In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa., June 3rd, 1896.

Dr. W. N. Heilman, Dept. of Ind. Schools,
Washington, D. C.

Sir:

By your letter of May 1st I was informed that my assignee
a paper on The Bating System at Lawrence had been placed for
evening, July 15th. By your printed programme I see that I am
on Tuesday evening, the 14th. Please inform me which assignee
am to go by.

Dicketted (F)

NOT TO BE PUBLISHED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF
THE YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY, NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT.

VOL. 31

2

BLURRED TEXT

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF THE PRINTING-SENT.
CARTER, Pa., June 3rd, 1936.

Peter Harnais,
C/o Jonathan Gilliam,
Woodhorne, Pa.

Dear Peter :

I have your second letter in regard to going home this summer. I note all you say, but must ask you to let the matter rest until near the end of June. I quite think Captain Pratt will be at home by that time, and at the decision in your case was made by him in the first place, he is the right one to change it if there is to be a change. If you read the Indian Helper you will learn of his movements and the time at which he is likely to be at the School again. So make yourself contented until that time without any definite answer.

Your friend,

dictated (P)

VOL. 31

3

BLURRED TEXT

DEPARTMENT OF THE INDIAN
INDIAN SCHOOL AT BROOKLYN

Carlisle, Pa., June 2nd, 1896.

Jefferson Powles,
c/o Mr. Beldershot,
Dolington,
Dunk. Co., Pa.

Dear friend :

I have received your letter of June 1st in which you make some com-
plaints in regard to your place. I have talked the matter over with
Miss May, as she knows these places much better than I do; and she
says that Mr. Beldershot has been one of our patrons for many years,
and that things have generally gone on very well. She says also that
you appeared to be contented in the past, and that what you speak of
now is something new. She thinks perhaps Watson Woodcock may have
made you a little discontented with your place. Of course we want
you to be comfortable, and while students have a right to expect
some time, it is not all the time. Try it a while longer, and if
there is no change, you can write me again in about two weeks.

Your friend,

Asst. Supt. in charge.

Disturbed (P)

VOL. 31

4

BLURRED TEXT

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Carlisle, Pa., June 5th, 1896.

P. Wonderly & Co.,

Mechanicsburg, Pa.

Gentlemen :-

Replying to you of the 4th inst. in regard to Roof paint
I have to say that some years ago we tried various roof paints, and
finally decided there was nothing that suited better than pure lin-
seed oil, American red and ochre. All our roofs are now so painted,
and we are well satisfied with the result.

Dictated (D)

VOL. 31

5

BLURRED TEXT

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR.
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Military Manf. Supply Co.,
217 Arch St.,
Phila., Pa.

Gentlemen :-

Replying to your inquiry of June 3rd by letter addressed to Capt. Pratt, I have to say that the uniform work of the school is done in our own workshop with the exception of once in a while a set of band uniforms. These were supplied in the last year, so there is no probability of anything further being needed for some time.

Diated (P)

VOL. 31

In reply to:

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT

Carlisle, Pa. June 5th, 1896.

Dexter Loco,
Apache Camp,
Fort Sill, Okla. To.

Friend Dexter :-

Your letter of May 29th has been received. In regard to
the money due you from Isaac S. Wright, I have to say that it is be-
ing collected by a lawyer and will be paid after a while, but it will
be between three and four months yet. I am sorry for this delay, but
Mr. Wright you know has been unfortunate and his property has been
sold by the sheriff, so he himself is poor; but the money will come
to you at the time stated.

I note what you say about plenty of work but no pay and no
clothing, and I am sorry for you. You will now understand the dif-
ference between Pennsylvania and Indian Territory, and why Captain
and your friends tried to keep you in Pennsylvania as long as they
could. You know that you can work very well at farming and earn
money among white farmers if not among Indian farmers.

Your friend,

Diated (P)

6

BLURRED TEXT

VOL. 31

130

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 31

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE.
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT.

Carlisle, Pa., July 27th 1896.

Miss M. Burgess,

941 Howard Street,
San Francisco, California.

My dear MB:-

I congratulate you on the controversy with the preachers.
It was healthy.

You will have my letter of yesterday with the few pointers for
the Convention. Of course if things go our way in the Convention
and there is no disposition to antagonize a milder course, but none
the less firm and none less along the lines I suggested, would be
best. Mr. Standing has just returned from St. Paul. I let him read
your letter. He says Mrs. Sayre, the Missionary at Laguna, told
him at Haskell that our boys had earned over $10,000.00 the last
year working for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. Give that fact
to Dr. Hood if you have a chance, and tell him the testimony comes
from a missionary, and tell him I was at Laguna recently and went
carefully over the record of every returned student with the Indian
parents and officials of the village and that fully ninety per cent
of them were doing a great deal better than we had any right to
expect. What stupidity in their arguments! All Christian effort
says to the Indians: "Come out from among them and be separate,"

132

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., July 28th 1896.

Star Bad Boy,

White Earth, Minnesota.

Dear Star:-

I am glad to hear from you and that you are getting along so well. I shall always take interest in your welfare and hope that you may make a success of everything you undertake to do. You certainly have ability and have the matter in your own hands. We were glad to have you at Carlisle.

Daughter Nana and I have just returned from a three months' trip which took us as far as Alaska. We saw many things of interest We shall have quite a little party of students from Alaska this next year.

Always your friend,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

B. P. Stahl, Mgr. Equitable Assurance Society,
P. O. Box 645, Harrisburg, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I propose now to surrender my policy No. 146043 for the
consideration of $1464.00 as per letter from the Assistant
Actuary of the Society and yours dated respectively July 22nd and
27th. Inasmuch as my policy is in favor of Mrs. Pratt I suppose
the special paragraph marked applies.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

153

144

Carlisle, Pa., Aug. 1, 1893.

To the Adjutant,

10th U. S. Cavalry,

Fort Assinniboine, Montana.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress, approved
June 27th, per S. O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O.,
August 23rd, and Letter of Instructions from the Honorable Sec-
retary of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

My address for the next month is as above.

L.

Capt. 10th Cavalry, Supt.

VOL. 31

145

Carlisle, Pa., Aug. 1, 1896.

To the Adjutant-General, U.S.A.,
Washington, D. C.

Sir:-

I have the honor to report myself on duty in charge of
this School under the provisions of the Act of Congress approved
June 27th, per S. O., No. 194, Headquarters of the Army, A. G. O.,
August 23rd, and Letter of Instructions from the Honorable Sec-
retary of the Interior, dated September 6th, all 1879.

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 31

150
148)

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa., August 6th 1896.

Dr. Melvin Dewey,

Sec'y of the Board of Regents,
Albany, New York.

Dear Sir:-

Desiring the Revolutionary War records of two of my ancestors I have written for information the Chief of the Record and Pension Office in Washington, who referred me to the Adjutant-General of the State of New York and he refers me to you.

I find by our family records that two of my ancestors were in the Revolutionary War, Ephraim Herrick, whose rank is not given, and Captain Daniel Herrick. The troops with whom they served are not mentioned, but were probably from New York. As both were born some twenty odd years before the war began, the chances are they were in early.

I should be greatly obliged to you for any information you may be able to give me in regard to their services.

Supt.

N.

153
149

Carlisle, Pa., August 7th 1896.

Rev. E. A. Watkins,

Editor "The Red Schoolhouse,"

Albany, N. Y.

Dear Sir:-

In reply to your letter of the 4th I take pleasure in sending you by this mail some printed matter and an illustrated book giving the best pictures of the School and pupils, which I trust will cover what you wish. Should there be anything further, however, that you wish, I shall be pleased to reply to any questions you may care to ask.

In regard to the cost of maintenance, which is not touched upon in the papers, we are given an appropriation of $167.00 for each pupil and something for buildings, but we carry so many more pupils than we have appropriation for that including building expenditures and all other expense the cost for each pupil averages only $130.00 per year.

Thanking you for your words of approbation, I am,

(N)

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S.A., Supt.

VOL. 31

150

Rev. John M. Pannent,
Box 736, Tacoma, Wash.

My dear Sir:-

I should have acknowledged your first letter earlier but
for the great pressure of work which waited for my attention after
my return from the west, and which led me to defer writing to you
until I could give you more time.

Your letter but duplicated the information contained in a
letter received from Mr. Phillips, written in official capacity,
and when Dr. Newberne called here on his return west I read these
to him that he might know I was informed of the quality of material
he had brought me under somewhat different representation. Too
often Carlisleis used as a dumping ground for the undesirable pupils
of other schools and we are left to find this out by ourselves. I
am therefore gratified to have your letter and thank you for it.
With this forestallment of knowledge we shall try to apply the
right methods for correction. Since receiving your letter I have
further like information from the examining physician.

I enclose copy of your letter as you request.

With cordial greeting to you and Mrs. Pannent, Lam,

N.

VOL. 31

Mr. and Mrs. Thos. Black Bear,

Porcupine, S. D.

My dear Friends:-

I send you my hearty congratulations and good wishes. I trust you may have many happy years together, and that you will write and tell your School Father about your new home and your plans.

N.

VOL. 31

152

Carlisle, Pa., August 7, 1896.

Miss Luzena Choteau,

303 East Indiana St.,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Luzena:-

I am greatly pleased with your report of the
Christian Endeavor Convention, as printed in the Inter-Ocean and
will have it read before the school at one of our evening meetings
before long, both as instructive and helpful information and also
as the product of a Carlisle graduate. You certainly grow in your
chosen profession.

VOL. 31

153

In reply to

Carlisle, Pa., August 7, 1896

Mr. Chauncey Yellowrobe,

Fort Shaw,

Montana.

My dear Chauncey:-

Am glad to get your letter and to hear such good accounts of you, both from the school and from those who attended the Convention.

I congratulate you upon your promotion. You are having a wide experience and it will help to broaden and enlarge you in every way.

Everything considered, we have great reason to be proud of our graduates and other students. The letters and other indorsements coming to me from many quarters, are most gratifying.

Success to you in your northern 

Am glad to say Carlisle looks out into the new year with every prospect of enlarging usefulness and greater success. We are adding a new laundry and will put another story on the shops so as to give larger accommodations there.

Please remember me kindly to your new Superintendent.

With kind regards and best wishes from all for you,

Faithfully your friend,

VOL. 31

186

154

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., August 8th 1896.

Mrs. Elizabeth Grinnell,

572 Marengo Avenue,

Pasedena, California.

My dear Friend:-

Your bright, cheery letter has just reached me and I am
glad I left that piece of paper for its inspiration. I am pleased
to have the good news from Jo. The girls have written me of his
work and the words from Alaska have been so hopeful in that way
that I expect the young man has covered himself with glory. I more
and more regret that I did not have the time to remain longer at
Sitka. It is such a beautiful place.

We are so glad to hear also of the progress of your mountain
book and shall anxiously await its appearance.

We are now deep in the work here, and I am pushing matters
of improvement for this next year's work. We are building a new
laundry and shall later make additions to the shops and the school-
building. We shall have fifty at least more pupils than we had
last year. So you see we are still growing!

When I get things into running order for the winter I shall
try to find the rest which I did not accomplish on the trip west.
My little stop with you, while so delightful, was marred in a rest-

VOL. 31

155

Mrs. Grinnell, page 2.

ful way, as you will remember, by the uncertainty of the railroad
arrangements for the incoming pupils, and yet I look back upon the
week in Pasedena as one of the most helpful bits of the whole trip.
I wish you were nearer us that we might have you come and make us
a visit. However, as it is, we shall hope to have you with us some-
time.

We are having intensely hot weather, the thermometer ranging
between 90 and 100 every day, and any effort is a strain.

Mrs. Pratt and the girls and all your friends here join with
me insending you and the Doctor and the children our love.

M.

COPY TELEGRAM.

Carlisle, pa., August 5th 1896.

Mrs. Charlotte A. Jane,
Annisquam, Mass.

Constance will reach Boston Friday, 9 A. M. Fall River

Boat.

(Signed) R. H. Pratt, Supt.

Sent 6 P. M.

VOL. 31

100

156

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., August 8th 1906.

Miss Fannie M. McCauley,

130 Wilson Street,
Baltimore, Md.

My dear Miss Fannie:

Your letter of August 7th is just before me.

As the School has enlarged my office work has increased, and
you know daughter Nana has been my amanuensis for the past three
years. The work is too much for one person and I am just looking
around for the right kind of help. I am therefore glad to have your
recommendation of Mrs. Morton, who seems to be, as far as her
abilities are stated, somewhat of the person we need. However, we
must have a stenographer and typewriter. I note that Mrs. Morton is
a good typewriter but nothing is said of her being a stenographer.
If she can fill the demand in that direction I shall be glad to
correspond further with her. Please have her advise me at once.

Yes, Nana and I had a long trip in the west, but so hurried a
one for the ground covered that it brought me no rest, and I am
hoping to run off sometime this fall after the school is in good
running order for the winter.

I regret to hear of your father's feeble health but hope that
the rest of summer may strengthen him.

With cordial greffing, yours faithfully,
N.

VOL. 31

In copy to

Carlisle, Pa., August 8th 1996.

Miss Harriet P. Abbott,

Mr. Albert Haley,

Mystic, Connecticut.

My dear Miss Abbott:-

Your letter to Mr. Standing of July 8th was held for
my attention upon my return from the west and was laid aside so
that I have just come across it. I regret the delay.

Frances continued to fail and after correspondence with her
aunt Mrs. Smith and another Aunt, Mrs. Catharine Printup, Sanborn,
New York, and knowing Frances' own wish, it was decided best that
she go to her aunt Mrs. Printup for the change, though there is
little hope of that being a permanent help, and so she left us for
Sanborn on the 17th of July. Frances said her Aunt had a com-
fortable home and that she would be cared for there. Like most
persons having consumption she was hopeful of her recovery and said
she wanted to come back to Carlisle when she was well. Put the
Doctor gives no hope that she will ever be well.

In regard to the statement of her account: referring to my
letter to your Mother of November 23rd 1994, the arrangement was
that your Society would pay the regular amount appropriated for each
pupil, that is, $167.00 per year, for Frances Johnson's tuition. I

VOL. 31

158

BLEED THROUGH

Miss Harriet F. Abbott, page 2.

received the following amounts for this purpose, from Miss Jadwin on Feb. 23rd '93, $55.00; and from your Mother on July 2nd, $25.00; Jan. 4th '93, $30.00; May 18th, $15.00; May 30th, $20.00; and July 8th, $5.00, making in all $150.00. Frances w as here from Dec. 6th 1894 to July 17th 1896, which we will call one year and a half making the amount of tuition $250.50 and the amount now due $100.50.

Frances was a bright, lovable girl and we feel very sorry to part with her. If she could have kept her health she would have undoubtedly developed into a noble, capable woman.

I trust your Mother is having a restful and pleasant trip abroad and that you are escaping in Connecticut the intense heat which is depressing us in Pennsylvania.

With cordial regards, believe me,

N.

Frances' family record is all against her,-- her Mother and Father and some of her brothers and sisters have died of consumption.

VOL. 31

161

Carlisle, Pa., August 15, 1896.

Mr. J. C. Duke,

Agent, Phila. and Reading R. R.,
Carlisle, Pa.

Dear Sir:-

I inclose my check for Forty dollars and five cents, ($40.05) covering payment to your road for picnic on Tuesday last.

Please sign and return to me the inclosed receipt.

VOL. 31

BLEED THROUGH

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE
OFFICE OF A PERHISTORIAN

Carlisle, Pa., August 14, 1896.

Miss Nellie V. Robertson,
Sisseton Agency, S. D.

Dear Nellie: -

Be careful not to bring very many small ones, stick
close to your instructions. It is not best to make an obligation
that would be against our rule. I would say in the case of Lillian
Brown, inasmuch as she is under age and the mother desires to
bargain that she return within less than the regular time that you
had better not bring her. When you begin to bargain there is no
stopping. I do not object to the age so much as to the bargain.

Let me know in time when and where you want the tickets.

164

VOL. 31

Miss Agatha Ossawanimikee,

Petoskey, Michigan.

Dear Agatha:--

I did not answer your letter at once because I thought you would know of the party William Petoskey and Rosa Bourassa were making up at Petoskey and that you would probably come in with that party. William Petoskey brought them here and tells me he thinks you did not know anything about the party so I write to say that I have given him blanks and if it is right in every way for you to come here you can be examined by the physician and have your Father and Mother sign the consent blank and you can come with two or three girls who are likely to come very soon. William Petoskey will arrange it.

Tell your Mother that Enos Graham ran away last year and the last I heard from him he was at Algonac, Mich. There were some Northern Michigan and Wisconsin boys that ran away together.

We supposed that Enos was at home long ago.

186

165

VOL. 31

Mr. Oliver Silverheels,
Irving, N. Y.

My dear sir:-

Your daughter has the typhoid fever, a disease
sometimes fatal, but not always. She is doing as well as could be
expected. The hospital authorities expect a favorable result.

As you probably know, typhoid is a long continued malady and
the crisis will not be passed before eight or ten days yet.

I have instructed the School Physician to keep you advised
of the conditions.

100

166

VOL. 31

Miss Mary J. Mitchell,

Horton's Bay, Michigan.

My dear Mary:-

Your letter to Rosa was sent to me. I find on looking at our record that you are now twenty-two years old and Miss Campbell tells me that you were not in good health when you went home. It seems to me that under these circumstances that you had better give up school and yet I do not say that you must.

What do you think about it yourself?

Your niece, Ellen, of ten years is too young.

I hope you are in good health and leading a useful life.

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., August 20th 1996.

Rev. A. Rittenhouse,
Supt. M. E. Hospital, S. Broad & Wolfe Sts.,
Philadelphia.

My dear Doctor:-

As Ella Rickart will have to pay her own expenses I was hoping that you could give us a little better rate and deferred writing you about it that Miss Shaffner might see you. She went to Philadelphia yesterday. It was also somewhat important that we should know something about the length of time she would probably have to stay in the Hospital so as not to become involved beyond our resources. Ella can go down at any time. She is now at work in our School Hospital here and she is a good, sensible and capable girl.

(Dictated)
N.

181

172

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, pa., August 20th 1896.

Rev. Robert A. MacFadden,
Andover, Mass.

Dear Robert:-

I have been hoping that I could seize my pen and write you
a line myself, but I have been sorely pushed.

Glad to know that you are so well fixed as to feel able to
venture the invitation to Mrs. Pratt and myself to your home. It
may be your rashness will get you into trouble for we are contemplat-
ing a trip, but have not settled upon the direction.

Miss Ely advises me that she has just arranged for the trans-
fer of Emma to you. I trust and believe this is a move in the
right direction.

How about a visit of yourself and Mrs. MacFadden to us? We
shall not excuse you because of any change of conditions.

With cordial remembrances and regards from us all,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., August 21st 1896.

Julia M. Long,

Dear Julia:-

Although I was sorry not to hear from you earlier, I
knew you were busy and excused you on that account.

I am glad that you are feeling so well and have such congenial work. I trust you will continue to grow stronger and happier in your chosen work.

Things move on with us about as usual. The laundry building is growing near completion and we are beginning to plan for the enlarging of the shels. Soon the boys and girls will be coming in from the country and everything will be in a busy hour of life.

Please remember me to Miss Seabrook and with good wishes for you and hoping to hear from you from time to time, I am.

Your friend and school father,

N.

181

175

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., August 22nd 1896.

John Wanamaker,
Philadelphia.

Dear Sirs:-

Two weeks ago my daughter, Miss Nana Pratt, sent you an order for books and now has the enclosed bill from you. The books reached us by freight. I enclose my check for $5.38 covering "The Warflare of Science," but as the other books are for the use of the school I will ask you to kindly wait for payment until about the 20th of October, when we can cover them on our estimates. We shall probably wish to order other books before our settlement of this bill and with your permission we will keep an open account with you. Please advise if this will be satisfactory.

Thanking you for the discount,

N.

VOL. 31

181

176

181

178

In reply to:

Dr. A. Rittenhouse,

Supt. M. E. Hospital, S. Broad and Wolfs Sts.,
Philadelphia.

My dear Dr. Rittenhouse:-

To be strictly military, if you use the reserve corps in
No. 4, instead of auxiliary, and the veteran corps in No. 5, instead
of reserve, you will be all right. Both reserve and veteran, you
know, apply to the stable, experienced dernier ressort commands. Of
course auxiliary and honorary are all right in your particular scheme
but they are not, in accordance with my teaching, exactly military
phrases. I think the name for your establishment and its battle
ery exceedingly apropos.

I have instructed my School Physician, Dr. Daniel, to write
you and make an appointment that he may be present at the glyneo-
logical examination of Ella Rickart. On account of his not being
absent more than one day it would be better if the examination
could be between 11 and 3.30 of clock.

(Diated)
N.

VOL. 31

181

179

In reply to:

Major C. A. H. McCauley, Quartermaster U. S. Army,
Quartermaster's Dept., U.S.A., 1428 Arch St.,
Philadelphia.

Siri-

I forward herewith forage requisition for my two private
horses for September 1896.

Your order for forage for August is received, but you omitted
to send the order for July.

Very respectfully,

N.

VOL. 31

181

180

Carlicle, Pa., August 25th, 1896.

Dr. A. Rittenhouse, Sept. W. E. Hospital,
S. Broad and Wolfe Sts.,

Philadelphia.

My dear Doctor:-

Where your formations in a particular church are less than
a company, they could be designated as "platoons." A company is
divided into several platoons, two, three or four, as the strength
of the company and the arrangement of the officers may require. In
the cavalry we have a sub-division of two companies called a
"squadron," (half of a battalion). The use of the word "detachment"
is entirely military and proper, also "squad." Squad or detachment
would be any irregular sub-division of a company, either less or
more than a platoon.

(Distributed) N.

VOL. 31

185

Carlisle, Pa., August 28th 1896.

W. Martin Johnson,

Art Department, The Ladies Home Journal,
Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Sirs:

Your letter of the 27th comes to me this morning.

This School has been so largely written up and we have had so
many demands for contrast groups of our students as illustrations,
while we have but two contrasts left which have not been published,
and these are not of the best. I send them to you, however, as you
believe, by this mail. The one of the girl alone, Wanda Parker, is
particularly valuable to us, and I will ask you to return it when
through with it.

I also send you a number of individual photographs of our
people, which may help to correct the idea held by many people,
that the Indians are materially different from other people. Given
these opportunities the Indians take on the appearance and
characteristics of other people.

The best views of our School are contained in our illustrated
book, and I forward you a copy of this, together with other prints,
and if you find any among these you wish to publish and prefer to

BLURRED TEXT

VOL. 31

187

BLURRED TEXT

Carlisle, Pa., August 31st 1896.

Ben. Caswell,

Indian School, Harlem, Montana.

Dear Bens-

The experiences you are having now, will, in my opinion, do as much for you in making a man of you and an opportunity to get on in the world, as your studying law. The country is overcrowded with lawyers, and you will find more promising openings in other directions. I think you were quite wise to go to the Institute at St. Paul.

If you remain unsatisfied with what you know and endeavor to lift yourself into wider knowledge you will go on. Danger lies in our contentment with ourselves. Avoid this.

We are busy in building a new laundry and making additions to the shops. School opens tomorrow. The Seniors and Juniors are in, and within a couple of weeks the other pupils, now in the country, will be in and we shall be in our usual busy times.

I shall hope to hear from you from time to time and shall always follow you with my best wishes.

N.

VOL. 31

188

Carlisle, Pa., August 31st 1996.

Rosy Metoxén,

Freedom, Outogania Co., Wis.

Dear Rosy:-

I am glad to hear from you and about the various returned pupils.

Cynthia and Denison arrived last Saturday. I was disappointed not to have a party of pupils from Oneida.

What are your plans for this year? I shall be interested to know what you are doing and how you are getting along.

You have the School news from the Helper, and I cannot add to that.

Our School room work begins tomorrow, and soon most of the pupils will be in from the country and we shall be in a busy whirl.

Please give my cordial greetings to all the returned pupils.

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

Carliello, Pa., September 1, 189..

Messrs. Chandler &arb;Barrer,

18 & 17 Elicht Street,

Boston, Mass.

Gentlemen:

Referring to your letter of July 18 you may please send me one
number 8 bench by freight via Pennsylvania railroad to Gettysburg Junction.

We wish to see the bench and I order one as a sample; bill to me and
I will remit on receipt of the goods.

Yours truly

Superintendent.

(Dianated)

V.

VOL. 31

Carroll, Pa., October 1, 1907.

Wm. H. Carrefoll,

Reserve, Wis.

Dear William:

Your letter of August 30 was received in due time and I have
been waiting for a letter from your farmer, which you said he would write.

I cannot think of arranging for students or taking any steps
about their transfer without the authority at the Agency desire it. The
farmer has not written to me, nor anyone else but you. You did not give me
the ages of the boys and girls or where they will attend school. I should
know quite fully about them before they start.

(Diated)

M.

VOL. 31

193

Carlsbad, Pa., September 2nd 1896.

Miss Lottie Herrick,
Delta, Ohio.

Dear Cousin Lottie:

I enclose herewith my check for $36.00, covering Mother's
trip for the month of September. Please acknowledge receipt.

I trust that with the coming of the cooler fall weather you are
all feeling better. The days here are now perfect and we are all
working with more pleasurable energy.

We are having new pupils come to us every week and our
accommodations are about full. The building is going on well and
we have started in upon our year's work in the school-room.

We all join in sending you, Aunt Abbie and all the cousins our
love.

Your cousin,

N.

VOL. 31

194

Carlisle, Pa., September 5th 1896.

Mr. A. J. Standing,

Hotel Bryn Mawr,

Atlantic City, N. J.

Dear Mr. Standing:-

The fish arrived this morning in excellent condition, and I thank you for your remembrance.

I went over to the Susquehanna yesterday for the first time since I have been here, fished five hours straight, and got one miserable little bass about seven inches long, so you see your donation arrives opportunistly.

Glad to hear that you and Mrs. Standing are enjoying the rest.

VOL. 31

198

BLURRED TEXT

September 9th 1896.

Wm. H. Todd,
Box 8.
North Haven, Conn.

My dear friend:-

Your letter of the 5th containing check for $10.96, donation from the North Haven Congregational Sunday School to this School, reaches me this morning, and I am very grateful to you and your Sunday School for this material help. Our Charity Fund is very low just now so that we particularly appreciate help at this time.

The School is growing in every way. Today we have on our rolls 812 pupils, a larger number than we have ever before had at one time. I have more applications for students to come to Carlisle than I can favor because of our accommodations and means. I trust, however, that the day will soon come when the methods in all Indian work will be broadened and we can reach all Indians.

Faithfully yours,

VOL. 31

199

BLURRED TEXT

Cashistle, Pa., September 10, 1896.

R. Wilson Derby, Sect. and Treas.
Mt. Carmel, Pa.

Dear Sirs:

Replying to yours of the 8th I have to advise that, owing to a
large number of the members of the band graduating and leaving, and the
introduction of new members yet unskilled we are unable to make any pub-
lish appearance at present, with that part of the institution and so are
not on the market for any kind of entertainment.

(Dictated)

M.

VOL. 31

200

Carlisle, Pa., September 10th 1896.

Miss Annie Lockwood,

Keam's Canon, Arizona.

My dear Annie:-

It was a great pleasure to receive your good long letter
last month, and as it contained such a interesting account of your
trip to see the snake-dance, I took the liberty of having it printed
in the Helper, as you have perhaps noticed. Our little paper is
made interesting by the news we can print from the different parts
of the world. Harper's Weekly had an account of the snake-dance, and
we were glad to be able to give an account from an Indian eye-witness.

My thoughts often turn to you, and I am happy when I hear of
your improved health, and your happiness in your work.

Nana and I had a very pleasant trip in many ways, but there was
too much of travel for me and I did not get the rest I needed. We
wished very much to visit Keams Canon, and tried to plan for it, but
were
our time was too limited and when we neares
We visited many of the Agencies and Indian Schools, went to Alaska,
where we enjoyed greatly the beautiful scenery and strange little
villages of Indians with the totem poles, and then we went on to
the Yellowstone Park. I had been in the Park before and enjoyed

VOL. 31

201

my
the repetition there of some of, fishing experiences. At the outlet
of the Yellowstone Lake into the Yellowstone River, in four hours
four of our party caught 117 Rainbow Trout, the lot weighing 157 1/2
pounds. That is our biggest fishing story on that trip.

Our School work has begun, and this week will see all the
pupils in from the country who will be with us this winter. We have
the largest number we have ever reached at any one time now on our
rolls, 812, and before the month is over we shall have probably 30
more. So you see how we are growing. Our new laundry is nearing
completion and the work on the shops is going forward, and these
enlargements will help us greatly in our industrial work.

Mrs. Marie Anallo Marmon brought us a nice party of twelve
from Laguna, and then spent several days with us. We enjoyed her
visit.

I am always very glad to hear from you and trust you will write
me often.

With love and good wishes for you from us all,

Please give my kindest regards to Mr. and Mrs. Collins.

VOL. 31

202

Carlisle, Pa., September 11th 1896.

Dr. O. J. West,

Lapwai,

Idaho.

My dear Doctor:-

I feel guilty that I have not written you since being at Lapwai and enjoying your hospitality and kindness, but my time and energies have been most completely absorbed since my return and social letters have necessarily been crowded out.

The Manager of the Red Man wanted to make the last number purely an Indian Institute number, and I consented with the intention of using your poem in the forthcoming number. However, as you want to use it otherwise, I, of course, suspend.

My daughter and I both take great delight in the experiences of our trip, and among the most memorable events is our visit to your picturesque locality.

We had no end of pleasure in the Park. I landed some very large trout and one day got upwards of sixty that weighed not far from eighty pounds. The largest I caught weighed three pounds, and it was as handsome a fight as I have had. I thought of you often. There was no other genuine fisherman in our party. They were all amateurs, so that my victories were easily won.

VOL. 31

205

Carlisle, Pa., September 14th 1896.

Eugene Tahkahpuer,

Conway, Mass.

Dear Eugene:-

I am pleased to receive your letter of the 11th and hear
of your plans through it. I trust you may have a very pleasant and
helpful year.

I have notified the Man-On-The-Band-Stand of your changed
address and he will see that your Helper reaches you, and from our
little paper you will have all the school news.

We have about 840 pupils on our rools, a larger number than
we have ever before had at one time, so that we are having very
busy times, and our quarters are full. We look forward to a helpful
year.

We all join in sending you our best wishes.

N.

VOL. 31

207

Rev. B. C. Conner,

431 Market Street,
Bloomsburg, Pa.

My dear sir:-

We could come to you for four or five entertainments, in
numbers not less than sixteen nor more than twenty, at $50.00 each
entertainment and our expenses. We have generally been taken care
of by the church membership, the party being divided throughout the
town, and I have one-half rates on all our Pennsylvania Railroads,
so that I could arrange that matter for you cheaply.

It would suit us better and we should be better prepared if
the time could be in November, but still we shall be in fairly good
shape by the week in October you speak of.

I am led to be willing to do this at this rate only because my
band fund is very much in debt and I must manage to clear that up. If
we had no such thing bearing upon us I would not be willing to go
out at all, because it is a great break in our school work here to
prepare for such an occasion and then the absence from school for
a week for those who go is a very serious objection.

Fraternally and cordially yours,

(Dictated)
N.

Cant. & Sunt.

VOL. 31

209

BLURRED TEXT

Carlisle, Pa., September 15th, 1996.

Henry R. Howland,
President Thomas Asylum,
Buffalo, N. Y.

Dear Sir:-

I hardly know how to advise you in answer to your letter of the
11th asking about instruction for your students in the ordinary rudiments
of carpentry, mason work, blacksmithing, tailoring, etc. My plan here has
been to have a competent machanic at the head of each branch of industry:- for
carpentry, a carpenter; for blacksmithing, a blacksmith, etc. A great
difficulty is to market the products. In our large institution we manufac-
ture more articles than we can use ourselves, but have the aid of sales to
the Department for the use of Indians all over the country, and thus find
market for our productions. For the carpenters we have never lacked work
in the needs of the School, and for the blacksmith while the needs of the
School and its two farms are large but there is large ability to produce
beyond these needs and this we throw into wagons which are sold to the Indian
service. I would suggest that if you begin your industrial system with
one or two industries you may make it grow as we did here. Carpenters are
in demand everywhere, and if your force does not find outlet for all it can
do at the School, I do not see why you should not undertake work outside. I
found an Indian school in Arizona resorting to this method, - the Superintend-
ent sending his carpenter and apprentice to put up houses for Indians twelve

VOL. 31

210

H. R. Howland, page 2

miles away. Certainly there must, in your surrounding neighborhood, be added employment for your carpenters and also for the blacksmith and wagon maker, who might be one and the same person.

I have found it best to have as instructors men of mature years and of exceptional ability and experience in their lines, instead of young men. It would be, in my judgment, impossible to find one person who could teach successfully several branches as you contemplate. That farce was tried at Hampton at the beginning of her industrial system when I was stationed there in '78. The man was thoroughly energetic and could do something at five of six different trades, but was unable to make anything in any line that was marketable, and they were driven to use mechanics to teach one trade only.

Farming is the strong point here and I think throughout the whole Indian service. So much is done by machinery now at a very low cost that a mastery of a trade has become less significant as a means of securing a livelihood. I count habits of industry by far the greatest feature in our industrial system. Far less than the majority of our boys trained in trades follow those trades when through school, but having gained some skill with tools and acquired habits of industry they are welcomed as workmen in other lines.

After all the best way to learn farming is to put a boy on a farm with a farmer who has to make his living by it and who gives him personal instruction; so too the best way to learn carpentry is to put a boy in a carpenter shop where there is a constant push and thorough skill required. I feel more and more that schools are assuming all-together too much in the lines of industrial training. However practical we make our efforts in the school

VOL. 31

H. R. Howland, page 3.

training of mechanics there is lacking the incentive of competition and the necessity to produce a certain quantity of work in a given period and the wide range of experience in the real shop. If I had twenty farmers to train my 400 boys in mass I could not turn out such farmers as we turn out by placing our boys individually with farmers, and the same is true to a more or less extent with the trades. One carpenter instructing twenty boys cannot produce the finished workman, nor the energetic qualities that are produced by placing one boy in a carpenter shop where there are three or four workmen who must do so much work in order to get a certain amount of pay.

I am sorry I cannot give you more definite ideas, but I will gladly answer further questions.

Yours truly,

Captain 10th Cavalry, U.S.A.,
Superintendent.

( Dictated )

N

M.

211

VOL. 31

212

BLURRED TEXT

VOL. 31

Carli news, Pa., September 16th 1896.

A. %, Snyder,

802 Green Avenue,
Altomna, Pa.

Dear Sirs:-

Your letter of the 15th is just before me. We shall
probably go to Bloomsburg and visit it during the week in
October you mention to give several entertainments, but if matters
are satisfactory we might arrange to come to you in November. Our
terms for one entertainment are $100.00 and expenses. We have
usually been entertained at the homes of the church people and
as I have a half rate arrangement for railroad travel with the
railroads in Pennsylvania, the expenses are not great. The
party would probably number not less than sixteen or more than
twenty.

I am led to give these entertainments because our band fund
is in debt and we must work our way out. Otherwise the break in
our school life, both in the extra drill required and the absences
on the trips, could not be allowed.

Yours very truly,

Capt. 10th Cav'y., U.S. A., Supt.

N.

015

214

BLEED THROUGH

Carlisle, Pa., September 9th 1896.

My dear Mrs. Grinnell:-

"Pacific Branch Carlisle Industrial Training School," is good, very good. We want our work to extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and I am glad to feel that we have a strong arm at Pasadena.

I note what you and Miss March say about an Indian girl to help her at her school. Of course Los Angeles is out of our district, and besides I would hardly favor sending a girl into a city and the temptations of the life there. However, there is no objection to Miss March's communicating with the Perris school, and of course that would best be done directly with the Supt., Mr. Edgar A. Allen. By the way, do you know that his wife is one of my former girls, Ida Johnson. She was advanced beyond our grade when she came here and went to Metzgar Institute for about two years, enterring into our other work and doing a little normal-room teaching. I am sorry not to encourage you more about the girl. We have no returned girls near you who are available.

We shall be anxious to hear of Jo's safe return home. What a
royal summer he must have had!

Your political wishes, I should say, are about right.

With love from us all to you and yours,

N.

VOL. 31

216

Carlisle, Pa., September 17th 1896.

Morgan Toprock.

Indian School,

Fort Lewis, via Hesperus, Colo.

Dear Morgan:-

I am pleased to hear from you and to know that you are
so well fixed. I trust you will make a success of your work, and
be watchful of yourself, knowing that almost everything depends
upon yourself.

All goes well with us here at Carlisle. We have 824
pupils, more than we have ever had at one time before, and will
have a few more before the month is out, so that you see our
school is full. I am building a new laundry and enlarging the
shops, and our industries will be much improved this year. You
have the school news from the Helper.

With best wishes from you,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

217

Mrs. Nellie Chandler,

Fort Sill, O. T.

Dear Nellie:-

Your full letter with its news about the returned Carlisle pupils, reached me sometime ago, and I was pleased to receive it, though sorry to hear some of the reports you gave. I know against what odds the returned pupils have to work on the reservations and feel sorry whenever any go home. However, it is good to know that some are strong enough to stand out against the temptations. Please remember me to all my old pupils and tell them I often think of them all.

We have received some very nice pupils from the Territory recently, bring our numbers now up to 824.

The boys and girls have come in from their country homes, and our winter's work is well begun. The new laundry is nearly completed, and I am now enlarging the shops, so that our industries will have good accommodations.

I am always glad to hear from you and any of the old Carlisle pupils, and trust you will write me from time to time.

Your friend,

No.

VOL. 31

220

Carlisle, Pa., September 21st 1896.

Benjamin Caswell,
Indian School,
Harlem, Montana.

Dear Ben:-

I am greatly pleased to hear of your desire to strike out for yourself as a man and away from the Indians. It shows that you are making progress. I am glad to send you a certificate of your record here, and trust you will find your right place. If you start out with your usual determination, and are willing to begin modestly and work your way up, I am sure you will succeed. The policy on the part of the Indians and some of their would-be friends to have the Government not only give the Indians education but also provide them with positions at good salary, means a gradual destruction of manliness and womanliness, and I reproach when a young man or woman sees this and has pride enough for himself or herself to cast off these influences, even if it does mean leaving a "seemingly comfortable berth," as you say, and harder work and less pay. It also means making a better man," just as you desire.

Be assured, therefore, that I shall watch your career in the future with greater interest, than I have in the past, and

VOL. 31

B. Caswell, page 2.

shall always follow you with my best wishes for your success. If
I can help you at any time do not hesitate to let me know.

Faithfully your friend,

N.

Dr. Caroline Taylor,

215 Eighth Street,

Logansport, Indiana.

Dear Mrs. Taylor:-

After my arrangement with your nephew and the time for
him to report the President spread the mantle of civil service over
that and all other positions in the Indian service not at that time
covered by it, taking those appointments absolutely out of my hands.
more

I have no voice in who shall be my employes a Carlisle than the
Mikado of Japan. Several other places for which I had arranged
in the same way are left in the same fix. There is no end of
politics in it. I advised your nephew in time so that he might
make arrangements elsewhere.

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

221

222

Carlisle, Pa., September 21st 1893.

J. W. Hunter,

Anadarko, O. T.

Dear Job:-

Your long letter of the 16th is just before me. It is hardly right for you to complain that you do not get better wages from the Government, for you abused your opportunities for schooling by running away from Carlisle and so you do not know enough to make you very valuable. As you are a married man you are hardly eligible for school now. However, your experience in the country and your little knowledge of English, which you gained at Carlisle, opens the way for you to strike out for yourself away from the reservation and work up to better things if you have the stick-to-iveness and purpose to do good, steady work.

That the boys fall back to their Indian way of living because the Government does not give them positions, is poor excuse. Carlisle gives them the knowledge and experience with white people and opens the door for them to go out among the people of the country and make their way by themselves, and they should have the manliness to do this. Every one who succeeds in life has to work hard and faithfully, wherever he may be, and when a man shows that he is willing to work he can always find a place.

VOL. 31

J. W. Hunter, page 2.

Yes, we have improved in many ways here at Carlisle since
you left us. You know Carlisle believes in going on and growing
better and better. This year we are building a new laundry and
enlarging the shops, which will greatly improve our industries. We
have 824 pupils on our rolls now, more than we have ever had at
one time before. So you see we are marching forward.

I hope you take the little Helper. That will give you all the
School news.

I am always glad to hear from any of my old students, and
hope you will write me occasionally. Please remember me to any
Carlisle boys and girls you may see.

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

224

Carlisle, Pa., September 22nd 1896.

Mervin G. Filler, A. M.,

Dickinson College Preparatory School,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I enclose herewith my check for $7.00 covering your bill.

I trust my daughter may do good work in school this year, and
shall be glad if you will keep me informed of her progress.

Very truly yours,

N.

W. F. Campbell,

White Earth, Minnesota.

Dear William:-

I am sorry to again remind you of your notes which I hold.
I am in very straightened circumstances and need the money badly. Is
it not possible for you to lift these notes at once and help me?

Your friend,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

2253

Rev. W. W. Clawson,

Hogansburg, Franklin Co., N. Y.

My dear Sir:-

I appreciate fully the situation among the St. Regis Indians. It is the same everywhere. I have little hope of any material progress until the Indians are bereft of their lands and have struck the bottom of necessity. Then they will find something to build upon, and not before.

The operation of lands in severalty has only reduced the reservation. The sale of the surplus lands has given the Indians vast sums of money with which to debauch themselves and the surrounding whites. The 1700 Nez Perces in Idaho have had their lands allotted for several years. The Agent there told me that not a dozen of them were living on their allotments, that less than one-third of them knew where their allotments were, and that there were over 300 allotments for which neither he nor his forces could find Indians. Drunkenness and assassination are making great inroads on the tribe and the situation is such as ought to make every decent American blush with shame. The same is true of theOmahas and Winnebages and others who have had their lands allotted.

If there were no money payments connected with the allotments the result I think would be vastly different.

VOL. 31

Rev. W. W. Clavson, page 2.

If the St. Regis lands are to be allotted, I should say that some scheme should be adopted as near equitable as possible, which would simply divide the land among the families and break up the communistic and tribal government. Place them under the laws of the county and state. Responsibilities make men and citizens, out of Indians as well as any other nation. I would make the St. Regis Indians citizens at once. There should be no payments, no annuities, no outside help, but in some way they should be made to lean upon themselves. To help a man to help himself is the greatest charity.

I can and do place hundreds of young Indians out at work every year; many of them from the lowest and wildest tribes. I count it the greatest missionary scheme at work anywhere among and for the Indians. I would say, then, that if you could get the state to divide the lands, all their lands, among them, give them fee simple titles at once with full power to alienate, and let them sell out or let them rent, or let them work their lands in any way they choose, but give them no money, the situation would be changed. Stand ready to engineer, getting out to work as remote as possible, as many boys and girls, middle-aged people, men and women, as you can, you will be doing the right and proper thing.

I am so pressed with duties just now that I feel I am making you a very imperfect answer to your letter.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa., September 23rd 1896.

Miss Lydia L. Hunt,

San Carlos, Arizona.

Dear Miss Hunt:-

I have had yours of August 30th sometime. There was really
nothing to write in answer.

I am in a serious snarl with the Superintendent and Assistant
Commissioner and my case is before the Secretary. It is all about
Miss Silcott. So that you see even Carlisle, since civil service
came in, has her complications.

We are booming full of students, 820 on our rolls today, with
thirty or forty more en route. We have now 250 more than our appro-
priation number. 220 are to remain out for the winter. We are all
well here. Full of work, putting the second story on the shops and
the new laundry building, which is 140X40, is just under roof. Really
I was never in a better fix to be relieved than just now.

I trust everything goes well with you.

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

228

Miss Julia A. Henry,
Wallingford, Pa.

My dear Julia:-

We are expecting to see you here before your return to
China. Do not forget that.

I gave orders about the girl; and had Miss Shaffner write you,
I have been so pressed with work that I am delayed in writing you
myself.

If Mr. Cunningham has not already made his visit to you, when
he does come give him our love and say to him that we shall be
delighted to see him at Carlisle.

With kindest regards to your Father and Mother,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

229

Dr. Carlos Montezuma,

100 State Street,
Chicago, Illinois.

My dear Doctor:-

Den has written you about your affair, so that it is not
necessary for me to write you further. I am sorry you are feeling
the pinch of the times, but feel assured with your economy and
general good sense you will pull through all right.

It seems to me that the Agency and reservation conditions grow
worse and worse. It is nonsense for us to longer expect anything
good from Agency management. The people must be gotten out and
allowed a chance.

I want you, Doctor, to plan to be with us at our next Commencement.

I have not heard from Antonio Apache. I hope he is getting on
well. I was a little afraid that he had schemes on the reservation
which might get me into trouble. This of course is confidential.

Yours faithfully,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

230

Carlisle, Pa., September 24th 1896.

P. J. Powlus,

Oneida, Wisconsin.

Dear Peter:-

While I thank you for your invitation to attend your Fair Sept. 29th and 30th and Oct. 1st, at Oneida, I must send you my regrets. So much is pressing upon me, that I shall be quite unable to leave home at that time. Your fair, if carried on as you outline, will doubtless open the eyes of many people to what the Indians can do, and correct the evil impressions created by the Wild West Shows you speak of visiting. Of course there needs to be the every day plodding work and good behavior back of any exhibition, before the exhibition can really mean anything and have the influence desired. It is the really earnest work the world needs, and not the shams.

I am always glad to hear from you, Peter, as well as any of my old pupils, and follow you always with my interest and best wishes.

With kind regards for you and your family, and cordial wishes for success to the Fair, I am,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

220
235

BLEED THROUGH

Carlisle, Pa., September 26th 1896.

Miss Florence Wells,
Indian School, Chemawa, Oregon.

Dear Florence:-

Your letter of the 3rd has been with me some days, and I
am glad to know through it of your pleasant location for this next
year and your safe return from Alaska. I trust you will realize much
of good both to yourself and others in your work.

You have quite a little Carlisle colony at Chemawa in Mr. Potter
Betty, Josiah and yourself, so that we shall feel especially interest-
ed in all that you do.

You must, indeed, have had a delightful time in Alaska, and I
am sure the summer did you good. There is great tonic in living out
of doors for a time. Nana and I have not ceased to regret that we
could not spend a longer time at Sitka.

I have been extremely busy since my return home. I am building
a new laundry, a fine large building, just across the road from the
Girls' Quarters, and am putting a second story on the shop buildings,
so that our industries will be well equiped for work. School room
work began the first of September. We have over 820 pupils on our
rolls, a larger number than we have ever had at one time before, and
there are 30 or 40 more yet to come. I have now about 250 more than
my appropriation warrents my taking, so that my hands are full.

With greetings to all at Chemawa, especially yourself, Mr.
and Mrs. Potter and Betty and Josiah, I am,

Your friend,

N.

Annie Tonasket, about whom you inquire, did not
come to Carlisle.

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa., September 29th 1896.

Harry Kohpay,

Kaw Agency, O. T.

Dear Harrys:-

I have been very much pleased to have the good reports
of you from time to time, both from your own letters and from others,
and I very willingly send you a recommendation.

I would be better pleased to see you strike out for yourself
independent in every way of the Indian service, and gain a position
for yourself by your own worth as a man, and not as an Indian. The
very fact that Indians are allowed to enter the Indian service with-
out examination, while others are required to pass the examinations,
is weakening. The Indians are harming themselves by allowing this
different standard by which to be judged, and there is little
progress, if any, by this method. Carlisle, by its outing system,
gives its pupils the courage to go out by themselves, and I rejoice
when any of my pupils have the independence and pride to follow
this teaching. But you have heard me talk along these lines so
often that I need not say more. I watch all my old pupils with
greatest interest, and am happy in their successes wherever they may
be, so that you will know that my good wishes go with you always.

I also enclose a certificate from your teacher, Miss Cutter, as
you request.

Trusting I shall hear from you now and then, I am,

N.

Your friend,

VOL. 31

BLEED THROUGH

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa., October 1st 1896.

J. Lewis Cruse, Sec.

Penna. Society to Prevent Cruelty to Children,
217 So. Broad Street, Philadelphia.

Dear Sir:-

Replying to your letter of yesterday, I enclose to you
copy of the rules for the Indian school service put out by the
Department at Washington. Aside from these we have no printed
rules for the government of this School, being governed entirely by the
ordinary well-known principles of right and wrong.

You ask if I sanction corporal punishment. I answer, I do. Our corporal punishments, however, are inflicted only after due trial and sentence by a court. In the beginning of this School I adopted practically the Army method of courts-marchall, requiring the older and more advanced and judicially inclined students to act as members of the court. In some cases where the offence was especially grave I have added employes to the court, and in a very few cases in the course of the seventeen years, have had a court composed entirely of employes. Where the sentence has been confinement and bread and water, which has seldom occured in the history of the School, I judged the conditions warranted it and have approved and enforced the sentence. But I have never placed a student on such punishment myself arbitrarily. It has always been after trial. These punishments are always carried out under the direction of the Disciplinarian. In order that you may fully understand how we proceed I send

J. Lewis Cruse, page 2.

you three sample trials, which please return to me.

Punishments are seldom upon the smaller children or girls. They
are almost always upon the boys and young men, and in almost every
case upon those who have formed very loose habits and morals else-
where, who have to be punished to get them to behave properly here.
Too often young men, dissapated and criminal at home, have been sent
here for us to try our hand upon.

Yours truly,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

BLURRED TEXT

Carlisle, Pa., October 5th 1896.

Dear cousin Lottie,

I enclose herewith my check for $55.00 covering Mother's
keep for the month of October.

I trust the storm of last Tuesday evening did not reach you. We
had a terrific gale here, which lasted for nearly three hours and
demolished the walls of the shops, I am enlarging, and damaged some
of the other buildings. The Helper will give you the detailed
account.

The days since the storm have been delightfully bright and cool
and safe and I have had many long rides on our wheels. The trees
are rich in autumnal coloring, and our little valley looks especial-
ly beautiful now.

Trusting you are all well, and with love from us all for your
self, Aunt Abbie and the cousins,

VOL. 31

242

BLEED THROUGH

Col. J. Roe Young,

Pima Agency, Sacaton, Arizona.

My dear Colonel:-

I feel I am not in a position to help you much in your
fight against the Catholic priest. The Catholics are making a
desperate fight all along the line. They have interfered everywhere
with my getting children, but in spite of them I am fuller than
ever before. Smith, the Assistant Commissioner, has, in a most
underhanded way, interfered with my authorities and imposed upon me
in the matter of employes. I have stood him off until it came to a
direct issue and while temporarily in charge he ordered me to take
a Miss Silcott, whom I had notified the Department I should not
want. She reported and I told her I did not want her and had no
use for her, and she reported back to him and he has manipulated the
situation and has reported against me and asked my release from
service, and the case is pending before the Secretary. Smith's
letter has been sent to me and I am to answer it. It is full of the
Catholic scurrility and false assertions that has prevailed in
Catholic papers for the past dozen years and better. Still the
Secretary seems to think there is something to defend myself from,
and I shall have to make some kind of an answer. I failed to meet
the Secretary when last in Washington, so that I am not acquainted
there, and would not feel safe, under the circumstances, to say
anything to him, but I can and will write to Judge Browning, and

VOL. 31

244 15

BLEED THROUGH

Personal.

Hon. D. M. Browning,

Commissioner of Indian Affairs,

Washington, D. C.

Dear Judge Browning:-

Agent Young at Pima asks me to intercede with you to give him full swing to keep the Catholic priest from erecting a school on that part of the reservation not heretofore invaded by the Catholics. He explained to me when I was at the Agency the deplorable conditions of the Catholic Indians over by Tucson, which confirmed what I had seen years ago. I realized that in taking the position that they should confine themselves to their own field he was right. My experience here for the last dozen years, and particularly the last two or three years, has shown that the Catholics intend to be thoroughly aggressive and accomplish their absorption purposes by any means however questionable. They have intimidated and persuaded parents and children both very largely against Carlisle, utilizing the clause in the late Bill, which requires both the parents' and childrens' consent before children are sent away.

I trust you may see your way to give Agent Young full authority to act in the matter there. He is on the ground and understands the situation better than anyone else can, and it would seem most reasonable that his judgment ought to prevail.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

246

Carlisle, Pa., October 6th 1896,

Eugene Tabkabguer,
Conway, Mass.

My dear Eugene!—

I suspect we can beat you on the apples down here as to price. Good apples here are now to be had for 30¢ a bushel, which would be much less than $1.25 a barrel, and no transportation to pay. Your price, therefore, makes it impossible for me to think of your proposition. We are just about to buy 100 bushels.

I was very sorry to hear of the death of Mrs. Howland. She was a good woman, and I am surely will be greatly missed not only by you but by many others.

The young lady accepted an appointment at a school in Wisconsin and has gone there to take up her duties.

I see you keep up with us by reading the Helper, and it is not necessary, therefore, for me to write you the news.

Your friend,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

247

Carlisle, Pa., October 7th 1895.

Rev. John Eastman,

Flandreau, S. D.

My dear Mr. Eastman:-

Your letter of the 29th of September came some days ago and was inadvertently laid away with others until I got over a particular emergency.

I would like very much to have your son here and a party from Flandreau, but I have this to say about your son. He, to my mind, by continuing his attendance on the public high school in the village, will become a great deal better fitted to meet the affairs of life than he would by getting into Carlisle or any other purely Indian school. It has always been my policy here to push our pupils out into the public schools of the country and the proof of its advantages is well established by thousands of experiences. The manliness, the independence, the courage to meet the demands of American civilized life are all to be acquired much more readily, and I might add almost only to be acquired by that method. I feel especially pleased that your thoughts should turn towards Carlisle for your son and that you should with your experience and observation feel that Carlisle was the proper place for him, and I do not mean by this letter to refuse to accept of him, but I give you my views, feeling that you would probably give the subject additional thought and perhaps change your mind about it. If you, however, still

VOL. 31

251

Carlisle, Pa., October 12th 1896.

My dear Levant:-

I am going to use Nana's shorthand to answer yours of the
8th, because Laura and I leave tomorrow for Lake Mohonk and I am
unusually pushed.

We are all in very good health. Richenda is at home attending
the Dickinson College Preparatory School in Carlisle. Nana is still
with me in the Office. We have had an unusually busy fall. There
has been no diminution, but rather an exaggeration of the difficulties
in our way, especially at the Department. The Assistant Commissioner,
acting as Commissioner in the Commissioner's absence, requested that
I be relieved from duty in the Indian Bureau. The Secretary referred
the letter to me and I answered, so that I am just a little in the
air at this time. My impression is that the Assistant Commissioner
will get the worst of it, but yet I might be mistaken.

We have 804 students, with more to come. I am putting a second
story on the shops, which will make our shop room of double capacity,
and I have put up a laundry 140X42 feet which will be the finest
thing of its kind anywhere in the country.

Hope you are well and will come and see us soon. Plan to be
with us at Commencement next February if you cannot come before.

Glad to hear you had such a nice visit in St. Louis.

Do you know, I have somewhat of an aversion to your new
Bishop? I have met him at Lake Mohonk several times. His

VOL. 31

assumptions and line of thought on the Indian question are not
on the right track. It will be a long while before you have another
Bishop Cox.

In regard to the Indian girl: my relations with the Department
are such that I do not care to ask any favors on that or any other
line, and it would of necessity be a matter for the Department to
decide. Sometime after the fourth of March, if the case is still
pending and I am in the saddle here, I might handle it.

Wish we could run up and see you all, but that seems impossible.
I feel guilty at any absence, and begrudge the time we take to go
to Mohonk. I would not do that if I did not think it necessary
to fight Bishop Walker and his ideas.

With love to Eunice, John, Lutie and all from all of us,

(Dictated)
N.

Mr. L. L. Mason,
Jamestown,
New York.

VOL. 31

VOL. 31

BLURRED TEXT

BLEED THROUGH

Richard Davis,

Arapaho, G County, Oklahoma.

My dear Richard:-

Your letters always do me good and that of the 18th of
September was no exception. I have been extremely busy and there
has been no special news to write you.

Our School is fuller than ever. We have had 826 pupils, but
are just now down to 804, as the Department ordered me to send the
Shawnees home recently.

I note what you say about the growth and better sentiments on
the Indian question, and believe all you say about ______ and ____.
My own experience both at long and short range confirms their
character and quality. Mr. Lincoln's well-known phrase: "You
can deceive all the people some of the time, and some of the people
all the time, but you cannot deceive all the people all the time,"
would seem to apply.

In regard to the carriage: our new wagons are somewhat heavier
than the old, and Concord springs have been added, and the body and
running gear made a little stronger. There are three seats,-- for
six persons. The cost is $70.00 F. O. B. here. And the cost of
the set of double harness, such as you want, would be $16.00, without
the coltars. I should be very glad to furnish both you and Little
Wolf with what you want.

With love to Nannie and the children from us all, as ever, I am,
(Migrated) N.

Faithfully your friend, R. H. Palk

253

251

Miss Julia M. Long,

Dear Julia:-

It is always a pleasure to me to receive your neatly written letters, and I was especially glad to know from your letter of the 9th how nicely you are getting along.

I am delighted to know that Dr. Frysinger is improving. Please give him our love.

Mrs. Pratt and I leave for Lake Mohonk tomorrow and will be away the rest of the week, and before I go many things need my attention.

The new laundry is beginning to have a finished look. The windows are in and the floor cemented, but it will be some little time before the machinery is in place. When it is finished it will be as fine a laundry as you can find in the country. The second story on the shops is growing, though the storm two weeks ago destroyed much the work done so far. We hope, however, to be under roof before the severe weather comes.

Mrs. Pratt and Nana join me in love for you and Dr. Seabrook.

VOL. 31

258

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa., October 14th 1896.

Lizzie Peters,

West DePere, Wisconsin.

Dear Lizzie:-

I am very glad to hear of your improved health, and trust
you may grow stronger each succeeding day. It is good too to know
that you look back to Carlisle with such pleasant memories and
interest.

Caroline is with Mrs. Deborah Pennell, Wawa, Delaware County, Pa. The records show that she has written her monthly letters regularly, and I do not understand why you have not heard from her. If you will write to her to the above address you will no doubt have a response from her.

The School is very full now and we are busy with our regular
winter work. The laundry is about complete and the second story on
the shops is growing, so that our industries will be well equipped
this year.

Last Sunday the Young Men's Christian Association held a Bible
Institute with meetings throughout the day for Bible study. They
had Mr. McKenzie from Philadelphia and Dr. Huber from Gettysburg
as instructors. They were very helpful. The King's Daughters
Circles are organized for the winter and are holding their meetings
regularly on Tuesday evenings after study-hour.

With kind remembrances for your parents and best wishes for you
always,

Your friend,

N.

259

Carlisle, Pa., October 16th 1896.

Mary S. Stallings,
1516 First Street,
Louisville, Ky.

Dear Madam:-

In reply to your letter of the 12th, I send you by this
mail a package of printed matter which will inform you in regard
to this School, and somewhat of the Indian work at large. If this
does not cover your desires, I shall be glad to reply to any
questions you may care to ask.

Yours very truly,

N.

VOL. 31

2601

Carlisle, Pa., October 19th 1896.

Miss Rosy Metoxen,

Freedom, Wisconsin.

Dear Rosy:-

Thank you for your neatly written and newsy letter of the
2nd.

I believe I wrote you that Nana and I had intended to stop at
Oneida on our way home from the west, but there was not time and so
we shall have to reserve that until some other time.

Amelia and Celicia are in at the School now and have begun
their regular study in the school room.

Everything moves on as usual, and as you have the news from
the Helper, I need not write you that.

Trusting that you may have a happy and helpful year, wherever
you may be, I am,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

262

Carlisle, Pa., October 20th 1896.

Major C. A. H. McCauley, Q. M., U.S. A.,

1428 Arch Street,
Philadelphia.

Sir:-

Replying to your letter of October 16th in reference to forage for my private horses, I have to respectfully advise you that when I came here in the fall of '79 I submitted my case to the Quartermaster in Philadelphia and having always kept the number of horses I was entitled to by my rank, I made regular requisition for forage and it was allowed. No question of my right to draw forage has ever been raised. My duties at this School have always made it important that I have horses of my own. I have never had any authority other than the customs of the service and the regulations. As this was a military post and station and still belongs to the War Department, as no formal transfer has ever been made, and being in charge of it, my right may have been based on that fact:

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

2635

Josie Vetter,

Rulo, Nebraska.

My dear Josie:-

As I have never been to your place and do not know by
observation the conditions of your people and the influences at
work against you, I am quite unable to advise you what is best for
you to do. It seems to me that your petition to the Commissioner
of Indian Affairs is all right and that it ought to bring you some
relief. It is an outrage constantly that the progressive Indians
are held back by the non-progressive everywhere. None are to be
admitted into the great United States family until all are ready,
that is the philosophy of it, and it works no end of wrong and injury
to the best interests of all the Indians; because if the progressive
ones could escape and show themselves capable, their action would
lead others to follow rapidly and soon the whole Indian system would
evaporate and there would be no need of purely Indian schools,
reservations, agents, etc., etc. Certainly you people who have been
surrounded by whites and who have learned to speak English and feel
comfortable and at home in close contact with the Whites, ought to
be among the first allowed these privileges. I am sorry, very sorry,
that I cannot give you some definite and better advise, but I cannot.

Faithfully your friend,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

265

Carlisle, Pa., October 21st 1895.

Rev. James Manual,

Albuquerque, New Mexico.

My dear Doctor:-

One of the sweetest and best little Christian women we
have turned out at this School is Annie Lockwood, who is now employ-
ed at Keams Canon. She is strongly tending toward this idea, and
has been for the last five years. I sent her home to New Mexico
and she was rather forced into the so-called normal school at Santa
Fe, where her surroundings were not wholesome, and after requiring
and receiving
her to endure it for sometime her pitcous appeals to return to
Carlisle and a letter from Miss Fisher, who had her under her
observation, I let her come back. She remained nearly two years
and then, though she was not appreciably worse she was no better,
and we concluded to place her under the genial influence of Mr. and
Mrs. Collins at Keams Canon, hoping she might rally and recover. She
has been there since the first part of last April, and I now have
from her the enclosed letter which is the first letter betraying any
dissatisfaction I have received from her. Miss Fisher, et Geno,
writes me of a letter she has from a Mrs. Huston at Keams Canon,
from which it would appear that Annie's condition requires a change.
Her influence everywhere is of the best. She is genial and happy
and thoroughly Christian; the question comes to me, why not give her
a trial in your school at Phoenix or Tucson. I have written her

VOL. 31

Rev. James Manual, page 2.

suggesting that she write you, but should you not hear from her and
see your way to give her a place, even though she only have her
board and keep, I would suggest you write her directly to Keams
Canon. She seems able to work and to make herself quite useful, but
needs the more cheerful surroundings, and I have no doubt the better
buildings.

(Diated)
N.

VOL. 31

266

267

Carlisle, Pa., October 21st 1996.

Miss E. L. Fisher,
Indian School,
Genoa, Nebraska.

My dear Miss Fisher:-

I have your letter in regard to Annie Lockwood, and also
have a letter from Annie, and have written her and Dr. Menal. My
impressions of Phoenix were very favorable, and if Annie could have
a place there with the bustle and life of the town, I believe it would
be as helpful to her as anything that could be done. I am so sorry
for it all, and from her letter and yours feel as though I were in
the presence of another great shadow. Little Annie has always been
especially near and dear to me.

Why Reuben Wolfe was employed at Genoa I do not know, I
certainly could not have recommended him.

How are you getting on? It seems a long time since I heard
from you.

(Dietated)
N.

VOL. 31

268

Carlisle, Pa., October 21st 1898.

Miss Annie Lockwood,

Keams Canon, Arizona.

My dear Annie:-

Your letter dated September arrived only yesterday. Where
it has been all this time I cannot imagine.

I am so sorry to hear of your ill health. Just what to recommend that is best for you to do, I do not know. You will of course find it necessary to rather take what you can get and do what you can without reference to pay until you get stronger. I was greatly pleased with Phoenix as a locality, especially for winter, and if Dr. Menzel, or those who have the matter in charge, can use you down there sufficient to pay your expenses, I believe for the present that would be the best thing for you to do. It is not wise to my mind for you to think of undertaking school again unless your health becomes quite staunch. I can well understand how your isolation and loneliness would in a measure affect your health, even though you be naturally so cheerful and happy. It would be different at Phoenix for there is quite a city and many things to interest you. Write to Dr. Menzel and ask him if he hasn't a place for you.

Mrs. Pratt and I have just returned from Lake Mohonk. We stop
ed in Philadelphia over Sunday with some of our friends and had a
pleasant outing.

This Saturday our boys play football with Yale on the great
Manhattan field in New York, and I am going to take Nana and we are

VOL. 31

269

to be the guests of Mr. and Mrs. Russell Sage. We hope to come
home with flying colors. Last Wednesday our team played with
Princeton at Princeton, and during the first half they won by 6 to
0, but in the second inning the Princeton men out-played our boys and
the final score was 22 to 6 in favor of Princeton. Next Saturday
we have a game with Harvard at Cambridge and in the early part of
November one with the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, so
you see we are playing with all the great universities and colleges
in the country. I wish you could see one of the games.

The new laundry building is complete and is just waiting for
the new machinery which will be placed soon. Then we shall have
about the finest laundry building in the country. The shocks are
also growing with their second stories, and by winter we hope to
have good quarters for our industries.

I trust, dear Annie, you will write me often and let me know
how you are and tell me if I can at any time help you.

With love from us all,

Faithfully your friend and school father,

(Dictated)

N.

VOL. 31

270

Carlisle, Pa., October 22nd 1896.

C. C. Rictowsewah,
Box 13, Versailles, N.Y.

Dear Charles:-

I have your letter of the 17th, and am glad to have your
assurance that you are getting along well and have found such a good
place. I trust you will make a success of your venture.

I have given your letter to Miss Purgess and she will send you
some papers. The Helper, you know, is only 10% a year and you had
better send that amount direct to Miss Purgess so that you can have
the paper regularly, and so will keep up with the news of the School.

All goes well with us here. The foot-ball boys are to leave
us tomorrow for New York City where they play foot-ball with the
Yale team. We hope they will make a good record in the game.

With best wishes for you always,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

271

Alice C. Leeds,

Albuquerque, N. M.

Mrs. Dr. Wroth.

Dear Alice:-

I have thought of you often since I saw you at Albuquerque last spring and I am very glad to receive your letter of the 10th. I feel proud of my Carlisle daughters who are making their way in Albuquerque, and I was especially happy to find them busy when I came upon them.

I send you a copy of "Stiya," as you wish. It is 50¢, and the
Helper, you know, is 10¢ a year, and you can send me these amounts
when you receive this letter. As you wish my photograph I send you
one also.

Thank you for the news you give of the returned Carlisle
pupils. I am always interested in what befalls them.

We had a visit from Mrs. Marie Anello Marmon two months ago. She brought in a party from Laguna, as you may know. We should be glad to have a visit from you sometime, and then you would see the many changes you have perhaps noticed in the little book. Carlisle is growing all the time. This year we have a new laundry and the shops are being enlarged, so that our industries will be in good quarters.

With love for you and my other daughters in Albuquerque, I am,
Your friend and school father,

N.

VOL. 31

272

Josiah J. George,
Indian School,
Chemawa, Oregon.

Dear Josiah:-

I had heard through other sources of your arrival at Chemawa, but am glad to now have your letter of the 11th telling me of your work, and happiness in it. I hope your plans and desires for your band may be realized, and that you will indeed have reason to feel that it is one of the best bands in the state of Oregon.

Many of the best members of our band last year have left us, and Dennison has had some very crude material to work upon, but he is bringing them up and they are doing remarkably well now, considering the short time since they were organized in the fall.

Nana and I go to New York tomorrow to see the football game between our team and Yale on Saturday at the great Manhattan field. We are to be the guests of Mr. and Mrs. Russell Sage, and hope to be able to rejoice over the record of the game. Last Wednesday we scored 6 points against Princeton, though their victory was 22, all of which points were made in the second inning, while our points were gained in the first half of the game.

All goes well with us at Carlisle, and we join in sending you and Betty our best wishes.

N.

VOL. 31

273.5

Arthur Twostrikes,
St. Frances Mission,
Rosebud Agency, S. D.

Dear Arthur:-

I am very glad to hear from you after so long a silence.
I always follow my old pupils with great interest and want to know
just how they are getting on. I am pleased to know that you have
something to do, and have such a nice little family.

Carlisle has grown very much since you were here. I send you
a souvenir illustrating the school. You know we believe in Marching
on, and each year we try to go higher. This year we have added a
fine new laundry building, which is as good a laundry as you would
find anywhere, and are now enlarging the shops, so that our
industries are well equipped.

I have directed Miss Burgess to send you the Indian Helper,
which will give you all the school news, and you can send her 10¢ for
it.

We have a good football team this year, and I am just about
to leave for New York where our boys will play with Yale on Saturday
at the great Manhattan field. Last week they played with Princeton,
and next week they play with Harvard and later with the University
of Pennsylvania and other large colleges and Universities.

Your nieces Mattie Eagle Elk is out in the country under our
cutting system, and though she has not learned much English yet she

VOL. 31

27475

Arthur Twostrikes, page 2.

is getting on well. I shall do all that I can to advance her.

With best wishes for you and regards to your wife, I am,

Your friend,

N.

John H. Bradbury, Inspector, etc.,

79 Wooster Street,

New York,

My dear Mr. Bradbury:-

My boys will be at the Ashland House on 4th Avenue and somewhere near 24th Street, about 9 o'clock tomorrow, Friday, evening, and my Mr. Thompson will be in charge. He is instructed to provide six tickets for your uses at the Warehouse, if someone can see him either tomorrow evening or Saturday morning. While we hope to win the game there is of course a good deal of doubt, but our boys are putting up a strong game and I am glad to know, so far are gentlemanly about it.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

275

Carlisle, Pa., October 22nd 1898.

Mr. Robert P. Walker,

110 Deerborn Street,
Chicago, Illinois.

My dear Mr. Walker:-

Seeing your picture in the paper I am reminded that I have intended to write you for so many days, to say to you that knowing your special interest it might happen in your way to meet my old friend, Captain Thomas H. McKee, who has a good deal to do about Republican Headquarters in Chicago. If you should meet him, mention me and you will find his heart will open. The Captain has been one of the wheel-horses in the campaign work for a decade or two and is really entitled to more consideration than he receives.

I am glad to feel from all my reading that you are going to end Atgeld in Illinois. It seems to me as though no campaign in the history of the country has ever had as many demigues as this one, nor did they ever get so far to the front.

My daughter and I have constant reminiscences of our delightful trip, and especially of that portion in the Park.

We trust if you ever come this way you will surely stop and visit us.

With cordial greetings from us both to you and your family, I am,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

276

Miss Mary E. Dissette,
Sante Fe, New Mexico.

My dear Miss Dissette:-

Your letter of the 23rd of September has remained unanswered so long because of the great pressure of work upon me and an absence of nearly a week at the Indian Conference at Mohonk. I am just back now.

The death of Miss Hamilton has been widely mourned. She was a great loss to us. Mrs. Hamilton is with her sister in Minneapolis, Minnesota, at #823 Twenty-second Avenue, South. I am sure a letter from you will comfort her.

I believe your stand in regard to your work was right, and I trust it will have the good results you desire. Your long years of service will count for much so far as your work goes, and I hope it will in the matter of your appointment, though that is one of the inconsistencies of the methods of Civil Service, which is calculated to fill the service with inexperienced workers instead of those who have the test of trial back of them. I wish you all success in your labors, and with your spirit I am sure you will have it.

The copies of the Red Man you desired have been sent you, and I hope your efforts to change the time-honored public opinion of your locality may bear fruit.

My daughter and I spent a day in Sante Fe while on our western trip and I learned then of the opposition to the use of the

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 31

Miss Mary E. Dissette, page 2.

old post for an Indian School. Aside from this opposition there
seems no reason why the buildings should not be used for Indian
school purposes, and be good accommodations. Sante Fe itself, how-
ever, is so non-progressive and there are so many idle leafers on
the streets that there would be little encouragement for a school
in the surroundings. What the Indians need is to get out into the
bustle and life of industry and made to feel that they must be a
part of it. I count the busy life around a school, the farmer on
the hillside plowing, the trains coming and going, the factories,
and all the bustle of commerce with their lessons of thrift, of the
greatest importance in Indian education. You theorize industry into
a man when there is nothing about him to illustrate it. Besides
the text book and good regime of the school, there must be to complete
the full preparation for life, many unconscious influences growing
up for inspiration within the man. And then to give the Indian the
courage of civilization he must be made to feel that he is needed
in our life and we must receive him into our homes.

With cordial greetings,

Faithfully yours,

N.

VOL. 31

277

278

Rev. E. A. Watson,
Yates and Ontario Sts.,
Albany, N. Y.

My dear Sir:-

I shall be very glad indeed to get your paper in exchange
for our Red Man and Helper, both of which I have ordered sent to you.

While I am in fullest sympathy with the spirit and purpose of
your paper, and am opposed in every way to the encroachments and
purposes of the Papal power in America, I have always felt that it
would be better for me not to be personally and directly allied to
the organizations fighting our battles so manfully, for the reason
that I am in the Government service which should not recognize one
church more than another. It would be unwise for me to prepare an
article for your paper, but I send you a magazine containing an
article submitted to and corrected by me before publication, and other
documents and information, which being public property you can easily
adapt in your own way. I have instructed my printer to loan you
several cuts.

In regard to the girl to help at your home: we have rules
against placing our girls in cities, and then, too, they must be
within reach of our districts for supervision. We have three times
as many applications for girls as we can supply, and it does not
seem at all practicable under our rules for me to send you one. Then

VOL. 31

Rev. E. A. Watson, page 2.

the girls are placed out in the spring time and when they remain
through the winter, as some do, it is obligatory that they be sent
to school, and this does not work very well except in country places

Very truly yours,

(Dictated)
N.

Mr. Antonio Apache,
Phillips Exeter Academy,
Exeter, Vt.

Dear Antonio:-

I enclose herewith my check for $23.65 covering your
statement of expenses to Mohonk, which please receipt and return.

Mrs. Pratt and I returned Monday afternoon, and tomorrow my
daughter Nana and I go to New York to see the game between our team
and Yale on the Manhattan field on Saturday. We shall be the guests
of Mr. and Mrs. Russell Sage, and hope to rejoice over the record
of the game. Look out for the papers!

Trusting that your year may grow in benefit to you, and with
greetings from us all,

N.

VOL. 31

280

Carlisle, Pa., October 28th 1896.

Mr. John R. Spears,

The Sun,

New York.

My dear Mr. Spears:-

I have delayed answer to your letter for about twenty-four
hours, hoping we should hear from Mr. McCormick. Mr. McCormick was
our first and best friend in football and has been staunch in his
loyalty to us throughout. He selected Mr. Hickok for us this year,
and we do not feel like closing out with Mr. Hickok until we have
full conference with him. I may say in justification of your views
that our boys have practically lost faith in Mr. Hickok as a friend
to their cause and their practice is lifeless compared with what it
was before our trip. Unquestionably the team is strong and in Mr.
McCormick's hands with one-half the time for training I think would
sweep the field. Mr. McCormick comes over about once a fortnight to
see how the boys get on.

We have all read and I have read to the boys the various royally
in the line
good notices, both editorial and other, and they have made our
hearts glad and strong. The boys fight Harvard next Saturday and
on the 7th of November the University of Pennsylvania, on the 14th
cin
the University of Cincinnati in Cincinnati, and on Thanksgiving Day the
Pennsylvania State College at Williamsport. We have been negotiating
with LaFayette since our return from New York for Thanksgiving Day

VOL. 31

281

Mr. John R. Spada, page 2.

in New York provided we can buy off the State College, but just have
not today that the Lafayette faculty rule against it. However, a
very prominent athletic authority telegraphs for us to hold on and
let him undertake Lafayette. We think our second team would
give State College as much as they could do.

The boys are very willing to meet any one of the great teams
in New York on Thanksgiving Day if they can make shift with State
College. Brown University telegraphed asking for the 14th, but
we have contracted irrevocably with Cincinnati for that date.

Please say to our many friends in your Office that we appreciate
in the highest manner the hono· and support they have given to us,
and the boys say so long as the public will referee their game so
fairly as they have they will fight the campaign out to the finish,
whatever may be the partisan conclusions of referees and umpires
acting on the field. That the Sun is read largely is evidenced by
the fact that I have had nine marked copies sent me from different
sections of the country, and we have had many valued letters.

In view of your contemplated article on Carlisle I think I
ought to tell you that this morning my Disciplinarian received a
letter from a brother-in-law who is connected with the Cosmopolitan
Magazine asking him on behalf of the New York Journal to send
sample photographs of Carlisle, the buildings and students, etc.,
and full printed matter for an article for the Sunday edition, and
the correspondent of the Journal in Carlisle came out with a tele-
gram from his paper a couple of hours ago requiring him to give full
photographs of the muscular developements of the best players on the
team.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

282

Mr. Charles Edward Patterson.

Grand Central Station,

New York.

My dear Mr. Patterson:-

My Manager has received a proposition from Brown to play on the 14th. That is quite impracticable. Our boys play the University of Cincinnati at Cincinnati on that date and are bond by such a contract as to make it impossible to shift. Indeed their dates, excepting the 21st, are all full, and the only hope for a game with Brown would be by shifting. Before your letter was received friends in New York connected with the Sun and with the athletic management of the Manhattan field urged us to make a game with LaFayette on Thanksgiving. On the strength of these urgings my Manager telegraphed LaFayette proposing the game in New York on Thanksgiving provided we are able to buy off State College, with whom a game is arranged for that date. LaFayette just answers that the faculty rules against it, but an eminent authority in these matters wires us to make no other arrangements until he sees further. Should we be unable to make a game with LaFayette our boys would be glad to satisfy their friends in New York by playing with any of the University teams if satisfactory arrangements can be made.

My Mr. Thompson was at your talk in Brooklyn on last Sunday

VOL. 31

284

Carlisle, Pa., October 29th 1896.

Mr. John R. Spears,

Sun Office,

New York.

My dear Mr. Spears:-

I forgot to say in my letter yesterday that I gave your
messages to Jameson, Cayou and Lone Wolf, and the team as a whole,
and they are all greatly pleased and thank you for your appreciation
of their efforts. Confidentially, between you and me, one of the
biggest men on the team has not yet been noticed in the press, except-
ing in Harper's Weekly, and that is Martin Wheelock. If we get another
chance in New York the football critics will probably size him up as
at least equal with any on the team. He is a very quiet, retiring,
modest fellow, but on the field he is as certain as any and not less
powerful. We have a second team that looms up strong enough to
meet the ordinary college team, and in practice last night there was
better playing than we have witnessed before, even better, we
thought, than that on Manhattan field.

Our boys have a distinctive yell, viz: "Hello! Hello! Who are
we?" (Repeat three times) "Indians - CARLISLE." They did give it
at the end of the game on Saturday but there was so much confusion
that it probably was not noticed. They usually begin the game with
the yell. Why they didn't in New York, I do not know. Our boys one
and all, as well as Mr. Thompson, who was on the side line, disclaim

VOL. 31

287

Carlisle, Pa., October 31st 1896.

Dear Cousin Lottie:-

I send you herewith my check for $35.00 covering Mother's
keep for the month of November. Please acknowledge receipt.

As you will probably notice by the Helper, Nana and I spent
a few days in New York last week. We went up to see the football game,
and were delightfully entertained by friends. Our boys played a good
game and have excited much favorable comment everywhere. Today they
play Harvard.

The day is glorious without, and our building is going on well.

Laura and the children join me in love for you, Aunt Abby and
all our other relatives in Delta.

Your cousin,

N.

VOL. 31

289

Carlisle, Pa., November 2nd 1896.

Col. J. Evarts Greene,
Worcester, Mass.

My dear Sirs:-

I have read with very great interest and satisfaction your pamphlet on our dealings with the Indians, and thank you for sending it to me. If you could spare me five other copies I should be very glad to have them for special use for the files of our libraries here. Slowly but surely the truth about the Indians and their possibilities seems to be working its way up through the error born of injury and hatred in which it has been buried so long. I feel hopeful that the next four years may do as much and more for the Indians as all the past has done.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

290

Dr. Lyman Abbott,
110 Columbia Heights,
Brooklyn, N. Y.

My dear Doctor:-

I enclose to you a copy of an address by Mr. Greene, who, I believe, was once Editor of the Worcester Spy and Postmaster of Worcester, perhaps is yet Postmaster. I found it here on my return from New York, together with a note from Mr. Greene telling me that he was at the last moment asked to fill a gap in the proceedings of the Antiquarian Society and allowed to choose his subject, and that he wrote the paper very hastily. The closing paragraphs are so much in line with your and my thought that we might suggest that those having the selecting of the next Commissioner look him over. I have met him three or four times at Mohonk, but beyond that I know nothing of him. I believe he is in that Tammany of Indian management masquarading under the name of "Indian Rights Association," but it is high time that Association were choked off from its supremacy in bossing and critising and compelled to shoulder real responsibility for some of the work it assumes to know so well how to do.

What a glorious day! How I hope for as grand a day tomorrow so that we may have the largest vote ever polled and the dangerous doctrines of Bryan buried so deep that they may never see daylight again.

 Cordially and faithfully yours,
 (Dictated) N.

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa., January 4th 1897.

Edwin Star,

Cantonment, Oklahoma Territory.

Dear Edwin:--

I regret to hear of your bad condition, but it is nothing more than I expect as long as Indians remain together depending upon the Government for support. You have the knowledge and ability to strike out for yourself independent of the Government and make your living, and if a man will work faithfully he can get employment. I would like to see you assert your manhood and leave the miserable conditions you speak of.

All goes well with us here at Carlisle. We have passed a delightful holiday season, with many good entertainments. The girls society and the boys debating societies gave two good debates, accounts of which you will see in the Helper and Red Man.

We have a fine new laundry building and the shops have been greatly enlarged this fall, so that our industries are now well equipped.

With best wishes for you, I am,

N.

VOL. 31

427
424

Lillie Payne,

Virita, Indian Territory.

Dear Lillie:—

Your letter of the 18th of December was most welcome, and I am happy to know that you look back to Carlisle with such affection. I am glad, also, to know that you are going on with your schooling, and trust that you will accomplish all you desire.

All goes well with us here at Carlisle. We have had a happy holiday season, with many pleasant entertainments, and today we take up the school room work again. The Sunans gave an interesting entertainment in the assembly room one of the evening of last week, and New Years evening the boys had their inter-society debate, which was well contested. You will have full accounts of these meetings in the Helper and Red Man. Early last week we had good skating on the creek, but now the weather has moderated and the ice has left us.

Please give my greetings to all the old Carlisle students, and with love for Fleety and yourself, and the wish that I may hear from you now and then, I am,

 faithfully your friend,

Mr.

VOL. 31

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE,
OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT

Carlisle, Pa., January 4th 1896.

C. W. Humphreys,

Lancaster, South Carolina.

My dear Sir:-

Replying to yours of the 23rd of December, I have to
advise you that my long experiences show me unmistakably that it
is a misfortune for the Indians to be under the care of the Govern-
ment or of religious bodies, that the disposition to segregate them
and prevent their disintegrating and getting out into the country
to
at large as individuals; and relieve them from the great edict
promounced against man in the beginning to get his bread by the sweat
of his face, is the foundation of all his calamities. I would not
be at all in favor of the Government's buying a reservation for
the Catawbas or congregating them even under the best of church
management. If you will take my advise, you will by every means in
your power persuade and induce the Indians to venture out from
their barren tract and their starvation moral and intellectual
surroundings into the activities of America.

(Dictated)
N.

427
426

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 6th 1897.

Henry C. Roman Nose, Cheyenne Chief,
Watongy, O. T.

My dear friend:-

I do not know what to say about your visiting the east
now. There is so much of change of all kinds in the air, that I
doubt if it would be any satisfaction to you to come until some-
time in the spring after the new President has taken his place. It
seems now as though a new Congress will be called together soon
after the 4th of March, and unless you come in to stay sometime I
would hardly think your coming worth while until after the new
Congress convenes. If you could come on so as to be present at our
Commencement, the 24th and 26th of February, and stay over until the
new Congress meets it would be very nice. It would cost you a
good deal of money to remain in Washington, but I will be very glad
to take care of your party here without expense to you as long as
you can stay.

(Dictated)
N.

428

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 6th 1997.

Mr. Henry S. Penfield,

5757 Madison Avenue,
Chicago, Illinois.

Dear Henry:-

I am glad to know that you went to the game our boys played in Chicago, and that you all enjoyed it so thoroughly. We undertook the game with the greatest reluctance, and only after the strongest urgency from our friends. It was a long trip for the boys, and expensive, and out of the regular football season. However, they won large laurels for themselves, and I believe have changed the opinions of many of the westerners in regard to the Indians. I am still receiving letters of praise for the gentlemanly conduct and good playing of the boys, and we feel satisfied to have broken the record of your most victorious western team. Your Athletic Club has been very urgent that we should play with them, and set New Year's Day for the time, but we could not meet them this year.

The boys spoke of your call at the Palmer House.

If in your travels you ever come near Carlisle, I hope you will stop and make us a visit.

We all join in sending you and Caddie and the children our love and best wishes for the New Year.

Your affectionate uncle,

N.

429

VOL. 31

4323

Mr. Frank W. Ober, page 2.

for the present at least, that it is best for me not to undertake to
write anything for you, and let time develop, as I feel sure it will,
that I am right.

I assure you I have great interest in the Y. M. C. A., and am
pleased that you think me able to write anything of value to your
cause.

Thanking you for the appreciative notices of our football team,
I am,

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

433

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 7th 1907.

American Horse,

Pine Ridge Agency, S. D.

My dear friend:-

Your letter of December 24th is before me. Although I
cannot certainly tell you, there is every indication that Mr.
McKinley will call the new Congress soon after his inauguration
the 4th of March, and that, as there will probably be important
measures brought up, the session will last into the summer, so that
your wish to come on to Washington in about three months can be
carried out. I do not know about your business, but if your claim
is just you can probably have it favored.

We have our Commencement on the 24th and 26th of February, and
I should be very glad if you could so arrange to be here at that time. It might be a little early for you, but you could stay at Carlisle a week and go down to the inauguration if you cared to.

Your friend,

Capt. 10th Cavalry., U.S.A., Supt.

N.

VOL. 31

135

434

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa.; January 7th 1897.

Miss Luzena Chouteau,
% Bryant & Stratton Business College,
Chicago, Illinois.

Dear Luzena:-

Your enthusiastic letters of the 16th and 31st of
December reached me in due time, and they have been laid aside for
answer until now only because of the very busy times we have had.

The boys spoke of seeing you in Chicago, and I am very glad you
had so much enjoyment and satisfaction out of their visit. They
have indeed won large laurels for themselves. I have received
innumerable letters from western people who saw the game and have
great praise for the gentlemanly conduct and good playing of the
boys. The night of the game we were all excitement and anxiety
here. A party of us waited here in the office until after midnight
and resolved the score at different times as the game progressed,
over the telephone, and after the game I talked with Mr. Thompson
and Mr. Flemming, and when we knew the final result we were able to
go to bed and to sleep. At about half past eleven o'clock we
were told that the game would be over in ten minutes and that the
score was then 12 to 6 in our favor. The ten minutes stretched out
into an hour and we feared for the result, but when it came it was
quite satisfactory.

We hope to improve on our playing next year and make even a
better showing than we have this year. The experiences in our

VOL. 31

435 6

gives this fall have taught us many things, and we hope to have especially good coaching.

I am glad to see that you keep up with the events of the day. History is being made very rapidly now.

I am pleased, also, to know that you are planning to be with us at Commencement time the last of February. We shall always be ready to welcome you to Carlisle.

We all join in sending you our best wishes for the new year.

Faithfully your friend,

N.

In reply to

Carlisle, Pa., January 7th 1897.

Chas. C. Caudy,

Spalding Bicycles, etc.,

Chicopee Falls, Mass.

My dear Sir:-

I have yours of the 6th promising my wheels in a week or ten days, which will be satisfactory.

I should have mentioned to you in my former letter that I am using 2 in. tire, which might make a difference in your repairs.

(Dictated)
N.

VOL. 31

120

436

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 8th 1897.

A. J. Harder, Sec.
211 West 4th Street,
Williamsport, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

From present indications I begin to feel that we may think seriously of a concert in Williamsport. Our music is pulling up. I will now say that by the 7th or 14th of March, fifteen to twenty of our pupils can go to Williamsport and give an entertainment similar to the one we gave before the Methodist Conference. For one entertainment we should have not less than $50.00 and our expenses, and repeated it would be another $50.00.

(Dietated)
N.

VOL. 31

120
438

<table><tr><td>In reply to:</td></tr></table>

Carlisle, Pa., January 9th 1927.

Miss Rosy Metoxen,

Sagole, Freedom, Wisconsin.

Dear Rosy:-

Your newsy letter of December 15th has awaited answer
until now because of the great pressure of work I have had upon me.

I trust the New Year has begun happily for you and will
continue so throughout the year.

We had a delightful time here during the holidays. There was
good skating on the creek and the boys and girls went there during
the day, when they were not busy, and in the evening we had different
entertainments. The Susans gave a public meeting in the Assembly
Hall and the boys had an intersociety debate, which was very
interesting, and accounts of which you will see in the Helper and
Red Man. Then we had Edison's wonderful invention, the Projectoscope
one afternoon, a lecture on Gettysburg, one evening, and the usual
Christmas sociable:

With good wishes for you always,

Your friend,

N.

VOL. 31

440

To supply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 14th, 1897.

Dr. A. Rittenhouse,
Supt. M.E. Hospital,
Broad & Wolfe Sts., Philadelphia.

My dear Doctor:-

I hope to see you soon and will give you the situation about our finances, and we can then conclude.

We have in our graduating class this year a most capable and promising girl, Lizzie Hill. She has robust health and is strong in character. She wishes to take the training to be a nurse, and I have thought of the place Julia Long will make vacant with you, for Lizzie. Can you encourage me and Lizzie in hoping that she will be accepted in your Training Class?

N.

VOL. 31

441

January 14th 1897.

Mr. Chas. W. Ford, Treas.,
First Congregational Sunday School,
North Adams, Mass.

My dear friend:-

Your letter of January 11th with its enclosure of check for $35.00, being the amount of your collection for 1996 for this School, is before me, and I thank you heartily in behalf of the School for your continued help and your good wishes.

As a School we are marching forward. We have our full quota of students, - just 600,- and have better facilities for our industries than ever before, as we have enlarged our shop building and erected a fine new laundry.

Our Commencement takes place February 24th and 25th, and we should be happy to have you and any representatives from our faithful friend, the First Congregational Sunday School of North Adams, Massachusetts, with us then.

VOL. 31

I am sorry, but I cannot recognize any text in the image provided. The image is too blurry and abstract to contain legible characters.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE

OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 13, 1897.

Mrs. Morton H. Davis,

2 West Fremont Street,
Worcester, Mass.

Dear Madam:-

I send you a copy of the New England Magazine, which
gives quite a full account of the school up to the time it was
written. In reference to other questions not answered by that
I would say, that we have an even eight hundred students at this
time, coming from almost sixty different tribes. At present,
our students mostly come from other Government schools, but such
schools are on the reservations. Now and then we get a regular
untutored pupil from the camp.

The idea of Carlisle has always been to prepare the Indian
for independent, self-helpful citizenship, and not to remand him
to the tribe; but the Government is not yet ready for that. We
have had over three thousand students in all, and almost all of
those have returned to their tribes, something over two hundred
remaining out in the East. Of those who go back there is seldom
one who returns to the old nomadic life, but, of course, being on
the reservation and with the tribe they are at once swallowed up
in the general tribal affairs.

VOL. 31

Mrs. Morton H. Davis.

We have daily religious instruction through reading of Scrip-
ture and prayers morning and evening, and the duties and necessity
for Christian living are never set aside in our instruction. On
Sunday we have Sunday school in the morning, preaching in the after-
noon, and Prayer and Praise Meeting in the evening; besides meeting
of the King's Daughters Circles and Y.M.C.A. Association.

If I can at any time add anything further, I should be very
happy to do so.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 15, 1897.

Wallace Peter Dick,
President Metzger College,
Carlisle, Pa.

My dear Doctor,

There will be some attendance from here to hear
Mr. Sprague, but I fear not many, for the reason that our own list
of amusements is pretty full, and everybody is feeling somewhat the
pressure of the times. You might send me a bunch of tickets and
I will do what I can.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carliels, Pa., January 18th 1897.

My dear Jim:-

I was sorry to hear from the boys that you did not see them play; more because it indicated that you are not as well as I had expected, than for any other reason. I was glad to send you the tickets.

Your Mother is just making an application for leave, intending to go to you on Monday next for ten days or two weeks. This will be some relief to you. It is a long, slow road that you have been traveling. We will not cease hoping that it will soon be over, and that, thereafter, your grand equipment for life's work will have full play. If remembrance of you, Jim, and hope and anxiety on your behalf, avail anything, you have had a full share of these from us all.

What you say of the mud baths really tempts me to visit them. I find myself not as supple and free from pain as I have generally been throughout life, and begin to feel that sleeping in the mud and slush, and standing the heat and cold in the field during the War, and on the plains since, are beginning to tell. At least, I have a strong conviction that a complete let up from the cares and anxieties here would give me something of a new start.

We are all generally very well indeed, so far this winter, and the School has had one of the most quiet and successful experiences of its career. We are having many more children than usual, over

447

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 13, 1897.

Dr. Ed. C. Mann,

68 West 131st Street,
New York,

My dear Doctor,

It is necessary for me to go tomorrow, Tuesday, to
Philadelphia, and to complete an operation on my nose which was
begun some weeks ago; but I expect to be back here Wednesday and
our folks will take good care of you until I come. Advise the train
you are on, and my conveyance will meet you in Carlisle.

(Diated)

Mc

VOL. 31

450

1

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 18, 1897.

Buffalomeat,

Omega, Okl.

My dear Friend,

I will see that your son has an early chance to go
to a good place in the country as you wish. I am glad you approve
of my way of putting my boys and girls out. It is the very best
way to learn English, and to learn farming and housework, and get
acquainted with the white people's ways, that I know of. I am glad
you put your other boy in school at Cheyenne. We must, all of us,
try to push our children higher, and give them a better start than
we had ourselves.

I wish it were possible for me to stand the expense of your
coming to see us, but it is not. I have so many calls upon me that
the money goes just as fast as I get it, and it requires a good
deal of watchfulness on my part to keep it from going faster.
Sometime I hope to visit you, and see your improvements, and to see
how you and my other Cheyenne friends are getting on. You do me
good when you tell me that you have kept my words and obeyed the
Government ever since you went home, and it also is a great satisfaction to know that your course has had the approval of the Government Officials, and brought you much needed help. I am sorry to hear
that Roman Nose, Cohoe, Star are not on the right track. Let us hope
that sooner or later they will see their wrong ways themselves, and
come back to the good way.

451

YALE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY

VOL. 31

453

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 16, 1897.

Estella T. Sittingbuar,

Kyle, S. Dsk.

My dear Estella,

I got your good letter, and am glad that you think
of Carlisle and write me. The five pictures you asked for are
very large, Miss Ely says they sell for 45c, but I will let you
have them for the same they cost us, that is 30c each. My picture
I am glad to enclose herewith. I have asked Miss Burges to send
you the "Helper". All goes very well with us, and we are getting
ready for Commencement as fast as we can. This year's class is
to be our largest, twenty-seven. I am sorry you have made up
your mind not to be of the Carlisle graduates. We all send love.

Faithfully your friend,

(Dictated)

Mo

BLURRED TEXT

VOL. 31

454

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 18, 1897.

Abraham R. Vail,
Quakertown, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I have your further letter in regard to the football
matter, and reciprocate in full all the kindly personal expressions
you make toward me. I do not see that I have anything to add to
my former letter. There are many things in this world that seem
to me to go wrong, and I am not, by any means, myself satisfied with
my own efforts to do what seems to me right and best. I do not
dissent from any of your views. Sometime I hope I may see you
and that we may have a chance to talk it out which would be far more
satisfactory.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 31

455

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 22, 1897.

Miss M.L. Logg,

Oakland, Philadelphia, Pa.

Dear Mary,

I have just received your good letter of the 20th, and I am entirely hopeful of your case. The fact that you are fighting against your difficulties, and that you understand them, is full evidence to me that you will win. I am sorry that it is not practicable for any of us to come down as you wish, and be present on the solemn occasion when you unite yourself with the Church.

There are many duties pressing upon me because of the nearness of Commencement, and then, too, the measles has broken out here. We have sixteen cases this morning, so that we are full of apprehension about the near future. In regard to your vaccination, I do not see how they can reject you in the school when trial has twice been made to vaccinate you. I think your superintendent will consider that and continue you. If not, Mrs. Austin had better write to me the full particulars.

Push on, push hard, never give up the ship.

Always faithfully your friend,

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 31

456

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR,
INDIAN SCHOOL SERVICE;
OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENT,

Carlisle, Pa. Jan. 23, 1897.

John Collins,

742 North 43rd St.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My esteemed Friend,

I thank you most heartily for your kindly letter of the 21st, and its appreciation of our position. It seems to me that we must never, any of us, forget that we are in the world, and must of necessity be of the world. The Lord, Himself, associated with publicans and sinners, the very people he came to help. If my foot-ball boys can behave better than the University boys, and set them an example, I can't for the life of me see why it is not entirely in accordance with the highest good, both of my boys and of the University boys, for them to run together and contest with each other.

Your beautiful card, and smooth and exceedingly plain letter, are an inspiration to us younger folks in favor of the well ordered and energetic living you have exampled to us. Unless I have objection I shall, with a little note of introduction, put your letter in the next Red Man.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 31

Carlisle, Pa. Jan. 22, 1897.

Prof. H.G. Buehler,

Hotchkiss School,

Lakeville, Conn.

My dear Mr. Buehler,

Our school generally was greatly interested in and entertained by your vivid photographs of the Battle of Gettysburg, and your excellent account of the same. You have special ability of speech, both in clearness of voice, and conciseness of narrative, which makes you particularly acceptable.

(Dictated)

Me

457

VOL. 31

459

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 22nd 1897.

J. P. Culbertson, Jr.,

Chambersburg, Pa.

My dear Mr. Culbertson:-

Your letter of the 21st is before me, and while we would
be glad to have you give one of your pleasing entertainments here
at the School, the conditions at present do not seem to favor my
considering it. We have several entertainments on hand for which
we hope to draw from the town, and are on the eve of our Commence-
ment with our time very full of preparations for that. Then we have
several cases of measles, which have multiplied in such a way as
to make us fear we may have an epidemic upon our hands shortly which
would revolutionize even the plans we already have. You will
understand from these reasons, I am sure, just why I hesitate to
undertake anything further. Should you come to Carlisle, I have no
doubt a few from the School would be at your entertainment,

N.

VOL. 31

460

<table><tr><td>In reply to.</td></tr></table>

Mr. Frank W. Ober, Managing Editor,
"Mon," 606 Association Building,
Chicago, Illinois.

My dear Mr. Ober:-

In reply to your letter of the 8th, answer to which has
been delayed by an absence from home, I send you by this mail a
package of printed matter which will give you quite fully the views
I hold in regard to the Y. M. C. A. work and Indian education and
management generally. Please read "Our Record on a 'Hobby,'" in
Vol. XIII No. 7 of the Red Mar.

I feel sure your desire to inform yourself fully on the subject
will lead you to see the right. The difficulty in the popular
sentiment about the Indians is that people accept, without investi-
gation, the pleasing, superficial judgments passed by those who are
not responsible and do not have the real work to do. There is a
tendency in much of that which comes before the public today, to
appear progressive, while there is in truth only retrogression, and
this is especially true in Indian matters. People catch at those
things that are labelled by those who create them "reform" and
"progress," with little thought upon their real methods, and so they
expand and flourish for a while, until Time, that truth leveler of
all things, shows up the falacies, and then only that which is right
lives. But my full meaning in this in regard to Indian matters

VOL. 31

463

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa. Jan. 26, 1907.

Charles W. Wasson,

Principal, School No. 9,

Elmira, N.Y.

My dear Sirs:

I thank you for your warm endorsement of my Civil Service article. Things have come to an issue, and I do not see how it is possible for me to endure the situation any longer. No more ambitious scheme could be inaugurated than the present one. The Civil Service fanatics have, however, yelled "stop thief" so long that the whole public is impregnated with the idea that every body having any Government position is a thief and a rascal, and not entitled to his opinions or the exercise of any function in selecting his helps. Both you and Chalcraft I know, Parker I do not know. I know well the present superintendent of Chemawa. You and Chalcraft are both far more capable and better men, morally, and in every way, for the position of Superintendent of Chemawa, than the present men who was once a teacher here. I do not know so much about your removal; but Chalcraft's was one of the most outrageous acts of the many that I know of.

(DICTATED)

No.

VOL. 31

464

OFFICE OF COMMISSIONER-GENERAL

Carlsbad, N. Y., Jan. 25, 1897

Mrs. Caroline S. Morgan,

Hotel Harsford, 181st St.,

New York City.

Dear Mrs. Morgan,

Since the receipt of your letter of the 23rd, I have taken the pains to look up some of my past correspondence and the records, from which I find that Gen. Morgan was, and claims that he was, an officer of the Indian Rights Association, influencing public opinion by his writing etc. In one letter to me he says that he is the corresponding secretary of the Providence Association, and is engaged in writing letters for newspapers, covering different parts of the Indian management.

You state that "in the second place, President Harrison and for him to go to Washington, and gave him his choice between the Commissionership of Education and that of Indian Affairs, expressing his own preference that he should take the latter because of his long acquaintance with him, etc." and also that "if Mr. Welch ever suggested Mr. Morgan for Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and placed the President with letters from the Indian Rights Association to his behalf, it was after this, for the President told him explicitly and unequivocally, when he asked him to take the office. That no one had mentioned his name, and that the action was entirely his own." My correspondence says that in December, '88, two months before President Harrison's inauguration, a number of prominent

VOL. 31

465

Mrs. C.S. Morgan.

-2-

people were urging Gen. Morgan for Commissioner of Education, and I have a letter which indicated that Gen. Morgan, himself, was not ignorant. It asked me to endorse Gen. Morgan to Gen. Harrison on the grounds that "Gen. Morgan served as an officer in the regiment commanded by Gen. Harrison, has enjoyed his esteem and friendship ever since, and we have reason to believe that Gen. Harrison will gladly make the appointment if he can be assured that he will be acceptable to well known educational men." My correspondence also shows that both individuals and branch associations connected with the Indian Rights Association, and the Women's National Indian Association, solicited my opinion, stating that they had been called upon to write letters endorsing certain persons for Commissioner, Gen. Morgan being, conditionally, one of them, it being urged that Mr. Oberly should be retained as a Civil Service measure, but if not retained, Gen. Morgan was to be the man.

I take the trouble to write you these points, Mrs. Morgan, to show to you that I was not mistaken in my statements. With regards to the General,

(Diated)
Mc

VOL. 31

467

Mrs. O.R. Lowell,

-3-

I do not know. These positions have only been under Civil Service since the President's latest order in March last. The persons to be displayed were in the service of the school before that, but only as irregular helps. They were continued as irregular until the first of July when I nominated them, regular, and my nominations were approved temporarily. I am now notified that the temporary approval ends, and that the Civil Service will fill these positions. If competition for the places is open here, and those already in employ are given a chance, and if literary qualification (which seems to be about the only one the Civil Service Commission looks after) covers in this case, as in other cases, the best of the two washer women I now have would stand no chance, because she can neither read nor write.

You ask me if I have made any official complaint to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs and to the Civil Service Commission. I believe that I have done my duty in full in that respect, else I should not have adopted the course I have, which would be so full of dire results to me personally. I will say to you, confidentially that the situation is so oppressive, there is so much duplicity in it all, and so much that the country ought to know which seems to me cannot be reached in any other way very well, that I should welcome a court-martial on charges of "conduct against good order and military discipline," as you intimate, which would open the whole question and give me a fair chance.

I thank you for writing to me personally, and if I have not answered your questions as completely as you wish, I will be glad to write again.

(Dated) Mo

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan., 25, 1897.

Charles O. Candy,
Spalding Bicycles, etc.,
Chicago Falls, Mass.

Dear Sirs,

Your letter of the 5th promised my wheels in a week or
ten days, but they have not yet reached me. I can exercise in our
large gymnasium every day with my wheel, notwithstanding the weather.

VOL. 31

469

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 22, 1897.

W.J. Beaky, P.A., Middle District,

111 South 9th St.,

Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

Yours of the 25th and enclosure received. I thank you heartily for this favor, and am sorry, indeed, to have been so much trouble. I have sent the document to my daughter at Denver, and if it does not suit her to come before the 15th of February, she will return it to me for the modification.

Very truly yours,

Capt. 10th Cav'y., Sept.

(Dictated)

Mc

VOL. 31

470

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., Jan. 26, 1897.

J. R. Wood, G. P. A.,
Philadelphia, Pa.

My dear Sir:-

I verbally thanked you for your kindness in favoring
me for my daughter, Chicago to Harrisburg, and return to Chicago. As
they came by mail, the same have been received and forwarded.

(dictated)

M

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 26th 1897.

Charles F. Reserve, A. M.,
President Shaw University,
Raleigh, N. C.

Dear Sirs:

In reply to your letter of the 23rd, I have to advise you
that your Ms. was sent to Mrs. Barrows with the first proofs we
made, and we have not seen them since.

471

VOL. 31

In reply to:

My dear Marion:-

There was quite a hitch about the document from the Rock Island Road, and I have only this morning received it. I enclose Mr. Leahy's letter. You can go to the Agent in Denver, and if "February 15th" is too early, and you cannot get him to issue you a ticket that will suit you, return the order to me for the change of date, as Mr. Leahy suggests. It seems to me that the 15th of February will be late enough. It will take you three days to come in, and if you stop and make Augusta a visit, you will not get here much before the end of February. The transportation over the Pennsylvania Railroad is good for any time during '97. Your visit to Augusta will have to be a side trip from Pittsburg to Youngstown and return to Pittsburg, for which you will have to buy yourself a ticket. I enclose a ticket from Harrisburg to Carlisle.

The matter of the tickets of course you will confine to yourself and Guy.

I enclose you my check for $25.00.

I am sorry that the outlook is not good for a booming Commencement this year. Change of administration attracts great attention, and will largely prevent the presence of Congressmen. The messes make it necessary to put off our exercises until the middle of March.

This change will have a material influence. My relations with the Department are exceedingly strained. Indeed, such in the situation that I have sometimes thought that a very quiet Commencement will be best for us.

With love from us all, Affectionately,
(Dictated) Nana

472

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Confidential

Carlisle, Pa. Jan. 27, 1897.

Mr. R.H. Warner,

Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Warner,

I so fully detest Buffalo Bill Shows, that I
should with the greatest reluctance enter into any arrangement, even
in an Inaugural Parade, where I was to be a joint part of the Exhi-
bition, and they another part. If they were in a remote part of the
Parade, it would be different. I fully sympathize with the largest
and most varied coming together of Reservation Indians, whether
nomads, half-civilized, school or other. I think it well that the
Government be entirely separated from any private show enterprise.
I am not in sympathy with the education of the Indian and Negro to-
gether, and the misinformation that goes out along that line from
Hampton Institute ought to be suppressed. Nor am I in sympathy
with the contract institute (Lincoln University) over in Philadel-
phia. I know what both these schools are doing better than even
the Department does, and how artfully they manipulate their cause.
Joint participation with them, therefore, would not be congenial
to me, and yet I would not say that I would stay away if they were
present. I simply would not want to be identified with them. I
believe you can understand my position, and I think it best to let
you know my feeling, but desire that you keep this entirely a matter
between us. I am simply against those things that have worked against
me here all these years, and which have, as I know well, been detri-
mental rather than helpful.

474

VOL. 31

477

Carlisle, Pa., January 28th 1897,

Mrs. Isabel Spencer Freeland,
2127 West Dauphin Street,
Philadelphia.

Dear Mrs. Freeland:-

On account of an epidemic of measles, which began in the School last week and which seems likely to bother us for sometime, I have felt it necessary to postpone our Commencement exercises, and to leave the date unsettled until we see the outcome of the malady.

On Wednesday evening of our Commencement week, I always have what I call a class meeting, where different prominent guests are asked to speak, giving five to ten minutes to each speaker. I should be very glad, if it is convenient for you to be present on the date when fixed, to have you talk to us for ten minutes, and I would cover your expenses in coming to Carlisle and your entertainment while here, if you did this.

Miss Shaffner has just told me of your staunch advocacy of Carlisle and its system, and I thank you most heartily for it, and I would be glad to have you come and stay long enough to see exactly what we are doing.

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 29th 1897.

Mrs. Charles Russell Lowell,
120 East 30th Street,
New York.

Dear Madam:-

I thank you for your letter of the 27th, and am greatly
obliged that you will write Mr. Proctor and urge that I be court-
martialed. Push that matter as hard as you can. Since I suggested,
inaugurated, built up and have managed the School for over 17 years,
and have begged and expended on its improvement more than $100,000.
from charitable resources, I do not feel that I can voluntarily lay
down my work, but I have been ready and willing to be kicked out for
more than two years past.

Some few months ago I flatly disobeyed a peremptory order from
my superior officer in the Indian Office, knowing that it might lead
to a court-martial and thus give me a chance to expose the rottenness
of the Civil Service methods, or at least relieve me from Indian
duty and these intolerable conditions. You can understand what it
was for an Army Officer of more than 35 years service to do this.
The Office was determined that I should keep a most objectionable
teacher, and peremptorily ordered me to place her on duty. This I
refused to do. The Indian Office asked the Secretary that I be
relieved and sent to my regiment, but the Secretary of the Interior,
after a farcical examination, notified the Indian Office that in his

VOL. 31

479

Mrs. Chas. Russell Lowell, page 2.

judgment my act did not warrant my removal.

I can show fully as great and proportionately more numerous
wrongs committed under Civil Service, more violent removals of
faithful and long-tried public servants in the Indian service, than
can be shown under the so-called "spoil system." The idea that one
man in Washington can himself, and in his absence through his clerks
entirely, select just the 2000 and more persons to fit in here and
there throughout the whole Indian school service, from Washington
to Florida and Maine to Mexico, is preposterous. The plan that by
technical, literary examinations school employes, or any other
employes for the Government are best to be found, is equally absurd.
That sort of thing may suit cranky educators, seeking to exalt
their profession and monopolize power, but it will be ruinous to the
country. The philosophy of its operation is absolute centralization
which is utterly repugnant to our American free system. How I can
be held responsible for anything that occurs at Carlisle when I am
not to have the slightest voice in selecting and adjusting my
employes is inexplicable. There is no more conspicuous and
inveterate office seeker in the country than "Teddy Roosevelt," and
Mr. Herbert Welsh follows close after. The facts are that Civil
Service is simply a scheme of one set of politicians to overthrow
another set, and personal experience with both sets convinces me
that there is just as much patriotism, righteousness and right
government among so-called "spoilsmen," as there is among so-called
"reformers."

Since my letter to you, I have received notice that Miss Mead
of New York has been appointed Assistant Seamstress, vice Miss Laura
Wetzel, who has been in my employe for more than a year past, and

VOL. 31

480

Mrs. Chas. Russell Lowell, page 3.

is one of my most efficient and faithful assistants. I do not know,
nor does anyone in this School know anything of Miss Mead. We shall
only know what sort of a person she is after she arrives and has
been on duty sometime. I have also been informed that Mrs. Mann
(uqually unknown)
of Tiffin, Ohio, has been appointed Assistant Laundress, vice Jennie
Wolf or Lizzie James. The salaries of each of these places is only
$300.00 per year, and the people come to us from the town, one mile
away, through winter snows and summer rains and take care of them-
selves entirely. The new assistants will of course have to do the
same thing, and their mere living will cost them most of their
salary. I have given these facts to the Department.

The Laundress who is to be removed, comes to me in tears and
wants to know what she is to do; her husband can get no work and the
sole dependence of the family has been for months the salary she has
been earning here. Civil Service has offered her no opportunity
to show whether she is capable of filling the place according to
their standards, neither has it given Miss Wetzel a chance, though
their capabilities and experience in the work here entitle them to
have such competitive chance, and Civil Service claims this as a
fundamental principle. It will be remarkable if I get persons in
these places who will do as well as those I already have.

I suggest that you investigate closely, and when you realize, a
as I am sure you will, the utter folly of the system, you will, I
venture to say, turn your organization into an anti-Civil Service
Reform Society, and help break up the disastrous Civil Service you
have been laboring to establish.

I am led to write you thus at length because you are a mature
Army woman and can, as I think, understand better than others the

VOL. 31

482

In re: Order

Carlisle, Pa., January 29, 1897.

Dr. V.T. McGillycuddy,

President, State School of Mines,

Rapid City, S. Dakota.

My dear Doctor,

Your familiar chirography, coming as it does with
such endorsement of my Civil Service article, is exceedingly wel-
come. The half has not been told of the infamy of Civil Service
in the Indian School Service. Two days ago I received notifica-
tion that an assistant laundress from Tiffin, Ohio, and an assist-
ant seamstress from New York City, are ordered to report to me at
once. The salary of these positions is $300 each, and the people
have to board and room themselves. There is positively nothing
left for the superintendents to do, and fitness for the work in
temperament or in proved ability cuts absolutely no figure. One
man in Washington is supposed to know exactly the conditions and
situation at each and every school, and be able to fill all
places either by transfer, mostly, or from the Civil Service lists
direct. The town of Carlisle filled with needy washerwomen and
seamstresses, most capable and satisfactory, anxious for these
places, is ruled out. The lists are full and there is no need
of holding special examinations.

VOL. 31

483

-2-

Dr. V.T. McGillycuddy.

I asked for a vocal teacher in July. They had none, but advertised and held an examination in October. For some reason or other they did not get what they wanted, and they held another examination in November, and just at the end of December appointment was made. Practically, six months after I had asked for a vocal teacher, I got one. The lady sent was the only one, according to their notification, who passed the examination; but the story is too long, and the incidents too numerous to even begin to tell you. Job's affliction of boils was only measles in comparison with the yellow fever of Civil Service.

I had not heard of Mrs. McGillycuddy's death, and we sincerely sympathize with you in your great loss. Should it come my way to say a good word for you, Doctor, I shall most unhesitatingly do so, and should you, yourself, see wherein I could serve you, advise me. I made it a rule years ago not to recommend any one for a place over myself, believing it was the worst kind of policy for me to do so. I endorsed Morgan for Commissioner of Education, and he used my endorsement to help him get to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, a place I would not have thought of recommending him for. I only state these things to show you how I stand. There ought to be some changes at once among the Indian inspectors, and a whole lot of changes of agents. We have got some of the worst ever in the Service, but on the other hand we also

VOL. 31

485

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 29th, 1897.

Hon. J.S. Sherman,

House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.

My dear Mr. Sherman,

I got a copy of the Indian Bill yesterday, and see you have in it Major Kidd's scheme for a triple headed management for Indian Affairs. Kidd and I were officers in the same regiment during the War, and after the War we both came into the 10th Cavalry, my present regiment, and were together from '67 to '71, when he went out under Army reorganization which threw out twenty regiments. He had a few years Army experience on the frontier, but of a sort to not make him specially competent in Indian matters. He was on the first Cherokee Commission under the present administration, and was changed from that to some Indian duty with the Utes. He wrote me of his plan and I advised against it. I afterwards saw him in Washington, and he explained it saying, that what he wanted was to get on some duty with the Indians, and that he thought he would make a good man for the Democratic Commissioner, which he believed the Secretary would give to him if the Bill passed, and that he had me in mind for the Army Officer. I told him distinctly that I would not, under any circumstances, voluntarily serve on such a commission; that I could see no possible advantage in it; that nobody would be responsible, and that no one scheme of management

VOL. 31

486

Hon. J.S. Sherman.

-2-

could be carried out successfully, because the Republican would pull one way, the Democrat another, and the Army Officer still another. I afterwards saw Mr. Teller, who introduced the Bill in the Senate last winter, and he said that he had introduced it simply to keep control of the idea, and that he had no expectations of its passage, and I inferred that he did not think well of it. Now, that it is in the Indian Bill, it looks more serious. I saw by the papers that it had been introduced by you as a separate measure some days ago, but thought at the time that it was, perhaps, because you were governed by the same notion as Senator Teller. I do not now anticipate, of course, that I would be asked to form a part of such Commission, and the fact that the salaries of the Civilian Commissioners are placed at $5,000 each, indicates that it is probably intended to detail a Colonel or Brigadier General from the Army, who receive about the same pay as is proposed for the Civilian Commissioners.

Hydra Heads have been the curse of the Indian management all along, nobody has been responsible, and no one system has been allowed to work itself out. One of the three men would have necessarily to be chief. The contention would be, which one. The only real good I can see in it, is that it would break up the present combine, and possibly pave the way later for something different from our present system. I count the Indian Bureau, decidedly, the greatest obstacle in the way of Indian civilization. It has been a breeder of claim agents, claims from the beginning. Almost every old employe of the Bureau goes into the Indian claim business and manipulates the situation generally to add to the expense.

VOL. 31

487

Hon. J.S. Sherman.

The willingness of Congress to give additional money to meet these
trumped up claims which only perpetuate the pauperization of the
Indian, is a mystery.

We are just now suffering here at Carlisle from an epidemic
of measles which came upon us last week and which now indicates
an intention to go the rounds of the school. This makes me about
conclude to defer our Commencement exercises until the latter part
of March, but I will not determine the time until the epidemic is
past. Some years ago we had over four hundred cases. The school
is much larger now, and while we quarantine every case, still, the
seeds seem to be well distributed and new cases are coming down
every day.

I hope that when we do get round to our Commencement, I
may have you and your Committee with us again.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 31

488

General John Eaton,

The Concord, Washington, D.C.

My dear General,

A week ago the measles took hold of us. We had at first only one case which was isolated for several days, hoping that would end it; but it has spread in the School until now there are thirty-two in the hospital, and others are being taken daily. It seems best not to think of having our Commencement in the end of February as usual, but to wait until we are through with this epidemic, which, judging by former experiences, may last three, four or five weeks. Some years ago we had four hundred cases. We got through with it, but it broke up our school work for a time.

I am depending on you to be with us and deliver the diplomas, and intended to write you fully several days ago, but was delaying to see if I could go on safely. I am, as you probably know pretty well, a good deal in rebellion against the present conditions, and want very much to see you, but my relations with the Indian Office are such that I do not care to go to Washington during this Administration. Could you not quietly come up and see me for a few days? Bring Mrs. Eaton with you and be our guests. I will take care of your expenses.

In spite of all my long effort, and Carlisle's success, things have gone so much against what I know to be right, and there is so little of what has been done to undo, that even if I had full swing,

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., January 30th 1897.

Major C. A. McCauley, Q. M., U. S. A.,
1428 Arch Street,
Philadelphia.

Sir:-

Your order for forage for my two private horses for the month of February provides for 31 days, my requisition was made out for only 28 days, and I therefore return herewith the order for your correction.

N.

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 1st, 1897.

Reuben Willis,
Charlevoix, Mich.

My dear friend,

I have your letter of the 23 of January enclosing one from Charley to you. It is well for me to know just the sentiment of the pupils here, and I thank you for sending Charley's letter. You are entirely right that it is better for him to stay here. There are some things he does not exactly like. That is not at all unusual anywhere. We are constantly meeting those kind of things in this life, and it is well while we are children to learn to meet them, so that when we get older and have larger and greater difficulties to meet, we may be schooled and prepared, and able to do it. Be assured that I will do the very best I can for Charley, and believe me always

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 31

Charles H. Thompson,
7129 Eggleston Ave.,
Chicago, Ill.

My dear Friend,

I have read yours of the 28th with no little interest, and can assure you that I am entirely in sympathy with your ambitions, and will heartily co-operate with you to consummate them when the time comes, if I have any power to do so. I am a good deal in the air myself just now. Whether I can hold on until after the 4th of March is just a little problematical. I am making a bold fight as you can see by the enclosed "Red Man". You will have to watch your chances, and let me know what you are working at, and where I can help, if it comes to a point where you think I can be of assistance.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Amos Hamilton,

Pawhuska, Okl. Territory,

My dear Amos,

I had Mr. Standing write to you about the harness,
and I hope we may be able to do what you want. I am kind of sorry
that you have three places instead of one. One place would certain-
ly be all you could handle, and if your energies are divided between
three, I fear that it will be a failure all round. You got a splen
did start for becoming a first-class farmer, and you have asplendid
a little wife as any farmer need ask for. It now remains for you
to settle down to one place, and to improve it, build it up, and
beautify it in every way to make it valuable and remunerative.

(Dictated)
Mc

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Miss Lydia L. Hunt,

San Carlos, Arz.

My dear Miss Hunt,

Your letter of the 6th of January has lain al-
together too long, but, as usual with me, I have kept putting it
off, hoping to have a quiet time to write you fully. I was repri-
manded a little by the Secretary for my former conduct, and you can
see by the last "Red Man" that now I have gone and done it again.
I have been rather hopeful that it might occur to him it would be
a good thing to court-martial me, when I would have a good chance
to show the rottenness of the Civil Service pretentions and assump-
tions. A letter from the Secretary yesterday, calls me down on
my "Red Man". It will take me several days to answer it. In the
meantime we are creeping along slowly towards the 4th of March, when
I expect that so far as I am concerned, a pretty heavy load will
be lifted. However, if things are to continue in the Indian Ser-
vice in the future as they have in the past, I will welcome a re-
lease from it on any line. So far I have held them off, and got-
ten on without many changes this year, and we have had comparative
peace; but I am now practically ordered to discharge Mr. Spray and
a Miss Merriman, both of whom I am paying out of my charity fund,
in order to keep things going right and the peace. They forbid me
doing that and quote a law which does not have the slightest bearing
to sustain their position, and inform me that they will send me civ-

VOL. 31

49596

Miss Lydia L. Hunt.

In Service employes. The story is too long to tell by letter, and
there is too much bearing upon me now to write you much at length.
I am glad to have the points you give me about your own difficul-
ties. The more the merrier, and should it happen that I would be
court-martialed I shall search for everything high and low through-
out the whole Service, in order to expose it.

We are having a pretty heavy scourge of measles. Whether it
is going to be as big and complete as when you were here I cannot
tell. There are about forty-five in the hospital now, and the chil-
dren are coming down by the half-dozen daily.

What an awful lot of scoundrels the well behaved Apaches, when
here, do make when they get out there. What is the matter with your
atmosphere?

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Carlisle, Pa., February 2nd 1897.

Gertrude Renfrow,
Afton, Indian Territory.

Dear Gertrude:-

We often think of the girls and boys who have been at
Carlisle, and it is always a pleasure to hear from our old pupils.
And so your good letter was very welcome.

I am glad to know that you are able to keep on with your
schooling, and find so much pleasure in your lessons and music. If
you are faithful in your studies there are wide possibilities to you
and it is well always to put one's aim high. But, Gertrude, you
must remember your ill health of the past, and above everything else
take care of that. Take plenty of outdoor exercise.

We are having some little sickness now at the School, for the
measles have broken out and there are many cases. Indeed, we have
thought best to defer our Commencement for about a month, on that
account.

Richenda goes in town to school each day, and is getting along
nicely.

Mrs. Pratt is quite ill with a heavy cold.

The School news you have from the Helper, and I cannot add to
that.

We all join in sending you our love and good wishes.

N.

N.

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Bennett F. Green,

Vinita, Indian Territory.

Dear Ben:-

It was delightful to receive your good letter, and to
know that your stay at Carlisle had led you to have high aspirations
and that you were now struggling to make a good man of yourself. I
shall always follow you with greatest interest, and believe that the
future will unfold a noble and successful life, if you will but be
true all the way through to the good ambitions you now have. "Right
is might," you know, and if you are alone even, you will be strong
if you have that which is right on your side.

I am glad to know that you have gone on with your schooling. It
is one of the most helpful starts a man can have, to be drilled
intelligently in business methods.

All goes well with us here at Carlisle in our school work, but
we are just now having a number of cases of measles, and on that
account it has seemed best to defer our Commencement this year until
sometime after the middle of March. Winter weather is full upon us
and this morning we are having a genuine snow storm.

I hope you will write me from time to time and tell me how you
are getting along.

With best wishes for you always, I am,

N.

VOL. 31

In reply to:

Mrs. F. M. Bell,

219 E. Wheeling Street/
Washington, Pa.

Dear Madam:-

In reply to your letter of the 28th, I send you by this
mail a package of printed matter, which will inform you quite fully
in regard to the general policy of the Government toward the Indians
and the principles of Carlisle. I would suggest that you write to
the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, Washington, D. C., and ask for
a copy of his last annual report.

Should you wish further information, and I am able to give it,
I shall be glad to answer any questions you may care to ask.

N.

VOL. 31