Melson V. Rockefeller

Sincerely yours,

With best regards.

to the work of the Atlantic Council, as it does to my own pronouncements.
a staple and beautiful international order. It must give new impetus
recognizing the responsibilities of American leadership in constructing
extremely encouraging to see that the American buppie is increasingly
My staff has examined the findings very carefully. It is
Associates.

"Discussion" of the fascinating roll taken by Elmo Robey and
Thank you for your letter of November 13th, including the

Dear Mr. Schmidt:

Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania
Mellon Square
T. Mellon and Sons
Mr. A.W. Schmidt

DRAFT

December 3, 1963

TO: THE GOVERNOR

FROM: Henry A. Kissinger

SUBJECT: Digest of Elmo Roper's public opinion "Study of Attitudes Concerning Closer Ties Among Democratic Nations"

The following points are the most significant of the findings:

1. Compared with ten years ago the American people are significantly more optimistic that another world war can be avoided (53% to 35%); (ten years ago 53% thought that war was almost certain, now only 32% feel that way). This optimism increases with the degree of education of the respondent but decreases with his age. NOTE: 49% of all Republicans thought that the United States was doing the best we can to prevent another big war (69% of the Democrats thought so).

2. Isolationism is unpopular. Only 17% suggested that a "Fortress America" policy made sense. The concept was most popular with the older and less educated respondents. Geographically it received more support from the South than other sections of the country, while the Northeast, Midwest and Far West followed in that order. There was no noticeable variance between Democrat and Republican answers.

Compared to ten years ago the proposal of withdrawing from alliances received even less support. Ten years ago only 9% responded favorably, now only 6%. On the question: Could we remain a strong country if we had no alliances?, 56% answered no (70% of the college graduates answered no). Similarly 69% (86% of the college graduates) disagreed with the statement that the more we have to do with other countries the more we will lower the American standard of living.

NOTE: The Middle West not only does not live up to its isolationist stereotype but is less isolationist than the country as a whole.

3. Given a choice between Western Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America, most people clearly thought that our relations with Western Europe were most important to us. There were no significant variances in the answer regardless of age, education, geography or politics. (Negroes tended to think Africa was equally important.) South America was a reasonably close second, with Africa and Asia very low on the list. NOTE: Of those who considered South America most important, only 6% thought so because of trade reasons -- most considered the area important because it was a neighbor.

- 2 -

To the reverse question most people answered that Africa was of least importance to us (the Negroes were the only notable exception). Those people in the Far West obviously were more concerned with Asian relations than were people on the East Coast. Those who thought Africa most unimportant stressed its backwardness (only 1% noted strong communist leanings). On the other hand, 20% of those who thought Asian relations should not be stressed referred to communism as too powerful there. Of those who deprecated South American relations, 11% argued that Communism was too powerful there.

4. 66% said we ought to create stronger or maintain strong ties with Western Europe (32% said we ought to form closer ties, 34% argued for maintaining present ties). This answer was constant regardless of politics, geography and the degree of urbanization. The desire to form closer ties with Western Europe increased with the economic and education levels of the respondent, and decreased with his age. Of those who argued that we should pull back from Europe, 54% suggested that we have given the Europeans too much for too long and they ought to stand on their own feet.

5. When the respondents were questioned on the modes of closer relations with Western Europe, they responded heavily in favor of expanded student exchange programs and quite strongly in favor of requiring a second language in the schools and *improving methods of consultation on foreign policy*. On the latter point, the feeling was particularly strong on the West Coast, but did not vary in accordance with age, education or political persuasion.

There was moderately strong support for tariff reductions, the establishment of an *advisory Congress*, and the creation of a common court for disputes between the countries. It is worth noting that the younger generation was the most reluctant to see an immediate reduction in tariffs and that the Northeast seemed to be the most protectionist.

There was relatively little support for proposals to unify the armed forces, to establish a *legislative Congress* to make laws on matters of mutual concern, or to combine the nations into a single political unit. However, on the latter proposal 8% did say that it should be done now, 15% said that it should be done in the future. 32% had no opinion, 6% did not answer and 39% expressed the feeling that it should never be done (of this latter figure, the strongest opposition came from the *younger generation*).

6. Most people thought that the Africans would prove to be unreliable allies. Twice as many people thought that the Asians would prove unreliable rather than reliable allies. And more people thought that the Latin Americans would be unreliable allies than thought they would prove reliable.

On Western Europe, 65% thought that they would prove reliable allies, and only 6% thought they would prove unreliable. When asked who

- 3 -

was our most reliable ally, Britain was named first, West Germany was a close second and France a poor third. The younger generation was the most trustful of Germany, while the older generation was the least trustful of both France and Germany.

When asked to name the least reliable European ally, 54% did not answer or said they did not know. 22% answered France, 14% answered Italy, 12% answered Spain and only 4% answered Germany. There was no significant variance to the answer based on education or age. In fact there was a remarkable consistency to the view that France was our least reliable ally.

7. In a question designed to discover whether the words "national sovereignty" were emotionally charged, the results proved conclusively that they were. The findings suggested that proposals should be concrete and avoid the terminology of "giving up national sovereignty." Rather the results suggest that one should talk of "merging sovereignty" or better yet not talk about the concept of sovereignty at all.

8. Asked which individuals or groups were doing the most to keep the peace, more people responded with the United Nations than anything else, but fewer than in 1953. (18% to 22%) (Only 2% answered NATO) Among those who wanted to strengthen the United Nations, which was a generally popular policy, the younger generations were more enthusiastic. The South was clearly less enthusiastic about the U.N. than other parts of the country. (No correlation in respect to political persuasion was given on this question.)

9. In response to the question of who or what was making the greatest contribution to keeping the peace the only single entity which received a significant vote in addition to the U.N. was the Peace Corps, which received 12% as compared with 18% for the U.N. The Administration received 7% and nothing else received more than 2%, except for the general categories of the United States and religion.

10. When the respondents were asked whether they thought Russia or China was the greater threat nearly half said that they represented equal threats. The other votes represented an interesting sectional difference. In the Northeast, Midwest and Far West roughly 30% said that China was the greater threat and 20% said that Russia was the greater threat. In the South, however, these figures were reversed.

This Digest was prepared by Douglas L. Bailey and approved by Henry A. Kissinger.

encourages and helps the rebels to carry out their plan to
push Yemen into the communist abyss and to tie it to the
communist cart.

The recognition of the rebels by the United States was
the first shock. We accepted this blow on the assumption
that Abdul Nasser would fulfill his promise to the United
States to withdraw all his troops from the Yemen in return
for the American recognition. But Abdul Nasser was able to
deceive the United States, to secure its recognition of the
rebels and to continue his war against Yemen, while the United
States remained silent.

While the Egyptian aggression and the Soviet intervention
continued, the assistance of the United States kept pouring
to Abdul Nasser who used it for his war against Yemen.

The United States intervened once again. It offered
its good offices for the settlement of the Yemeni problem.
This was the "Bunker Disengagement Agreement" between the
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Egypt, under which foreign inter-
vention in the affairs of Yemen was to stop and the Egyptian
troops were to be withdrawn within two months.

The two months expired and Nasser did not honor his
pledges. (1)

The United States intervened for the third time and had
the agreement extended for two more months. These two months
will soon expire. (2) Nasser still has not fulfilled his promises
but he continues to bomb the people of Yemen with MIG and Ilushin
warplanes, manned by Russian pilots. Rockets and poison gas
are still used to impose his domination over Yemen.

Presently, Soviet activities are increasing in Sanaa,
Hodeidah and Taiz.

In addition to the many Russians in Yemen there are Chinese
and the Czechoslovaks.

(1) On September 4, 1963

(2) On November 4, 1963. The letter was written
on October 30, 1963.

A russian air base is being built north of Sanaa.

We fear that Yemen will become a new Cuba in the Middle East, which the Soviet Union will be able to use as a base to spread its influence and communism in the Arab and African World.

It is our sincere hope that the friendly American people would know that the millions of their dollars are being paid to Abdul Nasser and that he is using their dollars for his war against Yemen to achieve the aim of dominating Yemen and subjecting it to the Soviet influence.

We ask Your Excellency to continue in your efforts to stop this assistance and to press upon Nasser to withdraw his troops from Yemen so that the people of Yemen can determine their own destiny for themselves and to select the form of Government that they want free from the Egyptian and Russian air-bombs and tanks.

Your efforts will render a great service to the Free World if your efforts help save Yemen from the claws of the red Communism.

Ameer Al Mominin
Al Mansoor Billah
The King of Yemen.

DRAFT

Dear Bishop Pike:

Thank you for your nice letter of November 26th.

I share your deep concern for the welfare of the Kurdish
people. However, it does not seem appropriate for me at this
time to join in a public appeal.

I would like to tell you how very much I appreciate your
concern for the welfare and dignity of human beings everywhere.

DRAFT

Dear Bishop Bike:

Sincerely yours,

Nelson V. Rocketteller

concern for the welfare and quality of human beings everywhere.

I would like to tell you how very much I appreciate your time to join in a public appeal.

people. However, it does not seem appropriate for me at this time to share your deep concern for the welfare of the Kurdish Thank you for your nice letter of November 26th.

C

November 26, 1963

TO: HAK
FROM: DLB
RE: Draft reply to request for NAR support for petition to Iraqui Government pro-
testing treatment of the Kurdish minority.

Thank you for your letter of November 6th.

While I share your deep concern for the welfare of the Kurdish people,
I do not feel that it would be appropriate for an announced presidential
candidate to participate in a public appeal from private citizens to the
government of another country.

At a time when the hatred in men's souls has brought such great
tragedy upon our own country, your concern for the welfare of human lives
everywhere is heartwarming and re-assuring.

December 9, 1963

MEMORANDUM

TO: THE GOVERNOR

FROM: Henry A. Kissinger

SUBJECT: Your note on the Adenauer letter

I do not think you should write to the people you saw
in Europe. I fear that such a letter might be misinterpreted
and could be used against you with the argument that you are
trying to conduct your own foreign policy.

You might, however, consider sending some of your
statements on foreign policy abroad. We should make this judg-
ment from case to case.

ment from case to case.

statements on foreign policy abroad. We should make this judgment
You might, however, consider sending some of your
trying to conduct your own foreign policy.

and could be need against you with the argument that you are
in Europe. I fear that such a letter might be misinterpreted
I do not think you should write to the people you saw

FROM: Henry V. Klaasen

TO: THE GOVERNOR

MEMORANDUM

December 9, 1963

0-12-03-6M (51-1-621)

cc: Dr. Henry V. Klaasen

Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania
Mellon Square
T. Mellon and Sons
Mr. A. W. Schmidt

by Elmo Rober and Associates.
including the "Discussion" of the fascinating ball taken
Thank you for your letter of November thirteenth,

Dear Mr. Schmidt:

December 13, 1963

COPY

ALBANY
EXECUTIVE CHAMBER
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
STATE OF NEW YORK

DRAFT

Dr. Manuel Urrutia
Apartment 1-P
135-30 82nd Drive
Kew Gardens, L.I., New York

Dear Dr. Urrutia:

Thank you for your letter of December 29th.

The member of my staff with whom you might talk is Mr. Berent Friele, who is well-acquainted with Latin American affairs.

You may contact Mr. Friele at Room 5600, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York. (Telephone: Circle 7-3700)

Mefou V. l'loctefler.

Blicerety lome.

Wifh easily good air.

I pube ne can atay in close contact.

I aer much enriched om conversation of some wome agin, aw
to jet him jave. I awaile read it with the greatest of interest.
Henry has been sending me the materiat you were good enough
ta aer much abscripted.

Thank you for your nice letter of December 31st after

Dear Edward:

Iraenmore, California
Post Office Box 808
Dr. Edward Teffer.

DRAFT

January 10, 1964

TO: HAK

FROM: DLB

RE: Draft reply to Urrutia's request to see someone on NAR's staff, as NAR had earlier suggested.

I would suggest Urrutia see Reubhausen, who may be more confident of the Governor's positions on Latin America and more politically astute than anyone else.

Suggested draft reply:

Thank you for your letter of December 29th, which outlined
your interesting proposal for a "Radio America Libre."

May I suggest that you get in touch with Mr. Oscar Reubhausen
of my staff, whom I have asked to see you. Mr. Reubhausen is inti-
mately familiar with Latin American affairs and my views on most subjects
in the area. I am sure that you will find a meeting with him mutually
rewarding.

You may contact Mr. Reubhausen at the New York law firm of
Debevoise, Plimpton (Telephone: ).

Note: Obviously Reubhausen should be notified of this before the letter goes out and should be supplied with the background correspondence.

January 24, 1964

MEMORANDUM

TO: THE GOVERNOR

FROM: Henry A. Kissinger

SUBJECT: Telegram from the Council for Hellenic Affairs Urging U.S. Adoption of Policy Advocating Majority Rule in Cyprus.

I do not think you should get yourself involved in the Greek-
Turkish problem in Cyprus.

I think the best solution would be if the following letter
were sent over the signature of somebody else (perhaps Bill Ronan):

Governor Rockefeller has read with great
interest your telegram of January 14th. He appreciates
your bringing these thoughts to his attention.

Jom, pringing these trances to his attention.

Interest Jom, telegram of Jemuel T. Jr. He attributes

Governor Wockeleffer has read with great

were sent over the atlength of somepoqh else (barnsbe Bill Roman):

I think the best action would be it the following letter.

Thurley properties in Chrome.

I go not think you should get yourself involved in the Chrome-

Adoption of Policy Advocating Majority Wire in Chrome.
SUBJECT: Telegram from the Connell for Heffernan Attorney General U.S.

FROM: Henry V. Krautner.

TO: THE GOVERNOR

MEMORANDUM

Jemuel 5th, 1964

January 17, 1964

TO: HAK

FROM: DLB

RE: Draft Response to Greek ~~ciii~~ Group's wire to NAR urging US adopt policy of advocating majority rule on Cyprus.

1. I doubt if NAR should gratuitously get himself involved in this ~~issue.~~

2. Draft reply to Council for Hellenci Affairs:

Thank you for your telegram of January 14th.

All peoples, the world over, earnestly pray for the restoration of peace and the success of democracy in Cyprus.

February 2, 1964

TO: HAK
From: DLB
Re: Draft reply to Leinbach

While Leinbach's idea is obviously a good one, and the need for more available
sources of information is great, this is clearly a commercial venture which the
Governor should not get involved in.

DRAFT REPLY:

Thank you for your letter of January 22nd, with an enclosed report
on "Information and Latin America."

You and LINK, Inc., are undertaking a very big and important job,
I appreciate your thoughtfulness in informing me of your venture.

MEMO

TO: HAK
FROM: DLB
SUBJECT: Draft Reply to Ambassador Ahmed's letter to NAR

My dear Mr. Ambassador:

Thank you for your letter of January 20th with which you
sent President Ayub Khan's interesting article on the Pakistan-
American Alliance. I have read it with great interest.

Your kindness is very much appreciated.

MEMO

TO: HAK
FROM: NAR
SUBJECT: Draft reply to Mrs. Osborn's letter of 1/18/64 to NAR

Dear Mrs. Osborn:

Thank you for your letter of January 18th, which included your proposal for a constitutional convention of the NATO countries to deal with the Panama crisis.

I agree with you entirely that the success of the West in meeting the Communist challenge depends in part upon our willingness and ability to meet internal discord in the West with policies of joint consultation and understanding.

DRAFT

Mr. Howland H. Sargeant
Radio Liberty Committee
30 East 42nd Street
New York 17, New York

Dear Howland;

Thank you for your letter of January 27th.

I appreciate being kept informed of the work of
the Radio Liberty Committee. As you know I deeply
believe in the freedom and right of self-determination.
I want you to know that I deeply believe in the importance
of what you are doing.

My best wishes for your continued success in this
vital endeavor.

February 4, 1964

MEMORANDUM

TO: HAK

FROM: DLB

RE: Reply to Howland Sergeant re Radio Liberty Committee

MEMO

TO: HAK
FROM: DLB
SUBJECT: Draft reply to Mr. Watkins' letter to NAR

Dear Mr. Watkins:

Thank you for your letter of January 21st together with the
copy of your daughter's letter to Senator Scott. Your daughter's
comments have been very helpful to me, as I am sure they have
been to Senator Scott and Governor Scranton.

You may have noticed in the newspapers that I have publicly
stated frequently that I thought it was unfortunate that no replace-
ment for Ambassador Farland has been sent to Panama. His work in that
country was exceptional and his resignation was a great loss.

0-3-63-1021 (1B1-944)

Massachusetts
Harvard University, Divinity Avenue, Cambridge 38,

cc: Dr. Henry A. Klaariker, Center for International Affairs,

New York, New York
400 West 34th Street
Dr. Savas Savoyannis

/s/ Isabelle K. Savoff

Sincerely,

harmony to the Island of Cyprus and its troubled peoples.
most sincere best wishes for the return of peace and

The Governor has asked me to forward to you his

of the Federal Government,
probes could be properly undertaken only by officials
most thoughtful consideration, without the measures you
received in the Governor's Office and has been given the
Your telegram of January twenty-eight has been

Dear Dr. Savoyannis:

February 19, 1964

DRAFT

The wire should be acknowledged by someone on the Governor's staff.

Your telegram of January 28th has been received in the
Governor's Office and has been given the most thoughtful con-
sideration, although the measures you propose could be properly
undertaken only by officials of the federal government.

The Governor has asked me to forward to you his most
sincere best wishes for the return of peace and harmony to the
island of Cyprus and its troubled peoples.

Sincerely yours,

February 4, 1964

MEMORANDUM

TO: HAK

FROM: DLB

RE: Reply to wire from the Organized Hellenes in the City of New York

1. The wire should be acknowledged by someone on the Governor's staff.

Draft reply:

Sincerely yours,