C.G. Davis.

Indian Service that look very bad, and were very bad I know, but they were few, in my judgment not as numerous as they will be under Civil Service, if Civil Service has the fullest sway.

There is not a Civil Service appointee here save one who does not have a member of Congress or some influential official there to whom they are looking for protection. The idea is exactly the same as though they were selected and appointed by those persons, and, as you will see by the exponents of Civil Service who pretend to answer me, "Civil Service is not intended to protect anybody." Civil Service does not respect superintendents of schools in any way, it rather tramples upon them, and it cannot be otherwise by any arrangement that I can think of. I have from many quarters just the same baneful effects of transfers and appointments that you speak of. A superintendent of a remote school way down in Arizona, writes me that the cook at that school has been shifted three times since school opened, and that the baker cannot bake bread fit to eat. Yet the superintendent is helpless without an appeal to Washington and a long delay. In the meantime physical evils, dyspepsia, etc., are engendered.

Civil Service is not in any way calculated to secure the most deserving and competent employees, for I have found in every case where I have urged people that I have felt sure were entirely competent and would be most satisfactory to me here, to take Civil Service examinations in the hope of getting appointed and finally getting around to Carlisle in some way, that they declined to subject themselves to the delay and competition. Merit is modest, and the unmeritorious blatant and pushing. The delays are inexcusable. I asked for a vocal teacher early in July last. Civil Ser-

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 32

52

C.G. Davis.

-3-

vice held examinations twice, and finally provided me with a teacher just at the end of December, advising me that she was the only one that had passed the examination. I found a competent person and urged her to take the examination, and she did take both examinations, yet somehow she failed to pass, though a greatly cultured and most lady like person, and a very remarkable musician. I have had to protect myself by appointing incompetent Indians just as you. I have asked the privilege of going to Washington at my own expense and looking over the examination papers of those suggested together with the Superintendent of Schools, and to be allowed to examine those people without their knowledge at my own expense and subject to the Department before appointments were made, and so reach the best selection to my mind from those names the Civil Service sent over. Soon after I asked that there was an order issued both by the Civil Service and by the Indian Office that such a thing could not be done. I agree with you that if Civil Service would furnish us direct with the examination papers, and allow us to use our discretion in the matter that results could be more satisfactory; but the trouble is that we should see at once that we could get a great deal better employes by looking after them ourselves.

Under the last Administration I needed a physician. I was permitted to look over the examination papers of 24. I studied them carefully and selected four that I thought might do. The Department waited until I personally or by proxy clandestinely visited the homes of these four. I discovered and proved to the Department that none of them were fit for the Indian Service. I believe that the old system of filling out blanks and answering vital questions by the

VOL. 32

C. Davis.

-4-

candidate and furnishing three vouchers who answer certain questions, and leaving the matter in the hands of the superintendents largely, all always, of course, loyally subordinate to and willing to be guided by the Superintendent of Schools, and to permit transfers where the conditions, character and qualities, are fully known to the superintendents, would be all right. This would secure for the superintendents loyalty to the school which means loyalty to the whole work.

I should be glad to correspond further about this matter. I know nothing about what is pending. There is, of course, the struggle for office at once and many candidates for Commissioner and Assistant Commissioner. I have heard of no candidates for Superintendents of Schools. There is a strong move on the part of the Board of Indian organizations, Lake Mohonk and Indian Rights people to keep Dr. Hailman in, but I am satisfied if Mr. McKinley should accept of their urgency and appoint him, that the Senate would not confirm him.

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt.

(Dictated)
Mc

53

VOL. 32

In reply to

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa., wwbruary 18th, 1897.

Cyrus Kehr,

1101 Chamber of Commerce,
Chicago.

My dear Sir:-

I owe you an apology for not answering yours of the
22nd of January before, but the letter and the memorial were mis
laid. I took them to my house to read the memorial, and only yes-
terday did they come under my notice again. While I like the
plan of a great University in the region you speak of, and have
no doubt you have just the place, and I agree with the name and
the making a monument of it to Lincoln, I must differ from you
that it would be becoming to his memory or agreeable to him per-
sonally were he living to make it a distinctively race school. I
am sure in his day he would have had it otherwise, and things have
grown since then. My daughter attends old Dickinson College in
the town of Carlisle which is long passed its century of usefulness,
and sits on the same seat, side by side, with Negros, Indians,
Japanese, Jews, Russians, and a variety of other tribes of the An-
glo Saxon race, both sexes. This is a recent condition in this
great Institution, and it is to me, Lincoln. The only way it
could be established as to whether the Negro is capable as we are,
is to give him the same conditions, side by side with ourselves.
If their struggles and competitions are only among themselves,
they will never anywhere prove what they are capable of. This is

VOL. 32

C. Kehr.

the only point in which I differ with you. Make it as great an
institution as you can, stop at nothing in resource or equipment
for the highest and best, but above all make it recognize in every
respect the brotherhood of man and the fatherhood of God.

Very truly yours,

Capt. 10th Cav'y., Supt.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 18th, 1897.

Col. J. Rpe Young,

Pima Agency, Sacaton, Arz.

My dear Colonel,

As soon as we have a new Secretary of the Inter-
ior I will make a move in your favor. I do not expect that there
will be any great rash of appointments of Indian Agents, and yet
it will be impossible to tell until we know the character of the
man who is to be Secretary. The Indian Office has practically
nothing to do with these appointments.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

R.V. Belt,

1314 Tenth Street,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Belt,

I am not surprised at your ambitions because I had heard of them before and they are perfectly logical. I thought you knew my position in regard to these matters. I have made it a point ever since I have been at Carlisle not to in any way advocate the appointment of any one to office over me. Not because I anticipated that lightning at any time would strike me, but because of the position I would be placed in whether I failed or succeeded. If I failed and the successful party should find out that I had advocated the appointment of some one else, there would necessarily be a feeling against me that would more or less operate to my disadvantage and the disadvantage of my work. If I succeeded my candidate would feel that in a way he would be obligated to me, and necessarily could not be as entirely independent as he ought to be in dealing with me and my peculiarities. I hope you see the point. I can say that I have missed your hand in the Indian Office more than that of any in my experience with it, and that in my judgment the President would be most wise to utilize your abilities and acquired knowledge. I am counting the very hours, and, Oh, how these last days do drag.

(Dictated) Me

VOL. 32

58

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 22nd 1897.

This evidence that R. W. White came to me with a letter from
President Mitchell of Wilberforce University, Ohio, and other
endorsements showing that he was authorized to represent Wilberforce
University before the public, and that on the evening of Saturday,
February 20th, aided by ladies and gentlemen of his race, mostly
students of the University, he gave before this School a very
pleasing entertainment, comprising both instrumental and vocal
music and recitation, Mr. White giving the latter; and also that on
the evening of the 21st Mr. White gave before the School his address
entitled "The Tyrant of the Republic," a most effective and argu-
mentative presentation of the temperance question.

(Distated)
N.

Capt. 10th Cavalry., U.S.A., Sept.

VOL. 32

In reply to

Carlisle, Pa., February 23, 1897.

H. Philips,

Puyallup Indian School,
Tacoma, Washington.

My dear Mr. Philips,

My relations with the present Administration are so strained that anything I would say in your behalf would be, I am sure, hurtful instead of helpful; but there are only nine more days left. Of course, the changes will not be made at once, but the animus and opposition to me that lurk there will surely disappear. For some months past, my judgments have been overruled right along, and every application that could be has been denied. Mr. Potter for reasons which I know very well has been highly favored. There is a desperate effort on the part of the Indian Rights Association and on the part of the Commissioner's crowd to have Hailman kept in service. Whether that will be or not remains to be seen. If it is, I expect, myself, to retire from the Service.

(Dictated)
Me

60

VOL. 32

In reply to

William H. Patterson, Jr.,

North Tonawanda, N.Y.

Dear William,

I am very glad to get your letter telling me of your recovery from typhoid fever, and of your continued carrying out of the principles taught you by your father and Carlisle, and I am delighted that you are able to make yourself so useful as to secure work anywhere. That it what I have told the Indians always you remember, if they are faithful, skillful and industrious there is no trouble and a way will open. It is only to the lazy and good-for nothing, and those who sneak back into the reservations and remain there, that prosperity does not come.

(dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., February 24, 1897.

Levant H. Mason,

Jamestown, N.Y.

My dear Levant,

Two brothers of Nancy Seneca, a graduate this year, desire to make her a present of a suitable watch, and I have advised them that you would perhaps treat them better than our town jewelers. They, therefore, authorize me to ask you to send a watch costing not more than $12, or $14, open face, suitable for a lady and to have a monogram on the outside case, (N.S.) and on the inside "Presented by Isaac and Victor, March 11th, '97." Please do the best for them you can, and send the watch to me and I will remit by check. Why can not you make a good party and come down this year and help us to make a big show?

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 5th, 1897.

To the Honorable,

The Postmaster General,

Washington, D.C.

Sir:-

I cheerfully add my testimony and solicitation to that of
others in behalf of Mr. C.A. Cleveland who applies for the position
of Postmaster at Anadarko, Oklahoma. I have known Mr. Cleveland
intimately since he was a boy in 1867. I have never known or heard
of his doing a dishonorable act, and all my intercourse with him
and all that I have heard of him has shown that he is a capable
high minded honorable gentleman. He has been either an employe
of a trader or a trader himself among the Indians during the thirty
years that I have known him, and I have never known of his mistreat-
ing or in any way taking advantage of them. All my knowledge of
him through that channel shows that he has their respect and affec-
tion. I do know that he has been the victim of political trickery,
and is for that reason especially at this time entitled to the
consideration of President McKinley's Administration. It will be
a personal gratification to me if you find it practicable to oblige
him, and I am sure the community in which he is located as well,
by giving him the appointment of Postmaster at Anadarko, O.T.

Very respectfully,

Capt. 10th Cav 'y., Supt.

(Dictated) Mc

VOL. 32

Reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 25, 1937.

Hon. A.M. Milleisen,
State Senate,

Harrisburg, Pa.

Dear Senator,

Our Commencement this year occurs on Wednesday and Thursday, the 10th and 11th of March. Will you please extend to Senators and officers of the Senate an invitation to be present. The Commencement exercises begin at 2 o'clock, Thursday, and last until about half-past four. The enclosed card will show you the other events of the occasion, to all of which we should be glad to welcome Senators and Senate officials. The seating capacity of our Hall makes it necessary to control the admissions. When I know what Senators and officials desire to attend, I will furnish admission tickets.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 25, 1897.

Honorable Fillmore Maust,

House of Representatives,
Harrisburg, Pa.

My dear Mr. Maust,

Our Commencement this year occurs on Wednesday and Thursday, the 10th and 11th of March. Will you please extend to the members of the House of Representatives and the officers of the House an invitation to be present. The Commencement exercises begin at 2 o'clock Thursday, and last until about half-past four. The enclosed card will show you the other events of the occasion, to all of which we should be glad to welcome members and officials of the House. The seating capacity of our Hall makes it necessary to control the admissions. When I know what members and officers desire to attend, I will furnish admission tickets.

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A.,
Superintendent.

(Dictated)
Mc

65

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 26, 1897.

Honorable D.M. Browning,

Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

Dear Sir:-

I should be very glad indeed if you could find it practicable to come with Mrs. Browning to our Commencement, the 10th and 11th of March, and should be glad also to have you make a brief address of ten or fifteen minutes.

Dictated)
Mc

67

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 26th, 1897.

J.F. Kinter,

Dauphin, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

You have adopted the wise course, and I shall co-operate with you. I gave equally stringent instructions to the young man, and should be glad to know from you any violation.

Supt.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

68

70

69

70

In reply to:

Miss Mary C. Clapp,
Pittsfield, Mass.

Dear Friend,

The Berkshire Eagle came this morning. The Carlisle School favors the issue of letters testamentary in the way desired by the Executors.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

70

<table><tr><td>in reply to:</td></tr></table>

Dr. J.R. Bixler,

President School Board,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

The experiences of the last two years require that we should place limitations on the attendance at our Commencement Exercises. We, therefore, plan this year to admit only on our invitation card or on admission cards issued for the special occasion. Our trouble has been at the Wednesday evening meeting, and the Commencement exercises proper. For these two meetings we shall issue aside from the invitations, cards which we will give on application to proper parties. It will afford us a great deal of pleasure to have present at any and all of our exercises the members of the School Board, the Superintendent and teachers, and we think it best to limit the admission of pupils to the Senior class of the High School should your Board take such action as would permit their attendance. We have endeavored to send invitations to all of the teachers, but if we have missed any and I can be notified invitations will be sent. These, of course, will be good for admission for the members of the Senior class of the High School. On notification from any authorized official, I will furnish the number of admission tickets required for either the Wednesday afternoon meeting, or the Commencement exercises proper, or both.

Very truly yours,

(Dictated) Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 27, 1897.

B.H. Warner, Chairman,

Committee on Civic Organization, Inaugural Parade,

Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Warner,

I have from Mr. Bell two tickets to the Reviewing Stand which was an honor that I did not anticipate. My expectation was for you to secure for me good seats some place on the Avenue where with my party I could see the parade, for which I expected, of course, to pay. Now, I am at a loss what to do. I have two tickets to the Reviewing Stand on the White House grounds. I told you I would have five persons in my party, but Mrs. Pratt and my youngest daughter have decided not to go and I am left with three persons. You speak of sending me two of your tickets to the Grand Stand. If possible to spare me one to make the accommodations for my party complete, it would be a very great favor. My oldest daughter, married and living in Denver, Col., a most arrant Bryan woman, is with me and I take all the more delight in having her witness things from the best standpoint. If you find you are unable to spare me one, I can send the ladies to the Reviewing Stand with the two tickets I have which are in section 6, Nos. 1193 and 1194.

VOL. 32

-2-

While writing allow me to say that one of my men has it from
some source that no banners are to be carried in the parade.
This would exclude our School banner I fear. We have a fine
silk banner on which is inscribed "Indian Industrial School, Car-
lisle, Pa., Into Civilization and Citizenship". I have also a
fine silk flag, and had proposed to carry these two at the head
of the Battalion. If the banner is against your regulations.
Please advise me. Everything is in good shape for our transit
from Carlisle to Washington and return and I have every expecta-
tion of a most successful experience for our boys, and I trust
a helpful one for the cause of Indian education along our line.

Very sincerely yours,

Capt. 10th Cav'y., Supt.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Rev. Wm. C. Roberts,

Board of Home Missions,

156 6th Ave., New York.

My dear Doctor,

The hope you hang out that I may expect you here at our Commencement leads me to add an urgency, and to say that I should be very glad if you come that you would be here Wednesday evening and take five or six minutes among a number of other distinguished persons to say a few words to the assembled school and visiting friends. We have had as many as we could get in the room, ten or twelve hundred, at each of these meetings. I can send you a round trip ticket for the cost of the fare one way, $6.10

(Dictated)
Mc

78

VOL. 32

In reply to:

C.J. Bell, Chairman, Executive Committee

Inaugural Ceremonies,

Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir :-

Yours of yesterday with the enclosed two tickets to
the Reviewing Stand received. You have treated me far better
than I anticipated. What I asked of Mr. Warner was seats any
where where we could get the best view of the parade, for which
I, of course, expected to pay. I am exceedingly obliged for your
very great kindness.

(Dictat ed)

Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

B. H. Warner, Chairman,

My dear Mr. Warner,

I have from Mr. Bell two tickets to the Reviewing Stand which was an honor I did not anticipate. My expectation was that you would secure for me good seats some place on the Avenue where we could see the parade, and for those seats I expected, of course, to pay. Now, I am at a loss what to do. I told you I would have five persons in my party, but Mrs. Pratt has decided not to go and I am left with three persons and myself, four in all. You speak of sending me two of your tickets to the Grand Stand. If possible to spare those it makes the accommodations for my party complete, and it would be a very great favor. My oldest daughter, married and living in Denver, Col., a most arrant Bryan woman, is with me and I take all the more delight in having her witness things from the best standpoint. If you find you are unable to spare the tickets, two can go to the Reviewing Stand with the two tickets I have which are in section 6, Nos. 1193 and 1194, and if possible to get them I would like two other seats in some stand not too far from the Reviewing Stand.

80

VOL. 32

H. H. Warner.

-2-

I know you are extremely busy, but maybe some of your assistants
can get these for me. If we are too late, let it go.

While writing allow me to say that one of my men has it from
some source that no banners are to be carried in the parade. We
have a fine silk banner on which is inscribed "Indian Industrial
School, Carlisle, Pa., Into Civilization and Citizenship." As I
wrote you, this with our flag I propose to carry at the head of the
Battalion. If the banner is against your regulations, advise me.
Everything is in good shape for our transit from Carlisle to Washington and return and I have every expectation of a most successful
experience for our boys, and most helpful for the cause of Indian
education along our lines. Does it occur to you there is anything
at all out of place in our unusual equipment? An old lady now
here who has witnessed every Inaugural since '64, never saw anything
like it, and, therefore, thinks it not exactly proper. If President
McKinley stands for any one thing, it is for industrial effort
of all kinds.

(Dictated) Mc

81

VOL. 32

96

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 1st, 1907.

Professor S.B. Shearer,

Supt. of Public Schools,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Mr. Shearer,

I wrote on Friday to the President of your Board a letter of which the enclosed is a copy. We tried to send invitations to every teacher. If we failed to send to any, I should be glad to be informed. It is important for us to protect ourselves against the unseamly experiences of last year and the year before, and I adopted a method of admission by invitation and card. I should be glad indeed to have the entire School Board and teaching force of the town present, and also the Seniors of the High School. If not too numerous and you think it best I would not object to giving cards of admission to all the students of the High School. It is not our intention to shut out the attendance of any respectable and interested people but to protect them and ourselves from hoodlums. If I have failed to send invitations to any whom our friends think I should have sent to, I shall be only too glad to be notified.

(Disted)

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 1st, 1897.

Mr. J. Agustus Schmidt,
Law School, Dickinson College,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I have written Dr. Reed and Dr. Trickett who will
take up the subject of tickets of admission with their pupils in
a body, and I will furnish them such tickets as they may require.
This in answer to yours of the 25th of February which should have
had a more prompt reply.

(Dictated)
Mc

98

VOL. 32

in reply to:

Hon. Charles Curtis,
1527 Cortlandt St.,

Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:-

Mr. Sherman advises me that you will probably be one of our visitors at Commencement. I write now to ask that you will come prepared to take, if you will, eight or ten minutes in an address at the Commencement exercises proper, when we have our largest crowd together. Representing as you will the Committee of the House who have us in keeping, as you represent also the race, it seems to me eminently fitting that you should do this for us, and I shall very greatly obliged and pleased if you find that your judgment agree with mine. I sincerely hope that you will bring Mrs. Curtis and any members of your family, and will promise that we will endeavor to take good care of you.

(Dictated)
Mc

100

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Luzeno Chouteau,
315 Wabash Avenue,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Luzeno,

I have given quite a little thought to what you
suggest in your letter of the 24th of February and feel that it is
best to ask you to abandon the idea. After I am dead if anyone
thinks well enough of my work, and finds encouragement sufficient
to put it into shape, that will be quite another matter. While
I am living my record is incomplete, at least will be until I am too
old to be of further public service. I see several reasons why it
would be just as well for you not to undertake it now aside from
what I say about it. In the first place, it would be alleged at
once that you were guided in what you did by me, and this would kill
the effect of the work more or less. In the second place, my work
is practically all in the air yet. Carlisle is the one and only
thing; the Government has not materially accepted of my views, and
yet what I have done at Carlisle, if it should come about that the
Government fully accepted and acted upon my views, this aspect, of
course, would be changed; but it would be very much better for you to
let the matter drop for the present. Should you survive me and find
yourself drawn to do what you propose, I am sure having it done by
one of my pupils would be esteemed by my family.

Your friend,

(Dictated) Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Dr. William Trickett,
Law School, Dickinson College,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Doctor,

I have submitted the question of tickets of admission to our Commencement and other exercises for the pupils of the College to Dr. Reed. I write you to say that I should be glad to be governed by your judgment in regard to whom to send for the Law School, not wishing to send out more tickets than will be used. It will be better, if you will kindly do so, to let me know just how many will be needed, and I will send them. I enclose a note from Mr. Schmidt.

(Dictated)
Mc

103

VOL. 32

104

Dr. Alice M. Seabrook,
M.E. Hospital, Broad and Wolfe Streets,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Doctor,

We should be delighted to see you here at our Commencement, and can send you the half-rate ticket. Please advise promptly what your wants are. I am sorry to hear that Dr. Lord is disabled. Please give her my loving sympathy. I am glad that Julia passed successfully. What is proposed for her future?

I saw Dr. Rittenhouse yesterday and tried to persuade him to come to our Commencement, but he thinks it impossible. I offered to give him a chance to speak if he would.

(Dictated) Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Gen. John Eaton,

The Concord,

Washington, D.C.

My dear General,

Things are working all right for a good big audience at your lecture, and I am sure the capacity of the Hall will be tested to the full. Everything is well arranged for the participation of our boys in the Inaugural Ceremonies. 262 of them leaving here at 3 o'clock in the morning on March 4th, reaching Washington a little before 8, leaving there a little before 7 in the evening and getting home at midnight. We have re-shaped our equipment from what it was in Chicago, and I am sure it will make a good impression. There was a little stir about the propriety of our carrying such paraphernalia, but if Mr. McKinley stands for any one thing it is for industrial effort of all sorts, and surely nothing could be more appropriate than such representation especially by Indians.

I see Col. McCook is probably off the list for the Interior Department. If this throws McKenna into the Interior Department it would be a great misfortune. I do not know Col. McCook though I have known several of the fighting McCooks. One of them, Ed. M. McCook, was Colonel of my regiment, and afterwards Major General.

Mr. Curtis, the Indian member of the House Indian Committee, is to be with us and will take part in the Commencement exercises. I think it would be very proper for him in addition to yourself to

VOL. 32

107

Carlisle, Pa., February 23rd 1897.

Hon. J. S. Sherman,

House of Representatives,
Washington, D. C.

Please have sent to me copy of Deficiency Bill just passed,
also latest Congressional Directory.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via Postal 10.04 A. M.

COPY TELEGRAM.

Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge,
U. S. Senate,

Washington, D. C.

I thank you for the impregnable stand you have taken against sectarian appropriations. Church systems of organizing church greatly communities always interferes with the Government's efforts to educate, train and assimilate the Indians. This largely explains much of failure.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via Postal, 12.30 P. M.

VOL. 32

COPY TELEGRAM.

Hon. H. M. Teller,
U. S. Senate,

Washington, D. C.

I have read with greatest interest Senate discussion of Saturday on Indian Bill. Why not now push the features of the plan for outside of reservation education you outlined in your report as Secretary for 1893. Your estimate of cost in '83 can be reduced fully 25% now. Except we educate and train in industries among our people and in our civilization we must expect unlimited continuation of tribal clannishness. Our whole educational weakness is in trying to build our civilization into the Indians in mass instead of trying to build the Indians into our civilization individually. The line you proposed in '83 was what we needed then, and need now more than ever. You know I have repeatedly offered to double our Carlisle number.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via Postai 12.30 A. M.

VOL. 32

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 1st 1897.

Mr. Henry W. Ruoff,
City Hotel, York, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

Replying to your letter of February 25th, I send you a
copy of The New England Magazine which contains a good account of
this School, and also copies of my last Annual Reports. We hold
the plates for the illustrated souvenir and the Magazine article,
and can loan you what you would use. I should be glad to review
before publication anything that you wish to use, but just now I am
extremely busy in preparations for our Commencement, which takes
place on the 9th, 10th and 11th of March, and could not undertake
the preparation of a special article for you, as you request. Should
you wish any further information, I will be pleased to supply it.

N.

109

VOL. 32

110

111

In reply to:

Miss Nancy Cornelius,

Hartford, Connecticut.

My dear Nancy:-

I am sorry that you cannot come and see us during
Commencement. It is always a pleasure to us to have you come to
Carlisle.

We have all sympathized with you greatly in your difficulty
with your eyes, and are glad now to know that they are getting better
and that you are able to go on with your work. It is a source of
great satisfaction to me to know that you and Isabella are doing so
well up there in Connecticut. You are both carrying out "the
Carlisle idea," and in doing so are working out your own highest
good.

We graduate our largest class this year, 27 in number, and
hope to have a correspondingly big time. General John Eaton will
deliver the diplomas, and will also lecture for us on Tuesday evening
on "My Personal Memories of Lincoln and Grant." Many of our patrons
and pupils are coming in, and distinguished friends from a distance
will be with us.

I sent Lilly Wind an invitation at Hartford, and you can tell
her for me specially that if she can run away from her work we shall
be glad to see her.

With best wishes from us all,

N.

VOL. 32

in reply to:

OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa., March 2nd, 1897.

R.H. Warner, Chairman,
Civic Committee, Inaugural Parade,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:-

Thanks innumerable for yours of the 1st and its two
enclosed tickets to the Grand Stand. Though the four tickets are
not together I can manage admirably.

We have a special train over the Pennsylvania lines which we
expect will be the advanced section of the train due in Washington
at 7:45 A.M. Permission is given to occupy the train as a stopping
place, and to feed our students. Just where it will be side track-
ed, I am unable to say. I shall be glad to receive special direc-
tions, if any, from you through your representative when we arrive.
We shall be at our point in the line promptly, and before the time
set. If there are any special instructions as to the route to get
there from the Railroad, please have them meet me by your agent.

Our Plan of equipment and formation does not admit of the sin-
gle rank arrangement being carried out with any satisfaction to
ourselves, and I trust being a special organization we may be al-
lowed to move by platoon in double instead of single rank. This
will not take up as much space in the line as we otherwise would,
and our equipment will be more effective.

With kind regards,

(Dictated) Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa. March 2nd, 1897

Mrs. Isabel Spencer Freeland,
#2127 West Dauphin Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Mrs. Freeland,

The best train for you to leave Philadelphia, Broad Street Station, would be on the fast line at 12.25 P.M., reaching Harrisburg at 3:35, and Carlisle at 4:30. You had better come prepared to remain until six in the evening of Thursday which would get you to Philadelphia at 11 o'clock. That takes in the whole of our exercises from beginning to end. I will send you a round trip ticket within a few days. If I know surely that you are coming you will be met at the station, Gettysburg Junction, which is just out of town and where we usually meet our guests.

(Dictated)
Mc

116

VOL. 32

119

<table><tr><td>In reply to:</td></tr></table>

Carlisle, Pa., March 3rd, 1897.

Prof. B.O. McIntire,

Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Professor,

I overlooked the little notice for you yesterday
I can say for Prof. Durell's lecture on the Sun at the Indian School
that

No lecture given during the season made so great an impression
upon our young people. The facts gathered were often referred to
in their recitations and written exercises, and their correspondence
home immediately after was burdened with the wonderful information
given by Prof. Durell.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

120

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 3rd, '97

Rev. S.S. Gilson,

Station A, Pittsburg, Pa.,

My dear Doctor,

I am delighted that you are coming to Carlisle at Commencement. We really have nothing new in the way of old Indians in the photograph line, unless we send you an old picture of some Indian Chiefs who visited us. We can send you a fine photograph of the graduating class, and will do that anyhow. We also have new photographs of shops, etc., but the weather prevents the photographer from supplying us.

If you can leave Pittsburg Tuesday morning and get here in the afternoon, that will be in good season for our evening lecture by Gen. John Eaton. The program is not yet printed and will not be until just before the exercises as we are putting a plate of the class in it, and that will not reach us until Friday evening or Saturday morning.

You doubtless have a clerical ticket over Pennsylvania lines, and if so it would be the same rate as they give me. If you will get your ticket it will save me asking especially for one and I will refund the cost to you. Tell Mrs. Gilson we will take care of you and return you in good shape.

Heartily congratulations on the addition to your family, but, my son, what a distance from home. I have a daughter visiting us now whose home is in Denver, Col.

With love to Mrs. Gilson,

VOL. 32

Capt. W.W. Wotherspoon,

College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts,
Kingston, R.I.

My dear Captain,

I send you an account of the School written by Prof. Super of Dickinson College, Carlisle, as printed in the New England Magazine. The Magazine I would be glad to have returned, but other documents accompanying it can be kept.

Cannot you and Mrs. Wotherspoon come down to our Commencement? I have arrangements for a round trip ticket for the cost of the fare one way over Pennsylvania lines, but would need to know immediately if you decide to come in order to get ticket to you.

My Apache boys and girls who were practically forced to go to their people at Ft. Sill write me dolefully about their affairs. Quite a number would have come East again if they could have had the opportunity. It was a bad job, settling down there at Ft Sill. I argued against it with Davis and the Secretary, and wrote Davis afterwards what I saw at Sill, but Scott, who had them in charge had the pull.

If you and Mrs. Wotherspoon can come down with any of your friends, to whom I can send the same transportation accommodations, I hope you will, for we shall have a very interesting time/ We graduate our largest class, and make as good a showing as we have at any time in the past. There will be about 700 of our pupils present,

Yours sincerely,

VOL. 32

Carhisle, Pa., March 2nd, 1897.

Mr. Simeon Gilbert,

167 Locust Street,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Mr. Gilbert,

Thanks for your very kindly note. I does me good.

I wish very much that you could be with us at our Commencement. I am
sure you would understand that we are on pretty good lines.

(Dictated)
Mc

March 2nd, 1897.

Jemima W. Cornelius,

Seymour, Wis.

My dear Jemima,

I have been intending ever since
yours to write you of my great sympathy
in your sorrow, but we are just in the
midst of our Commencement arrangements and
I am exceedingly busy. You did not tell
me how you are fixed yourself. Have you
children? If you have not, I do not see
why they can not give you an appointment
in the Indian Service, and I am sure they
will. Let me know all about your matters

Faithfully your friend,

(Dictated)
Mc

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 32

123

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa.; March 3rd, 1897.

Maj. W.P. Hall,

Asst. Adjutant General, War Department,
Washington, D.C.

Sir:-

I am in receipt of notification of February 27th that my ex-
amination to determine fitness for promotion will be ordered as
soon as practical after the expiration of three months from that
date, and have to respectfully request a copy of general orders
No. 80, October 5th, 1891, and any further information which I
should have, to aid in preparation. Immediately on receipt of
this order and such information, I will notify you the topic for my
essay.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

Ezra Freemont,
Omaha Agency,
Neb.

My dear friend,

Trust me that I shall do all I can to forward the interest of your children in the same lines that I did Nettie's. I know your sentiments, and they have been an inspiration for me always. I am sorry to say that very very few of the parents of the children here have the same enterprise and broad thought for their children as you have. I am more pestered to send them home than I am to keep them in school.

I trust it may be convenient for you to visit us again.

(Dictated)
Mc

124

VOL. 32

126

In reply to:

Hon. Chas. R. Landis,

House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:-

I note with pride that Delphi has a place in Congress in the person of yourself. It seems to bring the past and present together to have it so. I want you especially to become interested in what I have been doing these many years. If possible, come to Carlisle at our Commencement next week. There will be special accommodations and I will take care of your transportation and entertain you here as I do our other friends that come from year to year. It will be, I am sure, intensely interesting to you, and may lead to something. I enclose you a card of invitation which will give you our program. Just who are coming up I am not sure. The time is not propitious, but I am informed that Mr. Curtis from Kansas, a member of the Indian Committee, himself an Indian, is coming with his wife. Please advise on receipt of this if you can come, and I will then arrange and notify you.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

131

BLURRED TEXT

COPY TELEGRAM

Carlisle Pa., March 3rd, 1897.

J.M. Wood, G.P.A.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Please add to list sent you yesterday one ticket New York, N.J. to Carlisle and return, on account of Commencement exercises.

(Signed) Pratt, Capt.

Sent via Gettysburg June 8:45 A.M.

COPY TELEGRAM.

J.R. Wood, G.P.A.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Please add to your list on account Commencement 10 tickets Elmira, N.Y., to Gettysburg Junction and return.

(Signed) Pratt, Capt.

Sent Via G.J. 9:03 A.M.

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Mr. C.Y. Robe,

Indian School, Ft. Shaw, Mont.

Dear Chauncey:

It always gives me great pleasure to receive a let-
ter from you, and to know that you are getting along so well. We,
too, have had an unusually open winter, with many very mild, almost
spring like, days. I have just returned from Washington where 260
of our boys took part in the Inaugural Parade. They carried school
books and the implements of industry as they did in the Opening
Ceremonies Parade in Chicago. The day was bright and Pennsylvania
Avenue crowded with hundreds of thousands of people who cheered
heartily as the boys marched sturdily along. The boys, themselves
appreciated the honor of taking part in the Parade, and undoubtedly
it will prove one of the means of bringing not only Carlisle, but
the Indian race into fellowship with the other people of the coun-
try.

You probably have our Commencement invitation by this time and
can realize that we are very busy now preparing for our special
event of the year. There are twenty-seven in the Graduating Class.
Gen. John Eaton, whom you will remember as one of our distinguished
guests on former occasions, will lecture Tuesday evening on "My
personal memories of Grant and Lincoln," and will also deliver the
diplomas to the class. We expect to have very prominent people
here, but not so large a delegation from Washington as we have had

132

VOL. 32

134

Stiya Kawacura,
Indian School,
Albuquerque, N. Mex.

My dear Stiya:

Alice Leeds writes me that you are not so well, and I am so very, very sorry to hear it. I hope you will not have to suffer very much, and that with the coming of the beautiful spring days you may be able to get out of doors a great deal and grow stronger. Alice also wrote me of the pleasant party the Carlisle girls had gotten up for Mr. and Mrs. McCowan. That was very thoughtful and kind of you, and I am sure your good superintendent and his wife appreciated it. I am sorry to hear that he has had to leave Albuquerque.

You will be glad to know that Annie Kowuni graduates next week when we have our Commencement exercises. I wish all of you Pueblo girls could be with us on this happy occasion. Annie has plodded along faithfully and stands well in her class.

With love and best wishes in which Mrs. Pratt and Nana join,
I am

(Dictated N)
Mc

VOL. 32

in reply to:

Miss Alice Leeds,

Cor. F and Copper Aves.

Albuquerque, N. Mex.

Dear Alice:

When I received your letter of the 14th of February with its description of your happy life under the bright New Mexican sky, I could almost imagine that I was repeating my visit of last summer in Albuquerque and seeing you and all the girls. Nana and I greatly enjoyed our visit with you all, and look back with much pleasure to the little settlement of Carlisle girls who are working their way along so bravely in the city.

I am sorry to hear that Stiya is not so well. It was a very happy thought of you girls to give Mr. and Mrs. McCowan the unexpected entertainment. I feel proud that you could originate and carry out so delightful an affair.

The enclosed card tells you that our Commencement exercises are on hand for next week. We expect to have our usual number of guests and memorable time. Annie Kowuni is one of the twenty-seven who graduate.

Please give my love to Julia, Annie and Barbara, and keep a share for yourself.

(Dictated N)
Mc

135

VOL. 32

<table><tr><td>In regard to:</td></tr></table>

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF COMMISSIONER

Walter Anello,

Laguna, New Mexico.

Dear Walter:

How I should like to look over the mountains of Penn-
sylvania and all the mountains between Carlisle and New Mexico and
see you in your home with your young wife. As I cannot I want to
send you the united wishes and congratulations of Mrs. Pratt and
myself and all your friends at Carlisle. I trust you will continue
to prosper in your business and build up for yourself a happy home.
I am always glad to hear from you, and hope you will write and tell
me about yourself from time to time.

We are in the midst of preparation for our Commencement, which
you will see by the enclosed card takes place next week. Annie
Kowaci is one of the twenty-seven who will graduate this year. Here
is the largest graduating class we have had so far. I should
be very glad if you could come and visit us at Carlisle sometime.
You would find many changes and much growth I am sure that would
interest you. You know Carlisle's motto is to "march ahead", and
while she endeavors to grow as a School she sends out to all her
old pupils a great desire for their individual welfare.

With greetings to you and your wife, I am

(Dictated) N
J.J.

VOL. 32

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE
OFFICE OF AGRICULTURAL AFFAIRS

Carlisle, Pa., March 6th, 1897.

Gilbert Pushaw.

Globe City, Arizona.

Dear Gilbert:--

Your letter of Feb. 17th is before me and I am very sorry to know that you are not well. I trust the Arizona climate will make you grow stronger. Yesterday, 85° of our boys went down to Washington, leaving here at 2 o'clock in the morning and returning at midnight, to take part in the Inaugural Parade. They carried implements of industry and school books as they did in the Opening Ceremonies Parade in Chicago, and their appearance seemed to please the people greatly. The boys, themselves, enjoyed the honor of taking part in the Parade.

We are in the midst of preparation for our Commencement which takes place next week. We graduate 27, our largest class so far, and expect to have our usual big time.

With best wishes from us all,

Your friend,

(Diated)N
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 5th, 1997.

George W. Boyd, A.G.P.A.,

Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

In reply to your letter of March 1st, I enclose herewith
my personal check for $500.00 covering tickets for 266 persons,
Carlisle to Washington and return.

I made the trip with the boys and found your transportation
arrangements all I could ask. The appearance of our boys in the
Parade was a great success, and has undoubtedly helped Carlisle for-
ward. In am very grateful to you and Mr. Wood for your attention
in this matter.

(Dictated N)
Mc

VOL. 32

140

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa., March 6th 1967.

Dr. James King,

1 Madison Avenue,
New York:

My dear Doctor:-

I am delighted to know that you can be with us at our Commencement and send you ticket from Newark to Gettysburg Junction and return.

The reason that I send you this ticket from Newark is that the railroad does not admit of a ticket at reduced rate from New York which is a competing point.

Now there is one trouble about your coming Wednesday. By leaving New York in the morning you cannot possibly get here in time to see our exercises, excepting those in the evening. I am especially anxious for you to see what we have in the afternoon, which will show our industrial and physical training features. Why cannot you run over to Philadelphia sometime Tuesday evening and spend the night there, leaving Philadelphia for Carlisle at 8.30 the next morning. That would bring you to Harrisburg at 11.30 and here for dinner at 12.25. Perhaps a better plan would be for you to take a sleeper at Jersey City, which is open to receive passengers at 10 P. M., and remain in the sleeper at Philadelphia until 7.30 A. M. This would give an hour for you to get your breakfast in the station, and be with us at the same time for dinner.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 32

In reply to:

B.H. Warner, Chairman,

Civic Organization, Inaugural Parade,
Glover Building, Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Warner:-

We returned to Carlisle at one o'clock this morning without an accident. Aside from the long wait and long march which made us very tired we had a royaltygood time.

Please remember to send me check at once, as I have already remitted to railroad company.

(Dictated)

My

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, March 5th, 1897.

Miss Ida Warren,

White Earth, Minn.

Dear Ida:

I wrote to Mr. Wanamaker about your ambitions, and the enclosed is his reply. Perhaps being in correspondence with him direct will be the most satisfactory to you.

(Diated)
Me

VOL. 32

BLURRED TEXT

Mr. J.L. Lowther,

Baliwood, Pa.

My dear friend,

I am in receipt of years of the 3rd by reference from
Dr. Babb. We have fixed a general price of $50.00 for one enter-
tainment and our expenses. I suppose we shall get to your place
about as soon as we would get on Alton and which would make it about
$4.50 round trip under our special Indian rates. For sixteen per-
sons the total cost would be about $60.00 We have so busy with
our commencement now that it would have to be done some after next
week, and should not be after the first of April as we are sending
many of our students out for the summer. While we have a little of this
sort of work we prefer not to do any business with the schools in our
school from 4th.

(Distance)
Mg

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Rev. W.H. Miller,

Bryn Mawr, Pa.

My dear Brother:-

I have been expecting that you would remember my urgency and would send me word that you would come to our Commencement. I am exceedingly anxious to have you, and although I do not want to persecute you it would be a very great pleasure to have you talk a few minutes at one of our exercises. Say a few minutes at our Wednesday evening meeting or take the prayer at the opening exercises of the Commencement Proper. But what I want is to have you come, that is the great thing. Please let me know that you will

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

145

Rev. J.J. Methvin,

Anadarko, O.T.

My dear Sir:-

Thanks for your letter. We are getting unto better grounds. The new Secretary is a Presbyterian, a member of the Broadway Tabernacle Church, a business man and no sentiment. If we get a Commissioner, Asst. Commissioner and Supt. of Schools on his lines, we may hope for better things. Then it must of course follow that agents be of that sort. We have had about twelve years of buildings against Carlisle. It has been a long and hard pull, but we have grown in spite of it. What we need now is a force of people at work among the Indians who are in favor of doing just what you say. Agents, employes, and school people, practically control sentiment among Indians. I can take any agency and in six months have a strong sentiment in favor of sending children to Carlisle. If one handles the situation with reference to building a boarding school in a remote part of the reservation at the Supt of Mt. Scott or elsewhere, they can make that go. We always find arguments in favor of things we are determined to do. Being resolved to hinder the Indians getting into civilization we break up and limit the operations of things that work to that end, and we, of course, have reasons to justify us and easily persuade sentiment among Indians that way. You and I know that. If one-half the young people who have been sent out into schools away from agencies

VOL. 32

Rev. J.J. Methvin, page 2.

had been sent into the general life of the nation instead of back
to the tribe, the whole Indian situation would be on a vastly
higher plane than it is to-day. Even if one-fourth or one-tenth
of them had gone into our American life first as we expect
our own children to go, the result would have been an immense sen-
timent in favor of that, both among the Indians and the whites.
All the contrivances of the Indian Bureau the last twelve years,
throughout both administrations of Mr. Cleveland and Mr. Harrison,
has been for centralization notwithstanding all that has been said
about breaking up the tribes, etc. Of what use is it to pass
and use
laws against the introduction of whisky by the Indians, and then
place over them agents whose principal characteristic is the use of
whisky. I am glad to get your letter and am always glad to hear
from you.

(Dictated)
Mc

146

VOL. 32

147

In reply to:

Rev. Dr. J. Lippincott,
1912 Poplar Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Doctor:-

You no doubt think it very strange that I have let
your letter of January 29th lie so long unanswered, and so it is.
I have assayed myself to write you not less than three times, and
after writing a page or two would feel disusted with myself for
saying the things that I seemed to feel obliged to say, and would
tear up the letter saying to myself "I will wait until tomorrow
and then maybe I will feel better", and so it goes.

Now that the official oppressors are out of the way or have
their hands tied I begin to feel better. Yesterday we participated
in the Inaugural Parade. 266 boys marched with the industrial a-
quipment which was practically the same we had at Chicago. We re-
cived a generous ovation, and Mrs. Pratt and two sisters, Mrs. Al-
len and Mrs. Jennings, who were on the Grand Stand just behind Mr.
McKinley, heard him speak most kindly as we passed. He bowed to
me first, and then seeming to recognize me he bowed the second time.
The officials of the Parade gave us great compliment.

The Indian Bill did not pass. I am glad of it. It comes up
before the new Congress, and we are far better shape in consequence.
The scheme to have a triple headed Commission was ruled out of the
Bill on point of order. I am not in sympathy with any such move.

VOL. 32

148

Rev. Dr. J. Lippincott, page 2.

What we want is one man of sufficient power and let him have his way, and we shall get on vastly better. There are candidates and candidates for Commissioner, Asst. Commissioner and Supt. of Schools. I have no candidates and do not intend to have. The educational people, those of the department of Superintendents, and I think Dr. Harris are determined to keep Hailmann in. I have told him that if Hailmann stays, I go. My reasons are deeper than can be seen on the surface. What we want now in administration is a management, both school and otherwise, committed to the position of trying to get the Indians out into the Nation. Hailmann's use of the school is to centralize and hinder that. I have never used influence to try to get place, and shall not begin now, but I do feel that after my long service I am entitled to be considered in Indian matters; and I say frankly to you, my friend, that if I am not considered and materially so, I shall retire from the Service on that ground. Carlisle has been fighting on one line all these years. Carlisle opponents are on the other line. Carlisle knows the Indian far better than her opponents, and she knows that the other destroys Mr. McKinley knows me and of my work well, and yet he undoubtedly will have great pressure brought to bear to favor this or that person. The Indian Rights people are in the field already with one of their Boston men, and I have no doubt that a great many endorsements will be sent in. The Indian Rights people never think of those who have been at work and who have borne the brunt and heat of the battle. Their universal thought is getting some one in who is especially an Indian Rights person. The Merit System is really no part of their consideration.

VOL. 32

Rev. Dr. J. Lippincott, page 3.

I see you are changed to Reading, and I hope the change is
agreeable to you. I have no doubt there has been some recognition
and an attempt to right the wrong done last year. I have no word
from you about Commencement I should be delighted if you had the
time to have you and Mrs. Lippincott come again and to have you take
a few minutes at our Wednesday evening meeting if you felt so in-
clined. I could send you round trip tickets

With love to Mrs. Lippincott, I am as ever

(Dictated)
Mc

149

VOL. 32

Rev. M.F. Trippe,

Salamanca, N.Y.

My dear Brother Trippe:-

You see we have a New York Secretary of the Interior. This means business for the New York Indian, I am sure. I am willing to increase my number here to 100, and will say so to him, and I believe I will get his permission to take them. Others can go to Hampton and to Lincoln, though between you and me I would rather both Hampton and Lincoln were out of the Indian business. I do not believe in associating the two helpless races together alone. If all races were at Hampton things would be different; but to make a special Negro and Indian School of it, and to parade it before the country as such for the money there is in it, does not sit well with me. Associating the Indian with the Negro prejudices the Indian cause before the public because the Negro's cause is already prejudiced. From the Indian estate into full, social, as well as political association, is a very simple step as compared with the difference between the Negro's condition and the same relations. I think you will agree with me on this, and I have worked long and hard for both races. The educated Indian is in my experience welcome to the parlors of the most refined. The educated Negro is not. However, this

VOL. 32

Rev. M.F. Trippe, page 2/

is somewhat foreign.

Write and describe to me what you have to send to Carlisle in a quiet way in full, and in a trip that I will probably make to Washington soon to meet the Secretary, I will personally present the matter to him. I am not prepared to increase my number this fiscal year, because the large number I have undertaken to carry on my appropriation and the building I have done, have exhausted my resources.

I especially thank you for the expression at the close of your letter. There is a general war on trust. The Indian Rights Association is a trust. It expects to not only control the sentiment that should govern the Government in its dealings with the Indians, but to direct who shall be the officers to enforce that sentiment. This Indian business means fight, and I am in for that purpose.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 32

152

Capt. G.L. Scott,
Acting Indian Agent,
La Pointe Agency,
Ashland, Wis.

My dear Captain:--

Thanks for your invitation to visit La Pointe.

You place the greatest possible temptation in my way when you say there is good fishing. I shall hope that it may be possible for me to get there some time this summer on several accounts.

(Dictated)
Mc

153

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa. March 6th, 1897.

Mr. R.P. Thian,

Chief Clerk, Adjutant General's Office,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:-

I wrote several days ago to Maj. Hall asking for
copy of the general orders #80 and such other information as I
ought to have in reference to my examination which I am notified
is likely to take place at any time after three months from the
27th of February. Not having received copy of the order and the
information, and believing that the topic of my essay should be
forwarded at once, I venture to ask your good offices in seeing
that I get a copy of the order and the information referred to,
for which I shall be greatly obliged.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, March 6th, 1897.

J.R. Wood, G.P.A.,

Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

I am very greatly obliged to you for your kindness in ex-
changing tickets for my sisters. Now, one of them, Mrs. Jennings,
who had the return ticket to Indianapolis, has decided that she
would like to remain with us until the end of March, and then accom-
pany my daughter as far as Chicago on her way west to Denver. I
write to ask if you will not make another change for me by taking
this Indianapolis ticket and give me a ticket to Chicago good until
the end of March, and let me know the difference and I will remit.

I am very sorry to still further bother you, but it has been
many years since we have had a visit from my sister and her pro-
longed stay will be a great pleasure to us, and her going as far
as Chicago would be an added pleasure to my daughter's return jour-
ney.

(Dictated)

Mc

159

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., March 8th, 1897.

Mr. C.E. Patterson,
40 E. 23rd Street,

New York.

My dear Mr. Patterson:

Come any Saturday that you can, and if
possible during this month, for the reason that the first of April
we begin our Outing and 150 to 200 of our children will leave us
for the summer. I shall gladly take care of the expenses of your-
self and operator and shall entertain you both for your lecture,
and I can assure you of a most attentive and appreciative audience.

I wish you could be with us at our Commencement exercises this
week. Your name should have been on the list of invited guests. I
send you a card now.

There is no truth whatever in the statement that Matozen, Lone
Wolf, Cayou and others are going to leave us. Lone Wolf has re-
turned to his home in the territory. Being a graduate of last
year, he is not regularly in the School. He may return to us in
the fall for some post graduate and business training, but this
is uncertain. The other members of the team are to remain
with us, being regular students.

(Diated) Mc

164

VOL. 32

Mr. David H. Wright,
726 Drexel Building,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I appreciate your offer of service to help legisla-
tion. I am anxious to make the acquaintance of Mr. Penrose and
to have him specially interested in our work, but am prevented by
the very proper unwritten law in the Service to go beyond the approv
al of my superior officers. Should a change be made, which I
certainly hope may be the case in the Commissioner's Office, I trust
before the special session is over I may have the endorsement of
the new Administration for measures which I recommended for Congres-
sional action this past winter, but, which, owing to my differences
I think with Mr. Welsh, the Indian Rights Association, and his
henchman in the Indian Service, were not submitted to Congress at all.
I sincerely trust we may have an Administration both legislative
and administrative not subject in any of its functions to kitchen
cabinet interests.

(Distated)
Mc

165

VOL. 32

167

Carlisle, Pa., March 9th, 1897.

To

The President,

The White House, Washington, D.C.

Dear Mr. President:

When the last Administration came into office
and I went to pay my respects to my chiefs, the new Commissioner
and Assistant Commissioner of Indian Affairs, I realized at once
that the Assistant Commissioner, then General Armstrong, was against
me in my work, and that I was to be thwarted if he could do it. He
began a system of working against my requests for authority which
would have been disasterous had not his actions been overruled by
the Honorable J.M. Reynolds, Assistant Secretary of the Interior,
who then had charge of Indian matters in the Secretary's office. I
did not know Mr. Reynolds at the time, but he warned me of what was
going on, and ever since then has stood by me and my cause loyally.
Mr. Reynolds is from the nearby county of Bedford in this state,
and, unknown to me, had become acquainted with and favorable to my
work early in its history, while he was a member of the State Senate

I was intensely anxious for your election and though barred by
my Army connection from taking any part, I watched those who did
the campaign work with greatest interest. It came to me that Mr.
Reynolds throughout his active canvass was telling his people that
he intended to secure sound money by voting for Mr McKinley, and

VOL. 32

168

The President.

-2-

the verdict of those who know is that to Mr. Reynolds' efforts
very largely is due the great majority you received from his dis-
trict,

These things lead me to step aside from my usual course (which
is to keep free from all solicitations for office) and to say that
Mr. Reynolds' interest in my behalf and his patriotic, non-partisan,
official actions for the good of this school and as I believe for
the country impels me to wish that if possible he be retained in
office.

As you know, I am an Army officer and not a politician; but
I have always been a Republican, casting my first vote in '65 for
Mr. Lincoln. I write in what I believe to be the best interests
of good Government and entirely of my own motion without the
slightest suggestion or influence from Mr Reynolds or any of his
friends, and without any knowledge on my part as to whether he
even cares to remain in office.

With greatest respect,

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

George W. Boyd, A.G.P.A.,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Sir:-

Enclosed find my check for seventy-five cents (75) covering difference in rate between two tickets as per yours of March 8th.

I am very much obliged to you for your patient courtesy in this matter.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

COPY TELEGRAM.

Carlisle, Pa., March 9th 1897.

Wm. G. Spottswood,

Adjutant-General's Office,
Washington, D. C.

My Assistant Superintendent will have charge of the party
leaving Baltimore and Potomac Station at 7.50 tomorrow- Wednesday-
morning. Report to him.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via Postal 9.56 A. M.

COPY TELEGRAM.

A. J. Standing,

St. James Hotel,

Washington, D. C.

Parties Kickapoo, Osage and other Indians Washington. Ask
Secretary if they come. If necessary we pay expenses. Urge Secretary
come. Have had every Republican Secretary here since School began. If
General Miles can spare only one day have him come Thursday same train.

(Signed) Pratt, Capt.

Sent via W. 4. 5. 30 P. M.

170

VOL. 32

TELEGRAM.

A. J. Standing,

St. James Hotel,

Washington, D. C.

See Judge McCammon and urge him to come with family.

(Signed) Pratt, Capt.

TELEGRAM.

Judge Joseph C. McCammon,

1420 W. Street, N. W.,

Washington, D. C.

No answer to my invitation. Urge you and Mrs. McCammon come
with Washington party to Commencement tomorrow's train. My Mr.

Standing will see you.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Both sent via W. U. 1. 55 P. M.

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., March 12th, 1897.

Col. L.W. Münich,

Eagle Hotel,
Gettysburg, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

The unsettled weather and press of official business will prevent any of our guests going to Gettysburg this year. I am always glad to be able to recommend people to your good care, and expect this spring to bring over a party; but the date I am now unable to name.

(Diated)
Mc

VOL. 32

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
(INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE)
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Carlisle, Pa., March 13th, 1897.

Dr. A.J. Gilson,

Pesbyterian Banner, 6th and Wood Aves.
Pittsburg, Pa.

My dear Doctor:

I have been so extremely busy that I have not been able to look at a newspaper for several days, so I have not been able to tell you anything that you have written, but I know it will be all right.

(D. dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

100

175

The Bearing's Publishing Co.,
Chicago, Ill.

Gentlemen:

Recently I subscribed through our local bicycle dealer for your magazine because he told me that it was the best authority on bicycling in the United States. I find that you advocate Sunday racing. This is so entirely contrary to my views of what is for the best interest of the people of these United States, including bicyclists, that I do not care to even sanction the advocacy of such a desecration by taking a magazine in favor of it. You may please, therefore, just erase my name from your subscription list and discontinue sending me the magazine.

Yours truly,

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
INDIAN SCHOOL GRAVE
OFFICE OF SURGEON GENERAL

Rev. F.P. It Pleasant,
Saborne, N.Y.

My dear Friend:

Send the barrel of apples along and we will take
care and see that the children have full benefit of them. Your
children are well and doing well in every way.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 16th, 1897.

Rev. Dr. Shelden Jackson,
Bureau of Education,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Doctor:

I intended to say a word to you about your letter of March 9th when you were here, but it slipped me. Sometimes there is a working out that works in, and sometimes there is a working in that works out. I prize your judgment and shall do my level best to consummate the right thing.

If you have the School Journal on your files, get the copy for March 13th and read on page 336. See what you think of it. The employees all over the School Service are asked to write letters of endorsement and send to Mr. Leupold. Educational people are being worked for all they are worth. Things are getting desperate. The more desperate, the better.

(Dated)

Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Col. J. Roe Young,

Pima Agency, Sacaton, Ariz.

My dear Colonel:

I have not yet seen the new Commissioner or the
President, but I am going to Washington either the last of this week
or the first of next to stay some days for the special purpose of
seeing them and finding out the lay of the land, so to speak. If
at all possible I will put in a word for you and get the information
you ask.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

Wm. G. Fischer,

1221 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Friend:

Thanks for your good note and for the promise that we may see you soon here. I assure you it will give us all great pleasure, especially the children who keep you in constant memory because of the beautiful music you have given them. We had a great time at Commencement; fully three thousand people were gathered to see the class graduate. I am pushing hard to catch up with my correspondence in order to stand an examination for promotion to Major. I have been advised that I may expect to be ordered for examination any time after the 27th of May.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Dr. James Kennedy,
Chambersburg, Pa.

My dear Doctor:

Any day that will suit you to see our stone crusher
in operation will be convenient for us. You have only to give us
a little advance notice in order that we may ask the electric light
people for the power. The crusher is in running order as we have
been using it recently. We shall be glad to see you and your party

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Oliver Silverheels,

Irving, N.Y.

My dear friend:

I was very greatly disappointed that your party did not come to our Commencement. We had a grand time and you would have been greatly interested. It did not seem to me that you were as energetic as you should have been or you would have pushed on to Elmira anyhow, pass or no pass.

In regard to a round trip rate, the best I can do is a half rate from Canandaigua or from Elmira. If such a ticket will help you I shall be glad to send it.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Mrs. Louisa Hill,
West De Pore, Wis.

My dear Louisa:

Your little sisters are getting along well here at the school, but they are not by any means where they should be when they leave school, and it is of the greatest importance not to make a break in their school life. We find that whenever girls and boys go home and return they have lost very much of their ability to study and keep along with their class, and it is a real detriment to them in almost every case. The important thing for your sisters is to get an education, not to help you or their mother so much. I trust you will see it this way, and that you will use your influence to make them contented and happy here.

I congratulate you on your marriage and on having such a kind-ly good husband.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In sapply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Susan Young,

Thurston, Neb.

My dear Susan:

I send you the picture of the graduating class as you request. While I am glad to know your difficulties and sincerely sympathize with you in your struggles to obtain what you believe to be your rights, I am practically powerless just now to help you in any way. Why do you not write to Miss Alice C. Fletcher, Washington, D.C., and ask her to help you as she has the ear of the Indian Office. If you do not get things straight in the course of a few months, it may be that I could do something for you and you could write me again.

Faithfully your friend,

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Dr. Alice M. Seabrook,
Methodist Hospital,
So. Broad & Wolf Streets,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Miss Seabrook:

You were really missed quite a good deal at
Commencement. I had expected to get an opinion from you about one
of our very sick girls. Many of the students expected to meet you,
and a number of the teachers wondered why you did not come. Your
letter of the 13th, returning railroad ticket, explains.

(Dictated)
Mc

185

VOL. 32

Honorable Cornelius N. Bliss,
Secretary of the Interior,
Washington, D.C:

Sir:

Charles H. Thompson of Chicago, a former Special Agent in the Indian Service, asks me if I will not say a word in his behalf for reappointment to the same place under the present Administration. I cheerfully add my testimony to his great efficiency as an official during his former service. I am personally acquainted with quite a good deal of difficult work he performed as such Special Agent, and his wisdom, great ability and untiring energy stamps him one of the very best Special Agents coming within my knowledge, and the Department could not do better than to give him a reappointment and thus save to itself the training of a new man, always a disadvantage, and assure to the Service at once a most capable official.

With greatest respect,

(Dictated)
Mc

186

VOL. 32

Chas. H. Thompson,
7129 Eggleston Ave.,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Thompson:

I cheerfully enclose my estimate and endorsement of you for the position of special agent to which you seek re-appointment. From some things that have dropped I have a fear that a ruling has been made which prohibits re-appointments; but certainly there ought to be exceptions, and as a principle it is rather bad one which I should incline to think Mr. McKinley would not make.

About myself, I never asked for an office in my life and shall not begin now. I could not be Commissioned of Indian Affairs without some special legislation or resign my place in the Army which I would not do. I can say this to you confidentially as a friend, that it would do no harm for anyone of influence to endorse me to the new Administration and urge that my opinions and my work be fairly and fully considered. If though your members of Congress and your Senators you can help on this line I shall be obliged. I may say to you that the Democracy have not had as good a special agent as you since they have been in power. I must beg your pardon for delay in answering, but our Commencement began on the 9th and lasted until the 11th and was so full of demands upon me that I had to let all correspondence go. However, they are moving slowly in the matter of appointments, and I feel sure there is ample time, (Dictated) Mc

187

VOL. 32

BLURRED TEXT

H. Philips,
Indian School,
Tacoma, Wash.

My dear Philips:

Thank you for your ever estimate of me. It would be impossible for me to accept the position of Commissioner of Indian Affairs without special legislation of Congress for I would not under any circumstances after more than thirty-five years of service vacate my place in the Army for political appointment. The fight is on between Hailman and I. We have received here a solicitation to endorse him for continuance in office, and I understand a like document has been sent throughout the School Service. This, of course, shows up the man.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

190

March 16th 1897.

Mr. Burnet S. Reynolds,
1333 Pennsylvania Avenue,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Mr. Reynolds:-

When the package of 100 Washington Standard Guides came, I placed them in the hands of one of our brightest boys to dispose of. He returned the package, having succeeded in disposing of only ten, and I had the remainder sent you by freight yesterday, prepaid. Had our trip to Washington covered a longer time and been of a different character, I think the Guides would have sold better. As it was, we left here at three o'clock Thursday morning, and as soon as we reached Washington at 7 o'clock we had to form in marching order, and what with the waiting to take our position in the parade and the marching in the parade, there was no chance for any liberty for sightseeing for the boys, and no occasion requiring a Guide Book.

I regret that we could not do better for you, but enclose herewith my check for $1.25 covering the ten sold less the 50% discount to the Agent, which you give.

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Mr. R.H. Warner,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Warner:

Yours of the 3rd with enclosed check duly re-
celved, and you have my heartiest thanks for the same. The whole
transaction is closed up with great satisfaction to us all. I am
sure our trip to Washington did the boys a lot of good, forming an
event in many of their lives never equalled in the past nor to be
equalled in the future. That it was most helpful to the school
cause and our Carlisle cause is beyond all question. I have had
numerous encomiums both newspaper and letter.

With many thanks for your kindness and for the courtesy of
your Committee, and especially to the gentleman you appointed to
meet us who at last found us at our place of starting and made him-
self most useful in securing our rights in the line, I am, dear
Mr Warner,

(Dictated)
Mc

191

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Charles Aubrey,

Kipp, Mont.

My dear Mr. Aubrey:

Just a word to say that I believe what we
should do now throughout the whole Service is to make all our work
bear upon an absolute disintegration of the Indian tribes. The
greatest element in influencing this will be opportunities away from
the tribes and a long ways away, and the use of such opportunities.
It seems utterly impossible for the Indian Bureau to do anything
except tribalize. For many years it was entirely unwilling to do
anything in the way of schools. I think I may safely claim that I
broke down this barrier and forced things; but they have captured
the whole Indian school business and utilize it to perpetuate tribalism.
There is not apparently a thought in the Indian Office
in favor of any young Indian doing anything except going back to his
tribe and working for his people, and you know how utterly foolish
that is as a detribalizer.

While in a limited way your idea might be carried out, the ex-
perience of Indian youth in the schools near their reservations has
not been successful, they have rather tended to tribal clannishness
and the schools themselves have given neither courage nor ability to
them to go out and contend with the masses in civilized life. If
you and I could talk things over I am sure we should quite agree.

192

VOL. 32

in reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 16th, 1907.

Mr. J. Everett Green,

98 Lincoln Street,

Weoster, Mass.

My dear friend:

I am pushing hard to catch up with my correspondence
in order that I may run away for a brief interval and bone up on
military for examination for promotion. I do not blame you or any
of my friends for not being with me entirely in my controversy. I
am heartily sick of the bossism of Mr. Herbert Welsh and his coterie
The pretence and hypocrisy of it all is exasperating especially
when it interferes so much with my work. One of the greatest
spoilsmen we have ever had in the Indian Service is Dr. W.N. Hail-
mann, and we need a very different kind of man from him for our su-
perintendent if we make a success of the Indian school work. We
are not at all as well equipped for school officials and teachers
as we were four years ago. Three fourths of those then in the Ser-
vice have been thrown out on account of politics and their places
supplied with politically acceptable people. Mrs. Hailmann runs a
kindergarten school. Out of twenty-two graduates in one class
twenty have been appointed by Hailmann in the Indian School Service;
not through Civil Service examination, but outside of Civil Service.
Nepotism as bad as I have ever known has been practised by those
who manage the Indian Bureau. Welsh and Company, and Hailmann are
stirring heaven and earth to keep Hailmann in the Service. All
the Indian School people have been asked to solicit the President

194

VOL. 32

J. Everett Gr×n.

-2-

to reappoint him. What do you think of that? But the story is too
long. I shall have to keep on even if I have to die a fighting. If
you can get hold of a copy of the School Journal, March 13th, published
in New York, page 336, see the use Hailmann himself makes of an offi-
cial matter. Probably Hailmann wrote every word of it. The other
truck on the same line that comes to me is enough to turn one's stomach.
If Civil Service is such a good thing why cannot it stand a little dis-
cussion? Why must it be so abusive and outrageously false in its alibi
gations. Come and see me sometime.

(Dictated)

Mc

195

VOL. 32

BLURRED TEXT

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., March 16th 1897.

Major J. F. Pond,

Manager Lecture Bureau,
New York City.

My dear Major Pond:-

On her return from Iceland two years ago my daughter came down in the steamer from Akreyri to Scotland with a Mr. Frederick W. W. Howell of Birmingham, England, who had been spending his fourth summer in Iceland, exploring its marvelous geographical features and studying its people, having taken his camera with him in all his journeys. Mr. Howell is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. My daughter was much pleased with him. She now has a letter from him in which he indicates he would like to visit this country this spring to give a series of lectures and he asks her to place him in correspondence with someone who can manage his affairs.

My mind at once turns to you. I send you his circular. My daughter's acquaintance with Mr. Howell establishes him in her mind as a person of very rare qualities, and she thinks he would prove a very popular entertainer on the unusual subjects he gives. But you can judge from his circular. Mr. Howell would like to correspond at once with the person into whose hands he can commit his affairs, and if you can undertake him please write to him as soon as possible addressing your letter to Mr. Freak, W. W. Howell, Highfields, Laurel Road, Handsworth, Birmingham, England. He asks particularly about terms. My daughter would be glad also to know your mind in

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., March 17th, 1897.

Hon. Thos. H. Tongue,
House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:

Our Commencement exercises occured on the 9th, 10th and 11th. I am very sorry that we did not have you with us and shall be pleased to welcome you at any time should you find it practicable to run up and see us in connection with other members of Congress. I will arrange the transportation and endeavor to make your visit agreeable and of use to you.

Sincerely and truly yours,

(Dictated)
Mc

198

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Mr. W.B. Creeger,
Supt. of Schools,
Phoenix, Arizona.

My dear Creigor:

I thank you for your letter of the 8th. There has been a tremendous fight against me but I believe that my foundations have been too strong for them and I shall rather be helped than hurt. I never knew just how you went out of the Service. I am collecting a little information to use if perchance Hailman's desperate efforts to get a renomination should succeed which I do not believe will be the case. After nomination comes conformation. I expect to take a hand in both. If you feel free to write me briefly your own case to put with others I have already and others I expect to get, I should be obliged, and between you and I from what I know I feel assured that I am asking you to do but a patriotic duty.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

199

Rt. Rev. C.C. MacCabe,

Bishop M.E. Church,

Pittsburg, Kansas.

My dear Bishop:

Your kind and most valued letter of the 12th is a
benediction to me and mine. We had our grand Governor and his
good wife and all the state officials with us at our Commencement
as on former occasions. There were fully 500 more people present
in the gymnasium than when you were here though that did not seem
possible. The public interest in my work grows very fast.

I am hoping much from the new President. Though I do not
know Cornelius N. Bliss, he is a great business man and to my mind
a far better selection for that place than any other whose name
was mentioned in connection with it. It is preeminently a business
department. If the President will give us business men for Com-
missioner, Asst. Commissioner, and Superintendent of Schools and
leave out the politicians and such church men as would make church
matters and interests predominate over Government interests, and
will adopt the policy of civilizing the Indian by getting him into
civilization and keeping him civilized by letting him stay, I am
sure the beginning has dawned, and that we may get so near the
termination of the Indian problem during his four years of admin-
istration that things can never go back into tribal and reservation

VOL. 32

200

Rev. C.C. McCabe.

-2-

conditions. But to do it he will have to stand against some church
influences that are wonderfully imbeded and indurated in the Ser-
vice, and will have to end the supervision of some self seeking
philanthropic Indian societies. President McKinley knows me and
my work, was always interested to inquire about it whenever I met
him, and I am hopeful. I never asked an office, and have always
trusted to the demonstration of my work and ideas for success. My
service is much longer, and my experience is far wider and more
varied than that of any other person in Indian work. My judgment
based upon this experience and service would impel me to quit the
policy of pandering to the tribe, by gradually doing away with tri-
bal schools, and schools near the Indians, and establish schools,
each filled with children from as many different tribes as possible,
in the best localities within our civilization, and push Indian
children from such schools out into the family, industrial and
school life of the nation, using the schools as centers of distri-
bution, and in every way work to breakdown reservation systems of
all sorts. What Senator Dawes and his Commission are contending
with now in the Indian Tertitory is simply the result of tribal
systems of education and management, and not the inability of the
Indian to successfully adapt himself to our civilization and make
himself useful in it within one generation. Tribal schools and
systems only perpetuate the tribes in New York State as separate
and peculiar peoples, politically, socially and industrially.

The Indian Bureau struggles to continue and exhibit itself. If
we had an Italian Bureau with a Commissioner, Asst. Commissioner,
clerks, agents, etc., and formed communities of Italians here and

VOL. 32

BLURRED TEXT

VOL. 32

Rev. C.C. MacLabe.

there throughout the United States, that Bureau would do the same thing, and perhaps be fully as effective in keeping the Italians separate, peculiar and apart as the Indian Bureau is in keeping the Indians separate, peculiar and apart.

I have kept out in the public schools of this and adjoining states and in families, earning their own way, an average of about 300 young Indians every winter for the last six or seven years. They go to better schools than any of the young Indians sent to the public schools around Indian reservations, and they have the added advantage of living in cultivated civilized families, taking on our civilization by constant accretion, gaining actually more out of school than in. This is nearly half as many as the Indian Department now keeps out in public schools around the reservations through out the whole Indian Service. Mine cost the Government nothing. They earn their own way and so learn the value of self help which is the best of all help. The Indian Department on the contrary takes care of those it sends out and pays the various schools the children attend $10.00 per capita each quarter. For three years past I have urged to be allowed to keep out from 700 to 800 which I could do quite easily, and have shown by my reports and experience that I could make a vast per capita saving to the Government. Yet I am not allowed to, and what I do and propose to do has obtained no recognition in the reports of the Indian Office, and what the Indian Office has done on this line has been constantly reported as a great accomplishment. I have been officially oppressed and thwarted in many ways by the past Administration, and there is the greatest effort being made by our eastern sentimentalists to keep

Rev. C.C. MacCabe.

-4-

the man in power who has oppressed me, and who would if he could
have driven me out of the Service. We need an active business and
not a school man for Superintendent. We have twice tried profound-
ly theoretical school men as superintendents of Indian Schools, and
both have been a real set back to the work of Indian education and
civilization. General Morgan, as Commissioner, in spite of all my
arguments and protestations could see nothing but what he called
a system of public schools for and among the Indians. I could
not make him see that separate public schools for the Indians and
Indians in our own public schools were as different as day and
night. The one meaning continued Indianism and the other meaning
induction into and absorption in our civilization. Although a
Civil Service reformer, he was decidedly the worst spoilsman con-
nected with the Service within my intimate knowledge of Indian Af-
fairs of now nearly thirty years. Later, Dr. Hailman took up the
same lines and seems utterly incapable of appreciating what I re-
gard as the one and only proper solution of our Indian difficulties.
He also, although a pronounced Civil Service reformer, has been a
great spoilsman. Many of the most efficient men and women we had
in the Indian Service when he went in have disappeared to make pl
places for his friends and former pupils. Mrs. Hailman runs a
kindergarten school. Out of one class of twenty-two a member of the
class states that twenty received appointments as teachers in the
Indian Service. Although the President had ruled that all teach-
ers should pass Civil Service examinations, the technical point
that they were kindergarten teachers and not, therefore, regular
teachers, was allowed to prevail and appointments given them with-

202

VOL. 32

340

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 20th, 1897.

General John Eaton,

The Concord,

Washington, D.C.

My dear General:

I see that Mr. Cabanniss of the Dawes Commission has resigned. I understand that he was one of the most efficient members on the Commission. I wrote to both General Hawley and Senator Proctor yesterday asking them to write Secretary Bliss favoring your appointment on the Commission. I also wrote Pleasants Porter and if I have been correctly informed of Porter's favorable attitude to the purposes of the Commission, I am sure that he will respond. Years ago when I knew him better I regarded him as one of the very best leaders in the five civilized tribes.

Politics and the spoils system of Civil Service have hurt the Indian School Service immensely during the past administration. It is a lie that we have better conditions in the School Service than we had before. It is a lie that we have better or as good employees in the School Service than we had before. It is a lie that the progress in school matters is creditable. There are several other lies out, but this will be enough for this time.

In regard to the Civil Service article you sent, I have learned to know that the newspaper statements made by Washington correspondents are more often to guide the public mind into channels to suit the people who engineer such schemes than they are intended

VOL. 32

Gen. John Eaton.

-2-

to represent truly the case. I have some personal information my-
self in regard to the Senate Committee, from which I see it is plain
that little or nothing will be done this session though some amend-
ments are likely to be proposed. Civil Service will eventually
have th stand or fall on its merits and not on the assertions of
the people who aid it on. Teddie Roosevelt, the great Civil Ser-
gice reformer, was a member of the United States Civil Service Commis-
sion, and doubtless could have stayed on the Commission and been its
chairman. This was the supreme point from which to demonstrate
his ideas, but he leaves that and goes to New York where he becomes
president of the Police Commission. Another point where he has the
fullest and highest opportunity for local administration of his re-
form notions, but he leaves that and goes to the Navy Department
as Assistant Secretary, apparently now beyond the operations of
Civil Service. I like to see a man that can stand by his guns.

With kindest regards to Mrs. Eaton and your family, I am

Yours faithfully,

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

TELEGRAM.

Carlisle, Pa., April 2 Oth, 1897.

Hon. Knute Nelson,

United States Senate, Washington, D.C.

Morning paper says Jones
of Wisconsin, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. My information, an
excellent appointment. R.V. Belt, Assistant Commissioner. No
better appointment could be made.

(Signed) R.H. Pratt.

10.14 A.M.

Postal.

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., April 20th 1997.

The Boston Mfg. Co.,
Bristol, Conn.

Gentlemen:-

Yours of yesterday per W. H. Bacon, Secretary, received.

I have no catalogue, but you may put an agate tip on each of
the rods.

I realize the difficulty you have in making a satisfactory
fly rod. You say nothing about my suggestion of the solid rod, made
small of course and light.

Please return the rods as promptly as possible.

Supt.

(Signed)

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 21st, 1897.

Dear Senator:

I am grateful for yours of yesterday with the Snif-
fen letter and your answer. You hit him right, but you will
doubtless see Mr. Leupp. I suggest you handle him with caution.
The clipping here enclosed is a sample of his insidious methods
in his newspaper correspondence. Col. Green, former editor of
the Worcester Spy, now postmaster at Worcester, Mass., wrote me
a few weeks ago when Leupp's pretended answer to me came out in
the Evening Post, that whenever he saw anything in the Evening
Post he took it for granted that the other side was right.

Mr. Leupp is a member of the Board of Indian Commissioners, which Board, by paragraph 2039, Revised Statutes, is "to be composed of not more than ten persons appointed by the President solely from men eminent for intelligence and philanthropy."

Mr. Leupp is neither an eminent intelligent man nor a phil-
thropist. His whole career as a Washington correspondent has
been spent in abating Government officials and Congress. The

344

VOL. 32

345

Hon. Knute Nelson.

-2-

fact that the Board solicited him for one of its members is
evidence of the Board's decadence, and from my experiences the
time has arrived when the frequent determinations of Congress
to abolish the Board should be carried out. The Board has been
ousted in the Bill by the House two or three times, but restored
by the Senate. It has become a farce so far as the execution
of any of the duties for which it was originally constituted are
concerned. Instead of helping to detect fraud and to protect the
Indians, it has become a general director and regulator to se-
cure appointments of Commissioners, Assistant Commissioners,
Superintendent of Schools, Indian Agents, etc. It is the Tam-
many of the Indian Service.

You see by the clipping I send you how abusive of Congress
Mr. Leupp is, and knowing this quality of his the Board got him
appointed one of its members, and what he says is to have more
emphasis on the alleged grounds that he is "eminently intelli-
gent" and a "philanthropist." At the very same time he is writ-
ing thus of Congress, he is demoralizing the Service by sending
circulars appealing to all School employes, most of whom were
selected or promoted by Dr. Hailman, to memorialize the President
in favor of Hailman's retention. If some employes serving under
Dr. Hailman and appointed, promoted or otherwise favored by him,
may thus memorialize in his favor, why in the name of all that is
fair, is it not equally right and logical that those who know,

VOL. 32

Hon. Knute Nelson.

-3-

or think they know, Dr. Hailman to be unfit for his place, may
not with the same freedom and without criticism or harm to them-
selves in any way, memorialize against him, stating why. I am
under bans because I try to protect my work. I know Dr. Hailman
to be one of the worst spoilsmen in the Indian Service since I
have had connection with it. He has put out many far better su-
perintendents, teachers and other employes than he has appointed,
and put them out because of politics. Favoritism and nepotism
never was more rampant in the Indian Service than it is now, and
if I can have the chance I will prove what I say. Hailman
maneuvers to prevent me getting children for this school. He
maneuvers to prevent me getting the capable employes I need, even
under Civil Service rules. After having sent me several incom-
petent teachers, I asked permission to come to Washington at my
own cost and consider with him the names and papers sent over
from the Civil Service Commission when asking for an employe for
this school, and he answers that it is against the rules of his
Office and also against the rules of the Civil Service Commission
which last is a lie. They tell me at the War Department that if
the engineer in charge of the improvements of the Columbia
River in Oregon, wants a laborer, he writes to the War Depart-
ment and the War Department asks the Civil Service Commission for
certification papers, and when those papers come over to the War
Department the whole bundle is sent to the engineer in Oregon.

346

VOL. 32

347

Hon. Knute Nelson.

-4-

making the request, and he makes the selection from this limited
list. That is the way the War Department manages throughout.
There is some common sense, propriety and justice to the officer
in charge in that system of managing this unreasonable, un-Amer-
ican scheme, but I, who have eight hundred children and seventy-
employes, am not allowed to know anything about any new employe
until they report to me, and then, if incompetent, I am unable to
get rid of them until they have has their probationary period of
trial. From the bad quality of those sent I am under a constant
apprehension of the intention of my superiors. The Assistant
Seamstress sent through the Civil Service Commission, Dr. Hailman
and the Indian Office selection, two weeks ago, is incompetent
and useless to me, and yet I have got to pay her money she does
not earn and keep her until the end of June.

Having suggested this Carlisle School, and having built it
up, I cannot in honor resign, but I assure you, Senator, that any
sort of being found out would be most welcome if present exper-
iences continue. There are other places of usefulness open to
me for the remaining active years of my life where I will not
be subject to such chronic harassment. I have neither said nor
done anything I cannot stand by and meet fully. Your friendship
and interest has been a very bright spot through it all. I shall
"stick" as you advise, at whatever cost, and continue to fight

VOL. 32

Hon. Knute Nelson.

-5-

until some kind of release from the oppressive conditions under
which I am placed is secured.

(Dictated)
Mc

F.S. I return to you the letters and documents of Mr. Herbert
Welsh and his private secretary.

VOL. 32

349

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 20th 1897.

Major W. P. Hall, Adjutant General,
Headquarters of the Army,
Washington, D. C.

Sir:-

It will be a favor to me with reference to my Indian
duties if I may know whether I am likely to be ordered to Leavenworth
immediately after May 27th, or whether the date of my examination
could and would be postponed. The closing of the year's business
and contracts, and the transferring of pupils to and from, occurring
at the close of the old and the beginning of the new fiscal year,
are matters of very considerable detail and importance, and if I
could know the probable date of the order it would be of material
advantage.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 32

3502

I reply to:

Col. J. Roe Young, U. S. Indian Agent,
Pima Agency, Sacaton, Arizona.

My dear Colonel:-

The morning papers announce that Mr. R. V. Belt goes back
as Assistant Commissioner, and that Mr. Jones, of Wisconsin, is to
be Commissioner. Mr. Belt is well known to me, and I shall feel
entirely free to talk to him about any matter. I believe he will
be the power behind the throne. His long and most creditable service
in the Department ended so roughly and unjustly by the last adminis-
tration, will give him additional consequence. I shall take an
early occasion to present your case and to urge your retention and
ask him to do all he can toward it, and I am sure he will do all he
can for me. While of course I may be mistaken, I still think you
may surely rest that you will not be disturbed until your time is
out, and between this and that I hope we may build for you suffici-
ently strong to hold you in the service. Something of course will
depend upon the field force. What changes will be made in the
inspectors and special agents I do not know, but we can unquestion-
ably require that their reports shall be non-partisan and in the
interests of the service. I am thoroughly of the opinion that you
ought to be continued, and believing that shall try to make it so.

In regard to the party of children, I shall be very glad to have
you send me another party after the first of July. The Pimas are in

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 21st 1897.

Edwin L. Chalcraft,
Mt. Vernon, Washington,

My dear Chalcraft:-

We shall be in good shape in a few days in the Indian Office. Mr. Belt goes back as Assistant Commissioner and a Mr. Jones of Wisconsin as Commissioner, who is, I am informed, a man of extraordinary ability and honorable in every way. I would suggest that you write Hon. R. V. Belt, Assistant Commissioner of Indian Affairs, congratulating him upon his return to office and submit the papers in connection with your dismissal to him, and I will take occasion, if you will write to me at the time, to back you up strongly and I can do it.

Hailmann is making a desperate fight supported by the Board of Indian Commissioners and the Indian Rights Association to remain in office, but I feel very sure he cannot succeed. There are too many cases like yours pending against him. What needs to be done is to press the whole lot upon the new administration. I suggest that you manage your own matter direct with the Indian Office. Claim your record and demand restoration as your right and as a vindication. Tell brother Bells to do the same thing. Congress, even the Democratic portion of it, is in no kindly humor on account of the rascally changes made by the last administration.

(Dictated) N.

352

VOL. 32

353

COPY TELEGRAM.

Horton M'f'g. Co.,

Bristol, Conn.

Catalogue received. Use small agate tips, page 28, and small
angi-friction guides, page 31.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via Postal 7.53 P. M.

Night Rate, personal acct.

COPY TELEGRAM.

R. V. Belt,

1314 10th St., N. W.,

Washington, D. C.

Hoora for Hurrah. I congratulate you, the Department and the
cause. It is the first breath of good air and the first streak of
sunshine I have had for many a day. Now the atmosphere will clear
up.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via Postal 10 A. M.

VOL. 32

354

Mr. Frank H. Severance, Editor "Illustrated Buffalo Express,"
Nos. 179 - 181 Washington Street,
Buffalo, New York.

My dear Sir:-

I have just received the half dozen copies of the Express
containing the excellent article on this School. The illustrations
are good, and the account is most satisfactory except in one small
particular. General Miles' claim to any connection with this work
as suggestor or promoter of it, is fallacious. I say this of course
confidently, but I could give you an account of our relations in
the beginning which would entirely do away with what he claims in
his book. He did not in the remotest way suggest or help and I defy
the official and other records to contradict my statement. The
facts are that the suggestion is entirely my own, and of this I have
full record. What led to it was the sending of the Indian prisoners
to Florida under my care, and for this act General Sheridan was
responsible and to some extent against Gen. Miles' judgment. How-
ever Gen. Miles' claim may forward the cause and we can leave the
final history to settle the credit. Another church historian and
biographer claimed in the life of President Anderson of Rochester
University, that he was the suggester of it. That was equally untrue
However, I did not mean to criticize and hope you will take what I

VOL. 32

Mr. F. H. Severance, page 2.

sent in the spirit on which it is given.

I am very greatly obliged to you for the handsome article and
the thoroughness with which you have presented us, and I would be
greatly pleased to have you visit us and see the school for yourself.

This letter of course is private.

(Dictated)
N.

355

VOL. 32

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT

Carlisle, Pa.; April 21st 1897.

Miss Alice G. Fletcher,
214 First Street, S. E.,
Washington, D. C.

My dear Miss Fletcher:

Harriet goes to you tomorrow for how long a visit I do not know. You know Harriet quite as well as I do, and you know she is inclined to intrigue. The Nez Perce girls here were all quite willing to stay and complete their education, at least they had decided to stay another year any how until Harriet came. Now they are all anxious to go home, and not only that but they are so rampant that all the other girls have gotten the same spirit, and I am now sorry for Harriet's visit, which I encouraged and thought would do good. I have said nothing to her about it yet. The boys are wiser. Levi Jonas has told them how things are and those he entitled to go home have expressed their willingness to stay because of the bad situation out there. I was there last year and it is not a place for girls or boys either. Perhaps in a quiet way you can turn Harriet without her knowing it, and have her cast her influence in favor of the girls remaining. Effie Spenser, Alice Hays and Annie Parnell are all entitled to go home this year, but they are in good health and capable of going on to much better things in education.

With kindest regards to you and Miss Gay and Frank from us

VOL. 32

356

357

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 22nd 1897.

Hon. Knute Nelson,
U. S. Senate,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Senator:-

I have the letter Mr. Rice sends you and the Indian Rights Association leaflet he encloses, and this morning you have my letter and proposed reply to the Secretary's letter. It is entirely evident that Welsh, Leupp & Co., are either the attorneys for the Civil Service Commission or are the managers of it. Your last letter to Mr. Welsh has plainly reached Mr. Rice via Mr. Leupp and the last sentence stings, showing that we took the right course.

By Mr. Rice's letter Leupp is apparently mendacious. If I have ever solicited the withdrawal of the Secretary's letter, I do not know it. What I have wanted, and what I understand your letter to the Secretary to demand, is that my statements shall be verified. There is nothing in anything I have said or written to the Secretary or anyone in official position that would indicate that I desired the letter withdrawn, but everything indicates that I have intended and do intend to force (not request) its withdrawal.

As soon as I got hold of Mr. Leupp's pretend reply to my article on "The Uncivility of the So-Called Civil Service Reform," I replied to it in the Red Man, see copy of the Red Man herein enclosed. I also printed in the Red Man, 4000 copies of which were sent

VOL. 32

358

Hon. Knute Nelson, page 2.

all over the country, besides Mr. Leupp's pretended reply, another
article by Mr. Leupp from "City and State," (Mr. Welsh's paper) and
also an abusive reply by Mr. Welsh and an assault by Dr. W. Hays
Ward. Turn to the last two pages of the Red Man, note the articles
marked and on the first and second pages please read the marked
articles. If you had time to read my first article, "The Uncivility
of the So-Called Civil Service Reform," and then read and analyze
Mr. Leupp's reply, you will find that his is no answer at all. My
article attacks Civil Service methods as a whole, in the Republican
as well as the Democratic administration. I stated facts taken
from the Official Reports; that they were facts from beginning to
end I shall be glad to prove as well as all I said in both the
January and February numbers of the Red Man. You do not find
with Mr. Welsh or Mr. Leupp honorable enough to print what I say
and answer it, but both garble.

Note the closing paragraph of Mr. Leupp's article as I reprint
it from the New York Evening Post and as it is printed in the
Indian Rights Association leaflet. The leaflet omits the finishing
slur on me which appeared in the Evening Post. I have marked the
place in the Red Man with three parallel lines.

I have additional western testimony of the difficulties
Superintendents meet under the Hailman methods of administrating
Civil Service in the Indian Schools, which if things will only come
to an issue I can use. One Supt. writes that he has his fourth cook
since Sept. last and the present cook is worthless. He also states
that six employes ordered to report to him have declined their
appointments, thus in the delay causing great inconvenience and harm

VOL. 32

359

Hon. Krute Nelson, page 3.

in the progress of the school work, and those who do report are so useless he has resorted to the use of his inefficient Indian students. Another Supt. writes of having the third baker since Sept. last and the one now there cannot bake bread fit to eat, and that a change is ordered to be made for an old woman from a remote school who had travelled pretty much over the Service and is evidently a chronic disgruntled crank. Another Supt. writes of his inability to get any means with which to repair his school and that he has had half of his school in tents, which condition Dr. Hailman saw himself, while schools to which relatives of Hailman and Browning have been sent appear to have no trouble in getting ample and apparently unnecessary buildings. All three of these superintendents are hoards from the former Republican administrations and what they have experienced is simply a part of the same grinding process to make them quit.

I keep a copy of Mr. Rice's letter and return you the original, and the Indian Rights Association leaflet.

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., April 23, 1897.

Rev. Dr. James Stewart,

Lovedale, South Africa.

My dear Doctor:

For the third or fourth time I am going to attempt to reach you by mail at the above address which you left with me. I have in my drawer in the safe a sum of money you left with me stating that you would need something from America which you would get me to purchase for you. Your check was for $200. The wagon was $60.00, the harness $16.43, and the freight $5.60, making $82.03, which left a balance of $117.97. $100 I put in Bank on a 3% certificate on Nov. 6th, 1893. On this there is nearly three years and a half interest making $10.50 more, in all $128.47. Will you please advise me what disposition to make of it.

My daughter visited England two years ago and stopped in Glasgow. She used the card you so kindly left for me, but Mr. Stephen and his family were away so she had not the pleasure of meeting them. She was in company with Miss Jessie Ackerman, our great W.C.T.U. missionary, and also Miss Ruth Shaffner of my corps of helpers here. They were handsomely treated, being

VOL. 32

Rev. Dr. James Stewart.

-2-

guests everywhere they went, and spent a week at Eastnor Castle as the guests of Lady Henry Somerset. They also spent a month in Iceland and travelled across from the southern capitol to the northern capitol on horse back.

Time has used us kindly and we have grown very much since you were here. Our pupil population is quite a little above 800, and we have made large changes in our buildings and facilities. I send you one of our souvenir picture books.

We often think of you at our house and of the very delightful visit you and Mrs. Stewart gave to us, and have often wished that we might return your visit in your far away home. I seriously considered a trip with a lot of missionaries on a special steamer, taking in Africa, Australia and the islands in the Southern Pacific where our American missionaries labor, but was compelled to give it up. Daughter and I, however, went across our own continent and visited Alaska, probably one of the most delightful tourist trips in the world.

We all hope you may come to America again and if you do you must make Carlisle as much of a home as you possibly can. With the hope that you and Mrs. Stewart are in good health, and with most cordial greetings to you both from all of us

361

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 32

362

Hon. Hayter Reed,

Ottawa, Canada.

My dear Sir:

I would be very greatly obliged if I might have copies
of your Canada Indian Office reports for several years back to go
into my Teachers' Library. Frequently questions in regard to
Canada Indian management come up which your reports would facilitate answers to.

Indirectly I have heard of your promotion to the general
management of Indian Affairs for all Canada, and I congratulate
you.

When are we to take that trip among your Indians in the far
north west? I send you a little souvenir of the school which
may interest you.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., April 23rd 1897.

A. G. Spalding & Bros.,
1216 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia,

Gentlemen:-

I have your note advising that there would be no charge
on the front and rear sprockets I ordered from you a few days ago,
and am very greatly obliged to you for your courtesy in this matter.

N.

VOL. 32

364

in reply to:

OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Miss Josephine Wisner,
13 West 12th Street,
New York.

Dear Madam:-

I must insist upon making answer to your note of approval
of Mr. Welsh and criticism of me.

By your note I see that you do not appreciate Mr. Welsh's methods
for he pursues the very road you condemn and does it in an underhanded
way. He has had no practical dealing or responsibility with the
Indians and yet he assumes to dictate in matters he knows little
about and in which he has no responsibility to stand for. I have
been entrusted for eighteen years with the responsibility of this,
the largest, Indian School, and have had Indians by hundreds under my
care for the past twenty-five years, and after bearing most harmful
conditions to the whole Indian service brought about by Mr. Welsh's
peculiar methods, my duty would not be accomplished did I not pro-
test against these conditions and endeavor to bring about better
things. I have ten approvals for my course for one of disapproval.

I would suggest that if you were truly interested in the pro-
motion of the Indian cause you would wish to know all sides. If the
Red Man condemns those people you uphold, it also has been honorable
enough to publish in full, in connection with our answer thereto,
the attacks made upon us by those people - our enemies, - (see February
Red Man) while the circulars sent out by Mr. Welsh but garble our
articles. However, at your request, we will send you no more copies
of the Red Man.

Capt, 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt.

N.

VOL. 32

365

9

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

To

The Editor of "The Pathfinder,"

424 New Jersey Avenue,
Washington, D. C.

My dear Sir:-

I desire to thank you most heartily for your very good reproduction of the picture of our last graduating class and your concise and comprehensive account of our aims here at Carlisle, and for the prominence you give to both in your excellent paper for April 17th. It will greatly help our cause.

N.

VOL. 32

366 9

In reply to:

Mrs. Sara T. Kinney,

New Haven, Connecticut.

My dear Mrs. Kinney:

I will gladly loan you the cut. It has already
done service in the "Pathfinder" of Washington, and will doubtless be
wanted again so please have it returned promptly.

I share all your rejoicing over Isabella's triumph. If we
could multiply her experience a few score of times scattered here
and there, we should have practically conquered the situation.
The nurses are winning a vast change of sentiment for us also, and
some of my good farm boys and girls ditto.

The cut goes to Miss Burbank by express.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

367

9

R.V. Belt,

1314 Tenth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Belt:

Seeing in the news from Washington that Mr. Jones
and you had both been offered and accepted the respective positions
of Commissioner and Assistant Commissioner, in the Phila. Press,
New York Tribune, New York Sun, the Evening Post and other papers,
I took it for granted that it was a dead sure thing and felt cor-
respondingly elated as my telegram to you indicated. Now, that
your name has not been sent in and Mr. Jones's has, I feel corres-
pondingly depressed and wish the newspaper men were in Ballyhack.
Of course, it is none of my business, but if you feel inclined to
let me know how the land lays and what is the matter I shall be
very greatly obliged to you.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

368, 9

Supt. G.L. Pigg,
Riverside School,
Anadarko, Okl. Ty.

My dear Mr. Pigg:

I do not know that ever in the history of the Indian Service we have had a more strenuous fight made to keep a man in office than is now being made to keep Hailman in. The Indian Rights Association, the Board of Indian Commissioners, and educational people have all been solicited in his behalf, and not one of them seems to know what kind of a man he is. I have been making a lone fight and am keeping it up much to my own present detriment I anticipate. Misrepresentation is in control.

I am glad to get your letter of the 5th. It adds to many other facts along the same line. I may be summoned before a Committee of the Senate. If I am I intend to tell not only my own difficulties, but the difficulties of other superintendents, and to indicate a number of directions in which their inquiries can be made profitably A strong fight is being made also to keep Baldwin in. I can imagine what is the matter.

(Dictated)

VOL. 32

In reply to

Carlisle, Pa., April 24th 1897.

Mr. Stuart Wood,
400 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia.

My dear Sir:-

Your note of disapproval reached me sometime ago, and I
had intended to answer it before but necessarily our Commencement
and other matters have crowded out much writing that I ought to have
done.

"Reform" as administered I wish to say that my experience with Civil Service proves it not to be part of the Government of the people, for the people and by the people. It proves that it is one of the most incompetent methods of securing employes for the Government that could be originated, that it is strictly monarchical in its administration and trends that way constantly, that it does not offer free open chance to everybody, but prevents such freedom, that there is just as much politics in it as in the old system, and in the hands of spoilsmen it is quite as complete a spoils system and as full of nepotism as the old system; in fact the record of the past five years in the Indian service will show grosser acts of injustice and equally as great wrongs to individuals and the service by dismissals and appointments. The complications and red tape of it are excessive and unbearable to even those who are used to complicate-

369

VOL. 32

Mr. Stuart Wood, page 2.

tions and red tape. The best evidence of its being wrong is the
touchiness of its advocates, who are unlimited in their criticism
and abuse of those who do not fully agree with them, and who are
utterly unwilling to know the facts, and who result to the most
questionable methods of publishing and circulating their ideas and
defaming in the most dishonorable way the character of those who,
having particular experience, see the faults and inadequacy of the
so-called "Reform." The reformers appear to have retired absolutely
from their original position that civil service was to give
continuous tenure of office.

(Dictated)
N.

Yours sincerely,

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Sept.

370

VOL. 32

in reply to

My dear Miss Haines:-

I am using Nana's left hand to answer quite a lot of
letters too long delayed.

I was glad to get your kindly note and disappointed that all
my plans for seeing you should come to naught, as they did. Better
luck next time.

I like to go to the Vaux's. They treat me so like one of the
family, and it is such a delightful family to be one of.

A letter from Japan brings the sad news of the death of Dr. Henry Hartshorne, whom we used to meet so pleasantly at Mohonk.

What do you think, Mrs. Pratt is riding the wheel! She was in
town on the streets yesterday in company with another of our ladies,
and we shall be making long trips together shortly I hope. I have
become a regular crank on the subject.

We shall not be satisfied until we have a visit from you. Why
cannot you and your Mother come up and spend several days with us?
It would do you both good, and do us good, too.

Mrs. Pratt and Nana join me in most cordial remembrances.

(Diated)
N.

Miss Mary Morton Haines,
Cheltenham,
Pa.

371

VOL. 32

In reply to

Miss Ella C. Abbott,
Sterling, Mass.

My dear Miss Abbott:-

Thanks for your kindly note and the assurance of your
continued interest. I have only to say, as we often have to in this
life, that

"There's a Divinity that shapes our ends,

Rough-hew them how we will,"

and I believe that is the case with you as it has been with me. Your
duty is where you are or you would not be there. That may be a
little Calvinistic, but it seems to me well to take things
Calvinistically in life. It saves a deal of worry.

We all hope that you may visit us again.

With best wishes,

Fraternally yours in the work,

(Dictated) Mc.

N.

372

VOL. 32

374

Hon. H. L. Dawes,

Pittsfield, Mass.

My dear Senator Dawes:-

I see you are to have Mr. Needles on your Commission, and I fear you have got a politician. I was in hopes it would be different.

The little glimpses of you in the Secretary's Office and at the Hotel in Washington were a real pleasure.

A letter from a Helper subscriber in Pittsfield encloses a letter from another party who claims that she read the Helper to Mrs. Martin often and that through that Mrs. Martin was probably led to leave us the legacy. Isn't that interesting? However, I believe the interest of yourself and family had much more to do with it. We are wondering when the legacy will probably be available. Could you give me an idea?

My fight is still on. Senator Nelson of Minnesota is standing shoulder to shoulder with me, and though the enemy be a host we shall try to make a Thermopylae of it.

With love from us all to Mrs. Dawes and Miss Dawes and your grandchild self,

VOL. 32

375

In reply to:

OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa., April 24, 1897.

Dr. Carlos Montezuma,

100 State Street,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Doctor:

If you want to go to San Carlos any time after the first of July, as matters now appear, I should be very glad to have you do so in our interests, and will arrange it. We can do nothing in the way of receiving or returning pupils until after the first of July on account of the condition of our appropriation.

We are all very sorry, indeed, to hear of your illness, and trust that your complete recovery may be speedily accomplished. You are on right lines, Doctor, unquestionably, and the only thing to be done is to keep up the fight. A little paragraph that came to me yesterday reads this way. "Statesmanship consists in being right even though standing alone, and hanging on until the minority becomes majority." Now, that is good doctrine for both of us.

Mr. Standing and Norman have gone down to Nashville to install the Indian Department Exhibit.

VOL. 32

Dr. Carlos Montezuma.

-2-

Things are greatly at loggerheads between the Department
and Carlisle, but we shall soon have a new administation in the
Indian Office. Mr. Jones of Wisconsin has been nominated and
will probably be confirmed the next session of the Senate, Wed-
nesday next. This will be a start towards cleaning out the
Department. When it is cleaned out, I hope a radical change in
sentiment there in favor of Carlisle.

Keep up your correspondence with me and some time in June
I can indicate to you more definitely what we can do about San
Carlos. All Carlisle join me in love to you.

[Dictated]
Mc

VOL. 32

Hon. John Tweedale, Treasurer, etc.,
Chief Clerk, War Department,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:

I have Gen. Boynton's circular, and herewith enclose
dues for 1896 which the receipt of the circular would indicate I
one, as membership fee in the Society of the Army of the Cumberland.

(Diated)
Mc

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., April 25th 1897.

My dear Mr. Standing;—

I enclose you a side light on the Belt Assistant Commissionship. There is nothing else that would interest you especially.

The sale went off yesterday and we practically gave away everything. The highest bid we could get on the 40 H. P. boiler back of the engine room was $10.00, and I thought I would let it stand there and trust. We got $13.00 for the boiler in the old laundry, and $35.00 for the engine, and $25.00 for the 3 H. P. engine and boiler. Dapple brought $40.00.

There will be nothing done in Washington until Thursday.

Please return enclosures.

All well.

(Distributed)
N.

A. J. Standing,
Exposition,
Nashville, Tennessee.

379

VOL. 32

380

In reply to:

My dear Mr. Belt:-

I have your letter this morning and as events are crowding
and a day's time may make vital difference, and as I would like to
do anything that I might do to help the service to obtain your
efficient help in the control of Indian affairs, I write at once.

It seems to me the last man for the Secretary or the President
to consider in anything they may do is Mr. Pettigrew. Having gone
as far as he did there was nothing for Mr. Bliss to do but to stand
by you loyally and he himself should have undertaken to meet the
opposition, and not you. Though I do not usually do such things, I
am greatly inclined to write Senator Allison, whom I know very well,
and who is willing to listen to me. But I would rather have your
judgment about it before I do. One thing is certain, the President
ought to get rid of the present Assistant Commissioner, and as
quickly as possible.

When I saw in the papers that you had received the offer and
had accepted, I telegraphed at once to Senator Nelson of Minnesota,
who has been especially friendly to me, saying that "no better
appointment could be made." I supposed from what the papers said
that your name had already gone into the Senate.

I think your policy of waiting, a good one. It indicates your
willingness to have your record investigated, but I shall continue
to hope that nothing will prevent your receiving the office.

VOL. 32

Mr. R. V. Belt, page 2.

It is too bad Senator Teller is not there, because he could do
something with Mr. Pettigrew. If you have not already done so, why
don't get to Mr. Teller the facts just as you have given them to me?
He and Mr. Pettigrew, as you know, have practically managed the
Indian Bill in the Senate the last two years, and of course Mr.
Teller understands Mr. Pettigrew.

I return herewith the copy of your letter to Senator Allison
and your account of the interview with Mr. Pettigrew.

(Dictated)
N.

Hon. R. V. Belt,

1314 Tenth Street, N. W.,
Washington, D. C.

381

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 26th, 1897.

Miss Annie Lockwood,

Indian School,

Albuquerque, N. Mex.

Dear Annie:

Your letter received just a month ago, has been laid aside because of the press of work, until I could find time to write you. I am so very glad, as are all Carlisle, to know that you are growing stronger, and are able to be as busy and happy as you are. I understand your ambition to work into higher lines, but I really believe it would be much better for you to give yourself longer time to surely recover your health. With good health really established, I believe that the way will open for you to go on with your education.

I am very glad that you have been under the fatherly care of Mr. McCowan. I think it would be well for you to talk over your wishes with him and he, being with you, will perhaps be able to advise you even better than I could do at this distance.

Yes, we had a splendid time in Washington and our experience in the Inaugural Parade did great good for Carlisle and all Indian work. Our Commencement exercises followed close upon the Wash-

382

VOL. 32

ington trip and were as successful and helpful. I send you a copy
of the last Red Man which gives an account of the exercises.

You have probably noticed by a recent Helper that Baby Wheel-
ock's name is Richard Edmund, and that we had a very pretty
christening service one Sunday afternoon. Louisa and the baby
have gone to Dennison's home in Wisconsin to visit and we receive
accounts of the young man's good health and growth. I wish you
were here that I could take a ride with you. I am glad you have
a wheel, and I am sure it will do you great good. We have had
splendid wheeling weather here lately and Nana and I have had
some long rides together.

Mrs. Pratt, Nana and all join me in love to you.

Faithfully your friend,

(Dictated N)
Mc

383

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 26, 1897.

J. I. Williams,

2415 South Bancroft St.,
Philadelphia.

Dear Isaac:

Your letter of March 10th came just in the midst of our
Commencement busy time, and since then I have been so very busy
that I have not had the time to write you.

I was very glad to hear from you after your long silence, and
to know that you are getting along so well and have made a home
for yourself. I hope you will come and visit us soon. It would
do you good to see how we have grown. Many of the boys and girls
have already gone out to the country and each week finds our number
here smaller. I send you a souvenir of the school and a copy of
the last Red Man which will picture to you some of the improvements.

I hope you will write me from time to time and let me know how
you are getting on.

With best wishes for your wife and yourself, I am

Your friend,

(Dictated N)
Mc

VOL. 32

in reply to:

Miss R. Mathes,

Cubero, New Mexico.

Dear Miss Mathes:

Your letter of March 23rd came to me some time ago,
and I directed that the copies of the Red Man which you wished should
be sent to you. I am very grateful to you for your good wishes,
and appreciate
especially your commendation coming as it does from the heart of
the Indian country.

We should be glad to have you come and see us at Carlisle
should you ever be so far East.

(Dictated N)
Mc

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Carlisle. Pa., April 26th, 1897.

Miss Nancy Cornelius,

20 Jefferson Street,

Hartford, Connecticut.

Dear Nancy:

It was a disappointment to us, as well as to you, that you could not come to our Commencement. I hope next year you can arrange to be with us.

We have had such good accounts of Isabel, and I am proud of her accomplishments. She is carrying out Carlisle ideas. Cora is very well, and getting along nicely in the school. I am glad to know that your eyes are improving and trust you will have no more set-backs from them.

Mrs. Pratt, Nana and I, and all Carlisle join in love to you.

Faithfully your friend,

(Dictated by N.)

Mo

VOL. 32

In reply to:

Alice O. Leeds,

Corner F and Copper Aves.,

Albuquerque, N. Mexico.

Dear Alice:

It is always a pleasure to hear from you. Nana and I often speak of our visit to you, and I feel proud that you are sticking to your work. I think it would be much better for you to keep on as you have begun than to go to an Indian school. You are doing well for yourself and more for your people as you are now, than you could do if you went back to the associations of an Indian school, even though you did get a little more money for your work. You are an individual American girl now. In the school you would be one of a class.

I hope you will send me your picture, for I should be glad to have it. Give my love to Stiya, and tell her I am happy to know she is growing stronger. Remember me to all the girls and believe me

lieve me

(Dictated N)
Mc

VOL. 32

388

In reply to:

Philips White,

Pine Ridge Agency,

South Dakota.

Dear Philip:

You have taken the right course to get the news regularly from Carlisle, in subscribing for the Helper. As soon as your letter came I handed the ten cents to Miss Burgess and she said she would see that the paper was sent you.

I am always interested in any of the boys and girls that have been at Carlisle and am glad to hear from them, especially when they can report, as you do, that they are working. I wish, however, that you would find work away from the reservation, for I know it would mean much more development to you. You know we are influenced by our surroundings.

You would find a number of your old friends and teachers here should you come back to Carlisle. Mr. Standing, Miss Ely, Miss Burgess, Miss Cutter, Miss Carter, Mr. Wheelock and a number of others are still with us. I shall hope to receive the letter you promise telling about the returned students.

With best wishes.

Your friend,

(Dictated by N)

VOL. 32

389

In copy to:

Andrew Red Duck,

Lapwai, Idaho.

Dear Andrew:

I am glad to know that you have so pleasant recollec-
tions of Carlisle, and I hope you also remember the principles of
Carlisle and will carry them out. It is always a pleasure to
hear from the returned students, and to know how they are getting
along. As you probably know, Julia Jonas's mother, her brother,
Levi, and Mrs. Harriet Stewart, are with us now and have brought
us news from your home. I often think of Lapwai and of my visit
there last summer. You have a beautiful country, but the condi-
tion of the Indians is a most pitiable one to me. Your receiv-
ing so much money without any effort at earning it is your great-
est danger. I wish that you Carlisle boys and girls, who can see
these conditions, would break away from them and go out and take
your part in the work of the country. Carlisle gave you the start
and you are capable of making your own way anywhere. Only re-
member that you must work out your own salvation.

Your friend,

(Dictated N)
Mc

VOL. 32

390

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 26th 1927.

Joseph Culbertson, Jr.,
Poplar, Montana.

Dear Joseph:-

Your letter of the 7th reached me several days ago, and I was glad to hear from you, and to know especially that you had ambitions outside of the reservation. I am pleased to know that you are doing something, but I hope you will reach out to more independent lines. I should like to see all my Carlisle boys, instead of falling back upon the Government for positions, go out into the world and show that they are capable among the other men of the country and can pursue their livelihood away from Indian surroundings. I shall always follow your course with great interest.

I send you a copy of the Red Man giving an account of our Commencement exercises and a picture of the graduating class.

The trees are beginning to leave and the campus is beautifully green, while the farmers are busy in their spring sowing, and active life has begun out of doors.

With best wishes for you,

Faithfully your friend,

N.

VOL. 32

391

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Carlisle, Pa., April 26th 1997.

Mrs. A. E. W. Robertson,

Muscogee, Indian Territory.

My dear Mrs. Robertson:-

Your delightful letter came during our Commencement busy
times and since then I have been so pressed with official duties
that I have been unable to acknowledge your good wishes before. After
your long experience with Indians, I appreciate especially your
approval.

We should be very glad to have you and your daughter visit us,
and I know you would enjoy particularly being here on one of our
Commencement occasions. I should like very much next year to have
a gathering in of our first workers, and I wish Miss Alice might
think and plan for that. We have our exercises usually the last
week in February. They were deferred this year on account of the
epidemic of measles we had.

I take pleasure in sending you a copy of our souvenir, which
you may not have seen, and the last number of the Red Man giving full
accounts of the Commencement, by both of which you will see some-
thing of the growth of the School.

With cordial remembrances for yourself and Miss Alice and your
family, in which Mrs. Pratt joins, I am,

N.

VOL. 32

3923

In reply to:

Prof. Duffield,

Princeton University,

Princeton, New Jersey.

My dear Sir:-

Howard Gansworth, a graduate of this School of the class of '94, has continued his studies in Dickinson College Preparatory School and last year entered the Freshman class of the College. He aspires to a course in Princeton, and says he can arrange it, that he has been in correspondence with you and desires an introduction.

Throughout his whole school life at Carlisle, now covering five years, Howard has shown himself to be a clean, bright, studious young man, just the kind of material any educational institution would be pleased with, and I can recommend him to you most highly. We shall miss his helpful services and his upright example among our students greatly. Any help you may find it practicable to give him, will be greatly appreciated by me and his many friends at Carlisle.

(Dictated) N

VOL. 32

393

OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

O.H. Bale,

Knightstown, Ind.

My dear Mr. Bale:

I would like to know what kind of a teacher
you think Gertrude Simmons would now make. Application has been
made to me for a place for her here. Being an Indian, she is en-
titled to enter the Service without Civil Service examination, but
I want a good teacher. I know of her fine oratorical powers, but
whether she has the character, qualities and qualifications for a
teacher, I should like to know.

How are you? What are you doing? We are expecting a
house cleaning by and by, when we get a new administration in the
Indian Office. Things have gone well with us this year except
for some differences I have had with the management. Our school
has been larger than ever and more successful.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

394

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., April 27th, 1897.

H. Philips,

Puyallup Indian School,
Washington.

My dear Mr. Philips:

I have just received yours of the 20th. The
appointment of the Commissioner is not yet confirmed, and the
Assistant Commissioner has not been nominated, although the papers
everywhere stated that he had, so that the same influences are
in control in the Indian Office. The Senate has adjourned for
a week on account of the Grant Ceremonies in New York, and there
will be no conformation until then. When the conformation is made
there will, I fear, be but slow movement in changing the flow
of Dr. Hailman's methods. There is a possibility that he may con-
tinue, at least until his commission expires next January, be-
cause of no end of urgency on the part of the Indian Rights Asso-
ciation, Board of Indian Commissioners and educators throughout
the country. I am in the fight to stay. There is no other
course. The end is not yet. I wish I could help you, but my
hands are absolutely tied. Rakestraw is potent, and the Superin-
tendent of Indian Schools vindictive. Of course, I shall never
be forgiven for my course, and either he or I must quit the Sen-

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., April 28th 1897.

Mr. C. W. Berntheizel, Mgr.,
Dickinson School of Law,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

Replying to your note of yesterday in reference to the
play, "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde," which you propose to give for
the benefit of your library, I have to advise you that owing to
the various society entertainments here on Friday evening there
will probably be few of the students from here who will go to your
entertainment, but that several of the faculty have signified
their intention of being present and have secured tickets.

N.

VOL. 32

399

Supt. W. P. Campbell,

Wind River Boarding School,

Shoshone Agency, Wyoming.

My dear Mr. Campbell:-

I thank you for yours of the 19th and the invitation to
your region for fishing. I note what you say and have the Outlook
and Good Government. Good Government has come to me from several
sources. The Indian Rights Association is industriously circulating
the letter, not only among the school people but among Members of
Congress. We will have to wait and see what will be the outcome of
the difference. It is probably fighting myself out of the service
or fighting myself in, in which last event I shall be the better
prepared to come your way if the interests of Carlisle will favor.

We are patiently waiting for the changes in the Indian Office.

Did you get a solicitation for a memorial from your school to
have Dr. Hailman retained? I got one here and hear of it pretty
generally throughout the service. That in itself will probably
make it impossible for Hailman to be continued.

We are having perfect weather here now. The trees are just
coming out, the grass is fresh and green and the air is delicious.

All are well. This has been the biggest year we have had in
numbers and progress. 383 children are out already, and nearly
100 more are to go out this week. We shall not have less than 550
out during the summer.

With kind regards to Mrs. Campbell and the family,
(Distated) N.

VOL. 32

400 5

Carlisle, Pa., April 30th 1897.

W. W. Newall, Sec., etc.,
Cambridge, Mass.

My dear Sir:-

I have yours of the 13th asking me to become a member of
your Folk Lore Society. My trouble is that I am overburdened with
work and cannot now meet the demands of legitimate duty. If I had
the time I should be very glad indeed to meet with your Association.

Yours very truly,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 32

401 5

Dear General:-

I have forwarded your two letters in regard to Dr. Jackson to Dr. Spinning and have added a word of emphasis in behalf of your plan.

I enclose copy of reply to the circulation of the Secretary's letter, which I intend sending to Secretary Bliss and publishing in the Red Man.

I am patiently awaiting the change in the Indian Office.

N.

Gen. John Eaton,

"The Concord,"

Washington, D. C.

VOL. 32

403 5

Major C. A. H. McCauley, Q. M., U. S. A.,
1428 Arch Street,
Philadelphia.

Sir:-

I have the honor to forward herewith Forage Requisition
in duplicate for my two private horses for the month of May 1897.

N.

VOL. 32

405

Carlisle, Pa., May 1st 1897.

To the Adjutant General, U.S. A.,
Washington, D. C.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty, in charge of this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved June 27th, per S. O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O., August 23rd, and Letter of Instructions from the Honorable Secretary of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

My address for the next month is as above.

N.

VOL. 32

406

Carlisle, Pa., May 1st 1897,

To the Adjutant,

10th U. S. Cavalry,

Fort Assiniboine, Montana.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under provision of the Act of Congress, approved June
27th, per S. O. No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O., August
23rd and Letter of Instructions from the Honorable Secretary of the
Interior, dated September 8th, all 1879.

N.

Capt. 10th Cavalry, U. S. A.,
Supt.

VOL. 32

407

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., May 1st 1897.

My dear Mr. Standing:-

There is absolutely nothing new to write you, but what
you have probably already seen.

Dawson goes back as Chief Clerk of the Interior Department, and
Womack is reduced to a law clerkship. Nothing is settled about the
Indian Office.

Julia Jonas is till alive, but is certainly near the end, and
I am making arrangements to let the mother take the body home.

We are having a heavy north-eastern gale this afternoon, which
brings the much needed rain. The fires on the mountains have been
raging for the past several days, and the heavy rain will probably
quench them as well as help the vegetation.

With greetings from us all,

(Dictated)
N.

Mr. A. J. Standing,
Interior Dept., Govt. Building,
Exposition,
Nashville, Tennessee.

410

Carlisle, Pa., May 3rd 1897.

To the Honorable,

The Secretary of the Interior,

Washington, D. C.

Sir:-

In a business letter the Presbyterian missionary among the Pimas of Arizona, Rev. Chas. H. Cook, who has been the moral mainstay of those people for more than 25 years and who has done a very great work for them, asks me to intercede for the retention in the Service of Col. J. Ros Young, the present Agent.

I visited the Pima Agency last summer and in the course of three days there saw something of Col. Young's work and learned something of what he was doing and planning to do. He was a visitor here at Carlisle a few days about two years ago, and since that time I have corresponded with him quite a little as we have about forty children from his Agency. This limited personal knowledge of Col. Young confirms the Missionary's estimate and leads me to hope your inquiries may demonstrate that the interests of the Service favor his retention as Agent. Col. Young has far more children belonging to his Agency in school than any of his predecessors, filling not only his home schools, but sending considerable numbers to remote schools.

With great respect,

Your obedient servant,

(Dictated)

VOL. 32

411

Carlisle, Pa., May 3rd 1897.

Dear Senator Dawes:-

I thank you for yours of the first. If I can get hold of
the legacy before the end of June, it will be a most providential
thing in helping me out of an ugly box. A storm last fall pulled
down our shops when in process of erection and damaged other build-
ings to the extent of about $2,000.00. I had authority immediately
of course to repair damages with my present appropriation, but
submitted to the Department that inasmuch as it was an unexpected
tax upon my appropriation that Congress be asked to add that amount
to the appropriation for next year with authority to make it
immediately available. In pursuance of the Indian Office's policy
against me my request was notallowed to go to Congress. If I had
found it out in time and had gone down myself the Committee would
have given it, as the Chairmen of both Committees informed me that
had it come to them they would have given it to me had they known
the circumstances.

Hereafter I have been able when in an emergency of this kind
to go to the Department to get it to take our manufactured harness,
and this has yielded me several thousand dollars. The present
control seeing my fix and carrying out their policy towards me
purchased nearly 500 sets of harness, such as we make, in Chicago in
January, and have so far as I can learn, now barred me out of that
resource, so that I shall have to in some way raise about $4,000.00
to meet our obligations for the year, which would have been met

VOL. 32

412

Senator Dawes, page 2.

requested nicely by the appropriation, perfectly proper, and by the sale of our harness. I may mention to you, Senator, in addition to the above that in the purchase of the harness in Chicago, the Department paid just about $5.00 more a set than they allow us, and I have every reason to believe that ours is a better harness, being all hand made and of exceptionally good material. If we get anybody into the Indian office that I can talk to at all, before the year is out I propose to bring this phase up. My enemies have pretty good hold of Secretary Bliss, so far as I have yet been able to experience. I enclose you copy of letter written by Whittlesey. Now you know that Whittlesey probably heard not a word of what was said by the Secretary to the Board, and he was dependent upon Leupp for information, and in all probability what Whittlesey writes was conjured up and arranged to have its influence and pull me off. Of course I may be mistaken in this, and outside of my staunchest friends I would not exhibit such a suspicion. The Indian service is rotten. It seems to me worse than at any time since my knowledge. Whiskey drinking, speculative Indian Agents are the rule, instead of the exception.

I expect to fight it out on this line if it takes all summer and all winter, and if I get knocked out, like the woman in the dispute with her husband as to whether it was cut with a knife or the scissors and he was ducking her to say it was the knife, I shall not stick my hand above water to show it was the scissors.

I am sending the enclosed to Secretary Bliss advising him that I intend to publish it unless some reason occurs that I do not know or anticipate now, or no objects.

Mrs. Pratt and Nana join me in most cordial regards to you and your family.

(Distanced) N.

Faithfully yours,

VOL. 32

H. L. Dawes,
Fitzgerald, Miss.

413

Carlisle, Pa., May 3rd 1897.

Mr. John R. Spears,
Editorial Rooms, New York Sun,
New York.

My dear Friend:-

In my difficulties with the last administration things
have reached a point where it seems to me best that I put out the
enclosed. Before doing so, however, I have sent it to our new
Secretary, Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss, with this statement: unless
some reason occurs more than I know of or anticipate now, or you
object, I shall publish the enclosed and have it circulated where I
know the letter of Secretary Francis has been circulated by persons
in your Department and their agents.

Now I know you have your hands full and all that, but should
the Secretary not object, what I want to know is whether the Sun
would be willing to print it. I shall, of course, print it in our
Red Man, and I think perhaps in one or two other great dailies if
I can have it done. But I shall not act further in the matter now
than this letter to you and the letter to the Secretary, until I
hear from him. Your skill as a newspaper man and your interest in
my cause, leads me to rely a great deal upon your judgment.

Of course there is the alternative of submitting to it quietly
and letting events take their course, which may be the more digni-
fied way, but as the letter has been thoroughly used by my enemies,
being sent as a typewritten document everywhere throughout the land

VOL. 32

127

415

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., May 3rd 1897.

Hon. Jos. K. McCammon,
1420 P Street,

Washington, D. C.

My dear Judge McCammon:-

I wish you would be kind enough to read the enclosed and
then, if your judgment does not disapprove of my course in the
matter, seal it up and deliver to Mr. Secretary Bliss, stating that
I requested you to do so. Judge Henderson concurs in my judgment
that it is the right course for me to pursue. Senator Nelson wrote
a strong letter to the Secretary urging him to examine into the
truthfulness of my allegations and stating that he had corrobative
testimony. The Secretary promised to give it attention, but I fear
from what I learn that he has listened largely to my enemies, and, not
knowing all the facts, he misconstrues my actions.

The letter of Secretary Francis has been widely circulated as
a typewritten document. Superintendents of other training schools
some of them appointed by Dr. Hailman have made quite a little
capitol of it among their employes, and copies have been sent direct
to some of my best friends. Dr. Hailman's course is thoroughly
underhanded, nothing out and open. I don't know what we shall do
if there is not a change for the better in the Indian Office soon. I
cannot see why the administration does not put Mr. Woog and Mr. Bell
back in their old places. That would be giving us well equipped

427

417

Carlisle, Pa., May 3rd 1897.

Mrs. L. Blankenburg,

214 West Logan Square,
Philadelphia.

My dear Mrs. Blankenburg:-

Your letter of the 1st with the enclosed check for $20.00 comes to me this morning, and I am very grateful to you for your generosity in the matter. By my letter of Saturday, which will probably reach you this morning, you will know that the tickets came to only $7.15, as we had the benefit of the half-rate. I will as you suggest, use the remainder as a contribution to the School, and will turn it over to my charity account which is very low.

All the ladies who went over from here greatly enjoyed your meeting and pronounced a success.

Mrs. Pratt joins me in cordial greeting to you and Mr. Blankenburg and your household.

N.

VOL. 32

427

418

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th, 1897.

Morgan Poprock,

Indian School, Ft. Lewis,
Colorado.

Dear Morgan:

I thank you for your picture which is just received, and congratulate you upon your manly appearance. You hold your head up as if you could look the whole world in the face. Independence gained through work is one of the happiest conditions of man.

You have the news of the school through our little paper, and I cannot add much more to that. Our campus is a beautiful green and the trees are in full leaf. We have every prospect of a good farming year. Many of the boys and girls have gone to the country, and we have fewer in the home party this year than ever before. The students are beginning to realize that to make themselves competent they must stay in school until they finish their course.

With best wishes from all your friends at Carlisle, I am

Faithfully your friend,

(Diated by N)

Mc

VOL. 32

418

REPEAT PREVIOUS FRAME

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th, 1897.

Morgan Toprock,
Indian School, Ft. Lewis,
Colorado.

Dear Morgan:

Faithfully your friend,

(Disted by N)
Me

127

419

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th, 1897.

Delos K. Lonewolf,

Anadarko, Okl. Ty.

Dear Delos:

You have the congratulations and good wishes of all
your friends at Carlisle upon the arrival of your baby girl. Please
give my love to Ida.

I am glad to hear what you say about your work, and trust you
will keep on in those lines. I thank you for the news you give
me of the old Carlisle students. As you go about and see them I
wish you would please remember me to them, and tell them that al-
though they have left Carlisle they have not gotten beyond the
reach of our interest. You say that Julia Given is married and
going well. Whom did she marry, and where is she living? I am
Grieved to hear what you tell me of Martha Napawat. I wish she
might be gotten away from the camp influences.

All goes well with us at Carlisle. The spring is well advanced
in its growth, and the campus looks especially beautifully just
now. I shall hope to hear from you from time to time.

VOL. 32

427

420

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th, 1897,

Mr. Constant Brend,

San Carlos, Ariz.

Dear Constant:

I am glad to hear from your good letter of April 22nd of your own welfare, and the news you give me of the other Carlisle students. I am sure that the reason you can give me such good reports is because you have been working. We usually get into trouble when we are idle. Idleness is the cause of most of the difficulties among the Indians.

I congratulate you upon having a family, and I trust that you will plan to give your children the opportunities for a good education since you know the need of schooling for yourself. We have had a larger number of pupils this year than ever before, the number ranging above 800 almost constantly throughout the year. There are now 460 boys and girls out on farms for the summer. You would find many improvements should you come back to Carlisle to visit us as I hope you may some time. Many of the buildings have been enlarged and new buildings erected. The shops, especially, are greatly improved.

Please remember me to all the Carlisle pupils whom you may see, and with best wishes for you and your family, I am

Your friend,

(Dictated by M)
Mc

VOL. 32

427

421

COPY TELEGRAM.

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th 1897.

Hon. Jos. K. McCammon,
1420 F Street,

Washington, D. C.

Your letter received. Can't you show what I propose to Senator
Nelson of Minnesota. I should want to do what you and he
advise.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via W. U. 2.15 P. M.

COPY TELEGRAM

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th 1897.

Senator H. L. Dawes,

Pittsfield, Mass.
enclosure in

My letter to you Monday. Senator Nelson, Minnesota favored it.
My friends here favor it. Judge McCammon does not agree. Your
advise would be most valuable,

(Signed) R. H. Pratt.

Sent via W. U. 2.15 P. M.

VOL. 32

42P

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th 1897.

Mr. H. H. Hart, Gen'l Secy.,

Office of National Conference of Charities and Correction,
State Capitol, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Dear Sir:-

I enclose herewith my check for $2.50 in favor of Levi L. Barbour, covering my annual dues.

I do not receive the National Bulletin of Charities and Correction, and will be glad to have you see that it is sent me regularly. I shall also be pleased to receive information in regard to rates and routes for the Conference in Toronto.

Cap'. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt.

(N)

VOL. 32

423

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th, 1897.

Mr. J.H. Bradford,

304 M. Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Bradford:

Since the apparent faux pas in Mr. Bell's case
I have been quite at sea as to what was going on. Can you not
give me some information? I understand that Mr. Bell does not now
stand a ghost of a show. What is going to be done? What of the
new Commissioner? What of your outlook? There is a general up-
rising in favor of Dr. Hailman. Dr. Butler, the great W. A. man,
is circulating petitions all over the country in oppositional cir-
cles demanding the retention of Harris and Hailman. There is a
feeling among some good staunch Republicans that they have been sold
out to the enemy.

(Diluted)
No

VOL. 32

127

424

Carlisle, Pa., May 5th, 1897.

R.V. Belt,

3314 Tenth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Belt:

I wrote as strong a letter as I could in your behalf to Senator Allison, but he makes no response. Please relieve my solicitude by letting me know how the matter stands. I see Mr. Jones was only confirmed Monday.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

127

425

Carlisle. Pa., May 5th, 1897.

My dear Doctor:

I shall be greatly pleased to see you here at any
time. We have already sent a large number of our pupils into the
country for the summer so that our work is not at all in full flow.
Between the middle of September and the first of April you would
see us more at our best, but that need not prevent your visiting
us at any time.

I shall be glad to avail myself of your kind invitation as ear-
ly as I possibly can. My Assistant Superintendent is taken away
just now in connection with the Nashville Centennial, and I am much
over loaded. We have in addition the closing out of our business
for the fiscal year and the beginning of a new year to look after,
so that I can hardly see my way to contemplate a visit before fall.

I am very greatly obliged to you for the Annual Report. Sev-
eral of my boys are talking State College. Two of this year's
graduates are especially looking towards agricultural and industrial
training. Both are bright and excellent material. I wish you
would give me the conditions upon which they could be entered for
a course with you, and whether or not it would be possible for them
to earn their way while passing through. Both have been useful to
me as helpers. One, disciplinarian for the small boys, Alexander
Ushaw, is a full Crow Indian with uncommon good sense. He aspires
to become a trained agriculturalist. He wants to show that am

VOL. 32

127

426

Geo. W. Atherton, LL.D.

Indian can become a better farmer than the farmers that are sent out to teach the Indians to farm. This is a coat landable ambition, and if any Indian can do it, I think he can. The effect on the general Indian service of having a first-class Indian farmer in it would be invaluable. The other one, Frank Shively, also belongs to the Crows. He is a mixed blood, but an excellent fellow and has aspirations in the same direction. They are such promising fellows that I feel assured anything you might be able to do for them, especially to enable them to take your course, would be rewarded with the best of results.

I am, my dear Doctor,

Very faithfully yours,

(Disted)

Gac. W. Atherton, LL.D.,
Penn'a. State College,
State College, Pa.

VOL. 32

427

28

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th 1897.

Col. R. G. Marmon,

Laguna, New Mexico.

My dear Col. Marmon:-

I am very glad to be able to send you the encouraging report of Dr. Alice Seabrook. Her letter has just reached me in this morning's mail and I forward it at once. Marie's attack seems to be comparatively mild, and I believe we can hope that she will come out all right. She is, as you see by Dr. Seabrook's letter, having the best of care and real motherly interest from Mrs. Fenwick.

I will keep you informed of all the reports we have.

N.

VOL. 32

428

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th, 1997.

Hon. R.V. Belt,

My dear Mr. Belt:

I feel greatly obliged for yours of the 4th
which has just reached me this morning. I never felt greater
anxiety and desire for an appointment to be made in the Government
service than for yours. If I remain in the Service I dread a re-
petition of the inexperience and ignorance, and worse, which we
have had the past four years. I wrote a long letter to you the
other day giving you my impressions of the possible influences
against you, and then concluded I would not send it, but I believe
now that I will let you know what has appeared to me to be the
cause of opposition. Pettigrew is unquestionably the tool of the
Catholic Church. He is indebted to that influence for his posi-
tion. That is well known throughout Dakota. He has been instruct-
ed to oppose you, and is paying his debts in doing it. Smith, the
present Assistant Commissioner, is the tool and creature of that
Church, and if by any chance in throwing you out he can be continued
or some other tool put in his place, that will be done. The activ-
ities of Archbishop Ireland of the Catholic Bureau in Washington,
under cover, since the present administration went in have led some

VOL. 32

429

R.V. Belt.

-2-

of the truest and most prominent non-office seeking men in the Republican Party to apprehend that they have been "sold out." A shrewd old Quaker in Philadelphia, loyal to the shore to the country and to the party, assured me this was so, and stated his evidence which seemed conclusive. Another friend of greater prominence writes me on the same line. When I was in Washington last, observing the situation, I repeatedly saw Ireland make his way to the different administrative headquarters, and his actions all indicated that he was after the loaves and fishes and meant to get them. You could undoubtedly command, and if you couldn't your friends could for you, the entire influence of your own Church, which has shown itself the most capable of any in grappling with this enemy of our liberties; but you do well to hold aloof and trust entirely to your record and endorsement of those you have served under. Personally, you know, that I have always had the warmest feeling for you. This controversy and the manner in which you have met it have greatly increased my estimate of your powers and qualities. The entire cleaning of the situation you have made seems to me to place you beyond assailment, and to make it imperative that the place be given to you. I trust and pray that such will be the outcome, not in any way because I think it will add to you personally, but because the Indian Office is in such shape as to demand the immediate use of your qualities. We need someone

VOL. 32

431

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th, 1897.

Hon. J.K. McCammon,

1420 F. Street,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Judge McCammon:

I notified Senator Dawes of the judgment
of my friends here and that you did not seem to entirely agree,
and I at once received the following reply. "I agree with Judge
McCammon. Would not send communication to Secretary at present.
See letter." I have just had another talk with Judge Henderson,
and both of us feel anxious to know your views. I telegraphed
you yesterday asking if it would not be practicable for you to see
Senator Nelson, and that I would want to do what you and he ad-
vise. Senator Nelson took special interest in my matter as I
told you, and wrote the Secretary strongly about it. I begin to
feel very much as you do about the condition we are in, and the
Hope of the past few months is turning to dread. Judge Hen-
derson agrees that it might be a good thing for he, Dr. Narcross
and I to go down and have a conference with you, and call around
and see our Senators and others. None of us can go very well this
week. Is it worth while, and how would it do to come down and

Yours faithfully,

VOL. 32

432

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th, 1897.

A.J. Standing,

Government Building, Centennial Exposition.

Nashville, Tenn.

My dear Mr. Standing:

I had a letter from Mr. Belt this morning enclosing a showing that he had made to the Secretary of a canvass of the Senate Committee from which it appeared that the only real objector was Pettigrew himself, though Wilson did feel dissatisfied that his man was not selected, claiming that the western people ~~had~~ lived with the Indians and therefore were entitled to greater consideration, but that he was not against Mr. Belt. All the others seemed practically for him, and it did not appear that any canvass of the matter had been made in the Committee. Some who claimed to be regular attendants of the meetings of the Committee said that he had never been spoken of. I cannot see how they can decline to appoint Belt. The opposition I am sure is purely Catholic, and Pettigrew is simply a tool. My matter seems to be in a jam. All well.

Disted

VOL. 32

433

Carlisle, Pa., May 6th, 1897.

Dr. Alice M. Seabrook,
M.E. Hospital, So. Broad & Wolf Sts.,
Philadelphia.

My dear Doctor:

I am very greatly obliged to you indeed for the
service of going to New Lisbon to see Maria. Please send me a
bill receipted and I will send you a check. Of course, I expect
to pay you as any other doctor.

I have sent your letter to Col. Marmon, and I am sure it
will be most satisfactory to him. We have had nothing from the
people direct since your report.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

135

434

Carlisle, Pa., May 7th, 1897.

George Vaux, Jr.,

Girard Building,

Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear George:

The best man I know at Sisseton is the Rev. John Robinson, Episcopal missionary, who is thoroughly reliable. When you write to him say that Capt. Pratt suggested that he would be very willing to perform the service for you, and he will do it I am sure. I know a first-class Indian man there, uncle of one of my Indian girl teachers, but Robinson will be the best man for you.

I wish I could tell you what Secretary Bliss will do about the "Injun Offis". He has given us a Commissioner named Jones from Wisconsin who knows absolutely nothing about Indians, but is a great friend of Mr. Babcock, member of Congress from Wisconsin, who was chairman of the Congressional Committee, and the off horse probably working together with Mr. Hanna in the election of Mr. McKinley. He is said to be a fine business man, very honorable and one standing especially high in the State of Wisconsin. Mr. Belt was to go back as Assistant Commissioner. This would even things up, and give us a man who knew his business and was thoroughly upright and satisfactory, but his appointment is held off by objections from Mr. Pettigrew, who owes his election to the Catholic Church and whose actions are probably dictated by that influence. This, of

VOL. 32

436

Carlisle, Pa., May 8th, 1897.

Miss Lydia L. Hunt,

Supt. Indian School,
San Carlos, Arz.

Dear Miss Hunt:

I had intended to make a good deal of an onslaught
on the Indian Rights Association and their people in the next
Red Man, and arranged most of it and some of it in type, but the
Secretary is looking up matters himself, and I am advised that I
had better not agitate more just now. They are proceeding very
slowly in adjusting matters under the new Administration. Assist
ant Commissioner Smith is still in the saddle. Under these cir-
cumstances I have concluded to hold back, but I send for your
own personal information a copy of my answer to the Secretary's
letter which I shall probably print later, but for the present
for the reasons above stated, do not care to make public.

The new Commissioner has not yet assumed any charge in the
Office, and has gone to Chicago to open the bids.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

437

Carlisle, Pa., May 10th, 1897.

Rev. Julius Soper,
Aoyama, Tokio, Japan.

My dear Friend:

Your letter way back in February has been put off
for a more convenient time, until I am almost ashamed to write. The
fact is that between Commencement and my squabbles with the Indian
management my energies have been so fully absorbed that I have
hardly dared to look on any other lines except those immediately
pressing.

The change of Administration has not yet brought my relief that I hoped and prayed for. Whether it is going to do so ultimately, I do not know. Your letter was a very pleasant reminder of the dear little Island Empire, and the good work of enlightenment you and others are carrying forward in it. I would give more than I can tell to quit America for just one solid year and spend a good part of it in Japan. I am glad to be in touch with you and to know what is going on in your lines.

We all felt sad to hear of Dr. Hartshorne's death, whom we had met so pleasantly at Mohonk and elsewhere. I am sorry to say that Mrs. Pratt and I have been in such condition that we have not done any visiting scarcely for several months, and we have not yet met your folks, but you of course know how they are. The old town logs along in about the same way with a little breeze here and there Sunday morning Dr. Frysinger gave a trumphet blast on the Catholic

VOL. 32

Rev. Julius Soper. -2-

question. The young people of the College seem to be getting on admirably well this year. I was present and one of the judges at the freshmen's critical contest a few evenings ago where there were eight competitors, and was very greatly pleased with the ability shown by all the speakers.

My work has become very complicated on account of Civil Service. So far as I am concerned I would a great deal rather have a monarchical form of government than a Civil Service form. There would be less imperiousness about it.

My own family are very well. We had a long visit from our Denver daughter who returned home about three weeks ago. Spring in all its beauty is just upon us. Most of the trees have leafed out; fruit trees are in blossom, and the apple tree which I look out upon from my window is the peer of any of your Japanese cherry trees in its mass of beautiful blossoms. We are all full of sorrow for the Greeks, and did so hope that some intervening providence would enable them to win, and in some way that the "vengeance is mine, I will repay, saith the Lord" was going to be meet ed out to the Turks. However, He holds the times and the seasons in his hands, and it is not wise to assume any of his perrogatives.

Hoping I may hear from you again when convenient, believe me,
my dear Dr. Soper,

Very cordially and faithfully yours,

(Dictated)
Mc

438

VOL. 32

439

Miss E.L. Fisher,
Indian School, Genoa, Neb.

My dear Miss Fisher:

I am informed that your superintendent, like other superintendents, receives a copy of a letter written to me by the late Secretary of the Interior, Mr. Francis, and that he somewhat gleefully made use of it among his employes. I have intended for some time to put out an answer, but I am confidentially informed that it will be best to wait the turn of events in Washington.

The Administration is proceeding slowly but surely. I feel, of course, impatient at reating under the imputation of the document but still in the event of a final, and probably satisfactory to me, adjustment, I can withhold from publication for the present. This need not, however, prevent my letting a few of my friends know that there are two sides to the question, and I think, at least, that I have the best side. Investigation is going forward quietly, and I amassured it will end judicially, and that it all I ask. I have no objection to your showing the enclosed to your superintendent if you see fit, but you need not do so unless you care to. I do care that those who are interested in Carlisle, and particularly those who served with me, should know my position. Acting upon the advise of my friends, as above stated, the matter is not for publication yet.

Trusting all goes well with you, I am, as ever,

Yours sincerely,

VOL. 32

440

J.M. Clark,

Supt. Soldiers' Orphans Industrial School,
Scotland, Pa.

My dear Sir:

I have your kind invitation to be present at your
Commencement exercises on the 20th and 21st. If at all possible
I will be with you.

I am ordered for examination for promotion in the Army and it
has now become necessary for me to do a lot of studying, because
those things which I would know naturally if serving with troops
I have forgotten, and I shall have to demonstrate a knowledge of them
in order to pass. I am not master, therefore, of my time suffi-
giently to say absolutely that I will be with you.

(Diated)
Mc

VOL. 32

441

Hon. W. B. Dawes,
Pittsfield, Mass.

My dear Senator:

Thank you for your good frank letter. If possible, I like you all the more for it. In this I am willing to be your client. I shall endeavor to make the Senate Committee aware of the facts I have, and "wait for the verdict."

Mrs. Pratt joins me in kindest regards to you and yours.

(Disted)

VOL. 32

442

John R. Spears,

The Sun Office, New York.

My dear Friend:

I thank you for your very full and frank letter.
I like a friend of that kind. I was cautious enough to send my
letter to the Secretary through my friend, Judge McCammon, ask-
ing him to read it first, and if he agreed that it was a good thing
to do, to send it to the Secretary. He advised delay for the pres-
ent, and I concluded to wait a little while longer. I am just in
receipt of a telegram from the first assistant secretary, Mr. Ryan,
inviting me to come to Washington, so that now I anticipate a set-
tlement one way or the other. As things look, I somewhat doubt my
ability to work in the trace which have been and seem to be ar-
ranging for me. I do not believe in the system adopted by the
Department, and hence do not feel that I ought to work in it. Later
I will write you more fully. My good friend, Senator Dewen, counsels
on your line as well. He suggests that I make the Senate Committee
aware of the facts in my possession, and this I am going to do.

(Signed)

VOL. 32

445

BLEED THROUGH

Carlisle, Pa., May 14th, 1897.

Mr. J.W. Davis,

P.O. Box 131, Boston, Mass.

Dear Sir:

I note from Mr. Belt this morning asks me to send to you the most influential portions of the testimonials he filed with his application, copies of which he gave me the other day in Washington. It seems best to me to send you the whole. I have made a few copies for my own purposes.

The fact that Mr. Belt was selected for appointment as Assistant Commissioner, and that the office sought him and not the office, was telegraphed all over the country by Secretary Bliss in accordance with his promise made to Mr. Belt if he would take the position of Assistant Commissioner, which he did not apply for.

In what you may do for Mr. Belt, if anything, I would suggest you consider whether letters and telegrams congratulating the President or the Secretary, as you see fit, would not be a most forceful way to stiffen the back bone of the Administration enough to enable it to carry out its own plan to give the appointment to Mr. Belt.

During almost all the years of the history of this school, I have had close personal knowledge of Mr. Belt as an official: first in the Secretary's office, and afterwards as Assistant Commissioner in the Indian Office, and I have yet to realize in my transactions with him, or to hear in the transactions of others, that he

VOL. 32

Mr. J.W. Davis.

is anything but the personification of honor and integrity. I re-
gard him as preeminently the best equipped and ablest man in the
country for the Indian Service.

He was unquestionably fully selected and promised the place of
Assistant Commissioner by the Administration, and while we private-
ly know there is a hitch in the opposition of Senator Pettigrew, and
so far as we can learn, only one other Senator (Wilson of Washington),
we do not know this officially or publicly, so that the method
I suggest seems to me the best. We have plenty of evidence
that he will be confirmed in the Senate if his name is sent in.
The more good strong individual approvals sent direct to the Admin-
istration, the better.

(Dietated)
Mc

446

VOL. 32

447

Carlisle, Pa., May 14th, 1997.

Mr. R.V. Belt,

My dear Mr. Belt:

I have sent a copy of your document to Mr. Davis and have made copies for my own use, so herewith return to you your original. I am using them, and hope to have some good strong letters sent to the President and Secretary complimenting them on their wisdom in selecting you for the place.

I have written Davis quite fully, and he will work Boston; I am sure, I have arranged to come to Washington a week from tomorrow instead of tomorrow as I had contemplated.

(diated)
Mc.

VOL. 32

448

Carlisle, Pa., May 17th, 1897.

Miss Luzena Choteau,
Bryant & Stratton's College,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Luzena:

You must not become morbid about writing that book. I would drop it all for the present, if I were you, and give yourself up to accomplishing a preparation and then a successful execution of your business purposes. It would be time enough to write the book several years hence, if indeed it is worth while to write it at all, which I very much doubt.

We should be glad to see you here always, and to make us a
prolonged visit if you choose. Emily's little visit was very re-
frashing to all. She is very lady like in her ways. Your sister
is well, and doing well.

We have perfect weather here now, and I never saw nature look
more beautiful. All join in love to you.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

452

449

Rev. J. Methvin,
Anadarko, O.T.

My dear Friend:

I have been waiting for days for a change which seemed to be eminent in the Indian Office, which would make it practicable for me to approach the Office about the matter you wrote on. I know you are right about it and that all you say is true, but just at the present time, when the influences that have favored and brought about the conditions you represent still remain, it is not worth while to speak of such conditions. I am keeping your letter, and will utilize the first opportunity offered for good use of it.

(Dated)
Mc

VOL. 32

450

BLEED THROUGH

Dr. George Edward Reed,
President Dickinson College,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Doctor:

Yours about Dr. Wood followed me to Washington, and only returned this morning. In reply I must tell you that ever since being here I have made it a point not to try to influence the appointments of officials over me. It places me very awkwardly, and is a tremendous disadvantage, but in honor I saw no other course.

I should be sorry to see any theoretical educational man go into the position, and think that it is high time some one well informed in Indian matters, and particularly one who has the proper ideas of education, should be appointed. The oppressiveness of theoretical supervision has become so great as to entirely disgust me with the whole service.

I do not know Dr. Wood and consequently could not say anything about him that would be effective were I so disposed.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

451

BLEED THROUGH

BLURRED TEXT

Carlisle, Pa., May 17th, 1897,

The Horton Manfg. Co.,
Bristol, Conn.

Gentlemen:

In my first letter to you dated April 17th I state "Please make the guides the smallest size you can and as smooth and free from liability to catch the line as possible." I telegraphed you on April 20th "use small agate tips, page 28, and small and friction guides, page 31." Sending the rods back by my letter of May 1st, I complained that the guides had been put up in the air, and what I wanted was the smallest guide placed flat on the pole.

I am annoyed to get the rods back the second time, and find that you have placed a tip different from the one I asked, and placed it off the rod contrary to my wishes. Did I follow my inclination I would send you the rods and make you a present of them. Your inconsistency and unbusiness method of treating a customer who was most kindly disposed is inexplicable.

The guides you have put on now are calculated to catch the line, and give as much or more bother than the rings that were on be fore. I send you my check for $6.50 covering your charges and close the transaction to save any further strain upon my patience.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 32

Carlisle, Pa., May 18th 1897.

C. Tyson Tipton, Photographer,
Gettysburg, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

VOL. 32

453

Carlisle, Pa., May 18th, 1897.

Mrs. Emma Pearmain Harris,

24 Franklin Ave.,

Chelsea, Mass.

Dear Madam:

I am very sorry that I am quite unable to give you any material light on the double cross, nor can I find any record in the official reports of the Oconomoneo tribe. What is now and what was then the Menomonee tribe lived in that region. They are now a little west of Green Bay, and the name you have is probably a perversion of the other tribal name.

The Menomonees are largely Catholics, having been more or less under Catholic influence for more than a century. The cross is probably something coming from that supervision, as it was I think in the case of Tom Torline. The Great Lake region was early in the history of the settlement of the country visited by Catholics. At one time I was shown a mission on the southern shore of Lake Superior which was said to have been established more than 200 years. The Navajoes, to which tribe Tom Torline belonged, were not under Catholic control so much, but the Indians immediately crouched then were, the peaceable tribes of Pueblo and the tribes of Arizona. Tom probably got his cross from some association of his necessary help of that, I never inquired. We find many things in their beliefs and ornaments coming down from those early days that are clearly traceable to Catholic contact. I wish

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 32

Mrs. E.P. Harris.

-2-

could give you more definite information, but I cannot.

Early in my connection with Indians the Scientific Bureau in Washington tried to load me up with various forms of investigation along ethnological lines, and would have absorbed all my energies in this direction, but my desire to be a real help to the Indians led me to reject most of this kind of work and to give myself up to trying to ameliorate their present condition. Feeling that I could not do both, it gradually came about that I did only the one, so that the scientifically curious and speculative have separately any interest with me. You will pardon me, I am sure, for saying this much by way of explaining my ignorance in such matters.

Very truly yours,

Capt. 10th Cav'y. Supt.

(Diated)

M:

454

VOL. 32