March 15, 1940

Dr. Roland W. Brown, Chairman
Committee on Paleobotany
332 U. S. National Museum
Washington, D. C.

Dear Brown:

Except for several shorter papers which need not be included in
the Research Council's new report, the contribution of real importance
is my report for the Carnegie Institution Year Book just out and in-
closed. This I consider pointed and good. It indicates that I have
given much further attention to the proposed development of the
FOSSIL CYCAD NATIONAL MONUMENT.

In setting such a plan forward it is very difficult to get those
concerned to see the need for a simplified but sound development. I am
sure of myself, and I have found ever amongst college and university
people the most favorable response.

I find it a little difficult to give exactly the abstract that you
would like. You might do it better. However:

G. R. Wieland.
Cycadoid Investigations with Respect to Fossil Cycad
National Monument.
Carnegie Institution Year Book No. 38, 1938-39,
pages 330-334.

A statement of the meaning of the Cycadeoids in
evolutionary theory, with insistence on the supreme scientific
value of Fossil CYCAD NATIONAL MONUMENT as proveably including
the finest series of heavy stemmed cycadeoids found at any known
point on the globe so far. Obviously, the local development
proposed would have especially simple and direct values for col-
legiate students and the general public as well. We see a three-
fold value,--stratigraphic, chemic, (the Silicon Chemistry), and
biologic. Therefore, as urged, this project, because of these fine
values, may be regarded as both a scientific and educational eco-
nomic measure. More than ever, the cycadeoids seem anciently to
have played a greater role in seed plant evolution.

GRW:T
Dictated by Mr. Wieland
Enclosure

CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON

1530 P STREET NORTHWEST
WASHINGTON, D. C.

September 11, 1940.

Dr. G. R. Wieland
Osborn Botanical Laboratory
Yale University
New Haven, Connecticut

Dear Dr. Wieland

Your letter of September 7th has been received, but I do not know of any opportunity for further consideration of the question of increase of your retirement allowance. Dr. Bush's letter to you of June 20th seems to answer this question.

Of course if you think the Institution has not acted throughout in accordance with the expressed direction of its Trustees, you have recourse in writing to Dr. Bush again in order to make your position clear.

W. M. Gilbert
Executive Officer

G:S

Wieland:
CYCADEOID RESEARCH

YALE UNIVERSITY
OSBORN BOTANICAL LABORATORY
NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

Sept. 16, 1940

President V.Bush,
CARNEGIE INSTITUTION
of Washington.

Sir,

Latterly we have held in clear view here
the bringing out of a severely needed descriptive well illustrated
CATALOG of our AMERICAN PETERIFIED CYCADEOID SERIES. This would be
done much on the plan of the British Museum Catalogs, two of which
closely relate themselves in the paleontological setting. Except that
the aim will be to bring out a far handsomer result and form than is
seen in any of the prototypes.

While, moreover, our materials include
also a telling representation of European types covering well even
the whole history of cycadoid discovery and investigation. In fact
the collections we have gradually assembled here at Yale are not only
an imposing mass of many tons of semi-gem stone, but they more than
equal all other collections of their kind put together. And too, the
needed alignment is understood by President Seymour, who says I am
"the one to set about this task", with the completion of which he "is
in entire sympathy".

Three objectives come into view:

I. Because of the extent and bulk of material of varying feature and preservation illustrating a great group of the Mesozoic there is the immediate need to recatalog the accessions in the manner already planned to be better and more usable than is seen in museum records anywhere.

II. Due to varied preservation and occurrence with every vegetative feature illustrated when the collections are brought into view as a whole, an especial aim will be to as sharply as may be discourage needless interference with the specific and group synonymy. Else costly study little to the point, and worse, more or less confusion must ensue.

III. In no scant measure a long vista of proven fact, even an educational satatus has been reached in the course of our field and laboratory study. But the final values in view are as yet far from well set forth in the botanic and even the geologic textbooks.

You can understand that a task which had seemed to defy
scientific men for close to a hundred years must yet be to
me a great lure. I wish to see the results well set for all
time. But of course if none of my friends here or in the
Carnegie see a way to ease my expense account there will be
more lag than I like to think of in these real objectives
fairly well agreed on as they are. So it is a condition and
not a theory that faces us. Some few weeks ago I gave Mr.
Gilbert some idea of the way the facts seem to range them-
selves in the near purview. Much having been already done
toward these ends any real failure seems the lesser chance.

SINCERELY,

YALE UNIVERSITY

OSBORN BOTANICAL LABORATORY

NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT

Sept. 16, 1940.

President V. Bush,
Carnegie Institution
of Washington.

Sir,

/in view

At this writing I have well ~~believe~~
~~a greatly needed ~~descriptive well illustrated CATALOG~~
of our AMERICAN petrified cycadoid series, much on the plan of
the British Museum catalogs, two of which relate themselves in
the paleontological setting. Except that the aim will also be
to bring out a far handsomer result and form than is seen in any
of the prototypes; while moreover our materials also include~~
a telling representation of European types covering well the whole
history of the course/cycadoid investigation. In fact the ~~of~~
collections we have gradually assembled here at Yale are not only
an imposing series of many tons, but more than equal all other
collections of the kind put together. Three objectives come clearly
into view:

I. Because of the great extent and bulk of the specimens of much varying feature in a group of varied feature and importance in plant evolution as well, there is immediate need to RECATALOG the accessions in a clear manner as planned to be better and more usable than is seen in the museum records anywhere.

II. Due to varied type and locality, with marked variation in degrees of silicification, and with every stage of growth seen in varied form in first one type then another, it is the aim to sharply discourage all interference with the synonymy. Else costly study little to the point, and much confusion must ensue.

more or less bringing out the

III. The clear results reached need the form proposed to fine educational values fire seen but as yet far from well set in the botanical textbooks, or even the geologic.

Since the appearance of the Cerro Cuadrado Memoir (Carnegie Pub. 449) our methods have changed somewhat and our viewpoints have clarified. We are at a certain advantage. This is understood here and President Seymour says I am"the one to set about this task", with which he"is in entire sympathy."

You can understand that a task which long seemed to defy scientific men must yet be to me a great lure. I wish to see the results well set for all time. But of course if none of my friends see a way to ease my expense account there will be more lag than I like to think of. So it is a condition and not a theory that faces us. Some few weeks agoIgave Mr. Gilbert an idea of about the way the facts seem to range themselves in my purview. Much having been already done toward these ends any real failure seems the lesser chance.

November 30, 1940.

Dear Dr. Wieland

Your note of November 24th is helpful, but I think we
shall have to arrive at a definite figure with regard to
possible payment for such services as you may require in
connection with the Cycadoid Catalog. If the Institution
is able to make a grant for this purpose, it would be solely
to enable us to pay compensation to such an assistant. I do
not know that this can be done, but, of course, we would not
wish to take any action along these lines unless it would
have your full support and cooperation. I might as well re-
peat frankly in this connection that there is no possibility
of having the Institution supply additional funds for the
purpose of supplementing the annuity which you now receive.

Is H. L. Wieland a relative of yours? Your statement
sounds as if the young man has had good training.

G:S

March 6, 1941.

Dr. G. R. Wieland
Osborn Botanical Laboratory
Yale University
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Dr. Wieland

Dr. Bush has asked me to reply to your note of March 3rd.
Only recently we have been discussing anew the question of
possibility of aiding you in cataloguing your cycad material.
We have thought that discussion of the subject may be desir-
able, and for this reason I have been hoping to visit you in
New Haven.

It now develops that I shall have to be in New York on
Tuesday, March 18, and that I could come to New Haven on
Monday, March 17, if it will be possible for you to see me
at that time.

Under another cover, we are sending you a copy of the
Institution's latest Year Book.

Sincerely yours,

G:S

March 24, 1941.

Dear Dr. Wieland

It was a pleasure to see you recently in New Haven, to have opportunity to get better acquainted with your scientific program and to see the interesting materials with which you are working. I am sure that there is a fine opportunity, with Dr. Sinnott's friendly interest and cooperation, to help you put your cycad collection in shape so that future scholars may have full benefit of your knowledge and experience.

As a result of discussion with Dr. Bush, he has been willing to present the subject to our Executive Committee, and to recommend a small grant for the purpose of aiding you in meeting expenses of labeling the specimens appropriately and permanently and of gathering together necessary information for cataloguing the material. This would include payment of compensation to an assistant. Our Executive Committee has made a sum of $1,000 available for this purpose to be used in the discretion of the President, and Dr. Bush has asked me to advise you that he is willing to advance this sum to you at a rate of $100 per month for such time as you are able to continue effectively the work of labeling and cataloguing, with the help of an appropriate assistant. It is proposed that the work begin on April 1st.

Dr. Sinnott and I are greatly interested in aiding you in every possible way to accomplish this important task, and we are looking forward to cooperation with you as the work progresses in the hope that you will let nothing stand in the way of continuous accomplishment.

G:S

WASHINGTON, D. C.

April 16, 1941.

Dear Dr. Wieland

Thank you for letting us have a reprint of your recent
note in "Science".

I am returning herewith the notice you have received
from the Tradesmens Bank, but I am sorry that we are not in
a position to be of more immediate financial help to you.
The present arrangement is the only one which is permissible
in accordance with recent action of our Executive Committee.

Incl.

G:S

CARNEGIE INSTITUTION OF WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON, D. C.

August 4, 1941.

Dear Wieland

We have been over the matters touched upon in your note
of July 29th so many times that I am sure you must have a
reasonable understanding of the impossible nature of your
request for additional wage or salary from the Institution.

What I have tried to do in recent years, with a stubborn-
ness which almost equals your own, is to impress upon you the
desirability of setting up from time to time certain specific
projects with relation to which we might be able to offer you
financial assistance. Such things may be exemplified by aid
in publication undertakings, or, better, by just such a plan
as you and I discussed in March. This plan was set up with
the hope of aiding you to accomplish a specific project, and
after receipt of your letter to me of March 31, I had real
hope that you would sit down and get the thing done. It is
only on the basis of some such accomplishment that we can of-
fer you further financial help. It seems to me that you may
be on the way of discarding a real opportunity which you your-
self have already described as constructive.

If you will continue to go ahead with the proposal out-
lined in my letter to you of March 24th, and send me an oc-
casional report with regard to progress which you are making,
so that we may be sure that the purpose of the action is being
accomplished, it will be a pleasure to resume payments to you
in accordance with the plan which has been outlined.

Sincerely yours

G:S

CABLES: FLORA, WALTHAM, MASS.

TELEPHONE: WAL. 0600

Chronica Botanica
the International Plant Science Newsmagazine

from the editor

P. O. Box 151,
WALTHAM,
MASSACHUSETTS. U. S. A.

September 30, 1941

Dr. G. R. Wieland,
Osborn Botanical Laboratory,
Yale University,
New Haven, Conn.

Dear Doctor Wieland:

It was very kind of you to ask us to come to your place. My wife and I were much honored and pleased to have met you.

When you have some time I wonder if you would not care to prepare a short tentative outline, e.g. a list of the chapters, of the book which we are planning on your CYCADEOIDS. It is always very useful, both for the author and the editor to have an outline of this kind.

With kindest regards,

FV:MW:3251

Address all correspondence and editorial matters to Dr. Frans Verdoorn, all business correspondence, orders, remittances, etc. to the Chronica Botanica Co.

A New Series of Plant Science Books

recently published:-

Pfeiffer:- EXPERIMENTELLE CYTOLOGIE

von HANS PFEIFFER, Bremen. — New Series, Vol. 4. — It is not the old cytology with its troublesome artifices on which the author, a noted German authority, reports but the new cytology based on living material. There are twenty chapters, the subjects of which range from the structure of protoplasm, to permeability, vital staining, electro-physiology, and the experimental control of development. The author's own research gives him the background necessary for a presentation of a discussion on cytology and genetics. — Published Spring 1940: 240 pages, illustrated, $4.00.

MacDougal:- TREE GROWTH

by D. T. MACDOUGAL, Research Associate of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. — New Series, Vol. 1. — The results of physiological studies of growth of pines, spruces, firs, larches, redwoods, cypresses, oaks, ashes, willow, poplar and other trees, beginning with the contributions of R. HARTIG and H. VON MOHL, and including the extensive observations of the author during the last twenty years. Inception of growth, duration of seasonal activity of the cambium, correlation of growth in roots, trunks and buds, and relation of area of leaf-surface to volume of wood formed, receive comprehensive treatment. — Published Autumn 1938: 240 pages, illustrated, $4.00.

Darrah:- PRINCIPLES of PALEOBOTANY

by WILLIAM C. DARRAH, Research Curator of Paleobotany, Harvard University. — New Series, Vol. 3. — An integrated summary of the present status of Paleobotany. The author has attempted to evaluate the current trends in research and to discuss them in relation to the broader fields of Biology. The four great problems of Paleobotany, — the Devonian flora, the origin of seed-plants, the early evolution of angiosperms, and the origin of existing flora — are carefully reviewed in the light of our newer knowledge. A bibliography at the end of each chapter. — Published January 1939: 239 pages, 7 plates, $3.75.

to be published shortly:-

Baldwin:- FOREST TREE SEED

by H. I. BALDWIN, Research Forester, New Hampshire Forestry Dept. — Summarizes existing information on the collection and treatment of tree seeds prior to sowing, the physiology of seed, and methods of testing for germination and other qualities. Research methods, and cooperation in research are stressed. A selected bibliography and a polyglot glossary of terms will be included. — In the press, ready shortly: about 240 pages, illustrated, buckram, $4.50.

Guilliermond:- CYTOPLASM

by A. GUILLIERMOND, Professor of Botany at the Sorbonne, Paris. Authorized American translation by LENETTE ROGERS ATKINSON of Amherst, Mass. — A critical review of our present knowledge of the cytoplasm and its morphological constituents by the eminent French cytologist. Morphological, physical and chemical properties of the cytoplasm. Plastids, Chondriosomes, Vacuome, Microsomes. Other cytoplasmic formations. Cytoplasmic alterations. Vital staining. Modern conceptions in plant cytology, etc. — Ready shortly: about 250 pages, over 150 illustrations, buckram, $4.50.

Erdtman:- An INTRODUCTION to POLLEN ANALYSIS

by G. ERDTMAN, Västeras, Sweden. — An account of the principles and methods used in research on pollen, especially in pollen analysis of peat, and an outline of the more important results so far achieved. — The practical applications of pollen research to archaeology, forestry, phytogeography etc. are fully treated. Special consideration is given to the experimental aspect of the problems involved and to possible lines of approach to new fields of activity in this rapidly growing branch of science. From the contents: Pollen prep- arations / Bog investigations / Preparation of samples / Pollen production / Wind transport / Pollen and spore morphology (mosques, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms) / Pollen diagrams and their interpretation. — Ready shortly: about 240 pages, illustrated, several hundred original drawings, buckram, $5.00.

Reed:- A SHORT HISTORY of the PLANT SCIENCES

by HOWARD S. REED, Professor of Plant Physiology, Univ. of California. — The discovery of plants and their cultural uses by ancient peoples. Botany of the Greeks, Romans, Chinese, and Arabs. The renaissance of scientific botany in Europe. Botanical explorers: the effects of the discovery of the New World. Contributions of botany to agriculture and forestry. The rise of specialization: its results in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Reviews of investigations in the specialized fields of botany and related sciences. — To be published in the summer of 1941. About 240 pages. Illustrated.

Lloyd:- CARNIVOROUS PLANTS

by FRANCIS E. LLOYD, Professor of Botany Emeritus, McGill Univ. — A general and full account of the carnivorous plants of the world, of which upward of 600 species belonging to 15 genera are known among the flowering plants and several others among the fungi. The descriptions, embracing their appearances, habitats, geographical distribution, anatomy and morphology and so much of their physiology as is concerned with the carnivorous habit, are based in large part on the Author's personal study of material of all types derived by exploration and by correspondence with botanists in all parts of the world. Fully illustrated with original drawings and half-tones — some 250 figures in all. — In preparation, ready shortly.

Order direct from us, from any bookseller, or our Agents: New York: G. E. Stechert and Co., 31 East 10th Street. — S. Francisco: J. W. Stacey, Inc., Flood Building. — Toronto 2, Wm. Dawson, Ltd. — B. Aires: Acme Agency. — Rio de Janeiro: Livraria Kosmos. — London E. C. IV: Dawson and Sons, Cannon House. — Berlin N. W. 7: Friedländer und Sohn, Karlstr. 11. — Groningen: Erven P. Noordhoff. — Paris VI: Le Soudier, 174 Bvd. Germaln. — Torino: Rosenberg e Sellier. — Moscow: Mezhunarodnaja Kniga. — Tokyo: The Maruzen Co., Ltd. — Calcutta: MacMillan and Co., Ltd. — Johannesburg: Juta and Co., Ltd. — Sydney: Angus and Robertson, Ltd.

Chronica Botanica Co., Waltham, Mass., U. S. A.

WHO'S WHO
in the East

LARKIN, ROOSEVELT & LARKIN, LTD.
36 NEWBURY STREET • BOSTON, MASS.

EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT
38 NEWBURY STREET
BOSTON

23 December 1941

Dear Mr. Wieland,

I am enclosing, in revised form, a new draft of your biography as it will appear in the forthcoming edition of "Who's Who in the East." Would you be kind enough to check this carefully to make sure that any corrections you made are now in proper form. If any last-minute additions have developed, please indicate them on the margins of the page.

Even if you make no corrections or additions, please cooperate by returning your biography, to make sure that there are no errors. It has become established with us to return typewritten biographies until absolutely correct and up-to-date, owing to the difficulty and costliness of making changes after the material is set in type.

For a short period, you may, if you wish, have the discount of almost 30% by ordering the volume now at the prepublication price of $10. After publication, "Who's Who in the East" will sell in bookstores at $14. In addition to its authoritativeness and timeliness, you get a volume of inestimable value because it is accurate and complete. In physical makeup, the book is designed exquisitely, and is remarkably practical because of its durability. It will make a very desired permanent addition to your books or library. May we reserve a volume for you now?

For your convenience in returning the biography, a return envelope is enclosed.

TELEPHONE: EXECUTIVE 8100

CABLE ADDRESS: NARECO
WASHINGTON, D.C.

NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL

2101 CONSTITUTION AVENUE, WASHINGTON, D. C.

ESTABLISHED IN 1916 BY THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES UNDER ITS CONGRESSIONAL CHARTER AND ORGANIZED WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SOCIETIES OF THE UNITED STATES

March 14, 1942

Dr. G. R. Wieland
Yale University
New Haven
Connecticut

Dear Dr. Wieland:

The Committee on Paleobotany of the Division of Geology and Geography of the National Research Council is hereby inviting your cooperation in the preparation of the annual paleobotanical report. By consulting last year's issue you will be reminded of the type of material that makes up the contents of these reports, and can be guided accordingly in summing up your activities and their results. If you failed to receive last year's report of the Committee on Paleobotany, a copy will be sent to you upon request. It will be helpful to the Committee, if while formulating your report, you will follow this outline:

1. Publications issued since your last report. Give complete citations. In each instance give an abstract not exceeding 100 words in length, and specify where applicable, the geological age, formation, and geographic locality. Transmit reprints of your published paper, if available, for deposit in the Paleobotanical Library of the U. S. Geological Survey, located at Room 330, U. S. National Museum.

2. Papers completed during the year but not yet published. If paper is in press, please indicate where.

3. Studies in progress. List only studies that are actually under way.

4. New or improved technique in the handling of materials or their preparation for study.

5. Criticisms of the annual report and constructive suggestions for improvement. If we have overlooked the work of any individuals, please inform us.

6. Is your mailing address correct as given?

Please mail your report not later than April 15, 1942, to the undersigned as Vice-Chairman (pro tem.) at the Department of Geology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey.

CBR/ED:J

Committee Membership

Charles B. Read, Chairman
Erling Dorf
H. D. MacGinitie
J. M. Schopf

Very truly yours,

COMMITTEE ON PALEOBOTANY,

Erling Dorf, Vice-Chairman.

June 1, 1942

Dr. G. R. Wieland
Yale University
Osborn Botanical Laboratory
New Haven, Connecticut

Dear Wieland:

I can understand most of the points of view expressed in
your letter of May twenty-eighth, but what I can't understand is
your apparent inability to sit down and start the labeling and
cataloguing job. I am beginning to think that after all you may
not want to do it. When I visited you somewhat over a year ago,
it seemed to me that you were convinced of the desirability of doing
your best in this connection to make your materials more readily
available and understandable for the use of future students.

The plan is a very simple one. We have a small sum available
for your use in undertaking the project of labeling your specimens
and cataloguing them. This money cannot be used for any other pur-
pose, and if you do not take advantage of the opportunity, the money
will have to be assigned to some other project having no relation to
your work. All you need to do is to pitch in and send me a monthly
report as to your progress, on the basis of which we could send you a
monthly remittance. You need the money, and those who follow in your
footsteps need the information which you alone can provide. How
about it?

I don't see any way to include publication of any further reports
by you in our *Year Book*, unless such reports have relation to the
labeling and cataloguing job mentioned above. If you have some state-
ment for publication, why don't you send it to *Science*? Possibly we
could help you in paying for such reprints as you would need.

July 8, 1942.

Dear Dr. Wieland

I realize that in writing your letters of June 17th and
July 6th you were trying to face realities. The difficulty,
however, is that I have to face realities also.

There is not the ghost of a chance that our Trustees
would vote you money to meet your debts or to pay you an hon-
orarium on the past account.

On the other hand, in my letter to you of June first I
tried to set forth as clearly and simply as possible a method
of procedure which would enable us to make use of funds which
have already been set aside in your interest. These funds can
only be used for the specified purpose, and in my humble
judgment I think you are willfully denying yourself the benefit
of such payments if you do not accede to the simple requirements
stated. I am sure that you and I can work out an acceptable
plan of operation in this connection and that we do not need to
call upon others to help us. Won't you have another look at the
proposal from this point of view?

Sincerely yours,

G:8