5

the PRC is now trying to keep US influence there. She's surrounded
by a hostile USSR on one side and Japan's influence, via economic ties,
is spreading. Japan will rearm if the US quits Asia. The PRC thus
needs the US to balance the USSR and Japan and the delicate means to
make that balance is the essence of what this opening of relations is
all about, said Smith.

6

PAPERS

"Nixon, Mao Talk Frankly" reads the _Star_ banner, over a 3 col. good pic of RN extending his hand to Chou upon arrival and 5 col. pic of RN and Chou (both smiling and at ease) seated before beginning of 1st talk session. Bradsher says promptness of session following arrival "emphasized the attention the PRC is giving the RN visit." As to public reaction on motorcade, the absence of enthusiasm is typical of the way most official visitors are observed.

RN and Chou were candid in toast descriptions of poor past relations and expressed hope for their improvement. Ziegler refused to elaborate on the "serious and frank" Mao talk, said Bradsher, but those words in Chinese Communist terminology indicated the two disagreed -- to be expected -- but no hint of unpleasantness. The Premier turned out "an impressive show of top leaders" at the airport. The "full protocol honors" seem to "bode well" for an atmosphere in which fruitful results could be sought, says Bradsher. "Chou's Banquet A Big Success" by UPI's Hensley is No. 3 story.

"Nixon Meets Officials In Shanghai Landing" heads recap of greeting by "highest ranking official" of the city, and notes RN departure had friendliness missing upon arrival.

Inside photo coverage includes shot of PRC navigator with Albertazzie; a lone PRC soldier guarding S '76, and the US flag being hoisted at the airport (with photo of Mao evident.)

More stories re: China: Comments of WH aspirants; Peking: City of Contrasts (Bacon); Press reception.

"First Lady Sips Jasmine Tea" (Thomas) is No. 2 item in _Star's_ "Women's World", with good profile photo of PN reviewing PRC troops at airport....Also in Women's World, a feature by Donnie Radcliff on Julie Pineou/HAK/Dianne Mathews article in March _Ladies Home Journal_. A light, good feature over all.

There are no _Star_ eds. on China or Admin., but cartoon shows Chou painting "Welcome Dick" on a gate of China Wall, while NVN prepares to dump a bucket marked "new Tet offensive" as soon as RN enters the gate. Caption: "We're arranging our own little reception."

Richard Wilson says the breeching of the communication's wall in China is of primary significance and the press center has to mean something more than Chinese hospitality to wayward travelers -- it's part of

7

a scheme to come back into the world. First impressions underscore that the PRC has a long way to go to become a leader, says Wilson, but RN saw the potential of a great superpower and that's why he came to set up communication with its leaders.

Lawrence says RN is trying to achieve "understanding" and a show of goodwill from one nation to another. Taiwan is pressing, but not as much as other Asian changes which could compel Peking to spend more money on armaments, particularly nuclear weapons. RN emerges as a mediator, in a sense, says Lawrence. While there are differences, RN desires that the Peking regime be known as a cooperative gov't and perhaps a US ally in Asia.

***

"Nixon Meets Mao and Chou" is banner in *Wash. News* with subhead: "Beginning of ' a long march together''' over the excellent UPI photo of the historic handshake. Also inside, as on *Star's* p. 1 is Hensley account of the "Nixons' deft hand at chopsticks" and Thomas' dispatch on RN/Mao/ Chou meetings which includes news on the "subdued, sparsely attended welcome"....Also inside a UPI dispatch leading: "Some of the wind has been shaken out of the sails of WH hopefuls by RN's trip."

***

"Nixon Visits Mao for Hour, Talks With Chou At Summit" is 2-tiered banner in *Balt. News-American* over Cormier dispatch and 4-column photo of RN flanked by Chou and Rogers as "historic talks begin. Photo of RN/ Chou hands meeting: "Hands Across the World...."Also p. 1 here in Considine: "Nixon Welcome Cool, Cordial." None of crowds or flowers the Nixons are accustomed to. But RN showed no recognition of any cool restraint by Chou. On p. 2-3 photos of troop review; the handshake -- "A Giant Step for Peace?" and Mrs. Nixon before troops. Articles on these pages: "Peking A City of Contrasts" (Bacon); "Pat Shares Welcome" (Thomas on tea and shops); French interest in 4-Power Asian non-aggression pact among US, PRC, USSR, Japan.

****

China News Summary No. 11: Monday am papers and TV Coverage
of the Banquet.

February 21, 1972

AM PAPERS

Some of the papers available this morning are pre-RN arrival
editions. Here are the headlines: "President Lands in Mainland
China En Route to Peking." (Chic. Trib with photos of RN, HAK,
Rogers, Green aboard S'76 and press arriving in Peking. Also p. 1
report on China's greeting of press with banquet and toasts.) ...
"President Begins historic visit to China/Chou greets Nixon in
Peking." (Balt. Sun with 4 column RN/Chou handshake photo; photos
also of PL A at airport and press at the elaborate luncheon. And 2
other p. 1 stories: "China's Welcome is gracious, although austere,"
reporters find and 'Logic, politics explain Peking's (continued media
attacks.")

"China Welcome Set for Nixon/Chou to greet him at Airport"
(p. 1 *NY News* over photo of steward in Shanghai and p. 3 is topped:
"Nixon Welcome: Nice and Cool." ... "Nixon Arrives in Peking to
Begin An 8-Dav Visit: Met by Chou at Airport." (4 column, 3-tiered
banner in late City edition of *NY Times* over photos of the "Historic
Handshake", S'76 arrival and RN greeting PL A official in line.)

Other p. 1 stories today: Semple reports RN is "very strongly interested" in anti-busing amendment and regards it as a "live" option despite misgivings of aides -- but other ideas under way, too -- all in line with RN's desire for a firm response. Cahill harshly criticizes RN for neglecting to help urban states and Case and RN still with "violent disagreements"; Mujib tells Sulzberger he'd let Biharis leave Pakistan; Winchell is dead; David Dubinsky, 80 years old, is mugged but OK. (All from *Times*).

P. 1 elsewhere: Somaza eyes airline deal with Hughes; GIs hit in 3 hard enemy assaults in VN; Soviet promised more arms for Egypt while also warning it against war.

Lead in Beckman (Trib.) piece on talks "that could well alter the course of history." Straight report on RN's remarks to public and to press in Guam and aboard S'76. ... *Trib* piece on Malraux, the only outsider with whom RN met on the trip -- and appropriately so. The

2

amazing Frenchman seen impressed by RN. ... Frank Starr article on Soviet fear of RN's PRC trip -- it's a nightmare to Moscow. ... Full page of photos of press in Peking -- Buckley, Cronkite, Teddy White often seen.

* *

Potter says the "little-heralded" visit received "a polite but low-key welcome." No more tepid reception for a US Pres. ever recalled. Absence of crowd explained as PRC wanting neither too small turnout nor too large a one. But "respectable number" of top officials at airport. ... Inside *Sun* -- report on the honest, charming Chou.

* *

Carter of *NY News* leads: "Leaders of the PRC laid on a courteous but restrained welcome for RN, the 1st/ US Chief of State ever to visit this country while in office. ... There seemed no great feeling of a major event." ... A page of China stories follows: Reischauer/Fairbank disagreement; Chiang's speech; Waldheim's hope and Thant's wariness and Soviets See an RN Bid for Help in VN. And a page on the sights the Nixons will see.

* *

In Karnow's later dispatch for the *Post* final, he calls the official welcome "cordial but muted. The obvious lack of fanfare and public enthusiasm stood in sharp contrast to receptions accorded others, such as Selassie." Lack of diplomatic relations said to explain PRC restraint. 6 column top of page 1 photo of honor guard review; top of P. 3 with the handshake photo and RN getting into car.

* *

Frankel begins: "RN arrived in Peking to mark the end of a generation of hostility and to begin a new but still undefined relationship between the most powerful and the most populous of nations. RN received a studiously correct but minimal official welcome -- the tribute due a chief of state but without any acclaim for a Gov't that still doesn't officially recognize PRC. ... It was Chou's handshake that symbolized

3

the end of US ostracism of his Gov't. RN grasped the hand that Dulles spurned." Frankel says "RN appeared in high spirits." Much of Frankel report discusses scene in Peking -- the houses, streets, etc.

Times with almost a page on the 200 year US-China relationship -- now entering "a new and unpredictable phase." Also a piece on the enduring Premier whom RN "will doubtless find [as] engaging, friendly and surely the best man China could find to help bring an end to long-standing Sino-US disagreements and animosities. Durdin says "Chou's credentials as a pleni-potentiary are unsurpassed by any other chief of gov't anywhere. ... That rare individual -- an intellectual who is also a man of action." ... RN's prayer from Guam is Times' quote of the day and widely reported elsewhere.

Lead Times edit on the precedent-shattering event "which has set a historic milestone." Cordial, correct though cautious PRC reception. "Regardless of the progress achieved in the talks, the visit promises to be a major and useful education for both countries." ... Harry Schwartz column on the "welcome epidemic of Soviet agreeableness" in these weeks before RN's PRC trip as the Kremlin woos AN frantically, trying to get across the message that he doesn't need to make a deal with Mao because he can do better in Moscow when he flies there in May." And this all strengthens RN in Peking as he's "in the position of the lovely maiden courted by 2 ardent swains, each aware of the other but each uncertain of what happens when the young lady is alone with his rival." ... Anthony Lewis wishes US would be as realistic about VN's future as he is re: China and stop fighting history by realizing NVN is the strongest power of Indochina and face the fact that it's not for us to decide the fate of that region as we've already concluded re: Taiwan.

Times TV reviewer sees need for some balance in the China specials (those on China-US relations, not on RN trip itself). More efforts such as Moyer's NET interview of a refugee from PRC are needed. ... Pfeffer of Johns Hopkins, who met with Chou in late Jan, says VN does not stand in the way of Sino-US relations nor does China intend to involve itself in the war's settlement. China is further uninterested in the condition of the US antiwar movement and it is not making any of

4

its decisions, says Pfeffer, or how they'll affect RN's election chances.

****

## TV REPORTS

At 1:30 am NBC had brief status report noting the Nixons were at the guest house following a minimum of public attention. Film of RN deplaning and the "long handshake" with no big crowd at the airport. About 2 minutes.

***

NBC came on at 3 am Monday to cover RN's arrival for his first talks with Chou. 45 minutes later they signed off, having been informed that RN was an hour late -- the delay unexplained and "quite unusual" though. Kaplow pointed out we don't what's usual or not in China. "We're in the dark now", concluded Neuman as he signed off. During the 45 mins. they were on the air, film of the correct, polite but decidedly subdued arrival was shown. Long, cordial handshake. Couldn't expect much considering 23 years of isolation but Kaplow didn't know WH reaction. Most of time was spent by Kaplow summing up Chou and outlining possible topics of discussion. He noted RN had already given up some on Taiwan -- a significant US policy shift was revealed by Kissinger when he said Taiwan would have to be settled by the 2 Chinas. Kaplow also emphasized how RN has kept his agenda open to provide for extended talks.

Neuman suggested absence of public may have indicated they were discouraged from turning out but Kaplow was unable to substantiate that. Herb wondered if Chou could really have allowed much more of a welcome considering some leadership opposition in past to the RN visit.

***

primarily

All nets began at 6 or 6:30 am with live coverage of RN's arrival for the banquet. ABC was on from 6:30 -- 7:05 and 7:30 to 8:15. NBC began at 6 and went till 10 am. CBS with same hours. Both. CBS and Today had other brief news (10 year Glenn anniversary, VN, pregnant women in B-D) but 75% or more of the coverage came from film of the RN-Chou pre-talks meeting, the Ziegler announcement (film) and from the banquet live between 6 and 9 am. After that there was a good deal of re-runs from the earlier reports. Though footage

5

was at times dim from the banquet hall, it was not of bad quality and the lighting seemed to improve as the program progressed. Closeups of RN/PN ably eating with chopsticks, toasts and that dramatic section came across particularly well -- both video and commentaries by reporters.

ABC opened at 6:30 am with Reynolds noting Richard Nixon has already met with Mao for "serious and frank" talks. Harvard's James Thomson called this lengthy session with Mao as early in visit a complete surprise and a "very significant development" which underlines the deep seriousness with which China regards the visit. Mao doesn't fool around. Deep substance is involved; this is no mere ceremony. PRC giving great deal of weight to session despite absence of street crowds. Public cheering, considering major differences between the 2 lands, is hardly in order, said Reasoner. The achievement is accomplished already: RN is here and he has already met with Mao. Mao has early put his seal of approval on a visit which has been set up by Chou despite some opposition in PRC leadership.

Most of this 35 minute segment showed film from the banquet hall, the last 15-20 minutes consisting of RN's arrival, another formal picture session and then RN/PN/Chou handshakes with visitors. Lighting was somewhat dim though participants were visible at all times.

Reasoner said Rogers was being carefully kept in the visible No. 2 spot although he wasn't at the Mao session. Ziegler said he'd meet with the Foreign Minister but he's not a particularly powerful man apparently, said Reasoner who observed, voice over footage of a very relaxed, smiling RN, that the President has never shown publicly any nervousness or trepidation over the visit's outcome; he's been as assured and confident as if he were at a state GOP dinner.

Discussing the airport arrival, Reynolds, Thomson and Reasoner testified to the emotion they felt at the handshake - "quite a moment," "an extraordinary moment." A "most startling memory" - a Chinese band playing the Star Spangled Banner and high-ranking Chinese saluting. 20 years of festering bitterness - and now a feeling of hope.

Thomson, Reynolds and Reasoner all were extremely impressed by the toasts. Chou's called very gracious, hopeful - "extraordinarily so." As far as Chou could go - he specified possibility of full diplomatic relations. Though doesn't mean all is forgotten, still a warmer toast than ever expected. Demonstrates an action rather than just the rhetoric seen in last week's criticism of US policy.

6

And RN matched Chou in candor and hope. Did you ever think
you'd hear RN quote Mao favorably? asked Reasoner. Clearly, said
Thomson, RN matched Chou though not as specific on diplomatic
relations. Still very friendly.

The clinking of glasses - "hard to believe what we're seeing."
"Another one of those moments." "One of the most extraordinary
moments in history." "What a sight! RN clinking glasses with
PRC leaders."

***

NBC began with Newman giving straight announcement that RN
meeting with Chou as "expected," but he just left meeting with Mao,
which was "not expected." Then film of RZ is statement and questions
from press. Then replay of RN arrival Newman called Mao visit the
"first big surprise."

While other Chou-group photos taken, Walters digressed on
informational data such as number in attendance, menu, mentioned
query of Buchanan on reason for speech writer, replying writer
"always with" the President plus help on toast. Walters indicated
announcements of arrival definitely on radio and "believed" carried
on China television. As RN/PN moved through second receiving
line, Walters commented this to be the "most informal and relaxed"
ceremony. Newman noted USSR statement that Americans were being
welcomed like kings.

With RN/Chou and PN seated, Walters commented it "very
unusual" that RN to Chou's right -- usually honored guest opposite
host. Much comment throughout of light, relaxed, informal
atmosphere; note RN/PN doing very well with chop-sticks.

NBC moved into *Today* show time with McGee anchorman and
China expert Donald Klein, Columbia, guest. Klein described this
as the "most important" State visit since Khrushchev came to US;
Klein noted airport greeting as "very correct."

McGee described Chou toast as "unusually direct and frank" and
stated "almost as a statement of policy," rather than ordinary toast.
McBee found it "refreshing." Klein registered surprise and said he
had anticipated the normal sort of "fence-sitting," and thought it in-
teresting that it followed meeting with Mao. Klein intrigued by "state
relations" comment in Chou toast, saying it suggested formal diplomatic

7

relations and world be a "most remarkable result." Good camera as RN rounded tables for individual toasts, Walters commenting she hopes RN taking "small sips." ABC observed RN may have learned from Chou - his glass almost as full at end of toast as at beginning. Walters noted RN a most - traveled President. Klein felt RN toast "equally frank;" McGee agreeing citing RN's seize the honor, seize the day - words. *Today* news segment gave recap of arrival, reception at Great Hall, and dinner for 5 minutes.

Return to live dinner coverage with ordinary chat between Walters and Kaplow on food, people, seating, etc. Walters again referred to Buchanan as probable toast writer of a "conservative philosophy" who will no doubt be doing some explaining to his conservative ties in the rank-and-file GOP.

Blair in 3rd news segment led with Mao meet described by Ziegler as "frank and candid," and as being "the big news" of the visit so far. Blair noted Rogers did not participate in Mao meet, but HAK did. Blair re-capped RN toast citing RN's "what we do," than cited Chou's "the gate of contact has been opened," 5 minutes given RN, 1:45 other news.

Return to McGee and Klein found Klein saying that the "extraordinary frankness" of toasts makes one think that we may "already be in high gear" in Peking.

Klein feels that greater ceremony (street parade type) may come later in week; PRC probably waiting to see how talks go. The possibility of crowds turning out later in week noted by others as well.

In wrap-up Walter's described the banquet as "very warm" and "definitely a shift" from airport's subdued tone.

Kaplow agreed, adding that RN's visit to Mao at very start of visit seems to have given "some sort of blessing" to trip. Kaplow speculated that Mao/Chou meetings so far probably "general in nature, perhaps ever philosophized."

Kaplow asked Donald Klein if he forsees formal diplomatic relations, and Klein responded in negative, but there is now more reason to believe that *some* kind of significant envoy of lesser status could be established.

8

Klein added it is apparent we are moving to higher level of negotiating than previously anticipated.

Kaplow's final comment suggested that subdued airport greeting due to Chou's internal politics, since "there are those" in PRC who were no doubt against RN visit. McGee said exchange of toasts particularly interesting/absorbing. .... "we know things are changing" - unlikely to ever be the same again.

***

9

CBS resumed at 6 a.m. with clip of RN-Chou meeting at airport: "This is the historic handshake for which RN traveled half way across the world." And later -- a surprise RN meeting with Mao. Any thought that official coolness meant problems at the airport was disabused that meeting, said Collingwood. Such an early session was "a signal honor" and more important than any turnout of masses. RZ then on film for his briefing on the RN-Mao session allayed the speculation. Jarriel and Chancellor asking most of the questions of Rn who said they'd been told in US that RN and Mao would meet -- and they did so. He didn't go beyond "serious and frank" in describing the session.

CBS film next of RN arriving at the Great Hall without a coat in the freezing weather. Audio and video continued excellent as cameras followed RN to the photo session with Chou. Rather, unaware of reason for delay at this time (who viewers had been informed), noted RN was smiling and didn't look as if anything were wrong. Other Rather observations as 2 old hands at photo sessions were gracious to photographers and engaged in animated, apparently amiable talk: No agenda for sessions but POW's VN, nuclear arms limitation are possible topics. China will want to talk about Taiwan and Korea.

CBS then ran film of the airport arrival -- cordial, polite, little warmth and no crowds tho Rather said some in Washington and on WH staff expected larger turnout in Square.

Collingwood recapped that the arrival was "cordial, proper," with "little warmth, no crowds," as a lead into a replay of segments of RN's arrival.

Not everybody is happy, said Collingwood, noting Taiwan's resolution.

Kalisher film report said the trip had given S. Korea the jitters, that they felt they might be "betrayed, abandoned, or sold down the river." An ROK official welcomed the visit in hopes it will relax tensions and expressed confidence that RN won't make any deals at the expense of old friends.

Film report from Tokyo said Japan's feelings of "insult" at the time of RN's announcement have eased and Japan sees the trip as a chance to tap China -- the "economic motherload of Asia."

10

In 1st pick up of RN at Great Hall of the People, Rather noted RN was "obviously" in a good mood (his expressive hand actions the tip off), and that the WH viewed everything as off to a "very good start." The Chinese are all studying PN closely, said Rather, as this is the 1st they've seen her since arrival. As the group gathered for the "family portrait," Rather said US security was light; that the few Blacks there were WH, not press, staff; noted Chou's ability to survive the political up and downs like RN.

This morning's news is mainly in Peking, said CBS AM News anchorman, John Hart, and indeed it was: the traditional sunrise beginning of the 7a.m. starting hour was Tien an Mien Square, and all but 1:15 minutes of the hour were devoted to live coverage of the banquet, with good video throughout except in receiving line portion where lighting was poor. (Show essentially repeated from 9-10.)

B. Kalb noted the "tremendous amount of excitement" in the Great Hall, but none at all outside. Mao's visit was a "surprise" in the fact it was so soon after RN's arrival, said Kalb, and commited the president on Sino-Soviet rendezvous -- increasing expectations more than just diplomatic pleasantries. Looking at the two flags side by side, it's "impossible to keep down" the great rush of history of the countries.

Note of background to visits -- RN's "undramatic, slow moves" (dropping ban on travel and trade). The Chinese "silence" was positive; then ping pong, and then RN's announced visit and it was no longer "Communist" or "Red" China, there was a new image. And now this "extraordinary" climax with an American Pres. with chopsticks.

Rather noted high speed of cavalcade; that police at Square asked lingerers to move on as the PRC "obviously" didn't want a demonstration at the Square.

Of the Mao meeting, Rather said a "wave" passed thru the press corps on RN's delay; that the WH "cooly" and "coyly" said RN would meet with Chou, but didn't give reason for delay.

Rather noted Ziegler said an accounting would be made later of the "serious and frank" Mao meeting. Kalb said WH had made it clear there'd be no briefings of substance -- that no chances for leaks were being taken.

11

Rather noted RN and PN were "doing well" with the chopsticks. (PN was best, though) Both deserve "high marks" for their trip preparation, said Dan.

Ross Terrill, in CBS studio with Hart, said, in reference to Mao meeting, that in less than 23 hours, RN had done more than had been done in 23 years -- he'd talked to the head man -- and no one but the USSR had achieved that and it's been 7 years since Kosygin met with Mao. It suggests, said Terrill, that things are "very open" and the Chinese people may yet be brought on the scene in RN's visit.

Kalb said in meeting, Mao had put the "Chinese Chop" on RN's visit but that RN is now on the diplomatic defensive as Chinese have rolled out the carpet and left it up to RN to state his views.

Terrill said Chou's toast was "cordial", "optimistic" and that Chou's mention of state to state realtions "foreshadows" diplomatic ties, he pointed Chou ending with "Gom bay" (Bottoms up); thought not to be used any longer in the PRC. Toast showed a "determined attempt" by Chou to look to the future, said Terrill.

Kalb speculated on the "impact" of increasing anxieties in Asia as pix of a RN with a "pleased to be here" look on his face, listening intently and showing some satisfaction with what he's hearing is beamed on TV.

Following RN's toast, Kalb said no such words have passed the lips of a senior US official since '49. It's "hope" of a new kind of relationship coming from RN who was "extremely active" in the "anti-communism" cause of the late 40's; the toasts were competing speeches -- declarations of principle -- said Kalb, and behind the "glittering phrases" there are fundamental differences, especially Taiwan.

Terrill called RN's toast "ambitious" in calling for new world, but "realistic" in calling not for a closing of the gulf between the US-PRC, but putting a bridge across that gulf. The most "striking" statement was RN's statement that there's no reason to be enemies as neither country wants territory of the other. That, said Terriell, is a signal that the U.S. has no intention of permanently keeping Taiwan from the mainland. (That statement won't make happy reading in Taipei, said Kalb.

* * *

12

'Terrill saw "echoes" of the RN-Mao meeting in RN's toast -- it's a "link" between the business meetings and ceremonial banquet.

Kalb (over shots of RN offering toasts from table to table) said the toast was an "extraordinary" moment in US-PRC relations, and that's a "triumphant" RN we're looking at.

RN believes the "chemistry" is working well with Chou, said Rather, and if RN isn't "overjoyed" with the Mao meeting, he's in an "excellent frame of mind." RN's off to an "extraordinary good start" -- he's been toasted and has toasted in "friendly terms."

13

WIRES

Just prior to the Ziegler announcement, Thomas said the subdued reception and the unexplained delay before the Chou talks "raised the question of whether the Chinese deliberately were seeking to embarrass RN. But WH officials insisted that was not the case." 3 minutes later, UPI reported the meeting with Mao -- "an unexpected departure from RN's schedule."

AP raised no such speculation over the unexplained delay. Cormier's lead following session: "RN arrived in Peking, paid his first call on Mao and opened talks with Chou, all within less than 8 hours."

In her day lead, Thomas began: "Almost unnoticed by the masses, RN drove through Peking's wide and deserted streets to a surprise meeting with Mao, the patriarch of Chinese Communism whose Red Book is an intimate part of every Chinese household." The Mao session was a "shock" to the press corps. At the RN-Chou talks, Thomas reported "RN's smile was so broad at times he appeared to be ready to break into laughter. Chou did not smile."

UPI's Hensley leads a report: "Pat and RN sat down to a formal banquet hosted by Chou. They ate with great gusto, wielding chopsticks like seasoned pros." And with Chou, they spoke animatedly. "Mrs. Nixon was splendidly coiffed." In a later story Hensley says waiters were hard pressed to keep the wine goblets filled, "so vigorously and frequently did the Nixons toast their hosts. ... The supping was leisurely, the sipping unrestrained." RN was "ebullient" and seemed to miss no one in his toasts. "An air of joviality marked the meal."

An AP summary leads: "Friendly words came from both Chou and RN at the banquet. Chou called the unprecedented visit a positive move. ... RN's reply began on an optimistic note." AP also says the WH use of "serious and frank" in describing the Mao talks usually means in Communist phraseology that there was disagreement.

Some other excerpts from am papers reported by wires:

"The touch of Chinese and American flesh was an act of spectacular symbolism, dramatizing this attempt to bridge a gulf of misunderstanding and hostility as wide as the Pacific." (Boyd, Miami Herald)

14

"18 years after Chou, offering his hand, was snubbed by Dulles, RN shook the Chinese Leader's hand on Chinese Soil. ... It was high drama and deep irony, and any American seeing it would have felt the tingling bumps rising on his skin." (Kraslow, *LA Times*).

The reception was so chilly that it seemed a calculated affront by the Chinese leadership, which has absolute control over the population and can turn crowds on or off at will. It was as if Chou and Mao wished to give credence to the suspicion that they invited RN there to kowtow in the ancient manner of vassal rulers to the Chinese Emperor." (Ross, *Sun-Times*).

AP's Mulligan says the welcome was like the weather -- "not exactly warm, but several degrees above the frost level."

UPI reports Russia has offered NVN "sweeping military and political support "against any US-Sino understanding."

* * *
# #

China News Summary No. 6: Friday Wires and Sat. Post.

Feb. 18, 1972

AP leads a dispatch, "RN, up at 7 a. m., to continue homework
on his China mission, wants to establish what he calls "an ongoing
communications belt" between Washington and Peking.

In a statement entitled "Storm Clouds over Asia," AFL-CIO
leaders urged RN to seek a permanent Sec. Coun. seat for Japan
and base US Asian policy on friendship with India and Japan rather
than "tilt" to PRC. Meany declared: "We are opposed to dictatorship
and we are opposed to doing nice things to help dictators who deny
basic human rights to their people." He said PRC had nothing to
reciprocate for US concessions in trade and other ways. And he
denied he opposed the trip because of a desire to defeat RN.

Cong. Moorhead, who 1st broke the news on Soviet lend-lease,
suggested RN broach the subject of China's WWII debts. . . . Cormier
says fact that HAK spent 2 1/2 hours with RN compared to Rogers
being with RN for an hour aboard S. '76 reflects the NSC advisor's
"paramount influence" on the PRC trip. Additionally HAK was
quartered next door to RN while Rogers was 2 doors away.

Izvestia says RN will probably try to arrange a VN settlement
in Peking and it accused PRC of betraying VN communists in welcoming
him. . . . UPI says Ziegler "was a fountain of information" on the musk
oxen.

VFW Commander Vicites urged church, veteran, fraternal and
civic organizations to lead in organizing Sunday's day of prayer to
truly show that all Americans stand "united" behind RN's "search
for peace." . . . Cong. Halpern proposed that broadcast media set
aside 30 secs. of silence at noon Mon. to pray and meditate for world
peace.

The PRC UN Mission held a party for NYC police officials and
patrolmen assigned to guard them. UPI notes this is a 1st ever for
any UN delegation in NY.

2

Lisagor on RN's "remarkable personal transformation" re: China. Thru '60, at least, "RN accepted the demonology of Chinese communism with unblinking zeal." Extensive quotes from RN in '60 compared with views since '69 and the preparations for the trip.
"Snow's *Life* interview galvanized the WH into actively seeking to arrange the trip, an historical venture which represents, in dramatic fashion, a personal and self-imposed 'struggle-criticism-transformation' session of a man who has composed his past."

Bill Moyers, on NET's *This Week*, said RN made a "radical" shift in his policy toward the PRC, using clips from RN's '68 campaign and '71 trip announcement to underscore his point. The journey commands world attention not just because it's being made but because of RN's'dramatic reversal" he was the "champion" of a hard line 25 years ago and now he'll not only be standing up, but sitting down to sup with and toast the Communist potentates. This flexibility is something that must go with the job of the presidency, said Moyers, while NYU's Dr. Koerning said RN sensed the opportunity of events (mainly VN) which have made the public ripe for new ventures in foreign policy. Moyers then switched to Dallas for a lengthy discussion with 5 GOP workers, including former state GOP candidate, Jack Creighton. They weren't personally hard on RN but all were frustrated by RN's trip (Creighton didn't question RN's basic motives, but what could come of it) and generally disillusioned over RN's overall policies. They discussed public's (especially youth's) frustrations in electing politicians they think will do one thing and then do the contrary. 4 of the 5 with no candidate; 1 for Ashbrook. Group also included a VN vet. But Moyers closed saying RN "deserves all the credit" he's getting. He's turned American foreign policy around -- a "courageous" step -- and he wishes RN "good luck."

Karnow, on Agronsky's nightly NET show, noted attitudes on trip are as if RN were going to the moon. But this is just a trip to open dialogue, for the leaders to get to know each other, and not negotiations like some are intimating. He thinks PRC interest in coming closer to U.S. originated with the Soviet invasion of Czech. and says that this kind of "dramatic approach" (RN's trip) is needed because reopening communication is so long overdue. VN won't be settled in Peking as they can't dump Hanoi anymore than RN can dump Thieu, but the PRC

3

won't let VN interfere with US-PRC relations which makes them almost neutral -- a US benefit said the *Post*'s China expert who is on trip. When RN told Rather he foresaw relations with the PRC in an unconventional sense, Karnow says RN possibly was hinting at a permanent mission with shadow ambassadors. The world is multi-polar, not bi-polar now, says Karnow.

The *Post-Dispatch*'s Dudman was rather quiet on the show, but speculated there will be a US presence in either the PRC or Hong Kong (with frequent trips to Peking) as a symbol of continuing dialogue. RN is "living dangerously" in making the trip in view of what NVN could do during his visit, said Dick. ... *Newsweek*'s Elfin sees great cultural and educational benefits from the trip -- an almost "euphoric" national interest in Chinese literature, pictures, exchange students, etc. (What HK Smith calls "Sinomania.") RN couldn't afford not to take the Secy. of State with him on such a mission, said Elfin who further said it was essential diplomatically and politically for RN to make a move in the direction of the PRC.

## OTHER FOREIGN AFFAIRS

Leading US adviser in SVN, John Vann, took issue with charges that US withdrawal makes those remaining more vulnerable to attack. AP notes, however, that such is one main Admin. reason cited for increasing air sorties. Vann, one of the few to predict the '68 Tet offensive, says massed NVA will launch post-Tet attacks; but it's different than '68 altho some Dem. aspirants don't realize it.

AP's Gulick says a major block to expand US-USSR trade will be wiped out if Moscow's lend-lease debts are settled. Soviet move seen as sign of Russian interest in access to US technology and mass markets. ... Laird said he hoped SALT would include agreement on nuclear subs as well as other offensive and defensive weapons.

Luna 20 is in moon orbit and attempt to make a soft landing is expected.

Al Ahram reports a US woman diplomat was detained in Egypt after "being caught red-handed" in a spy ring investigation. She was a pawn in a Mideast crisis for several months, the paper says, with the US pressuring for her release.

4

Andreotti and his cabinet were sworn in in Italy. The new gov't is viewed as a preliminary to parliamentary elections a year ahead of time.

Following hours of talks with Heath and the state-run coal board, Britain's mine union leaders agreed to tally the workers on the 20% hike recommended by the Board of Inquiry. Picketing will stop til Wed. or Thurs. when ballots will be completed. NBC report made it appear unlikely miners, on initial reaction, would accept the proposal but UPI reports union claims of "important concessions" in the talks. And leaders are urging approval. 3 million now out of work.

With funds tied up in Hill fight over foreign aid, Joe Blatchford cabled Peace Corps volunteers and staffs that they will not be paid after Monday.

Laird wants military med. students allowed to attend schools that are throwing ROTC off campus. Note by CBS during film of Laird and Hebert with the Secy. avoiding direct answers as to whether he agreed with the MC's strong stance.

## ADMINISTRATION

A *Denver Post* (2/8) page is headed "Pueblo Scout Finds Nixon Warm and Relaxed." Boy Scout Frank Ramirez said he was "really impressed with the Pres." on his visit. "I got a totally different picture of the man I'd only known on TV. He really treated us like visitors in his own home." Young Ramirez, whose mother is going blind but still puts food on the table and gives that "extra special component of love," says "'Chicano' and 'Spanish-speaking' aren't good words at our house." His mother says they are Americans of Mexican descent.

Without debate, the Sen. confirmed Mrs. Whitman. . . . And Sen. Commerce approved Peterson.

## ECONOMY

Dow-Jones down 4.41 to 917.52. . . ABC/CBS note of 8.2% savings rate last year -- highest since '46, and noted Mudd, not a healthy sign as it reflects public uncertainty.

5

The revised 4th qtr. GNP was $1,072.9B, with the price deflator 1.7%. '71's deflator figure was put at 4.6%. ...UPI concludes that inflation was a little worse, business investment a little greater and exports a little less in the last Q. of '71 than expected.

CBS note that Arthur Okun (differed sharply with the Business Council's concern that gov't. spending might be too stimulative) and urged Hill to grant every taxpayer a $100 rebate on '71 taxes. If something is not done quickly, Okun said, unemployment will average 5.4% this year.

The Machinists filed suit against Boldt and Bd. saying aerospace workers were entitled to more than the 8.3% wage hike.

## RACIAL AFFAIRS

In a Senate record high, 53 signed cloture petition on the EEOC bill.

Noting that all 80 sponsors of anti-busing amendments want to testify personally, plus scores of citizens, Cellar said hearings will begin Feb. 28 and run at least to mid-March. ... Reagan called RN's meeting with MC's on busing "encouraging" and said he opposed mandatory busing to achieve racial balance. ... NBC note that Mondale said he will fight to stop any anti-busing moves.

Mich. Dems say the busing issue could give Wallace 25% of the primary vote and thus 25% of the State's delegation. Wallace said to be almost certain to enter the newly scheduled contest.

## ENVIRONMENT

Eagleton, angry and occasionally rising to a near shout, charged EPA had "emasculated" the anti-air pollution law and that the WH bowed to copper industry pressure. Ruckelshaus, equally annoyed and sometimes shouting back, said the charges were "categorically false" and "greatly distorted." Dole, claiming the charges were "erroneous, misinformed and misleading," said the issue was too important to waste time "contending with dummy problems." It was 2nd rough day on Hill for Ruck.

6

Jackson called for expansion of the new Youth Conservation
Corps despite Admin. opposition. Meanwhile the existing pilot
program for youths from all walks of life came under attack by
Black Caucus as discriminating against black youths. Jackson expects
Senate Interior vote soon on bill to expand the Corps from 2,600 to
100,000 members.

CRIME-RELATED

CBS note that Justice's Ambrose named 9 of a potential 30 target cities as field headquarters for the Admin. attack on heroin pushers and supplies.

The rejected juror for the Berrigan Trial repeated his charges of prejudicial opinions being voiced by jury members but the Judge didn't "comment" or "question" him about the charges. Later a defense atty. said: "We're not pushing for a mistrial and we're not pushing to replace any jurors." "There isn't sufficient evidence that we're aware of to warrant it."

Claiming the decision "removes the single obstacle," an attorney for Angela Davis will ask immediately that she be freed on bail in light of the Calif. Supreme Court ruling declaring the death penalty unconstitutional. . . . Reagan said he was shocked at the decision and asked the State AG to seek a rehearing. The Gov. said: "In this time of increasing crime, the people of Calif. are less safe now than before the Court decision."

POLITICS

UPI leads a dispatch, "With RN's PRC trip grabbing front-page headlines, Muskie made a whistle stop tour of central Fla. in an old-fashioned campaign train and vowed to ride it "from Jacksonville to the WH." . . . There seems to be confusion over the name of Muskie's train as UPI said it was the "Muskie Sunshine Special" while AP called it "The Spirit of '72."

Muskie told Fla. voters he can't believe they'll support Wallace "simply to make a protest." They'll want to help elect the next Pres. and that won't be Wallace, Muskie said. . . . Responding to a Mass. VFW query to all aspirants, Muskie said amnesty should be decided

7

at war's end when it can be considered "objectively and dispassionately.
... Amnesty lifts the burden of the decision from those who left the
country," but not from those who died or went to prison, Muskie said.

McGovern and Jackson have accepted Lindsay's debate invite for
Fla. ... McCarthy joined Muskie, HHH, McGovern and Jackson in
seeking at-large delegates in Ohio's primary.

Former Rep. Brooks Hays will run for Mizell's seat. ... "This redistricting has brutally emasculated and castrated the district," said Betty Briedan leading a protest over the reapportionment which pretty well carved up Abzug's district.

POST

Leads with Calif. death penalty ban and shift of all under it,
including Manson, to life imprisonment which allows parole hearings
after 7 years. ...''US Brands Alcohol Most Abused Drug'' is No. 2
story featured by four-column center-of-page photo of Chafetz and
NIMH doctor. ... British strike is No. 3 -- ''dramatic personal
appeal'' by Heath leads to union leaders' agreement and ''end is in
sight to crisis'' following a day of ''cliff-hanging developments.''
Heath warned that miners were risking pushing Britain over the brink.

"Pres Eyes Link to China" tops col. 2 on left with Karnow featuring the hope for "ongoing communcations belt." Speculation that VN, Korea, Sino-Soviet dispute will be discussed. Note of pandas possibly coming to DC zoo. NCNA commentary seen as PKC signal to RN that they have no intention of capitulating on fundamental issues such as claim to sovereignty over Taiwan tho they still want to improve general Sino-US relations. Also NCNA blast seen to placate PRC allies.

On p. 12, AP story on press plane studying Chinese, chopsticks
and PRC customs. Buckley reading Mao's quotes; Walters wondering
if she should wear long woolies to Great Wall. ... Also UPI story on
AFL-CIO criticism of alleged US ''tilt''... Karnow op ed piece on the
considerable changes which are going on in China, dramatized by the
removal of those increasingly famous 11 western books no longer

8

banned. "The thaw is wide-ranging. ... China is joining the rest of the world. ... While RN is wise to show prudence, he has reason to be optimistic to think that something more than rhetoric will emerge from his visit.

Kaiser from Moscow on how the prospect of Sino-US reapproachement is unnerving to Kremlin. They can see no "best result." Worst fears, however, were removed when RN agreed to come there. Still the PRC trip may well be that symbolic moment when an active PRC role in the world became the "unexpected and undesirable" reality for the Kremlin.

Other p. 1 *Post* stories: Connally to defend Admin. economic policies in campaign. ... Poverty and anarchy plague Bangladesh. ... HUD plans ceilings on controversial settlement costs. ... RN's Cab. Comm. on busing will focus also on school finances and substandard education. Thus a broad education policy statement rather than just a busing stand may be forthcoming from RN next month. ... Also p. 1 is steady climb of Montgomery Co. serious crime -- 8.2% for last 3 years and there's a story on the Hebert effort to ban military officers from taking grad courses where ROTC was banned. Services aren't pleased but Hebert is adamant.

And inside *Post* of interest: Ike's civil service chairman (Roger Jones) says Hatch Act should be significantly modified. Act's validity to be ruled on by special panel within next few months. ... US to be tough bargainer in USSR debt talks. ... Federal grand jury on Irving book orders Phillip Reiner, accountant in Hughes-Don Nixon loan, to appear.

Also in *Post*: Percy to get Mundt's spot on Foreign Relations -- beat Brooke in coin toss. ... Trudeau's refusal to yield to Connally pressure tho hardline tempered a bit as he didn't take an anti-US stand. ... Makarios continues to hold off Greek intervention. ... HHH gets support from Md. AG Francis Burch and Va's Lt. Gov. Henry Howell.

9

Childs says farce of the primaries has caused "a virtual break-
down of the legislative process." Apathy, fund shortages are further
serious consequences. And, as far as Dems are concerned, the
primary chaos is "tailormade for RN." ... Similarly Wm. S. White
takes after primaries -- specifically NH -- "A cheap winter carnival
[which] will prove nothing in any adult political sense." The whole thing
is as phony as the Irving-Hughes publicity. So absurd is the "vulgar
nonsense" of NH that "so-called challenger" McCloskey gets "unearned
national attention" by urging RN to debate him on way back from PRC.

Lead edit takes off -- again -- after Richardson's semi-proposal for school financing. Won't help preserve best schools while building up worst -- and those objectives should be focus of program.

LATE WIRES

Peking Radio said RN is on his way hoping to establish a "non-
belligerent dialogue." No commentary. ... Lengthy Thomas story
on Mrs. Nixon and the Chinese women about whom she is boning
up. Note of areas which Mrs. Nixon will see on her active schedule.
... An Italian news agency says Western newsmen in China were shown
weapons seized from GIs in Korea and were told PLA forces stand
ready to "liberate" Formosa at any time.

Wallace had 10,000 in Jacksonville cheering on their feet as he
delivered "a stinging attack" (UPI) on RN and the Dem aspirants.
Focus on the past support of each of the latter for busing. . . . A man
wounded in a St. Louis shootout has been charged in connection with
the murder of NYC policemen Foster and Laurie.

# # # #

China News Summary No. 5: Friday nets and pm Papers

Feb. 18, 1972

## Friday Nets

NBC led with 3:45 on trip noting RN relaxing, getting used to time change and studying intensively for talks with a man (Chou) who likes midnite to 4 am sessions. RN not expecting major developments but some hopes relayed in straight report by Chancellor which included 2 minutes of good film of RN arrival shaking hands with dignitaries and large, friendly crowd. Chancellor said RN looked pleased and rested. Note of WH announcement on some form of continuing diplomatic communications -- could be one of more important results, observed Chancellor who also said there's a growing belief there'll be 2 separate meetings with Mao who is China and without his approval and participation, there can be no real progress.

On RN studies, Chancellor said he's reading widely on matters not usually in a Presidential briefing book -- perhaps mystery, philosophy, nature of man, the nature of work. RN, said John, has been in delicate, high-level talks before but these may be the most subtle yet -- thus he's studying for it so closely.

Note by Utley that talks apparently will be business but not friendly in light of the "tough language" used by PRC to attack US foreign policy Friday.

No. 2 NBC story -- 5 minutes on HEW's plans for all-out ad campaign against the nation's "most abused drug" -- alcohol. Sample ads shown which will be directed at nation's 9 million problem drinkers and the other 86 million folks who sometimes drink.

Dr. Chavetz said no effort to say do or don't -- just urge that if you do drink, do so responsibly. ... Note of US-French seizure of cocaine. ... And commentary by Brinkley on 2 emotional and controversial issues -- busing and pot. The former will be acted upon as Establishment is opposed but there'll be no progress this year on pot as only young are really only ones concerned about it and there's not enough money in it to get Congress to act.

2

Other NBC reports: Hughes at top of another hotel; optimism over British strike settlement turns to pessimism as miners refuse a settlement they would have taken at first but now that they know their clout, they're going to demand even more. Comparison of very affluent Mills campaign and the shoestring McCloskey effort -- Pete's contributions are dried up; some of his volunteers live in his "dumpy, rent-free headquarters, etc. etc." Almost as if the boy needed money for a kidney transplant. ...Finally, film on SST mockup which may, after taking millions of US dollars go for $31,000 to a duo who want it for a non-existent museum.

CBS led with 4 minutes on Calif. decision to outlaw death penalty as it's "cruel and unusual punishment," degrading to all involved and unnecessary. (Only briefly noted by NBC.) Report clearly sympathetic to decision. Mrs. Sirhan says her son will be pleased as well.

RN trip was No. 3 (after HEW on alcohol) with straight 1:45 by
Rather who began by saying PRC is keeping RN in suspense on how
many times and if he'll get to meet Mao. He hopes for 2 sessions;
PRC now indicates there'll be one. Note of WH announcement of
hope for constant communications link -- permanent satellite station
possible. RN also reportedly wants shadow envoy in another
country's embassy. Growing indications VN will be on agenda, said
Dan who concluded with film of musk oxen.

6 minute CBS report on black Brig. Gen. Hamlet who took reporter on tour of area-his 1st Air Cav. covers to show how much active fighting they're involved in. He is a success story in himself, said reporter, but his real concern is that people in US believe GIs still in VN aren't fighting and he wants image corrected. The men are much "peeved" over this. All said they were proud to do what they're supposed to be doing -- killing geeks -- no dissent, pot etc. They're suffering casualties but killing 20 times as many enemy. Tho report emphasized war is not over in minds of these men -- and they resent Gov't implying that it is -- there was the welcome coverage of GIs who aren't demoralized, drugged or defiant.

3

CBS also had film of Muskie's Sunshine Special. The neither crowd reaction nor his lines were particularly memorable (attack on Wallace main feature) there was good handshaking film, good mood film of train and effective closing clip of Rosey Grier singing with guitar next to a relaxed Ed in shirt sleeves. A good day for mood and memory, said reporter Morton.

CBS closed with film of Hebert fully and proudly admitting it was he who was responsible for Navy refusal to allow its men to attend grad courses on those campuses who've kicked ROTC off.

4

ABC led with 4:15 on the trip -- Reasoner said Hawaii is giving RN time to rest and continue his reading and except for learning what the gifts are nothing new is known of WH aspirations. Reasoner said all Presidents like "firsts" and admittedly this (trip itself) is quite a first.

Jarriel with voice over good film of RN being greeted in Hawaii said the reception RN got would delight the most discriminating Chamber of Commerce. PN shared RN's enthusiasm. RN on film tells Gov. he plans to get a tan. Jarriel added the press -- the biggest byliners in the Country -- were in hot pursuit of RN and Ziegler tried to appease them with the list of gifts. RN is like an actor waiting in the wings with the supporting cast concerned over the apprehension of our Pacific allies. An on-going communication belt with the Chinese is a hope of RN. RN will return to Wash. in time for a prime-time TV report, said Tom.

HK Smith commented on sinomania -- the whole country is suffering. He is worried if Americans think Mao and Chou will teach us anything of world politics for they authored some of the biggest boobos in history: Korea, and the national nervous breakdown they call the Cultural Rev.

No. 2 story was on the Calif. ruling against the death penalty. Some guards say their job will now be tougher and Reagan on film saying it should be left to the Leg. (On CBS the gov. said he believes it's a deterrent to crime.)

Smith noted loss of 7 aircraft in 10 days (all nets -- 6 crewmen lost) and film from DaNang where recon. pilots report a heavy buildup of enemy forces.

Report on Muskie's whistle stop tour of Fla. -- considered a qualified success with large crowds tho Ed was termed not an HST-type campaigner. ... Lindsay also in Fla. with his fragile organization whose aim is to bring him in 3rd. Polls say he has a chance if he can overcome the fact that some sections of Fla. are suburbs of NY.

5

STAR

Banner: "Calif. Bans Death Penalty." ... 3 column lead "Pres. in Hawaii on First Leg of Trip" over Helen Thomas account and good RN/PN photo with leis in Hawaii. ... Top play also to the 7 US planes lost this week in Indochina and the 5 inches of snow in parts of DC with more on way. ... Below the fold: Muskie opposes amendment on busing; Lao counter-drive surprises NVA which is expected to try for a major victory during RN's time in PRC; DC budget; Earl Rhode's death and "Connally Set to Back GOP" -- at least to extent of defending Admin. economic policies. He says he can't help it if his actions are viewed as partisan.

Inside, McGrory wonders how the sharply differing RN and Chou will get along. Mary, perhaps predictably, portrays Chou in more admiring light. The 2 are brought together by "their antipathy to USSR, their pragmatism and their devotion to big-power diplomacy." McGrory says Chou obviously feels a GOP Pres. might be better than a Dem, partly due to LBJ Admin's harsh view of Lin Piao's '65 declaration. Trip will be as historic as RN claims, concludes McGrory, if RN - Chou carve up Indochina.

Other Star pieces on China: Russia disturbed at PRC overtures to Outer Mongolia; China's progress in solving her economic problems -- much success reported by Bradsher, but still a long way to go. Columns on trip by Lawrence, Wilson and Rowan. Recalling the problems caused Wilson by a divided US, the US News editor urges "a unified people as essential in the pursuit of peace" and has several graphs from Rev. Sayre's prayer "for the President's trip." ... Rowan writes from Hong Kong on befuddlement, unease and crossed fingers, especially in light of the harsh PRC attacks on the US. ... Wilson explains why, in an election year and with TV specials re-introducing the "who lost China" debate and the very delicate dialogue now beginning in Peking, "it can be expected that prudence will be exercised in satisfying the people's right to know."

Star's lead edit says burden of initiative on busing is with RN. But he should reject the amendment -- it would undercut some desegregation progress. Legislation, as Veep says, is more flexible. The Bickel-Pryor bill is a good starting point as it will equalize resources of various school districts.

Star woman's section leads with "No Acting Chief" on the Veep's attendance of function at Turkish Embassy. Straight. ... Inside is UPI story on Mrs. Nixon's plans and her continued boning-up on PRC.

["6", "## BALT. NEWS-AMERICAN", "2-level banner: \"Nixon Using Stop in Hawaii to Bone Up on China Talks\" over the good AP photo of RN/PN in Hawaii. Considine lead focuses on RN's \"crash course on how best to cope with Chou's brittle brilliance and the mood of mystical Mao.\" Stop being put to good use. \"RN feels he must be 'on the ball'" when talks start. HAK remains the \"chief tutor\" for this \"voyage that has no parallel in the history of the presidency.\" And the briefings \"must be the most thorough any chief executive ever endured.\" Considine also reflects the general view seen everywhere: \"RN was plainly delighted when bipartisan leaders showed up to wish well.\" And he was \"buoyant\" in Hawaii where he looked trim in a grey suit apropos for any Jaycee meeting while \"Pat looked summery in something pink.\" Inside photo of children crowding RN at the colorful Hawaii welcome.", "Heart's Kingsbury Smith on the complex Mao who abhors compromise and questioning of his views and who may give RN difficulty. But he fears USSR and Japan \"so RN may find Mao more conciliatory than he has been in past with those he considered opponents.\"", "## NY POST", "Good photo of RN with little girl on p. 1 with Cormier story on RN-Mao session in Hangchow on p. 4. Also musk ox story. Housing fraud leads this paper with remored Israeli-Jordan talks serving as second story. ... The trip has even defanged Harriet VanHorne who says if it opens up China to the West, \"it'll not have been in vain.\" And the *Post*'s lead edit says public wishes RN \"a safe and fruitful visit\" while also dreaming of \"a dawn in the East, after a long, troubled night.\"", "## WASH. NEWS", "Banner on Earl Rhode's death. ... P-5 is topped: \"Chou Weathered All Peking Storms.\" Good UPI of Gov. Burns and the Nixons with leis. Story on PRC population. Shackford's story on Chou says biggest gamble of RN trip is how long Chou's influence will remain. Considering his past record, likely to be a good while. His 2 major talents over years: Avoiding countless purges and willingness to let others be No. 2 or even No. 3 man. But he's clearly it today -- and thus perhaps more vulnerable. Shackford says Chou is ebbing toward new relationship with US; he expects RN to do more ebbing toward US relationship with PRC.", "Crowley with piece on Yeh Chien-ying -- RN will meet this military genius who is long-time Mao and Chou colleague, a deeply sincere man with wide interests."]

News Summary No. 4: Friday papers
and Morning TV - February 18, 1972

N. Y. Times

Lead story with 4 column photo of RN/PN waving from copter. Heads and subheads over Szuk story: "Pres. leaves on Trip to China; Stops in Hawaii/Throng at WH sees him and 1st Lady Off on Historic Journey/ He says Unity is Goal/ Tells Crowd Way is Sought to Have Differences with Peking Without War." RN remarks on p. 14. . . . Story doubts 8,000 were there. Points to way RN singling out kids in his remarks, given without notes. Moon plaque cited at end of p. 1 column. Straight article by Szuk

Full page (14) inside headed over 2 photos - RN/PN handshaking/Chopper airborne as crowd watches -- "Nixon, Departing on His Journey to China, Says His Principal Aim Will be Amity." Stories on "TV's Biggest Show since Man-on-the-Moon" and on the lack of space being given the visit by Chinese press. Still it has been widely discussed among citizenry and is presented to them as "a triumphant outcome of Peking's policies."

Times edit expresses some concern about the "minimal public preparation in PRC for RN's visit" but sees liberalization in lifting of ban on those 11 Western books. This lead edit sees RN's goal similar so that of Khrushchev when he came here -- to resume a dialogue and show the 2 sides can talk and deal normally with each other. RN has helped considerably to deflate any ideas that VN's end or other major changes will result.

2

Reston sees Moorer's testimony on need to prepare for PRC as well USSR war as reflective both of difficulty in moving from cold war talk to "era of negotiation" and of RN's problem in keeping many plates in air at same time. RN has been far more conciliatory than Moorer whose remarks are bound to have impact in China. Tough talk to Moscow seems to help but Reston's not sure that's the case with PRC. He calls the summit "a worthwhile if spectacular experiment" and quotes a Chines proverb: "Even the highest towers begin from the ground."

Ross Terrill in *Times* says 1st RN task in his "admirable initiative" is to move toward diplomatic relations. Taiwan must be dealt with to do this. Terrill says the civil war issue must be ended and Taiwan's gov't become representative of that island and claim no more. Further U.S. reductions in military operations on Taiwan must occur. China, Terrill con- cludes, as re-entered "our work on something like equal terms. A dialogue without end has begun in which there can't be victors and need not be victims."

Other p. 1 *Times* articles: Soviet oks debt talks; House votes to expand antipoverty program "threat of veto defied", Commons narrowly ok's EEC entry; Business Council economists have "strong concern" that Gov't stimulus is excessive; Richmond protest; Hughes. And Gwertzman says SALT treaty is expected in May with limit of 150-200 ABMs for both sides.

Also of interest: Chief Murphy wants federal help in tracking down killers of the 2 NYC cops who died 2 weeks ago. ... Canada wants to work for improved trade relations with U.S. ... An AID official in Laos raps EMK and others who over-react to refugee problem and fail to understand the positive assets of U.S. policy in Laos.

3

... Senate assertiveness (Harry Byrd's Armed Serv. subcomm.) perils U.S. base accord with Spain.

Full column on Ruck's defense of his powers vis a vis OMB (also film of this on CBS Am News -- very forceful in response to Eagleton.) ... Meany warns of new dock strikes if Pay Bd. trims settlements.

Church and Idaho Gov. Andrus to endorse Muskie...
Apple says VN and busing have come squarely before
public in last 2 weeks and are likely to dominate thru
Nov. Jackson's amendment seen as "smell of
desparation" but still, along with RN, has served to
put HHH and Muskie in very difficult position. Muskie
went to a grocery to discuss food prices -- the ladies
were discussing busing. He's seen to have gained
re: VN however, appearing, due to Admin attacks,
particularly HRH, as "a man villified for voicing his
own convictions." Apple says if war is as unpopular
as it appears and there are continued NVN/VC rebuffs
to RN, "Muskie can only look better as weeks roll by."
Similar to RN's capitalizing in '66 on LBJ's charge that
he (RN) was a "chronic campaigner."

Edit, predictably, sees Kleindienst as more qualified
than Mitchell for AG and is glad to see the latter
heading for post for which he is "infinitely better
qualified." ... Sulzberger feels Gandhi does want to
avoid excessive reliance on Soviets and altho that may
be of surprise to Russia which may plan "to submit
a bill" for its past support, C.L. feels US and PRC
should help India in steering clear of any strong Moscow
links.

4

* * * *

## Monitor

Banner: "Nixon Set for hard bargaining in Peking" over photo of RN/PN wave from S'76. Sheldon uses RN's reply to Malroux as take-off -- "we will have an answer." Notes "cheery, happy WH farewell." And he focuses on intensive RN/HAK preparation and notes WH relief that Chou won't be dealing in personal animosities. Taiwan seen as "one distressing subject" on which compromise this time is unlikely.

Other p. 1 stories: Moscow's lack of enthusiasm for trip and Sperling on RN's views on summitry as related in '68 to surprised reporters who'd always seen RN as inflexible hard-line Communist hater. Emphasis in RN's views on needs for careful preparation and for tough, hard-bargaining stance on talks underway. Sperling sees PRC summit as method used by RN to get to the Soviet summit he spoke of wanting as far back as '68.

Other Monitor features of interest: Labor's plans to beat RN; lead edit on "the perils of pot" in light of speculation over decriminalizing proposals to come from RN's Commission on Drug abuse. Long prison sentences for pot use are wrong but *Monitor* sees no reason to abolish all penalties on its use as that's only a backhanded route to legalization.

* * * *

## Chicago Tribune

Banner: "Hughes Flies to Nicaragua." No. 2 story: "Nixon leaves on 1st leg of Trip to China" with center photo of RN/PN waving from S'76. Starr emphasizes that the trip began "with uncommon support" even from persistent critics such as Fulbright. Played high is comparison with Apollo II Mission. Note of RN "moderation" in remarks as he leaves to see a gov't which has been "the most virulent and unrelentingly hostile to US for several years." Note of the warm farewell from Julie and Tricia.

5

P. 2 is all trip with 3 photos of RN w/Mansfield Connally and the Veep; text of RN remarks; AP wire "Nixon asks Prayers for Peace, piece on Beckman representing the *trib* P. 4 features Many warning RN trip may be costly and emphasizes it is a political move. Also stories on Marco Polo -- another notable traveler to Peking -- and on Chinese pride in accomplishments in education. *Trib's* photo page with RN goodbye wave and embraces with Julie and Tricia. Most of page with maps and description of China.

Also p. 1 is the arrest of Karleton Armstrong for the U. of Wis. bombing in 1970.... Bill Anderson says RN's '56 NH ballot support may be precedent for effort by VP Agnew supporters to boost him for 2nd term. Problem will be how Veep himself can convince media he's not involved -- which he isn't -- and the Brooke complicating factor. Will any WH aides help Brooke, Anderson wonders.

* * * *

6

Balt. Sun

Page 1 good, 4-column photo RN/PN with leis in Hawaii; photo accompanies lead by Potter: "Nixon en route to China, Crowd Greets Pres, Wife at Hawaii." Tells of PN bringing "boots and longies" for PRC cold. RN "obviously in high spirits" and "ebullient" said Potter.

Page 2 topped by RN-Mans field photo. Straight lengthy Potter article on departure continues on p. 2. Note that official party deliberately limited in keeping with RN's description of the trip as a 'working visit.'"

Page 1 also carried Woodruff by-line from Hong Kong quoting un-named senior US diplomat in SE Asia saying "all the big pieces in the East Asia puzzle have come unstuck" --- doing "a weightless float" to see "who will be next to them when they come down." That may be over-stating, "but not by much." Woodruff notes next decade in Asia will be noted by Sino-Soviet rivalry; that Soviets have assumed "containment" of China in reacting to the squeeze.

Focus on shock and misgivings caused in Asia by trip and the cautious expectations put on its outcome by Western diplomats.

Page 1 also with report from Moscow saying *Tzvestia* "nervously marked" RN's departure with charge that WH is warmer to PRC than Soviet Union. (Wide play today.) Called "one of the most open" marks of Soviet "suspicion." Note that Soviet verbal attacks on PRC have grown steadily angrier since trip was announced. Still Soviets are careful not to make personal attacks on RN.

*Sun* cartoon of friendly-looking Chinese dragon, while RN, hand on dragon nose, tells HAK "How about that ... his nose is cold!", Head edit critical of US air raids in VN and questions optimistic appraisals of Vietnamization in light of the raids.

7

Balt. Sun (cont.) Also of interest: Corddry says Laird only

moderated "somewhat" his remarks dis-
connecting ULMs from SALT.

***

N. Y. D. News

Banner: "Hughes Pops Up in Nicaragua."

P. 1 photo of RN/PN waving from S. of '76

captioned: "The Start of Something Great?"

P. 2 is all trip with recount of sendoff as
"Nixons Embark on 'Journey for Peace'"

and photo of waving RN at Andrews. Lead by
Carter/Van Riper on cheers from 2500 and
liberal use of RN quotes. Note that RN will
be spending more time in any single country
than any Pres. since Wilson to Versailles...

Alealy on RN overtaking Ike's travel pace and
"historic firsts" of Moscow and Peking visits.

Ted Lewis sees Americans on a China binge --
an escape valve from our daily problems it is
a "mesmerizing, tranquilizing agent." He sees
this unexpected phenomenon as a political problem
for this interest in the mystery of Chinese life
tends to subordinate the importance of what RN
accomplishes as well as to throw into question any
possible carry-over benefit for RN in Nov. In any
case, return to past US/PRC estrangement now
seems almost impossible.

Inside is RN w/Mansfield photo and half of center
page has 4 good photos of departure captioned:
"Hail to a Chief on a Peacepath" ... Also of interest -
good story on Dole's criticism of Muskie, Clifford
and Harriman. Also report that WH aides hail
the court ordered delay of Forest Hills ... Cartoon
of S. '76 on way to Peking captioned "For a
Safer World."

***

8

W.S. Journal

RN's PRC trip leads WSJ World-Wide news, noting Cong. briefing, no agenda for PRC talks, and RN's little expectation for immediate dip.relations. Also note of no Soviet objection to trip.

WSJ's Ed Fuller notes RN's PRC trip has generated a "small flurry" of books on China and its affairs and he hopes RN and HAK have included *The Revenge of Heaven: Journal of a Young Chinese* (by a young Red Guard) and Humphrey Trevelyan's *Living With the Communists: China 1953-5* on their reading list.

Allen Large says pollster Becker is Muskie's most formidable foe as he hangs 65% around Muskie's neck as NH prediction.... "Washington Wire" notes: Busing has set off an agonizing Admin. struggle over possible solutions between libs and conservatives. A compromise could emerge -- if the Admin. split could bust open at March hearings.... Buchanan to PRC may reassure worriers about softness to Peking. Kleindienst appointment also seen reassuring to right... RN has shelved Romney's Operation Tacle as WH aides say it would be a political liability now.

Increased attack on dollar by speculators in Europe tied to Connally's rejection of any quick restoration of convertibility to gold. Lead edit notes Admin. disappointment over slight coverage given Stein's Press Club speech. Again reflective of *Journal's* disapproval of Admin-economic policies and while conceding good humor is certainly possessed by Stein and often delightful, economics isn't meant to be all fun and games.

9

Boston Globe

"Nixon Starts Historic Journey for Peace" is banner over Kraslow story in Globe and 4 column photo of RN/PN embrace with daughters. P. 2, all on trip is headed: "Kennedy (in Tokyo) says Nixon Trip Worries Japanese." Other stories on Mrs. Nixon's hairdresser, the musk oxen (with photo); the "sour note" from Taiwan; "concern and suspicion" from Russia; text of remarks; high praise from Bill Moyers for RN's "hard and courageous step."

Straight account by Kraslow on RN's hopeful tho cautious words, the "enthusiastic" RN on the plane, the warm praise for RN at the leadership meeting and extensive use of RN remarks. ... Inside another Kraslow piece on the advice given reporters on water, food, tips, etc. while in China. ... A p. 1 piece on Roger Ailes credits him with developing RN's "new" TV image in '68.

Lead edit wishes RN well and says if a little acorn is planted, success will have been achieved. But excess expectations must be tempered.

* * * *

10

Today

Today film of RN arrival in Hawaii, as lead in all major news segments, reporting RN mood said to be "ebullient." Note of chat with reporters and staff. Good footage of good and friendly crowd.

Today discussed non-secret CIA Atlas published on PRC; McGee highlighted geographical/demographic figures comparative to U.S. ... Donald Klein, Columbia PRC expert, said of more than 30 newsmen he briefed, most wanted to know "how to fill all that time" with RN in secret talks. Answer "sort of evolved" said Klein, to give much coverage to Mrs. Nixon. Klein commented PRC presently "very nervous" about USSR. One news segment gave film on Sen. Jackson at AFL-CIO Miami meet saying he hopes Mao will offer to settle VN; Many on film saying he thinks this a show to get RN re-elected. And Levine followed up -- effectively -- by saying that's why Many opposes trip -- he's afraid it will help RN.

John Rich in Japan saying that PRC trip already has changed the Diplomatic Face of Asia. ... "the Thaw is underway." Rich will go to Peking.

Major 20 minute interview by McGee with (1) George Ball, (2) Harrison Salisbury and (3) Norway's UN Amb. Aalgaard. Ball opined that altho reopening communications with PRC is good, RN's personal presence is a "diplomatic overkill" that "distorts" actual value; it may cause Japan grave reconsideration about military re-arming. Ball contended that State and HAK should have been level of contact. Ball's negative comments essentially a rehash of his *Times* article.

Salisbury suavely pooh-poohed Ball's
position recalling that RN has for a "long,
long time" desired to make this trip; that
RN had once said to him (Salisbury) that
such summitry requires substantial
advance technical prep, but only the top
men can make agreements. And this trip
has had such preparation. Salisbury
described RN as "statesmanlike." Trip is
a "watershed" -- very positive remarks by
Salisbury. Aalgaard reflected that his
many contacts show most people "very
favorably" disposed to RN trip. He cited
institutionalized summits between European
leaders as very worthwhile.

Also of interest on *Today*: Connally on film
as he used all his "charm and persuasion"
to defend Phase 2 despite food price
controversy. He strongly indicated that if
he has anything to do about it, there'll be
no controls on raw agricultural products --
they just don't work.

CBS AM NEWS

Led by noting New China News Agency's
blast at US as "global aggressor" playing
"power politics." Then about 3 minutes from
Hawaii -- large colorful crowd and tho the
lei was routine, said B. Kalb, what wasn't
routine was sense of excitement over RN's
efforts to ease tensions. But there's caution
also -- Presidential caution as Kalb noted
RN's "no illusions" remark. Note of RN
remarks on plane ... Interview with China
scholar John Hawkins, just back from PRC,
with film on PRC education. Sympathetic
report -- as to degree of freedom -- what
freedom did Chinese peasant have before
Revolution? Granted intellectuals are under
constraints and feel them but peasants have
culture and knowledge never before available
to them.

* * * *

12

WIRES

Cormier says RN is likely to meet Mao in the picturesque resort city of Hangchow -- a favored retreat of Mao. A Hangchow meeting would further underscore the apparent political elipse of Mao inasmuch as RN and Chou are expected to dispose of serious negotiations before Hangchow.

* *

UPI feature leads: "RN's trip comes at a time when, in the eyes of many U.S. Analysts, the Chinese have just emerged as a world military power. . . . the new respect accorded China militarily was underscored by the reports of Laird and Moorer, both, for the first time, dealt extensively with the Armed Forces of PRC."

* * * *

AP report on very hush-hush US Gov't scientific study of acupuncture.

* *

AP also reports USSR is adopting an aloof "wait and see" attitude toward RN's trip, but the reaction is mostly hostile among Moscow's allies in Europe.

* *

If RN withdrew all GIs from VN right now, it would be difficult for the Communists to win the war, David Packard said. "ARVN Vietnamese would be fairly capable of defending themselves.". Communist broadcasts threatened widespread attacks on major cities of Laos for the first time in the war and urged the VC to "make the greatest efforts to score new victories" in SVN.

French and US authorities blocked an
attempt to introduce $1.4 worth of cocaine
into the US from Martinique. Four arrests.

* *

The murder-suicide of CLC's Earl Rhode
and wife apparently was spurred by domestic
troubles arising from long hours on the
job administering Phase 2, neighbors told
police. Mrs. Rhode shot her husband and
then killed herself.

The California Supreme Court has ruled
the death penalty unconstitutional.

* *

Bernadette Devlin was sentenced to six
months in jail for defying a Government
ban on parades. She and another MP were
among 13 given the mandatory sentence.

* *

The Heath Govern-appointed Court of
Inquiry overrode the government
anti-inflationary wage ceiling and recom-
mended a 20% pay boost for coal miners.
The government had set an 8% limit.
Miners wanted 30%. Settlement expected to
be accepted.

* * * *