PRESERVATION in situ of the Old Courthouse standing on the Historic Site is mandatory. The Old Courthouse is to be restored to its original state, with its curbs, railings, light standards, and other features, but this restoration is not a part of the Competitor's problem. The Old Cathedral belongs to the Roman Catholic Church and must be preserved, in situ. Since the ground on which it stands forms an enclave in the Site a continuance of the cooperation always extended by the Church authorities will be invited in order that the Cathedral may be treated as an integral part of the plan. The preservation of the Manuel Lisa Warehouse, generally known as the Old Rock House, is considered desirable but is not mandatory if its preservation is incompatible with the Competitor's conception of the appropriate development of the Historic Site.

THE "HISTORIC MARKERS" shown on the accompanying plan of the Historic Site (Appendix B) may be disregarded if they interfere with the disposition of buildings or other elements of the plan. Existing paved streets within the Site are shown in brown on the plan above mentioned only for the information of Competitors, who may disregard them if they choose.

THE LANDSCAPING of the Historic Site may be considered from two points of view. Generally speaking Historic Sites within the meaning of the Act are supposed to be preserved in their original state and Competitors may assume that the present state of the Historic Site is its original state for the purposes of this Competition. Since, however, the Site has actually lost all its original topographical and nearly all its later urban characteristics Competitors may, at their option, either disregard its topography or remodel it. If the first assumption is made then the present general effect of sloping from Third Street to the Levee must be preserved and the underground structures called for below for "The Parking of Vehicles" must be so designed as to leave the existing grades substantially unchanged and to permit planting grass and shrubbery over them. If trees are shown planted over the areas occupied by underground structures soil conditions must be created for them that will permit their survival for their normal life expectancy. If the second assumption is made then the underground structures

may be housed below a terrace or terraces, which may also house the elevated railroad structure along the Levee either in whole or in part, as discussed above under "Appendix B". If terraces are used ample and easy access from them to the Levee must be provided. Whether the underground structures are placed below the present grades or under terraces it is suggested that they be concentrated in as small an area as possible in order that plenty of room may be left for planting shade trees under normal conditions. The underground parking facilities may be disposed on several levels. Rock excavation in the area is not a serious consideration from the point of view of cost. Planting must be realistically conceived. In the hot, dry summers of St. Louis flowers cannot be used for decorative effect on a large scale. There are various native shrubs, flowering and other, which survive without excessive care, and various deciduous trees. A study of tree and plant varieties is not required and the above directive is only to indicate the form the planting must take. Clipped trees may not be used. Other ideas about the landscaping will suggest themselves after a consideration of "Recreational Possibilities" and "Access" discussed below.

AN OPEN AIR CAMPFIRE THEATRE for conferences and discussions, to seat five hundred and to be lighted at night by firelight, is a standard requirement in every National Park and the Competitor may advantageously provide such a theatre if it seems appropriate to his conception of the nature of the Memorial. The Theatre must be provided with separate toilet facilities.

SMALL BUILDINGS, typical of Old St. Louis, five in number, may be re-erected and reproduced from documents in an appropriate group at some place on the Historic Site at the option of the Competitor. Drawings of a few such buildings are shown herewith.

A MUSEUM OR MUSEUMS dedicated to interpreting the historic significance of the Site of Old St. Louis, the Louisiana Purchase, and the Westward Movement, is to be erected somewhere on the Historic Site. As the Park Service has offices in the Old Courthouse no administrative space need be provided except for curator, guard, and janitor services. The total

16

JEFFERSON NATIONAL EXPANSION MEMORIAL COMPETITION

SECOND STAGE ADDENDA TO THE PROGRAM

I REQUIREMENTS

As stated in the Program for the Competition "the Second Stage will be given over more particularly to the study of a plan for the Historic Site, to be recommended to the Department of the Interior for execution". The requirements for this Second Stage are set forth below. In general all provisions of the Program and supplementary answers to questions apply to the Second Stage, except as limited below.

These requirements are based on decisions reached after considering the comments of the Jury of Award and the Association, as well as consultation with the National Park Service, which last-mentioned agency has cooperated under the reservations set forth in the Program, page 4, "Authority and Responsibility". They are necessarily more restricted than those for the First Stage by the legal limits of authority of the Park Service and are so modified that Competitors will have to revise at least some parts of their First Stage designs fundamentally, especially as concerns the plan. They may, of course, preserve any elements of their First Stage designs that seem to fit into the Second Stage requirements.

The Department of the Interior can consider the execution only of such elements of a recommended plan as fall within the boundaries of the Historic Site. Such elements form the subject of the present study. They are those specified in the Program, page 14, under the heading "The Requirements in General", sub-paragraphs "a", "b", and "d".

The Levee (from the property line of the Historic Site eastward, see Appendix B of the Program), which is City property and cannot form a part of a plan to be recommended to the Department of the Interior for execution, is to be left approximately in its present state except for the removal of the railroad tracks. The Old Rock House is to remain in its present location and at its present level.

The railroad tracks, both elevated and surface, are to be considered as having been removed from the Levee and relocated elsewhere. As no agreement as to their relocation has as yet been arrived at Competitors may assume that, if they are relocated on the Historic Site, they will be entirely below present grades and will not affect the surface layout. The ground may be remodelled as the Competitor may see fit, bearing in mind that clearance for a possible tunnel should be maintained at least at present levels or preferably above.

The Interstate Highway shall be assumed to be constructed exactly as shown on Appendix B. Ways of access for foot passengers to the Historic Site across the Highway are left to the choice of the Competitor. Access for vehicles is to be from the upper (that is the traffic distribution) level of Third Street at grade. Surface parking for a small number of vehicles, at one or more points, is to be provided adjacent to Third Street for the use of visitors desiring to view the Historic Site briefly.

It is to be assumed that any underground structures, such as parking facilities, that may be considered in the future will be entirely below grade and will not affect the surface development of the Historic Site.

Helicopter and railroad terminal facilities cannot be made parts of a plan to be recommended to the Department of the Interior for execution and are not to be included in the designs.

MAKE FLOATING RESTAURANTS

Page 2

In general, the Historic Site is to be treated as a tree-shaded park, sloping or terraced down to the river, leaving a clear view from the Old Courthouse to the Levee. The Architectural Memorial may be placed anywhere on the Historic Site, at the choice of the Competitor, but other buildings of all kinds should be placed near its boundaries rather than towards the centre.

Driveways are to allow access to the extremities of the Levee, along which river boats may land or structures on barges be tied up. Interior driveways, if any, are to be kept to a minimum and must particularly not create a through-traffic condition. Restaurant facilities, whose extent the Competitor may determine, of a popular rather than a luxury type, are to be provided at either extremity of the Levee or at both extremities. They may be placed either on the Site or on the Levee itself. Surface parking should be provided at the above points for a limited number of vehicles.

No fixed landing structures for boats are to be provided. Large river boats will be tied up to the slope of the Levee as they have always been, and small boats will be provided for by floating docks only.

As suggested in discussing in the Program the nature of the interests involved in the project, it is to be anticipated that it will be developed in successive stages rather than at one time, and Competitors, in preparing their designs, should keep this fact in mind. Only the final development is to be shown in the submissions, however.

The design for each successive construction stage, however it may be scheduled, should be conceived as far as possible as complete in itself. In other words, the layout, whether formal or informal, had best be considered as a park, in which buildings may successively be placed with appropriate locations assigned to them, rather than as a balanced composition requiring completion to produce a satisfactory effect. It is deemed undesirable, therefore, that buildings, as distinguished from the Architectural Memorial, be too high or conspicuous.

The museums, as called for in the Program, are to be conceived as being constructed in successive stages rather than as a whole and should be designed accordingly. No detailed requirements for them are available and Competitors may use their own judgment in determining these.

The Architectural Memorial (as called for in the Program, page 14, bottom) is to be conceived as a striking element, not only to be seen from a distance in the landscape but also as a notable structure to be remembered and commented on as one of the conspicuous monuments of the country. Its purpose should be to attract the interest of the multitude as well as that of the connoisseur of art. The development of a suitable symbolic form is left to the Competitor. It is to be essentially non-functional, though its interior, if any, may of course be accessible.

An Open Air Campfire Theatre is to be provided as specified in the Program.

A suitable entourage is to be provided for the Old Cathedral, including a small square, or similar feature, facing the south entrance. The square may form the focus of the group of small buildings called for in the Program and there may be more than five of these buildings if the Competitor chooses. The form of the entourage above described is only by way of suggestion, and Competitors may dispose the small buildings anywhere on the Historic Site. Suitable dependencies for the Cathedral may be grouped around its north and east sides and connected with it, even though they may extend within the boundaries of the Historic Site. These dependencies consist at present of a priest's house and a combined sacristy and museum. The Competitor may also include, by way of suggestion, a small parish house at his option.

The block between Third and Fourth and Market and Chestnut Streets, facing the east elevation of the Old Courthouse, is to be left free of structures other than landscaping elements.

A possible future Living Memorial cannot be made a part of a plan to be recommended to the Department of the Interior for execution and is not to be considered in the designs.

The development of the eastern shore of the River, as well as of the blocks between Third and Fourth Streets and Poplar Street and Washington Avenue, cannot be made a part of a design to be recommended to the Department of the Interior for execution and is not to be included in the designs. Only such widening of streets in the latter area as is shown on Appendix B of the Program is to be assumed.

It is to be noted that the problem here presented consists largely of landscape design and the desirability of associating themselves with landscape architects is again brought to the attention of those architect competitors who have not yet so associated themselves.

## II DRAWINGS REQUIRED

The drawings are to be the same in size and number as those required for the First Stage.

Sheet A is to show the plan, east elevation, and cross-section of the Historic Site, with the architectural and landscape elements described above, at a scale of 1" = 100'. Elevations of individual buildings as seen from Third Street are also to be shown. Sheet B is to show only a perspective of the Historic Site, at as large a scale as possible. It is to be noted that this drawing is to serve not only to allow the Jury of Award to pass on the merits of the design, but also to arouse the interest of the public. Every effort should be made, therefore, to make it a striking presentation, showing the character of the proposed architecture and landscaping in a forceful way intended to inform the layman. As larger scale details showing the character of sculpture and painting proposed by Competitors have already been included in the First Stage submissions only such indications of these elements as may appear in the perspectives are required in the Second Stage.

Lettering of any kind will be acceptable.

The time set for the preparation of submissions is extended by 10 days. Drawings are to be shipped not later than February 10, 1948. The Jury of Award will meet on February 17 and 18, 1948, as prescribed in the Program.

Questions as to these requirements may be submitted to the Professional Adviser by Competitors in the manner proved in the Program, page 8. They must be received by him not later than December 1, 1947.

2. OLD ST. LOUIS, FROM AN EARLY BANK NOTE DATED MARCH 18, 1817

PART I

GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE MEMORIAL

THE PURPOSE of the Memorial is not only to commemorate the past but also, and especially, to keep alive in the present and in the future the daring and untrammelled spirit that inspired Thomas Jefferson and his aides to offer men of all nations new opportunities under democracy by consummating the Louisiana Purchase; the spirit that moved pioneers and heroes of thought and action from all the world to press westward with a constructive energy and courage scarcely equalled in history; the spirit that conceived and made possible the territorial integrity and national greatness of the United States of America.

THE HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE of the Site of Old St. Louis on the Mississippi River Front where the Memorial is to stand, and its environs, is broadly stated in the Executive Order of December 21, 1935, already referred to, by which the President allocated

emergency funds to the Park Service, under the provisions of the Act, for the acquisition of the Site and for its preliminary development. On it, or in its neighborhood, are places which

"... possess exceptional value as commemorating or illustrating the history of the United States and are a historic site within the meaning of the said act, since thereon were situate: the Spanish Colonial office where, during the administration of Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States, all the first territory comprised in the Upper Louisiana Purchase was transferred to the United States; the Government House at which, on March 9, 1804, Carlos DeHault DeLassus, the Spanish commandant in St. Louis, transferred possession of Upper Louisiana to Captain Amos Stoddard of the United States Army, who had been delegated by France as its representative, and at which, on the morning of March 10, 1804, Captain Stoddard, as the agent of the United States, took formal