T. S. Eliot, Yale 1947 Hon., 1888-1965

Autograph letter signed to Ezra Pound
2 February [1915]

This is one of the earliest letters exchanged
with Pound, preserved in the Pound Archive.
The "Lady" referred to is Eliot's poem "Por-
trait of a Lady," which Pound succeeded in
having published in Kreymborg's magazine *Others*
in September of this year.

Anonymous gift

*The Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library*

2

culture which are better and honester places than its universities; because they have a work to do which they can take seriously; and that the function of the university is not to turn out Culcher and Civic Pageants. At present, you see, I am more alarmed at the Americanisation than at the Prussianisation of our universities. The Germans have at least a few facts, and we have only words; they have Archaeologie and we have How to Appreciate the Hundred Best Paintings, the Maiden Aunt and the Social Worker. Something might be said (at another time) about the Evil Influence of Virginity on American Civilisation.

It might be pointed out that literature has rights of its own which extend beyond Uplift and Recreation. Of course it is imprudent to sneer at the monopolisation of literature by women.

The Degradation of Woman in American Society.

Pardon these ravings: I am suffering from the effects of a debauch and have done nothing but play tennis today, so I am not in a state to talkintel ligently. I am likely to be coming up to town for the day on Friday or Saturday next, and should like to see you. Would be in about tea time perhaps? Or would you be at Lewis's on Saturday?

31 * 10 * 17

My dear Ezra,

I return the enclosed card or memo. Would you oblige with
further particulars? WHO is Lynch? Irish? WHAT female talent, be-
sides Weaver?

MR Pallister's communication shall be used. I had overlooked
the Anglo-French Society, Ltd., you read the papers more thoroughly than I
do. Burnham is a Jew merchant, named Lawson (sc. Levi-sohn?)

Upward answers on Club paper and asks me for the one day when
I said I could not come. Businesslike?

I have been invited by female VANDERVELDE to contribute to a
reading of POETS: big wigs, OSWALD and EDITH Shitwell, Graves (query, George?)
Nichols, and OTHERS. Shall I oblige them with our old friend COLUMBO? or Bolo,
since famous?

One day Columbo went below
To see the ship's physician:
"It's this way, doc" he said said he
I just cant stop a-pissin"...

or

King Bolo's big black kukquheen
Was fresh as ocean breezes.
She burst aboard Columbo's ship
With a cry of gentle Jesus.

After all, you say nothing about the Dear old Men, so I suppose you want
to get Out of it.

Yrs ever

["at 31 West Street, Marlow, Bucks.", "3 July 1920.", "Dear EP,", "I have not yet received the Benda of which you speak. I recall\nhis name as a colleague of Peguy. Is that the same man? I will try to do\nit as soon as possible but shall be rushed for the next three or four weeks\ntrying to finish polishing the essays for my book. You appear to have made\na pretty clean sweep of Paris, on which I congratulate you. With all this\nstuff and the best English it ought to be possible to extend the circulation\nof the Dial even into England. I certainly cannot think of any other English\nwriter worth having. I am afraid there won't be so much in this country. I\nam sending Scofield two articles I have just done on criticism, which I hope he\nwill use soon if at all as I must use them for the book.", "I expect to be here x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x_x

3

ary group, and there was the Cottle group in Bristol, consisting of Coleridge, Southey and Wordsworth. The Scotch group was antiquarian, and collected Border Ballads; it continued, with greater accuracy, the mediaevalism of Walpole and Mrs Radcliffe. The Holland House group, gathered about Lord Holland and Charles Fox, was urban; it managed to combine the tradition of Pope with the mediaeval, the Werther melancholic, and the Near East romantic; it was also neo-classic, and its Laureate, Rogers, imitated the Parthenon frieze around his staircase. It probably provided the best conversation. The Bristol group is defined in its interests by the preface to the "Lyrical Ballads"; it read Rousseau, was excited by the French Revolution, admired Schiller and Goethe, Herder, Burger and Klopstock. Through Southey, it was also in contact with Taylor of Norwich (mentioned in "Lavengro"); the great populariser of German literature.

These three groups comprise nearly everything that occurred up to about 1815. In none of them is there enough to mark a revolution from the later 18th century; neither the earlier Scott nor the earlier Byron (who may be associated loosely with the Holland House group); and the only figure of continuing influence is Coleridge, Wordsworth. After 1815 a new group, London, middle-class, but reaching toward Italy, appears around Leigh Hunt. There and Severn, for the first time were musicians; also painters, though no better than Haydon; there were Hazlitt, Lamb, Shelley, Keats, Cowden Clarke, even Peacock. They inhabited Hampstead and Highgate; they admired the Elgin marbles; they listened at the Portuguese Chapel to Mozart and the Gregorian chants. They were the first to part company, to publish their divorce, from the 18th century; and they did it less by their avowed rejection of Pope than by their genuine if uncritical admiration for the Elizabethans. Keats, for instance, may appear to us and in contrast to the Elizabethans, sentimental; but the sentimentality of "Isabella" or "St. Agnes" is not a pure descendent from the 18th century.

Savoy Hotel, La Turbie A.M. 11 Dec.

Questo è il primo amico -

It doesn't matter a ton's part whether your village is Syracuse
Agriacentum or Buffalo, the point is it isn't in France, my passport expired
with a sigh on the 7th instant, I had to go to Nice which is a hell of a
journey down the mountain in a broken-down motor bus originally a U.S.A.
army lorry it isn't got no springs & you should see the tests bouncin'
up & down when we take the hairpin curves on the Corniche with me
Fernand singin' and shoutin' & flirtin' with the girls in the seat behind
him. Then when you get to Nice you gotta find the American consulat
which is a long walk and they keep the door locked. After waiting 1/2
hour there I was told they would have to apply to Paris & it would take
10 days. I had to get a photo so I went to a photographe and I was
as he wasn't startin' to take me his damn electric light bulb, and while he
was tinkrin' with it I nearly lost my bus back, and had to run my balls
off across the Place Massena because you have to be there 1/2 hour ahead
to get a seat, and it takes 1 1/2 hrs to get back here because it is up
hill and the bus breaks down and the lamps go out when he takes a corner
and me with a baby with a bad cold and a bottle of wine with me cork in
it in my llad lap, and a parcel of medicaments which I had bought for
chilblains awful on my feet & so has the rest of the local population of
this commune, and for constipation because of the cold and for neuralgia
and insomnia and Eno's Fruit Salt on principle, but I am much better here
is my photo to prove it. Well, then when I do get my passport which may
be sooner because I forgot to tell you I hear from London my new one from
Wash has arrived so I have wired to them to send it to Nice consul. and

2/2

Nice consul. are to wire me when it arrives. Well then I get to hire my
mule 48 hrs ahead to take my luggage down the mountain from Monsieur
Grinda NEGOCIANT EN TRANSPORTS wbh means mules. So I will wire you
when I can get away & I hope I don't have to cross Genoa but can leave same
station. Don't worry about calorifere, people who been living on ten of
a mountain can keep warm in a refrigerator. Yours truly

T

# THE NEW CRITERION
A QUARTERLY REVIEW

Telephone: MUSEUM 9543 (three lines).

Telegrams: FABGWY, WESTCENT, LONDON.

24 RUSSELL SQUARE,

LONDON, W.C. 1.

15th December 1926.

Cher E.,

For God's sake don't start another review unless you are likely to get at least £250 a year out of it and not a great deal of work. All reviews are worse than useless and my only excuse is that I derive the larger part of my income from this source.

Having thus relieved myself and given a piece of advice which you certainly will not take (by the way, I understand that D.H.Lawrence is going to start an independent review and I had the impression that Hueffer was also going to start an independent review) I am perfectly amiable and wish you godspeed. I don't imagine that your review is likely to do the "Criterion" the slightest harm and I see no necessity for any trade conventions. I do not want to take advantage of your kind suggestion that I might wish to reserve any authors for my personal use. If you want to make your review a paying concern I hope you will have the sense not to take the sort of thing I publish in the "Criterion"; if on the other hand you simply want to make it the ideal review I feel quite confident that you wouldn't accept the sort of stuff I publish at any price. So go ahead.

As soon as you have time, you might write me a letter giving the main facts regarding D., the child and yourself as given in your previous letter and even in slightly more detail. Your previous letter, with its mysterious allusions to the other letter which I certainly shall not introduce into my home, is, you will understand, useless from this point of view. A prompt reply would be appreciated.

I hope and trust that your physical health and spiritual energy are unabated and improved. Farewell.

P.S. I forgot to mention that Wyndham Lewis has started

FABER and GWYER Ltd.
PUBLISHERS

TELEPHONE: MUSEUM 9543.

TELEGRAMS: FABGWY, WESTCENT, LONDON.

24, RUSSELL SQUARE,

LONDON, W.C.1.

30th September 1927.

Ezra Pound, Esqr.,
Via Marsala 12 int. 5.,
Rapallo, Italy.

Cher E.,

Your last epistles received and more or less digested.
Everything seems O.K., nevertheless I should be glad if you
would let me know when you get a reply from Small Maynard's
receivers.

Your editorial suggestions are accepted. At the moment our
people are making an estimate of costs and the question of
publication will come up definitively in a few days, as soon as
we have some figures of the cost of production will also depend
upon these. I think, however, I could get ten guineas for Dazzi
(anyway I am absolutely certain of five and I think we would make
it ten) and I feel almost sure that we would give you a sum down
in advance of royalties. I will write to you immediately the
final decision is made.

Have just received from Liveright your Collected Poems.
Seems a good job.

TSE/IPF

should be very glad to know if you have had any reply.

Yours,

P.S.

When you have a new lot of cantos or any other unpublished
stuff ready for publication, why don't you try these Bruce
Rogers people? They seem to pay higher prices than anybody
and their books are in great demand. I believe they have an
agent here whom I could tackle.

Cherr Ezra Episc. I am glad to have one letter from you that I
nedd not esquive but can answer directkly, glad yr last arrived in
time as have been able to add now footnote to say that the Propertuis
which I think improper to British pubblic to see and which as I
have observed is obbtainablle from Faber & Gwyer in a vollume called
Quia Pauper Amavi but of course we prefer you should not see this
book but if you ask for it we cannot refuse it etc. Another
Footnote says that one Benda (anglice Bender) has done a book on
Propertius which is less Sound, & that Mr. Pound has the responsibi-
ly of having introjuced this jew politician to the anglosaxon pub
lic. I happened to read ProPerse which its publishers sent to
us to consider Eng. translation: can testimony that it is usual
french dung on clasical sibjects.

1927

TELEPHONE: MUSEUM 9543.

24, RUSSELL SQUARE,

LONDON, W.C.1.

8th December 1927.

Dear Ezra,

Having been abroad on business I was delayed in
answering your letter. I have put up the matter of the
facsimile. The present situation is this. We should
hear in a day or two from the American people I spoke of
and we have already communicated to Liveright that he shall
have the next chance at it if the offer falls through.
The great difficulty at present is merely one of time. We
have unfortunately two sets of heavy and very expensive
books to bring out in 1928 and the cost of the Guido, even
with only one facsimile page of the MS., is estimated at
£400. They simply can't lock up so much money at once
and they could not guarantee publication of the book until
some time in 1929. Of course if the other books went very
well we should certainly produce it sooner as it is to our
interest to bring it out as quickly as possible. But there
you are. So if you want to bring it out sooner and care

G.C. Faber, Chairman C.W. Stewart R.H.I. de la Mare F.V. Morley & Morley Kennerley (u.s.a.) T.S. Eliot W.J. Crawley

FABER AND FABER LTD PUBLISHERS

FABBAF, WESTCENT, LONDON
MUSEUM 9543 (4lines)

24 Russell Square London WC1

I think the thing at the moment is to push the poetry and hold back the prose. There is some first rate stuff in these cantos, and I am anxiously print them. The delay is all the more annoying, because, once one gets a manuscript, it now takes a devil of a time to get it printed - disturbances in the printing trade - we have lots of books long overdue as it is.

For Omar, my impression of American education in general is that the smaller colleges, some of them, are better places for an education than some of the bigger. I was very well impressed fourteen years ago by the University of Virginia, which is only a short journey from Washington. It is not only beautiful (designed by Thomas Jefferson, its founder, which would please Ez) but it was rather backward - that is to say, not being progressive, it still nourished the classics and preserved the remains of real education.

G. C. Faber, Chairman C.W. Stewart R.H.I. de la Mare F.V. Morley & Morley Kennerley (u.s.a.) T.S. Eliot W.J. Crawley

24 Russell Square London WC1

5 October 1946.

Dear Dorothy,

I got your letter of September 18: meanwhile I have had from Laughlin an explanation of the delay in providing cantos. He is now somewhere in Europe, I understand, apparently not coming to England. I haven't heard of the Douglas pamphlet, but can ask Mairet whether he has seen it. But do try to persuade Ezra (or rather, guide him gently) into laying off Mosley, who is of no use for any purpose: I don't believe he ever thought of any intelligent idea himself, anyway. Anyway, I can't do anything about Ezra's economic ideas, because I am no economist. Shaw is of no use either, for different reasons. It would really be much better, in the circumstances, if Ezra could cease to fret himself so much about world affairs and stick to poetry. It is the cantos that are going to help, not anything else; and doing what nobody can contest his mastery in might lower the blood pressure and excitability.

I had a talk with Moore who made it clear that the money was all free so far as England was concerned, but I am relieved to hear from you that it is now all right at your end. Send me more news whenever you have time.

Affectionately,

The only thing that matters at present is to get him out of that place, first to a proper sanatorium, finally to some retired spot in America (we can't depend upon his ever getting a passport to live outside the country). I shall be anxious until he leaves Washington.

ELIot 0720

84 PRESCOTT STREET
CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS

14 May 1947.

Dear Dorothy,

I shall be arriving in Washington probably on
Wednesday the 21st, and staying until Sunday evening
the 25th. During the first part of the time I shall
be the guest of David Finley, the Director of the
National Art Gallery. I have not yet got his address
from him, but you can probably find out easily. Any-
way, I shall try to ring you, if your house is on the
telephone, as soon as I arrive. But if you can find
out where he lives, please drop me a line there with
your telephone number. In order to pay expenses of
the journey, I am giving a reading at the National
Gallery on the 23d, some time in the afternoon.

I expect to spend Saturday night with William R.
Castle, 2200 S Street.

I want to see you before going out to see Ezra.
And I hope Omar is with you.

I should have written sooner, but that my brother
(whose illness was the cause of my coming over) died
on the 5th; so that all my correspondence is in arrears.

Affectionately,

David E.FinLey,
Nat.Art Gall. Tel. RE-4215.

Res: 3318.0 Street.N.W.

Tel: MI.1093.

Mi-Carême: 954.

Dear Ez,

I received your letter of the 8 Marzo, and I wish that the body of your letters was as easy to translate into English as the date, but with my meagre knowledge of other languages than cockney I have trouble. I finally decided that the Harvard Press must have asked me to Preface your Odes, but neither I nor my very reliable secretary can recollect any approach by that University Press on this point. It may be so: nevertheless I have always been struck by the impenetrable barrier between me and these Odes. You have never vouchsafed any information about them, nor have I ever seen a shred of the text. However, I see them announced by Harvard, & have written to enquire as to what they are doing and what if any provision they are making for publication or circulation in England.

Maybe there's a St. Louisan who has never mentioned Benton or for that matter Fremont or Pierre Chouteau in your presence (not that a body has much chance to mention anything) but what about a man from Idaho who left me all these years to find out for myself that there had been a man named Isaac of Nineveh.

Rest of your letter unintelligible.

Question of whether Harvard etc. apart, I don't think that a preface from me to Odes would be worth the paper. Best for me to stick to things I am supposed to (not that I do, but that I am supposed to) know something about. If a preface at all, should be by somebody who knows the stuff. All I could say is, that Ez has made some nice poetry whether it's a translation or not, and that's not I imagine what you want.

Your

T.S.E.

Weakened by yr/ lousy religion. you are not
doing yr/ part in reviving classic studies.

It was reported to me ( I await yr/ version, and suspend jedgmint)
that you a year or so ago made some remark detrimental to my
sense of reality.

I shd/ now advise yr/ perusal of Philostratus
Life of Apollonius of TYana / esp, the final books. Whence it
appears that Nero was just as low a louse as H F.D.R.
and Ike ' some of whose gestes are recorded by Alfalfa Bill
Murray ) is not half the man that Domitian was.

the above fer YOUR sense of proportion.

God damn it, you braghe molle, leave
me to do all the work.

Of course the classics shd/ never have gone OUT of the schools.
That job may hv/ been putt up on us / BUT you are being too
damn casual in the drive to get 'em back.

T.S.E.

Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice Chairman
Morley Kennerley (USA), T.S. Eliot, W.J. Crawley, P.F. du Sautoy

FABER AND FABER LIMITED
PUBLISHERS

24 Russell Square London W.C.1.

Fabbaf Westcent London

Museum 9543

13 August 1954.

Dear Ezra,

In reply to your undated letter, if you will let me know the exact wording of the remark I am said to have made "detrimental to your sense of reality" I will let you know whether I said it. It would also be helpful, and an assistance to my memory, if you could let me know the name of the person to whom I am said to have said it.

You are, on the other hand, free to continue to express the same low opinions of my intelligence and character that you have in the past. But I do not see why I should continue to accept from you insults to my nationality or to my religion. The latter includes the Jewish religion. I return herewith your letter so that you may form your own opinion of its offensiveness.

Yours

Cher Monsieur

CONgratulate me on strategy that has AT last jolted

an answer out of you ( use of purrlight language having signally
failed, during last biennium, to attain any such result. )

As to insulting yr/ intelligence, it is precicely because I supposed
you to have some that I have continued to bombard you.

I find NO ref/ to nationality, yours or Alfalfa Bill's, in returned
epistle.

Yrs/ has ¤ cleared up at least one point. Jesus struggled
with a few others ( no, not Christus , Pardo , the writer in"Indice"
a Mardillian publication ) He signs ¤edus Pardo.

Any sentence uttered in general terms wd/ need elucidation, thus
no matter what form you had used, the basic question of
REALITY wd/ be far more to the point--

in fact it wd/ be
necessary to get at yr/ concept of same before forming
conjecture at what yr/ actual or reputed estimate of
my lack of sense of same wd/ imply.

Certain specific FACTS of history , wd/ presumably enter the
picture,
and the relativity wd/ depend of which of those ¤/
facts you prefer to eHHH exclude from yr/ concept.
if any

believe me with prolonged
interest and esteem

yrs anonymous.

10

Eduard
E.C.Q.
II

X en your
X without

Ezra Pome Esgl

St. Elizabeth's Hospital
Washington, D.C.
U.S.A.

WAVELINE
WAVELINE
WAVELINE
WAVELINE

Cher Monsieur

As to insulting yr/ intelligence, it is precisely because I supposed
you to have some that I have continued to bombard you.

Yrs/ has a cleared up at least one point. Jesus struggled
with a few others ( no, not Christus, Pardo, the writer in "Index"
a Mardillian publication ) He signs 'eus Pardo.

in fact it wd/ be
necessary to get at yr/ concept of same before forming
conjecture at what yr/ actu ) or )reputed estimate of
my lack of sense of same wd/ imply.

Certain specific FACTS of history , wd/ presumably enter the
picture, and the relativity wd/ depend of which of those if
facts you prefer to eHHH exclude from yr/ concept.

if any

yrs anonymous.

Geoffrey Faber, Chairman Richard de la Mare Morley Kennerley (u.s.a.) T. S. Eliot W. J. Crawley P. F. du Sautoy

FABBAF, WESTCENT, LONDON
MUSEUM 9543 (4 lines)

24 Russell Square London WC1

4th November, 1954.

Mrs. Ezra Pound,
c/o Hewlett,
3514 Brothers Place, S.E.,
Washington 20, D.C.
U. S. A.

Dear Mrs. Pound,

Mr. Eliot wrote to you on 28th July, and is rather worried because he has had no reply. In case the letter went astray, I give it again below:

Dear Dorothy,

I have recently had a letter from Julian Cornell enclosing a copy of a letter which he had written to the Chief of the Criminal Division of the Department of Justice asking to be allowed to see the transcripts of Ezra's wartime broadcasts. I am writing to explain that Cornell took this step without consulting me and that he has in mind the desirability of publication, together with the record of the jury trial in February 1946.

I just wanted to let you know that I, myself, am extremely doubtful about the desirability of publishing the record of the trial. As for the broadcasts themselves, I cannot express any opinion without seeing them. I am writing now to make my position clear to you and to ask whether Cornell's procedure meets with your approval.

RECEIVED

11 MAY 1955

From Messrs Faber and Faber

MR. ELIOT'S

With/ Compliments

Mr. Eliot thought you might like
to forward this article to Mrs.
Pound.

Telephone : Museum 9543

Geoffrey Faber, Chairman Richard de la Mare Morley Kennerley (U.S.A.) T. S. Eliot W. J. Crawley P. F. du Sautoy Alan Pringle

24 Russell Square London WC1

18th April, 1956.

Mrs. Ezra Pound,
3514 Brothers Place,
Washington S.E., D.C.,
U. S. A.

Dear Mrs. Pound,

Mr. Eliot will be coming to Washington for a few days next month, and would like to see Mr. Pound on the afternoon of Friday, May 11th or Saturday, May 12th. Will you kindly write to Mr. Eliot, care of W. R. Castle Esqr, at 2200 S. Street, N.W., Washington 8 (marking the envelope "to wait arrival") and let him know which afternoon would be most convenient for him to call at St. Elizabeth's Hospital?

second day after Ascension
farragosto 56

To the Em/Th/S.E

It can't ( not to quibble, but as you report you ain't feelin' pindlin') It CAN'T be work, that is it can't have any incidence or in any way alter the desired PLENUM ( to poach on yr/ terminology)

UNless it takes count of the cosmos which NOW contains Ramsay's NEHH Nameless War, and old Dom's Ad/ to Cabin Boy, And possibly Goullart AND the notes on Beria pubd/ by Truth Inc. NEHHBH p.o. bx 10188, Fort Worth 14. Tex. (@ 1 buck) $

whatever alliance with the muse occurs fecundatively at this date can't be in a bloody hortus inc. in unconsciousness of 3000 years history and bitched heritage.

even old Aggie Xty " TheyCame to Bagdad" ( several years ago, but just reached me.) is gettin' off the stolen necklace etc. and nibbling at as much reality as she has heard of/

the rest is false pastoral

Mere stylistic exercise not enuf / man got to go at it with all his resources ( inc his bk/ acc)

The life of the mind did not stop when the lousy frogs descended after 1920 into their present mess.

Fer 15 years the Revue de la Pensee Francaise has been printed in Jew York, with jewelry ads/ on back page/ gold compacts from $450 to $ 1180.

( copy recd/ last week, labled vol 15) nacherly not a pense in the hole of it.

My plates are hitched to eleven, you still got 3 ( I spose that's why I learned to eat with 'em @ greater velocity ) nacherly the practitioner said the eleven wdn't stay there ferever.

Ramsay didn't have time to look into Thiers / one never knows ENOUGH soon enuf /. Chatel whose gd/parents still cling to a chateau sez/ the frogs couldn't BEAR to think of the commune, and still shuddered, like angloindians still shocked at mention of the black hole of KalCutty. ( 1908)

BUT those two facts are or were NEWS to us yanks in our generation.**

AND the crime des clercs as in not keeping the facts in the minds of at least an EELLight.

just like they let Blackstone and Benton go down the drain. and Del Mar etc.

Doug/ seeing something, but also discovering the moon now and again.

**I mean we never wd/ have thought of 'em/ AND the printed tradition in fact ANY tradition of some had got miscalc

11 August 1956.

Dear Ezra,

Such a kind enquiry about my health, and free from
abusive remarks about any of my colleagues, deserves a
prompt note of thanks. At present the paroxysmal tachy-
cardia is not troubling me much, and indeed I propose to
take a much needed holiday. Minor ailments there are, but
only such as suited to my age and dignity, e.g. athlete's
foot and involuted toenail. My 3 teeth are also holding
well up to date,......

rest of your letter as usual incomprehensible. Dont
know who Sheri is, or Guillemot. Mary has not communicated
with me, but I occasionally get some small volume, usually
something by E.P. done into Italian, from Scheiwiller. He
did a good job with those Chinese cantos - very neat indeed.
Faber & Faber do publish art books, but I don't know whether
you would call it art. I know John (Grey) Murray, but I
dont think of any reason why Yeats sailed to Byzantium ex-
cept that he liked the sound of the word. And I didn't
know that Wyndham had sailed there, he never told me about
it. Maybe I shall be able to get some work done in the
next six months, after I get back from rusticating; but
there again I dont know whether you would call it work,
even after I've done it.
"eanwhile I saute you.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman. Morley Kennerley (u.s.a.), T.S.Eliot, W.J.Crawley, P. F. du Sautoy, Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

24 Russell Square London WC1

30th October, 1956.

Ezra Pound Esqr,
St. Elizabeth's Hospital,
Washington 20, D.C.,

U. S. A.

Dear Ez.,

The British Institute of Recorded Sound - an institution of which I approve - aims to make a collection of the most important gramophone records. A member of the Committee recently visited Jack Sweeney and heard a record you made. The British Institute of Recorded Sound would like to know whether it would be possible to have a copy made for their archives. I hope you can implement this request to which I give my personal backing.

Yours,

re/ Dear T.S.E. re/ Recorded Sound. 5 Nov. '56

I don't see why I should make all the concessions. My objection to the fad of recordings is that they distract from the meaning of the text. Those who want to go into Wagnerian swoons are free to do so, but if my eleven years of incarceration is to count for anything it should count as protest against the evasiveness and pusillanimity of what Carruth calls "intellectuals".

Until you or some one will object to the blackout of history, to the suppression of news, to the evasion of a great number of basic issue,

to the exclusion of several topics from all publications in England save a few indigent papers, involuntarily clandestine, I must ask for at least some concession, before I continually concede from mistaken amiability.

As to the historic blackout, the degradation of curricula, you can take example from neglect of Blackstone, the failure of British press to notice Horton's publications (vide enclosed list).

In my own case, it has been nearly impossible to get specific correction of particular lies and colourings issued by the enemies of clear thinking.

It may be that the British Institute for Recorded Sound is not the most suitable organization to receive this protest, but it is the first one that has approached me (even though it be indirectly) and I would therefore be glad to receive from them some indication that you have transmitted this comment to them along with the four enclosures. (2 bulletins, and two notices of Horton's publications.)

obt. svt.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman. Morley Kennerley (U.S.A.), T.S.Eliot, W.J.Crawley, P. F. du Sautoy, Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

24 Russell Square London WC1

12th November, 1956.

U. S. A.

Dear Ezra,

I wrote to you a little while ago on behalf of the British Institute for Recorded Sound. That was in connection with a gramophone record which you had already made. Now Geoffrey Bridson tells me that he is going over to America some time this winter and wants to make a tape recording of you reading some of your poetry, for the B.B.C. I am strongly in favour of this proposal also - in fact, the one recording might do for both purposes, if, as I believe is possible, the tape recording can be re-recorded on a long-play disc.

21 June 1957.

Dear Ezra,

Yours of the 15th instant. Don't be such a damn fool.
To judge from Niebuhr's replies, your anonymous correspondent,
whose anonymity does not prejudice me in his favour, is also
a damn fool.

I should say that Niebuhr's reply was very sensible.

But even though you are such a silly ass, I'm surprised
that it has taken you so long to see through S andburgh.

With affectionate good wishes

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FABBAF, WESTCENT, LONDON
MUSEum 9543 (4 lines)

24 Russell Square London WC1

7th November, 1957.

Ezra Pound Esq
St. Elizabeth's Hospital
Washington, D.C.
U. S. A.

Dear Ezra,

I have been laid up until recently with Asian 'flu and hence I am in arrears with correspondence. It's extremely difficult to make out what sort of anthology you are composing and therefore difficult to make any suggestions. I don't know what the young will take, or whether they will take it in this way at all. I would get on better if I could see an outline of your book. Are you doing this for James Laughlin? If so I can correspond with him on the matter.

Glad to know that you have seen Stead and that you hit it off with Merchant.

Not worthwhile commenting on your comments on Niebuhr. I remember for many years past that you are accustomed to speaking certainly of people of whom you know nothing.

If you want any Kipling in your anthology I think I can make the right suggestions!

CONTinuing/ 13 Nov.

TSE

never having twiggled what you and ole Wm YeATS confubberated about
I dunno what parts of which of yu either took as seeREEyus in tother.

WBY oncementioned a new scared book of the arts. Thoreau usually branc
as a punk Rousseauist had a few lucids re/ superior mythology.

the proBubbulum of a anthology is to see if the occident, buggared by
perversion of history, ethos, and most everything else HAS an
anthology that will stand up against Kungs/

which your LOUSY alma mater sabotages, impeding further study by preve
confrontation of sound, early signs AND a rough translation by
yr/ long suffering etc. old quadruped.

The limits of the first section / roughly the First book
approx'd of the Odes
songs of the states/ simpler PAIdeuma /
and for the moment available in
English.

As to comprehension / Grandma Hoff sends a version of Luther's
'est Burg inferior to my memory of 'rexy Styykers / which the
pusillanimity of my pusillanimous alma mama has not supplied me, tho
there ought to be ssome insect on the kAMPUS capable of reaching
one of the hymnals of them yeard,
unless they have been Unescod and only
chant on H Yom KiPPur.

as is u i understand the custom in Boston
since the Spew Deal pulluliferated in them parts.

there wer two nominations for Dover Bitch . but on examination
of where it stopped, at least one was withdrawn.

the buzzard Lind has made a serious Kollection of trans/ from latin/
omitting the best cause he sez it is available , i.e. the Golding
/ and proddin roun to see IF moderns can approach etc.

Yr pal Merchant has looked in Herb. of Cherb,

Sheri is high on Kip's prose , but verse does NOT seem to bear very
scrutatious scrutiny. Two encs/ one relevant/ one not quite so/
save that I knew D.Lawrence's partner in Paris, and with no indication
of race, creed or soc, insecurity derived the idea that he was born
of a long line of mongrel she dogs. It is merely that when a
naval hero diverts Mr Kasper from Agassiz and Kung fu Tseu

the usual processof the " press" sets in. "ave yu in yr/ criticisms
ever tackled the REQUIRED inaccuracy of the press/ quite
irrespective of which side it lies on ?

Glad yu have ONE serious acquaintance / of course YOU dont tell me
there is one. I have to wait fer him to GIT here.

As to what the YOUNG( female in case under eggzam) will take. The
actual eggsperience in clarrs enlightens. Re 'eats Crazy Jane ,
the prof/essa get 17 year old to effect that prostitution is necessary/
which may run counter to my delicacy in suggesting certain erotica,
which may run counter to my delicacy in suggesting certain

BRUNNENBURG
TIBROLO (MERANO)
ITALIA

29 Sep 58

Dear Psm/

Am wondering if in yr/ perigrinations and possible meetings with literary buzzards

OF reputation, you have found ANY present trace of velleity toward life of the MIND ?

ANY resistance to the black-out of history or desire to get the real histories back into print ??

ANY tendency to concentrate on necessary ideas. H n.b.

RIGHT of a ny man to have his ideas discussed ONE at a time, not smeared with package words by editorial filter and decay of univ. curricula ???

///

masses of novelists' and dramatitists subject matter going to waste per es/

real tragedy of kind hearted bloke like Archie having owed
is " H RISE " to the dunghill and gradually becoming aware
of the filth of his aider

TORN between loyalty to a shit and desire toward candour ?

a nize Xmas.

yrz

ever yrs/ and whope yu and Valerie have

Ever come on any trace of a fellow named Saunderson who, like yrself found the betrayal of Michaelovitch a bit unpalatable ?

15 'ec 56. Libero . S.Gaspare del Bufalo Romano

e la sua Missione vel Sangue di

Christo

The Rev. Elephant

will doubtless be glad to know that bro. H
Bufalo(s HEH exploits have been duly recorded and that
the record is available.

vide enc.

Being allergic to the late Remy's remarks
on the essence of religion, I dare

say you will not redily apply his
view to Mr Rose's depiction.

MARY says you ought to know all about
mountain goats, cause she told you.

Best to 'alerie whom I consider wholly
extraneous to the problem AT this
moment.

Several of yr/ late visitors report
relief that, that this that or the tother.

Mr Gray, ineffable, relieved that you
shd have recd. news from me.

Any clue to relationship, that is a Rome by any other thorn, or
horn or whatso, wd/ be just as/

the Rose who is WyndaMNing our late illustrious colleague.

Not sure whether the present Xmas greeting, i.e. the style of,
isn't an explicit answer to a suggestion, or semi-interrogative
remark make to you @ yr. last welcome and distinguished
appearance at Wash/D.C. Eghsz.

ever remaining etc. obt. (more or less)

AND damnitall a 'I'OTous Xmas, and felicitous
next year to the spirt ov yu.

ALBERGO GRANDE ITALIA & LIDO

DIRETTAMENTE AL MARE
RISTORANTE ALL'APERTO TUTTO L'ANNO
SPIAGGIA PROPRIA - GARAGE

RAPALLO

TEL. CENTR. 54.92 - 50.30 - 50.14

5 June 59

Revered and esurient (ef thaz how yu spelliT) Possum

Does the Hibbert Journal still eggzist ? nif so
who'z Hib ?

Ole Jarge left me his copy of Guzzo " Dialoghi di Bruno " ,
but I can't be bothered to write about it unless there is
a place to print.

I mean its got a lot of G.S's pencil notes ,
some rather lively.

Attitude of the fkg floundations, Fordt ,
Wukkerfeller, Fullblight , to say nowt of Bum Barret of Bubblegum
toward my actual writings, so like that of the hooshuns to Pasty
az might snuggest telogic affinity.

Might do a few serious characters startin with Bruno,
possibly Vondel , I spose he is the other best trans of
Traxiniai, now wowing the Berliners, some of them bizanters,
or mebbe the chronology of which of 'em was it , Psellos or
oneuVum. Guicciardini note bk/ printed in limited edn wop.
also worth translation. Am suggesting D.P. have a shot at it.

BUT one wants an outlet. Am sending Cn/ a paragraph on what an
academy shd/ be or go hide its head and asre in vergogna.

Also desideria for a tax system. meeting of riveria hotel men
said I was damn well right, but town councilor sez the gummymint
is wuss'r that of braZil ( whence he has ' nostos'd.

trust you are keepin yr/ missus
in wot I hear from Brid is her usual serene an tolerant
Anschauung.

yrz

Fz

as fer not knowing about yr dirty talmudic pal R.Niebuhr ,
wot I have learned since is enuf to rouse even yr/ curiosity.

JheeZussz, aint yu got ANY serious friens save Monty Belgium ?

Fer yr/ lighter moments the Soc. Bude have pubd/ a good bk/ on
Gem Plethon

ALOS - OC.03 - SE.2.1990 LST

OGL A ALIATI EOPAAR OOPAARAA

FROM JO EINEMATTERG
ONNOLL ETUT OTRASQUA IN NAMORAGA
EOPAAR - SLASE DIQUAQUA

5 Juhe 59

OJJAAKR

TSE

Just come on remarkably close bit of crit. Fredk Manning on Gourmont,
in Little Rev. Gourmont number. Don't know that I even noticed the quality at the time.

After 40 years in cf/ catshit now current, wonder if anyone knows of other criticism by F.M.

perfectly safe subject for some pusilanimous sycophant of Weinberg to work on.

Dont know what has been left. I mean who knows his name. Now that Haford and Cumberbridge have removed latin in place of Lenin etc.

Patrizia H / H apparently cant grasp idea of depicting Kensington from 1900 - 1920.

I dont know that she cd/ be TOLD in language more comprehensible than that at my command.

Also if serious circles, a book on honest prose in eng/ from 1890 to 1920. Ole Galton, Fred M/ Tubby Street.

honest, but wd/ presumably be included in the perview of any of those who would tacke such a subject.

Father Disraeli perhaps ? yr/ acquaint in the dim limboic areas being larger than mine.

Cant ressurrect 'em singly.

also some of the shorter incidental stuff in Little review very sober in contract to the publicity of the post J.J. sloperei.

The sobriety of the Little Review.

the Hutch/ fem/ did a good chapter on Egoist. ?? by accident ..

or is she diverted by taste of Slime and Slide, Which Meynell is it at the hweel ?

Lawrence of virchocous father wirtchuous son

"it Ed. ??

Got any data on Wm Haley (? bart), not the comet guy ?

Marcella sorry to have to omit you from endeavour to produce a yanthol/ to set against Confucio's selections of chinkery. But Jas / is against piracy.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman
Morley Kennerley (USA), T. S. Eliot, W. J. Crawley, P. F. du Sautoy,
Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

24 Russell Square London W.C.I
Fabbaf Westcent London Museum 9543

2nd July, 1959.

Ezra Pound, Esq.,
Hotel Italia,
Rapallo,
Italy.

Dear Ez,

Your undated letter beginning with a reference apparently
to Marianne Moore which appears to refer to facts outside of my
knowledge.

I should think Sewanee's Review was probably as possible
a vehicle for publication as any I know; that or one of the
other highbrow quarterlies published in America under the aus-
pices of the Rockefeller Foundation etc. is probably better
able to take it than anything here. Of the only two periodi-
cals in this country Encounter would be more likely than The
London Magazine. I imagine that something with Santayana's
annotations should have a better market in America than here,
and as for the actual volume I'll make inquiries about second-
hand booksellers, but Santayana's memory is probably more
highly venerated in American than here.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman
Morley Kennerley (usa). T.S. Eliot, W.J.Crawley, P.F. du Sautoy,
Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

24 Russell Square London W.C.1
Fabbaf Westcent London Museum 9543

TSE/AM

6th August, 1959.

Dear Ezra,

Bompiani want to publish my COLLECTED POEMS and suggest
the following names:

Carlo Izzo,
Aldo Camerino
Roberto Sanesi

I think Izzo is a friend of yours; I have never heard of
the other two. Would you recommend any of them for this
purpose?

Distinguished greetings from Valerie and myself,

ALBERGO GRANDE ITALIA & LIDO

DIRETTAMENTE AL MARE
RISTORANTE ALL'APERTO TUTTO L'ANNO
SPIAGGIA PROPRIA • GARAGE

RAPALLO

31 Ag 59

TEL. CENTR. 54-92 - 50-30 - 50-14

P/m

That BLASTED Rose, by any other name, wants to print
2 letters to WynDAMN

, and I sez : NO. also to Froanna.

Continual effort to stir trouble/ and no one . not even TSE wd/
grasp that in correspondence with W.L.

I wuz as from first instance
usually telling him that he did NOT git the full dinamismo
of the marsupial.

This the second time( once for 15 minutes) in 2 months have been
able to write a whole page.

sit up and

alzo got to files for 19EHH 1933.

Favourable light on yr kerraKter and intelligence gleams
from same.

I fergit if YOUR letters, touching reality have
been pubd/

edited ?

As to komplikations re/ including correspondents in the I HOPE
Stock ( Noel Stock ) proposed vol/ of EZpositions

writers wd/ consent

to make it useful.

I think t/W/ enough

fer your permission

to use yrn.

which aint asking you

whose religion you

include in yrs ???
And wot you sez about them semites

That wd/ have to be deleted.

they have got sensitive.

Fyn Spender sez it is a nuissance not to be
able to discuss eth/eth/ whichwhat.

and no yu cant joke about

coons.

But Booker T.Washington ( named he sd/ as joke on him by
his fambly) did enliven S.Liz. breakfast , by sayin : Ah mus
get bak that SCHOOLBOYE comPelxshun .

Owen(P. Brompton Rd) flirting with
Stock / MH/ Possibility of vol/ of letters

between F.P. and a dozen of his best correspondents.

not like getting permission from a indefinite all of 'em.

Hem's letters are worth more

Hem's letters are worth more
than most letters because of the length of the ad.

from Hem's pubrs. Cant recall seeing ad/ of Letters of the Marsupial.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman
Morley Kennerley (USA), T.S. Eliot, W.J.Crawley, P.F. du Sautoy,
Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

1st September, 1959.

Dear Ezra,

Yours of the 16th leaves my original enquiry as
unanswered as ever. If you have got available papers, hang
on to them. The world has been asking, however, about letters
presumably written to you by Yeats, Joyce and possibly Lewis.

I can't remember the Guggenheim Foundation ever giving a Fellowship to anyone I backed. I have an impression that the Bollingen Foundation is more humane, but can't remember whether my backing was asked for Edwin Muir or not.

Yours,
C.P.

Ezra Pound, Esq.,
Hotel Italia,
Rapallo.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare. Vice-Chairman
Morley Kennerley (usa). T.S. Eliot, W.J. Crawley, P.F. du Sautoy,
Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

3rd September, 1959.

Dear Ez,

Your communication of the 31st August to hand. Rose has
not suggested printing any of my letters to Wyndham, and I am
surprised that he should have asked you for anything except
letters from Wyndham to yourself. Your references to the con-
tents of your correspondence with Wyndham remain obscure to me.
Also your reference to yourself. When you say that you have
only been able to sit up twice and write a whole page in two
months, does it mean that you have been ill?

I am glad to hear that your files for 1933 shed a favourable,
if not very powerful, light on my character and intelligence. That
is gratifying but also mysterious.

I don't understand your reference to myself and Semites. In
any case, nobody is going to publish letters from myself to anybody
during my lifetime if I can help it. Letter about WASTE LAND inclu-
ded in your collected correspondence is an exception for obvious
reasons.

Yours,

Ezra Pound Esq.,
Hotel Italia,
Rapallo.

15 Sept 59

16

ALBERGO GRANDE ITALIA & LIDO

RAPALLO

Sitting in my ruins, and heaven comes down like a net
and all my past follies.

BUT the quality of yr/ EPistolary style as from Cambridge, "ass.
in '33 wd/ revie even yr/ benevolence toward yrself if to nowt
else.

not as I am urging you to PRINT it.

"DAL VOSTRO BALCONE PESCATE NEL MEDITERRANEO,"

AVVERTENZA
IMPORTANTISSIMA

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I telegrammi in arrivo con l'indicazione: TF...... (n. abbonato) se urgentissimi od urgenti vengono subito telefonati all'abbonato e recapitati come ordinari per fattorino.

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PC = Telegr. con avviso telegrafico di ricevimento.

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RP. x = Telegramma con risposta pagata. x rappresenta l'ammontare della tassa pagata in lire italiane, o franchi oro.

XP = Telegramma con tassa di espresso pagata dal mittente.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman
Morley Kennerley (usa), T.S. Eliot, W. J. Crawley, P. F. du Sautoy,
Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

9th December, 1959.

Ezra Pound, Esq.,
Brunnenburg,
Tirolo (Merano),
Italy.

Dear Mr. Pound,

I am writing to thank you for your letter of the 2nd December to me and also for your letter of the 4th December to Miss Martin. With regard to THRONES our Production Department have asked me to let you know that the offset plates have been made, but that they will print a cancel.

With best wishes,

Secretary to Mr. T.S. Eliot.

Sir Geoffrey Faber, Chairman. Richard de la Mare, Vice-Chairman
Morley Kennerley (usa). T.S. Eliot, W. I. Crawley, P. F. du Sautoy,
Alan Pringle, David Bland, Charles Monteith

29 January 1960.

Dear Ez,

I have yours of the 22 and 30 Dec. to acknowledge, and now
one of the 16 Jan. I have only written once since our return: Dec 1
to mid-March bad months for me, as they bring on emphysema, and I
devote most of my energy just to breathing. It seems that I have
to get out of Europe, and tomorrow we leave for six weeks in Mo-
rocco (back on March 14th).

I was delighted to hear that you and your Euripideans had a
great success in Munich. Suppose you met Graf Podewils and Prof.
Wolfgang Clemen.

I am taking THRONES to study. Im rather in the background
at Fabers nowadays, only go there three days a week, and havent
been at all in emphysema weather.

Still cant understand why you have been so depressed about
your work, or your life - trust you will get the right balance
soon. Hell, there's so much in my life I cant bear to think
about for long at a time. Still think Waste Land and three
last quartets worth while. A lot of very silly stuff in my prose.

I write to the last address you give, but you dont say how
long you expect to be there. But Roma and miscellaneous intel-
lectual society sounds good.

Affectuous greetings.

Valerie has always been pleased by what you have said about and
to her.

24 August 1960.

Dear Ez,

I have your letter of the 17th. I should have written
you long ere now. Went to Marrakech for February under the im-
pression that it would be good for my emphysema. Agadir earth-
quake produced very dry heat and dust, result bronchial asthma
eventually two weeks treatment in bed and we are now in Yorkshire
for month of August. Considerable improvement and many arrears.

I am writing this to Brunnenberg as that is where your letter
appears to come from. Secretary forwarded it from London but did
not include envelope.

Your idea of a critical commentary of young poets (many of them
well over 50 years of age) is certainly interesting, and I hope
you will get on with it. On the face of it, I doubt if it would
be suitable for Fabers to publish a book mostly about Faber poets,
but if so I think some other publisher might snap at it. I think
you would have to include a few non-Faber poets in any case:
people would want to know what you thought of Bill Empson and
Dylan Thomas among others. But at this stage I suggest shooting a
few in my direction and we'll discuss it further.

Yes, I received Scheiwiller's miniature Rimbaud. Of course
we can't cope with little tiny books that size. Any verse trans-
lation by Ezra ought to be good value, and I don't care whether
it is Rimbaud or what, but there would have to be a lot more of
it than that.

I'll have a copy of this letter sent to you care of Drum-
mond in Rome, just in case you are there. Meanwhile, cheer up

Copy of Mr. Eliot's letter which he wrote from Yorkshire.

24 August 1960.

Dear Ez,

I have your letter of the 19th. I should have written
you long ere now. Went to Marrakech for February under the im-
pression that it would be good for my emphysema. I had a earth-
quake produced very dry heat and dust, result bronchial asthma
eventually two weeks treatment in bed and we are now in Yorkshire
for month of August. Considerable improvement and many arrears.

FABER AND FABER LIMITED

54 Russell Street, London W1R 2JG

BIRMINGHAM

PUBLISHED BY
Piedmont Press, Birmingham, West Midlands, B4 1JZ

in one place, but there it is.

Some day I want to meet you in Italy. Valerie would love to meet you and I should like you to meet her. The only happy years of my life, since I was a small boy, have been due to marrying her.

Our forwarding address, until the middle of March when we return home, is c/o Robert Giroux, of Farrar, Syraus & Cudahy, 19 Union Square West, New York 3, (Farrar, Straus & Cudahy are my American publishers for any new work).

My affectionate regards to Dorothy and Mary.

Yours with love

EDITORIALS

401

worker and engage
er appears in the
and government
any of them. Few
ended in all these
of authority in the
surprising there-
als, fancies and ill
de their conduct.
promoted by some
appellation "health
the whole practice
to make it a func-
tion of so-called health
will be an agent,
ent exactly as a
ployee. If he will
ent laid down for
board, he may have
actors from which
tain, however, only
board is satisfied
icer or board may
ernment officer or
it and subject to
sonal privilege left
and himself against
dice, made by dis-
a chance he will
the physician, like
the government ser-
e solely in private
such a venture,
are the chances
takes to pursue his
the panel practi-
to starve either in
employee entitled
insurance scheme
private doctor, the
eme, goes right on
for the government
ant.
insurance law proposed
association for Social
ity in name. The
the scheme are not
to the losses in
d impose a special
ployee within cer-
te tax being based
on the medical and
s to which the indi-
who is young, strong,
from risk is to be
ptions, at the same
in jobs that are

hazardous to health. The tax on the wages of an
unmarried employee is to be at the same rate as the
tax on the wages of a married employee with an invalid
wife and many children, although in the former case
the risk is single and in the latter case it is multiple.
Moreover, the price of the so-called health insurance—
or, in insurance parlance, the premium—is not to be
taxed wholly against the beneficiaries of the scheme;
much of it is to be collected as a special excise tax from
employers, who are entitled to neither cash nor medical
benefits. Employers will, of course, pass on to the
public the tax they will have to pay. Then the public
will be taxed further to support the scheme, for a part
of the cost of the insurance premiums is to be paid
directly from the public treasury. To style such a sys-
tem insurance is a misnomer. It approaches more
closely a system of doles than a system of insurance,
for the larger part of the premium is not paid by the
beneficiary. It is to be paid as a gratuity, in part by
his employer and in part by the general public.

Mr. Epstein's bill assumes the mental and moral
capacity of the American wage earner of today. It
is the apotheosis of paternalism. If the American
workman, given an adequate wage or adequate cash
benefits in time of sickness, cannot be trusted to pro-
vide himself and his family with adequate medical
service, he must be a different American from those
who brought our nation to its present high place among
civilized peoples. The Epstein bill assumes that the
American worker, despite his education and training,
cannot be trusted to look after himself and his family
and that the government must seize a part of his wages
or retain a part of the benefits to which he would other-
wise be entitled and with this take care of him.

In this proposal the doctor is to be just a pawn in
the hands of circumstances. The opportunities afforded
to him under the Epstein bill to help shape proposed
policies are negligible. From the point of view of the
patient, the doctor and the public health the Epstein
bill is inherently vicious, un-American and antisocial.
It would vitably defeat the very purposes it hopes
to accomplish.

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF MODERNISM
IN LITERATURE

The American visit of Miss Gertrude Stein has
caused a new focusing of interest in the peculiar aber-
rations of the intellect exposed by the modern literati
in some of their extraordinary performances. In an
editorial entitled "Palilalia and Gertrude Stein," THE
JOURNAL¹ pointed out that Miss Stein had probably
been giving demonstrations of automatic writing carried
on through a dissociation of personality. In a recent
address, Prof. W. Langdon Brown² of the University
of Cambridge ventures some additional suggestions as

1. Palilalia and Gertrude Stein, editorial, J. A. M. A. **103**: 1711 (Dec. 1) 1934.

2. Brown, W. L.: We Have Reason to Think, Brit. M. J. **1**: 1 (Jan. 5) 1935.

PRESERVATION PHOTOCOPY: ORIGINAL MATERIAL RESTRICTED

402

CURRENT COMMENT

to the responsibility for modernism or even "da-da-ism" in the recent output of many modern writers. He conceives, for example, that the writings of D. H. Lawrence begin with an angry reaction against the intellect and end up in literary movements which produce what is called baby talk. He asserts, moreover, that such writing communicates little to any one who does not possess the key. The inspiration wells up from the unconsciousness or at least the subconsciousness. These, however, are not intellectual processes, because the highest level of the brain selects the sensory impressions to which it will pay attention, and reason must arrange and select the messages from the emotional levels. An artist by judicial and intellectual arrangement of his material may be able to convey the thrill of his emotions. These modernists or futurists, however, endeavor to make us absorb the crude material that arises from their accomplishments without any such artistic treatment. As memories arise they create new memories and new associations, which are in most instances quite individual to the person who experiences them. Artists who include all these extraordinary manifestations of their memories do not supply us with the key, so that for many readers they speak a quite foreign language.

As an example of the type of writing which he criticizes, Dr. Brown offers the following from a poem by T. S. Eliot:

> If it was to be a prize a surprise
> if it was to be a surprise to realise,
> if it was to be if it were to be, was it to be.
> What was it to be. It was to be what it was.
> And it was. So it was. As it was. As it is.
> As it as it is. It is and as it is and as it is.
> And so and so as it was.
> Keep it in sight alright.

Mr. Eliot has said that in poetry meaning only plays the part of the lump of meat in the turned up end of the dog-stealer's trousers and is merely necessary to focus the reader's attention until the poem grips him. Professor Brown's only comment on this poem is "Milton, thou shouldst be living at this hour. England hath need of thee."

The tendency to link words together by sound rather than by meaning is essentially infantile. One expects babies to rhyme in this manner. One expects the insane to utter every thought that comes into their minds without worrying about continuity or sustained interest. Such writing, however, belongs in the textbooks of psychiatry rather than in essentially artistic productions of the type intended by James Joyce in "Ulysses." Man developed reason and intellect in order that he might think and express himself reasonably and intellectually. The great phrases in literature that have lived and survived the passage of time are of this character. Who, one hundred years hence, will quote Eliot or Gertrude Stein as today we quote the writings of Shakespeare, Tennyson and the Bible?

Cu

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