THE FLETCHER SCHOOL OF LAW AND DIPLOMACY
TUFTS UNIVERSITY

ADMINISTERED WITH THE COOPERATION OF HARVARD UNIVERSITY

OFFICE OF THE DEAN

MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS 02155

FEB 18 1966

February 16, 1966

Dear Henry:

I am glad that you will be able to come to hear Lord Caradon
on the 24th.

I can certainly sympathize with the matter of conflicting engage-
ments so please feel free to come at 5:00 and stay as long as you can.

EAG:mm

Professor Henry A. Kissinger
Harvard University
Center for International Affairs
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138

TUFTS UNIVERSITY

*A Graduate School of International Affairs*

The
William L. Clayton Lectures, 1965-66

Lord Caradon
(Sir Hugh Foot)

G.C.M.G., K.C.V.O., O.B.E.

Minister of State for Foreign Affairs
and United Kingdom Representative at the
United Nations

Subject: COLONIALISM AND ITS AFTERMATH

Wednesday, February 23 THE END OF THE OLD EMPIRES

Thursday, February 24 NEW NATIONS AND NEW DANGERS

Friday, February 25 NEW NATIONS AND NEW HOPES

COHEN AUDITORIUM
TALBOT AVENUE
TUFTS UNIVERSITY

8:30 EACH EVENING
OPEN TO THE PUBLIC
ADMISSION FREE

GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS INSTITUTE

1726 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
DuPont 7-6964

Biographical data on Dr. Antonio CARIGLIA of Italy, a participant in the Foreign Leader Program of the United States Department of State. Program arranged by Mr. Albert E. Keogh

1965

NAME: Antonio CARIGLIA

PRESENT POSITIONS:

Vice Secretary of the Italian Social Democratic
Party (PSDI)

Member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies (Social
Democratic Party)

Member, International Socialist Bureau, London

PERSONAL DATA:

Born: Vieste (Foggia), March 28, 1924

Address: Via Trevis 70, Rome, Italy

Marital Status: Married, one daughter

Academic Training:

Doctorate in Political Science, University of
Florence, 1948

Thesis topic: "The United States Supreme Court"

Travels Abroad:

Western Europe and the United States.

Dr. Cariglia visited the Southern, Midwestern,
Northeastern sectors of the United States in
1953.

English Ability:

Inadequate. Dr. Cariglia is accompanied by a
Department of State escort-interpreter, Mr. Guido
Bachi

PAST POSITIONS:

Secretary of the Italian Labor Confederation (UIL),
1953-54

OTHER PRESENT POSITIONS:

Member, Foreign Affairs Committee of the Chamber
of Deputies

Member, Defense Committee of the International
Socialist Bureau, London

PUBLICATIONS:

Numerous articles on Italian labor, defense,
foreign policy and political ideologies

SPECIAL INTERESTS:

Literature and sports

(see reverse side)

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES OF UNITED STATES VISIT:

While being one of the youngest member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies, Dr. Cariglia holds a senior position with the PSDI (the Italian Social Democratic Party) as Vice Secretary. Until recently, President Saragat, one of the most respected Italian politicians, headed the PSDI. This Party has actively supported NATO, the Common Market, and the "Atlantic Community" and has been a member of the various government coalitions during the past decade or more.

During his visit to the United States, Dr. Cariglia hopes to meet with American politicians, particularly those who have an active interest in foreign policy and military matters. In addition, he would like to meet with intellectuals and academicians who are associated with American politics.

**************

The following two gentlemen are traveling with Dr. Cariglia:

Dr. Vittorio LOMBARDI

Born: 1925

Education: Doctorate in Economics, 1950

Present Positions: Member, Central Committee of the PSDI

Member, Government Agency for Resort and Health Centers

Vice President of a savings bank in Pistoia

Dr. Ernesto D'ABRUZZO

Born: 1921

Education: Degree in Physical Education

Present Positions: Member, Provincial Executive Committee of the PSDI

Councilman for Pistoia

JOB DESCRIPTION

Title: --- DIRECTOR, WORCESTER INTERNATIONAL CENTER

Salary Range: $4,500. - $5,200. with minimum experience
$5,200. - $6,000. if experienced person is available

OBJECTIVES OF POSITION:

To provide a program of activity based on interests of members and to allow
for social contacts between foreign visitors and Worcester area citizens.

To recruit and develop leadership as needed for the program.

To administer the program efficiently and according to the policy set up by
the Executive Committee.

MAJOR RESPONSIBILITIES:

Work with the council of organizations cooperating with Center (and/or
Executive Committee) and work with Program Committee and other volunteers.

Coordinate community facilities in the Center's program, including wives
and children of foreign visitors and college students in general.

Be available to counsel people in need of this type of assistance.

Develop list of Worcester area housing needs of foreign visitors and avail-
able housing for foreign visitors.

Be responsible for records, both clerical and financial. Do clerical work
necessary, keeping card files of members, participating organizations and other
data.

Report monthly in writing to the Executive Committee of the Center.

Arrange schedule of work to cover Wednesday through Sunday, including avail-
ability of self during necessary evenings.

Plan and create all promotional work in connection with the Center.

Must work through the appointed staff person of the Worcester YWCA on all use
of YWCA facilities where his office will be located.

Seek volunteers to assist in various programs of Center.

Develop list of organizations and people to be of possible assistance finan-
cially and otherwise for foreign visitors in this area.

Contact all colleges, hospitals, students, industries and other sources of
foreign visitors in the Worcester area.

GENERAL POLICIES:

It is expected that the person hired for this position will have no definite
hours, although his work in any event will not exceed sixty hours a week.

It is expected that the person hired for this position will have Monday and
Tuesday off each week.

It is expected that the person hired shall schedule his vacation to conform
to the needs of the Center, but in any event such person shall have at least
thirty working days of vacation, plus time off for holidays worked.

The salary of the person hired will be paid through the Worcester YWCA and
shall be paid semi-monthly; but the person hired shall be responsible directly
to the Executive Committee and officers of the International Center. The person
hired will be required to join the Blue Cross-Blue Shield group plan of the
Worcester YWCA.

Language qualifications are preferable but not essential.

The person who accepts this position must be a missionary in his desire to begin the
International Center in the City of Worcester, Massachusetts.

International Center in the City of Worcester, Massachusetts.
The person who accepts this position must be a stationary in the desire to begin the
language qualifications are acceptable but not essential.

Worcester MAVC.
The person will be required to join the Blue Cross-Bline Shield Group plan of the
to the Executive Committee and officers of the International Center. The person
will be paid semi-monthly; but the person hired shall be reasonable directly
The salary of the person hired will be paid through the Worcester MAVC and
spially working days of vacation, blue time oft for holidays worked.
to the needs of the Center, but in any event such person shall have at least
it is expected that the person hired shall schedule his vacation to conform
To each week each week.
it is expected that the person hired for this position will have Monday and
Pons' strongly his work in any event will not exceed sixth pons a week.
it is expected that the person hired for this position will have no definite

GENERAL POLICIES:

Develop list of organizations and people to be of possible assistance through volunteers to assist in various programs of Center.
of MAVC facilities where his office will be located.
Must work through the appointed staff person of the Worcester MAVC on all such plans and create all promotional work in connection with the Center.
Spply of felt during necessarily ensuing.

Arrange schedule of work to cover Wednesday through Sunday, includingав-Report monthly in writing to the Executive Committee of the Center.

data.

Be reasonable for records, both clerical and financial. Do clerical work
spite:ing for foreign visitors.

Develop list of Worcester area housing needs of foreign visitors and avail-
Be available to counsel people in need of this type of assistance.

Coordinate community facilities in the Center's program, including wives
Executive Committee) and work with Broadsman Committee and other volunteers.

Work with the council of organizations cooperating with Center (and or

MY JOB REQUIREMENTS:

the Executive Committee.

To administer the program efficiently and according to the policy set up by
To recruit and develop leadership as needed for the program.

OBJECTIVES OF POSITION:

Safely Range: $2,300. - $8,000. if experienced person is available
Safely Range: $4,500. - $2,300. with minimum experience

Title: ---- DIRECTOR, WORCESTER INTERNATIONAL CENTER

JOB DESCRIPTION

COUNCIL ON LEADERS AND SPECIALISTS
of the

EXPERIMENT IN INTERNATIONAL LIVING
1725 De Sales Street, N.W., Suite 802
Washington, D.C. 20036

BCIV

BIOGRAPHICAL DATA ON: Mr. Jean CASTAREDE, Deputy Chief
Cabinet of the Minister of Information
Paris, France

Participant in the Foreign Specialist Program of the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs,
U.S. Department of State (FY 1964, PL 256)

Visiting the United States: January 2 - February 15, 1964

DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH: March 6, 1934; Bordeaux, France

NATIONALITY: French

HOME ADDRESS: 41, rue Copernic, Paris 16e, France

MARITAL STATUS: Married; two children

ACADEMIC TRAINING:

Graduated from Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales - H.E.C. (Business School) (1955); Law degree (Licence en Droit), University of Paris (1955); University of Bristol, United Kingdom (Jan. - Nov. 1963); Degrees (Diplome d'Etudes Superieures) in Political Economy and Economic Science, University of Paris (1956 - Ph.D. 1963).

PRESENT POSITIONS:

Deputy Chief, Cabinet of the Minister of Information (Chef-Adjoint de Cabinet du Ministre de l'Information - since September 1962). In charge of French economic matters, European integration and the Common Market.

Associate Professor at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (H.E.C. - since 1959).

Assistant Professor on European questions at the Ecole Francaise des Attaches de Presse (1963, 1964. This school was founded 4 years ago for the training of future journalists and public relations personnel).

PAST POSITIONS:

Special Assistant to the Secretary General for European economic cooperation matters. Student on the Prime Minister (especially responsible for questions regarding the Common Market and parliamentary relations. 1959-62).

Deputy Chief of Cabinet of the Minister of Rapatriate (April - Sept. 1962).

ORGANIZATIONS:

Member and Editor for Comite Francais pour l'Union Parla-opeenne. Founded in 1960, the aims of this organization (Vice President: Mr. Peyrefitte, Minister of Information) revolve about active dissemination of PanEuropean Union's doctrines. Its policies: Franco-German friendship based on the recently concluded treaty; integration of Britain in United Europe; promotion of East-West relations.

<table>
  <tr>
    <td>PUBLICATIONS:</td>
    <td>Doctoral thesis submitted June 27, 1963: La Construction Economique de l'Europe et ses Implications Politiques (to be published in book form). Editor of the monthly Bulletin of Comite Francais pour l'Union Paneruopeenne. Numerous articles on economic subjects for French periodicals.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>TRAVELS ABROAD:</td>
    <td>Spain, Holland, Great Britain (study tours. 1952-55). United States (study of market conditions and methods under Experiment in International Living Program. April - July, 1955). Military service missions to Germany, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Sahara, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Upper Volta (responsible for relations between French and U.S. Air Forces. 1956-59).</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>KNOWLEDGE OF ENGLISH:</td>
    <td>Good.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:</td>
    <td>Mr. Castarede is particularly interested in undertaking a synthesis of private economic enterprise, which, on the one hand, calls for competition and dynamic economic activity, and, on the other, the promotion of public interest and welfare. He would like to visit: 1) American organizations and foundations, e.g., Ford, Rockefeller, Carnegie, 20th Century, Hudson Institute, Rand Corporation. 2) Institutes, universities, associations, groups whose activities are devoted to the search for solutions to present and anticipated problems governing: business and the economic market (structures and economic information), education (including mass culture and the development of civic spirit), urbanization and living conditions, recreation, spare-time and the audio-visual revolution (with a particular interest in educational television). 3) Sociologists or economists concerned with these problems. 4) Magazines interested in these topics.<br/><br/>The purpose of the candidate's visit is to discover solutions which could be adapted to French problems; he is prepared to follow up contacts made in the United States upon his return to France.<br/><br/>In his present position at the Ministry of Information and as a member of a newly created service in the Ministry, the candidate will be entrusted with the task of studying the principal problems which will confront France in the next 20 years: mapping future activities - organization of urban space, development of activity, especially of youth in the country's cultural, economic and social life.<br/><br/>Mr. Castarede will be in an excellent position, upon his return to France, to disseminate through articles and television programs experiences and information acquired during his visit to the United States. He should therefore be given the opportunity to become familiar with American public relations methods in both public and private sectors.</td>
  </tr>
</table>

LC:ma

April 22, 1957

My dear Madame Castillon du Perron:

It is unbelievable that I have not replied before this to
your letter of February 20, but, as you know, all Americans
are bureaucrats. I spend all day in dictating silly letters and
answering telephone calls. I always tell myself that I will
write more intelligent letters to people I like, with the result
that since I never have time for that intelligent letter, I only
write people I do not particularly care for.

Another difficulty has been that there is really very little
I can do about your proposal until you get over here -- and even
then, it may not be easy. I would suggest, therefore, that as
soon as you arrive, you call me and I shall see what can be done.

If you are going to speak about French women and their
nerves, perhaps you will let me come along as a commentator.
I still remember the eventing in your charming flat in Paris with
a great deal of pleasure -- not to speak of the strange days in
Cambridge -- how many years ago?

Best regards,

Madame Marguerite Castillon du Perron
Avenue Sylvestre de Sacy, 1
Paris VII, France

Marguerite Castillon du Perron a 31 ans, quatre enfants, mari chef de laboratoire à l'hôpital Cochin, fille du chinois Pierre Jolibois, membre de l'Académie des Sciences, arrière petite-fille de Victor Duruy, ministre de l'Instruction Publique sous le Second Empire et historien.

A publié dans la Revue des Deux Mondes, dans la Table-Ronde, dans Miroir de l'Histoire.

Biographie de "la Princesse Mathilde", "un règne féminin sous le Second-Empire," 1953, Amiot-Dumont, couronné par l'Académie Française, traduction anglaise chez Heinemann, Londres, 1956.

Roman, "Laure, ou la prison du silence", Amiot-Dumont, 1955, couronné par l'Académie Française.

En préparation, une biographie en trois volumes de "Louis-Philippe, roi des Français": 1) Le proscrit, 2) Le prince, 3) le roi. Premier volume à paraître au printemps de 1958.

A donné des Conférences à l'Institut Napoïéon, à la Société historique et Archéoligique du VIIème et XVème arrondissements.

A bénéficié en 1953 d'une bourse à Harvard, International Seminar, dirigé par Henry Kissinger, section "Humanities".

en 1956 d'une bourse au Seminar de Salsburg, section de Droit, bourse donnée par Mr Adams directeur de cet American Seminar.

Ci-joint quelques extraits de Presse :

## Sur La Princesse Mathilde. 1953

### Nouvelles Littéraires :

Mme Castillon du Perron fait un début éclatant avec la Princesse Mathilde, elle a eu accès aux papiers personnels et à la correspondance de la princesse .... Un livre excellent et très heuf qui constitue le plus prometteur des débuts.

### Carrefour :

Un nouvel historien, une étude remarquable.

### Le Figaro littéraire :

Une phrase de la préface d'Adrien Dansette nous rassure d'abord : "La princesse Mathilde a trouvé son biographe ... Le mérite de l'auteur est d'avoir utilisé intelligemment des inédits et de les avoir heureusement fondus dans un documentação considerable .... Les rapports des écrivains avec la princesse Mathilde ne sont pas le moindre intérêt d'un livre copieux et attachant : on y trouvera des lettres inédites de Dumas fils, Gautier, Taine, Edmond de Goncourt Renan et de bien d'autres.

### Revue de Paris :

La princesse Mathilde, fille du Roi Jérôme, et nièce de Napoléon, a vu de nombreux historiens s'attacher à sa mémoire, mais elle a rencontré en Mme Castillon du Perron un historien informé, sensible et indulgent.

### Sur Laure. 1955.

### Les Nouvelles Littéraires :

Dans ce premier roman Mme Castillon du Perron fait preuve de dons évidents ...

### La France catholique :

L'ouvrage vaut par lui-même, par la qualité de son art, par la gravité du sujet ... Le roman montre de rares qualités de pénétration, de psychologie, aussi bien que de son spirituel, de style aussi ...

### Bulletin critique du Livre Français :

Ce récit se fait remarquer par une retenue bien rare aujourd'hui ...

Le Monde : Ce roman fait penser, je crois que l'auteur l'a voulu, à certains romans d'Estaunié. L'influence que j'y ai vue surtout est celle de M. Mauriac ... Dans ce roman imparfait, le meilleur est la scène où Laure est invitée par sa belle-mère à aller sur place apprécier son rêve.

### Bulletin des Lettres. Lyon :

Voici une jeune-femme qui, l'autre année a pris rang et une place en vue parmi les historiens, en faisant revivre la Princesse Mathilde.

Ce qu'elle connaît de l'homme et de la femme n'est pas livresque, et ce nouveau livre en témoigne, qui est un roman parmi les meilleurs de l'année. C'est un beau livre, mais un livre très comme un sanglot qu'on étouffe, cruel comme une lèvre mordue pour garder contenance, nerveux comme la main qui déchire un mouchoir..."

### Tribune de Genève :

Marguerite Castillon du Perron se classe d'emblée parmi les meilleurs auteurs féminins actuels...

### Courrier de l'Ouest :

Il y a là un ton d'âme d'une telle sincérité qu'on se laisse emporter par le récit comme dans un grand voyage ...

### Rivarol :

La mesure dans l'émotion, dans la composition de l'atmosphère, est une qualité assez rare, qui fait passer avec bénéfice ce qu'il y a de déjà vu, d'un peu usé, dans l'idée où se situe, " Laure, ou la prison du silence".

1726 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
DUpont 7-6964

Biographical data on Dr. Venerio CATTANI of Italy, a participant in the Foreign Leader Program of the United States Department of State. Program arranged by Mr. Albert E. Keogh.

1965

NAME: Dr. Venerio CATTANI

PRESENT POSITION:

Under Secretary of Agriculture and Forests

Deputy, Chamber of Deputies, Socialist Party
(since 1958)

Member of the Socialist Party National
Directorate

Secretary of the Socialist Party organization
in Ferrara Province (since 1949)

PERSONAL DATA:

Born: September 4, 1927, Reggio Emilia, Italy

Address: Via Guido D'Arezzo 2/b, Ferrara, Italy

Marital Status: Married

Academic Training: Degree from the University of Urbino in
philosophy

English Ability: Inadequate. Dr. Cattani will be accompanied
by a Department of State escort-interpreter,
Mr. Charles Giugno.

PAST POSITIONS:

Member of the Commission on Agriculture and
Forests, Chamber of Deputies

National Officer in the Socialist Party youth
organization

Editor of the newspaper, *Quotidiano del C.L.R.*,
in Reggio Emilia

Teacher

JAN 2. 1968

GENERAL ELECTRIC
GENERAL ELECTRIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS ITALIA

Il Presidente

Rome, December 30, 1968
AC.dp

Prof. Henry A. Kissinger
419 Beacon Street
Boston, Mass. 02115, U.S.A.

Dear Prof. Kissinger:

I wish to send you my warm congratulations for your appointment as Special Assistant to the President. All your friends in Italy and in Europe do consider the choice of President Nixon as the most significative and I send you my best wishes for your important task.

I am leaving for the States the 4th of January to attend a General Electric Management Conference in Clearwater, Florida, and on my way back I plan to be in New York, coming from Tampa, on the evening of the 10th by the flight NA/068.

Is it possible to meet you on the evening of the 10th in New York or on the following day? It would be extremely interesting and pleasant to meet you if you can spare the time. Eventually, if you are in Washington, I would easily join you.

During my stay in Clearwater, from the evening of the 7th January to the morning of the 10th, I can be reached at the Belleview-Biltmore Hotel.

I am waiting to hearing from you if we can meet each other either in New York or in Washington. In the first case I will stay (the night of the 10th) at the Barkleys Hotel, in the second you can reach me at the Embassy (always the night of the 10th).

With best personal regards,

00187 ROMA - VIA ABRUZZI, 10 - TEL. 482.294

Henry V. Kneuerger

Sincerely yours,

With best regards,

I hope you will see me again.

to take on any additional assignment, but my schedule does not permit me to be at your interesting journal. February 22. I will be able to continue. Thank you for your letter of

Dear Mr. Cavalleri:

Milan, Italy
Via Antonio Stradivari 7
STUDIO CATTOLICI
Mr. Cesare Cavalleri, Director

March 3, 1969

Finally the least Industrialists were concerned about the Peace Treaty since they feel that it will shut them off from the Chinese sources of raw materials and markets. Serious questions were raised by this group regarding the capability of Japan to support rearmament.

The preceding paragraphs have been a definitely one-sided description of the Japanese attitude. Without doubt, substantial numbers of Japanese support the American policy in Japan. Unquestionably, many tendencies described above are potential rather than actual. Japanese resentment, contrary to that of the Germans, is still directed against specific US policies, not against the US. The situation may radically change, however, if a serious effort to rearm Japan is undertaken in the present psychological climate. There is no doubt that the vast majority of the Japanese people oppose rearmament. This, it is reliably reported, includes many members of the Japanese Cabinet who negotiate rearmament merely in the hope of obtaining further American economic and political concessions. The recent demonstrations by students of Kyoto University against the Emperor should not be treated as the expression of Communist sympathies but of the deep-seated feeling of the Japanese younger generation and of Japanese intellectuals. This is compounded by the specific constitution prohibition against Japanese rearmament. This involves a brief discussion of the impact of the reversal of policy on American prestige in Japan:

The Japanese Constitution

- 4 -

(u)

but that two or three individuals of the proper type can achieve much.

The reaction of the Japanese intellectuals expresses in part a feeling of exasperation with the seeming superficiality of American policies and a displeasure with what is taken for American opportunism which utilizes the Japanese as tools and American principles of Democracy as manipulative means. It will be necessary in these cases to associate them with Americans who by the very fact of interest in deeper Japanese problems will do much to remove this stigma of superficiality. A number of young American scholars originally should be established in Japan in order to develop cooperative research on literary projects. This will flatter the self-esteem of Japanese intellectuals whose feeling of inferiority often accounts for their extreme touchiness. It will permit establishing that basis of confidence which will permit a more direct measure of influence. If Japanese intellectuals are brought in contact with Americans of stature who take an interest in their basic spiritual problem, the underlying psychological causes of anti-American expression may be removed.

An effort must also be made to capture the loyalties of the university students. Radicalism and cynicism, which are rampant, are exploited by the Communists who play on the tiredness of a war generation. Here, too, the best solution seems to be involvement in personal contact between the Japanese students and their American contemporaries. The possibility of developing a series of "Salzburg Seminars" in Japan under the auspices of American student organizations should be exploited. Here again, the very fact of interest will prove as significant as the content of the program. Above

- 12 -

all, it must be stressed that none of these programs described above need involve large numbers of participants. The key individuals in Japan are relatively few; mass appeals by formalistic means would tend to antagonize rather than convince. It is less important to convince the Japanese of the intrinsic merits of each individual American policy than of the general reliability and cultural substantiality of the US. The Japanese will tend to judge this as much on the basis of their personal contacts with Americans as on abstract considerations of policy. Indeed, it is precisely the purpose of this program to influence Japanese considerations of policy by creating a framework of respect for the US. A small number of individuals of the proper type can achieve infinitely more than propagandistic attempts through mass media or efforts judged by the number of their participants rather than on the degree of their influence.

## SECTION V. Possible Propaganda Line.

American propagandistic effort in Japan should be conducted under unofficial auspices. The basis of SCAP has resulted in a basic reluctance to be associated with official American sources. Moreover, official American agencies tend to be associated with the very policies, the distrust of which the propagandistic effort attempts to remove. Americans sent to Japan should impress through the strength of their personalities rather than through the nature of their official affiliation. It will be important in dealing with Japanese intellectuals to demonstrate American awareness of the theoretical and moral component of its actions. American policy should thus be proved as an instance of a general

- 13 -

philosophical position rather than an aspect of a struggle for power with the Soviet Union. A struggle for power appears extremely unpalatable to a generation which was severely disillusioned in its own nationalistic aspirations. Since many Japanese negative reactions stem from a feeling of American inconsistency, it should be stressed that advocacy of Japanese Rearmament is in no way inconsistent with American democratic aspirations but represents an adaptation to certain circumstances forced on the US against its will. Contact with the proper type of Americans should have no difficulty in proving the essentially unmilitaristic nature of the American psychology. This writer frequently experienced that the very fact of an awareness of moral problems by an American helped to establish a basis of confidence for future interviews.

The American propagandistic effort should further stress American policies in terms of Japanese interests rather than as mere reactions to Soviet policies. The inevitability of a choice in the present crisis can be forcefully illustrated by the experience in Korea. It will be necessary to impress the Japanese with the fact that with what happened in Korea does not represent an event peculiar to that area, but that it is the inevitable consequence of a political vacuum from which Japan is no more immune than any other area. (It should be stressed that however unpleasant Rearmament is, it is precisely the need to insure individual dignity which should impel Japan to play an active role in the Far East. Since otherwise she may find herself a helpless tool of opposing forces.) It will be necessary to convince the Japanese that the US does understand the complexity of Japanese conditions in the subtlety of the Japanese.

- 14 -