CIRCUS SAINTS and SINNERS CLUB of AMERICA

"(The Nearly-Royal Order of Buffoonery)"

In more than a score of the larger cities across the United States there cavorts—to the frustration of many hotel managers (and their staffs) and to the delight of their exchequers—a madcap off-key club of successful business and professional men known as the “Circus Saints and Sinners.” A unique philanthropic organization, its national membership of over 4,000 boasts some of the wealthiest, wittiest, wackiest, liveliest, and most prominent men in the country.*

Rotary, Lions, and Kiwanis were never like this! The Club has a four-fold purpose: To perpetuate the cause of entertainment in its earliest (public) form — the circus; to promote good fellowship (i.e. win friends and influence people); to contribute to any community fund organized and operated exclusively for religious, charitable, scientific, literary or educational purposes; AND TO HAVE FUN DOING IT!

This wildest and wooliest “stag” club of all time boasts one of the most distinguished and exclusive memberships in the world. The roster includes statesmen, movie and television stars, social arbiters, athletes, educators, writers, and successful business men, the great and the near-great, most of them mature kids who’ve never outgrown their love for circus gags and high nonsense.

One never knows what to expect at a Saints and Sinners gathering. In a "Big Top" atmosphere each Saints and Sinners fete usually has a guest of honor whose official title for the event is "Fall Guy" (or "Fall Gal" as the guest may be), in the circus vernacular "a bloke about to be taken to the cleaners," though it's never quite that bad and it's all in good old American clean fun. Instead of being lauded, the guest of honor is literally roasted in highly-burlesqued "black-out" skits and "louse" biography, an highly irreverent ceremony, even though the Fall Guys, and Gals, are always distinguished and controversial figures who accept the whole dignity-slaying performance with its intended good humor. And, after being thus ill-feted, the "toasted" is allowed about three minutes to return a few barbs.

The "Fall Guys" and "Fall Gals" who have been so honored are many, but among the more celebrated are:

Honorable Harry S. Truman, President of the United States

General Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States

Honorable Richard M. Nixon, President of the United States

Honorable Hubert H. Humphrey, Vice President of the United States

Honorable Spiro T. Agnew, Vice President of the United States

Honorable Dean Rusk, Secretary of State

Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz

George Burns and Gracie Allen

Salvador Dali

Rocky Marciano

Joe DiMaggio

Frank Lloyd Wright

Milton Berle

Eddie Arcaro

Maurice Chevalier

Franklin D. Roosevelt, Jr.

Mme. Perle Mesta

Carol Channing

Ed Sullivan

and many, many others of similar prominence, including most of the members of the President's Cabinet.

*All alcoholics are not anonymous!

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The Club's general definition of a "Saint" is one who has actually performed professionally in a circus, while the "Sinner" is a good-natured give-and-take regular fellow who never performed in a circus but no doubt wishes he had.

Once a year, usually in the Spring, the Saints and Sinners hold their national convention—it lasts for three or more "liquidating" days (and nights), and with the exception of a short executive session is devoted to fun, in large quantities, the highlights of which are an hilarious costume parade, lots of gags and horseplay, ending with a Fall Guy show and banquet. Ladies are invited and many lasting friendships are made and continued year after year among those who attend.

At the beginning of each and every meeting it is customary for the Saints and Sinners to have a tableau on the stage with a clown, water bucket, and gaily-painted wagon wheel (portraying the old circus-wagon driver), and the following "Tent Ritual" is repeated and then affirmed by the attending members and their guests with: "We will!"

"WE RISE TO DO HONOR TO THE ABSENT GUEST—THE ONCE FORGOTTEN CIRCUS TROOPER OF YESTERDAY. HE NEEDS US NOW TO GUIDE HIS DIMMING EYES, HIS FALTERING STEPS. AND TO SO REPAY IN A SMALL WAY THE JOY HE HAS ALWAYS GIVEN US; AS GOD HAS PROSPERED US, SO HAS HE GIVEN US MEMORY; WE WILL REMEMBER THE OLD AND TIRED TROOPER IN HIS FAILING YEARS. WE WILL STAND FAITHFULLY BY HIM. AND IF THAT IS YOUR SINCERE DETERMINATION, PLEASE SO DECLARE BY SAYING — 'WE WILL!'"

Although the Sinners originally set out to be Saints of mercy for circus performers in need of financial assistance, with the decline of "Big Top" tours the tents contribute to a multitude of recognized worthy charities without regard for race or creed.

Revised
6-1-68

"HOW IT ALL BEGAN"

*A Brief History of the*
CIRCUS SAINTS & SINNERS CLUB OF AMERICA

Just about the original of any known organized circus-fan activity in this country was the old Mighty Watson Shows, a "mythical" circus, which was started in Bradford, Pennsylvania, "City of Oil," October 14, 1910. Sometimes affectionately referred to as "The Greatest Farce on Earth," it is still actively in existence.

Each year this stag group would have a sort of "clambake" or something on that order, usually in the Summer, and each time they would make some unsuspecting "fall guy" the "Sole Owner" of The Mighty Watson Shows, a title which he held as head of the group for a year. The Sole Owner was responsible for the organization, its operation, and its activities during his term of office. This man never knew he had been chosen until it was announced, or it suddenly appeared in print, usually in the local newspapers.

At the end of his year it was his duty to plan, finance, and produce a show and outing for the group, and naturally each year the Sole Owner would try to outdo the party of his predecessor. Prominent among these were Art Haggerty, Jack Walker, and in particular Thede Barnsdall, scion of Barnsdall Oil, who put up the money for many such events.

Later, around 1924 or 1925, Stanley F. Dawson, a ticket seller for the Ringling Brothers, Barnum & Bailey Circus, began to promote a circus fans association. On his tours with the circus he discussed his proposed project with circus enthusiasts Karl Kae Knecht, Evansville, Indiana; Marshall King, Alexandria, Virginia; and Bob Johnson, Concord, New Hampshire. However, Dawson's idea was to make some money for himself, so he was shunted aside by the others who developed a good fraternal organization and on May 10, 11, and 12, 1926 while the Ringling Brothers, Barnum & Bailey Circus was exhibiting in Washington, D.C., they held the first national convention of the Circus Fans Association of America at the old Arlington Hotel there. Their motto was, and is, "We Pay As We Go"—members never accept "Annie Oakleys" (free circus passes). In short, on circus days they pay their own way.

Through his column, "Circus Fans Notes" in BILLBOARD, and in VARIETY, and with names given to him by circus folk and friends, Karl Kae Knecht, cartoonist, newspaper columnist, and well-known circus fan, was successful in securing many members for the Circus Fans Association which is active to this day. Ed Hanley and Fred Heckel of Bradford's "Mighty Watson Shows" were also instrumental in this Circus Fans movement. Of the original group there are now only two charter members living: Octogenarians Ed Hanley and Karl Kae Knecht, who was known as the "founder."

One of the Circus Fans, Charter Member No. 147 to be exact, was F. Darius Benham, the well-known "Fabulous Freddie," dapper and sartorially resplendent New York newspaper reporter and self-styled "promoter" who frequently covered the circuses for the old New York WORLD. It is said that his interest in establishing an organization to aid needy circus troupers stemmed from one of his visits to the circus at the Madison Square Garden where he came upon an overworked old wagon driver, in his eighties, sprawled upon a bed of hay, too tired and too weak to move. "Why don't you quit?" asked Freddie. "There ain't no place for old circus folks

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to go," was the sad reply. Benham attended that first meeting of the Circus Fans Association of America in Washington, and he wanted to become President of the C.F.A. He later did become National President of the Circus Saints & Sinners Club of America.

In the C.F.A. state organizations are called "Tops" and city groups, "Tents," and in New York City the group headed in the main by Benham, Chalmers Pancoast (also a newspaper man), and Frank Baldwin, Jr. (who formerly lived in Richmond, Va.) named theirs the P. T. Barnum Tent. (It is interesting to note that Baldwin first met Benham through Fred Heckel of "The Mighty Watson Shows.") At the 1926 convention in Washington a Constitution and By-Laws for the Circus Fans Association were drawn up by Freddie Benham and Chalmers Pancoast and they were, Freddie claimed, given permission to establish their organization in New York City as "P. T. Barnum Top No. 1." However, the Roster of the Circus Fans Association shows the Chicago group as "John L. Davenport Tent No. 1" organized August 27, 1927, and the Iowa State group as "Ringling Brothers Top No. 1," organized August 4, 1926. There is no doubt that the dispute over which group should be honored with the "Top No. 1" title brought about the withdrawal of the New York City membership from the Circus Fans Association of America.

The second national convention of the C.F.A. was held in West Baden, Indiana, in April, 1927, when the John Robinson Circus was there, and the third convention in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in May, 1928, during the tour of the Miller Brothers 101 Wild West. Freddie Benham attended the Philadelphia meeting, as did Chalmers Pancoast of the New York Circus Fans, in an effort to have theirs named the "No. 1 Top," but the trip proved in vain.

Then at the fourth annual convention, which was held in Chicago June 27-30, 1929, Freddie Benham again appeared, armed this time he said with proxies representing the P. T. Barnum members and insisting that the New York group be recognized as "Top No. 1." Karl Kae Knecht recalls that "Benham was accompanied by a young Vanderbilt of New York City, but he didn't come into the meeting, just stood outside in the doorway. It was then that Freddie tried to take over...he always wore a derby hat then...and he stood up at the speaker's table and wanted to vote the proxies he so claimed he had from Washington, D.C. members...holding his hat as though he had same in his hat. But I stood next to him and looked, and told the gathering that Freddie had nothing in his hat. He didn't get any votes, and so he stalked right out." Freddie and his New York members, either chagrined or embarrassed, resigned their tent from membership in the Circus Fans Association of America.

Benham, who grew up in the fashionable Long Island suburb, Glen Cove, had a strong desire to help old circus people. His early friendship with the Roosevelt boys of Oyster Bay, Teddy's sons, gave him a social background which successfully helped him in securing world-famous "Fall Guys" for the New York tent's luncheons for many years, an accomplishment which resulted in the Saints and Sinners Club's having the exclusive membership it has today. He himself was a born entertainer; truly an exhibitionist, in his boyhood days he would charm the Glen Cove townsfolk with his trick bicycling stunts (following which he would pass his cap around of course). He once mortified his mater by riding a horse up Main Street in Walter L. Main's Circus parade, dressed as a Cossack. Freddie visualized an organization which would raise funds to help indigent circus people, the aged, perhaps even to build for them an old-age home.

The P. T. Barnum Tent of New York used to meet weekly at luncheons in Sardi's Restaurant on 44th Street, and after withdrawing from the Circus Fans Association they became more familiarly known as "Sardi's Saints and Sinners." They got the name from a famous Bohemian writers' group of newspapermen and editors organized in Chicago in 1883 as the "Saints and

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Sinners Club" by Eugene Field whose works were "best sellers" of the day. It is said that this
group boasted among its membership "popular ministers of the gospel."

It was then that Fred Pitzer, who was not one of the original members of the P. T. Barnum
Tent, C.F.A., added "Circus" to the club's name, and it became known as the "Circus Saints and
Sinners Club." Pitzer also composed the "Tent Ritual," a prayer-like petition repeated to this
day by tent members and their guests at the beginning of each and every meeting.

In September 1927 Frank Baldwin, Jr., was visiting his native Richmond, Va., and attended an outing at Amelia Court House, Va., sponsored by the "Cozy Corner Club" of Richmond. Baldwin was a good friend of Harry Tucker, a Richmond newspaper reporter, and his son, Ben, and following a discussion of the New York tent of the Circus Fans Association they approached Joe Kass on this occasion about starting an organization in Richmond to aid old or indigent circus people, Richmond being the gateway or crossroads between New York and the Big Top at Sarasota, Florida.

These men interested others in their project, and starting with a membership of fifteen they elected officers and named their group the W. W. Workman Tent as W. W. Workman was the Advance Man for the P. T. Barnum show in Europe. Chalmers Pancoast also was instrumental in promoting this new group of circus enthusiasts of which William H. Adams, a member of the Virginia State Senate and President of the Board of Aldermen, was elected President.

Their first meeting of record was held on October 1, 1929, and the First Annual Convention of the Circus Saints and Sinners Club of America, of which the Richmond fans became a part, was held in Richmond, Va., at the old William Byrd Hotel on Broad Street during Virginia's "State Fair Week," October 11th and 12th, 1929. Newspapers of the day indicated that the Richmond tent intended to elect William H. Adams as National President (however, Dr. Clifford Rudd was chosen); also that there was at the time a member group somewhere in West Virginia named the "Annie Oakley Tent." There may have been other tents back in those days, but if so they seem to have vanished with their makers.

That "Annie Oakley Tent" mentioned in the Richmond newspapers was actually the Wheel-
ing, W.Va. tent which later changed its name to the "Poodles Hannaford Tent," so the Wheeling
boys have the distinction of being one of the first tents, after New York and Richmond. Sinner
Norman Greig of Wheeling is quoted to have said that the name "Annie Oakley" in circus lingo
means "for free" and everyone in the Wheeling tent pays his own way—besides they wanted
their tent named after a living person who was the same as their members—"alive!", and thus
they chose Poodles Hannaford when the tent was renamed in 1933. Poodles, one of the most
famous clowns in our day, passed away in 1967—he was in his seventies.

Perhaps the New York Saints and Sinners didn't consider their fair city the best spot for the
national headquarters of the organization. At any rate a Certificate of Incorporation was issued
at Richmond, Va., home of the W. W. Workman Tent, on December 17, 1929, to the Circus
Saints and Sinners Club of America, Inc., with the following officers named thereon: Dr. Clifford
H. Rudd, President (Richmond, Va.); Dr. E. H. Rowelle, Secretary (New York City); Frank V.
Baldwin, Jr., Treasurer (New York City); Charles W. Moss, Counselor (Richmond, Va.). The
Certificate listed 600 Travelers Building, Richmond, Va. (the office of Charles W. Moss) as head-
quarters, and the following Trustees, all of Richmond: Ben C. Tucker; John C. Goode; Charles
W. Moss; Dr. Clifton H. Rudd.

In those years following the "big topple" on Wall Street, for many life was a struggle and the
Saints and Sinners in New York would pay for one luncheon with the proceeds from the previous—

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Vince Sardi claimed for years they still owed him for one luncheon when their membership became too great for Sardi's and in July 1931 they moved to larger quarters.

Around this time ladies were invited to join and to attend the meetings of the P. T. Barnum Tent, which nearly killed the formerly "stag" organization, and the membership began to drop to an all-time low. Freddie Benham withdrew from the tent, which seems to have folded then and there, and with co-founders Frank Baldwin, Jr.; Chalmers Pancoast; and Fred P. Pitzer, he created the Dexter Fellows Tent on May 4, 1932, named after the world-famous publicity chief of the Ringling Brothers, Barnum and Bailey Circus. To liven things up, Freddie had a brainstorm: Guests of honor for the luncheons, celebrities from all walks of life who would be called "Fall Guys," in circus parlance "a poor yokel who takes the rap for something." The first and most notorious of these was Count Felix von Luckner, the infamous World War I German submarine commander. At his initiation he was shown a bowl of hungry goldfish, then blindfolded and fed raw oysters which he was told were the goldfish.

The national emblem of the Saints and Sinners, the design of which is a devil's trident and a halo, was the work of Dr. Louis Clement, member of the Dexter Fellows Tent. Les Kramer of that tent is the proud possessor of the original which was made of copper.

Many of the members of the Mighty Watson Shows (actually started by Bradford's fun-loving circus fans, Thede Barnsdall and Art Haggerty, as a gag) became affiliated with the Lillian Leitzel Tent which, promoted by Fred Heckel, was organized in February 1932, and in 1938 the Bradford Saints and Sinners bought out the Mighty Watson Shows of which, during the years 1934-1937, the McKean County, Pa., Shrine Club, Zem Zem Temple, were the "Sole Owners."

Bradford's Fred Heckel was one of the original members of the Lillian Leitzel Tent who figured prominently in the early growth of the national Circus Saints and Sinners Club which has since mushroomed into twenty-some-odd tents located in prominent cities all over the United States. In Takarustka, Japan, July 15, 1953, the "T'aintso Tent" was organized with Colonel Herbert Blizzard as its first President, and there is a similar organization which is quite active in London.

New York City was the scene of the second national convention, in 1930, and Fred P. Pitzer was elected National President. Fred has over 25 years was the editor of SHORT HAULS, the New York Tent's publication which at one time was sent to all members of the national organization. He not only served as President in 1930, but again in 1949 and 1950.

Richmond, Va., was the convention site for nine years, from 1931 through 1939, and trouble brewed during those years—to quote Les Kramer, script writer for the New York tent, there were many "lovely feuds." Charles Moss of Richmond was elected President in 1931 and 1932; Charley Somma of Richmond, in 1933; and Freddie Benham in 1934. During these early years there was a Massachusetts tent in Gloucester, "Annie Oakley Tent" in Chicago, and in Hollywood, Calif., the "Ed Shipp Tent."

Freddie Benham retired as National President when John C. Goode of Richmond was elected in 1935, and it seems that Freddie "The Founder" was also Freddie "The Feuder" for the New York tent of which Freddie was the "power" retired then and there with Freddie from the national Circus Saints and Sinners.

John Goode continued as the National President in 1936, and then Remmie Arnold, owner of the Arnold Pen Co., and better known as the "Pen Potentate" of Petersburg, Va., was elected National President in 1937 and again in 1938. Together with Harold Hoffman, the former

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Governor of New Jersey who had succeeded Tony Sarg and Orson Kilbourn as the President of the New York Dexter Fellows Tent, affable Remmie Arnold was successful in healing the breach between the national Club and the New York tent, so that when the ninth straight convention was held in Richmond in 1939 Harold Hoffman was elected the new National President.

New York City has been the site of three National Conventions, and oddly enough, they were held in 1930, 1940, and 1950. The 1940 event held at the old Astor Hotel during the New York World's Fair was a stag, but the Sinnerettes were entertained at separate functions. So great was the enthusiasm over the success of the 1940 convention in New York that it carried over into the 13th convention at Virginia Beach, Va. It turned out to be an unlucky "13th," however. The New York gang, headed by Governor Hoffman, Tex O'Rourke (that tent's renowned "louse" biographer), Les Kramer, and artist Jolly Bill Steinke, invaded Virginia Beach's sedate Cavalier Hotel via special train for the 1941 high nonsense and put on a bang-up convention with but little help, they claimed, from the Norfolk hosts and bitter over what they considered a "lack of southern hospitality," the New Yorkers again withdrew from the national Club.

With the advent of World War II, Harold Hoffman went off to fight the Nazis as did many of our fighting Sinners, and no effort was made to hold conventions until five years later when Richmond had what was actually a reorganization convention. Because the New York group was not a part of the national setup, Governor Hoffman stepped down as President and his term of seven years was at an end.

This longest term as National President was followed by the shortest, for David Satterfield of Richmond, Va., who was elected at the 1946 meeting died shortly thereafter and Dr. Guy R. Fisher of Staunton, Va., finished his term. There was no convention held in 1947 but during this period the eloquent Doc Fisher and Harold Hoffman worked to get the Dexter Fellows Tent back into the fold. In 1948 they were successful, and a special-train delegation from New York attended the 1948 Richmond convention, a truly great-fun gathering. A. D. "Ham" Watson of Richmond was chosen National President that year, followed by Fred P. Pitzer of New York at the famous Bradford convention of 1949 gag-filled with "stopped" trains, parades, fireworks, and pleasure.

In 1950 New York's Dexter Fellows Tent hosted the convention with another typical Hoffman extravaganza, and then in 1951 the Sinners were again at Virginia Beach for the unforgettable fun-fest of all when the "Confederate charge" captured the New York special train. H. James "Jim" Schonblom of Bradford was elected National President in '51 and again in 1952 at the convention in Richmond. It is through Jim's foresight to keep notes on the Club's activities as well as pertinent information concerning the Circus Fans that the writing of this history has been made possible.

The first and greatest of the Atlantic City conventions held by the Saints and Sinners was in 1953. William C. "Bill" Kutz of Virginia Beach, better known as that "S.O.B.," was chosen National President at the Ritz Carlton by the Sinners who not only took over the hotel, they covered the lawn with a tent and set up a "sideshow." There was an hilarious costume parade of conventioners from the hotel down to Convention Hall, with prizes for the best costumes.

The never-to-be forgotten Governor passed away before the next convention. Held in Buffalo, it was a Hoffman-styled jamboree with Bill Kutz again getting the Presidency in 1954, even against the gag-opposition of Buffalo's Tom Holling backed up by Scotch Bagpipers, smoke bombs, firecrackers, and Les Kramer's skits. A tremendous thunderstorm roared overhead and some said that old Harold was up there in the "Big Top" raisin' hell.

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The Hoffman era was ended, and so were the fantastically staged and well-attended conventions of the past seven years. Atlantic City's Ritz Carlton was again the scene of the national convention in 1955, and Harold R. "Robbie" Robinson, President and Founder of the P. T. Barnum Tent in Washington, D.C., became the National President. In 1956 the Dexter Fellows Tent again withdrew from the national organization, though many of their members attended the memorable convention held that year at the Shoreham Hotel in Washington, D.C., when George Burns and Gracie Allen were Fall Guy and Fall Gal at the closing evening banquet. Creston E. Kite of Maplewood, N.J., assumed the Presidency that year.

Virginia Beach and the Cavalier again hosted a very pleasant convention in 1957 with Cres Kite again the President. Then in 1958 George Gleasner of Buffalo took over the leadership at the Atlantic City convention, and in 1959 at Miami L. H. "Deda" Mundin of Richmond became National President. Big floor shows and parties featured the 1960 gathering in Pittsburgh at the new Hilton there when John E. McClure of Washington, D.C., took over the reins of the Presidency. Dr. N. B. Cole of New York City (a member of the Washington tent) became President at the 1961 convention in Atlantic City and was re-elected in Buffalo at the gag-filled convention there in 1962. 1963 found the Sinners and their gals sunning in the Bahama Islands where Richard T. Kemper of Pompano Beach, Fla., became National President. Kemper was re-elected at the Cavalier, Virginia Beach, when the conventioners gathered there in 1964.

Washington, D.C., was again the convention town in 1965 when George Q. Medlin of Newark, N.J., became President. He succeeded himself the following year, 1966, with the convention at Atlantic City. In 1967 Lloyd H. Burton of Chesapeake, Va., took over the Presidency at Caesar's Palace when the new Las Vegas tent hosted, and was re-elected in Miami in 1968.

LIST OF TENTS

<table><thead><tr><td>TENT NAME & MAILING ADDRESS</td><td>DATE FOUNDED</td><td>NAME OF FOUNDER OR 1st PRES.</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>BLUCH LANDOLF TENT<br>629 Central Avenue<br>Dunkirk, New York</td><td>August 29, 1948</td><td>Charles "Babe" Flahaven<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>BUSTER KEATON TENT<br>OF PALM BEACHES<br>3333 North Federal Highway<br>Boca Raton, Florida</td><td>December 1963</td><td>J. W. Pipes<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>CONNIE MACK TENT<br>5203 Rutland Court<br>Cape Coral, Florida 33904</td><td>March 2, 1968</td><td>Alois A. Schmidt<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>CHARLES H. CONSOLVO TENT<br>P. O. Box 10085<br>Norfolk, Virginia 23513</td><td>October 1935</td><td>Charles H. Consolvo<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>CIRCUS TENT, S&S OF LOS ANGELES<br>315 S. Beverly Drive<br>Beverly Hills, California</td><td>February 2, 1952</td><td>Jerome Weber<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>CLYDE BEATTY TENT<br>P.O. Box 1900<br>Miami, Florida 33101</td><td>April 25, 1952</td><td>Robert H. George<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>ED WYNN TENT (Philadelphia)<br>1175 Rydal Road<br>Rydal, Pennsylvania</td><td>January 10, 1964</td><td>Joseph C. Scott<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>EMMETT KELLY TENT<br>P.O. Box 1347<br>St. Petersburg, Florida 33731</td><td>September 24, 1956</td><td>Lowell T. Johnston<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>GEORGE A. HAMID TENT<br>3005 Atlantic Avenue<br>Atlantic City, N.J. 08401</td><td>January 1, 1963</td><td>John P. Schlicher<br>Founder</td></tr><tr><td>GUY R. FISHER TENT<br>P.O. Box 221<br>Harrisonburg, Virginia</td><td>July 29, 1963</td><td>David H. Stovall<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>HAROLD G. HOFFMAN TENT OF N.J.<br>53 Far Brook Drive<br>Short Hills, New Jersey 07041</td><td>September 16, 1959</td><td>John V. Breslin<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>HUGH B. SPROUL TENT (Staunton)<br>P.O. Box 37<br>Waynesboro, Virginia 22980</td><td>August 3, 1939</td><td>Augustus N. Dull<br>1st President</td></tr></tbody></table>

List of Tents

Page Two

<table><thead><tr><td>TENT NAME & MAILING ADDRESS</td><td>DATE FOUNDED</td><td>NAME OF FOUNDER OR 1st PRES.</td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>HUMPTY TENT<br>P.O. Box 1153<br>Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15230</td><td>Organized 1949<br>Actual C.S.S.C.A.<br>date April 23, 1953</td><td>James Thomas Shea<br>1st "Egg Salted Humpty"</td></tr><tr><td>JOE E. BROWN TENT (Pompano Beach)<br>P.O. Box 5069<br>Lighthouse Point, Florida 33064</td><td>November 1958</td><td>Richard T. Kemper<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>JUMBO TENT OF CONNECTICUT<br>P.O. Box 704<br>Westport, Connecticut</td><td>April 9, 1958</td><td>Walter Kiernan<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>LILLIAN LEITZEL TENT<br>80 Stone Avenue<br>Bradford, Pennsylvania 16701</td><td>January 20, 1932</td><td>James P. Casey<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>MILTON BERLE LAS VEGAS TENT<br>2700 Mason Avenue<br>Las Vegas, Nevada 89102</td><td>May 24, 1967</td><td>Samuel A. Landy<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>POODLES HANNAFORD TENT<br>(formerly Annie Oakley Tent)<br>371 Oglebay Drive<br>Wheeling, West Virginia 26003</td><td>1929</td><td>Frank V. Baldwin, Jr.<br>Founder</td></tr><tr><td>P. T. BARNUM TENT (Washington, D.C.)<br>2917 - 52nd Avenue<br>Hyattsville, Maryland 20781</td><td>January 19, 1952</td><td>Harold R. Robinson<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr><tr><td>BUFFALO BILL TENT<br>913 Main Street<br>Buffalo, New York 14203</td><td>February 1, 1940</td><td>Thomas L. Holling<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>RINGLING BROTHERS TENT<br>17 E. Baltimore St.<br>Baltimore, Maryland 21202</td><td>May 13, 1953</td><td>Samuel R. Zetzer<br>Founder</td></tr><tr><td>TOM THUMB TENT<br>P.O. Box 996<br>Rochester, New York 14603</td><td>February 11, 1952</td><td>Charles H. Ansley<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>W. W. WORKMAN TENT<br>9300 Newhall Road<br>Richmond, Virginia</td><td>October 1, 1929</td><td>William H. Adams<br>1st President</td></tr><tr><td>WILL ROGERS TENT<br>1753 Oakland<br>Petersburg, Virginia</td><td>January 14, 1936</td><td>Remmie L. Arnold, Sr.<br>Founder & 1st President</td></tr></tbody></table>

HOW TO ORGANIZE A NEW TENT

1. Get a group of good business, professional, and civic-minded fellows together, 25 or more, who are out for laughs, a good time, and good fellowship, who like a "high one" now and then, who still like to "look 'em over"; in short, guys who are always ready to help the down and out, who are willing to do a little work for worthy charities, and have fun doing it.

2. Elect officers: President, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer, and a Board of Directors (as (as many as you like). It is also suggested that you either elect or appoint a good local attorney as Counselor.

3. Adopt a tentative Constitution and By-Laws commensurate with those of the national organization of the Circus Saints and Sinners Club of America. A copy is obtainable from the national President or Secretary and would be more than helpful in drawing up your own.

4. Apply in writing to the national President for membership in the national organization. Such application should provide that on its acceptance the applicant tent will subscribe to and be bound by the Constitution and By-Laws of the national organization. Such application should also have appended to it a copy of the By-Laws and Constitution of the applicant tent. The application should also include a list of your members, their names, approximate ages, and occupations. This application will be referred to the Membership Advisory Committee of the national organization who will give their recommendation to the national officers.

5. If the new tent is within 100 miles of another tent, the new tent must first obtain permission from the other tent before it may be granted membership in the national organization.

6. As soon as the application is approved, the new tent will be notified and arrangements made for presentation of the new tent charter.

7. Each tent has complete autonomy on all matters not inconsistent with the Constitution and By-Laws of the national organization.

8. Memberships are not transferable from one tent to another, as each tent is autonomous; however, all tents permit visiting Sinners, or Saints, to attend their functions.

9. Most tents are named after a well-known circus personality, though this is not a requirement.

10. Members annual dues are usually reasonable.

11. The national organization receives as annual dues from each tent $3.00 per member, and an initiation fee of $5.00 for each new member; however, no tent shall pay less than $300.00 nor more than $1,000.00 in annual dues.

12. Each member whose address is submitted to the national Circus Saints and Sinners Club of America receives a subscription to its publication, "CIRCUS," published "spasmodically" for the fun of it in the unfermented citrus country of South Florida."

A SILVER YO-YO FOR KISSINGER

WASHINGTON — "Dear Henry" Kissinger was the happy Fall Guy last September at the P. T. Barnum Tent's annual Fall Guy Show and Luncheon at the Statler-Hilton here.

Over the years, the tent has roasted and toasted everyone from Richard Nixon to Martha Mitchell. This time, the President's foreign affairs adviser was lampooned, given a silver yo-yo ("for the man who has everything"), a painting of himself as a clown, and many other gifts. And when it was all over, he turned to the tent president, Barnee Breeskin, and said, "I really enjoyed this; it's better than the Gridiron."

Mac McGarry of WRC presented the tent's offi-
cers, ex-vice president Gen. Donald Dawson, a former
Truman aide; vice president Martin Levy, and the
chairman of the board of directors, Phil Talbott.

President Nixon wrote a letter as a previous Fall

Guy to the club asking that Dr. Kissinger be treated
"with the same degree of respect and consideration
that you have shown to others of us who have shared
this unique experience in the past."

Sen. Margaret Chase Smith of Maine, last year's Fall Gal, messaged that Kissinger's reward would be for the club "to bestow upon him the title of unofficial president of the United States."

The man who many consider to be the second
most important man in the world gave as good as
he got in his remarks.

Kissinger spoke with tongue in cheek about his
own "politic plans."

The hundreds of Washington business and political
leaders who are members of the club roared with
laughter when the President's recent emissary to
China and the Soviet Union responded to kidding about
what political office he might seek by noting that
"the reason I haven't run for political office is be-

(Continued on Page 3)

Robbie: "So here's whatcha wanta tell that Le Duc Tho guy . . . "

[LC]

The Fall Guy, with President Barnee Breeskin in background.

(Continued from Page 2)

cause there hasn't been an office for which I am
available that is adequate to my estimate of myself."

He said he had taken up the matter with the White
House legal department and they had suggested in-
troduction of a constitutional amendment making
naturalized citizens eligible to run for president in
1976 (Dr. Kissinger was born in Germany).

He said he had added two qualifications to that.
One was that in view of the importance of foreign
affairs, they ought to introduce another amendment
making native citizens ineligible.

"Then one of my staff members, who will go
far, told me that as we were at it, we might as well
couple this with a redesignation of the title that is
at issue," he said. "He asked me what I thought
of the title of emperor.

"So, after he had gotten out . . . I thought we
should ask the departments what they thought of this.
We asked the Joint Chiefs of Staff and they said that
would be fine just as long as we did not pick any
bombing targets. We asked the Department of State,

which said any title as long as I leave my present
job."

Dr. Kissinger said he thought there was one
language he spoke well and Germany was the one
place in the world in which "I might not be com-
spicuous for my accent."

"I got on television so I could hear myself, and I now find I speak German with a Swedish accent," he added.

"I am sure that my psychoanalyst will tell me
that my secret ambition is to star in a Swedish movie
as long as I can leave this job."

A newsman at the luncheon said "He was not this
excited about going to Peking."

Among those at the luncheon were Caspar W.
Weinberger, director of the office of management
and budget at the White House; John C. Whitaker,
Henry C. Cashen II, Tom C. Korologos and Kenneth
R. Cole, Jr., deputy assistants to the President;
George M. White, architect of the Capitol; John Leh-
man, of the White House staff, and Bryce N. Harlow,
former counsellor to the President.

HOFFMAN TENT RIBS NEWSMAN

An actor poses as Fall Guy Jim Jensen to spoof Hoffman Saints & Sinners.

NEWARK, N.J. — Jim Jensen, prize-winning newscaster and anchorman for CBS, was placed on the griddle before another capacity turnout of the Harold G. Hoffman Tent of New Jersey in the grand ballroom of the Robert Treat Hotel here, November 30th. President George Q. Medlin, as master of ceremonies, kept the proceedings moving at a brisk pace.

Joe Gootter, the tent's "louse biographer," brought repeated laughter from the audience as he took off on the Fall Guy with no holds barred and deft gags flying in the direction of the hot seat on the dais. "This is a big man in a big job," he declared. "There's big money in hot air. Jim is making a fortune by expelling gas." The biographer continued:

"New York's most popular and most handsome anchorman, Jensen has come a long way since he broadcast in Kenosha, Decatur, Peoria and a few SMALL towns. He's rugged and athletic, with both

feet on the ground. Show me a man with both feet on the ground, and I'll show you a man who can't get his pants off."

"In Decatur, he conducted a Saturday night program which he called 'This is Saturday Night.' How did he ever think of that title?"

"He was a pitcher in college, and is still pitching — Bull, not Ball. He keeps his hand in by pitching for the CBS team in the Broadway Show League and recently recorded a no-hitter. But who couldn't pitch a no-hitter against a bunch of guys who dance on tippy-toes and who crochet their own uniforms? On occasion, he gets wild. One game, he crippled a hot-dog vendor, a pigeon, and his right-fielder. If there's one word to describe his success on — and off — the field, it's Luck."

Jensen delivered a capable rebuttal, laced with humor and frank discussion of his career. The audience loved every minute of the program.

Checks were presented three charities — the Florida Sheriffs Boys Ranch, Lee Association for Retarded Children, and the Lee County Mental Health Association — by Tent President Alie Schmidt at the Cape Coral Country Club during the Con-

nie Mack Tent's annual Christmas Party. Left to right are Tax Assessor Harry Schooley, Tent Secretary Harold Miller, Schmidt and Circuit Judge William Lamar Rose. They represented the charities as Schmidt made the presentations.

KISSINGER, HENRY A. /B*

HUDSON INSTITUTE

QUAKER RIDGE ROAD, CROTON-ON-HUDSON, N. Y. 10520 CABLE ADDRESS HUDSON 914 RO 2-0700

February 12, 1971

Mr. Henry A. Kissinger
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500

Dear Henry:

You may recall that, when I saw you at the White House dinner on November 5 (on the occasion of the Earl Mountbatten), I asked if it would be possible to see you in your office for a few minutes (perhaps 20 or 30) to discuss something I wanted to discuss with you. You indicated that this would indeed be possible and suggested that I should contact your (then) assistant David Young.

I did so, and have been pestering Mr. Young or his more recent successor David Halperin regularly for something upwards of the past three months without any success to date. Mr. Halperin suggested in a telephone conversation this week that perhaps I should write you directly about this.

I can understand the very severe pressures on your time, and this letter is not in the nature of a complaint. Indeed, I am grateful that you are willing in principle to take on faith the fact that I might possibly justify taking up several minutes of your office time. However, it did seem potentially useful to write you about the matter.

The idea I wish to discuss with you is completely unsuited to a letter, to a telephone conversation, or to transmission through any available intermediary. You may think it a crackpot idea; my own initial reaction to the thought was that it was laughable, though I have since decided, as you will deduce, that it is not at all funny. In the event the idea should prove useable, it could be important. It is this potential importance that sustains my persistance in wishing to talk to you about it.

While the matter is not one of great urgency as of this week, it has the property that a potential opportunity may be missed if it is not considered

RECEIVED

JUN 14 1971

CENTRAL OFFICE

HUDSON INSTITUTE

KISSINGER, HENRY A.

May 11, 1971

The Hon. Henry A. Kissinger
The White House
Washington, D.C.

Dear Henry:

Let me review briefly the history of our attempts at a meeting. After first asking you about one last November 5, six months ago, and after persistently pursuing your office, we scheduled a meeting for late afternoon Tuesday March 2. The time available for that meeting got squeezed and we met for about three minutes, as you will recall, and the main thing we accomplished was to reschedule the meeting for the following Thursday (March 4) at 2:30 p.m.; but this meeting was cancelled that morning.

I was away myself the rest of March, but I have been pestering your office (via David Halperin) to re-schedule a meeting since early April. Mr. Halperin finally suggested that I should write you again to see if that will help.

The matter in question is obviously not one that should wait forever. If there is any reason why you do not want to see me, it would be better to say so forthwith and I shall then try to find some other channel. However, I should think it would be most useful for all concerned if you and I could have some further discussion; indeed I had the impression that you yourself (at the time of our brief meeting March 2) were interested in continuing the discussion.

I hope you still are. Anytime next week (May 17-21) would be particularly good for me, and I shall phone Mr. Halperin late this week to see if anything can be worked out.

Best personal regards.

DGB/mm

xc: Mr. David Halperin

RECEIVED
JUN 12 1971

CENTRAL FILES

COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS, INC.

THE HAROLD PRATT HOUSE | 58 EAST 68TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10021 | TEL. (212) 535-3300

CABLE: COUNFOREL, NEW

RECEIVED
KISSINGER'S O
1-6-74
SEP 15 F 1-6-74

1974 SEP 15 1-6 42

November 13, 1974

The Honorable Henry A. Kissinger
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500

Dear Dr. Kissinger:

Thank you for your letter of November 11 proposing William Hyland for membership in the Council which I am acknowledging for Paul Warnke. I know the Membership Committee will find your comments most helpful.

LB:MAM

RECEIVED
FEB 20 1975
CENTRAL FILES

Introduction

A touching tribute in memory of A. Whitney Griswold by Kingman Brewster, Jr. was printed in the 40 year Record of the Class of '29. Reading this, my thoughts turned to a Baccalaureate Address delivered by President A. Whitney Griswold on June 8, 1958. It starts with the sentence, "This has been a disillusioning year in the history of our country." Many would agree that these words could be written with even greater relevance today.

Anyway, they prompted me to reread that Baccalaureate
Address. I found it alive with all the wisdom and foresight
so characteristic of Whitney Griswold. And it occurred to
me that Kingman Brewster's tribute and Griswold's pene-
trating address would make stimulating reading even for
those friends of the Overbrook Press who do not share my
own interest in Yale affairs or my friendship with Kingman
Brewster or my vivid memories of Whitney Griswold.

Frank Altschul

A.Whitney Griswold

by Kingman Brewster, Jr.

Writing about Whit to his classmates is presumptuous. This would be true of any attempt to characterize Whitney Griswold to anyone who knew him—for no personal recollection of Whit dims with time. The most extraordinary fact about the man was his vividness, and the most extraordinary aftermath is that neither time nor distraction erase his image. Each of us who knew him still has his own highly personal recollection. From these I cannot subtract, to these I cannot add. But it is flattering to be asked to try by his classmates, of whom he was always fond and who were always proud of and loyal to him.

The persisting memory of Whit to me, and to most of his friends, I think, is one of gaiety. Somehow, even in despair, there was something to make light of. The story, the anecdote, the rhyme, was for the amusement of the teller at least as much as for the listener. Whit's hilarity came from within. Pomp and self-seriousness were the principal targets of his gleeful scorn. Such targets were plenty in a calling whose confreres were often type-casted for self-dignification; and many of whose gatherings he characterized as nothing more than occasions to strut. He did not lack ability to tease his own official way of life. At a meeting in Princeton in honor of his great friend and

I

counterpart, Harold Dodds, Whit characterized a day in the life of
the President.

"Seven o'clock, let's see, is that when we get up, Mr. Dodds, yes, seven o'clock. Reviews plans for the week. 7:05 pulls covers over head and moans. 7:10 wife tries to persuade him to get up. 7:11 persuasion fails. 7:15 university chaplain tries. 7:20 university psychiatrist tries. 7:25 combined operation succeeds.

"Eight o'clock breakfast. 8:20 heart burn. 8:30 arrives at office, stares blankly at huge pile of unanswered mail, sways dizzily in swivel chair, dictates replies. 10:30 finishes dictating. 10:31 finds needle in dictaphone is not engaged.

"Ten forty-five, treasurer with deficit report. 10:50 takes oxygen. 11:00 borrows five dollars from treasurer. 11:05 contributes same to Harvard College drive.

"Eleven ten, denies rumors Yale co-educational. 11:15 denies rumors Yale not co-educational. 11:30 receives threatening messages from alumni. 11:45 receives threatening messages from faculty.

"Eleven forty-six, tells Yale Daily News he cannot speak because he has to speak at Princeton. 11:47 tells Princetonian he cannot speak at Princeton because he has to speak at Yale. 11:50 tells Harvard he cannot speak. 12:00 lunch, one caraway seed, one glass of water. 12:30 back to bed."

In most men such adult impudence would have impeached any capacity for convincing earnestness. When his passionate conviction was aroused, however, Whit could fix you with the commanding stare and scowl of an Ahab. He was a truly fierce man when he felt that right was wronged, or when he set out to right a wrong. He did not suffer fools easily, and if he sensed anything of the scoundrel in a man, his wrath could draw quickly on a verbal arsenal ranging from earthy Elizabethan to the polished, refined wit of the eighteenth century. Whether rapier or blunter verbal instrument was used, the victim's fate was never in doubt. There was nothing of "on the one hand ... on the other." If the issue was one of fairness, decency, or just plain consideration, there was no need to qualify the judgment. His estimate of human quality more often than the abstraction of an issue triggered the explosions of Whit's ferocity. Opprobrium once dealt

2

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out was seldom withdrawn. He enjoyed the enmity of the vicious as much as he enjoyed the loyalty of friends.

For the same reasons that Whit was not placid or serene, let alone dull, he was a totally appealing first acquaintance and an enduring inspiration to those closest to him.

Whit's legacy to Yale can be counted in tangibles of endowment growth, University buildings, academic programs and appointments. All these were real and impressive accomplishments. I think, however, that a discerning historian will put ahead of these things less tangible bequests which no other person could have contributed so well.

First, I would put *style*. Not only verve and eloquence, but also perfectionism of thought and expression gave to Griswold's Yale a pride in quality of character and cleanness of execution. This became part of Yale's distinction just at a time when, in the nation at large, war and welfare, technology and bigness were submerging quality in a mass of quantity. No one else in his time did more to keep alive the excitement of high personal standards in American universities.

The second legacy was *pluck*. Whit was impatient with the deliberative process—especially faculty meetings—but never evaded a fight if an issue were drawn. He accepted, almost relished the fact that controversy inevitably meant that not all sources of support could be expected to agree on all issues. His sprightly courage in face of controversy helped to prepare the Yale community, especially the alumni community, better to take in stride the deeper turmoils which were destined after his death to wrack the Republic during the country's most unpopular war and in face of the urban social order's failure to deal effectively with the frustrations and inequities of racial and economic disadvantage. Yale's long heritage of courage under the pressure of crisis was vigorously renewed by President Griswold as the legacy of his office.

Finally, perhaps more in combination of *style* and *courage* than in addition to them, there was the precept of *integrity*—personal, pro-

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fessional and institutional. At a time when many Presidents were speaking out of at least two sides of their mouths as they went from constituency to constituency, Whitney Griswold was a clear, strong, consistent voice. His commitment was total; undiluted by pettiness, undistracted by ulterior ambition. All his powers of style and courage were dedicated to Yale.

The world, the academic world in particular, has changed so fast and so drastically since Whit died that I have naturally wondered, somewhat aimlessly, how he would have reacted to the world of "student power," "black power," and "draft resistance." Also, how would this generation of activists have reacted to him?

The two answers might be quite different. He would have been both saddened and outraged by so much that is rude, crude, and unattractive in the noisier, more exhibitionist minority of contemporary activists—often the most audible and visible, even though not usually the most representative. Manners mattered to him, and today's ill-mannered tempo would have, as the saying goes, driven him up the wall. His impatience would not have made it easy for him to listen through the process of consultation which seems essential if confrontation is not to rip the house apart.

The vast majority of today's students, however—including the most stridently critical among them—would, I think, have honored Whit; indeed I think they would have been genuinely fond of him; the more so perhaps because of the fury he would have let loose on their less considerate manifestations. They would have thought him "square." They would have mocked his fastidiousness. But he would have reached them where they care most—for honesty and for refusal to compromise.

And today's students, and generations of Yale men to follow, will bear indirectly the imprint of Whitney Griswold. Those of us who were fortunate enough to feel it personally will always cherish this special privilege.

4

# Baccalaureate Address

by A.Whitney Griswold

"But be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only,
deceiving your own selves.

"For if any be a hearer of the word, and not a doer,
he is like unto a man beholding his natural face in a glass:

"For he beholdeth himself, and goeth his way,
and straightway forgetteth what manner of man he was.

"But whoso looketh into the perfect law of liberty,
and continueth therein, he being not a forgetful hearer,
but a doer of the work, this man shall be blessed in his deed."

JAMES 1:22-25

This has been a disillusioning year in the history of our country. While the earth has turned and this university has renewed its dedication to the learning it is now, through its graduates, about to increase, events have transpired in the world that put our whole approach to learning in doubt. The unearthly and to us wholly unexpected achievements of Russian science fill us with foreboding. Humiliating evidence of the low esteem in which our national aims and aspirations are held abroad pours in daily from all over the world. We expect what comes to us from unfriendly nations, but when personal acquaintances in friendly nations regretfully add their contribution, wormwood is mixed with the gall. The whole prospect is enough to give us pause. It is a prospect of isolation and insecurity that threatens the very foundations of our country and our civilization.

Fortunately, it is only a prospect and not yet a fact. We must prevent it from becoming one. But how? A problem as vast and

5

complex as this admits of no simple solution. It reaches into every
corner of our life. Some of its solution lies in the realm of world
politics; some in national politics, some in science, some in military
strategy; some, as we are discovering to our amazement, in the realm
of music and the arts. One of the most important parts, since it
touches all the others and is capable of contributing to all unity and
force, is that which lies in the moral realm, the realm that has to do
with our fundamental outlook on life, our basic attitudes and values.
Akin to this, as wisdom is to virtue, is the part that falls within the
intellectual realm, for it, too, touches all the other parts, quickens them
into life, and is capable of giving them force and unity.

It is of these moral and intellectual attitudes that I would speak
this morning. For these are things we can do something about, with-
out waiting for summit conferences, without depending upon foreign
countries—friendly or unfriendly. These are home-grown products
that we can put to any use we wish. Neglected or put to the wrong use
they could lead us to disaster. Properly cultivated and put to the right
use they could see us safely out of our predicament.

If they are to do this, if we are to exercise the necessary degree of
self-reliance and self-direction which they require, we must first see
our whole problem in perspective. We are still potentially, if not
actually, the most powerful nation in the world. All the Russian
earth satellites, all the Yankees-go-home legends chalked on the walls
of foreign cities, all the rocks thrown at our Vice-President, have not
disproved the fundamental soundness of our system of government
and our political philosophy; there are millions, even among the
slogan-chalkers and the rock-throwers, who would exchange their
lot for ours if they had a chance to. No nation commands a greater
abundance of natural resources than ours, nor as productive an econ-
omy. No nation possesses a greater wealth of human talent and en-
ergy, nor provides for it so much freedom to find its natural outlet.
Given the moral stamina and the intellectual purpose and drive, there

6

is no reason why we should not be able to combine these elements
to our own and the world's great benefit.

What has happened is that our ability to do this has been challenged, not our innate ability, but our will, our determination. But that has been challenged many times. It was challenged in our struggle for independence. It has faced challenges ever since, as it must no doubt continue to do as long as we preserve our independence. This need not dishearten us. We have survived all such challenges in the past, and we can survive this one.

In 1778, not long after the Battle of Saratoga and the Alliance with France had narrowly saved the life of our country, the French economist and statesman Turgot wrote in a prophetic vein about the American people to his English friend, Dr. Richard Price:

> "This people is the hope of the human race. It may become the model. It ought to show the world by facts, that men can be free and yet peaceful, and may dispense with the chains in which tyrants and knaves of every color have presumed to bind them, under pretext of the public good. The Americans should be an example of political, religious, commercial and industrial liberty. The asylum they offer to the oppressed of every nation, the avenue of escape they open, will compel governments to be just and enlightened; and the rest of the world in due time will see through the empty illusions in which policy is conceived. But to obtain these ends for us, America must secure them to herself..."

Is this not another way of saying that we must be doers of the work, not mere hearers of the word or lookers in the mirror? Granted that much of the trouble we have had in conveying to our world the impression so vividly conveyed to Turgot's and Dr. Price's has been due to the systematic opposition of Russia; granted that the Communists have done everything in their power to deface the portrait and poison the minds of its beholders, there are intrinsic flaws in the portrait that can and must be corrected. If Turgot's prophecy has not fulfilled itself as completely or convincingly as we wish it had, it is partly be-

7

cause we have not met his condition as fully as we might have done.
If the rest of the world cannot see in us what we would like them
to see, it is because we cannot see it ourselves, no matter how often
or how hard we stare at the mirror. The mirror cannot create; it can
only reflect, and what is not there to reflect will not be reflected.

We have become too much a nation of lookers and listeners, a
nation of spectators. Amidst the easy artificiality of our life, the pleth-
ora of substitutes for learning and thinking, the innumerable devices
for avoiding or delegating personal responsibility for our opinions,
even for having any opinions, the fine edge of our faith has been
dulled, our creative powers atrophied.

Is our independence any less secure than it was in 1778, when
Turgot wrote to Dr. Price, or for half a century afterwards, when it
hung by a hair, in the most delicate balance between great empires
struggling for control of the world? Have we learned nothing of
economic science since the teachings of the physiocrats? Has our
knowledge of science not advanced since Benjamin Franklin flew his
kite? Do not the great principles of democratic self-government,
tested by three and a half centuries of Anglo-American experience,
have as much meaning for us in our time as they had when they were
written into our Constitution? It is only our morbid imagination that
writes *finis* to the creative possibilities inherent in these things.

The cure for this neurosis lies not in the stars nor in the satellites,
but in ourselves. The Russians have started the cure, with a shock
treatment. It is we who must complete it. It goes without saying that
they will not help us produce the celestial arsenal we must have to
match theirs. Neither will they help us produce the wisdom to use
such an arsenal in our own defense without destroying both ourselves
and them in the bargain—the wisdom to avoid being maneuvered
into such an impasse, to devise more civilized means of saving our
civilization. All of these things we must do by ourselves, out of our
own intelligence and virtue, not out of listening to melodramatic

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countdowns from Cape Canaveral, nor expecting American virtue to flow automatically from Russian Sputniks.

We have had enough of the pious cant that says the Sputniks were a good thing because they will wake us up, or that the reception of the Vice-President in South America was a good thing because it showed up the weaknesses in the Good Neighbor Policy. This is worse than making a virtue of necessity. It is making a virtue of disaster. The worst of the disaster has not happened yet, but it easily might if we do not look these things in the face and recognize them for what they are, namely the result of a long cumulative process of self-deception.

We have practiced this art until we have become past masters of it. What do we think about the satellites or the Good Neighbor Policy? How do we know: we don't give ourselves time to think. Or when we have the time we spend it listening to the myriad-throated muse of the airwaves telling us what to think. The written word, with the discipline it exacts from both the writer and the reader, is succumbing to the spoken word, with its minimal demands upon the intellect, the timeworn instrument of the demagogue and the false prophet, the real opiate of the masses. The cure for this disease is in our own hearts and minds, in the same combination of moral and intellectual purpose that inspired the founding of this university, at a time when wisdom and virtue were closely allied and education was regarded as a means of foiling "that old deluder Satan."

Gentlemen of the
Graduating Class:

Your chances of putting things to rights in your country and the world are as great as any generation's that has preceded you, perhaps greater. For one thing you sense the challenge as they did not. For another the challenge itself is one that can be met. Marxism is an exploded theory, disproved by the very empirical forces of history its

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authors counted on to prove it. It has not taken root, as Marx and Engels so confidently prophesied it would, in highly industrialized nations but in underdeveloped agrarian nations. In the industrialized West the progressive deterioration of labor, a basic "scientific" tenet of Marxism, has not occurred. On the contrary labor's share of the wealth has steadily increased and its working conditions have steadily improved. Amongst Communist nations, meanwhile, far from resulting in the withering away of the state that Marx predicted with equal certitude, the application of his doctrines has produced the all-powerful state, the most highly regimented and systematic despotism in history. If Marxism had to survive on its merits it would perish. It survives only as an orthodoxy imposed by force.

Behind its façade are members of the same human race to which we belong, sensitive to the same things, full of hunger and fear, even as we would be in their circumstances and sometimes are in our own, husbands of wives, fathers of children, athletes, scientists, artists and musicians. What these people in the unfree lands and what their neighbors in free and friendly lands think about our civilization and our way of life will be as important a factor in preserving the security of our country and the peace of the world as the strategic defenses we must maintain against their governments. That civilization and those defenses are now entrusted to your care. You have the competence to discharge that responsibility. You have the opportunity. What you need is the courage and the purpose. You have those, too, more than you may realize, but if perchance you should wish to refresh them, you need only look into the perfect law of liberty and continue therein as doers of its work and you will be blessed in your deed.

GENERAL

NDB/7

HARPER

FGC-111 / KISSINGER, HENRY A

KISSINGER, HENRY A

Washington

1975 MAR 5 AM 8 47

WHB009(0845)(1-002663A064002)PD 03/05/73 0842

ICS IPMNAWA WSH

ZCZC 10002 RELAY (ZC 6019823221) NL TOBN JACKSON MS 100 03-04 0830P ES

PMS

DR HENRY KISSINGER

WHITE HOUSE DC

MANY THANKS TO YOU FOR YOUR PART IN MAKING IT POSSIBLE FOR MY

BROTHER, NAVY CAPTAIN BYRON FULLER TO COME BACK TO FREEDOM TODAY.

DORIS FULLER BRICKELL

RECEIVED

CENTRAL FILES

ROUSSEL UCLAF

BUREAU DU PRÉSIDENT

35 bd des invalides, paris 7°

tél. 705-93-28, 97-68, 99-28

Paris, November 23, 1972

Dear Mr. Kissinger,

You will be surprised to hear from someone you have not seen for... 25 years or more, but perhaps when you read the name at the end of this letter you will remember "Pierre", the French Liaison Officer working with you at the same time with the CIC outfit, attached to the 84th Inf. Div., the Railsplitters commanded by my friend General Bolling, whom I have seen in Washington some years ago.

In any case I should be, of course, delighted to see you again and have a friendly talk with you if your very prominent and busy activities allow you this liberty. I hope you will not be angry with me and consider this hope as very daring considering the very high position you have now reached and the very modest rank I have compared with you.

If you think you want to get rid for a short while of your state pre-occupations and have a chat with an old "war comrade", please let me know if you would do me the honour of having lunch with me one day or have a drink somewhere at your convenience.

I know of course I am of no use to you but remember we say in french: "On a souvent besoin d'un plus petit que soi" and please do not hesitate if I could help you in any way.

Home address :
Pierre Brancourt
41, Bd Commandant Charcot
92400 NEUILLY

Private phone :
722 95 48

BRISSON PRODUCTIONS, INC.

FREDERICK BRISSON
FRED HEBERT
BEN ROSENBERG

745 FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10022
TELEPHONE (212) 752-2220

January 31, 1972

Dr. Henry Kissinger
The White House
Washington, D. C.

Dear Henry:

I had a stimulating and rewarding time with you. Rosalind, who had to share it vicariously, called after she had read your remarks at the press conference to say how much she admired your handling of the affair and particularly your last remarks.

The TIME and NEWSWEEK cover photos are both beauties. How about sending us one for our rogue's gallery?

I'm truly excited at the prospect of either a play or a movie (or both) based on the source material of any prospective book you may write. I hope you will not let too much time go by as such a project is very much of today. So Henry go to work! Not that you haven't enough to do already. Write the book with one hand and run the government with the other.

I told Lance that I'd spoken to you and he appreciates your giving him the time when he returns to Washington. Enclosed you will see what he is up to presently. I foresee a future for him in government -- whether he could be of service on your staff or elsewhere.

The next step, of course, is Rosalind's appointment as Ambassador to Denmark. She'd be a natural as she speaks fluent Danish through me.

Looking forward to seeing you soon and often.

FB/lr
Enclosure

NICK GALIFIANAKIS
4TH DISTRICT, NORTH CAROLINA

225 CANNON HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
(202) 225-2515

COMMITTEE ON
APPROPRIATIONS

Congress of the United States
House of Representatives
Washington, D.C. 20515

DISTRICT OFFICES:
207 POST OFFICE BUILDING
DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA 27701
(919) 688-8146

220 FEDERAL BUILDING
RALEIGH, NORTH CAROLINA 27601
(919) 755-4120

101 FEDERAL BUILDING
ASHEBORO, NORTH CAROLINA 27203
(919) 625-3060

June 9, 1972

GENERAL

Dr. Henry Kissinger
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Ave.
Washington, D.C. 20500

FGL-11-// KISSINGER, HENRY A.
PL/ST33
KISSINGER, HENRY A./B*

Dear Dr. Kissinger:

I have just returned to Washington after having spent nearly six months in North Carolina and thought I would get in touch with you in the hope we could get together for a chat sometime in the future.

At present I am unwinding a bit after having worked as Congressman Galifianakis' news secretary and speech writer in his campaign for the Democratic nomination for U.S. Senator. Happily, Congressman Galifianakis was most successful. He carried 49.2% of the votes in a four-man race on May 6 and defeated incumbent Senator B. Everett Jordan in the runoff on June 3 by a 56%-44% margin.

I expect to be in Washington through most of the summer, although I may make a brief visit with my parents in California later this month. Please call me at the above office number or at my home (363-7929) if you have time to get together.

[10]

M/M FREDERICK BRISSON
EUROPEAN ITINERARY

July 29 - September 5, 1972

SATURDAY, JULY 29
Depart NEW YORK for LONDON
(JFK) TWA #702 lv 9:45 a.m.
arr 9:35 p.m.
(Heathrow)

CLARIDGE'S HOTEL
Brook Street, London W. 1
Tel. Number: (01) 629-8860

MONDAY, AUGUST 7
Depart LONDON for PALMA MAJORCA
BEA #160 lv 11:40 a.m.
arr 1:50 p.m. (Palma)

MRS. KITTY MILLER
Es Moli
Costa de los Pinos
Son Servera, Majorca
Tel. Number: Son Servera 222

SUNDAY, AUGUST 13
Depart PALMA for NICE
IBERIA #712 lv 3:30 p.m.
arr 4:50 p.m. (Nice)

MRS. MARY LASKER
Villa Fiorentina
St. Jean Cap Ferrat A/M
06 France
Tel. Number: St. Jean 06-51-17

SUNDAY, AUGUST 20
MR. AND MRS. GREGORY PECK
Villa Ladoma
St. Jean Cap Ferrat A/M
06 France
Tel. Number: St. Jean 06-52-74

THURSDAY, AUGUST 31
(flight to Paris booked
'open end')

TO PARIS: MEURICE HOTEL
Rue de Rivoli
Tel. Number: OPERA 32-40
or visit with Mr. & Mrs. Loel Guinness
on "Sarina" &R Deauville

MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 4
or TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 5

Depart PARIS for NEW YORK
OLYMPIC #409 lv 2:40 p.m.
arr 5:55 p.m. (JFK)

ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA

425 NORTH MICHIGAN AVENUE • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60611

Executive Offices

May 8, 1973

GENERAL

KISSINGER, HENRY A.

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
The White House
Washington, D. C. 20500

Dear Dr. Kissinger:

The Britannica Book of the Year is planning to present in its 1974 edition a major examination of the "year of Europe" concept. We plan to cover the topic with five articles, including one by Prime Minister Tanaka on Japan's changing posture in relation to new economic and military alignments; an article on the agenda of the European Security Conference itself; and an article on world inflation.

We especially want an authentic and authoritative statement of the Nixon Administration's goals and expectations as European negotiations proceed. It is obvious that we are not engaging in mere flattery when we say we are certain that no one could do this more effectively than you.

I am aware, both generally and through recent conversations with Mrs. Kissinger, that you are disinclined to write anything for a non-government publication while you hold the position you now hold. You may in fact have made this an absolute rule, in which case we will have to bow before it. But if there is the slightest possibility of an exception to the rule, I hope you will consider the idea on its merits. The Britannica Book of the Year will be distributed world wide upon its publication next March. It will provide a distinguished and respectable forum for a statement of the administration's position, which I believe is at present not well or widely understood.

RECEIVED
MAY 8, 1973

CENTRAL FILES

p. 2

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger, May 8, 1973

At any rate, we consider that the subject will not
be adequately covered, in an American publication, with-
out an authoritative explication of the administration's
view. Such an understanding is critical to an accurate
presentation of the possibilities and directions inherent
not only in official negotiations now going on, but also
in trade and cultural patterns that are developing.
Therefore, if you find yourself unable or unwilling to
write on behalf of the administration for this edition,
perhaps you would be kind enough to suggest someone who
could and would. We would be grateful for any such advice.

We need 5,000 words by September 1, 1973, and could
pay you a fee of $2,000; we would prefer to pay our
ordinary fee, of about $1,000, to anyone else. I wish to
add that our editorial and production staffs can perform
miracles with copy.

I cannot close without expressing my great respect
for you and your work for the United States -- and I
speak as a lifelong Democrat.

CVD/cc