THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

101 INDEPENDENCE AVENUE, S.E.
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20540-4860

DIRECTOR OF SCHOLARLY PROGRAMS

Telephone: (202) 707-1517

Fax: (202) 707-3595

EMAIL: pgif@loc.gov

May 1, 2001

Dear Peter:

I enclose a copy of the Library's press release about Aaron Friedberg, the first Henry Alfred Kissinger Scholar. Professor Friedberg will take up residence here in September.

It is clear that we should begin the competition much earlier in the future, so that the selection process, and the notification of the successful candidate can occur by early January- at the beginning of the second semester of the academic year. We will soon be sending out notification of the competition to many institutions, both nationally and internationally. We would welcome any suggestions you might have for effective international distribution.

Please note on your calendars that the **inaugural Henry Alfred Kissinger Lecture** will take place at the Library of Congress in the late afternoon and evening of **October 10, 2001**. It will be delivered by **Dr. Kissinger himself**. Formal invitations to the Lecture and dinner will be sent in due course. We hope that all the members of the Steering and Selection Committees for the Kissinger Chair will be with us. We are also writing to all the donors who made the Kissinger Chair possible.

This brings my good wishes to you. I think that the Chair has begun in a most promising way.

Enclosure

Mr. Peter Rodman
The Nixon Center
1615 L Street, NW
Washington, D.C. 20036

NEWS
The LIBRARY of CONGRESS

Public Affairs Office
101 Independence Avenue S.E.
Washington, DC 20540-1610
phone (202) 707-2905
fax (202) 707-9199
e-mail pao@loc.gov
www.loc.gov

April 27, 2001

Press contact: Craig D'Ooge (202) 707-9189

Public contact: (202) 707-3302

PROFESSOR AARON FRIEDBERG
SELECTED AS FIRST KISSINGER SCHOLAR

The Library of Congress announced today the appointment of Aaron Friedberg of Princeton University as the first Henry Alfred Kissinger Scholar. The nine-month residential appointment, which begins in September 2001, inaugurates the Henry Alfred Kissinger Chair in Foreign Policy and International Relations at the Library of Congress. Created through the generosity of friends of the former Secretary of State to honor him and emphasize the importance of foreign affairs, the Kissinger Chair program offers outstanding thinkers and practitioners a unique opportunity to pursue advanced research in the largest and most international collection of library materials in the world.

In making the appointment, Librarian of Congress James H. Billington described Professor Friedberg as a superbly qualified scholar who has produced two incisive books on aspects of foreign relations. "The Kissinger Chair creates an opportunity for research and discussion of foreign relations in a global era. Dr. Friedberg will set a very high standard at the start of this program, which will be a catalyst for fresh analysis and a bridge between the world of ideas and the world of affairs," Dr. Billington said.

The rise of Asia and its implications for America is the topic Dr. Friedberg will explore during his tenure as Kissinger Scholar. He will examine the underlying causes and long-term consequences of the rise of Asia: the increase in relative wealth, technological competence, and potential power of the nations of eastern Eurasia and the western Pacific. Dr. Friedberg will analyze the implications of these developments for the future foreign and defense policies of the United States.

Dr. Friedberg has served on the faculty of Princeton University since 1987; he was appointed professor of politics and international affairs in 1999. He is presently Director of the

-over-

Research Program in International Security and Acting Director of the Center of International Studies at Princeton. Dr. Friedberg is the author of *The Weary Titan: Britain and the Experience of Relative Decline, 1895-1905*, published by Princeton University Press in 1988, and in *The Shadow of the Garrison State: America's Anti-Statism and Its Cold War Grand Strategy*, published by Princeton University Press in 2000. He is also the author of numerous book chapters, special policy monographs, journal articles, book reviews, and other writings in such areas as American nuclear strategy, the relationship between economics and national security, the future of American power, East Asian international politics, and other topics.

Selection of the Kissinger Scholar was made this year by a selection committee that included the Hon. Lawrence S. Eagleburger; William J. McDonough, President of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York; Professor Walter A. McDougall of the University of Pennsylvania; and Dr. Fareed Zakaria, Editor of *Newsweek International*. Oversight of the program is provided by the Kissinger Chair Steering Committee, chaired by Dr. Billington, and includes Alan Batkin of Kissinger Associates, New York; Lloyd Cutler of Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering, Washington, D.C.; Nancy Kissinger; and Dr. Peter Rodman of the Nixon Center, Washington, D.C.

Applications and nominations for the 2002 Kissinger Scholar appointment will be accepted until October 1, 2001. For further information and application forms, please contact the Library's Office of Scholarly Programs, 101 Independence Ave. S.E., Washington, DC, 20540-4860. The Office may also be reached by telephone at (202) 707-3302; fax (202) 707-3595; and e-mail, at scholarly@loc.gov.

###

PR 01-52
4-27-01
ISSN 0731-3527

Luncheon Menu

March 28, 2001

Vegetable Pate with Sauce Vert

Broiled Halibut with Crushed Pepper Sauce

Parslied Potatoes

Sauteed Zucchini and Yellow Squash

Orange Compote with
Raspberries and Toasted Almonds

1

AARON L. FRIEDBERG

Princeton University
013 Bendheim Hall
Princeton, NJ 08544

Phone: (609) 258-5378
Fax: (609) 258-5196
E-mail: alf@princeton.edu

PERSONAL:

Born April 16, 1956; Pittsburgh, PA

Married, two sons

EDUCATION:

Ph.D. Government, Harvard University, March 1986.

A.B. Government, Harvard University, 1978. Magna Cum Laude

EMPLOYMENT:

2000-2001, Acting Director, Center of International Studies

1999-present, Professor of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University

1993-1999, Associate Professor of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University

1987-1993, Assistant Professor of Politics and International Affairs, Princeton University

OTHER POSITIONS:

2000-present, Research Director, National Bureau of Asian Research project on "Tracking the Strategic Environment in Asia"

1992-present, Director, Research Program in International Security, Center of International Studies, Princeton University

1988-present, Associate Editor, World Politics

1993-1997, Review Articles Editor, World Politics

1993-present, Editorial Board, Joint Forces Quarterly

1989-92, Editorial Board, Political Science Teacher

AWARDS:

1990-93, Cyril E. Black Preceptor, Princeton University

2

1989, Edgar S. Furniss National Security Book Award for "an exceptional contribution to the study of national security.

1988, American Political Science Association's Helen Dwight Reid Award for the "best doctoral dissertation completed and accepted during 1986 or 1987 in the field of international relations, law and politics."

1986, British Politics Group's Samuel Beer Dissertation Prize for a contribution to "the understanding of British politics."

1986, Harvard University Edward M. Chase Prize for "an exceptional thesis on a subject relating to the promotion of world peace."

## FELLOWSHIPS:

1998, Senior Research Fellow, Norwegian Nobel Institute

1992, Social Science Research Council, Advanced Research Fellowship in Foreign Policy Studies

1990-91, Council on Foreign Relations International Affairs Fellow and Senior Fellow, Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University

1989-90, Fellow at the Smithsonian Institution, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars

1989-90, John M. Olin Foundation Faculty Fellow

1986-87, Ford Foundation Post-Doctoral Fellow in European Society and Western Security

1985-86, MacArthur Foundation Fellow in International Security

1983-85, John M. Olin Foundation Pre-doctoral Fellow

1983-84, Krupp Foundation Fellow in European Studies

1980-82, Ray Atherton Fellow in International Relations

## GRANTS:

1998-99, Support for research and writing, Smith Richardson Foundation ($49,280)

1998-99, Support for research and writing, Bradley Foundation ($43,000)

3

1998, Stipend, Norwegian Nobel Institute ($17,500)

1998, Supplemental support for honorific fellowship recipients, Princeton University ($16,188) (declined)

1992-99, Support for Research Program in International Security, Smith Richardson Foundation (5 successive grants, total $1,187,400)

1994-95, Support for research and writing, Bradley Foundation ($44,545)

1993, Support for research and writing, Smith Richardson Foundation ($25,000)

1992, Support for research and writing, Social Science Research Council ($22,900)

1989-90, Support for research and writing, John M. Olin Foundation ($52,875)

1988-89, Support for research and writing, Smith Richardson Foundation ($31,020)

PUBLICATIONS:

Books

The Weary Titan: Britain and The Experience of Relative Decline, 1895-1905
(Princeton University Press, 1988). (Paperback edition, 1989; Japanese language edition: Niimori Shobo, 1989).

In the Shadow of the Garrison State: America's Anti-Statism and its Cold War Grand Strategy
(Princeton University Press, May 2000).

Book chapters

"American Anti-Statism and the Founding of the Cold War State," (forthcoming in Ira Katznelson, Martin Shefter, Theda Skocpol, eds., Shaped by War and Trade, Princeton University Press, 2000).

"Arming China Against Ourselves," in Glenn Hastedt, ed., American Foreign Policy (Guilford, CT: Dushkin-McGraw Hill, 2000), pp. 66-73.

"The United States and the Cold War Arms Race," in Odd Arne Westad, ed., Reviewing the Cold War (London: Frank Cass, 2000), pp. 207-231.

"Asian Allies: True Strategic Partners," in Robert Kagan and William Kristol, eds., Present Dangers (San Francisco: Encounter Books, 2000), pp. 197-220.

4

"Ripe for Rivalry: Prospects for Peace in a Multipolar Asia," in Michael E. Brown, et al, eds., *East Asian Security* (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1996), pp. 3-31.

"The End of the Cold War and the Future of American Power," in Geir Lundestad, ed., *The Fall of Great Powers: Peace, Stability, and Legitimacy* (New York: Oxford University Press, 1994), pp. 175-196.

"The Changing Relationship Between Economics and National Security," in Demetrios Caraley and Cerentha Harris, eds., *New World Politics: Power, Ethnicity, and Democracy* (New York: Academy of Political Science, 1993), pp. 99-110.

"The Changing Relationship Between Economics and National Security," in Henry Bienen, ed., *Power, Economics, and Security* (Boulder: Westview Press, 1992), pp. 134-146.

"The End of Autonomy: The United States after Five Decades," in Raymond Vernon and Ethan Kapstein, eds., *Defense and Dependence in a Global Economy* (Washington: Congressional Quarterly Press, 1992), pp. 69-90.

"Is the United States Capable of Acting Strategically? Congress and the President," in Charles W. Kegler and Eugene R. Wittkopf, eds., *The Future of American Foreign Policy* (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991), pp. 95-111.

"Will Defense Cuts Make America More Competitive?," in Wolfgang Danspeckgruber, *Emerging Dimensions of European Security Policy* (Boulder: Westview Press, 1991), pp. 221-231.

"The Political Economy of U.S. National Security Policy," in Daniel J. Kaufman, David S. Clark, and Kevin P. Sheehan, eds., *U.S. National Strategy in the 1990s* (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991), pp. 59-80.

"Four Myths About the Changing Nature of Power," in Report Prepared for the Subcommittee on International Economic Policy and Trade of the House Committee on Foreign Affairs, *U.S. Power in a Changing World*, 101st Congress, 2nd. sess. (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1990), pp. 5-10.

"United States Strategy Since 1945," in L. Carl Brown, ed., *Centerstage: American Diplomacy Since the Second World War* (New York: Holmes and Meier, 1990), pp. 58-75.

"The Making of American National Strategy," in Benjamin Frankel, ed., *In The National Interest* (Boston: University Press of America, 1989).

5

"What SALT Can (And Cannot) Do," in Bernard Halloran, ed., *Essays On Arms Control and Strategy* (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1986), pp. 121-128.

"The Evolution of U.S. Strategic 'Doctrine' - 1945-1981," in Samuel P. Huntington, ed., *The Strategic Imperative* (Cambridge: Ballinger Press, 1982) pp. 53-99.

"A History of the U.S. Strategic 'Doctrine' - 1945-1980," in Amos Perlmutter and John Gooch, eds., *Strategy and the Social Sciences* (London: Frank Cass, 1981), pp. 37-71.

**Monographs**

"Europe's Past, Asia's Future?" *SAIS Policy Forum Series* no. 3 (October 1998).

"The Rise of the Sino-Japanese Antagonism, 1972-2025," (Harvard University, John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, Project on East Asian Security, August 1996).

"The Political Economy of American 'Renewal'" (Harvard University, John M. Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, Project on the Changing Security Environment and American National Interests, Working Paper No. 8, November 1994).

"Nuclear Multipolarity" (Center for National Security Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Project on Regional Security Challenges and the Future of Nuclear Weapons, September 1994).

**Journal articles**

"Will Europe's Past be Asia's Future?" *Survival* vol. 42, no. 3 (Autumn 2000), pp. 147-59.

"Warring States: Theoretical Models of Asian Pacific Security," *Harvard International Review* vol. 18, no. 2 (Spring 1996), pp. 12-15, 68.

"Science, the Cold War, and the American State," *Diplomatic History* vol. 20, no. 1 (Winter 1996), pp. 107-118.

"The Future of American Power," *Political Science Quarterly* vol. 109, no. 1 (Spring 1994), pp. 1-22.

"Ripe for Rivalry: Prospects for Peace in a Multipolar Asia," *International Security* vol. 18, no. 3 (Winter 1993/94), pp. 5-33.

"Why Didn't the U.S. Become a Garrison State?," *International Security* vol. 16, no. 2 (Spring 1992), pp. 109-142.

"How to Cut the Defense Budget by $100 Billion: A Symposium," *Policy Review* no. 60 (Spring 1992), pp. 52-53.

6

"The End of Autonomy: The United States After Five Decades," *Daedalus* vol. 120, no. 4 (Fall 1991), pp. 69-90. (Special issue on *Searching for Security in a Global Economy*.)

"The Changing Relationship Between Economics and National Security," *Political Science Quarterly* vol. 106, no. 2 (Summer 1991), pp. 265-276.

"Is the United States Capable of Acting Strategically?," *Washington Quarterly* vol. 14, no. 1 (Winter 1991), pp. 5-23.

"In Search of the Peace Dividend," *The Wilson Quarterly* vol. 14, no. 4 (Autumn 1990), pp. 78-79.

"The Strategic Implications of Relative Economic Decline," *Political Science Quarterly* vol. 104, no. 3 (Fall 1989), pp. 401-431.

"The Political Economy of American Strategy," *World Politics* vol. XLI, no. 3 (April 1989), pp. 381-406.

"The Making of American National Strategy," *The National Interest* no. 11 (Spring 1988), pp. 65-75.

"The Assessment of Military Power: A Review Essay," *International Security* vol. 12, no. 3 (Winter 1987/88), pp. 190-202.

"Britain and the Experience of Relative Decline," *Journal of Strategic Studies* vol. 10, no. 3 (September 1987), pp. 331-362.

"Britain Faces the Burdens of Empire: The Financial Crisis of 1901-1905," *War and Society* vol. 5, no. 2 (September 1987), pp. 15-37.

"Engagement and Escalation: The Danger of Nuclear War in the Pacific and the Persian Gulf," *Crossroads* no. 21 (1986), pp. 59-81.

"American's Strategic Position," *Parameters* vol. 16, no. 4 (Winter 1986), pp. 30-38.

"The Collapsing Triangle: U.S. and Soviet Policies Towards China, 1969-1982," *Comparative Strategy* vol. 4, no. 2 (Winter 1983), pp. 113-146.

"A History of the U.S. Strategic 'Doctrine': 1945-1980," *The Journal of Strategic Studies* vol. 3, no. 3 (December 1980), pp. 37-71.

7

"What SALT Can (And Cannot) Do," *Foreign Policy* no. 33 (Winter 1978/79), pp. 92-100.

"Soviet Arms: A Reply," *The Interdependent* vol. 4, no. 4 (April 1977), p. 2.

Book reviews

Review of Muthiah Alagappa, ed. *Asian Security Practice: Material and Ideational Influences in American Political Science Review* in the *American Political Science Review* vol. 94, (March 2000).

Review of Robert Conquest, *Reflections on a Ravaged Century* in *Commentary* (February 2000), pp. 59-61.

Review of Nicholas Eberstadt, *The End of North Korea* in *The New York Times* (December 12, 1999).

Review of Michael Dobbs, *Madeleine Albright: A Twentieth Century Odyssey* in *The New York Times* (May 2, 1999).

Review of Bill Gertz, *Betrayal* and Paul Bracken, *Fire in the East* in *The Wall Street Journal* (June 16, 1999).

Review of Eric Alterman, *Who Speaks for America?* in *Commentary* (February 1999), pp. 64-66.

Review of Fareed Zakaria, *From Wealth to Power* in *The Wall Street Journal* (May 13, 1998).

Review of Walter A. McDougall, *Promised Land, Crusader State* in *Commentary* (July 1997), pp. 54-56.

Review of Richard Bernstein and Ross Munro, *The Coming Conflict with China* in *The Wall Street Journal* (February 1997).

Review of Richard Overy, *How the Allies Won* in *The Weekly Standard* vol. 1, no. 45 (August 5, 1996), pp. 37-39.

Review of Donald Kagan, *On the Origins of War and the Preservation of Peace* in *Commentary* (March 1995), pp. 62-64.

Review of Henry Nau, *The Myth of American Decline* in *Political Science Quarterly* vol. 106, no. 3 (Fall 1991), pp. 528-529.

8

Review of D.C.M. Platt, *Britain's Investment Overseas on the Eve of the First World War in British Politics Group Newsletter* no. 47 (Winter 1987), p. 47.

Review of Curt Gasteyger, *Searching for World Security in American Political Science Review* vol. 81, no. 1 (March 1987), p. 321.

Selected other writings

"The Struggle for Mastery in Asia," *Commentary* (November 2000), pp. 17-26. (translated into Korean and Japanese)

"Will We Abandon Taiwan?" *Commentary* (May 2000), pp. 26-31.

"Arming China Against Ourselves," *Commentary* (July-August 1999), pp. 27-33.

"China's Aging Anxious Autocrats," *The Weekly Standard* (May 24, 1999), pp. 11-12.

"Are Americans Becoming Isolationist?" *Commentary* (November 1998), pp. 45-48.

"Broken Engagement," *The Weekly Standard* (February 24, 1997), pp. 12-13.

# The Rise of Asia and its Implications for America

A proposal to the Kissinger Chair Selection Committee

Aaron L. Friedberg

Princeton University

February 2000

For the better part of the past five hundred years, Europe and the offshoots of European civilization that took root in North America have been the world's primary producers of wealth, knowledge, and military power. As the new millennium begins, however, the era of Euro-American preponderance is drawing rapidly to a close. The coming decades will likely witness a profound shift in the center of gravity of the international system away from the Euro-Atlantic region and towards the Asia-Pacific.

One admittedly crude measure suggests the magnitude of the changes that are occurring. In 1950 the nations of "Asia" (including its southern, southeastern, and northeastern sub-regions) contributed roughly 19% of total world output of goods and services, while the "West" (primarily the nations of North America and Western Europe) accounted for 56%. By 1992 these fractions had shifted to 33% for Asia and 45% for the West. Twenty-five years from now, according to some projections, Asia will produce somewhere between 55 and 60% of total world output, while the West accounts for only 20-30%. Over the same period of time China could well overtake the United States as the world's single largest economy.

What are likely to be the implications of these momentous developments for the conduct of world affairs and, in particular, for the foreign policy and national security strategy of the United States? If appointed to the Kissinger Chair I intend to work on a book that will examine these questions. While in residence at the Library of Congress I would expect to make particular use of its vast collections relating to the history of American foreign relations, contemporary Asian politics, and nineteenth and twentieth century Asian history.

This project would build on research and writing that I have been doing over the course of the last several years. My hope is that the finished product will be historically informed, analytically rigorous and, most important, readily accessible to policy makers and interested general readers.

2

I intend to write a book that will be divided into three parts: Chapters One and Two will place recent developments in historical context. Chapters Three and Four will analyze the present and likely future dynamics of international relations within Asia, and of the critically important relationship between the U.S. and China. Chapters Five and Six will draw out the implications for American foreign and defense policy.

## Chapter One: The Rise of Asia

The increasing wealth, strength, and geopolitical importance of the nations of Asia needs to be understood as the product of a protracted historical process. The origins of contemporary developments can be traced at least to the latter part of the nineteenth century, when Japan and China first began to modernize their societies in hopes of better resisting the encroachments of the Western powers.

## Chapter Two: America as a Pacific Power

How has the American role in Asia evolved over time? Americans have come to define their nation's interests in increasingly ambitious and extensive terms. For most of the nineteenth century U.S. interests were primarily commercial and centered on the pursuit of markets, trading opportunities and, albeit briefly, territory. The turn of the twentieth century saw the addition of a geopolitical dimension, as American policy makers became increasingly concerned with preventing a hostile power or coalition from dominating eastern (or western) Eurasia. Especially since the middle of the twentieth century, the United States has also sought actively to promote the spread of democracy in Asia.

## Chapter Three: Ripe for Rivalry? The Future of Asian International Relations

For the first time since the birth of the modern state, Asia is emerging as a distinct international sub-system: a cluster of strong, prosperous, independent nations dealing intensively and continuously with one another in the diplomatic, strategic, and economic realms. What will be the nature of the relations among the newly empowered nations of this increasingly important region? Despite the potentially beneficial long-term effects of international economic interdependence, domestic political liberalization, and the spread of regional institutions, there are good reasons to expect the coming decades in Asia to be marked by heightened geopolitical competition and an increased risk of conflict.

## Chapter Four: Is Sino-American Conflict Inevitable?

While Asia grows in importance relative to other regions, within Asia the primary locus of power is shifting towards China. Present U.S. policy rests heavily on the assumption that, as China grows wealthier and stronger, its political system will evolve in ways that make it more congenial to the United States. Such an outcome is plausible, but it is by no means preordained. This chapter will examine the contending forces now shaping the Sino-American relationship, and offer an assessment of which ones will be most important in determining its future direction.

## Chapter Five: The Problem of Strategy

How should the United States act so as to have the best chance of achieving its three, interlocking objectives: maintaining stability, prosperity, and commercial access in Asia; promoting the spread of democracy; and preventing the emergence of a hostile regional hegemon in eastern Eurasia? As regards China, how can the United States do whatever possible to reduce the likelihood of an open and intense rivalry, while at the same time putting itself in the strongest possible position should such a competition nevertheless emerge?

## Chapter Six: The Question of Resources

The developments described in previous chapters require a major reorientation of American strategy and that, in turn, will require a substantial redistribution of the nation's intellectual and institutional resources. To a considerable degree, U.S. military, diplomatic, and intelligence capabilities remain heavily focused on Europe. This is, in large part, a carryover from the priorities of the Cold War. Many major current and planned weapons systems were designed originally to operate across the comparatively short ranges of the European theater as compared to the very long distances that characterize Asia. Top civilian and military officials are more likely to have had extended experience in dealing with European as opposed to Asian issues. The numbers of analysts and decision-makers deeply familiar with Asian countries or conversant in Asian languages remains comparatively low. Despite changes in recent years, this pattern seems likely to persist for some time to come. The concluding chapter of the book will examine the implications of the rise of Asia for the American national security establishment.

REFERENCE FORM

(Deadline: FEBRUARY 15, 2001)

NAME OF APPLICANT
1 FRIEDBERG
NAME (Last)
AARON
LOUIS

NAME OF REFERENCE
2 MARSHALL
NAME (Last)
ANDREW
3 Office of Net Assessment, Pentagon Room 3A930

ADDRESS (Institutional affiliation)
Washington DC 20301

4 ADDRESS (Street) City State Zip Code

5 703-695-1811

6 Director, Office of Net Assessment
POSITION / TITLE
FAX EMAIL

In a general statement *not more than two pages in length*, individuals providing references are requested to cover the following information:

☐ How long and under what circumstances does the referee know the applicant

☐ Applicant's background, including professional qualifications, activities, and level of achievement

☐ Merits of the applicant's proposal and significance of the subject matter

☐ Proposal's relation, if any, to earlier research performed by the applicant

☐ Project's potential to reach a wide audience and make a substantive contribution to the field

☐ The appropriateness of the Library of Congress as a venue for the proposed research

☐ Applicant's ability to carry out the project as designed

Send this form, together with the general statement, to:

By MAIL:
Kissinger Scholar Selection Committee
Office of Scholarly Programs
Library of Congress
101 Independence Ave., SE
Washington, DC 20540-4860

By FAX: (202) 707-3595

ATTN: Kissinger Scholar

General statement in support of the application of Aaron Friedberg for Kissinger Chair in Foreign Policy and International Relations at the Library of Congress.

I first meet Aaron Friedberg around 1980. He worked for me in the early 80's and I continued to have contact with him when he moved to the NSC working for Fritz Earmath. Since that time I have been continually involved with him through his participation in OSD Summer Studies, contractor search studies and various workshops and other meetings. Indeed he has run several major study projects for me over the course of the past decade. Many of these have emphasized Asia and particular the development of scenarios, the future geo-politics of Eurasia, and appropriate strategies in Asia for the United States over the coming decades. Aaron has also written two major books and numerous articles that I have read.

His background is excellent. He is the product of Harvard and in particular of Sam Huntington. You will already know that he is a professor at Princeton. He has had a high and sustained level of achievement over the whole period that I have known him.

I liked the proposal very much and think it is very well focused. It is certainly on a very important topic. Typical of Aaron's work, it has a long historical sweep. Given the well-reasoned results that we should expect from Aaron it will be a very valuable contribution to the development of strategies for dealing with Asia. The proposal also takes great advantage of Aaron's prior and current work. For the last decade or so he has been focused a good deal on Asia, the likely developments there, and what we should do about them.

Given its focus the proposed project has a high potential to reach a wide audience. Certainly it would make a big contribution to the broad field of policy analysis that focuses on Asia and China in particular.

The Library of Congress would seem to me to be a very good venue for this research, both because its own resources would contribute a great deal to the historical study that Aaron would undertake but having him in Washington would also make it easier for him to obtain information from other organizations, agencies, and libraries in this area. I have in mind particularly materials on demographics, economic trends and development, and in particular military developments likely to take place in the Asian-Pacific region.

Finally I would say that Aaron has all of the right qualities and the capability to carry out this very ambitious and excellent project. One of the reasons I have selected him many times to head study efforts for me is his outstanding intellectual quality and soundness of judgement. He has just the kind of mind that can draw all of the historical and analytic material together.

Should there be any other information I could supply that would be helpful to you please call me at (703) 695-1811.

MINDA DE GUNZBURG CENTER FOR EUROPEAN STUDIES

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

08 February, 2001

Kissinger Scholar Selection Committee
Office of Scholarly Programs
Library of Congress
101 Independence Avenue SE
Washington DC 20540-4860

To the Committee

I'm happy to recommend Prof. Aaron Friedberg for the position of Kissinger Scholar at the Library of Congress in 2001-02. I have known him for many years. He was a brilliant graduate student in the Department of Government at Harvard, where he received his Ph.D. I was one of the supervisors of his thesis, which became his first book, *The Weary Titan*. He was appointed as an Assistant Professor in the Department and taught classes on American foreign policy and general international relations. Then he went to Princeton where he has pursued a busy and productive career.

For reasons that utterly escape me, fewer young scholars in International Relations appear to be working, or to be encouraged to work, in American foreign policy. This has something to do with fashions in the field but also with the end of the Cold War and the decline of strategic studies. Among those who continue to work in these important areas, I consider Prof. Friedberg to be the most thoughtful, the one with the broadest historical knowledge and with the most acute comparative perspective. His two books are masterly and full of lessons for students of bureaucracy, the connections between doestmic and foreign policy, and the elaboration of strategic doctrine--the latter being a domain in which he had distinguished himself already before receiving his Ph.D.

In recent years he has become increasingly interested in the role of the U.S. in Asia and the effects of the rise of Asia for America as a power in the world. The outline of the book on which he wants to work is characteristically clear and sweeping. I don't know a person who would be more able to provide us with a road map and to reach a very wide audience. Clearly the Library of Congress would be the ideal place for such research.

ADOLPHUS BUSCH HALL □ 27 KIRKLAND STREET AT CABOT WAY □ CAMBRIDGE MASSACHUSETTS 02138 USA □ 617-495-4303 / FAX 617-495-8509

02-15-01 14:46 OLIN INSTITUTE

ID=6174951384

P.03

REFERENCE FORM

(Deadline: FEBRUARY 15, 2001)

NAME OF
APPLICANT

1 FRIEDBERG
NAME (Last)

AARON
First

LOUIS
Middle)

NAME OF
REFERENCE

2 HUNTINGTON
NAME (Last)

SAMUEL
First

Middle)

3 Harvard University, Olin Institute for Strategic Studies
ADDRESS (Institutional affiliation)

4 1737 Cambridge Street
ADDRESS (Street)

Cambridge
City

MA
State

02138
Zip Code

5 617-495-4432
PHONE

FAX

EMAIL

6 Professor
POSITION / TITLE

By FAX:

(202) 707-3595

ATTN: Kissinger Scholar

02-15-01 14:46 OLIN INSTITUTE

ID=6174951384

P.02

THE HARVARD ACADEMY FOR INTERNATIONAL AND AREA STUDIES

WEATHERHEAD CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS HARVARD UNIVERSITY

15 February 2001

Samuel P. Huntington
Chairman

Kissinger Scholar Selection Committee
Office of Scholarly Programs
Library of Congress
101 Independence Ave., SE
Washington DC 20540-4860

Dear Committee Members:

I write in connection with the application of Aaron Friedberg to be appointed a Kissinger Scholar. I have known Aaron since his undergraduate days at Harvard and have kept up with him and his career ever since.

From the very beginning Aaron had the making of an academic star, writing an unusually incisive senior honors thesis, achieving an outstanding record as a graduate student, and then writing a brilliant dissertation which received every award for which it could be considered eligible. The book, *The Weary Titan*, which emerged from the dissertation, continues to have tremendous influence in the field and is viewed as a model study of how governments and countries go about evaluating their changing power position. It is one of the outstanding books in security studies published in the past decade. His new book, *In the Shadow of the Garrison State*, is likely to have similar impact. His argument in that book is subtle and sophisticated but also highly persuasive, although it challenges much of the conventional wisdom on U.S. conduct of the Cold War. In addition to these two major studies, Aaron has also published a number of penetrating articles which made important contributions to our understanding of American nuclear security strategy, the relation between economics and national security, the future of American power, East Asian international politics, and other topics. As this list indicates, his interests are extremely diverse and yet he is also able to do first-rate work in each of these areas.

In his most recent work, Aaron has focused on the emergence of East Asia as the new center of global politics and has explored the factors there that make for stability and development, on the one hand, and instability, arms races, and possibly war, on the other. His profound knowledge of the dynamics of the balance of power elsewhere in the world gives him a keen and refreshing insight into what is happening and is likely to happen in East Asia. The specific project on which he proposes to focus as a Kissinger Scholar is of central importance and he is superbly qualified to undertake this work. His study addresses what will be central issues in American foreign relations in the coming years, and, on the basis of his past record, one can expect Aaron to analyze them incisively and produce cogent and sensible recommendations for American policy. The Library of Congress, with its resources and its location in Washington, would clearly be an ideal place for him to undertake this study.

I enthusiastically urge you to appoint Aaron Friedberg a Kissinger Scholar.

1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 • phone: (617) 495-2137 fax: (617) 495-8292

15 February 2001

Samuel P. Huntington
Chairman

Dear Committee Members:

1737 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 phone: (617) 495-2137 fax: (617) 495-8292

UNIVERSITY of PENNSYLVANIA

School of Arts & Sciences

Department of History
352B - 3401 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6228

Phone: (215) 898-8452

Fax: (215) 573-2089

http://www.history.upenn.edu

Peter W. Rodman
The Nixon Center For Peace and Freedom
1615 L Street N.W., suite 1250
Washington, D.C. 20036

March 28, 2001

Dear Peter:

It was a great pleasure to see you again and to hear the news of your prospective appointment in the Defense Department. Congratulations to you, the Secretary, and the President. May no Japanese fishermen, Italian skiers, or Marine pilots go down on your watch. It was also a pleasure to participate in an efficient, intelligent search committee meeting: a rare experience in academics.

Here is my hefty expense account. Please pass it on to the requisite bursar:

AMTRAK Phila to NYC $ 44.00
AMTRAK NYC to Phila 44.00
Taxi from Penn Station 11.60
Subway to Penn Station 1.50
$101.10

Thanks very much. Let us hope Prof. Friedberg merits our confidence.

Sincerely,

Walter A. McDougall
Professor of History
Alloy-Ansin Professor of International Relations

Peter Rodman

From: Peter Rodman [prodman@nixoncenter.org]
Sent: Friday, March 23, 2001 10:35 AM
To: Lawrence S. Eagleburger (E-mail); William J. McDonough (E-mail); Fareed Zakaria (E-mail); Walter McDougall (E-mail); Alan Batkin (E-mail)
Cc: Peter Bakstansky (E-mail); Prosser Gifford (E-mail); Lester I. Vogel (E-mail); Helga Porada (E-mail); 'wm@fpri.org'
Subject: Kissinger Chair - Selection Committee meeting

This is just a reminder that the Kissinger Chair Selection Committee is scheduled to meet in New York on **Wednesday, March 28, from 11:00 am to 2:00 pm** in Mr. McDonough's office at the New York Fed -- **33 Liberty Street**. You all have your packages of the finalists' entries and will have had time to review them and perhaps choose your tentative favorites.

Please confirm that you plan to attend.

Travel expenses will be reimbursed, so please save up your receipts and get them to me as soon afterwards as possible.

Looking forward to seeing you on the 28th. Thanks again to Mr. McDonough for his hospitality.

-----Original Message-----

From: Prosser Gifford [SMTP:pgif@loc.gov]
Sent: Thursday, March 01, 2001 8:29 AM
To: prodman@nixoncenter.org
Subject: Re: Criteria paper

Peter--I think your criteria suggestions are fine. There is a slight
danger in your final sentence--Does it imply that the Committee
should
wait until an instantly-recognized international name appears? I
agree
with your statement, but I'm a bit wary of celebrity hunting. Pross
Oh, yes. I would say simply that the 28th appears to be the only day
we could work out a meeting in New York.

>>> Peter Rodman <prodman@nixoncenter.org> 02/28 3:59 PM >>>

1. What do you think of this?

2. Shall I just send a note around to all the Selection Committee that we will meet in NY on March 28?

Subject: Re: Criteria paper

1. What do you think of this?

-----Original Message-----

1. What do you think of this?

Peter Rodman

From: Prosser Gifford [pgif@loc.gov]
Sent: Thursday, February 08, 2001 5:33 PM
To: prodman@nixoncenter.org
Subject: Re: Kissinger Chair - Odds and Ends

Peter--Thanks you for your message & Zakaria's new address. Sorry to
have been out of touch. I think you are absolutely correct--the
Selection Committee should feel free to say that no applicant has met
the high standarads expected for the appointment in this initial year
which is understandable because we had diffiuciity getting the word out
in sufficient time for people to make plans, etc. On the other hand, I
think that there may be a few good proposals in the mix, and I had
another conversation today which I regard as promising. So we'll have
to see where we are by the 15th. I'm pursuing your contract through
our bureaucracy!! Pross

>>> Peter Rodman <prodman@nixoncenter.org> 02/08 11:09 AM >>>
Prosser:

1. Fareed Zakaria called to give me his new address, etc. He is at:

Newsweek
251 W. 57th St.
New York, NY 10019
Ph. 212/445-4672
Fax: 212/445-4450
email: fzakar@newsweek.com

2. Alan Batkin tells me the Librarian is disappointed at the low number and/or quality of the applications so far. I'm not sure what we can do now. Should we extend the deadline? Even if we do, it's expecting a lot to ask people to make plans for next academic year on such short notice. Or should we just leave open the possibility of the judges' giving no award this year because noone has met our high standard? I saw Josef Joffe over the weekend in Munich; he said he was interested, but for next year. I am going to call Kenneth Lieberthal, a renowned China scholar who just left the NSC staff and is back at University of Michigan.

3. I still owe you a short paper on "criteria" to aid the judges. I'll do that soon.

Peter Rodman

From: Peter Rodman [prodman@nixoncenter.org]
Sent: Thursday, February 08, 2001 11:10 AM
To: Prosser Gifford (E-mail)
Subject: Kissinger Chair - Odds and Ends

Prosser:

2. Alan Batkin tells me the Librarian is disappointed at the low number and/or quality of the applications so far. I'm not sure what we can do now. Should we extend the deadline? Even if we do, it's expecting a lot to ask people to make plans for next academic year on such short notice. Or should we just leave open the possibility of the judges' giving no award this year because no one has met our high standard? I saw Josef Joffe over the weekend in Munich; he said he was interested, but for next year. I am going to call Kenneth Lieberthal, a renowned China scholar who just left the NSC staff and is back at University of Michigan.

Peter Rodman

From: Peter Rodman [prodman@nixoncenter.org]
Sent: Tuesday, January 23, 2001 3:43 PM
To: 'Prosser Gifford'
Subject: RE: RE: draft contract

Okay.

-----Original Message-----

From: Prosser Gifford [SMTP:pgif@loc.gov]
Sent: Tuesday, January 23, 2001 2:50 PM
To: prodman@nixoncenter.org
Subject: Re: RE: draft contract

Peter--I think the way to handle the administration issue is for you to mention the contingency specifically when you accept the contract offer. You could make clear that you are accepting the position contingent upon another position pre-empting it. Pross

>>> Peter Rodman <prodman@nixoncenter.org> 01/23 2:26 PM >>>
The contract looks fine. My only concern is that, should an
Administration
position suddenly be offered to me over the next months, I may want
to take
it (or may not). I would like some understanding, in the contract or

separately, that I may leave the Executive Directorship in such
circumstances without any legal problem.

I am faxing you the Vendor Survey form.

-----Original Message-----

From: Prosser Gifford [SMTP:pgif@loc.gov]
Sent: Monday, January 22, 2001 4:01 PM
To: Prodman@nixoncenter.org
Subject: draft contract

Peter--How does this look as a contract? Could you please email me an
up-to-date C.V., your preferred address for these purposes and your
social security number? I trust you received a bunch of the
reprinted
brochures. Pross Gifford

DRAFT CONTRACT for PETER RODMAN to assist with the KISSINGER CHAIR

The Kissinger Chair in Foreign Policy and International Relations
at the Library of Congress

Peter Rodman, currently of The Nixon Center, 1615 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036, who is a member of the Steering Committee for the Kissinger Chair, agrees to serve as Executive Director of the Kissinger Chair at the Library of Congress for the year 2001 and to carry out the following duties:

1. With administrative support from the Office of Scholarly Programs at the Library of Congress, Mr Rodman will assist and expedite the process of selection of the Kissinger Scholar. He will communicate as necessary with the four designated members of the Selection Committee for the Kissinger Scholar.

2. Mr. Rodman will assist in seeking nominations from selected individuals through personal communications. He will advise on the domestic and foreign institutions that are useful in distributing information about the Kissinger Chair.

3. Mr. Rodman will supervise the collation of applications and, with Office of Scholarly Programs staff, select a limited number representing the best qualified for review by the Selection Committee.

4. Mr. Rodman will organize the Selection Committee's work, facilitating their deliberations through whatever method seems appropriate (e.g. e-mail, conference calls, fax communications, meetings), and assisting in their final consensus on the recommendations to be made to the Librarian of Congress.

5. Mr. Rodman will transmit the Selection Committee's recommendations to the Librarian together with a summary of the Committee's discussions.

6. After the Librarian has decided upon the appointment of a Kissinger Scholar, Mr. Rodman will contact the Scholar-elect to confirm arrangements for the appointment, working with the staff of the Office of Scholarly Programs.

7. In his capacity as a member of the Steering Committee for the Kissinger Chair, Mr. Rodman will assist in the organization of the discussions and reflections concerning the choice of a Kissinger lecturer.

8. For these services Mr. Rodman will be compensated at the rate of $20,000 per annum, beginning in January 2001.

APPOINTMENTS

The United Nations
University

World Institute for Development Economics Research
(WIDER)
Helsinki, Finland

Research Fellows (Two positions L-3 and L-4)

WIDER, a leading research centre of the United Nations University, is seeking two Research Fellows, each to direct a research project, assist in the management of the research programme and contribute to the training programme.

Successful candidates are expected to have a PhD in development economics or a related field, about 10 years (5 years in the case of the L-3 position) of experience in teaching and research, and a strong record of publications in reputable journals or similar outlets. Fluency in English is essential, together with familiarity with standard computer packages for word processing, statistical analysis and e-mail communication. Initial appointment will be on a two year contract, with the possibility of renewal.

The posts carry remuneration at the L-3 and L-4 levels of the United Nations salary scale with post adjustment and standard UN benefits and allowances.

Applications, including curriculum vitae, names of referees and a publication list should be received by 2nd March 2001 at the following address:

Chief, Administrative and Programme Services
UNU/WIDER

Katajanokanlaituri 6 B
00160 Helsinki

Finland

Fax: 358-9-615 9933

Please refer to the WIDER homepage under vacancies for details:
http://www.wider.unu.edu

COURSES

www.rushmore.edu

MBA
DBA

Recognized as the world's most flexible Distance Learning MBA or DBA/Ph.D. No bachelors degree required for the MBA (or Master's for DBA) if you have significant work experience. No time limits, minimum or maximum. MBA usually takes one year, DBA two. Transfer students welcome. No required courses. You will not have to study material you already know or do not need. No exams, instead you write papers. Learn from successful business leaders/authors (many are millionaires). Faculty members wanted. Rushmore University, Dakota Dunes, SD USA / 605-232-6037 ecc@rushmore.edu www.distancemba.com

Intensive 12-Month M.S. in
**COMPUTATIONAL**
**FINANCE**
apply now for Fall 2001!!
www.cse.ogi.edu/CompFin/

OREGON GRADUATE INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

DURHAM

The University of Durham MBA comes in three AMBA accredited study options – Full-time, Part-time or Distance Learning.
Find us @ www.dur.ac.uk/udbs or call +44 191 487 1422.

University of Durham
BUSINESS SCHOOL

Investing in excellence in teaching and research

APRIL/JOYCE 2000

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH, the international human rights organization, is seeking applicants for a WASHINGTON ADVOCACY DIRECTOR to be based in our Washington, D. C. office.

The Washington Advocacy Director will coordinate Human Rights Watch's efforts to shape U.S. domestic and international human rights policy on issues of trade, aid, private and public diplomacy, and military and police relations. The Washington Advocacy Director also will take the lead on certain overarching issues such as the U.S. posture on the International Criminal Court or the use of sanctions to promote human rights.

Other current and upcoming vacancies include:

To be based in New York City:

* RESEARCHER ON THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA (Kosova/Macedonia & Albania)

* RESEARCHER ON THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA (Croatia and Bosnia-Hercegovina)

* CHILDREN'S RIGHTS RESEARCHER • PERSONNEL MANAGER • WEB ADVOCATE

To be based in Washington, D.C.:

* ADVOCACY CONSULTANT FOR THE INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT CAMPAIGN

* AMERICAS DIVISION ADVOCACY DIRECTOR • ARMS DIVISION ADVOCACY DIRECTOR

* ARMS DIVISION RESEARCHER

To be based in Tbilisi, Georgia:

* RESEARCHER ON THE CAUCASUS

To be based in Hong Kong:

* PART-TIME OFFICE ASSISTANT

To be based in sub-Saharan Africa:

* ARMS DIVISION FIELD INVESTIGATOR ON WEST AND CENTRAL AFRICA.

See the full text of these and other upcoming postings on our website:

www.hrw.org

or call: 212-290-4700 ext 315.

Salaries negotiable. Excellent benefits, incl. generous health & pension plans, and 20 vac. days/yr. EOE.
APPLICATIONS (indicating position of interest) MUST INCLUDE cover letter, resume, references and an unedit-
ed writing sample.

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH

350 Fifth Avenue, 34th Fl., New York, N.Y. 10118-3299 USA FAX: 212-736-1300

Henry A. Kissinger Scholar at the Library of Congress

The Kissinger Scholar will be a senior, distinguished, nine-month scholarly appointment at the Library of Congress for sustained research on issues of foreign policy and international affairs related to the United States, using the resources of the Library. The stipend for the nine-month period will be $100,000. The Scholar will be provided with research space and services at the Library of Congress.

Candidates may apply directly, using the application form available on line (URL: www.loc.gov/kissinger), or obtainable by fax or mail from the Office of Scholarly programs at the Library of Congress (address below). Candidates also may be identified to the Selection Committee by nomination. Once it is determined that the nominee is willing to be a candidate, he or she will be sent the application form.

Applications will require a brief statement (no more than three double-spaced pages) of the proposed research, an indication of the kinds of material at the Library of Congress that will be of use in the research, evidence of prior scholarly work and publication, and the names of three people who can be reached for letters of recommendation. Completed applications and supporting material should be postmarked no later than February 15, 2001, and sent to:

Office of Scholarly Programs

Library of Congress LJ 120

101 Independence Ave., SE

Washington, DC 20540-4860, USA

Tel. 1-202-707-3302

Fax 1-202-707-3595

Email: scholarly@loc.gov

Applications may be submitted by fax or email, but a hard copy should also be sent as confirmation.

THE ECONOMIST JANUARY 20TH 2001

91

01/23/2001 TUE 10:17

FAX 202 707 3595

OSP

001

Fax

**Name:** Peter Rodman
**Organization:** The Nixon Center
**Fax:** 202-887-5222
**Phone:** 202-887-5699
**From:** JoAnne Kitching
Secretary to the Director
Library of Congress
**Tel.:** 202-707-6239
**Date:** January 23, 2001
**Subject:** Vendor Survey Form
**Pages:** 2

Dear Mr. Rodman:

I am forwarding a Vendor Survey form for you to complete where indicated. Once completed, please fax it back to me as soon as possible. Federal regulations require us to transfer funds electronically. My fax number is 202-707-3595.

Thank you.

Attachment

Foreign Affairs Links

http://www.foreignaffairs.org/links.html

# FOREIGN AFFAIRS

## Reader Services

## The Foreign Affairs Guide to International Affairs on the Internet

**NEWS | COMMENTARY | ORGANIZATIONS | SCHOOLS | THINK TANKS**

## Related Websites

**WORLD AFFAIRS COUNCILS | MULTICULTURAL RESOURCES | RESOURCES BY REGION**

## Article

### Summaries

## WORLD NEWS

### Electronic Newsstand Homepage

Foreign Affairs, and several other magazines with international outlooks.

### IGC's News and Publications page

Index of alternative news resources, electronic versions of printed magazines, and television and radio broadcasts.

### Home

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About half of each day's paper, in abstracted form, for free.

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University of Illinois provides full-text of State Department publications and press releases.

### United States Information Agency

Broadcast text and information about international grants, programs, etc.

### Voice of America

Daily transcripts of the VOA News reported around the world; stories are indexed and the prior week's worth of news is kept on site; lack of index makes finding what you want a bit dicey.

### Time Daily

A presentation of daily news events similar to Time's.

### The Omnivore

Daily news interlaced with links to historical information.

### Mercury Web Center: San Jose Mercury News

Full stories with photos and some breaking news.

### Commercial Online Newspaper Services

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Foreign Affairs Links

## Search of AP Wire

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## On-Line Magazines

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Read in over 180 countries, aspires to offer "clear reporting, commentary and analysis on world politics, business, finance, science, technology and the arts."

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## USA Today

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# COMMENTARY

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## The Atlantic Monthly

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## Arms Control Today

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## Le Monde Diplomatique

Introduction in English, thereafter materials in French. News and commentary. Updated monthly. Well-designed directories for searching.

## Mother Jones Magazine

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## The New Republic

One of the top opinion magazines in the country; long tradition of healthy contention.

## Policy Review

Article excerpts (Fall 1992 -- ). Full text of each issue since 1995.

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Foreign Affairs Links

## SIPRI Yearbooks

One of the reference staples for issues of arms levels, treaties, number and type of conflicts, etc.; parts available in Acrobat form.

## Survival

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Article excerpts (Winter 1993/94 --)

### The Marketplace of Political Ideas

Pointers to Democratic sites, Republican sites, third party sites, non-partisan sites, political groups on the Left, Right, and "Fringes", and a variety of political science pointers.

### World Policy Journal

Published by the World Policy Institute at the New School for Social Research in New York City, this journal features articles on a broad range of social, historical, and cultural trends.

# INTERNATIONAL AND MULTINATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

## U.N. Foundation

### Meridian International Center

Meridian International Center is a nonprofit educational and cultural institution that promotes international understanding through the exchange of people, ideas, and the arts.

### United Nations Peace-Keeping Operations

#### The Electronic Embassy

A site to help embassies better serve their constituents.

#### DiploNet

Targeted to the information needs of diplomats in the post-Cold War era.

#### The World Bank

Information center for the multinational lending institution.

### Inter-American Development Bank

Targets development in Latin America and the Caribbean.

### The World Health Organization

Disease, nutrition, and vaccination reports, studies, and programs.

### United States Agency for International Development (USAID)

Country information on development, environmental reports, etc.

### Central Intelligence Agency

The World Factbook and Factbook on Intelligence.

### International Trade Law Project

Up on the web for two years; project sponsored by the law faculty at Norway's University of Tromso; covers U.N., NAFTA, EU, maritime law, etc.

### Human Rights Watch

Text and links maintained by Human Rights Watch and related organizations.

### Amnesty International Home Page

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Foreign Affairs Links

Information on human rights cases and activities.

## The Peace Corps Web Page

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Includes a major resource directory and a search engine for the EnviroWeb.

## Commission on Global Governance

Information on global community affairs.

## Online Intelligence Project

Free resource to those persons with an interest in international news, commerce, and reference resources on the web.

## UNICEF - United Nations Childrens Fund

What UNICEF is doing; what it is advocating; the problems it is trying to address; text of State of the World's Children report and others.

## WWW Virtual Library

International Affairs Resources, now with over 1500 annotated links in many areas of international affairs.

# LEARNING INSTITUTIONS

## Brookings Institution - Foreign Policy Studies

Books, articles, opinion, events, and internet chats on foreign policy topics at the Brookings Institution, an independent organization devoted to nonpartisan research, education, and publication in economics, government, foreign policy, and the social sciences generally.

## The Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence,

### University of St Andrews in Scotland

The centre is the only independent academic research institute in the United Kingdom dedicated to the study of terrorism and related forms of political violence.

## The Human Rights Library of the University of Minnesota

Holds a collection of over ninety of the most important international human rights instruments -- treaties, declarations, and other materials -- together with authoritative citations.

## International Affairs Resources

Virtual Library: International Affairs Resources, now with over 1750 selected and annotated links in 37 international affairs categories.

## Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy

Associated with Tufts University.

## International Studies Resources on the Internet

### School of International Affairs

Established at Georgia Tech in 1970.

## John F. Kennedy School of Government Home Page, Harvard

### University

Under construction: lists of case studies, course catalog, pointers to

4 of 10

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Foreign Affairs Links

other Harvard sites.

**Princeton University: Woodrow Wilson School of International and Public Affairs**

**Stanford Center for International Security and Arms Control**

Information about ongoing projects, lists of recent publications, some text available for downloading.

**University of California Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation**

Wide-ranging subject matter: defense, region studies, environment, economics, etc.

**Loyola College (Baltimore) Department of Political Science**

Offers the Strategic Intelligence page on the Web. This page consists of pointers to U.S. intelligence community sites, military intelligence sites, organizational sites related to strategic intelligence, recent documents related to strategic intelligence, and a selected list of intelligence related journals, articles, and papers. Included are connections to the CIA, FBI, Treasury Department, ATF, Secret Service, selected declassified intelligence satellite photographs (CORONA), IntelWeb, and selected articles from issues of Covert Action Quarterly, among others.

## THINK TANKS, ADVOCACY GROUPS, & NGOs

**Carnegie Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict**

**International Relations and Security Network (ISN)**

Includes an excellent, searchable clearinghouse of annotated links to sites in the field of international relations with a focus on security issues.

**Academic and Security Network -- DEFSEC NET**

**Center for Contemporary Diplomacy**

**Centre for Research in International Migration and Ethnic Relations**

Research and activities focus on European ethnic and migration issues.

**Centre for World Indigenous Studies: Fourth World Documentation Project**

**The Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research**

International relations & materials, through a Swiss lense.

**Conflictnet**

**The Council on Foreign Relations**

**Greenpeace International**

Information about environmental campaigns; text of press releases, publications; photos of endangered places, protest actions, etc.

**International Institute for Sustainable Development**

Nonprofit established and supported by governments of Canada and

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Foreign Affairs Links

Manitoba; publications, background, events on how to sustain
economic growth without wrecking the environment.

Stockholm International Peace Insititute (SIPRI)

Now headed toward its 30th year; much useful information on arms
transfers and production, chemical and biological weapons, military
technology, and more.

Environmental News Network

A wide array of enviro-news, events, resources, products, and more

Main Street

The Republican National Committee's Virtual Town on the Web

The Heritage Foundation

Policy magazines, books, discussion areas, and more

WORLD AFFAIRS COUNCILS AND RELATED
ORGANIZATIONS

✓World Affairs Council of Washington, D.C.

Minnesota International Center

✓Houston World Affairs Council

✓World Affairs Council of Philadelphia

World Affairs Council of Reading and Berks County

World Affairs Council of Western Michigan

Foreign Policy Research Institute

✓World Affairs Council of Pittsburgh
Detroit Council for World Affairs

Columbia World Affairs Council

World Affairs Council of Maine

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✓World Affairs Council of Boston

Center for Peace and Conflict Studies

✓World Affairs Council of San Antonio

Charlotte World Affairs Council

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Foreign Affairs Links

MULTICULTURAL RESOURCES

University of Maryland Diversity Web

This database contains campus, local, national and international
academic material relating to the following areas: age, class,
disability, ethnicity, gender, national origin, race, religion & sexual
orientation.

Dakota State University Multicultural Resources

Dakota State University has assembled links to additional sites
dealing with multiculturalism.

University of Iowa Libraries - Diversity: Multicultural Studies

The University of Iowa has compiled a number of links to various
cultural and ethnic web sites.

American Indian Research and Policy Institute

Links to other sites dealing with Native American issues.

Albury-Wodonga Multicultural Resource Center

Directory of multicultural sites throughout the World Wide Web

Minnesota Indian Affairs Council

Contains information about the Indian Affair Council's organization and programs, tribes with reservations in Minnesota, treaties that affect the state and its Indian population and educational reference material.

Sami Association of North America

A site focused on the Sami, an indigenous people of Norway,
Sweden, Finland and Northwest Russia.

International Indian Treaty Council

An organization working for the protection of Indigenous Peoples
from North, Central, South America and the Pacific

University of Pittsburgh - Native American Sites

Provides access to home pages of individual Native Americans and
Nations and to other sites that provide information about American
Indians.

NativeNet

Provides a set of electronic mailing lists and archives and maintains a
list of references to information relating to indigenous people all
over the world.

The Universal Black Pages

A complete and comprehensive listing of African diaspora related Web pages.

The Third World Foundation

The Third World Foundation implements programs which allow
developing nations to apply newly developed scientific
methodologies to these problems - Includes database and electronic
forum.

DR One

News on the Government of the Dominican Republic.

US Department of State Bureau of South Asian Affairs

The Bureau of South Asian Affairs deals with U.S. foreign policy and U.S. relations with the countries in the South Asian region.

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Foreign Affairs Links

Includes press statements, country information, and publications
dealing with Asia.

The Electronic Newsletter of African Studies

An electronic newsletter of African studies posted on the web.

University of Virginia - The Carter G. Woodson Institute for
Afro-American and African Studies

Website for an interdisciplinary teaching and research center focused
on Afro-American Studies.

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
(NAACP)

Website for the NAACP, National Association for the Advancement
of Colored People.

Blacks in Government (BIG)

Contains information pertaining to the protection and rights of Black
civil servants.

Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities

Includes information on Hispanic resources for Universities and
Businesses.

League of United Latin American Citizens

Website focused on improving the circumstances and rights of Latin
American citizens.

National Black Media Coalition

An association working in the communications industry to effect
changes beneficial to African Americans.

National Urban League

Includes publications, resources, and events produced by the
National Urban League.

SITES FOR REGION AND COUNTRY STUDIES

Yahoo's Web Page Links by Geography.

Provides news and resources by region, nation, state, and city.

Virginia Commonwealth University

Trail guide to international sites & language resources.

ASIA/PACIFIC

Asian Studies

Pacific area plus Central Asia, South Asia, and even some Middle
Eastern countries.

China News Digest"

News from and about China.

CEAL -- Committee on East Asian Libraries

International Affairs and Pacific Studies Library

(University of California at San Diego)

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Foreign Affairs Links

Australian Government Homepage

Indonesia Homepage in Jakarta

Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)

Information from the Japanese Prime Minister's Official Residence

WWW Sites in Japan

Gateway to Malaysia

New Zealand Government Web Pages

Thailand Development Research Institute

Thailand Virtual Library

WESTERN EUROPE

Yahoo's Western Europe Links

The European Home Page

Grand Central for home pages of European nations.

Links to European WWW Servers

The Irish Times

The Italian News Agency

Italy's answer to the Associated Press, "18 regional offices [in Italy] and 90 offices throughout the world

CENTRAL & EASTERN EUROPE; CIS STATES

Center for Civil Society International

Estonian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Central European Regional Research Organization

Hungary -- Hungarian Government Information Server

Latvian National Gopher

Russia-GlasNet

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ACLS Constituent Learned Societies

http://www.acls.org/ls-cao.htm

About
the
ACLS

Fellowship
and Grant
Programs

Other
Program
Activities

Constituent
Learned Societies
Associates
Affiliates

ACLS
Publications

Online
Scholarly
Resources

Associates

Affiliates

ACLS Directory

The Constituent Societies of the American Council of Learned Societies are national or international organizations in the humanities and social sciences concerned with a broad field of humanistic study. Most are organizations composed of individual scholars; a few have only elected members, and a few accept only organizations as members. All are concerned with the promotion of research, scholarly publication, and education. Most of the member societies publish a scholarly journal and a newsletter, hold an annual meeting, and provide other services for their members. A few also maintain valuable collections of materials for scholarship. All are independent, not-for-profit, non-partisan organizations.

The principal staff members of the constituent societies comprise the **Conference of Administrative Officers (CAO)**. The CAO elects a seven-member Executive Committee, whose Chair also serves as an *ex officio* member of the Board of Directors. The CAO meets twice a year to discuss programmatic and organizational issues. Highlights of recent CAO meetings are available in the **EXTRA! Archives**.

Learned societies seeking application to ACLS should consult
<u>membership information.</u>

The <u>ACLS Directory of Constituent Societies</u> provides individual listings for all current members, including information on staffing, membership dues, meetings, and publications as well as links to organizational Websites. The list of constituent societies below is also linked to Directory information.

Constituent Societies of the ACLS

African Studies Association

American Academy of Arts and Sciences

American Academy of Religion

American Anthropological Association

American Antiquarian Society

American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies

American Comparative Literature Association

American Dialect Society

American Economic Association

American Folklore Society

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K - American Historical Association

American Musicological Society

American Numismatic Society

American Oriental Society

American Philological Association

American Philosophical Association

American Philosophical Society

K - American Political Science Association

American Psychological Association

American Schools of Oriental Research

American Society for Aesthetics

American Society for Eighteenth Century Studies

American Society for Legal History

American Society for Theatre Research

K - American Society of Comparative Law

K - American Society of International Law

American Sociological Association

American Studies Association

Archaeological Institute of America

K - Association for Asian Studies

Association for Jewish Studies

Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies

Association of American Geographers

K - Association of American Law Schools

Bibliographical Society of America

College Art Association

College Forum of the National Council of Teachers of English

Dictionary Society of North America

K - Economic History Association

K - German Studies Association

Hispanic Society of America

History of Science Society

International Center of Medieval Art

K - Latin American Studies Association

K - Law and Society Association

Linguistic Society of America

Medieval Academy of America

Metaphysical Society of America

K - Middle East Studies Association

Modern Language Association

National Communication Association

K - Organization of American Historians

Renaissance Society of America

Sixteenth Century Studies Conference

Society for American Music

Society for Cinema Studies

Society for Music Theory

Society for Ethnomusicology

K - Society for French Historical Studies

Society for the History of Technology

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