deliuered. There was slain in the bat-
taple at Lewes, (which was fought on the rj.of May,) aboute
4500.men. About that time a gret part of Westcheape in Lon-
don was brent by treason.

Robert of Gloceſt.
V. Westchepe in
London brent.

Erle Simon led the R. & his Son Edward about with him till he had gotte all the strong Caffels of the lande into his hands, and then put Richard King of Almaine in þ tower of London, and Edwarde the Kings Sonne in Douer Castle.

W. Pakenton.
Chro. Glaſton.

In the mean time, Roger Mortimer, James Audeley, Roger Leyborne, Roger Clifforde, Haymo Leftrange, Hugh de Turberuile, with many other, rose against Simo, who toressaye theyz boldnesse, associating to him the Prince of Wales, entred the Caffell of Hereforde, and caused Edward the Kings Sonne to be brought thither from Douer: after thys he wanne the Caffell of Hey, whiche belonged to the Earle of Hereforde, and toke the Caffell of Ludlow, and after wallying þ landes of Roger Mortimer, goeth towardes Mountgomerie, &c. there taking pledges of peace of þ fayd nobles, he turneth to the South parts, to meete the power, which was fayd to come out of Fraunce to the kings ayde.

Cafel of Lud-
lovy taken.

Pope Vrbane sent a Legate and Cardinall, the Bishop of Sabrine, into Englande, but they might not enter the realm, the five Portes prohibiting them: whereupon they called certain English Bishops ftreft to Amience, and after to Bulloigne, to whom he committed the sentence of ercommunication to be pronounced against the Citie of London, the five Portes, and al those that troubled the King of Englads peace: but the Wys hops disembled the matter.

This peare about the 20. of June a notable blasing Starre
appeared, such a one as had not ben seene in that age, which
rising from the East with gret brightnesse unto the middest of
the Semisperie drew his streame, it continued till after M.
chaelmas.

Gregory Rokesley, Thomas of Deford, the 28. of Septem.

Thomas Fitz Thomas Fitz Richard, the. 28. of October.

Betwixt Simon of Leicester, and Gilbert of Gloucester write
arose,

Blasring Starre.
Nic.Triuet.
Rober of Gloceſter.

Anno reg. 49.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. 5

1265

Henrie the thirde.

arose, so that Simond not only kept the king & other, as p[ro]soners, but also toke to himself the reuennowes of the kingly dome, etc. which should haue bene equally deuided amongst them, so þ Gilbert of Gloucester departing, toyned to him in league the noble Knights of the Marches, who Erle Simond had commanded to auoyde the Realme, but John de Waren Earle of Surrey and Sussex, & William de Valèce Erle of Penbroke, had brought a great power by sea in the Weast parts of Wales, and arriving at Penbroke, Earle Simon leading the king with him, went to Hereford where he gathered a great power, to oppresse the sapd knights: but while the P[zel]ates laboured so for peace, Edward the kings son being in þ Caffel of Hereford is permitted to exercise himselfe on h[oz]zebacke in a medowe without the Citie by his keepers, where after he had wearied diuerse h[oz]zes, and mounting on a fresh ap[pointed] so that purpose, he rode quite away, and palling the riuer of Wey, with two Knights and foure Esquires, was so[lowed] hard by his keepers: but when they were auuiled of the standards of Roger Mortimere and Roger Clifford coming to his relieſe, they returned, & he eſcaped to Wigmore. And this chaunced in the Whitſon w[ée]ke. Lord Edward be[ing] thus eſcaped, gathereth an army, confederateth and submitteth to him the Countreys of Hereford, Worcester, Salop, & Chester, with the townes, Cities and Caffelles, he also winneth by force the Citie of Gloucester, whoche Earle Simon had lately soſtifyed, the townes men fled to the Caffel, who rv. daves after p[æ]ielded it, and departed. The Earle of Leicester wan the Caffle of Monmouth, and layde it flat with the grounde, and entring into the lande of the Earle of Gloucester called Glomorgan, meeting with the Prince of Wales coming to his ayde, they deſtroped al with fire and swo[d].

Edwarde the Kings ſonne hearing that manpe of Earle Simonds partakers were come to the Caffel of Kenilworth, takyng with him the Erle of Gloucester he departed from Worcester, and came upon them at a sodaine, where he toke the Earle of Oxford, fir William Mountchalsie, fir Adam Newmarch,

The Earle of
Gloucester for-
take the Earle
Leicester.

Edvard the
Kings son taken
from his keepers

Caffel of Mon-
mouth raced.

Hentie the thirde.

287

march, fir Walter de Solenle and other:and Simon the sonne of Earle Simon hardly escaped in the Castell. The Earle of Leicester hauing the King with him, returned out of South Wales, and on Lammas dape came to Kemfey, a place of the Bishop of Worcester, and there tarried the next dap, Edwarde the Kings Son returned from Kenelworth to Worcester, whose retune being knowne, Erle Simon departing from Kemfey, by unhappye chaunce stayed in the towne of Euesham, fo:z on þ mozrow being the y. of Auguſt, Edward the kings Son depar- fed from Worcester paſſing the riuer neare to the towne cal- led Clime, closed vp the paſſage betwixt Earle Simon and Si- mon his Son, who was at Killingworth. In the next mornyng Lord Edward appo:ched nœre to Euesham on the one side, and Gilbert Earle of Gloceſter on the other side, and Roger Mor- timer on the two other sides, whereby Earle Simon was so enclosed, that he muſt evther fight on þeelde:on Friday ther- foze was the fifth dape of Auguſt, theyr armies encountred ech other in a large kielde without the towne, where the Carles part hadde the wo:zte: the Earle was killed in the kielde,¹ and Henrie Sonne to Earle Simon, Peter de Mount- fort, Hugh Dispencer Jüſtice of England, William de Mande- uile, Ralph Baffet, Walter Greping, William de Yorke, Ro- bert de Tregoze, Thomas de Hoſtile, Iohn de Bellocampo, Guido de Bavlolle, Roger de Roulens, with fir Iohn de Saint Iohn, fir William de Verence, fir Iohn de Inde, fir William Troſſel, fir Gilbert Eineskielde, and other of meaner ſo:zte in great number, especially of Walſhmen, fo:z almost none of the: escaped thence, but they were slain at Tewkebourie. Lords ta- ken at Euesham, fir Vmſry de Boune, fir Iohn Sainte Iohn fir Simons Sonne, fir Guy, fir Baudwin Wake, fir Iohn Veſſy, fir Henrie Haſtings, fir Nicholas Segraue, fir Perce & fir Roberte Mountfordes ſons, & many other, Simon de Mountfort þ Son coming to late to mœte his Father at Euesham, turned backe again to Kenilworth Castell, & the ſi:th of September, he re- leased the King of Almain, his mothers h:other, fir Reimond Fitz Pierce, and many other.

Battaille of
Euesham.

Lords taken;
Liber Euesb.

King of Almain:
delivered.

288

Henrie the thirde.

A Parliament at
V Winchester.

A Parliament was holden at Winchester, where all the Statutes made at Oxford were disanulled, and all the goods of them that were againste the king seased. London was in great danger to haue bin destroyed by the king, soz displeasure he had concepued against vs Citizens, but the Citizens wholly submitted both liues and goods unto him. Eight persons carrying the same submission toward Windsor, met Sir Roger Leyborne knight at Col brooke, who turned them backe against, and after they had discoursed the whole matter with him, he willed them to deliuer to him their submission, and he woulde moue the King in it, whiche thing they did. After sixe dayes thys Knight returned to the Citie, and sayde the king had receyued their wittings, willing them first to take away all the chaines that were in the Krætes of the Citie, and pull the poftes out of the grounde that the same were fired in, and bring both chapnes and poftes to the Tower of London: then the Maior with soztie Citizens should the nerte day following attende vpon the King at Windsor to confirme theyz wzyting, and theyz should goe and come safe : in wittelle whereof he deliuered them the kings letter and seale, soz the space of foure dayes . The next dave the Citizens being at Wmdfore, attended at the gate vntill the King came from hunting , at whiche time he woulde not once looke on them. After the King was entred , they woulde haue followed, but the v were sozbidden : soziously after they were called into the Caffell, where they were locked vp in a Towne with homely entertainment : the nerte day the king gaue unto Prince Edwarde the Maior and foure Aldermen, y reft were committed to several pzisons.

Anno reg. 50
Sherifes.
Maior.
1266

Pierce-Longtofe.
Robert Brune.

Edward Blund: Peter Aunger, the 28 of September.

Thomas Fitz Thomas Fitz Richard, the 28 of October.

King Henrie came to Westminster, and there gaue unto diverse of his houisholdes seruantes aboute the number of thze score houisholdes and houſes within the Citie, so that the owners were compelled to agrée ſ redéme theyz houſes and goods, or else to auoyde them : then he made Cuffos of the

Henrie the thirde.

the Citie, fir Othon Conestable of the Tower, who chose
Baplises to be accomptable to him, Iohn Adrian, and Wal-
ter Haruy. After this the King toke pledges of the beſt mens
ſonnes of the Citie, the whiche were put in the Tower of
London, and there kept at the colſes of their parents. By great
labour and ſute made, al the ſoſeſayde perſons whiche were
in Windsor Caſſell, eight only expeſt, were deliuered, and the
king agréed with the Citizens ſoſ twentie thouſand marks
ſo to be payd, ſoſ the leauping of which ſine, were tared as wel
ſeruauntes as houſholders, and many reſuſed the liberties
of the Citie to be quit of the charge.

The Caſſell of Douer was pælded to Edward the kings
ſonne, into the which he put Guy de Mountfort to be kepte.
The Countefſe of Leicestër, wife to Simond Mountfort, pæl-
ded the Caſſel of Pemſey to K. Henrie hir brother, who forſth-
with banifhed hir the realm of England ſoſ euer. About Alha-
lowntide the Duane of England returned from beonde the
Seas, with hir came a Legate, named Othobone, who forſt-
ly after his comming, in counsel holden at Northampton, ac-
cursed al the Bisboppes and Priests that had apbed Carle
Simon againſt the King, especially he cursed by name, Wal-
ter of Worceſter, Henrie of London, & Stephen of Chicheſter: and
the Bisbop of Lincoln, Worceſter ſhortly after deceaſed, the o-
ther threë went to Rome and were alſoyled. The Legate also
publiſhed the Popes Bull, ſoſ the tenthes of Churches to bee
payde to the king ſoſ the next yeare. Sir Simond the yonger
ſled from Kenilworth Caſſel to the ditherited Knightes, who
then were in the Ile of Oxholme, wher he remayned not lög,
ſoſ through meſtengers with faire p[]r]omifes, and h[]oſtages
giuen by Edward the kings ſonne, he forſaking them, went
to London to the king ſ his nobilitie, but being priuily war-
ned of their guile, he made an eſcape ſ got ouer into Fraunce.

The keper of Guy Mountfort about Caſſer being bry-
bed, let him go, ſ went with him into Fraunce: this Guy wëſ
into T[]uſcane and ſerued Carle Rufus, in whose war waning
famous, he obtained to haue his daughtcr in mariage.

T.

Robert

R.ofGloceſt.

290

Battaile of Che-
kerkeide.

Henricethe thirde.

Kenilworth
Cassetel beſieged.

Robert Ferrers Carle of Darby, Henrie Haſtings, Baudewinde Wake, Iohn Deruile and other with theye, power being in the Towne of Chesterſielde in Darbshire, there came against them Iohn Carle Waren, ſir Henrie of Almaine, ſir Waren of Bafingborne, and manpe other Knightes, who on Whitſon euen met without the town on hunting, ſir Baudwyn Wake, ſir Henry Haſtings, ſir Gregory Caldwell, ſir Iohn Clynton, ſir Roger Maundeuil, ſir Richard Caldwell, and to ſ number of xry. Knightes al under one ſpeare, al which they chafed and put to flight: wherof when ſir Iohn Danuil being in the towne had understanding, he with a ſmall companye rode out, pierced through the houſe, wounding many and eſtaped. Erle Waren entring the towne ſlew many a man, and toke the Erle Ferrers, who was ſicke of the goutte, and had that day bene letten bloud: him thep ſente to the Tower of London, from whence but lately he had bin deliuered. Henrie Haſtings and his company comming to Kenilworth, founde there ſir Iohn de Eynuile and many other valiant Knightes. Sir William de la Knowe, and ſir Iohn de la Ware, had well ſtozed þ Cassetel of all things neceſſarie. King Henrie haſtlying thyther, beganne his ſiege the morsowe after Pidſoummer dape, whiche ſiege continued til Christmaſſe after, ſo, thep within the Cassetel, not ſearing his ſorce which was great, ſet open theye gates, and neuer closed them dape noz night, come who so would, thep came to theye coſſ, so that many a man was slaine on both sides, and manpe were taken and raunsomed. At length the Legate, the Archbishop, and two other Bishops, came to make acconde betweene the king and the dithered, and also them of the Cassetel: but the ditherites, noz thep of the Cassetel would grant to the Kings will, wherfoze the legate accursed them and all that were of theye accond: but thep of the Cassetel, not regarding the Legate noz his curſing, in mockage therof, clothed a prieſt their ſurgeon Philip Porpeis, in a cope of white, and letting him on the Cassetel wal, as a white Legate against the red, made him to accurse þ R. the Legate, and al their partakers. Whileſt this buſinesſe latted at Kenilworth, the ditherites toke þ Ile of Ely, and

Henrie the thirde.

Krengthned it in such wive that thep helde it long: thep rob-
bed Norfolk, Suffolk & Cambridge, thep spopled þ Citie of
Norwich, ransomed þ rich men at their pleasure. At Barthol-
mewtide, þ R. held a Parliament at Killingworth wherein by
his Barons were chosen, by persons, whiche being twozne,
chose to the other by these ry. to make an accord betwæn the
K. and the ditherits: þ arke. by were, Walter Gessford Bishop
of Bath, Nicholas of Ely By. of Worcester, & Walter B. of Exce-
ster, Roger de Sumerey, Roberte Walronde, & Alayne de la
Souch Baros: these by. chose to them Gilbert C. of Glocester,
Humfry Erle of Hereford, the B. of S. DAuids, Sir John Bailiol,
sir Phillip Basset, and sir Warayn de Basingborne, if these ry.
could not agrèe, the Legate, & Henrie son to Richard King of
Almaime, shold be Ampiers, these met and agrèd at the lait.

John Hinde: John Walrauen, the 28.of September.

William Richards, the.28.of October.

By the kings commandement, þ Wilsops, Abbots, Priors,
Erles, Barons & knights of þ realme were affeblèd at Nor-
thampton on þ twelfth day nert before Alhalownday, ther to vn-
derstand & to confirm by flatute what the fozenamed twelue
flats had decreed for the state of þ kingdome, which was for
þ Barons, þ none should be ditherite, but þ Mountfort & the
Ferrers, þ other should redeme their lands with money, at the
hands of the who had þ same in possession of the Kings gift,
so þ none payde aboue by. peres value, noz under it. yeares
value, which was the left, & this shal be affeued according to
þ quality of their trespasse. Theliege of Kenilworth yet conti-
nuing, thep within the Casset began to be soze troubled with
þ fire, and also wer without hope of succour to come to the,
whereby on S. Thomas day before Chrystmasse thep yelved
þ Casset to the K. with conditio to depart w life & lims, w-
out lolle of goods, or imprisonment, and not to be ditherited.

Such of þ ditherited persons, as liked not þ ordinaunce of
Kenilworth, whose Captaine was John Ciuille, after thep had
taken the Citie of Lincoln & spopled the Iewes, they fled again
to the Isle of Ely, whose comming abroade when the Layng
T. if, with

Anno reg. 51
Sherifes. 2
Maior. 3

Kenilvorth
Casset ycleidde.

Henrie the thirde.

with a great army hadde stopped. Edwarde the kings sonne
with bridges made of Hurdles and bordes, in place conuenient,
as the inhabitants thereabout had instructed him, he
entred upon the Isle, some of them within pælded them to
him, þ other being dispersed by flight. While these things
were a doing a newe trouble began, for the Earle of Gloce-
ster taking part with the ditherites, came with an army ga-
thered in Wales, unto London, the seauenth of April: therein he
built Bulwarkes, calt ditches and trenches in diverse
places.

The Erle of
Gloceſter, to
the Citie of
London.

The king gathered an army at Windsor, & the v.of Baye,
he with an. 109. enſignes came forwardes London, he pitched
his tentes at Stratford, and tarried there the ſpace of one mo-
neth, where many entreated to make peace.

Annales of Hyde,

The vii. of June the Earle of Gloceſter, in peaceable maner rended the Citie vnto the King againe, and then many that were ditherited were reconciled, at the instance of the Legate and the layde Erle. Foure that bare the cognisaunce of the Erle of Darby were put in lacks and calt in the Thamü. Thomas Fitz Theobalde and Agnes his wife, sifter of Thomas Becket. Archbishop of Canturburie gaue to the maſter and bethzen of the Hospitall, called Saint Thomas of Acres beyponde the seas, all the lande with the appurtenaunces that sometime was Gilbert Beckets. father to Thomas Becket, in which land þ said Thomas Becket was bozne, to make there a Church.

Mersers chapel.

About Michaelmas þ king came to Shrewſourie, to palle
into Wales, there to banqueth þ prince of Wales Lewlyne, who
hadde ayded Simon Earle of Leicester, but he sending to the
king, granted him. parrh. D. P. kerling to haue his peace, & by
the Legats means there was reſtozed to þ prince, þ land of 4
Cantredes, which by law of armes the K. had taken from him.

Richo. Trinens.

Peace with the
prince of-
Wales.

Anno reg. 52

John Adrant: Lucas Batecourt, the. 28. of September.

Baylifes. 2

Alyn Soueh, the. 28. of October.

Cuitos. 3

Othobone the Legate calling a conſet at London, or dayne ned many things in reſoſation of the English Church.

1 268

Variance

Henrie the thirde.

293

W Variance fell betwene the fellowship of Goldsmiths and
L aplozs of London, causing great ruffling in the Citie, and
many men to be flaine, soz which rpot thirtene of the chiche
Captaines were hanged.

A ryot in London.

The King helde a Parliament at Marleborow, in the White were made the Statutes of Marlebrige.

Walter Harvey: William Durefme the. 28.of September.
Sir Stephen Edefworth, the 28.of October.
Thomas Wimborne.

Parliament at
Marleborovve.

Anno reg. 53

Baylifs.

Custos.

Sokenreure

Liber trinitatis
Great Frost.

1269

The river of Thamis was so harde frozen, from Saint Androwes tide to Candlemas, that men and beaknes palled on fote from Lambeth to Westminster: the Marchandise was carved from Sandwich and other Hauens to London by lande.

Nic.Triuet.

The 8.day of Aprill, Edmund the Kings sonne married the daughter of William de Albemarle Earle of Hoderneffe, named Auelina, whiche was heyre to hir father and mother both, by reason whereof, he was to haue with hir the Countie of Devonshire, and the Lordchippe of the Isle of Wight, but he deceafled before both father and mother, and lotte all.

Thomas Bafing: Robert Cornhil, the 28.of Septemb.
Hugh Fitz Thomas the 28.of October.

Anno reg. 54

Sherifes.

Maior.

The Nobles of England, by the Kyings commaundement, assembled at London, to treate of dyuers matters, amongst the whiteone, that all men should befoze the Justices before by what right they held their landes, whiche matter did muche moleſt the people, untill John Warren Earle of Surrey appeared, who being asked by what right he helde his landes, he dzeiwe sodainely out his word, and ſayde, by this I holde my Grandfathers lands, and with this I will keepe them. Upon multiplying of wozdes, the Earle ſlewe Allen de la Zouch, Lozde chiese Juitice of Ireland, befoze the other Justices of the Bench. And thortly after the same Iohn Erle of Surrey, by the othe of 25 Knights at Winchelser, affirmed, that he did not commit that facte upon any pretenced malice, nepther in contempte of the King, and so foz the ſumme of 1200 marks was reconciled.

Anuals of hyde
Edmond Campion

Tho. Wikes.

1270

T.lif.

Edwards

Henrie the thirde.

Edw and the kings sonne with hys brother Edmunde and many other nobles sayling into Asia against the inſidels, by hys policie and manly Actes ſo demeaned himſelfe, that ofſentimes he put the Turkes to great diſwoſhip, for diſpight whereof they suborned a Saraſine to wounde him with a venemous dart, whereof he was long ſicke. Henrie ſonne to Richard King of Almayne as he went through Tuscane, at Viterbe was ſtaine by Guy de Mountort.

Walter Potter: Phillip Taylour, the. 28. of September.

John Adrian Vintener, the. 28. of October.

The keeple of Bow in Cheape fell downe and flew manye people, men and women.

The epghſte and twentie of Januarie Richard King of Almaine and Earle of Cornewall, brother to King Henrie deaſteased in the Caffet of Berchamsteede, was buried at Hayles an Abbey of his foundation.

Gregorie Rokesley: Henrie Waleys, the. 28. of September.

Diverse bournes sodainly bzeake out of the hollow plaſes of the Earth, and ouerflowed a great parte of Canturburie Citie, the ktreame wherof was ſo twiſt and violent, that it bare downe buildings and houses, and drouned manye people.

In June beganne a great rpot in the Citie of Normiche, through the which the Monafkerie of the Trinitie was bur ned, whereupon the King rode downe, and making enquity for the chieſe doers thereof, cauſed. xxx. of them to be condemn ed, drouen, hanged and bient.

Richard Paris: Iohn de Wodeley, the. 28. of September.

Sir Water Haruy, the. 28. of October.

King Henrie being ſicke, called before hym Gilberte of Clare, Erle of Gloceſter, and caused him to be Sworn to kepe the peace of the lande, to the behouſe of Edwarde his ſonne, and then dyed the ſirſtrench of Jouember, in the pere. 1272.

when

Anno reg. 55

Sherifes. ?

Maior. ?

1271

Wd. Rishanger.

Anno reg. 56

Sherifes. ?

Maior. ?

The, de Wike.

1272

W. Rishanger.
Riot at Nor-
wich.

Anno reg. 57

Sherifes. ?

Maior. ?

Liber trinitatis

Edward the first.

with Elianor his wife were Crowned at Westminster by
Robert Kilwarby Archbishop of Canturburie. At this Coronation five hundred great Horses were turned loose, catch them who could. Alexander King of Scottes did homage to King Edward. The King caused Leolin Prince of Wales to be summoned to his Parliament at Westminster, but he would not come, saying, he remembered the death of his father Griffen.

Nicholas Winchester: Henry Couentry, the 28. of Sept.
Henry Welles, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. 3

In Saint Nicholas even was great Earthquakes, lightnings and thunder, with a huge Dragon, and a blasing Starre, which made many men soze akrayde.

Anne reg. 3.

In a Parliament at Westminster, Wulfry was forbidden to the Jewes, and that they might be knowne, the King commanded them to weare a Tablet the bzeadth of a palme, upon their outmolt garments. He also ozdeyned that Bakers making bzead lacking weight assigned after the price of Cozne, should first be punished by losse of their bzead: the second time by emprisonment: and thirdly by the Pillozy: millers for stealing of Cozne, to be chaffised by þ Lumberel.

Vfury forbid-
den.
Io. Rouſe.

A rich man of France brought into Northumberland a Spanish Ewe as bigge as a Calf of two peares, which Ewe being rotten, infected so the Countrep, that it spread ouer all the Realme. This plague of mozen, cōtinued xxvii. peares are it ended, and was the first rot that euer was in England.

1275

First rotte of
Swepe.
Hen. of Lyncesler.
Tho. Walſing.

Lucas Batecourt: Henry Frowike, the 28. of September.
Gregory Rokesley Goldsmith, chiese mapſter of þ Kings
Mintes, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. 2

King Edward builded the Caffell of Flint, strengtheued
the Caffell of Rutland, and other, against the Welchmen.

Io. Rouſe.
Caffell of Flint.
Anno reg. 4.
Bocland.

Amicia Countesse of Devonshire, and Lady of the Isle,
sounded the Abbey of Bocland, for Gilbert of Clare Earle of
Gloceſter and Hereford hir Father, Ilabell hir mother, and
Baldwine Earle of Devonshire.

The eleuenth day of September, there was a generall

T. b.

Earth

1276

298

## Edvard the first.

Earthquake, by force whereof, the Church of Saint Michael of the Mount without Glastonburie, fell to the ground, and pieces of many famous Churches in England fell, by force of the same Earthquake.

Gregory Rokeley, and the Barons of London, granted and gaue to the Archbishop of Canturburie Robert Kilwardby, two lanes of wapes next the Streete of Baywards Castell, and the Tower of Mountsichet to be destroped, in the which place, the sayd Robert builded the late newe Churche of the Blacke Friers with the rest of the stones that then were left of the sayde Tower, for the best and choypes stones the Bishop of London had obteyned of King William Conquerour, to reedifie the upper part of Saint Paules Church, that was then by chance of fire decaped.

Canter. Record.
Ex Carta.
Preaching Fri-
eis Church
found. by Bal-
nards Castell,
before whiche
time, their
Church was in
Holborne.

John Horne : Ralph Blunt, the 28. of September.

Gregory Rokesley Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. ?
Anno reg. 5.
1277

The Statute of Mortmaine was enacted. Michael To-
ny was hanged, drawn and quartered for Treason.

John Euerfden.

Robert de Arat : Ralph Feuro, the 28. of September.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. ?
Anno reg. 6.
1278

Gregory Rokeley, the 28. of October.

King Edward gaue vnto David, brother to Leolin Prince of Wales, the Lordship of Frodsham, which David attended in the Kings Court, and did him pleasant seruice, etc.

Michaelmas tearme was kept at Shrewburie.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. ?
Anno reg. 7.
1279

John Adrian : Walter Langley, the 28. of September.

The King builded a strong Castell in Weast Wales, at Llhampaterne vaier.

Ievves exequiesed.

Reformation was made for clipping of the Kings copne, for which offence 267. Iewes were put to execution.

Round Table at
Killingworth.
To, Roufe.

The worthie Souldiour Roger Mortimer, at Killingworth, appoynted a Knightly game, which was called the Round Table, of an hundred Knightes, and so many Ladies, to the which, for the exercise of armes, there came many warlike Knightes from divers Kingdomes.

Robert

Edvard the first.

Robert Baling: William Mazaliuer, the 23. of September.
Gregory Rokesley, the 28. of October.

Where as before this time, the penp was wont to have
a double crosse, with a creast, in suche softe that the same
might be easilie broken in the midde, or into four quarters,
and so to be made into halse pence, or farthings, it was now
odeyned that pence, halsepence and farthings shoulde be
made rounde, wherebpon was made these Clerkes follow-
wing.

Edward did smite round peny, halfepeny farthing,
The crosse passes the bond of all throughout the ring.
The Kings side was his head, and his name written,
The crosse side, what Citie it was in, coyned and smitten.
To poore man, ne to prieſt, the peny frayſes nothing,
Men giue God aye the least, they feast him with a farthing.
A thousand two hundred, four score yeares and mo,
On this money men wondred, when it first began to go.

## Sherifes.
### Maior.
Anno reg. 8.
First halse pence and farthings round.
1280
Pierce Longtof c.

Robert Brune.

At this time, twentie pence wayed an ounce of Troy
weight, whereby the penp, halfepeny, and farthing, were of
good quantitie.

Regijſt. of Bury's.

Thomas Boxe: Ralph de Lamere, the 28. of September.
Gregory Rokesley, the 28. of October.

David, the brother of Lewlin Prince of Wales, rose againſt
the King, and in the night ſeason hake into the house of
Roger Clifford, when he was in his bed a ſleepe, on Cafter
day at night, and ſent him fettered in pions as a thceſe onto
Snowdon, to his brother Lewlin. He also rafed and laid flatte
on the grounde, the Caffell of Flint belonging to the King.

William Farrendon: Nicholas Winchelſter, the 28. of Sep.
Gregory Rokesley, the 28. of October.

From Christmas, till the purification of our Lady, there
was such great Froſt and Snow, as the olde men could not
remember the like, wherethrough, ſiue arches of London
Bridge, and all Rochester Bridge was borne downe, and
carped away, with many Bridges moze. Men palled
ouer

## Sherifes.
### Maior.
Anno reg. 9.
Wilhel. Rishanger.

1281
## Sherifes.
### Maior.
Anno reg. 10
Great Froſt and
Snovv.
Liber Roffenſis.
Rochefter
Bridge, and ſiue
arches of Lon-
don bridge
borne dovyne.

300

## Edwvard the first.

over the Thamis between Westminster and Lambeth, and
likewise over the River of Medway, between Stroud and
Rochester, between Fishes in ponds, and birds in woods died
for want of food.

1282

Io. Euerstden,
Yarmouth and
Donvich
to spoyled.

Sherifes.
Mator.

Annoreg. II

Corne sold by
weight.

The Tonne in
Cornehill.
Radul. Baldoke.

The Stockes
market.
Customes of Lon.

Wil. Rishenger.
Wil. Packington.

Pirats of Zeland and Holland about Yarmouth and Don-
wich, did spoyle and robbe whoseuer they met, few many
men, and carved away not a few Shippes with all their goods
in them.

William Mazelyuer: Richard Chigwell, the 28. of Sept.
Henry de Waleis, the 28. of October.

This yeare the Bakers of London were first drawne by
pon Herdles, by Henry Waleis Maiot, and Corne was
then first sold by weight.

This Henry Waleis Maiot of London, caused to be created a certayne house in one of the highest places of London, which house was called the Tonne upon Cornehill, to be a pension for night walkers, and other suftitious persons. He also by the Kings licence, caused to be builded an house called the Stockes, on the South side of Saint Mary Wolchurch in London, to be a market for flesh and fish in the midst of the Citie, and certayne houses nere unto Powles Church, the profits therof to be receyued by the Maysters of the Bridge of London, towards the maintenance of the same Bridge.

The King entred Wales with an army, appoynting his
knotemen to occupy the enimies in fight, whiles his horse-
men in a wing set on the rere battayle: himselfe with a po-
wer kept his place, where he pight his golden Dragon, bu-
to the which as to a Castell, the wounded and wærie might
repaire: but David fleering, the King with his power follo-
wed, and as he passed by a wood, there issued out of the same
a foure thousand Welchmen, whiche inuading the Kings ar-
mie, made great slaughter, but at length the King mar-
ching through, by strong hande entred the Castell of Oxe,
and took Anglefey, where he lost William de Awdley, Ro-
ger Clifford the Yonger, and twelve other of his chiefest
Captaynes.

Iohn

## Edvard the first.

301

1283

John Peckham Archbishop of Canturburie sendeth commandement to the Bishop of London, to destroy all the Sinagogues of the Jews within his dioces. After the Archbishop writeth to him to tolerate them to build one Church in some open place in the City of London, where the King should appoint, so they bestow no great cost, nor use their fond ceremonies.

The Levies
Sinagogues
de-destroyed.

Ralph Blound: Anketin de Beteuile, the 28. of Septem-
Henry de Waleis, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Anno reg. 12

Tho. Walting.

1284

W. il. Riffing.
Nic. Bromfild.

Leolin Prince of Wales, came downe from the Mount-
fayne of Snowdon, to Mountgomerie, and was at length taken
at Bwelfth Cattell, where using repzochfull words againste
the Englishmen, Roger le Strange ranne upon him with the
Sword wherewith he was girt, and cut off his head, lea-
ing his dead body on the grounde. Sir Roger Mortimer
caused the head of Lewlin to be set upon the Tower of Lon-
don crowned with Pup.

King Edward founded the Abbey of Vale Royall in Chel-
shire. He also remoued the Abbey of Aberconwey to another
place, and there builded a strong Cattell against the Welch-
men. He gave diuers Cattels of the Welchmen, to Engliche
Lozds, and after toke Dauid, Lewlins brother, with his
wife, his two Sonnes, and seauen daughters, at Saint Mo-
ris, which Dauid was drafne, hanged, and quartered at
Shrewsburie.

Hisfia, Auria.
Io. Rouſe.

Chr.of Dun.

Wil. Pakenham.

Iordane Godchepe: Martin Box, the 28. of September.
Henry Waleis, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Anno reg. 13

Edward Prince of Wales, borne at Carnaruan in Wales.

Laurence Ducket Goldsmith, and Citizen of London,
gréeuously wounded one Ralph Crepin in Weaſt Cheape,
and then fled into Bow Church: after that, certaine euill
disposed persons, friendes to the ſayde Ralph, entred the
Church in the night time, and flew the ſapd Laurence lying
in the Stéeple, and then hanged him vp, placing him so by
the window, as if he had hanged himſelfe: upon the which
dæde, enquirie being made: it was presented, that he had
hanged

Cron. of Dunſta.
Ducket hanged
in bov Church.

1285

302

Edvard the first.

hanged himself, so the which being drawn by the feet, he was buried in a ditch without the City: but shortly after, by relation of a boy who lay with the said Laurence at the time of his death, and had hid him there so fear, the truth of the matter was known, so the which, Alice, a woman that was chiefe causer of the sayde mischiefe, and rbj. men with him, were then put in prison, and afterwards more, who all were drawn and hanged, saue the woman, who was burnt: these were of the power so fast, but the rich of that malicious company estaped so money. The Church was interdicted by the Archbishop, and the doze with the wint dow was kopped vp with thornes, then the said Laurence was taken vp, and buried in the Church yard.

The great Conduit in Cheape was begun to be builded, Stephen Cornehill: Robert Rokesley, the 28. of Septem, Gregory Rokesley, till the keast of Peter and Paul, and that day was the City seised into the Kings hands, and Ralph Sandwich appoynted Custos untill Candlemas, and then was chosen John Briton untill Saint Margarets day.

A Justes was proclaymed at Boston, in the faire time, whereof one part came in the habite of Monckes, the other in the suite of Chanons, who had couenated after the Justes to Spoyle the faire. Soz the archieuing of their purpose, they fired the Towne in thée places. It is said, that thereames of Gold, Silver, and other mettall molten, ranne into the sea. The Captayne of this confederacie was Robert Chamberlaine Elquier, who was hanged, but would neuer confesse his fellowes.

Wheate was solde soz rbj. pence, e rij. pence þ Quarter.

Walter Blunt: John Wade, the 28. of September.

Ralph Sandwich.

On Newyears day at night, as wel through the behevede of the wind, as violence of the sea, many Churches were overthrowne and destroyed, not only at Yarmouth, Donwich, and Ipswich, but also in diuers other places of Englande, and other

Murthers
hanged.
Io. Euerden.

Bovr Church
interdicted.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Anno reg. 14
Liberties of
London seised.

1286

Faire at Boston
spoyled,
Hijlo. Aurea.
Tho. Walting.

Sherifes.
Custos.

Anno reg. 15
Yarmouth,
Donwich, and
Ipswich peri-
shed,
John Euerden.

## Edward the first.

303

1287

other Regions adioyning to the Sea, especially in that part of England which is called Meris land. At the whole province was for the most part turned into a standing pole, so that intollerable multitude of men were overflowed, and de- kroyed with the water.

By reason of wrongs done by Paine Tiptot, Rice ap Me- rideth rebelled in Wales, and did much hurt, against whom came Edmond the Kings brother, and at the sege of Durse- lan Casset, in vndermining of walles, with the ruines were flaine William Mountchenfey, Gerard de Infula Banerers, Mounfire, Humfrey Haftings Wacheler, and diuers other. Thomas Croshe: Walter Hauteyne, the 28. of Septemb. Ralph Sandwich.

King Edward sapled to Burdeaux, and from thence rode info France, where he was honourably receyued of Phillip le Beaw King of France. He banished all the Iewes out of Gafcoigne, and other his lands in France.

The Sommer was so exceeding hote, that many men dyed thzough the extremitie thereof, and yet wheate was solde at London for thzée Shillings four pence the Quarter, and suche cheapenes of Beanes and Peace, as the like had not bin heard of.

William Hereford: Thomas Stanes, the 28. of Septemb. Ralph Sandwich.

Great haple fel in England, and after ensued great raine, that the yeare following, wheate was rapsed from thzée pence the bushell, to firtène pence, and so encreased yeare- ly, till it was laffly sold for twentie Shillings 3 Quarter.

The Citie of Carelile, the Abbey, with all the houses be- longing to the Friers Minors, was consumed with fire.

William Betayne: John of Canterbury, the 28. of Sept. Ralph Sandwich.

Which Ralph before Candelmas was depofed from the Conftablechippe of the Tower of London, and in his place was putte Ralph de Barne- uers Knighte, who was agayne remoued on the Monday after Candlemas daye, from the culkodie

Sherifes. ?

Custos. 5

Anno reg. 16

W. Paukington.

Hot former and
cheape Corne.

1288

Sherifes. ?

Custos. 5

Anno reg. 17

1289

Sherifes. ?

Custos. 5

Anno reg. 18

Custos of Lon-
don, Conftables
of the Toyver.

of

Edvard the first.

of the Citie, and in his place was Sir Iohn de Briton.

Rice ap Merideth was by the Earle of Cornewall in the
Kings absence taken, drazne, hanged & quartered at Yorke,
William de Breoſa called the ſenioz, deceased at Findon,
and was buried in the Monasterie of Sele.

Falke of S. Edmond: Salomon le Sotell, the 28. of Sept.
Sir Iohn Briton.

King Edward returning out of Gafcoine, where he had
remapned thaz peares, two monethes, and eleuen dapes,
was honourably recevued of the Londoners.

King Edward held a Parliament at Westminſter, where,
in the transſcriptions of diners Jüſtices was tryed out, and
punisheſed accordingly: some loft their godes, and then were
banisheſed: some, as well of the bench, as of the affiles, were
ſent to the Tower, which with great ſummes of money ob-
tepned libertie. Sir Thomas Weyland had all his godes,
both moureable and unmoureable confiſſate, and was bani-
ſhed: Sir Ralph Hengham, chieſe Jüſtice of the higher
bench, offered 7000. markes: Sir Iohn Louctet Jüſtice of
the lower bench 3000. markes: Sir William Bromtone
Jüſtice 6000. markes. Of their Cleartes for their redemp-
tion: Of Robert Littelburie 1000. markes: Of Roger Ley-
ceſter 1000. markes: Of Sir Salomon Rulſx, chieſe Jüſtice
of Aſſiles, 4000. markes: Of Sir Richard Boylond 4000.
markes: Of Sir Thomas Sodentone 2000. markes: Sir
William Hopton 2000. markes: Of Robert Preſton 1000.
markes: Sir Williā Saham Jüſtice 3000. markes: Of a cer-
tayne Clearke of the Courſes, called Adam de Stratton,
32000. markes of olde money and newe, beſide iewelles
without number, and pzeious beſels of filuer, which were
found in his house, and a Kings Crowsne, which men ſayde
was King Iohns. Moreover, the King conſtreypned the Ju-
ſtices to weare, that from thenceforth they should take no
pention, fee, or gifte of any man, except only a bzeakefall, or
such like pzeſent.

He banisheſd all the Ieues out of England, giuing the
beare

304

1290

Sherifes.
Custos.

Anno reg. 19

Jüſtices puni-
shed.
Adam Meri.
Cro. Dunn.
Radul. Baldoke.
Scala Croni.
Iohannes Rouſe.

1291

## Edvard the first.

beare their charges, till they were out of his Realme, the number of *Jewes* then expulsed, were *rb. M. lr.* persons.

The *Scottes* by their Charter delivered to King Edward the Kingdome of *Scotland*, with the Caffels, rightes and customes, the fourth day of June, that upon due discuffing the matter, it might be knowne who was lawfull heire thereunto.

*Records.*

Thomas Romaine: William de Lier, the 28. of September.

John de Briton. Who was about Saint Margarets day remoued from the cultodie of *London*, and Sir Ralph de Berrouers was remoued from the Constableship of the Tower, and in their places put againe Ralph Sandwich, Castles of the Citie, and Connedtable of the Tower.

*Sherifes.*

*Castles.*

*Anno reg. 20.*

1292

Roger Bacon was buried on the eleuenth of June, in the grep Friers Church in *Oxford*.

The woll Staple was ordeyned to be kept at *Sandwich*.

Ralph Blunt: Hamo Box, the 28. of September.

Ralph Sandwich.

*Sherifes.*

*Castles.*

*Anno reg. 21.*

John Baillieoll did homage for Scotland.

*Records.*

The eightenth of *Pouember*, King Edward sate in his fribunall seate at *Berwike*, and hauing heard the assertions of the competitoz of the Crowne of *Scotland*, he adiudged John Bailliol to be true heire of *Scotland*, and therefoze to enioy the same whole Kingdome, with the appurtenances, and assigned him to do him homage, which was perfozmed at *Worham* the twentith of *Pouember*, and also on Saint Stephens day following at *Newcastell*.

Queene Elianor dyed at Herdeby, a Towne nere to Lincoln, hir bowels were buried at Lincoln, hir body was brought to Westminister, and there buried: the King made at every place where the stayed, a costly Croſſe, with the Queenes image upon it, *Charing Croſſe*, the Croſſe in West Cheape of London, Dunſt able, Saint Albons, *Waltam Croſſe*, and others.

1293

Queene de-ceaffed.

*Waltie*. *Hemlig.*
*Radul*. *Faldoke.*

*Charing Croſſe.*
*Chro.Dun.*

Great discozd aroſe betwixt the Mariners of *France*, and them of *Portesmouth* and *Termouth*, wherethough the Englishmen tooknyned great lottes, but they complayning to the *U.*

The Sinque
Ports against
the Frenche.

King,

306

## Edvard the first.

King, obfeyned licence to revenge their owne wrongs, and
without ayde cyther of Wales, Scotland, or Ireland, wente to
the Sea with fire hundred Shippes, and set upon their e-
nimics, and toke two hundreth and fiftwe French Ships,
and dize them to the Isle of Gernefey, and after presented
them to the King.

The ninth of July, a great part of the Towne of Cam-
bridge, with the Church of our Lady, was consumed with
fire.

The goddes as well Tempozall, as spirituall of all re-
ligious people in England, were tared, to pay the tenth part
to the King.

The Minories, a Punterie without Aldgate of London,
was founded by Edmond Earle of Lyecester, brother to king
Edward. The same peare the same Edmond and his wife
and all the Englishmen were banished out of the French kings
dominion.

Henry Bole: Elias Ruffell, the 28. of September.

Ralph Sandwich.

Nicholas Farrengdon was the first Alderman.

Thyce men had their right hands cut off in Weast Cheape,
for rescuing a Prisoner, resUED by an Officer of the Citie of
London.

Gilbert Earle of Glocester dyed, leaving issue thate
daughters, and one sonne within age, begotten of lane
his wife.

Robert Rokesley the yong corder: Martin Ambresbery
Ralph Sandwich. (the 28. of Sep.)

The thirteenth of October, being Monday, all the Clear-
gie of England granted a Subsiedie of the one halfe of their
fruities and revenues for one peare to the King.

In the quindene of S. Martin, the Justices Seinerants fate
without London in the Bishop of Couneries house, at yfstone
Crosse. Roger Pinelesden, Captain to the Welchme, spoiled
& burned the Marches. Great Snowes & winds did great
harme in England. The water of Thamis overflowed the
bankes,

Cambridge,
Brent.
John Eversdon.

The Minories.
Ex Carta.
Ajdul. Baldove.

Sherifes. ~~~
Custos. ~~~
~~Annoreg.22~~
First Aldermans
in London.

1294

Sherifes. ~~~
Custos. ~~~
~~Anno reg. 23~~
W. Puckington.

1295

Edvard the first.

307

bankes, & a great breach at Rotherheath besides London, and y
low grounde about Bermondsey, and Torhill was ouerflomed.

Henry Box: Richard Glocester, the 28. of September.

Sir Ralph Sandwich.

Sherifes. ?

Custos. 5

Anno reg. 24

Castel of Bev
marish.

John Rouse.

Ghro.D.an.

The King pausing y water of Conomay, and so forth into
Wales with an army against the Welchmen, builded the Ca-
ffell of Beawmarish, in the Isle of Anglesey. The Welchmen
were consumed by famine: their wods were felled, and ma-
ny Caffels fortified, their Captayne was taken, & brought
to London, and so for that time the warres sealed.

The Frenchmen arriued at Douer, spoyled the Towne,
and biente a great parte thereof, amongst other they clewe
Thomas of Douer, a Monke of great holynesse.

1295

Douer spoyled.

The King caused all the Monasteries in England to bee
searched, and the monep in them to be broughte vp to Lon-
don. He alfo seised into his hands all their lay kees, bycause
they refused to pay to him suche a Tare as he demanded.
Mozecuer, he caused the woll and leather to be stayed in
England, and there followed great dearth of corne and wine.

Wil. Paken.

Monasteries
searched.

W. Sheepshed.

There rose a greate discoorde at Oxforde, betwene the
Clearkes and Lap men, and all bycause of two barlets of
duiners Countreys, which fell out about a small matter, for
upon that occasion, some toke one part, and some another,
and so all were deuided into partes, in somuch that learned
and lewde by flockmeale ranne to the fight, and when the
Schollers of Clearkes were gone out of their Hoftles, the
Laitie percepning either none, or else very fewe to be re-
maining at home, entred the Clearkes lodgings, and carp-
ed away a great deale, of many kinds of kuffe, to the great &
unrecouerable damage of the Schollers. In this Skirmish
was flapne Sir Fulke of Neyrmouth, parson of Pichelesthorne,
and many other on eyther side. The King hearing there-
of, sente Justiciaries to restzoze the peace, and to condemne
the murtherers, which wher they came, forced the Towne-
men to pay the Scholers two hundreth poundes for doma-
ges done to them.

Discord be-
twixt the
Clearkes and
Townne: men of
Oxforde.

A.ij.

John

## Edvard the first.

308

Sherifes. ~

Custos. ~

Anno reg. 25.

Wil. Pachlington.
Tho. Wal sing.

1297

King Edward
von Bervyike.
Regalles of
Scotland.

Sherifes. ~

Custos. ~

Anno reg. 26.

John of Dunstable: Adam de Halingbery, the 28. of Sep.

Sir John Breton. Was made Cuffos of London by the King, Ralph Sandwich being remoued, and the morrold after Saint Barnabes day, all the Liberties were restored to the Citie of London, the Hairaltie excepted.

John Baliol King of Scottes contrary to his alegiance re-
belled, wherefore King Edward halled him thither, and
wonne the Calfels of Berwike, and Dunbarre: he flewe of the
Scottes fue and twenty thousand: he conquered Edenborough,
where he found the regall ensignes of Scotland, as Crolvne,
Scepter, and cloth of estate etc. In his returne, he called a
Parliament at Berwike, where he received the fealties of all
the great men of Scotland, and their homages.

Thomas of Suffolke: Adam of Fulham, the 28. of Septe.
Sir John Breton.

King Edwarde offered to Saint Edwarde at Westminster,
the Chapre, Scepter, and Crowne of Golde of the Scottis
King.

The King encreased the tribute of the Wolles, talking
for every Sacke fortie Shillings, where before that time
they payde but halfe a marke.

The Scottes by the instigation of William Walleis, rebelled, and put the Englishmen to much trouble, and lollie of many men.

King Edward sayled into Flanders, to rescue Guy their
Earle, which was greenouly ouerset by the French King, so
that he had wonne muche of his landes, but shortly after a
peace was concluded for two peares.

The Eschequer and the Kings Bench was remoued fro
London to Yorke.

1298

Nicholas Triuet.
Tho. Wal sing.
Scala Croni.
Battell at Faul-
kirke in Scotz
Land.

King Edward Wanne the battell of Frankirke in Scotland,
upon Saint Mary Magdalens day, in whiche battell was
slayne moze than twentie thousand Scottes, and William
Walleis their Captayne fledde. Anthony Beke, Bishop of
Durefme had at this battell such a retinue, that in his com-
pany were two and thirtie Banners.

At

Edvard the first.

At this time, the Towne of Saint Andrewes was destroyed, no man there residing.

The Citizens of London hearing of the great victorie obteyned by the King of Englande against the Scottes, made great and solemne triumph in their Citie, euery one according to their craft, especially the Fithmongers, which with solemne Procession passed through the Citie, having a mongst other Pageants and Shewes, soure Sturgeons gilhed, carped on soure Hozles: then soure Samons of Siluer on soure Hozles: and after fire and sotie Knightes armed, riding on Hozles, made like Luces of the Sea: and then Saint Magnus with a thousand Hozlemes: this they did on Saint Magnus day, in honor of the Kings great victorie, and safe returne.

Chro. Dun.

This yeare, the King payde to the Marchants of Gascouigne 150000. pounds sterling, for his brothers espences there.

Richard Ruffeham: Thomas Sely, the 28. of September. Sherifes. Henry Waleis, the 28. of October. Maiors.

Chro. Dun.

Anno reg. 27

King Edward helde a great Parliament to counsell at Stepenheath by London, in the house of Henry Waleis Maior of London. Certaine persons of the Citie of London brake by the Towne in Cornhill, and took out certaine prisoners, for the whiche nine of them were punished by long imprisonment and great fines. It cost the Citizens more than 20000. marks to purchase the Kings fauoure, and confirmation of their liberties.

1299

The rrit. of March, a vehement fire being kindled in the lester hall of the Pallace at Westminster, the flame thereof beingıznen with winde, fired the Monasterie adiopning, which with the Pallace were both consumed.

Saint Martins Church in the Vintrie at London was new builded, by the executors of Mathew Columbers. The king went to Torke, and so into Scotland with a great power.

A certainne rich Citizen of London deceasing, a great number of poore people were assembled to receive his charitable doale,

VVestminster and the Kings Pallace conduzed vyth fire. Radul Baldoke. Saint Martins in the Vintrie nevy builded.

Io. Emerfden.

310

## Edvard the first.

159. Beggars murthered at London.

Price of Pulterie.

doale, amongst whome suddaynely rushed in the sonnes of Belyall, coueting to snatch the monep from the executoirs hands, but missing of their purpose, they fell on the poore people, murthering 129, and drouned 30, of them, because one of them had bewrazed their former wicked purposes.

This peare was made an Acte of common counsell for prices of victuals to be sold at London, by consent of the King and Nobilitie, concerning the price of Powlerie. A fatte Cocke for three halSEPence: two Pulleks for three halSEPence: a fat Capon for two pence halkepeny: a Cowse foure pence: a Mallard three halfe pence: a Partridge for three halfe pence: a Feasant four pence: a Heron sixe pence: a Plouer one peny: a Swanne for three Shillings: a Crane for three pence: two Woodcocks for three halfe pence: a fatte Lambe from Christmas to Shrouetide sixtene pence, and all the whole peare after four pence.

John Armenter: Henry Fingrie, the 28. of September.

Elias Ruffell, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Majors.

Annoreg. 28.

The King made cruell warre upon the Scottes, and had of them a great victorie, and then they pelded themselues to his mercie.

This Realme was troubled with false money, whiche was called Crokden, and Pollard, copned in partes beyond the Seas, and uttered for sterling, so that many thereby were deceyued, whiche upon Saint Stephens day was clouen in two, and was accompted but halfe the value. On Calfier euen the same monep was forbidden throughe all England, and after called in, and new copned, to the Kings great advantage.

False Money.

1300

W. the.Ruffing.

A lodeine fire enclosed the Monasterie of Glocester, the Clopster, Belfrie, the great chamber, with other buildings was consumed.

Reb. of Glocester.

For the establishment of the peace between England and France, King Edward took to wife Margaret, sister to Philip, the King of France: they were married at Caunturburie.

W. the.Paling.

Lucas.

## Edward the first.

311

Lucas de Hauering: Richard Champes, the 28.of Septem.
Elias Ruffell, the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. 5
Anno reg. 29.

King Edward made his voyage against the Scottes, wher-
in he subdued a great part of the land, toke the Caffell of E-
streuelin, with other, & made the Lords Sware to him fealtie
and homage. In the meane while, the Quene was con-
ueved to London, againste whome, the Citizens to the num-
ber of 600. rode in one linerie of red and white, with the co-
gniscance of their milleries brothered upon their fleues, and
receuied hir four miles without the Citie, and so conuayed
hir to Westminster.

1301

Robert Caller: Peter de Bosenho, the 28.of September.
Sir John Blound, the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. 5
Anno reg. 30

The King gaue to Edward his sonne, the Prince dome of
Wales, and iopned ther onto the Dukedome of Cornwall, and
the Earledome of Chester. He kept his Chittmas in Scotland
with a great armie, but at some instance of the French King, he
granted truce and returned. About the feast of all Saintes,
the King sent a great power into Scotland.

1302

Hugh Pout: Simon Paris, the 28.of September.
Sir John Blount, the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. 5
Anno reg. 31
Tbo. de la More.

The Scottes rebelling against King Edward, made William Wales their leader, wherefoze the King hauing his Armie readie, passed by the Caffell of Strieling, ouer the whole land, none offering them battaple, but flæing before the twor d.

1033

Ex Record.

This yeare, on the twelfth of March, before John Blound
Paiot of London, William Leyre, Thomas Romaine, Willi-
am Biton, Walter Finchingfeld, Hen. Glocefter, Willi. Ma-
zarar, Salamon Coteler, Iohn Wengraue, Iohn Darments,
Nicholas Picote, Aldermen, Hugh Pout, & Simon de Paris
Sherifes, & before by men of euery ward of London, Roberte
Fitz Walter acknowledged his seruice to the same Citie,
and Sware upon the Evangelistes, that he woulde be true
unto the liberties thereof, and maynteyne the same to hys
power, and the counsell of the same Citie to kepe etc.

T.tiif.

The

Robert Fitz
VValter ac-
knovvledgetfa
his seruice done
to the Citie of
London,

312

Edward the First.

The right that belonged to Robert Fitz Walter, Chivalrous
of London, Lord of Wedham, were these:

The sayde Robert and his heires ought to be, and
are chiefe Banerars of London in fee for the Chivalerie
which he and his ancesbers had by Castle Baynard in the said
Citie. In time of warre, the sayde Robert and his heires
ought to serue the Citie in manner as followeth: that is:
The sayd Robert ought to come, he being the twentith man
of armes on horsebacke, couered with cloth of armour vnto
the great Weaft doze of Saint Paule, with his Banner dis-
played before him of his armes; and when he is come to the
sayd doze, mounted and apparelled (as before is sayd) the
Maioz with his Aldermen and Sheriffes, armed in their
armes, shall come out of the sayd Church of Saint Paule vn-
to the sayde doze, with a banner in his hande, all on foot,
whiche banner shall be Gueles, the Image of Saint Paule
Golde: the face, hands, feete, and sword, of Siluer: and al-
tome as the sayde Robert shall see the Maioz, Aldermen, and
Sheriffes come on foot out of the Church armed with
such a Banner, he shall alight from his Horse, and salute
the Maioz, and say to him: Sir Maioz, I am come to do my
seruice which I owe to the Citie, and the Maioz and Alder-
men shall answer, we give to you as to our Banerar of fee
in this Citie, this Banner of the Citie, to beare us gourne
to the honor and profit of the Citie to your power: and the
sayd Roberte and his heires shall receyue the Banner
and shall goe on foot out of the gate with the Banner
in his hands, and the Maioz, Aldermen, and Sheriffes shall
follow to the doze, and bring a Horse to the sayde Roberte
worth twentic pounds, which Horse shall be sadled with a
saddle of the armes of the Saide Robert, and shall be couered
with sendall of the Saide armes. Also, they shall presente to
him by L. Sterling money, and deliver to the Chamberlayne
of the Saide Robert, soz his expences that day. Then the sayde
Robert shall mount upon the horse which he presented
to him, with his Banner in his hand, and allone as he is vp, he
shall

Edvard the first.

Chal say to the Maioz, that he cause a Mar shall to be chosen
foz the hoff, one of the Citie, which Mar hal being chosen, y
sayde Robert shall command the Maioz and Burgeles of
the Citie, to warne the commoners to assemble togither, e
eye the chal al go vnder the Banner of Saint Paul: and the said
Robert shall beare it himselle vnto Aldegate, and there the
sayde Robert and Maioz shall deliuer the sayde Banner of
Saint Paule from thence, to whom they shall affent or thinke
good. And if they muft make any issue fo:zth of the Citie, then
the sayd Robert ought to choose two fozth of every warde, the
mouf sage personages, to fozfée to the safe keepping of the Ci-
tie, after they be gone fo:zth. And this Counsell shall be ta-
ken in the Priorie of the Trinitie neare vnto Aldegate. And
befoze every towne or Caffel whiche the hoaſte of London be-
ſiege, if the ſiège continue a whole peare, the ſayde Roberte
shall haue ſo: euery ſiège of the communaltie of London an
hundred ſilliŋgs ſo: his trauell and no moze. These be the
rights that the ſayd Robert hath in the time of war. Rights
belonging to Robert Fitz Walter, and to his heires in the
Citie of London, in the time of peace, are these (that is to ſape)
the ſayd Robert hath a Soken or ward in the Citie, that is,
a wal of the Chanonrie of Saint Paul, as a man goeth down
the ſtræte before the Bzewhouse of Saint Paul, vnto the Tha-
mi, and so to the side of the Mill, whiche is in the water that
commeth down from the ſtræte Bridge, and goeth so by Lon-
don Walles, betwixt the Friers preachers and Ludgate, and
so returneth backe by the house of the ſayd Friers, vnto the
ſayd common wall of the ſaid Chanonry of Saint Paule, that
is, al the parish of Saint Andrew, whiche is in the gifte of hys
aunceſtours, by the ſaide ſeniozitie: and so the ſayde Robert
hath appendant vnto the ſayd Soken al these things vnder
written, that he ought to haue a Soke man, e to place what
Sokeman he will, so he be of the Sokemanrie (or the ſame
ward) and if any of the Sokemanry be impleaded in y Guild
Hall, of any thing that toucheth not the body of the Maioz y
fo: the time is, or that toucheth the bodye of no ſherife,

W.b.

it

314

Edward the first.

it is not lawfull to the Sokeman of the Sokemanrie of the
fayd Robert Fitz Walter to demand a Court of the fayd Ro-
bert,and the Maioz and his Citizens of London.ought to gràt
him to haue a Court and in his Court he ought to bring his
iudgement as it is affented and agréed uppon in the Guidle
Hal,that shall be giuen him.If any therefoze be taken in hys
Hokenry,he ought to haue his Stockes and impriſonment in
his Soken, and he thal be brought from thçe to y Guild Hall
befoze the Maioz, £ there they shall prouide him his iudge-
ment,that ought to be giuen of him:but his iudgement thal
not be published till he come into the Courte of the fayde
Robert and in his libertie.And the iudgement shall be ſuch,
that if he haue deserued death by treason, he be tyed to a poſt
in the Thamis at Woodwharſe, where boates are faſſened,
two ebbings and two flowings of the Water. And if he bée
condemned for a common théeſe, he ought to be ledde to the
Elmes,and there ſuffer his iudgemèt as other théeues: and
ſo the laid Robert and his hepzes hath a great hono that he
holdeth a gret Franches within the Citie, that the Maioz of
the Citie and Citizens are bounde to do him of right, that is
to ſay, that when the Maioz will holde a greate counsel, he
ought to call the fayd Robert and his hepzes to be with hym
in Counſell,and of counſell of the Citie, and the fayde Ro-
bert ought to be ſwozne be of counsel with the Citie againſt
all people, ſauing the King and his hepzes. And when the
fayde Robert commeth to the Hupſkings in the Guidle Hall
of the Citie, the Maioz or his lieuetenaunt ought to ryſe a-
gainſt him and ſet hym down nère vnto him, and ſo long as
he is in Guidle Hall, all the iudgemente oughte to be giuen by
his mouth according to the Recorde of the Recorſers of the
fayde Guidle Hall, and ſo manye weifs as come ſo long as he
is there, he ought to giue them to the Waypifes of the towr,
or to whom he will, by the Counſell of the Maioz of the Ci-
tie. These be the Franchises that belonged to Roberte Fitz
Walter in London,in time of peace, whiche for the antiquitie
I haue here noted out of an old Recorde.

William

Edwarde the first.

315

William Combmartin: John Burford, the.28.of Septem.
Sir John Blound the. 28.of October.

Baylifes. ?

Custos. §

Richard Grauesend Byshop of London deceased, who is re-
ported by some to haue purchased the Charters and Liber-
ties for the Citie of London in the peare of our L02d. 1292. in
the fifteenth peare of King Richard the Seconde . The un-
trueth whereof I haue thought good thus muche in place to
note.

Annoreg. 32

Adam Meri.

Grauesend Bis
shop of Lond6.

King Edward went into Scotland, and there besieged the
Cassetel of Striueline, which William Clifford kept the space of
*90. dapes with sundry baliaunt affaultes: but being able
no longer to resist, they put off their shoes, and with haulters
about their neckes came forth of the Cassetel and fel prostrate
before the king, committing both liues and lims to his mer-
cie, whom the King pardoned of life, but sent them prisoners
into England.

1304

Tho. de la More

The King returning out of Scotlande by the Citie of
Yorke, commaunded the Courtes of the kings Wenche and
the Exchequer, which had now remapned at Yorke by. peares,
to be remoued to the olde places at London.

Roger Pares: John de Lincoln, the.28.of September.

Sherifes. ?

Custos. §

Sir John Blound, the. 28. of October.

King Edward helde his Christmalle at Lincolne, where
he ordapned Justices of Traplebakon againcke intruders
into other mens landes, truce breakers, erfoz tioners, mur-
derers, and suche like offendours, by whyche meanes the
Kings treasure was maruellously encreased. Roger Braba-
fon and Robert de Reuer latte at the Guilde Hall in London to
heare the complaintes made concerning the foroelayde Arti-
cles of Traplebakon.

Anno reg. 32

Dravv thy staffe.

Adam Meri.

The Citizens of Norwiche made petition vnto the
King, that lyke as it hadde pleased hym heretofoze, to
graunte them hys helpe and lycence certayne peares
foz the wallpyng aboute of the Towne, whiche tearme
was nowe erpyzed, to graunte them a longer tyme,

the

1305

## Edwvard the first.

the fame being not yet finished: whereupon v. peares were granted by him and his Parliament at Westminster.

John Leyland witteth that a Marchaunte of Norwich, (whom he nameth not) builded a great part, almost halfe of that Wall.

Robert Fitz Walter requesteth the king that the Fries of the Sacke (commonly called de Penitentia Iesu) in London might assigne to the layde Robert one Chappel of olde time called the Sinagoge of the Iewes, neare adioyning to the place of the fame Robert, which request was graunted. These Friers liued altogither by begging, and had of late multiplied in number greatly, untill the counsel at Lions, wherein it was decreed, that Friers beggers should recepue none into their order, except Grey and White Friers. They wer also licenced to enter into religion of larger rule, from the which time forth all mendicant Friers began to decrease, and were in short time brought to nothing, except the Preaching Friers.

William Wales which had ofttimes sekte Scotland in gret trouble, was taken and brought to London with great numerers of men and women wondzing oppon him: he was lodeged in the house of William Delect a Citizen of London, in Fanchurchie streete. On the mornow being the even of Sainte Bartholmew, he was brought on hozzebacke to Westminster. John Segraue and Geoffrey, Knights, the Maioz, Sherikes & Aldermen of London, and many other, both on hozzeback and on kote accompanying him, and in the gret hall at Westminster, he being placed oppon the South benche crowned with Laurel, for that he had layd in times past he ought to bear a Crowne in that Hall (as it was commonly reported) and being appeched for a traptour, by Sir Peter Mallorie, a kings Justice, he answered that he was neuer traptour to a king of England, but for other crimes whereof he was accused, he confessed them, and was after headed and quartered. There was opened to the K.a conspiracie, brought by the Archbishop of Canturburie and dimerse Earles and Barons against him, at such time as he was in Flounders. The Earle Mar-

shal

I. Leyland.

Friers of the
Sacke.
A Sinagoge of
the Levyes
neare Baynard's
Castel in Londò
Parliament recor.

VV. VV. Vales in
Scotland.

Adam Merimo.

Tho. Delamore.

Edward the first.

317

shall being examined of this, and being not able to purge
himselfe,made the king his heire,and put him in possession
of his landes to have his grace, and thus doing, the Kyng
gave him again. 1000. pound land by the peare during his
life.

William cofine: Reignalde Thunderle. 28. of September.

Sir John Bloud, the 28. of October.

Sheriff. ?

Custos. 5

Anno reg. 34

Robert Bruce an Englishman, preseuming by the righte of
his wife to besurpe the Kingdome of Scotland, called a Parlia-
ment of the nobles of Scotland within the Church of the Fri-
ers Pinozs in Domfries, where he flewe John Comin, bp-
caufe he woulde not agrée to the treason, and thortlye after,
to wit in the feale of the Anunciation of our Lady, in the Ab-
bay of Scone, he caused himself to be solemnely crowned king
by the Bithoppes of Glafo, and Saint Andrewes firſte, and the
third day after by the Countesse of Bowan, bicaufe hir brother
the Earle of Fife to whome by right of inheritaunce that of-
fice belonged, was then absent in England.

In the feale of Penticoſt king Edward honoſed his eldeſt
ſonne, Edward of Carnaruan with the degree of Knighthoode,
and with him also moe than a hundred noble pong men, at
Westminſter.

About the feale of the Patiuity of our Ladp, the king wët
againe into Scotland, with a great army, hauing ſent his ſon
Edward with Aymer de Valence Earle of Penbroke, Roberte
Clifforde, Henrie Lacy, and many other noble knightes and
gentlemen, at Whitſontide before, also he ſente before hym
his Juitices of Traple Waffo, two and two togither into e-
uery Citie and place into which he woulde come, giuing the
power to kill traytours, dnalwe and hang periured persons,
burn ſuch as wozke deceite, deſtroy the wicked, and ſet Eng-
lishmen in their places, and there were taken by them in the
ſpace of two monthes by inquifition of Juries, Hundreds of
Thouands, breaſers of peace and conspiratoures, amongst
the which Nigellus de Brufe, brother to Robert de Brufe, was
dnalwe thzough Berwicke and hanged, Mozeouer Chriſto-
pher

1205

pher

## Edvard the first.

pher and John Seyton biethen wer hanged: þ Countelle of
Bowan was closed in a Cage, whose breadth, length,
height, & depth, was eight fowe, and hanged ouer the wals
of Berwike: the Bishop of Saint Andrews and of Glaſco, with the
Abbot of Stone, were ſent to ſeverall prisons in England.

King Edward beſieged Simon Frisell in Lilyſcho, and ſtoke him and ſent him to London Tower, where he founde many Scottish Lords in fetters of yon, amongſt whom was Thomas Morham with Herbert his ſonne, and Thomas Roys his Esquire, who were all beheaded: Simon Frisell was hanged drawne and quartered: Earle Iohn de Athol bycause he was of the Kings bloud and an Englishman, was not drawn, but hanged and headed: Sir Iohn Wallers was ſente to the Tower of London, and after hanged and headed: Lawrence de Megos Esquire was taken at Douer ſ there beheaded. The Earle of Stratherne pælded to king Edward, who condemned him to remaine during his life in yon fetters in the Caſſel of Rochester.

At this time, and long after, King Edward had Scotland in
such good obedience, as he gaue of the landes thereof to his
feruauntes and ſubiectes in England, with Markets, Fayres,
and Warrens: amongſt others I haue ſeen under the broade
ſeale of the ſayd king Edward, a Manour called Ketnes in the
Countie of Ferſare, in Scotland, and neere the furthest parte of
the ſame nation Porthwarde, given to Iohn Evre and his
heires, anceſter to the Lord Evre that now is, for his ſeruice
done in those parties, with market euerpe Monday, ſayle for
thіze dawes euery peare, at the ſeale of Saint Michael, and free
Warren for his ſame, dated at Lauercoſt the 20. day of October
Anno regni. 34.

Ex charta regia.

Lord Evre.

Geſſrey Cundut: Simon Bylet. 28. of September.

Sir Iohn Blound, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Custos.

Regifterum fratrum
minorum.

This pere Margaret Duene, ſecond wife to Edwarde the
first began to builde the quire of the Churche of the Gray Fri-
ers in London, to building wherof in his life the gaue. 2000.
markes, and 100. marks by his Testament: Iohn of Brytain

Annoreg. 53

Cris

523

Edward the first.

Theobalde de Verdon the
yonger.
William Tuchet.
Henric Huslee.

In this Parliament many complayntes were made of ſ
oppression of Churches & Monasteries, by the Popes Chap-
leine named Willia Telta Archdeacon of Araine in ſ Church
of Conentrie. The ſame Clearke was forbidden to use any
moe ſuche extoztions, and diuerſe Katutes were ordayned
touching religious perſons which had theyz principal houſes
in other Realmes.

There came to this Parliamente ſente from the
Pope, a Cardinall called Petrus Hilpanus, to treate a ma-
riage betwirke Edwarde Prince of Wales, and the Frenche
kings daughter. And amongst many other ſutes made ther,
the Earle of Lincolne complayned, that whereas in times
palt, the course of Water running at London, under Holborne
bridge and Fleete bridge into the Thamis, hadde bin of ſuche
large breadth and depth, that ten or twelve ships at once
with Merchandises were wonte to come to the коſſayde
bridge of Fleete, and some of them to Holborne bridge, nowe ſ
ſame course (by filth of the Tāners and ſuch other) was ſone
decayed. Also by rapping vp of Wharſes, but especially by
turning of the Water, which they of ſ new Temple made
to theyz milles without Baynardes Caffel, and diuerſe other
perfurbations, the ſayde chippes nowe coulde not enter as
they were wont and as they oughte, wherefore he desired,
that the Hatoz of London with the Sheriles, and certain diſ-
crete Aldermen, might be appointed to ſee the course of
the ſayde Water, and that by othe of honest men all the
koſſayde hindzaunces might be remoued, and to be made as
it was wont of old time, etc. Which was answered and re-
corded, that Roger le Brabazon, the Coneſtable of the To-
wer, with the Hatoz and Sheriles are alligned, that taking
with

The course of Fleete dike at London ſore decayed, vyhich sometime bare burds of ſual burden to Holborn bridge, to the great commiſsion of the Citie in that yveſt part.

Ralph Sandwiche

Edward the first.

with them other honest and discrete men, they make dilegente searche and inquiry, howe the layde river was in old time, and that they leaue nothing that may hurt or stop it, and to kepe it in the same state that it was wont to be.

King Edwarde remaying all the Winter and Some mer at Carlile, disposed manye thyngs of Scotlande at hys pleasure: but in the meane time Robert de Bruis gosing aboute the Countrey, clewe manye that woulde not obey hym, and he sente with parte of hys armpe two of hys brathren, Thomas that was a knyghte, and Alexander a prieffe, Deane of Glafoo, into another parte of the Countrey, that they myghte allure the people unto them by gentle perſwasions, whyche (by comming of Englishmen uppon them, they) were taken, ledde to the Juitices, condemned, hanged, and headed at Carlile.

Tho. Walifing.

Lyng EDVVARDE sente messengers into Englande, commaundyng all that oughte hym ſeruice to bee readpe at Carlile, wythin threes wekes after the feaffe of Saint Iohn Baptiste: but himſelfe being bered with the bloudy Flire, he sente to his ſonne that he shoulde come with ſpède to heare hys laſſe words, whome among other thyngs hee counſelled to bee mercifull, inſte, and conſtante in all hys words and deodes: hee commanuſed hym not to bee two halſpe to take on hym the Crowne of Englande, tyll hee hadde renenged the iniuſries done by the Scottes, but to kape in thos[e] partes, and to cause hys Fathers boanes (beyng closed in a Cheaffe) to bee boze aboute wyth hym, tyll hee hadde gone thorow all Scotlande and ouercome hys aduersaries. He also commaunded hym to honoure hys mother, and loue hys two brethren, THOMAS Earle of Marſhall, and EDMUNDE Earle of Cornwall. Moreover hee charged hym on hys curſe, that he shoulde not preſume to call

E.ij. home

326

## Edward the Second.

He also called out of erile Pierce of Gauaston a kraunger bozne, whiche lately in his Fathers dayes, had for certaine causes bene banished this land. He gaue to the sayde Pierce the Earledome of Cornewal, the Isle of Man, and the Lozde chippe of Walling forde, otherwise assignede to Quene Isabel.

Nicholas Pigot: Nigellus Drury, the. 28. of September.

Sir John Blunt, the. 28. of October.

A Parliamente was holden at Northampton, wherein it was ordapned, that his Fathers coyne, which was counted bace, should not be refused bpō paine of life and lim, and that a fifté nth of the Cleargie, ´t twentith part of the goods of the Layetie should be giuen to the king.

The. 27. of October King Edward the firſt was buried at Westminſter, at the heade of Henrie the third his Father, into the which Church he had giuen lands to the value of one hundred pound by yeare, twentie pounde thereof yearly to be diſtributed to the pوزe, Anthony Becke Patriarke of Ie-rusalem and Byshoppe of Durham doing the ecrequies.

After the Epiphanie of our Lozde, all the Templers in Englande were apprēhended and committed to prison in diuerſe places.

The King went ouer into France and married Iabel the French kings daughter at Bolloigne y. x. xij. of Januarie. There were p[rae]ſent at that marriage, Phillip king of Fraunce, his ſonne King of Nauar, the King of Almaine, and the King of Cicile, with many other. And on the priij. day of Febzuarpe, King Edward with his Quene were crowned at Westminſter, by Henrie B[is]hop of Winch[er]ſter, being admitted so to do by Robert Archb[ish]op of Canterburie.

The King offered firſſe a pounde of Golde made like a King holding a ring in his hande, and after he offered a marke of Golde (whiche is eight ounces) made like a Pilgrime putting forſt his hande to recepue the ring. Sir John Bachauell Knypghte was th[us]ſte to deathe at his Cojo-nation.

The

Cro. Hantenpries
W. Paking.

S[er]c[ri]ſes.

M[aj]or.

Adam Merimo.
Knights of the
temple appre-
hended.

Tho. de la More.

Edvard the Second.

327

The King gave unto Pierce of Guaston all such giftes and Jewels as had bin given to him, with the Crownes of hys Father, his ancesstours treasure, and many other things, affirming that if he could, he should succede him in the Kyngdome, calling him brother, not granting any thing without his consent. The Lords therefore enuping him, told the King, that the Father of this Pierce was a Traptour to the King of Fraunce, and was for the fame executed, & that his mother was burned for a Witch, and that the said Pierce was banished for consenting to his mothers witchcraft, and that he had now bewitched the King himselfe. They besought the Kyng to beare therefore their petitions, whiche thoulde be both for his owne Honoure and for the wealth of his people.

Ghro.Dun.

First, that he woulde confirme and use suche auntiente Lawes and cuitomes, as are contayned in the Charters of the Kyngs hys predecessors: and for that they would graunt him the twentith part of their goods, and be his true subiectes.

Secondly, that he would take nothynge of any man, but at the price of the owner the fame to be payde for to the vitermofft.

Thyrdlye that what fœuer was alvenated from the Crowne, since hys Fathers death, might be reftoared thereunto again.

Fourthly, that he would obserue the oth he made before his Father, as of the revoking of Peter Guaston, the prosecuting of the Scottish Warre, and that all that was amisse thoulde be amended, leaffe hys enymies reiopce at it, etc.

That inſtite and iudgement mighte be done in the Lande, as well to the ryche as to the poze, according to the auntiente and olde approued Lawes and Cuitomes of Englande, and that no man thoulde be restrappned by the Kyngs wittie from p[ro]secuting hys ryghte, or to

X.iiij.

defende

328

Edward the Second.

defend himselfe by Law.

Then the king taking counsell of Pierce, Hugh Spencer
the Treasurer, and Chancellor and others, he appointed to
answer the Barons at the Parliament on Hocday. The Bar-
rons being departed out of London, the Citie gates were shut
by and chapned, great watch kept, and Hugh Spencer made
Conestable of London. The king with Peter of Gauaſton wët
toward the Wallingford Caffel wyth a great company of ſouldi-
aurs as well Kraungers as English, and Hugh Spencer ta-
ried ill at London. The Parliament on Hocday was kepfe,
the Kyng & Barons being there when they decreed the ſame
Pierce Thoulde be banisbed the lande to departe on the
morrowe after Hid Sommer day, neuer to returne againe.
The King gaue him two and thirtie townes and so manne
Caffels in Gaſcoigne, and great ſummes of money out of his
Earledome of Cornwall during his life: the king accompany-
ed him to Bristow, set him into Ireland, alligning him with
the government and reueneues of that Countrep.

Pierce of Gaua-
bone banished:

The king sent William Loſde Latimer with a hundred
horslemen to fetch Henrie Lacy Erle of Lincoln, but he being
foze warned, kept himselfe in his Caffell, and so prevented
they purpose, onely the Loſd Latimer and he talked, and so
departed.

The king intended to give Gaſcoigne to the French King,
Scotland to Robert Bruis, Ireland and Wales to others, hoping
thereby to haue ayde against his Barons.

Robert Archbifhoppe of Canturburie returned from Rome,
and was reſtored to all his goods.

William Baling: Iames Botener, the 28. of September.

Nicholas Faringdon Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

The king sent for Pierce of Gauaſton out of Ireland he la-
ded at Kerneruan, on the even of Saint Iohn Baptil, the Kyng
mette him at the Caffel of Flint with great tope and gaue to
him the Earle of Gloceſters lilter in marriage, they were ma-
ried at Barkam ſeed, which caused him again to rive in pride,
ſcoming the Pobles of the Realme, and to abuse the Kyng.

Annoreg. 2.
Sherifes. ?
Maior. >

1309

Ibo, de la More,
John Troklowe.

Anno reg. 3.

as

Edward the second.

as before he had done, in conuaping the treasure of the
Realme into sozraine countreys, amongst the which trea-
fure, he conuaped the table and trellles of golde from the
treafurie of Westminſter, and deliuered them to one Arme-
ry of Frisconband to be conuaped into Gafcoigne. The Barons
therefore declared to the King, that except he would erpell
the saſd Pierce from his company, they would rive agaynſt
him, as againſt a perured Prince, whereupon, by the ad-
uice of Pierce of Gauaſton, the King ſent ſoſ ayde into Gaf-
coigne, to the Earle of Foys, and to Clicount of Henoy, and they
came with thzeé hundred hoſſemen through France, but
Phillip the French King emprisoned the chieſe, and ſlew and
hanged the other. Also, the King of England had word from
Robert Brule of Scotland, from Robert Fitz Thomas of Ire-
land, that they woulde not take part with the King against
his Barons, whereupon the King being wroth, ſoſtifyed
Windsore Cattell, and beganne to build Towers and other
ſtrange things.

The Abbot of Saint Denis in France, being ſent Legate
from the Pope to demaund the legacie that King Edwards
father gaue to the holy land, did earnestly requeſt King Ed-
ward to remoue from him Peter Gauaſton, with whose con-
uerſation all the world was as it were infected. Then the
King appoynted a Parliamente at North-hampton, determi-
ning from thence to palle into Scotland: the Barons came to
this Parliament well furnished, but the King ſente them
worde he woulde not come there, yet at the laſt he came to
Stony Stratford, whither were ſente to him by the Barons,
the Earles of Warwike and Clare, who requeſted him to come
to his owne profite, and the commoditie of the Realme: at
length he went in the habite of a Squire, and the Barons
met him without armour, and in the ende louingly embra-
ced, and were made friends, and the vopage to Scotland was
reſourned til another time. After Michaelmas, the Parlia-
ment was holden at London, vnto the whiche Parliamente
came Lewes the French Kings brother, with the Bishop

E. h.

of.

Auno reg. 3.

Cro. pet. Colledge.

Chro. Dim.

Edvard the Second.

of Poyton, from the Lyng of Fraunce, to entreate vnite be-
twixt the King and his Lozdes: and there were diuers gad
ordinaunces made. And once agayne, though soze agapnft
the Kings mind, he caused Pierce to obiure, with condition
added by the Barons, that if he were founde agayne in any
lande subiecte to the Kings dominion, he should be taken
as a common entimp, and condempned. This beyng done,
he palled into Flanders, and from thence to other Countries,
seeking restre, which he coulde not finde.

Iames of Saint Edmond: Roger Palmer, the 28. of Sept.

Thomas Romaine, the 28. of October.

Pierce of Gaueſton concepuing a trust in the friendshippe
of the King and the Earle of Glouceſter, whose fitter he had
marrped, taking with him many fraangers, returned in-
to Englande. And a little before Christmas he came to the
Lyings presence, who for top of his comming forgettng all
others and promises, recevued hym as a heauenly gift.

The King kept his Christmas at Windſore, where Wal-
ter Langton Bifhop of Cheſter, and the Bifhop of Saint An-
drews in Scotland, were releafed out of p[ri]ſon.

The ſeconde dave of September at night, an horible
tempelt of thunder happened, so that Hedges and Trés
loſſe their gréeneſſe, and the Church of Middleton in Dor-
cet ſoire, wyth the Stéple, Belles, D[]inamentes, and all o-
ther monuments of that place, were consumed wyth the
lightning, the Monkes being at Battins.

Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne, and Conestable of Cheſter,
dyed at London, and was buryed in the newe worke of
Paules.

Simon de Corpe: Peter Blackney, the 28. of September.

Richard Reffam Mercer, the 28. of October.

Blackeney deceaſſed, in whose place Succéded John of
Cambridge.

A P[ro]vinciall Counſell was holden at London agaynſte
the Templers in England, oppon Hereſſe and other articles,
whereof they were accuſed, who denyed the fac[e], ſauing
one

S[her]ifes.
Maior.

1210

Anno reg. 4.

W. Shep.

S[her]ifes.
Maior.

Io. Rouſe.

Templers con-
dempned.
Thomas Dele.

Edward the Second.

one of two of them: notwithstanding all did confesse, that
they could not purge themselves, and therefore were con-
dempned to perpetuall penance in several Monasteries,
where they behaved themselves very well.

At Paris in Françoise liij. of the Templers were hent, by
judgement of the French King.

Thomas who had marved the daughter of Henry late
Earle of Lancaster helde in his handes the Earledomes
of Lancaster, Lincoln, Salisbury, Leycester, Ferrars, the Lí-
bertie of Pickering, and the Honoure of Cokermore, besides
greate landes in Wales, and in the Earledome of Arthroys in
France.

King Edwarde wyth Peter Gauaston hys companion,
went to Yorke, where the King was lodged in the Palace of
the Archebysthoppe, and Peter in the Castle: they caused the
Citie to be fortiffied, and the walles to be repavied, and sent
to Robert Bayliol of Scotlande for apde againfte his Lordes,
but Robert made answereare, he woulde not forθ of Scotland,
neþher woulde he disquiet any man: the lyke answereare
was made by the Welchomen. The Carles assembled at Bed-
ford, Gilbert Earle of Glocester being one of them, thep came
to London, and ozdayned the Seas to be kept, leaffe straun-
gers thoulde enter to apde the Ryng.

After Caster the brother of Pierce of Gauaston was taken
with greate treasure whiche he hadde conueped oute of the
Ryngs Treasurie: his shippe beyng tolled wyth tempelte
on the Sea, was driuen where it was taken, and the trea-
sure was brought to London in Cartes.

About this time King Edward for his recreation toke
the Sea, leaving Peter of Gauaston at Yorke, whereupon the
Barons brought their power, and entred the citie of Yorke, but
Peter fled to Scarborough: then the Barons besieged Scarbo-
rough, where thep took him, and committed him to þ cultody
of Aymer de Valence Erle of Penbroke, who brought him to
the Panoz of Dedington which is betwixt Oxford & Warwike,
& there left him to be kept safe: but þ next day in þ morning:

Guy.

332

Edward the Second.

Guy Earle of Warwike with a company of armed men, took him from thence, and brought him to Warwike Castell; after deliberation taken, the Earles of Lancaster, of Warwike, and of Hereford caused in their presence in a place called Gauffice, in Blacke Lowe, the river, of June his head to be stricken off; his body by the Friar Preachers was connued to Oxford, and there kept more than two peares, till the King caused the same to be translated to his manor of Langley, and there in the Friers Church (which he had builded) to be burped.

Simon Merwood, Richard Wilford, the 28. of Septemb.
Sir John Gifors Peperer, the 28. of October.

Quæne Isabell was delivered of her first sonne named Edward at Windfore, the 13. day of November.

The Knights of the order of Saint John Baptist, called Saint John of Hierusalem, put the Turkes out of the Isle of Roades, and after that man upon the sayde Turkes dayly for a long time after. This Religion was greatly preferred by the fall of the Templers, whose possession was given to them by a Counsell holden at Vienna.

Robert de Bruce gote againe almost all Scotland, the Castels with munitions (the English Garrisons being cast out) he tooke agayn into his power. This peare therefore by consent of the Pzelates, and certaine nobles, Hugh Spencer the sonne was appoynted the Kings Chamberlayne in place of Peter of Gaeston, whom they the rather preferred, by cause they knew the King hated him: neuerthelesse, not long after, by his great diligence, he brought himselfe into the Kings fauour. The Father of this Hugh being olde, was yet liuing, a Knight of great vertue, in counsell wife, in armes valiant, whose confusion and chamefull end he wanne vnto himselfe by naturall loue though disingenuous towards his sonne, who was in body very comely, in spirite proude, and in action most wicked, whose couートresse and ambition, by the differing of widdowes and strangers, brought the death of the Nobles, the fall of the King, with the utter destruction of himselfe and his father.

John

John Treklow.
Pierce of Gaeston beheas
ded.

Anno reg. 5.

Sherifes.
Maior.

1312

Tho. de la More.
The Roades
vvonne by the
Christians.

Anno reg. 6.

Tho. de la More.
Hugh Spencer
the yonger.

## Edward the Second.

John Lambin: Richard Wilford, the 28.of September.
Sir John Gifors Peperer, the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. §

1313

Tho. de la More.

Battayle at
Srrinclin.

Robert Pafsons

King Edwarde gathering a great power, marched towards Scotland, to breake the sege of Strieling Castell, and lodged himselfe and his people there about in the fielde on the euen of Saint Iohn Baptist: neuer afore that time was seene the like preparation, p ride and cost in the time of war, as affirmeth Robert Pafton, a Carmelite Frier, being p ze- sent, and taken of the Scottes, which he sozowfully bewap- led in his Heroycall Wierse whiles he was prisoner. The fircke night (sayeth he) yce might haue seene the Englishmen bathing themselues in Wayne, and calling their goiges : there was crying, thowting, waffaling, and drinking, with other rioting farre aboue measure. On the other side, yce might haue seene the Scottes quiet still, and close, calling the euen of Saint Iohn Baptist, labouring in loue of the li- bertie of their Countrey. On the mozow, the Scottes ha- uing gotten the molt convenient place in the fielde so2 ut- azoite, made ditches in the grounde thzæ fote dæpe, and the like in hzeadth, from the right wing of the army, vnto the leaft, couering yf same with weake twigges o2 Herdles, and agayne ouer with Turfie and Grasse, whiche was not of strength to beare hozemen. The armie of the Scottes being deuided into certayne troupes, soode not farre off from this dike, whiche was betwirt them and the English- men. On the other side, the Armie of the Englishmen com- ing out of the weaft, the sunne rising, calling his beames on their golden Targets, bright helmets, and other ar- moure, gaue such a reflection, as was both wonderfull and terrible to beholde. In the firft warde were the light hozse- men, and heauie courlers. In the second were the archers, and other swkemen, who were appoynted so2 the chafe of the aduersaries. In the thirde was the King with his Bi- chops, and other religious, amongst whome was Hugh Spencer. The Hozemen of the firft front making upon their enimies, foundered with their sozekæte into the ditch, and

## Edvard the Second.

and laye there tumbling, abiding the crueltie of the Scottes,
who comming vpon them, flewe some, and toke a greate
many riche men for raunsome. There was flayne Gilbert
de Clare Carle of Glocester, (whome the Scottes woulde
gladly hane kept for raunsome, if they hadde knowne him,
but hée hadde forgotten to putte on hys coate of Armes :)
wyth hym was flaine Sir Edmond Manly, Spur Roberte
Clifford, Sir Paine Tiptofte, Spur Wyllyam Marshall, Spur
Giles Dargenton, and many other Knights and Esquiers.

There was taken Humfrey de Bohun Erle of Hereford,
Iohn Segraue, Iohn Claueringham, William Latimer, Spur
Roger Northbroke, bearer of the King's Shielde of Seale,
but Spur Rauf Mounthermer that had married Ioane of A-
cres Countesse of Glocester, the Kings Sitter, beyng taken,
founde suche fauour, that his raunsome was pardoned, and
hée returning into Englande, broughte backe wyth hym the
Kings Shield of Seale; but Spur Edmond Manly the Kings
Steward, drouned himselfe in Banocke-borne.

Anno reg. 7.

Almoke thylle hundreth men of armes were flaine in
that place, our archers killing manye of them, who flewing
the Scottes cruelly bent vpon our hozesemne falne in the
ditche, thotte their arrowes wyth a highe compasse, that
they mighte fall betwirke the armoure of theyn ennimpes,
whyche was all in bayne: and when they thotte right forthe
they flewe sewe of the Scottes:, by reason of their armed
breaches, but many of the Englishemen, by reason of theyn na-
ked backes.

The King with the Bischoppes and Hughe Spencer hée
toke themselves to flight: in whiche daunger of flewing,
the King vowed to God, that hée woulde buylde vnto the
poze Carmelite Friers an houſe, in the whyche hée
woulde place foure and twentie hzethen, to be Students
in Divinitie, whyche hée afterwardes perſozmed in Ox-
forde.

Ralph

Edvard the second.

335

Ralph Baldock Wylhoppe of London deceased, who in
Cros. Tintern.
hys lyke tymc gaue two thousande Markes to the building
Wil. Daftoo.
of the newe wozke of the Chappell on the Southe side of
Nevve vvorke
the Churche of Saint Paule in London, and lefte muche by
of Paules Churc
hys testament to the same wozke.
che in London.

In digging the foundation of this wozke, were founde
more than a hundred heades of Dren and Kine, whyche
thing confirmed greatlpe the opinion of thosel whych haue
repocted, that of olde tymc it hadde béene called The
Temple of Jupiter, and that there was the Sacrifice of
Beaffes.

Robert Gurdeine: Hugh Garton, the 28. of Sept.

Nicholas Farendon Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

The King caused hys Writs to be published soz prices
of vicularles, that no Ore stalled oz corne fedde, be solde
soz more than foure and twentie Thillings: no graffe fedde
Ore soz more than sixtene Thillings: a fatte stalled Cowe
at twelue Thillings: an other Cowe at tenne Thillings: a
fatte Mutton corne fedde, oz whole Woll is wel growne,
at twentie pence: another fatte Mutton Thozne, at fourtene
pence: a fatte Hogge of two yeares olde, at thzée Thillings
foure pence: a fatte Cowe, at two pence halfepeny, in the
Citie at thzée pence: a fatte Capon at two pence, in
the Citie two pence halfepeny: a fatte Henne at one peny,
and in the Citie thzée halfpence: two Chickens a peny,
in the Citie thzée halfepence: foure Pigeons soz one pe-
ny, in the Citie thzée Pigeons soz a peny: foure and
twentie egges a peny, in the City twentie egges a peny,
etc.

Stephen Abingdon: Hamond Chigwell, the 28. of Sept.

Potwythstanding the Statutes of the latte Parlia-
ment, the Kings Writs etc. al things were sold dearer than
before, no flesh could be had, Capons and Géele would not

Sherifes. 2
Maior. 2

1314

Viduali printed.

Anno reg. 8.

be

Edward the second.

337

The Londoners considering, that Wheate made in Malt was muche consumed, ordained, that from thenceforth the it should be made of other grayne, and also, that a Gallon of better Ale should be solde j. A. ob. and of small Ale for j. A. and not aboute.

VVhereat for-
bydden to bee
made into Malt

The King according to the Statute of London, sente
hys Writs through the Realme, commaunding, that as
wel within the liberties as without, in Cities, Towne,
Townes, and Villages, a Gallon of Ale should be solde
for j. A. and that from thenceforth no Wheate should be
made into Malt: whyche, if he had not the Sowner caused to
be p[ro]claimed, the greatest parte of the people should haue
perished throughe famine.

Earle Waren was ercommunicate by the Byshoppe of
Cro. Dame,
Chichester for Adultrep, whereupon the layde Earle came
to the Bishop with armed men, and soure more hally than
the rest, threatned the Byshoppe, whereupon the Byhops
men fell on them, and toke the Earle.

Hamond Goodsheape: William Bodele:the.28.of Sept.
Stephen Abindon, the. 28.of October.
Sherifes.
Maior.
1316

There arrived in England by the Kings request Gauſte-
linus and Lucas de Flisco, two Cardinalles, to make peace
betwixt the Realines of England and Scotland, and to recon-
cile unto the King Thomas Earle of Lancaster. They brought
Bulles from the Pope to ercommunicate the Scottes,
ercept they returned unto peace with the King of England.
These Cardinalles wente into the South partes, to enſall
Lodowike Beomond, to whome the Pope (at the Kyngs
inſtaunce) hadde giuen the Bychopricke of Durham: and
when they came neare unto the Towne of Derlington, cer-
tayne robbers breaking out of a valley, Gilbert Middleton
and Walter Selby beyng their Capitaynes, sodapnelye
ſette uppon the family of the Cardinalles and of Lodowike
on Wigelesden More, robbed them of their treasure, and car-
ried Lodowike Byshoppe of Durham to Morpeth, where
p. they

John Trocklow.
Tho. de la More.

Tyve Cardia
nals robbed.

330

## Edvard the Second.

they confrayned hym to paye a greate Raunsome :
they broughte Henrye Beaumont to the Calfell of
Rintorde, and there kepte hym till he hadde payde a
greate raunsome : but the Cardinalles came to Dur-
ham, where they tarrped a seve dayes soz aunswere of
the Scottes, and so under the Kings conducte they retourn-
ed to Yorke, and left their businesse whyeche they came soz
undone. Gilbert Middleton after manye domages done
to the Priory of Rymuth and other, was taken in his owne
Calfell of Niforde, by Wyllyam Felton, Thomas Hetton,
and Robert Horneclife, carried to London, and there in
the presence of the Cardinalles drawne and hanged.

Aanoreg. 10.

The Cardinalles under certayne conditions, made
peace betwirte the King and Thomas Carle of Lancaster,
whyche conditions sothlye after were uniuously broken.

Sp. Gosfeline Demuile and his brother Roberte, wth
two hundred in the habite of Friers did many notable rob-
beries, they spopled the Bythoppe of Durhams, Pallaces,
leauing nothing in them but bare walles, soz the whiche
they were after hanged at Yorke.

Theueset lyke
Fryers.

William Cawflon: Raufe Balancer, the 28. of September
John Wengraue, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. 2
Maior. 5

Margaret daughter to Philip, sonne to Lewes Lyng of
Fraunce, wife to Edwarde the firlke, deceaſſed the fourtenth
of Febzuarpe, and was burped in the myddle of the Quire
of the Cray Fryers Churche at London.

Sob. Trocklowe.
Edvardede
Bruse beheaded

Edwarde de Bruis the King of Scottes brother, who by
the space of threè yeares hadde assaulted Irelande, and had
crowned hymſelfe Lyng, was taken by Englishemen that
were the King of Englandes Subiectes, and was behea-
ded at Dundalke.

In that battel were flapne nine and twentie Baronets
of Scotlande, and fue thousande and eight hundreth other,
the Primate of Armakh beþng chieſe Capitapne soz the
Lyng of England.

Barly Harveſt
cheape corne.

This peare was an earlye Harueſt, so that all the comne
was

## Edvard the Second.

339

Annareg. II.

was inned before Saint Giles dave. A Buschel of Wacheate
that was before solde for tenne shillings, was solde for ten
pence: and a Buschell of Dtes that before was eighte thyl-
lings, was solde for eight pence.

Earle Warrin koke the wife of the Earle of Lancaster,
and chut hir vppe in hys Cattell, for that he sayde the was
betrothed to hym before he was married: the Carles had
epther of them a wife, but nepther of them tared for
them.

John Prior: William Furneys, the 28. of Sept.

Sherifes.
Major.

Barwvike be-
trayed.

1318

The Scottes in-
uded England.
Richard South.

John I ruchlows

Aboute Pident the Towne of Berwicke was bestrayed
to the Scottes, throughe the treason of Peter Spalding,
and other Englishhemen, whome the Kyng of Scottes caused
to be hanged for beeping Traytors to theyz Countrep. The
Cattell held oute, till for wante of vactualles they wythin
were constrayned to delpuer it into the Scottishmens hands,
who wanne also the same tyme, the Cassetelles of Harbotel,
Warke, and Mydforde, so that they possest the mode
parte of all Northumberlande, euen to Newecastell oppon
Tyne, fauing certayne Cassetels that were defended agapnit
them.

In Day they entred further into the lande, bjenning al
before them, tyl they came to Rypon, whyche Towne
they spoyled, and tarrying threë daves, they receved a
thousande Markes of thosel that were gole into the Chur-
che, bycause they should not put the Town to the tyre, as
they hadde done the Townes of Northallerton, and Borough
Bridge, etc.

In theyz returning backe, they hzent Knaresburghe, and
Skipton in Craren, and all other afore them, carrying into
Scotlande a marvellous multitude of Cattel, besides pry-
soners, men and women.

The Yorkeshiremen gathered togither to the number of
ten thoufão, and met with the Scotts at the towne of Mitton, ten

P.ij.

myles

The.Walfing.

34º

Edward the second.

mples by Northweaſt from Yorke, where they loffe this
thousande, and were ouercome by the Scottes, whych when
the Lyng hearde tell of, hær leſte the ſiege of Barwike,
and haffed to meete the Scottes, but they returned an other
way.

W. Packington.

A pr. to vrg. 12

The Pope ordayned, that Parsons should hane but one
Benefice the pæce: whereupon patrons ſtraight preſented
neue Parsons to the refidue.

A greate morreyne of Kine hapned, which were so moſt
ally infected, that Dogs and Ravens eating of the carrion
of the Kine, were povſoned and did dwel to death, so that no
man durſt eate any Béeke.

A morreyne of
Kyne.

Sherifes. ~
Maior. ~

The Scots bren
the suburbs of
Yorke.

1319

Adam Meri.
Herdmen and
women goe to
vvard Ierufalem

Anno reg. 13

John Pointell: John Dallyng, the 28. of Sept.

John Wingraue, the 28. of October.

The Lyng being at Yorke, the Scottes entered Englande,
came to Yorke, and went the Suburbs of the Citie, and toke
Sir John of Brytaine Earle of Richemonde prifoner, wyth
manye other.

Many Herdes men and cer ſayne women of England, and
of other parties of the world, gathered themſelues together,
and woulde goe ſeeke the Holy lande, to kill the enemies of
Chrift, as they ſayde: but bycaufe they could not palle ouer
the greate Sea, they ſiewe manye Iewes in the parties of
Tholofe, and Gascoyne, wherefoze many of them were taken,
and put to death.

Sherifes. ~
Maior. ~

Exchequer kept
at Yorke.
W. L. Pauſon.

1320

Simon Abindon: John Preſton, the 28. of Sept.

Hamond Chickwell Pepèrer, the 28 of October.

The fiftieth of October the Clearkes of the Exchequer
wente towardes Yorke with the Woke called Domes Day,
and other recordes and prouifion that laded one and twen-
ty Cartes, but wythin the ſpace of halfe a yeare in the Ka-
lendes of Marche they dydve retourne agapne to Lon-
don.

1320

The ſame yeare the Kings Jüſtices late in the Tower
of London, whereupon John Gisors late Maior of London and
many others fled the Citie, for things they had preſumptu-
ously

## Edward the Second.

ously done, and knewe themselves guilty. And at this time the Citizens acknowledged the right whiche they ou-ghte to Robert Fitz Walter, and to his heires, for the Cattle of Baynard.

The Earle of Hereford boughte of Sir William Bruis Knight, a portion of land in the Marches of Wales called Gowers. Roger Mortimer the uncle, and Roger the ne-phew, not knowing of theközesaide bargayne, had also bought the saide ground of the said William Bruis. Also the Lozde Mowbray, who had married the daughter and heire of the Sapde William, clapped it by inheritance of his wife. Last of al, Hugh Spencer the Yonger, had bought that land, and putte them all out, where-through the közesaide Po-bles were soz amoured, and Humfrey Earle of Hereford complayned to Thomas Earle of Lancaster, whyche two Carles allured almost al the other Carles and Barons to take their part. Thomas Earle of Lancaster being their Cap-taine, they came to Sherborne, and from thence with banners displayed to Saint Albons: from thence they sent to the king being at London, requiring him to banishe the two Hughe Spencers, whyche were condemned by the comminaltie in many articles: which when the King woulde not graunte, the Barons came to London, where at length, the Kyng graunted their petition, so that Hughe Spencer the elder was banishe-d, but the Yonger Hugh fell to spoyling on the sea, taking out of two Dzonionds aboute Sandwich, goddes to the value of 40000, poundes.

Reignolde at Conduit: William Produn, the 28. of Sept.
Nicholas Farendon Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

Certaine Leapers, who had made couenaunt with the Lewes to poyson all the Christians in Europe, layde poyson in Welles, Springs and Pittes, for the whiche there were many conuit and brét. There died in Almain for this cause aboute twelve thousand lewes.

About the feaffe of Saint Michaell Isabell the Quæne came from Canterbury to Æ cattle of Ledes in Kent, purposing to P.tijf.

The Barons in
armour.

Anno reg. 14

The elder Spenc-
cer banished.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Ievves and lea-
pers poysoned
vvaters.

Conradus Meme-
dember.

T.de la More.

342

Edward the second.

to haue lodged there that night, but the coulde not be permitted to enter.

The King herewith beypng offended, as beypng done in
contempte of hym, calling to hym the Commons of Eſſex
and London, besieged the Castle, whyche belonged to Bar-
tholomewe de Badelſmere, who, hauing leſte hys wyſe
and chyldzen therein, was gone wyth the reſſe of the noble
men to the ransacking of the Spencers gowdes.

Leedes Caſſell
besieged.

In the meane time they in Leedes Castle dispaying of
their ſakegarde, the noble men wyth their armpe came to
Kyngſton in the Wigill of Saint Simon and Iude, demaun-
ding (by the Wychoppes of Canterbury and London, and the
Earle of Penbroke, who were ſent betwæne them) that the
King Woulde gyue ouer hys ſiège, promising, that
they after the nexte Parliament Woulde delyuer the Ca-
ſſell into the Kyngs hands, and become obedient
unto him: but the Kyng Woulde not graunte the noble
mens petition, who beypng returned into other partes,
the Kyng wyth muche laboure obtayned the Caſſell, and
hanging ſire of the chieſe of those whome hee founde there-
in, he ſente the wife and chyldzen of Badelſmere to the
Tower of London.

Kyng Edwarde helde hys Chriſtmasse at Circiſter, and
after Chriſtmasse leauing Glouſter and Wriſter, hæ
de wyth hys armpe wente to Shrewſbury and Bridgenorth. Both
the Mortimers meeting the King, reuerently and peaceably
submitted themſelues unto him. But the Kyng ſente them
both to the Tower of London.

Mortimer ſente
to the Tower.

Mawrice Barkeley, and Hugh Audley in like ſorte sub-
mitting themſelues, he ſent to Wallingſorde Caſſel.

Humſrey Earle of Hereſorde, Gilbert Talbot, Raufe
Damary, and their adherents, fledde into the North to the
Earle of Lancaster.

Aboute the latter ende of February the Kyng gathered
an hock and went agaynſt the rebels, and at Burton byppon

Trent

Edward the second.

Trent putte them to flighte. The King pursuing them the sixteenth of March, the hollies mette agayne at Borowbridge, where Humfrey de Bohune (by a certaine Welchman, who went under the Bridge) being thust into the fundament with a Speare, dyed. There were taken in the field Thomas Carle of Lancaster, with the Lords, Knights, and others to the number of 65. the rest going themselves by flight.

These by the iudgement of Andrewe Herkley Carle of Carlile, were condemned.

On the two and twentith of Marche Thomas of Lancaster was beheaded: Warin de Lile, Wyllyam Tochet, Thomas Manduit, Henry Bradebourne, Wyllyam Fitz William the Ponger, and Wyllyam de Cheyney Barons, hanged and quartered at Pontefracte: Iohn Mowbray, Roger Cliffordore, Goceline Deynvile, drawne and quartered at Yorke. Bartholomewe Badleſmere at Caunturbury: Henry de Mountfort, Henry Willington at Bristowe: Iohn Cliffordore, Roger Elinbrough at Gloceſter: Wyllyam Kerdyfe, Henry Chies at London: Frauncis de Aldham at Windsore: Thomas Culpeper at Winchelſe: Hugh de Audley the Ponger, Iohn de Wyllyngton, Roberte Talbot, Iohn Manduct, Edmunde Heclude, Iohn de Sapy, Roberte de Wacheuile, Philippe de Labeche, Iohn de Becke, Henry de Laybourne, these tenne, and thée ſcore and two Knightes more, were beſtowed in dyuers prisons.

The Earle of Lancaster beheaded.

Ioh. Tro: lowe, W. Paking.

The Justiciers of Trailebaston in Essex sate upon all complauntes, excepte Alliſes touchping pleas of ſeed landes, and others, in the Kyngs Benche to bée pleaſed, who dydde abſtaine theyn handes from all kinſes of giltes. And they dydde not onely refuse the giltes, but also woulde not be called to the feaktes and bankets of any man.

Cron. of Dunſt. Justices of Trailebaston.

The thirde Wéeke after Caſter, a Parliament was gathered at Yorke, where Hughe Spencer the father of the King was

The, de la Moré.

## Edvard the second.

was made Earle of Winchester, unto whome the Lyng
gaue the Caffell and Honour of Dunnington, whiche was
parcell of the Carledome of Lincolne.

Aboute the feast of Saint Iames, the King wyth a great
arme entred Scotland, but the Scottes having deſtroyed all
a'dze, were retyed beyond the Scottische Sea. So that the
King beyng oppreſsed by ſamine, refourned into Englande,
whome the Scottes followed, and in a place of the Foarrest of
Blackamore they ſet on the King, so that he hardly escaped.
There were taken the Earle of Richemond and the Lorde of
Stilcico, the Frenche Kings Embaſſadoz, and many other :
whereboppon the Scottes ſpoyling al the Country, and bren-
ning euen to Yorke, they prizt Ripon, & clew many Prieſts of
the Colledge there : but in Buerley they hurte not a man,
for the Burgeſſes and Cannons dydde reſdeme the ſame
wyth ſoure hundreth poundes of sterling moneſt. And so the
Scottes by reaſon of Winter made refournè, being laden
with ſpuples.

Thys peare the Lyng made Spz Andrewe Herkley
Earle of Carlile, and gaue hym landes in the Marches of
Scotlande.

Richard Conſtantine: Richard Hackeney, the 28 of Sept.
Hamond Chickwell Peperer, the 28 of October.

Aboute the keaffe of the Purification of our Lady, An-
drewe de Herkeley late made Earle of Carle, under co-
lour of peace, ſapned, that he woulde marry Robert Bruis
his lſter. Whereboppon the King reputing him a Traitoz,
caused him to be taken by hys trueſp friende Spz Anthony
de Lucy, and after he was diſgraded of the Carledome by
the taking alway from him the Swoſd, & cutting off his ſpurs,
& then hanged & quartred at Carlile: also the third of March
his head was ſent to London, and his four quarters to ſoure
ſeueral parts of this land.

The. xxx. of Map Aymer de Valence Earle of Penbroke
Hugh Spencer the yonger, Robert Baldocke Archdeacon of
Midleſex, ſit William Herle Knight, William de Aizewine
Cannon.

T. de la More,
Hen. Elanfordes.

Additions to
Rich. Triuet.

Annoreg. 15

Sherifes. ~
Maior. ~

1322

## Edvard the Seconde.

Cannon of Yorke, Galfride de Scrope, were for King Edward of England sent to Newcastel upon Tine, where they met with William Bishop of Saint Andrewes, Thomas Randulfe Earle of Mourt, John de Meterh, Robert de Lowther, the Father Knights, and maister Walter de Tromant Clearke for the King of Scottes, there to take of a final peace: but when that wold not be, they fell to a truce, which they agreed vpof their peres, which was proclaimed about the 11. of June, dated at Thorpe nere unto Yorke.

Anno reg. 16

Thys pere Phillip King of Fraunce dyed, and his brother Charles succæded him.

About the beginning of Auguste king Edwarde being at Piking, there came Ambassadours from the new French king, the Lozde Benuille and his Andrew de Florentia, to cite the King to come to doe homage for Gismonde, Aquitaine, and other lands which he helde of him: and though Hugh Spencer the sonne Lozde Chamberlapne, and Roberte Baldocke Lozde Chauncellour, had procured the sayde Ambassadours not to declare theyp message to the King, yet when they should depart theyp did it, admonishing him to come. And the sayd syr Andrew de Florence being a Notarie, made a publike instrument of the sayde Citation and admonition.

John Grantham: Richard of Ely, the 28. of Septem.

Sherifes.

Hamond Chickwel Peperer, the 28. of October.

Maior.

The Frenche King made a processe againste the King of Tho. de la More: Englande. And Charles de Valoys uncle to king Charles of Fraunce a moft deadly enimp to Englishmen, did sease on the Dukedome of Angue, and the Countie of Portowe unto the use of his nephew the King. At the length going forward to the towne of Ryall, he founde it wel defended by Edmond of Woodstocke Earle of Kent, betwirte whome a finall truce being taken, to continue untill suche time as it could be determined betwene both the Kings as concerning peace, and the towne being pelded vp, both the armies departed home.

The next Lent in a Parliament holden at London, Adam.

P.h.

Tarleton.

## Edvard the Feconde.

347

The Queenszte
into Fraunce:

King Edwarde sente the Quene hys wife into hyz bize-
ther the French Kyng, to establish the peace, who went o-
ner with a small company. By hyz mediation a peace was
fullye finished, to witte, that the Kyng of Englande, should
give to his eldest sonne Edwarde, the Dukedome of Aqui-
taine, and the Earledome of Pontine, and that the French
Kyng shoulde receyue homage of hym : whereupon Ed-
warde the Kings sonne, wente ouer Wyth a competent
houisholde aboute the feale of Saint Mathewe, and did ho-
mage under certaine proteffations, to his uncle the Frenche
King.

Bennet of Fulham: John Cowson, the 28. of September.

Hamon Chickwel Peperer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

1325

Whiles the Quene Wyth hyz Sonne remayned in
Fraunce longer than the Kings pleasure was, and would
not come agayne Wythout Roger Mortimer and other
Nobles that were fledde out of Englande, and especially
for the hatred the bare to the two Hughe Spencers, the
Kyng in displeasure banished them bothe, and all other
that toke theyn partes, whereupon manye fledde ouer
the Seas to the Quene, amongst the Wyth was one a
subtill Kynght, Sir Robert Walkefare, who slaving the Con-
nektable of Corfe Casset, bize from them, where he had long
line prisoner.

Sir Oliver Ingham Knight, whom the yong Duke Ed-
warde hadde made keeper of Aquitaine, gathered a great ar-
mye, and inuaded the prouince of Aniowe, (whiche the
Frenche King contrarie to couenauntes, dydde Wyth-
holde) and broughte it wholly into the dominion of Eng-
land.

Oliuer Ingham.

Anno reg. 19.

Moreover, the kings Naue toke a hundred ships of the Normans, and brought them into England, for which cause gret hatred grew betwixt the two kings and their Realmes.

The D. perceiving that p nobles of France were cozrup-
fed with gifts sent out of England, so that he could trust none
of them, secretly conveyed his selfe and his Sonne to the Erle

Edward the Second.

349

Should haue good peace, except the diffurrens of the Realm,
to wit the Spencers, their father and the Son, Robert Baldocke by,
shop of Norwich, the kings Chancellour, and they theirautours:
& who soevier did bring to the Queen the head of Hugh Spen-
cer, should he have a M. pound. The Citizens of London with-
out respect of any, beheaded such as they took to be the Queen's
enemies, among the whiche they beheaded one of their
owne Citizens named Iohn Marshal, bicause he was famili-
ar with Hugh Spencer the Yonger. They toke also Pailfer
Walter Stapleton Bishoppe of Excester, and on the day of
October beheaded him: the eight and twelfth of March next
following he was buried at Excester, with great Solemnitie:
and two of his seruauentes, a Squire and a yeoman named
William Atwall, and Iohn of Padington, at the Kanderd in
Cheape, by cause (as the Saping was) he had gathered a greate
army to withstand the Queen, they did also wright the kepes
of the Tower of London out of the Conestables handes, and
delivered al the prisoners.

Bishop of Exce-
ster beheaded.

Richard Rothing: Roger Chaunteclere, the 28. of Septem.

Sherifes.

Richard Britaine Goldsmith, the 28. of October,

Maior.

Saint James.

Thys Richarde Rothing Sherife, builded the Parisishe
Church of Saint James at Garluke Hithe in London.

The Queen beheaded Bristol, which was done reddered to
hir, and the morrow after hir comping, Hugh Spencer the el-
der was drazwen & hanged in his armour, & then beheaded &
his body hanged uppe againe, and after foure dapes cutte al
to pieces, and cast to the dogges to be eaten, but his heade
was sent to Winchester.

The Queen beheaded Bristol.

Spencer the el-
der executed,
Wil. Pakmton.

The King, Hugh Spencer the Yonger, and Robert Bal-
docke, determined to flée into the Isle of Lunday, whiche is
in the mouth of the river Seuerne, two miles in length euery
wave, berpe fruitefull, pleasaunte, and harde to conquer:
but beþng in greate daunger on the Sea the space of a
wéeke, at latte arrived in Wales, where they were taken
the sixteenth dave of November, in the Monasterpe of Neth.
The Kyng was committed to Henrie Earle of Lancaster

The king taken:
I. ho. de la More.
Alexand. Netham.

bis.

## Edward the Second.

his kinsman, who brought him to Killingworth the Caffell, Hugh Spencer, Robert Baldocke, and Symon Readynge, were brought to the Quæne at Hereford: the Earle of Arundell, John Daniel and Thomas Muchelden, by procurement of Roger Mortimer were beheaded before they comming.

The K. sent to Killingworth:

Hugh Spencer was condemned without auncwere at Hereford, where he was drawn and hanged upon a Gallows thirthee fowe hygh, and then headed and quartered on the foure and twentith of November.

Spencer the yuger executed,

Simon Reading was drawn and hanged on the same Gallows, but ten fote lower.

Robert Baldocke dpyd in Newgate with manye tozyments.

These things beþng done, the Quæne wyth hys sonne Edwarde, Roger Mortimer and other, went to Wallingforde Caffell a little before Chzizmasse, and before the twelfth dape they came to London, where they were toyfully recepued. On the mozroowe akfer the sayde kealle, they helde a Parliamente, where by common derræ, they elected Edwarde hys eldelle sonne, and then sente in the name of the whole Parliament thzée Wþthoppes, John Stratforde Wþthoppe of Winchester, Adam Tarleton Wþthoppe of Hereford, and Henrie Wþthoppe of Lincoln, two Carles, two Abbottes, foure Barons, and every Countie thzée Knightes, etc. vnto the Lyng at Kenilworth. Adam de Tarleton Wþthoppe of Hereford, being the chiefe in malice, dpyd the message, with many greate thzætes, declaring vnto hym theyz election, and required him to renounce the Lyngly dignitie and Crowne to hys sonne: the Lyng aunsweared with teares, that hée was very forzie that hée hadde behaued hymfelse so enill towardes the people of hys Kingdome, but swþng the matter was so unrecoverable, he præped them all to forzgiue hym, and thanked them that they had chosen his eldest sonne. The messengers renounce all homages and dueties due to

Edward

K. Edvard the
second depofed.

Edvard the third.

353

The inhabitauntes of the Towne of Burie in Suffolke,
assembled themselues in warlike manner on Saint Lukes
daye last before palled in the twentith yeare of Edward the
seconde, and befied the Abbey of Burie, bient the gates, bet
wounded in Monkes, bare out of the Abbey al the Gold,
fluer, ornamentes, bowkes, Charters, and other wittings,
with the assay of their copne, stampes, and all other thyngs
pertayning to their minte, and all other goods, as Brasse,
Pewter, Iron, Leade, etc. They also bient many houfes a-
bout the Abbey, and in the Town, pertayning to the Ab-
bot, with his manours in Berton, Packenham, Rugham, Old-
haw, Hernigeburie, Newton, Whipsted, Westle, Riseby, In-
gham, Ferneham, Redwel, Haberdon, and others, with
all the corne in the same manours, and dzoue awaye the
hozfles, oren, kine, dwine, chépe etc. They dzeiwe y monks
out of they Abbey & put them in pizions, and after brought
them againe to they Chapter house, where they forzced
them to fearch Charters at they pleasure, etc. For the whi-
ch factes the malefactours were this yeare by vertue of the
Kings commission directed to Thomas Earle of Norffolke,
Marshall of Englande, Thomas Bardolfe and others, appre-
hèded and conuicted: nintene of them wer hanged, and one
presſed to death. After this the whole inhabitauntes of the
Towne, for that they had not kapde the malefactours of
their enterprize in y beginning (as they might haue done)
wer amerced to pay y Abbot toward his damages. 140000.
pounde. Neuertheleſe the Abbot and Couent at the kings
requett, who was there preeſent with his nobilitie, forzaue
and remitted to them. 122333. pounde firehillings eight
pence of the ſumme, and for the reſt vſed ſuche fauour, that
if they truely payde 2000, marks in twentie yeares fol-
lowing, and obſerued their couenaunts for god order and
quietneſſe, they forzaue them all the reſt.

About this time, the like fir was made againſke the
Monkes of Canterbury, whereof a fynde recorſed as fol-
loweth.

Z.

King

Regeſt of Burie.
John Prigton.
The Abbay of
Burie spoyled.

Commons of Bu-
rie executed.

Burie amerced.

Record. ecclesiſi
Christi Cantw.

Edvard the thirde.

King Edward preparing an army into Scotland comma-
ded the Baylifes and Citizens of Canterbury, to furnish him
twelve hozflemen, and sende them to Newcastle, towarde
which charge, the Citizens required ayde of the Monkes,
who aundered them, that without the aell of the Kyng
and theyr Archbifhoppe, they would not agré thereunto, for
so much as the Kings of Englande had founded theyz churche
in free and perpetuall almes. Wherebyon, William Chil-
ham Baylifе, and many commons of the Citie, assembled
themselues in the Preaching Frier's Churchyarde, conspire
to ware against the Monkes as followeth.

1 That they would ouerthrow the pentises, windowes,
and milne, belonging to the Monkes.

2 That no Citizen should dwell in any house belonging
to the Monks.

3 That all rents belonging to the Monkes of Canterbury
should be gathered to the use of the commons.

4 That no man shoulde sende onel to the Monkes any
viculars.

5 That they should sell all the hozfles and beafls y come
into the Citie with cariage to the Monkes.

6 That al such Monks as came forth of their house hold
be spoyled of their garments.

7 That a trench shoulde be cast, to lop all men from go-
ing in on comming out.

8 That euery Pilgrime hold at his entring, were that
he should make no offering.

9 Also that euery of those commons asore asayde should
weare on their finger, a ring of golde of those that belonged
to Thomas Becket.

Syr John the Carles brother of Henalt, came to helpe
Edwarde the thirde againste the Scotres, with five hundred
men of armes, whiche Henawders and the English women fell out
by chaunce on Trinitie Sonday at Yorke, where, so of the
Lincolnsure men were slaine, and buried under a stone in S.
Clements Churchyarde in Fosegate.

Cro.Pas. College.

The.

Edvard the third.

355

The King wente againske the Scottes that were entred
Englande as farre as Stanhope Parke in Wardale, where thep
were belieged thazee daves, but thep estaped. Iames Douglas
one night secretly entring the English campe, came nere to
the kings tent to haue taken oz slain him, but his Chaplein
being a bolde man and well armed, with some other beving
slaine, he with much adoe got backe onhurte.

Journey to-
vards Scotland

Isabel the Quene being perswaded that the Earle of
Leicester to moche fauvoured the olde King by his husbande,
thzough the subtle deuise of hyz scholemaster Adam Tarle-
ton Bishop of Hereford, appointed that Thomas Gornay,
and Iohn Maltrauers Knightes, having receyued him into
they? culkody, should carrie him about whether thep would,
so that none of hys well willers shoulde haue acceſſe vnto
him, oz vnderstand where he made any long abode. These
brought him out by nighte from Kenilworth, and firſte he is
brought to the Caffell of Corfe, then to Bristow, where foz a
ſeason he was kept thut by close in the Caffel, vntil ſuche
time as it was vnderſtode of by certaine Burgesses of the
ſame Towne, who foz the deliuzraunce of the ſaid Edward,
conueyed themſelues ouer Sea: whose determination bee-
ing knowne to his kæpers, in a certaine darke night they
conueyed him thence to Berkeley. These tozmentours forſced
him to ride bareheaded: when he woulde slæpe they would
not ſuffer hym: nepther when he was hungry would they
give him ſuche meate as liked him, but ſuche as he lothed.
Euerpe wozde he spake was contraried by them, giuing
out moſſellaunderouſly, that he was madde. And to con-
clude, in all matters that they coude imagine, they were
contrarie to hys wyll, that eyther by colde oz watchyng, oz
onholesome meates, oz melancholy oz other inſirimitie, he
mpyght languifhe and dpe. But contrariwise, thys man be-
ting of a good diſposition by nature, ſkoute to ſuffer, and
patiente throughe Gods grace to abyde griefes, hæ en-
dured all the wicked deuises of hys enpimes. Foz
as touching popſons whiche were minilred to him, by
Z.ij.

Tho, de la More,
Walter Barker of
Swinebroc.

the

356

Edvard the third.

the benefit of nature he dispatched them alway. These Chans
pions (as I sayd) bring the olde king towards Berkeley, be-
ing guarded with a rabble of Helhounds, along by the
graunges belonging to the Cassetl of Bristow, where that
wicked man Gerney making a crown of H ey, put it on hys
heade, and the souldiours that were aboute him mocked
him, saying, Tpnut, auaint fir King, making a kinde of
noise with theyr mouthes, as though they had farted. These
doubting to meete some of hys friendes, bent theyr tour-
ney ouer the Marish grounds, lying by the riuer of Seuerne.
Mozeouer diuising by all meanes to disfigure him that he
mighte not be knowen, they determined to haue as well
the heare off hys heade as also off his bearde, wherefor
comming by a little Water whiche ranne in a ditche,
they commaunded him to alighte from his hoillfe to be tha-
uen: to whome being set on a Molehill, a Barbour came
with a Baſon of colde Water taken out of the ditch, to whos
Edwarde sayd, shall I haue no warme water: the Barber
answered, this will serue: quoth Edward, will ye or nil pè
I will haue warme water: and that he might kæpe his pio-
mise, he beganne to wéepe and to shed teares plentifullie,
(as it was reporſted by William Byſhop, to fir Thomas de
la More knight.) At length they came to Berkeley Cassetl,
where Edward was butte vppe close like an Ancher. Iabel
his wife taking it grieuouſly that hir hufbads life was thus
prolonged, made complaint to Adam Bithop of Hereſorde,
sayning that the had certayne drieames, the interprzetation
whereof the miſliked. In like ſoſte the Bithop being in hys
conſcience guiltie of treason, ſkode in ſeare: the like ſeare al-
ſo kroke the heartes of other ſo: the ſame offence, whom the
Diuel had gathered togither to that effect. Wherfore it ſee-
med good to many of great dignitie & bloud, as wel ſpiritual
as temporal, y al such fear should be taken alway by ſ death
of Edwarde, wherupon letters were ſent to hys keepers,
blaming them ſo: ſuffering him to enioy so much libertie,
& nourishing him ſo delicately.

Mozéouer

Edward the third.

357

Moreover there is a private motion made to them, that the death of Edwarde woulde not be misliked unto them : and in this pointe, the great deceyte of Sophifters stode in force, set downe by the Wilsnoppe of Hereferde, who wroteth thus: Edwardum occidere nolite timere bonum est: Kyl Edward do not feare it is a good thing.

To seeke to thed king Edwards bloud,
Refuse to feare I counte it good.

Sophiftical fet-
ter procuring
the murder of
the olde king.

Thys laying is to be resolued into two propositions,
whereof the first confisiting of threæ words, to witte, Edwardum occidere nolite, and the seconde of other threæ, that is, Timere bonum est, do sèeme to perswade very subtill: but the recepuers of the letters not being ignozant of the Sophiftical writing, chaunged the meaning thereof to thys sense, Edwardum occidere nolite timere, and afterward iopned these words bonum est. Powe when the olde king was broughte to the Castell asorefapde, he was very curteouslye received by Thomas Lozde Berkeley, but after the tozmentors had receyued letters concerning the gouvernemente of the Castell, Thomas Lozd of Berkley is commaunded to departe from thence, wherefore taking his leaue with lighes, he goeth to his other dwelling places.

After this the olde king was shutte vp in a close Cham-
ber, where with the stincke of the deade carkasses layde in
a celler under him, he was miserablye tormented manye
daves, in suche softe, that he was well nyghe suffocated
therewith: and that the paine was almost intollerable,
it appeared by the complainte he made on a certayne dave
at the Chamber windowe, certayne Carpenters then woz-
king on the righte side thereof hearing the same. But these
tyzaunts perceyuing that this woulde not force his death,
one night being the rry. of September, they came ruffing
in oppon him, as he laye in his bedde, with greate heaupe
featherbeddes, as muche in wepghte as he. menne coulde
beare, wherwyth they oppzessed and smothered hym, into
whom also they thynk a plimmers vzon, being made redde

Z,if.

hotte,

The old king
murdered.

358

Edward the third.

hotte vp into his bowels, throughe a certaine instrumente
like to the end of a Trumpet, or glitter pipe, put in at his
fundiment, burning thereby his inward parties, prouiding
thereby least any wound being founde in the kings bodye,
they might be caused to auncoweare it. In this sort was this
route King opprised, crying with a lowde bopce, so that
many as well within the Caffell as without heard it, per-
ceyuing it was the cry of one that suffered violent death,
which caused many of Berkeley (as they affirmed) to take co-
pallion thereof, and to pray for the soule of him that was
then departing. Isabel and the Bishop, that their tyzannys
mighte be hid, outlawed and banished Thomas Gournay,
and John Maltrauers. Thomas fleing into Marcels, thre
peares after being known was taken and brought towards
Englande, and was beheaded on the Sea, least he shoulde ac-
tuse the chiefe doer. John Maltrauers (repenting himself)
lay long hid in Germanie.

The murders
hired.

This peare died Charles king of Fraunce the third bzo-
ther, whiche was brother to the Lady Isabel Duene of Eng-
lande, mother to King Edward the third, by whose death
the succession of the Kingdome of Fraunce came to the said
Edwarde: but it was vsurped and posseffed by Phillip de
Valoys uncle to the sayde Charles, who dyd intrude himself
by force.

K. Edvvards ti-
tle to Fraunce.

King Edward married Phillip the Carles daughter of
Heynalde, at Torke the fine and twentith of Febznarie:
there was sisters daughter to Phillippe de Valoys akoje
fayde.

Edward the
third married.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Hennie Darcy: John Hauten the, 28, of September.
Hamond Chikwél Grocer, the 28, of October.

Anno reg. 2.
Parliament at
Northampton.
1228

A Parliament was holden at Northampton, in whiche a
thameful peace was made betwixt the Englishmen and Scots,
so that David the sonne of Robert Bruis, scarce seuen peres
olde, married Ioan of the Tower king Edwardes sister, at
Bermike, the twelfth of July. Also the king made the Scottes
charters.

Peace vith the
Scottes.

Edward the third.

359

charters, the tenour whereof was unknown to the Englishmen; but al was done as it pleased the olde Quæne, Roger Mortimer, and Iames Dowglas. The Scottes made manye faunting rimes against the Englishmen, for the fond disguised apperci by them at that time used, amongst the which was fastened upon the Church dozes of Saint Peter towards Stangate,

Long beardes hartlesse,
Painted hoodes vvitlelle,
Gay coates gracelelle,
Makes England thriftlesse.

Scottish taunts.

Adam Tarleton was made Bishop of Worcester.

In a Parliament at Salisbury, the B. made thre Cries, John of Ely, his brother, Carle of Cornewal, Roger Mortimer, Carle of the March, and Iames Butler of Ireland. Carle of Ormond. From this Parliament the Carle of Lancaster, Lord Wake, Henrie Beainonde, Carle Marshall, and other noble men did absent themselves, not being far off from thence in armour, for the whiche the King was highly displeased; notwithstanding in Sommer following they submitted themselves unto the Kyngs mercy, forkyng his favour.

Parliament at
Salisburie.

Simon Fraunces: Henrie Combmartin, the 28. of Sep.

John Grantham, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Certaine men of this land, to intent to try what friends they had in England, craftily denised that Edward the second king of England was aliue in the Castell of Gorffe, but not to bée sèene in the dave time, and therefoze they used manye nightes to make thewes and malkyng wyth daunting upon the towers and Walls of the Castell, which being percepued by people of the countrep, it was thoughte there had bin some great king unto whom they dyd these greate Z.tiy. solemnities:

K. Edward the
feconde bruted
to be aliue.

## Edvard the third.

solemnities: this rumour was spiedde ouer all Englande, to witte, that the olde King was alive, whence it came to paffe, that the Earle of Kent sente thyther a Fryer Precher, to trpe the truth of the matter, who (as it was thought) having corrupted the Pozter of the Caffell with rewardes, is let in, where he lap all the day in the Pozters lodge verpe close, and whé night was come, he was willed to put on y' habit of a lap mā, and then was brought into the Dal, wher he saw (as he thought) Edwarde the Father of the king sitting royally at supper with great maiestie. This Frier being thus perswaded, returned againe to the Earle of Kent, and reported as he thought, what he saw: wherupon y' Earle faide and affirmed with an othe, that he would inadeuoure by all the meanes he coulde to deliuer his brother from prison.

Anno reg. 3.

1329

Parliament at
V Winchesteſ.

The same peare at the earneſt request of some, the king held a Parliament at Winchesteſ, where by procurement of the olde Quæne, and Roger Mortimer, the ſayde Earle of Kent, and manpe other noble men and religious persons, to witte, the p[]rouincials of the white Carmilit Friers, and of the blacke Preaching Friers, and Frier Richard Witten were accuſed of confpiracie, touching (as it was ſayde) the deliuerpe of the Kings Father, which matter although it were but deuised ſantasie and a mère lye, yet the ſayde Earle ſo[]z certaine confessions whyche he made, and ſo[]z certaine letters which were founde about him, was there beheaded. The other, to wit, y' p[]rouincials of the P[]zedicants & Carmilites, were banifhed: but the B[]ishop of London, was ſet at libertie. Robert de Taunton Priell, and some certain Carmilite Friers and p[]zedicants, were condemned to perpetual prison.

Earle of Kent
the kings uncle
beheaded at
V Winchesteſ.

The death of the ſayde Earle was the lente lamented, by cause his familpe and seruaintes had above mecaſure afflicted the commones, in taking vp things (as they tranapled,) at the Kings price, paying nothing of verpe lpttle for it.

Richard

Edvard the third.

361

Sherifes. ?
Maior. §

Richard de Lazer: Wyllyam Gufours, the 28. of Sept.
Richard de Swanland, the 28. of October.

There was a Parliament holden at Notingham, where
Roger Mortimer was in suchc glozie and honoure, that it
was without all comparisone. No man durst name him any
other than Earle of Marche: a greater rowt of men wayted
at his hêles, than on the Kings person: he would suffer the
King to rise to him, and would walke with þ King equally
step by step, chke by chke, neuer preferring þ King, but
would go sozmoill himselfe with his Officers: he greatly re-
buked the Earle of Lancaster, cousin to the Kyng, so that
withoute hys consent hê appointed certayne lodgings so
Noble men in the Towne, demaundyng who made him
so bolde, to take uppe lodgings so nighe vnto the Quæne,
wyth whyche wozdes the Conestable beþng greatlye fea-
red, appointed lodging so the Earle of Lancaster one myle
oute of the Towne: and lykewise were lodged the Earle
of Hereford, Iohn de Bohune of Eustex, highe Conestable of
Englande, and others. By whyche meanes a contention rose
among the Noblemen, and greate murmuring among
the common people, who sayde, that Roger Mortimer the
Quænes Paragon, and the Kyngs Mapfer, sought all
the means he could to destruy the Kyngs bloude, and
to vslurpe the Regall Daigne: whyche reporste troubled
muche the Kyngs friendes, to wæte, William Mountacute,
and other, who so the safegarde of the Kyng, wware them-
selues to be true to his person, and dzew vnto them Robert
de Hollande, who hadde of long tyme bæne chiefe kee-
per of the Castell, vnto whome all secreate corners of
the same were knowne. Then oppon a certayne night, the
Kyng lying without the Castell, bothe he and his friendes
were brought by Tochlight through a secrete waye vnder
ground, beginning far off from þ said Castell, til they came
euen to the Quænes Chamber, whyche they by chaunce
found open: they therfore beþng armed with naked sworts
in their hâds, went sowards, leauing the King also armed

Z.b.

with

Edvard the third.

Without the door of the Chamber, least that his mother
should espie him: they which entred in, flew Hugh Turpin-
ton Knighte, who refus'd them, Papfer John Nevell of
Horneby giuing him his deadly wound. From thence, they
went toward the Quene mother, whome they found with
the Earle of March, readie to haue gone to bedde ; and ha-
ving taken the sayde Earle, they ledde him out into the
Hall, after whome the Quene followed, crying Bele fits,
bele fits, ayes pitie de gentil Mortimer, Good Sonne. I good Son,
take pitie vpon gentle Mortimer, for the suspected that hit
sonne was there, though she saw him not. Then are the
keyes of the Caffell sent for, and every place with all the
furniture is yeelded vp into the Kings hands, but in such
secret wise, that none without the Caffell, except the Kings
friends, understood thereof. The next day in the morning
very early, they bring Roger Mortimer, and other his frieds
taken with him, with an horrible shout and crying (the
Earle of Lancaster then blind, being one of them that made
the shout for so ioy) towards London, where he was commit-
ted to the Tower, and afterward condemned at Westminster,
in presence of the whole Parliament on Saint An-
drewes euen next following, and then drawne to the Elmes,
and there hanged on the common gallows, whereon he
hung two dayes and two nightes by the Kings command-
ment, and then was buried in the Grey Friars Church.
He was condemned by his Pares, and yet neuer was
brought to answer before them, for it was not then the cu-
Home, after the death of the Earles of Lancaster, Winchester,
Glocester, and Kent, wherefore this Earle had that law him
selfe, which he appointed for other.

The causes of his death laid against him were these.

First, that he was consenting to the murthering of the
Kings father.

Secondly, for that he had received a great summe of
money, whereby the Kings honor was greatly abated at
Stanhope Parke, where he gaue a signe unto the Scottes that

they

Edvard the thirde.

they shouldlie.

Thirdly,foz that he caused certayne amintient de'des and
Charters to be zent, wherein the King of Scots k'wd bound
unto the King of Englande: and especially foz that he had
caufed a contract to be made betwirt the Kings sifter, and
David the Sonne of Robert le Bruis.

Fourthly, that he had unprofitably consumed a greate
deale of treasure which he found in the kings treasurie, and
in the treasurie of the Carles of Wincheste'r and Gloce'st'er.

Fiftly,foz appropriating vnto himselfe the wardes and
mariages of all England.

Sirtly,foz being an euill counsellor to the King, and
to the Queene mother, and foz being ouermuch familiar
with hir. There died with him his friends Simon de Bur-
ford Knight, brother to Sir William Burford that was Ju-
lice, & John Deuerell Esquier, who was desirous to haue
made open confession of the Kings fathers cruell death, but
he could not be suffered. King Edward, the Bishop of Win-
chester, Wil. Mountacute, and very few others passed ouer
Sea, like as they had bin Merchants, haning with hym
starfe v.b. hozemen. He left John of Eltham his brother Pro-
tector of the Realme. He returned againe about the begin-
ning of April, and then helde a great Turniament at Dert-
ford in Kent. The v.b. of June was bezne vnto king Edward,
his first Sonne at Wodstoke, who was after named Edwarde
the blacke Prince. The k. toke into his hands all y lands
alligned to his mother, and only left hir a 1000.pound the
yeare. About Michaelmas there was very solemne in-
ting of all the Counte Carles, Barons, and Nobles, at Lon-
don in Cheape, betwirt the great Crossle, and the great Con-
duit nigh Doper Lane, which laffed th'ee dayes, where the
Queene Phillip, with many Ladyes fell from a Stage,
notwithstanding they were not hurt at all: wherefore the
Queene toke greate care to saue the Carpenters from
punishmente, and through hir prayer (whiche she made
on hir knees) the pacif'd the King and Counsell,
whereby

363

No Justice.

Anno reg. 4.

1320

Turniament at
Derfford.
Edvard the
blacke Prince
borne.

Turniament in
Cheape at
London.
Adam Meri.
Ro. Aluesbery.

364

## Edvard the thirde.

whereby they purchased great love of the people.

Robert of Ely: Thomas Whorwode, the 28. of Sept.
Sir John Pultney Draper, the 28. of October.

This Sir John Pultney, builded the College in London, called Saint Laurence Pultney, and little Alhallowes, a Parish Church in Thamis freete, and also the Carmelite Friars Church in Conentrie.

Such a wet Sommer, with preceding rayne was this yeare, that the Corne in the field could not ripe, so that in many places they began not Haruest till Michaelmas. The house of Croxton got not in their Wheat till Halontide, and their Pease not before S. Andrewes tide. The Monkes on Alhallowen day, and Martelmas day, were ferued with Pease gréene in the coddes, in stead of Peares and Apples.

King Edward held a solemn Christmas at Welles, which he continued till the feast of the Epiphany, where was made strange and sumptuous thewes made.

In the beginning of August, Edward Bailioll, sonne and heire to John King of Scottes, came into England, which Edward had bin before that time banifhed out of Scotland. At his comming, he declared what right he had in the Kingdome. Henry Beawmont Earle of Bohune, Gilbert Vmfreuill Earle of Angus, David Earle of Athels, Richard Talbot, Ralph Baron of Stafford, Fulx Fitz Williams, with many other noble men, affirming they had right of inheritance in Scotland, desired licence and ayde of the King of Englande, to recouer the sayd Kingdome and landes due to them, but the King having regard of the peace lately made, and also for his sibbers sake Quæne of Scottes, woulde not suffer them to leade an armie through his lande, wherefore the sayd Loldes getting a Fleete of Shippes, entred the Sea, and sayling toward Scotland, landed at Kinkehorne, where the Earle of Fife, and Robert Brule, Waffard sonne to Robert Brule, with tenne thousand Scottes refilled them n'ere unto Dunfermeling: but the Englishmen put them to flight,

Sherifes. ~
Maior. ~
Saint Lavre
rence Pultney.

Regift. Carmil.
Late Haruest.

W. Sheepshed.

Anno reg. 5.

1331

## Edwvard the thirde.

sight, and flew many. Afterward, to wée on Saint Law-
rence day, they had a sole conflict at Gledegmore, where two
thousand Englishmen ouercame softe thouand Scottes. By
reason of the great thong of the multitude amongst them-
selues, five Carles, and many other were thonged to
death. On the mozrow, the Englishmen towke the Towne
of Saint Iohns, well furnished with vidualles.

The seauen and twentith of September, Edward Bay-
lioll was Crowned King of Scottes, but afterward he re-
signed it to King Edward of England, and remapned vnder
his protection many peares after.

John Mocking: Andrew Aubury, the 28.of September.
Sir John Poultney Draper, the 28.of October.

Henry Carle of Lancaster and of Leycester, high Steward of England, founded the new Hospitall by the Caffell of Leycester, wherein were one hundred poze impotent people prouided for with all things necessarie.

Edward Baylioll, and the foze sapde Lozds and Nobles
continued the warres in Scotland, vnto whome came many
other noble men of the Realme of England voluntarily, ser-
uing of their owne charges, and besøged Berwike.

The King of England gathered a great power, and besø-
ged Berwike, which at length was yeielded for want of victu-
alles. During this sæge, the Scottes sought many wapes
to remoue the fame, leuping a great army ouer all Scot-
land, but comming to the sæge, they could not bring their
purpose to effect, yet still prouoking the Kings army to bat-
tell, whereupon at length the two armies appopnted to
fight, and setting out vpon Halidowne hill, there commeth
fozth of the Scottes Campe a certayne fout Champion of
greate nature, who for a facte by him done, was called
Turnebull: he standing in the midft betwirte the two ar-
mies challenged all the Englishmen, any one of them to fight
with him a Combate: at length, one Robert Venale Knight,
a Norffolke man, requesting licence of the King, being ar-
med, with his word drawne, marcheth toward the Cham-
pion,

Edwvard Bay-
lioll resigned
the Crovvne of
Scotland to
King Edvvarde
of England.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Hospitall at
Leycester.

Annoreg. 6.

John Maunderill.

1322

Callenge of
Combate.

368

Edvard the third.

Turnebull a gallenger ouer-come in com-bare.

pion, meeting by the way a certayne blanke malkife Dogge, which wayted on the Champion, whome with his Wozde he fuddapnely strake, and cut him off at his Iovnes, at the fight whereof the mapster of the Dogge Slayne, was much abaithed, and in his battaple moze warie and fearefull: whose left hande and head also afterwarde, this wozthe Knight cut off. After this Combate, both the armies met, but they fighting scarce halfe an houre, certayne of the Scottes being Slayne, they closed their armie (which was in thzée) all into one battaple, but at length fleeing, the King followed them, taking and chacing them into lakes and pittes, for the space of five miles. There were Slayne of them eight Earles, 1200. Hozsemen, and of common Souldoures 35000, at a place by Berwike, called Bothull, nere unto Halidom.

King Edvard van Baryvike.

In the meane season the Scottes had besetged the Caffell of Kambrugh, in which at that time the Quene was: but when they heard of the victorie aforesaid, they lefte the féege and fledde. The Townesmen of Berwike pælded to the King of England both the Caffell and the Towne, who placing garrisons there, he sent Edward Baylioll, and other nobles to keepe the Realme of Scotland. Earle Patritius, in the next Parliament holden at Yorke made fealtie, and did homage vnto the King by oth, who receyued of the King for pælding vp of Berwike vnto him, many honors and preferments: notwithstanding this Earle returned againe to Rebellion, who holding Dunbar against the King, was besetged by William Mountacute Earle of Salfourie.

Elfing Spittle. 3. Leyland.

Biber trinitate.

This yeare, William Elfing Mercer of London (obteving the Kings licence) made a new Hospitall of an olde house of Nunnes by Creeplegate, within the wall of London, and placing Chanons Regular there, he herame their first Prior, endowing the same with Lands for the relate of the moze and impotent.

Sherifes. } Masor. }

Nicholas Pike: John Husband, the 28. of September.

John Preston Draper, the 28. of October.

Adam

Edvard the third.

367

Adam Tarleton, first Bishop of Hereford, then of Worcester, is now translated to Winchester.

Annoreg.7.

1333

Edward Bayloll King of Scottes held a Parliamente at Gallowey, to the which came the noble men of Englande, and made clayme for their landes and posseffions whiche they had in Scotland, and so returned peaceably into their Country.

King Edward kept his Christmas at Wallingford.

The Queene was deliuered of a daughter named Isabella at Wodstoke.

The KingCOMMONED a Parliamente to be holden at Torke, the same to begin on Monday the seconde wéeke of Lent, to the which Parliament, the King of Scottes, (called Conquerour) although he were warned to be there, yet he came not, but sent messengers to ercuse him, to wéeve, Henry de Bellemount, and William Montacute Earles, of certaine other Barons and Knightes, who signified that the King of Scottes Conquerour coulde not be there withoute great danger, for that certaine Scottes lay in the Islands rea-dy to do him domage.

King of Scottes
did homage.

At the reaft of Saint John Baptist, the said King of Scottes Conquerour did his homage to King Edward of England at Newcastle upon Time, and not long after that King Edward took his homage of the Duke of Britaine, for the Earledome of Richmond.

In a Parliament at London it was tolde the King that the Scottes had taken Richard Talbot, & fire other knightes, and had clayne many footemen: wherefore the King toke a fifteenth of the Laptie, and a tenth of the Cleargie, to the intente the malice of the Scottes mought bee hridet.

John Hamond: William Haufard, the 28.of September.
Sir John Poultney Draper, the 28.of October.

Sheriffes.
Master.

King Edward wente toward the Marches of Scotland, and wintered in those coates, but understanding that the Earle Daffels was trayterously turned to the Scots, to Henry.

Belle-

Edward the third.

Annoreg.8.

1334

Bellemount besetged by the Scottes, he enfred Scotland, and repsed the séege, and then kept his Christmas at Roxborow. Pzesently after the sealt of the Epiphany, the French King sente messengers to King Edward, to wéete, the Bishop of Aurenges, and certayne Lozdes, to treate a peace for the Scottes, who wapted for an answere in Englande till Pide lent, and then at Nottingham a truce was granted vnto them vntill the sealt of Saint Iohn next comming, that in the meane time a Parliament might be holden of matters concerning peace, and the state of both the Kingdomes: in which Parliament holden at Yorke, it was decréed that the King shoulde palle with his armie thzough Scotlande, beypond the Scottish Seas, the which thing was quickly pereormed and done: but the Scottes desirous to fight a kielde, they fayned that they woulde haue peace, to obteypne the which, many came aboute the sealt of Saint Michaell, and chiefly the Earle of Dafces, wherebpon it came to palle, that afterward the Earle of Morefe being taken prisoner at Edenborough, was sente to be kept prisoner in England, and Richard Talbot was ransomed for two thousand sive hundred Markes, but the Earle of Dafces willing to shew that he was truly revolted to the King of England, rode agains the Scottes at the séege of a certayne Cattell, and falling in to the hands of his enimies, bycause he woulde not pæld, he was slayne with thirtæne of his men.

After the sealt of Saint Michaell, the King continuing kill in the Marches of Scotlande, was dapy entreated by messengers from the French King, concerning some peace to be made.

About the sealt of Saint Martine, Edwarde Bohune, a noble man, was dzowned in the marches of Scotland, for as he was dziving a botie of Cattell ouer a River, he selte himselse in danger, causing his guide to ride before hym thzough the water, where thzough the smoothnelle of the stone whereon the water ranne, his guide not being able to take sure foting fell downe, with his mapther being ar-

mied,

## Edvard the third

med, and befize any help could come, they were drouned
in the bottome of the Channell.

John Archbithop of Canterbury went ouer the Sea to Phillip de Valoys King of France, requesting of him the continuance of peace and amitie betwixt the two Kingdomes to be mainteyned. Secondly, that all Townes and Castels taken befize time by his father, should be refkozed to the King of England. Thirdly, that the sayde French King should sweare neuer to giue ayde to the Scottes agaynst the King of Englande: vnder which conditions, the two Kings of both Realmes shoulde prepare to trauell towardes the holy lande, and to fight agaynst the enimies of Christ. But the French King accompted the King of Englande not wosthie of his friendship, so long as he continued warres against the Scottes his friendes, whome he sayde were iust men. Unto the seconde petition he woulde not otherwile consente therebunto, than if all charges were repayde a gayne which his father Charles de Valoys layde out in the warres of Gascongne. Thirdly, he sayde, that he was a friend and louer of iustice and equitie, whiche he woulde neuer swarue from, neyther for his friendship, nor affinitie, but he woulde by all meanes he could, molest and der all breakers of the peace of the Kingdome of Scotland, for (saith he) there shall neuer be perfect peace and quietnesse among Chriekians, befize the King of Fraunce sitte in place of Judgement for the right of the Kingdomes of France, England, and Scotland.

John Kingston: Walter Turke, the 28. of September.

- Reignald at Conduct Vintner, the 23. of October.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Part of the Universitie of Oxford wente to Stamforde,
bycause of a variance that fell betwene the Portherne and
Southerne Schollers.

Ro. de Auesbery.

Upon Saint Clements night, through abundance of waters, but specially in the Thamis, all the Cattell and bealtes nere therebunto were drouned, and the land made

Aa.

unkruite:

Anno reg. 9.

1335

370

Edvard the third.

unfruitefull by salte waters.

King Edwarde had a tenth of the Cleargie, and also of
the burgelles, and a fiftieth of the commons.

Parliament at
Northampton.
Tho, de la More.

About the sealt of Pentecott, he helde a Parliament at Northampton, where leauing the Pzelates, states, and commons debating about matters, himselse secretely rode to Berwike, and there taking with him a few men of armes, he went to Saint Iohns Towne, whiche he strenghtned wyth trench and vampire, and sente his Earles, with the King Conquerour, to make an inrode upon the Countrep, and to see what Scottes they could finde would resift them: but none durst abide their coming, but hidde themselves in hilles, woddes, and marishes, and in the meane tyme ma ny Earles and Barons came, and submitted themselves to King Edward, upon conditions as followeth.

Re. de Alnesbery.

These be the poyntes agréed betwirt the counsell of the Kings of England and Scotland on the one partie, and Alexander Mowbrey, Geoffrey Mowbrey, Godfrey de Roos, William Bulloke, and Euſtace de Loreyne, having full power from David Stravulgi, Earle of Daffels, and Robert Steward of Scotland, to treate, accorde, and affirme all poyntes enterparled, and to be enterparled betwirt the sayde Kings, and the Earle, and Stewarde, as appeareth by their letters patents of cyther partie.

First it is accorded that the sayd Earle Daffels, the great men, and all other of the communaltie of Scotlande, whiche shall come in the same conditions, that haue life and memory, lands and tenements, feés and offices withinin Scotland, which they ought to haue by inheritance or right, thathe except, which shall be furpzised by common affent.

Item, that they shall be pardoned of emprisonmente,
and of all manner trespasses by them done in the Realmes
of England and Scotland from the beginning of the world, un-
to the date of these presents.

Item, the Earle Daffels, and Alexander Mowbrey, that
haue landes, tenementes, poſſessions, and feés in Englande,
which

## Edvard the thirde.

which they had at their departure, after the homage done at Newcastell upon Tine.

Item, that the franchises of the Church in Scotlande shall be mainteyned after the auntiente use of Scotlande.

Item, that the laws of Scotland in Bozough Tolnes, & Shriuewikes, within the landes of the King of Scotlande, be used after the antient usages and cultome of Scotland, as they were used in the dayes of King Alexander.

Item, that the offices of Scotland be ministr'd by people of the same Nation, yet notwithstanding, that alwayes the king of Scotland may put such officers in as heal please him, of what nation soever they be.

Item, that all those that within the conditions of the Carle Daffels haue landes within the landes of the King of England in Scotland, shall haue agayne the same landes, tenements, posseffions, offices and fees, as they had them at their departure, after their homage done at Newcastell upon Tine, except those that shall be forpised by common assent.

Item, that if they be emplesded for their landes and tenements aforesayd, that they haue their defences and recoveries in Court where they ought to haue.

Item, as touching the demaund which the Carle Daffels claymeth, that the King of England ought to acquite his lands in England which he hath in gage for eyght hundred markes, the King neþher ought, nor will do it, but as touching the Manour of Byphingdone, which the said Carle layd to pledge for two hundred and fiftie poundes, it is accorded that if the sayde Carle do come within one yeare, after the date of these presents, and will acquite the Manoure, the King shall cause that hee haue the same Manoure.

Item, as touching the Castell and Lands of Chilham, it is accorded that the sayde Carle be in the same point that hee was before at his departure, and haue hiss recouerie by lawe, and the Kyng promiseth in good faith.

Aa.ij.

## Edvard the thirde.

fapth that he will cause that he may haue the land, with-
out delaying epther partie. And touching the lands which
the sayd Earle claymeth to haue in Norffolke, of the which
he hathe Charters, it is accozed that hys Charters
bæyng sœne of the Kinges Counsell, he wyll doe rea-
son.

Item, that in case any man furmise treason upon the
sayd Earle, he may defend himselse by his body, according
to the laws and usages of Scotland, and on the marches,
and that all those that be within these conditions, haue the
like graunt.

Item, as to the pardon which William Ramsey Knight
demandeth for the trespasse by him done to William Lozde
Mountagew, to wæte, for beating downe his Castell of
Haghtordone, the same William shall be readie to do accoz-
ding to that that shall be aduised by the Kings of England
and Scotland.

Item, that the sayd Stacie de Lorayne haue his landes
and tenements which he ought to haue within the Realme
of Scotland, and if any man haue trespassed towardes him,
he shall haue his recoverie by law. Written at S.Johns
Towne in Scotlande the eighteenth of August, 1335.

Walter Mordon: Richard Vpton, the 28. of September.

Nicholas Wutton, the 28. of October.

Phillip Quène of England did beare his second sonne
named Wyllyam, at Hatsfield, who thortlye after
dyed.

Aboute the keast of the Epiphany, the King and the
Archbishopspe returned out of Scotland, to the burpall of
John of Eltham, Earle of Cornewall, brother onto the
King, who deceassed at Berwike in the moneth of Octo-
ber, and was burped at Westminster. At whiche time,
the King kepte a Parliamente at London, whiche be-
ganne on the Monday after Saint Matthies day: and on
the firste Sundaye in Lente, he made hys eldell
sonne

Sherifes.
Maior.

Annoreg.10

1336
Parliament at
London.
Duke and Erles
created,
W.Sheepesbed.

Edvard the third.

373

sonne Edward Earle of *Chester*, and *Duke of Cornewall*. The, de la More.
He made also fire other Carles, Henry of *Lancaster* (sonne
to Henry Earle of *Lancaster*) Earle of *Darby*, Hugh Aud-
ley Earle of *Gloester*, William Bohune Earle of *North-
hampton*, William Montacute Earle of *Salisburie*, William
Clinton Earle of *Huntingdon*, Robert Vffurd Earle of *Suf-
folke*, to the which Robert he at that time gaue the manor of
Base court, in the parish of Saint Giles without *Cripplegate of*
London, commonly called to this day the *Barbicane*, by cause
in old time he same had bin a *Burgekening*, or watchtower
for the Citie.
Barbican at
London.

The same day, the King made twentie *Knightes*, to
wæte, Sir Edward Montacute, Thomas Somaiton, Sir
Isle, Sir Darcy Richard, Sir Damuory, Sir John Poulney,
Sir de Mere, Roger Banant, Roger Hilary, Sir Boling-
broke, Sir Butterell, Sir Simon Swanland, William Scotte,
William Basset, Robert Sodington, William Zoufes, Sir
Cogshall, Roger Sangrauile, Thomas de la More mine Au-
thoure, and John Strache.
Wil, Shepeſthead.

In the same Parliament it was enacted, that no woe
-growing within the Realme of England, should be transpo-
sed out of the same, but that it should be made into cloth in
England, and that all Fullers, Weaners, and Clothwoz-
kers of every degree, being sufficiently instructed, and run-
ning in their arte, from what Countrey so ever they came
into England, should receue and enioy certayne priuiled-
ges, pea and moreouer should liue at the Kings charges
out of the Erchequer, vntill they had prouided commodi-
ouſlie to liue by their art. Although this Statute ſæmed at
the beginning to be nothing profitable, yet in short time
the arte of clothing increased so much thereby, that it was
twentie times more vsed than before.

Priuiledges gie-
uen to Clotha
vvorkers.

Also it was enacted, that no man should after that time
buy any cloth that was made beyond the Sea, and that
none should weare any Furres, but such as might dispend
one hundred pound by peare.

Aa.iiij.

Iohn

Edvard the third.

John Clarke: William Curteis, the 28.of September.
Sir John Poultney Draper, the 23.of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Tho. de la More.

Anno reg. II

1337

After the feast of Saint Michael, a Parliament was held
at London, and a Conlocation was assembled by the
Archbishop, wherein the Cleargie graunked a tenth for
thirty yeares, and the commons a sixteenth, in consideration
of the Kings warres which was hote in Scotland, and also
to restit the French King, who made great bzagges, and
thelwed great crueltie, for he outlawed, slew, and empri-
sioned all Englishmen, and confiscated the goods and Cat-
tayles of all that were found in his Ringdome of France,
threatning, that he would be reuenged for his friendes the
Scottes.

Wazeouer, he left not so muche as one Towne of
Castell in the Counties of Aquitayne, of Poyters, that
was not seized into his hands: wherupon King Edward
sente into Brabant, to take vp all the Wolles whiche Mer-
chants had brought thither, and made sale thereof for readie
money.

He also wrote Letters to the French King, erho-
king him, that he woulde continue his olde amitie. Sir
Walter Many being the Embassadour for the King of
Englande, and desirous to reuenge the bloud of two Eng-
lishmen that were slayne comming a lande for kreshe war-
ter, in a certayne Islande, called the Isle of Agnes,
nigh unto Flanders, he caused all that hee founde in the
sayde Island to be put to the tworde, and toke prisoner
the Earle of Flanders brother, who was Captayne of the
Ile.

Certayne of the Island men being sted into a Church,
were bient to the number of thirtiethouzande, with the
Church and all, by the Welchmen.

The warres being thus as afore sayde begonne be-
kwirte the two Kingdomes, the rumour thereof came un-
to

Fho. Walsing.

Edvard the thirde.

so the Court of Rome, whereupon the Pope sent two Cardinalles for the reformation and ordering of the peace between the two Kingdomes, who comming to Westminster, declared before the King the cause of their comming, whereunto the King answered, that although without all reason they dyd sème to restrepne hym of right and equity, for that hee ought to succède into the Kingdome of hys rozefathers, the whyche hys aduerfarie Phillip de Valoys dyd denye hym, expelling, muriing, and empriſoning hys people, and taking away the Dukedome of Aquitayne, and Earledome of Poyters without cause, mayntepning the Scottes and other Rebellles agapnſe hym, yet these iniuries notwithstanding, hee was contented if they could take order for the quiet enioying of Aquitayne and other fées belonging unto hym, whiche hys predeceſſures did enioy.

Moreover, for the dismilling of all ayde that the French King Thoulde gyue unto the Scottes at any time of Rebellion, for the which he offered his money, and also the marriage of his eldest sonne, and also to resigne all suche rites and intereſt that he hadde to the Kyngdome of France.

The Cardinalles béeing greatly comfoited with this aunſwere, departed, hoping that all warres were nowe ended. They toke with them John the Archbilhoppe of Canterbury, Richarde Bilhoppe of Durham, and Geſſrey Loſde Scrope, who altogyther wente on message with the Kynges aunſwere to the Frenche Kyng, hauing full authoſitie to treate and conclude a peace.

These béeing so reasonable offers, coulde not pacifye the furious minde of the Frenche King, who reposed greate trust in the Scottes, hopying by them, and thzough theyz meanes, quite to dispoſſelle, and to

Aa.iiiij.

dichea

## Edvard the thirde.

ditherite the King of England of all the title he had.

Walter Neale: Nicholas Crane, the 28. of September.
Henry Darcy, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

The King caused to constitute all the goods of the Lom-
bards, and also of the Monkes of the order of Cluny, and Ci-
feaux through the whole Realme.

Anno reg. 12

The King took will, to a certaine number of Hackes,
at a low price in euery Countrey: the number that was set
upon Staffordshire, was fire hundred Hackes, price nine
markes the sacke of good will: but nothing was payde.
First the will was vniversally taken. Secondly, for the
halfe, in whose hands soever it were founde, as well Per-
chatts as other. And the third time the King took a fiftenth
of the comminalty, to be payde in will, price of euery Kone
(contayning fourtene pound) two thillings.

The King appointed also all the Cozne and glebe lands
to serve for his warres.

1338

Ro. Auesbery.

About Saint Margarets day, King Edward, with Quene
Philip his wife, and a great army passed the seas with
a Paute of 500. layle of Shippes into Flanders, and so to
Cullen.

South-hampton
sacked and bræt
by the French
Pirats.

The fourth of October, fiftie Calleys well manned and
furnished, came to Southampton abont nine of the clocke,
and sacked the Towne, the Townefmen running away
for seare, by the break of the next day they which fledde by
helpe of the Countrey there about, came againste the Pi-
rats, and fought with them, in the which skirmish were
slayne to the number of thre hundred Pirates, togither
with their Captayne a pong Souldioure the King of Si-
cils sonne. To this pong man, the French King had ginen
whatsoever he got in the Kingdome of England, but he bée-
ing beaten downe by a certayne man of the Countrey,
tried Rancon, notwithstanding the husbandman layde him
on with his clubbe, till he had slayne him, speaking these
words, yea (quoth he) I knowe well enough thou art a Fran-
con, and therefoze halt thou dye, for he onderkowe not
his

## Edvard e the thirde.

hisSpech, neyther had he anye skill to take gentlemen pri-
soners to kepe them soz their raunsome : wherfore the re-
sidue of those Genno payes, after they had set the towne a fire
and brent it by quite, fledde to their Galleys, and in theyz
fleeing certaine of them were drowned. After this the inha-
bitantes of the towne compaffed it about with a strong and
great Wal.

The King still mayntayning his warres in Fraunce, on
the euen of the Annuntiation of our Lady, ri. galleyes ap-
proching to the towne of Harwich they cast fire therein, the
force wherof by a contrarie winde was layd, so that no gret
harme was done thereby. Furthermore, in the same peare
about the feaffe of Pentecost, certaine Pirates of Normandie
and Genoa, chipped in Galleys and Pinaces, made a thew
on the sea about Southampton, as they would have come a-
lande, and thzeatned soze to spople the towne againe, but
perceving the townesmen ready to resill them, they retur-
ned to the Isle of Wight, but entred not, being put backe by
the inhabitauntes, whereupon they sapled about the sea
coaffes, seeking to lande in places lesse defended, and after
came to Hastings, where they biente fithers cotages with
theyz boates, and wele many men. Also they made greate
these wes many times against the Isle of Thanet, Douer, and
Fulke stone, but in those places they did little harme, ercepte
to pize fithier men : thence they sapled about to the hauens
of Cornewall and Devonshire, doing in all places much harme
to the fithier men, and luche chippes as they founde unmä-
ned they fiered. At length they entred Plimouth Hauen,
where they brent certain great chippes and a great parte of
the towne: these were met by Hugh Curtney Earle of De-
ionshire, a knight of soure scoure yeares olde, being accom-
panyed with manpe souldiours of his Countrey, who ha-
ving lock at the firste fronte a kewe of his men whiche were
slaine by the quarrels of the French, iopned to fighte wyth
them hande to hande, and slaping many of the Pyzates
upon dize lande, chased the residue which fled to take their

Aa.b.

galleys,

378

## Edvard the third.

Galleys, and being not able to come nigh them by wading, they were drowned in the sea to the number of five hundred. Natives being brought to the King lying in Brabant, that dieersports of Englande were spoyled with the Pirates, he declared to his friends, to wit the Marques of Inliacence, and a certaine Cardinall, what great causes he had to revenge himselfe upon them, and in the end, was answered by the Cardinal as followeth.

The kingdome of Fraunce (sapde he) is compassed about with a threed of silke, which can not be broken, by all the strength of the kingdome of Englande, wherefore my Loode king, you must stap foode the comming of the Dutchmen, and other your friendes and confederates, the greater part whereof you now lacke. The King taking great confidence here, at staving nothing at all, said, that he would ride into the land of Fraunce with Banner displayed, and ther he would looke foode that mightie power of the French men, and that he would谢ther winne the same against any man that should withstande him, or else honestly lye in the field.

William Pomfret: Hugh Marbetel, the 28.of Septem.

Henrie Darcy, the 28.of October.

King Edward wintered at Antwerp where Duéne Philip was delivered of his third son Lionel after Erle of Viller. The king took uppon him to be lieutenanoute of the Empire from the Duke of Bavaria, who helde himselfe as Emperour.

A sodaine inundation of Water at Newcastle upon Tyne bare downe a piece of the Towne Wall, a fire parches in length neare to a place called Walkenew, where, 120. men & women were drowved.

In the Wigil of Saint Matthy, King Edward beganne to ryde with Banner displayed, and twelve thousand men of armes, against the Frenche King, burning Townes and Castels wherefoeuer he came. In the first night being very darke, Geoffrey Loode Scrope, one of the Kings Justices,

led

Sherifes.
Maior.

King Edyvarde
made vicegerent
of the Empire.

Richard South.
Nevvcaſtel
drovyned.

1339

Edward the third.

led one of the Cardinals, to wit Bertrand de Mount Fauentyne, of the title of our Lady, bp into an high Tower, shewing hym the whole lande about towarde Fraunce, so that the compasse of sikkène leagues, to be in every place on fire, (laying these words,) fir, doth not this fikken thี้eod wherwith Fraunce is compasse o, sème to you to be broken: the Cardinal annswering nothing, fel downe as deade so, sowerwe and seare.

In this soſt king Edward made iournepes into France dayly, continuing the ſpace of five wêkes, and caused hys armye to trauell in ſuch soſt, that they destroyed the whole Countrep of Cambray, Tourney, Vermoden, and Landenewe, excepting those Cities which wer wonn to him, w churches and Castels. The inhabitauntes of the Countrep fledde, neyther was there anpe man that durſt refiſt his enterpyzes, althoughe the Frenche King had gathered great e armies within the Walled Cities, himself lying in the Krög Towne of Saint Quintines, what time the Brabanders had determined to returne home againe, and were entred into the yepr journey, being forſced therebunta, partlye by wante of bıctuals, and partlye by the coldneſſe of Winter whychs grew on ſaſt.

The French king understanding thereof, beganne to move himselfe with hys armye towarde the campe of the king of England, who gladly loking so that his comming, called back againe the Brabanders, hauing receyued letters from the Frenche King, that he woulde ioyne battaple against hym, he sent him wozde back againe, that he woulde ſtap so that he thี้e daies, wherefore on the fourth daie the Kyng loking so that the Frenche Kings comming, whiche woulde come no nearer them than two miles off, breaking bridges and fell ling of trees, that the King of Englande mighte not followe hym, he fled to Paris, whereupon king Edwarde returned by Hanonia in Brabrant, where he continued almost the whole Winter.

Williams

Edward the third.

William Thorney: Roger Froham, the. 28. of Septem,
Andrewe Awbery Grocer, the. 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

In this Winter time king Edwarde grewe into greate
friendshippe with the Flemmings, who prepared themsel-
ves at all times to thewe their selues as good subiectes onto
him, swearing to doe homage and fealtie, vppon condition
that he would call himselfe King of Fraunce, and in token
thereof would from thence forth giue armes with Floure-
delues, for otherwise they durste not obey him, for feare of
the Dopes curse, which was to be layde vppon them, if at a-
ny time they rebelled against the King of Fraunce. Where-
fore by the countell of his friends, the Flemmings, and con-
sent of his noble men, he agréd there vnto, and take vppon
him both the name and armes of the King of France. He al-
so take Flaund. rs vnder his gouvernement, the people wher
of long after in all matters were to him obedient, as vnto
the King of Fraunce Conquerer. As touching the title and
and armes alozefayde, the Frenche king layde to certayne
Englishmen sent vnto him, our cousin (quoth he) doth wong-
sully beare quartered armes of England and Fraunce, whiche
matter notwithstanding doth not much displease vs, for he
is descended from the weaker side of our kin, and ther-
fore as being a Batcheller we woulde be content to graunt
him licence to beare part of our armes of Fraunce: but wher
as in his seales and letters patents he nameth hymself as
well King of Englande, as of Fraunce, and doth set the firſte
quarter of his armes with Leopardes, before the quarter
of Liles, it doth grieue us very muche, making apparaunt
to the beholders, that the little Islande of Englande, is to be
preferred, before the great kingdome of France. Unto whom
sir Iohn of Shordich knighte made auowere, that it was the
cuffome of men in those daves, to set the title and armes of
theyr progenitoors, before the armes and title of the righte
descending of their mother: and thus of dutie and reason
(fayde he) doth my Lord the King of Englande preferre his
armes.

Anne reg. 1 4

Bing

## Edvard the third.

King Edward being thus buffied, the Mariners of the Cinque Ports, embarked themselves in Pinaces and small boats well appointed, who after the seal of St. Bartholomew, arrived at Bononie by the sea coast, the weather being so cloude and darke that they could scarcely be perceived to be in the hauen, they bent in the lower towne ninteene galleys and four great ships, and twentie small boats with all theyz tackling, and all suche houles as were situate nyghe to the sea coast, amongst which was one great house full of oares, kayles, weapons, and other necessaries, sufficiente to furnish ninteene galleys, and men for the same: at length in a skirmish betwixt the townes men and the Englishmen, many of the land men were slaine.

About the beginning of February, king Edward returned into England, came unto Gaunt, where the Queen lay in childbed of his fourth sonne named John, he layde a Parliament at Westminster, wherein the Temporality granted him every ninth flèce of Wold, every ninth lambe, and every ninth the care of all sorts of corne, and the clearrie gaue him a newe tenth.

John of Gaunt.
Parliament at
Vestminister.

1340

Immediately after Cauffer, the Carles of Salisbury and Suffolk, being accompanied but with a fewe men, gaue an assault to the Towne of Lisle in Flaunders, which Town was confederate with the French King, but they chafing the French men too far within the gates, the Percolices being let fall, they were beset with a multitude of men of armes, and being taken, they were conueyed into France, fettered and Thackeled with pions, although they had twozne to be true prisoners: they were drawen in a Cart through the middle of euery Citie, Towne, Village and Hamlet, with greate houtes and cryes, rapling on them: and at length being brought to the presence of the French King, he woulde have most shamefully slaine them, had he not bin otherwise perswaded by the counsel of the King of Boemia.

King Edward kept his Whifontide at Ipswich, for that he intended from thence to take his passage into Flaunders, but

383

## Edvard the third

but being certified that the French king had sent a great Suite of Spanish ships, and also the whole fleet of France, to stoppe his passage, he caused his ships of the Cinque Ports and other to be assembled, so that he had in his fleet great and small, 260 ships. Wherefore on the Thursday befoze the nationality of Saint John Baptist, having a prosperous winde, he began to saple, and the parte dave in the even of the sapping keele they escried the French Fleece lying in Swine Hauen. Wherefore the King caused all his Flåete to come to Ancker. The next day being the fleet of S. John Baptist, lay in the morning, the French Fleet deuided themselves into three parts, and removed themselves as it were a myle, approaching towards the kings Flåete. When he, when the king perceived, about nine of the clocke having the winde and sunne on his backe, set so farre and met his enimies as he would have wonned, where with all the whole fleet gaue a ferrible thoute, and a showe of arrows out of long wooden bowes so powred downe on the French men, that thousandes were slaine in that meeting, at length they closed and came to hand blowes, with pikes, poles and words, and some threw stones from the topps of ships where with many were brained. The greatnesse and heigth of the Spanish ships caused many English men to strike many a stroke in vaine: but to be that way, the French ships being overcome, and all the men spente of the firste parte, the Englishmen entries and stroke them. The French ships were charned togther in suche sort, that they could not be separated one from another, so that a fewe Englishmen kept that part of the Flåete: wherefore they set upon the second ward, and with great difficultie gained the charge, which being done, was finner overcome than the firste, for that the French men leaving their ships, many of them leapt over bozde.

The Englishmen having thus overcome the first and second parte of the Flåete, and now having night dzawping

on

Edvard the third.

on, partly so, want of light, and partly so, that they were
wearie, they determined to take some rest till the next moz-
ning, wherefore that night xxx.ippes of the thirde crewe
fled awaye, and a great chippe called the James of Deepe
thinking to have carried away a certaine ship of Sandwiche,
belonging to the P[lay]or of Canterbury, was f[ay]de: so, the
Saplers so floutely defended themselves by the helpe of the
Carle of Huntingdon that they saued themselves and theyz
ship, from the Frenchmen. The fight continued al the night,
and in the morning the Normans being ouercome and takè,
there were found in the chippe aboue. 400 men flaine. More-
over the king understanding that xxx. ships were fledde, hee
sent foztie chips well appointed to followe them, ouer the
which he made John Crabe gouverour: but what good spæde
he had is not knowne.

In the firste companye of Chippes that were taken they
founde these conquered Chippes, the Denife, the George, the
Christopher, and the blacke Cocke, all whiche Chippes were
taken by Frenchmen at Sluce, and carried into Normandie.
The number of Chippes of warre that were taken, was a-
bout. 200. and 30. barges: the number of enimies flaine and
downed were aboue five and twentie thousande and of
Englishmen about foure thousand, among whom were foure
knightes, fir Thomas Mortimer the Kings cousin, fir
Thomas Latimer his son, fir William Butteler of Seortkorne,
and fir Thomas Poynings.

About the same time the Scots came with a great power
into Englande, burning and spoyling all the Marches by
fire and fWOZdE, and when they were returning wyth a
great boatie of Cattayle, they were neuer withstood by the
Nobilitie of the Marches, but the common people wold not
suffer them so to paille, set upon them, toke theyz boatie from
them, and flewe manye of them, and toke moze than. 80.
Scots of good reputation, whome they kept from raunsome,
so, the whiche fact the Noble menne of the Marches were
highly

Edward the third.

highly displeased.

About Lammas certaine French Pirats gave an assault to the Isle of Wright and sodainly entred it, but Sir Peter Rufel, Knight, meeting them with the people of that Isle, put them backe again, and made them to flée, slaying many of them, in the which skirmish the sayde knight was wounded wherof he dyed. These Pirates sayled thçe toward the coast of Devonshire, and comming to Teygnemouth, they sette fire on the Towne and hzent it: from thence they sayled towards Plimouth, which towne was so defended, that they could not hurte it, but burnt the farmes and sayze places nigh adiopning, and toke a knight prisoner, whom they carried with them.

The same yeare king Edward besieged Turney, but by
on entreatie made by the Frenche, a truce was taken from
Michaelinasse til midsommer, wherzoze the king comming
to Gaunt in Flaunders, staved there, looking for money out of
England, which came not.

Adam Lucas: Bartholmew Maris, the. 28. of September.

Andrew Auburie Grocer, the. 28 of October.

King Edwarde with eight of his men, sayning that he
woulde ride abode for his pleasure, secretly came into Ze-
lande, where taking shippe, after he had sayled thazee daies
and thazee nightes, on Saint Andrewes day at night aboute
the Cock crowing, he entred the Tower of Londò by water,
being wayted on by the Earle of Northampton, Nicholas Cà-
tilopo, Reignale Cobham, Giles de Bello Campo, Iohn de
Bello Campo Knightes, William Killesby and Phillippe
Weston Prielles: earely in the mornning, he sent for his chà-
cellour, treasurer, and Justices then being at London, and
the Bishop of Chichester being his Chauncellour, and the
Bishop of Couentrie his Treasurer, he put out of office, min-
ding also to haue sent them into Flaunders, to haue ben pled-
ges for money he owed there : but the Bischoppe of Chiche-
ster declared into him what daunger might inſue to hym,
by the Canons of the Church: wherupon the King diſm (...

Sherifes.
Maior.

Edvard the third.

fed them out of the Tower: but as concerning the high Justices, to witte, Iohn Lorde Stoner, Robert Lord Willowby, William Lorde Scharshel, and especially Nicholas Lord Bech, who before that time was Lieutenant of the Tower of London, and Sir Iohn Molens Knight, with certaine marshaunt men, as Iohn Poultney, William Pole and Richard his brother, and the Chauncellours chiefe Clearkes, to witte, Maister Iohn de Saint Paule, Michael Wathe, Henrie Stafforde, and certaine of the Exchequer, as Maister Iohn Thorpe, with many other moe, the king commaunded to be impriisoned, some in one place, some in another, neither woulde he suffer them to be discharged thence, til he were thzoughlye pacified of his anger conceyued for not sen ding the monep whiche thoulde haue serued at theliege of Woznep.

This peare about Chzistmas, Henrie Bithoppe of Lincolne, and Geoffrey Lord Scrope, chiefe Justiciar to the kyng and his chiefe Counsell dyed at Gaunt.

Anno reg. 15

King Edwarde kept his Chzistmasse at Gildforde, and after that a great Juiting at Reading. Also at Candlemasse hee kept a great euing at Langley, for the honoz of the noble men of Vafconia, which he trayned vp there in feates of war. He made Robert de Bourfier Knight Lord Chancellour of Englande, and Robert Parnike Knighte Treasurer, the one to succede the other. Also he sent out Justiciars that thoulde set in couple shire, so enquadre concerning the collectours of the tenthes and sikkenthes, and of wools, and to ouerseal officers. And bicause the Citie of London would not suffer that any such off cers should set as Justices with in thez Citie as inquisitours of suche matters contra rie to theyz liberties, the King prouided that those Justices thoulde holde theyz Sessions in the Tower of London, to make inquisition of the domages of the Londoners: but bicause the Londoners woulde not answere there, but till theyz liberties were fully confirmed, nepther anpe suche confir

Justice of Trale
bailio

Bb. mation

386

Edvardus the Third.

mation could be had either of the King, or his Chauncel-
lour touching Writs and Charters in the Towre, there
rose thereof suche a great tumulte, that the Justices ap-
pointed there to sit, kayned that they woulde holde no se-
sion there, till after Caister. Whereupon the King being
highly offended for the sayde tumult, and desirous to know
the names of them that had raysed it, coulde not under-
stande but that they were certaine meane persons, who
claymed theyr liberties: whereupon the King being paci-
fied of his troubled minde, forgave all the offences com-
mitted by the Londoners, the Justices breaking vp all theyr
sitting touching the sayde place.

T241

Parliament at
London.

This yeare within the quindene of Caister a Parlia-
mente was holden at London wherein the Earles and no-
bles of the Realme, with the commons and others, a-
mongst other things requestet, that the Charter called
Magna Carta, and Carta Foresta, with all other liberties bæ-
longing to the Church and kingdome should be obserued,
and that the officers and chiefe Rulers of the Kings houſe
thoulde be chosen by the Dæres of the Realme, in the Par-
liament: but these petitioners the King would not confirme,
no, could not abide to heare talked off.

About the beginning of the moneth of Julye, Lyng Ed-
warde receyued letters from Lodowike Duke of Bauarie,
blurper of the Romaine Empyre, in the Whyche pretendyng
friendshipe betwixt him and Phillip the French King, he
signifed that those warres whyche the King of England had
begonne in Fraunce, did greatly mislike him, and therefor
confured that there shoulde be concorde and amitie betwirte
the Kings of both Realmes, the Whyche to bæ perfozmed,
he offered to belowe some labour, requestyng Lyng Ed-
wardes letters of authoritie thereof to treate and to con-
clude a truce for one yeare or twaine, towarde the ende
of whiche letter, he addeth these twoes: The deputation,
and Lieutenanntship whiche we gave vnto you, we do so:

diverse.

Edvard the third

diverse and sundry causes reuoke again. Dated at Frankeford,
the fourteenth of June in the seauen and twentith of June,
raign, and of our Empire the fourteenth. To the which let-
ters, king Edwarde wrote an inscription, in softe as fol-
loweth.

To the renoumed Prince Lodowicke, by the grace of
God Romaine Emperour, alwayse Augustus, Edwarde by
the same grace king of Fraunce and Englande, and Loode of
Ireland, etc.

Richard de Barking: John de Rokefley, the 28. of Sept.
John of Oxford Vintener, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Major.

This yeare John Maluerne, fellowe of Oriall College
in Oxford, made and finished his booke entituled The Vili-
ons of Pierce Plowman.

King Edwarde gaue the Earledome of Cambridge to
John Lord Henault, uncle to Quene Phillip, and after kept
his feak of Saint Katherine at Newcastle, and his Christmاس
also. Untill this time David king of Scottes threatened to
lenie an armie and to enter the lande, wherupon king Ed-
warde entred Scotland, and followed after David, who fled
before him beponde the Scottis hfe, waiting and spoyling al
as he went, except Caffels and Marishes, in the which the
Scottes togither with David the king hpd theimeſelues.
And William Mountacute Earle of Salisbury, hauing got
ten a greate fleete, entred an Iland belonging to Scotlande,
where moſt victoriously he conquered it, and the fame Ile
being called the Ile of Man, the kyng gaue it to the Con-
querour franckelye and freely to be poffeſt, and caused hym
to be called and crowned king of that Ile. Then King Ed-
ward returning towards the south parts, kept Solemn toſe-
neypmentes at Dunſtable, beypg accompanied wyth 230.
Knightes.

The fame yeare was a Parliamente at Westminſter,
wherein the Archbifhoppe of Canterbury was reconcyled

Wb,ij.

Thos de la Mere.

Auno reg. 16

King of Man.

to

388

Edvard the third.

to the King, before whom the Archbishopesse was that al-
though he the Kyng by his counsell and consente hadde done
homage to the French King for the Dukedome of Aquitaine,
and the Earledome of Poytome, yet he neuer consented ther-
to as to be anpe hurte or pzeiudice to the Kyng, or that by
hys counsel he impghte incurre fauoure, or seeke to please
the French King, but for that presente tyme he thoughte
it belle to be done, both for the obtayning of peace and also
for the profit of the Kyng and Realme. After this Parlia-
ment the king commaunded Florences of golde to be made
at the Tower of London, that is to saye, the peny of the value
of fire shillings eight pence, the halfe penye of the value of
thrice shillings foure pence, a farthing worth the twentye
pence.

John Louekyn: Richard Riflingbury, the. 28. of Septem,
Simon Fraunces Mercer, the. 28. of October.

In a Parliament at Westminster, in the moneth of May,
the religious men that were postefleurs of Lands, graun-
ted to the king, towards the maintenaunce of his warre, al
their icewels and plate, as wel siluer as gold, hozelles, carts,
et wagons, wherupon the kings treasure was notably enri-
ched. The same yeare auctozitie was giuen to the kings ef-
chefers, to enquire and certifye the Counsell of al such per-
sons, which helde of the King any landes in Capite, or by a
ny other ke, to the value of one hundred shillings, and that
the names of all suche shoulde be enrolled and giuen vp for
recorde. Also certaine other were put in aucthozitie to ligni-
ke howe many sufficient and able booke-men were in euerpe
shire: also what other sufficient men were able to beare ar-
mour for the defence of theyr Country, and to see them pzea-
tised with suche kinde of weapon wherein they had belle
kill: and being thus assembled in all parts of the Realme,
specially suche as were of lawfull age, commaunde-
mente was giuen out, that they shoulde be readye at the
Kyngs commaundemente to kghte agaynste theyr e-
nimes.

Florences of
golde.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Anno reg. 17

1243

A general sur-
vey of the
whole realme
of England.

King

## Edward the third.

King Edward and his nobles perceiving the deroga-
tion that was done to the realme by such reseruations, pzo-
uifions and collations of benefices, as the Pope p[ra]cised
here in England, wrote to him, requiring him, that fifth the
Churches of England had bene founded and endued by no-
ble and wort hy men, to the ende the people might be instru-
cted by people of their owne language, and that he bepng
so farre off, coulde not understande the defaultes, yet hys
predeceſſours and he, more than had bene b[ef]sed, by diuerse
reseruations, p[ro]uifions, and collations made to diuerse
persons, ſome Kraungers, pea and ſome enimies to the
Realme, whereby the monep and p[ro]offs were carried
ſo farth, theyp cures not p[ro]vided for, according to the ſoun-
ders mindes, theyp thereſoze upon due considerations ther-
of p[er]ſignyed to him, that theyp coulde not ſuffer ſuch eno[mi]-
ties any longer, and thereſoze beſought him to reuoke ſuch
reseruations, p[ro]uifions and collations wholy, to an[oy]de
ſuche flaunders, p[er]ſchieues, and harmes, as mighte en-
fue, and that the cures might be committed to persons meet
for the erer[c]ises of the ſame: beſeching him further, wyth-
out delay to p[er]ſigny his intention, fifth theyp ment to beſlow
their diligence to remedie the matter, and ſee that red[ez]ette
might be had. Giuen in ſul Parliament at Westminſter, the
r[iv]itij[ie] of Pay in the peare. 1342.

John Steward: John Ayleham, the 28. of September.

John Hamonde, the. 28. of October.

Many being called to ayde the King againſt the Scots,
but not being ready, they contributed their monep, where-
with the King might hyze ſouldiours in place of them that
remayned at home.

King Edward caused to be called togither a great many
of Artificers, to the Caffell of W[inds]ore, and began to builde
an house whiche was called the Rounde Table, the ſloure
wherof, from the Center of midde point into the compaffe,
was an hundred kwte, and the whole Diameter. 200. kwte &
the Circunference thereof is, 600. kwte and thzeé quarters.

Bb. ity.

The

Re. de Aueſbury.
Gual. Homingford.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Anno reg. 18.
The. W[al]ſing.

1344

Round Table
at V W[inds]ore.

Richard the second.

deviled as well to the hindervance and harme of the King,
as of the Citie of London, and when sentence should be haue
bin pronounced against him, the King being presente, the
wicked man made erclamation, and mainteyned that such
iudgemente ought not to palle in absence of his Loode the
Duke of Lancaster, but yet the Justice vsed such words, John
(sayth he) the naughtie deedes that are obiected againste
thæ, thou oughtest to refell by battayle, or else by the lawes
of the land to be drawne, hanged, and quartered, and when
he kowde mute, noz would utter one word, it was dæetræde
that he should be committed to perpetuall prison, and his
godes to be confocate to the Kings dse, and that he should
not come within one hundred miles of London during his
life, he was sente therefore to the Caffell of Tintagell in the
confines of Cornewall, and in the meane space the Kings fer-
uants spopled his godes, John More, Richard Northberg,
and other, were likewise there conviict, and condemned to
perpetuall prison, and their godes confocate to the King,
for certaine congregations by them made against the Fith-
mongers in the Citie of London.

Nicholas Exton: John French, the 28. of September,
Sir Nicholas Brembar Grocer, the 28. of October.

About the feast of Saint Martine, a Parliament was hol-
den at London, in the whiche nothing was done worth the
memorie, but that which still was in hand, and erading of
money of the Cleargie and common people, to mainteine
the men of warre. And besides this, there was a Combate
fought in liffes betwirte an Esquire of Englande, and one of
Nauarre, that had accused the English Esquire, whole name
was John Welch, of Treason to the King and Realme, but
the effect was, that when he was Captayne of Cherbrughe, he
forced the wife of this Nauaroyz, as the sayd Nauaroyz being
afterward ouercome, and being readie to suffer death, did o-
penly confesse, for the which cause, by the Kings iudgement,
he was drawne and hanged, although the Quene and ma-
ny other did make earnest intercettions to haue his life saved.

The

Sherifes.
Maior.

A Combate
fought,

Richard the Second.

497

The Parliament was not yet ended, when newes came
out of the North of the taking of Berwick Cassetl by the
Scottes, the cultkodie whereof, the Earle of Northumberland,
Sir Henry Percy did possele, by right of his predecesseors.
The Scottes by mediation of money, got entrance into that
Cassetl, by one that was put in trust with keeping of it. The
Duke of Lancaster that loued not the Earle, was glad of
this happe when he knew it. It came to palle therefoze by
the Dukes procurement, that the Earle was condemned
by iudgement of the Lords there present, the which executi-
on was within a short while after releas'd. The Earle of
Northumberland, through the Kings favour reffized to his
life and posseffions, without any long delays, prepareth al
furniture of warre to befæge and winne the layd Cassetl of
the that were within it, and after he had gathered a mighty
armie, he sodeinly beſæged it, and after he had layne about
it a certaine time, it was compounded betwirt them with-
out, and them within, that they within should forsake the
Cassetl, and haue their lives and moweable goods, and for
surrendring the Cassetl, they should haue of the Earle two
thousand marks of English money, and by this meanes did
the Earle recouer the Cassetl sozth of the Scottishmens
hands.

Berwick loſt,
and v vonne
againe.

Through certayne pong men brought vp with the King, The, Walfe
there arose great diffention betwirt him and the Duke of
Lancastur, who departed from the Court, and wente to his
Cassetl of Pomfret, whiche he had forſtified, but by meanes
of the Kings mother, this disconde was appealed for a
time.

The third of Pap was an Earthquake.

King Richard with a great armie entred Scotlande, but
the enimies would not let themselves, wherfore he hent
the Countrep and returned. The eighteenth of July there
was an Earthquake. Sir John de Vienne that served the
French King, was sent into Scotland with a great multitude
of Shippes and men of warre, that joining with the Scottes,

Ai.

they

1285

The King en-
tred Scotlande

Richard the Second.

there hath not bin ſene a fairer, stronger, or greater, rideth
through the Countrey, that was deſtitute of inhabitantes,
boyd of Cattell, & wanting vicualles, for the land was left
desolate (as our men conſelled) that they saw not so much as
a bird, Dwles only ercepted. They found gréne Cozne on
the grounde, very faire and plentifull, whiche they evther
eate vp with their Hozzles, or treade downe with theyz
ſæte, but the enimies flcing battaple, our men did nothing
to be accompted of, but hent the Abbey of Melroys, and the
Towne of Edenborough, with such houſes as they found by
the way. When our armie was come to Edenborough, and
that vicualles ſapled them, many of them beganne to ware
ſcke, and some to die for hunger, whereupon, the King re-
turned with his armie into England. While King Richard
was in Scotland, the Scottes and Frenchmen entred into Eng-
lande, hzenning Townes, taking ſpovles, and leading a
way many prisoners, returned home into their Countrey.

John Organ: John Churchman, the 28. of September.

The Houldiers of Caleis went secretly forth into France,
and got a botie of four thousand Shepe, and thée hundzed
head of great beaſes, which they draw to their holdes.

About the sealt of Saint Martine, there was a Parlia-
ment at London, in which, the Laptie granted to the King a
ſſethenth and a halfe, with cödition, that the Cleargie should
give a fenth and a halfe, William Courtney, Archbifhop of
Canterbury standing there againſt, ſaid, the Church ought to
be frée, and in no wifе to be ſaped by the Laptie, whiche an-
were ſo moued the commons, that they ſoſth with preſen-
ted to the King a bill againſt the Cleargie of the Realme,
moving him to take from them their temporalities, and
thereby to abate their pride, but the King hearing the in-
ordinate cryings out on this ſide, and the iuſt anſweres of
the other, he commanded that the Bill should be cancelled,
and ſuch inordinate petitions to ceaſe, ſaping, that he would
preſerve the Church during his time, in as good ſtate

H. if.

Melroys and
Edenboroughs
brent.

Sherifes.

Maier.

A bill put a-]
gainſt the
Cleargie for
their tempora-
ties.

as

Richard the Second.

as he found it, or in better. The Archbishop therefoſe ha-
uing made the Cleargie priuie, wente to the King, and de-
clared to him that he with his Cleargie of their whole con-
sents and free willes, had p[ro]vided for his ills a Tenth,
which graunt the King so thankefully recepued, that he
openly affirmed, that he had rather haue this free graunt,
than any other foure times double, that were conſtrepned.

The eleuenth of November, Robert Vere, Carle of Ox-
ford, was made Marquess of Diuelin in Ireland: Thomas of
Woodstocke, Duke of Gloceſter: and his brother Edmonde,
Carle of Cambridge, Duke of Yorke: Michaell de la Poole
Chancellor of England, was made Carle of Suffolke, and
had giue him by the King a thouſand marks by the peare.

The Carle of March, Mortimer, was p[ro]clapmed heire ap-
parant to the Crowne. Also, King Richard at the earneſt
request of the Bishops, reſtored to the Bish[op of] Norwich
his temporalities which he had holden from him manp
yeares. King Richard, with Du[ne] Anne his wife, kept
their Chriſtmas at Elham, whether came to him the King
of Ermony, under pretence to reſo[me] peace betwirte the
Kings of England, but what his coming p[ro]ſited, he onely
underſtode, for beſide innumerable giftes that he recepued
of the King and of the Nobles, the King granted to him a
Charfer of a thouſand pounds by peare during his life. He
was (as he affirmed) chafed out of his Realme by the Tar-
tarians, and for that cause he got great giftes of the Chriſtian
P[ri]uices. About the kraft of Caffer, I[ohn] Duke of Lanca-
ſter, with a great company of Knightes, Esquires, and Ar-
chers, p[re]pareth to go into Spayne, which was due to him by
the inheritable righte of his wife the Lady Conſtance,
daughter sometime to Peter, King of Castile and Lion, so
that now he meant to challenge it epther with conſente of
the inhabitants, or by law of armes. He with a greate po-
wer toke the Seas, and landed in Spayne, at the Hauen of
Greyne, on the euen of Saint Lawrence, with all his P[an]iſ
in ſaſetie.

States created.

Lib. Peter. col.

1286

At

Richard the Second.

At theute of the King of Spayne, King Richard releasset
out of prison Iohn Northampton, Iohn More, and Richard
Norburie.

The Londoners fearing y comming of the French K. ranne
to their walles, pulled downe houses nere about y Citie.

About Michaelmas, the Nobles came to the Parliamét
at London, with great numbers of armed men, to the ende
they might be readie to withhland the Frenchmen who were
comming, but through contrarie windes returned.

The King created Robert Vere Marquess ofanne,
Duke of Ireland.

Dublin and

Robert Vere
Duke of Ireland

Not log after this, Michael de la Pole was by y Knights
of the Parliament deposed from his Chancello:ship, and a-
merced to pay to the King 20000. Markes, but the King
caused this to take small effect.

William Stondon: William More, the 28.of September. Sherifes.

Nicholas Exton Fishmonger, the 28.of October. Maior.

Richard Earle of Arundell, and Tho. Mowbray Earle of
Notingham, went to the Sea, of the which, the first was made
Admiral, upon y Vigill of our Lady the Annuntiation, a
great Paule of Flanders, France, Spayne, fraught with me of
warre, diuers engins, was discovered, with whome, the
Earles encountréd, and toke of them 100. ships and more,
the which conteined rir. M. Tonnes of Wine, whiche they
brought to diuers parts of England, wherby Wine was then
sold for thirtene shillings four pence the Tonne.

1387

Rochell VVine taken.

Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland forstoke his wife, a yong
Lady noble & faire, borne of the Lady Itabell, daughter to y
noble R. Edward, & married another that came with Queene
Anne forthe of Boheme: she was called in the bulgar tong of
hir Countrep Lancecrona. The Lozdes toke indignation
hereewith, especially the Duke of Gloceſter, Ankle to y yong
Lady that was forſaken. The Duke of Ireland studied how
to take the Duke of Gloceſter out of y way. Caster was now
past, the time, in whiche the Duke of Ireland shoulde haue
transpoyted into Ireland, but leastt there shoulde be two muche

Ji.iiij. kurre

502

Richard the second.

Kurre in the Realme among the Lords, the King as it were
to bring him to the water side, goeth with him into Wales, as
not to leave him, but there to kæpe him, that they might des-
uise how to take away the D. of Gloucester, the Carles of A-
rundell, Warwike, Darby, & Notingham, with other. There were
with the Earle of Suffolk, Michael at Pole, Robert Tre-
silian Justice, & many other, which no more flowly than the
D. of Ireland, conspired the death of the said noble me. After
a great time was passed, the King, as if the Duke of Ireläds
journey had bin forgotten, returned with him and the other
forth of Wales, to the Castell of Notingham, there to treate of
the death of the said noble men: there therfore he sent for di-
uers from Lôdon, whome he knew would be readie to which
way soever they should be moued: he called thither also all
the Sherifes and Justices of the Realme, and there inter-
dited the Lords of many crimes which the King had imag-
ned against them. In the meane time, the rumour of this do-
ing came to the Lords eares, wherupon first of all the Kings
Unkle, the D. of Gloucester, that he might mitigate the Kings
displeasure, before the Bishop of London, and manye other
Pobles, swearing vpon the Cuangeliffes, toke it vpon his
oth, that he neuer had imagined any thing to the kings hir-
derance, or done any thing to his displeasure, except that he
had not giue good countenance to the D. of Ireland, no would
hereafter giue him any, who had dishon effected his kinswo-
man, the which he firmelie had determined to revenge.

William Venor: Hugh Forstalfse, the 28.of September.

Sir Nicholas Exton Fishmonger, the 28.of October.

The D. of Gloucester calling togither secretly the Carles
of Arundell, Warwike, & Darby, that were in like danger of co-
demnatiõ, if they prouided not the more spædily, he discoue-
reth to the the matter: they therfore gathering their armies
togither, determine to talke with the King vpon the premi-
res. Contrarily the King for his party did deliberate hewe
he might take each of the by themclues out of the way, and
first he sent to the Castell of Rigate, where the Earle of A-

rundel

Lámno v. 11

Sherifes.

Maior.

Richard the Second.

rundell lay, the Earle of Northumberland with many other to
arrest him, who perceiving a great number of men of warre a-
bout him, fearing to do that he was commanded, departed
without doing his errand so far which he came, after whom,
there were sent many that by night should have taken him,
or have clained him, but a messenger sent from the D. of Gloce-
ster, pzeuèted their coming, that caused him to ride al night,
so that in the morning he was come to Haringey, having pat-
ford with his army a few miles, not without great trouble,
where he found assembled the D. of Gloucester, the Earle of
Warwick, with a great power of men. The R. being enformed
of this assembly in Harnesey wold, as is said, demanded of his
familiars what was to be done in this case, but in the end, by
the mediation of the King that came betwixt the King, the matter was
brought to this issue, that the Lords should come to Westmin-
ster to receive answers to questions of the King of those things, the Bi-
shop of Ely, with many other men of war that credit, taking an
other so many Kings part, that no fraud, receipt, or peril, should
be prepared. When the Lords had prepared these lines according
to the covenant, theforesaid mediators so peace sent the King
word, the treason was deuised by an ambush laid so that he, in a
place called the Mewes, near to Charing Cross, thereto he wil-
led the King not to come, but with sure hand, whereupon they lay
there, and the R. demanding why the Lords kept not covenant,
the D. of Ely answered, because (faith he) there is an ambush
laid of a D. armed men so many, in such a place, contrary to
the covenant, and therefore they neptier come, nor repute
you to be faithful: as the King moued so with his hand, so are he
knew of no such thing, and therefore commanded the She-
riffes of London, that going to the Mewes, they should kill,
if they found any assembled there so that cause, but Tho-
mas Treuit, and Nicholas Brembar Knightes, had secretly
sente away the armed men to London: the King therefore
sent agapne to the Lords, who freights were came to West-
minster with a strong power, agapneft whose comming, the
King adozning himselfe with Kingly robes, with Crowne
and

Ji.iiiij.

and

504

Richard the Second.

and Scepter, entreth Westminster Hall, where the Bishop of
Elie, Lord Chancellor, speaking for the King, demanded
the cause of their assembling of such a power, whereto the
Lords answered, that it was done for the Kings profit, and
the Realme, to plucke from him the Traytors whiche he
kept about him, whome they named to be Robert de Vere
Duke of Ireland: Alexander Neuell Archbishop of Torke: Mi-
chaell at Pole, Earle of Suffolk: Robert Trisilian, a false Ju-
stice: Nicholas Brembar, a false Knight of London: and there,
upon they thzeve downe their gloues, wearing that they
would prosecute it by battayle: nap sayth the King, it shall
not be so, but in the next Parliament which was appoynted
to be holden the morrow after the Purification of our La-
dy, all this was pacified for that time.

A manner of exhalation in likenesse of fire, appeared in
night in many places of England, which went with men as
they went, and st kayde as they did, sometime like a Whistle,
sometime like a Barrell, sometime like a Timber logge,
but when many went togther, it appeared to be farre off.

The Lords departing from the King, not withstanding kept
togither, which seemed great wurdome in them, for the D. of
Ireland in the partes of Chester & Wales, had assembled a great
nüber, whose Captaine was with Connectable of Chester, Tho-
mas Moleneux, a man of great wealth, & hardy. The D. of
Ireland with such a multitude haffed towards London, to joy-
ning with the Londoners, he might make the both as it were
an invincible army, but of D. of Ireland riding for th in fates
ly & glozious array with his armie, thinking none durst have
encountred him, so deinly as he loked on the one side, he be-
held where the host of the Lords was ready not far from them
tarping his com ing, in the midst of the valley, with which
fight, his heart streight waves fayled, and he said, friends, I
must fly, for a greater puissance seemeth to be pöder, against
you they haue no quarell, so I being shifted away, I shall
escape wel ynough, & forthwith setting spurres for his horse,
he dieth away. There was then so far from Tho. Moleneux &

Strange like
nesse of fire.
John Leycester.

prepu.

Richard the Second?

prepared himselfe to the battayle, so the Lords were not
yet al come to that place, who when he had sought a while,
being alwearted, entred the riuer which was there by. Amōg
other Sir Thomas Mortimer knighte, exhortted him to come
bp, or else he would chaste him through in the riuer : if I do
come bp Sapth Thomas Moleneux, wilt thou faue mp life,
I doe make no such promise (sayeth he) but eptyer come bp
or I shall steight die for it. To who (he answered) suffer me
to come bp and let me fight eptyer with thylc or some other,
and dye like a man. As he came bp, the knight caught him
by the helmet, and plucked it off his heade, and freighte
wapes with hys dagger strucke hym into the braynes.

The Duke of Ireland fleeing, came to the riuer of Thamis,
and forced his horse to enter, in the which being made of an
horseman a swimmer, he gotte to the other side: his horse,
Helmet, gauntlets and hilt plate came to the share of the
Lords, so that he was thoughte long after to be dominated,
but he got over into Flaunders.

The Archbishopspe of Yorke fledde, and Robert Tresilian,
and Michael de la Pole got him to Caleis. The Lords being
returned from the battayle, which had bin nere to Burforde,
salt by Bablack, made great iop for the ouerthrowe of their
enemies, but muche lamented the escape of the Duke of
Ireland.

A heade of Earthe was made at Oxforde by Arte of pre-
gromancie, that at a time appointed, spake these words, Ca-
put decidetur. The head shall be cut off, Caput Elenabitur, The
heade shall be lift vp: Pedes eleuabuntur super caput, The feete
shall be lift aboue the heade.

Diffention fel at Oxford between the Sotherne and Welch
men, on the one parts, and Northerne Schollers on the other,
where through manye were slaine, and the more part went
to their Countryes, wherfore the Chauncellour was depar-
ued, and Docour Nicholas Brightwel Deane of Newerke in
Leicester was made Chancellor.

The Lords halked to London, where the king kepte hys

Ji. v.

Christmas

506

Richard the second.

Christmassa in the Tower of London, they having assembled an army of neare hande. 40000. the mozrowe after Christmas day came to London and mustered in the fields, where they might be scene of the in the Tower: the Londoners were then in great seare, waying dinnerse perils as the Kings displeasure, if they opened their gates to the Lords, and if they but them forth, the indignation of the undiscrete multitude. The Duke of Gloucester with other entred the Tower, and having a little falke with the King, they recited the conspiracy, whereby they had bin indited, and they were wed forthwith also the letters, which he had sente to the Duke of Ireland, that he shoulde assemble an armye to their distruction. etc. in the ende the King promised on the nexte mozrow to come to Westminster, and there to intreate at large for reformation of all matters.

In the morning the King came to Westminster, wher after a little falke, the Nobles satde that for his honour and commoditie of his Kingdome it was behouefull, that the traytours, whisperers, flatterers, and vnprofitable people were remoued out of place, and that other mighte be placed in the rooms, which when the King had graunted, they judged that Alexander Neuell Archbishopspe of York, John Forde Bishopspe of Durham, Frier Thomas Rufshoke the Kings Confessour Bishopspe of Chichester, shoulde be bannéd. They expulsed also the Lozde Souch of Haringworth, Burnel and of Beamount, Albery de Vere, Baldwin de Bereforde, Richard Aderburie, John Worth, Thomas Clifford, and John Louel knights, not as altogither dismissed but to appeare at the next Parliament: there were certain Ladies also expelled the Courte, as vnprofitable. They arreled Simon Burley, William Elmham, John Beauchamp of Holste steward of the kings house, John Salisbury, Thomas Treuget, James Barnes, Ni. Dagworth, and N. Brember Knightes. They toke also the Chaplens Richard Clifford, John Lincolne, Richard Mitforde & Nicholas Slake Deane of the kings Chapel, & John Blake an Aprentice of the lawe, all whyche

LWAB

Richard the Second.

507

was sent to diverse prisons.

The third day of February a Parliament was begun at Westminster, to which the Lords came with a sufficient number, of this Parliament continued until the seat of Parliament took. The first of February was Robert Trifilian Justice of the King's Bench, a Cornishman arested at Westminster, whether he had laine hid in sanctuary, and was the same day drawn from the Tower of London to Tiborne, and there, with a great adoe was hanged: consequently by judgement of the Lords, Nicholas Brembar Knight, was put to the like execution. After which John Salisbury, of James Barnes knights were by judgement of the Parliament drawn and hanged, then John Beauchampe of Holt, the Kings Steward, whome the King purposed to haue made Baron of Bridgenorth, was drawn and hanged. John Blake Esquire was hanged and drawne, and John Vske a Sergeaunt at arms was drawn and hanged. Lastly on the fifth of May, Sir Simo Burley, Lord Chamberlayne to the King, and Conestable of Douer, was beheaded, although the Earle of Darbie did what he could to saue him, for the which great diffention rose betwixt him and the Duke of Gloucester.

There was condemned also in the same Parliament these Justices, Roberte Belknape, John Holte, Roger Fulthorpe: and William Brough, John Lo&on, Richarde Graye, Justices, with the Lords before fledde, were all banished.

There was granted to the King, of the Cleargie half a
tenth, and of the Laytie half a fifteenth, and of the Marchats
twelve pence of the pounde, threethillings of the Tunne,
lig. thillings foure pence of the sack of Wool. The Duke of
Gloceſter and Sir John Cobham, asked pardon of the Abbot of
Westminſter, for violence done in ſanctuarie of Westminſter,
in the taking of the Justice Trifilian. The laſte ſaue one of
Map there were deliuered out of the Tower W. Elmhame,
T. Treuct, and Nicholas Dagworth, Knights. Also the first
of June, John Holand, the Kings brother, was created Erle
of Huntington.

The

508

Richard the Second.

The third of June, the king in the Church of Westmin-
ter renewed the othe, which he toke when he was crowned,
and all the Lozdes (ware homage and fealtie to him, and
all the Wilsoppes did excommunicate all those that would
go about to hinder the Statutes of this last Parliament, or
great Charter.

Anne reg. 12

A. ter Whitfontide Richarde Earle of Arundale, with a
companye of valiaunte men wente to the sea, and foughte
with certain ships of his enemies, taking ozowning, oz be-
ning. Ixxx. Whippes, he entred into the Ile of Beas, which he
spopled, and bzent.

The same yeare the Scottes prepared themselves that as
some as the truce was expired they mighte be readie to in-
uade the North parties, and with a great army entred Eng-
lande, committing gret slaughters of people and toke boties
in euery place, and ledde away manye prisoners, and bur-
ned Townes, and appoched to Newcastle upon Tyne, and
pitcht theyz Tentes not farre from thence. There was then
in the same Towne fir Henrie Percy the ponger, and Spz
Ralph his brother, both desirous of warlike renowne,
and soze enimies to the Scottes. Thys fir Henrie came
upon them on the sodayne, and all apyed them in the campe,
making greate slaughter of them: William Dougl's albo-
chiefe Captaine of the Scottes, beholding the thing that a
thousande times he hadde wisthed, that is, fir Henrie Percy
within his Campe, rydeth againste him, but was slayne by
the sayde Henrie, and then commeth the Earle of Dunbar
with an excessive number of Scottes, and toke the sayd Hen-
rie, with his brother Ralphe, slaying many Englishe menne
in that place: but yet the Scottes loffe manye of theyz belle
men.

Thys battayle was at Otterborne, the soarest kought that
euer was betwene Englishe menne and Scottes (sayth
Froyfert.)

The seauenth of September a Parliament was holden
at Cambridge, in whiche were neue Statutes ozdayned for
Servants,

Battaile at
Otterborne.
John Belandine.
John Maior.
T. Frofert, 1.
Ch. Rudborse.
Parliament at
Cambridge.

Richard the second.

ferauntes wages, for beggers, for weapons not to be bozit,
of playes or games none to be used but chotting, of the kaple
to be brought from Middleborow to Caleis, &c. and in the ende
a tenth of the Cleargie and a sixteenth of the Laytie.

Thomas Auftine: Adam Carlehul, the. 28.of September.

Sir Nicholas Twyforde Goldsmith, the. 28.of October.

Sherifes.

Maior.

The birth of October as Sir John Treuet rode wyth
the King to the kings lodging, whiche was at Bernewel, as
he forced his hozze two much with the spurres, the hozze fal-
leth and breaketh the inner parts of the rider, who lined tyl
the next day.

King Richard discharged the olde officers of his Courte,
and also his Counsellours, appointing other at his plea-
sure: he took the Seale from Thomas Arundale Archbishop
of Yorke, and delivere'd it to William Wickam Bythoppe of
Winchester, and made him Chauncellour : the Bithoppe of
Excester his Treasurer; and Edmund Stafford Kesper of the
prieie Seale.

A truce was graunted for three yeares betwirt Englande
and Fraunce.

A fighting among Gnats at the Kings maner of Shine,
where they were so thicke gathered, that the ayze was dark-
ned with them: they sought and made a great battaile. Two
partes of them being slayne, fel downe to the grounde, the
thirde part hauing got the victozie flew away, no ma knew
whether. The number of the deade was such, that mighte
bee swepte vppe wyth Besomes, and Bushels filled wyth
them.

Michael at Pole sometime Earle of Suffolk, and Chaun-
sellour of England deceased at Paris.

John Walcotte: John Loueney, the. 28.of September.

Sir William Vener, Grocer, the. 28.of October.

In the moneth of November, John Duke of Lancaster
came from the parties beponde the seas into Englande, after
he had abidden in Spaine and Gascoigne, three yeares in space,
who in Spaine first tasted great misfortunes, yet in the ende
brought

Anno reg. 13

Sherifes.

Maior.

Richard the second.

brought his matters to very good case, not with the koze of
men, but by the favour of God: so when he came first to his
partes of Spaine with an armee sufficient ynoughe, throug
wante of victualles, they first dyed through hunger, and al
ter through fire, so that 1000. famous knightes of hys ar
mye dyed miserably, the residue leauing the Duke, fled to
the French army.

King Richard with his Quæne Anne held their Chivalle
masse at Woodstocke, and the Duke of Lancaster in the Castle
of Hertforde. The same time John Hastings Earle of Per-
broke, as he was desirous to Just, he was broken about the
prinie partes, by the Knight that ranne against him, called
sir John Saint John, where he dyed.

In a Parliamente at London it was oیدapned that none
thoulde purchase prouisions at the Popes hands: ther was
graunted to the King. xL. thillings of euery sack of wool, and
of the pound fire pence. John Duke of Lancaster was made
Duke of Aquitaine, by the Wood and Bonet, which the King
gaue him, and Edward the Duke of Yorkes sonne was made
Earle of Rutlande, to whom the king gaue the Castell of O.

Anno reg. 14 kam.

A great Perstilence in the North parts of England, so that
in a little space a. 1100. were buried in the Citie of Torke.

A Merchant of Derimouth waged the Manie of Chips, of
the Ports, of his own charges, 34. Chips laden with Wine,
to the summe of. 1500. Tunne.

A wofull pariaunce rose in Oxferde, so the Welche and
Southerne Schollers assaulted the Noriherne, whereby many
murders were done on each side, and a fielde was appoin-
ted, but by helpe of the Duke of Glocester it was appealed,
and the Welch men bannifed.

John Francis: Thomas Viuent, the 28. of September.

Adam Bawme Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

The r. ri. and.rij. of October the King helde a grene
Courte at London, in the Bishops Palace and a grene iu-
King in Smithfield, to the Whyche Courte came many ilrate
gera

Sherifes.

Maior.

Richard the Second.

gers forth of Fraunce, Almain, Zealand, and many other parts,
bringing with them hordes and armour, in which paltimes
there was given first the Badge of the White Harte wyth
golden chaines and crownes. And upon Saint Edwardes day
the King helde his seaffe in his Regalibus, sitting crowned
at malle with his Scepter, etc. and likewise the Quœn, and
they sat likewise at the table at Kenington crowned, at which
solemnitie were presente the Earle of Sainte Paule, and hys
wyfe, sitter to the Kyng of Englande, and the Earle
of Ostreuaunt who was made knyghte of the Carter.

The Duke of Glocester toke hys iourney toward Spruys,
but being toffed with infoztunate kozes, dziven nowe hys-
ther, nowe thys ther, was so farre diffant of hope, that he dis-
payed of life, and at length after he had palled the Barba-
rous coates of Denmarke, Norway and Scotlande, he arriued in
Northumberlande, and came to the Calkel of Tinmouth where
hauing refreshed himselfe certain dayes, he toke his iourney
towards his maner of Plecy.

Such a moztalitie increased in Norfolkke, and many other
Countries, that it was not unlike to the greate pestilence,
within Yorke, there dyed a.rj.thousand persons.

The Citizens of London toke out of the Drphans chekke.
2000. markes to buye vidualles, and the. xriij. Aldermen
eache of them layde out twentie pounde to like purpose of
buying cozne, which was bestowed in diverse places, where
the poze mighte buye it at an appointed price, and suche as
lacked money to pay downe, put in suretie to pay in ½ ycare
following.

A Bleswer that diwelt at the sligne of the Cocke in West-
cheape by the little Conduite, neare unto Powles gate, was
murdered in the night time by a théeck that came in at a gut-
ter windowe, as it was knowne long after by the confession
of the same théecke, when he was at the Gallowes to bée
hanged for sellonie, but the Bleswers wife was firste biente
therefore, and théeck of his men dzawne to Tiborne and there
hanged wlongfully.

John

1291

Anno reg. 15

Richard the second.

John Chadworth: Henrie Vamer, the 28. of September.
Sir John Hinde Draper, the 28. of October.

A Parliament began at London on the Friday next after the feast of Al Saintes, wherin halfe a tenth by the Ceargie, and halfe a fiftieth by the Laitie was granted to the king, which mony should serue for the treatie to be had for peace with the French men, which treatie the Duke of Lancaster should prosecute.

King Richarde with Quene Anne his wife, soure Bo
choppes, as many Erles, the Duke of Yorke, many Lords,
and fiftène Ladyes, helde a roypall Christmasse at Langley
neare to Saint Albons. The same Christmasse day a Dol
phin came forth of the Sea and playde himfelfe in the Tha-
mis at London, to the Bridge, for shewing hapily the tempels
that were to follow within a wéeke after, the which being
fène of the Citizens and followed, was with much difficult
tie intercepted, and broughte againe to London, shewing a
spectacle to many, of the height of his bodye, for he was ten
foote in length. These Dolphins are fithes of the Sea, of fol
lowe the boyces of men, and reioyce in playing of instru-
mentes, and are wont to gather themfelves at muſicke.
These when they play in riuers, with haultie sptrings of
leapings, do signify Tempeſt to follow. The seas confaine
nothing more swift nor nimble, for oftentimes with theyz
skippes, they mount ouer the ſayles of chippes.

The King sent to the Londoners requesting to borrow some
of them one thousande pounde, which they skoutely demped,
and also euil entreated, bette and nere hand flew a certain
Lumbard that would have lent the King the sayde summe,
which when the King heard he was maruellously angried,
and calling to gither almost all the nobles of the lande, hee
opened to them the malitiousnesse of the Londoners, and co-
playned of theyz pietumption, the whyche noble men gave
counſell, that their insolencie should be with ſpée de oppre-
ſed, and theyz pride abated. By the Kings iudgement there-
foze was the Maioz of London and the Sheriles, with other

of

Sherifes. 2
Maior. 5

1392
Tho. Wallesing.

Richard the Second.

of the bell Citizens arrested, the Maioz was sente to Windsor
Cassel, and the other to other prisons, till the King with his
counsell should determine, what should be done with them,
and there it was determined, that from thence forth the Lon-
doners should not choose noz have anye Maioz, but that the
King should be appointe one of his Knightes to be ruler of
the Citie: their privileges were reuoked, their liberties
adnulled, and their lawes abrogated. The King then ap-
pointed to be Warden of the Citie a certayne Knighte
called Sir Edwarde de Dalingrige, but he was quicklie de-
posed by the King, because men said he favoured the Londo-
ners, and Baldwin Radinton was constituted in his place.
In the meane time, throughe the fute of certaine Knightes, but
specially of the Duke of Glouster, the King is somewhat pa-
cified, and by little and little abateth the rigour of his pur-
pose, calling to minde the diverse honours, and the greate
giftes he had receyued of the Londoners, whereupon he deter-
mineth to deale more mildly with them, and to call them
to some hope of grace and pardon, he sendeth commaunds-
ment to them to come to Windsor, there to the we their pri-
uledges, liberties and lawes, whyche being there they had
some of them were ratified and some condemned, but they
could not obtaine the Kings full favour, till they had satisfi-
fied the King of the injuries whiche was sayd they had done,
the King at this assembly at Windsor, hadde got together al-
most all the Lords, and so greate in army, that the Londo-
ners had cause to be afraid de therea, aboute the whiche pre-
paration he was at greate charges, for the whiche it was
sure that the Londoners muste pay. They therefore not igno-
raunte that the ende of these things was a money matter,
submitted themselves to the Kings pleasure, offering ten
thousand pound. They were yet dismissed home to returne
againe, uncertaine what satisfaction and sum they should
pay.

When the Citizens were returned, and that the nobles

R.R.

and

Anno reg. 16

514

Richarde the Second.

and other were gone home: the King hearing that the Londoners were in hauens, and dismayde, he sayde to his men, I will go (sayth he) to London, and comforke the Citizens, and will not that they any longer dispayze of my fauour, which sentence was no fomer knowne in the Citie but al menne were filled with incredible ioy, so that euery of them geneerally determined to meete him, and to be as liberal in gifts as they were at his coronation. The King therefore as he came from Shine in Surrey to London, with Quene Anne his wife. On the rei. of August, the principall Citizens rode to meete them at Wandesworth, and at Sainte Gorges Churche in Southwark, they were recevued with proceffion of Rob. Braybroke Bilhop of London, and all his Cleargie of the Citie, who conuaped him through London, the Citizens, men wemen and children in order meeting the King, and doing him honoſ, attended on him to Westminſter. As he paſſed the Citie the Strætes were hanged with cloth of golde ſiluer and filke. The Conduite in Chepe ran with red & white Wine, and by a childe Angel-like he was preſented with a very costly crowne of golde, and the Quene with another. A table of the Trinitie of gold was giuen to the King, baſued worth eight hundred pounde, and another to the quiene of Saint Anne, bycause his name was Anne, with diverse other giftes, as hozelles, frappers, plate of golde and filuer, clothes of gold, filke, beluets, Baſons and Ewers of gold, also golde in copne, precious kones, and iewels, so rich, er cellent, and beautifull, that the value and price mighte not well be effæmed, and so the Citizens recovered their auntieſt cultomes and liberties, and then the kings Bench from Yorke, and the Chauncerie from Notingham, was returned to London. And it was granted to them that they might choose them a Paio; as before time they had done. The Londoners belieued y by these giftes they had eſcaped all danger, and that from thence forth they should be quiet, but they wer deereuied, for they wer cōpelled to giue thek after this 10000, pound, collected of the commones in gret bitternesse of minde, and:

Richard the second.

and so the troubles of ſome Citizens came to quietneſt, which
trouble the Dolphin in Thomis at Christmasse laſte day did
happily signifie a far off. W. Caxton & Robert Fabian report
these troubles to happen through a ſray in Fleetſreete, about
an hozſſe loaſe taken out of a Bakers basket, by a yeoman
of the Bishop of Saliſburies, and that the ſame troubles were
pacified, and liberties agains reſtoſed by meanes of Richard
Grauesend Bishop of London, in rewarde wherof the Citizeſs
repaire to the place of burial in the midle Ile of Saint Pauls
Church etc. but all that is untrue, ſoſ at this time Rob. Bra-
broke was Bishop of London, and Richard Grauesend had bin
Bishop, and deceaſed in the time of Edward the firſt, in An-
no. 1303, almoſt 90. years before this time. Moreover the
place of burial in Saint Paules, whereon to the Iaioz and Ci-
tizeſs of London haue repaſſed, is of William, who was Bi-
shop of London in the time of William Conqueror, who pur-
chafed the firſt Charter of the ſaide king William, ſoſ ſame
Citie as I hane before declared.

Gilbert Maghſelde: Thomas Newington, the. 28.of Sep.
Sir William Stoudon Grocer, the. 28.of October.

Sherifes. 2
Maior. 2

Albeit Vere was created Erle of Oxforde, in a Parliamét
at Wincheste, and William Scrope Uizechamberlaine, the
ſante William Scrope bought of William Mountacute Erle
of Saliſburie the Ile of Man, with the crowne, ſoſ the Loode of
this Ile is called king, and it is lawful ſoſ him to be crow-
ned with a crowne of Golde: fir John Euers Knighte Cone-
ſtable of Douer, and the Kings ſkewarde died ſodainely, and
T. Percy brother to the C.of Northum. was made the kings
ſkeward in his place ſ was before the kings underchamber-
laine. T. Beamond was made Coneſtable of Douer. Certain
thæues brake into the Chappel of our Lady at the Deowe at
Westminde, & toke out of it many iewels & muche treaſure.
Also shortly after ſame thæues brake into ſ Church of S.
John of Clerkenwel. The dukes of Lanc. & Gloceſter palled ouer
into France, to make somewhat of ſ truce, or to conclude a ſſ-
nal peace betwixt ſ kingdoms: but it was not so brought to
palle

Rk. y.

1393

Anno reg. 17

516

Richard the Second.

passe, as it was wished, by reason of the French Kings ficks
nelle.

In September, lightnings and thunders, in manye pla-
ces of England did much hurte, but especiallye in Cambridge-
shire, the same brent houses and cozne neare to Tolleworke, &
in the towne it brent terribly.

Drewe Barentine: Richard Whittington, the. 28. of Sep.
Sir Iohn Hadley Grocer, the. 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

1394

Such abundance of water fell in October, that at Bury
in Suffolk, the Church was ful of Water, and at Newmarket
it bare down wals of houles, so that men and women hard
ly estaped drowning. The same peare Lozde T. de Ros,
as he returned forth of the Holy Lande, in the Citie of Paphos
in the Isle of Cipres, through intemperauncie of the apre de
parted this life there. In the Octaues of S. Hallerie, a Par-
liament was holden at London, in whiche a subsidie was de-
maunded for the King that was minded to go into Irelande,
wherefoze the Cleargie graunted to him a full tenth if he
would passe thyther, and if he went not, they graunted him
but halfe a tenth. Certaine Lozdes of Scotlande came into
England to get worship by force of armes. The erle of Marre
challenged the Earle of Notingham, to iust with him, and so
they rode togither certaine courses, but not the ful chalége,
for the Earle of Marre was calf both hozze and man, and two
of his ribbes broken with the fall, so that he was bozne out
of Smithfielde, and conuaped towarde Scotlande, but died by
the way at Yorke. Sir William Darrel Knight, & Kings Bä-
ner bearer of Scotland, challéged his Pierce Courtney knight
the kings Banner-bearer of Englande, and when they had rü
certain courses, they gane ouer without conclusiò of vicozy.
Then Cockborne Esquire of Scotland challenged his Nicho-
las Hawberke Knight, to rode v. courses, but Cockborn was
bozne ouer hozze and man. The seauenth of June Quæne

Anne dyed at Shine in Southerie, and was buried at Westmin-
Her. The L. toke hir death so heauily, that beſides cursing
the place where she dyed, he did also foz anger thizow down.

Anno reg. 18

the

Richard the Second.

the buildings, unto the whiche the former Kings beyng
swearyed of the Citie, were wonte for pleasure to re-
forte.

Abont the moneth of Auguske proclamation was made
that all Irishmen shoulde auoyde the realme and gette them
home befoze the keast of the nauntie of our Lady, on pain of
life.

William Bramstone: Thomas Knowles, the. 28. of Sept.

Sir John Froysh Mercer, the. 28. of October,

Sherifes.

Major.

King Richard went ouer into Ireland, and of Duke of Glo-
cester with him, and the Earles of March, Notingham and
Rutlande. The Irish men being afrayde of suche preparation
as was made, durst not thewe themselves openly, but with
secrete affaultings they often troubled the Kings army, yet
when the Englishmen pzeuapled, many Lords of the land sub-
mitted themselves to the King, of which some the Kyng
helde wyth hym, leaffe they shoulde attempte some new
kyzre.

The King helde his Christmasse at Dublin in Irelande, after that keast held a Parliament there also the same time the Lord Warden of England called a Parliamèt at London, to the which came (being sent forth of Ireland) the Duke of Glocester, the which befoze al the states they wed the Kings næd, who had now spent his treasure amongst the Irishme, so that a tenth was granted by the Cleargie, and a fiftieth by the Laytie. This vobage being chargeable to the King, came to small effect, for after Easter he was forced to returne again into England, to appease certaine troubles, begon by sir Rycharde Sturry, sir Thomas Latimer, sir Lewes Clifforde, syz John Montacute and other.

1395

This peare England suffered great loffe by Pirates, of þ
Quæne of Denmarke, who spoyled Marriners & Merchats,
especially the men of Norffolke that assembled a multitude
togither, & toke oppon them to fight with them, but the eni-
mies pzeuapling, many of them were slaine, and bere mas-
np taken prisoners, were reserued to grieuous redemption,

Bk. if.

with

Anno reg. 19

518

Richard the second.

with louse of twentie thousande poundes, which they had a
boode with them to make their merchandice.

Roger Elles: William Sherington, the. 28. of September.

Sir William More Vintener, the. 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

In the month of November King Richard caused the bo-
dy of his deare friend Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland, to be
brought from Louaine, & after to be buried in the priogie of
Colne in Essex, with solemn funerals, which he honored with
his presence, & causing the Coffen of Cipres, wherein his bo-
dy being embalmed lay to be opened, yet he might behold his
face, & touch him with his fingers openly chewing the louse
to the dead carkasse, which he ought to it being alive. John
Duke of Lancaster, to whom the K. had given the Duchie of
Aquitaine, when he nowe had laide forth an estimable sum
of treasure in those parties, to purchase the good wills of those
Countreymen, & should haue his desire, he was sodainelys
called home by the K. who returning into England came to
Langley, where the K. held his Christmasse, & was receyed
of the K. with honoz, after taking his leane of the Courte he
made half to Lincolne, where he toke to wife Katheren Swin-
ford. This peare according to the couenant before made &
effabilhed betwixt the kings of England & Fraunce, the layde
Kings mette at the place by Caleis which was appointed for
them to talke in, wher they concluded a peace, toke a corporal othe, to perſoone the fame. And K. Richard toke to wpele
Isabel the little daughter of the French king, being but ſeven
oz eight peares old. In a Parliament at Westminſter, Ro-
bert Bolgnope, John Holt, William Brough Knightes of the
Bathe, were revoked out of Ireland and pardoned, these wet
men of law and Judges.

1206

Anno reg. 20

Thomas Wilford: William Parker, the, 28. of Septem.

Sir Adam Bawme Goldsmith, the. 28. of October.

And Richard Whittington the birth of June.

Sherifes.
Maior.

The tenth of November, the K. was married at Caleis to
great Solemnity, & shortly after returned into England. The
rity of November the quicne came to London through Southwark.

warke.

Richard the Second.

519

1397

warke, & such a multitude of people went to fe hir, that upon
Lond. bridge nine persons were crowded to death, of whom ³⁄₂
Prizor of Tiptor in Essex was one, & a worshipfull matrone of
Cornehil was another. After Chrismasse a Parliamét was
holden at Lond. in which the D. of Lancaster caused his issue
which he had by Katheren Swinford, to be made legitimate.
Also Thomas Son of the D. of Lancaster & the said Katheren,
was created C. of Somerset, the D. gaue him to surname Bel-
lo Fortie ²⁄₂ Bewfort. There was graunted to the L. halfe a
tenth by the Cleargie. This peare when the realme of Eng-
land seemed to iniop the chiefest peace ³⁄₂ might be, by reason
of the Kings marriage, & the great riches ³⁄₂ were heaped vp
togither by the same, & by the reason of ³⁄₂ truce of. ³⁰. yeares
effabliethed & the presence of so many noble men as ³⁄₂ like no
fozrain realme was able to shew, sodainely all things were
troubled and brought into a furmoyle, whiles the King at
Plashy in Essex, upon a sodaine toke his uncle the D. of Glo-
by force of armes, he suspecting no such thing, & caused hym
to be conueyed to Caleis, there to be kept in prison, and cau-
sed the Earle of Warwicke to be arreted and impisoned, the
same day that he had bidded him to dinner, notwithstanding
that he shewed him very good countenance, and had pzo mi-
sed him great friend ship, beside that he deceivèd the C. of A-
rundale, to faire words, (who was wel able to haue defended
himself, & to haue deliuered his friends, the D. of Glocester &
the C. of Warwick,) who notwithstanding he yélded himself
quietly, he sent him to the Ale of Wight, there to be impiso-
ned until ³⁄₂ Parliament. And to ³⁄₂ end there should be no co-
motion among ³⁄₂ commoners so the impisoning of the nobles
he caused to be proclaymed ³⁄₂ the apprehension of them, was
not so any old displeasure, but soz nev transgressions com-
mitted against ³⁄₂ k. chortly after he caused ³⁄₂ said nobles to be
indited at Notinghã, & suborned such as hold appeach the in
the next Parliament, to wit Ed Erle of Rutland, T. Mouve-
ry, C. Marshal, Tho. Holland C. of Kent, Iohn Holland Erle
of Huntington, Tho. Bewford Erle of Somerset, I. Mountacute

Anno reg. 21

Bk iiii.

Earle

Richard the second.

Earle of Salisburie, and Thomas Spencer, &c. William Scrope,
the Kings Chamberlainne. And in mean þ season the Lyng
assembled togither to guarde his parson, many malefactors
of the Countie of Chester which kept watch and warde both
day and night about him. Then the L. caused a greate and
generall Parliament to be summoned at Westminster when
he caused a great Hall to be builded in the midft of the Pal-
laice betwirte the Clocke tower, and the doze of the greate
Hall. This Parliament began aboute the fifteenth of Sep-
tember, at the beginning whereof Edwarde Staffordre By-
hop of Excester L. chanceller, made a proposition to sermo,
in the which he affirmed that the power of the L. was alone
and perfect of it self, & those that impeached it were wozhye
to suffer pain of the law: to this Parliament al the Nobles
came with their retinue in armes, for seare of the King: the
pzelocutours were Knights, in whô no goodnesse at al could
be found, but a natural couetoustelle, insatiable ambition,
infollerable pize, and hatred of the truth, their names wer
John Bushy, William Bagot, and Thomas Grene. These re-
quired chiefly to haue the Charters of pardons reuoked:
diffanulled: and Bushy sayde to the L. by cause we are char-
ged to say what they be that haue committed any offence a-
gainst your maiestie, & regall authoritie, we saye that Tho-
duke of Glocester & Richard C. of Arundale, in the vertiue
of your raigne, haue trayerously compelled you, by mean of
the new Archbishop of Canterbury then Lord Chancellor,
to graunt to them a commission to gouerne your Realme,
and to dispose of the state thereof, to the pzeiudice of youre
maiestie and royaltie. The same dave was that commission
diffanulled with all Articles dependyng thereupon. Also
the generall pardon graunted after the greate Parliament
by them procured, and one speciall pardon for the Erle
of Arundale were reuoked.

Also there was a petition made by þ commons, I. Bushy
speaking for them, that the generall pardon procured and
gotte for the, the Archebyskoppe of Canterbury then Lord

Chauncele.

Theo. W. als.

Richard the Second.

Chancello: procuring it should be disanulled, and he to be
judged a Trayto: so: granting to it, whereupon the Archbi-
shop rose and would haue answered, but the King layde, so
morrow to morrow, but he came not into the Parliament
house againe: the King laid, that he would deliberate of the
commons petition.

Also it was established, that any Trayto: convicted, to
stand against the Kings regalitie, should be adiudged woz-
thie to suffer punition to be appoynted so: such offence.

Also it was enacted, that criminall causes from thence,
forth should be determined in euery Parliament, and then
licence being had to depart, a great fire was made as is
used, whereupon the Kings Archers, in number four thou-
sand, compassed the Parliament house, thinking there had
bin in the house some hzople or fighting, with their bowes
bent, their arrowes set in them, and drawing, readie to
thoke, to the terror of all that were there, but the King
here with comming, pacified them. On the next day, the
Dzelates were intoyned, upon payne of losing their tempo-
ralities, that they should the same day agræ upon some pro-
curate, to consent in their names to al things in that Par-
liament to be dispatched, and the King had these words: Sir
John Bushy, by cause many desire that I would erplane the
fiftie persons erempted in your general pardon, I wil brieſely,
that what man soever desireth this, is worthie of death :
first, because he fleeth: secondly, because I haue ercepted thole
that are to be impeached in this Parliament: thirdly, by-
cause other of their affociates hearing the oppressed, would
be afraide where no keare is. On the next day, the Archbi-
shop of Canterbury commeth to the palace to appeare in the
Parliament, but the King commanded him by the Bishop
of Carelie, that he shoulde returne to his house, and from
thence forth he appeared not. The Dzelates made Tho-
mas Percy the Kings Stelward of household, their procura-
tor, to consent in all things in this Parliament to be done.
Also Sir John Bushy had these words, our Soueraigne Lord

Bk.b.

the

522

Richard the Second.

the King, by cause the second Article in the Parliament is
for punishment to be appoynted for suche as violate the
Kings roppall authoizitie, I beseech your grace that you will
authoize me by way of appealing, of accusing, or impea-
ching, with licence to make declaration from one to the rest
so often and when to me and to my fellowes it may seeme
erpedient, and it was graunted, then Bushy had these
words: I accuse Thomas of Arundell, Archbishop of Can-
terbury, of thzéefold treason.

First, of the commission in granting the regiment of go-
ernement of the Realme to Thomas Duke of Glocester,
and to Richard Earle of Arundell at his infance, who ra-
ther by cause he was your Chancellor, should haue resu-
fed it.

Secondly, for that under preferit of that trayferous com-
mission, they trayferouſly vſurping the iurisdiction of your
regalitie, of roppall authoizitie, held a Solemne Parliament
trayferouſlie in preiudice of your regalitie.

Thirdly, because that by the sayde trayferous blu-
ping, Sir Simon de Burley, and Sir James Barnes Knightes,
and faithfull lieges to you, were trayferouſlie murthered,
and put to death, of which things, we your commons de-
maund iudgement, wozrthie of so high treason, to be feribly
pronounced by you, and by cause the Archbishop is a man
of great consanguinitie, affinitie, power, and moſt politike
witte, and cruell nature, for the pzeferuation of your-
state, and the whole Kingdomes, by the petition of this
present Parliament, I require that he may be put into safe-
custody, vntill the finall execution of his iudgemente.

The King heerevnto answered, that for the excellence
of his dignitie he would take deliberation till the next mo-
row, and all other that were put into the same commission,
he pronounced them to be his faithfull liege people, and
beyond from that treason, and especially Alexander Nevell,
late Archbishop of Yorke, and then Sir Edmond of Langley,
Duke of Yorke, Tinkle to the King, and Sir William Wike-

ham

Richard the Second.

Richard the Second.

Ham Bishop of Winchester, that were put into the same com-
mission, with teares fell downe on the ground before the
King, and gave him humble thanks for that grace and be-
nefite beforowed on them.

Also on Saint Mathewes day, the Earle of Rutland, the
Earles of Kent, Huntington, Notingham, Somerset, and Salisbur-
rie, with the Lozdes Spencer and Scrope, in a suite of redde
Gownes of Silke garded, and bordered with white Silke,
and embodered with Letters of Golde, proponed the ap-
peale by them to the King at Notingham, before set foarthe,
in the which, they accused Thomas Duke of Gloceſter, Ri-
chard Earle of Arundell, Thomas Earle of Warwike, and
Thomas de Mortimere, Knight of the premised treasons,
and of an armed insurrection at Haringey Parke, trapte-
rouſlie attempted againſt the King, and putting in ſure-
ties for the p[ro]ſecuting of their appeale. Richarde Earle
of Arundell was arreigned in a redde Gowne, and a Scar-
let whoſd, and forſtwith the Duke of Lancaster ſayde to the
Lozde Neuell, take from him hys girdle and whoſde, and
ſo it was done, and h[are]with the Articles of appeale bee-
ing to the ſayde Earle declared, with a valiaunt and a
holde mynde, h[ae] denied that h[ae] was a Traytoz, and re-
quired the benefite of the pardon, p[ro]teſting that he would
not goe from the favour of the King and his grace. The
Duke of Lancaster ſayde to him, thou Traytoz, that par-
don is renoked. The Earle anſwered, truely thou lpeſt, I
was neuer Traytoz. Also, the Duke of Lancaster ſayde,
who[ver] diddeſt thou purchase thy pardon, the Earle anſwe-
red, to eſcape the tongues of myne enimies, of whome
thou arte one, and berily, as farre forſt as toucheth
Treason, thou haſt moſt ne[ed]e of pardon than I. The
King ſayde, make anſwere vnto thyne appeale. The
Earle anſwered, I ſee well that these persons haue accu-
ſed me of Treason, th[ew]ing the appealementes, but true-
ly, they all lye, I was neuer Traytoz, but I aſſe alwayes
the benetyte of my pardon, the whythe youre. Grace
granted.

granted.

Richard the second.

granted to me within these fire yeares now laſt paſt, being
of full age, and of your krancke god will and proper moti-
on. Then ſayd the King, I did so grant it that it ſhould not
be againſt me : then ſayde the Duke of Lancaster, then the
graunt anapleth not. The Erle anſWERED, truly of that paſ-
son I know leſſe than thy ſelſe, that was then on the ſur-
ther ſide the Seas. Then ſaid Sir John Bulby, that pardon
is renoked by the King, the Loſdes, and vs his faithfull
people: the Erle anſWERED, where be those faithful people?
I know the well and thy company, how we are gathered
together, not to deale faithfully, for the faithful people of the
Realme are not here, and therefore the people do lamente
for me, and well I know that thou haſt bin euer false. And
then Bulby and his ſellowes cried out, Behold Soueraigne
Loſd and King, how this Traptoſ gſeth about to reſe ſe-
dition betwirt vs, and those people that are at home. The
Carle anſWERED, ye lye, I am no Traptoſ. Then roſe the
Carle of Darby and ſayde, didſt not thou ſay thus to me at
Huntington, where we were first assembled together to rife,
that it was the belt aſoſe all things to take the King. The
Carle ſayd to the Carle of Darby, thou lyeſt on thy head, I
neuer thought of my Soueraigne Loſde the King, but that
that was god, and for his honor. Then ſayd the King, didſt
not thou ſay to me in time of thy Parliament, in the Bath
behinde the White Hall, that Sir Simon de Burley was wor-
thie of death for many cauſes, and I anſWERED, that I knew
no cauſe of death in him, and yet thou and thy ſellowes didſt
trayterouſlie put him to death, and then the Duke of Lanca-
ſter pronounced iudgement againſt him in this manner: Ri-
chard, I John, Steward of England, iudge thee to be a Tray-
toſ, and I condemne thee to be drawne and hanged, to be be-
headed and quartered, and thy lands, tailed and not tailed,
from thee and from thine heires of thy body descending, to
be confiſcate: then the King for unreuerence of his bloud, com-
manded him only to be beheaded, and then was he ledde to
the Tower hill, and there beheaded, and was buried at the

auguo

Richard the second.

Augustine Friars in London. Also the same day, the King
appointed the Lord Cobham (accused by the commons) to
be arraigned. Also upon the Saturday, Sir Thomas de
Mortimer was summoned, upon payne to be banisbed as a
Traytoz, within fire moneths to come to be tried in iudge-
ment : and then saide the King, peraduenture the Earle of
March can not take him, and therefoze I will so long stay
for his certificate out of Ireland.

Also, a declaration was made, that all benefices or gifts,
granted or alienated by those that were already condem-
ned, or after were to be condemned in this Parliament,
and other whatsoever, graunted sith the tenth yeare of this
Kings raigne, should be reuoked. Also, on Monday
following, the certificate giuen in of the Earle of Noting-
ham, then Captayne of Caleis, in whose custodie the Duke
of Glocester was, that the same Duke might not be brought
to be tried in iudgement, bycause he was dead in his custo-
die at Caleis : at the petition yet of the saide appellents, the
same sentence was pronounced against him, which had bin
pronounced earst against the Earle of Arundell.

Also, the Archbishop of Canterbury, first his temporarities
being confiscated, was banisbed the Realme. On the Tues-
day, Rikell, on of the Kings Justices, bozne in Ireland, read
certayne confessions drawne in writing upon the said trea-
sons put forth, affirming, that the same were the confessions
of the said Duke, by him put forth or disconuered, and writ-
ten with his owne hand.

Also, the Earledome of Chester was advanced to the ho-
nor of a Duchie, by annering thereto the Lands of the sayd
Earle of Arundell confiscate.

Also the same day, the Earle of Salisburie made request
to haue a Scire facias graunted to him against the Earle of
March, for the Lordship of Denbigh in Wales, and the King
answered therebpon that he would take deliberation. Also
on the Wednesday, it was ordeyned, that the Lands of the
sayde Earle of Arundell, annered to the Duchte of Chester,

should

526

Richard the second.

Should enjoy the liberties of the same Duchess, excepted
that to the Welchmen of those parties, their old Lawes and
customes should still remapne, and be continued.

Also, it was ordeyned, that such as gave eyther counsell,
apde, or fauour to the children of them that were condemn-
ed, or that should be condemned in this Parliamente,
should be punished as Traptozs.

On Friday, the King appoynted a preffred day to the
Archbishop of Canterbury, to wæte, the third of the first wæcke,
to depart the Realme.

Also it was ordeyned, that all the Lords Spiritual and
Tempozall, should weare inuiolably to obserue whatsoe-
uer in this Parliament were enacted, and that the cen-
sures of the Church should be pronounced by the Prelates
against all those that should go against the same.

Also, the Earle of Warwike was arreigned, and his whod
being taken off, and the appeale read, as he had bin some
miserable old woman, confessed all things conteyned in the
appeale, wæping, wayling, and howling, to be done trapte-
rouslly by him, and submitting himselse to the Kings grace
in all things, sozowing that euer he had bin associate vnto
the appellants. Then the King demanded of him by
whome he was allured to iopne with them, and he anfwe-
red, by Thomas Duke of Glocester, and the Abbot of Saint
Albons, and a Monke recluse in Westminster, and euer be-
sought the King of grace and mercie, and the King granted
him life to be led in perpetuall prizion out of the Realme,
his godes mouveable and unmouveable to be confiscate, as
the Earle of Arundels had bin, and the King commanded
that he should be had to the Tower of London, and after, to be
connuayde ouer to the Caffell within the Isle of Man, under
the wardship of William Scrope, then Lord of the sayd Isle,
to remapne there in perpetuall prizion, and on the mozrow,
the King granted to him e his wife five C. Markes yearely
during their lives. Also, the writ of Scire facias was granted
to the Earle of Salisburie, against the Earle of March, for the

cayd

Richard the second.

SAYD LORDSHIP of Denbigh, a fiftiene dayes respite being given to put in an answer. JTEM, it was ODEPNED, that those which ought monep to Rochester Bridge, should be put in execu tion for the payment, to the use of the same Bridge.

Also, Henry Bolenbroke Earle of Derby, sonne and heire of John of Gaunt D. of Lancaster, was created D. of Hereford. Edward Earle of Rutland, was created Duke of Aumarle. Thomas Earle of Kent, Duke of Surrey, the Earle of Nottingham, Duke of Norffolke. John Earle of Huntington, Duke of Excester. John Earle of Somerset, Marques of Dozlet. Thomas Loode Spencer, Earle of Glocester. The Loode Neuell Earle of Westmerland. Thomas Percy Earle of Worcester. William Scrope, L. Treasurer, Earle of Wiltshire. Sir John Mountagew, Earle of Salisburie. The L. added the armes of R. Edward the Confessor to his, & bare them togither part for pale, and then the Parliament was proroged till the occurrents of S. Hillary, then to be holden at Shrewsbury.
Dukes created,

John Woodcocke: William Askam, the 28.of Septemb.
Sir Richard Whitington Mercer, the 28.of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.
V Westminister
Hall repaire d.

KING Richard caused the great Hall at Westminster to be repaired, both the walles, windowes, and ruffe, with a maruellous wozke, and great coffes, whiche he levied of Strangers banithed out of their Countreys, who obteyned licence to remayne in this Courtrey, by the Kings Charter which they had purchased with great sommes of money.

KING Richard kept his Christmas at Llechfield, and then koke his journey towardes Shrewsbury, where the Parliament lately proroged, began againe, in the which it was ODEPNED, that all Statutes ODEPNED at Westminister in the rj. yeare of Y. Kings raigne, should be reuoked & disanulled, & al Y articles of the same, and the heires of the that were adjudged in Y. said Parliament, should be recociled, and reffored to all their lands, inheritances, & posessions: excepted, Y they should have no clape me against the with holders of the proffites, and revenues of those lands in the meane time. On the morrow it was ODEPNED that the heires of them whiche were judged and conuicced in the soure Articles

of

Richard the second.

of high treason, should not enjoy the lands, nor any position of their progenitors, but should be excluded from all and every action and claymore so ever.

The first Article of high treason was this, if any man, of what condition he were, did imagin the kings death.

The second Article was, if any man should have any imagination to depose the King.

The third, if any man did ride armed within the realm of England, in manner of warre against the King.

The fourth was, if any man disclaymed of the kings homage.

Also the same day, the Lord Cobham was arraigned, to make answers unto two Articles of high treason.

The first was, that he, the sayde Lozde Cobham was in counsel to make one commission against the state of the King, and likewise, that he used the same commission in doing judgement against the Kings will, and to the pretence of him.

The seconde, that he, the state in judgement to judge Sir Simon de Burley, and James Barnes, knightes of the kings, in his absence, and against his will; and upon this, he was co-act and adjudged to perpetuall prison within the Isle of Jersey.

On the morrow, Henry Duke of Hereford accused Thomas Mowbray Duke of Norffolke, of certaine words by him spoken, as they rode betweene London and Brayneford, tendering to the diethonoz of the Kings person, which the Duke of Norffolke bitterly denayd to have spoken, whereupon, a Combate was granted them by the King to be fought at Coentry, upon the seauenteenth of September.

A fiftieth and a halse was granted, and the cullomes of Wolles, Aktie Shillings of euery Sacke of euery Englishman bozne, and thze pound of euery Stranger.

This Parliament ended, the King visited many places in the Weale part of England, as Worcester, Hereford, Britton, and other places, to wæte, Glastonbury, and Bath.

After this also, the King caused a Theatre to be made at Bristol, so a Combate to be fought between two Scotts, to wæte,

The Duke of Hereford accused the Duke of Norfolke.

A Combate is granted.

Annoreg. 22

Richard the second.

wæte, the one being an Esquire appellant, and the other a
Knight defendant, and the appellant was overcome and
banged: but after this time, he made a great and maruel-
lous strong Theatre at Couentrie so the Combate betwirte
the Duke of Hereford, and the Duke of Norffolke, and gave
them day so the fight, the sixteenth of September, to wæte,
the feast day of Saint Edith, at which day and place, a great
concourse and assemblage of people was there gathered out of
all partes of Englande. When the layde Champions ap-
peared in the Liffes, readie to fighte, the King command-
ded them to be quiet and not to fight, and then the Kyng
 sitting in hys rowall apparell within his Tente girt with
his Sworde, hæe commanded hys decree to bée proclay-
med, and thys was the Kings decree, that Henry Duke
of Hereford, so hys disobedience towardes the King,
thoulde bée banished so tenne yeares, and likewise the
Duke of Norffolke to be banished so euer out of England, ta-
king of his reuennues a thousand Markes by yeare, till the
Towne of Caleis were repaired.

Dukes bani-
shed.

John Wade: John Warner, the 28. of September.

Sherifes.

Sir Drew Barrentine, Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

Maior.

At the feast of Saint Michaell, the King caused seauen-
teene Counties in East England to bée indited, and layde to
theyz charges, that they had bin agaynste him, with the
Duke of Glocester, the Earles of Arundell and. Warwike,
wherefore, hæe senfe honourable men to induce the Lozds,
both Spirituali and Tempozall, to make a submission by
writing, sealed with theyz owne handles, acknowledging
themselues to bée Traptozs to the King, though they ne-
uer offended him in wozd oمد. Mozeoner, he compel-
led all the Religious Gentlemen and commons, to let
their Seales to blanckes, to the ende he might as it plea-
sed him oppzesse them feuerally, o2 all at once: some of the
commons payde a thousande Markes, some a thousande
pounde etc.

Blancke Char-
ters.

Also, he o2deyned through every Province in Englande,

that

Richard the Second.

that all Gentlemen, and me of substance, should be twozne
firmely to mayntepne according to their possible power, and
the Statutes, Articles, and Constitutions ordempned in the
last Parliament.

On Newpeares day, nere vnto Bedforde, a very dæpe
water which ranne betwirt the Townes of Swellstone, and
Harleswode, llode sodainly still, and deuided it selfe, so that
by the space of threé miles, the bokome remained drie, which
wonder, many one thought, did signifie the devision of the
people, and falling away from the King, whiche hapned
shortly after.

Roger Mortimeres Carle of March, and of Vlstar in Ire-
land, lying there in a Castel of his, there came on him a great
multitude of wilde Irishmen to assaple him, and he iffuing
out, sought manfully, till he was by them hewn to pieces,
whose death the King determined to revenge.

About Candlemas, dyed John of Gaunt D. of Lancaster,
at the Bishop of Elyes Anne, in Holborne by London, and was
honourably buried in S. Paules Church at London, his sonne
Henry Duke of Hereford being then beyond the seas.

About Whitsonside, King Richard with a Maude of 200,
Ships, sayled from Milford Haven, towards Ireland, and ar-
riued at Waterford on the last day of May, from whence he
marched with his armie of thirtie thousandde, to Kilkenny,
fourestore miles within the Countrey, and there remayned
viiij. dayes, tarping for Edward Duke of Anmarle. On Pld-
sommer euen he went from thence toward Mackenore, who
remayned amongst the woods with 3000 më, right hardy,
and such as ſeemed but little to feare the Englishmen. At the
entring of the woods, the King commanded fires to be uſed,
so that many a house, and many a village was hent, &c. there
the King made the Duke of Herefords ſonne Knight, with
ten other. 2500 Pioners were appoypted to fell the woods,
and make wayes for 3 Englishmen. The Irishmen feared great-
ly the shot of the Englishmen, but yet with their Dartes they
assapled, and flewe diners as they caught them at aduano-
tage.

Uncustomed
Hhes.

Earle of March
flaine in Ireland.
Cro. Pet. Colledge.
Wil. Wilium.

Duke of Lan-
caster deceased.
1399

King Richard
sayled into
Ireland.

Annoreg. 23

Richard the second.

531

tage. The Ankle of Mackmore came in and þolded him-
felse to the King, with a withie about his necke, and many
other naked and bare legged, did the like, all which, the
King pardoned. After this, the King sente to Mackmore,
promising him, that if he would come in as his Ankle had
done, with the withie about his necke, he should be pardo-
ned: but he utterly refusing, sayd, he would fight to death in
defending his right, for he knew the Englishmen wanted vi-
ctualles, and more than they had brought with them could
not be bought for Gold or Silver. There was already such
scareitie, that there were some four, some five, that had but
a small loke of bread to line by the day, and some that eate
not a grayne in kue daves togither. The King therefore
departed the 28. day of June, toward Dinelin, at what time
Mackmore sent a beggar, with notice to the King, that he
would be his friend, and alke him mercy, or else, if it pleased
him to treate of peace, to send some noble me to him: wher-
upon the Earle of Gloucester was sent, who led with him the
reregard wherof he was captapne, being two C. Lances, and
a W. Archers: betwixt two woods karre from the Sea they
mette with the Irish. Mackmore himselfe rode on a white
Horse, without saddle or other furniture, that cost him (as
was sayde) soure hundred Rowes, whiche Horse he ranne
downe the hill, that the beholders reported they neuer had
sene Hare nor DERE to haue runne so swifely. In his
righte hande he bare a Darte greate and long, whiche he
themselves exceeding well. He was a mightie strong man of
personage. There the Earle and he talked a good whyle,
aboute the murthering of the Earle of March, and after
of other thynges, but alke they could not, and so depar-
ted.

The Vnkle of
Mackmore
submitted to
King Richard.

Mackmore's
good horseman.

The Earle aduertised the King what he had soð, which
was nothing, but that the enimie would e crie mercie, so as
he might be sure to haue peace without other griefe, other-
wise, he would (so long as he liued) defend himselfe: where-
foze, the King (in his wrazh) not knowing what lette

Al.ij.

might

532

Richard the Second.

might happen, aware, that he would neuer depart Ireland,
till he had him eyther alive or dead. The holt dislodged so
lacke of victualles, they were a thirtie thousande at their
tomming ouer, that lay then at Dinelin, sixtene daves, the
King forthwith deuiding his armie into threee partes, sente
them out to seeke Mackenore, promising an hundreth
Markes to him that could bring him in, which offer was
well hearkened unto, so it founded well, but he could not
be caught: and the same day, Edwarde Earle of Rutlande,
Duke of Aumarle, Contestable of Englande, arrived with
an hundreth Sayle, of whose comming, the King was be-
rie glad, though he indeede had taried long, and mighte
haue come muche sooner. They remapned fire works at
Dinelin, and heard no newes out of Englande, the paflage was
so dangerous, the winde being contrary, and tempestes
so greate, at length, came a Shippe with heaute newes,
how the Duke of Hereford, and now by the deceasse of his
father Duke of Lancaster, was arrived in England at Raun-
spore beside Wadlington, in Yorkshire, and had beheaded Wil-
liam Scrope Earle of Wiltshire, Treasurer of Englande, John
Bulby, Henry Greene, and other, and had caused Tho-
mas Arundell, Archbishop of Canterbury, to preach againste
King Richard, who also thewed a Bull procured from
Rome, promising remission of sinnes to all those whiche
should ayde the sayde Henry, in conquering of his enimies,
and after their death, to be placed in Paradise, which peac-
ching, moued manpe to cleane to the Duke. Upon this
newes the King being perswaded to make half ouer, the
Duke of Aumarle sayde, it was better to lay till his
Shippes mighte bee brought togither, soz there were but
an hundreth readie to make Sayle, whereupon, John
Mountacute Earle of Salisbury, was sente with a power,
whilanst the King going to Waterforde mighte gather his
Flée te, who promised within fire daves to haue follow-
wed hym. The Earle of Salesburie landed at Con-
way, where he was soone aduertised, howe the Duke
had

The Duke of
Hereford re-
urned into
Englande.

Richard the second.

had taken the more parte of England, and that all the
Lozds were got to him, with more than threescore thou-
sand men. The Earle of Salesburie caused to sommon the
Welchmen, and them of Cheshire, to come to him, so that (wes-
ning the King had bin arrived at Conney) within foure
dayes there were come togither sofie thouland men, ready
to goe against the Duke of Hereford, where they stayo four-
tène dayes, but when they saw the King came not, they
fiealed away, and left the Earle of Salesburie in manner a-
lone, so that vnneath he had a C.men with him. The Duke
of Hereford aduanced towards the Earle of Salesburie, who
withdrew him into Conney. The King through enill coun-
sell stayo after the Earles departure eyghtene dayes, and
then arrived at Milford Haven, from whence, about mid-
night following, desguised like a Prieſt, soz keare to be
knowne, with thirtène persons only, who went to Conney,
thinking the Earle of Salesburie had there helde the kielde.
There were with him the Dukes of Exceſter and Surrey,
and the Earle of Gloſeſter, that continued faithfull unto the
laff houre. There were threé Bishops also, of which, two
did not like good men, the Bishop of Lincolne, and Saint Da-
uids, but the third continued faithfull, that was, the Bishop
of Careſle. He had also two Knightes, Stephen Scrope, and
William Fireby, and lanico, a Gafcoigne. The King rode so
warely, that he came to Conney at the brieke of the daye.
Great ſoſrow and lamentation was made by the King and
the Earle at their meeting, soz that the Earles hoff was diſ-
perſed and gone, some to the Duke, and some other wayes.
The Duke of Aumarle, Conneſtable, and chieſe gouernour
of the Kings armie at Milford, immediately whé the Kings
departure was knowne, he ſayde to the Souldiers, let us
ſhift soz our ſelues mayſters, soz the King is fledde, where-
upon euery man truſſed, and awap. Sir Thomas Percy
Steward of houſhold, talking with the Conneſtable, also
departed, and toke their way through Wales. The Welſhmen
ſeing ſuch diſoſder, assembled them togither, and ſpopled

LII.iiij.

the

King Richard
returned out of
Ireland, and
landed at Mil-
ford Haven.

Richard the Second.

the Englishmen of all their godes, and sent them packing in
their dublets, with white kaues in their hands, so there
rode hære tenne, hære twentie, hære fiftie, hære an hund-
died, and so the Welchmen comming downe the Moun-
taynes, the English loft that they had. The King had ma-
ny HoZZes of beyond the Sea byode, and great riches in ap-
parell and jewels, which was in the keeping of Sir Tho-
mas Percy, who with the Connectable came to Duke Hen-
ry of Hereford, and more than fue hundred of their compa-
nye, all naked, whome the Welchmen had despoled, and
beaten well. The King being at Conwey in great difcom-
fozt, sent the Dukes of Exceſter and Surrey, to Henry Duke
of Hereford and Lancaster, to know what his meaning was,
himſelfe remayning ſtill at Conwey in great perſleritie, and
with him the Earle of Salisburie, the Bishop of Careliſe, Sir
William Ferebe Knight, Sir Stephen Scrope mine AuthoZ,
and another Frenchman, in all but cbi. persons, then was
neues brought to the King how his Connectable had de-
meaned him, and likewise his Steward, that had caused his
riches to be brought aland, and going through Wales with
it, the Welchmen had taken it. The King then by the aduiso
of the Earle of Salisburie departed from Conwey unto Beaw-
mareis, a ten miles off, and from thence, he went to Carnar-
uan. Beawmareis was a strong Foſtresse if it had bin manned
and bictualled. Carnaruan is a faire Towne, and a strong
Caffell, but these were vnprovided of all things, so that foZ
fue oZ ſire nightes he lay verp hard and bafe, and foZ vidu-
alles, there was none, wherefore he returned againe to
Conwey, where he soze lamented his estate. The Dukes of
Exceſter and Surrey entring the Citie of Cheſter, which Duke
Henry had taken, were brought ſtreight to the Caffell to
the Duke, who was glad to ſee them, and forſwith alked
the Duke of Exceſter what newes, who folde him from
popnt to popnt, what ſhame and diſhonour it woulde be to
him, if he dealt so unkiptly towardes his P[ro]ince, and that
through him he were depoſed : h[ae] therefore demaunge
an[swere]

answere.

Richard the second.

and were with Spéeve: but the Duke of Lancaster was as slow to dispatch him, and tolde hym he shoulde not goe for one wéeke, and that the King was not well aduised to sende hym and his fellow, béeing men of such calling, sith he had other pnow of meaner effate to do the message: so they re- mapned to their great discomfort. The Duke of Exceſtor, Duke Henry ſkill kepte in his company, but the Duke of Surrey was committed to ſafeképing within the Caſſell of Chester.

There is a Caſſell fire miles from Chester, called Beston Caſſell, builded on a Rocke, herpe ſtrong by ſcituation, therein were an hundred men of armes, choſen and able men, but not diligent, for they delivered it to the Duke, where they might well ynough haue kept it, the at- cending is ſo kepe: it was vidualled for fire yeares. There was founde within it Copne better than an hundred thou- ſande Markes, beſide other Jewels, which King Richard caused to be kepte, to the value of two hundred thouſande Markes, all which Duke Henry toke wyth him, and re- turned to Chester, and there taking counſell of his friendes what was beſt to be done, the Archbifhop of Canterburie ſayde, that Sith the Kyng was in Wales, whych was a Coun- trep ſtrong, by reaſon of the Mountaynes, ſo that it was imposſible for an Armie to palle wyth bagge and baggage, hée thought it beſt to sende vnto King Richard, and to make hym belæue that hée ſought nothing but peace, and a Parliamente to be made, wherein, those that had offen- ded in putting to death his Ankle the Duke of Gloceſter, shoulde bée puniſhed, and ſo from thence for the King and the Duke to be good friendes, and that it should be at the Kings pleasure to appoynte the day and place for thys Parliamente, for withoute thys chifſe, it shoulde bée vn- posſible for the Duke to gette hym into his handes, for hée mighte departe by Sea when hée woulde, hauing re- tapned at Conwey ſhippes for that purpose.

All the other Lords affenting to this counſell, the Duke

Uu.iiij.

appoynt.

535

Richard the Second.

appointed the Earle of Northumberland to go to the King
with four hundred Launces, and a thousand Archers, which
Earle, when he came to Flint Castell, had it delivered to his
hands: from thence he haled to Rudland, which was also gi-
uen ouer to him: then laying under a rocke two great em-
bushments of his people, with commandemente to keepe
that passage, he went with five other in his company by the
Sea coast, till he came before the Towne, and then he sent
an Herault to the King for a safeconduct, to come to his pre-
sence, to declare his message from the Duke about an agré-
ment, which safeconduct being granted, he passed the wa-
ter, and entred the Castell of Conney, where he founde the
King, and the Earle of Salisbury. He declared to them that
peace woulde be made if he would be a good Judge and a
true, and cause those that should be named, to be tried by in-
ifice at a certayne day of Parliament at Westminster, which
he and the Duke should holde togither, and that the Duke
might keepe his place of high Judge as his father and other
auncellers before him had done, for the space of one hundred
yeares. Those that he would haue to be tried by the Law,
were the Duke of Exeter, the Duke of Surrey, the Earle of
Salisbury, the Bishop of Carelule, and Thomas Marke, which
five, had given the King counsell to put his Ankle upon the
Duke of Glocester to death, and then if it should please him to par-
don the Duke his wrath, he would be readie to come to him
on his knees to make him mercie, and so they might goe to
London togither, or the one way, and the other another.
The Earle offered to weare that all this should be per-
fourmed, and that the Duke had assured him by all to stand
to it. The King liking that it should be at his libertie to go
epther in companie with the Duke, or alone unto London,
purposed to take the offer, and so to pretend some ercule for
his going alone, after he should meete with the Duke, as
lacke of vicularles, or such like, and so to take a byway thor-
ough Wales, and there to raple a polver, he accorded to goe
to the Duke, and then (because being celebrate) the Earle of

Northumberland.

Richard the second.

Northumberlande ware upon the holt, that the Duke should holde all that he had tolde the king. The Earle haffed the king sozwarde to hozzebacke, but the King praped the Erle to go before onto Rutland, there to prepare dinner. The erle rode a pace till he came where he mighte see his people under the mountaine, whom he muche commended soz obseruing his commaundement.

The King pausing the water rode a four miles before he came to the Rock, where when he sawe the ambushes was soze abashed, knowing well he was betrayed by the Earle, soz he was in such a place as he could not escape. The Sea beating on the one side, and the Rock keeping him in on the other, and if he should haue fled backe, they would haue caught him, or he could haue come to Conway, soz he had not palt thze and twentie in all of his company. The K. disfeeding the Rocke, the Earle came and kneeling down excused the matter, saying, he hadde caused those people to come to guarde his person, but the king tolde him, fewer wold haue ferued, and that it was contrarie to his othe, soz he had promised to haue but fire in his company, and sayde therefore that he would goe backe to Conway, but the Earle aunsweared, that nowe forth he had him, he would leade him to the Duke as he had promised ten dayes since, and so he caused Wreade and Wine to bee broughte and offered the king who durst not refuse it, and after leaping on hozzebacke againe they rode to Rutlande to dinner, and after to Flinte, where they lay that night.

K.R.,betraye.K.

The Mozrow being the two and twentie day of Auguſt, the King got him to the Caffell Wals, where he beheld the D. with al his holt of an hundred thousand men comming by the sands, there came before that were departed from the army, the Archbiphop of Canterbury, Sir Thomas Percy and the Earle of Rutland from whom the Duke had taken the office of Coneftable, moze soz a colour, than soz displeasure, soz they bare the Dukes order, and not the Harte, whyche was the kings, the Archbiphoppe entred firste, and after the

Ll.b.

other.

Richard the second.

other with a great traine, they went vp to the dungeon, and
then the King came downe from the walles, unto whom they
did reuerence lowlye on their knees, the King toke them
up, and drew the Archbishop apart, and they two talked log
togather, but the Earle of Rutland kept him alow. They toke
herte againe, and rode towards the Duke that now appro-
ched neare. The Kyng went vp againe to the walles, nam-
ting soze when he saw the Dukes herte within two bove
shotes of the Cassetell, who compassed it rounde about down
to the sea. The Earle of Northumberland wente soz the to the
Duke, who after long talke, concluded that the duke should
not enter the Cassetel before the King had dyned, so he was
fating: so the Earle returned, and the King was set to dyn-
ner, with whom he saw his affured friends the Earle of Salis-
burie, and the Bishop of Carlile, Sir Steuen Scrope, and Feribe,
they sat long and eate little, so they had no haffe to rife.

After dinner the Duke entred the Cassetel all armed, his
Basenet excepted. King Richard came downe to mæte the
Duke, who as some as he saw the King, fell downe on his
knees, and comming neare unto him, he knæled the second
time with his hat in his hand, and the king then put off his
hode, and spake first, faire cousin of Lancaster yce are righte
welcome. The Duke bowing lowe to the grounde anfwea-
red, my Lord, I am come before you sent so me, the reafon
why I wil shew you. The comon fame among your people
is suche, that yce haue so the space of twentie or two and
twentie yeares, ruled them very rigorously, but if it pleafe
our Lord I will helpe you to gouerne better. The Kyng
answered, sayce cousin of Lancaster, sith it pleaseth you, it
pleaseth me wel.

The Duke spake as yce haue heard so the king, he spake
also to the Bishop of Carlile, to Sir Stephen Scrope, and to Fe-
ribe, but to the Earle of Salisbury he spake not, whereby the
Earle perceyued that the Duke hated him deadly.

The duke with an high sharp boye, bad bring soz the
kings hortes, and then two little nagges not worth the for-
tie.

Richard the Second.

The franks, were brought forth, the King was set on the one,
and the Earle of Salisburie on the other : and thus the Duke
brought the King from Flentie to Chester, where he was deliv-
ered to the Duke of Gloucesters, and to the Earle of
Arundales, where he had put
their fathers to death, who ledde hym awaytherto the Ca-
stel.

The third day they went to Nantwich, and the next daye
to newe Castle, and there the Earle of Warwickes son mette
thē, and so journying forth, the next day they came to Staf-
ford, after they departed to Lichfield, where the R. thought
to have escaped, flying downe into a Gardaine out of a
Windowe of a great Tower, but he was espied and thust
into the Tower againe: from Lichfielde the Duke went to
Couentrie, but before they could come thither the Welchmen
did them much harme and flew many of them, and the Eng-
lishmen, when they by great chaunce could take anye of the
Welchmen, they tyed them to their horse, taples, and drʒel
them after them, through ways ful offtones, caused them
to die miserably. The Duke paffed from Couentrie to Dein-
trie, the next day to Northampton, from thence to Dunstable, th
then to Saint Albons, and a kue of fire miles beforee hys com-
ming to London, the Maior and the Companies in their lye-
ueries, with greate noyse of Trumpets mette the Duke,
dopng moze reverence to hym than to the Kyng, reioping
that God had sente them suche a Prince, that had conqu-
red the Realme within one monthes space. When the
Duke came within two miles of the Citie, the duke caused
the hollerte to fly, and then said to the commons of the Citie,
By maikers beholde here youre King, consider what yce
will doe wyth him. They answered they would he should
be ledde to Westminster, where theyon he was delivere[d] un-
to them, and they ledde him to Westminster, and from thence
by water to the Tower of London.

The

Richarde the second.

The D. entred into London by his chief gate, and rode through Cheape to Sainte Paules, where he was after lodged in the Bishops Palace, five or six days, and after at Saint Iohn, without Smithfield, where he remained five days, from thence he removed to Hertford, where he abode three weeks, and then came backe to London, to hold the Parliament, that began the firste Wednesday of October in Westminster Hall, which they had hung and trimmed sumptuously, and hadde caused to be set vp a royall chapze, in purpose to choose a new king, neare to the which the Preslates were set, and on the other side sat the Lords, and after the commiss in order, first sat the Duke of Lancaster, then the Duke of York, the Duke of Aumerle, the Duke of Surrey, the Duke of Exeter, and a Marques, then in order the Earles of Arundale, Norfolk, March, Stafford, Penbroke, Salisbury and Devonshire, the Earles of Northumberlande and Westmerlande sat not, but went by and down, and oftentimes kneeled as it fell in doing their offices. The Archbishop of Canterbury made a Sermon and toke for his Theame, Habuit Iacob benedictus a preſent, which sermon being ended in latin, a Doctor of the law, and by and red an instrument, in the which was contained, that Richard had by his owne confession disabled himselfe to be worthy to taigne, and that he woulde resigne the crowne to such a one as was sufficiente to rule, this instrument being red, the Archbishop persuaded the to procure to the election of a new King, by perceiving they were all contented, so ther wer not palt four persons that wer of King Richards part (as they durst) say nothing (he asked each of the King) they wold haue to their King, whether the Duke of York were not, and they answered na, he asked if they would haue his eldest son the D. of Aumerle, and they sayd no: he asked if they would haue his yongest son, and they sayd no: and so of diverse other, the laying a while, he asked if they wold haue the D. of Lancaster, and then they answered they would haue none other. This Diamounde, being made thrice, they dzelw certain instruments and charters, and red them in presence of all that were.

Richard the Second.

were there. The þ Archbishops coming to the Duke, fell on
they? knees declaring to him how he was chosen King, and
willed him to take regarde if he would consent thereto. the
D. being on his knees rose & declared þ he accepted the
realm, sth it was oðapned by God. The þ Archbishop red
what þ new k. was bound unto, & with certain ceremonies
signed him with the crosse, the he killed the Archbishop, and
they toke the ring, with which the Kings be wedded to the
realme, and bare it to the Lord Percy. that was Conestable,
who recepuing it, thewed it to al the assembly, and then put
it on the kings finger, the King then killed the Conestable,
and then the Archbishops led him to theliege Royal, and þ
R. made his prayers on his knees before it, and after spake
unto them all, first to þ Pzelates & then to the Lords & al o-
ther, & so set him down in the seate, & thus he was inuefted,
and R. Richard put down, he sat a good while & kept silence
and so did all the rest for they were in prayer for his p[ro]spe-
ritie in his gouernement, & when they had ended, wher the
offices were boyde, the R. created the Lord Percy Conestra-
ble, and toke him the kaffe. Then was chosen Ralph
Earle of Westmerland Marshall, John Skirley Chanceller,
for Richard Clifforde kæper of the priuy seale, & many other
officers were newly confirmed. After this the Archbiphoppe
spake certayne things in latin, praying for þ Kings p[ro]spe-
ritie and the realmes, and after spake in English, erhozing
e all other there present to pray the like, and then euery man
sat down. Then the king rose & made his eldest son Prince
of Wales, then the Lords were twozne to be true to the
Prince, as before they had done to his Father: hys
seconde sonne was there made Duke of Lancæ.

After. Thus was King Richard deposed when:

he had raigned two and twenty yeres,

thrice monthes, and odde

dayes.

Henricethird.

After the Solemnity of the Coronation, the Lords and Com mons freighted proceeded to the Parliament. In which it was inquired out of the death of the Duke of Gloucester, how he had been murdered at Caerwys by the Duke of Norffolke, upon the 9th of Kings Commission. King Henry created his eldest son Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornewal, and Earle of Cher ster, duke of Aquitaine. In this Parliament it was ordained that the Statutes made in the Parliament holden in the 21. year of King Richard at Westminster, and after prolonged until Shrewsbury, with all the circumstances to be adnulled, reen forced, made by deede, and bitterly blotted out. Also that the Par liament holden at Westminster, in the 21. year of K. Richard be holden firme and stable. Also that the Lords and other perſons which were induced toth in the Parliament holden the 21. year of King Richard, and their heires that be deade, should be wholy restored to their positions without any ſuing li uerie thereof to be made, excepted that the Lords and other that have nothing of the kind received in the mean time. The K. gaue to the C. of Northumberland the Isle of Man, to be holden of the K. by seruice, to beare the sword which he entred into England. And to the C. of Westmerland he gaue the County of Richmond. Also Judgement was giuen against the Appel launtes of the Duke of Gloucester in this maner: The Lords in this present Parliament by the Kings aſſent, judge that the Dukes of Aumerle, Surrey, and Excester now present and were appellantes, that lose their names of Dukes, and ho noz from henceforth, togither with the dignities of Dukes, that the Marques Dorſet, that is present, lose his name of Marques, that the C. of Glouceſter which is preſet, lose his name for him and his heires, as above named persons do theirs, that al the castels, posſessions, manors, which they had of the that belonged to those whom they appellied from the day of the arrest of the D. of Glouceſter, that the other Lords, after at any time, simply, without fauour or mercie, they that lose the that that al other castels, posſeffi os, manours, Lordships, dominions, and liberties, which they held of the Kings gift,

that

Richard the second.

that day or after hold rest in the kings grace from his houre,
and that all letters patents and Charters, whiche they of
any of them, had of his said names, Cassetts, Dominions, pos-
seffions and liberties hold be surrendered up, into his Chano-
cerie there to be canceled, and that they stand in state while
the they had in name and possession before the saide daye of
the sayde arreft.

The King to them to all men in all Countries about by
what right and title he had taken upon him the crowne and
realme, sent Ambassadours to Rome, John Trencuant, By,
Chop of Hereford, Iohn Cheyne Knighte, and Iohn Cheyne
Esquire. Into�ance he sent Walter Tricklowe, By, chop of
Durham, Thomas Percy Erle of Worcester, and William He-
ron. Into Spaine Iohn Trenor, Bilchop of Saint Davids, and Sir
William Par Knight: Into Almaine the Bilhoppe of Bangor
with other.

The Scots in time of the Parliament taking occasion by
the absence of the Northen Lords, and by cause the same
tyme the North parts were soe oppreſsed by a great Peeli-
lence, entred as enimies into those parts, and toke the Ca-
ſtell of Warke, and kept the same a certain time, but at length
spoyled andatterly ruined it, and many other miſchieues
they did in the Country. Thomas Maubery duke of Norffolк,
which was eriled, dyed at Venice, in his returne from Ieruſa-
lem. Also the Duches of Gloceſter dyed, and his ſonne heire
Humſrey dyed of the peſtilence when hee was sent for North
of Irelande.

The King helde his feast of Christmas in his Casset of
Windfor, where Iohn Holland late Duke of Exceſter & Erle
of Huntington, Thomas Holland late Duke of Sarrey & Carle
of Kente, Edward late Duke of Amerle, and Carle of Rut-
lande, ſonne to the Duke of York, Iohn Mountacute Erle of
Saliburie, Thomas Spencer, fir Ralph Lumley, fir Thomas
Blunt, fir Benedic Cely Knights', with other that fauoured
King Richarde, conspired against King Henrie, and appoint-
ted priuily to murder him, under the colour of Juiting and
other

## Henrie the fourth.

other pastimes pretended. And the time approaching of they
purpose, they sent messengers to London with letters to the
Duke of <u>Aumerle</u>, that he should not fayle to come at ½ day
appointed with his company, to helpe to do the feate wher-
unto he was (wozne: but his minde being altered, hee bare
the letters freighte to his Father the Duke of <u>Yorke</u>, who
caused a number of his men forthwith to carrye his son to
the King, where he thewing his letters, the King woulde
not belieue them: but the same morning came the Daioz of
London to the Court, and infor med him of the matter, wher-
upon the King made no variance, but got him forth toward
London, in company of the Daioz and other. But before the
King coulde gette London on his backe, his enimies were
come to <u>Winfesore</u>, and entred the Caffell with an armed
band of. 400. mž, on the fourth of Januarie at night, where
understanding that the King was escaped they hands, be-
ing soze amazed, they withdrew we from <u>Winfesore</u>, onto Sun-
ning, a certaine manour neare to <u>Reading</u>, where the Quene
wife to the King Richarde then lay, where they persuaded hyz
household, that the King Richarde was escaped out of <u>Pomfretes</u>
Caffel, and they would go to him: from thence they went to
Wallingforde, and after to <u>Abingdon</u>, moving the people to
take armes bypon them, and to goe mœte their King Ri-
charde. After this they came to <u>Farindon</u>, in the vale of <u>White
Horsse</u> in Barkeshire, and the same daye to <u>Circester</u>, on the riy.
day late in the euening, and there harbozed, with a greate
number of men of armes and many Archers ther they bzu-
ted that R. Richard was escaped for th of prizon, and that hee
was there with them, and to make their words to haue the
more credite, they had got a Chaplaine of King Richardes
talled Madeleine, so like to hym in all proportion and fa-
uoz, that one could vnneth be descerned from the other: ma-
ny times (as thine auchour) I haue sœne him in <u>Ireland</u>
ride with the King his Mafter, so faire a Prieſt and godly a
person, he had not lightly sœne. They put him in armoure
with a Crowne on his Helmet, so as all men mighte take

Him,
him

546

Henric the fourth.

him for King Richard. On the morrow being Wednesday,
the people of that towne misliking of their proceedings,
fought against them, and at length toke the chiefest of them
and ledde them to the Abbay there, and put them in a kayce
chamber, under safe custody. And on the Thursday the said
Loudes fearing the people, imagined howe to escape out of
their hands, and caused some of their seruauntes to lette
fire on certaine houses in the towne, thinking that there
uppon the people woulde departe from them, and seeke to
launche the fire: but it chaunced contrarie, for the people
turned into a maruellous rage against them, raune uppon
them with great violence, and dzeue them into the market
place, and there they beheaded the Duke of Excester, the
Duke of Surrey, and the Carle of Salisburie, the thirde day af-
ter the Epiphanie: their seruauntes that were with them
were by and by taken, and as prisoners bound and brought
to Oxforde, and on Monday following were beheaded in the
Castell there, to the number of, rrvij. persons. Also fir Tho-
mas Blount Knight, was beheaded with them. The weche
nere following, was beheaded Thomas Spencer Carle of
Glocester at Bristol: and about the same time was beheaded
John Holland Carle of Huntington brother to King Richard
on the mothers side, at Plasby in Essex: not long after was fir
Barnarde Brocas beheaded at London, and a Pricke named
John Maudelen, that was like King Richard, and another
Prieft called William Feribe. The Bisshoppe of Carlisle was
impeached and condemned of conspiracie, but was pardo-
ned.

The sixth day of February King Henric caused a blank
Charters, made to king Richard, to be brent, at the stander
in Cheape of London.

King Richard was imprisoned in Pomfrait Caffel, where
he, dayes and nightes they bered him with continuall hun-
ger, thirste and colde, and finally bereft his life, with fuche
a kinde of death as neuer before that time was knowne in
England. He dped the viiiij. day of February, whose body was:

brought.

Henricethe fourth.

o2 River of Dew in the Parish of Corwen, in the Countie of Merioneth in Northwales. He served King Richarde, at the tyme of his oppyession by Henrie Duke of Lancaster, at Flint Castell.

The first cause of this stirre was about a piece of land in
controuverie betwirte him and the Lord Reignolde Gray of
Ruthine, soz when he saw his cause not fanoured, firke hée
began to spople the landes of the sayde Lord Gray, whereof
the king being certiffed, went with an army into Wales: but
the Welchmen fledde to the mountaines, the King bzente the
Countrep, flew the people with whom he mette, and retur-
ned with a great pray of Cattaile.

John Wakel: William Ebot, the, 28. of September.

Sir John Frauncis Goldsmith, the, 28. of October.

Gelffrey Chawcer, the most excellent Poet of Englande, de-
ceased the rrb. of October, who was buried at Westminister,
where of late at the charges of one maifter Bridgeham, is
made ouer him a faire monument, on the Southside of the
Quire: his wozkes soz the most part are published in print
by Mr John Thinne Knight, and somewhat increased by my
tranell in the last impyession.

Pot long after deceased the like famous Poet, Iohn Go-
wer, who lyeth buried in Sainte Marie Oueries Church in
Southwarke. He new builded a great part of that Church, and
cópiled thée famous boke. The first in Latine, Vox Clamā-
tis. The second in French Speculum Meditantis. The third in
Englishe Confessio Amantis, which last boke is in Print, the
other hard to come by: of the first I haue seen thée very faire
copies, but of the seconde I neuer sawe any one.

The Emperour of Constantinople, came into Englande, to
requere ayde agaynste the Turkes, whome the King
wyth sumptuous preparation mette at Blacke Heath, upon
Saint Thomas dave the Apokle, and brought him to London,
and paying soz the charges of his lodging, presented him
with giktes wozthy soz one of so high degree.

Some

Sherifes.
Maior.

Anno reg. 2.
Gelffrey Chav-
ger chief Poet
of Brytaine.

John: Govver a
most excellent
Poet of Englād

Henric the fourth.

Hone after came news, that the King of Leto had slain
in battaple Ballacke the sonne of the noble Balthazardan, &
destroyed Serusalem, and all the Countrey rounde aboute.
And bycause he had by Gods grace so ouercome contrarve
to his opinion, he became chilckened and 60000.men of his
fete.

The Emperour of Constantinople, hearing this, was very
gladde, and departed out of Englande, being honozed by the
King with precious giftes.

The fane and twentith day of July, Isabel late wife to K.
Richarde, not yet twelue peares of age, departed from
Douer towardes Caleis, and so into Fraunce to hyz Fas-
ther.

Owen Glendouerdew w his Welchmen did much harme
to the Englishmen and returned.

There was founde in the Kings bedde clothes, an yon
with thylce harp pikes, slender and round standing upright,
layde there by some Traytour, that when the Kyng should
haue layde him downe, he might haue thylf himselfe upon
them.

This time was used ercending pride in garmentes,
gownes with driepe and hroade fleues, commonly called
poke fleues, the seruauntes ware them as well as theyz
maikers whiche mighte well haue bene called receptacles
of the Diuel, for what they hole, they hidde in their fleues,
whereof some hung downe to the foyte, and at leaffe to the
knés, ful of cuttes and iagges, wherupon were made these
verſes.

Now hath this lande little neede of Bromes,
To sweepe away the filth out of the streete:

Sen ſide fleues of pennileſſe gromes,
will it vp licke be it drie or weete.

O England stand upright on thy feete,
ſo foule a wafe in ſo ſimple a degree

Banifh, or it ſhal ſore repent thee.

William Venor: John Fremingham, the 28. of Septem.
Sir John Chadworth Mercer, the 28. of October.

ym.iy.

The

559

1401

The Emperour
returned.

Isabel latevvife
to K.R returned
into Fraunce.

K. H. eſcapeth a
great daunger.

Tho. Walſ.
Additions to polic.

Anno reg. 3.

Tho. Hocclius.

Sherifes. 2
Major. 2

Henrie the fourth.

Squire and a yeomanne were beheaded, and epghe
Graye Friers hanged and beheaded at London, and two
at Leicester, all whiche hadde published King Richard to be
aline.

Owen Glendouerdew. with a company of Welchmen in-
uaded all the fires that bordered neare unto hym, where-
foze Sir Edmund Mortimer wyth manpe Knightes and El-
quiers wente out to encounter with Owen, stronger than
he was of the Countrey : but when it came to martial al-
fayzes, their owne Archers turned theyz handes againste
them. whome they shoulde haue defended. There were
flayne aboue cleauen hundred of our men. Sir Edmunde
Mortimer was taken, and the Welchwomen. when & battayle
was done, vsing the deade carcasses two shamefullie to be
spoken, woulde not suffer them to be buried without great
raun some.

The Kyng went wyth a greate power into Wales, to
pursue Owë Glendouerdew, where he ptofited nothing, but
lofte muche, for the Welchmen connayed themselues into
unknowen places : wherefoze the King constrayned by ne-
cessitie, returned into Englande, after he had spoyled & hzent
the Countrey.

The same time the Scottes cruelly entred into England,
for they supposed all the Lords beyond Humber to be occu-
pyed in the parties of Wales, but the Erles of Northumber-
lande, Henrie Percie, and his Sonne Henrie with the Earle
of Dunbarre, (that a good whyle agone hauing forsaken the
Scottes, had twozne to be true to the King of England) with
a number of armed men & plentie of archers, sodainly came
to resitte the Scottes as they woulde haue refourned
home, after they hadde spoyled and hzente the Coun-
trey, but nowe vppon a sodapne theyz waye was
fozelayde, so that they muste nædes abyde and take a
place to fighte vppon : they chose therefoze a moun-
taine neare to the Towne of Wollor, called Halydowe Hill,
in the whiche they place themselues wyth theyz armed

Pm.iiy, men

552

Henricus the fourth.

men and Archers, which when our men beheld, leaving the
way in which they came against the Scottes, they clapt the
hill that came over against the Scottes, and without delay
of time, our Archers placed in the valley, set their arrowes
against the Scottes battaple, that they might by some means
force them to come downe : on the other side, the Scottishe
Archers let flye at our men, who yet after they felt the grie-
uous weight, and as it had bin a shower of tempest of the
arrowes shotte by the Englishmen, they fledde. The Earle
Dowglas perceiving his men so to flye, so he was their ge-
nerall leader, toke hys Speare, and manfullye wyth a
multitude came down theyll, trucking doubtlesse in his
armour and of armour of hys complices that hadde bin thair
peares in makyng, and forced himselfe to runne upon the
Archers, whiche when the Archers sawe, they stepped
backe, and shotte so fiercely, that they pierced the armed
mens bodies, stroke throughe theyr Helmets, ryued
their Speares, and rente theyr armoure wyth lyghte as
dose. Earle Dowglas hymselfe was wounded in some pla-
es, the residue of the Scottes that were not come beſide
the Hyll, turnyng backe from the arrowes that sewe,
fledde awaye, but theyr lyghte nothing avayled them
whilest the Archers followed them, but that they were
compelled to pælde themselves. Earle Dowglas alſo
was taken, and manye dzolwned in the River of Tweede,
whylest they knewe not the Fourdes, to the number of
fue hundered (as was ſapde.) In thys battaple no Loode,
no knighte, nor Squire, gaue anye stroke to the enimpes,
but onely God gaue the victorie to the English Archers,
the Loodes and armed menne bæyng onelye lakers
on. That dape the flower of the Scottishe Chivalrye
was taken, to witte, the Earle Dowglas, Murdake the
eldelt sonne of the Duke of Albanie, that was hevyn ap-
parente to the Realme of Scotlande: The Earles of
Murrey, Angus, and Orkeney, the Loodes of Mount-
gomorie, Erskin, and Gram, with manye other knyghtes.

15

Henry the fourth.

so the number of foure soore, besides Esquires & Peomen,
whose number was not knowne. There were slayne of Ba-
rons, the Lord Gordon, the Lord Iohn of Swinton that was
false to both the Realmes &c. This battaple was fought on
the fourteenth of September.

Richard Marlow: Robert Chicheley, the 28.of Septemb.

Sir Iohn Walcot Draper, the 28.of October.

Edmond Mortimer, which before was taken by Owen
Glendouer dewe, now professed to take Owens part against
King Henry, and did contract marriage with the daughter
of the layd Owen.

In a Parliament at London which beganne the mozrow
after Michaelmas day, and latted seauen wækes, there was
granted to the King a tenth and a halfe of the Cleargie, a
tenth of the bozough townes, and a fifteenth of the commos
thzough the Realme.

The messengers that had bin sent to Ioane, late wife to
Iohn of Mountfort Duke of Briteyne, returned with hir into
England, and landed at Falmouth in Cornewall. The King met
with hir at Winchester the seauenth of Februarp, where
they were married in the Churche of Saint Swithen. The
fire and twentith of Februarp he was Crowned at West-
minster.

In the Sommer following, by the Townes of Bedforde
and of Broklesward, Monsters were seene oft, times mornings
and evenings to come out of the wods, under diuers cou-
lours, in the likenesse and similitude of me of warre, which
met one with another, and seemed to fight cruell battayles,
which although they that were a farre off might see, yet
they that were nere hande could not see noz thinde, whiche
thing decepued many that coueted to appzoch of come nere.

Henry Percy the vonger, did sodeinly shew himselve to
be the Kings enimie, vnto whome iopned Thomas Percy
Carle of Worcester, Unkle to the layd Henry: and to make
their conspiracie erculable, they did write vnto the Shires
about, that they pretended nothing against the allegeance

Pm.b.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Anno reg. 4.

Battayle as
Shrevvsburke.

Henry the fourth.

no2 fidelitie which they ought to the King, neyther to ga-
ther to any other ende an armie, but only for the fauing of
their persons, and for the better gouvernement of the com-
mon wealth, bycause the payments and taikes graunted to
the King for the safe cultodie of the Realme, were put to
such blees as they ought not to be, and were unprofitably
consumed and walked.

Mozeouer they complapned, that bycause of the euill
flanders which their enimies had made of them, they durst
not personally appeare in the Kings presence, butill the
Pzelates & Barons had intreated for them, that they might
be permitted to purge themselues before the King, and bee
lawfully indged by their pères, so that many that saw these
letters, did praise their diligence, & extoll their fidelitie to
wards the common wealth. But the King being dissuaged
fed with these doings, that he might appease the commu-
naltie, he wrote to them, that he maruelled much, that see-
ing the Earle of Northumberland, & Henry his Son had recei-
ved the most part of the paymets & summes granted to him
by the Cleargy & communaltie, for his defence of the Marches
of Scotland, what occasion they had to make such manifeft
flanders etc. but the yong Henry Percy puting his confidence
in the apd of Owen Glendouerdew, and Edmond Mortimer
Earle of March, with the Welchmen, and men of Cheshire, pu-
blishe[d] that King Richard was aliue, and was with them,
whom if any man would see, they should without delay come
in armour to this Caffell of Lcycester, which declaration made
duers variable motiſs in the hearts of many, & cauſed the
to wauer. King Henry considering all things wiserly, ga-
thered togither as many as he could, and came fodeinly in-
to the parties where the Rebels kept their rage, and when
Henry saw upon a love in the Kings banner, and was even
ready to haue scaled this towne of Shrewſourie, he freighted
desfiled from the assault of the towne, and said to his men,
we must now needes turne our weapons upon them that come
against vs: ye see the Kings Stadert: neither can we, though
we

Shrevsburie
beseeged.

Henry the fourth

555

We would, ifke any Kartinghole, stand to it manfully ther-
foze, for this day shall euther bring vs all to promotion and
honor, if we ouercome, or else if we be ouercome, it shall de-
liuer vs from the Kings malice: for it is a more comely thing
to die in battell, for the common wealth, than after battell to
die by the sentence of condemnation by the enimie: with
that, 14000, of the best me that we with Henry, made bow
& promise to stand by him so long as breath would serve, &
they trowke the field that was commodious for them, and the
King & his men lay in the field right against the. The bow-
men of Henry Percy began the battell, whose arrowes fell
not upon the ground, but vpof the bodies of the Kings soul-
diers, and the Kings archers shot as fiercely against their e-
nimies, so that on both sides many were slaine, and many
thousands fledde, thinking the King had bin slaine: but the
Earle of Dunbar withdrew the King from the place that he
knew in, which was a good turne for him, for the fozersayde
Henry Percy, & Earle Dowglas the Scot (than whome was
neuer man more foute) raged so, that the Kings Standert
was ouerthzowne, and those about it slaine, among whome
was slaine Humfrey Earle of Stafford, Sir Walter Blunt the
Kings Standertbearer, Sir Nicholas Langford, Sir John
Clifton, and the two bræthren Genetels, with many other
Knightes & Gentlemen, and of the comons on both sides a-
bout 5000, slaine. Henry the Prince was wouded in y face
with an arrow. In the meane season Hen. Percy, whilest he
went before his me in the battel, preaing vpof his enimies,
was sodeinly slaine, which being knowne, the Kings eni-
mies fled, but the Earle Dowglas was taken, and also Tho.
Percy Earle of Worcester, with Sir Richard Vernon, and the
Baron of Kinderton, and many other were taken. This bat-
tell was fought on Mary Magdalen eué, nere unto Shrews-
burie, in a place called Old field, alias Bull field. On the Monday
following, were codèned & beheaded at Shrewsbury & Earle
of Worcester, the Bar of Kinderton, and Sir Ri. Vernon. The
body of Hen. Percy was delinered to the L. of Furnivale to be
buried.

Theo. Walf.

Titus Linear.

Henry the fourth.

buried, but the King caused the same body to be taken by,
and to be reposed betwene two Millstones in the Towne
of Shrewburie, there to be kept with armed men, and after,
ward to be headed and quartered, commanding his head
and quarters to be carried onto diners Cities of the King-
dome.

The Earle of Northumberland with a strong power was
comming towards his (as men thought) or at the least to
wards the King, but the Earle of Westmerland, and Robert
Waterton had gathered a great armie, and had entred to
meeite him Sodeinly, but he taking none of them both to be
his friends, returned onto the Castell of Werworth.

When all things were set in a stay at Shrewburie, the
King went towards Yorke, where, when he was setled, he
sent to the Earle of Northumberland, commanding him to
dismisse his company, and to come to him, and the Earle at
the Kings commandement came to him on the mozrow ab-
ter Saint Lawrence dape, but the King recepued him not
friendly, but as one that fued for pardon, and pardoning
him of his life, committed him to safe culkodie.

The Britons Amorikes, the Lord of Caffels being their lea-
der, inuaded the Towne of Plimmouth, spojled and hzent it,
and went their way free, but immediately the Walekerne
Paule, under the conduct of William Wilford Esquire, in
the coalt of Briton, toke koztie Shippes laden with Iron,
Dyle, Sope, and Wine of Rochell, to the number of a thou-
land Tonne, and in returning backe agayne, he hzent kozty
Shippes, and at Penarch the layd William arriued with his
men, and burned Townes and Lordships the space of fire
leagues, and set the Towne of Saint Mathew on fire, and
their Milles about the said Towne.

Thomas Falconer: Thomas Poole, the 28.of September.

Sir William Askham Fishmonger, the 28.of October.

A little before Christmas, the Frenchmen came into the
Isle of Wight, boating that they would keepe their Chalfe-
mas there, and when a thousand of the Frenchmen were en-
stred.

Plymmouth
spojled by the
Britons.

Annoreg.5.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Frenchmen in-
made the Isle of
VVight.

Henry the fourth.

fred into the Island, and dzuing flockes of Cattell towarde
the Sea, sodainly there came upon them a company of the
Iland men, that forced them to leaue their pray behinde
them, and to get them gone (with shame enough) to theye
Shippes, with no small loffe of their men.

In a Parliament holden at London after the Octaues of
the Epiphany, the Earle of Northumberland was restozed to
his former estate and dignitie. And in this Parliamente
was graunted unto the King an vnaccultomed fale, very
heauie and paynefull foz the inhabitants, the manner of
which fale the graunters thereof would haue to be kept
secret foz euermoze : and under that condition only it was
graunted, that it should not be any example to them that
should come after, and that there should remapne no record
thereof, but the same forthwith to be hizent.

The Frenchmen about that time came before the Ile of
Wight with a great Pauie, and sente certayne of their men
to demaund in the name of King Richard, and of Quene
Isabell, a tribute oz subsedie of the inhabitants: who answere,
that King Richard was dead, and the Quene, some
time his wif, was sent home to his parents, withoute con-
dition of any tribute: but if the Frenchmens minde were to
fight, they willed them to come vp, and no man should let
them foz the space of fire houres to refresh themselves, but
when that time were erlspired, they should haue battayle gi-
en to them, which when the Frenchmen heard, they went a-
way, and did nothing.

The Lord of Caffels in Briteine, arrived at Blacke poole, two
mile out of Dertmouth with a great Pauie, where of the ru-
fficall people, whome he ever despised, he was flayne.
There were taks that day threé Lords, & twenty knightes
of name, and the vplandith people presenting their captives
to the King, returned with their purfles full of gold.

In the moneth of Apzill, the Cleargie granted onto the
King a tenth. All the sommer following, Owen Glendo-
verdewe and his Welchmen, robbe, burne, and destrop the

Countreys

1404
Frenchmen
come to the Ile
of VVight.

Dertmouth in-
uded by the
French.

Ovven Glenz
douerdevre.

558

Henry the fourth.

Countreys adiopning unto them: he toke many captives,
and few many Englishmen: he layde flatte certayne Castels
that he had taken, and some he kept for hypers olwe defence.

The *Flemings* and *Briteines* toke certayne Shippes of
oures laden with Merchandizes, and few oz hanged all
the marriners.

The olde Countesse of Oxforde, (mother to Robert de
Vere Duke of Ireland, who as we sayd before died at Lo-
uaine) did cause suche as were familiar with hir, to bute
throughout all the parts of E霄ex, that King Richard was
aline, and that he should shortly come and challenge his old
effete and dignitic. She caused many Harts of Silver, and
some of Cold, to be made for badges, such as King Richarde
was wont to bestow on his Knightes, Esquires, & friends,
that distributing them in the Kings name, the might the
soner allure the Knightes, and other valiant men of the
Countrey, to be at hir will and desire. Also, the fame and
bute whiche dayly was blazed aboute by one William
Serle, sometimes of King Richards Chamber, that the same
King Richard was in Scotland, and farried with a power of
French and Scottishmen, caused many to belèue that he was
aline. This William Serle had forged a priuie Seale in the
said King Richards name, and had sent divers comfoitable
letters unto such as were familiar with King Richarde, by
which meanes, many gaue the greater credite to the Coun-
tesse, in so much, that some religions Abbots of that Coun-
trey did give credite unto hir tales, who afterward were fa-
ken at the Kings commandement, and impisoned, by cause
they did belèue and give credit to the Countesse in this be-
half, and the Countesse had all hir goods confiscate, & was
committed to close prison; and William Serle was drawne fro
Pomfret, through the chiefest Cities of England, & put to death
at London. About the feast of S. John Baptist, at the Kings
commandement, the Earle of Northumberland came to Pont-
fret, & brought with him his Nephues, & nephues sonnes,
by which doing he mitigated the mindes of many, whiche
thought

Henry the fourth.

thought that he had giuen the yong men counsell to rebell.
There came also with him William Clifford, a knight, who
brought with him that William Serle, a. Richards chamber-
lain, whom we spake of before, who by a wile he had caught
and apprehended, by which doing, the King held him excur-
sed, and pardoned him, for that he had kept the Caskell of
Berwike against the Kings will and pleasure.

William Louth: Stephen Spilman, the 28.of September.
Sir John Hindle: Draper, the 28.of October.

About the feast of Saint Faith, the King called a Parliament at Couentry, and sent processions to the Sheriffes that they should choose no Knights no burgesses that had any knowledge in the laws of the Realme, by reason wherof, it was called the Lay mans Parliamèt. These piked out Knights and Burgesses, could deute none other way to relieve the Kings lacke of money, but to depute the Cleargie of their tempozall lands and goodes: but Thomas Arundell Archbishop of Canterbury made answere, that the Cleargie did alwayses giue the King as much as the Lay people did, considering that they did oftner giue the King tenthes, than the laytie gaue fiftijenes: and mozeouer, that moze of their Tenants did serue the King in his warres, thâ of the Tenants of the lay se: and besides this, they prayed for the pious prie of the King, and of all them that faithfully scrued him. And whê the speker of y Parliamèt said with a loud voice, that he little regarded y prayers of the Church, the Archbishop of Canterbury answered: then (quoth he) A know to what end the foiztune of the Realme will come, whê the suffrages of y Church are not set by, wherwith y Godhead is wont to be appeased: surely that Kingdome neuer coïtinuet hable y is voyde of prayer & devotion: notwithstanding, thinke not that thouhalt without punishmèt take away the posseffions of the Church, for if the Archbishop of Canterbury liue, thou shaltest haue euill taking of any thing that is his. Then the Archbishoppe rose vppe, and knæled downe before the Kyng, desiring hym to consider howe grationlie, and

Annoreg. 6.

Sherifes. ?
Mator. §

Lay mans Par-
liament,

560

Henry the fourth

and by Gods favour he had attained to the Kingdome, that he would consider his first promises, which was, that he would preferue unto euery man their right and title so farre as lay in him. He also willed him to remember the other which he voluntarily made, which was, that he would honor and be send the Church, and Ministers thereof, wherefore he desirèd him to permit and suffer the Church to enjoy the privileges and liberties which in time of his decease it did enjoy, and to seare that King, by whom all Kings do raigne.

When the Archbishop had said these and like words, the King commanded him to go to his leafe againe, and sayde, that his intent and purpose was to leaue the Church in as good state or better than he found it. And then the Archbishop speaking to the Knightes and burgesses, sayde: you, and such like as you be, haue given such counsel unto our King, and to his decease, to confocate the godes of the Celles whiche the Frenchmen and Normans did posseſe in England, and sayd, that by them he should heape vp greatriches, as in dæde they were worth many thousands of gold: notwithstanding it is most true that the King at this day is not the richer thereby of halfe a Parke, for you haveERTOTTED, or at the least begged them out of his hands, and haue appropriated the faide godes unto your felues, so that it may be coniected that your request to haue our temporalities, is not for the Kings proſite, but for your owne conservationnesse: for without doubt, if the King (as God for him he should) fulfill your wicked purpose, he should not be one farthing the richer the next yeare following: and surely, I will saayer let my head be cut off, than that the Church should be destitute of the least right that perteyneth to it.

The Cleargie granted a tenth and a halfe, and the common two sixteenes, on condition the Lord Furnivall should receyue it to spend in the Kings warres.

The same time such abundance of water & shake soveinely over the bankes in Kent, as was neuer seene the like in those

In Edward the
thirds time.

Henry the fourth.

those partes, whereby were dzowned Beates and Cattell
without number : nepther did England only belwayle theyz
loſſes, but also Zeland, Flanders, and Holland ſutkeyned the
like, by the great ercelle of waters.

This peare died William Wikeham Bichop of Winche-
ſter, by whose charges and trauell, the Cleargie of England
was much encreased, ſoz he builded a notable Colledge in
Oxford, ſoz the encreafe of learning, where he placed the
Warden and his company, to the number of lyp. besides
childzen, ſeruants, and tenne Priestes, to kæpe daply ſer-
uice, enduing the ſapd company with ſufficient lands.

Colledge at
Oxford.

He beganne the foundation of a new Colledge at Win-
chester, and in fire peares finished the fame, where he placed
the like number of Schollers to learne their Grämer, and
other principles, to be ſent afterward to his other Colledge
at Oxford. These two Colledges are called the new Col-
ledges, dedicated to our bleſſed Lady.

Colledge at
V Wincheſter.

He builded the great body of the Church of Saint Swi-
thens in Wincheſter, where the Hermons are made, where
his body is entered, a very princely wozke : nepther did he
ſoz all this diminith any thing of his ordinarie houſholde
charges, and ſedde (as the writing engraued on his Se-
pulchre (the weth)) both rich and pozo. He deceaſed at the age
of ſoureſcoze peares. He dyed rich, ſoz beſide that he gaue to
his kinfesſolke and to the poze, he gaue somewhat to every
Church in his Dioces. He gaue many things to the King,
and to his owne ſeruants, and to his Colledges: nepther do
I doubt but ſ he that thus lined, is now with God, whome
I beſech to repſe vp many like Bithops in England.

John Leyland wrizeth (by the reporſte of Doctoz London)
that this William Wikeham was bozne at Wickbam in
Hampſhire, and was ſonne to one William Perot, parifhe
clarke there, of which place he twke his ſurname : and that
one Mayſter Wodale of Wickbam brought him vp at ſchole,
where he learned his Grammer, and to wrizte faire. After
this, the Conneſtable of Wincheſter Cattell, at that time a

John Leyland.

Pn. great

562

Henry the fourth.

great ruler in Hampshire, gote Perot, alias Wickham of W-
dall, and made him his Clearke. Edward the third comming
to WinchesteR Caffell, liked Wickham, and toke him to ser-
uice, and understanding that he had mind to be a Prieſſ,
made him first Parſon of Saint Martins in London, and then
Deane of Saint Martins le Graund, and then Archdeacon of
Buckingham. He made him also ſuruepoz of his buildings, as
of Windsore, Quinborow in Kent, and other buildings. After
this, he preferred him to be bearer of the priuſe Seale,
mapſter of the Wardes and Foſretts, and Treasurer of
the Kings reuennues in France, then Bichop of WinchesteR,
Chancellour and Treasurer of England, as it very mani-
festly (ſapth Iohn Leyland) appeareth by writing.

The blacke Prince ſcant ſauoured Wickham, wherefore
Wickham procured to kepe the Prince in battell out of the
Realme, but at length Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaſter, and
Alice Peeres, Concubine to Edward the third, caused him to
be banisheſ the Realme, and then he dwelled in Normandy
and Picardie ſeauen yeares, Edward the thirde yet living,
but he was reſtored about the ſecond yeare of Richard the
ſecond, of whome he had a generall pardon.

Aboute the feast of Saint Valentine, the ſonnes of the
Carle of March were taken out of the Caffell of Windsore,
and ledde alway into Wales to Owen Glendouerdewe, but
shortly after were recouered againe. The Smith that made
the keyes, by the which they that conuayde them got into
them, had first his hands, and then his head cut off.

The Lady Spencer, Sifter to the Duke of Yorke, and wi-
dow of Thomas Lord Spencer, before executed at Bristow,
being apprehended, and committed to priſon, accuſed his
brother the Duke of Yorke to be chieſe authoſ, in kealing a
way of the Carle of Marches ſonnes, wherefore the ſayde
Duke was kept by Sir Iohn Pelham in the Caffell of Pem-
ſy till the nert Parliament.

After the feast of the Purification of our Lady, the King
assembled his Barons at Londsn, to treate of the governne-
ment

Hارle of Mar-
thes ſonnes.

Henry the fourth.

ment of the Realme, and to haue apde of monep to be gi-
en him, but the Nobles would not at that time obey his
requesl. In the Lent following therefoze, the King caused
the Cleargie and the Barons to assemble at Saint Albons
foz the matter afozresayd, but by reason the Nobles kroue a-
gainst him, there was nothing done, and so departed on
Palme Sontday.

About the fiftieth of March, in a fight betwixt the En-
glishmen and Welchmen, the sonne of Owen Glendouerdewe
was taken, and fifténe hundzed with him were taken of
flayne.

Henry Percy Earle of Northumberland, Richard Scrope
Archbishop of Yorke, Thomas Mowbray Earle Marshall,
Thomas Lozd Bardolph, and other, conspiring against King
Henry, assembled togither the Citizens of Yorke, and many
other, to stand with them for the commoditie of the Realm.
And to animate the commons to be the readier unto this
businesse, they set articles vp the dozes of the Monasteries
& Churches of the same Citie, written in English agaynste
the King, bycause he had put downe King Richard, offering
theinselues for those articles to line and die, which caused
great number of people to refozt to them: but Ralph Neuill
Earle of Westmerland that was not farre off, togither with
John Duke of Lancaster the Kings Sonne, being enfozmed
of these things, gathered an armie with spéede to goe a-
gainst the Archbishops company, but all was in bayne, for
the Archbishops power was farre greater than theirs,
wherebpon, the Earle of Westmerland sente messengers, to
enquire of the Archbishop the cause of so great an assembly
in armour, contrarie to the Kings peace, whereto the
Archbishop answered, that he troke nothing in hand against
the Kings peace, and he was in armour and munited with
men, only for the seare of the King, whome he could not safely
come vnto to speake, but his purpose (he said) was good and
comodious both for the King & Realme, if happily they would
know it: for he shewed a schedule, in which for articles were

Pn.ij.

con

563

1405

Conspiracy against King Henry by the Archbishop of Yorke & others

564

Henry the fourth.

conteyned, which when the Earle of Westmerland had read,
he with word and countenance praysed the Bishops holy
and vertuous intent, and promised, that he and his would
prosecute the same with the Archbishop. The Archbishop
being glad of this, belæued the Earles words, & perswaded
the Earle Marshall, being unwilling thereunto, to go with
him to a place appointed to take togither, to whome they
with like number came, and the writing with the Articles
was read ouer: freight way the Earle and they that were
with him gaue their assent to these articles, then sayde the
Earle being subtiller than the rest, behold the labour that
we haue take in hand is come to such end as we would haue
it, and the people hath now bin long in armour, let some of
your me beare word vnto the people to go their way home,
and to lay downe their armour, and euery man to fall to his
occupation, and accustomed labour: in the meane season we,
in token of concord will drinke togither, that the people on
both sides shall see it, and without delay, after they had take
each other by the hands, a Knight was sent on the Archbi-
chops behalfe, to beare word to y people that it was peace,
and to command euery man to lay downe their armour, and
to go to their owne home. The people beholding signes of
peace, & the Lords drinking togither, being aweried with
the accustomed trauell of war, turned the reines of their
bids homewards, and so it came to pass y wher the people
of y Archbishops side went away, y number of the aduerfaries
increased as before it was appointed, & the Archbishop did
not perceive y he was betrayed, until such time as y Earle
arrested him: he arrested the Marshall also, and many other
with him, to all which it was promised y they should haue
no harme, but that promise was not kept, so both the Arch-
bishop & the Earle Marshall were beheaded when the King
came to Yorke the morrow after Whitsunday. After this,
wher the King had punished the me of Yorke at his pleasure,
he set forth with an armie to pursue the Earle of Northum-
berland, and Thomas Lord Bardolph, and take all manner of
murmurs.

Archbishop of
Yorke behead-
dad.

Henry the fourth.

munition with him, and an armie of 37, thousand fighting men. The Earle of Northumberland perceiving the Kings intent, gote himselfe to Berwick with three hundred hozzle, and from thence into Scotland. The King being bent against the Earle of Northumberland, went to Berwick, from whence the Earle fledde into Scotland, and the Lord Bardolph with him, whome David Lord Fleming the Scotte recepued into alliance. The King underkilling that the Earle was fled, he commanded them in the Castell to render it onto him, whiche when they refused to do, the King caused a greate Gunne to be shotte, whiche ouerthewe parte of a Tower, whereupon they of the Castell gaue ouer, and submitted themselves to the King, who caused some of them to be beheaded, and the residue to be sent to prisoners. After this, the Castell of Alnewike, and the rest of the Earles Castels, were with small ado rended to his hands, with which successe, the King being encouraged, went freight into Wales, where contrary wife nothing prospered with him, wherefore he returned, losing Charets, Cartes, and Wagons to the number of 50, with his Treasure, so that comming backe to Worcester, he sent for the Archbishop and Bishops, and declared to them his misfortune, desiring the to help him: so whome the Archbishop answered, that he would take with the Cleargie in that matter. In the meane season the Frenchmen came to succour the Welchmen with 140. Shippes: they landed in Milford Hauen, having lost almost all their hozzles soz lacke of fresh water. The Lord Barkley, and Henry Pay burnt kiftene of those Shippes in the same Hauen. These Frenchmen besetged the Towne of Carmarden, and took it, graunting to the inhabitants all their mоеable godes, and to goe whether they would.

The same time the soz esapde Lozde Barkley, Thomas Swinborne, and Henry Pay, took fourtene Shippes of the French, in the whiche they took the Steward of France, and eight Captaynes moze.

The Towne of Reystone in Har tfordshire was hzent.

Pn.iiij.

Henry

Anno reg. 7a

Reykton breck

Henry the fourth.

Henry Barton: William Groome, the 28. of September.
Sir John Woodcocke Mercer, the 28. of October.

This yeare, all the Woleares in Thomis from the Towne
of Stanes in the Woleale, onto the water of Medway in the
Eale, by the Maior and communaltie of London, were des-
kroyd, and the trunckes bzent, for the which, great plea and
discord followed betwene Thomas Arundell Archbishop of
Canterbury, and other Lords and Knightes of the one party,
and the Maior and communaltie on the other partie, but
the Citizens preuapled by vertue of their Charter and
Statutes.

A Parliamente beganne, whiche laffed nigh one
whole yeare, for after the Knightes of the Parliament had
long delayde to graunt to the King a subsedie, yet in the
ende being ouercome, they granted the tafle demanded.
The Priekes and the Friers that lined of almes, were for-
ted euerp one to pap halfe a marke.

Henry Percy Earle of Northumberland, &c. the L. Bardolfe,
by the counsell of David Fleming, fled into Wales, for he had
declared to them, that the Scottes had conspired to deliver
them onto their owne King, in exchange for other piffo-
ners, and for this doing of David Fleming, the trayerous
Scottes flew him, and repsed such a civill warre amongst the-
sedues, that in the ende they were confreyned to requeck
truce for a yeare, which when they had obteyned, the Scottes
fente Iames, the Sonne of Robert King of Scottes, being but
nine yeares olde, towardes France, there to be brought up,
and to be infructed in the pleasant eloquence of the French
tongue, whome certayne marriners of Cley in Norffolke
toke on the Seas, and with him a Bishop, and the Earle of
Orkney, to whome his Father had committed him; and they
brought him into England, and delivered him to the King,
who for thowith burck out into a laughter, and sayde, surely
the Scottes mighte haue fente him to me, for I can speake
French. The Bishop escaped and fledde, but the Earle of
Orkeney.

Sherifes.
Maior.

V. Yeares in the
Thamis and
Medway de-
Koyed.

Parliament.
A great taske.
1406

The King of
Scottes Sonne
and heire taken
on the Sea.

Henry the fourth

Orkeney, and the fayde James the yong ladde, was sent to the
Tower of London, where he remapned prisoner till the second
yeare of Henry the sixth, whiche was aboue eighteene
yeares.

The Frenchmen came to help Owen Glendouerdew with
38. Shippes, whereof 8. were taken, full of armed men, the
rest escaped into Wales, but not long after were taken sikkene
Shippes laden with Wine and Ware.

Whileft the Parliament yet continued, the Duke of
Yorke was restored to his olde dignitie, whome many men
thought to haue bin dead in prison.

Edmond Holland Earle of Kent, married the Duke of
Millaynes daughter in the Priory of Saint Mary Oquery in
Southwarke.

Anno reg. 8c

Nicholas Wootton: Geoffrey Brooke the 28. of Septemb.
Sir Richard Whittington Mercer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?

Maior. 5

John Couentry, and Iankin Carpenter, executors to this
Richard Whittington, with his goods builded Whittington
Colledge in London, and a great part of the Hospital of Saint
Barthelmew in Smithfielde. He builded the Library of the
Crep Friers, and the East end of the Guild Hall in London,
with diuers small conduites, called Boffes, and the Wealef
Gate of London called Newgate.

VVhittington
Colledge
founded.

Nevvgate
built.

Also Iankin Carpenter, one of the executors to the Woz-
hipfull Knight Sir Richard Whittington afozenamed, of
his owne costs and charges, caused to be papnted aboute
the Cloyfer of Saint Paules Church in London, a most ercel-
lent monument, or remembrance of Death, the originall
patterne whereof, was sometime deuised by Machabre, a
Doctoz of France, and therefore called The Daunce of Ma-
chabre, which Daunce was richly papnted about Saint In-
nocents Cloyfer in Paris, with Metres in French, signifying
the Speeches of Death to all effates, and their feuerall an-
tweres against to Death, all whiche being translated into
English by John Lidgate, Monke of Bury, was as afozefayde
richly papnted in the fayd Cloyfer of Saint Paules Church,
An.iiiij.
and

The Daunce of
Death, con-
monly called
the Daunce of
Paules.

Henry the fourth.

and therefore commonly called The Daunce of Paules.

Henry Pay, and other with him of the flue Portes, with
fiftéene Shippes, toke an hundred and twentie Shippes,
which lay at ancker in the Sea of Briteine, laden with Iron,
Salt, Dyle, and Rochell Waine.

This Sommer, through corruption of the apre, so great
a Plague was thedde upon mens bodyes, as was not ſene
the like in many yeares in this land, so that men might lay

The South windes warme did blow, with heate pectiferous,
And Pectilence did beare great rule in Cities populous.

For at London in short while it consumed above thirtie show
s and men and women, and in the Countrey Townes great
mortalitie fell among the hufbandmen, so that great houſe
holds dyed cleane vp, and the houſes were emptied.

About the fiftéenth day of August, deceaſed Sir Robert
Knowles Knight, at his Manour of Sconethorp in Norſtolke,
he was brought to London, and there honourably buried in
the white Friers Church which he had newly reedified
and builded.

This Sir Robert Knowles had bin a moſt valiant Cap-
tayne in the warres of France, during the raigne of Edward
the third, and Richard the second, whose force the Realme of
France both felt and feared, so did the Dukedome of Briteine,
and all the people from hence to Spayne. Of him in his life
were made Verses in Latin, which may be englified thus,

O Robert Knowles, moſt woorthy of fame,
by thy prowſſe France was made tame:
Thy manhoode made the Frenchmen to yeeld,
by dint of ſword, in towne and field.

This Sir Robert Knowles founded in the Towne of
Pontfract a Colledge to the honor of the Holy Trinitie, with
an Hospital iopned thereunto. In the which Colledge was
placed a Payſter, and 601. Daines, and in the Hospitall
130. poſe men and women. He was once minded to have
made this Colledge at his Manour of Sconethorp, but at the
requeſt of Conſtance his wife (a woman of meane birth,
and

The, Walſ.

Pestilence.

Sir Robert
Knovvles.
John Leyland.

Register of Revs
mondſey.

Verses.

Colledge and
Hospitall at
Pontfract.

1570

Henrie the fourth.

coping of Rochester Bridge: and William Warham Archbp.
Chop of Canterbury, made the pion pikes and bars aboute the
same coaping.

This sommer Henrie Prince of Wales beliaged the Ca-
tel of Abrustwich, but not long after Owen Glendouerdew
entred into it, and placed new kæpers.

Henrie Pontfract: Henrie Halton, the. 28. of September.
Sir William Stondon Grocer, the. 28. of October.

In November a Parliamente being called at London, a
tare of money was levied of the whole Realme.

This peare was a soze and charpe Wlinter, and suche a-
boundance of Snow, which continued, December, Janna-
rie, Febrnarie and March, so that almoſe all small Wyzdes
dyed through hunger and colde. Whiles the King helde a
great Counſell at London with the nobles of the Realme,
Henrie Earle of Northumberlande, and Thomas Loode Bar-
dolſe came againe into England, who after long journyng,
when they came to the Towne of Thriske, they caused to bee
proclaymed, that who so woulde haue libertie, Thoulde take
bp armour and weapon and follow them, wherupon much
people resoſted to them : but fir Thomas Rockley Sheriſe
of Yorkshire, with other Knightes of that Countrep went a-
gainſt them, and at Bramham Moze nere to Hafewold, fought
with them a great battayle, and flew the Earle, whole head
was kreyght wayes cutte off. The Loode Bardolph was soze
wounded and taken alive, but dyed thowtly after. This bat-
taple was fought on the xvij. day of February. The Erles
head was put on a stake, and carped openly through the Ci-
tie of London, and set on London Bridge. The Bishop of Ban-
gor was taken with the Loodes, but pardoned of his lyfe,
because he was not founde in armour. The King wents
to Yorke, and there condemned such as transgressed, conſis-
tated their goods, pacified the Countrep, hanged the Abbot
of Hayle, who had bin in armour, and returned to the South
partes againe.

Anno reg. 9.
Sherifes.
Maior.

1408

Apon

Henricus the fourth.

Upon the seventh of September there were suche clouds
of rayne, as the old men of that age had neuer seene before.
Edmunde Hollande Earle of Kent whilest he besieged the
Caffell of Briake in Brytaine, he was wounded with an ar-
rowe of a crossebowe in the heade, notwithstanding he toke
the Caffel and deffroied it to the grouud, and not long after
his braines rotted, and he died.

Thomas Ducke: William Norton, the 28. of September.
Sir Drew Barentine Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

Anno reg. 10
Sherifes. ?
Maier. §

Aboute the feaffe of Al Saintes the Cardinall of Burges
came into Englande, being sente from the Colledge of Car-
dinalles, to infozine the King and Cleargie, of the uncon-
kaunte dealing of Pope Gregorie, as also he had infozmed
the Frenche King and his Cleargie and realme, to the end
that those two Kings might sette to theys helping handes,
to induce the sayde Gregorie to obserue the othe he hadde
made, and that by the magnificence of those two Kings, co-
corde mighte be made in the Church, vnto the whiche bull-
nesse the Frenche Kyng hadde gladlpe graunted, and sente
mellengers vnto Pope Gregorie, who notwythstandyng
was obkinate. The Kyng of Englande when hee vn-
derkunde the Cardinalles message, hee commaunded
that curtesie and gentle entertainmente Thoulde be gyuen
hym, and offered to beare hys charges so long as hys
woulde abyde in Englande. After the feaffe of the Cppa-
phanpe, the Archebyshoppe of Canterbury caused to al-
semble at London, all the Cleargye of the Realme to
chose personages mœte to go to the general counsel holde at
Pisa, where vnto were chosen Roberte Holam Bishop of Sa-
lisburie, Henrie Chiseley bishop of SaintDAuids, and Thomas
Chillingdon Prioz of Christes Churche in Canterbury, and
the Kyng had sente before John Coluile Knighte, and may-
fer Nicholas Rixton Clearkes, wyth letters to be giuen to
the. And in y letter to the Pope it was wittè, most holy fa-
ther, etc. if you prouidcce of your Apostolike sea wold bouchsafe to
consider

1409

Henrie the fourth.

consider how great harme and danger is sproung vp throughout the whole worlde, under pretence of Science, and chiefly the destruction of Christian people, were aboue the number as men say of 200000. are perilhed by the raging of dyuerse warres, that haue risen in sundry parties of the world, and even now of late, to the number of thirtie thousande, which (by reason of the diffention had upon the Bishoprick of Leons, betwirte two which do strike and contende the one in the authoritie of the true Pope, and the other by the authority of the Antipope) were in slaughter field (a lamentable thing to be spoken) slaine and destroied. Truely the Apostolike sea woulde be in greate heavinesse of heart, and woulde rather forsake the honoz of the Apostolicall sea, than to see from henceforth such wicked slaughter to be committed, and woulde take erample of the true mother, who before King Salomon, rather chose to give place, than that the childe shoulde be cutte in pieces, etc. thus muche of the Epistle sente by the Kyng of Englande to the foresapde Gorerie.

This play was a great play at the Skinners Wel, nere unto Clearkewel beids Londò, which laffed viij. days, & was of matter from the creation of the world: there came to see the same, the most part of the nobles and gentles in England: and forthwith after beganne a rollall iuing in Smithfield, betwene the Earle of Somerset and the Seneschall of Henault, Sir John Cornewall, Sir Richard of Arundale, and the sonne of Sir John Cheyne, against other Frenchmen.

Anno reg. II

Sherifes. ?

Maior. §

John Lawe: William Chicheley, the. 28. of September.

Sir Richard Marlow Ironmonger, the. 28. of October.

Thomas Beuforte Erle of Surrey was made Chanceller, and Henrie Scrope was made Treasurer.

In a Parliament holden at London, in the Lent season, the Knights and Burgesse presented to the King a Bill in this forme :

1410

To the most excellent Lord the King, and al the Nobles in this present Parliament assembled, your faithfull Commons

Henrie the fourth.

573

Tb. W. 4½.

It was humbly done, that our soueraigne Lord the King map haue the Temporall posseffions and landes, whych by the Bischoppes, Abbots, and Priors, are proudly spent and walked in this Realme, which would be suffise to finde 150. Carles, 1500. Knightes, 6200. Esquiers, and 100. Hosts. Tals more than now be, etc. but when they went about to declare out of what places, those great Summes were to be levied, whereby the forfayle States should be endued, they was sed in theyr accompte: wherefor the King commanded the that from thence forth they should not presume to move any such matter.

Upon the even of Saint John Baptist the kings sonne being in East cheap at supper, after midnight, betwixt two and three of the clocke, a great debate hapned betweene his men and men of the Courte, lasting an houre, till the Maioz and Sherifes with other Citizens ceased the same: for the which afterward the layde Maioz, Sherifes, and Aldermen, were sent for to appeare before the Kyng, to aunceare: at whych the King with his Sonnes, and diverse other Lozdes, were highly moued againste the Citie, where thzough William Gafcoigne chiese Justice, enquired of the Maioz and Aldermen, for the Citizens, whether they would put them in the Kings grace, wherevnto they aunswered, they had not offende the Kyng nor his Sonnes, but according to law stanched the debates: then the King seeing it would be none other wayse, for some altogither, and they departed. King Henrie founded a College at Battelfielde in Shropshire, where he was born, came for Henrie Percie and other.

John Penne: Thomas Pike, the 28. of September.

Sir Thomas Knowles Grocer, the 28. October.

About Easter the Gilde Hall in London, was begun to be made newe by the forfayle Maioz and Aldermen. The Cufos of Gardian, with the byethze of the Grocers in Londò, pur chased their Hall in Cunihope Lane, for 320. marks, and the laide the foundation therof on the tenth of May.

John Prendergast Knight, and William Long, kept the seas.

Anno reg. 12.

Battelfield founded.

Sherifes.

Maior.

1411

Gilde Hal in Londò built.

Henrie the fourth.

seas from Pirates and Rouers, so that the passage by Sea
was quiet, but by the ill willers they were accused of theft
& robberie themselves, wherupon the Knight toke Sanctu-
arie at Westminster, where he could not haue an house or co-
tage to hide his heade, so that the same was forbidden by
the King, so that he was forced to lpe in a Tente whiche he
set vp in the Church Porch, and to haue men to watch him
in the nighte season, so seare of his enimie: but his fellowe
William remapned on the Sea, vntill the Admirall had pre-
pared Chippes readie, and went in person to fetch him, wbo
the he could not doe, till he promised him by his fidelitie,
that he shoulde haue no harme, which promise not withhik-
ding, William was imprisoned in the tower of London. The
Earle of Arundale, the Earle of Kme, Sir Robert Vintreule,
sir John Oldecastle Lord of Cobham, sir John Gray, and o-
ther warlike power, and a greate number of Archers were
sent into France to the ayde of the Duke of Burgoine, against
the Duke of Orleaunce, which at Saint EloAFE side Paris inco-
tred with the enimpes, upon whom they had a noble victo-
rie, wherfore they were bountifully rewarded by the Duke
of Burgoine, and then returned into Englande.

A Squire of Wales named Rice ap Dee, which had long
time rebelled against the King, was brought to London, and
there drawnen, hanged and quartered.

Anne reg. 13

Sherifes.
Maior.

John Raynwel: William Cotton, the 28. of September.
Sir Robert Chicheley Grocer, the 28. of October.

After the feast of All Saintes a Parliamente was begun
at London.

The King caused a newe kinde of Nobles to be made
whiche were of lesse value than the olde by foure pence in
the noble.

King Henrie sofuded the Colledge of Fodringhey in Nor-
hamptonshire: Henrie the fifth gave his lande of Priories of
Monkes aliantes by him suprized.

A

Henricus fourth.

A Goldsmith and his man of Fleete in London were
bothe murdered by night, in the Duke of Yorkes place
without Temple barre, and were cast into the riuer of Tha-
mis.

About the fiftieth of August, the King by determination
of the Counsel appointing to send help to the Duke of Or-
leaunce, sent his second sonne Thomas Duke of Clarence, Ed-
warde Duke of York, and Thomas Earle of Dorset, and ma-
ny valiant men, wþth a strong power to helpe to the Duke
of Orleaunce, against the Duke of Burgonie, so ever al þ other
were returned, whiche a while agoe went ouer with þ erle
of Arundale to ayde the Duke of Burgonie, so that many men
marvelled of the sodaine chaunge, that in so small a tyme
the Englishmen dyd ayde and affistke the two contrarie parts :
not wþthstandyng the forelayde Nobles wente forewardes
and arrived in Normandie, where when the Duke of Orle-
aunce did not mëte them at the tyme appointed, they hzent
hys townes, and spoyled his Countrey, and toke manpe
holdes.

At length, though late, the Dukes of Clarence and
of Orleaunce, mette and talked togither. And the matter
was so entreated of betwæne them, that our menne
thoulde desylke from raungyng throughe the Countrey,
and refrayne from robberie, which when our men hadde
grauanted, they departed into Aquitaine to Wynter
there, and the Duke of Orleaunce wente home to hys
Countrey.

Ralph Leuenhynd: William Seuenocke, the. 28. of Sep.
Sir William Waldren Mercer, the. 28. of October.

About this tymc the Lozde Herle Marshall of Fraunce,
with manpe other noble men and men of armes, to the
number of foure thousande, besieged a certapne holde in
Aquitaine, whyche was in the kepping of John Blunte
Knight.

Anno reg. 14

Sherifes.

Maior.

576

Henricethe fourth.

Knight, who with thre hundreded that apdod hym, putte to flight the whole army of the Frenchmen, and toke twelue of their men of name, and other gentlemen to the number of 120.

Byng Henric kept his Christmalle at his manour of El-
tham, being so soze sick, that sometime men thought that he
had bin dead; notwithstanding it pleased God that he reco-
uered his strength againe a little.

After Christmalle he called the Nobles of his realm togi-
ther to a Parliament at London, but he lived not to the end
therof, for now after the great and soztunate chaunces hap-
ned to him, and being deliuered of all Ciuill division, he
was taken with sicknesse, of the which he languished til his
appointed hourc, during which sickenesse, some evil dispo-
sed people laboured to make diffention betwene the King
and the Prince his Sonne, by reason wherof, and by the ace
of youth, which he exercised more than meanely, and for the
great recourse of people vnto him, of whom his Court was
at all times more abundant than the King his father, the
King suspected that he would presume to vnlurpe the crown,
he being alive: which suspitious iealousie was occasion that
he in part withdrew his affection and singular love from
the Prince. But when this noble Prince was aduertised of
his fathers iealousie, he disguised himselfe in a gown of blew
satten, made full of small Dylet holes, and at euery Dylet
the needle wherewith it was made hanging til by a threede
of silke. And about his arme he ware a dogges coller set ful
of SS. of golde, and the Tirets of the same also of fine gold.
Thus apparelled, with a great companpe of Lonzes and o-
ther noble men of his Court, he came to the king his father,
who at that time laye at Westminster, where at his coming
(by his owne commaundement) not one of his companpe
avaunced himselfe further than the fire in the Hall, notwith-
standing that they were greatly and ofte desired to the con-
trarie, by the Lonzes and great effates of the Kings Court:
and that the Prince had commanded, to give the lefte occa-
sion

Tres Licesse

Henrie the fourth.

tion of milkruff to the King his father, but he himselfe only
accompanied of the kings house, passed forth to the king his
Father, to whom after due salutation) he desired to showe
the intent of his minde in secrete manner. Then the Kyng
caused himselfe to be boorne in his chapeze into his secrete
chamber (bycause he was deſeased and might not goe) wher
in the presence of thée or ſoure persons, in whom the King
had moſt confidence, he commaunded the Prince to showe
the effect of his minde: Then the Prince knæling down be-
ſore his Father, ſaide to him these words, moſt redoubted
Lord and Father, I am this time come to your presence,
as your liegeman, and as your ſonne naturall, in all thyngs
to obay your grace as my ſoueraigne Lord and father. And
whereas I understand yee haue me ſuspect of my behauiour
againſt your grace, and that yee ſeare I would uſurpe your
Crowne againſt the pleasure of your highneste, of my co-
uerſation your grace knoweth that if yee were in ſeare of
any man, of what eſtate ſoever he were, my duetie were to
the endaungering of my life to puniſhe that person, therby
to race that ſore from your hearte. And then howe muche
rather oughte I to ſuffer death to bring your grace from the
ſeare that yee haue of me that am your naturall ſonne, and
your liegeman. And to that intente I haue this daye by
confession and recepuing the Sacramente, prepared my
ſelſe, and thereſore moſte redoubted Loſde and Father, I
belſeche you in the honour of God, for the eating of your
harte, heretoſore your knæs to flea me with this dagger,
and at that Loſde wyth all reverence he deliuered to the
King his dagger, ſaying my Loſde and Father my lyſe is
not so deſtrous to me, that I woulde liue one daye that
Shoulde be to you displeasure, no, I couet not so much my
life as I doe your pleasure and welfare, and in your thus
doing, here in the presence of these L ORD es, and to ſoſor
God at the daye of iudgement I clearelye ſoſgiue you my
beathe. At these words of the Prince, the King taken with
compassion of hearte, cauſt from him the dagger, and imſa-
ring

Do.
ring

Henrie the fourth.

ing the Prince killed him, and with effusion of teares faide
unto him, my right deare and hartily beloved Sonne, it is of
trueth that I had you partly suspecte, and as I now per-
repue, undeserved on your partie: but seeing this your hu-
militie and faithfulness, I shall neyther lay you, no, from
henceforth haue you any moze in mistruff, so no report that
shall be made unto me, and thereof I assure you upon mine
honour. Thus by his great wisedome was the Wlongfull i-
magination of his Fathers hate bettely auoyded, and hym-
felke restored to the Kings sozmer grace and fauour.

After thys, as was reported by the Earle of Ormonde (to
the translatour of myne autho: Titus Liuius) the King gave
to his Sonne the Prince, diverse notable doctrines, & infligne-
ments, among which eruditiòs, one is this: the King lying
grieuously diseased, called before him the Prince his Sonne,
& layd unto him: By Sonne, I seare me soze after my depar-
ture from this life, some discord that grow & arise betwene
thæ and thy brother Thomas Duke of Clarence, whereby the
realme may be brought to destruction and miserie, so I
knowe you both to be of greate Comacke and courage.
Wherefore I seare that he throughe his high mynde will
make some enterprise against thæ, intending to burpe up-
on thæ, whiche I knowe thy Comacke maye not abyde ea-
sily. And soz dreade hereof, as soke as it is in my remem-
braunce, I soare repente me, that euer I charged my selfe
wyth the Crowne of this Realme. To these words of the
King the Prince aunsweread thus : Righte redoubted
Lorde and Father to the pleasure of God your grace
shall long continue with vs, and rule vs both: but if God
haue so provided that euer I shall succède you in thys
Realme, I shall honour and loue my breathen above all
menne, as long as they be to me true, laythfull and obedi-
ente, as to thep: soueraigne Lord, but if anye of them soz-
tune to conspyze or rebell againstke mee, I assure you I
shall as Sonne execute office upon one of them, as I shall.

bypas.

Henrie the fourth.

upon the workt and most simplest person within this your
Realme.

The lyng hearing thys aunswere, was there-
with maruellouslype reioyced in hys mynde, and sayde :
My deare and wel beloued Sonne, wypth thys aunswere
thou hafte delivered me of a greate and ponderous ago-
nye: and I beseeche thée, and oppon my blessing charge
thée, that like as thou hafte sayde, so thou minister justice
equally, and in no wile suffer not them that be oppreffed
long to call upon thée for Juitice, but redyesse oppreffions,
and indifferently, and wypthout delay, for no periwaction of
flatterers, of them that bæ partiall, or suche as vse to
haue their handes replenished wypth gyftes, deferre not
Juitice vntill to mozrowe, if that thou maylke doe justice
thys dave, leaffe (peraduenture) God doe Juitice on
thée in the meane tyme, and take from thée thyne au-
thoritie: remember, that the wealth of thy body and thy
soule, and of thy Realme, resteth in the execucion
of Juitice, and doe not thy Juitice, so that thou be cal-
led a Tyпаunte, but vse thy selfe meanely betwirte Ju-
ſtice and mercie in those things that belong to thée. And
betwæn parties do iustice truely and extreamely to the co-
solation of thy poze subieats that suffer injuries, and to the
punition of them that be extor tioners and doers of oppreſs-
ions, that other therby may take example: in thus doing,
thouhalt obtayne the fauour of God, and the loue and fear
of thy subieats, and therefore also thou shalte haue thy
Realme moze in tranquillitye and reste, whiche chal bæ
occasion of greate prouperitie wypthin thy Realme, why-
che Englishmen naturally do despye: for so long as they
haue wealthe and Kyches, so long chalte thou
haue obeſaunce: and when they bæ poze, then
they bee always readye at every motion to make
inſurrections, and it cauſeth them to rebel agaynſt theyz
ſouerapgne LDRD: for the nature of them is suche,
Do.is. rather

1580

Henricus the fourth.

rather to feare losing of theyr gods and worldly substaunce,
than the ieoparding of theyr lives. And if thou thus
keepe them in subjection mixed with loue and feare, thou
halte hane the molle peaceable and fertyle Countrey,
and the molle louyng, kaythfull, and manlye people of
the Worlde: whyche shall be cause of no small feare to
thyne aduersaries. My Sonne when it shall please God
to call me to the waye decrede for euerye Worldly crea-
ture, to thée (as my Sonne and heyre) I muste leave my
Crowne and my Realme, whyche I advise thée not to
fake baynelye, and as a manne elate in pryde, and re-
toyced in Worldly honour, but thinke that thou art
more oppressed wyth charge, to puruie for euerie Person
wythin the Realme, than exalted in baine honoure of
the Worlde. Thou shall be exalted to the Crowne, for
the wealthe and conservation of the Realme, and not
for thy singular commoditie and auaile: my Sonne
thou halte be a minifter to thy Realme to kéepe it in tran-
quilitie and defende it. Like as the harte in the myddest
of the bodye is principall and chiefe thyng in the bodye,
and serueth to couet and desire that thyng that is molle
necessarie to euerye of thy members, so (my Sonne)
thou halte be amongst thy people as chiefe and principall
of them to minifter, imagine and acquire those thyngs
that maye be molle beneficiall for them. And then thy
people shall be obediente to thée, to ayde and succoure
thée, and in al things to accomplishe thy commaundemnts,
like as thy members laboure, euerye one of them in theyr
office to acquire and get that thing that the hearte desireth,
and as thy hearte is of no force and impotent without the
ayde of thy members, so without thy people, thy raygne is
nothing. My Sonne thou shall feare and dzead God above
all things, and thou shall loue honour and worship him w
all thy hearte, thou halte attribute and ascribe to him all
things wherein thou loest thy selfe to be well Foztunate,
be it viciorye of thyne enyimes, loue of thy friendes,
obedience.

Henrie the fourth.

obedience of thy subiectes, strength and actiuenesse of body,
honor, riches, or fruits full generations, of any other thing
whatsoever it be, that chanceth to thy pleasure. Thou shall
not imagine that any such thing should have fortune to thee, by
thyne acte, nor by thy desert, but thou walkest thinke that all
come thither of the goodnesse of our Lord. Thus it shall with
all thy heart, mind, honour, and thanke God of all his
benefits that he giueth unto thee. And in thy selfe it shall be
baine glozie and elation of heart, following the holesome
counsell of the Psalmist, (which is called) *Non nobis Domine*
*non nobis, sed nomini tuo da gloria*(which is called) *Not vnto vs*
*Lord, not vnto vs, but to thy holy name be given* laude and
praise. These are many other admonishments and doctrines
this victorious king gaue vnto this noble prince his sonne:
who with effect followed the same, after the death of his fa-
ther: whereby he obtained grace of our Lord to attaine to
gethers to this and any glorious and incredible conquefts,
through the helpe and succour of our Lord, whereof he was
never defftitute. The king his father drawing to his end, af-
fer due thankes given, and supplications made to God,
gaue his benediction to the Prince his sonne, and so
pèlded to God his spirit, the next day of March Anno.

1412. when he had raigned, his yeares, fire mo-
neths and odde dayes. He was conueyed by
water to Feuerham, and from thence
by lande to Canterbury and
there buried.

(••)

Do.iiij.

Henrie the fifth.

pong Lords & gentlemen, he wold waite in disguised araye
for his owne recepuers, and diffresse them of theyn money :
and sometimes at such enterprises both he and his compa-
ny wer surely beaten; and when his recepuers made to him
their complaints, how they were robbed in their comming
unto him, he wold give them discharge of so much mony as
they had loff, and besides that, they should not depart from
him without great rewards for their trouble and veration,
especially they should be rewarded that belt hadde refrested
hym and his company, and of whom he hadde recevued the
greatest & most strokes. But after the decease of his father,
was neuer any youth, or wildnes, that might have place in
him, but all his actes were sodainely chaunged into grauitie
and discreation.

To this noble Prince (by assent of the Parliaments) all
the estates of the realme, after thys dapes offered to do seel-
tie before he was crowned, or had solemnized his othe, wel
and justly to gourne the common weale, which offer, bee-
foze was neuer found to be made to any Prince of England.

The King gave them all generall ye thankes, for theys
good mindes towards hym, and therewith exhozte them
for the seale of the publike prouerbitie and honoure of the
Realme. If anye man hadde offended hym, he pardoned
theyn trespasse, and despyed heartily of God, that if
he shoulde rule and doe all things well to the honoure of
God and the prouerous commoditie of the Realme,
that then God woulde suffer him to be Crowned. But if
hys fortune shoulde bee to doe otherwise, that then
God shoulde take hym to hys mercye, and suffer hym
rather to be buried than to enterprise the charge of the
Realme.

The ninth day of April he was crowned at Westminster,
by Thomas Arundell, Archebishop of Canterbury, after
Whyche Coronation, he called unto him all those young
Lords and Gentlemen that were the followers of his pong
Do. ity. actes,

1413

584

Henrie the fifth.

actes, to enierpe one of whome he gaue rich and bounkeous
giftes, and then commanded that as manp as would charge
their maners as he intended to doe, should abide with him
in his Courte, and to all that woulde perseuer in thez for-
mer light conuerlation, he gaue erprzesse commaundemente
upon paine of their heades, neuer after that day to come in
his presence.

About this time Thomas Duke of Clarence, the Kings
brother, came from the coates of Aquitaine, who (as we said
before) was sent to ayde the Duke of Orleaunce, againste the
Duke of Burgoinne.

The, Walfs.

A great part of the Citie of Norwich was hent, with all
the house of the Frier Preachers, and also two Friers of that
order. Sir John Oldcastle, at that time Loode of Cobham, for
diverse pointes touching the Sacrament, before the Arche-
byshoppe of Canterbury, the Bilhops of London, Winchester for
other, was conuict and committed to the Tower of London,
out of the which he shake ouer the walles in the night and
escaped, about the feast of Simon and Iude.

John Stutton: John Michel, the 28. of September.

Sir William Cromer Draper, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Richard the second, sometime king of England, which was
at the first entered in the church of the preaching Friers of
Langley, was taken up and ropally buried at Westminster with,
no small charges to the King. The B. keeping his Chur-
masse at his manour of Eltham (by miles from London) was
warned y certain had conspired against him, eyther to haue
taken, or sodainly slain him & his bezethen on Twelfth day,
at night, wherupon the king sent word to the Maior of Lon-
do'n, that he should arrect all suspicious persons: whereupon the
Maior forthwith caused euery Aldermã in his ward to keep
great watch, and about fenne of the clocke at nighte wente
hymselfe wyth a strong power, to the signe of the Are
Wythonke Byshoppes Gate, where they appreheended the man
of the house, called John Burgate Carpenter and by other,
sent them to Eltham, where they confessted before the Kyng
that:

Henry the fifth.

585

that they were confederate with Sir John Oldcastell to fight against him and his Lords in Saint Giles field above Holborne. On the morrow after the Twelfth day, the King remoued primarily to Westminster, and with a great armie kept the field of Saint Giles, so he was warned that Sir John Oldcastell, and Sir Roger Acton, would be in the same field on the next day following with five and twentie thousand people; and the same night were taken moze than four score men in armour of the same faction. Also the King being told of an ambushment gathered in Harengay Parke, sente thither certaine Lords, who took many, among whom, was one William Murle, a rich Paultmã, or Buer of Dunstaple, who had his two Horses trapped with Gold following him, and a pair of gilt Spurres in his bosome, so he thought to have bin made Knight on the morrow by the hands of Sir John Oldcastell. The twelfth of January, the thirteenth and nine of them were condemned of treason at Westminster, and on the morrow after Seauen and thirtie of them were drawn from the Tower of London to Newgate, and so to Saint Giles, and there in a place called Fickets field, were all hanged, and Seauen of them hanged Gallowes and all. The first of January, were drawn and hanged Sir John Beuerley Priest, John Burgate Carpenter, a Text writer in Saint Johns Street, and a Glouer on London bridge, and shortly after, Sir Roger Acton, Knight, was taken, who on the tenth of February, was drawn, hanged, and buried under the Gallowes.

King Henry kept the field by S. Giles without Holborne.

Many men had died, and some were dead in Fickets field.

The twentieth of February, deceased Thomas Arundell, Archbishop of Canterbury.

Anno reg. 2.

The King taking compassion upon Henry Percy a young man (who by his Grandfather Henry Percy Carle of Northumberland, was carved into Scotland, after the death of his father, who was daire in the battell of Shrewsbury, when this young man was then but a child) commanded the King that were of his kindred, and neerest friends, toolicite so his reclapming home againe out of Scotland, minding not only

D.o.b.

to.

1414

586

Henry the fifth.

to honor him by calling him home agayne, but also to make him Earle of Northumberland.

In the moneth of May, a Parliament was begon at Ley-
cester, and there was a Pozer of y Tower of Lōdon drawne,
hanged, and headed, whome head was sent to London, and set
ouer the Tower gate, for consenting to one that brake out
of the Tower, named Whitloke. In this Parliamente,
John the Kings brother was made Duke of Bedford, Hum-
frey his brother Duke of Gloucester, and Richard, brother to
the Duke of Yorke, was made Earle of Cambridge. To this
Parliament came the Embassadours of the French King, and
also of the Duke of Burgundy, but not with like intente and
purpose, for the D. of Burgundy desired aperte against the D.
of Orleance, promising (as men sayd) more than he was able
to perfourme, wherefore the King of England sent Solemne
Emballadours to them both, amongst whome were the Bi-
shops of Durham and Norwich as chief: these were oft times
sent into France, and the French Kings Embassadours were
sente hither, with great cost on both sides, but no hope of
peace to be had. On Mary Magdalens day, in London, John
Nianler Esquire, with nine of his men, set upon and slew
John Tibbey Clearke, Archdeacon of Huntingtō, and Chan-
tellour to Quēne Ioane, late wife to Henry the fourth, for
the which fact, the sayd Esquire, and soure of his men fled to
Saint Annes Church within Alderfgate, where they were
mured vp with b衛d, and watched day and night till the
rrj.of August, on the which day, they forswere the lande,
and passed through the Citie towards Caleis in their shirtes
and hēcethes, eache of them having a Crosse in his
hand.

This peare dyed the Goalours of Newgate and Ludgate
of London, and many prisoners in Newgate, to the number of
thirty-two and foure.

The tenth of September, John Claydon Skinner, and Richard Gurmonfrench Baker, in Lombard Streete of London, were hent in Smithfield.

John

Parliament at
Leycester.
Porter of the
Toyver execu-
ted.

Dukes created.

The Queenes
Chancellour
slayne.

Men forefryare
the land.

Prisoners dyed.

A Skinner & a
Baker brent.

Henry the fifth.

John Michell: Thomas Allin, the 28.of September.
Thomas Fawconar Mercer,the 28. of October.

This Thomas Fawconar Maiot, caused to brake the wall of London, nere to the ende of Colman streete, and made there a Gate upon the moze side, where was none before.

He also caused the ditches of the Citie to be cleansed, and a common prieue that was on the moze without the wall to be taken downe, and another to be made within the Citie upon Walbrooke, into the which broke he caused the water of y citie to be turned by grates of iron in diuers places.

Dur Embassadoiz, the Bishops of Durham & Norwich, returning now the second time out of France, declared to the King, that the Frenchmen did but vse kraude and deceptives, wherefore the King being stirred vp vnto anger, determined to abate their soznings, and to teach them to understaod their folly, in awaking of a sleeping Dogge : and so forthwith, the King commanded all the Przelates, and Nobles of the Realme, to come to London, there to intreate of waighty affaires concerning y Realme, at y which time, the Archbishop of Canterbury held a great counsaple, in y which were chosen certayne of the Cleargie of England, to go to the generall Counfell that should be holden at Constance, a Citie of Germany, and so there were sent the Bishops of Salisbury, Bath, and Hereford, and with them the Abbot of Westminster, and the Prior of Worcester, and many other wive men, in company of the Earle of Warwike, whose presence did the much honour.

This peare, the order of Church seruice throughout England was changed, from the vse of Saint Paule, to the vse of Salisbury, which was to the great disliking of many men in those dayes.

When King Henry perceyued that the Frenchmen had with deceite entreated him with fapned promises, and faire words, he gathered his nany togither, apointed his bowme & men of armes, prepared his engins, & all things necessary for warres, commanding all y should go with him, to be ready against.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Moorgate
first made in the
wall of London.

Anno reg. 30.
1415

Order of
Church seruices
in England
altered.

588

Henry the fifth.

against the keast of Saint John Baptist, and to meete him at Hampton.

The eyghfenth day of June, King Henry with many
Lords and others rode from London toward South-hampton,
the Matoz, Aldermen, and Craftes of the Citie accompany
ing him on his way to the Towne of Kingston upon Thame,
whilest the King lap at South-hampton, where he abode for
his retinue and kuffe longing to the warres.

On the last of July was discovered a great conspiracie
against him, by thzee Lords, in whome of all the rest he put
greatek truff and confidence: the chiefest of them was Hen-
ry Scrope, Lord Treasurer: the second, Richard Earle of
Cambridge, brother to Edward Duke of Yorke, and Sir Tho-
mas Grey, a Knight of the North, these had made Edmond
Earle of March to sware upon a Boke, not to disclose
their counsell, and then tolde him that they thought to fley
the King, and to make the sayd Edmond King, the which if
he refused to take vpon him, they would fley him: wherevpon,
the Earle prayde them to give him one hours space
to take aduifement what was best to doe, whiche being
granted, the Earle went secretly and told the King thereof,
who caused them forthwith to be appzehended, and brought
before him, where they confessed the treason, for the which,
on the sixth of Auguſt they were arreigned in the Kings pre-
sence, and the same day all thze beheaded. The Earle was
buried head and all, but the other heads were sente, the one
to Yorke, the other to Newcastle upon Tine, and there set vp.

On the eleuenth of Auguſt, the King toke shipping, and
entred the Sea with a thousand Sayle, Enguerant sayth
1600. Sayles, and the third night after arrıued at Kedeaux
in Normandy, whiche is betwicte Hereſlete and Humſlete, of
whose comming, all the Cities, and States of those parties
being aduertised, were striken with great ſeare. The King,
the Dukes of Clarence and of Gloſeſter his bræthren, the
Duke of Yorke his Unkle, the Earles, Barons, Knightes,
Gentlemen, and ſouldiours, take their anckers there, and
toke

Conspiracy
disclosed.
Tho. W. alf.
Regist. Maior.

King Henry
tayled into
Normandy.
Tho W. alf.
Titus Liuinus,
Enguerant.

Henry the fifth.

ske land without any resistance, and the King soothwith
falling to the ground upon his knees, devantelpayde to
God that to his hono: he would give him justice of his eni-
mies. He had at his landing in his holl fire thousande
Speares, and xxiiiij. thousand switemen, besides Gunners,
and other enginars, artificers, and labourers, of whome the
King had great abundance.

The King gaue to diuers Gentlemen the order of
Knighthode, and assigned the bearing of his Standards
and Banners to such me as he knew to be of great strength
and prouelle. All thing being set in good order and array,
the King with all his holl ascended to the toppe of an high
hill there nigh, and there he restid the next day.

Titus Rius.

In the sixteenth day of August, the Duke of Clarence,
leader of the sozeward, in good ordinance, entred his tour-
ney towarde a Towne called Herefleete, distant from Kede
camp scarcely three leagues, where he lodged his holl in a
field before the towne. The King at his comming, lodged
himselfe nigh to the first warde, not farre from the Towne.
The Earle of Suffolk, Michael at Poole, Chieftayne of the
rereward, lodged on the other side before the Towne. D-
ther noble men that had the conduct of the two wings, lod-
ged them, one on the right hand, the other on the left. Foorth-
with were sent to the Towne, men of armes in great num-
ber, to see the situation thereof, who shortly returned with
a great pray of Cattell, and envoied the King of all his
demaundes.

Hereflete is the key of the see of all Normandy, and is scitu-
ate upon the Sea side, by the Riuer of Seene, betwirte two
hilles, and through the middle thereof runneth a Riuer,
whiche not farre from the same Towne entreth into the
Seane, and from thence, both those Riuers in one descende
into the Sea, where as a great and godly Hauen is, belon-
ging to the same Towne, which Hauen, is garnished with
the defence of two faire and strong Towers: and in the
same Hauen a right great Paule of Shippes may ride in
safetie:

Enquerant.
Description of
Herefleete.

Henry the fifth.

fabetie : and if the inhabitants of this Towne enclose and
keepe within the Towne the course of the fozeleyd Riuer
by their sluces, as they may right well do, then the Riuer
riseth without the Towne so high, that it fozecloseth all en-
tries to the walles, so that no man may appych the towne
on that part. This Towne is also defended with high
and thicke walles and towers, and is also environed with
broade and deepe ditches. To this Towne also belon-
geth only two Gates for entries, the one called Culturan-
ces, the other Moustrouillier. In this Towne, besides the in-
habitants thereof, for the defence of the same, were soure
hundred men of armes deputed in Garrison, amongst
whome, were these Lords, Lord Discouteule, chiefe Cap-
tayne of the Towne, Lord Blanuile, Lord Haqueule, Lord
Harmanuile, Lord Eancourt, Lord Gaillard Bos, and diuers
other Lords and men erpert in warre. The King com-
manding the Duke of Clarence to alloge the Towne, he en-
deuoured to conuey his people oner the Riuer, in the pas-
sage whereof, he had a great skirmish with the inhabitants
of the Towne, but at the last his aduerfaries being put to
flight, recopled within the walles. The Duke conuayde
ouer the Riuer all his ward and company, and bycause the
Riuer deuided the Kings Camp from the Dukes, they or-
deyned a ready and sure passage ouer the same Riuer be-
twixt both the Campes, to the keeping whereof, certaine
Gentlemen were appoynted, so that theyz enemies
mpghe not endomage them nepther by Water nor
Lande.

Titus Liuinus.

In this meane time befell a great misadventure to the
Frenchmen that were beswaged, for the Connepouder and
Chotte that was sent vnto them by the French King, was en-
countred upon the Sea by the Englishmen, and taken, to their
great displeasure and domage.

Enguerant.

The King gaue the charge of the fielde to his brother
Humfrey Duke of Glocester. On the same side the Riuer
that the King lay, was a Duke of York, high Conneitable.

Titus Liuinus.

Henry the fifth.

of England lodged with his band. When every man was placed, he Towne was so freightly allæged, that all entries and issues of the Towne were stopped, so they of his towne were in dispaire to have any succour from the Realme of France. Many engins were repsed by the English, which in short time should have bin the destruction of the walles, if they of the Towne had not the owner stopped the River of the same towne within, whereby the water gathered & reised without the towne betwixt the King and the D. of Clarence, to the semblance of a little Sea, which caused the Englishmen to withdraw their Connes, and other engins, whereby at that time the walles were saued. Then the King caused to be made under the water three great Hines onto the walles of the towne, which in like maner had bin the cause of their ruine, if the inhabitants had not countermined them, and lefted their purpose. The inhabitants of the Town perception themselues thus freightly allæged, as well by Land as by Sea, conuayde all their Shippes within their Hauë, and bound them together with cheynes, and in the two towers that were made so the defence of the Hauen, they put certaine Garrisons, and armed men, who oftentimes attempted to inuade the Kings Panie, but at all times they were by his Shippes beaten, and constreyned to recule still within their Hauen: at the last, the Captaynes and inhabitants considering that by such skirmishes (as well upon the Land as upon the Sea) they gained nothing, took this appointment with the King, that if they were not rescued by the Frenchmen within certaine daves limited, they should then deluyer into his hands the Towne, with thirtie persons of the greatest and most noble within the Towne, suche as the King would desire, to be ordered at the Kings pleasure, and all the residue, as well menne of Warre, as the inhabitants of the same Towne, without armoure, and leaving behynde them their goods, they should freely goe where they woulde, so the suretie of whyche appoyntemente to be kept, they delivered.

unco.

Enguérans.

Tinus Linus.

Henry the fifth.

unto the King twelve of their greatest personages for pledges. The Captaynes and inhabitants of the Towne living their day of appoyntment to approach, and themselves bitterly desperate of any succours of their people, or depending to perfourme their covenant at their day prefixed, which was the xij.of September, on which day came Sir Lionell Braquemont, gouvernour of the Towne, unto the King, and knæling before him, said: Halt victorious Prince, beholde here the kepes of this Towne, which after our promise I yeeld unto you, with the Towne, my selfe, and my company. Then were brought to the King the Lord Coteuile, the Lord Gangcourt, and other, to the number of thirtie, and all the residue, as well souldiours, as inhabitants, were suffered unarmed to depart. The King constitute Captayne of the Towne Sir Thomas Beawford Earle of Dorset his Tinkle, to whome he also committed two thousand souldiers, chosen men of his holt. Then considering that winter drew on, as also the louse of their men, by reason of the flip then reigning amongst them, by which infirmity, died Michaell at Poole, Earle of Suffolk, the Bishop of Norwich, the Lord Beawmont, and others, and of the commons, to the number of two thousand and above. King Henry created the sonne of Michaell at Poole, Earle of Suffolk, who liued not long after.

After King Henry had remepted at Harefleete sixtiene dapes, after y deliverie of the Towne, and of the Towers, he departed from thence towards Caleis, whereof, when his enimies were aduertised, and also by what way he intended to palle, all the people of the Countrey, Cities, and Townes, were maruelloullie oppressed with seare, wherefoe they halted them to defensible places, and other that were apt to warre, toke them to their hozles, and altemed them togither in great number, with no small company of footemen, and in all that they might they oppressed the Englishmen.

The Kings holt kept an eale pace, without making any half,

Enguerau.

Titus Liuies.

Henry the fifth.

593

half, and when they approached the Towne of Ewe, their enemies assayed them in the fieldes with great force and noyse, where on both parties it was foughten soe and vizgozouly: but the Frenchmen reculed to the Towne, where they were in good suretie. From thence the King departed, and came to a passage of the Riuer of Some, which the Frenchmen call Blankhestoke, or Blanch-tache. This passage, at the comming onto it, was fired with sharp slakes by their enimies, so that they could not paille there, but were constreptned to go farther, seeking their passage, until they came directly to haue the Citie of Amiens and the Castell of Gorby on their left side, where they of the sayde Citie began with them a new fight: but they were some forced by the English to returne to their Citie agayne. The rir. of October the King passed the Riuer of Some, at the passage of Vienna, and Bethew-court, and wente then to lodge him at Mouche-legach, from whence he advanced him towardes the Riuer of Miramont. In the meane time, the French King, and the Duke of Guyen his sonne, then Dolphin, purposing to resift the Englishmen, came to Roane, from whence, they sent threé Heraults to the King of England, to give understanding that he should not escape without battayle: onto whose the sayde King answered, All things be done at the pleasure of God, I will keepe the right way towardes Cauleis: if our aduerfaries do attempt to diffurbe us in oure iournep, we thinke they shall not do it without their owne great danger and perill. From thence, King Henry re moued to a Village called Forceuile, aduancing his hoff to wardes the Riuer of Miramont, and the next day they passed by the Chene, and the King lodged that night at Bonyers lestaillon. The next day the King removed onto Bangy. The next day late in the night the King came to a Village na med Agencourt, Enguerant Sapeth Masencelles, where they lodged not diffant from the French hoff not above two hundred and fiftyte spaces. The Frenchmen fired their Banners and Standerts with the Banner Royall, whereof the Conne

Enguerant.

Titus Liuies.

Enguerant.

Titus Liuies.

Enguerant.

594

Henry the fifth.

Connestable had the conduct, in the field by them denoted
and chosen, which was in the Countie of S. Paule, in the ground
of Agencourt, by whiche the day following, the Englishmen
should pass to go to Caleus.

The next day of October, the King of England in the mooring very early set forth his hock in array. He commanded that his Hozzles and other carriages should be left in the Village where he had lodged. The order of his field was thus: The middle battell whereof the King was conductor, was set in the midst of the field, directly against the middle battell of his aduersaries. On the right side was the first battell, and therewith the right wing: and on the left side the last battell, and the left wing. And these battaples toping nigh together, by the prouidence of God, proued unto this King a defensible place for his hock, for the Village wherein he was lodged before, defended his hock from all inuasions on the backe, and the field wherein he was, was defended on both sides with two small Riners.

This noble King was armed with sure and right
beautifull armour. On his head a bright Helmet, where-
upon was set a Crowne of Gold, repleate with pearle and
pretious stones, marvellous rich. In his Shield he bare
the armes both of England and France. And thus armed, he
was mounted upon a goodly great Hozzle, and after hym
were ledde certayne noble Hozzles, with their bridles and
trappers of Gold and Smithes worke, and upon them also were
beaten the Armes of England and of France. Thus this vici-
rious King prepared to battell, encouraged his people to
the field that appoched at hand.

The night before this cruell battell, by the aduise and
counsell (as it is said) of the Duke of York, the King had given
commandement through his hock, that every man should
puruey him a stake sharp at both ends, which the Englishmen
fired in the ground before them in the field, to defend them
from the oppreſsion of Hozſemen. The Frenchmen had
much confidence in the great multitude of their people, and
in.

The Battell of
Agencourt.
Titus Liuinus.

Henry the fifth.

in their great Hostes, that many of their great Princes
and Lords leaning behinde them their Souldiers, Stan-
derts, and other Ensignes, came towards the Englishmen in
right great hault, as if they had bin accured of vicozy.

The battayles of the Englishmen were as large as the *Enguérant*
sield wherein they fought would suffer, which was greatly
to their aduantage, for by that meanes their enimes were
letted to come upon them at the sides and backes of their
holt.

The Frenchmen had ordeyned their battels with two
Charpe fronts, like unto two hoznes, which alwayse back-
ward was bzoader and bzoader : and these sharp battels set
upon the Englishmens middle ward, intending to have runne
thozough the whole fielde, but the Frenchmen were slayne
and wounded by the English Archers, and by the helpe of
the flakes which the Englishmen had fired before them in the
grounde, whereby the Hostesmen were constreyned to re-
turne, or else to runne upon the flakes, where many of
them were ouerthzowne and wounded, and many both
Hostes and men slayne. The battell and fight encreased
maruellouslie by the space of three hours, in all whych time
no man was taken prisoner, but innumerable were slaine,
upon whose dead bodies they that followed were ouer-
thzowne and slayne. Thus after a long and cruell battell,
there appoched no man to battell, but to death, of whome,
after that an innumerable company were slayne, and that
the victorie remapned to the Englishmen, they spared to slay
and take prisoners of the Frenchmen.

In this moztall battell, the noble King of England fought
with his enimes as a famished Lion for his pray, recev-
ing on his Helmet, and other armour, many and greate
flokes: at the last, the victorie obteypned, and the greate
holt of the Frenchmen slayne, taken, wounded, and bann-
quished, forthwith another holt of Frenchmen, no lesse than
the fircke, supposing the Englishmen now to be weetered,
prepared themselves to begin agayne a newe battayle.

Pp. 11.

The

Henry the fifth.

The King of England seeing this second assemblage of his ad-
versaries, sente his Heraults onto them, commaunding
them eyther forthwith to come to battaple, or else immedi-
ately to depart: and if they delayed to departe, or if they
came to battell, both those of theirs which were already ta-
ken prisoners, and also all those that after should be taken,
without redemption should be put to death, which message
when the Frenchmen had heard, fearing the strength of the
Englishmen, and also the death of themselues, of the pizso-
ners taken, with heauinesse they departed forthwith. Then
the King of England being assured of the victory, gaue the
greatest laude and prayse (to God) that might be.

In this battaple were slayne on the French parte, the
Dukes of Alaunson, Barry, and Braban, and the Lord of Helly,
the Lord Labret chiefe Connestable of France, the Archbi-
chop of Saunce, eyght Carles, an hundzed and mo Barons,
fiftene hundzed Knightes, and aboue tenne thousand of all
effates, whereof scarcely fiftene hundzed were Souldiers
of labourers, the rest were of cote armour.

At this battaple were taken prisoners of the Frenchmen,
the Dukes of Orleaunce, and of Burbon, Arthure, brother to
the Duke of Briteine, the Carles of Vandisme, of Ewe, and
Richmount, and Sir Boumeycault, Marshall of France, and
many other, to the number of fiftene hundzed Knightes
and Esquiers. And of the English partie were slayne the
Duke of Yorke, the Earle of Suffolke, and to the number of an
C. persons in the vantgard, and of all effates on the English
partie, were not found dead aboue by C. in the field.

When night appoched, the R. of England returned with
his hofft into that Village wherein they harbozed the night
before, where he found his Bozzes of other baggages of cari-
ages of the lea, there before the field, Holne, and carried alway
by the Frenchmen. On the day next ensuing, the King with
his people enfred his iournep towarde Caleis.

William Cambridge: Allin Euerard, the 28. of Septemb.
Sir Nicholas Wotton Draper, the 28 of October.

The

Titus Liuclus.

Enguerant.

Titus Liuclus.

Enguerant.

Titus Liuclus.

Enguerant.

Titus Liuclus.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Henry the fifth.

The morrow after Saint Simon and Iude, earelp in the
morning, came tidings to London of this victorie, soz iop
whereof, Te deum was song in all the Churches, and at nine
of the clocke, all the orders of Religious men of the Citie,
went on Przocession from Saint Paules, vnto Westminster,
with the new Maioz, his Aldermen, and the Craftes, the
Quæne and hir Lozds and all hir trayne, who all offered at
Saint Edwards Shzine, and then the Maioz toke his charge,
and euery man returned with great iop.

Regift of Minors.

The rriij. of November, King Henry arrin'd at Douer, the Maiot of London, with the Aldermen and Craftes riding in red, with hoods red and white, mette with the King on Blacke heath, comming from Eliam, and so brought him through Londò to Westminster, with all his p[ri]soners of France. On the next morrow, the Maiot, Aldermen, and 200. of the commoners, presented the King with a thousand pound in two Basens of Gold worth 500. pound.

King Henry
returned.

In the feast of the Purification, seuen Dolphins of the sea
came vp the River of Thamis, and playd there whiles four
of them were kilde.

In a Parliament begun the fifteenth of March at West-
minster, the halfepens of Janua (commonly called Galey halfe-
pens) were forbid to be used as lawfull payment among the
English people.

Halfepens of
Janua forbiddè.

The first of May, the Emperour landed at Douer, and the
seauenth of May, the Maiot, Aldermen, and Craftes of Lon-
don receive him at Blacke heath, and the King with his Lozds
met him at Saint Thomas Waterings, and so brought him tho-
rough London to Westminster. The Emperour returned out
of England the firtenth of August, after he had laboured,
but could make no peace betwene England and France.

Ann. o. reg. 4.

1416

John Benet Woolmā who had in Lödö scattered scedules
ful of sedition, was drawne, hanged, and beheaded on Mis-
chaelmas day. The viij. day of December, was a Parchment
maker of Trillmell stræte, drawne, hanged, and headed, soz
that he had harbozed Sir John Oldcastell.

The Walf.
V. Woolman be-
headed.

pp.iiij.

Robert

Henry the fifth.

Robert Widington: John Couentrie, the 28.of Septemb.
Henry Barton Skinner, the 28.of October.

In the Parliament at London, the Earle of Dorset was
made Duke of Excester.

The rvii. of Pouember, was a Begger dzawne and
hanged for dismembzing of yong chilzen, he was dzawne
in his owne carre from the Leaden Hall vnto Tiborne.

A Spicers wife of Saint Albons, and the Bayliffes wife of
Vineburie, were hanged at Tiborne, and shortly after, the
Bayly of Vineburie himselfe was also hanged at Tiborne.

On Easter day in the after none, at a Sermon in Saint
Dunstons in the Calf of London, a great frap happened in the
Church, where through many people were soe wounded,
and one Thomas Petwarden Fithmonger, dwelling at
Sprots Key, was layne out of hande, whereof the Church
was suspended, and the beginners of the frap (which was
the Lozd Strange, and Sir John Tusnell Knight, through the
quarell of their two wives) were brought to the Counter in
the Pultry: the Archbishop of Canterbury caused them to be ex-
communicate, as well at Paules Croffe, as in at other Parish
Churches of the Citie. The vri. of Apzill, the layd Archbi-
shop late at S. Magnu, to enquire of the authors of that di-
order, where he found the fault to be in the Lord Strange and
his wife, who upon the first of May following, in Paules
Church before the Archbishop, the Maior of London, and o-
ther, submitted themselves to penance, and were to do the
same, which was entreated them, that immediately al their
seruants should in their'S' goe before the Parson of S.
Dunstons, from Paules, to S. Dunstons Church, and the Lozd
bare headed, with his Lady bare fotev, Reignold Kenwood
Archdeacon of London following them, and at the halowing
of the Church, the Lady should fill all the vessels with wa-
ter, and also offer an ornament to the Alter of tenne pound,
and the Lord Straunge should offer a Pire of Silver of five
pound.

The vri. of June, the Earle of Huntington, with his re-
tinue.

Sherifes.
Maior.
Annoreg. 5.

1417

A fray in Saint
Dunstons
Church.

Records of Caunt.
The L. Strange
& his wive doth
penance.

Henry the fifth.

tinue fought with nine Carikes of Iene, and twike foure of
them to their patrons, and the Admirall of them all, that
was called the Walfard of Burbon, with all the treasure that
they all should haue bin waged with for a quarter of a
peare.

The thirtith of July, King Henry with his hoff layles
into Normandy, and twoke the Caffell of Tonke, and thortly
after gat Cane, Beyonx, and many other Townes and Ca-
tells.

Henry Reade: John Gedney, the 28. of September.

Richard Marlow Ironmonger, the 28. of October.

Sir John Oldcastell was sent vnto London by the Loode
Powes out of Wales, which Sir John was conuict by Parlia-
ment, drawne to Saint Giles field, where he was hanged by
the necke in a chayne of iron, and after consumed with fire.

The 14. of December, King Henry continuing hys
warres in France, held his Christmas in Normandy at Bayaux,
about which time the Caffell of Falasc was yelde d vnto
him, and the Citie of Aueraunce was also yelde d.

After Caster, Thomas Duke of Clarence was sent by the
King to beseege the Monasterie of Becke Helowin, and Hum-
frey Duke of Glocester was sent to beseege the Towne Cher-
burghe, Richard Earle of Warwike was sent to beseege the
Caffell of Dounfrount, and the Earle of Kime was sent to be-
seege the Caffeli of Milly Lelisque.

About the feast of the holy Trinitie, the King sent Tho-
mas Duke of Excester his Ankle into Normandy, with fis-
tene thousand men of armes.

In the moneth of June, King Henry beseeged the noble
Towne of Louens, and compelled them within, to yelde ta
him vpon conditions, on the euen of Saint Iohn Baptist.

Then the King on the rjij. of June, remoned his armie
towards Pount large, where he layde his sege on the one side
of þ Towne, by the middle whereof, the Riuer of Seene hath
his course, but could haue no paſſage ouer the riuer to lap
ſege on þ other ſide, for þ bridge which was without þ town

Pp.tiiij. was

Sherifes. ?

Maior. 5

Tho.W.als.

Tho.W.als.

Anno reg. 6.

1418

Titus Lu�us?.

Henry the fifth.

was defended with a strong Tower, and a Garrison, but
King Henry commanded to make Boates of wickers, and
those to be closed in Beaultes Skinnes, by which Boates,
on the fifth of July, the Duke of Clarence with his compa-
nie passed over secretly in great number, and then besetged
the other side of the Towne : but by cause the River of Seene
divided his holt, whereby if any ther part should have need
of other, they could not come togither for the River, the
King caused to be made so many small square Boates of
the wicker aforesayd, that being tyed togither, and cast into
the River, he made of them a Bridge. When the inhabitants
and Garrisons perceyued them thus enuironed in all
partes, they agreed with the King, that if within fivehune
dayes they were not deliuered from his seege, they should
deliuer to the King the Towne and Castell, and when
the day was come, they perfourmed promise : and this was
the first Bridge ouer the River of Seene that the King sub-
dued to his power.

After the King had thus obteyned that Bridge ouer the
River of Seene, and that there was none other River o:
floud mighte lette his iourney, with all the hault he might,
he entred hys iourney towardes Roane. The Citizens
hearing the appoche of their enimes, and fearing leaft
they should be lodged in the Suburbes where were
muche larger than the Citie was within the walles, and
was also muche replenished with Monasteries, Chur-
ches, and Towners, burned the same, and made all even
with the grounde. To this Citie on the thirtith day of Ju-
lye thys victorious King appoched, against whome
came the Citizens with they Garrisons and men of
warre, where the more parte of all that day they con-
tinued in battell, and fought soze on both partes, but the
Frenche were forced to seeke their succour within the walles
of the Citie, whome in they recoyle the King pursued still
before the Citie, where he ordered his seege in this maner.
First, the King with a noble company of yong and hardy men
lodged

Henrie the fifth.

lodged himselfe before the gate of Saint Hillarie. The Duke of Clarence with his power was lodged before the gate of Caudex. The Duke of Excester, after he was come to the king, was lodged with his people before the gate of Caffel, called Beanuice. Erle Marlhal was lodged before a gate called Markeuile. The Earle of Warwicke, after he was come from the Caffle of Donfounte, was lodged upon the Hil, where the Strong Monasterie of Saint Katherie was: The Erles of Salisburie and Huntingdon, were lodging ther upon the other side of the Riner of Seene: upon whom their enimies made many affaults: and bycause the Riner of Seene divided the English hoalke in two partes, the King caused to be made a strong bridge of Tymber ouer the same Riner, that when neede shoulde require, they might have free passage on kowe and hoوزe: and bycause their enimies shoulde not approach unto it, with their chips or Galleys, the King caused to be made a great cheyne to be drawen ouer the Riner, betwixt the citie and the Bridge. At that time the King of Portingale cosin to the King of England, sent a nauie of chippes wel manned into the Kings ayde, whom the King commaunded to lye betwixt the Citie and the sea, to enclose the Citie from all succours by Water. The towne of Caudbeke fearing the daunger of the time, couenaunted with the King of England, that when the Citie of Roane were taken and delivered into the Kings obeysaunce, they in like manner woulde yelde them to him, without any affaulte, and under the same appointment accorded with the King. viii: other defensible Townes and Caffels that were nigh borderers onto Roane. After many cruell battaples and affaultes, the Citizens fearing at length to be famished, naply put out of the Citie great number of poore people and other, but the hunger encreas'd, they were forced to eate their hozzles, dogges, cattes, rattes and mize: and when and other like things were consumed, they eaten. Then the plague of famine entred the Citie, so that the people for defaulte of reliefe dyed, that the living might scarcely burie the deade, whereby that noble

pp. vi.

Citie.

Henricethe fixth.

to chaffice the Rebelles as he sayde, but when he hadde
raysed to the number of eighte thousande menne, høe
bzoughte them to the Lozdes of that Countrep, that
is to saye, the Earle of Northumberlande, Lozde Cluf-
forde, and the Duke of SomerSET, that were aduerfaries
to the Duke of Yorke, and on the lafte of December
they fell on the sayde Duke Richarde, killed hym and
his Sonne the Earle of Rutland, and many other knights
and Esquiers, to witte the Lozde Harington, Thomas Ha-
rington Knighte, Sir Thomas Neuil Sonne to the Earle
of Salisburie, and Spyn Henrie Ratforde Knight, and other,
to the number of 2200. The Earle of Salisburie was taken
aline and ledde by the Duke of SomerSET to the Caffell of
Pomfrafte, and had graunte of hys life for a greate summe of
money, but the common people of the Countrep whyche
loued hym not, toke hym out of the Caffel by violence, and
smote off hys heade. When the death of these Lozdes was
knowne to the King, he commaunded wits and commis-
sions to be sent into the Chires to the people, and to goe a-
gainfte the Rebelles into the Northe to supprèlle them, but
they of the Northe came sodainelpe downe to the Town of
Dun Staple, robbing all the Countrep and people as they
came, spopling Abbayes, Priories, and Parish Churches,
bearing awaye Chaliffes, bokes, ornamentes and other,
whatsoever was worth the carriage, as thoughe they had
bin Sarifens and no Chriftians, againfte whom, the twelftth
of Febzuarie, the Duke of Norfolke and Suffolk, the Erles
of Warwicke and Arundale, the Lord Bonuile and other, with
the King, wente out of London towarde Saint Albons, and
when they heard that they of the Northe were so
nyghe, they toke a fielde beſide a little Towne cal-
led Sandridge not farre from Sainte Albons, on Barnarde
Heathe, in a place called No mans Lande, where the Kyng
Loode and sawe hys menne flayne on bothe Spdes,
tyll at the lafte thzoughe the wypdzrawpyng manye of

Py.ij. the

703

Henric the sixth.

the Kentishmen with their Captaine Loulace that was the
baward, King Henries parte lost the fielde, the Lords fled,
and the King wente to Quene Margaret that was come v
the Northerne men and hyz sonne Edwarde. The Earle of
Warwicke wente towarde the Earle of Marche that was
comming towarde London out of Wales. The Lord Bonile
woulde haue withdizawen him, but the King affured hym
to haue no bodyipe harme: neuerthelesse at the instance
of the Quene, the Duke of Excester, and the Earle of
Denonsnire, he was beheaded at Saint Albons, and wyth
hym hyz Thomas Kyriell of Kente. This battaple was
fought on Shroue Twedap the seauenté nth of Febru ary,
in the whiche was slain. 1916. persons. The same day Tho-
mas Thorpe Baron of the Exchequer was beheaded at High
Gate by the commons of Kent. Then the Citizens of Lon-
don dzeading the malice of the Quene and the Duke
of Somerset, sente vnto them the Dutchess of Buckingham
with other, to treate for to be beneuolent to the Citie, for
the which a summe of monep was promised, and that they
shoulde come to the Citie wyth a certayne number of per-
sons, where vpon certayne speares and men of armes were
sente to haue entred the Citie before the Dukes com-
ming, whereof some were slayne, some soze hurte, and
the remnante putte to flighte by the Commons, who
toke the keyes of the gates, and manfully defended the
Citie vntill the comming of Edwarde Earle of Marche,
where-throughout King Henrie wyth Quene Margaret
and the Northerne men were forced to return againe to
warde.

The thirde of Febzuarie, Edwarde Earle of Marche
foughte wyth the Welchmen beside Wigmore in Wales, neare
unto Mortimers Croffe, whose Captaynes were the Earle
of Penbroke, and the Earle of Wilshire, where he put them
to flight, and slewe of the Welchemen aboute soure thow
sande. Owen Tewther (whome Iohn Leylande sapeth
Thoulde be called Meredicke,) Father to the sayde Earle

Penbroke,

Ex libro Norwip
ensis.

["Henriceth.

The eight and twentith of February, Edward Earle of March, accompanied with the Erle of Warwicke, a mightie power of Marchmen, came up to London, where he was iop- fully recepued, and on the seconde day of March being Mon- day, all hys holse was mukered in Saint Iohns fielde, where was redde among the people certaine Articles and pointes that King Henrie had offended in, and then it was deman- ded of them whether the said Henrie were wort hy to raigne still, and the people cryed nap, nape. Then was it asked if they would haue the Erle of March to be theys King, and they sayde yea, yea: then certaine Captaynes were sente to the Earle of March, at Baynardes Caftel, and tolde the Erle that the people had chosen him King, whereof he thanked God and them, and by the aduise of the Archbyschoppe of Canterbury, the Bischoppe of Excester, and the Earle of Warwicke wyth other, hie toke it upon hym. The Dutches of Yorke, mother to Edwarde Earle of Marche, fearing the soz tune of the worlde, sente hy two yonger fonnes George and Richarde ouer the seas, to the Citie of Vtricke in Al- maine, where they remapned tyll their elder brother had got the Crown. Alfo Phillip Malpas Alderman of London, Tho- mas Vaghan Esquire, Maister William Atclife, with ma- ny other, fearing the Quænes comming to London, chypped them in a chippe of Antwerpe, purposing to haue sayled thy- ther: but by the way they were taken by a French shippe na- med the Colmapne, and at length delpuered soz greate raun- some.

Citizens of L.

doon fled.

Edwarde Earle of March, being elected as is abouesaid, on the nert mozrowe went in ptocession at Paules, and offe- red there, and after Te Deum beþng sung, he was with gret

royaltie

Edvard Erle of March toke on him the kinglynge.

Pp.iiij.,", "Penbroke, whiche Owen hadde married Katherin mother to\nKing Henrie the sixth, was there taken and beheaded, and\nafterward buried in the a Chapel of the Gray Friars Church\nin Hereford: the day before this battaple, about tenne of the\nclocke before none, were scene threæuns in the firmamæt,\nþyning a like cleare, which after closed togither all in one.", "", "", "Ere of March\nelected King.", "Citizens of L.\ndon fled.", "Edvard Erle\nof March toke\non him the\nkingsdome."]

## Edvard the fourth.

day the.rrir. of Marche fought a greate battaille betwene
Towton and Saxton, in which were flaine, Henrie Percy Erle
of Northumberlande, John Lozde Clifforde, John Lozd Neul,
Leo Lozde Welles, Ranulph Lozde Dacre, and many other
on both parties, to the number of fike and thirtie thousand
seauen hundzed and eleauen persons, but King Edwarde
gatte the fielde. Many of the Bones of these men were bu-
ried in the Churchyard of Saxton: they were firke buried in
fike pittes halfe a mile off by North in Saxton fielde, yet ap-
pearing. Towton village is a mile from Saxton, where a gret
Chappell was begonne by Richarde the third, but not fini-
shed, in whiche Chappel were buried also many of the men
flaine at Palinsandap fielde. This fielde was as muche in
Saxton Parthe, as in Towton, yet it bare the name of Towton.

John Leyland.

The Duke of Excester, the Duke of Somerset, the Lozde
Roos, the Hungerford and many other, fled to Yorke to king
Henrie, and then they with the King, Quene, and Prince,
fled towarde Scotlande to Barwicke, and so to Edenborough.

King Henry
fled into Scot-
lande.

King Edwarde wente to Yorke, and then to Durham, and
when he had quieted the Countrey, returned Southwarde.
Thomas Courtney Earle of Devonshire, was taken and be-
headed in Yorke Caufell, James Butler Earle of Wilbire was
beheaded at Newcastle, the Lord Fitz Walter was drowne
at Ferybridge.

The town of Barwicke was delivere d to the Scors by king
Henrie the fifth on Saint Markes dape.

The .rrvj. of June, the Mayd of London with the Alder-
men in Scarlet, and the Commons in gréne, brought
King Edwarde from Lambeth to the Tower of London, white
he made eight and twentie Knightes, and on the mozrowe
he dubbed soure mo, and on the eight and twentith of June
he was crowned at Westminster with greate Solemnitie of
Bishops and other temporeall Lozdes.

And on the mozow after the King was crowned againe
in Westminster Abbay in the worship of God & Saint Peter, and
on the next mozow he went Crowned in Paules Church of
London,

## Edward the fourth.

713

London, in the honour of God and Saint Paule, &c. there an An-
gell came downe & censed him, at which time was so great
a multitude of people in Paules, as euer was soene in any
dapes. And some after his Coronation, the King made his
brother George Plantagenet Duke of Clarence, and his other
brother Richard, duke of Glocester. Williā Stafford Esquier,
Lord Stafford of Southwike: Sir William Herbert, Lord Herbert,
and after Earle of Penbroke: and the sond Lord Stafford
Earle of Devonshire. After this he made Edward Lord Grey
of Ruthen Earle of Kent: Henrie Lozde Bourcher Earle of
Essex: John Lozde of Buckingham, Lozde of Mountioy: Sir John
Heyward, Lord Heyward: William Hastings, Lord Hastings,
and after that great Chamberlaine: Richard Woodvile Lord
Rivers: Denham Esquier, Lord Denham, &c. Not long after
the Coronation of King Edward, one John Dauy had his
hand striken off, at the Standard in Cheape, because he smote
a man before the Judges in Westminster Hall, contrarie to
the Lawe.

States created.

John Dauy had
his hand striken
of in Cheape.

George Ireland: John Locke, the 28. of September.

Hughe Wiche Mercer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Majors.

The iiiij. of November began a Parliament at Westminster, wherein King Henrie, his Quæne, and his Sonne, were ditherited of the Crowne: Henrie Duke of Excester, Henrie Duke of Somerset, Thomas Earle of Devonshire, &c. to the number of 140. were attainted & ditherited. Shortly the Earle of Oxford, and Awbrey his Sonne, Sir Thomas Tudenham Knight, William Tirrell, and John Mongomerie Esquiers, were defect and at feuerall times beheaded at the Towne hyll, and after that many other.

Auno. reg. 2.

1462

The, rrvij. of Marche King Edward went Northwardе so
farre as Stamforde, where he was infozmed that King Hen-
ric had procured the Frenchmen and Scots to enter this land,
in resilling whereof King Edward sent his Prinie Seale
through England, to moue men to gine him a certaine ſüme
of monep, which they graunfed liberally. The Lord Fau-
conbridge Earle of Kent, was appointed to keepe the Seas,

pp. v.

with

Edvard the fourth.

with the Loïde Audeley, Loïde Clinton, Sir John Heyward, sir Richard Walgraue, and other, to the number of ten thousand, which landed in Britaine, and wanne the towne of Conquet, with the Île of Reth, &c. In Michaelmas Terme king Edward sat in the Kings bench thâce dayes together in open court, to understande how his lawes were executed.

William Hampton: Barthelmew Iames, the 28.of Sep.
Thomas Coke Draper, the 28.of October.

Quæne Margaret wþe to Henrie the Sxt, landed in the
Poorth, where hauing but small succour and euill soz-tune,
the was faine to take the Sea againe, & by tempeſt of wea-
ther was diuuen to Barwicke, where the landed, but loſt his
hippes and goods. In December King Edward laide
ſiege to the Caffels of Bambrugh, Dunſtonbrugh, & Alnewike.
Henrie Bowfort Duke of Somerſet, to Ralph Percie, and o-
ther þeſted Bambrugh on Christmas euen, and were taken to
the Kings fauour. King Edward graunted to the Duke of
Somerſet a. 1000. marks by the þære, whereof he was neuer
paid, the Earle of Penbroke, to Thomas Fyndern, and other,
went into Scotland.

On S.Johns day Dunſtonburgh was þeſted. On þe Twelſe
euen Peirs le Braſile the great warrioz of Normandie came to
helpe the Quæne Margaret with Frenchmen, &c. xx. thouſande
Scors, to renowe King Edwardes men from Alnewike ſiege,
and the reſidue of other Caffels there. By whose comming
King Edwardes men were aſearde of the Scottes, as recu-
ling from the ſiege, and the Scottes aſearde of Edwardes
men, leaſt they had reculed to bring them into a trap. And
Henries me iffuing out, of too much boldneſſe, gaue Edwards
me oppoſtunitie to enter into the Caſſle : on the mozoſwa-
ter the Twelſe day, the Earle of Warwike made xv. knights:
these, iij. Caffels were committed to þe kæping of to Ralph
Grey, and after againe King Henrie with his Quæne and
their felowship entred them and kept them.

About Midſomer the Scots with many French & Englishmen,

laid

Sherifes.
Maior.

Anno reg. 3.

1463

## Edward the fourth.

laidliege to the Cattle of Norham, but were forced to leaus
it as they found it. The Earle of Warwike wan the towne of
Barwike, where he made flue Bannertes & rrt. knights and
went into Scotland, where he burnt Laughmaban, Iedeworth,
Galowey, and many other Townes, and returned to Barwike.

The Minster of Yorke, & the steeple of Churches Church in
Normiche were hzent.

Robert Basset: Thomas Muschampe, the 28.of Sept.

Mathew Phillip Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

In the moneth of Apzill, King Edwarde made great
preparation against King Henrie, and on Saint Markes day
Ralph Percie Lozde Hungerforde, with a great power, pura-
posing to haue diffrested fir John Neuil, Lozde Mountacute,
was himselfe slaine, with many other.

The rb.of Pap King Henries power beyng at Hexham,
the Lozde Mountacute with a power came thither, and en-
closed them round about. There were taken & slaine many
Lozds that were with King Henry, but he himself was fled
itg.daves befoze into Lancahire, where he and other liued in
caes full hardly unknowne moze than a pere. On Trinitie
Honzday King Edward made the Lozd Mountacute Earle
of Northumberland and warden of the Marches. The Carles
of Warwike and Northumberlande toke Bambrugh Castle and
beheaded fir Ralph Grey, at Doncaster. The Earle of War-
wike was sent into France, to conclude a mariage with the
French Kings sangers daughter for K. Edward, which he did,
but in the meane while, on the first of May, King Edwarde
toke to wife Elizabeth Daughter to Iaquet Duches of Bed-
forde, siller to the Earle of Saint Paul, late wife to fir John
Grey, slapne at Courton fielde on King Henries parte, which
mariage was kept secret almost halfe a pere.

King Edward toke the Chauncellozship from the Wys-
hop of Excester, brother to the Earle of Warwike, and gave it
to the Wyshop of Bathe.

In the moneth of May, the Duke of Somerset, the Lord.

Roos,

Serifes.

Maior.

Anno. reg. 4.

1464

K. E. d. v. v. a.:
maried.

## Edvard the fourth.

Roos, the Lord Molyns, Talbois Earle of Kyme, Sir Philippe Wentworth, Sir Thomas Finderne, gathered an hollé in the North Countrep, & Sir John Neull Earle of Northumberland with, r. thouland men came vp of them, whom the commons for taking, their Captaines were taken & beheaded. King Edward fearing the Lord Mountacute the Earle of Warwike, whom he had of late made Earle of Northumberland, he caused the men of the Countrep to desire the rightfull hepe Percie sonne to Henrie y was slaine at Yorke fiefde : & so Percie was restoréd, and Mountacute was made a Marques, & his sonne Duke of Bedforde, which thoulde wed the Kings eldest daughter, which by possibilitie should be King of Englande.

Aboute Michaelmas the King held a Counsell at Reading, where the Quene was thewed openly and receiued as Quene. After this wedding knowne, the Earle of Warwike and King Edward were neuer friends. The King changed the Copne both gold and siluer, and ordained that y newe Crote waied scantly. itj. & that the Noble of. bj. s. bit. d. should go for. vij. & ij. &c. A great Pectilence, and the Thames ouer frozen. In Michaelmas Terme were made Sergeantes at Lawe, Thomas Young, N. Geney, Richard Neale, Thomas Brian, Richard Pigot, I. Grencfield, I. Catesby and Gwy Fairfax, which helde their feast in the Bishop of Eles place in Holborne to the which feast, the Paioz of London, with the Aldermen, Sherikes, and Commons of duers Craftes being bidden, repapzed: but when the Paioz loked to be set to keepe the kate in the Hall, as it had beene in all places of the Cittie & liberties out of the Kings presence (unknowne to the Sergeaunte and against their willes as they sayd) y Lord Grey of Rutthin then Treasurer of England was there placed, whereupon the Paioz, Alder-men and Commons departed home, and the Paioz made all the Aldermen to dyne with him, howbeit he and all the Citizens was greatly displeased that he was so delt with, and the newe Sergeaunts and other were right soie the

Duke of Somerset and other beheaded.

Earle of Northumberland made Marques Mountacute.

Coine enhauſed.

Pectilence.

Serieants feast.
Regeſter of maions

The Maior of
London departeth from the
Serieants feast.

Edvard the fourth.

and had leauer thn much god it had not so happened.
This was then (as my Recorde reporteth moze at large)
recorded to be a president in time to come.

John Tate: John Stone, the 28. of September.

Ralph Ioffelin Draper, the 28. of October.

A newe Coine was made, a Rose Poble at.r.illings,
the halfe Poble kue illings, & the farthing two illings
fir pence, an Angelet fir illings eight pence, & halfe there-
of thzée illings foure pence.

On the,rrvj.of May Quene Elizabeth was Crowned at
Westminster beyng Trinitie Sonday, against the which time
King Edward made.rrrir.knightes.

King Henrie was taken in Cletherwood, beside Bungerley
Hyppingtons in Lancashire, by Thomas Talbot sonne & heire
to Sir Edward Talbot of Bashall, and John Talbot his cosyn
of Colebry, which deceided him being at his dynner at Wa-
dington Hall, and brought him toward London, with his legs
bounde to the kirops, where he was mette by the Earle of
Warwike, and aretted at Esfydon. Doctoz Manning Deane of
Windfore, Doctoz Bedle and pong Ellerton being in his com-
panie, with their kæte bound under the horse bellpes, were
brought to the Towze of London.

A licence was grauted to conuey certaine Cotefwold Thépe
into Spaine, which hane since greatly multiplied there.

It was proclaymed thzoughout England, that the heakes
oz pikes of Shone and Botes should not palle. t. ynches,
upon paine of cursing by the Clergie, and forfeting.rr.š. to
be payde one Poble to the King, one other to the Corde-
wapners of London, and the thirde to the chamber of London:
and for other Cities and Townes the like order was také.
Before this time and since the père of our Lord. 1 3 8 2. the
pikes of shones & botes were of such length, that they were
kayne to be tyed up to their knees with chapnes of siluer and
guilt, oz at the least with silke laces.

Henrie Wauer: William Constance, the 28. of Sep.

Sir Ralph Verney Mercer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.?
Maior.?

Nevv coyne,
Anno. reg. 5.

1465

King Henrie
taken.

Sheepe træspord
ted ouet the
seas.
Long piked
Shone for bis.

Sherifes.?
Maior.?

The

718

## Edvard the fourth.

The.rj. of Februarie Quæne Elizabeth was delivered at Westminster of a Daughter also named Elizabeth, who was long after married to King Henrie the seventh, whole Christening was done in theAbbey with whomost Solemnity that might be, and the more, because the King was affixed by his Phisitions, that the Quæne was conceyued with a Prince, which proued otherwise as ye have heard.

This were was the Lord Hungerford beheaded at Salisbury. Also Sir Thomas Hungerford Knight, sonne to the Lord Hungerford, and Henry Courteney of right Earle of Deuonshire, were beheaded at Salisbury. The Lord Stafford of Southwike, procured the said Courteneys death, to be made Earle of Deuonshire, as in dée de he was shortly after.

John Browne: Henrie Brice, the 28. of September.

Sir John Yong Grocer, the 28. of October.

John Stoton, the 26. of June.

The.ij.of June beganne a Parliament at Westminster, wherein was resumed to the Kings hono all maner of gifts that had bin giuen from the first day he took possession of the Realme to that time, ercept certaine things then named.

On Thursday next after Corpus Christi, Antonie Wooduile Loode Scales, infed in Smithfield with the Earle of the Roche called the Waffard of Burgeygne, and had the victorie of the fielde. The listes were of length, 120. Taylers parleres, and, 10. swte, and of bredth, 80. yardes, 10. swte, double barred, b. swte betweene the barres. etc.

Diuers persons Jurours in Artifes falfely forsworn for rewards, were judged that they should ride from Newgate to the Pillerie in Cornehill, with Myters of paper on their heades, and there to stand on the Pillerie the space of one houre, and then led againe to Newgate. And this iudgement was giuen by the Maioz.

Thomas Stalbroke: Humfrey Heyford, the 28. of Sept.

Thomas Olgraue Skinner, the 28. of October.

The. bit. of May beganne a Parliament at Westminster, where was graunted two fiktenes and a demy.

The

Anno. reg. 6
1466

Sherifes. ?

Maior. }

Anno. reg. 7.
1467

All the Kings
giftes revoked.

Listes in Smith-
fielde.

Jurours on
the Pillery.

Maior. ?

Sherifes. }

Anno. reg. 8
1498

Edvard the fourth.

The visit of June Margaret Spytter to King Edward the fourth beganne hir journey from the Wardrobe in London, to-ward hir marriage with Charles Duke of Burgoigne: first the ol-fred in the Church of S.Paulc, & then rode through the Citie, the Earle of Warwike riding before hir, with Earles & Bax-rons a great number, the Dukes of Norfolke, with other Ladyes and Gentlewomen in great number. And at hir entrie into Cheape, the Maioz of London and his brathren the Aldermen, presented hir with a payne of riche Basons, & in them an. 100.P. of golde, & that night the lodged at the Abbey of Stratford, where the King then lay; from thence the toke hir journey to Canterbury. The King riding after to see hir shipping, on y first of July, the toke y sea at Margate, & there toke leaue of y King hir brother, & departed. There returned backe againe with y King, the Duke of Clarence, the Duke of Glocester, & Earles of Warwike, Shrewsbury, & Northumberland. And there abode with hir in the ship, the Lozde Scales, the Lozde Dacres hir Chamberlaine, first John Wod-vile, first John Heyward, and many other famous Knightes & Esquiers: she was chipped in the new Ellen of Londò, and in hir Paule the John of Newcastle, the Marie of Salisburie, and many other Royall ships, & the mozrowe landed at Sluce in Flauders, & as one as hir ship & company of ships were entred into y Hauen, there received hir first Suno de Leleyn and the water Bailie, in diuers Boates & Barks apparelled redie for hir landing. The first effate y received hir was y Bishop of Vrightwell accompanied, & the Countesse of Shorne bax-kard daughter to Duke Phillip of Burgoigne, & with hir ma-ny Ladyes & Gentlewome, & so proceeding in at the gate of the towne, the same towne was presented to hir, the to be Houeraigne Ladie thereof: also they gaue hir many marks of gold, Trop waight, the which was. 200.P. of English Money, and so the proceeded through the towne to hir lodging, euery houholder standing in the streete with a torche in his hand burning. On the mozrow the olde Dukes of Burgoigne came to hir, accompanied with many great Effates.

On

Lady Margaret the Kings first married to the Duke of Burgoigne.

720

## Edvard the fourth.

On the ily of July came the Duke of Burgoigne to Sluce with rr. persons secretly, and was there openly affianced to the Ladie Margaret, by the Byshop of Salisburie and the Loze Scales, in presence of the Lord Dacre, the Duches of Nor- folke, the Ladie Scales, and all the Knightes, and Esquiers, Gentlewomen enuironing the Chamber.

On the vity of July being Saterday, by the Duke of Bur- goignes appointment, the Ladie Margaret remoued by water to the Dame. And on the Sonday in the mornning betwixt v.and.bj.of the clocke, the mariage was solempnized he twixt them, by the Bishops of Salisburie and of Turne, there being present the olde Duches of Burgoigne, the Lord Scales, the Lord Dacre, with the Knightes, Esquiers, Ladves and Gentlewome that came out of England, the great triumphs, seellings, thewes of Pageants, with other kraunge deuilles, and Justings, were such as I haue not read the like, and would be oner long in this place to set downe.

Sir Thomas Cooke late Maior of Londò, was by one named Hawkins appeached of treason, for the which he was sent to the Towre, and his place within London sealed by the Lord Ryers, and his wife and seruauntes clearely put out therof. The cause was this: The sozenamed Hawkins came upon a season unto the sayd sir Thomas, requesting him to lend a thousand marks upon good suertie, whereunto he answered, that first he would know so, whom it should be, and so what intent, at length understanding it, should he be so, the use of Quæne Margaret, he answered he had no cur- rant wares whereof any chifles might be made without much loſſe, and therfore required Hawkins to mone him no farther in that matter, so he intended not to deale withal yet the sayde Hawkins erhżorted him to remember, what eſttes he had received by him when he was in ptoſperitie, as by making him hir Wardzober, and customer of Hamp- ton, etc. but by no meanes the sayde Cooke woulde graunt goods no monep, although at the laſt the sayd Hawkins required but an hundredeth poud, he was kappe to depart with-ouſ

Robert Fabian.
Sir Thomas
Cooke.

## Edvard the fourth.

out the value of a pennie, and neuer came againe to moue
him, which so refled two or thze eares after, till the layde
Hawkins was calt in the Tower, and at length brought to
the brake, called the Duke of Excesters daughter, by meane
of which payne he thewed many things, amongst the which
the motion was one, that he had made to fir Thomas Coke,
and accused himfelfe so farre, that he was put to death: by
meane of which confelſion, the ſaide fir Thomas was trou-
bled as before is thewed, when the ſaide fir Thomas had
layne in the Towze from Whitfontide till about Michaelmas,
in the which ſeason many enquirles were made to finde him
guiltie, and euer quit, till one Jurie by meanes of fir John
Fogge, ended him of treason, after which, an Dyer deter-
miner was kept at þ Gildehall, in which ſat with the Maioz
the Duke of Clarence, the Earle of Warwike, the Lozd Riuers,
fir John Fogge with other of þ Kings counſell, to the which
place the ſaide Thomas was brought, & there arraiged vp
life & death, where he was acquited of þ ſaide inditement, &
had to the Counter in Breadſtreete, & from thence to the Kings
bench. After a certaine time that he was thus acquited, his
wife got againe the poffeffiſ of his houſe, þ which the found
in an euil plight, for such ſeruantes of þ Lozd Riuers and fir
John Fogge, as were aſſigned to kéepe it, made hauoche of
what they lifted. Also at his place in Eſſex named Guydy hall,
were ſet an other for to kéepe that place, the which deſtroy-
ed his DERE in his Parke, his Connies & his fith without
reason, and ſpared not Bzaſſe, Deuter, bedding and all
that they might carpe, for the which myght neuer one peny
be gotſe in recompéſe, yet could not fir Thomas Coke be de-
linered till he had paped 8000. L. to þ R. & 800. L. to þ Quen.

In the ende of Auguſt the Caffle of Harlow was wonne
by the affaulte of the Lozd Herberd, the which Caffle was
one of the ſtrongest holdes in Wales.

Harlow v Caffle
vvonne..

This yere many murmurous tales ran in the Citie, be-
twene þ Earle of Warwike, and the Quænes blod, þ which
Earle was euer had in great fauour of the Comons of this

Z. lande,

Edvard the fourth.

land by reason of the exceeding housholde which he laye
kept in al Countries where euer he sojourned or lay, & whé
he came to London, he held such an house, that of. Dren wer
eaten at a hzakekaff, and euerye Tauerne was full of hys
meate, fo; who that had any acquaintance in that house,
he should hane had as much soddē and roll as he might car-
ry upon a long Dagger.

Simon Smith: William Hariot the 28.of Septem.

William Taylor Grocer the 28.of October.

This W.Taylour gane to y City of London certain tene-
ments, fo; the which y Citie is boüd to pay fo; euer at eue-
ry sikteene graunted to the King fo; all such as shall dwell
in Cozdwainers street ward seafed at ry. D. a piece of under.

This Duke of Clarence went to Callers: & ther wedded Ifa-
ble one of the daughters to y Erle of Warwic. Sir John Co-
niars Knight Robert Hiltard, who named himselse Robin of
Ridfedale, & other, gathered an hoff of 20000, mé in y Pozth,
against who k. Edward sent W. Herbert, late made Carle
of Pembrooke, with 18000, Welch men, & Humfry Stafford of
Sowthivike, late made Erle ot Deuõ, with 6000, good archers,
which y. Erles falling out fo; lodging in the towne of Bäbe-
ry, Húfrey Stafford departed w his power, whereby G.Her-
bert & Rich. Herbert his hzother were ouercome & také by
the of the Pozth, & 5000 (Faith Hall) of the Welchme slain in
a playne called Danes more, nere to the towne of Edgcote iij,
miles frö Banbery, the 26 of July. The men of name slaine of
the Welch party, were fir Roger Vaughan Knight, Henry ap
Morgâ, T.ap Richard Vaughâ Esquier, W. Herbert of Breck-
nocke Esquire, Watkin Thomas fon to Roger Vaughan, Iná
ap John ap Meridik, Dauy ap Iåkin ap Limorik, Harrildon
ap Pikton, John Done of Kidwelly, Rice ap Morgâ ap Vilton,
Iankin Perot ap Scotes Burg, John Euerard of Penbrok fhire,
Iohn Courtor of Hereford. The Pozthzé men of name slain
were, fir Henry Latimer ſonne & heir to the Lozde Latimer,
fir Roger Pigot Knight, Iames Coniers fon and heire to fir
John Coniers Knight, Oliuer Audly Esquire Tho. Wakes.

fonng

Earle of V. Var-
vike his house-
keeping.
Roberts Fabian.

Sherifes.
Maior.
Cordvvainer
freete dischar-
ged of fifteenes.
Anno reg. 19

1469

Robert of
Ridfedale.

Edge cote field.

## Edvard the fourth.

sonne and heyze to W.Mallery Esquier: Richard Wooduile
Lozd Riuers, w John his sonne, wer také in þ fozeff of Dene
& bzoughte to Northampio, where they with fir W.Herbert
& Richard his hother were al ity.beheaded, by þ cømaunde-
mét of þ duke of Clarence,& the Earle of Warwike T. Herbert
was slayne at Bristow. T. Stafforde was by the commons
taken at Bridgewater, and beheaded.King Edward was také
at Vlnay, a Village beside Northampton, by the archbishop of
Yorke, and bzought to Warwike Caffell, and thence to Yorke,
from whence by faire promises he escaped,& came to London.

Richard Gardner: Robert Drape, the 28. of Sep.

Richard Lee Grocer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. &
Maior.

The 29. of Sept. Humfrey Neuile Knight, and Charles
his brother, wer taken by the Earle of Warwike,& beheaded
at Yorke, King Edward being presente. In the Moneth of
March & L. Willoughby, Rich. Lozd Wels, fir Robert hys
sonne, fir Tho.Delaband fir Tho.Dimoke the Kings Châpi-
on, dzaue out of Lincolnshire, fir Tho. Burgh a Knight of the
Kings houfe, pulled down his place, and toke all his goods
& cattle, and with 30000 of the commons, cried King Henry.
R. Edward gaue Lozd Welles his pardon,& sent for him, and
hauing him in cuffody, comanded him vpon paine of death,
to cause the Lincolnshire men to lay downe their hoff, and so
he wote, but all in vaine: Where vpon the Lozd Welles
heade was cutte off. King Edward dispersed the Lincolne-
shire men wyth his ordinance, and flew many of them. Sit
Robert Wels, fir Thomas Delaband, & fir Thomas Dimoke
were taken and beheaded beside Stamford the 13. of March:
and the 19. day the Lozd Willoughby was beheaded at Don-
caster. The Duke of Clarence, and the Earle of Warwicke
fledde into Fraunce, where they made a mariage betwirte
Prince Edward sonne to King Henry the firth, and one of
the Earle of Warwickes daughters. At this marriage was
concluded, that King Henry Thoulde raigne againe, and
Prince Edward after hym, and for lacke of their Heires
George Duke of Clarence, and his heires &c.

Anno.reg.10a.

Zt.tj.

The

Edvard the fourth.

The riy. day of Septem. George Duke of Clarence, Iasper
Earle of Pembrooke, Richard Earle of Warwike, the Earle of
Oxford, with the baftard Fauconbridge and many other arto
ued at Plimmouth, and an other sozt at Dartmouth, of whom
the Earle of Pembrooke wente into Wales, the other toward
Excester, p[ro]claiming in the name of King Henry, that all
men betwirt the ages of r[oy]. and l[r].should be ready to affift
the faide Lo[z]des on the behalfe of King Henry, agaynst
King Edward, Also on the Son[day] next after the feak of
Saint Michael the Archangel, Doctor Godard preaching at
Paules Crosse, declared by the reading of billes and viners o[
ther argumentes and p[ro]fes, that Henry was true & lawfull
King of England, and not King Edward. Mo[ze]over the Par-
ques Mountacute who had gathered a fire thousand men in
King Edwardes name, and was come nere unto the faide Ed-
ward, he tolde the how King Edward had SERUE him first,
making him Earle of Northumberland, and after g[iving] the
same Carlbome to T. Percy, made him Parques Mounta-
cute, allowing him a P[ies] neast to mapnetayne it withall,
wherefo[re] he would leaue to SERUE him, and take part with
the Earle of Warwike his h[other]. Wherof when King
Edward vnderstode, he fled from his h[off], besides Notings
ham, and the. iy. day of October, he with the Lo[z]de Riuers,
Lo[z]de Haftings his Chamberlaine, the Lo[z]de Say, and other
to the number of vii.o[z] vii. Carles, toke shipping at Lynne,
and Sapled toward the Duke of Burgoigne his h[other] in law.

The Queen had before that, to wit on the first of October
holne secretly in the night out of the tower of London, by wa-
ter to Westminster, & there taken Sanctuary. This time was
great watch kept in the Citie of London, for the Kentishmen had
assembled them selfes in great companies, & so had come to
the outer parte of the Citie, as to Ratclif, Saint Katherines,
Southwark, and other the suburbs, and many of them were
entred the Citie, wher they robbed the Flemmings at Blancha-
pelton, and other places, making them to flye out of the Citie
with so[z]ow ynough.

Doctor Godard
preached at Pau-
les Crosse a-
gainst King Ed.

K. Edvard fled
beyond the Seas

Phil. Comineus.

The Queene
toke sanctuarie
at yvestnukker.

Kentishmen
robbed the Fle-
mings, & chaſed
them out of L.

Edvard the fourth.

725

On Wednesday following the tower of London was peelered to the Maior, and his bezethen the Aldermen, who bezithwith entred the same, and delivered King Henrie of his imprisonment, and lodged him in the Capings lodging. On the Fryday following came to London the Archbishops of York, brother to the Earle of Warwike, the Lozde Prior of Saint Johns, and other to the number of 2000, men of arms. On the morrow following, came the Duke of Clarence, the Earle of Warwike, the basset Fawconbridge, with other to the number of foure thousand men. On the day of October the Duke of Clarence, the Earle of Warwike, the Archbishop of York, the Lozde of Saint Johns, with other, entred the Towne of London, and King Henrie being there prizenerigh the space of nine yeares, they elected him to be their lawfull King, and bezithwith rode with him throughe London to the Bishops Ballace, where he resed til the rilf, of October, on whiche day he went a procession Crowned in Paules Church: the Earle of Warwike bare his trapne, and the Earle of Oxford his towne, etc.

King Edward was proclaymed slurper of the Crowne, and John Tiptoft Erle of Worcester being founde in the top of an high tree, in the Fozrest of Waybridge, in the Countie of Huntington, was brought to London and beheaded at the Tower hill, and after burped at the Blacke Friers.

John Crosby: John Ward, the 28, of September.

Sir John Stockton Mercer, the 28 of October.

Sir John Crosby, Knight, one of the late named Sheriffes of London for this year, deceased in Anno Domini. 1475 and was buried in the Parisishe Churche of Saint Helen in Byshops gate Kreete, onto the repaying of whyche Parisishe Church, he gaue fyue hundied Markes, and thyptie pounds to be distributed to poze houholders in the warde of Byshops gate : to the repaying of the Parisishe Churche at Heneworth in Mysdlesex foztie pounde : to the repaying of London Wall one hundied pounde : towarde the making of a new Tower of stone at the South ende of London bridge, if the same were

Zz.ii.

begunne

The to vyer of
London yeel-
ded to the Ma-
ior of London.

John Fortescue.

K.H. restored.

Sherifes,
Maior.

Sir John Cros-
by hys giftes to
the Citie.

726

Edward the fourth.

begun by the Mayor and commonaltie within the counties next
after his deceasse, one hundred poundes: to the reparations
of Rochester Bridge r. poundes: to euerte the pittons in and
about London liberally. Also he gaue to the Wardens and
Commonaltie of the Grocers in London two large pottes
of siluer chaced halke guilte, waping rity. pounde five ounces
of Troy waight, to be occupied in their common Hall, and
elsewhere, at their discretions.

Prince Ed.
vvard borne in
the Sanctuary.

Quæne Elizabeth wife to Edward the fourth, being in the
Sanctuarie at Westminster, was deliuered of a Prince on the
fourth of November, who was after King Edward the fifth.

Edvard the
fourth landed at
Rauensporne.

Anno reg. II.

1471

King Edward with the Lord Haftings, the Lord Say, nine
hundred Englishmen, and thçe hundred Flemings, woulde haue
landed in Essex, but there the Erle of Oxfordes hother putte
them off, after he landed soze wether-beaten at Raenensporn,
within Humber on. Holderneffe, and there rose on him Hol-
derneffe men, whose Capitaine was sir John Westerdale a
Priest, after caffe into the Marshalsea at London. As K. Ed-
ward passed the countrie he chetwed the Erle of Northumber-
landes Letters and Seale, that sent for him, saying, that he
came to claime no title of the Crowne, but onely hys Duke
dome of Yorke, no, woulde not haue done afoze, but at the er-
citing of the erle of Warwike, and crped in euery place Kyng
Henry, and Prince Edward, wearing an Eklirche feather
Prince Edwards Ipuerie. King Edward came to Nottingham,
where sir William Stanley, sir William Norris, and Ipuers
other broughte him men, so that he had then 4000, or more.
Then Edward marched towarde Leicester, where the Erle
of Warwike, and Marques Montacute hadde soure thouande
men, and woulde haue fought with King Edward, but that
he had receyued Letters from the Duke of Clarence, that he
thoulde not fight until he came. Whereupon he keeping Lei-
cester still, suffered Edwarde to marche towarde London. A
little out of Warwike the Duke of Clarence with seauien thou-
sande men meeting with K. Edward, agræede to him, & brake
all the promises made in Fraunce. Kyng Edward comming
to

to

Edvard the fourth.

727

to London, by Walter Vrfwike the Recorders meanes and others, entred into the Byshoppe of Londons Palaice by a Pofferne, and there toke King Henrie, and the Archbifhop of Torke, and sent them both to the Towre on Maunde Thursday.

King Henry a. gaine sent to the Tovver.

The Earle of Warwike, the Duke of Excester, the Marques Mountacute, & the Earle of Oxford, with many Knights came with their hoff towarde Barnet : Wherefoze King Edward toke King Henrie with him, & preoccupied þ town of Barnet, all the night: the Earle of Warwike & his retinue remained on the plaine without the towne, chaking gúnes one at the other. And in þ morning being Easter day and þriity of Apill, they sought in a thick mist from, iii. of þ clock in the morning till x. divers times the Earle of Warwikes men supposed that they had gotte the victorie of the field, but it happened that þ Earle of Oxfords men had a barre w streames both before & behinde on their lineries, and King Edwards men had the sunne with streames on their lyuerp: whereupon the Earle of Warwikes men by reason of the myll not well decerning the badges so lyke, shot at the Earle of Oxfordes men that were on their owne parte, and then the Earle of Oxforde and his men cryed treason, and fled with eight hundred men. The Marques Mountacute was priuily agreed with þ ring Edwarde, and had gotten on his lyuerie, but one of his brothers the Earle of Warwikes men espying this, fell upon him and killed him.

Barnet field.

The Earle of Warwike seeing all this, lepte on a hozre to flye, and comming to a wodde where was no paſſage, one of Lyng Edwardes men came to hym, kylled hym, and spopled hym to the naked skynne. Sir William Tirrell Knyphte was kylled on the Earle of Warwikes part. The Duke of Exceſter kought manfully and was difſpopled, wounded, and lefte for deade from ſeuen in the mozing ſyll. 4. of the clocke in the afternone, and then beyng brought to a ſeruauntes house of his there by, called Ruthland, he had a Chirurgion, and after was conueped into

Zz.iij.

West-

## Edvard the fourth.

Westminster Sanctuary. The Lozde Cromwell sonne and heire to the Earle of Essex, the Lozd Barnes sonne and heire, to the Lozd Say, were slaine on King Edwardes partie, and on both partes to the number of foure thousande, which were buryed on the same playne, where after a Chappell was builded.

The mozow after Easter day, were ý bodies of the Earle of Warwike, and the Marques Mountacute layde naked in Paules Churche in London, that all men might see them, King Henrie with the Archbyshop of Yorke, were sent to the Towne of London.

At this time Quæne Margaret, and Prince Edwarde hir sonne had lyne on ý sea. rby. dayes letted with soule weatheryn on Easter day at euen they landed with their Frenche Paule at Weymouth, and so came to Excester, from thence to Tewkesburie, and pitched his fielde by Seuerne. Edwarde the fourth being come from London, fought with Prince Edward at Tewkesburie, on the fourth of May, twake Quæne Margaret prisoner with Prince Edward hir sonne, whom cruelly he smote on the face with his gawntlet, and after his seruants flew him. Edmond Duke of Somerset, and Sir Hugh Courteney fledde from Prince Edward and took him the field. There was slaine Courteney Earle of Denonfbire, Lozde Iohn of Somerset, Lozde Wenlocke, Sir Edmond Flamdene, Sir Robert Whittingham, Sir William Vaus, Sir Nicholas Haruie, Sir John Deluis, Sir William Filding, Sir Thomas Fizhony, Sir John Laukenor. King Edward enfring a Churche in Tewkesburie with his twoode drawne, a Priest brought the Sacrament against him, and woulde not let him enter untill he had graunted his pardon to these that followe : the Duke of Somerset, the Lozde of Saint Iohns, Sir Humfrey Audeley, Sir Geruis of Clifton, Sir William Crimeby, Sir William Carie, Sir Thomas Tresham, Sir William Newbrough, Knightes, Henrie Tresham, Walter Courteney, John Florie, Lewes Myles, Robert Iackson, Iames Gower, Iames Deluis, sonne and heire to Sir John Deluis, all these where they might

John Raftall.

Battell at
Tevykesburie.

Liber Tewxe,

## Edward the fourth.

might have escaped, tarryed in the Church (trusting in the Kings pardon,) from Saterdaye till Mondaye, when they were taken out and beheaded.

Aboute this time sir Walter Wroitle, and sir Geoffrey Thomas the Bастard. Gares Knightes, gouernours of Caleis, sente sir George Broke Knight from Caleis with 300. Souldiours to Thomas the Bастard Fauconbridge, Captaine of the Earle of Warwickes Paule, willing him to raise the Countrep of Kente, and to goe to London, there to take King Henrie out of the Tower, and then to goe against King Edwarde.

The fourteenth day of May Thomas the Bастard wyth a pytous company of chipmen, and other of Eſſex and Kent, came to London, where being denped passage throughe the Citie, he set upon Bishops Gate, Aldegate, London bridge, &c., along the Thamis side, choting arrows and Cunnes into the Citie, fiered the Suburbs, and hzent more than 60. houses, wanne the Bulwarkes at Aldegate and entred the Citie, but y Parcolife being let downe, suche as had entred were slaine, and then the Citizens pursued the rest, as farre as Stratforde and Blacke Wall, slaping many, and toke manye prisoners. Thomas the Bастard went from London to the Wealewarde, as farre as Kingstone Uppon Thamis, to p[ro]secute King Edwarde, but the Lozde Scales, with Nicholas Faunte Maior of Canterbury, by fayre words caused Fawconbridge to returne to Blacke Heath in Kent, from whence in the night he kale from the hollie with ſire hundred hozzemenne to Rochester, and so to Sandwiche, where he abode the Kyngs comming.

The one and twentith of May King Edwarde came to London with thirtie thousand men, and the same nyght king Henrie was murdered in the Tower of London: on the mozo rove he was brought to Saint Paules Church in London, in an open Cophen bare faced, where he bled: there he was carried to the Blacke Friers and there bled : and thence to Cherſey Abbay in a boate, where he was then buryed, but ſince rea moued to Windsor, where he retteth.

King Henrie
murdered.

25.6

Thus

Edvard the fourth.

Thus ended the King his transitoie life, hauing iniop-
ed as great p[ro]sperity, as fauourable fo[rtune] coulde a[ko]de,
and as greate troubles on the other side, as the krownyng
coulde p[ou]re out, yet in both states he was patiente, and
vertuous, that he maye be a patterne of moſſe perfect ber-
tue, as he was a w[or]thy example of Fo[rtunes] inconſtan-
tie, he was plaine, vp[ri]ght, far from fraude, wholy g[iv]en
to p[ra]ayer, reading of ſcriptures, and almes-de[des], of ſuch
integritie of lyſe, that the W[is]hoppe whyche hadde bene
h[ys] Confefſour tenne yeares, auowched that hee had not
all that t[ym]e committed anyp[e] moſtall c[ry]me : So con-
tinente as ſuſpition of unchafte life neuer touched h[ym]
and h[au]p[ng] in Chr[ist]inaſſe a chelwe of yong womenne
wyth thep[re] bare b[ea]ſttes layde out, p[re]sented before h[ym]
he immediately departed, wyth these wo[d]des, ſie, ſie, fo[]
ſhame, fo[ſ]w[th] you be to blame : before his marrýage he
liked not that women choulde enter into h[ys] Courte, and
fo[ſ] th[ys] respect, he committed h[ys] two b[er]eth[en] by the mo-
thers side, la[ſ]per and Edmonde, to moſſe honelt and ver-
tuous P[ra]elates, to b[ee] b[ro]ughſte vp[pe], so farre he was
from conetouſneſſe, that when the execu[t]ons of h[ys]
uncle the W[is]hoppe of W[in]chester, surnamed the rich Car[di]
nall, would haue g[iv]en to him 2000.p[ound], he playnelp[he]
refuſed it, willing them to discharge the will of the depar-
ted, and w[oul]de ſcarcel[y] condeſcend at length to accept the
ſame ſome of m[one]y towarde the endow[ing] of his Colleſ[
ges in Cam[bridge] and E[a]ton : he was religiously affected (as
the t[ym]e then was) that at p[ri]ncipall h[oly]d[aves], he w[oul]d
were ſacke[cl]othe nert his ſkinne. D[the] he b[ſ]ed none, bu[t] in
moſſe earneſt matters these wo[d]des: fo[ſ]w[the] and fo[ſ]m[the]
he was ſo p[ity]full, that when hee ſaw[e] the quarter of a
T[rap]tour a[ga]p[nte] h[ys] Crowne ouer C[rip]le G[a]ate, he
w[ille]d it to be taken alwa[pe], wyth these wo[d]des: I w[ill]
not haue anyp[e] Chr[ist]ian ſo cruell[ely] h[ande]led fo[ſ] m[pe] ſake:
manp[e] g[re]ate off[ences] hee w[illing]lp[e] pardoned, and re-
cepuing

## Edvard the fourth.

tepuing at a time a greate blowe by a wycked manne whil-
the compassed his deathe, hée onelye sayde, foizlorth, foiz-
sworth, yée doe folwelpe to smyte a Kyng annoynted so : an
other also whyche thauke hym in the fide wyth a Swozze
when he was prisoner in the Tower, was by hym pardo-
ned when he was retzozed to hys state and Kyngdome :
not long before hys deathe, beþng demaunded why hée
hadde so long helde the Crowne of Englande oniustlye, hée
replyed, my Father was Kyng of Englande, quietlye en-
toying the Crowne all his raigne, and hys Father my
Graundfure was also Kyng of Englande, and I euen a chylde
in my Cradle, was pzoclaymed and crowned Kyng wyth-
out anye interruption, and so helde it foztie yeares, well
neare, all the states doing homage onto me, as to my an-
tecemos : Wherefore I may saye with King David : The
lotte is fallen onto me in a faire grounde, yea, I haue a
godlye heritage, my helpe is from the Loode whereth saueth
the uprighte in hearte.

Thys good Kyng beþng of hymselfe alwayes naturallye
enclined to doe good, and kearyng leaft he myghte see me on-
thankefull to almightie G D foz hys greate benefites be-
flowed uppon hym synce the tyme hée firke toke uppon
hym the regitmente of hys Realme, determined aboute
the fyre and twentith yeare of his raigne, foz hys primer
notable wozke (as by the wozdes of hys wyll I synde
erprzessed) to erecte and founde two famous Colledges in
the honoure and wozlhippe of hys holpe name, and foz
the encreafe of Wertne, the dilation of Cumming, and es-
 establishingmente of Chziffian Fayth, whereof the one in
Cambridge, to bée called hys Colledge Royall of our Lady and
Saint Nicholas : And the other at Eaton beside Windsore, to
be called hys Colledge of oure Blessed Ladye. And foz
the perfozmaunce of thys hys deuoute purpose, he enfekted
certaine Wyschoppes wyth other Poble and Wlozhipfull
personages, by hys letters patents with landes and polle-
sions, parcel of hys enheritance of the Dutchie of Lancaster,

The Kings
Colledge in
Cambridge.

## Edvard the fourth.

to the clear value of well neare soure and thirtie hundreth
pounde by peare, whiche letters patents he after confirmed
by his acte of Parliament, declaring also by his will unto
his Saide Feoffees, his intent and meaning, hove the same
should be employed upon the edifications of his Saide two
Colledges, wherof in my indgement the deuice is so excellent,
and the buildings so Princely and apte for that purpose, as
I can not omit to set forth unto you the very platte of the
whole Colledge in Cambridge, even as I finde mentioned,
almoke Verbatim, in his Saide will, supposing, that if the rest
of the house had proceed ed according to the Chappell already
finished (as his full intent and meaning was) the like Col-
ledge could be so far found againe in any Chriftian
lande. The words of the Will are thus. As touching the
dimensions of the Churche of my Saide Colledge, of our La-
dy and Saint Nicholas of Cambridge, I haue deuised and ap-
pointed, that the same Church shall containe in length 288,
kote of affise, without any Ales, and al of the wideneesse of r.
kote. And the length of the same Church from the west end
unto the Altars at the Quire doze, shall containe 120. kote.
And from the Prouoſes Wall, unto the grace called Gradu-
Chori. 90. kote, for 35. Aals on either side of the same Quaye,
aunswering to lrr. fellowes and ten Prieſs Conduits, whi-
che muſſe be de prima forma. And from the said Aals unto the
Cait end of the said Churche, lrry. kote of affise. Also a Rete-
dolle bearing the Rowdelotte, departing the Quire and the
bodpe of the Churche, contayning in length rL. kote, and in
bzeadth xiiij. kote. The walles of the same churche to be in
height 90. kote imbattelled, baſted and Chareroffed, ſuſſi-
ciently butteraced, and euery Butterace fined Wyth ſinials.
And in the Cait end of the same Church that be a Wimdow
of nine dayes, and betwirt euery Butterace a Windaunce of
ſue dayes. And betwirt euery of the same Butteraces in the
body of the Churche, on bothe sides of the same Churche a
Clolet with an Altare therein, contayning in length twenty
kote, and in bzeadth ten kote, baſted and finished under the
kyle.

The Chapel.

The body of
the Churche.

The Quyre.

The Roodloft.

The height of
the Chappell.

The East
vvindovye.

The side Chap-
dels.

Edvard the fourth

kople of the Jle windowes. And the pauement of the Church
to be enhanced 4.fwte aboue 3 ground without. And 3 heigth
of the pauement of the Quire one fwte and a halfe aboue the
pauemente of the Church. And the pauemente of the Aulter
thyxe fwte aboue that. And on the Porth side of the Quire a
Weftrie contayning in length fiftie fwte, and in bzeadth. 22.
fwte, departed into two houſes beneath, and two houſes a-
boue, which thal containe in heigth 22,fwte in al, with an en-
tr ye from the Quire bauted. And at the Weſt ende of the
Church a Clopſter ſquare, the Caffe pane contayning in
length. 175.fwte and the Weſt pane as muche. The Porth
pane two hundreth fwte, and the South pane as much, of
the whiche the *Deambulatorie* thirtene fwte wide, and in
heigheſte twentie fwte, to the Cozbille table, with cleare ko-
ries and Butteraces with finiales, bauted and embattel-
led. And the grounde thereof, ſoure fwte lower than the
Churche grounde. And in the middle of the Weſt pane of
the Clopſter a ftrong Tower ſquare, contayning ſoure and
twentie fwte within the walles. And in heigheſte one hund-
dred and twentie fwte to the Cozbill table. And ſoure
ſinall Turrets ouer that ſined wyth Pynacles. And a doze
into the ſaide Clopſter inwarde, but outwarde none. And
as touching the dimensions of the housing of the ſayde
Colledge, A haue deuised and appoynted in the South-
ſide of the ſayde Churche a Quadraunte, closing to bothe
endes of the ſame Church, the Caff pane whereof shall con-
tayne 230. fwte in length, and in bzeadth within the Wals
two and twentye fwte. In the ſame panes myddle a Tow-
er for a Gatehouse, contayning in length thirtie fwte, and
in bzeadth two and twentye, and in height 1r. fwte wyth thze
Chambers ouer the Gate, euery one ouer the other. And
on either ſide of the ſame Gate ſoure Chambers, euery one
contayning in length ſue and twenty fwte, and in bzeadth
two and twenty fwte. And ouer euery of theſe Chambers,
two Chambers aboue of the ſame measure or moze, wyth
two Towers outward, and two Towers inward.

The

The Vestry.

The Cloisters.

The Steeple.

The base Court.

The East pane.

The great Gates.

Edvard the fourth.

The South Pane

The South pane shall contayne in length 238. fote, and in bzeadth two and twentie fote within, in which shall be seuen Chambers, euery one contayning in length nine and twenty fote, and in bzeadth 22. with a Chamber parcell of the Pronooks lodging, containing in length 35. fote, with a Chamber in the East corner of the same pane, contayning in length 25. fote, and in bzeadth 22. with the wyth five Towers outward, and threec towers inward. The Weaft pane shall contayne in length 250. foot, and in bzeadth within 24. fote, in which at the ende towarde the Church shall be a Libzarie, contayning in length 110. fote, and in bzeadth 24. fote. And under it a large house for reading and disputations, containing in length 13. fote: And two Châbers under the same Libzarie, each containing 29. fote in length, and in bzeadth foure and twentie fote. And ouer the saide Libzarie a house of the same largenelle, for diverse kuffe of the layd Colledge. In the other ende of the same pane a Hall, contayning in length 100. fote, upon a baute of twelve fote high, and dayned for the Celler and Buttrie; and the bzeadth of the Hall fire and thirtie fote. On euery side thereof a Bape Windowe. And in the neather ende of the same Hall towarde the middle of the same pane a Pantrie and Butterpe, euerye of them in length twentie fote, and in bzeadth seauentâne fote, and ouer that two Chambers for Officers. And at the neather ende of the Hall towarde the Weaft, a godly Hitchin. And the same Pane shall hane inwarde two Towers, and dayned for the waves into the Hall and Libzarie. And in euery Corner of the layde Mauenant, shall be two corner Towers, one inwarde, and one outwarde, more than the Towers above rehearied. And at the upper ende of the Hall, the Pronooks lodging, that is to witte, more than the Chambers for him above specified, a Parlour on the grounde contayning fire and thirtie fote in length, and two and twentie fote in bzeadth, and two Chambers aboue of the same quantitie. And well warde

The West pane

The Librarie.

The disputation
house.

The vwardrob

The Hall.

The Pantrie
and Buttrie.

The Colledge
Kitchin.

The Pronooks
Lodging.

Edward the fourth.

735

Warde closing thereto a Kitchin for him, a Larderhouse, Stables & other necessary houſings & groundes. And well warde beyond these houſes, and the ſayde Kitchin ordained for the Hal, a Bakehouse, a Wrewhouse, and other houſes of office, betwene which there is left a grounde square of four ſcoze kowe in eunty pane, for wodde and such like. And in the middle of the ſayde large Quadrate shall be a Conduit, godly deuised for ease of the same Colledge. And I will, that the edification proceede in large fourme of my ſayd Colledge cleane and subſtantiall, setting aparte ſupersuïtie of so great curious workses, of entayle and busye moulding. And I haue deuised and appoynted that the prieſeinct of my ſayde Colledge, as well on both sides of the garden from the Colledge, to the water, as in all other places of the same prieſeinct, be inclosed with a subſtanciall Wall, of the height of fourtene kowe, with a large Tower at the principal entrie agapnſt the middle of the Ealſe pane, out of the high créete. And in the ſame Tower a large Gate, and another Tower in the middle of the Waleſt ende at the nether bridge. And the ſame Wall to be creaked, embattelled, and kozpified wyth Towers, as mane as shall be thought convenient thereunto. And I will that my ſayde Colledge be edified of the moſte subſtantiall and beſt abiding like, of ſtone, lead, glaſſe, and Iron, that may beſte be had and prouided thereto.

Thus much I have enlarged by ocaſion of reading this good Kings Will: ò cunning deuise whereof I leane to ò considerate tugemèt of such as be erpert in Architecture, hartily deſiring almighty God to put into the hart of some noble Prince of this lande, one day to make perfect this roſall like so charitably begonne.

And nowe to retourne to King Edward. At this
hys coming to London, at the Bishoppes Gate he made
these Knightes of Aldermen, Sir John Stocton, Sir Ralphe
Verney, Sir Richarde Lee, Sir Iohn Yong, Sir William

Tayler.

The Bakehonſe
and Brevwhouſe
The vwood-
yarde.

The vwater
Conduite.

The precinct of
the Colledge.

The vwater
Gate..

SCI. Aldermen &c.
the Recorder
made Knights.

736

## Edvard the fourth.

Taylor, sir George Ireland, sir John Stokar, sir Mathew Plutip, sir William Hampton, sir Thomas Stalbroke, sir John Crosby, sir Thomas Vrswike Recorder of London.

The fourth and twentith of May King Edward with his hollé rode thoroogh Kent to Canterbury, and so to Sandwich, where y Balfard Fauconbridge submitted himselfe and al his to King Edward, and yeelde to him lbf. Chippes greate and small which had béene under his leading, where bypon King Edward pardoned him, made him knight and vizeadmirall of the sea. The L. Denhâ, &c. sir John Fog, with other were left in Kent, to sit in iudgement of the rebels, whereof were a greate number punished by the purse, Nicholas Faunt Mayor of Canterbury, with others, were hanged, and beaded there, the heads of Spycing and Quintin wer let on Aldgate of London.

T. the Baftard
Falconbridge
submitted to
King Edvvarde.

The fourth of June George Neuill Archbishop of York and brother to the Earle of Warwike, was delivered out of the Tower of London,

The firke of July Edward the sonne of King Edward was made Prince of Wales, Duke of Lancaster, and Earle of Cornwall.

In September Thomas the Balfard Fauconbridge was taken at Southampton, and was beheaded at the Castle of Midleham in Yorkeshire, his head was sette on London bridge.

T. the Baftard
Left his head.

Sherifes.
Maior.

John Allein: John Shelley the 28. of September.

William Edward Grocer the 28. of October.

The rys. of November the Lady Anne the Kings sister was diuocced from the Duke of Excester, by his owne fute.

King Edward on Christmas day was Crowned at Westminster, and the Quæne also: likewise the twelfth day the King was agayne Crowned and went on Ptocefton crowned, but the Quæne was not at that time crowned, because he was greate with childe.

Anno reg. 12
1472

This

## Edvard the fourth.

Thys peare were sente Ambassadours from King Edwarde to the Duke of Burgoigne, who landed at Bridges on the seconde of Aprill, where they were honozabiye receyued wythout the Towne, by the Loode Grantehuse. The names of the Ambassadours was, sIR Iohn Scot Knight Marshall of Caleis, Mapker William Hatclofe Secretarie to the Kyng, Mapker Iohn Ruffel Doctour and Archdeacon, master Richarde Marten Archdeacon of London, sIR Iohn Yong Knighte, and Perchaunte of London, on the fourth of April they were conueyed on hozzebacke to the Dukes lodging, etc.

George Neuill Archebiphoppe of Yorke, being at Windsor with Kyng Edwarde on hunting, the King promised the Archebiphoppe to come to the More (a place in Hartfordesire, whiche the Archebiphoppe hadde purchased and bued commodiously) there to hunte and make merry with hym, whereupon the Archebiphoppe made greate prieision for the Kyng, and sente for muche plate that hee hadde hydde, at the tyme of Barnet and Tewkesburie fields, and besides this, borrowed muche of hys friendes, thys beyng done, the King sodapnely sente for the Archebiphoppe to come to Windsor, where he was arreked of Treason, that he thoulde helpe the Earle of Oxforde, and so was sente to Caleis and to Hames, where he continued long after prisoner.

In thys meane whyle sIR William Parre Knight, and sIR Thomas Vahan Esquire, and other were sente to the More to cease all hys goods for the Kyng, which came there to the summe of twentie thousande pounde, Kyng Edward at thys time bake the Bishops miter, that had many riche stones and made therof a Crowne for himselfe.

Also the Earle of Oxforde that had withdrawn hymselfe from Barnet field, first into Scotland, after into France, then getting muche goods on the Sea, landed in the Wealest Countrey, and entred Saint Michaels Mounte with 97. men, the last of September, wheron he was, by the kings

Aaa. appoint

738

Edward the fourth.

appointments, besieged by Bodrigan and other, but was such favour, that the earl was called the Mount. Then was Fortescue sent to try thereto continue the siege, and King Edward sending pardons to the Erles men, so long practised with them, that at last he was obliged to submit himself to King Edward, he had been taken of his own will, so Fortescue entring upon Mount, the sixth of February, found much resistance there to have served them till after the Lord, and now after John Vere Earle of Oxford, the Lord Beau monde, two brothers of the sayde Earle, and Thomas Chif forde were brought prisoners to the King. The earle of Oxford was sente prisoner to Gwines, where he remained so long as his lyng raygned. In all whome time the Ladye his wife, myhte neuer come to him, or had anye lyng to line uppon, but what people of them Charities would give him, or what shee gotte by his needle.

In the month of September Lewes de Bruges, Lorde Granteuse, came into Englande from Charles Duke of Burgoigne, and on the thirteenth of October was created earle of Winchester openly in the Parliament Chamber.

Sherifes.
Maior.

John Broune: Thomas Bledlow, the 28. of September.
Sir William Hampton Fishtonger, the 28. of October.

This Maior above all other hys; and caused them to ride about the Citie wyth
Strumpets, and caused them to ride about the Citie wyth
Reyk hodes upon their heads, and after banished them
the Citie so ever. He also caused a pair of stockes to be set
in every ward of London.

The sixth of October beganne a Parliamente at West-
minster by authoizitie, wherby an ayde was graunted to the
King, towards the charge of his Wars, whiche was levied
of mens lands, as well of Lords as of other.

Anno.reg.13
1473

The Duke of Burgoyne hauing great Warres wyth
the French King, sente Ambassadours into Englande to re-
quite.

## Edvard the fourth.

When King Edward came to Douer the Duke of Burgoigne to helpe his passage, sent. 500 boates of Hollande, and Seland, called Cuttes, whiche are flatte and lowe, builte verpe com- modiously for transpozting of hozzles, but notwithstanding all thys helpe they hadde from the Duke, and all the Kyng of Englande coulde commaunde hymselfe: hée was above thée wéekes in passing betwæne Douer and Caleis, one shippe of Ewe toke two or thée of his small passengers, bezoze Kyng Edwarde embarqued, hée sente from Douer to the Kyng of Fraunce, one Heralte alone called Garter a Norman bozne, who broughte a letter of deskaunce from the King of Englande, in verpe god language and so excellently well penned, that myne Auchour was periwaded it was neuer Englishe mans doyng. The contentes whereof were, that the Kyng shoulde yælde vnto hym the Realme of Fraunce, beyng hys inheritaunce, to the ende he might rellaze the Cleargye and Nobilitie to theyz auntient liverye, ease them of the greate charges theyn suffapned and de-liner them of the miseries they were in, whyche if hée refused to doe, he proteccted what greate mischlefte shoulde ensue thereof, in manner and foizme as in suche cases is accustomed. The Kyng read the letter sofelye to himselfe, and afterwarde all alone withdzewe hymselfe into a ward-robe, and commaunded the Heralte to be brought to his presence, to whom hée made thys aunswere.

First that he knewe well that the King of Englande had not passed the seas of hys owne fræ motion, but by the per- swacion of the Duke of Burgondie, and the comminaltie of England.

Secondelpe that the Sommer was nowe almoſte paſſe, and that the Duke of Burgoigne, was returned from Nunz, as a man discomſited and utterlye unfurnished of all things.

Thirdlye as touching the Coneſtable (of Fraunce) he knew wel (he layde) þ the intelligence wyth þ L. of England, bycauſe

Edward the fourth-

bycause he hadde married hys niece : but would deceyue
the Kyng his Payller as he bad him, not withstandyng all
the great benefits that he had received of him, which he that
rehearsed, adding therebunto that the faide Conestable ment
to line in continuall dissimulation, and entertaine euerye
man to make his profit of him. Last of all he alleged to the
Heralte diverse reasons to perswade the Kyng hys Payler
to peace, and gaue hym with hys owne hand. 300. crownes,
promising him. 1000. moze if the peace were concluded fur-
ther opely he gaue him soz a present a godly piece of Crim-
son Tueluet of thyrtie Elles. The Heralte aunswear'd that
he woulde trauaple the belle he coulde soz peace, and
thoughte the Kyng hys Payler woulde easilipe be wonne
therebunto : but he willed the Kyng of Fraunce, to sende an
Haraulte to the Englishe Campe to demaunde a safecon-
duite soz certaine Ambassadours, that he woulde sende to
the Kyng of Englande, and to directe hys letters to the
Lozde Hawarde, soz to the Lozde Stanley, and to himselse
also to conueye hys Haralte. At one tyme in a ma-
noure, bathe the Ring of Englande landed at Caleis, and
the Duke of Burgoigne departed from before Nunz, who in
greate hafte rpydde strepghte to Caleis, to the sayde Kyng
Wyth a verpe small trayne, soz he hadde sente his armpe
to spople the Countrep of Barroys and Loraine. The Kyng
of Englande departed from Caleis in companye of the
Duke and passed thzough Bolloigne, and from thence mar-
ched to Peronne where the Duke gaue the Englishe men but
colde entertainemente, soz he caused the Gates to bee
freightly kepte, and woulde suffer but sewe to enter, so
that the greatest parte of them lodged in the fieldes. Af-
ter they were come to Peronne the Conestable of France set
to y Duke of Burgoignie one of his seruants, by whom hee
ercused himselse soz the wythholdyng of S. Quintins, allea-
ging that if hee had reffozed it he could haue kwood hym in
no kceve in the Realme of Fraunce, soz he shoulde betterly
haue loffe hys credite and intelligence, but nowe séeing

Aaa.ify. the

## Edvard the fourth.

the Lyng of Englande was come ouer in person, he promised to doe hereafter all that the Duke shoulde commaunde hym, whereof the better to assure hym, hee sente hym a letter of credite to the declaration of the Duke. Further hee gaue the Duke hys Rapthe in wypting, to serue and succoure hym, hys friendes and confederates, as well the King of Englande as others, against all men none excepted.

The Duke delivered the Lyng of Englande hys letter, and all the matter of credite, adding somewhat thereto of hys owne heade: for he assured the King, that the Conestable woulde deliver into his hands both Saint Quintins, and all his other places, whiche the Lyng easilye believed, partly because hee hadde married the Conestables Piere, and partlye because hee sawe hym in so greate feare of the Lyng of Fraunce, that hee thoughte hee durke not fayle hys promise made to the Duke and hym: and the Duke believed it also. But the Conestable meante nothing lesse, for the feare he was in of the FreCHE Lyng was not so greate that it coulde force hym thus farre, but he used his wonted diffimulation. The King of Englande reievyinge at thys message sente by the Conestable, departed from Peronne, wyth the Duke of Burgoigne, towarde Saint Quintins, wherevnto when hee approached, a greate hanve of Englishe menne ranne before, thyng that the belles shoulde haue bene rong at theyz comming, and that the Citizens woulde haue recepyed them wyth Crosse and Holpe Water, but when they drewe nere to the Towne, the Artillerie chotte, and the Souldiers influed before to the skypmyshe bothe on hoizze backe and on kowe, so that two or three Englishe menne were slayne, and some taken: and in thys kafe returned they in great rage to theyz Campe, murmuring against the Conestable.

The nexte morning the Duke of Burgonde woulde haue

## Edvard the fourth.

haue taken hys leane of the King of Englande to departe to hys armye in Barrows, promising to do maruayles in hys favour.

The Frenche Kyng sente a fernaunte of the LORDE Halles in the Lykenelle of an Herraulte, wyth a coat made of a Trumpets Banner, to the Englishe Campe, where when hee came, hee was broughte to a Tente, and after dyinner talked wyth the Kyng: hys message was chiefly grounded vpon the greate desire the Kyng hadde of long time to bæ in peace wyth the Kyng of Englande, sayng further, that since hee was Crowned Kyng of Fraunce he neuer hadde attempted anpe thyng againste the King of England of his realme.

Secondly he ercused himselfe, for the receiving in times pales the Earle of Warwicke into his Dominions, sayng, that hee dpyd it onelyply agaynste the Duke of Burgoigne and not him.

Further, he declared that the sayd Duke of Burgoigne had
for none other cause called him into Fraunce, but that by
the occasion of hys coming, hee mighte conclude a bet-
ter peace for hymselfe wyth the Kyng: And if happily anpe
other furthered the matter, it was onelyp to amende the
broken estate of theyp owne affaires, and for their owne
prinate commoditie: but as touching the Kyng of Eng-
landes good successe, they were altogither carelesse thereof.
Hee putte hym also in mynde of the tyme of the yeare, al-
leaging that Winter appzochd, as likewise the great char-
ges he sustained.

Lastly he sayde, that notwithstanding a great number
in Englande despyed Warre with Fraunce, yet if the Kyng
of Englande inclpyne to peace, the Kyng for hys parte would
condescende to suche conditions as he doubted not but hee
and hys Realme woulde allowe of: finally he demaunded
a safeconduite for certaine Ambassadours, to come well en-
fozmed of his mailters pleasure.

Aaa.iiiff.

The

Edvard the fourth.

The King of England and part of his Nobles liking these
ouvertures very well, graunted to the Harrault of Fraunce
as large a safe conducte as he demaunded, and gave him
soure Nobles of golde in rewarde. He also sente an En-
glische Harrault, with him to bring the like safe conducte.
And in the nexte mozing in a Village neare to Amience,
the Commissioners of both Princes met being these. For,
the King of France, the balkard of Bourdon Admiral of France,
the Lozd of Saint Pierre, and the Bishop of Eureux, called He-
berge: And for the King of Englande, the Lozd Howard, one
Chalenger, and Doctor Morton. Many articles of peace were
treated of, but the laste resolutions were these: That the
French King shoulde paye to the King of Englande, presently
before his departure out of Fraunce, 72. thousande crownes,
that the Dolphine shoulde marrye King Edwardes eldste
daughter, and that the shoulde haue the Dutchie of Guien,
for his maintainaunce, or 5000. crownes yearly to be paid
in the Tower of London the space of nine peres, which terme
erpiried, the Dolphine shoulde peaceably enjoy the reue-
nues of the whole Dutchie of Guien, and then the Payng of
France to be clearly discharged of all payments to the King
of Englande. Further it was decreed, that the two Princes
shoulde meete togther, and be twozne to the treatie, which
meeting was obserued in a town called Picquigny on the 29.
of Auguist.

The King of England uppon receit of hiss money, depart-
ted towarde Calais in great halle, fearing the Duke of Bur-
goignes malice, and his subiectes.

At his departure he lefte four hollages with the King of
Fraunce, till his returne into England, the Loze Howard,
and the Daiker of his hozse called sir John Cheyney. King
Edward tooke chipping at Calais, and landed at Douer, and
was receyued on the Blacke heath by the Paynz of London
and his brethren in Scarlet, and 500. commoners, all clav
in Purrey, and so conueyed to London through the Citie to
Westminster, on the 28. of September.

Thys

## Edvard the fourth.

745

This year was one John surnamed Gofe, born on the
Towze hill in the moneth of Auguſt.

Edmond Shawe: Thomas Hill, the 28. of September.

Robert Drope Draper, the 28. of October.

This Robert Drope Maiot of London, enlarged the Con-
dite upon Cornehill, making an end to therevnto.

The year of Apzill, were inhauced to the honour of
Knighthood after the custome of England, in the time of peace
his eldest sonne Edward Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornewall
and Earle of Chester, his leconde sonne the Duke of Yorke,
and with them the Earle of Lincolnes sonne and heire, the
Duke of Suffolke, the Lord Thomas Grey, the Quénes sonne,
& Richard his brother: the Earle of Shrewsbury: the Earle
of Wilshire, Mafter Edward Woduile: the Lozde Neuill: the
Lozde Barkleys sonne and heire: the Lozde Awdeleys sonne
and heire: the Lozde Saint Amand: the Lozde Stanleys sonne
and heire: the Lozde Sturtons sonne and heire: the Lozde
Hastings sonne and heire: the Lozde Ferrors of Chartleys sonne
and heire: Mafter Harbert hother to the Earle of Penbroke,
Mafter Vaughon Brian chieſe Judge: Little tonne:
Judges of the Common place, Mafter Bodringham, Mafter
Brian Stapleton, Kneuit, Pilkinton, Ludlow, Charleton, etc.
The same day the King created the Lozde Thomas Barques
Dozſet before dinner, and in the habit of a Barques a-
boue the habit of his Knighthood, he beganne the table of
Knights in Saint Edwards Chamber. At that time he ordained
that the Kings Chamberlaine should goe with the aunci-
ent and well nurtred Knight to aduertise and teache the oz-
der of Knighthood to the Esquiers being in the bayne. The
King himſelſe came in person and did honour to all compa-
anie with his noble Counſell and his handses.

Hugh Brite: Robert Colwitch, the 28. of Sept.

Robert Basset Salter, the 28. of October.

This Maiot did charpe correction upon Bakers, soz ma-
king of light bread, he caused diuers of them to be set on the
Pillorie in Cornehill. And also one Agnes Daintie a Butter-

Aaa.b.

wife

Maier.

Sherifes.

Anno. reg. 15

1475

Knights made
by the King.

Sherifes.

Maier.

Anno. reg. 16.

1476

746

Edvard the fourth.

Agnes Daintie
set on the pilch-
ric.

wyke for selling of butter new and olde myngled together,
being first trapped with butterdiches, was then set on the
pilery.

The Countesse of Oxford, deceased and was buried at
Windsor.

Sherifes.

Richard Rawson: William Horne the 28.of Sept.

This Richard Rawson, one of the Sherifes of Londò, caused to be builded one house in the Church parde of S.Marie Hosptitle without Byshopsgate of London, where the Paioz of that Cittie and his children the Aldermen use to sit and heare the Hermons in the Easter holydayes, as in tymes past appeared by an inscription on the front of the same house, now by wethering defaced, which I haue red in these words: Pray for the soules of Richard Rawson late Wercer and Alderman of London, and Isabel his wife, of whole goods this worke was made and founded. Anno Domi 1488, Ralph Iosceline Draper, the 28.of October.

Maior.

Part of London
vall nevv buil-
ded.

John Rowse.

Byshopsgate
nevv builded.

Anno reg. 17.

1477

By the diligence of this Paioz the Wall about London
was newe made betwirte Aldgate and Creplegate: he caused
the Moore field to be searched for Clay, & the Bicke to
be made & burnt there: he also caused Chalke to be brought
out of Kent, and in the same Moore fielde to be bent into
Lyne, for the furtheraunce of that worke. The Paioz with
his company of the Diapers, made all that parte betwirte
Byshopsgate and Alhalowes Church in the same Wall. And
Byshopsgate it selfe newe builded by the Marchauntes Al-
maynes of the Stillyard, and from Alhalowes Church toward
Mooregate a great part of the same was builded of the goods,
and by the erentozs of sir John Crosseby late Alderman of
London, as may appeare by his armes in two places fixed.
The companie of Skynners made that parte of the wall
between Aldgate and Buryes Markes, towardes Byshop-
gate, as may appeare by their armes in three places fixed:
the other companies of the Cittie made the other deale
of the layde Wall, which was a great worke to be done in
one peare.

Thomas

Edvard the fourth.

747

Thomas Burdet an Esquier of Arrowe in Warwike shire,
sonne to Sir Nicholas Burdet (who was great buklar of Nox-
mandie in Henry ſiſt dapes) was beheaded ſoſ a worde ſpo-
ken in this ſoſt: H. Edward in his p[ro]gresſe hunted in Tho.
Burdets parke at Arrow, ſtew many of his Deare, amongſ
the which one was a white bucke, wherof Tho. Burdet made
great account, ſt therefore when he乌derſtode therof, he wi-
ſhed the buckes head in his belly ſ moued the King to k[u]ll
it. Which tale being told to the King, Burdet was app[re]he-
ded ſ accused of treaſon, ſoſ wifhing the buckes head h[o]mes
all in the Kings belly: he was condemned, drawne from
the Towne of London to Tyburne, and there beheaded, ſ then
buried in the greyp friers Church at London.

Henrie Collet: Iohn Stocker, the 28.of Sept.

Humfrey Heyford Goldsmith, the 28.of October.

The.r[.]b. day of Januarie H. Edward the fourth solemnized
the Patrimoniall feaſt of his ſonne the Duke of Torke, and
Lady Anne daughter ſ sole heire to Iohn Duke of Norſtolke.

The.r[.]b. day of Januarie began a Parliament at West-
minſter, where George Duke of Clarence H. Edwards h[ro]ther
was attainted of treaſon: and H.r[.]b. of March after he had of-
fred his owne P[affe]e penny in H. Tower of Londō, made his
end in a věſſell of M[alue]ſey, ſ after buried at Tewkefburke,
by his wife ſomtime daughter to H. erle of Warwike, which be-
ing with childe died of popſon but a little before him.

Margaret Dutches of Burgoygne, ſent to hir h[ro]ther King Edward of England ſoſ aide againſt the Frenche King, which he would in no case graunt to do, but ſent Ambassadors to H. French King with louing letters, requiring him to growe to some reasonable agrément to the ſapd Lady of Burgoygne.

Robert Harding: Robert Byfield, the 28.of Sept.

Richard Gardiner Mercer, the 28.of October.

This p[er]e was a great mortaltie ſ death of H. p[e]ſt, not on-
ly in Londō, but in diuers parties of H. Realme, which beg[an] in
the latter end of Sept. in the p[er]e laſt before p[as]ſed, ſ conti-
nued all this p[er]e till the beginning of November, which

was

Burdet for a
vvord ſpoken
beheaded.

Engiſarans.

Regifter of the
Grey Friars.

Sherifes.
Maiors.

Duke of Cla-
rence murdred¹

Anno reg. 18

1478

Sherifes.
Maiors.

Anno. reg. 19

1479

## Edvard the fourth.

was aboute, xiiiij. monethes, in the which space dyed innumerable of people in the said Citie and else where.

This pere the Maior of London being in Paules, kneeling in his devotions at Saint Erkenwaldes Church, Robert Byfield one of the Sheriffs vnaaduisedly, knelied downe nigh onto the Maior, where of afterward the Maior charged him to haue done moze then becommed him, but the Sheriff answering rudely and stubbously, would not acknowledge to haue committed any offence, for the which he was afterward by a court of Aldermen spyned at fiftie pounde to be payde towarde the reparations of the Condites in London, which was truely payde.

Thomas Ilam, John Ward, the 28. of September.

Sir Bartholmew Iames Draper, the 28. of October.

### Sherifes, Maior.

This Thomas Ilam one of the Sheriffs last before named, newly builded the great Condite in Chenpe, of his owne charges.

This pere King Edward began his Christmas at Waking, and at five dapes end remoued to Greenwich, where he kept out the other part of his Christmas with great Royaltie.

The xxii. day of February, were five notable threes put to death, for robbing the Church called S. Martins le ground in London, and other places, thence of them were drawne to the Towre hill hanged and hanged, the other two were hanged to death.

Anno. reg. 20
1480

Thomas Daniell: William Bacon, the 28. of Sept.

John Browne Mercer, the 28. of October.

King Edwarde required great summes of money to be lent him, the Citizens of London graunted him 5000. marks which was sefted of the rrb. wardes, which 5000. marks was truely repayde againe in the next pere following.

Anno. reg. 21
1481

This pere on Whitf Monday, King Edward the fourth created the Lord Berkeley, Tlicount Berkeley, at Grenewiche.

An house on London bridge called the common slege, at prieie, seell down into the Thames, where through it five persons were then drowne.

### Scale, tempore.

Robert

## Edvard the fourth.

Robert Tate: William Wiking, the 28.of Sept.

Richard Chawrie, the first of Februarie.

William Harriot Draper, the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior.

This pere King Edward with his Quene kept a Royal Christmas at Windsor.

About the ende of Januarie deceased William Wiking, one of the Sherifes of London. In whose place was chosen Richard Chawrie, on the first of Febuarie.

King Edwarde so greatly fauoured this Maioz that he toke him, with certaine of his brithen the Aldermen, and commons of the Citie of London into the Forest of Waltham, where was ordeyned for them a pleasaunt lodge of gréne bowghes, in the which lodge they dyned, with great chére, and the King would not go to dynner spill he sawe them serued. After dynner they went a hunting, with the Kyng, and flew many deare as well red, as fallowe, whereof the King gave unto the Maioz and his company good plentie, & sent unto the Ladie Maires & hir sitters the Aldermens wines, & Bartes, & Buckes, and a tunne of wyne to make them merrie with, which was eaten in the Diapers hall. The Scots began to stirre, against whom the King sent the Duke of Glocester and many other, which returned againe without any notable battaile.

Anno reg. 22
1482

K. E. banqueting
the Maior & al-
dermen of Lon.

William White, John Mathewe, the 28.of Sept.

Edmond Shaw Goldsmith, the 28.of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior.

This Edmond Shaw, new builded Creplegate of London, from the foundation, which gate in old time had bene a pri- son, whereunto such citizens and other as were arreled for debt, or like trespasses were committed, as they be nowe to the Counters, as may appeare by a wit of King Edwarde the second : in these wozdes.

Creplegate buil-
ded.

Rex vic. London salutem ex gravi querela capri ex detenti in Recordes, -
prisona nostra de Creplegate pro.x, li. quas coram Radulfo Sandwico,
tune custode Ciuitatis nostre London, & I.de Blackewell cuius re-
cognum debitorum, &c.

King Edward held his Christmas at Elham and kept his
effete.

1750

## Edvard the fourth.

allate all the whole feast in his great Chamber, and the Quæne in his Chaber, where were dailp moze than 2000 persons.

The same yere on Candlemas day, he with his Quæne went on procession from Saint Stephens Chappell into Westminister hall, accompanied with the Earle of Angwyse, Ælwyse, and his James Liddall Ambassadoors from Scotland, and at his proceeding out of his Chamber he made his John Wood under Treasurer of England, and his William Cate by one of the Justices of the common place Knights.

Anno reg. 23

1483

After King Edward had bene long time in quiet in his Realme, and had receiued ycrelp 50000, Crownes payde him in the Towre of London, and was growne so riche that richer he could not be (sapth myne Authoz) having a maruellous great desire to accomplish y mariage of his daughter with Charles Dolphin of Fraunce, according to the Articles of truce taken as is afoze thewed, was now by the Lord Heyward (returned out of France) certified that the Dolphin had alreade ioyned himselfe in marriage with the Lady Margaret of Austriche, daughter to Maximilia, sonne to Frederike the Emperour. Which newes so highly offended King Edward, now seeing how he had bene abused with the oniust and dubble dealing of the Frenche King, that he foth with toke counsell how to be reuenged, and preparing his power to make warres in Fraunce, through melancholy (as was thought) fel sicke, and ended his life at Westminister the ir. day of Aprill, Anno Domini 1483: when he had raigned 22. yeares, one moneth and odde dayes. He was honourably buried at Windsor: he lefte issue, Edward the Prince, and Richard Duke of Yorke, and five Daughters, Elizabeth that after was Quæne, Cicely, Anne, Katherine and Briget.

(..)

Edvard the Fisk.

married unto Thomas, then Lord Heyward and after Earl of Surrey: And Katherine, which long time tolloed in euther koftune, sometime in wealth, ofte in aduersitie, at the last, if this be the last, for yet thee liueth, is by the benignitie of his Nephewe King Henrie the eyght, in very piousous estate, and worthie his birth and vertue.

This noble Prince deceased at his Palaice of Westmin.

The love of the after, and with great funerall honour and heavinesse of his people from thence conueped, was entered at Windsor. A King of such gouveraunce and behautour, in time of peace (for in warre eche part must needs be others enimie) that there was neuer any Prince of this lande, attayning the Crowne by battaille so hartely beloved with the subclauce of the people: no he himselfe so specially in any part of his life, as at the time of his death. Which faunour and affectiue, yet after his deceasse by the crueltie, mischandise, and trouble of the tempestuous world that followed, highly toward him more increased. At such time as he dyed, the dispute of those that bare him grudge, for King Henries sake, the first, whom he deposed, was well aswaged, and in effect quenched, in that, that many of them were deade in more than twentie yeares of his raigne, a great parte of a long life: And many of them in the meane season growne into his faunour, of which he was neuer straunge. He was a good personage, princely to beholde, of harte couragions, politique in counsell, in aduersitie nothing abashed, in piousitie rather toypull than proude, in peace tull and merciful, in warre sharpe and fierce, in the field bolde and hot, and nathelesse no further than wisedome would aduocate, whose warres who so well consider, he shall not commende his wisedome where he boyded, than his manhood where he banquished. He was of visage lovely, and body mightie, strong, and cleane made: Howbeit in his latter daves with ouer liberall dyet, somewhat coxpulent and borely, and nathelesse not comely, he was of youth greatly given to fleshely wantonnesse: from which health

The love of the
people.

Description of
Edvard the
Fourth.

Edvard the fifth.

of body in great prosperity and fortune, without a special
grace hardly restraineth.

This fault not greatly greued the people: so neþther
could any one man pleasure, stretch and extend to the dis-
pleasure of very many, and was without violence, and ouer
that in his latter dayes left and well left. In which time
of his latter dayes, this Realme was in quiet and profes-
rous estate, no fear of outward enimies, no warre in hand,
no: none towards, but such as no man looked so: the people
toward the Prince, not in a constrained fear, but in a wil-
ling and louing obedience: among themselves, the common
in good peace. The Loirdes whom he knewe at bariaunce,
himselfe in his death bed appeased: he had lefte all gathe-
ring of money (which is the onely thing that with draweth
the hartes of Englishmen from the Prince) no: any thing in-
fended he to take in hande, by which he should be drizen
thereto so: his tribute out of Fraunce he had before obtay-
ned: and the perefozgoing his death, he had obtained Bar-
wi:ke. And albeit that all the time of his raigne he was with
his people, so benigne, courteous, and so familiar, that no
part of his vertues was more estemed: pef the condition,
in the ende of his dayes (in which many Princes by a long
continued soueraintie, decline into a proude pozte fro debo-
nair behaviour of their beginning) maruellously in him
grew & increased: so farre soth, that in Sommer the last þ
euer he sawe, his highnesse being at Windsor in hunting, sent
so: the Daio and Aldermen of London, to him so: none other
erand, but to haue them hunt & be merie with him, where
he made them not so kately, but so friendly and so familiar
cheare, and sent benison from thence so freely into the Citie,
that no one thing in many dayes before, gat him either mo
heartes or more heartie fauour amongst the common peo-
ple, whiche oftentimes more estéeme and take so: greater
kindnesse, a little courtesie, than a great benefite. So decea-
sed (as I haue said) this noble King, in that time, in which
his lyfe was most desired. Whose loue of his people, and

their
Wbb.
Tribute,

754

## Edvard the fifth.

their entire affection toward him, had been so his noble children, (having in themselves also as many gifts of nature, as many princely virtues, as much goodly noblesse as their age could receive) a marvellous foiztrelle and sure armour, if division or diffention of their friends had not unarmed them, left them destitute, or the execrable detre of soueraintye prouoked him to their destruction, which if either kind of noblesse had holden place, much needes have bene their chiefe defence. For Richard the duke of Glocester, by nature their uncle, by office their Proteccon, to their father beholder, to themselves by others & allegiaunce bounden, all bands broken that binden man to man together, without any respect of God or the world, unnaturally contriued to bereue them, not only their dignitie, but also their lives.

But for as much as this Dukes demeanor miniftreth in effect all the whole matter whereof this duke shall intreat, it is therfore convenient, somewhat to show you ere we fare, their goe, what manner of man this was, that could kindle in his heart so much mischiefe to conceiue.

Richard Duke of Yorke.

Richard Duke of Yorke, a noble man & a mightie, began not by warre, but by law to chalenge the Crowne, putting his claime into the Parliament, where his cause was eyther for right of fauour so farre forth auaunced, that lying Henry his bloud (albeit he had a goodly Prince) utterly preiected, the Crowne was by authority of Parliamente enfeffailed onto the Duke of Yorke and his issue male in remainder, immediately after the death of King Henrie. But if duke not enduring so long to tarrie, but infending under pretent of diffention and debate arising in the Realme, to ppeuient his time, and to take upon him the rule in King Henrie his life, was with many nobles of the Realme at Wakefield, slaing, leauing threue sonnes, Edward, George and Richard. All threue as they were great states of birthe, so were they great and stately of stomack, grædie & ambitious of authority, and impatient of partners. Edwarde revenging his fathers death, depriued King Henrie, & attained of Crowne.

Edvard.

George

Edward the fifth.

755

George Duke of Clarence, was a goodly noble Prince and at
al points fortunate, if either his owne ambition had not set
him against his brother, or the enuie of his enimies his bro-
ther against him. For were it by the Quene and Lords of
his bloud which highly maligned the Kings kinred (as wo-
men commonly not of malice, but of nature hate them who
their husbandes loue,) or were it a proude appetite of the
Duke himselfe, intending to be King: at the least wife hei-
nous treaſon was there laid to his charge, and finally, were
he faultie, were he faultlesse, attaynted was he by Parlia-
ment, and iudged to the death, and thereupon hastily drow-
ned in a butte of Palmeley, whose death King Edward ( al-
beit he commaunded it) when he wyll it was done, pitcoul-
ly bewapled and soowfully repented.

George Duke
Clarence,

Richard the thirde Sonne, of whom we nowe intreate,
was in wit and courage egall with either of them, in body
or proues farre under them both, little of nature, yll featu-
red of limmes, crooke backed, his left shoulder much hygher
than his right, hard fauoured of bisage, ſuch as is in rates
called warlye, in other men otherwife: he was malicious,
wzath full, enuious, ſ from afoze his byrth euer froward. It
is for truth reported, that the Dutches his mother had so
much a doe in his trauaile, as he could not be deliuered of
him but, that he came into the world with the feete forz-
ward, as me be bozne outward, ſ (as ſ fame runneth) almo
not undoethed, whether me of hatred report aboue ſ truth, or
else ſ nature chauged his course in his beginning, which in
the course of his life many things unnaturally committed.
None euil captaine was he in ſ warre, as to which his dif-
potio was more meetely than for peace. Sundry victoies had
he, ſ somtimes ouerthowes, but neuer in default as for his
own person, either of hardines or politike order: ſt was he
called of dispence, ſ somewhat aboue his power liberall: w
large giftes he gat him undedfaſt friend ship, for which he
was faine to pill ſ spoile in other places, ſ get him ſedfaſt
hatred. He was close ſ secrete, a deepe diffimuler, loinsly of

The diſcription
of Richard the
third.

Wbb.Y.

coun

756

## Edvard the fifth.

countenaunce, arrogant of heart, outwardly coumpinable where he inwardly hated, not letting to kisse whom he thought to kill: dispiteous & cruell, not so euill wit alway, but ofter soz ambition, & either soz the suertie or increase of his estate. Friend & foe was much what indifferent, where his adnauntage grewe, he spared no mans death, whose life was thus wrode his purpose. He flewe with his owne hands King Henry the sixth, being prisoner in the Tower, as men commonly said, & that without commandement or knowledge of the King, which would undoubtedly, if he had intended that thing, haue appointed that butcherly office to some other, than his owne bozne brother.

Some wise men also w'en, that his dzift couertly conveyned, lacked not in helping sozth his brother of Clarence to his death: which he refitted openly, howbeit somewhat (as men dæmed) more faintly, than he that were hartily mynded to his wealth. And they þy thus dæme, thinke that he long time in L. Edwardes lyfe, forzethought to be King, in cause that the King his brother (whose life he looked that euill diet should thorten) should happen to deceasse (as in dæde he did) while his children were yong. And they dæme, that soz this intent he was glad of his brothers death þy Duke of Clarence, whose life must neodes haue hindered him so intending, whether the same duke of Clarence had kept him true to his Nephew the yong King, or enterprised to be King himselfe. But of that his poynt, is there no certaintie, and who so devineth upon conectures, may aswell thoske to farre as to thort. Howbeit this haue I by credible information learned, that the selfe night, in which King Edward dyed, one Mistlebrooke long ere morning, came in great haſt to the house of one Pottier dwelling in Redcrosſe streete, without Creplegate in London, and when he was with haſtie rapping quicklie letten in, he chewed onto Pottier that King Edward was departed. By my truth man quoth Pottier, then will my Master the Duke of Gloceſter be King. What cause he had so to thinke harde it is to lay, whether he being toward him, any thing knewe

The death of King Henrie the lixte.

Edward the fifth.

knew that he had such thing purposed, or otherwise had
any inkeling thereof: so he was not likely to speake it of
nought.

But now to returne to the course of this hillozie. Where
it that the Duke of Gloucester hadde of olde foreminded this
conclusion, and was nowe at erste theredunto moued, and
putte in hope by the occasion of the tender age of the pong
princes, his Nephewes, (as opor tunitie and likelihode of
spæde, putteth a man in courage of that he neuer intended)
certaine is it, that he contrinued their destruption, with the
dsurpation of the regall dignitie vpon himselfe. And, so as
muchc he as, he well wisse, and holpe to maintaine, a long
continued grudge and heart-burning betwene the Queens
kinred, and the Kings bloude, either partie enuping others
authozitie, he nowe thought their diuision Thoulde be (as
it was in vede) a furtherly beginning to the pursuit of hys
intent, and a sure ground so, the foundation of al his buil-
ding, if he might fircke, vnder the pzeferte of renenging old
displeasure, abuse the anger and ignoance of the one par-
tie, to the destruption of the other, and then winne to hys
purpose as many as he coulde, and thofe that could not bée
wonne, myght he loft ere they loked therefore: For of one
thing was he certayne, that if hys intent were perceyued,
he should some hauue made peace betwene the both parties
with his owne bloud.

King Edwarde in his life, albeit that this diffention be-
twene his friendes somewhat irked him: yet in his good
health he somewhat the lesse regarded it, bicause he thought
whatsoever businesse Thoulde fall betwene them, himselfe
should alway be able to rule both the parties. But in his
laff sicknesse, whé he perceiued his naturall strength so soze
enſéebled, that he dispaired al recouerie, then he considering
the youth of his children, albeit he nothing lesse mistruſed
than that that happened, yet well soze ſeing that many har-
mes might growe by their debate, while the youthe of his
children should lacke discretion of themſelues, a good coun-
sell

Bbb.ii. sell

738

## Edvard the fifth.

fell of their friendes, of which either partie should counsell
foz their owne commoditie & rather by pleasaunt aduise to
wyn themselves fauour, than by profitable aduertisement
to do their children good, he called some of them before him
that were at bariaunce, and in especiall the Lord Marques
Dorset the Queenes sonne by his first husbande, & William
the Lord Hastings a noble man then Lord Chamberlaine,
againe who the Quene specially grudged, foz the great fa-
uour the King bare him: & also foz that the thought him so-
cretly familiar with the King in want of company. By kin-
red also bare him before, as well foz that the King had made him
Captaine of Calleis, which office the Lord Riuers brother to
the Queene claimed of the Kings former promise, as foz diuers
other great gifts which he received, & they looked foz. When
these Lords with diuers of both the parties were come in
presence, the King lifting up himselfe & under set with pple-
lows, as it is reported, on this wise faide unto them. By
Lordes, my deare kinsmen & alies, in what plight I lie you
fée, & I féele. By which the lesse while I looke to do line with
you, the more deepely am I moved to care in what case I
leave you, foz such as I leave you, such be my child that I
finde you. Which if they should (that God forbid) find you
at bariaunce, might hap to fall theselues at warre, ere their
discretion would serve to set you at peace, ye fée their youth,
of which Irecken you only suertie to rest in your concord.
Foz it suffiseth not all you love them, if eche of you hate o-
ther: if they were me, your faithfulnesse happily would su-
fise. But childhood must be maintained by mens anchorage,
& slipper youth under ptopped wő elder counsel, which neither
they can have, but ye give it, nor ye give it, if ye græ not, so
where eche labonreth to have that the other maketh, and
foz have right of eche of others person, impugneth eche others
consell, there must it needs be long ere any good conclusion
go forward. And also while either party labouch to be chief,
flatterie shall have more place than plaine & faithfull aduise,
of which must needs insue euil bringing up of the Prince,
whole

The Oration
of the King in
his death bed.

Edvard the fifth.

whose minde in teder youth infect, thal redily fal to mischief
& riot, & dzaw downe with his noble Realme to ruine, but if
grace turne him to wurdome: which if God send, then they y
by euil meanes before pleased him best. Thal after fal furthest
out of fauour, so y euer at length euil drifft dzaw to nought
and god plaine wayes pflsper. Great bariaunce hath there
long bene betwene you, not alway so great causes. Some-
time a thing right wel intended, our misconstructiō turneth
unto wozze, or a small displeasure done vs, either our owne
affectiō or euil tongues agræueth. But this wot I well, ye
neuer had so great cause of hatred, as ye haue of loue. That
we be al men, that we be Christen mē, this thal I leane for
preachers to tell you (e yet I wot neare whether any pzea-
chers words ought moze to moue you, thā his that is by and
by going to the place that they al pzeache of.) But this thal
I desire you to remēber, y the one part of you is of my bloud
the other of mine alies, & ech of you with other either of kin-
red or affinitie, which spiritual kinred of affinitie, if the Sa-
cramentes of Chriſtes Church, beare that weight with vs,
y would God they did, should no lesse moue us to charitie,
than y respect of flecthly consanguinitie. Our Lord forzbid, y
you loue togither y wozze for the selfe cause y you ought to
loue y better. And yet y happeneth, & no where finde we so
deadly debate, as among the, which by nature & lawe moe
ought to agrée togither. Such a pestilent Serpent is ambi-
tiō, & desire of baine gloz y & ſoneraintie, which amōg thates
where he once entreth, creepeth forth so farre, til w deuition
& bariaunce he turneth all to mischiefe. First longing to be
nert the belt, afterward egall with the belt, & at last chieſe &
aboue y belt. Of which immoderate appetite of worſhip, &
thereby of debate & diffentiō, what loffe, what forzowe, what
trouble hath win these ſew pères grown in this Realme, I
p[rae]p God as wel forget, as we wel remēber. Which things
if I could as wel haue foreſeen, as I haue w my more paine
the pleafure p[ou]ed, by godes bleſſed Lady (y was euer his
othe) I would neuer haue won y courtesie of mens knæs, w
y loffe of so many heads.

Wbb.iiy.

But

Ambition.

Edvard rhe fifth.

But sithen things passed cannot be gainecalled,much ought
we the moze belware, by what occasion we haue taken so
great hurt afore, that we effsones fall not in that occasion
againe. Now be those griefs passed,and all is (God be than-
ked quiet) & likely right well to prosper in wealthfull peace
under your cousins my children, if God send them life and
you loue. Of which two things, the lesse loue were they, by
whom though God did his pleasure,yet should the Realme
alway finde Kings, and peraduenture as good Kings. But
if you among your selues in a childes raigne fall at debate,
many a good man shall perish, and haply he to and ye to, ere
this land finde peace againe. Wherfore in these last words
that euer I lowke to speake with you, I erhozte you and re-
quire you all, for the loue that you haue euer boorne to me;
for the loue that I haue euer boorne vnto you : for the loue
that our Lord beareth to vs all, from this time forward all
griefes forgotten, eche of you loue other. Which I bereely
trust you will, if ye any thing earthly regarde, etpther God
or your King, affinitie or kinred, this Realme your owne
countrey, or your owne suertie. And therewithall the King
no longer induring to fit vp, laid him downe on his righte
side, his face toward them: and none was there present that
could refraine from weeping. But the Lovers recomfozing
him with as good words as they could, and answering for
the time as they thought to stand with his pleasure, there
in his presence, as by their words appeared, eche forsome
other, and toyned their hands together, when (as it after
appeared by their dcedes) their hartes were farre a funder.
As some as the King was departed, the noble Prince his
sonne dined toward London, which at the time of his deceas
kept his housholde at Ludlowe in Wales, which countrey to-
ing farre off from the lawe and recourse to Justice, was be-
gon to be farre out of good will, and waren toylde robbers
and reuers, walking at libertie uncozrected.

And for this encreason the Prince was in the life of his fa-
ther sent thither, toppende y the authoritie of his presence,
thanks

Edvard the fifth.

761

Thoulde refraine euill disposed persons fro the boldenesse of their former outrages. To the governing and ozderyng of this pög prince at his sending thither, was there appointed Sir Anthonie Woodaile Loode Riuers, and brother unto the Quene, a right honizable man, as valiant of hande as politike in Counsell. Adiopned were there unto him other of the same partie, and in effect every one as he was nearest of kinne unto the Quene, so was planted nerte aboute the Prince.

Lord Riuers.

That dikke by the Quene not unwisely deuised, wherby his blonde might of pouth be rooted in the Princes fauoz, the Duke of Glocester tourned unto theyz destruction, and upon that grounde lette the foundation of all his unhappye building. Foz, whom soever he perceived eyther at variance with them, oz bearing himselse their favour, heetzake unto them, some by mouth, some by writing and secret meansengers, that it was nepther reason noz in any wife to be suffered, that the pong King theyz Paister and kinsman, Thoulde be in the handes and cultodie of his mothers kinred, sequeffered in maner from theyz companpe and attendaunce, of whiche euerpe one ought him as faithful seruice as they, and many of them farre moze honizable parte of kinne than hys mothers side. Whose bloud (quoth he) saying the Kings pleasure, was full onmeezielpe to be matched with hys: whiche nowe to be as who sape remoued fro the King, and the lesse noble to be left about him, is (quoth he) nepther honizable to his maiellie noz unto vs, and also to hys grace no suretie, to haue the mightieest of his friends from him, and unto vs no little ieopardie, to suffer oure well proued euill willers to growe in ouer-great authority, wyth the Prince in youth, namely which is light of beliefe and fone perswaded. Pée remember I trowe King Edward himselfe, albeit he was a manne of age and discretion, yet was he in mane things ruled by the bende, moze than I wold eyther wyth hys honour, or our profitte, or with the commoditie of any man else, ercepte onely the immoderate

Bbb. h.

aduance:

Edvard the fifth.

advancement of themselves. Which whether they sofer
thirsted after their owne weale, or our wo, it were harde
wene to gelle. And if some folkes friendship had not holden
better place with the King, then any respect of kinred, they
might peraduenture easilie haue betrapped and brought to
confusion some of us ere this. Why not as easilie as they
haue done some other alreade, as nere of his roial
bloude as wée? But our Lozde hath brought his will, and
thankes be to his grace that peril is past. Howbeit as great
is growing, if we suffer this yong king in our enemies hæd,
which without his witting might abuse the name of his
commaundement, to any of our vndoing, which thing God
and good provision forbidde.

Of whiche good provision none of us hath any thing the
lesse næde, so the late made attonement, in which the Kings
pleasure hadde moze place than the parties willes. For
none of us, I believe, is so unwise, one alone to truce a
nele we friend made of an old foe, or to thinke that an houre
ly kindenes, sodainly contrace in one houre, continued yet
skant a fortnight, should be dæper settled in their comace:
than a long accustomed malice manye pears rosted. With
these words and wittings and such other, the Duke of
Gloceſter lerne set a fire them that were of themselves eathe
to kindle, and in espiall twayne, Edwarde Duke of Bun-
kirgham, and William Lozde Haltings and Chamberlain both
men of honour and of great power.

The tone by long succession from his auncer krie: the to
ther by his office, and the Kings favour. These two not be
ryng eache to other so muche loue as hatred, both unto the
Queenes parte : in this point accozed together wyth the
Duke of Gloceſter, that they would latterly amoue from
Kings company all his mothers friendes, under the name
of theyr enimies.

Upon this concluded, the Duke of Gloceſter under
standing, that the Lozdes whyche at that time were about
the

Edvard the fifth.

the King, intended to bring him up to his coronation, accompanied with suche power of their friends, that it should be harde for him to bring his purpose to palle, without the gathering a greate assemblage of people, and in manner of ope warre, whereof the ende he wist was doubtfull, and in whiche the King being on their side, his part should haue the face and name of a rebellion: he secretly therfore, by divers meanes caused the Quæne to be persuaded and brought in the minde, that it neyther were naede, and also should be ieopardous, the King to come uppe strong. For, whereas nowe euerpe Lozde loued other, and none other thing luded uppon, but aboute the Coronation and hono of the King: if the Lozdes of hir kynded shoulde assemble in the Kings name muche people, they should give the Lozdes at wirte whom and them hadde bin sometime debate, to feare and suspect, leaffe they should gather this people, not for the Kings safegarde, whome no man impugned, but for their destruction, having more regarde to theyn olde bariaunce, than their newe attonement. For which cause they should assemble on the other partie much people againe for their defence, whose power the wisthe well farre stretched. And thus shoulde all the Realme fall on a roze. And of all the hurte that thereof shoulde ensue, which was likely not to be little, and the moste harme there lyke to fall where the leaffe woulde, all the wozlde woulde put hyr and hyr kynded in the wight, and saye that they hadde unwisely and untruly also broken the amitie of peace, that the Kyng hyr busbande so prudently made, betwæne his kinne and hyrs in his death bed, and which the other partie faithfully obserued.

The Quæne being in this wíse persuaded, suche wordede sente onto hir sonne, and onto hir brother bæing aboute the Kyng, and ouer that the Duke of Glocester hymselfe and other Lozdes the chiese of his bende, wote onto the King so reverentlye, and to the Quænes friendes there so louingly, that they nothing earthly millkruiting, brought the King up

764

Edvard the fifth.

up in greate halle, not in good spéde, with a sober compa-
nye. Now was the King in hys wape to London gone from
Northampton, when the Dukes of Glocester and Buckingham
came thither, where remained behinde the Lord Riuers the
Kings uncle, intending on the mozrowe to followe the
King, and be with him at Stonie Stratforde, ry. myles
thence, earelpe o2 he departed. So was there made that
nighte muche friendlye cheare betwene these two Dukes
and the Lord Riuers a great whyle. But incontinent after
that they were openlpe with greate curtesie departed, and
the Lo2de Riuers lodged, the Dukes secretly with a kewe
of they2 molke p2inie friendes, set them down in counsail,
wherein thep spent a great parte of the nighte. And at thep
rising in the dawning of the day, thep sente out p2iuiylpe to
thep2 seruantes in thep2 Innes and lodgings about, gining
the commandement, to make théselues choztly readie, for
their Lo2des were to hozſlebackewarde. Tippon whyche
mellages, manye of thep2 folke were attendaunt, when ma-
nye of the Lo2d Riuers seruauntes were vnreadye. Nowe
had these Dukes taken also into thep2 culkody the keyes of
the Inne, that none thoulde paffe for2th without their lixe.
And ouer thys, in the highe wape towarde Stonie Stratſonde,
where the King lape, thep hadde beſtowed certaine of thep2
folke, that thoulde ſende backe againte, and compell to re-
turne, anpe man that were gotten out of Northampton, to
warde Stonie Stratforde, tyll thep thoulde give other lixe.
For as much as the Dukes théselues intended for2 the chelw
of thep2 diligence, to be the firſte that thoulde that dape at
ſende upon the Kings highneſſe out of that Towne : thus
bare thep folke in hande. But when the Lo2d Riuers under
ſtode the Gates closed, and the wapes on euery ſide beſt,
neither his seruauntes no2 himſelke suffered to goe out,
perceiving wel so great a thing without his knowledge not
begun for2 naughte, comparing thys manner p2esent, w2th
hys last nights chéere, in so ſewe houres so great a change,
maruellouſly miliſhed. Howbeit, with he could not gette a
wap

Edvard the fifth.

Waye, and keepe himselfe close he would not, least he should
sème to hyde himselfe for some secrete fear of his own fault,
Wherof he saw no such cause in hymself. He determined up-
on the suretie of his own conscience, to go boldelie to them,
and inquire what this matter mighte meane, whome as
sone as they sawe, they beganne to quarrel with him and
saye, that he intended to set disfaunce betwene the Kyng
and them, and to bring them to confusion, but it should not
lye in his power. And when he beganne (as he was a very
well spoken man) in godly wise to ercuse himselfe, they tar-
rped not the ende of his aunswere, but shortlyt tøke hym,
and put him in warde, and that done, forthwith wente to
horstebacke, and tøke the waye to Stonie Stratforde, where
they founde the King wyth his companye, readie to leaps
on Horstebacke, and depart forwarde to leaue that lodging
for them, bycause it was to straighte for both companyes.
And as some as they came in his presence, they light adown
with all their companye about them. To whom the Duke
of Buckingham sayd, go afoze Gentlemen, and yeomen keepe
your romes.

The L. Rivers
put in vvarde..

And thus in godly aray, they came to the King, and on
they knæs in verpe humble wypse salued his grace, whiche
recevued them in verp iopous and amiable maner, nothing
earthly knowing nof miskruffing as yet. But euen by and
by in his presence, they piked a quarrell to the Lozde Ry-
charde Gray, the Kings other brother by his mother, say-
ing, that he with the Lozde Marques his brother, and the
Lozde Rivers his Uncle, had compassed to rule the King and
the Realme, and to set variance among the states, and to
subdue and deffrope the noble bloude of the Realme. To-
ward the accomplishing whereof they sayd, that the Lozde
Marques had entred into the Tower of London, and thence
taken out the Kyngs Treasure, and sente menne to the
Sea.

The Lord
Grey.

All which things these Dukes will well, were done for
good purposes and necessarie, by the whole counsaile at Lon-
don.

don,

'Edvard the fifth.

don, sauing that somewhat they must say. An to which words
the King aunswered. What my brother Marques hath don:
I cannot sape: But in good faith I dare well aunswere so,
mine uncle Riuers and my brother here, that they be inno-
cent of any suche matter. Pea my liege quoth the Duke of
Buckingham, they haue kept theyr dealing in these matters
farre fro the knowledge of your good grace. And so thoworth
they arested the Lord Richard and sir Th. Vaughan Knight,
in the Kings presence, and brought the king and al back in-
to Northampton, where they toke againe further Counsell.
And there they sent a wap frô the King, who it pleased the,
and set new seruaints about him, such as liked better the
than him. At which dealing he wept, and was nothing con-
tent, but it boted not. And at dinner, the Duke of Gloceſſer
ſente a diſe from his owne table to the Lord Riuers, præy-
ing him to be of good cheare, all should be well ynough. And
he thanked the Duke, and præyed the meſtenger to beare it
to his nephew the Lord Richard, with the fame meſage to
hys comfoſte, as one to whome such aduerſitie was krage,
but himſelfe had bin all his dapes in vaine therewith, as the-
ſoſe could beare it the better. But for all this coſoſtable cu-
tefle of the Duke of Gloceſſer, he ſent the Lord Riuers, as the
Lord Richard, with sir Thomas Vaughan into the North
Countrep, into diuerſe places to prizon, and afterwarde all
to Pomfriaſte, where they were in conclusion beheaded.

The death of
the L. Riuers
and others.

In this wife, the Duke of Gloceſſer toke uppon hymſelfe
the order and gouernaunce of the yong King, whom with
muche honoure and humble reucrence, hee conueyed up-
ward toward the Citie. But anone, the tydings of this me-
ter came haffily to the Quæne a little before the midnight
following, and that in the sozeſt wife, that the King hir diu
was taken, hir brother, hir ſonne, and other friends acauſe
ſed, and ſente no man wift whether, to bee done with God
wot what. With which tydings, the Quæne in great flight
and heauinesſe, bewapling hir childes raigne, hir friends
mischauge, and hir olvne infoſtune, damning the time
that

## Edvvarde the fifth.

that euer the dissuaded the gathering of power aboute the
Kyng, gatte hyz selfe in all the haffe possible wyth hir pō-
ger Sonne and hyz daughters, out of the Pallaice of
Westminster, in whiche the then lape, into the Sanctua-
rie, lodging hyz selfe and hyz companpe there in the Abbots
place.

The Qu.taketh
Sanctuarie.

Now came there one likewise not long after midnighte
from the Lozde Chamberlapne, vnto the Archbiphoppe of
Torke, then Chancellor of Englande, to his place not far frō
Westminister. And soz that he shewed his seruauntes that hēe
had tydings of so great importaunce, that hys maiſter gaue
him in charge, not to forbeare his ſelſe, they letted not to
wake him, noz he to admitte this meſſenger into his bedde
ſide. Of whome he hearde that these Dukes were gone
backe wyth the Kings grace from Stonie Stratforde vnto
Northampton. Not wythstanding Spz (quoth he) my Lozde
ſendeth your Lozchippe wozde, that there is no keare: soz
he affureth you that all shall be well. A ſ assure him quoth
the Archebiphoppe, be it as well as it will, it will neuer be
so well as we haue ſène it: And therebpon, by and by after
the meſſenger departed, he caused in all the haffe all his ſer-
uauntes to be called vp, and so with his owne houſholde a-
bout him, and euerpe man weaponed, he twoke the greate
ſeale with him, and came yet before taye vnto the Qućne.
About whom he founde much heauinesſe, rumble, haſt and
bustinesſe, cariage and conuepaunce of hyz kuffe into San-
tuarie, cheſtes, coſſers, paches, fardels, truſſed all on mens
backes, no man vnoccupied, ſome lading, ſome going, ſome
discharging, ſome comming soz moze, ſome breaking down
the walles to bring in the next way, and ſome yet dzeue to
them to helpe to carry a wżong way.

The Qućne hir ſelſe ſate alone alowe on the ruthes al
desolate and diſinapde, whome the Archebiphoppe comfoz-
ted in the beſſe manner he coulde, theſwing hir that he tru-
ſed, the matter was nothing so ſoze as the toke it soz, and
that he was putte in good hope and out of keare by þ melliſage

ſent

Edvard the fifth.

sent him from the Lord Chamberlaine : Ah two worth hym
(quoth he) for he is one of them that laboureth to destroy
me and my bloud.

Hadam (quoth he) be yce of good chere, for I assure you,
if they Crowne any other King than your Son, whom they
nowe haue with them, we shall on the mozrowe Crowne
hys brother, whom you haue here with you. And here is
the greate seale, whiche in likewise as that noble Prince
your husbande deliuered it onto me, so here I deliuer it
onto you, to the se and behoofe of your Sonne, and there-
with he beokke hir the greate seale, and departed home a-
gaine, yet in the dawning of the daye. By whiche time he
mighte in his chamber windowe, see all the Thamis full of
boates of the Duke of Gloucesters seruauantes, watching that
no man choulde go to Sanctuary, no none could pase un-
searched. Then was there great commotion and murmur,
as well in other places about, as specially in the Citie, the
people diuersly diuining vp this deling. And some Lozds,
Knightes, and Gentlemen, eyther for fauour of the Quin,
or for feare of themselues, assembled in sundry companies,
and wente flockmeale in harneys; and manpe also, for that
they reckoned thys demeanour attempted, not so specially
against the other Lozds, as against the King himselfe in the
disturbance of his Coronation. But then by and by the
Lozdes assembled togither, towarde whiche meeting, the
Archbishoppe of Yorke fearing that it woulde be ascribed (as
it was indeede) to his ouermuch lightnesse, that he so fund-
dainely hadde ycelded vppe the greate seale to the Quain
to whom the culkodie thereof of nothing perteyned, wythour
speciall commaundement of the King, secreckely sent for
seale againe, and brought it with him after the culkomm
manner. And at this meeting, the Lozde Hafting, while
trouth towarde the king, no man doubted no need to doubt,
perswaded the Lozdes to belieue, that the Duke of Glocester
was sure and faithfull to his Prince, &c. that the Lord
Riuers and Lozde Richarde, with the other Knightes,
were

## Edvard the fifth.

were for matters attempted by them against the Dukes of
Gloceſter and Buckingham, put under areſt for their ſuretie,
not for the Kings ſeopardie: and that they were also in ſafe-
garde, and there no longer ſhoude remapne than till the
matter were, not by the Dukes onely, but also by all the o-
ther Lords of the Kings counſayle inſiderentlie eramyned, &
by other diſcretions ordered, and eſther iudged or appeased.

But one thing he advised them beware, that they iudged
not the matter too farre for that, ere they knew the trueth, no:
turning theyr priuate grudges into the common hurtre, py-
king and prouoking men onto anger, and diſturbing the
Kings coronation, to ward which the Dukes were coming
by, that they might peraduenture bring the matter so farre
out of ioynte, that it ſhoude neuer be broughte in frame a-
gaine. Whiche crife it it should happe, as it were lykely,
to come to a ſelde, though both parties were in all things
equal, yet ſhoude the auθoritie be on that ſide where the
King is himſelfe. With theſe perſwasions of the Lord Ha-
ſtings, whereof part himſelfe beleeued, of parte he wifſ the
contrarie, theſe commotions were ſomewhat appeased, but
ſpeciaily by that, that the Dukes of Gloceſter and Buckinghā-
wer so nère, and came so chortly on with the king, in none
other maner, with none other boyce or ſemblance than to
his coronation, cauſing the fame to be blouen about, that
theſe Lords and Knights which were taken, had contriued
the deſtruction of the dukes of Gloceſter and Buckingham, and
of other the noble bloud of the Realme, to the end that the:
ſelues would alone demeane and gouern the King at their
pleasure.

And for the coulourable p[ro]ſe therof, ſuch of the Dukes
ſerua ſtes as rode with the cartes of their ſtuffe that were
taken (among which ſtuffe, no maruel though he ſome were
harneys, which at the breaking vppe of the houſholde, muſſ
n[eedes] e[ther] be brought alwape, or caſt away) thep [ch]ewed
unto the people all the wayes as they went, loe h[ere] be the
barrels of harneys that theſe Traptours hadde priuilye con-

Ccc.

ueped

770

Edvard the fifth.

neped in they? carriage to dectroy the noble LORDES
withal.

This denise albeit that it made the matter to wife men
more unlikely, well percepuing that the intendours of such
a purpose would rather haue hadde they? harneys on their
backes than to haue bound them vppe in barrels, yet much
part of the commo people were therwith very wel satisfied,
and sayd it were almoysse to hang them.

When the King appoched nôre to the Citie, Edmonde
Shaa Goldsmith, then Daioz, with William White, a John
Matthew Sherikes, and al the other Aldermen in Scarlet,
with kue hundered Hozze of the Citizens in violet, recep-
ued him reverently at Harnefey, and ryding from thence, ac-
companied him into the Citie, whiche he entred the fourth
dape of Pape, the first and laste peare of his raigne.

The Kings co-
using to Londò.

But the Duke of Gloucester bare hym in open sight so re-
uerently to the Prince, with all semblaunce of lowlineffe,
that from the great obloquie in which he was so late before,
he was sodainly fallen in so gret truſt, y at the counsel next
affeêbled, he was made the only mâ, chose and thought moſt
meke, to be P. rotecto. of y King and hys Realme, so (that
were it destenie, or were it ſollie) the Lambe was betaken
ko the W. olke to keepe. At whych Counſaple also, the Arch-
byhop of Yorke, Chaunceloz of Englande, whiche hadde dely-
uered vppe the greate Seale to the Quene, was thereof
greately reproued, and the Seale taken from hym, and
delyuered to Doctoz Russell Byſhoppe of Lincolne, a wife
man and a god, and of muche experience, and one of the
belle learned menne undoubtedly that Englande had in hys
time. Dyuers Lozdes and Knightes were appointed to-
to dyuers roumes. The Lozde Chamberlaine and some-
ther kepte till they? offices that they had before.

The protec't our
made.

The Bishop of
Lincolne made
Lord Chaun-
cellour.

Powe all were it so, that the P. rotectour so soze thir-
ked soz the finishing of that he had begun, that he thought
euerp dape a peare, till it were atcheued, yet durſke he

110

Edvard the fifth.

771

no further attempt, as long as he had but half the pray
in his hand: well witting, that if he depoſed the one bro-
ther, all the Realme would fall to the other, if he either
remayned in Sanctuary, or should happlily be shortelpe
tonueped to his fathers libertie. Wherfore, incontinent at
the nerte meeting of the Lords at the Counſaile, he pro-
poſed unto them, that it was a hainous dœde of the Queen,
and proceeding of greater malice towarde the Papies Coun-
sailours, that the should keepe in Sanctuary the Kings
brother from hym, whose speciall pleasure and comforte
were to haue his brother with him. And that by his done
to none other intente, but to bring all the Lords in oblo-
quié, and murmur of the people. As though they were
not to be truſked with the Kings brother, that by the affente
of the Nobles of the lande, were appointed as the Kings
neareſt friendes, to the tuition of his owne roiall person.
The p[ro]ſperitie whereof Ilandeth (quoth he) not all in kee-
ping from enimies, or ill byande, but partly also in recrea-
tion, and moderate pleasure, which he cannot in his ten-
uer youth, take in the companye of auncient persons, but in
the familiar conversation of those that be neither far under,
no farre aboue his age, and nay the lesſe of eſtate conuen-
ent to accompany his noble Maiestie, wherefore, with
whome rather, than wyth his owne brother: And if any
man thinke this consideration (whyche I thinke no manne
thinketh that loneth the King) let him consider, that some-
tyme wythout small things, greater cannot lande. And
verilye, it redoundeth greatly to the dishonour both of
the Kings hyghneſſe, and of all us that bene aboute his
grace, to haue it runne in euery man's mouth, not in this
realme only, but also in other lands (as euil words walke
far) y the kings brother hold be fain to kepe S[ac]uary. For
every man wil wæne, y no man wil do so, nought. And such
euil opinions once kaffned in mens hearts, hard it is to wraſſe
out, ſ may grow to more grief than any man can here deuine.
Wherfore me thinketh it were not worl[dy] to ſend unto you.

Ccc.ij.

ſo2

The proſec
tours oration.

Edvard the fifth.

for the redresse of this matter, some honorable truffe man,
suche as both tendereth the Byngs weale, and the honoure
of hys countayle, and is also in favour and credence wyth
hyn. For all which considerations, none seemeth me more
meeterly, than our reuerende Father hære present, my Lord
Cardinall, who maye in this matter doe most good of any
man, if it please him to take the payne, which I doubt not
of hys goodnesse he will not refuse for the Kings sake and
ours, and wealth of the yong Duke himself, the kings most
honorable brother, and after my soueraigne Lord himselfe,
my most dære nephew, considered that thereby it shall be seaf-
sed the kaunderous rumour and obloquie nowe going, and
the hurtes auopded that thereof mighte ensue, and muche
refle and quiet growe to all the Realme. And if the be per-
case so oblique, and so precisely set upon him own wil, that
neither his wife and faithful aduertisement, can not move
hir, nor anye mannes reason contente hir: then shall we by
mine aduise, by the Kings authority, fetch him out of that
prison, and bring hym to hys noble presence, in whole con-
tinuall companye he shall be so well cherished, and so ho-
notablye intreated, that al the world chal to our hono: and
hir reprieche perceyue, that it was onely malice, frowarde
nesse, or follie, that caused hir to kepe him there: this is my
minde in this matter for this time, except any of your Lord-
Chippes any thing perceiue to the contrarie, for never shall
I by Gods grace so wedde my selfe to mine owne wil, but
that I chal be readie to change it upon your better aduises.

When the Protectoure hadde sayde, all the Countayle affirmed, that the motion was good and reasonable, and to the King and the Duke his brother, honorable, and a thing that should cease greate murmur in the Realme, &c. the mother mighte be by good means induced to delimit him. Which thing the Archbishop of York, whom they all agreed also to be thereto most convenient, tolke upon him to move hir, and therin to doe his bettermost deuoiore. Howbeit, if the coulde be in no wise intreated with hyn good will

Edvard the fifth.

773

to deliver him, then thought he, and such other as were of
the Spiritualtie present, that it were not in any wise to be
attempted to take him out against him wil. For it would be
a thing that should be turned to the great grudge of all men,
and high displeasure of God, if the privilege of that holy
place should not be broken, whiche had so many peares
bene kepte, which both Kings and Popes so god had grã-
ted, so many hadde confirmed, and which holy ground was
more than five hundred peares agoe by Saint Peter in his
owne person in SPIRITUE accompanied wyth great multitude
of Angels by night so specially hallowed, and dedicate to
God (for the pize whereof, they have yet in the Abbay S.
Peters Cope to the we) that from that time hitherward, was
ther neuer so undenoufte a king, that durst that sacred place
violate, or so holy a place, that durst it presume to con-
secrate. And therefore (quoth the Archbishop of York) God
so bid that any man should so any thing earthly enterprise
to break the immunitie and libertie of the sacred SANCTU-
ARIE, that he should bene the safeguard of so many a godly
life. And if trueth (quoth he) with God's grace, we shall not
næde it. But so any manner man, I would not we hold
him. If I trueth that the shall be wyth reason contented, and
all things in godly manner obtayned. And if it happen that
I bring it not so to pass, yet so far I toward it so far so
my best, that ye shall al wel perceive, that no lacke of my de-
noire, but the mothers dzeade and womanithe keare, shall
be the lette. Womanithe keare, nay womanithe frowarde-
nelle (quoth the Duke of Buckingham,) so I dare take it up
on my soule, the wel knowleth the needeth no such thing to
keare, either so his sonne or so his selfe. For as so it is,
here is no man that will be at warre with women. I would
God some of the men of his kinne, were women too, and
then should all be done in reſke. How webeit, there is none of
his kynne the leſſe loued, so that they be his kinne, but so
their owne evil deſeruing. And nathelesſe, if we loued nei-
ther his nor his kinne, yet were there no cause to think that

Sanctuarie.

Ccc.iiij.

we

Edvard the fifth.

We thoulde hate the kings noble brother, to whose Grace,
we our selues be of kinne: whose honour, if she as muche
desired, as our dishonour, and as muche regarde toke to
his wealth, as to hir owne will, thée woulde be as loath to
suffer him from the king as any of vs be. Fo, if the haue
witte, (as woulde God thée had as good will as the hathe
threwde witte) the reckneth hir selke no wiser, than thée
thinketh some that be here, of whose faithfull minde thée
nothing doubteth, but verily belieueth and knoweth, that
they woulde be as sozie of hys harme, as hir selke, and yet
woulde haue hym from hir, if the byde there: And we all (I
thinke) content, that both be with hir, if she come thence,
and byde in suche place, where they maye with their honor
be.

Now the, if she refuse in the deliverance of him, to follow
þ consaille of the, whose woldome the knoweth, whose truth
the wel trueth: it is ethe to perceine, þ frowardnes lette
hir,  not keare. But go to, suppose þ the keare (as who may
let hir to fear hir own shadow) the more the keareth to deli-
ner hym, the more ought we keare to leue him in hir hads.
Fo, if the calle suche fonde doubts, that the keare hys hurte:
then wil the keare, that he chal be fetched thence. Fo, the wyll
fone thinke, that if men were fet (which God forbid) byon
so great a mischief, the Sanctuary woulde little lette them:
whiche good men myghte (as me thinketh) without sinne,
somewhat lette regarde than they doe.

Nowe then, if thée doubte, leaffe hée mighte be fetched
from hir, is it not likely ynough that the chall sende hym
some where out of the Realme: Verily, I looke for noncon-
ther. And I doubte not, but the now as soze mindeth it as
we the lette thereof. And if the might happen to bring hyl
to palle, (as it were no great maistrie, we letting hir alone)
all the world would say, that we were a wile softe of Coun-
sailours aboute a King, that let his brother be calle alway
under our noses. And therfore, I ensure you faithfully so:
my minde, I wil rather maugre hir mind, fetch him away,
than

## Edvard the fifth.

than leave him there, till he frowardnesse and fonde feare
conuey him away. And yet wil I brieake no Såctuarie ther-
foze. Foz verily, fith y piquiledges of that place & other like,
haue bin of long continued, I am not hæ y would be about
to brieake them. And in good fayth, if they wer now to begin,
I would not be he that thoulde be about to make them.

Yet will I not faye naye, but that it is a dæde of pitie,
that such men as the sea, or their euil detfours haue brought
in pouertie, thold haue some place of libertie, to kæpe they
bodies out of the daunger of their cruel creditours.

And also, if the Crown happen (as it hath done) to come
in question, whyle epther parte taketh other as Traptoz's,
I wil wel there be some places of refuge foz both.

But as foz thæues, of whiche, these places be full, and
which neuer fall from the crafte, after they once fall thereto,
it is pitie the Sanctuarie thoulde SERUE them. And muche
mooe, manquellers, whom God bad to take from the Aul-
ter and kil them, if their murther were wilful. And wher it
is otherwise, there nede we not the Sanctuaries y God
appointed in the olde lawe. Foz if eyther necessitie, his own
defence, or misfoztune drazweth him to that dæde, a pardon
ferueth, whych eyther the lawe graunketh of course, or the
King of pitie map.

Then loke me now how few Sanctuarie men there be,
whome anye faunourable necessitie compelled to goe thy-
ther: And then fée on the tother fide, what a fozt, there be co-
monly therin of the, who wilful vnthzistinelle hath brought
to naught.

What a rabble of thæues, murtherers, and malitious
hevnous Traptours, and that in two places specially. The
tone at the elbolwe of the Citie, the tother in the very bow-
els. I dare well auowe it, weye the good that they doe,
wyth the hurte that commeth of them, and yee shall finde
it much better to lacke both, than haue both. And thys I
faye, althoughe they were not abused as they nowe bée,
and so long haue bene, that I keare me euer they wyll bée,

Ccc.iiy.

while

Vestminstek
and Saint
Martins,

775

Edward the fifth.

Why then we be afraid to lette their hands to the mendo-
mente, as though God and Saint Peter, were the patrons of
ungracious living.

Now on thirties riot, and runne in debt, upon the bold
nelle of these places, yea, and rich men runne thyther with
poore mens goods, there they buylde, there they spende, and
bidde their creditours go whistle them.

Hens wives runne thyther with their hufbandes plate,
and say, they dare not abide with their hufbäds for beating.

Thæues bring thither their stollen goods, and there liue
thereon.

There deuise they nede robberies, nightlye they keepe
out, they robbe, and reane, and kill, and come in agayne,
asthough those places gaue them not only a safegarde for
the harme they haue done, but a licence also to do more.
Howbeit, much of this mischief, if wise men would set their
hands to it, might be amended, with great thanks of God,
and no breach of the privilege.

The residue, fifth so long ago I wote neare what Pope,
and what Prince more piteous than politike, hath gran-
ted it, and other men since, of a certaine religious keare,
haue not broken it, lette us take a payne therewith, and let
it a God's name stand in force, as farre forth as reason wil,
whiche is not fully so farre for the, as may serve to let us of
the fetching for the of thys noble man, to hys honor and
wealth, out of that place, in whych he neyther is, noz can be
a Sanctuary man.

A Sanctuary serueth alway to defende the body of that
man that standeth in daunger abzoade, not of greate hurte
only, but also of lawful hurt, for against unlawful harmes,
neuer Pope noz King intended to privilege any one plu,
for that privilege hath every place knoweth any man, any
place, wherein it is lawfull one man to do an other wong.

That no man unlawfully take hurt, that libertie, the law,
the law, of very nature, forbideth in every place, that maketh
to that regarde, for every man every place a Sanctuary.

In

The abuse of
Sanctuaries.

Edvard the fifth.

But where a man is by lawfull meanes in peryll, there
nædeth he the tuition of some speciall priuilege, which is
the onely ground and cause of all Sanctuaries: from which
necessitie, this noble Prince is farre, whose lone to his
King, nature and kindred proueth, whose innocencie to all
the world, his tender youth proueth, and so Sanctuarie, as
foz him, neither none he nædeth, nor also none can haue.

Men come not to Sancuarie, as they come to Baptisme, to
require it by the Godfathers, he must aske it himself, that
must haue it, and reason, if no man hath cause to haue it,
but whose conscience of his owne fault maketh him fayne,
næde to require it: what will then hath yonder babe? which
and if he had discretion to require it, if næde were, I dare
fay would now be ryght angrie wyth them that kæpe hym
there: and I would thynke without any scruple of consci-
ence, without any breach of priuilege, to be somwhat moze
homely wyth them that be there Sancuarie men in dæde.

For if one goe to Sancuarie with an others mans goods,
why should not the King leaning his body at libertie, sati-
ske the partie of his goods, even wythin the Sancuarie: for
nepther Kyng nor Pope can gyue any place, suche a priui-
ledge, that it shall discharge a man of hys debtes, being able
to pay: and with that, dyuers of the Clergie that were pze-
sent, whither thep said it for his pleasnre, or as they thought
agreed playnelp, that by the law of God and of the Church,
the goods of a Sancuarie man shoulde be deliuered in pay-
ment of hys debtes, and follen goods to the owner, & onely
lybertie reserved hym to get hys liuing with the labour of
hys handes, berily (quoth the Duke) I thynke you fay very
trueth, and what if a mans wyfe will take Sancuarie, by-
cause the lift to runne from hir husband? I woulde wæne if
the could alledge none other cause, he may lawfully wyth-
ont any displeasure to Saint Peter, take hir out of Saint Pe-
ters Church by the arme. And if no body may be taken out
of Sancuarie, that fayth he will byde there, then if a childe
wyll take Sancuarie, because he seareth to goe to Schole,

Ccc. lii.

hys

Edvard rhe fifth.

hys maister must let him alone. And as simple as that
sample is, yet is there lesse reason in our case than in that,
for therein, though he it be a chyldiche feare, yet is there, at
the leakwyse some feare, and herein is there none at all.
And verily, I haue often heard of Sancuarie men, but I
never heard earst of Sancuarie children. And therefore, as
for the conclusion of my mynde, who so may haue deserv'd
to næde it, if they thinke it for their suertie, let them kepe
it. But he can be no Sancuarie man, that neyther hath
wisedome to desirre it, nor malice to deservre it, whose life or
libertie, can by no lawfull p[ro]ocesse stand in ieoperdie. And
he that taketh one out of Sancuarie to doe him good, I lay
playnely, that he breaketh no Sancuarie.

Then the Duke had done, the Tempozall men whole,
and a good part of the spiritual also, thincking no hurt earth-
ly, ment forward the yong babe, condiscended in effect, that if
he were not deluyered, he should be fetched. Holwenit, they
thought it all best, in the auoyding of all manner of rumo,
that the Loode Cardinall should first allay to get him with
hir good will. And there vppon, all the Counsell came vnto
the Starre Chamber at Westminster, and the Loode Car-
dinall, leauing the P[rot]ector with the Counsell in the
Starre Chamber, departed into the Sancuarie to the
Nu[e]ne, with dyuers other Lo[des] with him, were it
for the respect of hys honour, or that ch[ee] should by presence
of so many perceyue that thys errande was not one man's
mynde: or were it, for that the P[rot]ector intended not in
this matter, to trueth any one man alone, or else, that if the
kinally were determyned to keepe h[ym], some of that compo-
nie, had happily secrete instruction incontinent, many
hir mynde, to take him, and to leane h[ir] no respite to com-
ne h[im], which ch[ee] was lykely to mynde after this matter
broken to h[ir], if h[ir] time would in any wise serve h[ir].

When the Nu[e]ne, and these Lo[des] were come togeth,
ther in presence, the Lo[de] Cardinall chewed vnto h[ir], that
it was thoughte vnto the P[rot]ector, and vnto the whole
Coun

Cou

Edward the fifth.

779

Counsell, that hir keeping of the Kings brother in that
place, was the thing, whych highly founded, not onely to
the great rumour of the people and their obloquie, but also
to the impotable griefe and displeasure of the Kings royal
Daiellie, to whose grace it were as singular comforte to
haue hys naturall brother in companye, as it was their
both dishonour, and all theys and hirs also, to suffer hym
in Sanctuarie, as though the one brother were in danger
and perill of the other. And he shewed hir, that the Coun-
sell therefore had sent hym onto hir, to require hir the deli-
uerie of hym, that he myght be so broughte unto the Kyngs
presence at hys libertie, out of that place, which they reeko-
ned as a payson, and there shoulde he be so demeaned, accor-
ding to hys estate, and soe in thys doyng, shoulde both do so
great good to the Realme, pleasure to the Counsell, and
profile to hir selfe, succour to hys friendes that were in di-
stresse, and ouer that (which he wisse wel she specially ten-
dred, ) not onely great comforte and honour to the Kyng,
but also to the young Duke hymselfe, whose both greate
wealth it were to be together, as well soz many greater
causes, as also soz theys both dispozte, and recreation: which
thyng, the Lord effaëmed noleyght, though it fæme lyghte,
well pondering, that theys youth without recreation and
play, cannot endure, noz any kraunger, soz the coniecture of
their both ages and estates, so meetely in that theyn't soz any
of them, as eyther of them soz other.

Protector.

By Lord (quoth the Quene) I say not may, but it were
very convenient, y this Gentleman whom ye require were
in company of the King his brother : and in good payth, me
thynketh it were as great commoditie to them both, as soz
yet a while, to be in the cultodie of their mother, the tender
age considred of y elder of them both, but specially y yonger,
which besides hys infancie, that also needeth good looking to,
hath a while bæne so soze diseased, bexed with likenesse, and
is so newlpe rather a little amended, than well recouered,
that I dare put no person earthly in trust with his keeping,
but

The Queen
außvvere.

## Edvard the fifth.

but my selfe onely, considering that there is (as Phisitions
say) and as we also finde, double the perill in the recidiva-
tion, that was in the first sickness, with which disease, Pa-
ture beyng soze laboured, sozeweried and weakened, war-
eth the selfe able to beare out and sustaine a newe surlette.
And albeit there myght be founde other that would happi-
ly doe their beste onto hym, yet is there none that euther
knoweth better how to order hym, than I that so long haue
kept hym: or is moze tenderly lyke to cherythe hym, than
hys owne mother that bare hym. No man denyeth, god
Madame, (quoth the Cardinall) but that your grace were
of all solke moft necessarie about your chyldren: I so would
all the Counsel not onely be content, but glad that ye were,
if it myght finde wyth your pleasure to be in such place as
myght find and wyth their honour. But if you doe appoint
your selfe to tarrie hære, then thynke they it moze consequ-
ent that the Duke of Torke were wyth the King honozably
at his lybertie to the comfort of them both: than hære as a
Sanctuarie man, to their both honour and obloque, if
there is not alway so great necessity to haue the Childe to
be with the Mother: but that occasion may sometime be
such, y it should be moze expedient to keepe him else where,
which in this well appeareth, that at such times as your de-
rest sonne then Prince, and nowe King, shoulde so his ho-
nour, and god order of the Countrey, keepe houyholde in
Tales, farre out of your company: your grace was well
content therewith your selfe. Not very well content quoth
the Queen: And yet the case is not like, so the one was then
in health, and the other is now sicke: In which case, I may
well greatly, that my Lord Protector is so desirous to haue
hym in his keeping, where if the chyld in hys sickness
carrie by nature, yet myght he runne into sclaunder and
suspition of kraude. And where they call it a thing so fine
as may not my childes honour, and theys also, that he byeth
in this place: it is all their honours thereto suffer him bide,
where no man doubteth he shall be best kepte, and that is
here,

Edvard the fifth.

hære, whyle I am hære, which as yet intende not to come
közth, and ieoperd my selfe after other of my friendes, which
would God were rather here in suertie with me, thá I were
there in ieoperdie with them. Why Madame (quoth an o-
ther Lord) know you any thing why they should be in leo-
perdie ? Pay berily fir quoth thée, noz why they shoulde be
in prifon nepther, as they now bée. But it is I trowe, no
great maruell though I feare, leaſt those that haue not let-
ted to put them in durelle without colour, will let as little
to procure theyr deſtruction without cause. The Cardinal
made a countenaunce to the other Lozde, that he shoulde
harp no moze upon that kring, ſ then ſaid he to the Quéne,
that he nothing doubted, but that thofe Lozdes of hir hono-
rable kynne, which as yet remayned under arreſt, shoulde
upon the matter examined, doe well ynough : and as to-
warde hir noble person, nepther was, noz could be any
manner ieoperdie. Whereby shoulde I truck that (quoth
the Quéne) in that I am gyſtlesſe ? as though they were
giltie, in that I am with their enimpes better loued than
they ? when they hate them for my ſake, in that I am lo
nære of kynne to the Kyng ? and howe ſarre they be of, if
that would helpe, as God ſend grace it hurt not, and there-
koze as for me, I purpose not as yet, to depart hence. And as
for this Gentleman my ſonne, I mynde that he shall bée
where I am, tyll I ſee further : for I affure you, for that I
ſee some men ſo grendie, without any ſubſtantiall cause to
haue hym, this maketh me much the moze ſearder to dely-
uer him. Truely Madame, quoth he, and the ſearder that
you be to deliuer him, the ſeader bin other men to ſuffer you
to kéepe him, leaſt your cauſeleſſe ſcare might cauſe you ſar-
ther to conuep him: and many be there that thinke he can
haue no priuiledge in this place, which nepther can haue
wyll to alſe it, noz malice to deferue it, and therekoze, they
recken no priuiledge broken, though they ſetche him out,
which it ye finally ſRefuse to deliuer him, I verily thinke
they will. So much dead hath my Lozde his Uncle, for the
tender

tender

Edvard the fifth.

tender loue he beareth him, least your grace shoulde hap to
send him alway.

A Syz (quoth the Quene) hath the P[rotecto]z so tender
zeale, y he seareth nothing but least he shoulde escape him.
Thinketh he that I woulde send him hence, whych neyther
is in the plyght to send out, and in what place could I reca-
ken hym sure, if he be not sure in the Sanctuary ? whereof
was there neuer Tyzaunt yet so diuellyshe that durst pe-
sume to b[re]ake. And I trust God is as strong now to with-
stand his adueraries, as euer he was. But my sonne can
deserve no Sanctuary, and therfore he can not haue it. For,
soth he hath founde a godly glome, by which that place that
may defend a Th[ee]se, may not faue an Innocent. But he
is in no ieoperdie, nor hath no neede thereof: would God he
had not. Troth the P[rotecto]z (I pr[ay] God he may proue
a P[rotecto]z) troweth he that I perceyue not whereunto hys
paynted processe draweth ? It is not honoza[ble] that the
Duke byde here: It were comfor[table] for them both, that
he were with his brother, because the King lacketh a play-
kellowe be ye sure. I pr[ay] God send them both better play-
kelloves than hym, that maketh so high a matter upon such
a tryselyng pretert : As though there coulde none be founde
to play lyeth the King, but if hys brother that hath no luffe
to play for fickenesse, come out of Sanctuary out of his faſ-
garde to play with him. As though Pr[inces] as pong as they
be, could not play but with their P[aires], or children coulde
not playe but with their kinred, with whom for the more
part they agr[ee] much worse than with Straungers. But the
childe can not require the p[riu]ilege: who[to]de him for he
shall heare him alke it, and he will. Howbeit this is a[my]
matter, suppoſe he coulde not alke it, suppoſe he woulde not
alke it, suppoſe he woulde alke to goe out, if I pr[ay] he shall
not, if I alke the p[riu]ilege but for my selfe, I pr[ay] he that a
gainst my will taketh him out, b[re]aketh y[] Sanctuary. Ser-
ueth this libertie for my person only, or for my gods to be
may not hence take my horse from me : it may you take my
child

The Queene.

Edvard the fifth.

child fro me? He is also my ward: soz as my learned coun-
sell theweth mée, lithe he hath nothing by descent holden by
Knightes sezuite, the law maketh his mother his gardaine.
Then may no man I suppose take my warde from me out
of Sanctuarie, without the brieche of Sanctuarie. And if
my priuledge could not serve him, no he aske it soz him-
selke, yet sith the law committeth to me the cultodie of him,
I may require it soz him, ercept the law giue a childe a gar-
vaine onely soz his goods and landes, discharging him of the
cure & safekeping of hys bodie, soz which onely both landes
and goods serue.

And if eráples be sufficient to obtaine priuledge soz my
child, I nede not far to séeke. Foz in this place in which we
now be (as which is now in quettio whether my childe may
take benefit of it) mine other sonne (now king) was bozne, I
kept in his cradle, I pzieferued to a moze pzoisperous foztune,
which I pray God long to continue. And as all you know,
this is not the first time that I haue taken Sanctuarie. Foz
when my Lozde my husbande was banched, and throust out
of hys Ringdome, I fled hither, being great with childe, and
here I bare the Prince. And when my Lozde my husband
returned safe agayne, and had the victorie, then went I
hence to welcome him home, and from hence I brought my
babe the Prince vnto his father, when he first toke him in
his armes. And I pray God that my sonnes palace may be
as great sauegarde vnto him nowe reigning, as this place
was somtime to y kings enimie. In which place I infed to
keepe his brother sith. etc. Wherfoze here intend I to keepe
him, since mans law serueth y gardaine to keepe the infant.
The law of nature will y mother keepe hir child, Gods law
priuledgeth y Sanctuarie, as the Sanctuarie my Son, sith I
I seare to put him in y Pzotectoris hands y hath his brother
alreadye, as were (if both Kayled) inheritor to y Crowne. The
cause of my seare hath no man to doe to eramine. And yet
seare I no farther than y lawe seareth, which as learned me
tell me, soz by ddeth every man the cultodie of them, by whose
death

This that is
here betyveene
this marke,
and this marke
*vvvas not vyvri-
ten by him in
english but is
translated out
of this Hiftorie
vy high he
vvrot in Lat.
ten.

Edvard the fifth.

death he may inherite lesse land than a kingdome. I can na
moze, but who soeuer he be þe breaketh this holy Sancuarie,
I pray God thortly send him næde of Sanctuarie, when he
may not come to it. For taken out of Sanctuarie would I
not my mostall enimie were.

The Lozd Cardinall perceyuing that the Quene was
ed euer the longer the further off, and also that the began to
kindle and chafe,and speake moze byting words against the
ProteCTOR, and such as he neither belieued, nor was also loath
to heare, he said to him soz a small conclusion, that he woulde
no longer dispute the matter, but if he were content to de-
liuer the Duke to him, and to the other Lozes present, he
durst lay his owne body and soule both in pledge, not onely
soz his suertie, but also soz his estate. And if he woulde give
them a resolute answere to the contrarie, he woulde so thyn
with depart therewithall, and shift who so would with this
businesse afterwardes, soz he neuer intended moze to move
hir in that matter, in which the thought that he and al other
also saue hir selfe lacked either wit or truth. Wilt if they were
so dull that they could nothing perceiue what the Protektor
intended : truth, if they should procure him some to be duly
uered into his handles, in whom they should perceyue to
ward the childe any cuill intended.

The Quene with these words sawde a good while in a
greate studie. And soz as much as hir seemed the Cardinall
ready to departe than some of the remnant, and the Prote-
tector himselfe readie at hand, so that the verily thought he
contde not keepe him there, but that he shoulde incontinent
be taken thence, and to convey him else where, neither had
the time to serve him, nor place determined, nor persons ap-
pointed, all things unreadie, this message came on his to
sodainely, nothing lesse looking soz, than to haue him with
out of Sanctuarie, which the thoughte to be nowe belegt in
such places about, he could not be conveyed out without,
and partly (as the thoughte) it might foiztune, hir selfe to
be kalf, so wel the wiste it was eyther nedelesse or botelle.

wherefor,

Edward the fifth.

Wherefore, if the should needes goe from him, the dæmed it best to deliver him. And over that, of the Cardinals faith the nothing doubted, no of some other Lords neither, whom the there salve. Which as the feared least they might be deceived: so was the well assured they would not be corrupted: thought the it should yet make them y moze warden to take to him, & the moze circumspectly to see to his suertie, if the word of some hands be trueke him to the of trust. And at y last the take y vong Duke by the hand, & said unto the Lords: My Lords (quoth the) & al my Lords, I neither am so unwise to mistrust your wittes, nor so suspicious to mistrust your trusses: Of which thing I purpose to make you such a pious, as if either of both lacked in you, mighte furne both me to great soznow, the Realme to much harme, & you to great research. For love, here is (quoth the) this Gentlemã, whom I doubt not but I could here kepe safe, if I would, whatsoever any man say: & I doubt not also, but there be some abode so deadly enimies onto my bloud, y if they will where any of it lay in their own body, they would let it out. We have also experience y the desire of a kingdom knoweth no kinred. The brother hath bene y brothers bane: & may y nephewes be sure of their uncle: Eche of these children is the others defence while they be a sunder, & eche of their lives lieth in the others body. Kæpe one safe & both be sure, & nothing for the both moze perillous, thâ to be both in one place. For what wife Marchant aduatureth all his goods in one chip? Al this not withstanding, here I deliver him, & his brother in him, to kepe, into your hands, of whom I shall ask the both afore god & the world. Faithful ye be y wote I well, & I knowe well you be wife. Power & strength to kepe him if you will, neither lack ye of your self, nor can lack helpe in this case. And if ye can not else where, then may you leave him here. But only one thing I beseeche you, for the trust which his father put in you ever, & for the trust I put in you nowe, as far as ye think ye I keare too much, be you well ware that you feare not as far as little. And therewithall the faide unto the

Ddd.

child

785

## Edvard the fifth.

child, farewel mine own Swæte Son, God send you good kee-
ping: let me kisse you yet once ere you go, for God knoweth
whê we shall kisse together againe. And therwith the killed
him, & blessed him, turned hir back & wept, & went hir way,
leauing your child weeping as fast. When your Lord Cardinal, &
those other Lords w[ha] him, had received this yong duke, they
brought him into your Chamber, where your Protection took
him in his armes, & killed him, with these words: now wel
come my Lord euen w[ith] al my very hart. And he said in your
likelihood as he thought. Thereupon forthwith with them brought
him onto the King his brother, into the Bishops Palace at
Paules, and from thence through the citie honyably into the
Tower, out of your which after your day they neuer came abode.

O diffimulation.

This that is
here betyveene
this marke,
and this marke
*vvras not vvrit
ten by him in
english but is
translated out
of this Historie
vvhich he
vvrote in Lat-
sin.

When the Protection had both your children in his hands,
he opened himselfeboldly, both to certaine other men,
also chiefly to your Duke of Buckingham. Although I know your
my thought your Duke was private to all your Protection's com-
fel, euen from the beginning, of some of the Protection's friends
said, your the duke was the first mover of the Protection to this
matter, sending a private messenger onto him, straight after
R. Edwards death. But other againe which knew better the
subtil wit of your Protection, denied your euer opened his enter-
prise to your duke, until he had brought to pass your things before
rehearsed. But where he had imprisoned your Queens kinsfolks,
& gotten both his sonnes into his owne hands, then he opes-
ned the rest of his purpose with lesse fear to them whom he
thought meet for your matter, as specially to the Duke, who be-
ing won to his purpose, he thought his strength more than
half increased. The matter was broken unto your duke by sub-
till folkes, & such as were their crafts matters in the hand-
ling of such wicked devilles: who declared unto him that he
yong king was offended with him for his kinsfolks sake,
if he were euer able he would revenge them. Who would
prick him forward therunto if they escaped (for they would
remember their imprisonment) or else if they were put to
deathe, without doubt the yong King would be careful

for

## Edvard the fifth.

for their deaths, whose imprisonment was grievous unto him. And that with repenting the Duke should nothing annaile, for there was no way left to redceme his offence by benefits, but he should be now derelict, him selfe than himselfe in such places imprisoned, as the Protector might with a beacke derelict them all: and that it were no doubt but he would do it in dæde, if there were any new enterprise attempted. And that it was lykely, that as the Protector had provided prinie garde for himselfe, so had he spyalles for the Duke, and traynes to catche him, if he should be agapynst him, and that peraduenture from them, whom he least suspected for the state of things and the dispositions of me were then such, that a man could not well tell whom he mighte trust, or whom he might keare. *

These things and such lyke, beþng beaten into the Dukes mynde, brought him to that point, that where he had repented the way that he had entred, yet would he goe for the in the same, and since he had once begunne, he would koncefly goe throughe. And therefore to this wicked enterprise which he belieued coulde not be doyded, he bent himselfe, and went throughe and determined, that since the common mischiefe could not be amended, he would turne it as much as he might to his owne commoditye.

Then it was agréd, that the Protector should haue the Dukes aide to make him King, and that the Protectors onely lawfull sonne should marrie the Dukes daughter, &c. that the Protector should graunt him the quiet possession of the erledome of Hertford, which he claimed as his inheritance, and could neuer obtayne it in King Edwardes time. Besides these requelis of your duke, your Protector of his own minde, promised him a great quantitie of the kings treasure, and of his houcholde kuffe. And when they were thus at a point betwene themselves, they went about to prepare for your Coronation of the yong King as they would haue it selfe. And that they might turne both the eyes and mindes of men from

Dd. y.

per

Edvard the fifth.

perceiving of their drifts other where, the Lozds being sent
for, from all partes of y Realme, came thick to y Solemnité.
But the P[rotector,] the duke after that, that they had sent y
Lord Cardinal, the Archbishop of Torke, then Lord Chauc[
cellour,] the Bishop of Elie, y Lord Stanley, & the lord Haſtines
then Lozde Chamberlaine, w[ie] many other noble men *to*
common & deuise about the co[onation in one place, as falt
were they in another place, contriving the contrarie, and to
make the P[rotector] King. To which C[olicell, albeit there
were adhibited very few, & they were secret: yet began there
here & there about, some maner of muttering among y peo[
ple, as though all should not long be wel, though they ney[
ther wyſt what they feared, no[]z wherefoze, were it that be[
foze such great things mens hartes of a secret instinct of na[
ture misgine them. As the ſea without winde swelleth of
himself sometime beſoze a tempeſt : no[]z were it that some one
man happily somewhat perceiving, ſilled many men with
ſuspition, though he chewed ſew men what he knew. Hol[
beit somewhat the dealing it ſelf made men to m[uſe] on the
matter, though the C[ou]ncell were close. Fo[]z by little and
little, all ſolke withd[ew] from the Tower, & d[rew] to Cro[
bies in B[ishops gate] streete. where the P[rotector] kept his houſ[
hold. The P[rotector] had the resoſt, the King in manner de[
ſolate.

While some for their businesſe made ſute to them that
had the doing, some were by their friends secretly warned,
that it might happily turne them to no god, to be to muche
attendant about the King without the P[rotectors] appoint
ment, which remoued also diuers of the P[inces] olde ſen
uaunts from him, and ſet new about him.

Thus many things coming together, partly by chaunce,
partly of purpose, caused at length not common people onely,
y wound w[ie] the wind, but w[ise] men also, & some Lozds eke
to marke the matter, & m[uſe] thereon, ſo farre forſt, that the
Lozde Stanley that was after Carle of Darbie, w[isely] miſ
truſted it, and ſayde vnto the Lozde Haſtines, that he muche
m[ilike]

Edward the fifth.

misleyed these two several Councils. For while we (quoth he) talke of one matter in y one place, little wote we wherof they talke in the other place. By Lozde (quoth the Lozde Haftings) of my life neuer doubt you : for while one man is there, which is neuer thence, neuer can there be thing once moued, that should sound amisse toward me, but it should be in mine eares ere it were well out of their mouthes.

This ment he by Catesby, whiche was of hys no're se-
crete counsell, and whom he verie familiarly used, and in
his most weightie matters put no man in so speciall truſſ,
reckening himſelfe to no man so lieſe, like the he well wylde
there was no man so muche to him beholden as was this
Catesby, which was a man well learned in the lawes of
this land, and by the speciall ſauour of the Lozde Chamber-
laine, in good authority, and much rule bare in all y Coun-
tie of Lьceſter, where the Lozde Chamberleynes power
chiefely laye. But ſurely great pitie was it, that he had
not had eyther more truth or leſſe wit. For his diffinutati-
on onely, kept all that mischieſe vp. In whom if the Lozde
Haſtings, had not put so speciall truſſ, the Lozde Stanley and
he had departed with diuers other Lozdes, and broken all
the daunce, for many yll ſignes that he ſaue, which he now
conſtrues all to the best. So ſurely thought he, that there
could be no harme toward him in that Councell intended,
where Catesby was.

Catesbier.

And of truth the P[ro]tector, and the Duke of Buckingham,
made verie good ſemblaunce unto the Lozde Haſtings, and
kept him much in companie. And undoubted ly, the P[ro]tec-
tor loued him well, and loth was to haue loſſ him, ſauing
for ſeare leaſt his lyſe should he haue quailed their purpose.
For which cause he moued Catesby to p[ro]oue wyth some
worſes caſt out a farre off, whether he coulde thinke it pos-
sible to winne the Lozde Haſtings unto their part. But Ca-
tesby whether he allaped him, or allaped him not, reporſted
unto them, that he founde him so ſaſſ, and heard him ſpeake
so terrible worſs, that he durſt no further b[re]ake.

Dd. it.

And

790

## Edvard the fifth.

And of truth the Lozde Chamberlayne of verpe trust
thelwed onto Catesby the diffust that other began to hane
in the matter. And therefore he kearing leaft theyp moti-
on might with the Lozde Hastings minishe his credence,
whereunto onely all the matter leaned, procured the Pzo-
tecto? hastily to rid him. And much the rather , for that he
trusted by his death to obtayne muche of the rule that the
Lozde Hastings bare in his Coûtrep : the onely desire wher-
of, was the allective that induced him to be partner and one
speciall contriuer of all this horribile treason.

Wherebontoon some after, that is to wit, on the Fryday
the thirteenth day of June, many Lozdes assembled in the
Tower, and there sat in Councell, deuising the honoura-
ble Solemnitie of the Kings Coronation, of which the Tyne
appoynted then so neare approched , that the Pageantes
and Subtiltyes were in making daye and night at Westmin-
Her, and much vitaple kylled therefore, that afterward was
tak away.

These Lozdes so sitting together communing of thys
matter, the Pzotectorz came in amongst them first about it,
of the clocke, saluting them courteously, and excusing hym-
self that he had bene from them so long, saying merily that
he had bene a sleeper that day.

And after a little talking with them, he sayde onto the
Byshop of Elie : My Lozde you hane verpe god Strawbe-
ries at your Garden in Holborne, I require you let us hane
a melle of them. Gladly my Lozde (quoth he) Woulde God
I had some better thing as readie to your pleasure as that.
And therwith in all the haſt he sent hys ſeruant for a melle
of Strawberies.

The Pzotectorz set the Lozdes fast in communing, there-
bontoon praying them to spare him for a little while, departed
thence. And some after one houre, betwene r. and th. here-
turned into the Chamber among them all, changed with a
wonderfull soure angrie countenance, knitting þ hzowes,
frowning & fretting, & gnawing on his lippes, & so sat hym
downe.

Edvard the fifth.

downe in his place, all the Lords much dismayde and soze
marnelling of this manner of sodaine change, & what thing
should him aile. Then, whé he had sitten still a while, thus
he began: What were they wozthy to haue that compasse
and imagine the destrucion of mee, beþng so nære of bloud
unto the King, and P[rotector] of his Royall person and his
Realme? At this question, all the Lords sat soze aſtonyed,
musing much by whom this queſtion thoulde be ment, of
which euery man wylt himſelfe cleare.

Then the Lord Chamberlaine, as he that for the loue be-
kwene them thoughte he might be boldest with him, aun-
swered and sayde, that they were wozthy to be puniſhed as
heypous traytoſs, whatſoever they were. And all the o-
ther affyzmed the ſame. That is (quoth he) p[onder sozcerelle
my h[]others wyſe, and other with hir, meaning h Quene.
At these words many of h other Lords were greatly abalh-
ed, h fauoured hir. But h Lord Haſtings was in his minde
better content, h it was moued by hir, th[+]a by any other wh[+]o
he loued better: Albeit his hart ſomwhat grudged, h he was
not aſoze made of counsel in this matter, as he was of the
taking of hir kinred, ¤ of their putting to death, which were
by his affent before, deuised to be beheaded at Pomfret thys
ſelf same day, in which he was not ware h it was by other
deuised, h himſelf should be beheaded h same day at London.
Then ſaide the P[rotector], ye shall all ſee in what wise that
ſo[cerelle], and that other W[itch] of hir counſell Shores w[ife]
with their affinitie, haue by their ſo[cerie] and w[itchcrakte]
waſked my body. And therewith he plucked vp his dublet
ſleue to his elbow vp[on] his left arme, where he thewed a we-
riſh withered arme, and ſmal, as it was neuer other. And
ther[up]o[ne] every man in his minde so[ze] milgaue them, wel percei-
ving h this matter was but a quarrel. For they well w[il]ſt h
the Quene was two w[ise] to goe about any such ſolly. And al-
so if the would, yet would the of all ſolke leaſt make Shores
w[ife] of counſell, whom of all women the moſt hated, as that
Concabine whome the King h[ir] husbande had moſt loued.

Dd. iij.

And

792

Edvard the fifth.

And also, no manne was there present but well knew that
his arme was euer suche since his byrth. May thelesse the
Lorde Chamberlayne (which from the death of Lyng Ed-
ward kept Shores lyfe, on whom he somewhat doted in the
Kings lyfe, sauing (as it is sayd) he, that while fozbare his
of/reuerence toward the L. or else of a certainn kind of fidel-
tie to his friend) aunsweared and sayd: certainly my Lord,
if they haue so heynously done, they be worthie heynous
punishment.

What (quoth the P[rotector] that thou SERVEst me I weene with
iffes and with andes, I tell thee they haue so done, and that
I will make good on thy bodye traytour : and therewith as
in a great anger, he clapped his fist upon the board a great
rappe. At which token giuen, one cried treason without the
Chamber. Therewith a doze clapped, and in come there
rushing men in harnesse, as many as the Chamber myght
holde. And anone the P[rotector] sayd to the Lord Haltings,
I arreft thee Traptour : What that mee my Lord (quoth he)
pea the traitour quoth the P[rotector]. And another let me
at the Lorde Stanley, which thynke at the Kroke, and fell
under y table, or else his head had been cleft to the teeth: so
as shortly as he thynke, yet came the bloud about his eares.
Then were they al quickly beftowed in diuers Chambers,
ercept the Lorde Chamberlaine, whom the P[rotector] bad
spede and thriue him apace, so by Saint Paule (quoth he)
will not to dinner till I see thy head off.

It boted him not to alke why, but heauily toke a P[r]iefst
at auenture and made a short lyiff, so a longer would not
be suffred, the P[rotector] made so much haft to dinner, which
he might not goe to, till this were done, so sauing of his
othe. So was he brought so th into the gréne besyde the
Chappell within the Towne, and his head layde downe by-
pon a long logge of Tymber, and there striken off, and al-
terward his body with the head entered at Windfor beside y
body of King Edward.

A maruellous case is it to heare eyther the warnings of
that

The Lorde Stã
ley vvounded.

Edwvarde the fifth.

793

that he shoulde haue boyded, or the tokens of that he coulde
not boyde, for the selfe night next before his death, the Lord
Stanley sente a truffie secrete messenger onto him at myd-
night in all the haffe, requiring him to rive and ride awaye
with hym, for he was disposed utterly no longer to byde, he
hadde so fearefull a dzeame, in whiche him thoughte that a
Boare with his tuskes so raised them both by þ' heads, that
the blond ran about both their shoulders. And so as much
as the P[rotector] gaue the Boare so his cognisance, this
dzeame made so fearefull an impression in his heart, that he
was throughly determined no longer to farrie, but had hys
housse readie, if the Lord Haſtings would goe wyth hym to
ride yet so farre the same nighte, that they shoulde be out of
daunger ere dape. Ha good Lord (quoth the Lord Haſtings
to this messenger) leaneth my Lorde thy mailſter so muche
to suche trifles, and hath such kapth in dzeames, whiche ey-
ther his owne feare fantastith, or doe rive in the nightes rest
by reason of his day thoughts. Tell him it is plaine witch-
craft to belæue in such dzeames, whiche if they were tokens
of things to come, why thinketh he not þ' we mighte be as
likely to make the true by our going, if we were caught and
brought back (as friends kaple flærs) so þ' had þ Boare a
tause likelye to race vs with his tuskes, as folke þ' fled so
some fal ſehode, wherfore eyther is there no peril, nor none
there is in dæde : or if any be, it is rather in going than by-
ding. And if we shoulde needs coſſ fal in peril one way or
other, yet had I lieſſer þ men should see that it were by other
mennes fal ſehode, than thinke it were eyther by our owne
faulte, or kainte hearte. And therefore go to thy mailſter
manne and cammende me to him, and p[ray] him to be mer-
ry and haue no feare : so I ensure him I am as sure of the
manne that he woteth of, as I am of mine owne hande.
GD sende grace fir, quoth the messenger, and went his
waye.

Certaine is it also, that in riding towards the Tower
the same mo[ning] in whiche he was beheaded, his Horſſe

Dd. b.

The Lorde
Stanleys
dreams.

Edvard the fifth.

twice or thrice stumbled with him, almost to the falling,
which thing albeit eache man wote wel dayly happeneth to
them to whom no such milchance is toward, yet hath it bin
of an olde rite and encomtome, observed as a token oftentimes
notably fozegoing some great misforfune.

Now this that followeth, was no warning but an enuy
ous koize.

The same morning ere he was by, came a knight into
him, as it were of curtesie, to accompany him to the Coun
sell, but of trueth sent by the Pzotector to halt him thither,
wardes, with whom he was of secrete confederacie in that
purpose, a meane man at that time, and nowe of great au
thoritie.

This Knight when it happened the Lozde Chamber-
layne by the waye to lay his hozze, and commune a while
with a Priest whom he mette in the Tower Streete, brake his
tale, and sayde merily to him, what mp Lozde I pape you
come on, whereto talke you so long with that Prieste, you
haue no neede of a Priest yet: and therewith he laughed by
on hym, as though he would saye, yee shall haue some.
But so little wist the tother what he mente, and so little
misknown, that he was neuer merier, no neuer so ful of god
hope in his life, which selfe thing is often scene a signe of change.
But I that rather let any thing palle me, than y baine sure
tie of mans minde so neare his death.

Upon the very Tolver Wharfe, so neare the place wher
his head was off some after, there met he with one Haftings
a Purgsuaunt of his owne name. And of theye mecting in
that place, he was put in remembraunce of another time,
in whiche it hadde happened them before to meete in litle
manner togither in the same place. At whiche other time
the Lord Chamberlain had bin accused into King Edward
by the Lozde Riuers the Queenes brother, in lache wife as
he was for the while (but it lasted not long) far fallen into
Kings indignation, and soode in great feare of himself. And
for as much as he now mette this Purgsuaunt in the same

place

Edward the fifth.

place that jeopardie so well pass'd, it gaue him great pleasure to talke with him thereof, with whom he hadde before talked thereof in the same place, whyle he was therin. And therefòre he sayde: Ah Haltings arte thou remembred when I met thee here once with an heauie hearte. Pea my Lordes (quoth he) that remember I well, and thanked be God, they got no good, nor you no harme thereby. Thou wouldest saye so (quoth he) if thou knewest as much as I knowe, whyche fewe knowe else as yet, and mo thal shortly. That ment he by the Lords of the Queenes kyndred that were taken before and should that daye be beheaded at Ponsfraite: which he well will, but nothing ware that the Ape hung ouer his owne heade. In sayth man (quoth he) I was neuer so forzie, noz neuer knowe in so great dzeade in my life, as I dyd when thou and I mette here. And lo howe the worlde is turned, nowe stand mine enimies in the daunger (as thou mapest happe to heare more hereafter) and I neuer in my life so merp, noz neuer in so great suretie.

O good God the blindnelle of our moztall nature, when he moffeared, he was in good suretie, when he reckened himselfe sureft, he loff his life, & that within two hours after.

Thus ended thys honourable man, a good knight and a gentle, of greate authoritie with hys Prince, of lyuing somewhat diffolute, playne and open to hys enimie, and so crete to his friend, easie to beguile, as he that of good hearte and courage so festeudied no perilles: a louing man and pafsing wel beloved; very faithful and trustie ynough, trusting to two much. Now flew the fame of this Lords death swiftlie through the Citie, and so forthe further about like a winde in every mans care.

But the Protecto:z immediately akker dinner, intending to sette some colour upon the matter, sent in all half soz ma:ny substantial men out of the Citie into the Tower. And at thep:z comming, himselfe with the Duke of Buckingham, soode harnessed in olde yll faring Briganders, such as no man shoulde wene that they would bouchsafe to haue put upon their:

The description of the Lord Haltings.

Edvard the fifth.

their backes, except that some sodain necessitie had contrai-
ned them.

And then the Protectour shewed them, that the Lozde
Chamberlaine and other of his conspiracie had contriued
to haue sodainelp destroyed hym, and the Duke, there the
same dave in the Counsel. And what they intended further
was as yet not well knowne. Of whiche their Treason hee
neuer had knowledge before tenne of the clocke the same
fozenone, which sodain feare droue them to put on for their
defence suche harneys as came nert to hande. And so hadde
God holpen them, that the mischief turned upon them that
woulde haue done it. And thys he requyed them to re-
port.

The Profeſors
proclamation.

Every man aunswered him ſayle, as though no manne
miltruſted the matter, which of trothe no manne beleeued,
Yet for the further appealing of the peoples minde, he ſent
immediately after dinner in al half, an Herault of armes,
wyth a Proclamation to be made throughe the Citie in the
Ryngs name, conteyning, that the Lord Haſings with de
uerſe other of his trayterous purpose, had before conspited
the same dave, to haue ſaine the Lozde Protectour, and the
Duke of Buckingham, sitting in the Counſell, and after to
haue taken upon them to rule the King, and the realme, at
theyp pleasure, and thereby to pill and spoyle whome they
lif ſuncontrolled. And much matter there was in that pro
clamation, deuised to the ſlaunder of the Lozde Chamber
lapne, as that he was an euill Counſayler to the Kings ſa-
ther, enticing him to manpe things highly redounding to
the minifhing of his honour, and to the vnuiuſall hurt of
his Realme by his euill companpe, ſinifter p[ro]curing, and
ungracious enſample, as wel in manpe other things, as in
the vicious liuing and ino[rdinate] abuſion of hys bodie,
both wyth manpe other, and also ſpecially wyth ſhores
lwife, whiche was one also of hys moſſe ſecreſt counſaile of
thys heypnons treason, with whom he laye nightlye, and
namely the night laſt paſt nerte before his death, so that it
was

## Edvard the fifth.

Was the least maruaple, if ungratious liuing brought him to an unhappy ending, whiche he was nowe putte vnto, by the molle dead commaundemente of the Kings highnesse, and of his honorable and kaphthfull counsayle, bothe soz hys demerites, being so openly taken in hys fall, soe conceyued treason, and also leaste the delaying of his execution, might haue encouraged other mischieuous persons part-ners of his conspiracie, to gather and assemble themselves together, in making some greate commotion soz hys dely-ueraunce : whose hope being nowe by his well de servied death politikely repreised, al þ realm should by gods grace, rest in good quiet and peace.

Now was this proclamation made wythin two houres after that he was beheaded, and it was so curiously indited, and so faire written in parchment, in so well a sette hand, and therewith of it selfe so long a proceſſe, that euery childe might well perceypue that it was prepared before. For all þ time betwene his death and the p[ro]clayming, could he kant hane ſuſſiced vnto the bare writing alone, all had it b[œ]ne but in Paper, and ſcribled so forth in haffe at aduenture. So that upon the p[ro]clayming thereof, one that was Scholemaſter of Paules, of chaunce standing by, and comparing the ſhoſtneſse of the time with the length of the matter, layd vn-to them that stode about him, here is a gap goodly caſt, foule caſt away so haffe: and a Cha Chaunt aunſweared him, that it was written by p[ro]phecie. Nowe then by þ by, as it were so anger, not so courtile, the p[ro]tectour ſent into the house of Shores wife (so hir hufbande dwelled not with her) and spoyled hir of all that euery man had, abone the value of two or three thouſande marke, and ſent her body to p[ri]ſon. And when he had a while layde vnto her (so the manner ſake) that she wente aboute to bewitch him, and that she was of counſaile with the Lo[d] Chaberlaine to destroyp him: in conclusion when that no colour could be taken vpon these mat-ters, then he layde heypnously to hir charge, þing that hir selfe could not denye, that all the world will be true, and that

798

## Edvard the fifth.

that napthelesse every manne laughed at, to heare it then so sodainely, so highly taken, that he was nought of his body.

And for this cause (as a good continent Prince, cleane and faultlesse of himselfe, sente out of heauen into this bickous world for the amendment of mens manners) he caused the Bishop of London to put hye to open penaunce, going before the Crosse in Procession, upon a Sunday, with a Taper in his hande. In which he went in countenance and pace deure so womanly, and albeit he were out of al array sane his kytle onlye, yet wente he so faire and lovely, namely while the wondering of the people calle a comely rude in his cheekes (of which he before had molte mille), y his great shame wanne his much prayse, among those that were more amorous of his bodye, than curious of his soule. And many good folke also that hated his living, and glad were to see in corrected: yet pitied they more his penaunce, than rejoyced therein, when they considered that the Piot forso procured it, more of a corrupt intent, than any vertuous affection.

This woman was borne in London, worth fullye friended, honestly brought up, and very well married, saving some what two wome, his husband an honest Citizen, yong & godly, and of good subtilence. But for as much as they were coupled ere she were well ripe, she not very fervently loued, for she the neuer longed, which was happily the thing that y more easily made his incline onto the Kings appetite, when he required his. Howbeit the respect of his royalty, the hope of gay apparell, ease, pleasure, and other wanton wealth, was able wome to pierce a soft tender hearte.

But when the king had abused his, an one his husband as he was an honest man, as one y could his good, not pzeeling to touch a Kings Concubine) left his up to him altogether.

When the King died, the Lord Chamberlain tolle hye, whiche in the Kings dapes, albeit he was so se enamoured upon his, yet he forzebare his, eyther for his reverence, or for a certaine friendly saythfulnesse. Proper he was and happy: nothing in his body that you would have chaunged, but if you

The description of Shores vwife.

Edvard the fifth.

you would have wished him somewhat higher.

Thus say thep that knewe him in his youth. Albeit some
that nowe see him (for yet the lineth) seeme him neuer to have
bene wel visaged, whose judgement seeth me somewhat
like, as though men should gesse the beautie of one long be-
fore departed, by his scalpe taken out of the charnel house:
for now is the olde, leane, withered, and doped vp, nothing
left but riueld skin and hard bone. And yet being even such:
who so wel aduise him visage, might gesse and denise, which
parts how filled would make it a faire face. Yet delited
not men so much in his beautie as in his pleasant behaui-
our. For a proper wit had the, and could be both reade well
and write, merrie in companye, readie and quicke of aun-
swere, neyther mute nor full of bable, sometime taunting
without displeasure, and not without dispoze.

The King would say that he had thçe Concubines, whi-
ch in thçe diverse properties diuersely excelled. One the me-
riest, another the wyldest, the thirde the holiest harlot in his
Realme, as one whom no man could get out of the Church
lightly to any place, but it were to his bed. The other two
were somewhat greater personages, and natheleſſe of their
humility content to be nameleſſe, to be so beare the praise of
those properties. But y merciest was this Shors wife, in who
the King therfore toke speciall pleasure. For many he had,
but him he loned, whose favour to take the troth (for sinne it
were to belie the Dinel) the neuer abused to any măs hurt,
but to manpe a mannes co moſtze and relieſe : where the
Lyng toke displeasure he would mitigate and appease his
mynde : where men were out of favour chce would bryng
them in his grace. For many that hadde highlye offen-
ded chce obtayned pardon. Of great коſkeptures the gat men
remission. And finally, in many weightie ſutes the коſde
many men in great коſtade, eyther for none or very small re-
wardes, and those rather gape than riche: eyther for that the
was content with the deede ſelſe well done, or for that ches
delpted to be sued vnto, and to the we what chce was able

King Edwards
three concubines.

Edvard the fifth.

to doe with the King, or that wanton women and weak
thy be not at wayes conetous.

I doubt not some shall thinke this woman to fleyghste a
thing to be written of, and set among the remembraunce of
great matters: whych they shall speciallye thinke, that hap
pilye shall elſteme hir onely, by that they noowe ſee hir. But
me ſeemeth the chaunce so muche the more wortthy to be re
membred, in how much the is noowe in the more beggerlye
condition, onkrien ded and wozne out of acquaintaunce, al-
ter god subſkaunce, after as great fauour with the Prince,
after as greate lute and ſeekyng to with all those that those
dayes had businesse to ſpède, as manye other men were in
theyz tymes, which be now famous only by the inſaunce of
theyz yl dæds. Hir doings wer not much leſſe albeit they be
much leſſe remembred bycause they were not so euil. For me
bſe if they haue an euill turne, to write it in Marble, as who
so doeth as a good turne, we write it in duste, whiche is not
worſt proued by hir: for at this day the beggeth of manne at
thys day lyuing, that this day had begged if the had not bin.

Now was it so deuised by the Protecour and his coun-
ſayle, that the ſelſe dave in whych the Lord Chamberlayne
was beheaded in the Tower of London, and aboute the ſelſe
ſame houre, was there (not without his affent) beheaded at
Ponfraite, the fozeremembred Lords and Knaſhights that were
taken from the King at Northampton and Stonie Stratforde.
Which thing was done in the presence, and by the order of
sir Richard Ratcliffe Knight, whole ſeruice the Protecour
ſpecially used in that counſell, and in the execution of that
lawlſe enterprizſes, as a man that had bene long ſeruice
wyth him, having experience of the wozlde, and a thelde
witte, ſhoſt and rude in ſpèch, rough and boſſerous the
haupour, bolde in mischiese, as farre from pitie as fromal
ſeare of God.

This Knight bringing the out of his prison to the scaffold,
and shewing to the people about that they were traptours,
not suffering them to declare what ſpeake their innocency, leaſt
their

Sir Richard
Ratcliffe.

Edyvarde the fifth.

801

their words might haue inclyned men to pitie them, and to hate the Protector and his part: caused them haakily wythout iudgement, p[ro]ces, or manner of order, to be beheaded, & without other earthly gilt, but onely that they were good me, two true to the Kyng, and two nigh to the Quæne.

The Lord Ravers and other beheaded.

P[o]we when the Lo[de] Chamberlaine and these other Lo[des] and Knightes were thus beheaded and ridde out of the way: then thoughte the P[rot]ector, that whyle men mus[ed] what the matter ment, while the Lo[des] of the Realme were about him out of the[ry] owne strengthes, while no ma' w itselfe what to thinke, no[?e] whome to truthe, ere euer they should have space to dispute and disgest the matter and make parties, it were best haakily to pursue his purpose, and put himselfe in possession of the Crown, ere men could haue time to denife any way to refist.

But nowe was all the kudie by what meane this mat[ter] being of it selfe so hepnous, might be firſt broken to the people, in such w itselfe that it might be well taken.

To this Councell they toke diverse, suche as they thought mekely to be trusted, likel[y]e to be induced to that parte, and able to kande them in steade eyther by power or policie.

Among whome they made of Counſaile Edmonde Shaa Knight then Maio[?z] of London, which upon truſt of his owne aduauncement, whereof he was of a p[ro]oude hearte highlye desirous, should frame the Citie to the[ry] appetite. Of SPIRITUALL men they toke such as had wit, and were in authority among the people for opinion of their learning, and had no scrupulous confidence.

Edmond Shaa
Maior of Lo[de]s

Among these hadde they Iohn Shaa Clearke, brother to the Maio[?z], and Fryer Penker, p[ro]vinciall of the Anguſtine Fryers, both Do[ct]ours of diuinitie, both great Preacher[es], both of more learning than vertue, of more fame than learning. For they were beſoze gretly eſtæmed among the people: but after that neuer. Of these two the tone had a ſermon in prayſe of the P[rot]ector before the co[z]onation,

Do[ct]our Shaa,
Frier Penker,

the
Eee.

Edvard the fifth.

502

the father after, both so ful of tedious flatterie, that no más
eares coulde abide them.

Penker in his sermon so loft his boyce, that he was fain
to leaue off and come downe in the midft. Doctor Shaa by
his sermon loft his honestie, and ſone after his like, for be-
rpe thame of the worlde, into whiche he durſke never after
come abroade. But the Frier ſoſed for no thame, and ſo it
harmed him the leſſe. Howbeit ſome doubt & many thinke,
that Penker was not of counſayle of the matter before
the coronation, but after the common maner, ſel to flatterie
after : namely ſith his Sermon was not incontinent oppon
it, but at Saint Marie Hospitall at the Easter after. But
certaine it is, that Doctor Shaa was of counſayle in the be-
ginning, ſo farre forth, that they determined that he should
first breake the matter in a Sermō at Panles Crotſe, in whi-
the he should by the authoſtie of his preaching, incline the
people to the Protectors ghostly purpose.

But now was all the labour and Studie, in the deuife of
some convenient pretert, for whyche the people should be
content to depose the Prince, and accepe the Protectors ſo
King. In which diuerſe things they deuised. But the chief
thing and the weighte of all that invention, reſted in thys,
that they should alledge Barckardie, eſther in king Edward
himſelſe, or in his children, or both. So that he should ſeme
disabled to inherite the Crowne, by the Duke of Torke, and
the p[ro]ince by him.

To laye Barckardie in King Edward, founded openlie
to the rebuke of the Protectors owne mother, which was
mother to them both: for in that point could be none other
colour but to pretende that his owne mother was an ad-
noutresse, which notwithſtanding, to further this purpose
he letted not: but nay the leſſe, he woulde that p[ro]nt should
be leſſe and moze ſauourably handled, not even fully plaine
and directly, but that the matter should be touched allope
erak tily, as though men ſpared in that point to ſpeake at the
troth, for ſeare of his displeasure.

But

## Edvard the fifth.

But the other popant concerning the Bauffardie that they devised to furmife in King Edwardes children, that would be, should be openly declared, and inforced to the bettermost. The colour and pietert whereof, cannot be wel perceyued, but if we firſte reypeate you some things long before done about King Edwards mariage.

After that King Edwarde the fourth hadde deposed King Henrie the fifth, and was in peaceable posſeffiò of his realm, determining himſelfe to marie, as it was requiſte both for himselfe and for the Realme, he ſent ouer in Ambaffade the Earle of Warwicke, with other noble men in his companye vnto Spaine, to intreate and conclude a mariage betweene King Edwarde and the Kings daughter of Spaine. In which thyng the Earle of Warwicke founde the parties so towarde and willing, that he ſpèdiſe according to his inſtructions without any difficultie, brought the matter to very good conclusion.

Now happened it, that in the meane season there came to make ſute by petition to the king Dame Elizabeth Gray, which was after his Quene, at that time a Widowe, borne of noble bloude, specially by his mother, which was Dutches of Bedforde, ere he married the Lozde Woodfielde his Father. Howbeit this Dame Elizabeth hir ſelpe, being in ſeruice wyth Quene Margaret, wike vnto King Henrie the fifth, was marped vnto one John Gray an Esquire, whom King Henrie made Knight, vppon the kielde that he had on Bernet Heath by Saint Albons against King Edwarde. And little while enioyed he that Knighthoode, for he was at the fame kielde flaine.

Dame Elizabeth Gray.

After which done, and the Earle of Warwicke being in his Ambaffade aboute the before remembred mariage, this poore Ladie made humble ſute vnto his King, that the might be refkozed vnto such ſmall landes as his late hufbande had giuen him in iopnture. Whome when the Kyng behelde, and heare de his ſpeake, as he was both fayre and of a goodly fauour, moderate of nature, wel made, and very wisedhe

Ces.y.

not

Edvard the fifth.

not only pitied hir, but also wared enamoured of hir. And
takyng hir after secretly aside, beganne to enter in talking
moze familiarly. Whose appetite when the perceypued, the
vertuously denped hym. But that did the so wisely, & with
so good maner, and words so wel set, that the rather kindled
his desire than quenched it.

And finally, after manpe a meeting, muche twyng,
and manpe greate promises, the well espyed the Kings af-
fection towarde hyr so greatelpe encreased, that the durste
somewhat the moze boldely say hir minde, as to him whose
heart the perceypued moze feruently set, than to fall off for a
woode.

And in conclusion, the shewed him playne, that as the
wyllke hyr selfe to simple to be his wife, so thoughte the hir
selke to be good to be hys Concubine. The King muche mar-
uelling at hir constancie, as hee that hadde not bene wonde
else where to be so stiffelpe sayde naye, so muche effa-
med hir continencie and challitpe, that hee sette hyr be-
tue in the keade of possession and riches, and thus takyng
Counsayle of his desire, determined in all possible halle to
marp hir.

And after he was thus appointed, and hadde betwene
them twaine ensured hir: then alked he Counsaile of hys o-
ther friendes, and that in suche manner, as they might then
perceive, it boted not greatly to say nap. Notwithstandin
the Dutches of Yorke his mother was so soze moued therib,
that the diswaded the mariage as much as the possible might,
alleaging it was his honoz, rozokite and surety also, to mo-
rie in a noble rozogenie out of his Realme, wherupon be-
pended great strength to his effate, by affinitie, and great
possibilitie of encrease of his possession. And that he could
not well otherwise doe, standing that the Earle of Warrick,
had so far moued alreadye, which were not likely to take it
wel, if al his boiage wer in such wife frustrate, as his apoint-
ments deluded. And the sayd also, it was not Princely to
mary his

The Kings
Mot. 1615.

Edvard the fifth.

his own subiede, no greate occasion leading thereunto, no
possessions, or other commoditie depending thereupon, but
onely as it were a rich man that woulde marie his mapde,
only for a little wanton dotage upon him person. In which
marriage many mo comende the mapdens fortune than the
maisters wisedome. And yet therin the sayd ther was more
honestie than hono: in this marriage. For as much as there
is betwene no Merchauunte and his owne mapde so greate
difference, as betwene the King and this widow. In whose
person, albeit there was nothyng to be mislyked, yet was
there (the sayde) nothing so excellent but that it mighte bee
founde in diverse other that were more meetly (quoth Thæ)
for your estate, and mapdens also, wheras the only widow
head of Elizabeth Gray, though she were well other things
conuenient for you, thoude yet suffice as me semeth to re-
frayne you from his marriage, fithe it is an unslitting thing,
and a very blemithe and high disparagemente to the sacred
maiestie of a Prince, that ought as nigh to appzoche priest-
hode in cleanelle as he doth in dignitie, to be defouled with
Bigamie in his first marriage.

The King when his mother had sayde, made hir aun-
swere, part in earnest, part in play merily, as he that wylle
himselfe out of his rule. And albeit he woulde gladlye that
the King should take it well, yet was at a point in his own minde,
toke the it well or otherwise. Howbeit somewhat to satisfie
hir, he sayde, that albeit marriage bevng a Spiritual thing,
oughte rather to be made for the respect of God, where hys
grace enclyneth the parties to loue togtiher, as he trusted
it was in hys, than for the regarde of any Temporall adua-
tage: yet naythelesse, him semed that this marriage euen
woldly considered, was not vnprofitable. For he reckened
the amitie of no earthly Nation so necessarie for him, as the
friedschip of his own, which he thought likly to beare him for
muche the more heartie fauour, in that he disdayned not to
marie with one of his owne lande. And yet if outward alio-
aunce were thought so requisite, he would finde the meanes

Cee. itf.

to

The Kings and
they were to his
mother.

Edvard the fifth.

to enter thereunto, much better by other of his kinne, where
all the parties could be contented, than to marve himselfe
whom he should happily neuer loue, and for the possibilitie
of more possessions, lease the fruite and pleasure of this that
he had alredy. For small pleasure taketh a man in all that
euer he hath beside, if he be wained against his appetite. And
I doubt not (quoth he) but there be as ye saye other, so be in
every point comparable with him. And therfore I let not the
that like them to wedde them. No more is it reason, that it
mislke any man, if I marry where it liketh me. And I am
sure if my cousin of Warwicke neither loueth me so little, to
grudge at if I loue, nor is so unreasonable to love if I hold
in chopse of a wife, rather be ruled by his eie, than by mine
own: as though so were a ward if she would to mar by his
pointment of a Gardaine. I would not be with her, without
tiò, to forbear mine own libertie in choise of mine own ma-
riage. As for possibilitie of more inheritance by new affinitie
in strange lands, is of the occasion of more trouble than pro-
site. And we have already title by that means, to so much
as sufficeth to get and keep well in one man's days. That
she is a Widow, and hath already children, by God's blessing
Ladie, I am a Bachelor and have some to, and so cache of
us hath a province that neither of us is like to be barraine. And
therefore (Madame) I pray you be conferte, I trust in God
the King bring forth a young Prince that shall please you. And
as for the Bigamie, let the Bishop hardly lay it in my tow
when I come to take orders. For I understand it is forbidden
a Priest, but I neuer will it yet, if it was forbidden a Prince.

The Dutches with these words nothing appeased, and
keing the King so sette thereon, that the could not put him
back, so highly she disdayned it, that under præter of his du-
tie to Godward, she deuised to disturbe this marriage, and
rather to helpe if he should marie one Dame Elizabeth Lu-
cy, whom the King hadde also not long before gotten with
childe. Wherfore the Kings mother openly obviated against
his marriage, as it were in discharge of his conscience, that
the

Edvard the fifth.

807

the King was sure to Dame Elizabeth Lucy, and his huf-
ande before God. By reason of which words, such obstacle
was made in the matter, that eyther the Bishop's durst not,
or the R. would not proceed to the solemnization of this wed-
ding, til these same wer clearly purged, & the froth wel and
openly testified. Therupon dame Eliz. Lucy was sente for.
And albeit that she was by the Kings mother and many

Elizabeth Lucy

And albeit that she was by the Kings mother and many
other put in good comforte, to affirme that she was ensutred
unto the King: yet when she was solemnly sworn to say the
troth, the confessed that they were neuer ensured. Howbeit
the sayde his grace spake so louing words unto him, that she
verily hoped he woulde have maried him. And if it had not
bene for such kindes wordes, she would neuer have chewed
such kindnes to him, to let him so kindly get hir with child.

This examination solemnly taken, when it was clear-
ly percevued that there was none impedimente : the King
with gret feast and honozable solemnitie, married dame Eli-
zabeth Gray, and hir crowned Queen that was his enemi-
es wife, & many time had prayed ful heartilye for his louse,
in which God loued hir better than to graunte hir hir bone.

The kings
marriage.

But when the Earle of Warwicke hnderstode of this ma-
riage, he toke it so highly that his Ambassade was deluded,
that for very anger and disdaine, he at his returning assem-
bled a great puiffaunce against the King, & came so fast upo
him or he could be able to resiff, that he was fayne to boyd
the realme, and flée into Hollande for succour, where he re-
mayned for the space of two yeres, leauing his new wife in
Westminster in Sanctuarie, where she was deliuered of Ed.
the Prince, of whom we before haue spokē. In which mean
time the Earle of Warwicke toke out of prison, and set vppe
again King Henrie the fifth, which was before by the King Ed-
ward deposed, & that much what by his power of the Earle of
Warwick which was a wife man, and a couragious warrio,
of such strength, what for his lands, his alliance, & fauoure
with all people, that he made Kings, and put down kings
almost at his pleasure, & not impossible to have atteyned it

Ece.iij.
himselfe,

The king fled.

The prince
borne.

K. Henrie the
sixth set vp.

Of the Erle of
V Varvyckes

803

## Edvard the fifth.

himselve, if he had not reckened it a greater thing to make a
King than to be a King. But nothing laczeth alway: soz in
conclusion King Edwarde returned, and with muche lolle
number than he had at Barnet on the Casterday kielde, une
the Earle of Warwicke, with many other great eftats of that
partie, and so kable attayned the Crowne againe, that he
peaceably enioped it until his dying day: and in such plight
left it, that it coulde not be lolle, but by the discozde of his
very friendes, or falsehode of his kyned friends. I haue re-
heard this businelle aboute this mariage somewhat the
moze at length, bycause it might thereby the better appeare
upon howe slipper a grounde the P[rotector] builted his co-
lour, by whiche he pretended King Edwardes children to be
Baftardes. But that inuention simple as it was, it lided
them to whom it sufficed to haue somewhat to saye, whyle
they were sure to be compelled to no larger p[ro]ze than the-
selues like to make.

The Erle of
V Varvvicke
flaine.

Now then (as I began to shew you) it was by the P[ro]
tector, and his counsaille concluded, that this D[oc]out Shaas
should in a sermon at Paules crosse signispe to the people, y,
neither king Edwarde himselve, nor the Duke of Clarence,
were lawfully begotten, nor were not the very children of
y[or]ke, but begott[en] unlawfully by other perfids, by
aduoutrie of the Duthes their mother. And that also dame
Elizabeth Lucy was verily the wife of King Edward, and to
the Prince and al his children Baftards, that were begott[
]e
upon the Quicne. According to this deuise D[oc]out Shaas y
Sonday after, at Paules Crosse in a greate audience (as al
way assembled great number to his preaching) he took his
Theame Spuria vitulamina non agent radices altas. That is
to say: Baftarde flippes (hal neuer take deepe roote).

D[oc]out Shaas
Sermon.

There vppon when he had shewd the great grace that
God gineth & secretly infundeth in right generation after y-
lawes of matrimonie, the declared he y commonly those chil-
dren lacked y grace, & for y punithment of their parets were
soz y more part unhapp[ie], which wer gott[en] in bale, & special-

lg

Edvard the fifth.

ly in aduoutrie. Of which though some by the ignozance of
the world and the truth hid from knowledge inherited for
the season other mens landes, yet God alway so prouideth,
that it continueth not in their bloud long, but in truth com-
ming to light, the rightfull inheritors be reffoized, and the
baffard slip pulled vp ere it can be raked dæpe. And when
he had laid for the proue and confirmation of this sentence
certaine ensamples taken out of the old Testament, and o-
ther auncient hiftories, then beganne he to descend into the
praise of the Lozde Richarde late Duke of Yorke, calling him
father to the Lozde Pzotectoz, and declared the title of his
heires vnto the Crowne, to whom it was after the death of
King Henrie the first entapled by authozitie of Parliament.
Then shewed he that his verie right heyre of his body law-
fully begotten was onely the Lozde Pzotectoz. For he decla-
red then, that King Edward was neuer lawfully married
unto the Quæne, but was before God, husband vnto Dame
Elizabeth Lucie, and so his children baffardes. And besides
that neither King Edward himselfe, no the Duke of Cla-
rence, among those that were secrete in the housholde, were
reckened verie surely for the children of the noble Duke, as
those that by their fauours moze resembled other knowne
men than him. From whose vertuous conditions he sayde
also that King Edward was farre off. But the Lozde Pzo-
fectoz he sayd, the verie noble Prince, the speciall paterne of
Knightly proues, as well in all Princely behauiour as in
the lineamentes and fauour of his visage, represented the
very face of the noble Duke his father. This is, quoth he,
the fathers owne figure, this is his owne countenaunce, the
verie print of his visage, the sure undoubted Image, the
plaine erpzeelle likenesse of that noble Duke.

Powe was it before deuised, that in the speaking of these
words, the Pzotectoz shoulde have come in among the peo-
ple to the Sermon warde, to the end that those words mee-
ting with his presence, might have bene taken among the
hearers, as though the holy ghost had put them in the pzea-

Cee.h.

chers

810

## Edvard the fifth.

Others mouthe, and shoulde haue moued the people euen there to crie, King Richarde, King Richarde, that it myght haue bæne after sayde, that he was specially chosen by God and in manner by myracle. But this deniſe quayled, er, ther by the P[rot]ecto[rs] negligence or the P[re]achers ouer much diligence. For why the P[rot]ecto[rs] ſounde by the way tarying, leaſt he shoulde p[re]vent those wo[d]es, and the Docto[]r fearing that he shoulde come ere hys Sermon could come to these wo[d]es, haffed his matter thereto, who was come to them, and p[al]ſe them, and entred into other maters ere the P[rot]ecto[rs] came. Whom when he beheld com[ing], he ſo[da]inelp leſte the matter with which he was in hande, and without any deduction therb[]unto, out of al order and out of all frame beganne to repeate those wo[d]es as gayne: this is the very noble P[ri]ince, the speciall patrone of Knightly p[ro]wes, which as well in all P[ri]cely behauiour, as in the liniamentes and ſaunour of his ſiſage, repreſenteth the verie face of the noble Du[ke] of Yorke his father: this is the ſathers owne figure, this is his owne counte naunce, the very p[ri]nt of his ſiſage, the ſure undoubted J[u]lage, the playne erp[re]ſſe l[py]kenesse of the Noble Du[ke], whose remembra[n]ce can neuer dye whyle he liueth. While these wo[d]es were in ſpeaking, the P[rot]ecto[rs] accompanied with the Du[ke] of Buckingham, went through the people into the place where the Docto[rs] commonly stand in the lyper ſto[le], where he ſtode to hearken the Sermon. But the people were so farre from crying King Richarde, that they ſtode as they had bæne turned into ſtones, for wonder of this ſhamefull Sermon.

After which once ended, the P[re]acher gat him home, and neuer after durſt looke out for thame, but kepte hym out of ſight lyke an Dwle. And when he once alked one that had bæne his olde friend what the people talked of him, al were it that hys owne conscience well ſhewed him that they talked no good, yet when the other aunſwered him, that there was in euery mannes mouth ſpoken of hym much thame, it so

P[re]acher.

Henry the eyght.

Henry Merney, Captayne of the Gard, and conuayde to the
Tower of London on the sixtenth of Aprill, before whiche
time, the Dukes Chancellor was taken, which had con-
feffed matter of high Treason concerning the Kings per-
son. There was also attached a Monke of the order of the
Carthusians being of Henton Priory, and John Delaker the
Dukes Confesso: all these were prisoners in the Tower.
Shortly after, the Duke was arraigned at Westminster, the
Duke of Norffolke sitting as chiese Judge. There were
brought forth against him witnesses, Sir Gilbert Perke
his Chancellor, John de la Court his confeffoz, Charles
Kneuet Esquire, and a Monke Prioz of Henton, which had
duers times sayde to the Duke that he should be King of
England. Duers pzesumptions were lapd to him by Charles
Kneuet, which he would fayne haue couered, but in the
ende he was found giltie, and had iudgement to be drawne,
hanged, and quartered, and on the seuententh day of
May, about eleuen of the clocke, the lapd Edward Duke of
Buckingham, Carle of Hereford, Stafford, and Northampton,
was beheaded on the Tower hill, and his body burped
in the Friers Angustines Church: such is the ende of am-
bition, the credite of false prophecies, and of euill life.

This Duke had begonne a great and sumptuous buil-
ding at his Manour of Thornebury, but left the same onfini-
shed. He made a faire Parke hard by the same building,
foz the which, he toke in much faire and fruitefull ground.
Allo, another Parke at East wood, one mile off, he enlarged
at two times, to the compas of lile miles, foz the whiche
dœde, and suche like, he had many a curle of the poze te-
nants.

The seconde dave of Anguff, Cardinall Wolsey pasled
ouer from Doner to Caleis, to treate a peace betwirte the
French King, and the Emperour, and returned agayne fo
Caleis in the latter end of November, and from thence toke
his journey to Blechingly, where the King welcomed him,
and gave him thankes fo his great paynes.

King

Duke of Buc-
kingham be-
headed.

John Leyland.

Thomas
V Wolsey Car-
dinall vvent
Emballador.

Henry the eyght.

King Henry wrote a Boke against Luther in Germany, and therefore the Bishop of Rome, Leo the Tenth, named him defender of the faith, to which Boke, Luther answered very sharply, nothing sparing his authority or maieustie.

This year was a pestilence in this land, especially at London, and a dearth of Corn, for wheate was at London sold for twenty Shillings the quarter.

John Britaine merchát Taylor: Th. Pargiter, the 28. of Sep.
Sir John Milborne Draper, the 28. of October.

This Sir John Milborne builded certayne almes holes adiopning to the Crossed Friers in London, wherein he placed thirtene aged poze people, who have their dwelling rentfrée, and two Shillings fire pence the pace of the firste day of every moneth for ever.

The sixth of March, the French King attached all Englishmens goodes at Burdeaux, and deteyned the Kings tribute, and the French Quænes doler. Also, all Frenchmens bodies and goodes were attached at London.

This year betwene Easter and Michaelmas, was made a general proscription of all the Realme of Englande.

The twentith of May, Cardinal Wolsey rode through London to Douer, there to meet with the Emperour, being accompanied with two Earles, fire and thirtie knightes, an hundred Gentlemen, eyght Bishops, tenne Abbots, thirtie Chapleins, all in Uelvet & Satten, and 700. women.

Charles the fifth, Emperour, came into England, and was honourably recepued into London by the Daioz, Aldermen, and Commons of the City the sixth of June, the King accompanying him: rj. Pageants were made in the City, and the Cross of Cheape new gilt. From thence, he wente to Windføre, and sate in the Stall of the Garter. After great feales, iustes, and honourable entertainement, he departed to Hampton, and sapped from thence into Spayne.

During this time, the Earle of Surrey Lord Admirall, hzient Morles in Briteine, and then returned: not long after, he palled ouer to Caleis, entred Picardy, and hzente diuers

Townes

King Henry
vrote againke
Luther,

Pestilence.

Sherifes. ~
Maior. ~

Frenchmen at-
cached,

1522

Anno reg. 14.
Cardinal
V. Wolsey.

The Emperour
came to Lon-
don.

Henry the eyght.

Townes and Caffels. He besfeged Hesding, but because
Winter was nere, he rayed his Séege, and returned.

The Duke of Albany in Scotland began to enter this land
with a great Armie, but hearing that the Earle of Shrewsbury
was comming, he toke a truce for fire monethes.

John Skelton.

John Rudstone: John Champneis, the 28. of September.

Sherifes.

Sir John Mundy Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

Maior.

John Champneis was Secretarie of the Counter.

The Lord Rosse, and Lord Dacres of the North, burned
the Towne of Kelfey in Scotland, with four scoze Villages,
and ouerthrew eyghteene Towers of stone.

The Emperour Charles, King Henry, and Ferdinando
Duke of Austrige, the Pope, the Citie of Venice, and diuers
other in Italy, were confederate against the Frenchmen.

The Turkes besfeged the Isle of Rhodes, and on Christmas
day toke it, to the great chame and rebuke of all Christendom.

The Turkes
took the
Rhodes.

The twentith of Febzuarie, the Lady Alice Hungerford a Knightes wife, for murthering his husband, was ledde from the Tower of London to Holburne, and there put in a Cart with one of his seruants, and so caried to Tiburne, and both hanged: the was buryed in þ grey Friers Church at London.

Register of the
grey friers.
Lady Hunger-
ford hanged.

The Earle of Surrey burned rrrby. Villages in Scotland,
dispoyled the Countrep from þ Caff marches to the West,
and ouerthrew diuers holdes.

Sir Henry Marney was created Baron Marney at Richmond.

The fiftenth of Apzill began a Parliament at the Blacke
Friers in London, and on the nine and twentith of Apzill,
the Cardinall, with diuers Lozds spirituall and temporal,
declared in the common house, that for diuers causes the
King required a Subsidie of 800000. pound, to be repyed on
godes and Lands, foure tillings of euery pound, against
the which demand, many obiections wer made by the com-
mons, one was, that the King had already by way of loane

two

1523

Parliament at
the blackfriers.

Anno reg. 15.
A great subsidy.

932

Henry the eyght.

two chillings of the pound, which was 400000, pound,
and now to demaund four chillings the pound, it should be
mount in the whole to 1200000, pound, and the third part
of euery man's godes, whiche in coyne coulde not be had
within the Realme etc. Among other arguments for the
King, it was sayde, that there were in England more than
40000, parishes, and if euery parish should pay suche a
summe as was there named, it could be no great matter.
But it was by the Commons answered and proued, that
there was not in England thirtene thousand parishes. After
long debating, the Commons granted two chillings of the
pound of euery man's godes and lands that were worth
twentie pound, or might dispend twentie pound by peare,
and so vpward, and from foztie chillings to twentie pound,
twelve pence of the pound, and under foztie chillings of
euery head firtene peares and vpward four pence to be paid
in two peares. This Parliament the rrf. of May was ad-
tourned to Westminster among the blacke Monkes, and en-
ded in the Kings Palace at Westminster the fourteenth of
August, at nine of the clocke in the night.

There vvas not
then 10000-pa-
riches in Eng-
land as I haue
proued by
search of Re-
cords.

Christerne King of Denmark, and his Quene, arri-
uing at the Downes besides Douer the 13. of June, came to
London on the rrf. of June, and were lodged in the Bishop
of Bathe's place. The sixth of July, they returned againe to
Caleis.

The K. and Qu.
of Denmark
arriued in Eng-
land.

The Duke of Suffolke with many other Lords & Knights
were sent into France with an army of 10000 men, who pal-
sing by water of Some without battaple, took duers townes
and Castels, destroying the Countrey before them.

Sherifes.

Michael English: Nicholas Iennings, the 28. of Septemb.

Maior elected.

George Monex was chosen Maior, but would not take
it upon him, wherefore he was condemned in a thouande
Parke for a fine, in discharge whereof, he gave unto the
Citie a water Mill by the Horse Downe in Southwark, to
grind the cornne for the Bridgehouse.

Maior.

Sir Thomas Baldrie Mercer, the 28. of October.

This

Henrie the eyght.

This peare, the Rippiers of Rye and other places, solde their fresh fish in Leaden hall Market at London.

In December, at the City of Coventry, Francis Philip, Schollemayffer to the Kings Henrmen, Christopher Pic-kering Clearke of the Kings Larder, and Anthony Man-ville Gentleman, intended to haue taken the Kings trea-sure of his Subsiedie, as the Collectors of the same came to forward London, therewith to haue repsed men, and to haue taken the Caffell of Killingworth, and then to haue made battaple agaynste the King, for the whiche, they were drawn, hanged, and quartred at Tiburne the eleuenth of Februarié: the other of their conspiracie were executed at Coventry.

Conspiracy at Coventrie.

The Earle of Surrey hent Iedworth in Scotlande, and toke diners holdes. The Duke of Albany befeeged the Caffell of Warke, and had in a readinette a great Armie to in-ude England, but when he heard the Earle of Surrey was comming, he fledde into Scotland.

The five and twentith of May, deceafled Sir Thomas Louell, Knight of the Carter, at Endfield, and the same mo-neth deceafled Thomas Lord Howard, Duke of Norffolke.

The Souldiers of Guisnes toke a great boytie at a faire in the Towne of Morguifon, and Sir Robert Iernegan wypht cerfayne dimilances of Caleis, toke diners French priso-ners.

The first of September, Doctour Hanyball, Payffer of the Rolles, was recepued into London as Embaffadour from Clement the Seauenth Dope, whiche brought with him a Rose of Gold for a token to the King, which was presented to him at Windfere. This Tree was forged of fine Golde, and wrought with branches, leaes, and flowers, resem-bling Roses, set in a potte of Golde, which potte had threé keete of Antike fashion, of measure halfe a pinte. In the vp-permott Rose was a faire Saphire leape pearced the big-nesse of an Acorne. The Tree was of height halfe an En-glish yard, and in bzeadth a kwote.

A golden Rose, fent frô Rome, E. Hall.

Ralph.

934

Sherifes.
Maior.

A policie of
Cardinall
V Wolsey, that
in the end tur-
ned against
Himselfe.

The Duke of
Burbon Champ
pion for the K.
of England a
gainst the King
of France.

Sir John Ruffell.

Henry the eyght.

Ralph Dodmer: William Roche, the 28.of September.
Sir William Bayly Draper, the 28.of October.

It chanced in the yeare passed, a grudge to beake out
betwene the French King, and the Duke of Burbon, in so
much, that the Duke for the safegard of his life, fledde out
of the French Kings Dominions, whereof the Cardinal
Wolsey hauing intelligence, compızed in his head, that
the King our soueraigne Lord could obteyne him to be his
Generall in the warre against the French King, and confu-
dering further that the Duke of Burbon was fledde unto the
Emperour to inuite him to a like purpose, whereof he ha-
uing this imagination in his head, thought it god to move
the King in the matter, and after the King was once ad-
tertised houreof, and conceyuing the Cardinals invention,
at last it came to a consultation among the Counsell, so that
it was concluded that an Embassade should be sente to the
Emperour about the matter, with whome he was, that the
King and the Emperour should iopne in those warres a
gainst the French King, and that the Duke of Burbon should
be our Kings Champion and Generall in the field, who
had a great number of god Souldiours, over and befoes
the Emperours armie, which was not small: and that the
King should pay unto the Duke monethly wages, both for
himselfe, and his retinue, in so much, as Sir John Ruffell
lap continually beyond the seas in a secret place, both to
receyue money of the King, and to pay the same monethly
to the Duke, so that the Duke began the warres with the
French King in his owne territoie and Dukedome, which
the King had confisked in his owne hands, being not per-
fectly knowne unto the Dukes enimies that he had any
ayde out of England, and thus he wonqht the French King
much displeasure, in so much, as the French King was con-
kreyned to prepare a puissant Armie, and in his owne per-
son to resist the Dukes power, and with force the King
droue him to take Pauy, a strong Towne in Italy, with his
holt, for their securitie, whereas the King encamped hym
wonde-

1525

Henry the eight.

and other necessaries, the Souldyours and Captaynes
beganne to grudge and mutter, and at last, for lacke of
viduals, were like all to perish. The Souldyours being in
this extremitie, came before their Captaine & Duke of Bur-
bon, and sayd, Sir, we must be of very force and necessitie
confreyned to yelde us vp to our enimies, and better it
were for us so to do, than to sterve lyke Dogges. When
the Duke saw their extremitie, he sayde unto them with
wyeping eyes, Sirs (quoth he) yee are both valiant men,
and of noble heartes, who have served me here right woz-
thelie, and for your necessitie (whereof I am participant)
I doe not a little lament: but I shall desire you, as you are
noble in heart and courage, so to take patience for a day
or two wayne, and if succour come not then from the King of
England, as I doubt nothing that he will deceyue us, I
will well agree that we shall all put ourselues and our
lines vnto the mercie of our Lozde, wherewith they were
all agreeable: and tarrying the comming of the Kings mo-
ney vntill the tearme of two dayes were past, the Duke
fixing no remedie, called his noble Captaynes and Soul-
dyours before him, and weeping sayde: Pè noble men
and Captaynes, I see no remedie in thys necessitie, but
eyther we must yelde us vnto our enimies, or else fa-
mishe, and to yelde the Towne and our selues, I know
not the mercie of our enimies, as for my parte, I paffe
not for their cruelties, for I knowe very well that I
shall suffer death most cruelly if I come in their hands,
it is not for my selfe therefore that I doe lament, but
it is for youres fakes, it is for youres lives, and safegard
of youres persons, for so that yee might escape the danger
of ourselues hands, I woulde most gladly suffer
death, therefore good companyons, and most noble Soul-
dyours, I shall require you all to consider the daunger-
ous miserie and calamitie that wee stande in, to fall out
with most dearely, rather than to be murthered lyke
Bealts.

Bealts.

Henry the eyght.

Beateles: if yee wyll bée agreeable, wée wyll take upon
vs thys nighte to gyue oure Enimes an affaulte, and
by that meanes wée maye eyther escape, or else gyue
them an ouerthzowe, and thus it were better to die
in the Fielde lyke men, than lyue prizoners in captiui-
tie and miserie, to the whiche they all agræd, then
quoth the Duke, yee perceypue that our enimies Campe
is strong, and that there is no waye to enter oppon
them but one, and that is so planted wyth Ordinance
and strength of men, that it is not possible to atteyne
to sure Enimies that wayes to fighte wyth them in
Campe. And also, nowe of late you perceypue they
haue hadde but small doubt of vs, in so muche that
they haue kepte but verye slender watche, thereforze,
my deuice shall bée thus: There shall issue out of the
Towne aboute the dead of the nighte from vs a num-
ber of you that bée of the most deluyuerest to affaulte
theyz Campe, and they shall gyue the affaulte righte
secretly, euen directly agaynste the place of the entrie
whyche is very strong and inuincible, youre fierce and
valiant affaulte shall be to them of the Campe so doubt-
full, that they will turne their strength of the entrie
that lyeth ouer agaynste your affaulte, to beate you from
youre purpose, then will I issue out of the pofterne, and
come to the place of theyz strength newly turned, and
there or they be ware will I enter, and fight with them
in theyz Camp, and winne their Ordinance whiche they
haue newly burned, and beate them wyth theyz owne
pæces, and then pleased them wonderous well. Then
prepared they all that dave for the purposed deuise,
and kepte them secret and close without anye noyse, or
chotte off pæces within the Towne, whyche gaue
theyz Enimies the lesse keare of the affaulte, but
at nyghte wente to theyz Tentes, and cowched qui-
stelye, nothying miskruiting that afterwarde immediately

Ann. y. happened

938

Henry the eyght.

happened vnto them. When the tymc came that all men
were at rell, the affaylants issued out of the Towne, and
there according to their appoyntment, they gaue so cruell
and fierce affault, that they in the Camp had as much to do
as was possible to resift them: and euen as the Duke be-
clared befoze to his Souldiours, they within were compel-
led to turne their shotte that lay at the entrie, against the
affaylants. With that issued the Duke, and with him about
fiftèene or sixtène thousand men, or moze, secretly in the
night, his enimies being not priute of his comming, untill
he was enfred the fielde, and at his entrie, he troke all the
Ordinance that lay there, and few the Gunners, then he
charged the pèces against his enimies, and fewe them
wonderfully, he cutte downe the Tentes and Panilions,
and murthered many within them, ere they were ware of
his comming, so that he wanne the field or euer the King
could arise to the rescue, in so much as the King was taken
in hys lodging or euer he were harnelled, his Tentes were
robbed and spoyled which were wonderous rich: and in the
spoyle and search of the Kings coffers, the Duke of Burbo
found the league under the great Seale of England, newly
made betwèene the King of England, and the French King,
which once percepued by him, began to smell the imped-
iment of his monep which should haue come vnto him from
the King, hauing vpon due search intelligence that all the
matter was deuised by the Cardinall of England. The
Duke concepued luche an indignation hère evpon agaynst
the Cardinall, that incontinente hee wente vnto Rome,
and there intended to sacke the Towne, and to haue
taken the Pope, where at the firſt affaulte of the walles,
the Duke was the firſt man that was slayne, pet notwith-
ſtanding, hys Captaynes continued their affaulte, and
at the laſt wanne the Towne, and the Pope fled
vnto Castell Saint Angell, where hee continued long in
calamitie. All this notwithstanding, which pèce haue heare,
where

French King
saken.

Rome facked,
the people fled.

Henry the eyght.

When newes was brought into England of the taking of the French King, great triumph was made for the success of the ninth of March.

About such time as Cardinall Wolsey was determined to erect his new Colledges in Oxford and Ipswich, he obtained licence and authority of Pope Clement the seauenth, to supply the about the number of such Monasteries of good fame, and bountifull hospitalitie, wherein the King being with all his doings, neither Bishop, nor temporal or temporal in this Realme durst lay any word to the contrarie.

Cardinall
V Wolsey sup-
preſeth Pri-
ries to build his
Colledges in
Oxford and in
Ipswich.

In the executing of this business, five persons were his chiefest instruments, who on a time made a demaunde to the Prior and Couent of the Monasterie of Daintrie, for occuping of certaine of their groundes, but the Monkes refusing to satisfie their requestes, he picked a quarrell againste the house, and gave information to the Cardinall againste them, who taking a small occasion, commaunded the house to be dissolved, and to be converted to his new Colledge, but of his irreligious behaviour, done of no conscience, but to patch up pride, which he private wealth could not furnish, what punishment hath since ensued at God's hande (layeth myne Authour) partly our felues have laine, for of those laye persons, two fell at discoarde betwene themselves, and the one laye the other, for the which, the Prior was hanged: the thirde drowned himselfe in a well: the fourth beeing well knowne, and valued worth two hundreth pounde, became in three yeares so poore, that hee begged to have dying day: and the fifth called Doctor Allane, beryng chiese executour of these doyngs, was cruelly maymed in Irelande, even at suche time as hee was a Bishop: the Cardinall falling after into the Kings græuous displeasure, was deposed, and dyed miserably: the Colledges which hee meante to have made so glorious a building, came neuer to good effect: and Pope Clement himself, Ann. ity. selfe,

Henrie the eyght.

selse, by whose authoritie, these houses were thynowe
downe to the ground, was after enclosed in a dangerous
sège within the Cattell of Saint Angell in Rome by the Em-
perialles, the Citie of Rome was pitifully sacked, and him-
selse narrowly escaped with his life.

The Tower at Greenwich was this yeare built.

Creations at Bridewell. On the epighteenth of June,
Henry Fitz Roy, which King Henry the eyght had by Eli-
zabeth, daughter to Sir John Blunt Knight, was created
Earle of Notingham, Duke of Richmond and Somerset, Lieute-
nant Generall from Trent Northwards, Warden of the
Cait, middle, and West marches, forre aneint Scotland,
Henry Earle of Devonshire, was created Marquesse of Exce-
ter. Henry Earle of Lincoln, Thomas Earle of Rutland,
Henry Earle of Cumberland, were likewise created. Robert
Ratcliffe Lord Fitzwater, createdvicar of Egrebury, Thom-
mas Rolleyn Knight, Treasurer of the Kings house, was
treated vicar of Rochford.

Great murmuring was in all partes of the Realme for
payment of money, and Suffolk men to the number of four
thousand, rose in a tumult, agapnte whome, was sente the
Duke of Norffolke, and other commissioners, by whose wile
dome they were appeased, and diuers executed.

John Caunton: Chriftopher Askew, the 28. of Septemb.
Sir John Allen Mercer, the 28. of October.

The eleuenth of February, four Merchants of Stihard
did penance at Pawles Crosse, and an Anguiline Frier,
called Doctor Barnes, bare a Fagot: there was present the
Lord Cardinal, with eleven Bishops, John Fisber, Bishop
of Rochester made the Sermon, which was against Martine
Luther of Germany, and his doctrine.

A truce was taken betwene Englande and France for a
certayne space, and Embassadozs were sent into Denmark,
for reftozing of their King, but the Danes woulde graunte
nothing thereunto, they did so deadly hate hym for his
crueltie.

Greenevvich
toyver built.

Creations, at
Bridewell.

Sherifes.
Maior.

1526

The

Henry the eyght.

941

The vrbiiy. of Aprill, came to the Court to Greenewiche
Mounfire Briond, President of Roane, and Iohn Iokin, which
President, before the King and his Nobles, made in the
Latin tongue a solemnne Oration, the effect whereof was,
how dreadfully the warres had bin betweene the Realme of
England and France. He declared further of what power the
King of Englande was, and what conquest he might haue
made in France, the French King being prisoner, whereof
he humbly thanked him of his pitie and compassion that he
had on them in their necessitie, that he would consente to
peace: to the which Oration, Sir Thomas Moore, Chancel-
lour of the Duchy of Lancaster, made answere, saying: that
it much reioyced the King, that they first considered, how by
his power he might haue oppressed, and how by his pi-
tie he had released them, whereof he would here after,
that for kindnesse they should得e hym none unkind-
nesse, but innoially kæpe that league which was concluded.

Annoreg. 18
Peace vith
France.

In the month of May, was proclamation made againſt
all unlawfull games, and commissions awarded into eu-
rie Shire, for the execution of the same, ſo that in all places,
Tables, Dice, Cards, and Bowles, were taken and hzent,
but when yong men were reſtrepned of these games and
paltimes, ſome fell to drinking, ſome to ferretting of other
mens Conpes, and kealing of Deare in Parkes, and other
unthriftinesſe.

Proclamation
againſt unlawful
games.

The sixth of September, was proclamation for Golde, Gold enhanced
the French Crowne foundillings fire pence, the Angelet
ſeauen ſhillings and fire pence, the Kall of the King.

Gold enhanced

Stephen Peacocke: Nicholas Lambart, the 28. of Sept.
Sir Thomas Semer Mercer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maior. ?

In the monethes of November, December, and Janua-
rie, ſell ſuch rayne, that thereof enfued great ſluddes, which
destroyde Cozne-Kieſds, Paſſures, and Beates, then was
it die till the twelfth of Aprill, and from that time it rayned
every day and night till the third of June, whereby Cozne
kayled soze in the yeare following.

Great raynes'
and land vva-
ters.

Ann. iif.

After

942

1527

Annoreg.19.

Cardinall sent
Embassador in-
to France.

Henry the eyght.

After the delivTerie of the French King out of the Em-
perours bondage, and his Sonnes recevued in hostage for
the Emperours and the King of England's securitie, of all
such demaundes and requestes as should be demaunded of
the French King. The Cardinall Wolsey lamenting the
French Kings calamitie, and the Popes great aduerstie,
who yet remayned in the Castell Angell, travelled all that
he could with the King and his Counsell, to take some or-
der for the quietnesse of them both. At last, it was thought
good that the sayde Cardinall shoulde take vppon him the
Kings commission, to trauell beyond the seas in this mat-
ter, and by his witte, to compasse a perfect peace among
those potentates: wherevpon, he was commanded to pre-
pare himselse to this journey, which he took vpon him. He
had with him the Earle of Darby: the Bishop of London
Lord prieute seale: Sir Henry Gilfort, Knight of the Carter,
comptroller of the Kings house: the Lord Sands, Knight of
the Carter, Lord Chamberlayne of the Kings house: Docto-
raz Taylor, Maister of the Rolles: Sir Thomas Moore,
Knight, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster: the Bishop
of Denelin: the Lord Mountegle: the Lord Harrenden: Sir
John Dudley Knight: Maister Ratcliffe: Maister Willowby:
Maister Parker: Maister Sturton: Ticounts and Barons
Sonnes and heires, Sir Francis Brian, Sir Edward Semer,
Sir Robert Gernigam, Doctoz Stephen Gardener Secreta-
rie, Doctoz Peter Vannes Secretarie: Of the prieie Cham-
ber, Maister Hennege, Maister Arundell, Maister Knevet,
Maister Alford: Philitions, Doctoz Frances, Doctoz Smith:
Gentlemen Ushers of the prieie Chamber, Maister Wal-
graue, Maister Elles, Sir Thomas Denis high Chamberlen,
Maister Sentclere Uizchamberlaine: Gentlemen Ushers,
D. Wentworth, D. Hansard, D. Pemercy, D. Constable, D.
Werren: Of household, D. Cade Steward, of Wil. Gafcoigne
Treasurer, D. Goftike Comptroller, D. Broughton Hay-
fer of the Ho扎e, Doctoz Allen, Doctoz Benet, Doctoz Duke,
Deane of the Chapell, Doctoz Capo Almoner, of Archdeacot

Henrie the eyght.

of Canterbury, the Archedeacon of Carleile; for John Sent-Iohn,
for Richard Sands Knights, &c. in al fo þ number of 900, hoz-
les. Then marched he forwarde from hys owne house at
Westminster, throughe London ouer London bridge, hauing be-
foze hym all the Gentlemen, thre in a ranche in Veluet
Coates, and the moke of them greate chaines of Golde a-
boute their neckes, and all hys People men followed hym
with Noblemens and Gentlemens seruants, al in Denge
tawnep Coates, with the Cardinalles Hat, and a T.C. fo2
Thomas Cardinall embzodered upon all the Coates, as well
of hys owne seruants, as of al the rest of Gentlemens ser-
uantes: and hys Sumpter Mules whyche were twentie
or more, with all his cartage of Cartes, and other of hys
traine, were paſſed before. He rode like a Cardinall verpe
sumptuouse on hys Mule, wyth his ſpare Mule and ſpare
hoſſe trapped in Crimofin Veluet upon veluet, and Cirrops
guilt following him: And before hym he had his two great
Crosses of Siluer, his two great Pilfers of Siluer, the Kings
bzoade Heale of Englande, and hys Cardinals Hat, and a
Gentlemanne carrying hys Valence, otherwise called his
Cloake-bagge, whyche was made of fine Scarlet altogy-
ther embzodered very richly with Golde, hauing in it a
cloake. Thus paſſed he forſth throughe London, and all the
waye euerye daye in his tourney he was thus furnished, ha-
uing hys Harbengers in euerye place before, whych prepa-
red lodging for hys traine.

The first tourney that he made, was two myles beyond
Dertford in Kent, into St. Thomas Wiltshires house, and the
rest of hys traine were lodged in Dertford, and in the coun-
trep there aboutes. The nerte dave he marched to Roche-
ſter, where he was lodged in the Bychoppes Pallaice, and
the rest of his traine in the Citie & in Strowde. The third day
he rode to Feuerham, and there was lodged in the Abbey, of
his traine in the towne there, and some in the Countryp
there aboutes. The fourth dave he rode to Caunterburie,
where he encomtred wyth the worchipfull of the town and

The pompous
ryding of the
Cardinal.

Ann.b.

COUNT

Henrie the eyght.

Country, and lodged in the Prioreie of Christchurch, and all
hys traine in the Citie, where he continued threedaayas, in
whiche season there was a greate sayce in the Towne, by
reason it was the feast of Thomas of Canterbury. At whych
dape there was a solempne Procession, wherein the Cardinal
then went apparelled in hys Legantine Ornamentes,
with hys Hat on his heade, who commanded the Monks
and the Quære to sing the Letany after this softe, Santa
Maria, ora pro Papa nostra Clemente, the Cardinall kneling
at a Stole before the Quære doze all the while the Monks
and their Quære knode in the body of the church singing the
Letany.

The cleauenth of July the Cardinall arrived at
Calleis, who was received with all the Officers and Coun-
sell of the Towne, the Maior of the Towne, and the Mayor
of the Staple in Procession, and in the Lanterne Gate, he
knelted and made his prayers: that done, they passed on be-
fore they came to Saint Maries Church, from whence
he repapzed with a greate number of Noblemen and Gent-
tlemen, being Dæzes of the Towne unto a place called the
Checker, where he was lodged, and kepte his house as long
as he abode in the Towne. When all his traine and carre-
age was landed, and euery thing prepared for his journey,
he called all hys Noblemen & Gentlemen, beþng seruants
unto him into hys priuie Chamber, where they being al ab-
sembled before hym he sayde: I haue called you hither to
the intent to declare unto you, that I consider the ductie
you beare me, and the good will that I semblably beare to
you, fæing your intendment to further the authority of
I haue by Commission, whiche your diligent seruice I will
remember hereafter, and therefore I meane to declare the
same directly to the King. Secondly, to the we you the
nature of the Frenche men: And thirdly, to inſtruct you
howe and with what reverence pæ shall be me for the
honor of the Kings Maiestie, and then to enſoize you
hewe

Henry the eygt.

howe ye shall entertaine and accompanye the Frenche men
when ye shall mète at anye time.

The first poynt ye shall vnderstand, that the Kings Pa-
iestie soz certaine waightie affaires, of his Graces hathe soz
moze aduancement of his royall dignitie assignede me to
be in this ioznep his lieutenant, and what reverence be-
longeth to the same I will tell you, soz my parte I muske
by vertue of my Commission and Licuetenantship allume
and take oppon me to be esteemed in all honoz and degrees
of seruice, as to his Highnesse presence is mète and due, and
that by me nothving to be neglected, that to hys royall e-
strate is due and appertinent. And soz my parte ye shall
sée me, that I will not omit one iote thereof. Therefore by-
cause that ye thal not be ignozant of your dutie in this case,
as one of the chieſe cauſes of this youre assemblie, willing
you as you will haue my favour, and also charge you in the
Kings name, that ye doe not forget the fame in time and
place, but that euerpe one of you do obſerue your dueſtyn-
to me accordingly as ye wil at ponsr return auoide the kings
indignation, soz obtaine and deferue hys highnesſe thankes,
the whiche I will ſette forth, as eache of you shall deferue.
I pove to the ſeconde point, the nature of the Frenche men
is ſuche, that at the firſte mèting they will be as familiar
with you as they had bin acquainted wyth you long before,
and commune with you in their Frenche tongue, as though
ye vnderſtode euerpe word, thereſoze vſe them in like ma-
ner, and be as familiar with them as they be wyth you. If
they ſpeake in their natural tongue, ſpeake you agayne
vnto them in the Engliſhe tongue: For, if you vnder-
ſtande not them, no moze shall they vnderſtande you :
and ſpeakyng merilſe to one of the Gentlemenne there,
being a Welche manne, ſayde, Rice (quoth hee) ſpeake
you Welche to them: I doubt not but that thy ſpeache
shall be moze deſuse to hym, than hys Frenche thal be to
thée.

And thus quoth he againe to them all, lette all youre
entertaine.

Henrie the eyght.

entertainement and behanioz be according to the order of
all gentlenesse and humilitie, that it may be repozted after
your departure from thence, that ye be Gentlemen of right
good behauïour, and of muche gentlenesse, and that ye are
men, who knowe your dueties to your Soueraigne Lord,
and to your Maister, estëming muche youre greate reue-
rence. Thus shall ye not onelpe obtaine to youre selues
greate commendation and prieise for the same, but also ad-
vaunce the honoz of your Prince and Countrep: Asowe go
your wayes, being admonithed of al these pointes, and prie-
pare your selues againste to mozrowe, for then we intende
(God willing) to set forwarde. The nerte mozrowe, bée-
ing Mary Magdalens day, all thyngs bæing furnished, the
Cardinal advanced out of Calleis, wyth suche a number of
blacke Veluet Coates, as hath bæne seldome fène with an
Emballadoz, al the Pères of Calleis and Guifnes, with al
other Gentlemen besides his traine, bæyng garnished in
blacke Veluet Coates and Chaines of Golde. Thus paſ-
sed hee forwarde wyth his traine of Gentlemen before him
therein a rancke, which by supposall endured the quarters
of a myle or more in length, haupng his Crosses and all o-
ther his accustomed and glozious furniture carried before
him, as I haue before rehearsed, ercepte the bzoade Seale,
the whyche he lefte in Calleis wyth Doctor Tavour, then
Maister of the Rolles, until his returne. Paſing thus on
hys way, and being scantly rydden a myle, it beganne to
raine so behemently, as lightly had not bæne fène the like,
whyche endured until they came to Boloingne, and ere they
came to Sandingfielde, the Cardinal of Loraine, a godly yong
Gentleman, encountered the Cardinall of Englande, and re-
cepued him with great iop and reverence, and so palled forth
wyth the Cardinal in communication until they came nigh
unto the saide Sandingfielde, whych was a place of Religion,
standing betwene the Englishe-Frenche, and the Emperours
dominions, bæyng a Jewter, holding of neپther of them.
There alwayted for him Le Countie Brian, Capitaine of Py-
cardie,

cardie,

Henrie the eyght.

eardie, with a great number of Stradiates oz Albenois, kan-
dyng in arrape in a greate piece of gréne Oates, all in har-
nelle upon high hozles, pafting on with the Cardinall in a
wing vnto Bolongne, and so after throughe Picardie: so the
Cardinal doubted somewhat the Emperour, that he should
lap some ambush to betray hym, so whyche cause the French
Lyng commaunded them to attende vpon hym so the as-
furaunce of his person. Thus rode he vntil he came with-
in one Englische mple of Bolongne, where encountréd hym the
Wozchipfull Citizens of the Towne of Bolongne, hauing a
learned man that made vnto hym an Dization in Latine,
vnto the whyche the Cardinall semblably made answere:
And that done, Monsieur de Bees Capitaine of Bolongne with
the retinue there of Gentlemen, mette wyth him on hozse-
backe, and then with al this assemblie he rode into the town
lighting at the Abbey gate, and from thence conueped wyth
Proceстion into the Abbey Churche there offered, then
went he into the Abbep to hys lodging, and all his traine
were lodged in the high and base townes. The next moz-
ning after, hée rode to Mutterell Ser Lemere, where he was in
like cafe encountréd with the Wozchipful of the Towne al
in one Lyuerie, hauing a learned man to make an Dization
vnto the in Latine, whome he answered also again in La-
tine. And as he entred in at the Gates, there was a Ca-
napie made readie of silke, embroidered with letters & Hat
euen as his men had on their Coates, and when that he
was lighted, his fotemen had the same as a Fée due to the
office. Powe was there made dyuers Pageants so the toy
of his comming, who was called in the Frenche tong there,
and in al other places throughe the Realme where he rode
oz came, Le Cardinall Pacifique. The nerte dave hée toke
hys iourny towardes Abvile, where hée was encountréd
Wyth diners Gentlemen of the Towne and Countrey, and
so recevued into the towne with Pageants, as he rode tho-
rough the towne, hauing a lyke Canapie bozne ouer him,
but more richer, and so broughte to hys lodging in thys
Toww

Toww

948

Henrie the eyght.

Towne, he remeptyed more than eyght daies, where refor-
ted to him daply diuers of the Frenche Kings Counsell fit-
ting with him in counsell euerpe dave, and continually fea-
ting him and other. When the time came of hys depar-
ting out of the Towne, he rode to the Caffell beponde the
water of Some, called Le Chanel de Picqiny adiopning to the
saide watch upon a Rocke, wythin the whyche there was a
Colledge of Princes, the situation wherof was much like
unto the Caffel of Windfore, and there he was receinted with
solempne Pzoceffion, and lodged that nighe. The nerte
mozing the Cardinall rode towarde Amiens, and pafling
on his way, he was encountréd with noble personages, who
made to him diuers Dzations, whiche he answered extem-
pore. Afterwarde the Frenche King with a godly company
mette with the Cardinal, embzaced eche other: The pteace
was so thicke, that diuers had their legs hurt with hoelles.
Then the King and the Cardinall on his right hande rode
fozth towardes Amiens, euery Englishe Gentleman accom-
panped with an other of Fraunce. The traine of these two
Princes endured two long Englishe myles, they were no-
bly recepyed into the Towne of Amiens with shot of Guns
and coftly Pageants, vntil the King had brought the Cardi-
nall to his lodging, and then departed fo: that nighe, the
King being lodged in the Wispoppes Pallaice. The next
dave after dinner the Cardinal rode to the Courte to the
King, at whiche time the King kepte his bedde: yet nevert
thelelle, the Cardinall came into his bed-chamber, where,
on the one side of the bed sate the Kings mother, and on the
other side the Cardinal of Loraine, accompanied with diuers
other Noblemen of Fraunce, and after a thozte communica-
tion, and drinking of a cuppe of Waine, he departed to hys
owne lodging. Thus continued the Cardinall and the king
in Amiens, the space of a fortnight and more, consulting and
feasting eche other dyuers tymes. Then the King and the
Cardinall remoued to a Citie called Champaine, whych was
more than xx. English myles from Amiens, they were both
lodged

Henricus eygthe.

Lodged in the great cassetel of þ town, wherof þ Cardinal had
the one halfe assigned him for his lodging, & the king the o-
ther halfe. And likewise they divided a long Gallerie be-
twén the, where was made in the midde a strong wal, with
a window & a doze. The King & the Cardinal would many
times meete at the same window & talke: and diuers times
they woulde goe into the other at the said doze. Then came
there to my lord Cardinal & Lord Chanceloz of France, with
al the kings counsellers, where they took great paines day-
ly in consultation, insomuch that & Cardinall of England fel
out with the Chanceloz of France, laying to his charge, that
he went about to hinder the league whyche before his com-
ming was concluded, insomuch, that Madam Regenthir self
& many Nobles of France, with much labor & travel could be
scarcely bring the Cardinal to his former state of communi-
cation, he was in fuche a wzoth against the Chanceloz : by
these meanes, he brought other things to passe, that before
he could not attaine, whiche was moze for seare than for a-
ny affection to the matter, he had the heades of the Counsell
so under his gynde. The next morning after this conflict he
rose early about foure of the clocke, and fate him downe to
write letters, into Englande vnto the King, commaunding
one of his Chapleines to prepare hym ready to say Masse,
insomuch, that the Chaplaine knde in his bestures vntill
four of the clocke in the afternoone al which season the Car-
dinal neuer rose to eate or drinke, no or to make water, but
continually wote, and aboute the houre of foure in the af-
ternwone he made an end, commanding Christopher Gun-
ner the Kings seruant, without delay to ride forth into Eng-
lande with those letters, whome he dispatched away or euer
he danke, and then went to Masse, and said his seruice with
his Chapleine, and after went bothe to dinner and supper
all at once.

The next night after the Cardinall made a great Sup-
per for Madam Regent, for the Queene of Navar and other
greate eftates of Ladies and noble women, and at the
middeſt

Henrie the eyght.

middell of the said banquet, the Kings of Fraunce and of N-
MARRE, came sodapnelye in unloked for, and twake their place
in the lowest parte of the banquet. The supper and banquet
being finished, the Ladyes and Gentlemen fell to dauncing,
and so passed awaye the molte of the nighte ere they depart-
ted.

Sho'tely after the King caused a wilde Boze to be lodged
for him in the Foarrel of Champaigne, and thither the Card-
nal rode wyth hym to see hym hunt, where the Lady Regent
with a number of Ladyes and Damoifels were sandying in
Chariots, looking on the tople on the oute side, whyche was
pitched there for that purpose: among whom heode the Car-
dinal to regarde the hunting in Badam Regents Chariot,
and wythin the Toyle was the King with divers minion
Gentlemen of Fraunce readye furnyshed to this highe and
daangerous enteprice of the hunting, the King beyng in his
doublet and hozen all of chappes colour cloth, having in his
lippe a brace of greate white Grephoundes, who were ar-
med as the maner there is: and the refle of the Kings Gen-
tlemen being appoynted to hunte this Boze, were likewife
in their doublets and hose, holdinge eache of them in they
handes verpe churpe Boze-speares. Then the King com-
maunded the Kæpers to vncouche the Boze, and that eue-
rpe person bæing within the Toile should go to a standing,
among whome were dyuers Gentlemen and Peomen of
Englande, and incontinent the Boze issued out of his den,
and followed with an hounde, came into plaine, where he
ing scaled a whyle, and gazing upon the people, and incon-
tinent pierced by the hounde, he spied a lyttle bushe stan-
ding behinde a banke ouer a ditche (vnder the whiche lape
two Frenche Gentlemen) and thither fledde, trusting there
to haue defended himselve, who thust his head snuffing into
the same bushe, whyche caused the two Gentlemen to sive
from thence, as from the danger of death. Then was the
Boze by pursuite of Hunters and the hounde, diuene from
thence, who ranne straighte to one of the Cardinalles fote-

men,

Henrie the eyght.

men, a very fall pong yeoman, who hadde in his handes a
Jaueline, with the whiche he was faine to defende hym self
from the Boze a greate while, the Boze continually fop-
ning at hym with his tuches, so that he was faine at lafte to
pitche his Jaueline in the grounde betwæne him and the
Boze:the whiche the Boze brake with the sozce of hys fop-
ning, and with that the peoman dzew hys twozd, and stode
at defence, and therewith the Hunters came to the rescue,
and putte him once againe to flight, with that he fledde to
an other pong Gentleman of England called Mailfer Henry
Ratcliffe, who was sonne and hepze to the Loode Fitz Wal-
ter, who had borrowed by chance of a Frenche Gentleman a
very fine and sharp Boze speare, where with he throuke the
Boze in the mouth, and so into the thzoate. whereupon the
paltime was ended.

The Cardinall pafting divers dayes in consultation, &
in other matters, erpecting the returne of Christopher Gun-
ner, at the lafte he returned with letters againe, oppon re-
ceite whereof the Cardinall intended to remoue: being then
at Haffe in hys Closet, he consecrated the Chauncelour of
Fraunce Cardinall, and putte oppon hym his Habite, hys
Haffe, and Cap of Scarlet, and then toke hys journey, re-
turning againe into Englande, makyng suche necessary ex-
pedition, that he came to Guifnes, where he was nobly re-
ceyued by the Loode Sandes then Capitaine there, wþth all
the refinue of the same. And from thence he rode to Calleis,
where he tarrped the chipping of his Cluffe, horſes, and
traine. And in the meane time, he established there a Marte
foz all nations. These things and other foz the weale of the
Towne and Garrison by him perfecte, he toke chipping &
arrived at Douer the xxiij. of September, from whence he
rode to the Courte, the King being in hys Progresse at Sr
Henrie Wiats house in Kent, he wente immediately to hym
with whome he hadde long talke], and continued two or
thze dapes there in the Courte, and then retourned to hys
house at Westminister.

Doo.

Suche

952

Scarcytie of
breade.

Henrie the eyght.

Such Scarecitie of bread was in London, and al England, that many dyed for default thereof: the King of his goodnesse sent to the Citie of his own prouission 600. quarters, or else for one wéeke there had bin little breade. The bread cartes comyng from Stratford toward London were met at 3 Myle ond by the Citizens, so that the Haioz and Sheriffes were forced to goe and rescue the same Cartes, and to see them brought to the Markets appointed.

Wheate was then at fiftenehillings the quarter: but shortly after the Merchants of the Stiliarde brought them from Danske suche stowe of Wheate and Rie, that the same was better cheape to be solde in London than in any other part of the Realme besides.

Sherifes.
Maior.

John Hardie: William Hollis the 28.of September.

Sir Iames Spencer, Vintner, the 28.of October.

Cardinal V Volfe in the Starre Chamber declaireth what an honorable peace he hadde concluded,

After the beginning of the Terme, the Cardinall caused to be assembled in the Starre Chamber, all the Poblemen, Judges and Justices of Peace that were in Westminister hall at that time present, and there made so them a longespital, declaring the cause of his Emballade into France, and of his proceedings there: among the whyche he saide he had concluded such an amitie, as neuer was heard in the realm before, as well between the Emperour and vs, as betweene the King our Soueraigne and the Frenche King, with a perpetual peace, the whyche should be confirmed in witting, sealed in fine Golde: affixing further, that the King of Englande should receive yearly his tribute by that name out of the Dutchie of Normandie, wyth all the colles whyche he had suffained in the warres: And also, where there was a restraint made in France of the Frenche Quænes Dowrie, (whome the Duke of Suffolk had married) for divers peres during the wars, it was concluded, that the King should not one-lye receive it againe, but also the arrerages that were before payed.

Henrie the eyght.

paped. This peace thus concluded, there Thoulde be such
an amitie betwene the Gentlemen of eache realme and en-
tercourse of Merchants, that it Thoulde ſieme to al men both
territoies to be but one Monarchie, etc.

The twentith of October were recevued into London certaine Embassadozs oute of Fraunce, aboute eyghe in number, of the molke noble and wortþe Gentlemenne in all Fraunce: they were lodged in the Bishops Ballaice in Paules Churchyard, to whome diners Noblemen resorted, and gaue them dyuers presents, especially the Daioz of the Ciste of London.

Then they resorted unto the Courte, béeing at Greene-
wiche, where they were received by the King. They hadde
Commision to eſtabliffe the King in the order of Fraunce,
foz whome they broughte, foiz that intente, a collar of fine
Golde, with the Michael hanging thereat, and Robes to
the fame order appertenant, the whiche was of blewe Tel-
net richly embɔdered. And the King to gratifie the French
Layng with the ſemblable, he ſent a noble man of the order
here in Englande, with Garter the Harrault into France, to e-
ſtabliffe the Frenche King in the order of the Garter, with
a ſemblable collar, wyth a Garter and Robes accoſdyng to
the fame.

The Embassadozs remayning here until theyz returne,
al things béeing concluded concerning the perpetuall peace
upon ſolempne ceremonies and othes contained in certaint
Inſtruments touching the ſame, whych was confirmed by
recepuing of the Sacrament in Paules Churche of London by
the King, and the Graund Paifter of France, who represen-
ted the King his Paifter, and there the inſtrumentes were
ſealed with Golde, and the King put his hande thereunto,
and the Graund Paifter did the lyke: betwene whome the
Cardinall diuided the Sacrament : And that done, they de-
parted, the King rode wyth the Cardinall to Westminſter,

Doo.ij.

and

Henry the eyght.

and there dyned wyth all the Frenche men, pallyng al the
day after with consultation of waightie matters touchyng
the conclusion of the faide article of the perpetuall peace.

The King then departed againe by water to Greenwich,
at whose departing it was concluded by the Kings device,
that al the Frenche men choulde resofte to Richemonde, and
hunt in euerye one of the Parkes there: and from thence to
Hampton Courte, and there to hunt, and the Cardinall to
make there a Supper of banquet, of both to them. And from
thence they should ryde to Windsor, and there to hunt: And
after to re turne to London, to so to Greenwich, to there to ban-
quet with the King. Then was there made preparation of
all thyngs for this greate assemblye at Hampton Court: the
Cardinall called before him his principal Officers, as Ste-
warde, Treasitzer, Comptroller, and Clearke of his Kite-
chin, to whome he declared his minde, touchyng the enter-
tainment of the Frenche men at Hampton Courte: his pleas-
sure to them knowne, they lent out Caters, Purveyors and
other, the Cokes wroought both night & daye in subtleties,
the Peomen and Crowns of the Wardzobes were bufted in
hanging of the Chambers, and furnishing the same wyth
beds of silke and other furniture: there were prouided 280,
beds furnished with all manner of furniture to them belon-
ging.

The daye was come to the French men alligned, and
they ready assembléd before the houre of their appointmét,
wherefoze the officers caused them to ryde to Hanworth, a
place and a Parke of the Kings wythin threeme ples, there
to hunt & spend the day untill night, at whych time they re-
turned againe to Hampton Courte, & every of them conuey-
ed to theyz seuerall Chambers, hauing in them greate fe-
ers and wine for their comfozte, remayning there until the
Supper was ready. The Chambers where they supped and
banqueted, were ordered in this softe: First, the great way-
ting Chamber was hanged with rich Arras, as none were
better than other, and furnished with fall peomen to serue.

There

Annoreg. 20

Henrie the eyght.

There were sette Tables rounde aboute the Chamber
banquet-wise couered, a Cupboode was there garnished
with whyte siluer Plate, hauing also in the same Cham-
ber to giue the moze light, foure plates of siluer sette with
greate lightes, and a greate fire of wood and coales. The
erte Chamber, being the Chamber of Presence, was han-
ged with verye riche arras, and a sumptuous cloth of effrate
furnished with many godly Gentlemen to serue the Ta-
bles ordered in maner as the other Chamber was, sauing
that the highe Table was remoued beneath the cloth of E-
strate towarde the middeff of the Chamber couered. Then
was there a Cupboode, being in length as broad as the
Chamber, with fire Deeks of haight, garnished wyth guilt
Plate, hauing wyth lightes one payze of Candlestiches of
Syluer and guylte, bæyng curiously wrought, whyche colf-
thye hundred Markes, and fand yng upon the same two
lightes of Wware burning as byg as Torches to set it forth.
This Cupboode was barred rounde aboute, that no manne
coulde come nighe it, for there was none of all this Plate
kouched in this bâquet, for there was sufficient besides. The
Plates that hong on the walles to giue light were of siluer
and guilte, hauing in them great pearchers of Wware bur-
ning, a greate fire in the Chimney, ond all other things ne-
cessary for the furniture of so noble a feasse. Powe was all
things in a readinesse. The Trumpettes were blowne to
warne to supper. The Officers discrætely conducted these
Noblemen from they Chambers into the Chamber where
they shoulde sup, and caused them there to sette downe, and
that done, their seruice came vppe in suche abundance both
cofflype and full of suttleties, and with suche a pleasaunte
nopfe of instruments of Puslike, that the Frenche men (as it
seemed) were rapte into a heauenly Paradice. The Car-
dinall was not yet come, but they were merp and pleasant.
Before the seconde course, the Cardinall came in boted and
spurred, all sodainely amongst them, and bade them Pro-
face, at whose comming there was greate ioy, wyth ryfing

D.iiij.

enereye

956

Henry the eyght.

everye man from his place. The Cardinall caused the to sit
still and kepe their roumes, and beþng in his apparell as
he rode, called soz a chapre and sate in the midst of the highe
Table. Anone came vppe the seconde course, with so many
diches, suttleties, and deuises, aboue a hundzed in number,
whiche were of so godly propoſtion and costly, that I think
the French men neuer sawe the like, the wonder was no lesse
than it was wort hy indæde. There were Cassetels wyth J-
mages, in the same Paules Church, soz the quantitie, as wel
counterfaited, as the Papnter Thoulde haue painted it on a
cloth of wall. There were beaktes byzdes, and personages,
motte likely made and counterfaited, some fightyng wyth
Swozdes, some wyth Gunnes, and Crossebowes, some
baughting and leaping, some dauncing with Ladys, some
on hozes in complete harnesse, iutkyng wyth long & charpe
Speares, with many moe deuises. Among al other was a
chelles bozde made of spiced Plate, with menne there of the
same : and soz the god propoſtion, and bycause the French
menne be verye experte in that playe, my Lozde Cardo-
nall gaue the same to a Gentleman of Fraunce, commaun-
ding there Thoulde be made a godly cace soz the prieſeruation
thereof in all haffe, that he might conuep the same into his
Countrep. Then toke my Loz d a bole of Gold filled with
Jpocrace, and putting off his Cappe, sayde: I dinke to the
Lyng my Soueraigne Loz d, and next vnto the King your
Mafter, & therwith dinke a god daughte; and when he had
done, he desired the Craund Mafter to pledge hym Cuppe
and all, the whyche was well wort hy kee hundzed Markes,
and so caused all the bourdes to pledge these two roiall
Princes : then wente the Cuppes so merily aboute, that
manye of the Frenche menne were faine to be ledde to their
beddes.

Then roſe vppe the Cardinall, and went into his piu-
ie Chamber, to pul off his Boſes, and to chifte hym, and
then wente he to ſupper in his prieuie Chamber, and ma-
king a verye choſte ſupper, returned into the Chamber of
Prieſence

Henrie the eyght.

Preference among the Frenche menne, using them so louing-
ly and familiarly, that they could not commende hym too
muche:and whleft they were in communication and other
pastimes, at their Lyueries were served to their Châbers,
euerpe Chamber hadde a Bason and an Ewer of Siluer, a
great liuery pot of Siluer, some guilt, pea and some cham-
ber hadde two Lyuerie pots wyth Wine and Bære : a Sil-
uer Candlesticke, both white and plaine, hauing in it two
cizes, and a kaffe torche of Ware, a fine Manchet and a
chete loafe. Thus was euerpe Chamber furnished through
al the house: And yet the Cupbords in the two banquetting
Chambers not once touched.

Thus, when it was more than time convenient, they
were conueyed to their lodgings, where they refted that
night.

In the morning they dyned with the Cardinall, and so departed to Windfore. After the returne of the Strangers from Windfore, which place with the order thereof they much commended. The day approached that they were by the king united to the Courte, where Sirke they dyned, and after dauncing and other pastimes by them done, the time of supper came on. Then was the Banquetting Chamber in the tylte yarde at Greenewiche, to the whyche place these Strangers were conducted by the nobleff personages in the court, where they didde bothe sup and banquet, the kraunge and wonderful devuises of dithes and suttleties whereof, as farre passed the banquet at Hampton Court, as Golde doth Siluer in valewe of waighte so waight.

In the midde of this banquet, there was tourneping at
the barryers with luffie Gentlemen in compleate harnelle
very gorgeous on fote. Then was there the like on hozfe-
backe. And after all this was the molle godlypeft dilguy-
ing oz Enterlude made in Latine, the Players beþng so
riche, and of so krange devuises, that it palleth all compari-
son.

Doo.iiij.

This

95

Henrie the eyght.

Thus done, there came suche a number of the kayceff Ladypes and Gentlem women that bare any brute of beautitie in all the Realme in moste richesse apperell that mighte be deuised, with whom the Gentlemen of France daunced, until a gorgeous Male came in of Gentlemen, who daunced and maskt with these Ladies. This done, came in a Male of Ladypes: these Ladypes twke eache of them one of the French men to daunce and to maske: these women Palkers spake good French to the French men, which delighted them very much.

Thus was this nighte consumed, from none of the clocke untill thisée of the clocke after midnight, and then euerpe man departed to their lodgings. After all this time, lempue chère, at a dape appopnted, they resorted to the Court to take their leaue of the King and other noblemen: then came they to Westminster unto the Cardinall, of whom they receyued the Kings rewards, the whyche were these: euerpe man of honoſ and eſtimation had Plate, some to the balewe of thisée or foure hundred pound, and some more and some lesſe, besides other greate gilts receyued before of the King, as gownes of Veluet with riche Furres, greate chaynes of Golde, and goodly hoſſes, wyth dyuers other gilts, and the leaſe of them had a ſumme of crowns of Golde: the worſte Page amongſ them hadde twentie Crownes for his parte: and beþng thus nobly rewarded, they departed.

A Frenche Craer, of thirtie Tunne, being manned wyth eighte and thirtie Feenche menne, and a Flemish Craer of ſeuen and twentie Tunne, and ſoure and twentie Flemings, meeting at Margate, the one chacod the other along the riuer of Thams to the Tower Wharſe of London, where fir Edmond Walsingham Lieuetenaunte of the Tower, kapeſ them both, and twke bothe their Capaines and men.

The rby. of June, the Terme was adioſned to. Mihed male, by cause of the sweating ſicknſe that then raigned.

Henry the eygth.

in the Citie of London, and there was no such watch at Hid-
somer, as before time had bin accustomed.

Ralph Waren: John Long, the 28.of September.

Sir John Rudlton Draper, the 28.of October.

The seauenth of October, came to London a Legate from
Rome, called Lawrence Campaius Cardinall, and by the
Kings gift, Bishop of Salisbury, who was lodged at Bath
place without Temple barre.

A prisoner brake from the Sessions hall at Newgate wher the Sessions was done, which prisoner was brought downe out of Newgate in a Basket, he seemed so weake, but now in the end of the Sessions he brake through the people to the Grey Friers Church, and there was kept fire on seuen dapes ere the Sheriffes could speake with him, and then bycause he would not aburre and aske a Crowner, with violence they toke him thence, and cast hym agapne in prison, but the law serued not to hang him.

Commissioners were sent some to Oxford, some to Cam-
bridge, some to Louayne, Paris, Orleance, Bonony, Padua, etc. to
knowe the opinions of the learned in those Universtities,
concerning the marriage betwixt King Henry and Quæne
Katherine sometime his brothers wife, which marriage see-
med to them to be vnlawfull, as was affirmed under the
perticular seale of every Universtitie.

In the moneths of Aprill, May, June, and July, Cardinall Campeius the Legate, with Cardinall Wolfey, sate at the Blacke Friers in London, where before them was brought in question the Kings marriage with Quæne Katherine, as to be vnlawfull, where these two Legates sate as Judges, before whome, the King and Quæne were affited and sommoned to appeare. The Court was platted in tables and benches in manner of a Confiscacion, one seate repsed high, er for the Judges so sitte in, then as it were in the midst of the satd Judges aloft above them thre degrés high, was a cloth of Estate hanged, with a Chaire ropall under the same, wherein sate the King, and besides him, some di-

Doo.v.

stance

Sherifes. 3
Maior.

Legate from
Rome.

A prisoner
brake from the
Sessions house.

Register of the
Grey Friars.

1527

Annoreg. 21

The Kings mar-
riage vith
Queene Kathe-
rine called in
question at the
Blacke Friars.

260

Henry the eyght.

Kante from him sate the Quæne, and under the Judges
sæte sate the Scribes, and other officers: the chiefest Scribe
was Docto? Stephens, and the caller of the Court was one
Cooke of Winchester. Then before the King and the Judges
within the Court sate the Archbishop of Canterbury War-
ham, and all the other Bishops. Then came at both ends
within, the Counsellours learned in the Spiritual
Lawes, as well the Kings as the Quænes. The Doctors of
Law for the King, were Docto? Simpson, Docto? Bell, and
diuers other, and Pro doctors on the same side were Docto?
Peter, Docto? Tregonell, with others. On the other side for
the Quæne, were Docto? Fisber, Docto? Standish, and Do-
to? Ridley. Thus was the Court furnished. The Judges
commanded silence whilest their commission was red, both
to the Court, and to the people assembled. That done, the
Scribes commaunded the Crier to call the King by the
name of King Henry of England, come into the Court, etc.
with that the King answered, and sayde hære: then called
hè the Quæne by the name of Katherine Quæne of Eng-
lande, come into the Court, etc. who made no answer, but
rose out of his Chaire, and bycause he could not come to
the King directly, for the distance seuered betwene them,
the wente aboute by the Court, and came to the King,
kneeling downe at his sæte, to whome the sayde in effect
as followeth: Sir (quoth he) I desire you to do me justice
and right, and take some pitie upon me, for I am a poor
woman, and a Stranger, bozne out of your Dominion,
hauing hære no indifferent Counsell, and lesse assurance
of Frendship: Alas Sir, what hane I offended you, or
what occasion of displeasure hane I thewed you, inten-
ding thus to put me from you after this sone? I take God
to my Judge, I have bin to you a true and humble wife,
euer confirmable to your will and pleasure, that never
contraryed or gayne layde any thing thereof, and being
always contented with all things wherein you had any
delight,

Henrie the eyght.

delight, whether little or much, without grudge or diss
pleasure: I loued for your sake all them whome you loo
ued, whether they were my friendes or enimies. I haue
bin your wife these twentye yeares and moe, and you
haue had by me dyuers Children, if there be any ill cause
that you can alledge agaynste me, eyther of dishoneste,
or matter lawfull to put me from you, I am contente
to departe to my shame and rebuke, and if there be none,
then I pray you to let me haue Juitice at youre hande.
The King your father was in hiss tyme of excellente
witte, and the King of Spayne my Father Ferdinando was
reckned one of the wisest Princes that raigned in Spayne
many yeares before: it is not to be doubted, but that they
had gathered as wife Counsellours onto them of euery
Realme, as to their wisedomes thep thought meste, who
thought the marriage betwene you and me good and
lawfull, etc. wherefore, I humblye desire you to spare
me, until I may knowe what councell my friendes in
Spayne will aduertise me to take, and if you will not,
then youre pleasure be fulfilled: and wyth that, the a-
rose by, making a low curtesie to the King, and depar-
ted from thence. The King beýng aduertised that the
was ready to goe out of the house, commanded the Cri-
er to call hir agayne, who called hir by these wodes,
Katherine Quene of Englande, come into the Courte,
wyth that quoth Mayster Grifith, Madame, you be-
called agayne, on on (quoth he) it maketh no matter,
I wyll not tarrie, goe on youre wapes: and thus the
departed, wythoute anye further aunswere at that
tyme, or anye other, and neuer woulde appeare after
in any Court. The King perceiving the was departed,
fayde these wodes in effect:

For as much (quoth he) as the Quene is gone, I
will in hir absence declare onto you all. She hathe
bene to me as true, as obediente, and as confirmable.
a wife,

Henry the eyght.

a wife, as I would with oz desire, the hath all the verious qualities that ought to be in a woman of hir dignitie, oz in any other of a baser estate, the is also surely a noble woman bozne, hir conditions will well declare the same: with that quoth the Cardinall Wolsey, Sir, I most humbly require your highnesse, to declare before all this audience, whether I haue bin the chiese and first mouer of this matter onto your Maiestie oz no, for I am greatly suspected hærein. By Lord Cardinall (quoth the King) I can well excuse you in this matter, mary (quoth he) ye haue bin rather against me, in the tempting hæreof, than a fetter forward oz moner of the same: the speciall cause that moved me onto this matter, was a certayne scrupulousitie that pricked my conscience, upon certaine words spoken at a time when it was, by the Bishop of Bayon the French Embailladoz, who had bin by their sente upon the debating of a marriage to be concluded betweene our daughter the Lady Mary, and the Duke of Orleance, second sonne to the King of France, and upon the resolution and determination of the same, he desired respect to aduertise the King his mapfter thereof, whether our daughter Mary should be legitimate in respect of this my marriage with this woman, being sometime my brothers wife, which words once concepued within the secret bottome of my conscience, engendred suche a scrupulous doubt, that my conscience was incontinently accompanied, vered and disquieted, whereby I thought my selfe to be greatly in danger of Gods indignation, which appeared to be (as me seemed) the rather, for that he sente vs no issue male, and all such issues male as my said wife had by me, died incontient after they came into the world, so that I doubted the great displeasure of God in that behalfe, thus my conscience being tost in the waves of a scrupulous conscience, and partly in despair to haue any other issue than I had already by this Lady now my wife, it behooved me further to consider the state of this Realme, and the danger that it kwood in for lacke of a Prince to succede me, I thought

Henrie the eyght.

thought it good in releaffe of the weighty burthen of my
swake conscience, and also the quiet eftate of this worthy
Realme, to attempt the law therein, whether I may law,
fully take another wife more lawfully, by whom God may
send me more issue, in case this my first copulation was
not good, without any carnall concupiscence, and not for a-
ny displeasure of milking of the Queues person and age,
with whom I would be as well contented to continue, if
our marriage may stand with the Laws of God, as with
any woman alive, in which point confesteth all this doubt
that we go about now to trie, by the learning, wisedome,
and iudgement of you our Pielates and palfoures of all
this our Realme and dominion now hære assembled for
that purpose, to whose conscience and learning I haue com-
mitted the charge and iudgement, according to the whiche,
I will (God willing) be right well content to submit my
selfe, and for my part obey the same, wherein, after that I
perceued my conscience so doubtfull, I moued it in confes-
sion to you my Lord of Lincolne then Chostly Father, and
for as much as then you your selfe were in some doubt, you
moued me to alke the counsell of all you my Lords, where-
upon, I moued you my Lord of Canterbury, first to haue your
licence, in as much as you were Metropolitane, to put this
matter in quention, and so I did of all you my Lords, to
which you granted under your Seales, hære to be shewed :
that is truth quoth the Archbishop of Canterbury. After that,
the King rose up, and the Court was adiourned untill a-
nother day. The next Court day, the Cardinals sate a-
gaine, at which time, the Counsell on both sides were there
ready to answere : the Kings Counsell alledged the Patri-
monie not to be lawfull at the beginning, because of the
carnall copulation had beklwene Prince Arthure and the
Queene. This matter being very behemently touched on
that side, and to prove it, they alledged many reasons and
militudes of truth, and being answered negatively againe
on the other side, it seemed that all their former allegations
were.

Henry the eyght.

were doubtfull to be tryed, and that no man knewe the
truth. And thus this Court passed from Sections to Sections,
and day to day, that at certayne of their Sections the
King sent the two Cardinalles to the Quæne (who was
then in Bridewell) to perswade with hir by their wisedomes,
and to aduise hir to surrender the whole matter into the
Kings hands by hir owne consent and will, which should
be much better to hir honour, than to stand to the triall of
Law, and thereby to be condemned, whiche should be seene
much to hir dishonour. The Cardinalles being in the
Quænes Chamber of presence, the Gentleman other ad-
vertised the Quæne, that the Cardinalles were come to
speake with hir: with that the rose vp, and with a Skeyne
of white thread about hir necke, came into hir Chamber of
presence, where the Cardinalles were attending, at whose
comming, quoth the, what is your pleasure with me: if it
please your Grace (quoth Cardinall Wolsey) to goe into
your prieute Chamber, we will shew you the cause of our
comming: my Lord (quoth the) if ye have any thing to say,
speake it openly before all these folke, so I keare nothing
that ye can say against me, but that I would all the world
should heare and see it, and therefore speake your mind.
Then began the Cardinall to speake to hir in Latine, say
god my Lord (quoth the) speake to me in English: so sooth
(quoth the Cardinall) god Madame, if it please you, we
come both to knowe your mind how you are disposed to do
in this matter betweene the King and you, and also to de-
clare secretly our opinions and councell vnto you, whiche
we do only for very zeale and obedience we beare vnto your
Grace. My Lord (quoth the) I thanke you so your god
will, but to make you answere in your request, I can not so
sodeinly, so I was set among my Paydes at woeke, thin-
king fuli little of any such matter, wherein there nedeth a
longer deliberation, and a better head than mine to make
answere, so I neede of councell in this case which toucheth
me so nere: and so my councel or friendship that I can find
in England, they are not so my profite: what thinke you my
Lords,

Henry the eyght.

Lozds, will any Englishman councell me, or be friendly to me againft the Kings pleasure, that is his subiect: nay sooth, as for my Counsell in whome I will put my trust, they be not here, they be in Spayne in mine owne Countrep: and my Lozdes, I am a pize woman lacking witte to answere to any such noble persons of wisedome as you be, in so waightie a matter, therefore I pray you be good unto me pize woman, defftitute of friends hære in a fozrayne region, and your counsell also I will be glad to heare: and there with the foke the Cardinall by the hand, and ledde him into his priuie Chamber with the other Cardinall, where they tarried a season talking with the Quene, which communication ended, they departed to the King, making so him relation of his talke. Thus this case went forward from Court to Court, till it came to Judgemente, so that euery man expected the iudgement would be giuen the next day, at which day the King came thither, and set him downe in a Chaire within a doze, in the end of the Calery (which opened directly againſt the iudgement seate) to heare the iudgement giuen, at which time, all their pROCEDINGS were openely red in Lattin. That done, the Kings Counſell at this barre called for iudgement, with this (quoth Cardinall Campeius) I will not giue iudgement till I haue made relation to this Pope of all our pROCEDINGS, whose councel & commandement in this case I will obſerue: the case is very doubtful, also the party defendet wil make no anſwer here, but doth rather apeale from vs, supposing we be not indifferent, wherefore I will adiourne this Court for this time, according to the order of this Court of Rome, and with this Court was diſsolued, no more done. This pROtracting of the conclusion of the matter, R. Henry tooke very displeaſtly. Cardinall Campeius tooke his leane of the R. and Nobilitie, returned towards Rome.

Ralph Rowlet Goldsmith was choſen Sheriffe of Lõdon by this commons, but this King wrote for him, that he was for thisyeare discharged, and then was choſen Walter Champion Draper.

Michael Dorman: Walter Champion, the 28. of Septem. Sherifes.

Sir Raulph Dodmere Mercer, the 28. of October.

The

966

Henry the eyght.

The rviiij. day of October, the Dukes of Suffolke and of
Norffolke came to the Cardinall then being at Westminſter
to whome they declared that the Kings pleasure was that
he should surrender vp the great Seale into their hands,
and to depart simply vnto After, which was an house ſitu-
ate nigh vnto Hampton Court, belonging to the Bishopſche
of Winchesteſ. The Cardinall demanded of them their com-
mission that gave them such authoſitie, who anſwered u-
gaine, that they were ſufficient commiſioners, and had au-
thoſitie to doe no leſſe by the Kings mouth, notwithſtan-
ding, he woulde in no wise agrée in that behalſe, withouſe
further knowledge of their authoſitie, ſaying, that the great
Seale was delivered him by the Kings person, to enioy
the ministration thereof, with the rome of the Chancelloz,
foz the ſeame of his life, whereof ſoz his ſuretie, he had the
Kings letters pattents: which matter was greatly debated
betwæne them, with many great words, in ſo much, that
the Dukes were ſayne to depart againe without their pur-
pose, and rode to Windeſore to the King, and made reſort ac-
cordingly, but the next day they returned againe, bringing
with them the Kings letters. Then the Cardinal deliuered
unto them the great Seale, and was content to departe
simply, taking with him nothing but only certayne p[ro]ſon
on ſoz his house: and after long ſalke betwæne him and the
Dukes, they departed with the great Seale of England, and
brought the ſame to the King. Then the Cardinal called al
his Officers before him, and took the accompt of them ſoz all
such ſtuffe whereof they had charge, and in his Galrep were
let diners Tables, whereupon lay a great number of godly
rich ſtuffe, as whole pieces of Silke of all colours, Tel-
uet, Sattin, Damaske, Taffata, Grograine, ‡ other things.
Alſo, there lay a thousand pieces of fine Holiado cloth. There
was layd on every Table Bokes, reſorting the contents
of the ſame, and ſo was there Invenſories of all things in
order against the Kings coming. He caused to be hanged
the Walles of the Callozy on the one side, with cloth of
Colde,

Cardinall diſ-
charged of the
great Seale.

Henry the eyght.

Gold, cloth of Tissue, cloth of Silver, and rich cloth of Bod-
ken of divers colours. On the other side were hanged the
richest suite of Coapes of his own province made for his
Colleges of Oxford and Ipswich, that euer was seen in Eng-
land. Then had he two Chambers adiopning to the Gale-
rie, the one most commonly called the gilt Chamber, and
the other the Counsell Chamber, wherein were set up two
bzoade and long Tables upon treckles, whereupon was set
suche a number of plate of all sizes, as was almost incre-
dible. In the gilt Chamber were set out upon the Table
nothing but gilt plate, and upon a Cupboard and in a win-
dow was set no plate but Gold, very rich: and in the Coun-
sell chamber was all white and parcell gilt plate, and under
the Table in baskets was all olde broken Silver plate, and
Bokes set by them, purpozing every kind of plate, and e-
uery parcell, with the contents of the ounces thereof. Thus
was all things prepared, giuing charge of all the said Stufle,
with all other remaining in every Office, to be deliuered to
the King, to make answere to their charge: for the order
was such, that every Officer was charged with his receipt of
the Stufle belonging to his Office by Indenture. To Sir
William Galcoine being his Treasurer, he gave the charge
of the deliuerie of the said goods, and therewithal, with his
traine of Gentlemen and yeomen, he toke his Barge at the
pziuie staires, and so wente by water unto Putney, where,
when he was arriued, he toke his Moyle, and every man
toke their Hozzles, and rode freight to Afbere, where he and
his family continued the space of three or four weekes, with-
out either beddes, steeles, table clothes, or dishes to eate
their meate in, or wherwith to buy any: the Cardinall was
forced to bozow of the Bishop of Carelile, plate and dishes etc.

The rrdij. of October, Sir Thomas Moore was made
Chancellor of England.

William Tindall, after he had translated the new Testa-
ment into English, he caused the same to be printed beyond
the Seas.

Sir Thomas
Moore made
Chancellor.

Nevv Testa-
ment printed in
English.

Ppp.

A

968

Henry the eyghe.

A peace was agréod betwæne the Emperour, and the
Kings of England, France, Boheme, and Hungary.

In the moneth of October, the King came to his place
of Bridewell, where he and his Pobles put on their Robes,
and went to the Black Friers, and began there a Parliamét,
in þ which, the Cardinall was condened in the Pzemunire.

The eyght of December, was created Thomas Til
count Rochford Earle of Wilshire: Robert Tilcount Fitz
Water Earle of Sussex: and George Lord Haltings, Earle of
Huntington, at Yorke Place by Westminster.

The thirteenth of January, a great fire was in the City
trie at London.

Cardinall Wolsey after great suite made to the King,
was licenced to remoue from Aſhere to Richmond, whyche
place, he had a little before repaired with great coffes, for
the King had made an exchange therof with him for Hamp-
ton Court. The Cardinall hauing licence of the King to re-
paire to Richmond, made half thither, and lodged there in the
Lodge of the great Parke, which was a very pretty house,
there he lay until the beginning of Lent, then he removed
into the Charterhouse of Richmond, where he lay in a lod-
ging which Doctor Collet made for himselfe, until he re-
moned Northward, which was in the Paffion wæke after,
and every day he resorted to the Charterhouse there, and
would sitte with one of the most auntient fathers, who per-
swaded him to despise the vayne glozie of the world. Then
prepared the Cardinall for his journey into the North, and
sente to London for luerie clothes for his ſeruants, and to
rode from Richmond to Hendon, from thence, to a place called
the Rye, the next day to Rayſtone, where he lodged in the Pio-
rie, the next day to Huntingdon, and there lodged in the Ab-
bey, the next day to Feterborow, and there lodged in the Ab-
bey, where he abode all the next wæke, where he kept his
Caffer, his traine was in number 160. persons: upon Ma-
die Thursday he made his Maundy, there having 59. poze
mé, whose kéte he washed, & gave euery one ry. 6. in money,
it.

Parliament at
the Black Friers.

Henry the eyght.

If elles of good Canuas, a paire of choes, a cast of redde heares, and iiij. white hearings, and one of them had y. ñ. On Thursday next after Easter, he removed to Mailter Fitz Williams, sometime a Merchant Taploz of London, and then of the Kings Council: the next week he removed to Stamford, the next day to Grantham, the nexte day to Newarke, and lodged in the Castell that night, and the next day also: from thence, he rode to Southwell, where he continued most part of all that Sommer, until the latter end of graffe time, and then he rode to Scroby, where he continued until Michaelmasse, and then to Camwood Castell, within seauen miles of Yorke, whereof we will speake more hereafter.

The rbi. of May, a ma was hanged in chaines in FinSBurie field, for murthering Doctor Miles, aicar of S. Brides. The rrb. of May, R. Henry commanded the Bishops to call in Tindals translated of the new Testament, and to see another truly translated to be set forth. R. Henry upon occasion of delay made by the Pope in his controversy of diuocement, and through displeasure of such reports as he heard had bin made of him to y Court of Rome, thirdly, pricked forward by some counsellors to follow y example of y Germanes, caused proclamation to be made the rix. of September, for bidding al his subjects to purchase any maner of thing from the Court of Rome. This peare, Ralph Rowlet was againe chosen Sheriffe for y common, and he would not take it upon him, but went to Saint Albans, then on Michaelmas euen, was chosen Robert Amadas Coldsmith, and the King wot he for him, so that he was excused. On the morrow, which was Michaelmasse day, was chosen Richard Choppin Tallow Chandler, who was forthwith sworne in the Guild hall, and changed into a Gowne and Cloake of Scarlet, wyth a sheine of Gold about his necke, and a Horse being prepared for him ready at y Guild Hall Gate, he rode to Westminster.

William Dauntsey: Richard Choppin, the 28.of Septemb.
Thomas Pergeter Salter, the 28.of October.

The iiiij. and v. of November, was a great wind y blaw

Ppp.y.

downe

1520

Annoreg. 22

Suite to the
Court of Rome
forbidden.

Election of
the Sheriffs.

Sheriffe elected
on Michael-
mas day.

Sherifes.

Maior.

970

Henry the eyght.

downe many houſes and trées, after the which winde follo-
wed so high a tide, that it drowned the marthes on Eſſex-
ſide and Kent, with the Ile of Thanet, and other places, de-
ſtroying much Caſſell.

Cardinall Wolſey lying at Cawood, helde there an honou-
rable and plentifull house for all commers, and also built
and repaired the Caſſell, which was greatly in decay, ha-
uing artificers and labourers aboue 300. persons daily in
wages; and at length being there vnto perſwaded by his Do-
ctoris of St. Church of Yorke, he determined to be cauled there
at Yorke Minſter, the next Monday after Alhallowen day, a-
gainſt which time due preparation was made for the ſame,
but not in such ſumptuous wife, as his predeceſſors before
him had vsed. The day being once knowne unto the woſ-
hipfull Gentlemans of the Countrey, and other, as Abbots, &
Priors, hauing notice of his cauulation, they ſent in such pio-
uſion of vicuall, that it is almost incredible, all which
was unknowne to the Cardinall, for as much as he was
prevented and diſappoynted of his purpose, by the reaſon
that he was arreſt'd of high Treason, as yet shall hereafter
heare, so that moſt parte of this former piousion that I
ſpake of, was ſent unto Yorke the ſame day of his arreſt, and
the next day following: for his arreſt was kept as close as
could be, the order of his arreſt was thus. It was appoynted
by the King and Counſell, that Sir Walter Walſh Knight,
one of the Kings prieuie Chambcr, should be sente downe
with a Commission into the North unto the Earle of Nor-
thumberland (who was sometime brought vp in house with
the Cardinall) and they twaine being iopnantly in committis
to arreſt the Cardinall of high Treason, Mapſter Walſh
toke his Hoſſe at the Court gate, about none, upon Al-
hallowen day, towarde the Earle of Northumberland. And
now haue I occaſion to declare what happened aboute the
ſame time, which peraduenture ſignified the troubles follo-
wing to the Cardinall. The Cardinall sitting at Dinner
upon Alhallowen day, hauing at his handes ende dyuers

Chap

Henry the eyght.

Chaplaynes sitting at dinner, ye shall vnderstand that the
Cardinalles great crosse скоде in a corner at the tables end,
leaning against the hanging, and when the boxes end was
taken vp, and a convenient time for the Chaplaines to a-
rise, one Doctor Auguſtine a Venetian, and Phipſition to the
Cardinall, rifting from the table with the other, haning vp-
pon him a great gowne of bopskeous Wbelnet, ouerthzele the
Crosse, whiche trapping downe along the tappet, with the
point of one of the Crosse, bake Doctor Bonars head, that
the bloud ran downe, the company there standing, great-
ly affonied with the chance. The Cardinall perceiving the
same, demanded what the matter meant of their lodeine a-
maize, and they thewod him of the fall of his Crosse vpon
Doctor Bonars head: hath it (quoth he) ddrawne any bloud,
yea forlouth my Lord (quoth they) with that he cast his head
aside, and laid shaking his head, Malum omen, and therewith
said Grace, and rose from the Table, & went to his Cham-
ber. Now marke the ſignification how the Cardinal crpouu-
ded this matter at Pomfret after his fall. First, ye shall vn-
derstand that the Crosse which he bare as Archbishop of
Yorke, ſignified himseltſe, and Auguſtine the Phipſition who o-
uerthzele the Crosse, was only he that accused the Cardi-
nall, whereby his enimies caught an occasion to ouerthzow
him: it fell vpon Doctor Bonars head, who was Papeſter of
the Cardinals faculties and ſpirituali urisſidions, & was
then damnified by the ouerthzow of the Crosse: yea, & moze-
over, dzawing bloud of him, betokened death, which whozely
after did ensue. About which time of this mischance, the
same very day and ſeason Maſker Walſh troke his Horſſe
at the Court as nigh as could be iudged. Now the appoin-
ted time dieth neere of his ſkulation, and sitting at Dinner
vpon the Friday next before the Monday, on the which day
he intended to be ſtauled at Yorke, the Carle of Northumber-
land and Papeſter Walſh, with a great company of Gentle-
men of the Carles house, and of the Countrey, whome he
had gathered togither in the Kings name, came into the Hall

Ppp.ii, at

Doctor Bonars
head broke.

972

Cardinall
a, refted.

Henrie the eyght.

at Cawod, the Officers being at Dinner, and the Cardinall not fully dined, being then in his fruites. The first thing þ þ Carle did after he had set order in the hall, he commanded the Porter at the Gates to deliuer him þ keyes therof, who would in no wise obey his commandement, although he were roughly threatned, & freightly commanded in þ Kings name to make deliuerp of the to one of the Carles SERUANTS: Sir (quoth he) swering that ye do but intend to set one of your SERUANTS in my place to keepe the Gates, I knowe no servant that ye haue, but I am as able as he to do it, and keepe the Gates to your purpose (whatsoever it be) and also the keyes were deliuered me by my Lord and Papfer, wherefor I pray you to pardon me, for whatsoever ye shall command me to do in the miniftratiõ of mine office, I shall do it with god will: with that (quoth the Carle) hold him a Boke, & cowaunded him to lay his hand theron: thou shalt swoare (quoth he) that thou shall well and truly keepe the Gates to the Kings dse, and to doe all such things as we shall command, and that ye shall let paffe neither in nor out at these Gates, but such as ye be commaunded by vs, and with this oth he receiued the keyes at the Carles hands. Of all these doings knewe the Cardinall nothing, for they kopped the keire, so that none went vp to the Cardinals Chamber, and they that came downe, could no more go vp againe: at the last, one escaped, who thewed the Cardinall that the Carle was in the Hall, wherat the Cardinall maruelled, & would not belæue him, but cowaunded a Gentleman to bring him the truth, who going downe the Kaires, saw the Carle of Northumberland, and returned, and said it was very he: then (quoth the Cardinall) I am forp that we haue dined, for I keare our Officers be not prouided of any store of good fith to make him some honourable chere, let the Table stande (quoth he) with that he rose vp, and going downe þ Kaires, he encomtred the Carle coming vp with all his naple, and as some as the Cardinal espied þ Carle, he put off his Cap, & said, my Lord, ye be most hartily welcome, & so embraced each other: then the Cardinall took the Carle by the hand, and

Henry the eyght.

and had him vp into the Chamber, whome followed all the number of the Earles Servants. From thence, he led him into his bedchamber, and they being there al alone, the Earle said unto the Cardinal all with a soft voice, laying his hande vp on his arme, my Lord, I arrest you of high Treason: with which words a good space, at the last (quoth the Cardinal) what authority haue you to arrest me: for sooth my L. (quoth he) I haue a commission so to do: where is your commission (quoth he) that I may see it, nay Sir that you may not sayde the Earle: well then (quoth the Cardinal) I will not obey your reft. But as they were debating this matter betweene them in the Chamber, so busie was my Walsh in arresting Doctor Augustine at the doze in y pallace, saying unto him, go in Traytor! or I shall make thee. At the last, my Walsh be-ing entred the Cardinals Chamber, began to plucke off his hode, and after knelt down to the Cardinal, unto whom the Cardinal said, come hither gentleman and let me speake with you, Sir, here my Lord of Northumberland hath arre-sted me, but by whose authority he hath not, if ye be ioy-ned with him, I pray you then me Indee de my Lord (quoth my Walsh) he that you the truth: well then (quoth the Cardinal) I pray you let me see it. Sir, I beseech you (quoth my Walsh) hold us excused: there is annered to our commission certaine instructions, which you may not see: well (quoth he) Cardinal] I know ye are one of the Kings private Cham-ber, your name is Walsh, I am content to payd to you, but not to my Lord of Northumberland without his commission: the work in the Kings private Chamber is sufficient to arrest the greatest pere of the Realme by the Kings com-mandement, without any commission, therefore put your commission and authority in execution, spare not, I will obey the Kings will. I take God to judge, I ne-uer offended the King in word or deed. Then the Earle called into the Chamber diuers Gentlemen of his owne Servauntes, and after they had taken the Cardinalles kepes from him, they put him in custody

ppp.tiy.

of

974

Henry the eyght.

of the Earles Gentlemen, then they went about the house to set all things in order: they sent them to Doctot Augustyne away to London with as much spéde as they could, who was bound unto the House like a Traytoz, but it was Sunday toward night ere the Cardinal was conuayd from Cawod, lodged that night in the Abbey of Pomfset. The next day he removed towarde DanCASTER, and was there lodged at the blacke Friers. The next day he was removed to Shefilde Parke, where the Earle of Shrewburie with his Lady, and a traine of Gentlemê and Gentlewomen receyued him with much honoz, then departed all the great number of Gentlemen that conducted him thether: and the Cardinall being thus with the Earle of Shrewburie, continued there two days after, by whom he was made the Lord of the House to attend co'tinually, to see that he should lacke nothing, being served in his owne Chamber, as honourably as he had in his own house, and once every day the Earle would re- paire unto him, & commune with him. After the Cardinall had thus remained with the Earle of Shrewburie about a fo'night, it came to pass at a certaine time as he sat at his dinner in his own châber, having at his bwards end a melle of Gentlemen and Chaplaines to keepe him company, toward the end of his dinner, when he was come to eating his fruits, his colour was perceyued often to change, whereby he was judged not to be in good health, wherebyon, one of his Gentlemen said, Sir, me sèmes you are not well at ease, to whom he answered with a loude voice, forsooth no more I am, for I am (quoth he) taken so deinly with a thing about my stomacke, that lyeth there along, as colde as a whetstone, which is no more but wind, I pray you go to the Poticarie, and enquire of him if he have any thing that will breaKE winde upward. Then went he to the Earle, and the- wed him what estate the Cardinall was in, and what he desired: with that, the Earle caused the Poticarie to be called before him, and demanded of him if he had any thing that would breaKE wind upward in a man's body, with the answer he had such geare. Then quoth the Earle fetch me some, the

The Cardinal
Lickneth,

Henrie the eyght.

þ Apoticary fetched a white cōſectiō in a kuir paper, th elect
it to þ erle, who comanded one to giue þ asap therof befoze
him, þ then þ same to be brought to the Cardinall, who re-
ceined it vp al at once into his mouth: but immediatly after
surely, he auoiwed much wind vpward: lo (quoth he) ye may
ſee that it was but wind, þ nowe I am well eamed, I thanke
God, þ so roſe frō the Table, þ went to hys prayers: þ that
done, there came on him ſuche a lſsenelle, that it caused him
to go to his flowle: þ not long after þ erle of Shrewſurie came
into þ Gallery to him, with whom þ Cardinall met: þ then
ſitting down upon a bench, þ erle aſked him how he did, þ he
moſt lamétably anſwered him, þ thanked him for his gentle
enſtertainment: Sir (quoth the erle) if ye remember, ye haue
often wiſhed to come before the king, to make your anſwer,
þ I haue wittè to þ King in þ behalf, making him prieue of
your lamentation that ye inwardly haue received for his hys
displeasure, who acceſteth al your doings therin, as friends
be accuſom'd to do in such caſes, wherfore I wold aduise you
to plucke vp your hart, and be not agaſt of your eniſies, I
doubt not but this your ioznep to his highneſſe that he much
to your aduancement. The king hath ſent for you that woz-
shipſul knight Hafter Kingſton, þ with him 24. of your old
ſernaſts, now of þ Guard, to the intet ye may ſakeſt come to
his Hauelie: fir (quoth the Cardinal) I trow Hafter King-
ſton is Cōſtable of the Tower, yea, what of that quoth þ erle,
I aſſure you he is elected by þ king for one of your friends:
Wel quoth the Cardinal, as God wil, so be it, I am subiect
to forſtune, being a true man, ready to accept ſuch chances as
that folow, þ there an end. I p[ra]p you where is Hafter King
ſton, quoth the earle I wil ſend for hym, I p[ra]p you so do,
quoth the Cardinal, at whole message he came, þ as ſome as
the Cardinal eſpied him, he made haſt to encounter him, þ
at his coming he knæled to him, þ falufed him in the kings
behalf, who þ Cardinal barchaded offered to take vp, þ said:
I p[ra]p you kande vp, knæle not to me, I am but a w[re]tch
repleat with miſerie, not eſtreaming my ſelke but as a vile
abiecte, utſterly take away without desert as God knoweth.

Ppp.b, Then

976

Henrie the eyght.

Then said Maiter Kingston with humble reuerence, Sir, I
King hath him commended vnto you: I thanke his highnes
quoth the Cardinall, I trust he be in health, yea quoth Pal-
ter Kingston, if he commanded me to laye to you, that you
thoulde assure your selfe that he beareth you as muche god
wil as euer he did, if willeth you to be of good chere. And
where report hath bin made, I think should comit against hym
certain heinous crimes, which he thinketh to be vntrue, yet
he can doe no lesse than to sende for you to your triall, to
take your ioznep to him at your owne pleasure, commanding
me to be attendant vpon you. Therforese fir I pray you when
it shall be your own pleasure to take your ioznep, I shall be
ready to give attendance: Maiter Kingston quoth he, I thank
you for your newes, fir, if I were as luscious as I have been
but of late, I would ride with you in poft, but I am deceased
with a fire that maketh me very weake, but I shall wath al
spedde make me ready to ryde with you to morrow. When
night came, the Cardinall wared very sicke with the lalke,
the whyche caused him continually to go to the wole al that
night, insomuch, that he had that night 50. hours: therefor
in consideration of his infirmitie, they caused him to tarry al
that day: and the next day he took his ioznep with Maiter
Kingston and them of the Guard, till he came to an house of
the Earle of Shrewsburies called Hardwicke hall, where he lay
al night very enill at eafe. The nexte day he rode to Nottingham,
and there lodged that night more sicke: and the nexte
daye he rode to Leicester Abbey, and by the way wared so
sicke, that he was almost fallen from his Mule, so that it
was night before he came to the Abbey of Leicester, where at
his comming in at the Gates, the Abbot with al his couent
met him with diuers Torches light, whome they honoura-
bly receyued and welcommed: To whome the Cardinall
layde: Father Abbot, I am come hyther to laye my bones
among you, riding so still until he came to the Claynes of
the Chamber, where he alighted from his Mule, and Mait-
ter Kingston led him vppe the Claynes, and as some as he
was in his Chamber he went to bedde.

Satterday

Henry the eyght.

Satterday at nighte, and then encreased ficker and ficker,
until Monday, that all men thought he woulde haue dyed:
So on Tuesday Saint Andrewes even, Maister Kingston
came to hym and bade him godimorrowe, so it was about
fire of the clocke, and alked him howe he didde: Sir, quoth
he, I tarry but the pleasure of God, to render uppe my
power soule into his hands: not so sir, quoth Maister King-
stone, wþth the grace of God, yee shall liue and doe berpe
well, if yee will be of good chere: nay in good soth Maister
Kingstone, my disease is suche, that I can not liue: so I
haue hadde some experience in Physicke. Thus it is, I
haue a flure with a continuall Feuer, the nature whereof
is, that if there be no alteration of the fame wþthin eyghte
dapes, either muste ensue ercozration of the entrails, or
franſie, or else present death, and the belief of them is death,
and as I suppose thys is the eyghte dape, and if yee see no
alteration in me, there is no remedy, ſaue, though I may
liue a dape or twaine after, but death muste ensue: Syr,
quoth Maister Kingstone, you be in suche penſueneſſe,
doubting that thing, that in good faith ye neéde not. Well,
well, Maister Kingstone quoth the Cardinall, I see the mat-
ter howe it is framed: but if I hadde serued God as dili-
gently as I haue done the King, he woulde not haue gyuen
me ouer in my grep haires: but this is the iukke rewarde
that I muste receive so the diligent paines and study that
I haue hadde to doe him ſervice, not regarding my ſervice
to God, but onelypc to satisfie his pleasure: I pray you haue
me moste humbly commended unto his Royall Maiestye,
and beseeche him in my behalfe to call to hys Princelpe re-
membraunce, all matters p[ro]ceeding betwene hym and
me from this beginning of the worlde, and the p[ro]gresse of
the same, etc., Maister Kingstone farewell, I can no moze
ſape, but I willc all things to haue good ſuccesse, my time
dzalweth on fall, and euen with that he beganne to dzawc
his ſpeach at length, and his tongue to faile, his eyes
bæping ſette, whose ſighte kapeled hym, then dydde
they puſte hym in remembraunce of Chrycke hys Pal-
ſon,

978

Henrie the eyght.

sion, & caused the Peomen of þ Guard to stand by to see him
dye, and to witness of his words at his departure: and in
continent the clocke stroke eyght, and then he gave by the
Gholl, and departed this present life, whych caused some to
call to remembrance howe he faide the dape before, that at
eyght of the clocke they shoulde lose their Pайler.

Here is the ende and fall of Pride & arrogancie of men
exalted by fortune to dignities: for in his tyme he was the
haughtiest man in all his proceedings alpine, having more
respecte to the honoz of his person, than he had to his spiri-
tuall profession, wherein should be chewed all mekenesse,
humilitie, and charitie.

The Cleargie of Englande, beþng iudged by the Kings
learned Council to be in the premunire, for maintaining þ
power Legantine of the Cardinall, were called by procrelle
into the Kings Bench to aunswere, wherefore in their con-
uocation they concluded a submission, wherein they called
the King Suprême head of the Church of England, and were
contented to give the King 100000. poundes, to pardon
their offences, touching þ premunire, by acte of Parliament.

The gift of Aprill one Richard Rose a Coke was boyted
in Smithfielde, for poponing of diuers persons at the Bishop
of Rochefòrs place.

King Henrie purchased the Hospitall of Saint James, nare
to Charing Cross, and al the medows to the same adopying,
gyuing the fillers of the house pencions during their lines,
and then builded thereof a godly Mansion, with a Parke,
whiche he caused to be walled about with Bricke.

The nineteenth of Anguix, Thomas Bilney, a Bachelor
of Law was burned at Norwich.

Richard Gresham: Edward Altham, the 28. of September.

Sir Nicholas Lambard Grocer, the 28. of October.

The fourth of December, fir Rice Gryffyn was behea-
ded at the Tower hill, and buried at the Crossed Friers, & John
Hewes hys man drawn to Tyborne hanged and quartered.

The 17. of May deceatted Robert Thorne Bachelor and
Merchant Taplour of London, who gave by his Testament,

(bis

Example of
pride and arro-
gancie.

The Cleargie
condemned in
the Premunire.

King Henrie fu-
preame head.

1531

A Cooke boy-
led.

Annoreg. 23

The Kings
house at Saint
James.

T. Bylney bur-
ied.

Sherifes. 3

Maior. 3

Rice Griffyn
executed.

Henrie the eyght.

(his debts strike being paide) is to be distributed in the citie of London 500. L. to poze householders : in the rab. Wardes, 20. L. in euery warde : To releene prisoners in the Counters 50. L. To poze Maides marriages 50. L. To the foure prisons about London, Newgate, Ludgate, Kings bench, Marshalfeu, 100. L. To Aldermarie Church in London, 10. L.

Summe. 710. poundes.

In the Citie of Bristow, to the making vppe of the Free
schowe of Saint Bartholomew 300. L. to be divided in the pa-
riches among the poze householders 300. L. to the redempti-
ion of the free farme of prisage there 200. L. to the Almes
houses there 100. L. to Thomas Moffit Maister of the
Grammer Schowe 25. L. and to Robert his sonne 10. L. to
the poze prisoners in Bristowe 50. L. to poze maides Mari-
ages there 50. L. towarde making of a place for Merchants
for the strike in Bristow 100. L. to the repaying of hyghe
wayes from Camer Marche to Bristow, at the discretion of
his executoirs as neede requyzed, and to the other high ways
about Bristow 100. L. to Saint Nicholas Churche in Bristowe
20. L. to the four orders of Friers there, euerpie order 20. L.
more to the prisoners of Bristowe 100. L. to the Chamber of
Bristow 300. L. for the prouision of corne and wod : more to
the Chamber 500. L. to the releke of yong men that practise
Clothing : to the poze people of Bristow 500. L. And ouer
and besides all this, to be distributed in dædes of Charitie,
at the discretion of his executoirs 1000. L.

Summe. 3735. poundes.

Legacies to his sibers children & other kindred amoun-
ted to 5142. L. 6. S. 8. d. His debts forgiue wer 83. L. 5. S. 10. d.
The residue of his goods he gave to his brother Nicholas
Thorne.

The 28. of May Fryer Forrest was put in prison for con-
trarying the Preacher before the King.

The other which the Clergie had used to make to the Bishop
of Rome was made by de by statute, & a new other con-
firmed, wherein they consented the King to be Supreme head.

The

Robert Thorn
his charitie in
the Citie of
London.

Robert Thorne
his charitie in
the tovne of
Bristovne.

Frier Forrest.

Clergy for vorme
to the King.

Henrie the eyght.

The sixteenth of May, sir Thomas Moore after great fute
made by him, was discharged of the Chancelorship.

The fourth of June the King dubbed Thomas Aude,
ley Knight, made him keper of the greate Scale, and not
long after Lozd Chancelo.

The sixteenth of June, kue men were hanged and quare-
tred at Tower hill, foz copning and clypping.

In the Moneth of July, the King suppresseed the Pziozie
of Christchurch in London, he sent the Chanons of that houſe
to other Pziozies, and gaue their Church,plate,and lands,
to sir Thomas Audley.

The thée and kwentith of Auguſte, William Warham
Archebſhoppe of Canterbury deceaſed.

The King repaied the Tower of London.

The firſte of September the Lady Anne Bolleine was
made Marchionette of Pembrooke at Windſore, and then was
gyuen hir by the King, one thouſande pounde by yeare.

The eleventh of October King Henrie landed at Calleis,
with the Duke of Richemonde hys baſkarde ſonne, the Duke
of Norſfolke Lozd Treasurer of England, the Duke of ſuffolke,
the Marquellſe of Exceſter, the Erles of Darby, Arundale, Ox-
ſorde, Surrey and Rutlande, the Vicount Litle King Edward
the fourth his baſkarde ſonne, the Lozd Matrauers, the Lozd
Sands Lozd Chamberlaine of the Kings houſe, the Lozd
William Hawarde, the Lozd Bray, the Lozd Montague,
the Lozd Cobham, the Lozd Mordant, the Lozd Dawb-
ney, the Lozd Grey, the Lozd Clinton, the Lozd Vaux,
the Lozd Mountegle, the Lozd Rocheford, Wyth diuers o-
ther Lozdes : the Wibhoppes of Winchelſter, London, Lincolne,
and Bathe: ſir William Fitz William treasurer of the kings
houſe, ſir William Pawlet Comptroller, ſir William King-
stone Capitaine of the Guarde, ſir Iohn Page, ſir James Bo-
leine, ſir Anthony Browne, ſir Edward Neuell, ſir Thomas
Cheyney, ſir Iohn Ruffell, ſir Richard Page, ſir Ralph Elder-
care, ſir Edward Baynton, ſir Edwarde Santener, ſir Griffyth
Deene, ſir Iohn Dudley, ſir Iohn Fener, ſir Henry Long, ſir

Antho-

Sis Thomas
Moore.

Lorde Audley
made Lorde
Chauncelour.

Coyners and
Clyppers execu-
ted.

Christes Church
ſuppreſſed.

Marchioness
of Penbrooke.

Henrie the eyght.

Anthony Hungerforde, *sir* Iohn Brudges, *sir* Arthur Hopto,
*sir* Anthony Wingfielde, *sir* William Pafton, *sir* Edmonde
Bedingfielde, *sir* Thomas Strange, *sir* William Hawte, *sir* Ed-
warde Wotton, *sir* William Askewe, *sir* Iohn Marleant, *sir*
William Barington, *sir* William Efsex, *sir* Giles Strangweis,
*sir* Edwarde Chamberlaine, *sir* Giles Caple, *sir* Iohn Sent-
Iohn, *sir* Walter Hungerforde, *sir* William Gafcoine, *sir* Lio-
nel Norrice, *sir* Edwarde Boloine, *sir* Thomas Lifle, *sir* Iohn
Afton, *sir* Thomas Palmer, *sir* William Boloine, *sir* Willi-
am Finche, *sir* William Pellam, *sir* Thomas Rotherham, *sir*
Iohn Norton, *sir* Richarde Sandes, *sir* Iohn Neuell, and *thyz-
tie Esquiers, with manpe Gentlemen, and all thep3
fraines.

The towne of Calleis had at thys season rriuy. C. beddes,
and stabling soz two thousande hozles, besides the Villages
about.

The rry. of October, King Henrie rode towarde Boloigne,
and was by the way at Sandingfielde mette by the Frenche
King, and many Nobles of France, who rode al to Boloigne,
and were there lodged.

On the rrb. of October King Henrie returned againe to
Calleis, accompanied with the Frenche King, the King of
Nauarre, the Cardinall of Loraine, and many other Dukes,
Bychoppes and great estates of Fraunce, Gafcoine, Brytaine,
and Normandie: And the rryuy. of October, Byng Henrie
made the King of Nauarre Knight of the Carter : and the
nerte dave the Frenche King with the King of Nauarre, and
all the greate Lozdes of Fraunce, rode againe to Boloigne, and
King Henrie of Englande rode wyth them to Sandingfielde,
where he made to the Frenche King a costlye banquet, and
there the thzée Kings departed like louing bziehzen in great
amitie: z the rriuy. of Pouseber King Henrie landed at Douer.

Richard Reynold: Nicholas Pinchon, the 28. of September. *Sherifes.*
Iohn Martin Butcher.

Sir Stephen Pecocke Haberdasher, the 28. of October. *Maiors.*
Byng Henrie kepte hys Chzittmaffe at Greenewiche, and
after

982

Henrie the eyght.

after Christmasse fir Thomas Audeley, Lord Riper of the
great Seale, was made Lord Chauncelor of England, and
then beganne a Parliament, in the whiche it was enacted,
that no person shoulde appeale so anye cause oute of this
Realme, to the Court of Rome: and also, that Quene Ka-
therine shoulde from thenceforth be no more called Quene,
but Princesse Dowager of Prince Arthur.

1533

Annoreg. 25

The twelfth of Aprill being Easter euen, the Ladye
Anne Bolleine, who hadde bénne primarily married to Lyng
Henrie, wente to hir Closet openly as Quene, and was
proclaymed Quene of Englande.

The fire and twentith of Aprill, Arthure Plantagenet
sonne illegitime of Lyng Edwarde the fourth, was created
Viscount Lisle at Bridewell.

The twelfth of May Pauier, towne Clearke of London,
hung himselse.

The Kings highnesse addresse his letters to the Maior
and Communaltie of London, signifying vnto them, that
his pleasure was to Solemnize the Coronation of his moſt
deare and welbeloued wife Quene Anne at Westminſter on
Whitsontay next ensuing, willing them to make preparation
as well to fetche hir Grace from Greenewiche to the
Tower by water, as to see the Citie garniſhed wyth Page-
ant in places accustomed, for the honoſ of hir Grace, when
Chée shoulde be conueped from the Tower to Westminſter.
Wherebopon a common Counſell was called, and com-
maundement gyuen to the Haberdathers, of whiche Craft
the Maior was, that they shoulde prepare a Barge for the
Bachelers, wyth a Wafter, and a Foyſte, garniſhed wyth
Banners, lyke as they vſe when the Maior is presented at
Westminſter, on the moſt vſe after the feast of Saint Simon
of Lude. Also all other Craftes were commaunded to prepare
Barges, and to garniſe them, not onely with their Ban-
ners accustomed, but also to decke them with Tar-
gets by the sides of the Barges, and to sette vppe all ſuche
ſtemely Banners and Bannerets, as they hadde in their
Halls,

Henrie the eyght.

Halles, oz coulde get to furnithe thep layde Barges, and every Barge to have Pinstrels, according to whych com- maundement greate preparation was made for all thyngs necessary for such a noble triumph.

The nine and twentith dape of May bœing Thursday, the Maioz and his brithen all in Scarlet, and such as were Knightes hadde collars of Elles, and the residue hauing greate Chaines, and the Counsell of the Citie assembled with them at Saint Marie hill. And at one of the clocke del- cended to the newe keire to their Barge, whych was gar- nished with manye godly banners and streamers and rich- ly couered, in whiche Barge was Shalmes, Shagebushes, and dyuers other Instruments of Musick, whiche played continually.

After that the Maioz and hys brithen were in their barge, seeing, that the companies to the number of sixtie barges were readye to waite upon them, they gane com- maundement to the companies, that no barge should rowe nearer to another, than twice the length of the barge, and to see the order kepte, there were three Whirries prepared, and in every one of them two officers to call on them to keepe their order.

After whych commaundement giuen, they set forth in order, as hereafter is described. Firste, before the Maiozs Barge was a Foiste, for a wakcr full of Ordinaunce, in whyche Foistre was a greate redde Dragon continually moving and casting wilde fire, and rounde aboute the layde Foistre kode terrible monstrous and wild men casting fire, and making hideous noise: nerte after the foistre a good di- staunce came the Maiozs Barge : on whose righte hande was the Bachelers Barge, in the whych were Trum- pettes, and dyuers other melodious Instruments : the decks of the layde Barge and faile yards and the toppe Caffelles were hanged wyth ryche cloth of Golde and Sylke : at the Foze-Shippe and the Sterne were two

greate

908

Henry the eyght.

greate banners ryche beaten wyth the armes of the King
and the Quænes: and on the toppe casset also was a long
streamer newly beaten with the latde armes: the sides of
the Barge was sette full of Flagges and Banners of the
deuices of the companies of Haberdashers and Merchaut
Aduenturers, and the latterers of cordes were hanged
wyth innumerable Penselles, hauing lyttle Belles at
the endes, whyche made a godlye noyse, and was a
godlye lighte, wauering with the winde: on the out side of
the barge were thre dozen Scutcheons in mektall, of the
Armes of the Lyng and Quæne whiche were beaten bypon
square Buckeram deuided, so that the righte side hadde the
Kings colours, and the lefte side the Quænes, whyche
Scutcheons were faltened on the clothes of Golde and fil-
uer, hanging on the deckes: on the lefte hand of the Daiot
was an other Foylle, in the whyche was a mounte, and
on the mounte clode a white Faulcon crowned bypon a
rowte of Golde, enuironed wyth white Roses and redde,
whyche was the Quænes deuice: aboute whyche mounte
sate Virgins singing and playing melodiouslye: first after
the Daiot followed hys Felowchippe the Haberdathers:
nerte after them the Mercers: then the Grocers, and so
euerpe company in hys order, and laste of all the Daiot s
Sheriffes officers, euery company hauing melodie in their
Barge by them selues, and godly garnished wyth Ban-
ners, and some couered wyth Sylke, and some wyth Ar-
ras of suche like, which was a godly light so beholde: and
in thys order they rowed by Greenewiche to the pointe be-
ponde Greenewiche, and there they turned backward in an
other order, that is to wætes, the Daiot s and Sheriffs of
ficers fircke, and the meanest Crafte nerte, and so alten-
cendyng to the uppermolke Craffe in order, and the Daiot
lasse, as thy goe to Paules at Christmaffe, and in that or-
der they rowed downe warde to Greenewiche towne, and
there

Henric the eygt.

there esse anker, makyng greate melodie. At thée of
the clocke, the Quæne apparelled in riche cloth of Golde,
entred into hir Barge, accompanped wyth dyuers Ladpes
and Gentlewomen, and incontinent the Citizens set foz-
ward in their ozer, thep Pinkrels continually playing:
and þ Wachelers barge going on the Quænes right hand,
whyche thée toke greate pleasure to beholde. Aboute the
Quænes barge were manye noble menne, as the Duke of
Suffolke, the Marques Dorcet, the Earle of Wiltshire hir fa-
ther, the Earles of Arundale, Darby, Rutland, Worcester, Hun-
tington, Sussex, Oxforde, and manp Bychops and Noble men,
euerpe one in hys Barge, whyche was a goodly sight to be-
holde: thée thus being accompanied rowed towardes the
Tower: and in the meane waye the Shippes whyche were
commanded to lye on the thoare foz letting of the Barges,
thotte dyuers peales of Gunnes, and ere the landed, there
was a maruellous thotte out of the Tower, I neuer hearde
the like: and at hir landing, there mette wyth hir the Lozd
Chamberlatne with the officers of Armes, and brought hir
to the King, whych receyued hir with louing countenance
at the Pofferne by the water side, and killed hir, and then
thée turned backe agayne, and thanked the Payoz and the
Citizens wyth manpe goodly wozdes, and so entred into
the Tower.

After whyche entrie the Citizens all this while houe-
red befoze the Tower, makyng greate melodie, & went not a-
lande, foz none were asigned to lande but the Maioz, the
Recozder, and two Aldermen: but to speake of the people
that kwood on euerpe thoare to beholde this sighte, hée that
sawe it not will not beléeue it.

On Friday at dinner serued the King all suche as were
appoynted by hys Highenesse to be Knights of the Bathe,
whiche after dinner were brought to their Chambers, and
that nighte were bathed, and thriuen according to the olde

Rqa LII. ff.

blage

Henrie the eyght.

Conduife in Cheape, where the Aldermen knode, and on the
other side of the Krète knode the Coneskables of the citie, ap-
parelled in Veluet and Silke wyth greate knaues in their
handes, to cause the people to giue roune, and keepe god
order: and when the Krètes were somewhat odered, the
Mayor in a gowne of Crimofin veluet, and a riche collar
of Oles, with two fotemen clothed in white and red da-
malke, rode to the Tower, to giue hys attendaunce on the
Quène, on whome the Sherifes with their officers did a-
waite till they came to the Tower hill, where they taking
their leane rode downe the high Krètes, commaunding the
Coneskables to see roune and god order kept, and so wente
and knode by the Aldermen in Cheape, and before the Quean
with hir traine should come, Grace-freete and Cornehill were
hanged with fine Scarlet, Crimofin, and other grayned
clothes, and in some places with riche Arras, and the
moſte part of Cheape was hanged with cloth of Tisſhew,
Golde, Veluet, and many riche hangings, whyche made
a godlye ſhewe, and all the windows, were replenifhed
with Ladies and Gentlen women, to beholde the Quène
and hir traine, as they houlde passe by. The firſte of the
Quènes company that ſette forwarde, were twelue French
men belonging to the Frenche Emballadoure, clothed in
coates of blewe Veluet, wyth ſlèues of yellow and blew
Veluet, their hozes trapped with close trappers of blewe
ſarſenet powdred with white Crotſes: After them marched
Gentlemen, Esquiers, Knights, two and two: after them
the J udges: after them the Knights of the Bathe in violet
gownes with hoods purſed with Piniuer, like Doctozs:
after them Abbots: then Barons: after them Wишoppes:
the Earles and the Marquelles: then the Loode Chance-
loure of Englande: after hym, the Archebyshoppe of Torke,
and the Emballadoure of Venice: after them the Arche-
byshoppe of Caunterburie, and the Emballadour of Fraunce:
after rode two Esquyers of honoſ wyth robes of eſtate

LII. Gqq rolled

912

Henrie the eyght.

rolled and wozne Bauldzike-wife aboute their neckes,
wyth Cappes of effate, representing the Dukes of Nor-
mandie and Aquitaine: after them rode the Mayez of Lon-
don wyth hys Pace, and Garter in hys Coate of Armes,
whyche bare also hys Pace of Westminster hall: after them
rode the Lozde Wyllyam Howarde wyth the Marshalls rod
deputy to hys brother the Duke of Norffolke, Marshall of
Englande, whyche was Embassadoure then in Fraunce, and
on hys righte hande rode Charles Duke of Suffolk for that
daye highe Conestable of Englande, bearing the warder of
siluer appertapning to the office of Conestablechippe, and
all the Lozdes for the molle parte were clothed in Crimo-
sin Veluet, and all the Quènes seruauntes of officers of
Armes in Scarlet:nert befoze the Quène rode hir Chance
loz bare headed: the Sergeaunts and Officers at Armes
rode on both the sides of the Lozds: then came the Quène
in a white Litter of white cloth of Golde, not covered noz
bailled, whyche was ledde by two Palfreys clad in white
Damaske downe to the grounde, heade and all, ledde by
hir fotemen: Thè hadde on a Kertle of white cloth of
Tisne, and a Pantle of the same furred wyth Ermpn, hir
haire hangyng downe: but on hir heade, Thè hadde a coyfe
wyth a Circlet aboute it full of ryche stones: ouer hir
was bozne a Canapie of Cloth of Golde wyth foure
guylte Itaues, and foure siluer Belles: for bearyng
of the whyche Canapie, were appoynted fixetène Kniv-
ghtes, foure to beare it one space on fotte, and foure an
other space, according to their owne appoyntment:
nerte after the Quène rode the Lozde Browghe hir
Chamberlapne: nerte after him Wyllyam Coffim, ma-
ker of hir hozes, leading a spare hozse wyth a lyde Had-
dell, trapped downe wyth cloth of Tislewe: after hym
rode seauen Ladies in Crimolin Veluet, turned wypp
wyth Cloth of Golde and of Tislewe, and theyp hoz-
les.

les

Henrie the eyght.

les trapped wyth Golde: after them two Chariots co-
uered wyth redde cloth of Golde, in the firste Chariote
were two Ladies, whyche were the olde Dutcheſſe of
Norffolke, and the olde Marchionelle of Dorcet: in the
ſeconde Chariot were ſoure Ladypes all in Crimofin
Tueluet: after them rode ſeauen Ladypes in the fame ſute,
their hozſes trapped and all: after them came the thypſe
Charyot all in white, wyth ſyre Ladypes in Crimofin
Tueluet: nerte to them came the fourth Chariot all red
with eyghte Ladypes also in Crimofin: after whome fol-
lowed thirtie Gentlewomen all in Tueluet and Splke, in
the Lyuerie of their Ladypes, on whome they gaue theyz
attendaunce: after them followed the Guarde in coates
of Goldeſmyths woſke, in whyche order they rode forthe
tyll they came to Fan-churche, where was made a Page-
aunt, all of children apparelled like Merchantes, whyche
welcomed hir to the Citie, wyth two proper p[ro]opoliti-
ons bothe in Frenche and in Englishe: and from thence
the rode vnto Grace Churche corner, where was a colſ-
lpe and maruellous cunning Pageaunt made by the
Merchants of the Stiliarde, therein was the mounte Per-
nafus wyth the fountaine of Helicon, whyche was of white
Marble, and ſoure ſtreames wythoute p[yp]e dydde ryp[e] an
Ell hyghe and mette togypther in a little cuppe aboue the
fountaine, whych fountaine ranne abundantly with rackte
Repnithe Waine till night, on the mountaine ſate Apol-
lo, and at hys ſæte ſate Caliope: and on euerp ſide of
the Mountayne ſate ſoure Hules playing on ſeuerall
ſwæte Inſtrumentes, and at theyz ſæte Epigrammes
and P[oe]ſes were w[ri]tten in golden Letters, in the
whyche euerpe M[us]e according to hir p[ri]opertie p[ra]ised the
Quene.

From thence the Quene wyth hir traine passed to
Leaden hall, where was a godly Pageaunte with a tipe
Lilliiſt. Rqq
and

914

Henrie the eyght.

and heauenly Rose, and under the tippe was a godly rote
of Golde, sette on a little mountaine environed wyth red
Roses and white, oute of the typpe came downe a Faulcon
all whyte, and sette oppon the rote, and incontinent came
downe an Angel wyth greate melodie, and sette a close
Crowne of Gold on the Faulcons head: and in the same
Pageant late Saint Anne wyth all hir issue beneath hir:
and under Mary Cleophe late hir foure children, of the
whiche chyldren, one made a godlye Dzation to the Quean
of the fruitefulnesse of Saint Anne, and of hir generation,
trusting, that lyke fuite Thoulde come of hir. Then thée
palled to the Conduite in Cornhill, where were the threes
Graces sette in a Throne, afoze Whome was the sping
of Grace, continually running wine: afoze the fountaine
late a Post, declaring the ptopertie of euery Grace, that
done, euery Lady by hir selfe according to hir ptopertie, gaue
to the Quæne a Seuerall gifte of Grace.

That done, the palled by the greate Conduite in Cheape,
whiche was newly painted wyth armes and deuifes, out
of the whiche Conduite, by a godlye fountaine sette at the
ende, ranne continually Wine both white and Claret all
that afternone: and so the rode to the Standarde, whyche
was richely painted with Images of Kings and Quènes,
and hanged with banners of Armes, and in the toppe was
marvellous Swæte harmony bothe of Songs and Instru-
ments.

Then the wente forwarde by the Crosse, whyche was
newly guilte, till the came where the Aldermen stode,
and then Paister Baker the Recorder, came to hir wyth
lowe reuerence, making a proper and hzieke proposition,
and gaue to hir, in the name of the Citie, a thousand Park
in Golde in a purse of Golde, whyche thée thankefull ye
accepted wyth manye god wordes, and so rode to the little
Conduite, where was a riche Pageaunt full of melody
and Songs, in whyche Pageaunte were Pallas, Juno,
and

Henry the eyght.

and Venus, and afore them скode Mercurie, whiche in the
name of the thre Goddesse, gaue to hir a Ball of Gold de-
ided in thre, signifying thre giftes which these thre God-
desse gaue to hir, that is to say, Wisedom, Riches, and Fe-
licitie.

As the entred into Pawles Gate, there was a prettie
Pageant, in which late thre Ladies richly clothed, and in
a circle on their head was written *Regina Anna, prospers, pro-
cedere, and raigne.* The Lady in the midst had a Tablet, in
the which was written *Veni amica, coronaberis,* and under the
Table late an Angell with a close Crowne. And the Lady
fitting on the right hand had a Tablet of Siluer, in whiche
was written *Domine dirige greffus meos.* And the third Lady
had a Tablet of Gold, with letters of Azure written *Confido*
in domino, and under their feete was written

*Regina Anna paris regis de languine natam,
Et paries populis aurea secla tuis.*

And these Ladies cast downe Wafers, on the which the
sayd two Vlerses were written.

From thence, the passed to the East end of Pawles
Church against the Schole, where скode a Scaffoldde, and
Children well apparelled, which sayde to hir diuers godly
Vlerses of Poets translated into English, to the hono of
the King and hir, which the highly commended. And then
the came to Ludgate, whiche Gate was new garnished
with Gold and Biste, and on the Leades of Saint Martins
Church скode a godly Quære of singing men and children,
which sang new Ballets made in playse of hir grace.

After that the was past Ludgate, the proceded forward
Fléterkréts, where the Conduite was newly paynted, and
all the Armes and angles refreched, and the Shalmes me-
lodiously founding. Upon the Conduite was made a To-
wer with koure turrets, and in euery turret скode one of the
cardinall vertues with their tokens and properties, which
had several speaches, promising the Quære neuer to leaue
hir, but to be ayding and comfozing hir : and in the midst of

LII. B. Cqq. the

916

Henrie the eyght.

the Tower closely was such feuerall solemne instruments,
that it seemed to be a heauenly noyse, and was much regar-
ded and prapped, and besides this, the Conduite ran Waine,
claret and redde all the after none, so she with all hir com-
pany, and the Maioz, rode forth to Temple Barre, which
was newly paynted and repaired, where soode also divers
singing men and Children, till she came to Westminster
Hall, whiche was richly hanged with cloth of Arras, and
newly glased, and in the midst of the Hall she was taken
out of hir Litter, and so ledde up to the high Deske under
the cloth of estate, on whose left hande was a Cupbood of
tenne clages high maruellous riche and beautifull to be-
holde, and within a little season was broughte to the
Quène with a solemne seruice in greate standing spie
plates, a vopde of spie, and sutteltyes, with Apocrate, and
other Wynes, whyche the sente downe to hir Ladyes, and
when the Ladyes had dzunke, the gaue harty thankes to
the Lonzes and Ladyes, and to the Maioz, and other that
had giuen their attendance on hir, and so withdew hir
selke with a fewe Ladyes, to the White Hall, and so to hir
Chamber, and there whifted hir, and after wente in hir
Barge secretely to the King to his Manour of Westminster,
where she refsted that night.

On Whitsonday, the first of June, the Maioz cladde in
Crimson Veluet, with his coller, and all the Aldermen
and Sheriffes in Skarlet, and the Counsell of the Citie,
toke their Barge at the Crane by Seauen of the clocke, and
came to Westminster, where they were welcomed, and
brought into the Hall by Payster Treasurer, and other of
the Kings house, and so gaue their attendance, till the
Quène shoulde come forth: betweene eyght and nine of the
Clocke she came into the Hall, and soode under the cloth
of estate, and then came in the Kings Chappell, and the
Monkes of Westminster, all in riche Coapes, and manye
Bilhops and Abbots in Coapes and Miters, which went
into

Coronation of
Queene Anne.

Henry the eyght.

into the midk of the Hall, and there kode a season, then
was there a rap cloath spread from the Quænes landing
in the Hall, through the Pallace and Sanctuarie, whiche
was rapled on both sides, to the high Altare of Westminster,
after that the rap cloth was calt, the Officers of Armes ap-
poynted the order accultomed. First went Gentlemen, then
Esquires, then Knightes, then Aldermen of London in
their Cloakes of Scarlet, calt ouer their Cownes of Scar-
let. After them, the Judges in their Mantles of Scarlet,
and Copkes: then followed the Knightes of the Bath, bée-
ing no Lozdes, euery man hauing a white lace on his left
flèue: then followed Barons and Tlicountes in their Par-
liament Roabes of Scarlet: after them, came Carles, Mar-
quelles, and Dukes in their Roabes of Eustate, of Crimson
Aeluet, furred with Ermin, poudered accozding to theyz
degrees. After them, came the Lozd Chancelloz in a Roabe
of Scarlet, open besoze, bozdered with Lettice. After hym,
came the Kings Chappell, and the Monkes solemnely sin-
ging, with procession. Then came Abbots and Bishops
mitered, then Sergeants and Officers of Armes, then the
Haioz of London with his Pace, and Carter in his Coate
of Armes, then the Marquesse Dorcet in hys Roabe of E-
ustate, which bare the Scepter of Gold, and the Earle of A-
rundell, which bare the rodde of Juozie with the Doue both
togither, then alone the Earle of Oxford, high Chamber-
layne of England, which bare the Crowne. After him, the
Duke of Suffolk in his Roabe of Eustate, foz that day being
high Steward of England, hauing a long white rodde in hys
hande, and the Lozde William Haward with the rodde of
the Marshalship, and euery Knight of the Carter had on
his coller of the order. Then procæded kozth the Quæne
in a Circote and Roabe of purple Aeluet, furred with Cr-
mine in hir heare, copke, and circlet, as the had the Sater-
day, and ouer hir was bozne the Canapie, by soure of the
Cinque Pozles, all in Chzimson, with points of blew & red
hanging.

918

Henry the eyght.

hanging on their flèues, and the Bishops of London and
Winchester bare vp the lappes of the Queenes robe, and hir
trapne which was very long, was boze by the old Duches
of Norfolkke. After hir, followed Ladyes being Lords wines,
which had circotes of Scarlet, with narrow flèues, the bezet
all Letice, with barres of powders according to their de-
grèes, and ouer that, they had mantels of Scarlet furred,
and euery mantel had Letice about the necke like a necher-
cheke, likewise poudered, so that by the pouderings, thep
degrèes might be knowne. Then followed Ladyes being
Knightes wines, in gownes of Scarlet, with narrowe
flèues without trapnes, only edged with Lettice, likewife
had all the Queenes Gentlewomen.

When the was thus brought to the high place made in
the midft of the Church betwæne the Quære and the high
Altare, the was set in a rich Chaire, and after that the had
rested a while, the descended downe to the high Altare, and
there ptostrated hirselfe, while the Bishop of Canterbury
sayd certayne Collects ouer hir. Then the rose, and the Bi-
shop annoynted hir on the head and on the bezet, and then
the was led vp agayne to hir Chaire, where after divers o-
trisons sayd, the Archbishop set the Crowne of Saint Edward
on hir head, and then delivere d hir the Scepter of golde in
hir right hand, and the rodde of Puozp with the Done in^
left hand, and then all the Quære song Te Deum &c. which
done, the Bishop toke off the Crowne of Saint Edward be-
ing heauie, and set on hir head the Crowne made for hir,
and so went to maffe, and when the offering was begonne,
the descended downe and offered being crowned, and so al-
cended vp agayne and fate in hir Chaire till Agnes, and
then the wente downe, and knæled besoze the high Alter,
where the recepued of the Archbishop the holy Sacrament,
and then went vp to the place agayne. After that Masse was
done, the went to Saint Edwards Shzine, and there offered.
After whiche offering done, the withdrezwe hir into a little
place made for that purpose on the one side of the Quære:

nolp

Henry the eygt.

now in the meane season euery Duchesse put on hir Bone
a coronell of Gold wozought with flowers, and euery Har-
chionesse put on a demy coronell of Gold, and euery Coun-
tesse a playne circle of Gold without flowers, and euery
King at Armes put on a Crowne of Copper and gilt, all
which were wozne till night.

When the Quène had a little reposèd hir, the company
returned in the same order that they set fo:zth, and Æ Quæne
went Crowned, and so did the Ladyes afozefapd: hir right
hand was sufteyned by the Earle of Wilshire hir father, and
hir left hand by the Lord Talbot, Deputie for the Earle of
Shrewburie, and Lord Furniuall his Father: and when the
was out of the Sanctuary within the Pallace, the Trum-
pets playde maruellous freshlie, and so they was brought to
Westminster Hall, and so to hir withdrawing Chamber, du-
ring which time, the Lords, Judges, Daioz and Aldermen,
put off their robes, mantles, and clokes, and t wake theyz
whodes from their neckes, and caft them about their shoul-
ders, and the Lo:dzs fate onely in their Circotes, and the
Judges and Aldermen in their Gownes, and all the Lo:dzs
that served that day, served in their Circotes, and their
whodes about their shoulders. Also, diuers officers of the
Kings house being no Lo:dzs, had Circotes and whodes
of Scarlet, edged with Piniuer, as Treasurer, Comptrol-
ler, and Papler of the Jewell house, but their Circotes
were not gilt.

White the Quène was in hir Chamber, euery Lo:dz de
and other that ought to do seruice at the Coronation, did
p:pare them according to their dutie, as the Duke of Su:ffolke,
high Steward of England, which was richly apparel-
led, his Doblet and Jacket set with o:zient Pearle, hys
Gowne Chzimson Veluet embzothered, his Courser trap-
ped with a close trapper, head and all to the ground of
Chzimson Veluet, set full of letters of Gold of Goldsmiths
wo:ke, hauing a long white rodde in his hand. On his left
hand rode the Lord William, Deputie for his h:other, as

Earle

The setting at
dinner of Qu-
Anne.

920

Henry the eyght.

Earle Marshall with the Marshals rodde, whose Golwte
was Chaimson, Velvet, and hys Horlle trapper purple Vel-
vet, cut on white Sattin, embrothered with white Lions.
The Earle of Oxford was high Chamberlayne, the Earle
of Essex Caruer, the Earle of Sussex Sewer, the Earle of
Arundell chiefe Butler, on whome, twelue Citizens of Lon-
don did give theyr attendance at the Cupbord : the Earle of
Darby Cupbearer, the Aicount Lille Panter, the Loode
Burgeyny chiefe Larder, the Loode Bray Almoner for him
and hys copartners, and the Maioz of Oxforde kepe the
Buttrey barre, and Thomas Wyat was chosen Ewerer for
Sir Henry Wyat hys Father. When all thyngs was rea-
dye and ordered, the Quene under hir Canappe came in
to the Hall and walhed, and fate downe in the middell
of the Table under hir cloath of Estate. On the right
syde of hyn Chayre, fode the Countesse of Oxforde Wil-
dowe, and on hyn lefte hande fode the Countesse of
Worcester all the dynner season, whyche dyuers tymes
in the dynner tyme dyd holde a spne cloath before the
Quænes face when the lift to Spitte, or do otherwise at
hir pleasure: and at the Tables ende fate the Archbifhop
of Canterbury on the right hande of the Quene, and in
the middell, betwæne the Archbifhop and the Coun-
tesse of Oxforde, fode the Earle of Oxforde, with a white
kaffe all dynner tyme, and at the Quænes fæte under
the Table fate two Centlewomen all Dinner tyme.
When all these thyngs were thus ordered, came in the
Duke of Suffolk, and the Loode William Howarde on
Horllebacke, and the Serjeants of Armes before them,
and after them the Sewer, and then the Knightes of the
Bath, bringing in the firſt course, which was eyght and
twentie diſhes, beside ſutelties, and Shippes made of
Ware, maruellous gorgeous to beholde, all whych time
of ſeruice, the Trumpettes standing in the windowe, at
the neather ende of the Hall played. When the was
ſerued of two diſhes, then the Archbifhops ſeruice was
ſet

Henry the eyght.

set downe, whose Sewer came equall with the thirde
dich of the Quænes seruice on his left hande. After that
the Quæne and the Archbishop were serued, the Barons
of the Poztes beganne the Table on the right hande next
the wall, then at the Table sate the Papsters and Clearks
of the Chancerie, and beneath them other Doctozs and
Gentlemen. The Table next the wall on the left hand
by the Cupboozd, was begonne by the Maioz and Aldermen,
the Chamberlayne, and Counsell of the Citie of London,
and beneath them sate subſtantiall Merchantes, and so
downeward other Worshipfull persons. At the Table on
the right hand in the midſt of the Hall sate the Lord Chan-
celloz, and other Tempozall Lozdes: on the right ſide of
the Table in their Circotes, and on the left ſide of the ſame
Table sate Bishoppes and Abbots in their Parliamente
Roabes: beneath them, sate the Judges, Serieants, and the
Kings Counſell: beneath them, the Knightes of the Bathe.
At the Table on the left hand in the middle part, sate Dut-
cheses, Marqueſes, Countes, Baronesses in their Roabes,
and other Ladyles in Circotes, and Gentlewomen in
Gownes, all whiche Gentlewomen and Ladyles sate on
the lefte ſide of the Table along, and none on the righte
ſide, and when all were thus set, they were incontinent ser-
ued so quickly, that it was maruellous, foz the seruitozs
gane so good attendance, that meate, noz drinke, noz anye
thing else needed to be called foz, which in so great a multi-
tude was maruell. As touching the fare, there could be de-
uſed no more costly diſhes, noz ſuttelties. The Maioz of
London was serued with foure and thirtie diſhes at two
courses, and so were all hys bræthren, and ſuche as sate
at hys Table. The Quæne had at hir ſeconde course foure
and twentye diſhes, and thirtie at the thirde course, and
betwæne the laſt courses, the Kings of Armes Crowned,
and other Officers of Armes cryed Larges in threæ partes
of the Hall, and after stode in theyz place, whiche was in
the bekens of the Kings bench: and on the right hand out of

the

922

Henrie the eyght.

the Cloyfer of Saint Stephens Chappell was made a little
closet, in which, the King with diuers Embassadoes came
to beholde the seruice, the Duke of Suffolke, and the Loode
William, rode oftentimes about þ Hal, chéering the Lords,
Ladyes, & Maiors, & his hzethen. After they in the Hall had
dined, they had Wakers and Jpocrase, and then they was
then, and were commanded to rive and stand still in the wy
places befoze the tables oz on the formes till the Quene
had wathed. When the had taken Wakers and Jpocrase,
the Table was taken vp, and the Earle of Rutland wought
by the surnape, and layde it at the wozdes ende, which into-
mediatly was dzalne and caſt by Mayſker Reade, Marſhal
of the Hall, and the Quene wathed, and after the Archib
hop, and after, the surnape was with dzalne: then the role,
and ſtode in the midſt of the hall place, to whome, the
Earle of Suffex in a goodly ſpice Plate, wrought a boyde of
ſpice and cōſections. After him, the Maior of London wrought
a standing cuppe of Gold, set in a cuppe of Assay of Golde,
and after that the had dzunke, the gaue the Maior the cuppe,
with the cuppe of Assay, bycauſe there was no couer, accor-
ding to the clayne of the Citie, thanking him and all his
hzæthen of their payne. Then the vnder hir Canapie de-
parted to hir Chamber, and at the entrie of hir Chamber,
the gaue the Canapie with belles and all to the Barons of
the Poztes according to their clayne, with great thankes:
then the Maior of London bearing his cuppe in his hande,
with his hzæthen, went through the Hall to their Barge,
and so did all other Noblemen and Gentlemen, for it was
ſire of the Clocke.

On Mondaye, were the Jſſkes at the Tilt before the
Kings Gate, where the Maior and his hzæthen had a good-
ly standing, but there were few Speares broken, by reaſon
the Hozſſes would not coape.

On Wednesday, the King sente for the Maior and his
hzæthen to Westminſter, and there he himſelſe gaue unto
them hartie thankes, with many goodly words.

B1

Jſking.

Henrie the eyght.

999

On Midsummer even deceaſed Mary the French Quæn,
sitter to King Henrie the eyghte, and wife to Charles Duke
of Suffolke, and she was buryed at Saint Edmondſourie.

Mary King
Henries sister
deceased.

The fifth of July, Quæne Katherine was p[ro]claymed
Prince Arthures widowe.

The ſeauenth of July two Merchants were murthered
on the Thamis by one Woolſe and his wife.

It was this peare enacted, that Butchers shoulde ſell
their B[ee]ſe and H[utton] by waſhte: B[ee]ſe ſoz a halſe pennyp
the pounde, and H[utton] ſoz th[ar]ce farthings, whyche beving
deuſed ſoz the greate commoditie of the realme, (as it was
thought) hath p[rou]ed farre otherwise, ſoz at that time ſatte
Dren were ſolde ſoz fire and twentie thillings and eighte
pence the p[ee]ce, ſatte W[ea]thers ſoz th[ar]ce thillings and four
pence the p[ee]ce, ſatte Calues of the lyke p[ri]ce, a ſatte Lamb
ſoz twelue pence. The Butchers of London ſolde p[en]yp p[ee]
ces of B[ee]ſe ſoz the rel[ee]ſe of the p[oo]e, euery p[ee]ce two pound
and a halſe, sometime th[ar]ce pound ſoz a p[en]p: and th[ir]t[ee]ne,
sometyme fourt[ee]ne of theſe p[ee]ces ſoz twelue pence: H[ut]
ton eight pence the quarter, and an hund[red] waight of b[ee]ſe
ſoz ſoure thillings and eight pence: what p[ri]ce it hathe gro[
]wen to ſince, it n[æ]deſh not to be ſette downe. At thys tyme
also, and not be[ſo]ze, were ſo[ur]aine Butchers permitted to
ſell their ſleſe in Leaden hall market of London.

Beeſe and Mut-
ton ſolde by
wightre.

The ſeauenth of September, being Sondaye, betw[ee]ne
th[ar]ce and ſoure of the clocke at afternoone, the Quæne was
delynered of a fay[er]e Lady, ſoz whose g[od] deliueraunce Te
Decum was ſung incontinently, and great p[re]paration was
made ſoz the Ch[ri]ſtning. The Paioz and his b[iz]eth[zen] and
ſo[ur]tie of the chieſe C[i]tizens were commaunded to be at the
Ch[ri]ſtning the Wednesday following: Upon whiche d[ave]
the Paioz fir Stephen Pecocke in a g[own] of Criminſon Uel-
uet, wyth his collar of C[elles], and al the Aldermen in Scar-
let with collars and chaines, and all the Counſell of the Ci-
tie with them toke their Bar[ge] at one of the clocke, and the
C[i]tizens had another Bar[ge], and ſo rowed to Greenewiche,

Byrth of Lady
Elizabeth and
hir chriſtning.

Rrr.
where

1000

Henrie the eyght.

where were manpe Lozdes knightes, and Gentlemen al
sembled : al the walles betwene the Kings palace and the
Friers, were hanged with Arras, and all the way krewed
with græne ruches. The Friers Church was also hanged
wyth riche Arras: the Font was of siluer, and stode in the
middelt of the Churche thre keppes highe, whiche was co-
uered with a fine cloth:and diuers Gentlemen with apzons
and towels aboute their neckes gaue attendance aboute it,
that no filth chould come to the font : ouer it hung a square
Canapie of Crimofin Sattin fringed with Golde, aboute it
was a raple couered with red Say betwene the Quere &
bodye of the Church was a close place with a panne of fyre
to make the childe ready in : when all these things were or-
dered, the childe was brought to the Hall,and then envere
man set foowarde : firste the Citizens two and two, then
Gentlemen, Esquiers, and Chaplaines, nexte after them
the Aldermen and the Maio alone, and nexte the Ringes
Councell, then the Kings Chappell in Coapes, then Ba-
rons, Bischoppes, Carles, the Earle of Eſſex bearing the co-
uered Basons guilte, after him the Marquſe of Exceſſer
with a Taper of Uirgin Waie, nexte him the Marquſe
Dercet bearing the Salte, behinde him the Ladpe Mary of
Norffolke, bearing the Crisome, whiche was verpe riche of
Pearle and Stone. The olde Dutcheſſe of Norffolke bare
the childe in a Pantle of purple Velvet wyth a long traine
furred wyth Ermin, The D. of Norffolke with his Parhals
rod went on the right hand of the said Dutches, the Duke
of Suffolke on the left hand, and before them went officers of
Armes, the Countelle of Kent bare the long traine of childe
Pantle, and meane betwene the childe & the Countelle of
Kent went the Earle of Wiltshire & the Earle of Darby on ey-
ther side, suppozing the said traine in the middelt: ouer the
child was bozne a rich Canapie by the Lozd Rochſorde, the
Lozd Huſſe, the Lozd William Howard, the Lozd Thomas
Howard the elder. After the child followed manpe Ladpes &
Gentlewomē. When the child was come to the Church doze,
the

Henrie the eyght.

the Bishop of London met it with diuers Bishops & Abbots
mptered, & began the obseruances of the Sacrament. The
Godfather was Lord Tho. Archbiphoppe of Canterbury, the
Godmothers were the olde Dutchelle of Norfolkke, & the olde
Marchionesse of Dorcet widows, and the childe was named
Elizabeth, and after that al things were done at the Church
doze, the child was broughte to the Font and Chrystened, &
that done, Garter chiese King of Armes cryed aloude, God
of hys infinite godnesse send p[ro]sperous life and long to the
highe & mightie Princesse of England Elizabeth, and then the
Trumpets blewe, then y child was brought up to y Aultar,
& the Gospel said oner it. After that immediatly the Arche-
bishop of Canterbury confirmed it, the Marchionesse of Ex-
cester being Godmother, then the Bishop of Canterbury gaue
unto the Princesse a standing Cuppe of Gold, the Dutchelle
of Norfolkke gaue to hir a standing Cuppe of Golde fretted
Wyth Pearle, & Marchionesse of Dorcet gaue 3. guilt bolles
pounſed, with a couer, & the Marchionesse of Exceſter gaue
3. standing boules grauen al guilt with a couer. Then was
brought in Wauſers, Conſeats, & Ipocrase, in ſuch plenty, &
euery man had as much as he would deſire: then they ſette
fozward & Trumpets afoze, going in the same order toward
the kings palace, as they did when they came thitherward,
ſauing that y gifts that y Godfather & Godmothers gaue,
were bozne before the child by 4. perſons, that is to ſay, firſt
ſir John Dudley bare the gift of the Lady of Exceſter, the L.
Thomas Howard the p[os]ger, bare the gift of the Lady Dorcet,
the Lord Fitz Walter bare the gifte of the Lady of Norfolkke,
and the Lo[z]de of Worcester bare the gifte of the Archeb[ish]op
of Canterbury: and al the one ſide (as they went) was full of
Kaffe-tozches, to the number of ſpue hundzeth bozne by the
Guarde, and other of the Kings ſeruantes: and aboute the
childe were manp[le] other p[ro]per] Tozches bozne by Gentlemen.
And in this order they brought the Princesse to the
Quéenes Chamber doze, and then departeo.

Krr.y.

The

Henrie the eyght.

1003

confuted his accusers, that to their great thame he was found not guiltie.

The eleauenth of August, was all the places of the Ds- Friers houles
fernant Friers, as Greenwich, Canterbury, Richmond, Newarke,
and Newcastell putte downe, and Austen Fryers set in their
places, and the Dsfernants were putte in places of the Grey
Fryers.

suppressed.

The fourteenth of August was a greate fire at Temple Bar
and certaine persons burned.

Fire at Temple
Barre.

The sixteenth of August, was burned the Kings Sta-
ble at Charing Cross called the Mewes, wherein was burned
many greate hozes, and greate close of Haye.

The Kings Sta-
ble brent.

The one and twentith of September, Doctorour Tay-
lor Hatter of the Rolles, was discharged of that office,
and Thomas Cromwell twozne in his place the ir. of Octo-
her.

Thomas Cromw-
well Master of
the Rolles.

The Earle of Kildare dyed pynsoner in the Tower of Lon-
don, and his sonne Thomas Fitz Garet rebelled in Irelande,
slew Doctorour Allen Bishop of Deneling, and toke the kings
Dedinanunce, wherefoze the King sente thither Sir William
Skeuington with a company of souldiours.

Nicolas Leueson: William Denham, the 28. of September.
Sir John Champneis Skinner, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.

Mavor.

The Popes au-
thoritie abroga-
ted.

In November, was held a Parliament at Westminister,
wherein the Pope with al his authoizitie was cleane banis-
shed this Realme, and order taken, that he should no more
be called Pope but Byshoppe of Rome, and the King to bee
reputed and taken as supzeame head of the Churche of Eng-
lande, hauing full authoizitie to refozme all errours, here-
sies and abuses of the same. Also the first fruits and tenths
of all spirituall dignities and promotions, were granted the
king, with a subsidy of the laity of twelue pence in ½ pound,
with a fiftieth and a tenth.

Firste fruits &
tenths giuen to
the King.

1535

Anno reg. 27

Charter house
Monkes.

The nine and twentith of Aprill, the Dzioz in the Char-
ter house at London, the Dzioz of Beuall, the Dzioz of Exham,
Reynoldes a brother of Ston, and John Haile Uicar of Thist le-

Rrr.ify.

worth,

Henry the eyghe.

1005

don.

In October the King sente Doctor Lee and other to visit the Abbeys, Priories and nunneries in Englande, who putte soth all religious persons that woulde goe, and all that were under the age of foure and twentie yeres, and closed uppe the refide that woulde remapne, and toke order, that no manne shoulde come to the houses of women, no women to the houses of menne, but onelpe to heare the theynseruice: all religious menne that departed, the Abbot of Pioz to gyue them so their habite a Priekes gowne, and so tie chryllings of mone: the Nunnes to haue luche apparell as Secular women weare, and to goe where they woulde. He toke out of Monasteries and Abbeys, they reliques and chiefest Jewels.

Abbeys' visited.

Humfrey Monmouth: John Cotes, the 28. of September.

Sherifes.

These Sheriffes in the beginning of their peare put away twelue Sergeants and twelue Yeomen, till they were soeed by a Courte of common Councell to take them againe.

Sir John Allen being one of the Kinges Councell, was at the Kings request, chosen Maior of London.

Maior.

This is for John Allen when he deceased in Anno 1544. and hadde beene twice Maior of London, and of Councell with the King, as is afoz es aide, he gaue to the Citie of London a riche collar of Golde, to be wozne by the Maior, whyche Collar was firste wozne by Sir William Laxton on Saint Edwards dape, to the election of the newe Maior, who gaue to every Warde in London twentie pounde to be distributed to the poze houisholders, besides to one hundreth and twentie persons, thze score men euerie of them a gowne of broad cloth, and a blacke cappe, and thze score women, to every of them a gowne of the like cloth, and a white kerchiefe.

Charitable deeds of Sir John Allen.

The eleauenth of November, was a great Pzocess ion at London of all the religious men, thze Bishoppes, and soure Abbots myftered, whyche was so iop the French King was recouered of his health.

Processions.

Arr. iiiy.

In

Henrie the eyght.

In the moneth of December, the names of all Chaucers were taken, and who had the gift of them.

The eighte of Januarie dyed Lady Katherine Dowager at Kimbalton, and was buried at Peterborowe.

The nine and twentith of January, Quene Anne was delivered of a child before his time, whych was bozne dead.

In a Parliament begonne in the moneth of Februarie, was grauned to the King and his heypes al religious houſes in the Realme of Englande, of the vale we of two hundred pound and vnder, with al lands & goods to them belonging: the number of these houſes thenSUPPRESSED, were 376, the value of their lands then 32000, pound, and more by pere, the mouable goods (as they were sold, Robin Hoods penniworths) 10000, pound, the religious were tourned oure to the worlde more than 10000.

On May dape was a great euking at Greeneviche, where were Chalengers, the Loſde Rocheford and other, and Deſendozs, Henrie Norice and other. From this Juffes King Henrie ſodainelp departed to Westminſter, hauing only with him ſire persons, of which ſodapne departure many menne maruelled.

On the nexte mozroowe, the Loſde Rocheford, bezother to the Quene, and Henrie Norice, were brought to the Tower of London p[r]z[o]ſoners. Alſo the ſame dape, aboute ſive of the clocke in the afterno[on], Quene Anne Bolleine was brought to the Tower of London, by ſir Thomas Audley Lo[u]d Chancellour, the Duke of Norſſolke, Thomas Cromwell Secretary, and ſir William Kingſton Conſkable of the Tower, and when he came to the Tower gate, entring in, the ſell on his knes before the ſaide Lo[u]d[es], beſeeching God to helpe him as thee was not guiltie of that where of the was accuſed, and then deſtred the ſaide Lo[u]d[es] to beſeeche the Kings Grace to be god unto him, and so they leſſe him there p[ri]ſoner.

On the rb. of Pap Quene Anne was arraigued in the
Tower of London on a Scaſſold for purpose made in the
Kings Hall, before the Duke of Norſſolke, who fale under the
Cloath

Cefate

1006

Names of
Chauceries.

Katherine Do-
vvager de cea-
ſed.

Aparliament.

Small houſes
suppressed.

1536

Annoreg. 28

Jaffes at Greene-
Avviche.

Henry the eyght.

as high Steward of England, with the Lord Chancellour on
his right hand, the Duke of Suffolk on his left hande, with
Marquelles and Lords, etc. and the Earle of Surrey late be-
foze the Duke of Norffolke his father, as Earle Marshall of
England. The Kings commission being redde, the Conne-
stable of the Tower, with the Lieutenant, brought the Quene
to the barre, where was made a Chaire for hir to sit downe
in, and there hir inditement was redde, wherunto she made
so wife and discrete answeres, that she seemed fully to clere
herselfe of all matters lapd to hir charge: but being tried by
hir Peeres, wherof the Duke of Suffolk was chiefe, she was
by them found giltie, and had iudgement pronounced by the
Duke of Norffolke: and immediatly, the Lord Rochford the
Quenes brother was likewise arraigned and condemned to
the Maior of London, his brootherne the Aldermen, the War-
dens, and four persons moe of every the twelue principall
companys being present. The r.v. of Pap, the Lozde
Rochford, brother to the Quene, Henry Norris, Marke Sme-
ton, William Brierton, and Francis Weston, all of the Kings
prinie Chamber, about matters touching the Quene,
were beheaded on the Tower hill, the Lord Rochfords body
with the head was buried in the Chappell of the Tower,
the other four in the Church-pard there. On the r.v. of Pap
Quene Anne was on a Scaffold (made for that purpose)
upon the greene within the Tower of London, beheaded with
the word of Caleis, by the hands of the hangman of that
Towne: hir body with the head was buried in the Quere
of the Chappell in the Tower.

The rr.of Pap, the King marryed Lady Lane, daughter
to Sir John Seymour Knight, which at Whitsontide was
openly chewed as Quene, and on Tuesday in the Whit-
son wcke, Sir Edward Seymour was treated Clicount
Beauchamp, and Sir Walter Hungerford made Lozde
Hungerford.

King Henry
married Lady
Lane.

The eyght of June beganne a Parliamente, and the
Cleargie held a Conuocation in Paules Churche, where

Arr.h. after.

Articles of Re-
ligion deuised
by the King.

Henry the eyghe.

1009

In the beginning of October, at a Sife for the Kings
Subsidie kept in Lincolneshire, the people made an infurre-
tion, and gathered nye twenty thousand persons, who toke
certayne Lords and Gentlemen of the Countrey, causing
them to be swozne to them upon certayne Articles whiche
they had deuised, and such as refused to swere, they kepte
prisoners, and beheaded a Prieſt, who was the Bishop of
Lincolnes Chancellour. Againſt that, the King did ſend the
Duke of Suffolke, the Earle of Shrewſurie, and the Earle of
Rutland, with a strong power, whereof when the Rebelles
heard, they deſired pardon, byake vp their armye, and de-
parted home, but their Captaſnes were apprehended and
executed.

Commutation in
Lincolneshire

Commutation
appeased.

The ir. of October, a Prieſt and a Butcher were hanged
at Windſore, for words speaking in the behalfe of the Lin-
colneſhiremen, a Butcher wighed good fellowes (as he tear-
med them) in Lincolneshire, to haue the ſlesh on his ſtall, ra-
ther than to ſell it at such price as he was offered: the Prieſt
ſtanding by, likewise wighed them to haue it, for he ſaid
they had neede of it.

A Prieſt and a
Butcher exécut-
ted.

The men of Lincolneshire being pacified, within five daies
after began an infurrection in Yorkeſhire for the same cau-
ses: there people gathered to the number of fourtie thousand,
who toke the Archbilhop of Yorke, and the Lord Darcy, and
caused them to be swozne to their partie.

Commutation in
Yorkeſhire.

Agaynſte that Rebelles, the Kyng ſente the Duke of
Norſfolke, the Duke of Suffolke, the Earle of Shrewſurie,
and the Marquſe of Exceſter wþth a greate Armpe,
wþth whome a Battaple was appoynted to haue bæne
ſoughte on the enen of Saint Simon and Iude, but as
God woulde, there ſell ſuche rayne the nighte before,
that the two Armpes could not meete, whereupon,
they deſyed the Duke of Northſolke to ſue vnto the
Kyngs Prieſtie for theyr pardon, and that they myghte
haue their liberties, etc. whyche the Duke p[ron]nſed, and
rode poſſe to the Kyng then lying at Windſore, to
know

Henry the eyght.

know his pleasure, and so appealed them. Sir Robert Aske,
that was chiefe of this Rebellion, came to London, and was
not only pardoned, but rewarded with great gifles.

Sir Ralph Euers kept Skarbrow Castel in the Noth, bing fire waknes beswaged by the Rebelles, twentye dapes whereof, he and all his companye (whiche were his onely friends seruants and tenants, and serued soz good will to him) were forced to sulkeyne themselves with bread and water, and yet kept the same safe to the end of the sayd Rebell ion, and so delivere d it to King Henry, who sente hym soone after to serue in the bozdures against Scotland, where in great credite he continued his seruice, keeping the Scottes without doing hurt to England, and with such obedience of them, as within twentie miles of the bozdures of Scotlande soze against him, there was not a Scotte but at his commandement, and so continued till he was killed in Anno 1545.

Robert Paget Mer. Taylor: William Bowyen, the 28.of Sc.
Sir Ralph Warreine Mercer, the 28.of October.

The riy. of November, Sir Thomas Newman Prieft, bare
a faggot at Pawles Crosse, for singing Masse with good ale.

The riy. of November, Mailfer Robert Pagington a Her-
cer of London, was slaine with a gunne, as he was going to
morsow Masse to Saint Thomas of Akers, nowe called the
Mercers Chappell, but the murtherer was neuer openly
knowne, till by his owne confession made when he came to
the Callowes at Banbery, where he was hanged for felonie.

The 22.of December, the Thames being frozen, the king
and Quæne Iane rode through London to Greenwich.

The third of February, was Thomas Fitzgarret, sonne
and heire to the Earle of Kildare, beheaded, and fiue of his
Uncles dizawne, hanged, and quartered at Tiborne for
Treason. In the same moneth, Nicholas Mufgraue, Thomas
Gilby, and other, stirred a new Rebellion, and beswaged the
Citie of Carehle, from whence they were driven, and many
of them taken and put to death. Also the same moneth, Sir
Francis Bigot, Sir Robert Constable, and other, beganne a

conu

1010

Conmotion
appealed.

Sir Ralph E-
uers his good
seruice in the
North.

Sherifes.
Maior.

Penaunce at
Paules crosse.

Robert Paging-
ton murthered.

The Barle of
Kildare and fiue
of his Vnckles
executed.

A nevy commo-
tion in Yorke-
shire.

Another con-
spiracie.

Henry the eyght.

confpiracie, and for the same were attaynted.

The rrit. of March, were twelue men of Lincoln dzavne
to Tiborne, and there hanged & quartered, five were priestes,
and seauen were lay men, one was an Abbot, a Suffragan,
Doctor Mackerell, another was the Wicar of Louthe in Lin-
colneshire, and two Priekeis.

In Aprill, thzough certayne commissions sent into Som-
merfetshire to take vp Cozne, the people began to make an
infurrection, which was by Mapfter Pawlet and other a-
laped, the beginners to the number of thzeefcoze were con-
demned, whereof fourſene were hanged and quartered,
one of them was a woman.

In June, the Lozd Darcy, the Lozd Husley, Sir Robert
Conſtable, Sir Thomas Percy, Sir Francis Bigot, Sir Ste-
phen Hamelton, Sir John Bulmer and his wife, William
Lomley, Nicholas Tempeſt Esquier, Robert Aske, William
Thurſt Abbot of Fountaynes, Adam Sodbury Abbot of Ger-
uax, the Abbot of Riners, William Wold Pzioz of Birlington,
were all put to death: Sir Robert Conſtable at Hull, ouer the
gate called Beuerley gate: Aske, hanged in chapnes on a To-
wer at Yorke: Margaret Cheyny, otherwise Lady Boulmer,
burned in Smithfield: Lozde Darcy beheaded at Tower hill:
Lozd Husley at Lincolne, and the other, five in number, ſuffe-
red at Tiborne.

The rrvj. of Auguſt, the Lozd Cromwell, Lozde pziuie
Heale, was made knight of the Carter.

The ry. of October, about two of the clocke in the moz-
ning, was bozne at Hampton Court Prince Edwarde, and
Quene Iane his mother left hir like the rity. of October.
The rbiij. of October, y Prince was made Prince of Wales,
Duke of Cornemall, and Earle of Cheſter.

Edward Seymour Lozd Beauchamp, the Quænes bzo-
ther, was made Earle of Hertford, and Sir William Fitz
William Lozd Admirall, was made Earle of Hampton, and
Mapſter Pawlet was made Tliſtreafurer, Sir John Ruſſell
Comptroller of the kings house, Mapſter Henedge, Maitter
Long,

1011

1537

Lincolneshire
men executed,

Anno reg. 29
A commotion in
Sommerfetshire.

Prince Edward
borne.

Henry the eyghe.

1013

nerf night following, the Kode at Saint Margaret Pattins
by Tower freete, was broken all to pieces, with his Tabernacle that he kode in.

The rby. of May, was a great fire in Saint Margaret
Patins Parish among the Basketmakers, where were hent
and perished in thçe hours, aboue a dozen houſes, and nine
perſons cleane hent to death.

Fire in Rooſe
Lane.

Battayle Abbey, Martin Abbey, Stratford Abbey, Lewis, and
other, were suppelled to the Kings use.

Abbeys ſup-
pressed.

The Images of our Lady of Walfingham and Ipswich were
brought up to London, with all the Jewels that hung aboute
them, and diuers other Images both in England and Wales,
whereunto any common Pilgrimage was vſed, for auoing
of Idolatrie, all which were vmente at Chelſey by the
Lord priuie Seale.

The ir. of Auguſt, Edmond Conisby, one of the grces
of the Kings Chamber, was executed at Tiborne, for count-
erteting the Kings Seale manuell.

The fire of September being Hontay, one Gratnell,
Hangman of London, and two other, were hanged at the
Wrestling place by Clarken well, for robbing a Both in Bar-
tholomew Faire.

Hangman
hanged.

The ſecond of September, Edward Clifford Gentlemã,
was executed at Tiborne, for counterſetting the Kings priuie
Signet.

This moneth of September, Thomas Cromwell Loode
priuie Seale, Wizgerent to the Kings highnesse, ſente ſwath
injunctiues to all Bishops and Curats through y Realme,
charging them to ſee that in euery parish Church, the Bible
of the largeſt volume, printed in English, were placed, for
all men to reade on : and that a Woke of Regiſter were alſo
prouided and kept in euery parish Churche, wherein ſhall
be written euery Wadding, Chriſtning, and Burping
within the ſame parish for euer.

The Bible in
every Church
to be redde.

Register books
in every Church
to be kept.

Saint Austins Abbey at Canterbury was suppelled, and
the Shaine and goodes taken to the Kings treaſurie, as alco-
the

the

1014

Henry the eyght.

Thomas Becket
brent.

the Shrine of Thomas Becket in the Priory of Christ Church,
was likewise taken to the Kings dse, and his bones скull
and all, which was there found, with a pèce hzoken out by
the wound of his death, were all hzent in the same Church
bp the Lord Cromwell. The Monkes there were comman
ded to change their habites etc.

The rri. of Ottober, the Churche of Thomas Becket in
London called the Hospitall of Saint Thomas of Akers, was
suppresseo.

William Wilkinſon: Nicholas Gibſon, the 28.of Septem.
Sir William Forman Haberdaſher, the 28. of October.

This Nicholas Gibſon Crocer, Sheriffe of London, buil
ded a frée Schoule at Radcliffe, nëre vnto London, appopnting
to the ſame for the inſtruction of thyselſore poze mens chil
dren, a Schollemayſter and Alther, with a Capend of tenne
pound by the yeare to the Mayſter, and ſire L. xii. s. iii. d. to
the Alther. He also builded there certayne Almes houſes
ſo2 fourtène poze and aged perſons, who quarterly receive
ſire chillings eyght pence the pèce ſo2 euer.

The fifth of Pouember, were Henry Marquſe of Exce-
ſter Carle of Devonshire, and Sir Henry Poole Knight, Lord
Monntacute, and Sir Edward Neuill, ſent to the Tower, who
were enditeſ, ſo2 deniſing to maynteypne p[ro]mote, and ad-
uance one Reignald Poole late Deane of Exceſter, enemie to
the King, beyond the sea, and to depzine the King.

The rbi. of ſouember, the blacke Friers in London was
ſuppresseſed, the next day the white Friers, the grey Friers,
and the Monkes of the Charterhouse, and ſo all the other
immediatly.

The rry. of P[ou]ember, Iohn Lambert was hzente in

Smithfield.

The xriiij. of P[ou]ember, the B[ish]op of Rocheſter p[re]
ched at Pawles Crotſe, and there chewed the bloude of
Hales, and affirmeſd the ſame to be no bloude, but Honey
clarified, and coloured with Saſfrone, as it had bin evidenb
ly p[rou]ed before the King and his Counſell. Alco, ſource
Anabap[is]

Sherifes.
Maior.

Free Schoole
and Almes houſes at Radcliffe.

Friers ſup-
pressed.

Lambart brent.

Blond of Hales
shevved at
Pavvles Crotſe.

Henrie the eyght.

1015

Anabaptistes, thzé men, and one woman, all Dutch, bare Anabaptistes.
faggots at Paules Crosse the same day.

The rrit of November, a man and a woman Dutch A-
nabaptistes, were bzent in Smithfield.

The ninth of January, were Henry Marquesse of Exce-
ster Earle of Devonshire, and the Lord Mountacute, and Sir
Edward Neuill, beheaded on the Tower hill. Two Diestkes,
Croftes and Colins, and Holand a Mariner, were hanged
and quartered at Tiborne. Sir Geoffrey Poole was pardoned.

Earle of De-
 Devonshire exes-
cuted.

On the wednesday, were Iohn Ioanes, Iohn Potter, and
William Mannering, hanged in Paules Church-pard, for killing of Roger Cholmeley in quier in the same place.

Execution in
Poules Church-
yard.

The third of March, Sir Nicholas Carew of Bedington in
Surrey, Knighte of the Carter, and mayster of the Kings
Hozze, was beheaded at the Tower hill, for being of counsell
with Henry Marques of Excester, and Henry Poole Loode
Mountacute. The ir of March, the King created Sir Wil-
liá Pawlet Knight, Treasurer of household, Lord Saint John:
and Sir John Russell Comptroller of his household, Loode
Russell: Sir William Parre, Lord Parre.

States created,

The new Abbey of white Monkes at the Tower hill, and
the Minories, Sunnes without Aldgate, were suppzeffed,
on the last of March.

The rvbiy. of Apzill, beganne a Parliamente, in the
which, Margaret Countelle of Salisbrie, Gertrude, wife to
the Marquesse of Excester, Reignold Poole, Sir Adrian
Fortefcue, and Thomas Dingley, Knight of Saint Iohns, and
diners other were attapnted: and all the Religious houses
in England suppzeffed, and not suppzeffed, were graunted to
the King for ever.

1539

Annoreg. 31

The viy. of Map, the Citizens of London mustered at the
Miles end all in bright harneys, with coats of white silke,
or cloth, and chepnes of gold, in thzé great Battayles, the
number was fifténe thousand, beside wycklers, and other
awayters, who in godly order paſſed through London to
Westminister, and so through the Sanctuary, and round about
the

Great muller at
London.

1016

Henry the eyght.

the Parke of S. James, and returned home through Holborne.
No watch at Midsomer.

Doctoz Shakston Bishop of Salisburie, and Doctoz Latimer Bishop of Worcester, resigned their Bishopzickes into the Kings hand the first of July.

The vii. of July, Griffith Clearke, Alcar of Wandsworth,
with his Chapleine and his seruant, and Frier Waire,
were all four hanged and quartered at Saint Thomas Waterings.

Vickar of
VVandfyyorth
and other exc-
cuted.

The tenth of July, Sir Adrian Fortescue, and Thomas
Dingley were beheaded.

The ninth of September, the Punnery of Clarkenwell
was Suppitzed.

Clarkenwell
and other sup-
pressed.

The vii. of October, the Punnery of Halwell, and forthwith
with the Priorie of Saint Mary Oneries in Southwarke, and
Saint Barthelmewes in Smithfield were Suppitzed, and al their
lands and goods taken to the Kings use.

The seauenth of September, deceaſed Doctoz Stokeſley
Bishop of London, and was buried in Paules Church.

Sherifes.
Mator.
Thomas Hunt-
lovv his chari-
zie.

John Feire: Thomas Huntlow, the 28. of September.

Sir William Holleys Mercer, the 28. of October.

This Thomas Huntlow Sheriffe, gaue to the Haberdashers certayne tenementes, for the which, they be bound to giue to tenne poze almes people of the same company, every one of them eyght pence every Friday for ever. And al so at every quarter dinner kept by the mailters, to be giuen to every one of those tenne poze people a penny loafe, a pottell of Ale, a piece of béeve wort h four pence in a platter, with porage, and four pence in money.

Abbots of Rea-
ding & Glaston-
bury executed.

The vii. of November, Hugh Ferringdon Abbot of Reading, and two Priests, named Ruge and Onyon, for deeding the Kings Supzemacie, were hanged and quartered at Reading. The same day, was Richard Whiting Abbot of Glastonburie, hanged and quartered on Torre hill beside his Monasterie, for the same cause.

The first of December, John Beach Abbot of Colchester,

was

Henry the eygt.

1017

was likewife executed.

In December, were appoynted to wayte on the Kings highneste person, fiftie Gentlemen called Pencioners of Pencioners appoynted. Speres, vnto whome was appoynted fiftie pound the pèce pearely.

The third of January, was the Lady Anne of Clecue, reçeuied at Blacke heath, and brought to Greenwich with great triumph: and the fifth day of yfame moneth the wasmary, ed to King Henry.

King Henry married Lady Anne of Clecue.

After Christmas, the Priorie Church of Saint Mary Ouerrey in Southwarke, was purchased of the King by the inhabitants of the Bozow, Doctor Gardener Bishop of Winchefter putting to his helping hand : they made thereof a parish Church, and the little Church of Mary Magdalen iopning to the fame Priorie, was made all one Churche, and Saint Margarets in Southwarke a parish, was admitted to the fame parish.

Saint Mary Ouerrey made a parish Church.

The rty. of March, Henry Bowrcher Earle of Effex riding a yong Bozowe, was caft, and brake his necke, at his Manour in Effex. He was the eldest Earle in England.

Earle of Effex deceaſſed.

The rir. of March, John Vere Earle of Oxforde, high Chamberlayne of Englande, deceaſſed at his Manour in Effex.

Earle of Oxford deceaſſed.

The r. of Apzill, Sir William Peterson Prieſt, late commillarie of Caleis, and Sir William Richardson, Prieſt of Saint Maryes in Caleis, were both there diawne, hanged, and quartered in the Market place for the Supremacie.

1540

Priests at Caleis executed.

The 18. of Apzill, Sir Thomas Cromwell, Lord prieſte Seale, was created Earle of Effex, and high Chamberlayne of England.

Cromwell Earle of Effex.

Also Gregory hys ſonne was made Lord Cromwell.

In a Parliament which began the r. diff. of Apzill, was graunted to the King a subſedie of two chillings the pound Lands, and twelue pence godes, and four fifteenthes.

Subſedie and four fifteenthes,

The r. prieſt of Apzill, Thomas Lord Audley, and Chancelloz Annoreg. 32

Sll. y.

of

1018

Henry the eyght.

Lord Audley
Knight of the
Garter.

Iusting of chal-
lengers.

of England, with Sir Anthony Browne, Maſker of the Kings
Hozſſe, were made Knightes of the Garter.

On May day, was a great triumph of Juiting at west-
minster, which Juffes, had bin proclaymed in France, Flann-
ders, Scotland, and Spayne, for all commers that would, a-
gainſt the challengers of Englande, which were, Sir John
Dudley, Sir Thomas Seymer, Sir Thomas Poynings, Sir
George Carew Knightes, Anthony Kingſton, and Richarde
Cromwell Esquiers, which ſayd challengers came into the
liftes that day richly apparelled, and their Hozſſes trapped
all in white Tieluet, with certayne Knightes and Gentle-
men riding akoze them, apparelled all in white Tieluet, and
white Sarſenet, and all their ſeruants in white dublets,
and hozen cut after the Burgonion kafion: and there came
to Juit againſt them the ſayd daye, of defendants, xlbj, the
Earle of Surrey being the ſoſmock, Lord William Heyward,
Lord Clinton, and Lord Cromwell, ſonne and heire to Tho-
mas Cromwell Earle of Eſſex, and Chamberlayne of Englad,
with other, which were all richly apparelled. And that day,
Sir John Dudley was ouerthzowne in the kielde, by miſ-
chance of his Hozſſe, by one Mayſker Breme defendant, no-
uertheleſſe, he brake diners Speares valiantly after that:
and after the ſaide Juffes were done, the ſayde challengers
rode to Durham place, where they kepſte open houſholde,
and keſtied the King and Quæne, with his Ladies, and
all the Court.

The ſeconde of May, Anthony Kingſton, and Richarde
Cromwell, were made Knightes at the ſayd place.

Touning.

The third of May, the ſayde challengers did turne upon
hoſſebacke with twoſds, and againſt them came xxx. de-
fendants, Sir John Dudley, and the Earle of Surrey running
ſirſ, which the firſt course loſſ both their gauntlets, and that
day, Sir Richard Cromwell ouerthzew Mayſker Palmer in
y field off his Hozſſe, to the great honoſ of the challengers.

Barriers.

The v.of May, the ſaid challengers fought on kowe at the
Barriers, against the, came xxx. defendants, which kought
valiantly,

Henry the eyght.

Valiantly, but Sir Richard Cromwell overthrew that day at the Barriers Mapfter Culpeper in the field, and the sixth of May, the sapd chalengers brake up their household.

The by. of May, Sir William Welton Knight, Loode Pzioz of Saint Johns without Smithfield, dyed, and the King toke all the Lands that belonged to that order into his hands, to the augmentation of his Crowne, and gaue unto every of the Chalengers aboue wizitten for a rewarde of their valiantnesse, a hundred Markes, and a house to dwell in of yarely reuennues out of the sapd lands for ever.

The 26. of May, was sent to the Tower Doctour Wilson, and Doctour Sampson Bishop of Chichester, for relæuing certaine prisoners which denyed the Kings Supremacie, for the same offence Richard Farmer Grocer of London a rich and wealthy man, was committed to the Marthalsea, and after arraigned, and attaynted in the Præmunire, and loth all his goodes. Also, the keeper of Newgate was sent to the Marthalsea, for giuing libertie to Doctoz Powell and Doctour Abell his prisoners.

The ninth of July, Thomas Lozd Cromwell Earle of Essex being in the Counsell Chamber, was sodeinly apreheended, and committed to the Tower of London. The ninetenth, he was afftainted by Parliament, of heresie and high Treason, and by the 27. of July, he was beheaded on the Tower hill with the Lozd Walter Hungerford of Heitfowrie.

In this moneth of July, King Henry by authority of Parliament, and Conuocation, was deuoced from Lady Anne of Cleene.

The xxx. of July Robert Barnes, Thomas Gerrard, William Ierome Prieffes, were burned in Smithfield. The same day, Thomas Abell, Edward Powell, and Richarde Fetherstone, all thre Doctours, were hanged and quartered, for denying the Kings Supremacie of the Church.

The fourth of August, were drowne to Tiborne fire per seons, and one ledde, Lawrence Cooke, Pzioz of Dancalfe, William Horne, a lap brother of the Charterhouse, Giles

Sll. ity.

Horne

Saint John's in Smithfield sup-pressed.

Richard Farmer in the Præmunire.

Thomas Lord Cromwell beheaded.

King Henry de-forced from Lady Anne of Cleene.

Sixe Priestes, three brent, three hanged.

Seauen execu-ted at Tiborne,

1020

Henry the eyght.

Horne Gentleman, Clement Philpot, Edmond Bromham Darby Kenham, Robert Birde, Iaruis Carrow, all put to death for Treason.

The Ditches about London were closed.

The eyght of August, Lady Katherine Haward, daughter to Edmond Lord Haward, was hanged openly as Quene at Hampton Court.

King Henry married.

Harlots caufe many murthers.

Dry sommer.

The rj. of September, was hanged in Moore field a straiger, named Iames Rinatian, who had slayne his Master one Capon a Florentine in a Garden, for his Harlot.

The later end of this yeare was a great mouth and a great death of hote burning agues and fluxes.

The salt water flowed above London bridge.

William Laxton: Martin Bowes, the 28. of September.

Sir William Roche Draper, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. } Maior. }

The vrtj. of December, Ralph Egerton, and Thomas Harman, servant to Master Flightwood, were executed for counterfeiting the Kings great Seale in leade, wherewith they had sealed diuers Patents counterfeited and antidated, making Strangers Denisons, under the names of diuers Clearkes of the Chancerie, one Tucke field being of their faction, robbed the Lord Audleyes Chappell and fledde, who being afterwarde appzehended at Caleis, where Towne he woulde have betrayed, he flew himselfe with a Dagger.

1541

Annoreg. 33
A nevy com-
motion in
Yorkshire.

In April, certaine persons began a new Rebellion in
Yorkshire, which were shortly after taken, and put to execution in
duers places, of which, Leigh a Gentleman, Tataral a Cloth-
yer, and Thorneton a yeoman, were put to death at London,
Sir John Neuell Knight, a tenne persons or more, were
put to death at Torke.

The seauen and twentith of May, the Countesse of
Salisburie was beheaded in the Tower of London.

Countesse of
Salisburie be-
headed.
Dampport and
Chapman han-
ged,

The ninth of June, Damport and Chapman, two of the
Kings Card, were hanged at Greenwich for robbery.

The tenth of June, Sir Edmond Kneuet, Knighte, of
Norfolkke.

Henricus eyghs.

1021

Norffolke, was arraigned before the Kings Justices ( sitting
in the great Hall at Greenewich) Mayster Gage, Comptrol,
ler of the Kings household, Mayster Suthwell, Sir Anthony
Browne, Sir Anthony Winkefield, Mayster Wrisley, and
Edmond Pecham, Cofferer of the Kings household, for strik-
ing of one Mayster Clerc of Norffolke, servant with the
Carle of Surrey, within the Kings house in Tenis Court.
There was first chosen to go with the sayd Edmond, a Quelt
of Gentlemen, and a Quelt of Yeomen, to enquire of the
saide stripe, by the which inquefts, he was found gilty, and
had judgement to lose his right hande, whereupon, was
called to do the execution, first the Sergeant Chirurgion
Wyth his instrumentes apperteyping to his Office: the
Sergeant of the Woodyard with the Mallet and a Blocke
whereupon the hand should lye: the Mayster Coke for the
King with the knife: the Sergeant of the Larder to set the
knife right on the ioynt: the Sergeant Farrer with his sea-
ring irons to seare the beynes: the Sericant of the Poul-
trep, with a Cocke, which Cocke should haue his head
smitten off upon the same blocke, and with the same knife:
the yeomen of the Chaundzie with seare clothes: the yeo-
men of the Skolerie with a panne of fire to heate the irons:
a chafier of water to cole the endes of the irons: and two
formes for all Officers to sette their Cluffe on: the Serge-
ant of the Celler with Wine, Ale, and Bære: the yeomen
of the Cwzie in the Sergeantes keede who was absente,
Wyth Bacon, Cwze, and Towels. Thus euery man in hiss
Office readye to do the execution, there was called fourth
Sir William Pickering Knight Marshall, to bring in the
sayde Edmonde Kneuet, and when hee was brought to
the Barre, the chiefe Justice declared to hym his tres-
palle, and the sayde Kneuet confelling hym selfe to be
gilty, humblye submitted hym to the Kings mercie:
for this offence hee was not only judged to lose his hand,
but also his body to remayne in prison, and his Landes
and goodes at the Kings pleasure. Then the sayde Sir

Sir Edmond.
Kneuet arrig-
ned, for strik ing
in the Court.

Sll.tiiy.

Edmond

1022

Henry the eyght.

Edmund Knevet desired that the King of his benign grace
would pardon him of his right hande, and take the left, for
(quoth he) if my right hand be spared, I may hereafter doe
suche good seruice to his grace, as shall please him to ap-
poynt. Of this submission and request, the Justices so th.
with envoied the King, who of his goodneſſe, considering
the gentle heart of the layde Edmund, and the good reporte
of Lords and Ladies, graunted hyn pardon, that he should
lose neyther hand, land, nor goodes, but should goe free at
libertie.

The Lord Leonard Gray, being endited of certain points
of Treason by him committed, as was alledged againste
him, during the season that he was the Kings Lieutenant
in Ireland, to witte, for delivering his nephew Girald Fitz
Garard, brother to Thomas Fitz Garard before executed, and
also, for that he caused certaine Irishmen to inuade the lands
of the Kings friends, whome he favoured not: the fine and
twentith of June, he was arraigned at Westminster in the
Kings bench, and appoynted to be tried by Knights, by
cause he was a Lord by name, and no Lord of the Parlia-
ment, but he discharged the Jurie, and confessed the endite-
ment, whereupon, he had judgement, for on þrveitij. of June,
being S Peters even, he was beheaded at Tower hill, where he
ended his life very quietly and godly.

This noble man, as he was come of high lignage, to
was he a right valiant and hardy personage, having in his
time done his Prince and Countrep good seruice, both in
Ireland, France, and other places, greatly to his commendation,
although now his happe was thus to lose his head.

The same day that he suffered, there were executed at
Saint Thomas Waterings thixé Gentlemen, John Mantell,
John Frowdes, and George Roydon.

They died for a further committed in Suffolk (as they
inditement imported) in company of Thomas Fines, Layde
Dacres of the South. The froth whereof was thus: the
layde Lord Dacres, through the lewde pertwalſon of some

The Lord
Leonard Grey
beheaded,

Lord Dacres of
the South ar-
prigned.

Henrie the eyght.

1023

of them, as hath bin repozted, meaning to hunt in þe Parke of Nicholas Pelham Esquier at Laughton, in the same County of Suffe, þeepng accompanped with the sayde Mantel, Frowdes and Roydon, Iohn Cheyney, and Thomas Illey, Gentlemen, and Richarde Middleton, and Iohn Goldwell Yeomen, paſſed from his house of Hurſtmonſeux, the latt[e] of Aprill, in the night ſeason, towarde the ſame Parke, where they intended so to hunt, and commyng into a place called Pikehay in the parſche of Hillingley, they found one Iohn Busbrigge, Iames Busbrigge and Richarde Somener, standing there togither: and as it ſell out through quarrelling, there e[n]ſued a frap betwirſe the ſayde Lozde Dacres and his company on the one part, and the ſaid Iohn and Iames Busbrig, and Richard Somener on the other, in ſo much, that the ſaid Iohn Busbrigge recevued ſuch hurt, that he dyed thereof the ſeconde of Pap nerte ensuing: whereupon as well the ſayd Lozde Dacres, as those that were there wyth hym, and diuers other likewife that were appointed to go another way to mæte them at the ſayd Parke, were indited of murther, and the ſeauen and twentith of June, the Lozd Dacres himselfe was arraigned before the Loz[]d Audley of Walden, then Loz[]d Chaunceloz, sitting that day as high Steward of Englande, with other Pæres of the Realme about him, who then and there condemned the ſayde Lozde Dacres to dy[e] ſo that transſcretion, and afterwardes, the nine and twentith of June, being Saint Peters dave, at eleauen of the clocke in the ſozenone, the Sheriffe[s] of London, accordingly as they were appointed, were readyp at the Tower to haue received the ſaide p[]risoner, and him to haue led to execution on the Tower hill, but as the p[]risoner should come ſo[]zth of the Tower, on Heire a Gentleman of the Loz[]d Chancelo[]z house came, and in the Kings name commaunded to ſay the execution till two of the clocke in the afternone, whyche caused many to thinke, that the King woulde hau[e] graunted his pardon. But neuerthelesſe, at thiz[e] of the clocke in the ſame afternone, he was brought ſo[]zth of the Tower, and delpyuered to

Hl. v. the

1024

Henry the eyght.

the Sheriffes, who led him on fowe betwirke them vnto Ty-
borne, where he dyed. His body was buried in the Church
of Saint Sepulchres: he was not paſſe soure and twentie yeres
of age, when he came thus throughe greate mischappe to his
ende, for whome many fize lamented, and like wife for the
other thre Gentlemen, Mantell, Frowdes, and Roydon, but
for the faide yong Lord, being a right forwardly Gentlemã,
and such a one, as many had conceited great hope of better
prowfe, no ſmal mone and lamentation was made, the more
indeede, for that it was thought he was induced to attempt
suche follie, which occasioned his death, by some light heads
that were then aboute him.

The firste of July, a Welchman a Pinkkrell, was hanged
and quartred for Singing of Songs, which were interpreted
to be prophecying againſt the King.

In the moneth of Auguſt, the King took his Progress
towarde Yorke.

About this time Westminster and Bristow were made Bi-
thoprieke s.

Rowland Hill: Henrie Suley, the 28. of September.

Sir Michael Dormer, Mercer, the 28. of October.

On Christmalle euen at Seauen of the clocke at nighe, he-
ganne a great fire in the house of Sir John Williams Maiter
of the Kings Jewels, where many of those Jewelles were
hent, & more imbezeled.

The Lady Katherine Haward, whom the King had mar-
ried, for her vnchaffe liuing committed with Thomas Cul-
peper and Francis Derham, was by Parliament attainted,
Culpeper and Derham were put to death at Tyborne, y tenth
day of December.

The xxiij. of January the King was proclapt med King of
Irelande.

The iij. of February the Lady Haward, otherwife called
Duaine Katherine, and the Lady Jane Rocheforde, for being
of her Council with Thomas Culpeper, were both beheaved
within the Tower of London.

The

Progress to
Yorke.

Sherifes.

Mator.

King Henry K.
of Irelande.

Queen Katherine.

Time beheaded.

Henrie the eyht.

The twelfth of March, John Dudley was created Vis-
count Lisle, by the right of his mother Lady Elizabeth Lister
and heire to his John Grey, Viscount Lisle, who was late
wife to Arthur Plantagenet Viscount Lisle late deceased.

The seanteenth of March Margaret Dauy a Maid, was
boyled in Smithfielde, fo; popsoning thuse householdes that the
had dwelled in.

A Maide boiled
in Smithfielde.

The eight and twentith of Marche, the Parliament sitting, George Feres Burgesse for the Towne of Plimmouth, was arrested in London upon a condemnation, whereupon the Sergeant at armes of the Common house, was sent to the Counter in Bredbrete to fetch him, but the Clearks would not delyuer him, till the Sheriffes came them selues, who in the ende deliuered him: howbeit, this matter was so take in the Common house, that the Sheriffes, the Clearks, and five officers, wypth the partie plaintife, were sent to the Tower, and there laye two dayes, and were then deliuered by the Speaker and common house: the Sheriffes were deliuered from all charges, ercepte twentie pounde for their liues.

1542

The Sheriffes of
London sent to
the Tower.

Anno reg. 34

In Maye the Kyng toke a loane of monep, of all such as
were valued woth fifty pound o; bpwarde.

In the moneth of August, Iames Erle of Desfmond in Irelande, came and submitted himselfe to the King, and so returned.

The Earle of
Desfmonte.

The firste of October, the greate Oneale of Irelande was created Earle of Tiron, and hys base sonne Mathew Oneale Baron of Donmagan, for Shane Oneale the onely sonne of his bodye lawfully begotten, was then little effaëmed.

The greate
Oneale.

The Duke of Norffolke entred Scotland the one and twentith of October, burning and wailing all the Marches, and there tarried wypthoute anye battel poffered by the King of Scottes, untill the middelt of Pouember.

Duke of Norf-
folke entred
Scotlande.

Henry Hoblethorne: Henry Hancots, the 28. of September.

Sherifes.

John Coates Salter, the 28. of October.

Maior.

After the departure of sure armye from Scotlande, the
Kyng of Scottes made a roade into Englande, and did muche
harme,

1026

Henrie the eyghe.

Scots oners
ehrovvne.

V White meate
licenced to bee
eaten in Lent.

1542

Annoreg. 35
Somerset-an
Herault kylled.

Firste yron pees
ces caſte.

King Henrye
marryed Ladye
Katherine Par.

harme, but at the laste fir Thomas Wharton, and fir Willi-
am Mulgrae, wyth a fewe of the bozcurers, met the Scott,
where they being in number 15000, were ouerthzowne, in
whiche conflicte was taken the Loode Maxwell, the Earles
of Glencarne and Saffilles, wyth all the Capitaines of the ar-
mye to the number of one and twentie, and on Saint Thomas
euen the Apostle, they were bzoughte to the Tower of London,
where they lape that night: the nerte daye they were by the
Kings charge apparelled in silke, and rode thzough the Ci-
tie to Westminſter, where they were twozne to be true pizfo-
ners, and then were delinered to the custodie of dyuers no-
ble menne, whythe honozably entertained them. At New-
peares tide they were sent home againe, agreeing to certaine
articles.

The 9, of February a proclamation was made, whereby
the people were licenced to eate white meates in Lent, but
straightly fozbidden the eating of flethe. Whereupon,
thoztly after the Earle of Surrey with diners Loode, Knights
and Gentlemen, were impzifoned foz eating of flethe in the
same Lent, contrarie to the ſaide Proclamation.

The 8. of May one Leche Sometyme Baply of Lowth, who
had killed Somerset one of our Herraults of Armes at Dun-
barre in Scotlande, was dzawne to Tyborne and there hanged
and quartred. And the twelfth of June, Edwarde Leche
hys dzother, and with him a Priest, foz the same face, were
lpykewise executed at Tyborne.

This peare the firſte caſte pæces of yon that euer were
made in Englande, were made at Buckeſtede in Suffeſ, by Ralſe
Hoge and Peter Bawde.

The thirde of June, the Obrine a Loode in Irelande, and
dyuers of the wilde Irifthe, submitted them to Kyng Henrie.

In July the ſaive Obrine was created Earle of Clawri-
carde.

The 12. of July King Henrie married Ladye Katherine
Parre, late wife to the Loode Latimer, and ſitter to the Mar-
quesse of Northampton at Hampton Courte.

Kyng

Henrie the eyght.

King Henry sent over 6000. men to Landersey, whether also came the Emperour with a greate armye, and thortelye after came downe the Frenche King wyth a great army and offered to gyue battaile to the Emperour, by reason whereof the kiege was rapsed: then the Frenche men vidualled the Towne, and on the mozrowe being ready to give battaile, the Frenche men made great chelw, but dallyed out the day, and in the night departed.

The eighte and twentith of July, Anthony Parson, Robert Teftwood, and Henrie Filmer were bzent at Windsor.

A greate death of the peftilence was at London: and therefoze Michaelmaffe Terme was adioyned to Saint Albons.

John Tolous: Richarde Dobbes, the 28.of September.

Sir Will iam Bower Draper, the 28. of October.

Sir Ralfe Warren, the 13.of Aprill.

At Alhallowntide, a roade was made into Scotlande, by the garrison there, who burned 60. Villages, and twoke great prapes.

The eighteene of December the Archebyshoppe of Canterburyburies Ballaice at Canterbury was bzent, and therein was bzent his brother in law, and other men.

The foure and twentith of December, William Lozde Parre, was created Erle of Essex, and his William Parre was created Baron Parre of Horton at Hampton Court. And on the firste of January his Thomas Wriothesley was created Baron of Wriothesley at Hampton Courte.

This yeare chaunced foure Eclipſes, one of the Sunne the fourtænth of Januarie, and thaz of the Mone.

In the beginning of Lent, Lozde Edward Seymer Earle of Hereforde, was made Luetenaunt of the North, and sent thither wyth an army.

The ſeauenth of Marche, Germaine Gardner, and Larke Parson of Chelsea were executed at Tyborne, foode depuying the Kings Supremacie, wyth them was executed, foode other offences one Singleton. And thortelye after, Alhgeb was likewife executed foode the Supremacie.

The

An army ſent to Landerſey.

Sherifes.

Maior.

Four Eclipſes;

Germaine Gardner and others executed.

1028

Henrie the eyht.

1544

House blovvne
vppe vvith gun-
poulder.

An armye sente
into Scotland.

Lieth taken and
spoyled.

The rth of March fir John Dudley, Lord Lisle, Lord Is-
mirall with a great navy, departed towarde Scotlarde.

The fourth of Apzill a Gun-poulder house, called the
Blacke Swan in East Smithfielde, was blown vppe and therein
burned five men, a boy, and a woman.

On May euen, dyed Lord Thomas Audley, Lord Chal-
lour of Englande. After whome succeded Lozde Thomas
Wriothesley.

The iiij. of May fir John Dudley, Vicount Lisle, hygh Ad-
mirall of Englande, arryued with his flæte of 200. faile in the
Frith of Scotlande, where he landed opuers of his menne,
and toke there diners beffels. The iiij. of May he landed the
residue of his men at Lieth, & from thence marched towarde
in thre greate battailles, whereof the saide Lozde Admirall
led the bawarde, the Earle of Shrewsburye the rereward, and
Edward Seimer Earle of Hertforde Lieuetenant General of
the battell. Here they found the Scots to the number of 6000,
hozsemen besides many Scotemen readye to koppe their paſ-
sage, who at the firste, made as they would haue set on the
bawarde, but after certaine shotte on both sides, they do-
dainely, leauing their artillerie behinde them, fled towarde
Edenborough, the fozemoske in flæcing, was the Cardinall of
Saint Andrews, the Earle of Huntley. Governour, Murrey and
Bothwell, and then the Englishmen entred the town of Lieth,
where they found such riches, as they thought had not been
in any towne of Scotland. The nerte day our armp went to
wardes Edenborough: and when they appoched neare, the
Prouoolt of the town with other pzofered to haue delynuered
the same, upon conditió, that the people might departe with
bag and baggage, & the town to be sake from fire. Wherein
to our Lieuetenant aunswered, that he was sente thither to
take vengance upon them for their defeſtable fallode, and
that vnlesse they would pælde vp the town simply wypouth
condition, and cause man, woman and childe, to departe in-
to the ſkaldes, submitting them to his pleasure, he woulde
put them to the twozde, and their towne to the fire. The

P199

Henrie the eyght.

1029

Prounok aunswered, that it were better for them to stand to their defence, and so departed, and forthwith the Lord Lieutenant caused the baward to marche towards the Towne, which they did so courageously, with help of the English gunners, that then kept the Scots from their Ordinance, and so entred Canie Gate, and there saw a great number of the Scots, and set fire on the towne, which continued three daves after burning. Shortly after came to the lord Lieutenant by land, William Lord Eurie Ward of the East March of England & goernour of Barwik, with his son Sir Raphe Eurie, who also brought with him 1500, light horsemen, inhabitants of those two Parches, whyche after they were come, did suche good seruice, that the army sent away their chippes laden with spoyle, and diffused their campe out of Lieth, set upNG syne in every house, and returned home by lande, spoyling every Village and Foztresse as they passed.

Edenborough
breat.

The rvj. of Pap proclamation was made for the enhancing of Golde to Ireland, and Siluer to Ireland, & the ounce. Also the King caused to be copned base moneys, whych was since that time called downe, the fifth peare of Edwards, the sixth, and called in the second of Queene Elizabeth.

Safe moneys
coynged.

On the day of Pap passed through the Citie of London in warlike maner, to the number of 700. Irishmen, hauing for theys weapons, Darts, and Hand-guns, with Bag-pipes before them: in Saint James Parke besides Westminster, they mustred before the King.

In the moneth of June, the Letany of Procession was set forth in English, with commandement by the King to be generally died in Parishe Churches.

Procesion in
Englishe.

The thirteenth of July, King Henrie with a goodly companye passed into France and encamped on the south side of Boloigne, after whose comming the Towne was so soze bateered with wyth Gunne shote, and certaine Towers undermired, and so shaken wyth Gunne powlder, that after a monethsliege, the Captaine sent twozde to the Ryng,

that

King Henrye
went to Boi.
loigne.

1030

Henry the eyght.

that he woulde pælde the Towne upon condition, that all
whyche were wythin mighte departe wyth bagge and bungs
gage, which condition King Henrie granted, and the Boillers
departed to the number of 4454.

The fire and twentith of September, the King with his
nobilitie entred into high Boloingne, and after returned from
thence, landed at Douer the first of October.

The ninth of October in the night, the French men came
unwares upon the English men in bafe Boloigne, and flew of
them a greate number, howbeit, they were shortly after ched
from thence, and the bafe Towne holden after in god
quiet.

John Wilford Merchant Taylour: Andrew Iud, the 28.of S.
Sir William Laxton Grocer, the 28.of October.

This peare was taken by the Kings Shyppes of the West
Country, and of the English coast the number of 300 French
Chippes and moze, so that the Grey Friers Church in London
was laide full of Wine, the Austen Friers and Blacke Friers,
were layde full of Hering and other fish that was taken go-
ing into Fraunce.

The King demaunded a benevolence of al his subiedes,
Spirituall and Tempozall towardes his warres in France
and Scotland.

And the twelfth of Januarp the Lozde Chauncelour, the
Duke of Suffolk, and other of the Kings Councell began to
sit at Baynards Castell, where they firke called before them the
Bayoz and Aldermen, etc. And because Richard Read Alder-
man would not agrée to pay as they set hym: he was com-
maunded upon paine to serue the King in his wars of Scot-
lande, who departed from London the thzée and twentith
of January. Also sir William Roche Alderman, for words of
displeasure taken by the Kings Councell, was by them sent
to the Fleete, where he remapned till Passion Sondape.

The fire and twentith of January, there camped on the
Weast side of Boloigne beyond the Hanen, an army of French
to the number of eighteene thousand, where they laye tene
dayes,

Sherifes.
Maior.
Prifestaken.

A benevolence
demaunded,

Sir V
Roche sente to
the Fleete.

Henrie the eyght.

daves, and the sixth of February, were put to flight, by the
Earle of Hertford, and Sir John Dudley Lord Admiral, then
being Deputie of Boloigne,

The thirteenth of February, a Friday was set on the Pil-
lozie in Cheape, a burnt in both cheeks with the letters F & A.
& a paper on his heade, wherein was written For false accu-
sing, whyche iudgement was giuen by the Lozde Chancelor
in the Starre Chamber, a notable example of Justice: great
tause haue I to wisse the lyke, to the lyke accuser, who ne-
uer yet repented, but costrari wisse sweareth and sofweareth
that he neuer did any suche acte againfte his brother.

In the beginning of March a roade was made into Scot-
lande towarde Gedworth by the Englishemen, who at the firste
gote greate pzaife, but they were so greedy, and went so far,
that a great army of Scottes beſet them with thze battels,
where the Englishemen koz the moſte part were slaine and ta-
ken at Panyer Homghe, among whome fir Ralph Eure Lozde
Eure, and Warden of the East Marches was flayne, and Ri-
chard Read Alderman of London, wyth other taken p[r]ſoners
by the Scots.

Alderman of
London taken
prifoner.

Trinitie Terme was adiozned bicaufe of the warres.

1545

Annoreg. 37

About the rrd of June was great tempeſt of wind in Dar-
bishire, where through trees were ouer-turned, and dyuers
Churches, Chappels and houses, were encountered. Also in
Lancashire, there fell hailestones as big as mens filts, which
had diuers printes in them, some like mens faces, some like
Cunne holes, &c.

Hailestones fl-
gured lyke mens
heades.

The ninetcenth of July, the French kings naup comming
out of Newhaven and Deepe, arriued on the coast of England
in Sussex, afoze Bright Hamsteade, where they sette certaine of
their ſoultours alande to burne, but the Beacons were fy-
red, and the men came downe so thicke, that the French men
fledde and did little hurte.

Frenchemen at-
ryued in Suffes.

The rir. of July, by misfoſtune of choding a gun in one of
ſ Hedgehogs a ship, afoze Westminſter, a ſrken of gun-pouſ-
der fyzed & flew 7 men, and the eight leaped into the Thamis,
Tit. and

Men brent in
the hedgehog.

1032

Henrie the eyght,

and was drouoned.

The rr. of July the king being at Portsmouth, a godly ship of Englande, called the Mary Rose, with sir George Carrowe the Captaine, and many other Gentlemen were drouoned in the middeft of the Hauen, by greate negligence.

The rri. of July, the French Calleis & naupe came afore Portsmouth Hauen, and landed certaine of their army in the Isle of Wight, at Saint Helens Point, & there burned & encamped about two thousande men, but they were some driven away with lottes of their Captaine & many souldiers. With in few dapes after, the whole fleet remoued from the Wright to a place in Sussex, called Newbauen, four miles from Lewes, and there landed many Captaines & souldiers, who by the valiantnesse of the Gentlemen and Peomen of Sussex, were slaine and drouoned in the Hauen a great number of them, & the resse hardly reconered their chippes and Calleis.

In the moneth of August deceased at Guilforde, Charles Brandon Duke of Suffolk, and Lozde greate Maister of the Kings houholde, who was honozably buryed at Windfore.

In August the Earle of Hereforde was sent into Scotland, with an armpe of 12000. menne, where he dekroped dyuers Townes, and greatly endamaged the Scottes.

The ninth of September fir John Dudley, Lozde Lisle, Lozde Admirall of Englande landed with 6000. men at TREport in Normandie, and there bzente' the Towne and Abbey with other houfes about it, and thirtie chips with a Barke that lape in the Hauen, with lottes of kourteene Englis homene, and so returned.

The twelfth of September, the Churche of Saint Giles without Criplegate of London was bzent.

The eighteenth of October the Pzocession was firſſe beſon in Paules Church to be ſung in English, and so commanſed by Iniunction through the whole realme.

George Barnes: Ralphe Allen, the 28. of September.

Sir Martin Bowes Goldsmith, the 28. of October.

The xiiiij. of November began a Parliament, wherein
was

Mary Rose
v was drouyned.

Frenchmen lan-
ded in the Isle of
V Vight.

Frenchmen lan-
ded at Nevvha-
usn in Sussex.

Erle of Herford
ſent into Scotl.

Lorde Admirall
brent TREyport

S. Giles churche
brent.

Sherifes. ~
Maior. ~

Henry the eyght.

1033

was graunked to the Lyng a subsedie of two thillings eight
pence of the pound in goods, of four thillings of the pound in
lands. Also al Colledges, Chautries, and Hospitalles,
were committed to the Kings order, to alter and transpose,
whyche he promised to do to the glorie of God, and the com-
mon profite of the Realme.

In the latter ende of March, the Stewes in Southwarke was
put down by the Kings commandement. In May the kings
ships toke one of Y French Kings Galleis with gret riches.

The rrbij. of Aprill, being Tuisday in Easter wéeke
William Foxley Doffte maker for the Hint in the Tower of
London, fell asleepe, and so continued sleeping and could not
be wakened with pricking, cramping or otherwise burning
whatsoever, till the firste day of the nerte Tearme, whyche
was full foure fine dayes, and as many nights or more, for
that Easter Terme beginneth not afourc seauentene dayes
after Easter. The cause of his thus sleeping could not be kno-
wen, though he the same were diligently searched for by the
Kings Phisitions and other learned menne, pea the King
himselfe examining the saide William Foxley, who was in
all pointes found at his wakening to be as if he had slept but
one night, and is yet liuing in the Tower of London, this pre-
sent yeare of oure Lorde God. 1 579.

The thirteenth of June being Whitsonday, a peace was
pzoclapmed betwene the Kings of England and France, with
a generall Proceстion in London.

The seauen and twentith of June Doctorour Crome recan-
ted at Paules Croffe.

The rbi. of July, were burned in Smithfied for the Sacra-
ment, Anne Askew, alias Keime, John Lassels, Nicholas O-
torden Prieſt, John Adlam Tatlour, and Doctorour Shaxton
sometime Bichop of Salisburie preached at the same fire, and
there recanted, perswading them to doe the lyke, but they
woulde not.

The rrfi. of Auguſt came into Englande Claude de Honne-
bald highe Admirall of Francke, who broughte with hym the
Ttt.y.

Sacre

Channtres, Colledges, and hofpitals giuen vnto the King.

1545

The Stevves
put dovvne.

Anno reg. 38
V William Fox-
ley flepte more
than fourtene
day es, and as
many nightes.
v without vva-
king.

Anne Askevve
and other brenta

1034

Henrie the eyght.

Admirall of
France came to
London.

Sacre of Deepe, and twelue Calleis, he landed at the Tower Wharffe, where he was honozably received, and brought to the Bythop of Londons Palaice, where he lodged two nights and then rode to Hampton Courte where the King laye. By the wape Prince Edwarde received him with a companye of 500. coates of Aeluet with one fléeue of cloth of Golde, and halfe the coate embzodered with Golde: there was in all to the number of 800. hozzes.

Condit in Lothburie.

In September, the water of Finfburie was brought to Conduit at London wall, Saint Stephens in Colman streete, and Saint Margarets in Lothburie.

Sherifes.
Maior.
Duke of Norf-
folke, and Earle
of Surrey sente
to the Tovver.

Richard Iaruis.Thomas Curteyse, the 28.of September.
Henry Hobrethorne Merchant Taylour,the 28. of Octob.
The twelfth of December Thomas Duke of Norffolke,a
Henry Earle of Surrey his Son, was sent to the Tower of Lon-
don, the one by water, the other by lande.

King Henry his
gift to the Citie
of London.

The thirde of Januarpe, the Churche of the late Grey Friers in London was opened, & Masse sung there : and that day preached at Paules Croffe the Wilhop of Rochester, who declared the Kings gifte to the Citie of London, for the relesing of the poze people, whiche was by Patent under his greate Seale. Saint Bartholomewe Spittle, the Churche of the Grey Friers, & two Parish Churches, the one of S. Nicholas in the Shambles, the other Saint Ewine in Newgate Market, all to be made one Parish Church of the Grey Friers Churche, & in lands he gaue for maintenaunce of the same 500. marke by peare for euer, and this Church, to be named Christchurch, founded by King Henrie the eight.

Earle of Surrey
beheaded,

Henrie Howard Earle of Surrey, was beheaded on the Tower hill the rir. of Januarie.

King Henry de-
sealed.

The rrviij. of January,king Henry deceased,appointing his first heire to be hys fonne Prince Edward: y second Lady Mary his daughter by Quæne Katherine : and the thirde, Lady Elizabeth by Quæne] Anne Bolloine . He deceased when he had raigned 37. yeares, 9. moneths, and odre gayes,and was buried at Windfore.

Edward

## Queen Elizabeth.

1139

ham with seauen or eyght hundred horse, where they reman-
ed till the thirtenth of December, in which space, to wæte
the seauenth day of December, Sir John Foster, Warden
of the middle marches, accompanied with Sir Henry Per-
cy, did give to the sayd Earle a great skirmish. The sixth of
December, Sir George Bowes put forth of the Castell two
hundred horsemen, whereof two persons were slapne, and
thirtie taken by the Rebels. The tenth of December, Sir
George Bowes delivered the sayd Castell, under compost-
tion to depart with armour, munition, bagge and baggage,
and forthwith marched with his garrison towardes Torke.
In this meane time, to wæte, on the rriity. of November,
the Quænes Maiestie had caused the sayd Earles of Nor-
thumberland and Westmerland to be proclaymed Traptoiz,
with all their adherents and fauourers, and forthwith pze-
pared an army to be sent out of the South for their suppres-
tion. The Lord Scrope, warden of the West marches, had
called onto him the Earle of Cumberland, and other Gentles-
men of the Countrep, and they kepte the Citie of Carelile.
The Earle of Sussex the Quænes maiesties Lieutenant ge-
nerall in the North, had on the riy. of November there pu-
blished the like Proclamation (in effect) as after was pub-
lished by his Maiestie against the sayde Rebels, and also
sent out to all such Gentlemen as he knew to be his Mai-
esties louing Subjeats under his rule, who came onto hym
with such number of their friends, as he was able in spue
dayes to make aboue five thousand horsemen and fote-
men, and so being accompanied with the Earle of Rutlande
his Lieutenant, the Lord Hunsdon general of his horsemen.
William Lord Eure, who had the leading of the rereward of
the foteemen, and Sir Ralph Sadler Treasurer, who all
came to Torke with their seruants, on Monday the 11. of
December, they marched from Torke towards Topcliffe, the
ey. they tarrped at Sezay, where Sir George Bowes with his
power comming from Barnards Castell (as is aforesayde)
mette him, and was made Marshall of the Armpe : then
they

Skirmish vlich
the Rebels.

Barnards Castell
delivered to the
Rebels.

The Earles of
Northumberland & VVest-
merland proclaymed Tray-
tors.

The Earle of
Sussex the
Queenes Lieu-
tenant general
in the North a-
gainst the Res-
bels.

1140

Queene Elizabeth.

they wente to Northalarton, to Smeeton, to Crofbridge, and to Aclay, on the which day, the Rebels fledde from Durham (hauing called their companye Christopher Neuill from Hertlepoole, who were fortsifying there) to Exham, where thep abode threé dayes.

The Earle of Sussex Lieutenant with his power, wente from Aclay to Durham, then to Newcastell, and the twentith of December to Exham, from whence, the Rebels were gone the nighte before to Naworth, where countayling with Edwarde Dacres concerning thep owne weake nesse, as also how they were pursued by the Earle of Sussex and hys power of seauen thousande, even almoste at thep hées; and mozieuer, that the Earle of Warwike, the Lozde Clinton, Lozde Admirall of Englande, and the Lozde Ferrers, Aiscount Hereford, with a farre greater armee of twelue thousande out of the South, whereof the sayd Earle of Warwike was Cenerall, was not farre behynde them at Borow bridge.

The Earle of VVarwike sent against the Rebels.

The Earles of Northumberland & VWestmerland fledde.

Rebels executed at Durham.

The nexte nighte, the two Earles of Northumberland and Westmerlande, wth sundry of their principall Gentlemen, unknowne to thep associates, fledde to Herlaw in Scotlande: the other Rebels were thortly after taken by the Earle of Sussex and hys power, without any resistance.

The fourth and fifth of January, did suffer at Durham to the number of threé score and fire Constandes and other, amongst whome, an Alderman of the Towne, and a Priest called Parson Plomtree were the most notable: then Sir George Bowes Marshall, finding manye to bée faultors in the soresayd Rebellion, dyd see them executed in every Markette Towne and other places, bestwirte Newcastell and Wetherby, about threé score miles in length, and fortie miles in breadth.

The one and twentith of January, a Prizentise was hanged on a gibbet at the North end of Finke Lane in London, (to the ensample of other) soz that he y thirté nth of December

## Queen Elizabeth.

1141

cember had kriken hys maylker with a knife, whereof hee dyed.

The two and twentith of February, Leonard Dacre of Harlsey, in the Countie of Yorke Esquire, hauing rapfed a number of people, the Loode Hunfdon and other set- ting on hym with a companye of valiaunt Souldpers, flewe manye of hys people, and forced hym to flee into Scotlande.

Leonard Dacre fledde into Scotland.

On god Friday the seauen and twentith of March, Sir- mon Digby of Askewe, Iohn Fulthorp of Ifilbecke in the Countie of Yorke Esquires, Robert Peneman of Stokefley, Thomas Bishop the yonger of Poklinton in the same Coun- tie of Yorke Gentlemen, were drawne from the Caffell of Yorke, to the place of execution called Knaues-mire, halfe a mile without the Citie of Yorke, and there hanged, headed, and quartered, their foure heads were set on the four principall gates of the Citie, with foure of their quar- ters, the other quarters were set in diuers places of the Countrey: Oscolph Clesbe was with them drawne to the gallowes, and returned agayne to the Caffell.

Rebels executed at Yorke.

William Carle of Pembroke, Baron of Cardiffe, Knighte of the Carter, one of the pautie Counsell, and Loode Ste- warde of the Quænes maiesties houisholde, deceaffed the epghtéenth of Aprill, and was buryed in Saint Paules Church at London.

The Earle of Pembroke de- ceaffed.

The seauenténth of Aprill, the Carle of Sussex Lieute- nant generall in the Moeth, with the Loode Hunfdon, Loode goertour of Barwike, & Wlarden of the Caff Marches, and maylker William Drewy high Marshall of Barwike, with all the garrifon and power of the same, began a journey into Scotlande, and the same night came to Warke, tweluc miles from Barwike, and so the next mozroiv entred into Ti- uidale, and marching in warlike order, they bez't, ouerthiew, rased & spoyled all the Caffels, Townes, & villages of their enimies, till they came to the Caffell of Moffe, standing in a krog marich beloſing to the Loode Bucklugh, which likelwiſe

The Earle of Suffolk made a journey into Scotland.

was

1142

Queene Elizabeth.

was raised, overthrown andzent, and so marched forward
andzent the whole Countrey before them, till they came
to Craling. The same day, Sir John Foster Warden of the
middle marches, with the garrison and force of the same,
entred likewise into Tuidale upon Expes gate, across the
mile from Warke, where in like order theyzent, raised, and spoyl
led the Countrey before them, till they came to a strong
Calfell called Craling, in the possession of the mother of the
Lord Ferniherst, which likewise they overthrew, raised, and
zent. There both the Armies mette, and so marched by
the Riner of Tiute, raising, burning, and spoyling Calfels
and pyles along the Riner, till they came to Gedworth,
where they both lodged, and were curteously receyued. The
nert day the Lozde Sessord, Warden of the middle Har-
ches of Scotlande, came in with all the principall men of his
kinred to the Lozde Lieutenante, and did submitte them-
selues, and were assured, for that they had not receyued the
English Rebels, ayding or affixing them, nether had
made any inuasion into Englande. The nineteenth, the Aft-
mie deuied into two partes, the one parte whereof passed
the Riner of Teuite, and zent the Calfell of Ferniherst, and
all other Calfels and Townes belonging to the Lozde of
Ferniherst, Huntill and Bedrell, and so passed to Mint, where
both the Armies mette agayne, and so zente on both
sides the Riner, till they came to a greate Towne called
Hawicke, where they intended to haue lodged, but the
Scottes had unthatched the houses, and zent the thatch
in the crêtes, and themselves fledde with most parte of
theyr goddes, but by the industrie of the Englishmen, the time
ber was also burned with the thatch, sauing one little
house of stone of Dunlamrickes, wherein my Lord lay that
night. The twentith dape, the Armie marched forwardes
to a house of the Lozde of Bucklugh, whych they ouer-
threw with powder, and then marched Northward to
the Riner of Tinet, where they zente and spoyled suche
Calfels, pyles, and Townes, as belonged to the Lozde
of

Sir John Foster
with a garrison
entred Scotland.

## Queene Elizabeth.

of Fernihurst and Bucklogh, their kinsmen and adherents, and that night returned to Gedworth. The one and twentith day, part of the army went to the Riuer of Bowbent, under the leading of the sayde Marshall, where mapfker George Heron, keeper of Tiudale and Ridsdale, with them of that Countrep, mette with him, and iopning togither, rode on, burning and spoyling all on both sides of the Riuer, and the other part marched to the Riuer of Trile, where they wasted and hzent all on both sides the Riuer, and returned to Kilfey, where the Lord Lieutenant lodged of purpose to befange Hewme Caffell in the nighte, and the Lozde Cousernour with his company went to Warke, to bring the ordinance from thence in the mozning, which was disappopnted by the negligence of such as were put in trust soz those matters, who suffered the cariage Hozffes to returne to Barwike the dape before, which should haue dzalwne the same, the lacke whereof, caused the Lozde Lieutenant, wyth the whole armpe, to returne to Barwike the two and twentith of Apzill, in all which time, there was neuer any thewe by the Scottes made, to relick soz defende theyz Countrep.

The Lozde Scrope Warden of the West marches, en-
fred Scotland the eyghteenth of Apzill, hzente and spoyled
those partes almost to Domfrees, he had diuers conflictes,
gaue sondz ouerthzowes, towe many pisoners, and re-
turned safely. During all these inuasions, the marches of
Englande in all places were so guarded by the Lozde Euers,
Sir George Bowes, and other of the Bisbopzicke, as the
Scottes durft not once offer to enter into Englande, so that
not one house was burned, noz one Cow taken out of Eng-
lande. There were rased, ouerthzowne, and hzent in thys
tournep, aboue fiktie strong Caffels and pyles, and aboue
thzee hundzed Townes and Villages, so that there be very
few in the Countrep, that eyfher haue recepued our Eng-
lith Rebels, oz inuaded England, that eyfher haue Caffell,
pyle, oz house soz themselues oz theyz tenantes, hefides
CCcc. the

The Lorde
Scrope entred
Scotland.

1144

## Queen Elizabeth.

the lofe of their goddes. The rrbj. the Lord Lieutenant ac-
companyed with the Lord Gouernour, the Marshall, and
duers lusttie Gentlemen, Captaynes, and Souldyers, to
the number of thre thousand, set forwarde to Warke, and to
Hewme Castell, whiche Castell they beswong till the same
was pelded, the Loode Gouernour, the Marshall, and dy-
ners other, twke possession for our soueraigne Ladye the
Quænes Daieftie, and expelled the Scottes that were there-
in, to the number of 168 persons, in their apparell on their
backes only, without armour, weapon, bagge or baggage,
among whome there were two Englishmen, one Hilard the
Earle of Northumberland, and a vagrant person na-
med William Godswher, which both were carried to Bar-
wike and there executed the rriij. of May. The Lord Lieute-
nant placed in the Castell Captayne Wood, and Captayne
Pikeman, with two hundred Souldyers, and so returned to
Barwike the rrij. of Apzill, where he refked very enill at cafe,
hauing in the trauaile taken ouermuch colde, wherewith
he was diuuen into an extreame ague.

Rebels exec-
sed at Barv vike

The fourth of May, he sente maytker Drewry Marshall
with the number of two thousand, to take Fauſt Castell, which
at the first comming was deliuered to the Marhall, who ex-
pelled the Scottes in number fenne, and placed fourtene of
our Englishmen againſt all Scotland, it is so strong a place,
and so returned to Barwike. The eleuenth of May, the Loode
Lieutenant made four Knightes, viz. Sir William Drew-
ry, Sir Thomas Manners, Sir George Care, sir Robert Con-
itable. And the same day, Sir William Drewry being Cer-
nerall, set forwarde toward Edenborough with diuers ſwte
bands with shotte armed, pikes and pieces of great Dizé
nance, to toyne with the Earles of Leunox, Murton, Glen-
carne, and Marre, and other of the Kings power of Scotland,
in pursuing of the English Rebels, and ſuch of the Scottes as
ſuppoſed them, as the Duke Hamelton and other, who
were in armes at Luthcse, twelue miles from Edenborough, to
defend their cause. The forſeſped new Knightes with their
bands

Knights made
by the Earle of
Suffolk.

## Queene Elizabeth.

bands came to Edenborough the thirtieth of May, and there
referred thée nightes, and departed from thence to Lithcoe,
where the Regent was flapne. The rvit. thefwemen mar-
ched to Faukerke, lyve myles from Sterling, and Sir William
Drewry with the hozfemen, marched to Sterling to see the
King, whome they found so perfeet in all things as age and
nature could permitte. The rvit. they departed to the fwote-
bands, and so togither marched to Glascoy, where the Loode
Hamilton had beséeged a house of the Kings, but hearing of
their comming, he fledde with dishonour, and the lotte of
29.of his men. The rix. the generall with other hozfemen
and some thotte, patted to Dunbarton, to view the straptes of
the Caffell there, being kept by the Lozd Fleming, the Bi-
shop of Saint Andrewes, and other his adherents, to the
Quene of Scottes use. Our generall sent his Trumpetoz to
require a parley with assurance safely to returne, wherevn-
to the Lozd Fleming subtilly consented, and minding so to
wind him into his danger, conueped certapne shot, and ar-
med men into a secret place, so that our Generall comming
alone to haue partlyed, his Trumpetoz not returned, they
shotte at him, meaning to haue flapne him, but he beftowed
his Piffolettes as frely at them as they at him, and retur-
ned to his companpe and so to Glasco, from whence, Sir
George Care being maruellously offended with the subtill
dealing of the Lozd Fleming, wrote a letter of challenge to
combate with him body for body, which the Lozd Fleming
by his letter of answere refused, whereupon Sir George
Care wrote a tharp and pithie replie etc.

The one and twentith day, our Generall accompanied
with the Gentlemen and hozfemen, went to Dunbruton a-
gayne to parley with the Loode Fleming, upon his promise
that hée woulde meete him thée miles from the flapde Ca-
kell, but the place of parley being viewed, was found to be
subiect to the thotte of the Caffell, and therefoze our Gene-
rall required another place, which woulde not be graunted
by the Lozd Fleming.

CCccc.yf.

The

1146

## Queene Elizabeth.

The.rry. the Lord of Lenox, the Lord Glencarne, and the
Lord Simple, with their friends and tenaunts, came to our
Generall, and mustered before Glasc, to the number of four
thousand hozsemen and swotemen.

The.rry. oure Generall with the whole armye mar-
ched towarde the Castell of Hamelton, and there had parley
with the Captayne, whose name was Arthur Hamelton,
but he would not deliuer the Castell, whereupon, our De-
dinance being placed, was shot very soze, but did no great
harme, soz that they were field pèces.

The.rryy. our Generall gaue sommons to the sayde
Caffell which would not yeeld, whereupon, he sent to Star-
ling soz bigger Dzinance soz the batterie, and so went from
thence, accompanped with the Carles of Lenox and Mor-
tayne, with the hozsemen and certapne shotte, marched in
the Countrep to a faire house of the Abbots of Kelving nare
adiopning, whose name was Gawyn Hamelton, whiche
house they burned, and utterly spoyled, with seauentène
houses moze of good countenance of that name, whereof one
was the Lord Lanhappes, which had married with the se-
fter of James Hamelton of Bedwilhough whiche we the Re-
gent. There was burned seauen other faire houses there-
aboutes, not of that name, but of alie : besides those, there
were diuers of their kinred and alie, that came in wyth
humble submission, and affured themselves, promising their
obedience to their King etc.

The.rrv. of May in the morning, was found hanging at
the Bishop of Londons palace gate in Paules Church-yard, a
Bull which lately had bin sent from Rome, conteyning dy-
uers hozrible treasons against the Quænes maiestie, soz
the which, one Iohn Felton was thoztly after apprehended,
and committed to the Tower of London.

The.rrvy. of May, Thomas Norton, and Christopher of
Yorkshire, being both condemned of high treason, soz the late
Rebellion in the Posth, were draztne from the Tower of
London to Tiborne, and there hanged, headed, and quartered.

The

A Bull from
Rome, hanged
on the Bishop
of Londons
gate.

The Nortons
executed.

## Queene Elizabeth.

1147

The rrvij. of Pap, the Castell of Hamelton was pælded to Sir William Drewry, generall of our Army, and by him presently spoyled and bzent, there was in the house 34.mé.

Hamilton in
Scotland yelded
to the English.

The rrviij. Sir George Care with the horzemen came to Lithco, where the whole army mette. This day, a very faire house, with the whole Towne of Hamelton was bzent. The rrie. they bzent an house of the Dukes called Kemyell, and another at Lithco : the whole Towne, and diuers other faire houses was pælded to our generall, who returned to Edenzborough and so to Barwike the third day of June.

A conspiracy was made by certayne Gentlemen and others in the Countrey of Norffolke, whose purpose was on Hidsomer day, at Harlestone faire, with sound of Trumpet and Drumme, to haue reyſed a number, and then to prieclayme their diueliſh prætence against Straungers and other. This matter was uttered by Thomas Kete one of the conspiracie, vnto John Kenſey, who forſwith ſente the fame Kete with a Conſtable to the nerte Jüſtice, beſoze whome, and other Jüſtices, he opened the whole matter, whereupon, mapſter Drewgh Drewry immediatly appreſhended John Throgmorton, and after him, manp Gentlemen of the Citie of Norwich, and the County of Norffolke, who were all committed to prizon, and (at the nerte ſellions of gaile deliuerie at the Castell of Norwich, the ſeauenteth of July, before Sir Robert Catlin Knight, Lord chieſe Jüſtice, Gilbert Gerrard the Quænes Aſtourney generall, and other Jüſtices) tenne of them were indicted of high Treason, and ſome others of contempſte, diuers of them were condemned, and had iudgement the one and twentith of Auguſt, and afterward threue of them were hanged, boivelled, and quartred, which were John Throgmorton of Norwich Gentleman, who ſkode mute at his arraigne ment, but at the gallowes conſeſſed himſelſe to be the chieſe conspiratour, and that none had deſerued to dye but he, for that he had p[ro]cured them : with him was executed Thomas Brooke of Rolſbye Gentlemã the thirtiſh of Auguſt, C Ccc. iſ.

Conſpiracy in
Norſtolke.

1143

Queene Elizabeth.

and George Redman of Cringeleford Gentleman was like his wife executed the second of September.

The fourth of August, the Duke of Norfolkke was remo moued from the Tower of London to the Charterhouse nere unto Smithfield.

The same day was arraigned at the Guildhall of London. John Felton, so hanging a Bull at the gate of the Bishop of Londons palace, and also two yong men so copning and clipping of copne, who all were found giltie of high Treason, and had judgement to be dzaune, hanged, and quatered.

The eight of August, John Felton was dzaune from Newgate into Paules Church-yard, and there hanged on a gallo lowest new set up that morning before the Bishops palace gate, and being cut downe alive, he was botwelled and quartered. After this, the same morning, the Sheriffes returned to Newgate, and so to Tiborne with two yong men which were there executed so copning and clipping, as is also esayd.

The two and twentith of August, the Earle of Suffe Lord Lieutenant generall so the Quænes Maiestie in the North, and the Lord Scrope, warden of the West marches, with diuers other, marched from Carelie with the Quænes army, and soce of the North, as well of Hozemen as fote men into Scotland, pafting over the Riuers of Eske, Leuin, and Sarke, which River of Sarke parteth England and Scotland, and so to Dornocke wood, belonging to Edward Vrone the Lozd of Bonhow, and then to Anonima, a strong house of the Lozd Harris, which they rased and ouerthew with other there aboutes: from thence to Hodhim, which they hente and blew vp: from thence to Kennell, a Towne be longing to the Lozd Cowhill, which they hente: from thence to Domfries, which they sacked and spopled of such paltrie as the fugitives had left, and also rased and ouer thewe a sumptuous house belonging to the Quæne of Scottes, in the keeping of the Lozd Harris: then pafting the

The Duke of Norffoike remoued.

Felton arraignèd.

Felton and others executed.

A journey into Scotland by the Earle of Suffe.

## Queene Elizabeth.

the Riner of Longher, they bient and spoyled Cowhilles and
Powtracke, and returned to Domfryes, and so to the Towne
of Bankend, which they biente, with another house pertey-
ning to William Maxwell of the Illes, and so to the Castell
of Carlauracke, standing in a marthey inst to an arme of the
Sea, which parteth Aunerdall and Gallaway, which Castell
they blew vp, and returned homeward, transporting theyp
Ordinance ouer quicksands and bogges, where neuer the
lyke was done before, and so came to Dornoke wood.

The eyght and twentith of August, they marched to-
wards Carelile, where by the way they bient and ouerthrew
two houses, the one being Arthur Greames, alias Carelile,
the other Rich George, two notable Thēnes. The same day
at night after the Lordes comming to Carlile, he made
Knightses, Sir Edward Haltings, Sir Frances Ruffell, Sir
Valentine Browne, Sir William Hilton, Sir Robert Staple-
ton, Sir Henry Curwen, Sir Simon Musgraue.

Fraunces Barnam: William Boxe, the 28.of September.

The fifth of October at night, happened a terrible tem-
pelt of winde and rapne, both on the Sea and Lande, by
meanes whereof, many Shippes and other vessels were
drowned, about midnight, the waters overflowing, drow-
ned many medowes, pastures, townes, villages, cattell,
houses, and godes, to the utter undoing of a great number
of subiectes of this Realme: besides the loss of many men,
women, and children, some drowned in theyp beddes,
some in the wapes trauelling etc. As you may reade more
at large in a Boke thereof made by Thomas Knell Mint-
fer.

Sir Rowland Haward Clothworker, the 28.of October.

The rrit. of January, the Quænes Maiestie accompa-
nyed with hir Nobilitie, came from hir house at the Strand,
called Somerset place, and entred the Citie of London by
Temple Barre, Fleetefreete, Cheape, and so by the North
fyde of the Burste, to Sir Thomas Greshams in By-
hoppes gate Streete, where theydyned. After Dinner,
CCcc.iiiy, his

Knightses made
by the Earle of
Suffolk.

Sherifes.

High waters
vvhich drow-
ned many.

Maior.

Anno reg. 13

1150

## Queene Elizabeth.

hir grace returning through Cornehill, entred the Burlle on the South side, and after hir hignesse had viewed every part thereof, above grounde, especially the Pawne, which was richly furnished with all szortes of the finest wares in the Citie, the caused the same Burlle, by an Heralt and a Trumpet to be proclaymed The Royall Exchange, so to be called from thenceforth, and not otherwayes.

Royall Exchange.

A strange kindle of earthmouing.

The Seanenteenth of February, at a place called Kynna-aton, nowre Marclech hill, in the Countie of Hereforde, was séene the ground to open, and certaine rockes with a pèce of grounde, remoued and wente forwarde the space of foure dayes, making at the first a terrible nopfe as it went on the earth, it remoued it selfe betwéne fize of the clocke in the enening, and seauen the nerte mazrow fozzie paces, carping greats trés and Shéepecoates, some Shéepecoates with threescore Shéepe in them, some trés fell into the chinkes, other that grew on the same ground, grow now as firmly on a hill, and some that ftode Calf, fand Weft, and those that ftode Weft fand Calf. The depth of the hole where it first brake out, is thirtie fize, the breadth of the bjeach is eight fcore paces, and in length above twenty fcore paces. If ouerfizew Kinastone Chappell. Also, two high wayes be remoued high one hundred paces, with the trés of the hedge rowes. The grounde in all is fire and twentie acres, and where tilbage grounde was, there is pafture lefte in place, and where was pafture, there is tillage grounde gone upon it. The grounde as it remoued, droue the earth before it, and at the lower part ouerwhelmed the ground, so that it is growne to a great hyll of twelue faddome high. It remoued from Saterday till Monday at night following, and so layd.

The second of April, a Parliament began at Westminfter, wherein was granted to the Quænes malefite (to) warde hir great charges, in repressing the late Rebellion in the North, and pursuing the layde Rebels and theza faultors.

1571

Parliament.

## Queene Elizabeth.

1151

saulfoz's, whych were fledde into Scotlande) by the Cleargy, a subsidie of firehillings in the pounde, and by the Temporalities two fiftkeens, with a subsidie of two hillings and eight pence in the pounde.

The first, second & third of May, was holden at Westminister before y Quænes Maiestie, a solemn eull, at the Tilt, Turney, and Barriars. The Challengers were Edwarde Earle of Oxford, Charles Hawarde, Sir Henrie Lee, and Christopher Hatton Esquier, who all dyd very valiantly, but the chiefe honour was gyuen to the Earle of Oxforde.

Iustes at Westminister.

The firste of June, John Storie a Docto of the Cannon Lawe, who before had bæne condempned of hygh treason, was dnalne from the Tower of London to Tyborne, and there hanged, bowelled and quartred, hys head sette on London bridge, and hys quarters on the gates of the Citie.

Doctor Story executed.

The eighteenth of June, in Trinitie Tearme, there was a combate appoynted to haue bæne foughte for a certaine Manour and demaine lands belonging thereunto, in the Isle of Hartie, adiopning to the Isle of Sheppey in Kent, Simon Lowe and John Kyme were Plaintifs, and hadde broughte a Writ of right against Thomas Paramore, who offered to defende hys righte by battell, wherebpon the Plaintifs aforesaid, accepted to answere hys challenge, offering likewise to defende their right to the same Manour and landes, and to proue by battell, that Paramore had no righte no god fytle to haue the same Manour and landes. Herebpon the saide Thomas Paramore broughte before the Judges of the common pleas at Westminister, one George Thorne, a bigge, broade, strong set fellowe: and the Plaintifs brought Henrie Nailer Maiſter of Defence, and ſeruant to the right Honorable Earle of Leicester, a proper slender man, and not so tall as the other : Thorne caſſe downe a Gauntlet, whyche Naylor koke vp. Upon the Sondaye before the battell thoulde he fped on the next mozrowe, the matter was ſtayed, and the parties agréed, that Paramore being in potfession thoulde haue the lande, and was bounde.

A Combate appoynted at Tushill.

CCcc.b.

in

1152

Queene Elizabeth.

The quarrell of
combate layed

in 500 L. to consider the Plaintiffs, as upon hearing the matter, the Judges should award. The Queenes Maiestät was taken vp of the matter, in this wife: It was thought good, that Paramores assurance, the order should be kept touching the combate, and that the Plaintiffs Low & Kyme, should make defaulte of appearaunce, but that yet such as were sureties for Naylor, they should Champions appearaunce, should bezng hym in, and lykewyse those that were sureties for Thorne, should bezng in the same Thorne, in discharge of their band, and that the Courte should be little in Tuthil fieldes, where was prepared one plot of grounde one and twentie pares square, double railled for the combate, wythoute the well square, a klage bezng sette vp for the Judges, representing the court of the common pleas. All the compasse wythoute the Lykes, was set wyth Scaffolds one above another, for people to stande and beholde. There were behind the square where the Judges sat, two tentes, the one for Naylor, the other for Thorne. Thorne was there in the mozing timely, Naylor aboute seauen of the clocke came thzough London, aparelled in a dublet and galepgascoigne bezethes, al of Cremosin Satten cut and raced, a Hat of blacke Velvet with a red feather and bande, before hym in Drummes and Fides playing: the Cantlet was cast down by George Thorne, was bozne before the said Naylor upon a words point, and his Wabton (a kaffe of an elle long, made Taper-wife, tip with Hozne,) wyth his thiel de of hard Leather, was bozne after hym, by Askam a Yeoman of the Queenes Guard: he came into the Pallaice at Westminster, and laying not long before the Hall doze, came backe into the Kings Street, and so along thozough the Sanctuary, in Tuthil Street, into the field, where he laid til palt in: of the clocke, in the same Bowes bezought him to his tent, Thorne being in the Tent with Sir Henry Cheiney long before. About x. of the clocke, in the court of common pleas removed, & came to the place prepared: when the Lord chiefe Justice with two other hys affiliates were set, then Lowe was called Solemnly to come in.

in 2

## Queene Elizabeth.

in, or else he to lose his Writ of right. Then after a certain
time the sureties of Henrie Naylor were called to bring in
the sayd Naylor Champion for Simon Lowe, & shortly ther-
bont, fir Jerome Bowes leading Nailor by the hand, entrely
with him the lyftes, bringing hym downe that square, by
which he entred, being on the left hand of the Judges, & so a-
bout til he came to the next square inft against the Judges,
& there making curtesie, first with one leg, & then wyth the
other, paſſed forth til he came to the middle of the place, &
then made the lyke obeyſance, & so paſſing till they came to
the Bar, there he made the like curtesie, and his shield was
held vp aloft ouer his head: Nailor put off his nether stocks,
& so bare foote and bare legged, ſaue his ſilke Scavilonions
to ſy ankles, & his dublet ſlènes tyed vp above the elbow, &
bare-headed, came in as a foſefaid. Then were the sure-
ties of George Thorne called to bring in the ſame Thorne, &
immediately fir Henrie Cheyney entring at the upper ende
on the right hand of the Judges, used the like order in co-
ming about by his ſide, as Naylor had befoze on that other
ſide, & so comming to the Bar with like obeyſance, helde vp
his shield. P[ro]clamation was made, that none should touch
the Bars, nor p[re]ſume to come within the ſame, ercept ſuch
as were appoynted. After all this ſolempne order was fini-
ſhed, the L. chieſe J[ustice] rehearsing the maner of bringing
the W[rit] of right by Simon Low, of the anſwere made ther-
unto by Paramore, of the p[ro]ceeding therein, and how Par-
more had chalenged to defend his right to the lande by bat-
tel, by his Champion Thomas Thorne, and of the accepting
the tryall that was by Lowe, with his Champion Henrie
Naylor, & then for default in appearance in Lowe, he adiud-
ged the land to Paramore, & dismissed the Champions, ac-
quitting the sureties of their bands. He also willed Henrie
Naylor, to render againe to George Thorne his Gauntlet,
wherebonto the ſayde Naylor aunſweared, that hys Lo[de]
H[yp] myghſe commaunde hym any thing, but willingly he
would not render the ſaide Gauntlet to Thorne ercepte h[is]
toulde.

1154

## Queene Elizabeth.

could winne it, and further he chalenged the Saide Thorne to playe wyth hym halfe a score blowes, to thewe some pástime to the Lozde chiefe Justice and the other there aslembled, but Thorne aunsweared, that hee came to fighte, and woulde not plays. Then the Lozde chiefe Justice commending Naylor for his valiaunt courage, commaunded them bothe quietly te departe the fielde, etc.

The sixteenth of July Rebecca Chamber, late Wyfe to Thomas Chamber of Herietteham, was founde culpable of popsonyng the Saide Thomas Chamber hir hufbande, at the affises holden at Maidstone in the Countie of Kent. For the which facte (hauyng well deferued) the was there bient on the nerte mozrowe.

The Seauenth of September, the Duke of Norfolkke was remoued from the Charterhouse, to the Tower of London pisaner.

The two and twentith of September deceaffed John Ie-well Bythoppe of Salisburie, in hys life a molk eloquent and diligent Prieacher, but a farre moze painefull and kudious Writer, as hys workes remapnyng beare witnesse, whereby hys fame shall neuer dye.

Henrie Milles: John Braunche, the 28. of September.
Sir William Allin Mercer, the 28. of October.

The ninth of Pouember, great reijoycing was made at London with banquetting and boneforges, for toye of the late come newes, of a maruellous viacozie obtayned by the Christian army by sea, against the Turkes the sixth of October last passed, wherein were taken and funke of the Turkes Galleys and Brgantines, two hundred and thyltie, there were slaine of the Turkes moze than thyltie thousande, besides a great number of pizoners taken, and aboute twelue thousande Chzillians, that had bin slaues wyth the Turkes, were set at libertie. The Chzillians lotte seauen Galleys, and were slaine aboute fire of seauen thousande.

The thyltith of December Reynolde Grey was by the Quines Maiestie reftaxed Carle of Kent.

The

Avvoman brět
at Maydstone.

Duke of Norf-
folke fent to the
Tovver.

Bishoppe of Sa-
lisbury deceaf-
fed.

Skerifes.
Mator.

The Christians
victorie againſte
the Turkes

Annoreg. 14

Earle of Kent.

## Queene Elizabeth.

1155

The thirtieth of January deceased Sir William Peter Knight, who for his indgement and pregnant witte, hadde béene Secretary and of priuie Councell to soure Kings and Quænes of thys Realme, and seauen times Lozde Embassadoz abzoade in sozraine landes : he augmented Exceter Colledge in Oxforde, with landes to the value of an hundred pounde by yeare: and also builded tenne Almes houfes in the parifhe of Ingerstone for twenty poze people, ten within the house, and tenne wypthout the house, hauing euerpe one two pence the dape, a winter gowne, and two loade of wood, and among them, fèedyg for fire. Hyne Winter and Sommer, and a Chaplaine to sape them seruice daplye.

Sir V William Peter deceased

The sijfteenth of January, the Lozde Thomas Hawarde Duke of Norffolke was arraigned in Westminster hall, befoze George Lozde Talbot Earle of Shrewsbury, hyghe Steward of Englande for that dape, and there by his Dères founde guyltie of hyghe treason, and hadde indgement accozdypinglye.

Duke of Norffolke arraigned.

The eleauenth of February, Kenelme Barney, and Edmonde Mather, were dzawne from the Tower of London: and Henrie Rolfe from the Marshalsea in Southwarke, all threé to Tyborne, and there hanged, bowelled, and quartred for treason: Barney and Mather for conspiracie, and Rolfe for counterfayting the Quænes Maiesties hande.

Mather, Barney and Rolic executed.

The Quænes Maiestie hearing credibly by report, that certaine lewde persons, under pzetence of executing Commissions for inquiries to be made, for lands concealed, contrarpe to hir Maiesties meaning, chalenging lands, flocks of money, Plate, &c. letting not also to make pzetence to the Belles, Lead and other suche thyngs belonging to Priithe Churches of Chappels. Hir Maiestie meaning Spædi ly to wypthtande suche manner of unblawfull practises, commaunded, that al Commissions then eztant, and not determined, for inquifition of any manner of concealementes, shoulde be by Superfídias, dute of hir Erchequer revoked. And also appoynted Spædye remedye to be had against suche erteinlie.

Conveyers of Belles, Lead & other churche goods, are to be punished to the example of their too many follo. VYvers.

1158

## Queene Elizabeth.

exfozcioners, as more at large appeareth by a Proclaimation, concluding thus. Finally, hir Maiestie woulde hir Justices of Affise to haue some speciall care, not onelie to the premises, but also to the refozmyng of certaine coucous and iniurious attempts, of dyuers that of late time by other colour thá for hir Maiesties use, had taken alway the lead of Churches and Chappels, pea and Belles also out of Staires, and other common goods belonging to parishes, an example not to be suffred vnpunished, noz unrefozmed. And so hir Maiestie eftsonnes chargeth hir Justices of hir Affise to provide seuere remedy, bothe for punithement and refozmation thereof. Dated at Westminster the thirteenth daye of February, the fourteenth yere of hir raigne.

The tenth of March decessed Sir William Pawlet knight, Lozde Sent-Iohn Earle of Wiltshire, Marques of Winchester, Knight of the Honourable order of the Garter, one of the Queenes Maiesties prizp Counsell, and Lozde high Treasurer of England, at his Manour of Basing. Thys wozthy man was boze in the yeare of our Lozde 1483, the firste yeare of King Richarde the thirde, and lyned aboute the age of 87 yeares, in fire Kings and Queenes dapes. He served five Kings and Queenes, Henrie the seauenth, Henrie the eight, Edwarde the fifth, Quene Marie, and Quene Elizabeth. All these he served faithfully, and of them was greatly favoured. Hymselke did see the chyldren of hys chilzens children, growen to the number of 103. A rare blessing gyuen by God to men of hys calling.

The rrb. and rrbj. of March, by the commaundement of the Queenes Maiestie, hir Council, the Citizens of London assembling at their feueral Halles, the Halkers chose oute the molke lykelp and active persons of euerye their companies, to the number of thze thousande, whom they appoynted to be Pikemen and thot, the Pikemen were sozthwith armed in faire cossets and other furniture, according thereunto: the Gunners had euery of them hys Callpuer, with the furniture, and Purrians on theyz heades. To these were

Sir William
Pavvlet Lorde
Treasourer de-
ceased.

## Queene Elizabeth.

were appoynted dyuers valiant Capitaines, who to traine them vp in warlike feats, mustred them thence every wéeke, sometimes in the Artillery parde, teaching the Gunners to handle their pèces, sometime at the Miles end, and in Saint Georges field, teaching them to skyzmithe. In the whyehe skyzmithe on the Miles end the tenth of Aprill, one of the Gunners of the Goldsmiths company, was shot in the field wyth a pèce of a scowzing sticke lefte in one of the Calpuers whereof he dyed, and was burped the twelfth of Aprill in S. Paules, Churcheyarde, al the Gunners marching from the Miles end in battaile rap, chotte off the Calpuers at hys graue.

On May day they mustred at Greenwich before the Queens Maiestie, where they shewed manye warlike feates, but were hindeed by the weather, whych was all day chowzing, they returned that nighe to London, and were discharged on the nerte mozrowe.

The fourth of May Walter Deueroux, Lozde Ferrers of Chartley, and Viscount of Hereford was created Earle of Eves: And Edwarde Fines Lozde Clinton, and Say, hyghe Admirall of Englande, was created Earle of Lincolne.

Earles of Eves and Lincoln created.

The eight of May, the Parliament beganne at Westmin-
ster, and that same day in the Parliament by the Queænes
Paietties Writtes, fir Henrie Compton Knight, Lozde of
Compton in the Hoyle, fir Henry Cheyney Knight, Lozde of
Tudington, fir William Pawlet Knight of Basing, and fir Hen-
ricie Norrice Knight, Lozde of Rycote, were called Barons in-
to the higher house. In this Parliament, for so muche as
the whole Realme of England was exceedingly peftred with
Roags, Uagabonds, and Kurdy beggers, by meanes wher-
of, daply hapned diners horrible murders, theftes, and other
greate outrages, it was enacted, that all persons aboue the
age of kourçene peres, bepyng taken begging, vagrant, and
wandring misfoorderly, choulde be appzehended, whipped, &
brent through the grittle of the right eare, with a hote pion
of one puch compasse for the firste time so taken.

Barons made:

Roags brenteth
through the
eare.

The

1158

## Queen Elizabeth.

The soure and twentith of May, Martin Bulloke was
hanged on a Gibbet by the Well with two Buckets in Br-
Shoppes gate Kreete of London, soz robbing and most Chameul-
lye murdering of a Merchaunt named Arthure Hall, in the
Personage of Saint Martine by the Saide Well. Thys Mar-
tin hadde procured the Saide Arthure Hall, to come to the
Sapd Personage, to buy of hym certaine Plate, but after the
Saide Arthure hadde well viewed the same, he Saide, this
is none of your Plate, it hathe Doctoz Gardeners marke,
I knowe it to be his: that is true, said Martin Bullocke, but
he hath appopnted me to sell it, &c. Akfer thys talke, whyles
the Saide Arthure was weighing the Plate, the same Martin
fetcht out of the Kitchen a thicke washing Wétle, and com-
mpng behinde hym. Strake the Saide Arthure on the head,
that he felled him with the firste stroke, and then Strake
hym againe, and after stroke the Saide Arthures Dagger, and
licked hym, and wyth hys knyfe cut hys thzoafe, and after
woulde haue trussed hym in a Danske Chefte, but the same
was to choze: whereupon he tumbled him downe a paire
of Kayes, and after thinking to haue buried hym in the
Seller, hys legges being broken with the fist kal, and kiffe,
he could not drawe hym downe the Seller Kaires béng
wynding, wherefore he cutte off hys legs wyth an Hatchet,
and in the ende trussed hym with Strake in a drie-fat, and
saping it was his apparell and Bokes, caused the same to
be carried to the water side, and so chipped to Rye.

The fire and twentith of May, the right honizable Carle
of Lincoln, departed from London towardes Fraunce Embal-
sadoz, being accompanied with the Lords Dacres, the Lord
Riche, the Lord Talbot, the Lord Sandes, and the Lord Clin-
ton, Sir Arthure Chambernowne, Sir Jerome Bowes, and Sir
Edwarde Haltings, Knightes, wyth dyuers other Gentle-
men, who takyng ship at Dougr, cutte ouer to Bolongne, where
they were very honozably receyued, & from thence conueyed
by ioyneys to Paris, where they were lodged in a house of
kings named Le Chasteau de Loure, being attended on by the
kings

Queene Elizabeth.

1161

Kings Officers.

Five dayes after, they wente to the King at a house called Madril, where the Kyng wyth his two bzethzen, the Admirall, and the molle parte of the Nobles of Fraunce mette them a distance from the place, and broughte them into the house, where they dyned, and remapned till Sondape following, from whence the Kyng and hys nobles, with the nobles of Englande, came to Paris, the Kyng, his two bzethzen, and oure Embassadoz rpyding in one Coche togither, and the Nobles of England and Fraunce being so placed, also in Coches, came to the Saide Caffell of Loure, and there dyned. After dinner, the King, our Embassadour, with the Nobilitie of bothe Realmes, wente to a Church named Saint Germaine, where the Frenche King, his bzethzen and Nobilitie hearde Cuenſong, the Noble men of Englande, withdriving them into a Chappeil, til Cuenſong was done, were then fetched thence by the Nobles of Fraunce, to the Kyng and hys bzethzen that alwayted their comming, where was confirmed the league, (whyche hadde bin concluded at Blois the nineteenth of April,) deputies beyping there for the French partie, Frauncis Monorencie, Reignold Virago, Sebastian de Lanbepine, and Paul de Foix. And for the Queene of Englande fir Thomas Smith, and Walter Walfingham Embassadozs,) Thys being done, they departed without the wals of Paris, to a Garden of pleasure, where they supped, after supper the King departed to his place of Madrill and the nobles of Englande to the Caffell of Loure. On Monday the Admirall feasted the Nobles of Englande. On Tuesday the Duke of Aniow the Kings brother, and on Wednesday the Duke of Alanson hys yonger brother, and so passed in banquetting and feasting, wyth riche giftes on bothe partes.

League vith Fraunce confirmed in Fraunce.

On Friday, the Nobles of Englande toke leaue of the King, and on Monday came to Saint Dennis, and after to Bo longne, where they toke chippe, and returned into Englande the fourth of July.

The second of June in the morning, between the hours

DDdd.

of

1162

## Queen Elizabeth.

of Seauen and eight, Thomas Hawarde Duke of Norffolke,
was beheaded on a Scaffold sette upon the Tower hill.

Aboute the ninth of June, Frauncis Duke of Momorencie,
chiese Marhall of Fraunce, Gouernour and Lieutenant
of the Isle of Fraunce, Generall to Charles the ninth Lying
of Fraunce, and Paule de Foix of the priuie Counrell to the
faide King, and Bertrandede Saligners, Lozde de la Mothe-
fenalon, Knightes of the order of Saint Michael, Emballa-
doys for the same King, arryued at Douer.

The foureteenth day they shotte London bridge towards
Somerset house at the Strande, where they were lodged.

The fiftieth daye beþng Sundaye, the Saide Embassadours repaynd to the White hall, where they were honoza-blye receyued of the Quænes Maiestie, with hir Nobilitie, and there in hir Graces Chappell, aboute one of the cloche in the afternone, the Articles of treatie, league oë confederacie and sure friendship (concluded at Blois the mincteenth of Apzill, as is afoze thewed) betwirt the Quænes Maiestie, and the Frenche King, being read, the same was by his Haiestie and his Embassadours confirmed, to be obserued and kepte, wythout innovation oë violation, etc. The release of that day wyth great part of the night following was spent in great triumph, with sumptuous banquets.

The eightieth of June the seaffe of Saint George was
holden at Windsor, where the French Embassadoures were
royally seafed, and Frauncis Duke of Momorencie, was
stalled Knight of the seaffe honoizable order of the Gar-
ter.

The eight and twentith daye of June, the afoze named
Emballadoures departed from London towards Fraunce.

The foureteenth of June, Thomas Lozde Wharton des-
ceafled in his house of Chanon Rowe at Westminster.

The thirteenth daye of July, the Quænes Maiestie at White hall made fir William Cecil Lozde of Burghley, Lozde highe Treasozer of Englande: Lozde William Hawarde late Lozde Chamberlaine, Lozde priuie Seale: The Earle of

Suffe.

The Duke of
Norffolke be-
headed.

French Embas-
fadors.

League vvith
Fraunce confir-
med at V Vest-
minster.

S. Georges feaſt
at V Windsor.

Lorde Treaso-
er, Lord priuie
Seale. L. Cham-
berlaine, vyvyth
other officers.

## Queene Elizabeth.

Suffes, Loode Chamberlaine: fir Thomas Smith principall
Secretarie: and Christopher Hatton Esquier, Captaine of
the Guarde, &c.

The two and twentith of August, Thomas Percie Earle
of Northumberlande, late of Topcliffe, who hadde bæne hæfzoze
attainted by Parliament of highe Treason, as bæwng one
of the principall conspiratoures in the late rebellion, and
nowe broughe oute of Scotlande, whether he hadde fledde,
was beheaded at Yorke, aboute two of the clocke in the after-
noonne, on a newe Scaffolde set vppe for that purpose in the
Market place.

Earle of Northumberland
beheaded.

In this moneth of Auguste, fir Thomas Smith one of the
Duænes Maiesties privie COUNcell, carefully tending the
reformation of Irelande, sent hys Sonne Thomas Smith Es-
guyze thither, with a Colonie of Englishemen, to inhabite the
Ardes in Vlster.

Englishmen sente
to Vlitar in Ires
lande.

Richarde Pipe: Nicholas Woodroffe, the 28.of Septeinber.
Sir Lionell Ducket Mercer, the 28.of October.

Sherifes.
Major.

The eypightenth of Nouember in the moznpyng, was
sène a Starre Northwarde verpe brighte and cleare in the
Constellation of Caffopeia, at the backe of hir Chaire, whi-
che the width thée chiefe fired Starres of the saide Constellati-
on, made a Geometrical figure losinge, wise, of the learned
meine called Rombus: thys Starre in bignesse at the fyzitte
appearing ſeemed bigger than Iupiter, and not muche lesse
than Venus when the ſeemeth greateſt: also the ſaid Starre
neuer changing hys place, was carrped about with the day-
lye motion of Heauen, as all ſired Starres commonlype are,
and so contynued (by little and little, to the eye appearyng
lesse) for the space of almoſke ſiretæne Moneths, at what
ſyme it was so small, that rather thoughte by exercise of
offe viewpyng myghte imagine the place, than any epe
coulde iudge the presence of the ſame: and one thyng
is herein chieſlype to be noted, that by the learned ſkill and

Anno reg. 15
A ſtrange Starre
appeared.

Doo. yf. conſ.

1164

## Queene Elizabeth.

con sent of the best and most expert Mathematicians, which obserued the state, property and other circumstances, belon- ging to the same Starre) it was found to have bin in place Celestiall farre aboue the Mone, other wife than euer anye Comet hathe bin ſene, or naturally can appære. There- foze it is ſupposed, that the ſignification thereof is directed purposely and specially to some matter not naturall, but ce- lestiall or rather ſuperecelestiall, so Kraunge as from the be- ginning of the worldde neuer was the like.

The four and twentith of November, Edward Earle of Darbie, Lord Stanley, and Strange, of Knocking, Lord and Co- uernoiz of the Isle of Man, Knight of the noble order of the Garter, and one of the Queenes Maiesties private Councell, deceaſſed at his house called Latham in Lancashire. His life and death deſeruing commendation, and crauing memorie to be imitated, was ſuche as followeth. His kidelitie unto two Kings, and two Queenes in daungerous times, and greate rebellions, in whyche time, and alwayes, (as cauſe ſerued.) He was lieutenant of Lancashire and Cheshire, and lately offered tenne thousande men to the Queenes Pate- itie of his owne charge for the ſuppuration of the last rebelli- on. His godlye disposition to his tenantes, neuer forcing a- nye ſeruice at their hands, but due payment of their rent. His liberalitie to ſtrangers, and such as thewed themselves gratefull to him. His famous house keeping, 220, in check- roll neuer discontinuing ſpace of eſt. pere. His ſeeding el- pectually of aged perſons twice a day. Ir. & od, beſtis al corners thzice a weeke appoynted for hys dealing dayes, and euerpe Gwd Friday these rrrb. yeres one with another, 2700, with meate, drinke, money, and money wozth. There was ne- uer Gentleman or other that waited in his ſeruice, but had allowance from him to have as wel wages as otherwise for his house and man. His yearely poſtion for the dispenſes of hys house 4000. L. His cunning in fetting bones diſpoynſed for 2 broke. His deliuery of hys George and Heale to the Lord Straunge, wyth exhortation, that hee myghte kepe it so.

unſpotted

Earle of Darby
deceased.

## Queene Elizabeth.

unspotted in скелitie to his Prince as he had, and his toye
that he dyed in the Quænes Fanoure, his toypull parting
thys world, his takyng leaue of all his seruants by shaking
of hands, and his remembraunce to the last dave.

The epght and twentith of Pouember, John Hall Cen-
kleman, and Ofwald Wilkinſon, late of Torke, and Gailour
of Torke Caſtell, (bæyng before arraigned and condemnnd
of treason) were dżawne from the Tomer of London to Tiborne,
and there hanged, bowelled and quartred.

Thys peare a greate and charpe froſt almoſte continual-
lye laffed, from before the keaſte of all Saints, till after the
keaſte of Epiphany of oure Lozde, wyth sometimes greate
and dæpe Snowes, and sometimes raines, whych froezed as
ſaſte as the ſame ſell to the ground, where-through at Wro-
tham in Kent, and manye other places, the armes & boughes
of træes, being ouer-charged wyth Ice, bize off, and ſel fro
the klockes of the ſame træes, also the wind continued norθ
and eath, till after the Ascention day, wyth charpe froſtes,
and Snowes, whereby followed a late Spring.

The twelfth of January, William Lozde Haward Ba-
ron of Effingham, Lozde priuie Seale, Knight of the noble
order of the Carter, and one of the priuie Councell, deceaſ-
fed at Hampton Courte.

The epghtenth of January, William Lozde Somerſet,
Earle of Worceſter, beganne hys iozney towardes Fraunce,
to the chriſtning of the Kings daughter there, in ſteade of the
Quænes Maiestie of Englande, who ſente wyth hym a Font
of Golde for that purpose, wepghing 226. ounces.

The ſaide Earle wyth mane of his company were rob-
bed upon the Sea by Pyzates, of muche of their baggage,
and thzœ of four of their men ſaine.

In Fraunce he and his traine were honoſablye receyued.

At the chriſtning he gaue the chylde to name Elizabeth,
and returned into Englande the ſeauen and twentith of Fe-
bnuarpe.

In the Poneth of February, through ſundry hainous co-
Dddd.itf. plaintes

Hall and VVilf
Kinfon executed

G-eare froſte &
a sharp vvinter,

Lorde priuie
Seale deceaſſed

Earle of VVor
ceſſer ſente into
Fraunce.

Earle of VVor
ceſſer robbed
on the Sea.

1164

## Queene Elizabeth.

plaintes brought to the Quænes Paiestie and hir Counsel
of Pyrates that kepte the narrowe seas, doing manpe rob-
beries, as also the robbing of the Earle of Worcester, (as is
afozefaid) hir Highnesse, by the aduice of hir honozable coun-
sell, toke order wyth the Lozde Admirall of Englande, that
he shoulde sende to the Seas chippes and men to scowre the
narrow Seas, and to appzehende so manpe Pyrates chips,
as mighte be mette with: and soz the better doing thereof,
it pleased hir Paiestie to sende one of hir owne chippes na-
med the Swallowe, to be the Admiral, under the charge of
William Holstocke of London Esquyrse, Comptroller of hyz
Highnesse chippes, who hadde wyth hym the Gyllian, the
Barke Garet, and the Barke of Yarmouth, and 360. able mar-
riners, gunners & souldiours in the saide thizé chippes, and
and one Barke whyche scowzed the narrowe seas, from the
North Fozelande as farre Westwardes as Falmouth in
Cornwall, and toke twentie chippes and Barkes of sundry
nations, viz. English, Frenche and Flemings, (but all Pla-
rates) and in fashion of warre. He appzehended in those
chippes and Barkes to the number of 900. men of all nati-
ons, and sent them to warde to Sandwich, Dover, Wighte and
Portsmouth, (wherof thizé of them that robbed the Earle of
Worcester, were thoztlye after executed at Wight) also the said
William Holstocke, did rescue and take from the abouesaide
Pyrates chippes fiftzène other Merchant chippes, laden with
Marchandise, that were their prizes, being of sundry nati-
ons, and set at libertie the said fiftzène Perchaunt chippes
and godes, whiche done, he returned to Portsmouth, and
there ended his boypage in March.

Peter Ramus in hys Commentaries of the wars of France,
writing thus. The Earle of Worcester passing into France,
certaine Frenchemen and Flemings set vppon hym, toke from
him one of his chips and kylled certaine of hys men, where-
bpon the Quæne of Englande takving displeasure, sente the
Lozde Admirall (faith he) wherein he millkowe the matter,
soz Maiſter William Holſtocke was ſente (as is afozelaide)
who.

Pyrates on the
V West Seas.

Pirats executed.

Peter Ramus.

## Queene Elizabeth.

who set upon all the chippes French and Flemings, toke and carried awaye what so came to hande, so that rr. of Mon-gomerics chippes were loft, who was goyng to Rochell, with the number of siftie chippes well furnished oute of Englande, wyth money there borrowed, (but neuer repayed:) thus his naue being diminished of thos twenty chippes, when he saw the kings naue nere to Rochel, he directed his course an other way, landed at Bel Isle, and toke bothe the Isle and Caffel.

The fourth of Marche, a man was hanged in chaines in Saint Georges fielde be yonde Southwarke of London, foz murde, the the Caplour of Horsham in the same fielde.

The seauenteenth of Marche deceaſſed Reinolde Grey of Rutten, Carle of Kent, at Herneſey, and was buried at Saint Giles withoute Creeplegate.

Aboute the same time dyed Edmonde Lozde Chandos.

The five and twentith of Marche, be yng Wednesday in Caffer wéeke, and the feaffe of the Annunciation of our La-by, George Browne cruelly murdered two honest men nere unto Shooters hill in Kent, the one of them was a wealtlie Merchant of London, named George Saunders, the other Iohn Bean of Wolwich, whyche murder was committed in maner as followeth.

In Tuisdaye in Caffer wéeke (the foure and twentith of Marche) the faide George Browne recepuing ſecreate in ſtelligence by letter fro Maſſresse Anne Drewrie, that mai-ſter Saunders ſhoude lodge the ſame night at the house of one Maſſer Barnes in Woolwiche, and from thence goe on toke to Saint Mary Cray the nerſe mozning, lap in wayte foz him by the wape, a little from Shooters hill, and there flewe bothe hym and Iohn Bean, ſeruant to Maſſer Barnes : but Iohn Bean haupng ſenne oz eleauen woundes, and bæyng left foz dead, by Gods prouidence reuied agayne, and crée-ping awaye on all foure, was founde by an olde manne and his maiden, and conueped to Woolwiche, where he gaue euil-dent markes of the murtherer.

Dodd.lit.

Imne-

A man hanged in Saint Georges fielde.

Earle of Kent deceaſſed.

1573

George Saunders
murdered at
Shooters Hill,

1163

## Queene Elizabeth.

Immediately upon the decede doing, Browne sent Maikresse Drewrie, whereof by Roger Clement, (among them called Truffie Roger) he himselfe repaired to the Court at Greenewiche, and anone after him came there the report of the murther also. Then departed he thence unto London, and came to the house of Maikresse Drewrie, where, though he spake not personallye wyth him, after consideration hadde with him servant Truffie Roger, the provided him twentie pounde that same daye, so the whych the laide certaine plate of him owne, and of Maikresse Saunders to guage. In the nerte morrowe being Thursday (hauing intelligence, that Browne was soughte so) they sent hym fire poundes more by the same Roger, warning hym to shift so himselfe by flight, whysche thing he founded not to do: neuerthelesse the Lords of the Quænes Maieities Councell, caused speedy and narrowe searche to be made so hym, that upon the eight and twentith of the same moneth, he was apprehended in a man's house of his owne name at Rochester, and being brought backe againe to the Court, was examined by the Councell, to whom he confessed the decede as you haue hearde, and that he had often times before pachten ded sought to do the same, by the investigation of the sape Maikresse Drewrie, who had promised to make a marriage betweene hym & Maikresse Saunders, (whome he weded to loue excellently) neuerthelesse he protested (though he untrulye) that Maikresse Saunders was not pinte no consenting thereunto. Upon his confessiò he was arraigned at King's Bench in Westminster hall the viij. of April, where he acknowledged himselfe guiltie, and was condempned as principal of the murder, according to which sentence, he was executed in Smithfield on Monday the 11. of April, at which time also untruly (as the hir selfe confessed afterward) he laboured by al meanes to clear Maikresse Saunders of committing euill of his body with him, and then flung himselfe besides the Ladder: he was after hanged by in chaines neare unto the place where he had done the facte.

George Brovyn
hanged in Smith
fielde.

In

## Queene Elizabeth.

In the meane time miftresse Drewry & hir man being eme-<br>amined, as well by their owne confessions, as by falling out<br>of the matter, (and also by Browns appeachment thought<br>culpable) were committed to warde. And after miftresse<br>Saunders being delivered of child, and churched (foz at the<br>time of hir hufbands death the loked presently to lie downe)<br>was upon miftresse Drewryes mans confession, and other<br>great likelyhodes, likewise committed to the Tower, and<br>on Wednesday the sixth of May, arraigned with miftresse<br>Drewry at the Guild ball, the effect of whole enditemet was,<br>that they by a letter written, had bin procurers of the sayde<br>murther, and knowing the murther done, had by money<br>and otherwise relieved the murtherer, whereunto they<br>pleaded not giltie, howbeit, they were both condemned as<br>acceffaries to Mafter Saunders death, and executed in<br>Smithfield the thirteenth of May, being Wednesday in the<br>Whitson wéeke, at which time they both confessed them-<br>selues giltie of the fact. Trutty Roger, miftresse Drewryes<br>man was arraigned on Fryday the eygth of May, and bee-<br>ing there condemned as accellarie, was executed with his<br>miftresse, at the time and place aforesayd. Not long after,<br>Anthony Browne, brother to Anthony Broome, was so renamed<br>George Browne, and there hanged.

Aane Sanders,<br>Anne Drewry,<br>& trutty Roger<br>hanged.

Anthony<br>Brovyne han-<br>ged at Yorke.

The tenth of Aprill, Seauen Pirates, which (among o-<br>ther) had bin taken on the North Seas, were ledde from<br>Southwarke to Wapping, and kine of them were there hanged,<br>the other two had their pardon at the gallowes.

Pirates hanged at<br>V Vapping.

The Seauenteenth of Aprill, a Chandlers wife without<br>Aldreds gate of London, who had practised hir hufbands death<br>by popfoning and other wayes, was set on the Pillozy in<br>Cheape, with threé other women, who had bin of hir coun-<br>sell, two of them were with hir there whipped.

Four vvomen<br>on the Pillorie.

This peare, the Quænes maiestie of Englande being mo-<br>ned by the Regent of Scotlande, in the behalfe of the yong<br>King of Scottes hir Cousen, sente a power of 1500, English-

Ayd sent into<br>Scotlåd against<br>the Castell of<br>Edenborough,

DAdd. h. men,

117º

## Queene Elizabeth.

men to the ſege of Edenborough Caffell, Sir William Drew-
ry Knight, Marhall of Barwike, to be Cenerall of hir forces
there, with Captaynes as foloweth, Sir Francis Ruffell
Knight, Captayne Reade of Barwike, as these folowing also,
Captayne Yaxley, Captayne Wood, Captayne Brickwell,
Captayne Pikeman, Captayne Gamme, Captayne Cace,
Captayne Carew, Captayne Erington Prouost Marhall,
Captayne Astoll, Captayne Sterlee Captayne of the Dio-
ners, and Captayne Barton also of the Pioners. Diuers
other Gentlemen also went thither to ſerve of their owne
free Willes, as Sir George Carie Knight, Sir Henry Lee
Knighte, Payſter Thomas Cecil, Maſter Michaell Carie,
Payſter Henry Carie, Payſter William Knolles, Payſter
Thomas Sutton, Payſter Cotton, Payſter Kelway, Payſter
Dier, Payſter Tilney, Payſter William Killigrew, Payſter
Wiliam Selby, and other. Sir William Drewry with the
Captaines, Gentlemé, & number of ſouldiers before ſen-
tioned, passed from Barwike to Lieth, fro whence, on the rrb.
day of Aprill, they marched on to Edenborough, entred this town,
& the same day ſommoned in Caffell in fozme as followeth:

Theo, Churchyard.

Sir William Kirkandie, sometime of Graunge Knighte,
foz as much as the Quænes Maiestie my ſoueraigne Lady,
upon the earnest request of hir deare cosin this King of Hots,
your ſoueraign Loode, made to hir highnesse by his regent
nobilitie, and states of this realme, after al good meanes bu-
sed to haue reduced you to dutifull obedience of his authozi-
ty by treatie, which hitherto you haue not duely hearkened
unto, to the only hinderaunce of the vniiuerſall peace in this
realme, by withholding that his highnesſe Caffle, meaning
as it ſeemeth, to ſerve the ſame foz a receptacle of ſozraine
forces, to the manifeſt daungers both of this realme, and of
my ſoueraigneſſe, and thereſoze neceſſarie to remoue ſo pe-
rilous a daunger to both the realmes, foz which considera-
tion hir Maiestie hath ſente hir ayde and ſuccours of men,
ordinaunce and munition, under my charge and leading,
for the repugnation and reconerie of the ſayde Caffel, to the
ſaide

Elizabeth.

## Queene Elizabeth.

1171

saide Kings vse and behalfe, and therefore according to hye
Maiesties commandement and commission, this shall be in
due manner to warne, require and summon you, that you
render and deliver the saide Caskell, with the whole ordinance,
artillerie, munitions, Jewels, houstholde kuffe and
such other implements within the same, to me and the vse
and behalfe of the King your soueraigne, and his regent in
his name, immediately after this my letter of Summons,
oz knowledge of the same, shall come to you, which if you o-
bep, as of duetie you oughte, then shall I in hir Maiesties
name enterpone my selfe to trauaile with the regent, count-
sel, and nobilitie here, for your safetie and your liues.
Other-wise if you continue in your former oblikinacie, abyding the
Canon, then no further to loke grace or kavour, but you
and the rest within that Caskell to be pursued to the utter-
moff, and holden as enemies to hir maiestie, your owne so-
veraigne & Countrep. Giuen at Edenburgh by me, fir William
Drurie Knighte, general of hir Maiesties forces nowe in
Scotland, this rrb. of April. 1573.

The Lord Grange Captain of the Caskell, notwithstanding
this somonace, refused to enterly to peld the Caskell, who therupon
received such and were for general, as fowde not to his con-
tentation. Hereupon were the Pioners set in hand to caille
trenches, and to raise mounts in places convenient, to plat
the ordinance upon. And then began the siege of the Ca-
kell in five places, where were erected 5. mounts. The first
was for the regent called the King mount. The second for
the William Drurie general there. The third was governed
by Sir George Carie. The fourth by Sir Henrie Lee. The
fifth by Maitker Thomas Sutton Maitker of the ordinance in
the part of Englande. There was at this time as
is reported 1500. Englishmen, and of Scottes five hundred,
there was also one with another pieces of Artillery 30. fire
Canons, nine halfe Canons, 3r Culuerings, 3r Sakers.
They within spared not to below such as they had, as well
at the pioners as Coulidours, in so much as diverse were hurt,
and

## Queene Elizabeth.

and some slayne, befoze the trenches and mountes might be
brought to perfection, but they within escaped not free, espe-
tially after that the trenches and mountes were brought
in state to defende the assaylants, who watching and war-
ding in the trenches, answered them within the Caffell be-
ry roughly. On the rby. of May, began the battery of the
Caffell, so that there were rrr. Canons thotte off against the
same, and so well bestowed at Danids Tower, that by the ru-
ines therof then and after, the force of the English Canons
were easie to be fœne. The rby. rix. and rr. of May, the Ca-
nons and Demp Canons were not pple, but the rrj. the
whole battery began on each side the Caffell, from the tren-
ches and mounts very hotly, and kill they within ceased
not to make answer againe with their artillery, killing and
hurting diuers both English and Scottes, but such was the dis-
ligence of the English Cunners, that they displaced the Di-
dinance in the Caffell, and stroke one of their chiefe Ca-
nons iust in the mouth, whereby the same was broken in
pieces. The rrbj. of May, the assault was giuen at feauen of
the clocke in the morning to the Spurre, which by the hardy
manhowde of the assaylants was wonne, and was no former
entred by the Englishmen, but that the Generals Ensigne
was thewed, and spread upon the front and toppe thereof,
to the great discomfort of them within the Caffell. In the
meane time, whilest these were appoynted to give the af-
sault thus to the Spurre, there were certayne Englishmen and
Scottes commaunded to make a countenance of an assault at
the West side of the Caffell, whereby those that assaulted
the Spurre, might the more easilie obteyne their purpose, but
they ralhly aduenturing farther than they had in command-
ment, were beaten backe and repulsed, with rrbij. or rrr.
of their company slayne and hurt. The same day towarde
night, they within the Caffell by a Drumme demaunded
parley, which being graunted, with assurance of all hostili-
tie from that houre vnto the rrbij. of May, the Lord Peter-
roce was let downe by a rope from the Caffell, and after
ward

## Queene Elizabeth.

Ward the Lord Graunge himselfe Captayne of the Caffell, and Robert Meluin came likewise downe to take with the Generall, and such other as were appoynted to accompany him: hereupon at length, to wæte the said rrbity day of May, the Caffell was surrendered into the hands of Sir William Drewry, and so it restred in his possession for the time, and his Ensigne was set vp and spread during the same time, in sundry places of the Caffell, and afterwards to the great honoz of England, by him it was delivered vnto the use of the King of Scottes, and part of the Spople of the Caffell was given to the Souldpers, the Canons and Artillerie, with cer- kayne other instruments, left to the King. If the Englishmen by force had taken it, it was decreed that they should hane had the whole Spople except the Artillerie, and so should hane enjoyed it by the space of threes dayes.

### Causes of deliuerie of the Caffell were these:

1. Lacke of water: the well within the Caffel was top-ped and destled by the ruines of the Caffell: the other well without the Caffell could not serve them, for that there was a mount made to hinder them. Another water there was which was unknowne to them which were without, and was taken from them when the *Spurre* of the Caffell was taken, out of the which they were wont to haue a pint a day for every Souldier.

2. Diners fiche.

3. Diners hurt.

4. Not many to mapntepne of Caffel, which had no space to take any rent, they were so plyed and ouerwaryed.

5. Diners deuided in opinion.

6. Some were no Souldpers.

7. No ayde was to be loked for.

The r.v. of June, the prisoners were delivered by the sayd Sir William Drewry, in presence of sundry Scottes and Englishmen, vnto the Regent, and that done, the same day, the sayd Sir William Drewry with his power departed to-ward Barwike. The names of the prisoners were these, Sir-

William

Edenborough
Caffell yeelded
to the English-
men.

1174

Queene Elizabeth.

William Kerkandie Larde of Graunge, and Captaine of the
Caffell of Edenburgh. The Lord Hume. The Lord Leding-
ton Secretarie. The Lord of Peterroe Conestable of the ca-
tel. The Countesse of Arguile. The Lady of Ledington. The
Lady of Graunge, with others.

The by. of June betwene the hours of one and two of
the clocke in the afternoone, a greate tempeck of hayle and
rapne happened at Toester in Northamptonshire, where thoso-
ughe fire houses in that Town were bozne down, and rilg,
more soze perished with the waters which rose of that tem-
peck, the haile kones were square and fire ynches about one
childe was there drowne, and many théepe and other caf-
tel, whiche when the Water was fallen, manpe of them
were lying on the hyghe hedges, where the waters had left
them.

The rbi. of June Thomas Woodhoue, a prikke of Lin-
colneshire, who had laine long prisoner in the Fleete, was ar-
raigned in the Guilde Hall of London, and there condemned of
highe treason, who hadde iudgemente to be hanged and
quartered, and was executed at Tiborne the nineteenth of
June.

The rbi. of August, Walter Carle of Essex, accompanied
with the Lord Rich, and diverse other gentlemen, imbarked
themselues in feueral lippes at Leirpoole, and the winde
sitting very well, toke their voyage forwardes Ireland. The
Carle after many and great daungers on the sea, at length
wanne Copemans Islands, from whence in a Pinife of cap-
taine Perces he was brought safe to Knock fergus. The Loze
Riche with the like dangers landed at Caffel Kilcliffe, where
being mette by Captaine Malby, Maister Smith, and Pap-
fer Moore Pentioners, was conducted to Inche Abbey Mas-
fer Malbis house, where he had in a readinesse on the moz-
rown morning a hundzed and fiftie hozflemen for their safe-
guarde to Knocke fergus, beside fiftie Hernes which wente a
fote through the Wooddes: there was amongst these a thir-
tie bowes with a Baggepipe, the rest had Darkes. Sir Bri-

an.

Haile in Nor-
champtonshire.

The VVood-
houfe.

Earle of Essex
and the L.Rich
with other fay-
led into Ireland.

## Queene Elizabeth.

an Makephelin had praped the Countrey, and taken awaye
what was to be carried oz driuen, but on the birth of Sep-
tember he came to *Knockefergus* to the Earle of *Essex*, and
there made his submission: the number of Lyne were effect-
med thirtie thousande, beside théepe and twine.

After him Ferdoroughghe Macgillaſtike, the blinde Scottes
ſonne, Roze, Oge, Macwilline did the like, and diuerſe other
ſent their meſſengers to the Earle, to ſigniſe that they were
at his Lordships diſpoſition, as the Barron of *Dorgarrow*,
*Condenel*, *Odonel*, and the Captaine of *Kyluto*. The Earle of
*Essex* hauing the Countrey of *Clanyboy* and other.

The Quænes Maiestie of England directed his letters to
the Lord deputie of Irelaſd, willing him to make by commi-
sion the Earle of Esſex Captaine generall of the Irishe nati-
on in the province of Vlſter, and to deuide the country won,
Clenyboy and elsewhere etc.

Earle of Esſex
captain generall
of Vlſtar in
Ireland.

James Haruy: Thomas Pulliſon, the 28.of September.

Iohn Riuers Grocer, the 28.of October.

Sherifes
Mator.

The ri.of October Peter Burchet Gentlemanne (of the
middle Temple) with hys dagger, sodainly allapled, cruelly
wounded, and ment to haue murdered a ſeruifable Gen-
tleman named Iohn Hawkins Esquire, as he with fir Willi-
am Winter, and another gentleman, rode towards Westmin-
ſter, in the high ſtate neare to the Strande, beyond the Te-
ple barre of London, ſo, which fact the ſapd Burchet being ap-
prehended and committed to the Tower, was after erami-
ned concerning the facte, who anſWERed that he toke the
ſayde Mayſter Hawkins ſo, another Gentleman, and being
further examined, he was founde to holde certaine errone-
ous opinions, ſo, the which he was ſente to the Lollardes
Tower, from thence being called into ſ conſiltozie of Pauls
Church, beſoze ſ right reuerend father Edwin B. of London,
other, ſ by them examined, he ſkode in his opinions, till ſ
sentence

Peter Bouchet
vvoſed uſtaltg
Havvkens.

Peter Burchet
found to be an
Hereticke

1176

Queene Elizabeth.

sentence of death, as an heretike was readie to have bin
pronounced against him on the fourth of November, but
through the earneſt perſwasions of divers learned men,
who toke great paynes in that matter, he renounced, ſo,
twoze, and abiured his opinions ſo erroneous and dam-
nable, proniſing neuer to returne to them, and alſo wil-
lingly to do and perſoine all ſuch penance as the Wilhop
his ordinarie should enioyne him. The ix. of November the
ſapd Peter Burchet was remoued from the Lowlands Tower
to the Tower of London, where on the nerte mozrow about
none, whileſt one that had kept him company was gone
downe, and locked the doze after him, leauing another with
him called Hugh Longworth, who ſtoode at the window rea-
ding in the Wyble, the ſapd Burchet walking vp and downe
in the chamber, toke a billets end out of the fire, and knoc-
ked the ſapd Longworth on the head, and left not till he had
ſtriken him Karke dead, ſo the which on the next mozrow,
he was arraigned and condemned at Westminster, and then
returned to Somerſet house, where he remayned that nighe,
and on the next mozrow, being the twelfth of November,
he was brought to the gibbet, where after his right hande
being ſtriken off, and napled to the gibbet, he was hanged
nigh the place where he wounded maſker Hawkins.

This peare about Lammas, wheate was ſold at London
ſo threethillings the bushell, but shortly after it was rep-
ſed to four ſhillings, ſive ſhillings, ſire ſhillings, and before
Christmas to a noble and ſeauen ſhillings, which ſo con-
tinued long after: beeſe was ſold ſo twenty pence, and two
and twenty pence the ſtone, and all other ſlesh and white
meates at an erceſtine price, all kind of salt fish very dure,
as ſyue hearings two pence etc. yet great plentye of ſrefthe
ſihe, and oft times the ſame very cheape : peafe at ſoure
Shillings the bushell, otemeale at ſoure Shillings eyghſ
pence : bay salt at threethillings the bushell etc. All thys
dearth notwithstanding (thankes be giuen to God) there
was no want of any thing to him that wanted not money.

The

Peter Burchet
abiured his he-
refie, and sub-
mitted himſelfe
to do penance.

Peter Burchet
Killeth ius kee-
per.

Peter Burchet
hanged.

Anno reg. 16

Dearth with-
out ſcarcitie.

## Queene Elizabeth.

1177

The fourth of Aprilill being Palme Sunday, there was taken saying of Masse in the Loode Morleis house within Aldgate of London, one Albon Dolman Priest, and the Lady Morley with his children and diuers others, were also taken hearing of the sayde Masse. There was also taken the same day and houre for saying Masse at the Lady Gilfordes in Trinitie Lane, one Oliuer Heywood Priest, and for hearing of the sayd Masse, the sayde Lady Gilford, with diuers other Gentlewomen. There was also taken at the same instant in the Lady Brownes house in Cow Lane for saying Masse, one Thomas Heywood Priest, and one John Couper Priest, with the Lady Browne: and diuers other, were likewise taken, being hearers of the sayd Masse. All which persons were for the same offences indicted, convicted, and had the law according to the Statute in that case provided. There was also found in their Seuerall Chappels, dpuers latin Bokes, Beades, Images, Palmes, Challices, Crosses, Aestments, Pires, Pares, and such like.

Countie Montgomery was taken in Normandy in the Cattell of Donfro, on the rrbij of May.

1574

Priests saying Masse appreheended.

The ir. of July, at fire of the clocke at night, in the Isle of Thanet besides Ramesgate in the Parish of Saint Peter under the Cliff, a monstrous fish or Whale of the Sea did showe himselfe on shone, where for want of water, beating himselfe on the lands, he dyed about fire of the clocke in the next morning, before which time he roared, and was heard more than a mile on the land. The length of this Fish was two and twenty pards, the nether iaw twelue fote the opening, one of his eyes being taken out of his head, was more than fire hozle in a cart could draw, a man stwode by right in the place from whence the eye was taken, the thicknesse from the backe whereon he lay, to the toppe of his bellie (which was upward) was fourteene fote, his faple of the same breadth, betwene his eyes twelue fote, thre me stwode by right in his mouth, some of the ribbes were rbj. fote log, his tong was rb. fote long, his liver two cart loade, into

C.Cee. his

A monstrous fish, but not so monstrous as some reported, for his eyes being great, yvvere in his head, and not in his backe

1178

Queene Elizabeth.

his noſſrels any man might haue crept: the ople being boy,
led out of the head was Parmaſitie, the oile of his body was
whitithe, and ſwéte of taffe.

The ſeauenth of Auguſt, a ſolempne Obſequie was kept
in Saint Paules Church at London for Charles the ninth King
of Fraunce, who being popſoned, deceaſed on the thyltith of
May taffe before palled.

The fifteenth of Auguſt, being Sunday, Agnes Bridges
a maide about the age of rr. yeres, & Rachell Pinder a wench
about the age of ri. or ri yeres olde, who both of them hadde
counterfaited to be posſeffed by the diuel (whereby they had
not onely marnellonſpe deluded many people, both menne
and women, but also diuers such persons, as otherwise ſee-
med to be of good wit and understanding) taffe before the
Praeacher at Paules Crotſe, where they acknowledged the
hypocritical counterkayting, wyth penitent behautiures,
requyding forgiueneſſe of God and the world, and the peo-
ple to pray for them. Also their ſeverall examinations and
conſessions were there openly read by the Preacher, and al-
terwards published in Pint, for the further poſteritie here-
after to beware of the like deceivers.

The fourth of September in the afternoone, such a ſtoom
of rayne happened at London, as the like of long time could
not be remembred, where through the Chanels of the City
ſodainelye ryping, ran with ſuche ſoſcible course towards
the common chozes, that a lad of the age of eighteene yeres,
minding to haue leapte ouer the Chanell nere into Down-
gate, was bozne ouer with the ſtreame, and by the ſame car-
ped from the Conduit there, towardes the Thamis, wyth
ſuche a swiktnesse, that no man wyth ſtanes or other wayes
could eſtape hym, till he came againſke a Cart whéle that
ſtode in the water gate, afore which time he was drowned
and ſkarke dead.

Thomas Blanke: Anthony Gammage, the 28. of Septemb.
James Hawe: Clothworker, the 28. of October.

This Paioz wente by water to Westminſter, and there
ſtoke.

Obſequie at
Paules for the
Frenche Kynz.
Peter Ranus.

Agnis Bridges
& Rachell Pin-
der at Paules
Crotſe for coun-
terkayting to be
poſſeffed.

A lad of 13. yeres
olde drovned
in a Chanell at
London.

Sherifes.
Major.

## Queene Elizabeth.

1179

No Maiors
fearle at Guild
hill.

fke his othe, as hathe bin accuffomed: he kepte no feak at
the *Guyld hall*, althoughe greate p[ro]ouistion hadde b[ee]ne made
fo[ze] that purpose, but dyned at his owne house, wyth his b[re]-
th[en] the Aldermen: the Companies dined at they[er] seueral
Halles. This was done by appointment of the Qu[e]enes
Paiellies Councell, to auoide infection of the plague,
like to haue encreased by comming togither of such a multi-
tude. This w[ee]ke from the two and twentith to the eighte
and twentith of October, deceafled in the Citie and Liber-
ties contayning 108, parifhes of al d[is]feales 166, of the whi-
the number 75. were accompted to dye of the plague.

Terme adior-
ned,

T[wo] tydes in
one houre.

Michaelmasse Terme, whyche hadde b[ee]ne adiourned by Proclamation, began at Westmin[ster] on the sixth of No[v]ember. The same fifth dave in the morning, there hap[ned] two greate Tydes at London in the Thamis, the firſt by course, the other within one houre after, which ouerflowed the Marſhes, with many b[au]lts & ſellers neare adiopnyng.

The foureteenth of Pouember, being Sundape, aboute
midnight following, diuers ſtrange impreſsions of fire and
smoke were ſene in the ayre, to p[ro]ceede ſw[orth] of a blacke
Cloude in the P[orth] towardes the South, whych ſo conti-
nued till the nerte m[orning] that it was day light. The nert
night following, the Heauens from all partes did ſeme to
burne maruellous ragingly, and ouer our heads, the flames
from the H[or]izon rounde aboute r[ys]ing did m[oe]te, and there
double and roll one in an other, as if it had b[ee]ne in a cleare
Fornace.

The eighteenth day at night were very ſtortmp & tempe-
ſkuous of windes oute of the South (I haue not knowne
the like out of that quarter) especially after midnight, till
the nerte m[orning] that it was day light. These are to be re-
ſeued as tokens of Gods w[iz]ath ready bente agaynſt the
lwo[ld]e fo[ze] ſinne nowe aboundyng, and also of his greate
mercie, who doeth but onely theſe the rod wherewith was
dayly deſerue to be beafen.

Anno reg. 17

Thys yeare at London after harneſt, the price of W[he]ate
began

C Cee. y.

1180

Queene Elizabeth.

began by little and little to fall, from seauen Shillings to thzeé Shillings the bushell, at which price it stayed (little oz nothing rising oz falling) all the yeare after, but bay salfe was raysed from thzé Shillings to soure Shillings, kue Shillings, and fire Shillings the bushell, the like whereof had neuer bin sène oz heard within this Realme.

Bay salt deare.

The four and twentith of February, the seast of Saint Ma-
thie, on whiche day, the faire was kepte at Tewkesburie, a
strange thing hapned there, foz after a cloud, which was not
great, but such as thereby the medowes nere adiopning
were couered with water, in the afternone there came
downe the Riuer of Seuerne greate numbers of flyes and
bætels, such as in Sommer evenings vse to strike men in
the face, in great heapes, a fote thicke aboue the water, to
that to credible mens iudgement, there were sène within a
paire of butte lengths of those flies aboue a hundred quar-
ters. The milles thereaboutes were damned up with them
foz the space of foure dayes after, and then were cleansed by
digging them out with chouels: from whence they came is
yet unknowne, but the day was cold and a hard frost.

Flyes in Febru-
ary, the number
strange,

The rrbj. of February, betwene soure and fire of the
clocke in the afternone, great Earthquakes happened in
the Cities of Torke, Woorcester, Glocester, Bristol, Hereford and
in the Countreys about, which caused the people to runne
out of their houses, foz feare they should haue fallen on
their heads. In Tewkesburie, Bredon, and other places, the
dishes fell from the cupbozds, and the Wokes in mens klu-
dyes from the chelues. In Norton Chappell, the people bæ-
ing on their knaes at euening prayer, the ground mowing,
caused them to runne away, in great feare that the dead
bodies woulde haue risen, oz the Chappell to haue fallen:
parte of Rythen Cattell fell downe, with certayne brieke
chimneys in Gentlemens houfes. The bell in the Shiere
hall of Denbigh was caused to toll twice by shaking of the
hall etc.

Earthquake.

On Easter day, which was the third of April, about ix.

ak

## Queene Elizabeth.

1181

of the clocke in the sozenone, was disclosed a congregation of Anabaptistes Dutchmen, in a house without the barres of Aldgate at London, whereof they were taken and sent to prison, and four of them bearing faggots recanted at Paules Creffe on the xv. day of May in forme as followeth.

1575

Annabaptistes
bare faggots at
Paules Creffe.

W Hereas I. L. T. R. H. being seduced by the Divell the spirit of errour, and by false teachers his Minillers, haue fallen into certayne mock detektable and damnable heresies, namely:

1. That Christ toke not flesh of the substance of the bleſsed virgin Mary.

2. That infants of the faithfull ought not to be baptized.

3. That a Christian man maye not be a Magistrate, or beare the word or office of authority.

4. That it is not lawfull for a Christian to take an othe.

Now by the grace of God, and through conference wyth god and learned Minillers of Christ his Church, I do command and acknowledge the same to be mock damnable, and detektable heresies, and do alke God, here before you Church, mercy for my layd former errours, and do fozfake them, recant and renounce them, and abature them from the bottom of my heart, p[ro]fessing that I certaynely believe

1. That Christ toke flesh of the substance of the bleſsed virgine Mary.

2. That infants of the faithfull ought to be baptized.

3. That a Christian man may be a Magistrate, or beare the word and office of authority.

4. That it is lawfull for a Christian to take an othe.

And further I confesse, that the whole Doctrine and Religion established and published in this Realme of England, as also that which is receyued and p[ra]sached in the Dutch Church here in this City, is found true, according to the word of God, whereunto in all things I submit my selfe,

CCee.iiij.

and

1182

## Queene Elizabeth

and will most gladly be a member of the said Dutch church,
from henceforth utterly abandoning and forsaking all and
utterly Anabaptist call errour.

This is my faith nowe in the Whiche I do purpose and
trust to stand firme,and fied fast unto the end, that I may
so doe,I believe you all to pray with me and so me, to God
the heauenlye father in the name of his Sonne our Sainouer.
Jesus Christ. The like recantation was made by them afterwardes in the Dutch Church.

The day, day of May, about midnight following, in right
reuerende Father in God Matthew Parker, Doctor of divinie,
Archbishop of Canterbury deceased at Lambeth, and
was there honozablve buried, on whose Tombe being of
blacke Marble, is written this Epitaph, made by Doctor
Walter Haddon.

Archbishop of
Canterburie
deceased.

Sobrius & prudens, studijs excultus & vfu,
Integer & vera religionis amans,
Matthæus vixit Parkerus, fonerat illum
Aula virum iuuenem, fonsit & aula senem.
Ordine res gesfit, recti defensor & equi:
Vixerat ille deo, mortuus ille deo est.

Walter Haddon.

This reverend Father examined thoroughly the English
translation of the holy Bibles, wherein he partly used the
helpe of his brethren Bishops, and other Doctors, and
caused the same to be newly printed in the large volume,
for the furniture of many churches then wanting. Also ma-
king diligent searche for the antiquities of the Brytons, and
English Saxons, to the end those monuments might be care-
fully kepte, he caused them to be well bounde and trimlye
couered, and such wherof he knewe very few examples to be
extant (among the which was Matthew Paris, Matthew Flo-
rilegus and Thomas Walsingham) he caused to be printed.
The famous Wallace of his sea at Canterbury, by long conti-
nuance decaped and consumed with fire, he renewed, buil-
ded, and fully復rested with the charges of more than rity. C. li.

He founded a Grammar Schole in Rachdale in the County

## Queene Elizabeth.

tie of Lancaster.

To Corpus Christi Colledge in Cambridge he procured 13 Schollerships, and bare the charges in making and furnishing two Chambers for scholars, and the inward Librarian of the same Colledge.

Item he gave to Y outward & inward Librarian of Y laide Colledge a godly companp of printed bokes, & a great number of written bokes of great antiquitie & muche value.

Item he procured to Y laide Colledge, Y patronage of S. Marie Abchurch in Londò. Item he hath founded two fellowships in Y laide Colledge, & procured one Charter of Mortmaine to the sum of C.li.by peare. Item he hath given to Y same Colledge of Siluer plate double guilte 309. ounces 3 quarters, & surrendered to them a lease with the improuement of Riity.pound viij.chillings pearely for 26⅔.yeares.

Item 100.R. to Y maintenance of a fter in Y Hall from Halamas to Candlemas, & by his last will & testament 500.R.

Item to diverse scholers chàbers within Y laide colledge, diuers bedfèds, with sufficient bedding & bokes to remaine for euer. Item he hath founded for euer v.Sermons to be preached in diverse places of Norffolke euery yeare in roga tion wéeke, & for chillings to be deuided at Norwich to Y pwre and other. Item to the Citie of Norwich one Balon & Ewre of Siluer and double guilt. 175 ounces.

Item to Y town of Matfal in Norffolke for euer an anuitie of 50.chillings to be deuided to the pwre, with a Sermon in Rogation wéeke.

Item to Gunnil and Caius Colledge one scholership, with a standing cup & a pot of Siluer double guilt 55. ounces thzée quarters, and one neff of goblets wyth a couer Siluer & gilt, with a number of god bokes to their Librarian.

Item to Trinitie Hall one scholership, a standing cup and a pot of Siluer and guilt, 53 ounces, a neaff of goblets Siluer and gilt with a couer, and bokes to their libzarie.

Item to the Universitie libzarie fiftie olde antient written bokes, and fiftie printed bokes.

CCee.iiff.

The

1184

Queene Elizabeth.

The rry. of Pap being Whitsteneuen, one man and ten women Anabaptists Dutch, were in the consistory of Paules condemned to be bzent in Smithfield, but after great paynes taking with them, only one woman was converted, the other were banished the land. On the first of June, the nine women being ledde by the Sheriffes officers, the man was tped to a Cart and whipped, and so all conueped from Newgate to the waters side, where they were whipped away neuer to returne agayne.

The rty. of June, stode at Paules Crosse five persons Englishmen, of the sect tearmed The family of loue, who there confessed themselves betterly to deteft as well the auθour of that sect H. N. as all hys damnabte errours and He- resies.

The rry. of July, two Dutchmen Anabaptists, were bzent in Smithfield, who dyed in great horroz with roaring and crying.

The xxx. of July in the afternoone was a great tempell of lightening and thunder, where through both men and beaktes in diuers places were striken dead. Also at that time fell great abundance of hayle, whereof the stones in many places were founde to be fire of seauen ynches about.

The fourth of September, being Sunday about seauen of the clocke in the moorning, a certayne Glasse house which sometime had bin the Crossed friers hall, nere to the Tower of London, bzaft out on a terrible fire, wherebnto, the Lord Haioz, Aldermen and Sheriffes with all expedition repaired, and practised there all meanes possible, by water, buckets, hokes, and otherwife to haue quenched it, all which notwithstanding, whereas the same house in a small time before had consumed great quantitie of wood by ma-king of fine drinking glasses, now it selfe hauing within it nere fortie thousand billets of wood, was all consumed to the stone walles, which walles greatly defended the fire from spreading farther, and doing any moze harme.

The

Annabaptistes
banished,

Five persons of
the familie of
loue stode at
Paules Crosse.

Annabaptistes
brent.

Thunder and
hayle.

The glasse
house brent.

## Queen Elizabeth.

1185

The rrbj.of September, a Pulters wife in the parish of Chykes church within Newgate of London, was deliuered & brought to bed of iiiij. children at one burden, al females, or maiden children, whiche were Chyktned by the names Elizabeth, Mary, Margaret, and Dorothy, and the same day Mo- neth the mother was buried, but al the soure children liuing and in god liking were bozne to church after his.

Foure chyldren at one burden.

Edward Osburne, Wolston Dixley, the 28. of September.
Ambrose Nicholas Salter, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Mator.

This Maioz went by water to Westminſter and there foke his othe as hathe bæne accustomed, he kepte no feaffe in the Gild-hall, but dyned at his owne house with his brathren the Aldermen and other. The Companyes dyned at their ſen- uerall Halles, &c. This was done as in the peare laſſe be- foze palled, to auoide the infection of the plague, whyche mygbte hane encreased by comming fogyther of greater number. That wéeke from the two and twentith vnto the eight and twentith of October, deceafled in the Citie and Liberties, of al diseases 132. of the which number 36. were accompted to dye of the plague. The next wéeke following ending the thirde of Mouember (thankes be gryuen to God therefoze) there deceafled of all diseases but 110. and of the of the plague but 26.

The eleauenth of Febzuary, Anne Aueries widowe, forswearing hirſelfe for a little mony that the should haue paid for ſire pounde of Towe, at a chop in Woodstreete of London, ſell immediately downe ſpæchleſſe, caſking vp at hir mouth in great abundance, and with hozible cinke, the ſame matter, whych by natures course should hane bin voided downwardes, til the dyed: a terrible example of Gods inſt iudge-ment upon such as make no conscience of swearing againſt khep brother.

Anno reg. 18
God punишeth Periurie.

The fiftieth of Febzuary, Edmond Grindale sometime Bishop of London, late Archbishop of Yorke, was in the Chal- terhouse of Saint Paules Churche at London, elected Archby- Hoppe of Canterbury.

Archbishop elec-
&d.

C Cee. v.

The

1186

## Queene Elizabeth.

Tylte boate
drovvned.

1576

Greene
hanged,

Frobishers firste
voyage for the
discouerie of
Cataya.

The fifth of Marche in the nighe, throughe a great flaw
of winde, then in the poorthweale, a Tylte Boate wyth a
boute the number of one and thirtie persons, menne and
women comming from Grauefend towarde London, were all
drowned, one boy excepted.

The xxx. of May, Tho. Greene Goldsmith was drawn
from Newgate of London to Tyborne, & there hanged, headed,
and quartered, for clypping of copne both gold and silver.

The fifteenth of June Martin Frobisher, being furnished
of Adventurers, with two small Barkes and one Pinnette
departed from Blacke wall, oppon hys bopage for the disco-
nerie of a passage to Cataya, by the Northweast Seas.

Upon the firste of July he hadde fighte (as he iudged) of
Freeslande, but durste not appoche the fame, by reason of the
greate Ice that lay alonge the coffe: not far from thence,
he hadde his Pinnette, and one of his Barkes, who mistru-
king the daunger of tempestes, retourned home, wyth re-
porte, that they Generall Martin Frobisher was caffe a-
wave, whych wortchie Captaine notwithstanding continu-
ed his course North-weast beyonde anye manne that hathe
heretofoze discovered, and the twentith of Julye had fighte
of a highe lande, whych he named Queene Elizabeths Fore-
lande, and after that another Fozelande with a greate pa-
sage, diuiding (as it were) the two maine landes alunder,
thys place he named Frobishers Straites. After he hadde pa-
sed firtie leagues further, he wente alhoare, found the fame
to be in habited with savage people, caughte one of them in-
to hys Barke, and returning, arriued in Englande in the
moneth of Auguste following: one of hys company brought
from thçe a péece of a blacke stone, much like to a Sea cole
in colour, whiche being broughte to certaine Goldfiners in
London, to make a say thereof, found it to holde Golde, and
that very richely for the quantitie.

The rix. of July, a woman wasENTEZ at Tunbridge in
Kent, for poplonyng of hir husband: And two dayes before,
a man named Oxley, was hanged at Maidstone for being ac-
cessarier

## Queene Elizabeth

### cellarie to the same facc.

The tenth of Auguſt, a krange pæce of woike,  almost incredible, was brought to palle by an Englishman, born within the Citie of London,  a Clearke of the Chancerie, named Peter Bales, who by his induſtrie and p[]r]actize of hys pen co[]trinued  w[]rit within the compaffe of a peny, in Latine, the Lords p[]r]ayer, the Cr[]e[]de, the ten Commadements, a p[]r]ayer to God, a p[]r]ayer for the Quæne, his D[]oſſe, his name, V day of the moneth, the p[]ere of our Lord,  the raigne of the Quæne : And upon the ſeauentænth of Auguſt, n[]erfe following at Hampton Court he p[]r]esented the ſame to the Quænſ Maiestie in the heade of a Ryng of Golde, couered w[]yth a Chriſtall, and p[]r]esented therewith an excellent Spe[]ctacle by him deuifed for the eſtayer reading thereof, where with hir Maiestie read all that was w[]ritten therein, w[]yth greate admiration,  commended the ſame to the Lo[]des of the Councell, and the Embattadours,  did weare the ſame many times upon hir finger.

The month of Auguſt, many complaints bæyng brought to the Quænes Maiestie and hir Councell upon the Flushingers for greate Sp[]ovles and robberies by them day[]ly committed upon hir highnesſe Subiectes, hir Maiestie gau[]e order to put ſoure good Ships, and two Barkes of hir own to the Seas, under the charge of Mafter William Holstocke Esquier, Comptroller of all hir highnesſe Ch[]ips, with eleauen hundred men, vicualled for ſire wækes, in which time was by them taken eighte Flushingers Shippes, and Barkes, prices, and two hundred and twenty Sea rouers in them, who were ſente alande to ſundry p[]r]ifons.

Walter Deueroux, Carle of Eſſer, and Erle Marſhall of Irelande, Knight of the order of the Carter, falling ſicke of a Laske on the one and twentith of Auguſt, was gr[]euousl[]ye so[]mented by the ſpace of two and twentie d[]ayes,  deceaſſed on the twelfth of September at Dinelin in Ireland.

William Kempton: George Barne, the 28. of September.
Sir John Langley, the 28. of October.

Sherifes.
Maior.

The 4. of November, in V Citie of W[]orcester, a cruell  un

1188

Queene Elizabeth.

Murderer of his
brother hanged.

natural brother (as an other Caine) murdered hys owne
natural and louing brother, who kraft sinote out his bzaines
with an ape, then cutte his thzoate, and after burped hym
under the Harth of a Chimney, thinking thereby (though he
wzongfully) yet quietly to haue enioyed his bzothers goods,
long before in his possession, but not long after this secrease
murder comming to light, the murderer was rewarded ac-
cording to hys deserts.

Anno reg. 19

Patricke Brum-
ton ouerturned.

The seauenteenth of Marche, thzough a strange tempest
whych happened in the North nere to a towne called Rich-
monde, not onely Cottages, Træs, Barnes, and Hapstaches,
but also the molte parte of a Church called Patrike Brumton,
was ouerthzowen, with molte kraunge fightes in the ape
bothe terrible and kearefull.

1577

Ch aritable actes
of Maiſter Låb,
Oldborne Con-
duit builded.

The fire and twentith of Marche, the new Conduit nere
unto Oldborne, and a Standart with one Cocke at Oldborne
bridge, were begon to be founded by William Lambe, some
time Gentleman of the Chappel to King Henrie the eyght,
now Citizen and Clothwozker of London, the water when
of is conueped in Pipes of Lead from divers Spzings to one
head, and from thence to the Saide Conduit and Standarte
more than two thousande pardes in length, all whyche of
hys owne coſtes and charges, amounting to the ſumme of
ſifttène hundred pound, was fully ſinched the four and twc-
tith of Auguſte in the ſame yeare.

Moreover, the Saide William Lambe hathe gpyen to the
worshipful Company of the Stationers in London, a legacie
of fire pound thyſtène Chillings and four pence the pere ſo
euer, to the ende, that those Stationers shall in the Parische
Churche of Saint Faith under Paules Churche, diſtribute to
twelve poze people euerepe Friday twelve pence in money,
and twelve pence in bzeade, whyche hath bin truely put in
bze these ſeauentène of eighttène peares before this pre-
lent yeare. 1580.

Item, to Chzilkes Hospitall in London, yearely ſo ener
after his deceasse fire pounde, and one C. pounde in money
to

## Queene Elizabeth.

to purchase landes for the layde Hospitall, besides manye other coeklye dædes there done as mape appeare.

Item, to Saint Thomas Hospitall in Southwarke foure pounde yearely after hys deceasse.

Item, to the Hospitall called the Sauoy, founded by King Henrie the seathent, he minded to haue giuen one hundred pounde in mone, to purchase landes for the same Hospital, but because suche agreements could not be concluded upon as he reasonably required, hys contribution that waye ceased, soze against his wil, as manifestly appeareth by his charitable giftes to the faide Hospitall somtyme ten pound at once to buy bedding with.

Item, to the Company of Clothworkers in London, four pounds the pere for euer. Also more to the same Clothworkers, he hathe gyuen hys owne dwelling house wyth other landes and fenements to the value of thytie pounde the yeare, to the intente they shall have a Minifter to saye divyne seruice euere Sundaye, Wednesdaye, and Friday, and that foure Sermons euere yeare after hys deceasse be preached in the Chappell of Churche to the faide house being longing, called Saint James in the Wall by Criplegate, and also to gyue to twelue poze men yearly, on the firste of October, to euere one a gowne of good Frize readye made, a thytie of good Locozam, and a paire of strong shoes, and twelue poze women twelue Gownes of the like Fræse, twelue Smockes, and twelue paire of shoes for euer.

Item, he hath erected a Fræstchole for five Almes houſes adioyping at Sutton Valence in Kent, where he was bozne, and hathe appointed for the Minifter twentie pounde, and for the other ten pounde yearely for euer, and to the fire almes houſes tenne pounde yearely, wyth an Dizcharde and Gardens.

Item, towarde the maintainaunce of a Fræstchole at Maidstone in Kent, tenne pounde yearely, after hys deceasse.

Item, to lette poze Clothiers awozke in the Countie of

Suffolke,

Freeschole and Almes houſes at Sutton in Kent.

1164

## Queen Elizabeth.

Suffolke, one hundred pounde in ready money.

Item, to the Townes of Ludlow and Bridgenorth, to eche of them one hundred pounde in ready mone to sette poze men on wozke.

In the moneth of April, the decayed one house, called the Tower upon London bridge, was begonne to be taken downe, and the heads of Traytois being remoued thence, were sette on the Gate at the Bridge gate, towarde Southwarke.

The Seauenteenth of May, Richard Robinson Goldsmith, was dızawen from the Tower of London to Tyborne, and there hanged for clipping of Golde.

The one and thirtith of May, Martin Frobisher with one ship and two Barks furnished for that purpose, layed from Harwiche in Essex, towards Cataya by the Poorthweale Seas, and entred his straites, beyond Quene Elizabeths Forlande, aboute thirtie leagues, where he went on thoge, and synodyng koyze of Golde Dze, fraught his Shippe and Barke, caught a man, woman, and childe of that Countrie, & then on the four and twentith of August returning from thence, arryued at Milforde Hanen in Wales, on the twentith of September next following.

The twentith of June, William Lumley a poze man in the parifhe of Elmeley in the Countie of Worcester, being kept in prison by a wealthie Widow, he hauing a Pare of rry. yeres olde with foale, within thze dapes after hys Pare did foale a Pare colte, the which immediatly had an old ver, out of the which was milked that same day a pinte of Milke, and euery day after gane aboue thze Pintes, to the great suffentation of the said poze mans wife and chylden, the which Colte continued in that forze long time after, as hathe bin ſène of many thousandes.

The 4, 5, and 6, dapes of July, was the Affiles holden at Oxforde, where were arraigned and condemned one Rowlande Ienkes, for his seditions tongue, at whych time there arose amidst the people such a dampe, that almost all were smothered.

Tovver on London bridge tayl, Ken dovvne.

Robinson hanged

Seconde voyage to Cataya.

Necessity of the poore relienued.

Strange licknes at Oxforde.

## Queene Elizabeth.

smothered, very few escaped that were not taken at that instant: the Jurozs dyed presently. Shoztely after dyed Sir Robert Bel Lozde chiefe Baron, sir Robert de Olie, sir William Babington, Maikler Weneman, Maikler de Olie high Sheriff, Maikler Dauers, Maikler Harcurt, Maikler Kirle, Maiſter Pheteplace, Maikler Greenewoode, Maikler Foster, Maiſter Naſhe, Sergeant Baram, Maikler Steuens, &c. there died in Oſforde 300. persons, and ſickned there, but dyed in other places 200. and odde, from the 6. of July to the 12. of Auguſt, after which day dyed not one of that ſickneſſe, ſo, one of the infected not another, nor any one woman or child died therof.

On Sunday the 4. of Auguſt between 9. to 10. of the clocke in the kozenone, whileſt the Minifter was reading of the ſecond leſson in the parſiſh Church of Bliborough, a towne in Suffolk, a ſtrange and terrible tempeſt of lightning and thunder, ſtrake through the wal of the ſame church into the ground almost a yarde diſpe, dzane down al the people on that side, aboue xx. persons, then renting the wal vp to the Keueſtrie, cleſt 9. doze, 4. returning to the Steeple, rent the Timber, dzake the Chimes, and fled towarde Bongey 6. miles off. The people that were stricken doſne, were found groneling moze than halſe an houre after, whereof a man moze than rl. peres, 4. a boy of rb. peres old were found karke dead, the other were ſcozched. The like flathe of lightning and crackes of thunder, rent the parſiſh Church of Bongey 9. miles from Norvich, wzaſſo in ſunder the wpers and whæles of the clocke, ſtewe two men which ſate in the Belſrep when other were at Paoſeſſion, and ſcozched an other. Whiche hardly escaped.

Tempeſt in
Norſtolke.

The Tower upon London bridge, being taken doſne, 4. a new ſoundation dzalwen, sir Iohn Langley, Lozd Maioz of the Citie of London laid the firſt ſhone the rb. of Auguſt, in preſence of the ſheriſſes of London, and the two Bridge Maiklers, Thomas Battes, and Robert Aske.

The tover on
London bridge
nevve builded.

Nicholas Backhouſe: Frauncis Bowyer, the 28. of Septemb.
Sir Thomas Ramſey Grocer, the 28. of October.

Sherifes. ?
Maiors. S.

The

1192

Queene Elizabeth.

Anno reg. 20
Sergeants keaste

Cutbert Maine
executed.

Example of
Sorcerers.

The nineteenth of Pouember, the newe Sergeantes at
the Lawe, seauen in number, helos their seaffe in the Tem-
ple at London.

The thypthith of Pouember, Cuthbert Maine was dial
wen, hanged, and quartered at Lawnceton in Cornewall, for
preferring Romaine power.

The Seauenténth of Januare, one Simon Pembrooke
dwelling in Saint Georges parthe in Southwarke, beþng behe-
mentlye suspected to be a Coniurer, by commaundement of
the ordinarie Jüge for those partes, appeared in the parły
Churche of Saint Saujour, at a Courte holden there, whyche
Simon bæing busied in entertainyng a Proctor, and hæ-
uyng monep in his hande, leaned hys head vppon a Pewe,
wherein the Proctor fode: whyche after he had done a cer-
taine space, the Proctor beganne to like vppe hys heade, to
see what hee ayled, and found him departing out of lyfe, and
straightway the faide Simon fel downe, ratling a little in
the thzoate, and neuer spake wozde after : this was done
euen as the Jüge came into the Churche, who said it was
the iust iudgement of God towardes those that used Sozze-
rie, and a great erample to admonish other to keare the in-
tice of God. After his clothes being opened, there were found
aboute hym flue diuelithe Bwkes of Coniuration and malf
abhominable præctifes, with a picture of Tinne of a manne
hauyng thre Dice in hys hande, with this writing, Chaunce
Dice fortunately, and dpuers papers of suche like matters,
as he had dealt in for men, such as are mentioned in Leuiti-
cus the twentith Chapter and lirth verse: If any soule turne
himselfe after suche as wozke with spirites, and after lorth-
sapers, to goe a whoring after them (savth the Loode) I wil
put my face againste that soule, and will cutte him off from
among my people.

The third of February, early in the moning John Nel-
son, for denying the Quænes Supzemacie, and such other
trajterous wozdes againfte hir Hatieltie, was dialwen from
Newgate to Tyborne, and there hanged, bowelled and quar-
fred.

Nelfon execu-
ed.

## Queene Elizabeth.

lered.

The seauenth of Februarp, one named Sherewood was
dralwen from the Tower of London to Tyborne, and there hâ-
ged, bowelled and quartered for the like treason.

Sherevwood
executed.

The ninth of Marche, seauen Pyrates were hanged at
Wapping.

Pirats hanged.

The fiftieth of Februarp, Iohn de Ley a Frenchman, e
lue Englishe Gentlemen, were conueped from the Tower
of London towarde Norwiche, there to be arаяned and execu-
ted, for coying of money counterfaite.

The tenth of March deceaſſed the Lady Margaret Coun-
telle of Leunex, and was buried at Westminſter the thylde of
April.

1578

The one and thyltith of Pape, Martin Frobiſher Wyth
ſiſtene ſaile of god Shippes, manned, viualled, and other
wayes wel appoypned, departed from Harwich in Eſſex, on
hys thylde voyage towardes Cataya.

Frobishers this
voyage.

The one and thyltith of July, after many attempts, and
ſundape times being putte backe by Ilandes of Ice in hys
fraights, he recouered his long wiſhed Pوزte, and came to
Ancker in the Ilandes, newly by hir Maieſſie named Meta
Incognita, where (as in the peare before) they fraughte theyz
Shippes with Golde Die oute of the Mines, and then on the
lalte of Auguſte returning thence, arriued safely in England
about the firſte of October.

George Bond: Thomas Starkie, the 28. of September.

Sir Richard Pipe Draper, the 28. of October.

The two and twentith of Januarie, about seauen of the
clocke at night, Iohn Calsimere Counte Palatine of Rhene,
Duke of Baure, landing at the Tower of London, was there
by divers Poblemen and others honozably received, and
conueyed by Crefſet light and Wozche lighſte to fir Thomas
Grefhams houſe in Bisops gate Kreeſte, where he was feaſted
and lodged till Sunday nexte that he was by the Nobilitie
fetched to the Courte at Westminſter, and after lodged in So-
merſet houſe.

Sherifes,
Maior.

Anno reg. 21

Calsimerere-
ceyued.

Jff.

Dd.

1194

## Queene Elizabeth.

On the eight of Febzuarie, he was made Knight of the
Carter, and on the foureteenth of Febzuarie, departed from
London homewardes, with greate rewardes giuen by the
Queines Paiestie, the Pobilitie, men of hono', the Maior
of London, and the Citizens.

The fourth of Febzuarie, and in the night following, fell
such abundance of Snowe, that on the fifth in the morning,
the same was founde at London to lye two fote dæpe in the
hallowell, and otherwise, being driuen by the winde, very
bopfkerous in the Poztheaff, on Bankes, an ell, or yard and
halfe dæpe, in the whiche dzifts of Snow in the Countries,
manpe cattell, and some men and women were ouerwhel-
med and lolle, it Snowed till the eight dave, and frêzed till
the tenth. Then followed a tha we wyth continuall raine
a long time after, whyche caused luche high stonds, that the
Marthes and lowe groundes being dzowned for the tyme,
water rose so high in Westminster hall, that after the fall there
of, some dithes were founde there to remaine.

The seauenté nth of Febzuarie, a pong man was harn-
ged in chaines, on the miles end by London, for murdering
of a man in a Garden of Spepen heath parCHE.

The twentith of Febzuarie, deceassed Sir Nicholas Bacon,
Lorde keeper of the greate Seale of Englande, who was ho-
nozably buried under a sumptuous Monument of Tombe,
(by him in his life time erected) in Paules Churche of Lon-
don the ir. of March. He also in his life time gaue for his
Scholers, to be founde in Benet Colledge at Cambridge, to
eache of them thzée pounde for the chillings and eight pence the
yeare for euer.

The foure and twentith of Aprill, fell such a Snowe be-
twirt the houres of foure of the clocke in the morning, and
nine of the clocke before none, that at London some was found
to lye almost one fote dæpe.

The flue and twentith of Aprill, sir. Thomas Bromley
Knight, was made Lorde Chauncelor of Englande.

Mathew Hamont of Hetherfet, by his trade a Plough-
Wright,

Deepe. Snowe.

Greate lande-
vvater, floudes.

One hanged at
Miles end.

Lorde Keeper
deceased.

1579

## Queene Elizabeth.

1195

Caright, thynnes from Norwiche, was convented befoze
the Wyshop of Norwiche, for that he denied Chyiffe. At the
time of hys appearance it was obiected, that he had pub-
lished these Heresies followyng.

An Heretike
brent at Nor-
viche.

That the newe Testament and Cospell of Chyiffe are
but mere kowishnesse, a lozie of menne, or rather a mere
kable.

Item, that man is restor'd to grace by the more mercye
of God, wythout the meane of Chyiffe's bloud, death, and
passion.

Item, that Chyiffe is not God, nor the Sautour of the
world, but a more man, a sinfull man, and an abhomina-
ble Idoll.

Item, that al they that woschippe him are abhominable
Idolaters: And, that Chyiffe didde not rise agayne from
death to lixe by the power of his Godhead, neither, that
he did ascende into Heauen.

Item, that the holy Choffe is not God, neither, that
there is any suche holy Choffe.

Item, that Baptisme is not necessarie in the Churche of
God, neither the vse of the sacrament of the body & bloude
of Chyiffe.

For the whyche heresies, he was condemned in the Con-
sistorie, and sentence was read againste him by the Bishop
of Norwich, the foureteenth of Aprill, and therebpon deli-
uered to the Sheriffes of Norwich, and by cause he spake wos-
des of blasphemie against the Quænes Haiestie, and others
of hir Counsell, he was by the Recorder Haiker Sergeant
Windham, and the Maioz Sir Robert Wood of Norwich, con-
demned to lose bothe hys eares, whyche were cutte off the
khyrtenth of Maye in the market place of Norwiche. And
afterwards, the twentith of Maye he was hzent in the Ca-
cell ditche of Norwiche.

This pere in the moneth of May, Marke Scaliot Blacke
Smith, Citizen of London, bozne in the parish of Saint Clements
Wythoute Temple Barre, for tyall of Wozkemanchippe,

A locke, & kys,
vveyghed but
one vyheats
come,

F. F. F. y.

made

1196

## Queen Elizabeth.

made one hanging Locke of Pton, Stéle, and Wasse, of
eleauen feueral pèces, a pipe Kay,Kyed th'æ square, wyth
a Potte vpon the Chaffe and the boke wyth two Elles, all
cleane wrought, whych weighed but one Graine of Gold,
o Wheat cozone: he also at the same time made a Chaine of
Golde of 47. Linckes, to the whych Chaine the Locke and
Kay being fastened, and put aboute a Flyes necke, the dzew
the same with ease, all whych Locke and Kay, Chaine and
Flye weyghed but one Graine and halfe, a thing almost in-
credible, but that my selfe amongst other haue soene it.

The firste of June, deceaſed Robert Horne Doctorre of
Diuinitie, By choppe of Winchesteſ, and Pielate of the moſt
honorable order of the Carter, at Winchesteſ place in South-
warke, and was buryed at Winchesteſ.

Bishop of YVint
Chester deceased

The seuentcenth day of July, the Quænes moſte excel-
lent Maiestie, being on þriuer of Thamis, betwixt hir High-
nelle Hannour of Greenewiche and Detteforde, in hir priuie
Barge, accompanied with Mounſier Schemere the French
Emballadour, the Carle of Lincolne, and Maiſter Elizcham-
berlaine, etc. with whom the entred diſcourse about waigh-
tie affaires: if chanced, that one Thomas Appletree a pong
man and ſervant to Maiſter Henrie Carie, with two oſ th'æ
cChildren of hir Maiesties Chappell, and one other named
Barnard Acton, being in a Boate on the Thamis, rowing vp
and downe betwixt the places afoze named, the ſoſeſaide
Thomas Appletree hadde a Calyner oſ Barquebuze, whych
he hadde th'æ oſ ſoure times diſcharged with Bullet, how-
ting at randone very rathly, who by greate miſſoſtune ſhot
one of the Watermen, being the ſeconde man nerte vnto
the Bales of the ſaide Barge, labouring with hys Dare,
(whych he ſate wythin ſire ſote of hir Highnelfe) cleane
khroughe bothe hys armes: the blowe was ſo greate and
græuous, that it moued him out of his place, and ſo:
ced hym to crpe and ſcritche oute piteouſlye, ſupposing
hym ſelfe to be slaine, and ſaping, he was ſhot thotroughe the
body. The man bleeding abundantly, as though he had had
100. Daggers th'auſt into him, the Quænes Maiestie the:

Trayterous fast
of T. Appletree.

wed

## Queene Elizabeth.

Iwed such noble courage as is moſte wonderfull to be heard and spoken of, ſoſ beholding him ſo maimed, and blæding in ſuche ſoſte, the neuer bathed thereat, but chewed effectually a prudent and magnanimous heart, and moſte curteouslye comforting the poze man, the bad him be of good chére, and ſaide, he should want nothing that mighte be ſoſ hys ease, commaunding him to be couered till ſuche time as he came to the ſhoare, till whyche time he lape bathing in his owne bloude, whiche might haue bin an occasion to haue terrified the eyes of the beholders. But ſuche, and ſo greate was the courage and magnanimitte of oure dzead and soueraigne Ladye, that it neuer quapled. To be thorſt, Thomas Apple-tree and the rest were apprehended and broughte before his honozable Counsel, who with great grauitie and wisedome employed their times very carefully, and with greate diligenſe eramined the ſaide Appletree and his companions, and finding the case moſte hainous and wicked, iuſtlye pronounced againſte hym the ſentence of Death, and commit him to the Marshalsea in Southwarke, from whence the Tuiste day following he was brought throughe the Citie with the Knight Marſhalles men, ledde vp to the Tower Hill, and so to Radcliffe vppe to Blacke wall, and so downe to the water side, where was a Gibet set vppe, directly placed bætwirte Dertforde and Greenewiche, ſoſ the execution of this malefactor, who in dæde very pitifully bewapled the offence he had committed, and as well in prizon as by the way prepared himſelſe very penitently and willingly to offer his body to the death.

Thus verpe godlpe he purpòsed to finiſhe his misera-
ble and wretched life, and so prepared himself to ascend and
goe vppe the Ladder, and being on the fame, he turned him-
ſelſe, and spake to the people as followeth: Cwd people, I
am come hither to die, but God is my iudge, I neuer in my
life intended hurte to the Quænes moſt excellent Maiestie,
noſ meant the harme of anpe creature, but I pwaye to God
with all my heart, long to pzoſper and kéepe hir Highneste
in
F. F. k. iy.

Thomas Apple-
tree should haue
ſuffered death
on the 24. of July.

1198

## Queene Elizabeth.

in health, who bleſſe and defende hir from all perilles and daungers, who p[ro]sper hir in all hir affaires, and bleſſe hir molſe Honorable Counſell, gyuing them grace to doe all things to the glory of God, and the benefite of thys realme: But of all things, I am molſte ſoſie ſo[ur] my offence, and woſuſly bewaile the same : and moſe, I am penitent and ſo[ur]rie ſo[ur] my good Daſſer, Daſſer Henrie Carie, who hathe beene ſo g[ra]eued ſo[ur] my fault, suffering rebuke ſo[ur] the same: I woulde to God I had neuer bin bozne that haue ſo g[ra]e[u]ouſlye offended him. And wyth that the teares guſht oute of his eyes verpe kaffe. This ſaide, he perſwaded all men to ſerue God, and to take an example by hym, and suerpe night and mo[ning] moued them deuoutly to ſay the Lords pr[ayer]. And as the executioner had put the roape about his necke, the people cr[py]ed, k[py], k[py], and with that came the r[igh]te Honorable ſir Christopher Hatton U[iz]chamberlaine to hir highnesſe, who enquired what he had confesſed, and being certified, as is beſoze er[pr]eſſed, he bayled his bo[net], and declared, that the Qu[e]nnes Daieſtie had ſente him thither bothe to make the cauſe open to them how h[ap]nous and g[ra]euous the offence of the ſaid Thomas Appletree was, and further to l[ig]niſe to him hir gratiouſ pleaſure : and ſo continued his message, as ye may reade it printed by it ſelf, and annered to this diſcourse. Whyche, when he had decla[red], the Hangman was commanded to take the roape from his necke. Appletree being come downe from the Ladder, receiued his p[ar]don, and gaue God and the P[ri]ince p[ra]ſaife, ſo[ur] ſo g[ra]eate a benefite as he had by hir molſt gratiouſ bov[nt]ie received. This done, Daſſer U[iz]chamberlaine ſaid: G[od] people p[ra]ſa[ſ]e ſo[ur] the Qu[e]nnes Daieſtie, and then was this pr[ayer] ſaide, whyche is uſually read (ſo[ur] the p[ra]ſeruatiuon of hir Daieſtie) in the Church : O Almightie and euermiuing God, the Lord of Lordes, and King of Kings, whyche doeſt from thy throne beholde all the dwellers of the earth, molſt hartily we beſeeche thee with thy fauour to beholde our molſt gratious Soueraigne Lady Queene Elizabeth,&c.

Where-

## Queene Elizabeth.

All hereunto all the people iopfully accorded to laye, Amen,
trying, God saue the Queene, calling vp their Cappes.

Thus was the dead man restored to life, and brought backe to the *Marshall* againe, even as he was led thence to the place of execution, where he by the way molte iopfully prayed for the securitie of the Quenes Maiestie.

## The mercifull meffage of the Quenes Maiestie, sent by the right Honorable Sir

Christopher Hatton, to the place where Thomas

*Apple tree* should he haue suffered for hys tray tour-like action, let downe worde for worde so neare as conde be gathered.

After Carie, hir molte excellent Maiestie is pleased to send me to deliver hir commandment to you touching this man nowe here presently to dye. And first, I thinke it not out of purpose to notifie his offence to these good people, whereby he is not onely wor thy this punishment: but in judgement of those raine nations, and by censure of those raine laws, should be delyuered to the tomentors, to endure suche toſture, as the qualitie of hys offence in so high a case by good policie should be condignely deferue.

The people doubted of a patent at his first SPEECH.

And to speake of this kacte, suche it was, and so fearfull, as my heart quaketh, and my eyes can not refraine teares, to repeat it againe amongst you. (God so, hys mercies take chielde and defende hir molte excellent Maiestie, that molte mightily haue digelled the notable daunger.) And so I will tel you of this tragedie in course as it fell out.

The people marvellous attenfive to heare.

It liked hir Highnesse, in respecte of the greate heate, to take the ayte of the water, where in graue and weightie ne gotiation, he palled the time in discourse with the French

J.F.ii.

Embal

## Queene Elizabeth.

this hir owne lande, but all the true SERUANTS of God dypl-
persed through Christendome: our Religion, and true faith
in JESUS Christe, whych we enioye wyth unspeakable
comforte of frée conscience, mighte hereby haue suffred com-
fusion, and persecution of bloude, and vengeance amongst
vs. Our peace, and secure effates, encreased with ercéding
wealthes, and nourished with most sweete quietnesse of life
by thys hir moſſe happy gouernement, and raygne of twen-
tie yeares, might hereby haue bin turned to bloudy warres,
the fruits whereof is burning and spoyling of houses and
gods, rauiſhing and destroying of wiués and chyldren. And
what vengeance ſoEUER the WOZLDE can bring forth, the ſame
thoude haue fallen on vs, I ſape on vs, then the moſt mite-
rable men in the WOZLDE. And therefore heare me I pape
you - Let vs acknowledge before God wyth all humble
thankefulnesse these unspeakable benefits, whych we haue
entoyed, and ſtill shall doe, while God vpholdeth hir bleſſed
life and kate amongst vs: The lOffice and lacke of whome,
can not but bring on vs all these calamities, and ten thou-
sande moe, whych I cannot kozesee. If then by these, and al
other benefits, whych you posſesse, fœle, and taffe of, you
finde how ineſtimable and pzeious a Jewell thys our dœre
Souveraigne is for vs, and amongst vs, what plague, toz-
ment, or puniſhment, could ſuffise you for reuence on him,
that by anye meanes thoude depziue you of suche heauenly
and wozldly felicities, as dayly by hir holypande are mini-
kred amongst you - But I will meddle no further wyth
these matters. I knowe you thanke God for them, and
wyth true and faithfull obedient heartes, wyll euer ſerue
hir moſſe excellent Maieſtie, whome he hathe made hys
Minifter to diſtribute al these blesſyngs into your boſomes.

And now, if it please you, you may wyth maruell heare
the Pessage I come of. I bryng mercie to thys manne, the
gratious pardon of oure moſſ deare Soueraigne, who with
hir merciſull epe, beholdyng the clearenſe of this mannes
heart, fræ from euill thought, and consequentlie from pze-

J. F. b.

pension

It vvas straunge
to ſee the peo-
ple staring in M.
Vizchamber-
laines face, some
vveeping, some
trembling at the
ſpeaking of
these vvordes.

Here they lyſee
vp both handes
and eyes to hea-
uen, ſaying: God
bleſſe hir Maie-
ſtie, God bleſſe
hir Maieſky. &c.

Here the people
vvith tears she-
vvved themſelues
moſt forrovvfuł
of these tragicalſ
ſpeaches.

This sodaine
straunge pardori
amazed the peo-
ple.

1202

## Queen Elizabeth.

The greatnesse of hir Maiesties mercie seemed
such, as the peo-
ple betyveene
loyes and for-
rovves were a-
maſed.

A true descripti-
on of mans fraile
nature in seeking-
revenge, confir-
med vith ex-
amples.

Here he noteth
the heauenly di-
spition of hir
Maiestie, far dif-
ferent from the
nature of man, in
pardoning so
great an offence
againſt layve
and nature.

See the excee-
ding loue of a
prince rov varde
hir subieſtes, in
excusing all ac-
cidents vithout
any ſupſition of
ill meaning.
Here al the peo
ple shouted out
Amen, Amen.

M. Carie vvas
maſter to this
lude Appletree,
and Knight
Marshal for that
day appointed.

pension of any malicious fact againſt hir perſo,
bouch safely
to pul him from the Gallowes. A notable action of compa-
sion p[ro]ce[ding] from a heauenlye minde, and so farre diſſe-
rent from the common nature of man, ſo[z]ced into a ſearefull
tealouſe of lolle of life, as hath neuer bene read no[?e] hearde
of.

If casually a man ſuffer hurte in the fields by an arrowe
thot by chance at routing markes, how reuengefully ſ] party
offended will follow his p[ro]ceſſe of felonie, I haue oft ſene,
and the law doth well allow it. If in the Court the meaneſt
ſeruing man strike his ſelow with his kiſſ to that he blede,
he is to loose the same hande. Many other examples may be
given you, both touching the casualtie in this man ſact, e-
touching the place, and p[re]ſence, wherein it chaunced to be
done.

But our Quene l[ok]eth neþher on hir p[er]rogatine, on
the power of hir lawes, no[?e] on the perill of hir person, but
with the nobilitie of hir hearte, the daunger onely done to
hir self, doth as you heare, freely pardon it. And in the sacred
word of hir h[ing]ly effate I p[ro]ſeſt it vnto you, the hath firme-
ly auowed that he had rather haue ſuffered the words the
Wargeman now hath, ten ſolde, than the meaneſt of us all,
o[?e] of any subieſtes, should ſuffer the ſlaunder of so ty[ra]nous
o[?e] trayterous a fact, yea, o[?e] of the p[re]pension, o[?e] ſo[z]thoughſt
of so ho[z]rible a treason toward hir, though he it were in face
neuer executed.

Wherein to all our ſingular comfoſtes, it pleased hir w
moſſe p[ri]ncely affection and earnestneſſe, graciouſlye to ab
firme, that neuer p[ri]ince had better, no[?e] moſe kinde true
subieſtes. God ſo[?e] his mercie direct us euer to be ſo, e with
our due gratefulneſſe to ſacrifice at hir h[ing]lye ſaſſe
bloude and liues ſo[?e] hir ſeruice ſake, when occasion that cal
vs thereto.

One other thing I ſinde hir Maiestie troubled with, e-
is, the ſo[z]row this noble yong Gentleman, M. Henrie Carie
hath ſuffered in continuall grieſe of his hart ſo[?e] the offence
ok

## Quæcunque Elizabeth.

1203

of his man, who through the vaine jealousy of some euil disposed persons, hath likewise boorne some slander of the cause. But it suffiseth to cleare him, that no intente of malice, nor forzeth thought of this fact, is found in the partie him selfe. His conversation besides with exceeding faith and diligence in his highnesse seruice, will euerm deliver him, as a most acceptable Gentleman frê from this and al other euil in the sight of his� Daieſſie and all the worlde. I shall not neede therefore to speake of him, for his cause needeth nono ercuse.

M. Caries com-
mendation.

Here may you behold the rare goodnesse of our great and gracious Daïetresse, full of religion and pietie, Juitice and mercie, Temperance and magnanimitie (and that I cannot but tell you) of the most confiant and noble courage that ever liued: the pize wherof (the cause heard, whereat I was present) I leane to your judgements.

He reciteth the Queenes verues, and most worthily commendeth his rare courage in such a perilous chance,

His Daieſſie taking p[ro]specte out of the bales of his Barge, at the very instant did he the man stricken, and beheide his fall, and hearde as it were, his deadly scratch, who the immediately commaunded to be taken vp, and then beholding him all embued with bloude, commaunded his wounds to be lapped vp with a scarſe of his owne, and so with his most confante and amiable countenaunce, continued his entertainment of the Ambassadoure, as thoughe there had bene no such matter. Afterwardes the man began to Sainte, his highnesse then commaunded a cloke to be put on his bodye, with other luche necessarie reliefes as were there presentlie to be hadde, without alteration of countenaunce.

Behold his princely countenaunce, nothing dismayed at this fodaine terror, but with such care to this pore vvounded man, and with such countenaunce to the Embassador, that she seemed a mother to the one, & a Queen to the other.

Beholde this kingly heare, and courage of rare magnanimitie, ſeing, as it were, the presente death of the next to him, neuer feared his owne life, nor was dismayed with this treasonable chaunce. An action more than maruellous in his ſere. Hereof hewe muche we maye reioyce, I want witte to tell you . But in one worde, his highnesse, that with

His highnesse magnanimitie mingled with mercie, the one most comfortable to his subiectes, and the other most terrible to his foes.

## Queene Elizabeth

Barber, by reason thereof made great shift in helping his
fare now and then with a good meale, till at the last God
sente him faunour in the sight of the keeper of the prison, so
that he had leaue to go in and out to the Roade at his pleas-
sure, paying a certayne lipend unto the keeper, and wea-
ring a locke about his legge, which libertie likewise fire
more had vpon like sufferance, who, not being suspected to
Kart aside, had libertie to go in and out at the sayd Roade,
and to returne agayne at night.

In the yere of our Lord 1577, in the Winter season, the
Galleis comming to their accustomed harbozough, and be-
ing discharged of all their Maltles, Sayles, and other such
furnitures, and all the mapsters and marriners of them be-
ing lodged in their owne homes, there remapned in the pri-
son of the sayd Roade 268. Christian prisoners, who had bin
taken by the Turkes force, and were of stricte nature and pati-
ons, among the which, there were three Englishmen, wherof,
one was named John Foxe of Wodbridge, another William
Wickney of Portsmouth, and the third Robert Moore of Har-
wich, which John Foxe having bin thirténe or fourténe
peares under their gentle intreatance, minding his escape,
fought good heart vnto him. Not farre from the Roade, at one
side of the Citie, ther was a certain dictualling house which
one Peter Vnticaro a Spanyard had hired, this Peter had bene
prisoner aboue 30. yeres, & neuer practised any means to es-
tape, but kepte himselfe quiet, untill now that this John
Foxe vsing much thether, brake one to another their minds
concerning the restrepnt of their libertie, so that this John
Fox opening vnto this Vnticaro the deuice which he min-
ded to practise, made prouie one more to their intent, which
threé debated of this matter at such time as they could
macte together, in so much, that at seauen waknes ende they
had concluded how the matter should be done, who making
fue more prouie to their deuise, determined in threé nightes
after to accomplith their purpose, where vpon the same John
Fox, and Peter Vnticaro, and the other five, appoynted to
macte.

1206

Queene Elizabeth.

met altogither in the prison the laste day of Decèber, where
this I.Fox certified the rest of the prisoners of their intent, &
deliuered vnto them a sozt of files, whiche he had gathered
for that purpose, charging them to be readie discharged of
their pions by eight of the clocke on the next day at nighte.
On the next day at night this Fox & his other fire companie
ons came al to the house of Peter Vnticaro, and when it was
time to put in p[r]actise their deuice, sent the sayd Peter to the
Maitler of the *Roaude* in the name of one of the maifters of y
Citie, who desired him to meete him there, p[r]omising him,
that he could bring him backe againe, where vppon the kée,
per agrëd to go with him, willing the warders not to bar
the gate, saying he would turne agayne with all spéede. In
the meane season the other feuë had p[ro]vided them of such
weapons as they could. The keeper nowe being come vnto
the house, and perceyuing no light, no hearing any nopfe,
suspected the matter and returned backwarde, but Fox flá,
ding behind a corner of the house, stepped soz th to him: who
perceyuing it to be I.Fox (sayde D Fox) what haue I deser-
ved of thée, that thou shouldest s[é]ke my death: thou villaine
(quoth Fox) haſt bin a succour of many Chriſtians bloude,
and therewith he lift vp his twoz and troke him so mayne
a blowe, as therewithall he claue his heade, so that he fell
deade to the grounde: then Peter and the rest came soz th, and
went toward the roade, wherinto they entred soſtly: where
were fire warders, whom one of them asked, who was ther,
quoth Fox and his company all friendes, which when they
were wythin, ſel on the fire men and dispatched the quickly.
They Fox barred the gate, and planted a Canon against it,
and entring into the Caplers lodge, they founde the Keyes
of the prison by his beds side, and there they had better we-
pons than before. In this Chamber was a Cheſt, wherein
was muche treasure all in Ductets, whiche Peter and two
more opening, ſtuffed themselves so full as they could, be-
twene theirirts and theyz ſkinne, which Fox would not
kouche, but said he sought for his and their libertie, and not

for

## Queen Elizabeth.

foz monp. Now these eight being armed with such weapons as they liked, came comming to the prison, Fox opened the gates and dozes called forth all the prisoners, whom he let in, some to ramming vp the gate, some to the dzelling vp of a Galley, the best in the roade, called the Captain of Alexandria, wher into some carried matles, Saples, Dres & other furniture. At the prison were certaine warders, who Fox and his company flew, in the killing of whom, there were eight Turkes, which got the key to the top of the prison, into whom Fox gave his company were fain to ascende by ladders, where they found a hole skirmiste, soz some of them were slayn & some willed: Peter Vnticaro & the other two that had armed the key with the Ducket were flaine, as not able to welde themselves, being pellered with the weight of the treasure. Amongst the Turkes was one thusthrough, who fell of from the top of the prison wall, & made such a noise, that the inhabitants thereabout, came andawed him, so they understood the case, how the prisoners were occupied, wherewith they rapted both the Alexandria, whiche lape on the West side of the roade, and a Castle whiche was at the Cities ende nerte the roade, also one other fortresse whiche lape on the South side, so now they had no way to escape but one, which by man's reason might seeme impossible to be a way for them. But to bée thost, the said Galley being trimmed vp, whereinto every man leaped, they hopste vp Saples & pælde themselves to mercie of God, in whose hande is both wind and weather: now being on flote and out of the fortresse of the roade, the two Cassetels haue ful power upon the same, but suchc as the workc of God for their deliveraunce, so no one of them was touched with a rib. shot which came thudzing about their ears, & thus sapling are some out of the Canons reach, the Turkes having no Cassetes trimmed to make after them. When the Chistians were safe out of the enemies cast, John Fox willied them all to be thankefull into almightie God for their deliuerie, and most humblye to fall upon their knees, before him to谢 their thanks into their friendes lande.

After.

1208

## Queen Elizabeth.

After which players made to God, they fell to labour with
the oare, Priuing to come to some Chriftian land, but the
winds were diuers, and victuals sapled them, so that eyght
of them dyed by famin, to the alkonithment of all the reft;
but it fell out that upon the rrrir. day after they set from
A-lexandri, they fell on the Ile of Canadie, and landed at Galli-
poly, where they were well cherished by the Abbot and
Monkes there, who caused them to lay while they were
well refreshed and eased. When they thought good, having
leaue to depart from thence, they sapled along the coast till
they arrined at Tarento, where they sold their Calley, and
deuided the price, every man hauing a part thereof. The
Turkes pursued the Chriftians, and scoured the Seas where
they could imagin that they bent their course, and the Chri-
tians had departed from thence on the one day in the moz-
ning, wher seauen Galleis of the Turkes came thither that
night, as it was certified by those who followed Fox and
his company fearing least they shoulde haue bin met wyth.
And then they came a fote to Naples, wher they departed a-
sunder, cuery man taking him to his next way home, from
whence Fox toke his journey onto Rome, where he was wel
entertayned of an Englishman, who presented his wozthy
ded to the Pope who rewarded him liberally, and gaue him
letters to the King of Spaine, where he was well entertain-
ed of him, who for his wozthy enterprise, gaue hym in se-
twentie pence a daye: from whence being delirous to come
into his owne Countrep, he came thypther at such time as he
conveniently could, whiche was in the peare of our Lozde.
1579, and being come into England, went onto the Courte, et
helwed all his trauaile onto the Counsell: who considering
that he had spent a great part of his youth in thzaldome and
bondage, ertêdcd to him their liberalitie to maintayn hym
in hys age, to their great honozs, and encouragement of all
true harted Chziffians.

Tovver on
London bridge
Finished.

This peare in the moneth of September was finished y
neive and most beautifull Tower on London bridge, the foure-
dation

## Queene Elizabeth.

dation whereof was layde in the moneth of Angull, Anno-
1577, as more at large is thewed.

In the moneth of September & October, fell great winds and raging cloudes in sundry places of this Realme, where through many men, cattel and houfes were dzowned. In y towne of Newport the cotages were bozne downe, the cozne loft, paffure grounde overwhelmed, and cattayle dzowned. In the towne of Bedford the water came up to the Market place, where Cupbozds, Chestes, Cowles and foames swam about the houfes, their fewel, cozne and hep was wackt & bozne alway. Also the towne of Saint Edes in Huntingtonshire was ouerflowne sodainely in the night, when al men were at reft, y waters brake in with suche a force, y the towne was almost al defased, the Swans swam downe the Market place, & al the town about the boats did floate. Gormanchester was sodainely supped, their houfes flowen full of water when men were at their reft, their cattaille were distroyed aboute the 14. of October. The sea did swell, the Merchats loft their goods, many were dzowned, which were after found both on land and land in great numbers.

Martin Caltrope: John Hart the, 7 8. of September.

Sir Nicholas Woodroofe Habardalther, the 28. of Octob.

On Saturday the 21. of November, Sir T. Gresham knight Agent to the D. highnesse (who had in his life time builded the Royal Exchange in London, as is afoe thewed) deceased at his house in Bishops Gate streete of London, and was buried in the Parish Church of Saint Elen there.

On the rrvij. dave of Marche, one Francis, alias Marma-
duke Glouer was hanged on a gibbet set vp for that purpose
by the Standard in Cheape, for wilfully murdering Serie at
Grace, after he was by him arrested. Also on the next mozow
being the nine and twétith day of March, one Richard Tod,
that Thoulde haue bene hanged in East Smithfielde by the
Tower, for murdering of Mistresse Skinner a widow there,
was hanged at Tiborne.

C Cgg.

The

1209

loues.

Sherifes. Y
Maior. Y

Anno reg. 20

Sir T. Gresham deuteated.

1580

One hanged in
Cheape for
murdering of
Serieant Grace,

## Queen Elizabeth.

The first of April being Wednesday in Easter week
about six of y clocke toward euening, a sodayne Earthquake
hapning in London, & almost generally throughout England,
caused suche amazement of the people as was wonderfull
for the time, and caused them to make their earnest prayers
unto Almighty God. The great clocke bell in the Palaice
at Westminster, struck of it selfe againcke the hammer lyth
shaking, as diverse clockes and Bels in the Citie and else-
where did the like: the Gentlemen of the Temple being at
Supper, ranne from the Tables and out of the Hal with
they kniues in their hands, a piece of the Temple Church
fell downe, some stones fell from Pauls Churche. And at
Christes Churche in the Sermon while a stone fell from the
toppe of the Church, which killed out of hand one Thomas
Grey an Apprentice, & an other stone also brused his kelwe
feruaunte named Mabel Eueret, so that the liued but foure
dayes after: diverse other were soze hurt with running out
of the Church: diverse chimneves in the Citie part of them
fell downe the houses were so shaken. This Earthquake
continued in or about London not paing one minute of an
houre, and was no more felt: but Caultwarde in Kent and on
the sea coast it was felt thicCe times. As at Sandwich at fire of
the clocke, the land not only quaked, but the sea so foamed,
that the shippes fettered. At Dover also at the same houre
was the like, so that a piece of the Cliffe fell into the sea with
also a piece of the Castle wall there. A piece of Saltwood Ca-
tle in Kent fell downe, and in the Church of Hide the Bels
were harde to founde. A piece of Sutton Churche in Kent fell
downe, the Earthquake being there bothe heard and selfe.
And in al these places and other in Cault Kent, the same was
felt thicCe times to mone, to wit: at D. at Ix. & Ry. of the clocke.

The nineteenth of April, the Ferrye at Lambeth was
drowned, with five men and four hozes, other two menne
and five hozes swam to land and were saved.

The first day of May, after Ry. of the clocke in the nighte,
was an Earthquake felt in divers places of Kent, namely at
Abrahamde, Great. Chart, &c. which made the people there, to rive.

1210

Earthquake,

Ferry at Lam-
beth drovyned.

Earthquake in
Kent.

## Queen Elizabeth.

1211

out of their beds, and ru to the Churches, where they called
upon God, by earnest prayers to be merciful upon them.

The viij. day of May about one houre before Sun setting,
diuerse Gentlemen of worthip, & good credite, riding from
Bodman in Cornewal towards Foy, there appeared to their see,
ming in þ Noztheaft, a very great milt oż fog, muche like
unto the sea: and the sozme of a cloude in the saschiō of some
gret Caffel, with flags, & streames thereon, as it were stan-
ding in the Sea, whiche presentlye vanishe awaye. In
whose keede, and in nære the same place, appeared another
cloud which altered into the likenesse of a great Argosie, fur-
nishe with Malfes, and other necessaries, & hir sayles see-
ming ful of winde, made hir way on the Southweaft of the
Caffel, hauing streamers and flags very warlike, with two
boates at either sterne. There incontinent appeared againe
the sozme of a Caffel, and behinde the same came following
on the Southweaft side, another greate Argosie, furnished
as the firste. This being past, there appeared thjæ oż soure
Caleis with their Malfes and flags in warlike sozt, hauing
boates at their sternes, and thereby appeared other small
clouds to the number of xij. which altered into the proporozt-
on of the sayde Caffels, and one following another, as some
as any of them vanishe other came in their townes, & thys
continued the space of an houre. Shortly after the fightes
in þ ayre afzoζ sayde a worthy Gentleman in the Countrep
wzit to a right good gentleman in þ Court, þ there was seen
upon a downe called Brodwels Downe, in Somersetshire, ly.
sonages all clothed in blacke, a furlong in diffance frō thole
þ beheld them, & after their appearing, and a little while ta-
rying, they vanishe away, but immediately, another stráge
compayn in like maner, colour and number appeared in the
selfe same place, and they encountréd one another, and so
vanishe away. And the thirde time, appeared that number
againe all in bright armour and encountréd one another,
& so vanishe away: iiij. honest me which saw it, reporting þ
Lame abzode, wer examined therof, befoze fir George Nortō,

GGgg.ij.

Caffels & Ships
See nee in the ayre

T.Churchyard.
V Vonders in
V Viltshire, and
Somersetshire.

## Queene Elizabeth.

to whom they sware, that those things they had seene were true, as here befoze is rehesed: Poreouer it is credibly told of many honest men, that fime miles from Blonſdon in Wiltſoire, a crie of hounds was hearde in the ayre, the ſelſe ſame day that the firſe Earthquake was, and the noyſe was ſo great that was made, that they ſaemed thylke or ſoure ſcouſe couple, whereat diuerſe toke their Creyhounds, thinking some gentlemen had bin hunting in the chafe, and thoughte to course: yet ſome of those that went out of their houſes, ſeeing nothing below abode, loked upwards to the skyes, and there eſpyped in the ayre ſime or ſire hounds perfecte to be diserned: Now (ſapth mine authour) I doubt not but thouſands hold this neues ſoſables inuented ſoſ pleasure, but I proteſt before God me, I can beloue a great deale moze ſtranger matter than this, in this ſtraunge woſlde: ſo the people ſo eſtraunge themselves ſrom God by doing manye ſtrange ſathions, ſ clapping on neſ conditions ſ natures, ſ except he thew ſome miracles, his godhead would quickly be ſorgotten on Earth, and men would beloue there were no other woſlold but this. Thus farre Thomas Churchyarde.

The riiſ. of June about ſire of the clocke in the mornnyng at Shipwesb, within Bothel Barony in Northumberland, there happened a tempeſt of lightning & thunder, after the which, of a sodapne came a great thoure of haple ſtones, amongst ſ which wer ſtones of diners thapes, maruellous to behold.

The rbiſ. day of June last palt, in the pariſe of Blaſſdon, in Yorkeſhire, after a great tempeſt of lightning and thunder, a woman of ſoure ſcoure yeares old named Ales Perin, was delivered of a ſtraunge and hideous Monſter, whose heade was like vnto a fallet or heade-péce, the face like vnto a mans face, except the mouth which was rounde and small, like to the mouth of a Houſe, the ſoſepart of the bodye lyke vnto a manne, hauing eight legges, not one like vnto an other, and a taple halſe a parde long. Whiche Monſter brought into the woſlold no other neues, but an admiration of the devine woſkes of God.

Amonſtrous
thüde.

The

Queene Elizabeth.

1213

The xxii. of Septèber, at Fennestanton in Huntingtonshire,
one Agnes wife to William Linley, was delivered of an big-
ly & strange Monker, which had a face all blacke, the necke
red, the mouth & eyes like a Lion, ouer the fozehead a roule
of fleth, which might be turned vp with ones finger, on the
hinder part of the head a lump of flethe proportioned like a
feather and hollow, with one care growing vppon the low-
est part of the chœurke, the belly big and harde, the armes big,
hauing flue fingers & a thumbe on either hand, and in place
of toes on the left fote, flue fingers & a thumbe, on the right
fote a thumbe and seauen fingers, in the place of the priui-
ties the shape both of male and female, &c.

Ralph Woodcocke: John Alat, the 28. of September.

On the r. of October (some sayth on þ seuenth) appeared a
blasting Star in the South, bulding toward the East, which
was nightlye œene de minimishing of his brightnesse untill the
one and twentith of the same moneth.

The viij. day of October were made 8. Serieants at law,
to wit firſt William Fleetewood Recoorder of London, þ ſecod
Edward Flowerdew, the third Thomas Snagge, þ fourth W.
Peryam, the fifth Robert Halton, þ fifth John Clench, þ ſeueth
John Puckering, þ eight Thomas Warmesley, maſſer Snag
was ſiche, and thereſoze had a wizt directed to two maſſers
of the Chauncerie to take his othe, and so was ſwozne in hys
Chamber at Greys Inne, the other ſenen were ſwozn at West-
minſter, and helde their keaſt in the new Temple at London.

The Quænes Mateltie being infozmed that in ſundzye
places of the realme, certain persons ſecrætly teach damna-
ble heresies, contrarie to diverse principall Articles of our
belieke and Chriſtian ſayth, who to colour their ſect, name
themselues The family of Loue, and then as many as that be
allowed by them to be of that family, to be electe and ſaued,
and all others of what Church ſoener they be, to be reieced
and damned: And for that vpon conuenting of some of them
before the Bichops and ordinaries, it is found þ the ground
of their ſect is mapntayned by certaine leude, Heritical, and

Ggg. iiij.

Seoitious

Child Monke;
rons.

Sheriffes.

Blasring Starres.

Serieants keaſt.

Proclamation
against the fa-
mily of Loue.

1214

## Queen Elizabeth

seditious books, first made in the Dutch tongue, and lastly
translated into English, and printed beyond the seas, and
secretly brought over into the Realme, the author whereof
they name H.N. &c. And considering also it is founde, that
these sectaries hold opinion, that they maye before any Ma-
gistrate ecclesiastical or Temporall, or any other person not
being professed to be of their sect, by the other or otherwise denye
any thing for their aduantage, so as though many of them are
well knownen to be teachers or preachers above all of these da-
gerous and damnable sects, yet by their own confession they
cannot be condemned. Therefore hir Maiestie being very so-
ric to be so great eneill by malice of the Diuell, to be
brought into this hir realme, & by hir Bishops and ordina-
ries, the understandingeth it very requisite, not onely to haue
these dangerous Heretickes & sectaries to be severely puni-
shed, but that also all other meanes be used by hir Maiesties
ropall authority, which is giuen hir of God to defed Chrieks
Church, to rive the out of further infecting of his realm,
the hath thought meete and convenient, and so by his pro-
clamation, commandeth that all his officers and ministers
Temporall, shall in all their seuerall vocations, affix the
Bishops of his Realme, and all other persons ecclesiastical,
to searche out all persons dueely suspected to be epyther tea-
chers, or professors of the false sayde damnable sects, and by
all good meanes to procure seuerelie against them, beuing
found culpable, by order of the laws epyther ecclesiastical or
Temporall, and that also searche be made in all places sus-
pected, for the books and writings mayntayning the false
Heretics and sects, and them to destroye and burne, &c. as
more at large appeareth by the false proclamation, given at
Richmond the third of October, and proclapted at London on
the ninteenth of October.

John Branche Draper, the 28. of October.

Maior.
The conclusion.

Thus good reder, I haue collected these my Chronicles of
England from the first coming of Brute into this Islande,
of whome it toke the name of Brytaine, untill this presente

yeare

## Queene Elizabeth.

yeare of Christ our loueraigne. 1580. and the. 23. yeare of our loueraigne Lady Elizabeth by the grace of God, Quæne of England, Fraunce and Ireland, defender of the Faith, etc. whom I pray God long and many yeares to prosper ouer us to his glorie, and desire thee to take these my trauell in good parte, like as I haue painefully (to my greate coffes and charges) out of manye olde hidden Hiftories and Recorces of antiquitie, brought the same to light, and free, ly koz thy great commoditie beftowed them upon thee.

### The seauen ages of the Worlde.

1. He firſt age from the creation of Adam to the floud of Noe, which continued yeares 1659

2. The ſecond from Noe to Abraham. 292

3. The third from the birth of Abraham till the departing of Israel out of Egypt. 503

4. The fourth from the departing of Israel out of Egypt, till the building of the Temple. 482

5. The firſt from the building of the Temple till the Captiuitie of Babilon. 414

6. The fixtth from the captiuitie of Babilon, till the byrth of our Sauiour Iefus Chriſt. 614

7. The ſeauenth beginning at the birth of our Sauiour Iefus Chriſt, hath continued till this preſent yeare of our Lorde 1580, and ſhall laſt to the worlds ende.

► The age of the Worlde at the birth of our Sauiour Chriſt was 3962. The age of the worlde this preſente yeare of our Lord. 1580. is 5542.

Ggg.iiiij.

1216

Of the vniuersties in England,
and Colledges in the same, with the
founders, and principall bene-
factours.

Haue before time reioyced (sapeth Erafmus Ro-
terdam) that England was so wel furnished with
so many men of excellent learning, but now I
begin to enuie hir felicitie, soz that the so floz-
eth with all kind of literature, that by taking
the commendation therof from the other Regions, the doth
as it were maruellously obscure them. And yet this comme-
dation is not as now first due to England, in the whiche (it is
well knowen) haue bene of long time, men of greate learn-
ning. The vniuersties proue this to be true, which hane
soz their antiquities and wozthynesse, contended with the
most auntient, and wozthy vniuersties in the wozlde.

Cambridge (as some learned wizifers doe affirme) was
first frequented with Philosophers and Astronomers, pro-
cured from Athens by Cantaber a Spaniarde, in the time of
Gurguntius, who was King of Brytaine, before the byzthe of
Christ, yeares. 375

Cambridge.

Peter Colledge. Peter Colledge was erected of two auntiente Hostelles (sometime belonging vnto the Brethern de paritentia Iesu Christi ) by Hughe Balesfame , sometyme Prpuz of Elye. Anno. 1256

Peter Colledge.

This Hugh was afterwarde the tenth Wythop of Elye,
and finished this Colledge in Anno. 1284

Clare Hall, was firſte builded by Richarde Badowe then Chauncellour of the ſtudents there, and the fame was cal'd Vniuerſtie Hall. 1326

Clare Hall.

It was ſince that enlarged by Gualter Thacfteede May-
ſter of the ſaid Hall, who with consent of the ſaide Richarde
Badow, resigned the foundation thereof to Elizabeth Ladype
of Clare, thirde daughter of Gilbert, and ſifter and one of the
hepzes of the laſſe Gilbert de Clare Carle of Glouceſter, who
was

was

Of the Vniuerfities.

1217

was firſte married to Iohn Burgh Earle of Vlſter in Ireland,
after to Theobald of Verdon, and thypdly, to ſir Roger Dama-
rie, and hadde iſſue by them all, the I ſape named it Clare
Hall.

Pembrooke hall was founded by Marie of Valentia, daugh-
ter to Guydo Erle of Saint Paul in France, wife to Adomare
de Valentia, Earle of Pembrooke, the obtained of King Ed-
warde the thypde, whose cousin he was, to found this Col-
ledge in hir owne grounde, with purchasing two oz thée te-
nements there by, and named it Aula de Valence Marie.
Anno.
1343.

1343.

Corpus Christi College was first founded to be buyploed
by the Alderman and bzethzen of Corpus Christi Guild.

Pembrooke hall

Corpus Christi
Colledge.

This Colledge was brought so farre fozth, the rather by
the help of Saint Maries Guilde and fraternitie, newly adio-
ned to the other Guilde.
1344.

1344.

In the yere 1353.they did elect Henrie Erle of Darby and
Lancaster, who should obtaine them favour foz the purcha-
sing of Mortmaine, foz suche landes and tenementes, as al-
ter manve did, Sell them. This Earle of Darby in the eyghte
and twentith yeare of Edwarde the thypde, was created the
firſte Duke of Lancaster, and then they elected hym their Al-
derman, who recognised theſt ſtatutes, not by the Dukes
Seale, but by the Seale of the Aldermen of that Guilde.

Trinitie hall, was firſt an Hoffell, purchased by Iohn Cran-
den sometime Pzioz of Ely, who procured it foz his bzethzen
the Monkes of that house, to be Students there, in ſtyme
of Edwarde the thypde, whyche Hoffell was afterward pur-
chased by William Bateman Bisshoppe of Norwich, who built
this Colledge of Trinitie hall upon the ſaide grounde be-
ing the firſte Founder thereof, he deceaſed in the yeare of
Chzitte.
1354.

Trinitie hall,

1354.

Gunnile and Caius Colledge, was firſt founded by Edmund
Gunnile, sometime Parſon of Terington in Norſſolke, he gave
it to name Gunnile hall, as appeareth by his ſtatute.
1348.

Gunnile and
Caius Colledge;

At his deceaſſe, he leauing a good maffe of monep, com-


G Egg. v.
comved

1213

Of the Universities

mended the further finishing of the same Hall to William Bateman Bithoppe of Normiche, who with the assent of the Aldermen and breathen of the Guildes of Corpus Christi & our Lady, changed with them the said house, with their house called the Stone hall, where nowe Gynnule and Catus Colledge standeth.
1352.

John Caius Doctoure in Phisicke, sometime fellow, and late Bailder of the said Colledge, hath enlarged the house, and nowe made a second foundation, with gyuing certaine Manours and lands to the same.
1557.

Kings Colledge was first founded by King Henric the sixth, in the yeare of Christ.
1441.

The same King altered the forme of hys firſke foundation in the yeare of Chriſt.
1443.

Edwarde the fourth, in displeasure of the firſke foundation, wythdrie we from the Colledge so muche lande as the firſke Founder hadde gyuen them, but afterwardes hee reſtored them to the inheritaunce of lyue hundreth markes.

After hym Henric the ſeauenth ſinſhed that notable Chappell, begonne by Henric the sixth, to the glazing, ſtalles, and paning with Marble, whych was done by King Henric the eight.

Queenes Colledge was begonne by Lady Margaret, wife of Kyng Henry the sixth.
1446.

Shee procured Moxtmaine of an C L. by yere.
1448.

At the intercession of Andrewe Ducket, sometime princi-
pall of Barnarde Hoxſell, (whiche Holfell he gaue to the ſaide
Colledge.) He was Parſon of Saint Buttolphs in Cambridge,
who by his owne monep and help of others, purchased cer-
taine tenementes, and builded his Colledge, beyng the firſt
President of the ſame, who gaue as well by hys life, as by
hys Testament dyuers ſummes and parcels of lande, and
also procured certayne gyſtes of the Duke of Clarence, of Ci-

celic

in England.

1219

celie Dutchefle of Yorke, of Richarde Duke of Gloucester, of Anne Dutchefle of the same, of Edwarde Earle of Salisbury, Maude Countefle of Oxforde, and Marmaduke Lumley Bishop of Lincoln, with diuers other. Elizabeth wife to King Edwarde the fourth finished that whyche Quene Margaret hadde begonne in the peare
1465.

Katherine hall was founded by Robert Woodlarke Doctor of Divinitie, and Prouost of the Kings Colledge, & Chantcelloz to the Univerſitie, as is ſelſked by the Charter of K. Henrie the ſixth, bearing date the 37. yeare of his raigne, whyche was the peare of Chriſt
1459.

Katherine hall.

Iesus Colledge was founded by John Alcocke, the 29. By-Chop of Ely, who did convert the Monafery of Saint Radigond, (the Abbefle living a diſolute life, the Monaferie then deſtitute of gouvernement, the edifices fallen in ruine, and in conclusion, the Puns departing thence leauing it diſolate) into a Colledge of Chaplaines and Scholers, the peare of Chriſte
1446.

Iesus Colledge.

This John Alcocke was boze in Kingstone Uppon Hull, and thereſore builded there a Fræſchole.

The rentes of Iesus Colledge hathe bin moze ampliſed by Sir Robert Reade Knight, Doctor Eleſton, Doctor Royſton and Doctor Fuller.

Christes Colledge was founded by King Henry the ſixth, who named it Gods House, as it was sometime a great Hoſſell so called: King Henry the ſeauenth granted hys Charſter to Lady Margaret hys mother, Countefle of Richemont & Darby, to encreafe the Students there, translating it at hir diſposition, so that from thenceforſt it ſhould be called Chriſtes Colledge.
1505.

Chriſts colledge

Saint Iohns Colledge, being firſte an Hoſſell of religious Chanons, was erected by Nigellus the ſeconde Bithoppe of Ely, Treasurer to King Henrie the firſte, the peare of Chriſte
1134.

Those Chanons lyued by the name of the Hospitall and hzethren

["1220", "Of the Vniuersities.", "hathen of Saint John, until the pere of Christ 1510, though\nat that time so farre decayed, that there was but a Pzioz, &\ntwo hathen, and by the dilapidations of their goods mone-\nable and unmoneable, they abased their reuenues within\nthe space of ten peres last palle, from the summe of an hun-\ndred and fortye pounde, to thirtie pounde, &c. Whereupon\nKing Henrie the eight, Richarde Byshop of Winchester, John\nBilshoppe of Rochester, Charles Somerlet Lozde of Herbert,\nThomas Louell, Henry Marne, & John Sent-John Knights,\nHenry Horneby and Hugh Alton Clearks, executors of a\ntestament of Lady Margaret Countesse of Richmont & Darby,\ngrandmother to King Henry the eight, & mother to King\nHenry the seuenth, upon the suppessis of the said pziezie, the\nbeing prevented by death, leauing behinde his sufficient\ngodes, and committing the same to those his friendes and\nexecutors, they erected the said Colledge.", "Magdalene College was first founded by dyers and dyers and\nfonders and dyers and dyers and dyers and dyers and dyers and\nfonders and dyers and dyers and dyers

in Englande.

Priest, Chauncelloz of the Exchequer to Edwarde the Second,
of whome he obtained licence to erect the Saide Colledge in
the peare of oure Sauour Chrift 1324.

¶ And thus farre of the Uniuersitie of Cambridge,
with the Colleges and Halles
in the same.

¶ The Vniuerſitie of Oxford was in-
stituted by King Alfred a Saxon, after the

byrth of Chriſt. 873. yeares : And
hathe Colledges.

Niuuerſitie Colledge, founded in the time of King Alfred, by Sir William Archdeacon of Duresme in the peare 873.

Vniuerſitie
Colledge.

The Uniuersitie Church, alias Saint Marie
Church, was begun to be reedified in 9 time
of Doctor Fitz-Iames after Bisboppe of London: he procured
much moneyp towardes the building of it. The battlements
of it were full of Pinacles, but by tempelt were most of the
thrown down in one night.

Balioll Colledge

Baliol Colledge was founded in the time of Edwarde the
first, by John Balioll, R.of Scotland, in the pere of Chzitt. 1263.

Merton Colledge was founded in the time of Edwarde the
firste, by Walter Merton Bisboppe of Rochester, the peare
of Chzitt 1276.

Merton Col-
ledge.

Exceſter Colledge, was founded in the time of Edward the
ſeconde, by Walter Stapleton Bisboppe of Exceſter. 1316.

Exceſter Col-
ledge.

And augmented in the time of oure Soueraigne Ladye
Elizabeth, by Sir William Peter Knight, in the pere of Chzitt
Anno. 1566.

1566.

Oriall Colledge, was founded in the time of Edwarde the
ſeconde, by Sir Adam Browne, Almoner of the Said King, the
peare of Chziffe 1323.

Oriall Colledge

Queenes Colledge was founded in the time of Edwarde the
thynde, by Robert Eglisſhfielde, in his owne grounde, and by
him

Queenes Col-
ledge.

him

1217

Of the Universities

him called the Queenes hall, he was Chapleine to the Lady Philip, wife to the same Edward, the yeare of Christ 1340.

Nevv Colledge

Newe Colledge, was founded in the time of King Richard the Seconde, by William Wickham Byshoppe of Winchester, the yere of Christ 1375.

Lincolne Col-
ledge.

Lincolne Colledge was founded in the time of Henry the fifth, by Richard Fleming Bishop of Lincolne 1430. and augmented in Richard the thirds time, by Thomas Rotheram Byshop of Lincolne in the yere 1479.

Alfoule Col-
ledge.

Alfoule Colledge was founded in the time of King Henry the sixth, by Henry Cichel y Archbi. of Canterbury in the yere 1437. He also founded Barnard Colledge in Oxford, since supposed by K. Henry the eight, now reedified by Sir Thomas White, and by him called Saint Johns Colledge.

Diuinitie
schoole.

Diuinitie Schoole was founded in the time of King Henry the sixth, by Humfrey Duke of Gloucester. 1447.

Magdalen Col-
ledge.

Magdalen Colledge was founded in the time of King Henry the sixth, by William Wamflet Bifh. of Winchester. 1459. He builded a good part of Eaton Colledge, begon by Henry the sixth: he builded a Fræschole at Wamflet.

Braze nose Col-
ledge.

Brazen nose Colledge was founded in the raigne of King Henry the Seuenth, by Wil. Smith B. of Lincolne, in the yere 1513.

The same William Smith sometime Bishop of Lichfield, or dayned an Hospitall there for poze folkes, and a Cramer Schowle for poze folkes children: Also at Farneworth, where he and his parents had their originall, he beftowed r.pound the yere for euer, to one that should teach a Cramer Schowle.

Corpus Christi
Colledge.

Corpus Christi Colledge was founded in the raigne of Hen-
ric the Seuenth, by Richard Foxe Bishop of Winchester, him-
felse being a Fellow in Pembrooke hall in Cambridge: he en-
dowed the same Colledge with 40.x 8.£. 11.£.of perely rent
for euer, the yere 1516.

Christes church.

Christes Churche was founded in the time of Henry the eight, by Thomas Wolsey Cardinal, & Archebishop of Yorke, in the yere of Christ 1539.

And finished by the same K. Henry the eight, in the yere 1546.

Trinitie

A Table of the principall matters
contayned in this Chronicle.

A Bbot of Westminfter putte to his
shiftes. Pag. 256

Abbot of Glastenburie committed a
filthy act. 165

Abbot of Saint Albons his policie. 152

Abbayes visited. 1005. suppressed. 1013

Aberconway builded. 301

Abingdon spoyled. 464

Acres of land in Englād numbred. 165

Aduoultry punifhed by death amongst
the Infidels. 103

Adrian an Englishman Pope. 207

Adam Tarleton Bishop of Hereford ac-
cused of treason and depriued of hys
temporalties. 346. his sophistical
letter 357. made Bysh. of Worcester.
359. Bishop of Winchester. 367. dy-
ed. 393

Admiral of Fráce came to Londó. 1034

Albom firſt Martire. 65

Albertus Emperour. 66

Albons Church founded. 105

Almesburie builded. 134

Alfred King of West Saxons. 122

Albe firſt King of South Saxons. 94

Aldermen in London. 268

Alice Perce. 467

Ales Hackney being long buried was ta-
ken up againe. 869

Almes houſes founded at the Croſſed
Friars. 930

Alderman of London ſent into Scotlād
taken prifoner. 1031.

Alderman of Southwarke firſt. 2047

Ambaſſadours ſente to Rome. 1096. to
Caleis. 1069. from Sweden. 1113. from
Mulcouie. 1103

Amphabel Martire. 65

Antonius Gordianus. 64

Antonius Emperour. 64

Antonius Philosophus. 54

Androgius King. 30

Andrewes Churche in Rochester founded. 92

Andreds Ceſter. 94

Andreds walde. 117. in Suſſex and Ham-
ſhiere. 125

Anger a Caſtel in Eſſex founded. 212

Anthonies Church in London builded.
pag. 870

Agnes Dayntie on the Pillorie. 745

Anabaptiſtes bare Faggots. 1015. Ana-
baptiſtes brent. ibid.

Anabaptiſtes bare faggottes at Paulcs
croſſe. 1181. baniſhed. 1184. brent. ibi.

Anne of Cleaue died at Chelſey. 1104

Anne Marchioness of Pembroke. 980

Anſwere of a Pope. 395

Anthonies Church in Londó built. 870

Anne Sanders, Anne Drurie, and truſtie
Roger hanged. 1169

Anth. Broune Knight of the Garter. 1018

Annes Church in London brent. 1039

Anne Askew with others brent. 1033

Apollos Temple at Delphos. 25

Apuldore in Kent. 125

Apoſtata brent. 255

Apparell appointed to Harlots. 427

Archbifhops of London. 56

Archemalus King. 51

Archegallo King depriued. 29

Archeſtamins. ij. 27

Archbifhops of London repreueth Vor-
tiger and is by him ſlaine. 81

Arthur King. 84

Archbifhops of Yorke with his Croſſe
caſt out of the Kings Chaple. 184

Archbifhops of Yorke plucked from his
ſeate, throwne to the ground & bea-
ten. 211

Archbifhops of Yorke drawne from the
Alter to prifon. 220

Archbifhops of Yorke couetous. 264

Archbifhops of Canterburie beaſeth &
woundeth. 4

THE TABLE.

woundeth the Prior and Chanons of
Saint Bartholomew in Smithfielede.
Page. 172
Archebishops of Yorke George Neuil
emprisoned at Hames, and his goods
confiscate. 733
An army sent to Landerfey. 1027
Archbishops Pallaice at Canterbury
brent. 1027
Articles of religion deuised by the king.
Page. 1007
Arden murdered. 1048
An Arjan brent. 1049
An army sent into Scotlande. 1028
Arthure firste sonne to King Henry the
feauenth borne. 861
An army sent into Scotlande. 870
Archbishop of Canterbury deceased.
Page. 1182
Archbishops newly elected of Canterbury.
burie. 1185
Arthure of Britaine murdered. 233
Aclepiodatus. 67
Aurelius Probus. 64
Aurelianus. 64
Austine the Monke came into Britaine.
page. 91
Austins Church at Canterbury founded. 91
Auntient lawes of Englande remaine in
Kent onelye. 152
Austins in Briftowe builded. 213
Augustine Friers Church in London.
Page. 430
Aubrey de Ver created Earle of Oxford.
Page. 515
Audley made Lorde Chauncellour. 980
Knight of the Garter. 1058
Aide sent into Scotlande against Edinburgh
borough Castell. 1169

B.

B Afe moneys coyned.
Bayliffes of London. 219

1029 Battel Abbey buylded. 166
219 Battell of Gnats. 509
Berwike.

Bathe Abbey founded. 109
Bachiler Maior of London. 865
Bath a Bisbops fea. 172
Barons created. 1090
Basianus Emperour. 64
Basing. 121
Baftard brother difheriteth the lawfull,
and after murdereth him. 462
Bamburgh builded. 20
Bangor builded. 23
Bathe builded. 22
Barons of the Britaines murdered. 82
Britons state miserable. 83
Banquetting house built in Callais. 927
defaced by tempeft. 928
Barnardes Castell builded by Barnard
Bayllioll. 209 befieged. 1138
Baynard Lorde of Dunmow builded
Baynards Castle in Lodon. 178. thro-
wen downe. 242. newe builded. 874
Barons in armor against King John. 245
excōmunicate by the Pope. 246. 248
they sent for Lodowike. 248
Barons in armor against King Hemy the
thirde. 278. against King Edwarte the
ſeconde. 341
Bathe burned. 189
Battell of the Danes at Aſhendune. 120
Battayle at Haſting. 147. againſte the
Welche. 188. of the Standard. 190. at
Lewes in Suffle. 283. at Eufham. 287.
at Fankirke in Scotl. 306. at Striue-
ling. 333. at Morleys. 390. of Crecie.
396. on the fea. 417. at Poyters. 444.
on the fea. 465. at Shresburie. 553. at
Bramham Moore 570. of Agencourt
593. at Vernole in Perche. 621. at S.
Albons. 674. at Northampton. 699
Wakefield. 707. at Mortimers croſſe.
708. at Towton. 712. at Barnet. 727. at
Thewkesburie. 728. at Stoke. 863. at
Blackeheath. 870
Berwike.

Barwike wonne.

306. betray.

Scots. 712.

wicke. 715.

recovered a
thumberl.

Barbican of Lo.

Bay falt deare.

Bedford town.

Bedford Ca.

Renet a Mōke
land.

Reda famous.

Bewly builte.

Beaufleete in.

Beuerley br.

Beranbridge.

Bewmarfile.

Beggers mu.

Bieſe and M
page.

Berking in.

Belins gate.

Belinus and
Befton Ca.

Bermonſe.

Bentfinton.

Bifhopperi.

Bifhopperi.

Bifhopper
Church.

Bishop of
Church.

Bishop o

Bishop o

Bishop o

Bishop o

Bifhops

Bifhops

Bifhops

Bifhops
wer.

Bifhops

Bible c

Chu.

Bilney

Bladwic.

THE TABLE.

Barwike wonne by Edwarde the firste.
306. betrayed. 339. deliuered to the
Scots. 712. won by the Earle of War-
wicke. 715. wonne by the Scottes and
recovered again by the Earle of Nor-
thumberland.
477. & 497.
Barbican of London.
373.
Bay salt deare.
1180.
Bedford towne. 105. 114. befieged.
189.
Bedforde Castle befieged.
259.
Benes a Moke brought glasling into this
land.
111.
Beda famous.
111.
Bewly builte.
251.
Beaufletee in Essex.
225.
Beuerley brent.
215.
Beranbridge.
114.
Bewmarife Castel builded.
307.
Beggers murdered.
310.
Biefe and Mutton first fold by weighte.
page.
999.
Berking in Essex founded.
100.
Belins gate in London.
27.
Belinus and Bremus king.
24.
Befton Castel builded.
254.
Bermanfey founded.
165.
Benfinton.
114.
Bifhoprickes in England.
2.
Bifhoprickes in Wales.
11.
Bifhoppe of Excefter drawne out of hys
Church.
279.
Bishop of Chichefter murdered.
651.
Bishop of Salisburie murdered.
664.
Bifhop of Durham murdered.
164.
Bifhop of Ely put to his shifts.
222.
Bifhops gate of London builded.
746.
Bifhop of Rochefter beheaded.
1004.
Bifhops depriued.
1112.
Bifhoppe of Winchefter ſent to the To-
wer. 1039. depriued.
1048.
Bifhops restored & other displaced.
1067.
Bible commaunded to be had in euerye
Church in Englifhe.
1013.
Bilney burned.
978.
Blaud king.
22.

Blasing starres. 116. 179. blasing star. 179
285. 297. 636. 550. 3679. 1100.
Blacke Heath fielde.
688. 870.
Blacke Friars in Holborne.
273 in Lon-
don.
298.
Blanke charters burned.
546.
Blasing starre.
182.
Bledgabredus king.
31.
Blewbeard hanged.
651.
Blouderayned. 23. 117. 211. Spring out of
the Earth. 174. bloud of Hales.
1014.
Boniface his Epiftle to Ethelbald.
102.
Bones of men monſtrous.
167.
Bones of Arthur found.
221.
Boſten ſpoyled and brent.
302.
Bow Church ſuſpended.
302.
Bow steeple builded.
897.
Booke written againſt Luther by King
Hemrie the eight.
930.
Booke of Common prayer ſet forthe.
page.
1054.
Bokeland.
297.
Boloigne y celded to the French.
1046.
Bonærs heade broken.
271.
Bridge at London.
3.
Brute arriued in Brytaine.
17.
Brutaine ſo named of Brute.
17.
Brutaine deuided into three.
18.
Brother flue brother.
24.
Brytaine tributarie to the Brutaines.
34.
Brytaines barbarous.
34.
Braſen Image of Cadwaline caſt downe
page.
118.
Brakenburie Conestable of the Tower.
page.
826.
Bridge of London new made.
204.
Bridge of ſtone begun at London.
211
ſinſhed.
238.
Bridge at Stratford vpon Auen.
865.
Bridges borne downe.
299.
Brimsburie with the bridge builded.
page.
130.
Briſtow Caſtel built.
181. befieged.
189.
Brytains houſe in Holland.
37.
Brytains bodyes painted.
59.
Q. ij.
Brent-

THE TABLE.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Brentford.</td><td>137</td><td>Cadwalain King.</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>Bretan receyued the Faith.</td><td>55</td><td>Cadwalader King.</td><td>39</td></tr><tr><td>Bruite Greneshilde King.</td><td>20</td><td>Cadwine King.</td><td>38</td></tr><tr><td>Bradford brent.</td><td>1097</td><td>Catellus King hung vp oppreffors.</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>Bridwel giuen to the Citie of London.</td><td>1057</td><td>Castels at Notingham, Yorke and Lincolne builded.</td><td>161</td></tr><tr><td>page.</td><td></td><td>Cardife Caſtle builded.</td><td>181</td></tr><tr><td>Browne hanged in Smithfield.</td><td>1168</td><td>Carliele repayred and the Caſtel builded.</td><td>172</td></tr><tr><td>Burſſe begun in Cornehill.</td><td>1129</td><td>Caſfile a Bifhops Sea.</td><td>185</td></tr><tr><td>Burton vpon Trent.</td><td>135</td><td>Caſutus the Dane King of England.</td><td>139</td></tr><tr><td>Burgondie inuaded by the Engliſhe.</td><td>457</td><td>King of ſoure kingdomes.</td><td>140</td></tr><tr><td>page.</td><td></td><td>Cardinals robbed.</td><td>337</td></tr><tr><td>Boundwica a woman of Britaine.</td><td>40.41.</td><td>Cambridge ſore perifhed by fire.</td><td>306</td></tr><tr><td>42.43.</td><td></td><td>Cane in Normandy ſpoiled by E.3.394</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Britains had all things common.</td><td>41</td><td>Carliele confumed by fire.</td><td>303</td></tr><tr><td>Bury Abbey ſpoyled and brent.</td><td>353</td><td>Calcice beſieged by E. 3. 398. deſcribed and builded.</td><td>402</td></tr><tr><td>Burial forbidden to W.Conqueror.</td><td>167</td><td>Calcice like to haue bene betrayed.</td><td>410</td></tr><tr><td>Buckingham Caſtel builded.</td><td>129</td><td>Calcice beſieged by the Duke of B.</td><td>639</td></tr><tr><td>Bul hanged on the Bifhops of Londons gate.</td><td>1146</td><td>Calcice loft by the Engliſhmen.</td><td>1106</td></tr><tr><td>Burdet beheaded.</td><td>747</td><td>Caſtle at Ethelingey builded.</td><td>123.</td></tr><tr><td>Buriall of King Edward the fixth.</td><td>1067</td><td>Maſterie builded.</td><td>127</td></tr><tr><td>P. Burchet wounded Maifter Hawkins.</td><td>1175.</td><td>Caſcason in Fraüce burned by the Engliſh.</td><td>438</td></tr><tr><td>founde an Hereticke.ibid.</td><td>kyleth his keeper.</td><td>Caſple Alderman of London.</td><td>868</td></tr><tr><td>ibid.</td><td>ibid.</td><td>Cardinal Wölſey the ſtorie of his life & vprifing deſcribed.</td><td>904</td></tr><tr><td>C. Carliele builded.</td><td></td><td>Cardinal Campeius came into Eng.</td><td>923</td></tr><tr><td>Caratacus.</td><td>21</td><td>Cardinal Poole came into England.</td><td>1093</td></tr><tr><td>Caligula his expedition into Britain.</td><td>38</td><td>Caſtel at Tourney built.</td><td>922</td></tr><tr><td>Cains.</td><td>36</td><td>Caſte hanged in Cheape.</td><td>1090</td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie builded.</td><td>65</td><td>Cecilius King.</td><td>28</td></tr><tr><td>ded.</td><td></td><td>Cæſar Julius his firſt voyage into Brytain.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie defaced by fire.</td><td>34</td><td>31.his ſecond & third voyage.</td><td>32.</td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie prouince deuided into Paſſhes.</td><td>270</td><td>Caſtled in Brytaine.</td><td>33.</td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie brent.</td><td>92</td><td>Cerdike firſt King of the Weſt Saxöſ.</td><td>113</td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie ouerflowed, by breaking out of bornes.</td><td>294</td><td>Cerdikes Shore.</td><td>113</td></tr><tr><td>Caporus King.</td><td>31</td><td>Cerdikes Forde.</td><td>113</td></tr><tr><td>Caffibelanus King.</td><td>34</td><td>Cheſter a Citie.</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Cambridge builded.</td><td>29</td><td>Cheſſe a game deuised.</td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>Cairleon vpon Vſke builded.</td><td>27</td><td>Chartſey in Surrey founded.</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>Expenus King.</td><td>31</td><td>Chartley Caſtle builded.</td><td>254</td></tr><tr><td>Caraufius vſurped Britaine.</td><td>65</td><td>Christians firſt in Brytaine.</td><td>52.</td></tr><tr><td>Careticus King.</td><td>88</td><td>Cheſter.</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

C.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Carliele builded.</td><td></td><td>Caſwalader King.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caratacus.</td><td>21</td><td>Caſdine King.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caligula his expedition into Britain.</td><td>38</td><td>Caſdwine King.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cains.</td><td>36</td><td>Caſtellus King hung vp oppreffors.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie builded.</td><td>65</td><td>Caſtels at Notingham, Yorke and Lincolne builded.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caſtel buylde.</td><td></td><td>Caſtles repaid and the Caſtel builded.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie defaced by fire.</td><td>34</td><td>Caſfile a Bifhops Sea.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie prouince deuided into Paſſhes.</td><td>92</td><td>Caſutus the Dane King of England.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie brent.</td><td>209</td><td>Calcice beſieged by the Duke of B.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Canterburie ouerflowed, by breaking out of bornes.</td><td>294</td><td>Calcice loſt by the Engliſhmen.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caporus King.</td><td>31</td><td>Caſtarie in Brytaine.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caffibelanus King.</td><td>34</td><td>Caſtles in Blythe.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cambridge builded.</td><td>29</td><td>Caſtles in Ireland.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Cairleon vpon Vſke builded.</td><td>27</td><td>Caſtles in Ireland.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Expenus King.</td><td>31</td><td>Caſtles in Ireland.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Caraufius vſurped Britaine.</td><td>65</td><td>Caſtles in Ireland.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Careticus King.</td><td>88</td><td>Caſtles in Ireland.</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

THE TABLE.

<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Chefter repayred.</td>
      <td>129</td>
      <td>ken by Tempeft.</td>
      <td>1113</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Churchyardes appointed to Bury.</td>
      <td>117</td>
      <td>Charitable aftes of Maifter William Lambe.</td>
      <td>1188</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chaftitie before beautitie to be preferred page.</td>
      <td>121</td>
      <td>Cilicefter a Citie.</td>
      <td>84</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charing Croffe.</td>
      <td>305</td>
      <td>Cicefter brent.</td>
      <td>88</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Children were eaten of their parentes. page.</td>
      <td>336</td>
      <td>Cirencefter.</td>
      <td>114</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chichefter brent.</td>
      <td>182</td>
      <td>Citizens of Canterbury againſte the Monkes of Chriſts Church.</td>
      <td>354</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chriſtes Church in London founde.</td>
      <td>180</td>
      <td>Citizens of Norwich againſt the Prior. page.</td>
      <td>647</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Children of King Hemie drowned.</td>
      <td>183</td>
      <td>Claudius a Romaine.</td>
      <td>37.39</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chefter Abbey.</td>
      <td>172</td>
      <td>Clearkenwel.</td>
      <td>177</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chriſt was borne.</td>
      <td>35</td>
      <td>Clearkes of Oxford banifhed.</td>
      <td>281.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Children of Engliſhmen ſolde in common markets.</td>
      <td>107</td>
      <td>diff. cord betwixt the Clearkes and laye men.</td>
      <td>307</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chipenham.</td>
      <td>121</td>
      <td>Cleargies landes required.</td>
      <td>499</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chichefter builded.</td>
      <td>34.&.94</td>
      <td>Clopton Maior of London.</td>
      <td>865</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chipingham in Wilſhire.</td>
      <td>123</td>
      <td>Cleargie cödenmned in premunire.</td>
      <td>978</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chichefter brent.</td>
      <td>214</td>
      <td>Cleargie ſworne to the King.</td>
      <td>979</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chriſtanhus deputie in Brytaine.</td>
      <td>77</td>
      <td>Counties or ſlières in England.</td>
      <td>1</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chirinus King.</td>
      <td>30</td>
      <td>Cornewal deſcribed.</td>
      <td>12</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chefter repayred.</td>
      <td>54</td>
      <td>Cordila Queene.</td>
      <td>22</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chriſt counterſaite.</td>
      <td>255</td>
      <td>Crowne of gold firſt worne in Eng.</td>
      <td>24</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charterhouſe of London founde.</td>
      <td>406</td>
      <td>Conſpiracy in Ireland againſt King Hérie the fixth.</td>
      <td>862.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chicheley his teſtament.</td>
      <td>612</td>
      <td>Coronation of Q. Anne Bulleine.</td>
      <td>916</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Church ſeruice altered.</td>
      <td>587</td>
      <td>Coilus King.</td>
      <td>30</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Cheſt in the Guild Hal of London.</td>
      <td>464</td>
      <td>Coilus King.</td>
      <td>54</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chappell at Weſtminſter for Hemie the ſeuenth.</td>
      <td>875</td>
      <td>Colchefter builded.</td>
      <td>54.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Chriſt Church ſuppreſſed.</td>
      <td>908</td>
      <td>beſieged &. ſpoiled, repayred again.</td>
      <td>129.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charterhouſe Monkes executed.</td>
      <td>1003; 1004.</td>
      <td>Comodus Emperour.</td>
      <td>248</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charitable deeds of fir John Allen.</td>
      <td>1005</td>
      <td>Coil King.</td>
      <td>57</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charitie of Thomas Huntlowe.</td>
      <td>1016</td>
      <td>Constantius Emperoure.</td>
      <td>67.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Churches pulled downe.</td>
      <td>1038</td>
      <td>67. dyed at Yorke.</td>
      <td>68</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Churche of Sainte Iohn by Smithſielde blowe vp.</td>
      <td>1040</td>
      <td>Conſſantine the great.</td>
      <td>68</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charnel houſe of Paules conuerted to dwellings.</td>
      <td>1040</td>
      <td>Constantius Emperour.</td>
      <td>69.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charitable deedes of fir Rowlande Hill. page.</td>
      <td>1044</td>
      <td>Conſtance.</td>
      <td>70</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charitable deeds of George Barnes.</td>
      <td>1054</td>
      <td>Constantius.</td>
      <td>70</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Charitable deedes of fir Thomas White. page.</td>
      <td>1075</td>
      <td>Constantine King.</td>
      <td>86</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Church Images brent.</td>
      <td>1113</td>
      <td>Comet appeared.</td>
      <td>135.180</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Churches in London ſtriken and bro.</td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Couentrie priuileged.</td>
      <td>146</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Comen Earle of Northumberland flaine. page.</td>
      <td>161</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Conſpiracie againſt William Conqueror. page.</td>
      <td>162</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Q. iij.</td>
      <td>Cogſhall</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

THE TABLE.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Cogshall in Effex.</td><td>199</td><td>Counter remoured into Woodstreete first.</td><td>1098</td></tr><tr><td>Conestable of Colchefter lost his owne life, to faue the Kings life.</td><td>205</td><td>Coronation of Queene Elizabeth.</td><td>1117</td></tr><tr><td>Colledge at Lambeth.</td><td>229</td><td>Conference of religion at Westminster.</td><td>1111</td></tr><tr><td>Corne full of vermine.</td><td>264</td><td>Creda firft King of Mertians.</td><td>101</td></tr><tr><td>Corne deare.</td><td>234.276.300.641</td><td>Criklade a towne.</td><td>128</td></tr><tr><td>Corne cheape.</td><td>867</td><td>Criples gate of London.</td><td>166</td></tr><tr><td>Constantine hanged.</td><td>257</td><td>Crockard and Pollard false moneys.</td><td>310</td></tr><tr><td>Coyne bace.</td><td>271</td><td>Creation of Dukes and Erles.</td><td>500.527.</td></tr><tr><td>Conuerts their house founded.</td><td>863</td><td>degraded.</td><td>543</td></tr><tr><td>Colledge of Saint Laurence Poultney founded.</td><td>364</td><td>Crosby Sherife of London, his gift to the Citie.</td><td>725</td></tr><tr><td>Comodities of peace.</td><td>404</td><td>Criples gate of London builded.</td><td>749</td></tr><tr><td>Cobham Colledge.</td><td>460</td><td>Croſſe in Cheape builded.</td><td>862</td></tr><tr><td>Counſellers bannifhed the Court.</td><td>506</td><td>Creations at Bridewel.</td><td>940. of the Erle of Leicesters.</td></tr><tr><td>Counſel of Conſtance.</td><td>5</td><td>Croomnewell maſier of the Rolles.</td><td>1003</td></tr><tr><td>Colledge and Hospital at Higham Ferres.</td><td>630</td><td>beheaded.</td><td>1019</td></tr><tr><td>Conſpiracie diſcloſed.</td><td>588</td><td>Crammer brent.</td><td>1100</td></tr><tr><td>Conſpiracie of Abingdon.</td><td>634. at Conuentrie.</td><td>Cunobelinus King.</td><td>35</td></tr><tr><td>Colledge at Tateshal.</td><td>933</td><td>Cups of braſſe by the high wayes.</td><td>109</td></tr><tr><td>Cooke Maior of London.</td><td>640</td><td>Cuſtos of London Coneſable of the Tower.</td><td>303.305</td></tr><tr><td>Coyne enhaunce.</td><td>716. newe.717.</td><td>Conduit in Cheape builded.</td><td>302</td></tr><tr><td>Colingborne beheaded.</td><td>847</td><td>Conduite in Cornehill builded.</td><td>550</td></tr><tr><td>Combat for the kingdome.</td><td>138</td><td>Conduite in Cheape builded.</td><td>748</td></tr><tr><td>Combat at Reading.</td><td>204. betwene two Dukes.</td><td>Conduite in Fleeteftreete builded.</td><td>640</td></tr><tr><td>Combat foughte at Westminſter beſtwixt Iohn de Vifcount born at Cipres and Thomas Delamarch baſtard ſonne to Philip king of France, before king Edwarde the thirde.</td><td>479</td><td>Conduite in Graſſeftreete builded.</td><td>865</td></tr><tr><td>Combat.</td><td>4.96. in Smithſielde.</td><td>Conduit at Bifhops gate builded.</td><td>878</td></tr><tr><td>at Tothil.</td><td>633. 643.</td><td>D.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>at Smithfield.</td><td>647. &amp; 649. at Tothill.</td><td>Dunce of Paules.</td><td>567</td></tr><tr><td>A Cooke boyléd in Smithſielde.</td><td>978</td><td>Daunce in Effex.</td><td>99</td></tr><tr><td>Coyners and clyppers executed.</td><td>980</td><td>Danes arriuie in Englande.</td><td>117. at Lindſarne.</td></tr><tr><td>Conduite in Lothburie.</td><td>1034</td><td>Danes in England.</td><td>117</td></tr><tr><td>Commotion in Somerſet and Lincolnſhires.</td><td>1040. in Cornewall and Deuonſhire.</td><td>Danes ſpoyled London.</td><td>119</td></tr><tr><td>1040. in Yorkeſhire.</td><td>1042</td><td>Danes ſpoyled Wincheste.</td><td>120</td></tr><tr><td>in Somerſetſhire and other places.</td><td>1009.110. &amp; 1111.</td><td>Danes had a victorie at Reading.</td><td>120</td></tr><tr><td>Coronation of Queene Marie.</td><td>1072</td><td>Danes in England murdered.</td><td>135</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Danes deſtroyed Canterbury and murdered their Archbifhop.</td><td>135. their tyrannie.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Danes poſſeſſe all Englande.</td><td>136</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Dane gilte.</td><td>139</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td>Danes Church without Templebar.</td><td>142</td></tr></tbody></table>

Darkeneſſe

THE TABLE.

<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Darkenesse in Paules Church.</td>
      <td>262</td>
      <td>Countesse of Salisbury.</td>
      <td>622</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>David king of Scots taken.</td>
      <td>399</td>
      <td>Drie Sommer.</td>
      <td>1020</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dampot and chapman two of the Guarde hanged.</td>
      <td>1020</td>
      <td>Duke of Buckingham accused of Treason.</td>
      <td>928</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dakers of the North arraigned.</td>
      <td>1022</td>
      <td>Duke of Norffolke sent into Scotland.</td>
      <td>929</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Daunce of Paules pulled downe.</td>
      <td>1040</td>
      <td>page.</td>
      <td>1114</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dagger throwne at a Preacher.</td>
      <td>1060</td>
      <td>Duke of Norffolke and Earle of Surrey sent to the Tower.</td>
      <td>1034</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Denmarke contributoric to Brytayne.</td>
      <td>27.28</td>
      <td>Duke of Somerset brought to the Tower.</td>
      <td>1044</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dedantius king.</td>
      <td>30</td>
      <td>Duke of Northumberland and others beheaded.</td>
      <td>1050</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Detonus king.</td>
      <td>30</td>
      <td>1070</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Decius.</td>
      <td>64</td>
      <td>Duke of Suffolk beheaded.</td>
      <td>1090</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Deorham.</td>
      <td>114</td>
      <td>Duke of Norffolke sent to the Tower, 1154.</td>
      <td>1155</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dearth in England that mens flesh was eaten.</td>
      <td>162</td>
      <td>beheaded.</td>
      <td>1162</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Delacrasse Abbey.</td>
      <td>254</td>
      <td>E.</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Delapoole Duke of Suffolk murdered.</td>
      <td>651</td>
      <td>Branke king.</td>
      <td>19</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>page.</td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Eaft Saxons.</td>
      <td>88.98</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Death in London.</td>
      <td>874</td>
      <td>Eaft Angles.</td>
      <td>84.96</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dearth without scarcitie.</td>
      <td>1176</td>
      <td>Earthquake.</td>
      <td>133.165.169.180.182.185.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Disputation at Chrifts Hospital.</td>
      <td>1098</td>
      <td>202.205.212.214.270.271.274.297.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Disputation at Oxford.</td>
      <td>1091</td>
      <td>491.497.630.1049.</td>
      <td>1121.1210.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Description of Englande.</td>
      <td>1</td>
      <td>Earle Waren excommunicate for aduourtry.</td>
      <td>337</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dinellus king.</td>
      <td>31</td>
      <td>Earle of Northumberland flaine by the commons there.</td>
      <td>864</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Ditch about London.</td>
      <td>137.244.</td>
      <td>Earle of Deuonshire created.</td>
      <td>1072</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>cleanfed page.</td>
      <td>875</td>
      <td>Earle of Warwick's mariage.</td>
      <td>1128</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Ditche aboute the Tower of London.</td>
      <td>220</td>
      <td>Earle of Warwick sente against the Re-bels.</td>
      <td>1140</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>page.</td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Earles of Northumberland and West-merland fledde.</td>
      <td>1140</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Diffention at Oxforde, the Citizens indited.</td>
      <td>430.505.510</td>
      <td>Earle of Deuonshire executed.</td>
      <td>1015</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Diuell in likenesse of a Frier.</td>
      <td>550</td>
      <td>Earle of Surrey beheaded.</td>
      <td>1034</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Domitianus Emperour.</td>
      <td>54</td>
      <td>Earle of Hertford made Lord Protec-tor.</td>
      <td>1035</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Doncafter.</td>
      <td>19</td>
      <td>Earle of Deuonshire to the Tower.</td>
      <td>1090</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Douer Casset builded.</td>
      <td>34.</td>
      <td>fent to Fodringay.</td>
      <td>1071</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>besieged.</td>
      <td>250</td>
      <td>Earle of Kent restored.</td>
      <td>1154</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>spoyled by Frenchmen.</td>
      <td>307</td>
      <td>Earle of Darby deceased.</td>
      <td>1164</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dorchester a Bishop Sea.</td>
      <td>114</td>
      <td>Earle of Northumberland beheaded.</td>
      <td>1165</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Donemouth.</td>
      <td>117</td>
      <td>Earle of Worcester sent into Fraunce &amp; robbed on the Sea.</td>
      <td>1163</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Downmow in Eſſex.</td>
      <td>178</td>
      <td>Earle of Eſſex with others fayled into-Ireland.</td>
      <td>1174</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Donwich spoyled.</td>
      <td>300.</td>
      <td>Capitaine general.</td>
      <td>1175</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>by Tépeſt.</td>
      <td>302.</td>
      <td>Ebbe.</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dogges flesh good meate.</td>
      <td>336</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dragons ſeene.</td>
      <td>263.297</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Durham a Bishops Sea.</td>
      <td>135</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Ducket hanged in Bow Church.</td>
      <td>301</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Dukes banifhed.</td>
      <td>529</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Duke of Burgoigne enamored on the</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

THE TABLE.

<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Ebbe Abbeſſe of Coldingham.</td>
      <td>121</td>
      <td>Eliud king.</td>
      <td>18</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edenbourgh builded.</td>
      <td>20.</td>
      <td>Elye minſter founded.</td>
      <td>97. III. a Bifhops</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Englishmen.</td>
      <td>1173. brent.</td>
      <td>ſea.</td>
      <td>180</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edmond King of Eastangles martired by the Danes.</td>
      <td>97</td>
      <td>Elder brother ſeeketh ſaurour of the yoder brother, but it would not be obtained.</td>
      <td>179</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edmond Ironſide king.</td>
      <td>137</td>
      <td>Elſing ſpittle founded.</td>
      <td>366</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edriſe of Stratun the Traytour.</td>
      <td>137. 138</td>
      <td>Elianor Cobham apprehended.</td>
      <td>644. indited of treaſon.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edwin of the Weſt Saxōs a vicious king depriued.</td>
      <td>132</td>
      <td>645. did penance.</td>
      <td>646</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edgar K. crowned at Bath.</td>
      <td>132. restored</td>
      <td>Elizabeth now Queene of England hyr birth.</td>
      <td>999. hir chriftning.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monaſteries.</td>
      <td>133. eyghe kings rowed him.</td>
      <td>1000</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edwarde ſonne to Edgar murthered by his ſtepmother.</td>
      <td>134</td>
      <td>Lady Elizabeth ſent to the tower.</td>
      <td>1090</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edmonds Burie builded.</td>
      <td>140</td>
      <td>Emerianus king.</td>
      <td>30</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edwarde Conſeſſur.</td>
      <td>142</td>
      <td>Emperour came to London.</td>
      <td>930</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edmonds Burie brent.</td>
      <td>245</td>
      <td>England firſt ſo called.</td>
      <td>118</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward the firſt king.</td>
      <td>296</td>
      <td>Enſigne of the Danes.</td>
      <td>123</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward the ſecond king.</td>
      <td>325. imprifoned</td>
      <td>Englishmen beſieged the Caſtel of Argilla in Barbarie.</td>
      <td>128</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>349. depoſed.</td>
      <td>350. murdred.</td>
      <td>England deuided.</td>
      <td>138</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward le Brusſe beheaded.</td>
      <td>338</td>
      <td>Englande conquered by woodeſ boſes.</td>
      <td>46</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward the third king.</td>
      <td>352. elected King of Almaine.</td>
      <td>England interdiſted.</td>
      <td>236. releaſed.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>404. dyed.</td>
      <td>469</td>
      <td>Engliſh ſhips ouercome by Spaniar.</td>
      <td>475</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edwarde the ſeconde bruted to be aliuie page.</td>
      <td>359</td>
      <td>Entercourſe with Flaunders.</td>
      <td>870</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edendon founded.</td>
      <td>393</td>
      <td>Engliſhmen ſent to Saint Quint.</td>
      <td>1104</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward Earle of March.</td>
      <td>711. crowned.</td>
      <td>Engliſhmen ſent to Vlſtar in Ireland.</td>
      <td>1163</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>715. martired.</td>
      <td>723. eſcaped.</td>
      <td>Epitſle of Elutherius.</td>
      <td>55</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>724. returned.</td>
      <td>726. made knightes at London.</td>
      <td>Epitſle of Boniſace to king Ethelbald.</td>
      <td>102</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>735. banqueted the Maior of Londò.</td>
      <td>749. ended his life.</td>
      <td>Erchenwive firſt king of Eaſt Saxōs.</td>
      <td>98.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>750. his deſcription.</td>
      <td>752. Oration at his death.</td>
      <td>Effendune in Eſſe.</td>
      <td>138</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>758. his Concupbines.</td>
      <td>799</td>
      <td>Exchequer at Northampton.</td>
      <td>237</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward Lord Grey made Earle of Kent page.</td>
      <td>713</td>
      <td>Exchequer at Yorke.</td>
      <td>306</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Edward the ſixth borne.</td>
      <td>1011. beganne to raigne.</td>
      <td>Exchequer at Yorke.</td>
      <td>340</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>1035. made knight.</td>
      <td>ibid. deſeſed.</td>
      <td>Ethelbert king of Kent.</td>
      <td>90. chriftened.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Egueſham.</td>
      <td>1058</td>
      <td>Ethelburge poyſoned hir husband Butricus king of Weſt Saxons.</td>
      <td>118. hir miſerable end.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Egelburge.</td>
      <td>114</td>
      <td>Ethelingey, the noble Iland.</td>
      <td>123</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Egbrightſtone.</td>
      <td>123</td>
      <td>Etheldred king of Weſt Saxons.</td>
      <td>134</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Elanius king.</td>
      <td>28</td>
      <td>Eueſham founded.</td>
      <td>102</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Elidurus king.</td>
      <td>29</td>
      <td>Exceſter builded.</td>
      <td>34</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Eldred king.</td>
      <td>30</td>
      <td>Exceſter the Danes wintered there.</td>
      <td>122</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Exceſter a Bifhops Sea.</td>
      <td>135</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Exceſter beſieged.</td>
      <td>160. &. 188</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Executiò in Pauls churchyard.</td>
      <td>1015. 1083.</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Famæm

THE TABLE.

F.

F Amine. 166.172

Fals accuser of his elder brother han-
ged. 227

Farendon founded. 251

Fat Cow.xvj.pence. 420

Fall of money.1049. second fall of mo-
ney.ibid. &. 1115

Falfe Chrift whipped. 1116

Felix Bifhop of Donwich. 96

Fernehame in Southſex. 125

Feuersſham in Kent founded. 195

Feete and hands of many me cut of.257

Feast of Saint George at Windsor. 415

Free Schoole at Bedford founded. 1117

Felton arraigned and executed. 1148

Fire-light forbidden to the English. 153

Fifh like a man.214. like armed knights
245. monſtrous. 268

Fikets felde. 585

Fire at Baynardes Caſtle. 652

Fiz Water drowned. 636

Fire nigh Ludgate of London. 674

Fire at Leaden Hal.846. in Breadſtreete
859. in Roode lane. 1013. at Temple
barre.1003. at Broken wharfe. 1040

Fritfe fruities and tenthes giuen to the
King. 1003. restored to the Cleargie.
page. 1099

Firſt flew of children in Chriſts Hofpi-
tall. 1055

Fifteenes granted at a Parliament.1017

Fiué perſons of the familie of loue ſtode
at Paules Croſſe. 1184

Flyes venomous. 23

Florianus. 64

Flauius. 64

Flemmings ſenr into Wales. 180

Floudes of water.269.272.274.1123.276

Flint Caſtell builded. 297. rafed to the
ground. 299

Fleete dike at London which ſometime
bare ſhippes ſore decayed. 322

Florences of Gold. 388

Flemmings robbed by the Kētisſumen.
page. 724

Ferrex and Porrex kings. 24

Foreſt in Hampſhire. 166

Fodringhey Colledge founded. 574

Foure Eclipſes. 1027

Foxley of the Tower Potmaker ſlept.14
dayes and as manye nightes without
waking. 1033

Frawe a riuer. 122

Froſt great. 172.234. 293.299. 194. 638.
page. 923

Free Schoole and almes houſes at Rut-
cliffe. 1014

Frier Forreſt brent. 1012

Free Schoole at Drayton in Shropſhire.
page. 1032

Free Schole at Tonbridge. 1048

Frenchmen landed in the Ile of Wight.
1032. at Newhauen in Suſſex. 158

Frenchmen attached. 930

Frenchmen arriued in Suſſex. 1031

Friers houſes ſuppreſſed. 1003. againe.
page. 1014

Free Schole at Walthamſtow. 903

Fray in Saint Dunſtans Church of Lon-
don. 568

Frier tormented to death. 494

Friers of the ſacke. 316

French nauie taken. 501

Fray againſt the ſtilyarde men. 867

Fier at the ſtarre in Breadſtreete. 643.
on London bridge. 877

Frier Randulph ſlayne. 632

French men land in Wales. 565

Fraunce. 390

Frier Randulph ſent to the Tower. 604

Fray at Wreſtling. 673

Fulgen king. 30

Fullenham or Fulham. 124

Foure children borne at one burde. 1183

Flyes in Februarie in greate number.
page. 1180

Probſhers firſt voyage to Cataya. 1186

Froſt and a ſharp winter. 1165

99. Galey

THE TABLE.

Hayle in Northamptonshire did muche
harme. 1174

Hailestones figured like més heads. 1031

Hangman hanged. 1013
Helius king. 31

Helen mother to Constantine. 69

Hengeſt Saxon. 80. king of Kent. 83

Hengeſt firſt king of Kent. 90

Hereſorde Bifhoppes ſea founded. 106

Hereſord brent. 164
Hemie the firſt. 176

Hereſord brent. 189

Hemie the ſeconde king. 200. wente a-gainſt the Welchmen. 201

Heraclius Patriarke. 214

Hedges burned. 237

Hemie the third King. 252

Herdesmen go toward Ierusalem. 349

Hugh Spencer executed. 349 350

Hemie Percy created Erle of Northumberland. 471

Hemie baſtard of Spaine. 475

Herſelee beſieged. 589

Hemie ſonne to John of Gaunt created
Duke of Hereſorde. 527. accuſeth the
Duke of Norſtolke. 528. baniſhed. 529
returneth into Englande. 532. choſen
king. 540. crowned. 542. confpiracie a-
gainſte him. 544. entreth Scotlande.
547. in great daunger. 549. marieth
the dutches of Brytaine. 553. confpi-
racie againſt him. 563. writeth to the
Pope. 571. ended his life. 576

Hemie Beauchamp created duke of Warwicke. 648

Hemie Lord Bourcher made Earle of Efex. 713

Hemie ſon to Hemie the ſeauenth borne
page. 865

Hemie ſonne to Hemie the fourth made
prince of Wales. 541. his demeanor at
his fathers death. 576. crowned king
583. entreth Normandie. 588. 599. re-
turneth home. 597. deceaſed. 614

Hemie the fixth borne at Windsor. 612

King of England and of Fraunce. 678

crowned. 633. at Paris. 635. fled into
Scotlande. 712. diſherited. 713. taken

717. reſtored. 725. ſent to the Tower
prifoner. 727. murdered. 729. his cö-
mendation. 730. his Colledge. 731. his
death. 756. buried at Windſor. 848

Edward Prince borne in Sanctuarie. 726
807. King of Englande. 751. his aun-
ſwere to his mother. 805. murdered.
page. 828

Hemie Earle of Richmonde landed at
Myſford hauen. 851. proclavmed king
858. crowned. 861. beſieged Buloigne
866. builded a Chapple at Westmin-
ſter. 875. Hofpitall of the Sauoy. 891.
deceaſed ibidem, his ſepulchre. 892

Hingwer the Dane flyne. 123

Honorius Emperour. 73

Hokenorton a towne. 129

Houndſdich. 139

Hofen a payre for a king three ſhillings
page. 168

Howſes blowne down in Cheape. 170

Hofpital of Saint Leonard at Yorke ſoſ-
ded. 175

Hofpitall of Saint Giles. 183

Hofpital of Saint Croſſe builded. 185

Hofpital of St. Thomas in Southwark. 244

Hofpitall at Oxford. 263

Hofpital of Saint Marie at London. 265

Hofpital at Leceſter founded. 365

Hoggges in Normandie brent by Edward
the third. 394

Hofpitall at Kingſton founded. 461

Houſekeeping of the Earle of Warwike
page. 722

Houſe at London bridge fell into the
Thames. 748

Humber a Riuer. 18

Humſrey Duke of Gloſeſter chalengeth
to cöbat with Phillip D. of Burgoign
625. marieth Elianor Cobham. 631. dyed
at Bury. 650. debate betwene the D.
of Glo. and the Bi. of Wincheſter. 627

¶.ij.

Page

THE TABLE,

718 Turérs on the Pillerie. Knightes made by the Earle of Suff. 1144

1018 Iusting of Chalengers. page. 1006

1151 Iustes at Greenewich. L. Ancafter builded. 28

507 Iustes at Westminfter. Lanthony founded. 178

507 Iustices condemned. Late harueft. 364

864 Infurrection in the North. Labaftie in Fráce brent by the Eng. 425

923 Ill May day. Lambert brent. 1014

1096 Iuogo de Can a paſtme at Court. Lambeth Ferry drowned. 1010

1013 Images brent at Cherſie. Leil King. 21

1036 Images forbidden. Legion of the Romaines. 21

Image of Thomas Becket defaced &c. 1110

K.

23 K. Inimacus king. Legetoun or Lutone in Hertfordſhire. 28

87 Kingdome of Northumberland. Leedes Caſtle in Kent built. 163. befieged

89 Kentiſh Saxons. page. 129

145 Kings cuill healed. Lewes in Suff. 342

181 Kenſham builded. Lefines in Kent founded. 212

181 Kenelworth Priorie & Caſtel built. Lewes arriued in England. 249. returned

290. yeel- into Fraunce. 253

291 Kenighten guilde. Legat put to his ſhiftes. 266

251 Knarisborow. Leaden Hall builded. 649

283 Kenington or Kingſton Caſtle. Lewes de Bruges Lord Grantehufe made

387 King of Man. Earle of Wincheſter. 738

455 Kings a Prince and other. Legate from Rome. 959

465 King Caſtle. Letanie in Engliſh. 1029

932 King and Queene of Denmarkke arriued in England. Llhanpatren Vaier Caſtel builded. 298

959 King Henries marriage with Queene Licinius Valerianus. 64

978 King Henrie supreme head of the church page. 64

978 King Henrie the eighte befieged Tur- Lincolne Colledge in Oxford. 1217

898 Kings ſtable brent. Librarie at Yorke. 112

1003 King Henrie married Lady Jane. 1007 Liganburge. 114

1034 King Henrie his gift to the Citie of Lo- Limen a Riuer. 124

1021 Sir. Edmund Kneuet aRAigned for striking page. 1115

1021 King Henrie married Ladye Anne of Cleane. Lieth taken and ſpoyled. 1028.befieged men executed. 1011

1029 King Henrie 8. went to Boloigne. Liabilities in Southwark purchased. 1046

1050 Liberties of the Stilyarde-seaſed. 1050

qq. iij.

THE TABLE.

Londò builded. 18. tooke name of Lud.
31. repayred and made habitable. 124
empaired by fire. 134. brent. 166. 185.
187. bridge brent. 241

Liberties of London seafed. 274. taken
and helde by the Earle of Glocester.
292. vncurteous to the King. 512

Liberties seafed. 513

London the Kings especially Chamber.
page. 814

Locrine King. 13

Lollius Vrbicus a Romane. 54

Lombards goodes conficate. 376

Lord Caffels flayne. 557

Lone to King Henry the vij. 861.864

Lord Dacres of the North arraigned.
page. 1003

Lone of money to the King. 861.864

Lord of merrie disportes. 1055

Lord of misrule. 1055

Locke and key weyed but one wheate
corne. 1195

Lud King repaired London. 31

Ludgate builded. 31

Lucius King. 54. baptifed. 55

Ludlow Caffell taken. 285. towne sjoyed. 691

M.

M Adan King deuoured. 19

Marcus Antonius. 64

Macrinus Emperour. 64

Maximus a Romane. 66

Maximus Emperour. 71

Malgo King. 87

Maldune in Eftfex. 99.129

Martins Church at Douer founded. 93.
by Ludgate. 88

Malmesbury buylded. 115

Marius King. 58. flew Roderike King of
Pictes. 54

Manchefter repaired. 130

Maior of London repaireth to Paules
wherefore. 158. 219. yearely choſen.
237. rowed to Westminſter. 674. con-

feruer of the Thamis and Medway
two Riuers. 864. feast kepte at the
Guild hall. 874

Mawde the Empresse. 190. obteyned the
crowne. 191. fled. 192. beſeeged. 194.
ſlyeth. 194. Walingford beſeeged.
190. 195

Marleborough Caffell beſeeged. 224.

Mart at Westminſter. 271

Mad Parliament. 276. at the new Temple. 277

Martins Churche in the Vintrey newe
builded. 309

Margaret daughter to Edward the fourth
marryed to the Duke of Burgoigne.
page. 719

Martin Swart. 863

Merchants of England receyued with
proceſſion. 872

Merchant Taylors. 876

Maltot. 490

Mayd boyled in Smithfield. 102

Margaue and Marqueffe of Baden lan-
ded at Douer. 1127. returneth out of
England. 1129

Memprifius King deuoured. 19

Merianus King. 31

Mercians or middle England. 88. 100

Medefhamſted now Peterborough. 101

Medway a Riuer. 124. drie. 181

Meaſures reformed. 176

Men brought from new found Ilandes.
page. 875

Men drowned at London bridge. 1059.
againe. 1067

Mercers Chappell in London. 292

Midleton or Milton in Kent. 125

Mints or coyning places. 130. in Ireland.
page. 239

Michelney. 131

Minories without Aldgate founded. 306

Middleton in Dorſetshire brent. 330

Michaels Church in Crooked lane buil-
ded. 462

Morgan King. 22

Morta-

Mortalité. 23.

Mother flew. 23.

Morindus King. 23.

Morgan King. 23.

Mordred the
children fl.

Monkes. 120.

Monaſterie a
Monſter.

Monſters ap-
Monſtrous b.

Montgomer
Monaſteries

Monmouth
Monſter.

Morrimer ef-
Mortimer b.

Mayden of
Mouing of

Monkes go
Monſter pr.

Mooregate
Mersers pr.

Munſter at
Munſter at

G. Monox
Mulmuciu
Mufter of

Monmouth
Mufter at

page.
page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

page.

N Ob
Con.

Names

THE TABLE,

<table>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Mortalitie.23.336. more of kine.</td>
      <td>340</td>
      <td>Nero a Romane.</td>
      <td>39</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mother flew hir sonne.</td>
      <td>24</td>
      <td>Newcafstell vpon Tine founded. 172. the towne drowned.</td>
      <td>378</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Morindus King deoured by a møster.28</td>
      <td>30</td>
      <td>New Abbey by the Tower of London founded.</td>
      <td>407</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Morgan King.</td>
      <td>30</td>
      <td>Newgate of London builded. 619. on fire.</td>
      <td>1100</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mordred the Traytor flayne. 86. hys children flayne.</td>
      <td>87</td>
      <td>New Testament first printed in englifh page.</td>
      <td>967</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monkes.1200.flayne.</td>
      <td>108</td>
      <td>Newman prief bare a fagot at Paules Croſſe for ſinging Maſſe with good Ale.</td>
      <td>1010</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monafterie at Winchester founded.</td>
      <td>127</td>
      <td>New Coyne. 1072. againe. 115.agayne. page.</td>
      <td>1117</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monſter.</td>
      <td>235.270</td>
      <td>Newhauen by Bolleine wonne by the French.</td>
      <td>1042</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monſters appeare.553. Monſter.</td>
      <td>1053</td>
      <td>Nightlwalkers in London did murther all they mette.</td>
      <td>209</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monſtrous birthes.</td>
      <td>1117</td>
      <td>Night as light as the day.</td>
      <td>1125</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Montgomery Caſſell founded.</td>
      <td>258</td>
      <td>Norwich a Bifhops ſee. 173. brent. 208. 294. citie walled. 315. ſteeple brent.</td>
      <td>890</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monaſteries rifled.</td>
      <td>162.307</td>
      <td>715.brent.</td>
      <td>890</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monmouth Caſſell rafed.</td>
      <td>286</td>
      <td>Notingham brent. 191. beſeeged.</td>
      <td>198</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mortimer eſcaped out of the tower.</td>
      <td>346</td>
      <td>Nonne Eaten founded.</td>
      <td>206</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mortimer beheaded.</td>
      <td>362</td>
      <td>Northampton beſeeged.</td>
      <td>282</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mayden of God.633.brent.</td>
      <td>634</td>
      <td>Noble of gold.</td>
      <td>574</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mouing of the earth.</td>
      <td>1150</td>
      <td>Newelme hofpitall.</td>
      <td>652</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monkes goodes confiſcate.</td>
      <td>376</td>
      <td>Nunnes biürt in their Abbey.</td>
      <td>121</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mooregate of London builded.</td>
      <td>587</td>
      <td>Nelſon executed.</td>
      <td>1192</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mercers prentiſes of London againſt the ſtrangers.</td>
      <td>679</td>
      <td>Newport towne ouerflowed.</td>
      <td>1209</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>G. Monox his almes deedes.</td>
      <td>902</td>
      <td>New Colledge in Oxford.</td>
      <td>1217</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mulnucius King.</td>
      <td>24</td>
      <td>New Inne in Oxford.</td>
      <td>1223</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Muſter of horſſemen.1050. agayne.1052.</td>
      <td></td>
      <td>O.</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Muſter at Greenewich by Londoners. page.</td>
      <td>1112</td>
      <td>OCT auins Auguſtus a Romane.</td>
      <td>34</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Merchant Taylors freeſchoole founded.</td>
      <td>1116</td>
      <td>Order of the Garter founded at Windſore.</td>
      <td>415</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>page.</td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Oration made by the D. of Buckingham.</td>
      <td>845</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mary Rofe a Shippe drowned.</td>
      <td>1032</td>
      <td>811. the ſame Duke of Buckingham beheaded.</td>
      <td>845</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Men brent in the Hedgehog a Ship.1031</td>
      <td></td>
      <td>Otto of Bromſwike chalengeſt combate with Iohn Duke of Lancaſter.</td>
      <td>426</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mathew Hamont an Heretike brent.</td>
      <td>1195</td>
      <td>Owen Glendouerdew.</td>
      <td>551. 557. his ſonne taken.</td>
      <td>563</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Marmaduke Glouer hanged in Cheape. page.</td>
      <td>1209</td>
      <td>Owen Tewther brake out of Newgate.</td>
      <td>709</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Monſtrous child.</td>
      <td>1212.1213</td>
      <td>640.beheaded.</td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Magdalen colledge in Cambridge.</td>
      <td>1220</td>
      <td>qq. iij.</td>
      <td>Oxford.</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Merton Colledge in Oxford.</td>
      <td>1221</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Magdalen Colledge in Oxford.</td>
      <td>1217</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Magdalen Hall in Oxford.</td>
      <td>1223</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Mary Hall in Oxford.</td>
      <td>1223</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Michaell houſe in Cambridge.</td>
      <td>1220</td>
      <td></td>
      <td></td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

N.

Noble men that came with William
Conquerour.

Names of Chantries taken.

153
1006

OCT auins Auguſtus a Romane.
Order of the Garter founded at
Windſore.
415
Oration made by the D. of Buckingham.
811. the ſame Duke of Buckingham
beheaded.
845
Otto of Bromſwike chalengeſt combate
with Iohn Duke of Lancaſter.
426
Owen Glendouerdew.
551. 557. his ſonne
taken.
563
Owen Tewther brake out of Newgate.
640.beheaded.
709
qq. iij.
Oxford.

THE TABLE.

Prouinciall counſell at Oxford. 255
Proclamation againſt the family of loue. 1213

Prince of Wales the kings eldeſt ſon. 311

Priuledge to Clothworkers. 373

Priorie and hofpitall of Saint Bartholomew in Smithfield founded. 178

Printing firſt. 687

Preached at Paules Croſſe Doctor Goddard. 724

Prifoners of the Marſhalſea brake out. 377
page

Priefts ſaying Maſſe apprehended. 1177

Priories ſuppreſſed by Cardinall Wolley. 939

Prince Arthur married. 874. deceaſſed. ibidem.

Prifoner brake fro the ſeſſiós houſe. 959

Prince of Piamont came into England. page. 1095

Prince of Orange conducted to the Tower of London. 1095

Publicans whipped. 203

Publicans with their bloudy procession. 409

Plimmouth ſpoyleſ. 556

Q.

Quantbridge or Catwarbridge in Eſſex. 126

Quaffing and drunkennes puniſhed. 133

Queenecheth in London. 270

Queenes Attourney ſlayne. 685

Queeneborough Caſſell builded. 461

Queene tooke Sanctuary. 724.767

Queene of England chaſed. 279

Queenes Colledge in Cambridge. 1217

Queenes Colledge in Oxford. 1221

R.

Amſey founded. 133
Rampire builded at Caſeis. 401

Ralph Stafford ſlayne. 498

Redargius King. 31

Rebellions in Kent and Eſſex. 480

Recorder of London Fitz Williams. 817

Register booke in euery Church to bee kept. 113

Religious houſes graunted to the king. page. 1015

Rimo King. 30

Richborough. 36

Riot and euill life the deſtruction of the Britaines. 79

Ripendun or Ripon. 122

Richarde the firſt King. 216. tooke hys voyage to Hieruſalem. 220. taken priſoner. 222. builded the walles of Vienna. 223

Riot in London. 292

Riſebanke Caſſell builded. 403

Rye ſpoyleſ. 471

Richard Scrope Archbifhop of Yorke rebelleth. 563 beheaded. 564

Richard the ſeſeſd made prince of Wales. 468. crowned King. 470. married. 489. 518. entreth Scotland. 497. 498. arriueth in Ireland. 517. 530. returneth againe. 533. betrayed and taken. 537. brought to the Tower. 539. murthe-red. 546. buryed. 584

Richard Wich brent. 642

Richard D. of Yorke wrote to Héry the ſixth. 666. ſworne to H. the 6. 672. attainted. 691. his articles. 693. ſlain. 707

Richarde Plantagenet made Duke of Gloceſter. 713

Richard Duke of Gloceſter deſcribed. 755. made Protector. 770. his oration. 771. his proclamation. 796. taketh on him to be King. 822. crowned. 825. ſlayne at Boſworth field. 857. buryed at Leyeſter. 858

Riuallo King. 23

Ripendune a Towne. 105

Richmond builded. 874

Rodianus King. 31
Rochefter Caſſell builded. 34. beſeeſed.

124. brent. 185. 188. 212. beſeeſed. 246
283. bridge of ſtone builded. 569

Rome builded. 23. ſpoiled by the Gothes. 76. facs.

111.

76. facs.

["THE TABLE.", "<table><tbody><tr><td>76. lacked.</td><td>938</td><td>don.</td><td>643</td></tr><tr><td>Round table.</td><td>81</td><td>Sandwich spoyled.</td><td>682</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Duke of Normandy wente to Hierusalem. 173. had tribute of King Henry.</td><td>177</td><td>Sermons at Saint Mary Spittle, the Maior of London with his brethren placed there.</td><td>746</td></tr><tr><td>Rosamond concubine to Henry the fœcond.</td><td>212</td><td>Serieants feast. 716. 869. 876. 895. 1054.</td><td>1192.</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Fitz Stephen entred Irelande. 206 ransomed. 224. wou'd to death.</td><td>229</td><td>Sanctuary abufed. 776. Sanctuary men executed.</td><td>867</td></tr><tr><td>Robert hoo'de.</td><td>217</td><td>Sanders murthered.</td><td>1167</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Fitz Water valiant.</td><td>242</td><td>Scotland described.</td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Roger Bacon.</td><td>263</td><td>Schoole of Englishmen at Rome.</td><td>119</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Groſted.</td><td>270. 275</td><td>Scholers of Oxford did penance. 266. a-gainſte the burgeſſes.</td><td>281. wente to Stamford.</td><td>369</td></tr><tr><td>Rotte of Sheepe.</td><td>297</td><td>Scholers of Cambridge agaynſte the towneſinen.</td><td>272</td></tr><tr><td>Round table at Killingworth.</td><td>298</td><td>Scottes did homage. 170. 177. 231. 367. deliuer Scotland to King Edward the firſt. 305. bi ent the ſuburbs of Yorke.</td><td>340. reſigned the crowne of Scotland to King Edward the thirde. 365. enter Northumberland. 492. 499. 508. 551.</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Fitz Water Baner bearer of London.</td><td>311</td><td>ouerthrowne. 1026. their King murthered.</td><td>1131</td></tr><tr><td>Roades wonne by the Chriſtians.</td><td>332</td><td>Scarecitie of bread.</td><td>952</td></tr><tr><td>Round table at Windefore.</td><td>389</td><td>Seuerne a Riuer.</td><td>19</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Knolles.</td><td>425. 456. 464</td><td>Seuerus Emperor. 58. died in Britaine.</td><td>602</td></tr><tr><td>Robert Vere created Duke of Ireland. 501. ſlieth. 504. buryed.</td><td>518</td><td>Seuerus Alexander.</td><td>64</td></tr><tr><td>Sir Robert Knolles dyeth.</td><td>568</td><td>Selbey a Biſhops fee.</td><td>95</td></tr><tr><td>Roane beſeege'd.</td><td>600</td><td>Sebba of a King became a Monke in Paules Church, and was there buried.</td><td>page.</td></tr><tr><td>Roger Bolingbroke abiured at Paules Croſſe. 644. endited of treaſon.</td><td>645.</td><td>Serpent with two heads.</td><td>100</td></tr><tr><td>executed.</td><td>646</td><td>Seuenoke Maior of Lôdô a fondling.</td><td>602</td></tr><tr><td>Roſe of gold.</td><td>650</td><td>Sebástion Gabbato hys voyage.</td><td>872.</td></tr><tr><td>Robin of Ridſdale.</td><td>722</td><td>brought men from the new lláds.</td><td>875</td></tr><tr><td>Roger Shuueloke ſlew himſelfe.</td><td>865</td><td>Shaftesburie builded.</td><td>21. Monaſterie founded.</td><td>127</td></tr><tr><td>Roode of Grace ſhewed at Paules.</td><td>1012</td><td>Shrewsbury repaired.</td><td>130</td></tr><tr><td>Royalexchange whé ſo firſt named.</td><td>1150</td><td>Shepheards asſembled.</td><td>274</td></tr><tr><td>John Rogers brent.</td><td>1096</td><td>Sheepe tranſpofed.</td><td>717</td></tr><tr><td>Rudhudibras King.</td><td>21</td><td>Shores wife hir deſcription.</td><td>798</td></tr><tr><td>Runcorne towne and Caſtel builded.</td><td>130</td><td>Shaw Maior of London, and his brother a Doctor.</td><td>808.</td></tr></tbody></table>", "S.", "<table><tbody><tr><td>Samulus King.</td><td>31</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Saxons ſent for by the Britons.</td><td>80. deſcribed.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Salisburie the olde builded.</td><td>34. 114. the new Towne &amp; Church.</td><td>262. brét.</td></tr><tr><td>Sanctuary mæ fet out of Saint Martins, Sanctuary men frayed with the Londoners.</td><td>674. by the Sheriffes of London.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td><td

THE TABLE.

Shine brent. 871. builded. 874. brent. 878.
  Gallery fell. 879
Sheriffes of London sente to the Tower.
  Eiluins King. 31
  Seege of Hadington. 1038
  Small houfes suppreffed. 1006
  South Saxons. 84.93
  Sonnes appeared ſiue in number. 263
  Southampton. 36. facked and brente by the french. 376
Stamford builded. 22. an Vniuerſitie. 22. beſeeged. 198
Somerset an Herald killed. 1026
Stafford repaired. 130
Stephen King. 187. taken. 191. deliuered. 194
  193. fled.
Standard in Cheape. 635
Stephen Langton. 236
Stortford Caſtell ouerthrowne. 239
Story executed. 1151
Strangers drowned. 247. robbed. 271. lodged within Englifhe hoſtes. 624. and. 642
Strange Starre appeared. 1163. blafing Starre. 1213
Statutes of Marton. 266
States crea. 1012. 1015. 1036. 1045. 1050
Streetes of London cheyned. 279
Steeplee of Bow in Cheape fell downe. page. 294
Stockes market in London. 300
Stoneheng. 84
Steeple at Waltham brent. 647
Steeplee of Paules in Lôdon, of Baldoke in Hartfordſhire, & of Walden in Efſex, & Kingſto in Surrey on fire. 648
Strumpets ſet on the Pillorie. 641. banifhed. 738
Stoke field. 863
Stewes in Southwarke putte downe. page. 1033
Sueronius a Romane. 39
Sudbury in Suffolke. 125
Swanef coupe or Swanescombe in Kent.

page. 150
Survey of all England. 388
Subſidie. 465. 624. 631
Sweating fickneſſe. 860. 923. 1049
Saint Germans in Cornewall a Bifhops fee. 131. 132
Saint Nicholas at Exceſter founded. page. 166
Saint Martins le graund founded. 166
Saint Iohns in Colcheſter founded. page. 179
Saint Andrew in Northampton founded. 179
Saint Iohns in Smithfield. 177
Saint Stephens Chappell at Westminſter. 428
Saint Nicholas Mount kepte by the Earle of Oxford. 738
Souldyers tranſported into Irelande. page. 1131
Sprite in a wall. 1092
Sainte Iohns Colledge in Oxford. page. 1223
Spanyard hanged. 1093
Snow deepe. 1194
Stranger woulde haue murthered the keeper of Newgate. 1103
Saint Mary Hall in Oxford. 1223
Shippe chafed to the Tower Whaſſe of London. page. 1193
Sherewood executed. 1193
Suite to the Court of Rome forbidden. 969

T.

T *Acitus*. 64
Tamworth repayred. 130
Taxe great. 165. 478. 480. 557
Taxe of the tenth penny graunted to the King. 864
Tanners ſonne claymed the Crowne. page. 336
Tenthes gyuen too the Churche. page. 119
*qqq*.ij. Templers

["THE TABLE.", "Templers Knightes. 183\ng. 214\nTemple new in London.\nTemplers apprehended. 326. cödemnct.\n330.brent. 331\ng. 1122\nTearme kept at Harford.\nThamis a Riuer defcribed. 3. dryed. 181.\n202.frozen. 1126\nTheomartius King. 34\nTheodotius Emperour. 76\nThe vkesbury founded. 102\nThilwall built. 130\nThetford a Bisfops fee. 166\nThom is Becket Chancellor. 201.tooke his\noth to the King,and was made Chan-\ncellor. 203 fled.204.murthered. 207\nTheeues in prifon deuoured one the o-\nther. 336\nTheeues like vnto friers. 338\nThomas Earle of Lancafter beheaded.343\nThomas of Woodstoke created Earle of\nBuckingham. 471\nThomas the baſtard. 729. beheaded.736.\nThomas W olſey Bachel er of Art at fiftene\nyeares of age. 904. Scholemaiter to\nthe Marques Dorſets children. ibid. gat\na benefice. ibid. ſet in the ſtockes by\nSir Iames Paulet. 905. reuenged his\nimprifonmente. ibid. Chaplen to Sir\nJohn Naphant. ibid. Chaplen to King\nHenrie the vij. ibid. Ambaſladoure\nto the Emperour. 906. Deane of Lin-\ncolne. 908. Kings Almoner. ibid. of\nthe priuie Counſel to King Henry the\netgth. ibid. Byſhoppe of Turney. 901.\nBishop of Lincolne. ibid. Archbiſhop\nof Yorke. ibid. Cardinall. 911. Lorde\nChauncellour. 912. Bishoſp of Win-\ncheſter. ibid. Ambaſladoure the ſecod\ntime. 916. rideth to meete the Em-\nperor. 390. ſuppreſſed priorys to build\nhis Colledges in Oxford and in Ipf-\nwich. 939. ſente Ambaſladoure the\nthird time. 929. his pompous riding.\n943. declareth in the Starre Chamber\nwhat honorable peace he had conclu-", "ded. 932. discharged of the great Seale\n966.arreſted. 972. ſickneth. 974. de-\nceaſeth at Leicester. 978", "S.Thomas Moore made Chancellor.967\ndischarged of the Chancellership.980\nbeheaded. 1004", "R.Thorne his charitie in London.979. in\nthe towne of Briftoll. ibid.", "Thomas Mowbrey created Earle of No-\ntingham. 471", "Thomas Mawbrey created Duke of Nor-\nſfolke. 527. banifhed. 529. dyeth. 544.", "Threfold plague to the citizens of L.1121.\nTilbery in Eſſex. 99.", "Title of Edw. the thirde to Fraunce. 358", "Tower of London built. 27.34. fortified\n267. bulwarkes ſel down. 268. yeelde\nto the Maior of London. 725", "Toceter repayred. 129", "Toades deour a man. 213", "Tower on London Bridge.630.fell.640", "Tourney within the tower of Lödö. 874.", "Trebonianus. 64.", "Trent a Riuer.122. dried vp. 180", "Triumph at London for the victory a-\ngainſt the Scottes. 309", "Traytor to his maifter miferably ended.\npage. 845", "Tree of common wealth a booke, by\nwhome compyled. 895", "Trayterous fact of Tho. Apeltree. 1196", "Tweede a Riuer. 4.5", "Teukesbury builded. 165", "Tunne in Cornehill. 300.309", "Turnebull challeſeth the combat. 365.\nand is ouercome. 266", "Turneamét at Dertſord, and in Cheape\nof London. 363", "Turwin yeelde to King Henry the viij.\n899.raced and burnt. 900", "Turney beſeeged by K. H. the viij. 900", "Thomas Grefſham Knight deceaſed.\npage. 1209", "Trinitie Hall in Cambridge. 1217. Col-\nledge. 1220", "Vigenée.", "Vigenée and Per-\nVrianus king.", "Vespasian a Roma-\nValerius.", "Valerian a Rom-\nValentinian Emp-\nValentinian the Virgi-\n", "Valentinian. 1. 1. 1.\nValentinian. 2. 2. 2.\nValentinian. 3. 3. 3.", "Valentinian. 4. 4. 4.\nValentinian. 5. 5. 5.\nValentinian. 6. 6. 6.", "Valentinian. 7. 7. 7.\nValentinian. 8. 8. 8.\nValentinian. 9. 9. 9.", "Valentinian. 10. 10. 10.\nValentinian. 11. 11. 11.", "Valentinian. 12. 12. 12.", "Valentinian. 13. 13. 13.", "Valentinian. 14. 14. 14.", "Wales diſ-\nWays for\nWarwicke be-\nWarwike to\nCattle ne-\nCattle ne\nWalebrook\nWall of\nstone.\nWallows abo\nWallows abo\nWallows ab

THE TABLE.

V.

<table><tr><td>Wigenius and Peridurus kings.</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>Vrianus king.</td><td>30</td></tr><tr><td>Vestpatian a Romaine.</td><td>37.45</td></tr><tr><td>Vestius Volanus a Romaine.</td><td>44</td></tr><tr><td>Valerius.</td><td>65</td></tr><tr><td>Verolamium a Citie.</td><td>65</td></tr><tr><td>Valerius Maximus.</td><td>66</td></tr><tr><td>Valentinian Emperour.</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><td>Vescula the Virgine.</td><td>72</td></tr><tr><td>Vortiger king.</td><td>77</td></tr><tr><td>Vether Pondragon king.</td><td>84</td></tr><tr><td>Vortiporus king.</td><td>87</td></tr><tr><td>Vffia first king of Eaftangles.</td><td>96</td></tr><tr><td>Vulfrune Hampton in Staffordshire.</td><td>128</td></tr><tr><td>Vale royall founded.</td><td>301</td></tr><tr><td>Victuals prifed.</td><td>335</td></tr><tr><td>Vicar of Wandsworth and others execu-<br/>ted.</td><td>1016</td></tr><tr><td>Voyage to Muscouie.</td><td>1056</td></tr></table>

W.

<table><tr><td>Wales described.</td><td>26</td></tr><tr><td>Wayes foure begon 24. finished.</td><td>27</td></tr><tr><td>Warwicke builded. 28. repaid.</td><td>130</td></tr><tr><td>Warwike towne, Caftle, Colledge.</td><td>183</td></tr><tr><td>Caftle new builded.</td><td>206</td></tr><tr><td>Walebrooke.</td><td>67</td></tr><tr><td>Walles about Colchefter builded.</td><td>69</td></tr><tr><td>Walles aboute London builded. 69. re-<br/>payred. 246. 276. 746.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wall of Adrine. 54. of turfe. 59, 75. of<br/>stone.</td><td>76</td></tr><tr><td>Walles of Vienna built by King Richard<br/>the first.</td><td>223</td></tr><tr><td>Wales inuaded by William Rufus.</td><td>173.</td></tr><tr><td>Waltham in Effex.</td><td>147</td></tr><tr><td>Watrisburie repaid.</td><td>130</td></tr><tr><td>Warham Caftle.</td><td>122</td></tr><tr><td>Warwel builded.</td><td>134</td></tr><tr><td>Ware in Har tfordshire builded by the<br/>Danes.</td><td>126</td></tr><tr><td>Water Dome.</td><td>210</td></tr><tr><td>Warren and Toll free to the Citizens<br/>of London.</td><td>250</td></tr></table>

<table><tr><td>Walter Stapleton Bishop of Excester be-<br/>headed.</td><td>349</td></tr><tr><td>Wardes in London difcharged of fif-<br/>teens.</td><td>630.722</td></tr><tr><td>Water fludde.</td><td>166.306.370</td></tr><tr><td>Watche at Midfomer againe vsed. 1033.<br/>on Saint Peters euen.</td><td>1122</td></tr><tr><td>Warwike Earle wente againft the Re-<br/>bels at Norwich.</td><td>1042</td></tr><tr><td>Warre with Fraunce.</td><td>1104</td></tr><tr><td>Westminfter founded. 98. reedified. 254<br/>enlarged. 270. Churche and Pallace<br/>brent.</td><td>309</td></tr><tr><td>Worcefter a Bifhops Sea.</td><td>102</td></tr><tr><td>Westminfter Hall builded. 174. repay-<br/>red. 527. overflowed with water.</td><td>119</td></tr><tr><td>Westminfter and Briftol made Bifhop-<br/>prickes.</td><td>1024</td></tr><tr><td>West Saxons.</td><td>113</td></tr><tr><td>West Cheape in London brent.</td><td>285</td></tr><tr><td>Welchmen rebel.</td><td>547</td></tr><tr><td>Wels a Colledge founded. 116. Cathe-<br/>dral Church builded.</td><td>117</td></tr><tr><td>Whittington a place so called.</td><td>121</td></tr><tr><td>Winburne.</td><td>121</td></tr><tr><td>Wheatc at twelue pence a quarter.</td><td>302</td></tr><tr><td>Wheatc forbidden to be made in malte.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>page.</td><td>337</td></tr><tr><td>Whitmeats allowed to be eatc in Lent.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>page.</td><td>1026</td></tr><tr><td>Whot Sommer, corne cheape.</td><td>303</td></tr><tr><td>Winchefter builded.</td><td>21</td></tr><tr><td>Wilfride Bishop.</td><td>94</td></tr><tr><td>Winchelcombe founded.</td><td>106</td></tr><tr><td>Wibandune.</td><td>114</td></tr><tr><td>Winchefter a Bifhops Sea. 119. Colledge<br/>builded.</td><td>561</td></tr><tr><td>Wigmore repaid.</td><td>129</td></tr><tr><td>Wilton in Wiltshire.</td><td>122</td></tr><tr><td>Wily a riuer.</td><td>122</td></tr><tr><td>Witham in Effex.</td><td>129</td></tr><tr><td>Winchefter brent.</td><td>177.192</td></tr><tr><td>William Rufus king. 168. flaine.</td><td>174.</td></tr><tr><td>Winchelſey drowned.</td><td>273</td></tr><tr><td>William Bishop of London.</td><td>159</td></tr><tr><td>qqq.iiij.</td><td>Wighta.</td></tr></table>

THE TABLE.

<table><tbody><tr><td>Wight taken. 471. inaded.</td><td>557</td><td>Woodneffelde in Staffordshire.</td><td>718</td></tr><tr><td>William with the beard.</td><td>226</td><td>Wolues destroyed in England.</td><td>133</td></tr><tr><td>William Searle executed.</td><td>558</td><td>Wolfe and his wife hanged.</td><td>1002</td></tr><tr><td>Waters ouerflowe.</td><td>560</td><td>Wooll staple at Sandwich.</td><td>305</td></tr><tr><td>Wines prifed.</td><td>231.501</td><td>Wooll forbidden to be conueyed ouer the Seas.</td><td>373</td></tr><tr><td>William Wikham Bishop of Winchester.</td><td>561</td><td>Wooll staple in England.</td><td>428.463</td></tr><tr><td>page.</td><td>469</td><td>Wooll staple at Calaice.</td><td>459</td></tr><tr><td>Wicliffe.</td><td></td><td>Woman brente at Maydftone for poyfoning hir husband.</td><td>1154</td></tr><tr><td>William Fitz. Wil. being elected Sherife of London and абſenting himself diffranchifed.</td><td>895</td><td>Wonders in Wiltshire.</td><td>1211</td></tr><tr><td>William Stafford made Earle of Deuonsliere.</td><td>713</td><td>Wrestling at London.</td><td>256</td></tr><tr><td>Wil. Herbert made Erle of Pèbroke.</td><td>713</td><td>Y.</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Wiats commotion in Kent. 1078. came into Southwarke. 1081. remoued out of Southwark. 1082. taken. 1086. ſent to the Tower. 1087. beheaded.</td><td>1071</td><td>YOrke builded. 20. Minſter founded. page.</td><td>109</td></tr><tr><td>W.Wales of Scotland brought to London, and executed to death.</td><td>316</td><td>Yorke taken by the Danes and Nor-mans. 125. brent.</td><td>161</td></tr><tr><td>Windes great.</td><td>641</td><td>Yorke ſore perſhed by fire. 188. brent. page.</td><td>212</td></tr><tr><td>Wich of Ey brent.</td><td>645</td><td>Yorke Minſter brent.</td><td>715</td></tr><tr><td>Wlfrunhampton.</td><td>890</td><td>Yonger brother beguileth the elder.</td><td>178</td></tr><tr><td>Worceſter reſtored. 133. brent.</td><td>181</td><td>Yonger brother imprifoneth the elder and puttreth out his eyes.</td><td>179</td></tr><tr><td>Worceſter defaced by fire. 185. 190. beſieged. 196. &c.</td><td>282</td><td>Yonger brother falfely accuſeth his elder brother.</td><td>227</td></tr></tbody></table>

FINIS.