**5662. Geography.**—The state of North Carolina is one of the southern coast states of North America. It was one of the original thirteen states and also one of the first to be settled.

**Industries.**—After the crude tarpentine has been obtained from the pine trees (S149), tar is obtained from the wood. Pieces of its heart-wood impregnated with resin, or the roots, are placed in a closed kiln like the one before us. It is a pit covered with turf, somewhat resembling a charcoal pit. A part of the wood is burned to furnish heat to distill the remainder, which remains in these kilns until, by slow combustion, the tar has been sweated out. The man in the background is attending to the fires while the man in the foreground obtains the finished product. He first lifts a section of the turf and then dips out the tar from the pipes in which it has been distilled with that long dipper in his hand. The tar is placed in barrels immediately. Pitch is obtained from tar by boiling.

**History.**—After receiving a patent for colonization in the new world, Sir Walter Raleigh, in April 1854, sent out two captains to discover a suitable location for a colony. After many unsuccessful attempts at colonization the territory lying between the 31st and

the 36th parallels and extending from sea to sea was granted to the Earl of Clarendon, in 1663. The colonists sent out under his lease seem to have prospered and were the beginning of the present population of North Carolina.

Refer again to this view when considering Physiography, Zone Life, Agriculture, Races of Mankind.

“Sweating out” tar from pine wood in the turf-covered tar-kiln, North Carolina.

Extrayant le goudron du bois de pin dans le four à goudron couvert de terre, Caroline du Nord,

“Ausschwitzen” von Teer aus Kiefernholz in der mit Torf bedeckten Teer Darre, Nord Carolina.

Extrayendo alquitrán de la madera de pino en el horno de alquitrán encespedado, Carolina del Norte.

“Utsvettande” tjära från tallträd i den torfbetäckta torkugnen, Nord Carolina.

Выдѣлка смолы изъ сосноваго дерева въ покрытой торфомъ печи, С. Каролина.

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