partyes of pe cite So he þ was kyng on al þ relo
fruffund dep for ve at ertim pat is pe myddis of pe
worlde so pat yt myht be knownen to all parties of
pe worlde how dere he hrowht man pat he had meid to
his liknes for þ græte lone he had to vs for more worpli
citel myht he nowht hane set for ve pan his ovne
blessid lodi and his ovne paons blode þ wylthe he
ofred for vs. A dere god what lone he had to his sub
jectis. When he pat had do no trespas. Wold for tres
pasounis fruffir deth. riht wel onht men to lone Æ
worðlyne such a lord Æ dred Æ ferne hin and nne
strep Æ prayse hin Æ such an holy lond þ brouht
fozth such fruit porow þ wille he erche man ys faned
but he witt hin seif pozv his defentie. ynes ys pie
lond hihst to ve in entage. And m þ he wold deye
as sefis to lene pat to his childein for þ wille he ech
good man pat hath wherof onyilde strength the hin to
wonne and conquere riht ovre entage Æ chase owt
pe lper trowand men. foz we beth callid cristin me
of it onye fader and þyf we be riht childein of cift
we owre fozto chalange pe entage pat ovre fader left
vs and do it or not of strænge men hondis. As ut now
pride conetise and enye hath so enflamed the heritis
of londis of pe worlde pat pay beth more besy to dis
herite her neghbores pan forto chalange oz conquair har
riht entage be feze seys. And pe common pepitt þ wold
put har lodes and har cavel forto conquere ovre
entage þ pat may noht do as ovre londis for a semble
of pepitt as ovre a chief lord is as a flok of strep
þ hap non hende þ wille he deptip a fader Æ witt neve
wheeder pay schalt go. But wold god þ þ wordly lordis

Hymner.

hem comp al to on ende but trothe nobht pat j
wilt tell al the towres and contreys citers and castellhe
p men go by for pati holde j make to long tale but
fui contreis and most jnispale stedis p men sylhal go
pozis and by to go to p mihte wey first z if amen
come oft of p West cyde of p Woldre as puglond
arlond walis stolond and norlbev he may zpf he
wil go pozlb almanye z pozlb p kynge dome of hingry
at marchep to p lond of poyalne. z to p lond off
pammome and of ilsey and pe kynge of hingry ye
a gret lord and mihty and holdip morthe londe for
he holdip the lond of hingry Sanoy.comamey a
gret pty of bulgary pat men callip p lond lingers
a gret parti of pe kynge dome of rossie and p lastip
to pe lond of myfland and marchip on prisse and
men goon pozis pe lond of hingry pns pozlb a cite
pat men callip chipzmu and pozlb p castell off

Chyprum
nettborgh rast
tyne j
Lanby no 2

new boxeh and by pe ple of tyne to pe ende of hingry
and men paſſip be p rimer of daby pat rimer gop
into almanp under the hilhs of mukardy ſ hit
taknp to hmu xl op rimeris and hit rnmep pozlb
hingry and pozlb gresses ſ pozn cratchie and gop
into p oze so streyht p pe weſt is freſch myle
wipinne p oze and aft men gop to belgrane

bugres.

aud entrip into p lond of lningres and pey men paſſip
a bregge of marvok ſ men paſſith pozlb p lond
of pmerus and men comp to p grete cite of stins
and to p cire of affimpane and to pe cire of bradenople
and to p cire of costantnople. p was stime callid
bessamoron and pere Swellip commil p empo of
grete ppye p best churche of p world and p fayrest

pmeras t.
Othys c
affimponer
dradenople
costantnople

no the best
churche of p ebozle

cete þ' apnul of and bad hnu as some as his fader War
des þ' he scholde pnt pese graynes undir lyne tonge
and grane hyn And he dyd so and of this graynes
sprong a tre as þ' anghel sande and hit scholde bere
a frute þ' adin scholde be faned by. And whati seth
com a gayn he fand his fader almost des and Whan
he was des he side W þ' graynys as þ' anghel hym
bad of þ' whiche come x. treis þ' acros was melde
of þ' bare good fruit ihū cſt þ' adam and alle pat
come of hyn beth sand from dep w' olte ende but
ht be hatre o' w' defaunt pis holy cros had þ' renis
hyd ond' a rothe of ston of þ' mont of calnearie
m þ' erthe and hit lay pare st. yere and more vnto
þ' tymne þ' ſemt elyne made hit be founde þ' which
ſemt elyn Mas þ' mōp of constantno þ' empo and
ſthe was þ' Sowh'e off þ' kng of ynglond. And
inglond was þ' tme callyd lysetayne þ' more of
Whiche þ' empo Whan he was pere tok to his wyſ
foz hir gret fayrenesse. And ze sthalt undirstonde
þ' þ' cros of onre lord was of lengthe vii cubitis
and þ' o'my'art had in lengthe in cubit and di
on p'ty of þ' croune of onre lord Where W he was
crowned ſ on of þ' naplys and þ' ſpere hed ſ many
othir relikus beti in finance in the chapel of þ' kng
and þ' croune lyth in a vessel of cristalle wel diht
and richely foz a kng of frebne bovlht this re
lik ſinnyme of þ' iabis to whom þ' emponre
leid hnu to wedde foz a gret ſinne of gold. And
zif men stap þ' pis curne ys of porres ze sthalt wi
dirſonde þ' it ys of qinques of þ' see þ' was whyt
hit prik up as ſhapply as thornys foz thane

not

no

allbespme

barbarens

engletere

inmques

fey ham and licholde ham ofte tymes þ of patris
and constantmople for pay lvere bop of on made
of inmques of þ se but men yane deptid hyn m.n.
pties þ o part is at patris et þ oþ at constantmople
et l hane a point therof þ senyth as Wht pozn as
þ was et hitt was zene me for gret frenschip for
pare luth many of hem i broke et falt into þ wessel
for pat stere When men stere þ wessel to sehew pe
crownne to grete lordin þ ommth pedir. And ze schal
undustonde þ mnyt þ omre lord was take he was
lad into a gardom et pare he lbas exanynnd stharply
et pare þ iewis stornpd hyn and made hyn a crouon
of allbespme bramchis þ grell m þ same gardom
et set yr on his lyede so falt þ blad ran son be many
placis of his fysage et his nekke and schuldins et
pfore hap þ allbespme many vtns for hoo pett
berith a branche on hyn no pindw ne no tempest
may dere hyn ne þ houw þ it is m may no enyl
gosr come pef hit ys meny plece and m þ same gat
dm Semt per demed omre lord thрыes. Asward
was alwe lord lad before þ bpsthop et maystris of the
leve nito anop gardom of aony et pe he lbas stornd
et examined et crounnd aft W althit pozn þ men calle
barbarens þ grell m þ same gardom et þ had many vtns
and after þ he was lad into a gardem of caphets and
pare he was torolbind w engletere and sathe he lbas
lad m to þ chambre off pilat and pore he was exan
ned et storned and þ iewis set hyn m a chure and clopdis
hyn w a mental and pan made pati crougne of
inques of þ se and pore pay knelid to hyn and pnde
sire voo nideoz. 1. hial king of ielvis and of pis croune

body and pay make but on function when pay often
childer and pay anoint þe seke men and þe sey þe pees
is no pmegatori and þe seylis chal not heine payn
ne toye unto þe day of dome and pay sey þe formation
is no synne dedly but aping kendly and þe men
and women scholde not wedde but onnes and who
wedded more here children beth lastardis and har
prestis beth wedded also and pay sey þe sey is no dedly
fenne and pay selle beneficis of holy cherche and so do
men in oð plaske and þe is gret schlamder for noth is
Synome euedenþe kyring in holy cherche god may
amende it When lyis Wal þe and pay sey þat men
schalde not fast in lente ne synge masse but in þe
saterdæp and in þe soneþæy and pay fast no sitt dæy
no tyme of þe zere but hit be zole ene oz þas ene and
pay suffir no man þe is of þis ayde of þe grete seve to
singe itt hære anteris and zif hit falle pat pay so pold
an þap pay Westh anon pe anter in holy Water and
pay sey þe pe scholde but on masse so seyd it on anter
on a day also pay sey þe onre lords ate non mete but
he made tokning of etnyge and also pay sey þe
synne dedly as schaming of onre beid is for þe bend
þe tokning of man and of onre lords and pay sey þe
we synne for etnyge of sinne bestis flest þe were
defaind in the alde testament and in þe olde latte as
Synne haris and þe bestis and pay sey þe we syn for etnyg
of flest a lyss in Wodnysday and when we ete these oz einen
in þe fridey and pay emse alle these þe ate no flest on þe
saturday also þe emps off and pay mak up þe patrarch
er the hesthopus and bisthopus and the zonþe al þe signet
a chyndis and prouth ham þe beth word. And polly

hit be so þe pere ymgis towche nowht to þe wey
nempelas per towche to þe hane lyht to schere apthy
of costomys & matys & disfiteis of contreis and
for p[er]is þe firste contre þe Distordip frum onre
f[or]p on p[er]is side þe s[ee] p[er]f[or]e & hane se[e] hit h[oe] þ[
ze maty knov]ke þe disfite þe is le t[ain]ne us and ly[n]
for many men het]h g[re]ete lyt p[ug] to h[er]e s[pe]ke of straunge
thym[ys] y[er]t b[ep] in disf[e]e contreis of þe worlde

A

Now I come azen for to teche þe wey f[or] constan]
tmople he þe w[il] go pozt. he g[op] þe y[er] g[op] to
w[it]d þe c[ite] of yk[e] & p[ass]ip pozt þe z[ate] of ch[un]ct
þe is r[ist] h[oy] & hit is ample and h[alf] fro m[ak]e & w[ho]
w[il] go by þe br[ace] of s[emt] ge[orge] & be þe g[rat]ist h[ee] p[ere]
where s[emt] m[ic]olds is. and first men come to þe le
of Silo in þe gro[w]y[m] mastyk on p[ial]e treis of
plimt[reis]. or ch[er]itreis after g[op] men pozt þe le of
patmos w[h]ere s[emt] j[on] e[w]angelist w[or]t þe ap[ost]umas
And I do so w[er]e þe w[hen] onre l[ord] s[ende] s[emt]
j[oh]u was of eld[ee] g[oy]n z[ere]. and he l[and] afte p[er]
p[ass]ion of tr[ist] h[oy] z[ere] fro patmos men g[op] to
effes[un] a f[are] c[ite] & to þe s[ee] & p[ere] s[ende] s[emt] j[eh]n
and was b[un]ed be h[im]de þ[eh]n]h anter in a tim[ic]e mud
of f[ou] and p[are] is a f[are] ch[ir]che for tr[ist]em men
w[er]e w[ont] to hold hit but in þe tr[ike] of s[emt] j[on] is
nowht but mu[me]d for his l[odi] is disf[et]ted w[er] p[er]
Disd & tim[is] l[old]ip now þe c[ite] and þe ch[ir]che w[ad]
al as[hy] þe l[as]se & ze st[hal] und[ust]onde þe s[emt] j[on]
S[id] make his g[rane] p[are] m[ih]s h[ne] & le[de] h[im] self
p[erm] al g[ut] and p[are] for s[erch] þe s[ide] nowht
but he w[est]yd p[ere] to þe day of dom. And for s[et]he
þe is a g[er]t n[ain]le for men may se p[ere] aptly þ

Granel yif lyt be don azen into þ granel and some
senth that it is a seldowll of the grauele see. Also
fro acon before seysd men goth forth in iorneris to
þ cite of phyleftyne þ now hat gaza þ ys to say
cite vthe þ hit is rylt faire and full of folk and hit
is alytyl fro the see and fro this cite brodlyt sampson
the strong zatis of heylond whan he hads take in
þ cite and per he sload the kyng m his palys and many
pobfsand w lym for he made and hows falle on ham
and pan schalt men go to þ cite of sefar and so to þ
castell of ppylrynes and so to astalou and pan to japhet
and than to iernsalem.

And who þ wil go poxw the lond of babylon
whare the srowdeni wellith to have leue to
go more finely thoww the counteis and for to go about
mar before he come to ierth and pan turne azen
to ierth he schalt go fro gazs to castel dayre and
after þ amen comyth out of omre and goth into
Wildernes where þ wey is wel sony and þ willswnes
lasth. in iorneris whare men fynde al þ newly
of wetayles and men callyth thatt Wildernes achelect
and whan a man comyth out of this desert he
entrith into egript cenopate and in a nop langage
men callypt hit mertyne and þ first good tom patt
men fynde is callys belech and it is at the eide of
þ kyng dome of Alape and fro þ men goth to babylon
and to payre. At babilorne is a faire therche of
ourre lady whan she was out of the lond of mide
for zede of kyng hewod and pere lyth the body
of Seint barbare þ virgine and there Mellsys
Joseph whan he was sode of his brodys and pere des

nabngodhonofoz put pre chylde vto þ fyre the
volnche chylde men callep avianya azana. myfak
as þ jfalme of bond cite fayth bnt nabngodonofoz
callip fyn pnis Sidrak myfak. abdenago þ is to fay
god glorions. god victorions. & god onafte kngdomys
and þ was foz maile þ he fall made foz ham godis
sone hals seyde go with ham porlb the fyre. pare
Abellip þ sowdan ffoz pere is a fapre Se m acastel
strong and wel set on a roche m þ castel is Abelland
alway to kepe the castell and to serne þ sowdan
mo than vn m þ fomys of folk that take al here ne
fessaris of þ comt off the sowdan q scholde well
macte foz 1 Abellid With hym colldionn agret while
m werris azens the bedions and he wolde hane wex dyd
mè to a gret prince is dololster riht richely and 1
Wolde hane forfale my trollothe And ze schalt undur
stonde that the sowdan is lord of v kngdomys pate
þ he conquerid to hym be strength the this bett the namys
canopate þ is egip the kngdome off jerim Where
of Saund and Salamon Were kngys þ kngdom
of omre of the volnche the cite off Sauna f was
chef þ kngdome of avabe m the lond of damely
and the kngdome of araby þ was on of the m.
kngys that made of rpyng to some lond what he
was bozn and many of londis he holdith m his houde
and alfo he holdith talafes het ys agret thyn to
be sowdan hit is to stay among hem Roys iche and
his wale is frutt colla & van men goth ur on y cight
of Gent katine and þ is moche he, or than the
momeit of mopses, and þe as som kafine was
greore ys no therche ne chappelt ne of selleleng.

a zer of x montins of blliche morth was firste
and december þ lasfe but jnlys deser þ das empo
of rome set pis n monethis to jamer and februaire
and ordeyned the zere of yn monethis. to day 8 days
so abte lepezcr aft þ aour cours off þ some F þor
a countnyng of x monethis off þ zer he ded on pe
xel zere and aft our zens of yn monepis he dede
on þ xxxii zer. and in monethis al so m mont
calnary on þ vylt cyde is an aniter wher þ peler lyth
that onre lond was bomide to whan he was sturgid
and þe besyde at my fot bap my stomps þ all day
zoppith wat and som seith þ pay givete for onre
londis eth and nere this anite in aplate xly fot depe
was fondyn the wrap cros be assent of Sent elyne
under a roch wher i dis had lyd hit hit and hit das aſſ
foz pay fond in crosſis on of onre lond n. off þ n.
theſſis and sent elyn aſapd hyn of a duse body þ
ros alone as þ verray cros was lep pon and þ by ni
the walt is þ place wher þ m naplys of onre lond
were y lyd for he hadde n. m his hondis and n. m his
fet and of on of thes the empo of constantmople
made a brydett for his hors to ben lys in battele
where thes he outcome his enempes and Svan al
the lond of aſſ turky damazyne þ more and pe
lasse Onre ierh caraby þ mesopotame þ kyrngdom
of aleape egrt þ heper and þ loller and op kyrngdoms
many onto walt is. lalbe in ethiope and into ynde
þ lasse þ panne was crystyn and þe das my tyme
many goode holy men F holy eremytis of blhom þ
bokis of þ fadens lypys spekyth F pay leth nob
F paynemis and sarzens hondis but whan þ god ebil

Um namys of omre lond and vn candelstykks of gold et yn poftis of gold et my lyonys of gold upon þ whethe pay hadde chernyn of gold yn spnomys long and a tabernakall of gold and vn trinmpis of silner et a tabutt of siln et vn barly lonys and al op relik þ were be foze na tinnte of omre lond ilyn est Also upon þ roche slepte iacob whan he sald angelis go vp et don be a lassier et seide were loris iste stiis eft et ego ignozabat þ is to say forfop þis place is holy et y vist nozt et þ iacob held þ angel stille pat chaignis his name and was called hym ifrael and m þ place say damd þ angel þ sthare þ folk (b) a sibber et put it blod y mto þ selyse et m pis roche was semt sypon ilhan he ressenys omre lond m to tempil and m pis rothe he sette hym whan þ ielhis bolde hane stomd hym and aft com don and zaf hym lyzt et on pis roth satt omre ladi et leved here salveter. et pforzaf omre lond þ voma here syynes þ was y take m avontry and þ was omre lozr circumfudit and þ þ angel denonst þ natinte of semt iohn bapt. and þ ofred ferst melchisedech lzed dypn et dwater m tokmyng of þ sacrement þ was to come and þ fel damt þeng to omre lond et to þ angel þ he wolde zif hym of hem et of þ folk et olze lozr hys prayer. and þ fore wolde he make þ tempil m þ place but omre lond for bad hy be an angel for he had don treson whan he floth vze ye a good knyht to hane his byf and þ fore al pat he had ozdyned to make pe tempil he tok to salamou hys done et he made hit et he

There alle þ' apostelis on Wylfesday Elhan þ' holys
fest destendid on ham mlyknes of fyze and þ'
spak god Wllys discriplis and yere Slep Semt
John elbangelist on onr londis kue ï oer fleping
mamy fayze pnygis of hene ne mont Syon is Wl
in þ' cite and þ' cite is strong on þ' Side pan on þ'
oð Side for sat þ' fote of monut Syon ys afayre
castel and strong on mont Syon was sand
and Salamon grann and oð many ï þ' is þ' place
where Semt petir Wepte fna tend ily Elhan he
hadde for sake onre lord and astomys cast fro this
chapel is anon chapel Where onre lord was magd
for þ' tyme was þe capphas hons Also be tbene
þ' tempil of Salamon and ye mont Syon is þ'
place where est raysid þ' mayde fro deth to lyf
and w' mont Syon tolbarð þ' vale of io sapphat is
a welle þ' men calle nacozy Olo þ' was onre lord
Elhan he was baptized ï nere þ' is þ' tre where
mdas hangid hym felf for dispeire Elhan he has
pold crist And þerby is þ' Smagoga where bischop
of iellins and farfens comýp to grow to holde
her parlementis and þ' mdas cast before ham
XXX pens and fayde pectam tradens sanginne
misti. þ' is to say q hane fynnes destenyng pe
ryht ops blod And on patt oð ayde of mont
Syon tolbarð þ' Solborth is þ' feld þ' was bolbzt
po XXX pens ï lyt is called þ' feld of blod in
þ' feld bep many tombis of cristu men for per
bep many grams of pilgrymes Also m ertim to
barð þ' west is a fair churche elher þ' tre grell
þ' cros was made of ï þ' by is a faire churche
where onre lady mette ðe elizabeth Elhan pay

Wbare bop w childe Æ Semt iohu namys monyd
m hys modw Bombe Æ made wwrsthepe to onwe
loz hys makere Æ undw þ anter of þ churche is
a place Where Semt iohu was born Æ þ by is þ
castel of emans and h. myle fro ertin is momit
iop þ is a fayre place and lykning Æ þ lep Sammel
þ apphete m afayre wunbe Æ hit is callid momit
iopے for þ may pylgrymes first se ertin and
m þ myd Dis of þ vale of ioſaphat is a ltil reu
þ is callid tozreus cedrou Æ outtvert lay a tre
þ þ cros was made of þ men zede on Alde m þ
vale is a churth of our lady and þ is þ seyncre
of onwe lady Æ onwe lady was of elde Whan sthe
deide lxxx zere Æ þ is by þ place Where onwe loz
forzaf peter al hys ſymes Æ besyde þ is a chapel
Where mdas kiffid omre loz þ men callid gesſa
mapne Æ þ he was take w þ iedvis Æ þ lay eſtis
ſiſtiplis Whan he Wont to prap be fore his paſſiou
and ſayde pate fi fieri þ tuseat a me calix iſte.
þ is to ſay fader zef hit may be do let pns deth
go fro me Æ þ by is a chapel Where our lady Sibet
bloz Æ Swat Æ þ is þ wunbe of ioſaphat þ lyng of
Whom þ vale had hys name Æ on þ on dyde of
þ vale is þ mont olymete Æ hit is callid so for þ
growwith many olymet Æ hit is heyzer pan ertin
Æ be twbene þ hille Æ þ tow is nozt but pe vale
of ioſaphat Æ þ is nozt ful large Æ on þ hille
ſtod omr loz When lye stezh to henene Æ þ ſemth
þ ſat of hys left fot m þ ſtone Æ þ is on abbay
of blake chanons þ was comtyme but now
is þ but a churche Æ altil þens xxxvii paſſe
is a chapel and þ is þ ſton þ he ſat on and þend

þ þ lone in whom I ham wel pays herith hym.
and þ holy goft festentat in hym ni lyknes of a
sonne and so was there in his baptising al the
tinte and poseth þ flmm 10z dan passid þ chydir of
Israel al dzye ð pay sefte stonps in the myddis of
þ that intokmnyge of þ merakill also in þ flmm
naconen bapid hym þ was of Spzpe ð he was made
hole for he was meðl ð ahtil þ by is þ cire of hap þ
jofne affayles ð tok also in þ entre of flm 10z dan
16 þ vale of mambe þ is a fayre vale ð a plenteno?
And se fchal undr stond þ forto go fro þ dde se
estward out of þ morth of þ lond of compression
is a strong castel þ men calle garras of Serenos þ
is to lay a real mont in frensche in englystly akmglych
hille pis castel sed aking of freomse meke þ was
called Bad sabyne þ congerred al þ lond ð put
hit in cristyn menys hondis to kepe and under þ
castel is a fayre to dine þ men calle gabath þ eboote
svelles many cristyn men under trebnte ð pan
gop men to nazareth of þ to dine our lord has his
name ð fro ertin to nazareth is in jorneves and
men goth porro þ mince of galilee ð porðh ramatha
Æ Sophymp ð pozl þ hol by lille of affrayn where
anna Sammel spnf modir þ apphet dibellit and
þ was pis apphete borne and after his deth he was
greomn at mont 10y ð aft compy men toymbola
where þ fork of god was kepid under eþ aphete þ
made þ folk of alzon here sacrifice to omeloz and pere
spak omeloz furst to Sammel and þ mynys forð god þ
Sacrement ð by at þ left Syde is gabaon ð revnattha
bemamyn þ hol by that spekyth of ð pay compy men to
Sedhe hon þ Som men calle Sycer pis is in þ azonunce

of þ tete was þ vommâ of cananee þ þ goþwelt þeþm
of and þ onre lozð is þ firste merakil at þ feste of
archetriþne whan he tozne witt into dyn þro þ
men goþy to nazareth þ was somþme a gret cete but
nold hit is but alþtil toðne ð hit is nozt wallyd af
þ was onre ladsy bozne ð lyr tonome sthe toke of pat
cete but onre ladsy was getyn m verðm at nazareth
tok joserþy onre ladsy to wþf whan sthe was of elde
xm zere and þ þ anget Salnes here sapping Æne
grâ plena ðis tecn. þ is to sapp hæpl ful of grace om
lozð is w þ. ð þ was Somþme a gret chyrche and
nold is þ but alþtel clofet to vespere offring of þel
grymps. þ is þ belle gabriel where omr lozð was
vont to bathe hþm whan he was lytul at nazareth
is þ blode of omr lozð ð þ he was norþsthed ð nazareth
is to sapp flom of garðyn ð hit may wel be depe
ð foz þ was norþsthed iflo of lyf. þ was jhû crist
at half a mele fro nazareth is þ blod of onre lozð foz
þ jelsbis lad hþni upon a lyer zo the to rafte hþm don
and Slo hþm but it hû crist passid pozðh ham ð lep
on a roche wherelys stappis beth zit sone ð þ faze sapph
ðm men whan sapp dze de ham of enempes o2þemb
sapp sapp pns. Jht ante transiens þ med m illoz bitt
and sapp sapp al this vers of þ sado thyrpes. Jrnætt
om þos formido a pano2 m magmtud me bradyn
tn fietit mmobiles quæfi lapis sonet ptransfæt pits
tmis ðne sonet ptransfæt popnl9 tmis ifte quæm
posseift and whan pis is sado a men may go
bip oldten emp letþnge ð ze sthal cete þ onre ladsy
bare childe whan sthe was of yo zere old ð sthe
lewed þ hþm xxxm zere and m monethis and aft
his passio2 sthe lomd xgm zere and fro nazareth

13

to mont thelbon

["I may not tell you all that I have understood before\nmay not tell you what you want but in order to tell you\nit may be necessary for me to lie to you and then lie again\nbut I will not do it and if you will not let me know what\nyou are doing I will tell you the truth and then lie again\nand then you will see that I have not lied to you and then\nyou will see that I have not told you the truth and then\nyou will see that I have lied and then you will see that\nyou have not understood what I have said and then you\nwill see that I have lied and then you will see that\nyou have not understood what I have said and then\nyou will see that I have lied and then

men et p[ater] god sthal deme almen p[er] gode to henni p[er] sopkeled to helle et p[er] ilni crist is p[er] best aphete of al ope et next to god et p[er] he was verrap aphete p[er] zaf Spzte to p[er] blynde et helyd meselis et rapfys dode men et wente al qink m to henene et zif pay may fynde a book gospelys and namely misfus est angelins gabriel. pay do hit gret domsteyn pay fast un monethis m p[er] zere et pay ete no mete but on myztis et pan pay kepe ham fro have sopfis but pay p[er] bep seke constrayned to p[er] fast et p[er] boke spekpp of jelbis et serp p[er] pay bep wikkrd folk for pay wil nat trolde p[er] ilni crist is of god et pay santh p[er] iedvis lye on ondre ladye et on lyre some ilni crist seyng p[er] pay dyd hym nozt on p[er] cros and for sarz Empa trolde so nere ondre kepp pay bep lyzthly comtyd wohan men p[er] che p[er] lalle of ilni crist et pay sapp p[er] pay wot wel be have apphersis p[er] p[er] lalle of macomet sthal fayle as sop p[er] lalle of iedvis et p[er] cristis lalle sthal leste to p[er] wooldys ende et zif a man aske where yn pay trolle pay sapp we trolle m god maker of henene and erp[er] et al ope ping is do loten hym is no ping don et at p[er] day of dome whan althongh sthal be redwarisd aft his sermyng et p[er] althving is sop p[er] cift seyde be molbpis of his pfetis et also makomet bad m his alkevon p[er] che man stynnde hane n sopfys or m or m[er] noll pay take p[er] ozellis as many lemmans as pay lyk et zif any of hare sopfis do amys azen lyw hys bonde he may zyne hure wot of his hollis et take anop but he sthal. zyne hure some of his good also wohen men spak of we fader and some and holy goft pay seyth p[er] pay bep m[er] p[er] soms et nozt o god have alkevon spekyp nozt p[er] of ne of p[er] finite but pay sapp p[er] god spak ozellis where he dom et god hap agoft ozellis where he nozt of lyf et pay sapp p[er] god is dooz hap gret strengpe et so seyp hure alkevon

be seyd for lyre syynes had cristyn men loft al þ LORDIS
þ We holde for zonre syynes hap god zone this londis
to us et nozt pozr othe strengpe but al pozdr zonre
syynes for we dot wel forsopeohan ze serne wel zonre
god þe wil help zon so nomæ sthal so azen zonb Æ
we dot wel be omre pphecyis þ cristyn moi sthal wyn
azen pis londohan pay serne wel have god bnt whphis
pay lpe so folde we have no zede of ham ë pan i asked
hym holb he knell so þ state of cristyn men ë he seyd he
knell bope of londis and commus be his messageris þ he
fente pozr al contreys as pay were marchandis w þaw
stomys ë op marchantise to knolb þ man of eche contre
ë pan he made cal al þ londis mto þ chambre ë pan he
sthaldr me m of þ grettist londis of þ contre ë demys
me m contre ë pay spak frendly rht wel ë þ solyan
also ë pan i hadde gret mnyple of pis otandre of othe
feyth ë so pay that stholde be turned be omre feyth and god
enfamil to þ feyth of ilni crist pay beth szalben albap
pozlb ome lyþ lempng ë pfoze hit is nowondir panz
pay cal us lep for pay sayp oop bnt þ sarz Emps beth
tresb for pay kepe þ comandement of have alkeron
rht wel þ god fente ham be his messager macomet
toohan pay say fent gabziel þ anghel spak oft ë seyde
hym þ wil of god ë ze sthal vondrstonde þ macomet
was bozne m arabry ë he was firft apore knafe ë kepid
hors ë zede aft marchandis ë so he com omys mto egunt
with a marchant ë egipt was þ tyme cristyn ë pe
was a chapel be seyde arabry ë þ was on eremte ëohan
he com m to þ chapel it was but altyl holbs ë lond as
sone þ entre be gan to be as gret as it were a palys
zate ë pat was þ fyzste mnyple þ makomet dis as
Sarzenys seyth ë aft be gan macomet to be rycht othe

et p[ro]rycheste of p[er]se brother et of hym ben come p[er]payen
folk et dyse man of men p[er]plys S[in] hedeles et op me
syffngmed et for pis cham p[er]empo p[er]tallyp hym cham
et lord of alle et ze sthal vndrstonde p[er] p[er]empo of
chatay ys tallid chan et noht cham et for pis Skyle
hit ys noht zyt vn zere gone p[er]al tartary das
in Subjection to op nacionys abonte et pay there made
herdemen to kepe best of and among ham das vn lynagis
oz kynrys p[er]first das tallid tartary p[er]is p[er]beste p[er]
Semnde is tallid taghote p[er]m elbzaate p[er]m walatze
p[er]v Semedy p[er]v menchy p[er]v Sobeth p[er]se ben al holde
of p[er]grete rane of chatay nolb. H[er]t befel so p[er]m p[er]
firste lynage das an old man et he das noht ryche
et men tallid hym changnys pis man lay et flepe
on ampt in his bed et p[er]come to l[ym]m aknlyht al l[ym]pt
S[etting] on a l[ym]pt hors et sayde to l[ym]m. chan S[le]ppft
p[er]gud pat ys almyhty S[ente] me to pe et lyt is lis
S[op]l p[er]polb say to pe vn lynagys p[er]p[er]sthal conquere
al p[er]londys p[er]ben abonte zon et p[er]sthalt be have empo
et al pay sthalbe in Subjection to p[er]as ze lyane be
in h[ar]rys et sthan moru come he ebente and sayde
to p[er]vn lynagys et pay STozmys l[ym]m and sayde he
das afole and p[er]m[ylt] aft p[er]m[one] knlyht come
to p[er]vn lynagys et bad ham m g[od]ys behalf p[er]pay
make changnys have empo et pay stholde be ob ot
of al Subjection et pay stholde lyane op londys abonte
ham m Subjection et on p[er]m[one] pay chose changnys
to be have empo et dyd l[ym]m al p[er]durfthype p[er]pay
myhte et called l[ym]m chan et as p[er]solypte knlyht S[ede]
et sayde pay do l[ym]de so al p[er]he had ham et he made
m[any] l[ym]bys et stittny p[er]he called. ysakan et p[er]firste
statnte das p[er]pay stholde be ob dyent to almyhty

Chan
not Cham
of Chatay

Changuis.
first Ch[an]
of Catay

oþ bestis anoþ benage þ þys made of melete i bat to
geder for pay hane noþ wype ne ale i Wohan pay
go to Werre pay Werre fnl wopsely i ech e of hau
berpp n bolbys or m. i many anbys and a gret hachet i
gentyl men hane sthoxt Sberdys i he þ flepp m batayle
pay Ole hym i pay ben en mpmpos to bryng alle
londys m Snbectioun to ham for pay Sapp þ hare
appheyes Sapp þ pay sthalbe outcome m batayle be
Schote of ather i pat pay sthal turne ham to hare
fepp i to hare lasse bnt pay wot nen what men pay
sthal be i hit gret pyle to pmsne hau þ traytorys
Wohan pay fle for pay Wyl Schete belymde ham and
Ole many folk as wel as before i pay holde oyle of lyf
for a good medycyne i pay hane Smale eyen and
lytyl berdys i pay ben commonly fals for pay holde
noht þ pay hete i Whatu a mai sthal Dye among hau
pay stke a spere mto þ erþ by hym i Wohan he dralbyp
to dep woy mai gop ont of þ hons tyl he be des i pain
pay bery hym m pe feld an s Wohan þ empo ys dese
pay sette hym machayer m þ mydys of a feld m
a tent i pay sette before hym a tabul do a clop & flest
i oþ mete i a cmpe fnl of mylk of amere i pay sette
amere w here colt before hym i ahors Sadlyd i
brydles i pay ley on þ hozs gold i Sylh and al about
hym pay make a gret grane i þ tente i al þ oþ ping
pay putte m þ erþ to gedir i pay Sapp Whan he compy
nto anoþ Woldre he sthal nat be wyp and e ahors
ne a honse ne Wonte Sylh i gold i þ mere sthal
zenel hym mylke i bryng forp mo hozes tyl he be
Wel storys m þ oþ Woldre for pay trod Wohan pay
ben dese pay sthal m anoper woldre ete i Dyznke
i hane solace do have woyfys as p ay do here and

m þ See Where þ ben grete rochins of Stone þ ys
callys adamond þ of lys oðne kende dzalbyp to
hym yzen And for as moche as þ scholde paffe no
Schip þ had naplys of yzen for hit scholde dzalbe
hit to hym pfoze pay darre noht wende mto þ
contrey ch Schyppis forz dzeke of þ adamond
qhout omys m pat See Æ y Salo as had ben a grete
bode of treys Æ stokkis groðbyng Æ þ Schymen
Sayde s that pese were of grete Schyppys þ dbellyp
pere pozlby vtn of þ adamond Æ of pingys þ
therein m þ Schyppis were pes pingis Spzongen
Æ doxen Æ Sobeche platys ben manys m þ See Æ
pfoze darre noht Schyppen paffe pere Æ also pay
dzeke þ long way Æ pfoze pay wende to catay þ
is nere ham Æ zit is hit not so nere haon þ behomyp
fro vemys oz gene be m See tolbard cattay xi oz
yn monetlys pe lond of þr jon ys long and men
paffe pedir pozlby þ lond of p sye Æ come to acete
pat men callep ermes for a phyllesophir þ men
called ermes foundis hit and pay paffe an arme
of þ See Æ comy to anop cete þ men calle Saboth
Æ þ pay fynde all hare marchandysys Æ papeciayes
as gret plente as larkys monre contre m pis contre
ys lytil chete and harly Æ pfoze pay ete rys Æ
melet Æ chese Æ op frutys pis empo přet johu
Wessypp commily þ dozt of þ grete cane Æ þ grete
chane lys solter m þ lond of přet johu ps many
dynerse pyngis Æ many pcyons stomps So grete
Æ So large þ pay make of ham vesselys platerys
æ cuppis æ many op pyngys þ were to long to telle
bit Som what of his lasbes æ lys fepp y sthal telle
zo so pis emponr pter johu ys crysten æ a gret parte

Adama
stent in
India

no

nij mentfli
from
venise
or Gena
fo Catay.

Ermi
Ormus

Salu

no

220 bu

no

no bu

of his lond also bnt pay hane noht al partelys
of omre fepp bnt pay trolle wel m p fader e Sone
et holygoft et pay bep ful denonte et treue on to
anoper et pay make no force of catel et he hap undir
hym lyxn pronyces oz contreys et ede hap a
kyng et pese kyngeys hap op kongis andir ham
et m his lond ben many mernelys for m p lond is
p granely See p is of Sond et granel et no dzope
of wat et hit ebbyp et flowbyp to grete walbys as
anoyp See dop et hit is neid stylle no neid m reste
et noman may paffe p See m Schippe ne oyp wyse
et pfoze we may noht doyte do what lond is be zonde
hit et pol p be no wat m p See zyt men may fynde
m p See goodede fyschis of oyp fastpon pan m op Seys
et pay ben of goodede Sano et Swete et good to erte et
at m 10zneys fro p See ben grete hillis pozibl
whethe compp a gret flode p compp fro p araldys
et hit is ful of p[ron]es stonys et no dzope of wat
et hit remypp to grete walbys m to p granely See
et pis flode m dayes m p woke rynypp so faste
et steryp p grete stonys of p rochis wip hyn p
hit makyp mothe nopse and as Sone as pay come
into p granely See pay bep nomoze Sene et m pese
m dayes whan hit remypp so faste noman darre
go m hit bnt m p op m dayes men nide go pyn
whan pay doyl and also be zonde p flode tollored
p wyle dwne ys a gret playn al Sondy et granely
among hyllys et m p playn grovlbyp treys pat
at p rysing of p Sonne eny day be gynne to grolle
et so pay grolle tyl mydday et bere frinyte bnt
no man darre erte of p fritre for hit dmaner prene
et aft mydday hit turmpp azen into p erp So

Dytyu. y.

no

nōbōn

no
bōn

and forlives of alman and he Sepde to Sepnt pet take
ere and Seint petir anfverid and fayde y ete neñ of best
vndene and angel Sayde to hym no dicas imnud
que dens immamt. pis to fay calle noht pis pmg
vndene god hay clansid pis was done mtoken
p men fcholde noht hane many men in difpite foz
hare midre lallbys foz the dot neue Whangus
lompp and Whan he hatyp. And pirs anop yle pat
men calle pyptyu men of this lond tylle no lond
foz pay ete noht and pay ben Smale but noht so
Smale as p pyngmayn pis men lefe w Smel of
apphs and Whan pay go ferre owt of contre pay
bere applis whan foz as one as pay lefe p applis
Gano pay dye pay be noht ful reasonable but as hit
were abest and pan pereys anop yle where p folk
ben al fetherys but p face and p palme of p hand pese
mengop as wel alone p wac as See as alonde and pay
ete flest and fylst al nallhe in pia yle vs a grete rown p
ys n myle brode and half p men tallep renemare and
be yonde p is grete Wyldurnesse as men p hane ben
pē tolde me in p Wyldwnes as men tolde ben treys
of p some and p mone p spake to p kyng alysamdr
and tolde hym of his sep and men Sapp pay p kepep
po treys and ete of p frute of hon pay lene case
zore oz pozzlbvntn of p frute and we Holde glady
hane gone podr but i trothe a ch men of armys
Scholde nowht paffe p Wyldurnesse foz p grete
multitude of Wyldes best as Dragonys and addris
p Wyld Sle men Whan pay may hane anp in pis
lond ben many olpfamit al whyte and bleade w onte
nonmbre and vnytozmys and lyomys of many matmys
many op pbs ben in p lond of pr John p dvere

to long to
stomps gre
John y sch
p was a
crystyn b
Se p ma
and pan
tartary
of egypt
a church
sunday
to p Ser
fcholde b
pay Sch
keng ne
of hym
callyd j
after Joh
maur p
pay ha
Sacren
nollht
nollht
pet e
Song m
godys b
trions p
p men c
p est S
calle y
ds a gr
John au

fie, watter,
se in fit, 192
et targete.

this yle ben euy zere 1 wypntris 3 n Somerys 3 pay sthere
corn 11 a zere 3 altymes of þ zere ben þ gildynes flozpfyste
þ Nelle gode folke 3 resonable 3 many crafstyn men
among hem þ ben ful ryche and þ w at betbene pe
lond of þ ter joln 3 pis yle ys noht ful depe for men
may Se þ ground m many placis 3 more eftward þ ben
η op ylys þ on ys callyd ozett þ op dargete 3 al þ lond
ys myne of gold 3 Sylw m pis ylys men may Se no
Sterrys dere Schypnyng bnt 1 sterre þ ys callyd cavu-
pos 3 þ men may nolbht Se þ mone bnt m þ laste
quarter m þ yle 1s agret hylle of gold þ pfsmeris kepe
3 pay so þ fyne golde feo þ vnfyne 3 po pfsmerys ben
as grete as hom 3 ys So þ noman dare come þ foz dargete
of þ pfsmerys þ scholde affayle hem so þ men may
noht Wozche m pat golde ne darget þ of bnt by quentysc
And þ feze Whanne hit ys ryht darme þ pfsmerys
hyde hem m pe erpe fro undir tyl none of pe daf 3
pan men of þ contre take candelys 3 dzomedorys
3 op besf 3 go ycon 3 charge hem 3 golde 3 dop a
Way faste are þ pfsmerys come owt of þ erp 3 op
tymys Whan yt 1s noht so hote patt þ pfsmerys
lyp de hem noht pay take merys þ hane folys 3 pay
lay on pese merys 1 vessellys as barelys tome 3 pe
monpe upward 3 dyne hem thedir 3 holde hare
folys at home 3 þ pfsmerys Se thise vessellys foz
pay hane of kende to lene nopping come pay to fylle
pese vessellys 3 golde 3 Whan men trolbe pese vessellys
ben fulle pay take þ folys 3 bryng haon as nere as
pay darre 3 pay elhynep 3 þ merys herpy hem 3
tomyp anone to hare follys 3 so pese men take
þ follys fro þ pfsmerys foz þ pfsmerys wyl snuffir
best come among hem bnt nomen Bezonde pe

plys of þlonde of þter þoln þs load styppe of wylew
nesſe to go rht eſt men ſchal ſynde noht but grete
lýllys Æ rochys Æ þe derke lond where noman may
Se on day ne myhte as men of þe contre Saupp Æ pis
wylðurneſſe anſerke nſſe leſt ypp to paſys terrest
where Adam and one were Sette but pay were pere
but Alytyl wyle and þis tolbard þe aſt at þe begyning
of þepe but þis noht ome eſt þe calle where pe
Some rysyy to us foz whan þe Some rysyy mpis
contre tolbard paſdys pan it is mydmyht in ome
contre foz þe roundenesſe of þe erþ foz ome load made
þe mþ al rounde in þe mydys of þe firmament. off
paradys can þe noobht telle ne ſpeke apprlyp foz þe
hane noht ben pere Æ þe angryp me but þe yhane
herde þe ſchal telle men say in pat contre pat paradys
terrestre ys þe hepeſt lond of þe woldde Æ hit ys so lyely
þe hit tondhy nep þe circle of þe mone foz hit is so
hepe þe noe ys flode myhte noht come þe to þe keled
al pe erþ abonte hit Æ paradys ys endoſyd alabonte
wyp a walle men wot nen whereof þe walle ys
foz þe walys al keled Æ more as it Sempp pat
men may se no ſtone ne noht ellys where of hit is
Æ in þe hepeſte place of paradys in þe mydys ys
alabelle þe caſt ypp ont in my flo dys þe rennypp poz wiz
Spuse lond is Æ þe fyzste flode ys callid phyl on oz
ganges Æ þe rennep poz wiz ynde in þe flode ben
mame pionſe ſtonys Æ moche lyngn aloes Æ gra
nele of golde anop ys callid nplns oz gyon Æ
þe rennypp poz de ethyope Æ egipte pe thyn de ys
callyd tygris Æ þe rennypp poz wiz affa ype Æ ermonpe
þe grete Æ þe fer þe ys callid enfrates Æ pat rennypp
poz do ermonpe Æ perſye Æ men sayp þe palle pe

F. St. ward

Paradise.

Paradise

4: flodes