LAMBETH PALACE, SURRY.

with a grant of the fourth part of the offerings made at the tomb of that pretended martyr, for the carrying on of this work. But notwithstanding Baldwin's precaution to hide his secret design, the Monks forefaw, that if this college was perfected, it might not only withdraw the archbishops from their residence amongst them, but also induce those prelates to make choice of that place as well for confecrating bishops, as the chrysfm for the use of the diocese; besides, that being dedicated to Becket, might divide the devotions and donations of the people; and still worse, the college might in time be made the mother church of the diocese, and the Secular Canons the chapter, which would deprive the monaftery of their usurped power of choosing the archbishops.

ACTUATED by these considerations, they stirred up the whole body of Monks and people, and appealed to the pope, from whom they were sure to meet with countenance. The archbishop, however, purfued his work; and not having stone ready for his chapel, erected one of wood, solemnly confecrated it, and placed therein secular priefts or canons; alledging, he had only fulfilled the intentions of both Anfelm and Becket, and therefore refused to appear to the appeal. The Monks nevertheless still prosecuted their suit at Rome by gifts, requefts, and repeated appeals, till they prevailed on pope Urban the Third to send an order to archbifhop Baldwin, not only to stop his work, but also to demolifh it, and make void every thing he had done. Urban dying, and being succeeded by Gregory, with whom Baldwin had great interest, he again fet his design on foot; and to give the Monks the lefs umbrage, by fixing it at a confiderable distance from Canterbury, procured from the Monks of Rochester certain lands in Lambeth in exchange. When the demolition of the church at Hackington could not be avoided, it was agreed, that the foundation should be translated to Lambeth; which agreement was made by king Richard the First, with the concurrence of the bifhops and barons, and fealed with their feals. Thus authorized, the archbifhop transported by water the fones, timber, and other materials which he had prepared for his college, and began the foundation of a collegiate church at Lambeth; but he did not live to finish it; and his successor, Reginald, surviving him only forty-nine days, nothing more was done towards its completion.

HUBERT WALTER, the next archbifhop, resumed the work in good earneſt, and procured the church and manor of Lambeth, which he caused to be confirmed to himself and succedors by king Richard the First, anno 1197, as has before been related.

ONE would have thought, that removing the intended college ſo far from Canterbury might have put an end to the fears of the Monks; yet ſo tenacious were they of their favourite and newly affumed right of electing the archbifhops, that they oppofed it with all their might, and ſent one of their body to remonstrate to the archbifhop againſt this foundation. He, on his part, made them ſeveral conſeſſions and equitable propofals; but all would not do; and they privately ſent to Rome two of their body, and obtained from pope Innocent a bull, conceived in ſo haughty a ſtyle, as might better have become an eastern tyrant, than a Christian prelate; for he not only ordered that the college at Lambeth ſhould be demolished, and the Canons turned out; but also threatened, that if it was not done in thirty days, he would command the bifhops of the province of Canterbury not to own the archbifhop as their metropolitan, and would ſuspend him from his office as bifhop; and in a letter afterwards to the king, he had theſe infolent expressions, " That he held the place of God upon earth, and without distinction of perſons he would punish the men and the nations that prefumed to oppoſe his commands." As for the chapel at Lambeth, when it was juſt finished, anno 1199, all the differences about it being put to a reference, the arbitrators awarded, anno 1202, that the chapel ſhould be pulled down to the ground, and that the archbifhop might here at Lambeth, or any other ſpot than the foundation of the former chapel, build an ordinary church, and place therein not leſs than thirteen, nor more than twenty Premonſtratiſan Canons, and endow the fame with one hundred pounds a year, upon condition that no bifhop ſhould be there confecrated, no councils held, no abbots admitted, no orders conferred, &c. But the archbifhop did not think fit to build one upon theſe difagreeable and humiliating terms. Lambeth, however, was advantaged by this dispute,

LAMBETH PALACE, SURRY.

with a grant of the fourth part of the offerings made at the tomb of that pretended martyr, for the carrying on of this work. But notwithstanding Baldwin's precaution to hide his secret design, the Monks forefaw, that if this college was perfected, it might not only withdraw the archbishops from their residence amongst them, but also induce those prelates to make choice of that place as well for consecrating bishops, as the chryfm for the use of the diocese; besides, that being dedicated to Becket, might divide the devotions and donations of the people; and still worse, the college might in time be made the mother church of the diocese, and the Secular Canons the chapter, which would deprive the monastery of their usurped power of choosing the archbishops.

ACTUATED by these considerations, they stirred up the whole body of Monks and people, and appealed to the pope, from whom they were sure to meet with countenance. The archbishop, however, purfued his work; and not having stone ready for his chapel, erected one of wood, solemnly consecrated it, and placed therein secular priests or canons; alluding, he had only fulfilled the intentions of both Anfelm and Becket, and therefore refused to appear to the appeal. The Monks nevertheless still profecuted their fruit at Rome by gifts, requefts, and repeated appeals, till they prevailed on pope Urban the Third to send an order to archbishop Baldwin, not only to stop his work, but also to demolish it, and make void every thing he had done. Urban dying, and being succeeded by Gregory, with whom Baldwin had great intereft, he again set his design on foot; and to give the Monks the lefs umbrage, by fixing it at a considerable distance from Canterbury, procured from the Monks of Rochester certain lands in Lambeth in exchange. When the demolition of the church at Hackington could not be avoided, it was agreed, that the foundation should be translated to Lambeth; which agreement was made by king Richard the First, with the concurrence of the bishops and barons, and fealed with their feals. Thus authorized, the archbifhop transported by water the stones, timber, and other materials which he had prepared for his college, and began the foundation of a collegiate church at Lambeth; but he did not live to finish it; and his successor, Reginald, surviving him only forty-nine days, nothing more was done towards its completion.

HUBERT WALTER, the next archbishop, resumed the work in good earneſt, and procured the church and manor of Lambeth, which he caused to be confirmed to himself and successeſors by king Richard the First, anno 1197, as has before been related.

ONE would have thought, that removing the intended college so far from Canterbury might have put an end to the fears of the Monks; yet so tenacious were they of their favourite and newly affumed right of electing the archbishops, that they oppofed it with all their might, and ſent one of their body to remonstrate to the archbifhop againſt this foundation. He, on his part, made them ſeveral conceſſions and equitable propofals; but all would not do; and they privately ſent to Rome two of their body, and obtained from pope Innocent a bull, conceived in ſo haughty a ſtile, as might better have become an eastern tyrant, than a Christian prelate; for he not only ordered that the college at Lambeth ſhould be demolifed, and the Canons turned out; but also threatened, that if it was not done in thirty days, he would command the bifhops of the province of Canterbury not to own the archbishop as their metropolitan, and would ſuspend him from his office as bifhop; and in a letter afterwards to the king, he had theſe infolent expreſſions, “That he held the place of God upon earth, and without diffiſtinction of perſons he would puniſh the men and the nations that preſumed to oppoſe his commands.” As for the chapel at Lambeth, when it was juſt finished, anno 1199, all the differences about it being put to a reference, the arbitrators awarded, anno 1202, that the chapel ſhould be pulled down to the ground, and that the archbifhop might here at Lambeth, or any other ſpot than the foundation of the former chapel, build an ordinary church, and place therein not leſs than thirteen, nor more than twenty Premonſtratiſan Canons, and endow the fame with one hundred pounds a year, upon condition that no bifhop ſhould be there consecrated, no councils held, no abbots admitted, no orders conferred, &c. But the archbifhop did not think fit to build one upon theſe diſagreeable and humiliating terms. Lambeth, however, was advantaged by this dispute,

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Yale Center for British Art, 2015