435

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Carlisle, Pa., December 31st, 1897,

Miss Lilly Miller,

South Milton, Antrim Co.,
Michigan.

My dear Lilly:

I thank you for your letter of the 27th. You can
do me and Carlisle a great service by sending me the Harbor
Springs paper, and getting your father to make the best transla-
tion he can of what the Priests say. You can write it out.

If other papers have said something about it, and you can get
me copies of those, send them too, but be sure to send me the
Harbor Springs paper, and your father's translation of what the
Priests say about the Catholic and Government schools. It will
help me to prevent wrong.

I am happy to know you can give good report of yourself, and
that you are a good Christian girl, and have joined the church as
a full member. You know how much I bear on the other line, and
How hard it is to stand it all, and when I get a little account
like yours it makes my blood tingle with pleasure.

Give my kindest regards to your father and mother, and believe
me always

(Dictated) Mc

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

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Carliole, Pa., December 31st, 1897.

Rev. W.W. Clawson,
Hogansburg, N.Y.

My dear Sirs:

Nothing that you write in regard to your own matters, or in regard to the matters that we are mutually interested in, that is the children here or to come here, will at all be considered an annoyance to me in any way. Rather the contrary, always. I want to cooperate with you in every way I can, and I shall be pleased quite entirely by your judgment as to what to do with the St. Regis children.

We are not playing school as they are at Lincoln and some of the institutions. We mean business and that all of our efforts shall be as fruitful as we can make them. We do not want to waste our energies by any half-way equipment, sometimes it is necessary, or render a great deal than I would have it, but we have to yield to orders and regulations. I shall hold on to the St. Regis children for the full five years for which they came, unless the illness of the children themselves should prevent.

I know just how you are persecuted. For eight years, I passed through just that sort of a mill. My duties with the Indians at their homes were somewhat on the same lines, and their perils were and their nonsensical wishes all had to be overcome, but this is part of our education of them.

Bely upon me for cooperation in any flank movements or direct attack that you think I can make. We will fight it on these lines

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VOL. 33

Carlisle, Pa., January 3, 1898.

Mr. J. Wraise Richard,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:

Years ago I found that it would be quite improper
for me to recommend anyone for position in the Indian Service
over me, such as Commissioner, Asst. Commissioner, Supt. of Schools
Inspectors, etc., and I have steadily refrained all the years
from doing that. It sometimes has happened that I have been
asked by those in authority in regard to persons. That, of course,
changes the aspect of affairs, and I can consistently give opinion when asked. I have never attempted to get the ear of any
member of Congress in such matters, so that you can see it is not
practicable for me to favor your candidacy.

(Dictated) Mc

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439

Carlisle, Pa., January 5th, 1897.

Miss Alice Hooper,
Toughkennison,
Chester Co., Pa.

Betrayed Friend!

Our Commencement this year is fixed for the 1st,
2d, and 3rd of March. We should be glad, indeed, to have your
party present with us on that occasion, but I fear it will be im-
possible for us to entertain you at the school, for the reason
that I am making arrangements for an exceptionally large part,
from Washington, and shall have so limit our school guests more
than in former years. However, I shall be glad to see you and
your party, and anything I can do to arrange a stopping place in
the town, between which and the school runs a trodly line. I will
be glad to do.

(Dictated) Mc

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Carlsbad, Pa., January 5th, 1967.

Dr. A.M. Seabrock,

M.D. Hospital, S. Broad & Wolf Sts.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Doctor:

I came away yesterday without getting the address of the party who make preparation for floors which you use in the Hospital. Will you not kindly send it to me, and also let me know how much it costs per quantity, and how much a given quantity will cover, if you can.

(Distributed) Mc

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Carlisle, Pa., January 6th, 1897.

Hon. W.A. Jones,

Commissioner of Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Commissioner!

Mr. Chadwick is unquestionably not quite sound mentally. His behavior while here indicated that, and also his conference with me just before leaving. He has left the Service, and will not, I think, make any attempt to reenter it.

I think the death of the President's mother far enough away for me to bring up the matter of his visit to Carlisle, and shall write to the Secretary direct about that within a day or two, as he advised.

I hope the matter of a band for 1900 will take shape shortly. I wrote you quite fully about it, but am not sure that you have my letter.

In regard to clerk to fill place of my daughter, Nana, I note the approval of Miss McCook temporarily; but your stamped signed letter, ordering me to inform the Office as to the qualities and qualifications necessary, I will ignore for the present, and will talk it over when I see you, although I have no new position to take about it. If I am to depend upon a Civil Service appointment, I wish to withdraw the place from Government appointment, and will take care of my work myself. The erinniples and smart Alex, young people who are getting into the Service through Civil

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Hon. Com. Indian Affairs. -2-

Service will not suit me. I would rather pay out of my own pocket than be bothered by them.

We have fixed our Commencement for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd of March, and shall have an unusually large class, although not a specially brilliant one; but there is good solid material in it. One of the classes, Jacob Jamison, has against our advice signed to become a member of one of the National League teams of baseball players, at $150. a month, immediately after he graduates. He is a good fellow and has developed wonderful ability in this line, and the salary is, of course, a great temptation. As there are plenty of college men on these teams, I do not know that we can expect to escape a draft of that kind, however much I would have it otherwise.

I have some matters to lay before you soon in regard to getting children. I have treated the Catholics in sending out a circular among the Chippewas in their native language, and I have some facts showing up Dr. Hailman's character in these matters and am waiting for a little additional information. I trust the change there may be out of season. Enclosed is a letter from a Mr. Richards, whom I do not know, and my reply which may interest you.

Thanking you for your good wishes for us, I am

(Dianated) Mc

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442

443

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Miss Lizzie Hill,

Miss E.D. Edge,

Downingtown, Penn.

My dear Lizzie:

I have received your check, and it is placed to
your credit as requested.

I sent a piece of your embroidery to the Secretary, and another piece to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and another to Mrs. Agnew, a friend of mine in New York, from all of whom I have had very pleasant experiences. The Secretary wants me to thank you for the specimen by the very ingenious Sioux girl, and says that Mrs. Bliss who is away at this time will appreciate it very highly and will in due time personally acknowledge it. He says further, "It is gratifying to know that the educational work among our Indian classes to preparing so many of them for future usefulness in the walks of civilized life."

I congratulate you my dear Lizzie on your great skill in these matters, and will be pleased to have you make for me some special specimens to go with our Exhibit at the Exposition to be held in Omaha this coming summer, and later, if your right hand continues to increase in its running, to have you make some specially fine specimens to go with our Exhibit to the World's Fair in Paris in 1900. Give my love to Sussie and kindest regards to Miss Edge and the family.

As ever, faithfully your friend,

(Dictated) Mc

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Harry S. Howard,
69 Washington Place,
New York,

My dear Harry;

I send you a copy of my report, and also a copy of
the New England Magazine, which gives a historical sketch of the
school. I also send you a little article by my daughter, Nana,
written for "Our Young People." In these I think you will find
what you want.

I heard yesterday morning of your father being in Harrisburg.
How wonderfully he retains his mental and physical vigor. We are
all so proud of him.

(Dietat ed) 10

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VOL. 33

Wm. R. Scott,
1211 Clover Street,
Philadelphia, Penn.

Dear Sirs

I shall bring one New Force Indian, David McClelland, from our Presbyterian mission among those Indians in Idaho. He has connected himself with the First Presbyterian Church of Carlisle since he arrived here, and is a good earnest young man, not especially bright, but capable of talking a few minutes.

I think it best to bring the other one from the New York city. Our Presbyterian work up there is more pronounced than anywhereelse, and Mr. Howard Ganserth, who became a member of the Second Presbyterian Church since coming to Carlisle, is a bright capable earnest young man. He was a leader in the Y.M.C.A. work here; graduated two years ago and is now a freshman at Princeton. I have conferred with him, and he says he can come over for the evening.

I have stopped at the Lafayette before, and if you please you may arrange for us there, and I will write Howard. We will probably come down on the day express so as to reach Philadelphia at 8:47 on the evening of the 24th.

(Dictated) Mo

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VOL. 33

Carliole, Pa., January 6th 1898.

Dr. C. R. Blackall,
Editor of Periodical s,

420 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia.

My dear Dr. Blackall:

I am constantly receiving requests for information in
regard to this School, and this morning I have received three
letters asking about the religious phase of our work. Time will
not permit a detailed answer to each letter, and I have thought
that if I could have copies of your number of "Our Young People"
containing my daughter's article on this line of the work, they
would serve me in answering these inquiries. If you can send me
fifty or one hundred copies of that number of your paper with
bill for the same, I will be greatly obliged and will permit at
once.

I regretted that I could not write the article for the paper
you wished, but the pressure upon me in the business of the
School completely absorbs my time.

With cordial greetings for the new year, I am,

The cuts you returned reached us safely.

BLURRED TEXT

Howard M. Gunaworth,
42 N. Edward's Hall,
Princeton, N.J.

Dear Howard:

I shall expect you to join me at Lafayette Hotel, South Broad Street near the Public Buildings, where we will be guests on the evening of the 24th next.

David and I will leave here so as to reach Broad Street Station at 5:47, and will go immediately to the Hotel where accommodations have been arranged for us. You will be expected to talk for about five or six minutes. I would rather you would follow your own bent, but would like to hear from you about the line of thought, so that we may all cooperate. My theme is "Our Present Opportunity and Duty to the Indians", of both which you and David will be illustrations.

Let me hear from you.

(Dictated) Mc

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Carlisle, Pa., January 7th, 1898.

To the Adjutant,

10th U.S. Cavalry,

Fort Assiniboine, Montana.

Sir:

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of this
School under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved June
27th per S.O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army A.G.O., August
3rd, and letter of instructions from the Honorable Secretary
of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

My address for the next month is as above.

Supt.

Mo

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To the Adjutant General, U.S.A.,
Washington, D.C.

Sir

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of this
School under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved June
37th per S.O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army A.G.O., August
23rd, and letter of Instructions from the Honorable Secretary
of the Interior, dated September 6th, 1879.

Capt, 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt.

Mo

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4

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Dr. A.M. Paul,
Lakewood, Chau. Co.,
New York.

My dear Sir;

I do not understand that you have any authority over
the children who have come to Carlisle. That was all settled,
and they are here to stay. They seem to be happy and contented,
and so express themselves to me.

(Dictated) Mc

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Morgan Toprock,
Geronimo, Arizona.

My dear Morgan:

I am very glad, indeed, to get a letter from you,
and to know that you are as well situated as you say you are.

I was disappointed when I reached Ft. Lewis last summer not
to find you there; but if you are doing as well or better outside
of Government Service, you are better off than you would be in
Government Service. I do not believe in educating young Indians
for Government Service. I believe in educating them to go out
and do just as you are doing. You have had a great deal of ex-
perience. You know what is right and what is wrong, and if you
use your experience right, you may accomplish great good, although
you do not preach to your people or live among them. If you can
prove to the white people that a young Indian is capable of being
an honest and upright man, clean in every way, you will do ten
times more for your people, for the Indian cause and for yourself
than you could do if you had the best paid position in the Indian
Service. You have learned by experience, and experience is one
of the best of teachers.

Wishing you all success, and a happy and prosperous New Year,
I am, as ever

(Dictated) Mc

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VOL. 33

Carlisle, Pa., January 7th, 1897.

Rev. Dr. A.M. Gobble,
President Central Penn. College,
New Berlin, Penn.

My dear Sir:

I am very greatly obliged to you for your kindly appreciation of my report. I have been hoping that my views might take root, and that the Indiana might be lifted out of the slums and miasma of their reservation surroundings into the clear atmosphere and activities of our civilized life. That does the business, nothing else will.

Thank you for your own report.

(Diated) Mc

456

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BLEED THROUGH

Carllisle, Pa., January 7th, 1892

Oscar Warden,

Ping Ridge, S. Dak.

My dear Oscar:

I have your letter, telling of your difficulties,
but do not see how it is possible for me to help you. The peo
ple at the agencies and schools must be the judge of their employes

(Dictated) Mc

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458

J.E. Greene,

98 Lincoln Street,

Worcester, Mass.

My dear Colonel Greene:

I thank you for your very kindly expression in regard to my report. I do not succeed in carrying out my ideas because of an Indian Bureau which cannot look with pleasure upon anything that points to a closing out of its affairs, and because the Sioux Indians, for instance, receive a million and a half dollars a year, or about $75. per capita, for their support, and every contractor, every agent, every reservation influence finds profit in continuing the appropriation, and cannot, therefore, favor any movement or management which might eventually do away with it, and because all these interests have a strong ally in the Church and Mission workers.

If you can get hold of Congressional Debates, Vol. V, printed at Washington in 1850, covering the 20th Congress, second section on page 10 of the appendix, read the report of the Secretary of War on this point.

I thank you for your assurance that "the education of the people of the United States in these directions will sometime be accomplished, and that then there will no longer be an Indian problem."

When after months of effort in Washington, I finally received

VOL. 33

J.E. Greene.

the order to establish this school, Mrs. Pratt and I called upon
Gen. Sherman, who had been my greatest opponent. He had come
down gracefully, but at once asserted that I had made a mistake,
and that I should have taken one of our large western posts where
the transportation would not be so great, and where I could have
more land, etc. I said to him that Indian education was to be
accomplished by two methods. First, by educating the Indian,
and second, by educating the white man to the fact that the Indian
could be educated; and I said that neither of these can be ac-
complished in the presence of the Indian; both must be in the
presence of the white man, else there is no result. He was kind
enough to say "You are a long headed fellow," and there the mat-
ter dropped. What we want now is for the newspapers to roll
back the tide of opposition, that was growing up all through
Cleveland's Administration, and which Civil Service rather perpet-
uates, because it leaves Democrats in office everywhere, and the
fellows who hold sub offices are now coming to the front as the
real rulers.

I wish I could see you and have a good talk. Can you not
spare a week at our Commencement, the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd of March,
and remain over?

(Dictated) Mc

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460

Carlisle, Pa., January 7th, 1896.

Dr. A.M. Seabrook,
M.E. Hospital,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Miss Seabrook:

I have arranged that Pasqual will go down to you
Tuesday morning, so as to reach Philadelphia at 11.48 as you de-
sire. She should get back here by Wednesday night.

I thank you for the information about the "No Dust" preparation.

(Dictated) Mc

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461

Carlisle, Pa., January 10th, 1898.

Wm. H. Scott,
President, Presbyterian Social Union,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Sirs:

When I accepted your invitation for the 24th the other
day, I did it off-hand and without fully considering one feature
of it; that is the closing paragraph of your letter in which you
say that Mr. Herbert Welsh will be there, and if there is time that
you intend to ask him to say something. You evidently regard
Mr. Welsh as an authority on Indian matters. Further considera-
tion leads me to think it best that I withdraw my acceptance, and
enclose you some marked literature.

It is arranged that the two young men shall be there, and my
absence will not interfere with that.

(Dictated) Mc

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D.S. Lindsay,

#14 South Broad Street,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Mr. Lindsay,

I received an invitation from Mr. Scott, President of the Presbyterian Social Union, to be at the banquet on the 24th, and accepted the same. In his last letter he advises that Mr. Herbert Welsh is to be there, and that if there is time he will call on him for something.

While I was glad to have an opportunity to express myself, I feel now that under all the circumstances it would be better for me to decline the invitation, and I have so written Mr. Scott.

As he indicated to me that this invitation to me was given on your suggestion, I feel it best to write you thus. I do not care to have my name coupled with Mr. Welsh, or to appear upon the same platform with him, nor do I care tolisten to anything he says. I have had quite enough of that sort of thing in the past.

(Dictated) Mc

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Carlisle, Pa., January 11th, 1898.

Honorable James S. Sherman,
Chairman, Committee on Indian Affairs,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sir:

I beg to extend to you and your Committee, and the members of their families in Washington, a most cordial invitation to be present at our annual Commencement exercises on the 2nd and 3rd of March.

Special care will leave Washington at 7:00 on the morning of Wednesday, the 2nd, and leave here Thursday evening, the 3rd, at 6 P.M. The regular train connections now return you to Washington at 10:00. This enables the party to witness all the important exercises of our Commencement period. All coming are to be the guests of the Institution.

We hope every member of your Committee will come.

(Dictated) Me

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Hon. Cornelius N. Bliss,

Secretary of the Interior,

Washington, D.C.

Dear Mr. Secretary:

You have several times spoken of your intended visit to Carlisle. I write now to ask whether it is not practicable for you to come up soon, and whether you could arrange that we have the great honor of a visit from the President at the same time.

You could leave Washington at 7:55 in the morning; be here at 12:25, and leave at 6:00, arriving in Washington at 10:55 the same evening, or better still remain over with us one day.

Our Commencement occurs on the 2nd and 3rd of March. On Wednesday P.M. we have a general inspection of our industrial work and an exhibition of our physical culture and athletics; in the evening a general gathering, at which latterly we have a thousand to fifteen hundred invited guests, in addition to the school.

Members of Congress and Officials usually come up on Wednesday morning, arriving here at 12:25, and take part in inspecting the industries and physical instruction. The 3rd, Thursday, morning is given up to an examination of the school-room work, and in the afternoon is the Commencement exercises.

Nothing could gratify us more than to have you come up with

VOL. 33

Hon. C. N. Blinn.

the Congressional party Wednesday afternoon, remain over and return to Washington Thursday afternoon. It seems to me just the occasion for the President to express himself on the Indian question, and signify his interest in the education of their youth. I always have some one outside of the school to give the diplomas and address the class. Twice we have had the Secretary of the Interior perform this service for us, once the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, once the Superintendent of Schools, once a Senator and once a member of the House Committee. It would be our greatest honor, and especially gratifying to all if the President came at this time and would perform this service this year.

I shall be glad to undertake everything for the comfort of the party, and to arrange convenience of transportation. Sometimes, we have a special train, and at other times special cars, for the Washington guests.

(Dictated) Mc

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VOL. 33

466

Carlisle, Pa., January 13th, 1898.

Mary Ann Wright,
Wathersfield, Conn.

My dear good friend:

I am made doubly grateful today by receipt
of your check, and by the kindly interest and warm expressions
of appreciation for our work.

The great interest you have had in us all the years is vast-
ly more valuable because of the many days and years of your life.
Often, when I have had hope waning within me, you and other kind
friends have warmed me and renewed my zeal, by just such help and
such appreciation, and I cannot thank you enough.

I have felt all the years that I was standing for the whole
United States, and especially for all the friends of the Indians,
that I was fighting their battle and endeavoring to evolve the
conditions of unity and fraternity that the Master both taught and
exemplified, and that friends, whom we have never met, have come to
help and have been loyal year after year in their self elected
beneficence, has been more strength to me than I can tell.

If I might be allowed to express a wish in regard to your
kindness and interest, it would be this, that I might have the great
pleasure of your presence and have you look into the faces of the
850 young Indians, coming from nearly all the tribes, who now make
up the Carlisle family, and witness for yourself the thoughtful,
earnest character, and the promise of future usefulness.

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Mr. D.S. Lindsay,

# 14 South Broad Street,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Friend:

Under the circumstances I shall be very glad to be
on hand the evening of the 24th. The two young men are also ar-
ranged for,

Mr. Scott indicated the Lafayette and Bellevue hotels, and
as I had been at the Lafayette before, I said I should prefer to stop
there.

We will reach Philadelphia at 5:47, and shall be at the Hotel
by 6 o'clock.

(Dictated) Mc

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Howard E. Gansworth,
42 N. Edward's Hall,
Princeton, N.J.

My dear Howard:

Your subject is a good one for you to take, and I am sure you can in the five, six or seven minutes you have, say a good deal which will be helpful to those earnest, and I am sure very influential men whom we shall meet. I would say little or nothing about myself, beyond the mere statement of your experience at home and at Carlisle, and your desire to graduate from Princeton. Make that brief, and then take up your line of thought. If you leave yourself out altogether, and argue from the experiences and observations you have had, I think it would be even better.

Be sure to go down so as to reach the Lafayette Hotel by or before 6 o'clock when David and I will be there. The Lafayette is on Broad Street, two blocks south of the Public Buildings. I have asked Mr. Scott to let you know about the beginning and end of the affair.

(Dictated) Mc

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Rev. J.L. Lippincott,
M.E. Hospital, SO. Broad & Wolfe Sts.,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Doctor,

We have fixed on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd of March for
our Commencement, and I shall be very happy, indeed, to have you
with us, and be glad to have you occupy a little time at our Wednes-
day evening class meeting, and to make the prayer at our Commencement
exercises.

If you could be here on the Sunday previous, I should
be glad, indeed, to have you preach the sermon, not exactly baccalaureate,
but something on that order; or I will write to Dr. Ferguson,
and ask him to do it, if you think best, though I feel sure our
Carlisle people would rather hear you. I can take care of your expenses,
and Mrs. Lippincott's if you will send her, and entertain
you, not handsomely, but well.

I have not seen the Mohawk Conference Annual, and would be
glad to have a copy if you can spare one. I am sorry to feel, as
I do most thoroughly, that Mohawk is an enemy to the proper civili-
ation of the Indians.

(distated) Mo

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VOL. 33

Carliole, Pa., January 13th, 1898.

WM. H. Scott,
1211 Clover Street,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Sir:

I shall be on hand the evening of the 24th; leaving here
so as to reach Philadelphia at 5:47.

I have a letter from the young Indian now at Princeton, which
I enclose. I told him he had better select a subject and formulate
his ideas, and gave him my subject. He is quite an able fellow,
and although he seems pretentious in his choice, I think he will not
disappoint you. He is one of the most speakings we ever had at
the school. Will you not kindly give him reply to his question as
to the beginning and closing.

(Dictated) Mo

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VOL. 33

Capitals, Pa., January 13th, 1898.

George W. Tascadale,

7th and Popular Streets,

St. Louis, Missouri.

Bir

I enclose you bill of lading for 32 sacks of apples, dried, weighing on re shipment 8000 pounds, a decrease in weight, since received, or 98 pounds.

These are returned to you by order of the Hon. Commissioner
of Indian Affairs.

(Signed) Mc

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Carlisle, Pa., January 14th, 1898.

Miss Annie H. Park,
615 Walnut Street,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

Dear Madam:

You may send me editorial slips, only on the Indian
question, particularly would I like those relating to Carlisle.
At the end of the 100, inform me and I will remit, and will then
tell you whether we shall continue or not. Such as you sent from
the Hartford Current, are always acceptable.

(Dioptated) Ma

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VOL. 33

Hon. R.K. Spangler,
Carlisle, Penn'a.

My dear Sir:

I am in receipt of the invitation of your Committee
for myself and the employees and pupils of the School for the 22nd
of February at 2 o'clock, and thank you for the same.

There will be a delegation of us on hand. Just how many,
I cannot now say.

(Dictated) Mc

476

Carlisle, Pa., January 14th '98

Dr. J.H. Smart,

Prest. Purdue University,
Lafayette, Indiana.

My dear Doctor:

Our schedule for big games is pretty well in hand. Our boys are going to play Illinois again in Chicago on the 19th of November. The Illinois team think they are entitled to satisfaction, and it seems in the true spirit to give them another game.

The gentlemanly treatment our boys received, both in the game and afterwards as guests of Illinois, have quite won our players.

All dates are under consideration. It seems likely the team will have to give the Ohio University and Medical College combined another game, as the day our boys played in Columbus last fall was bad, and results unsatisfactory. It is possible that a date can be arranged for Purdue on this western trip, and I suggest your manager write Mr. W. G. Thompson, our manager, sometime soon, and if a date can be fixed we shall be glad to play with Purdue; partly because of Hoosierdom. I was raised in Indiana, and went into the War from Delphi.

(Dictated) Mc

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Supt. H.W. Spray,
Harlem, Mont.

My dear Mr. Spray:

I got your letter sometime ago; am glad to hear from you. There is really nothing new to write about. The Democrats are still running the Government through the clerks and heads of divisions in the Departments. The Republican policy has not taken root, and the situation is unsatisfactory.

You should get the Congressional Record beginning with the Convening of Congress after the Holidays and running up to the 12th inst., and read the speeches, pro and con, on Civil Service. I think the whole thing is well riddled, and that mitigation must come through some action of Congress.

I did say a word for Mrs. Spray to the Commissioner. Hailman asked me to, and I told the Commissioner that Hailman had asked me to, and that I thought she ought to have an opportunity. He said nothing, but I suppose that did lead to the action.

We are having beautiful spring weather here, mild and gen-
tle. I am sorry for you up there with your to below zero weather.
We are coming through the winter in good shape. Never had a
smaller sick list at this season than we have now.

With kindest remembrances to Mrs. Spray, and best wishes
for you all.

Always faithfully yours,

(Dictated) Mo

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Wm. F. Campbell,
234 Third Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C.

My dear William:

I am very greatly obliged to you for the remittance and herewith send you three of your notes, given respectively on Feb. 8, 1892, March 6, 1892, and April 8, 1892, for $20.00 in each case. You have still two notes in my possession, one for $60.00 and one for $60.00, though of course you know of these.

I should be glad, indeed, to see you at our Commencement which occurs on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd of March, and if you are in Washington, to have you come up as our guest with the delegation from there. The class this year numbers 23, not quite so large as last year, but we have been a little more exacting, and several have been unable to meet the new requirements. We wish to eliminate entirely the habit of excusing for deficiencies, and to make the diploma represent truly all it says. It has been a hard and a long pull to get up to our present standard.

(Dictated) Mc

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Carliell, Pa., January 14th, 1898.

Joseph Adams,

Haskell Institute,
Lawrence, Kans.

My dear Joe:

I got your letter from Haskell dated the 10th. So, you have drifted back to the Haskell reservation. A few weeks off, and the slight difficulties you met, incomparably small I think, frightened you from the field. I believe you could and should have stayed at Colorado Springs. I believe you could and should have stayed at Denver, and that it would have been more in your pocket eventually, aside from more in your head, in your purpose, and in your manhood. Still, it is all right, and the Divinity that shapes your end may be wiser than Capt. Pratt.

Because you have not met my wishes or views, makes me now the less anxious for your future and your ultimate success.

You seem to emphasize the advice given you by one of the Professors and by Mrs. Warren. We can always get any kind of advice we want in this world, and good people are no less smart to see which way the cat is jumping than bad people, and if approached on one side, the blind side, will advise accordingly. Had I said very few words to either Mrs. Warren, or the Professor, your dean, both of them would have given you entirely contrary advice, so that that means nothing.

I shall always be ready to forward your interests along the

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VOL. 33

Dr. C.R. Blackall,
1632 Chestnut Street,
Philadelphia, Penn'a.

My dear Doctor:

I am very greatly obliged to you for the copies
of "Our Young People", and can use them to good advantage.

I am sorry I could not serve you at the time, but it was
not best for other reasons besides the pressure that was upon
me. I am not in accord with the Indian School Management, and
regret to say that the matter does not adjust itself. Just
what will be the termination, I do not know. I feel that I
should press my views and my work as long as I have anything to
do with Indians, and take no backward steps.

(Dictated) Mc

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Capitole, Pa., January 15th, 1996.

Mr. Chas. P. Jordan,

Rosebud Agency,
South Dakota.

My dear Mr. Jordan:

You have been a long while connected with Rosebud and Pine Ridge Agencies. You may have some recollection of the first party that I made up at Pine Ridge and Rosebud in October 1979. If you can remember, I should be glad to know from you any connection Inspector Pellock may have had with the making of that party. I know that he was not at either Rosebud or Pine Ridge when I was there. He claims that he was at the landing. I hired Indian teams to haul the students to the landing, and I cannot recall that he was there. Still, I want to give full credit to every influence which helped me, and to claim nothing for myself to which I am not entitled.

Will you please write me at once any recollection you have of that matter, and Maj. Pellock's connection with it?

(Dictated) Mc

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Carlisle, Pa., January 15th, 1898.

Dr. Alice M. Seabrook,
M.E. Hospital, 50. Broad Street,
Philadelphia.

My dear Miss Seabrook:

I am glad to get your brief note recounting Estaine's success, and especially glad that she got the $10.00 It will be a great boon to her. She is one of the brightest and happiest girls in America, and confronts difficulties and hard work with unrelenting ardor and ambition.

I shall be in Philadelphia with David McFarland and How-
ard Gansworth to be before the Presbyterian Social Union with a
thirty minutes talk on the Indian question. The boys are to speak,
also DR. Spinning. We shall stop at the Lafayette Hotel. Please
tell Dr. Lippincott, I do not think I told him where I would stop.

(Dictated) Mc

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Curlisle, Pa., January 15th, 1898.

Dr. G.M. Phillips,

Principal West Chester Normal School,
West Chester, Penna.

My dear Doctor:

Replying to your letter of the 14th, years ago I
asked Mr. Edmunds what steps were necessary for an Indian to take
in order to become a citizen of the United States. His brief re-
ply was "Let him pay his taxes and be ready to fight for the
Government; there are no other steps necessary." Repeatedly
in the eighteen years of this school have our young men at the
school and out from it tested this recipe practically, and found
it effective in every case. We have now four or five voters, who,
having graduated from the school and remained here as employees,
care to exercise the elective franchise, and so they pay their
small assessment of taxes every year and go to the poles, and
nobody says nay.

There are a very considerable number of Indians throughout
the United States who are living among the white people, paying
their taxes and voting.

I was exceedingly glad to see our contingent with you at the
Holidays. All appeared so well and happy, and apparently getting
on well. I count a good deal on West Chester. Miss Robertson
is one of the best teachers I have, and that is not disparaging
any of them.

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Carlisle, Pa., January 18th, 1898.

Mr. James Miller,

South Milton, Mich.

My dear Mr. Miller:

I thank you for yours of the 6th, which was mailed on the 11th, and also for the enclosed paper. I feel that the authorities in Washington ought to know confidentially about it, and of course the best way is to submit to them the paper with the interpretation. Two of my boys have given me a good interpretation of what the priest said, which confirms yours.

Now, I will be responsible to you for this paper, and will know where I can lay my hands on it if necessary, and will not expose you in any way. It is, as I think, of the greatest importance that the underhanded methods of the priests should be known. It is not a new action of theirs at all. We have met just the same influences all the years. As these priests are not native-born Americans, many of them not even naturalized, and as few of them speak our language plainly, it is evident that they are en-miss of the United States, and that their act is a treasonable act, and should be met in some way.

They will probably ask for a continuation of the appropriation for the school at Harbor Springs, and it ought to be known to the members of Congress, who give the money. Just how these people are talking against Government schools. Therefore, although you ask me to return you the paper, It seems to me that with this before you you will be willing that I should keep it, at least for the present.

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C O P Y T R E L E G R A M .

Carlisle, Pa., January 1st, 1898.

Dr. R.B. Gleason,
41 Eo. 19th Street,
Philadelphia, Penna.

Can you see Mrs. Cook, one of my
teachers, tomorrow, Sunday, between one and three? Ear trouble.
Goes down in morning. Want her back for school Monday. Wire
answer.

R.H. Pratt, Capt.

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489

INDIAN INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL,

President G.M. Philips,
Normal School, West Chester,
Pennsylvania.

My dear Doctor:

I am wanting to find out what the practice is in various educational institutions in regard to salaries during the absence of Professors. Suppose a Professor is paid for two weeks or a month and absent from duty, and some one has to be employed in his place. In such a case would the Professor be paid in your Institution, and also the person employed in the Professor's place? Or would the Professor forfeit his pay? Suppose a Professor was absent on some duty for the Institution and absent two weeks or a month, and some one had to be employed in his place. Would the Institution continue the Professor's salary, and also pay the salary of the person so employed? Suppose a Professor was absent in his own interests for two weeks or a month, and some one had to be employed in his place. Would the Institution pay him during such an absence, and also the person employed?

By answering these questions, you will aid me in arriving at a conclusion in regard to difficulties and contentsions I am having just now.

(Dictated) Mo

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Carliell, Pa., January 19th, 1898.

Mr. P.A. Emery,

Press Gallery, House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Emery:

I think I had better write a special letter to
Mr. Chin Pong Ya, and I will do so at once. Our invitations are
not yet out, but a Commemoration is fixed for the 2nd and 3rd of
March. We shall be very glad, indeed, to have him with us,
both on his own account and ours.

(Dictated) Mc

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Carlisle, Pa., January 10th, 1906.

Mr. H.E. Devendorf,

Clerk, Committee on Indian Affairs,
House of Representatives, Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Devendorf:

The railroads prior to this year had no connection beyond Baltimore for the train which leaves us at 9 o'clock in the evening, but their last time table gives a connection.

Our schedule will be, leave Washington at 7:30 A.M. Wednesday, and arrive at our siding at 12:25. Leave our siding at 8:00 in the evening of Thursday, and arrive in Washington at 10:00. Each person will have a separate ticket, so that should there be any special reason to return earlier they can do so. Members who have been here will understand how it is. We shall expect to see them again as before. I shall be glad to have you come with some people as you propose. If I could know how many will probably come, it will help in the preparations. I intend to be in Washington next week, and will call at the committee room.

Dept. 48th Cav'y., Supt.

(Dictated) Mo

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Carlsle, Pa., January 19th, 1898.

Mrs. A. F. W. Robertson,
Museegee, I. O. T.

My dear Friend:

It is always pleasant to hear from such a veteran
in the work as you, and especially when you give such good encourage-
ment.

Our Indian peoples are passing through doorways in their
experience, both the civilized tribes and the others. My own
thought about it is that we have done altogether too much for them
for their own good. We have rendered them helpless; taken away
their independence and their self support, and substituted a mis-
erable management that has destroyed their manhood. Slavery
was not nearly as bad as the system of Indian management we have
instituted and are perpetrating, and which it seems impossible to
break up. The great first edict, which meant health and life
to man kind, that is that he should eat his bread in the sweet of
his face, we have denied him. We have said in our Indian mat-
agement that God made a mistake. We know a better way. This
will have to be corrected if we make any real progress, and if we
produce any real men.

Mrs. Pratt joins me in the kindest remembrances to you.

(Signed) Mo

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497

493

Carlisle, Pa., January 20th, 1898.

Mrs. Samuel Williams,
Williamston, Mich.

Dear Madam:

Replying to your letter of the 18th, I am sorry not to
be able to give you any documentary assistance. The question of
citizenship for the Indians has come up in Congress, and been pretty
thoroughly discussed in past years, and if you could get hold of
such discussions you would probably find much information to serve
your purpose, but I am unable to cite you to the particular time.
I should say that during the discussions of the Lands in Severalty
Bill in '83, 4, 6 and 6, would be about the time.

Giving you a limited personal expression about it, I have to
 invite your attention to the fact that we have in no case as yet
 attempted to make the Indians real citizens of the United States.
 There has in every case within my knowledge been a crippling con-
 nection, as in the case of the lands in severalty where the Gov-
 ernment provides that Indians, after taking their lands, shall
 become citizens of the United States, but also provides that they
 shall not own their property in full for 25 years, and that their
 property shall not be taxed. This, of course, makes them unwelcome
citizens in any community, for their neighbors must pay to keep
 up the roads and schools, and pay the county, state and national
 Governments. These conditions are entirely unnecessary, and ex-
 ceedingly harmful to the Indian himself. The law of necessity
 which requires that "in the sweat of his face shall man eat bread"
 should apply in full, and not until that time will the Indian rise

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Mrs. Samuel Williams. -2-

to his proper place. He cleyed the Divine decree in his savage
state in that respect at least, and developed special qualifications.
He was a great hunter. It has taken a. too paternal
Government, and a mistaken so-called Christian sentiment, to
remove him from that condition, and to pauperize him by supporting
him for long years in the interests of a pensioning poor house
system.

In the early days of this school, the question of what the
Indian must do in order to become a citizen came into my mind,
and I submitted it to Hon. Geo. F. Edmond, then Senator from Ver-
mont, and chairman of the Judiciary Committee of the United States
Senate. Mr. Edmond informed me very graphically that all the
Indian had to do was to pay his taxes, and be ready if called upon
to fight for the Government, and following the recipe, dozens of
young men from this school, who have located away from their
tribes, have become genuine citizens of the United States.

Regretting that I cannot give you more elaborate information,

I am

(Dictated) lie

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Carlisle, Pa., January 30th, 1893.

Guy Le Roy Stevick,

1321 Ernest & Cranmer Building,
Denver, Colorado.

My dear Guy:

I was not a little surprised and disappointed at the course of Joe Adams. He has broken down my plans and expectations in your section, I fear, entirely. I thought he had more grit. He received his appointment at Haskell without the Department having consulted me, which is another direct stroke in the line of the policy of the Superintendent of Indian Schools as against my policy. However, I shall survive it.

Tell Marion to use the balance of the money for the children. Laura's birthday will come pretty soon.

Things are going a little better with us, but I am bothered with the Democrats still remaining as subs in the offices in Washington, who boss the situation quite a good deal. If I had my way, I would clean the whole pose out.

I told Senator Teller the other day that while I was not at all friendly to free silver, if the Republicans go to the country in the next campaign on the same old Civil Service platform, to the Democrats, Populists, Mug Wamps, or whoever they have, adopting the plank against Civil Service which Bryan had, I shall swallow free silver and vote for the abolition of Civil Service.

We have had quite a hospital at our house for some time. Richenda was housed with a severe case of tonsillitis for more than a week, and Nana was almost hysterical for days from an ear

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G. LeRoy Stevick.

trouble. The thing finally broke, and if quantity exuded indicates anything, her brain must have been in a bad state before, and be well cleared up now. She is still confined to the house, but was down to her meals yesterday. Your mother and I propose to be absent most of next week in Philadelphia and Washington. I am to speak before a convention of elect Presbyterians Monday night in Philadelphia, and then go on to Washington to attend to some social and official duties.

With love to you all in which all here join,

Faithfully yours,

(Dictated) Mc

VOL. 33

Mr. Chin Pom Ye,

Envoy Extraordinary, Minister Plenipotentiary from Korea,
# 13 Thirteenth Street, N.W.,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Sirs:

Some ten years or more ago, I was at a reception at the White House with a small party of Indian Chiefs, and met at that time either you or your predecessor in office very pleasantly. The interest in my party which was expressed at that time leads me to think that you might care to witness the evolution of the wild Indian wrought by the Government school system through bringing him into closer contact with our civilization and giving him an education, and I take great pleasure in extending to you and your Legation and their families a special invitation to be present at our Commencement exercises which occur on the 2nd and 3rd of March next.

We have 684 young Indians, representing nearly 70 different tribes, under our care. This special occasion relates to the graduation from our school of a small party of 24 who have passed successfully through all its grades. We also use that occasion to make a full showing of our system, which is both industrial and literary.

Should you and those with you in the Legation find it convenient to be with us on that occasion, you would come as the guests of the school. Special care and transportation will be provided

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498

Mr. Chin Pom Ye

-2-

arrivals for our Washington party. The time of leaving Washington
is 7:50 on the morning of Wednesday, the 8th of March, arriving
at Carlisle at 12:25 in time for dinner; witnessing the afternoon
exercises which consist of a showing of our industrial and physical
culture systems, a meeting in the evening with addresses from
distinguished visitors, and a careful inspection and examination
of the school room work on the afternoon of Thursday, and the
general graduating exercises on Thursday afternoon, having an
evening meal on Thursday in time to allow the party to take the
6 o'clock train, reaching Washington at 10:58.

My friend, Mr. Unery, of the Associated Press, who has been
with us on former occasions, intends coming, and in a conversation
with him some time ago, in which I expressed a desire that he should
be with us again, led to his speaking of you as his neighbor. Later,
I will send you the ordinary invitation and program.

Trusting we may have the great honor of your presence, I
am, with distinguished consideration

(Dictated) Mc

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499

Editor of the Press,
Philadelphia, Penna.

Dear Sirs,

I note that my subscription for your paper expired the 31st of December. I enclose $1.00. When the time for which this pays has expired, please discontinue sending it by mail. It often fails to reach me until noon, and I can always have it delivered by the news dealers in town a little after eight o'clock, and I understand that all Philadelphia papers will be delivered here in the early morning train at 6 O'clock. It will, therefore, suit me better to take it from the town than to take it through the mail.

(Dictated) Mc

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500

Nancy Seneca,

Medico-Chi Hospital, 17th & Cherry Sts.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Nancy:

Do not be hasty in meeting the action of the managers
of the Hospital. Mrs. Pratt and I expect to be down on Monday
and be in Philadelphia over Tuesday, and I hope to see you. We
can then talk it all over, but should I be unable to get to the Hos-
remember that
pital, you can for a few weeks or even months get on with the
three dollars per month, and it may turn out not to be bad as you
expect. What you are needing is not money, but your graduation
diploma. You have your food and washing, and you start pretty
well fixed, and there is only a year of it. Do you not remember
that I have frequently said that when I was learning a trade
as a boy, I received exactly the same amount, $36.00 per year, for
all of my expenses outside of my board and washing. Shifting to
another hospital would put you with strangers, and would detract
very much from the prestige of your graduation. Let us care-
fully consider all the points in the case before we move, and
that I am very willing to do with you always, Nancy, as you
know.

(Dictated) Mc

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Carlllel, Pa., January 20th, 1898.

John Collin,

702 North 43rd Street,
Philadelphia, Penna.

My dear Friend;

You are advising of the book by "Cance and Dog Train"
came several days ago, and wondering the book arrived.

I have met Mr. Young at Mohawk, and heard him speak. He
told exaggerated stories, but I bought most of his books.

Thank you for the book, which I place in our Reference Li-
brary.

(Distributed) Mc

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