HENRY A. KISSINGER

Henry Alfred Kissinger was sworn in on September 22, 1973, as the 56th Secretary of State, a position he held until January 20, 1977. He also served as Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs from 1969 to November 1975.

Dr. Kissinger was born in Fuerth, Germany, on May 27, 1923, came to the United States in 1938, and was naturalized a United States citizen on June 19, 1943. He received the BA degree Summa cum laude at Harvard College in 1950 and the MA and PhD degrees at Harvard University in 1952 and 1954 respectively.

From 1943 to 1946 Dr. Kissinger served in the US Army Counter-Intelligence Corps and from 1946 to 1949 was a Captain in the Military Intelligence Reserve.

From 1954 until 1971 he was a member of the faculty of Harvard University, both in the Department of Government and at the Center for International Affairs. He was Associate Director of the Center from 1957 to 1960 and Director of the Harvard International Seminar from 1951 to 1971.

Dr. Kissinger served as a consultant to the Department of State (1965-1968), United States Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (1961-68), RAND Corporation (1961-68), National Security Council (1961-62), Weapons Systems Evaluation Group of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (1959-60), Operations Coordinating Board (1955), Director of the Psychological Strategy Board (1952), and Operations Research Office (1951).

Dr. Kissinger has written six books and more than forty articles on United States foreign policy, international affairs, and diplomatic history. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1973, and his other awards have included among others, the Guggenheim Fellowship (1965-66), the Woodrow Wilson prize for the best book in the fields of government, politics and international affairs (1958), the American Institute for Public Service Award (1973), the HOPE Award for International Understanding (1973) and the Great Decisions Award of the Foreign Policy Association (1977).

Dr. Kissinger married the former Nancy Maginnes on March 30, 1974. He is the father of two children, Elizabeth and David, by a previous marriage.

THE FRANK C. NASH MEMORIAL LECTURE

An Address by The Honorable Henry A. Kissinger
Visiting Professor of Diplomacy at the School of Foreign Service
and
Counsellor to the Center for Strategic and International Studies
Georgetown University

FRANK C. NASH—1910-1957

PROGRAM

Welcome
Dr. Peter F. Krogh
Dean, School of Foreign Service

Introduction of the Nash Lecturer
Timothy Healy, S.J.
President, Georgetown University

The Frank C. Nash Lecture
The Honorable Henry A. Kissinger

Benediction
Frank Winters, S.J.
Director, Institute for the Study of
Ethics and International Affairs

Reception

Gaston Hall
April 5, 1977

GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY

EDUCATION

College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, Mass., A.B. 1931

Georgetown University Law School, LL.B., 1934 and J.D. 1935

PUBLIC SERVICE

Active duty in the Navy, 1941-1946.

Legal Aide to the Secretary of the Navy, James Forrestal.

United States Representative to the United Nations for the Commission on
Conventional Armaments.

Deputy United States Representative on the UN Committee for coordination of
the work of AEC and the Commission on Conventional Armaments.

Representative of the Secretary of Defense on the Senior Staff of the National
Security Council.

Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs.

Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs).

Member of the US Delegation to the Eleventh General Assembly of the United
Nations.

Special Consultant to the President of the United States.

Lecturer at the National War College.

Lecturer at the Naval War College.

LEGAL CAREER

Professor of Law, The Georgetown University Law School

Partner, Nash, Ahern and Abell, Washington, D.C.

Chairman, American Bar Association's Committee on Legal Services in the
Defense Department

Chairman, The National Security Committee of the Association of the United
States Army

Vice President, The American Council on NATO Inc.

HONORS

Legion of Merit

Distinguished Civilian Service Award

Medal of Freedom

Honorary degrees (LL.D.) from Georgetown University, St. Joseph's College,
Philadelphia, and the University of Scranton.

THE FRANK C. NASH MEMORIAL LECTURES

OBJECTIVE

The objective of the Frank C. Nash Memorial Lecture Series is twofold:

First, to perpetuate the memory of a distinguished public servant, a scholarly
teacher of the law and a representative of his government in international affairs.

Second, to make a contribution to greater understanding of our mutual
security arrangements, the attitudes of leaders in those countries with which the
United States is allied, and the importance of international arrangements to
our security.

SPONSORS

The sponsors are three institutions with which the late Frank C. Nash was
closely associated.

The Naval War College

The National Defense University

Georgetown University

LECTURER

The lecturer is chosen by the sponsoring committee from among those who
are pre-eminent in the field of international relations. The selection is made
from among American and European statesmen, military leaders and attorneys
whose concern is mutual security arrangements, our foreign policies or their
legal aspects.

THE FRANK C. NASH MEMORIAL FUND

Friends of Frank Nash have initiated the collection of a Fund adequate to
support a perpetual memorial lectureship. Georgetown University has been
chosen as trustee of the Fund, to administer it in coordination with the Com-
mittee representing the sponsors. Contributions to the Fund, which are tax
exempt, can be made to "Georgetown University, Trustee, Frank C. Nash
Memorial Fund," Washington, D.C. 20057.

PD FORM NO. 3

Office Memorandum • GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY

TO: Participants in the Nash Lecture
Tuesday, April 5, 1977

FROM: Peter F. Krogh
Dean, School of Foreign Service

SUBJECT: Arrangements and Procedure

DATE: March 30, 1977

The Frank C. Nash Lecture is set for 5:30 Tuesday, April 5, in Gaston Hall at Georgetown University. Dr. Henry Kissinger will be the lecturer and honored guest. The following are participants to be seated on the stage: Reverend Timothy Healy, President of Georgetown University; Reverend Aloysius Kelley, Vice President for Academic Affairs and Provost, Georgetown University; General Robert Gard, President of the National Defense University; Admiral H. Hardisty, Deputy Commandant of the Naval War College; and Reverend Frank Winters, Director of the Institute for the Study of Ethics and International Affairs. All of the participants should gather in Father Healy's office, on the second floor of the Healy Building at 5:15 on Tuesday afternoon. The fifteen minutes between 5:15 and 5:30 can be used for introductions, relaxation and a review of the lecture arrangements.

The lecture program itself will be as follows:

(1) Dean Peter Krogh - Brief welcome

(2) Father Healy - Introduction of the Co-hosts (General Gard and Admiral Hardisty) and presentation of the Nash Lecturer, Dr. Henry Kissinger

(3) Dr. Henry Kissinger - The Frank C. Nash Lecture

(4) Father Winters - Benediction

(5) Dean Krogh - Invitation to guests to attend reception (in the Quadrangle or, in case of rain, the corridors of the Healy Building).

After the lecture the participants should return to Father Healy's office for a brief reception for honored guests. Then we will proceed to the Quadrangle for a reception with students and faculty.

With respect to the details of arrangements we are: (a) preparing a program; (b) confirming the guest list (we expect an attendance of 700); and (c) arranging for the audio and video taping of the lecture.

If you have questions concerning the lecture arrangements, please do not hesitate to call me (625-4218). I look forward to seeing you at 5:15 on April 5.

PFK/f

cc: Jock Covey
Charles Meng

New York Times
Apr. 6, 1977

Kissinger Urges
U.S. and Soviet
Avoid 'Rhetoric'

Says Strong Statement
on Zaire Is Needed

Special to The New York Times

WASHINGTON, April 5—Henry A. Kissinger, in his first public speech since leaving office, called on the Carter Administration today to avoid "rhetorical battles" with the Russians over strategic arms negotiations and to speak out forcefully about the invasion of Zaire, which he said could not continue without Soviet backing.

The former Secretary of State, giving Georgetown University's Frank C. Nash Memorial Lecture on International Security Affairs, took the position that "the new administration needs the support of all of us, for it is essential that they succeed." But implicit in his remarks were criticisms of some aspects of the new Administration's policies dealing with the Russians and human rights.

Frank Nash was Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs in the Eisenhower Administration, and his friend endowed an annual series of lectures. Mr. Kissinger, who has been affiliated with Georgetown University on a six-month arrangement ending in the fall, spoke to an audience mainly of students and faculty.

In the prepared text of his speech, Mr. Kissinger said that Mr. Carter, in his quest for a new strategic arms treaty with the Soviet Union "deserves the support of every American."

But there seemed to be a suggestion of unhappiness with Mr. Carter's "comprehensive" plan to make significant reductions in the 2,400 total of bombers

Avoid 'Rhetoic,' Kissinger Cautions

Continued From Page A1

and missiles negotiated for each side at Vladivostok by Mr. Kissinger and former President Gerald R. Ford with Leonid I. Brezhnev.

The Soviet leader rejected the idea last week, setting off recriminations on both sides.

"Whether reductions should be sought in one major step or several; whether the result of negotiations conducted over a period of years by the top leaders of both countries should be set aside or built upon, are matters of tactical judgment," Mr. Kissinger said.

He said that what is important is the "ultimate necessity" of significant reduction.

"We must not be unsettled by temporary disappointments," he said. "We have had these before. The problem is as difficult as the technology which spawned it, and its solution is bound to be complicated and therefore time-consuming."

"Negotiations must proceed in a calm, nonfrontational way without self-imposed deadlines or rhetorical battles that publicly stake the prestige of both sides," he said, alluding to Mr. Carter's news conferences and similar public statements by the Soviet side.

"The limitation of arms is not a favor one side does for the other," Mr. Kissinger said. "It is a fundamental necessity.

A reasonable, balanced agreement taking into account the security concerns of both sides is achievable. The Administration should have wide nonpartisan backing in bringing it to a successful conclusion."

On overall relations with the Russians, Mr. Kissinger returned to one of his favorite themes—that the Soviet Union must not be permitted under the blanket of detente to seek "geopolitical gains" in far-off corners of the world. It was this view of his that led to American covert involvement in Angola in 1975 to oppose Soviet and Cuban intervention.

And Mr. Kissinger seemed to repeat this concern in discussing the current situation in Zaire where Katangans have crossed the border from Angola into former Katanga province.

The Carter Administration today joined with President Anwar el-Sadat of Egypt in expressing "deep concern" over outside involvement in Africa, but up to now has refused to blame publicly either Cuba or the Soviet Union for the incursion into Zaire.

"Whatever the details of the current invasion of Zaire," Mr. Kissinger said, "it is clear that the attack took place across a sovereign border from a country in which the government was installed by Soviet arms and the military personnel of a Soviet client state."

"It could not have taken place—and it could not continue—without the material support or acquiescence of the Soviet Union—whether or not Cuban troops are present," he said. In the advance text, the words, "whether or not" were underlined.

"Such irresponsible acts set a dangerous precedent," Mr. Kissinger said. "If all African problems are to be settled hereafter by radical means with weapons brought in from outside, a catastrophic race war in Southern Africa will become more and more likely with profound implications for us both at home and around the world."

He said if attacks across borders "are supinely accepted by the international community, sooner or later events will get out of control."

On human rights, he repeated his view that the challenge is "to steer a course between rhetorical prescription and a calious acceptance of inhumanity."

"Human rights is clearly a legitimate subject of international discourse, and an object of international legal standards," he said. "But our effort must be related to the full mosaic of our policy goals—to give it a place and meaning in terms of everything else we do in foreign affairs."

Quotation of the Day

"The limitation of arms is not a favor one side does for the other. It is a fundamental necessity."—Former Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger, in a speech at Georgetown University, urging the Carter Administration to avoid rhetorical battles over strategic arms talks with the Russians [A3:2.]

# Kissinger Backs Carter Arms Stand

By Lawrence Feinberg

Washington Post Staff Writer

Former Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger yesterday strongly supported President Carter's efforts to achieve a strategic arms limitation agreement with the Soviet Union. He urged the public not to be "unsettled by temporary disappointments," such as the recent impasse in arms negotiations in Moscow.

Speaking at Georgetown University, where he is a visiting professor this spring, Kissinger declared that the issue of nuclear weapons conflicts between the United States and Russia can be on "the level of life and death."

"No single agreement can ever totally remove the danger," Kissinger said. "No setback can be permitted to stand in the way of trying again."

Kissinger added that "negotiations must proceed in a calm, nonconfrontational way without self-imposed deadlines or rhetorical battles that publicly stake the prestige of both sides."

While he called for continued efforts to achieve disarmament, Kissinger urged that the United States must "match" Soviet military power in order to maintain peace and preserve free societies. He also accused the Soviets of irresponsible action in permitting the invasion of Zaire by troops based in Angola, a country whose government, Kissinger said, "was installed by Soviet arms and the military personnel of a Soviet client state (Cuba)."

Kissinger said that the current invasion of the copper-belt region of southern Zaire "could not have taken place—and it could not continue—without the material support or acquiescence of the Soviet Union."

"Such irresponsible acts set a dangerous precedent," Kissinger continued. "If all African problems are to be settled hereafter by radical means with weapons brought in from the outside, a catastrophic race war in southern Africa will become more and more likely with profound implications for us both at home and around the world."

"If attacks across sovereign borders are supinely accepted by the international community, sooner or later events will get out of control."

An audience of about 850, including foreign ambassadors and veteran U.S. diplomats, as well as students, filled Georgetown's Gaston Hall to hear Kissinger's speech, which was his first public address since leaving office in January. They listened to him intently for more than an hour and then applauded for several minutes after he had finished.

The address was sponsored not only by Georgetown but also by the National Defense University and the Naval War College, as the Frank C. Nash Memorial Lecture. Nash was a former Assistant Secretary of Defense for international security affairs, who died in 1957. Kissinger said that Nash understood well that "military strength is indispensable . . . and the prerequisite for a world that fulfills our ideals of freedom and human dignity."

At one point, Kissinger said: "Though we cannot surpass the Soviet Union in all categories of military power, the free nations cannot fall behind in every significant category without suffering profound political consequences. Diplomacy, no matter how imaginative, cannot operate from impotence. Matching Soviet power in realistic ways that remove the incentive for oppression is the precondition of all effective policy."

Although Kissinger said that "human rights is clearly a legitimate subject of international discourse," he warned that American efforts to achieve them "must be related to the full mosaic of our policy goals."

In all his direct references to Carter, Kissinger praised the President and said that American foreign policy should have bipartisan support. However, without naming the President, he declared that an emphasis on moralism in foreign policy, which Carter often expresses, has led to the "most serious errors of American foreign policy in this century."