May 3, 1968

Mr. Ralf M. Friberg
Keinulaudantie 5 G 167
Helsinki 94, Finland

Dear Mr. Friberg:

Thank you for your letter of April 24.

Let me make two points. First, the letter refusing you was drafted
by a very enthusiastic subordinate, given to officious formulations.
The point is that we can take only two participants from Scandinavia
and that we must rotate the people we take among the various countries.
Second, you cannot be serious when you say that we do not want to have
people from Scandinavia "messing around" the United States at this
time. The best way to answer that particular charge is to tell you
that we shall have participants from Czechoslovakia, Hungary,
Poland, and probably the Soviet Union. Things are not yet as bad
as you think in the United States!

I do hope that you will come in some future year.

Henry A. Kissinger

MAY 2 - 1968

Oy. YLEISRADIO Ab.
The Finnish Broadcasting Company Ltd

UNIONINKATU 16 HELSINKI FINLAND

PUHELIN-TELEPHONE 630691 SÄHKEET-CABLES YLEISRADIO

Professor Henry A. Kissinger
Executive Director
Harvard University International Seminar
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge, Mass. 02138

VIITTEENNE - YOUR REF.

KIRJEENNE - YOUR LETTER

April 24, 1968

VIITTEEMME - OUR REF.

RF/lr

PÄIVÄYS - DATE

April 29, 1968

Dear Sir,

I have received your kind letter of April 24th. I do not know how to interpret your encouraging statement that I should apply for a scholarship once more because "the overall quality of applications from any country varies greatly from year to year". Considering those participants from Finland who have passed your close scrutiny over the years and part of whom I happen to know, I feel confused.

You certainly understand that I seriously intended to participate in the seminar and thus kept my summer free two years in a row in order to be able to go to Harvard at the deplorably short notice you give. I do not however feel that this arrangement satisfies me as permanent over the years.

I therefore kindly inform you that you need not reserve yet another "finalist" title for me in the years coming. If by any chance the International Seminar feels that the overall quality of applicants suddenly should have plunged under a tolerable limit I feel certain that you then spontaneously would let me know of it and would offer a scholarship. We are both as anxious concerning the overall standard.

Allow me therefore Sir, to offer my kind and sincere regards, I feel sure I will hear of you again if you feel it necessary for the purpose of your highly esteemed Seminar. Allow me also to convey to you a nagging doubt that the reason for the exclusion of any Finnish participant might have a connection with American problems such as the war in Vietnam and the civil rights issue. You certainly would not risk to have Scandinavians messing around your University in times like these. Since I asked one of my friends at the U.S. Embassy to write a recommendation on my behalf to the Seminar I have sent a copy of my letter to the Embassy.

6. 65. 10.000. A4.

To the Director
The Harvard International Seminar

VIITTEENNE - YOUR REF.

KIRJEENNE - YOUR LETTER

VIITTEEMME - OUR REF.

RF/lh

PÄIVÄYS - DATE

Helsinki,
20th Jan., 1967

Dear Sir,

The requirements of your application formula give me an
opportunity to tell you, briefly, why I am interested in
Your well known and highly esteemed Seminar.

First of all, I would very much like to widen my knowledge
of U.S. politics and economics. This knowledge is of vital
importance when making decisions on news coverage and docu-
mentaries from the U.S. for radio and television as well as
decisions concerning travel to the U.S. Secondly, it is
important for me to know several aspects of American life
so well that it will be constantly possible to judge the
performance and check on the objectivity or bias in the
reports of our correspondent (news correspondent), whom I
have been instrumental in sending from Finland to the United
States. Thirdly, my earlier visits to the U.S. awoke my
interest in the American Society and I am certainly anxious
to learn more about it.

The academic environment at the Harvard University would be
highly stimulating for these and other reasons. I believe
the Seminar will offer its alumnis the best education and
insight in American academic life. I am certain that the
University's reputable name also guarantees a good sample
of outstanding lecturers in all fields of practical life.

6. 65. 10.000. A4.

Since the Summer School is composed of alumnis from different parts of the world, meeting them is part of a fascinating course. Only when you see how the U.S. is made up of different persons of greatly varying nationality and personal background, are you able to establish a distinction between your own personal disposition and prejudice and objective facts.

I, for my part, hope to prove a good participant in the discussions both in the Seminar and outside it. This includes, I think, attentive listening as well as active participation, which should be no difficulty, as my English is fluent. I think any discussion on mass-communication and politics in general would be especially in my field.

I have the feeling that every professional man with an academic or intellectual career should have a "sabbatical year" every now and then. The Harvard Seminar would give me a chance to spend a "sabbatical summer" at least. Every man, away from his usual surroundings and daily routine, is at his most perceptive in an atmosphere such as that of Harvard.

I have visited Harvard once, but alas only for a day, and already then I was able to feel the atmosphere, which with its feeling of intellectual curiosity and discipline was strongly compelling, to say nothing of the annual football game between Harvard and Yale, which was to take place the day following my visit.

I have prepared some notes on my personal background and am prepared to send them to you should you feel that more information is necessary before making your very important decision.

Balt Friberg

decision.

information is necessarily before making your very important
prepared to send them to you should you feel that more
I have prepared some notes on my personal background and am
say following my visit.

Game between Harvard and Yale, which was to take place the
attractively compelling, to say nothing of the annual football
its feeling of intellectual curiosity and discipline was
surreally then I was able to feel the atmosphere, which with
I have visited Harvard once, but also only for a day, and
Harvard.

at his most perceptive in an atmosphere such as that of
man, away from his usual surroundings and daily routine, is
me a chance to absorb a "sapphatical summer" at least. Every
year!" every now and then. The Harvard Seminar would give
academic or intellectual career should have a "sapphatical
I have the feeling that every professional man with an
General would be especially in my field.

think any discussion on mass-communication and politics in
which should be no difficulty, so my English is fluent. I
I think, attentive listening as well as active participation,
discussions both in the Seminar and outside it. This includes,
I, for my part, hope to prove a good participant in the
objective facts.

between your own personal disposition and prejudice and
personal background, are you able toatsplify a distinction
up of different persons of greatly varying nationality and
facilitating course. Only when you see how the U.S. is made
different parts of the world, meeting them is part of a
since the Summer School is composed of students from

S.

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

VIITTEENNE - YOUR REF.

KIRJEENNE - YOUR LETTER

VIITTEEMME - OUR REF.

PÄIVÄYS - DATE

Mr. Ralf Friberg has been employed as Chief of News at the Finnish Broadcasting Company since April, 1965. He is responsible for planning the future development of the news service in radio and television, supervision of the staffs' work, the editorial policy and the co-ordination of services.

Mr. Friberg is the first person to hold this position in our company. Since his employment the broadcasting company has obtained a radio news service of its own, a net of foreign correspondents has been created and the organization of radio news-reel activities has been renewed. On television a new type of actualities show has been introduced with Mr. Friberg as producer and the television news has upon the whole become livelier. A special feature of the Chief's of News work has been the planning and realizing of modern election results coverage and computer service.

In the employ of the company Mr. Friberg has undertaken several trips abroad for the purpose of studying. As a result of these studies he has proved himself capable of quickly adopting new methods of work and news practice. I feel Mr. Friberg's participation in the Harvard International Course would be of great importance in view of his future work and personal development and indirectly beneficial also to the company.

Helsinki, January 3, 1966

Oy. Yleisradio Ab.

Eino S. Repo
Director-General

6. 65. 10.000. A4.

Helsingin valtio-opin laitos
Helsingin Yliopisto
Hallintokatu 11-13
Helsinki

Certificate

This is to certify that Ralf Friberg, M.P.Sc., has been a member of the faculty for political studies at the University of Helsinki since 1960. Mr. Friberg studied in my seminars for four years until the completion of his Master's Degree in 1964. His contributions to the discussions and work in the seminars were always very stimulating and original. In his academic work he showed the same dedication and style, which had already made him a well-known journalist before taking part in any academic studies. Besides his work and studies Mr. Friberg also found time for active participation in the extra-curricular student activities at the University.

Mr. Friberg is still a member of the faculty and plans to continue his academic career.

Helsinki, 13 January, 1967

Jahruary 6, 1967

Mr. Charles B. Blosser
Public Affairs Officer
U.S. Information Service
Helsinki, Finland

Dear Mr. Blosser:

Thank you for your letter of Nov-
ember 3 recommending Mr. Ralf Friberg
for the International Seminar. I am
grateful for your help, and you can be
certain that anyone you recommend will
receive the highest consideration.

With kind regards.

U. S. INFORMATION SERVICE

THE FOREIGN SERVICE
OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

3 November 1966

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Ralf Friberg, Chief of News for Yleisradio, the Finnish broadcasting company, has told me that he intends to apply for a place at the Harvard International Seminar in the summer of 1967. I endorse his interest in a study course at this level and support his application.

Mr. Friberg has impressed me as a vigorous and energetic young man with a wide range of interests. He frequently takes an independent and questioning position on the issues of the day and is never at a loss for words in an argument. He has had a good education and he is fluent in English.

Mr. Friberg holds a highly responsible position, especially in view of his relative youth. He is in charge of the editorial direction of a large staff of news writers and editors. In addition to planning the work of a highly active news office, he frequently arranges special events reportage. The work is exacting and his position falls within the upper echelon of the Yleisradio organization.

I have discussed his interests with Mr. Friberg and I agree with him that a man in his position would benefit enormously from an opportunity to refresh his knowledge of the United States and to review recent developments in America and abroad.

To Harvard University
International Seminar
Executive Director
Mr. Henry A. Kissinger
6, Divinity Avenue
Cambridge
Massachusetts 02138
USA

VIITTEENNE - YOUR REF.

KIRJEENNE - YOUR LETTER

VIITTEEMME - OUR REF.

RF/lr

PÄIVÄYS - DATE

Oct. 31st, 1967

Dear Sir,

in your letter of last spring you kindly informed me that my
application for a scholarship to the Harvard International
Seminar had been favourably reviewed but that no participant
from Finland was accepted this year to the Seminar. Since I
was what you called a finalist you asked me to renewe my
application for the next year by Nov. 8th, 1967 if I still
had sufficient interest.

I am happy to confirm that my interest in the Seminar is as
great as ever.

I have asked two prominent Finnish public figures, the Chief
Editor of Hufvudstadsbladet, Dr. Torsten Steinby, and the Chief
of the Political Section of the Foreign Ministry, Dr. Risto
Hyvärinen, to recommend me for your Seminar.

As for my curricula nothing has changed. I still hold the
position as Chief of News (Radio & TV). I am (at this writing
probably) a candidate for the electoral college of the
Presidential Elections in 1968, standing for the Social
Democrats and the re-election of President Kekkonen.

Please, find enclosed the statement by Dr. Steinby. Mr. Hyvärinen has informed me of his intention to mail his recommendation directly to you.

Hoping to hear from you soon,

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

I have been asked by Mr Ralf Friberg to express an opinion on his suitability for a Harvard International Summer Course. I am delighted to do this. I think that Mr Friberg, who for four years served with my paper as a parliamentary correspondent (1959-1963), is amply qualified even for your distinguished seminar.

Mr Friberg was a very young man when he joined the staff of our paper, the leading Swedish daily in Finland; he quickly established himself as an alert and attentive diligent reporter on Parliament, trade unions, and general domestic politics. He also wrote a number of editorials and articles.

I could notice in Mr Friberg a strong will to develop his abilities further. He was always an interested student of international affairs, and undertook some important reporting tours abroad, such as to meetings of the Efta ministerial councils, and to Berlin during the wall crisis in 1961. He also studied successfully at the University of Helsinki.

Mr Friberg left us for a post with the Foreign Ministry, but on his return to journalism via radio and television in 1965, he proved that his years with Hufvudstadsbladet had been most formative and rewarding. I would not hesitate to denote his knowledge of English as excellent by journalist working standards.

Hufvudstadsbladet

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

Sirs,

I have been approached by Mr. Ralf Friberg to write a
letter of recommendation for him to the Harvard International
Seminar.

I have been at Harvard as a Fellow at the Center for International
Affairs and I am well acquainted with the demands of such a Semi-
nar on its participants.

I believe Mr. Friberg meets all of the qualifications needed. He
is well versed in international affairs and must as Chief of the
Radio and Television News Services in Finland be constantly in-
formed about international affairs. He is an extrovert person,
very much "the seminar type" without being too dominant and his
knowledge of English is good enough for a discussion on any aca-
demic level.

I know Mr. Friberg since his stay with the Press Department of
the Foreign Ministry. He is a public figure in Finland in spite
of his youth and I think the Seminar would prove a mutually re-
warding experience.

Yours sincerely,

Risto Hyvärinen
Ph.D.
Director of Political Affairs
Ministry for Foreign Affairs

4/18/61

Dear Professor Kissinger:

During my last visit to Boston, I happened to be discussing my college plans (I am a sophomore at Cornell University), in general, and foreign affairs, in specific, with a cousin of mine, Mrs. Bella Wallach of Malden, Massachusetts, when she suggested that I ask your advice about the latter. Thus, with your kind permission, I unburden myself to you.

This winter, after completing the fall semester of my sophomore year, here at Cornell, I decided, after at least 9 months serious consideration, to switch from a pre-med program to one with a major in Government and an emphasis on foreign affairs. This step was taken after much consultation with professors, doctors (my mother is a psychiatrist), and after taking psychological tests. The above procedure did not, however, enable me to get a satisfactory answer to the following question: What are the possibilities (i. e. job categories, etc.) for a new college graduate who has specialized in government and international relations? Also- What are the factors favoring and limiting individualism and personal initiative? Can one escape the prospect of becoming a mediocre cog in a bureaucratic wheel? - and similar questions. Thus, my only grounds for making this switch were the feelings that I, as a creative individual, could be of more use and express my talents more fully in helping in the common effort to pull this nation out of the world mess in which she has helped place herself.

I am still, however, uneasy about exactly what I can do? An interest shown in foreign affairs, like an interest in human beings, is very commendable, but one hardly treats the whole race, en masse, to a dose of one's supposed wisdom. Thus if you could do me the great favor of giving me some candid advice about my possibilities in the field of foreign relations, I would be most appreciative.

PHOENIX GUMMIWERKE

AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
HAMBURG-HARBURG

DIREKTION

May 13, 1963

Ot.

Mr. Henry A. Kissinger
Center for International Affairs
Harvard University

CAMBRIDGE / MASS. / U.S.A.

Sehr geehrter Herr Kissinger!

Haben Sie besten Dank für die Übersendung des Berichts "Nato's Nuclear Dilemma". Ich habe diesen äußerst aktuellen Bericht mit großem Interesse gelesen und halte die Ausführungen als "background material" für die heutige politische Lage und zum Verständnis der politischen Entscheidungen für ganz ausgezeichnet.

Mit nochmaligem Dank für die Übersendung und verbindlichen Empfehlungen

Ihr sehr ergebener

(Otto A. Friedrich)

Vorsitzer des Vorstandes

VORSTAND: OTTO A. FRIEDRICH, VORSITZER, DR. GEORG WEBER, DR. WALTER STEGEMANN, KARL LÜHN, KARL PETERS, DR. ERNST TANNEBERGER, STELLV., PARIDOM AVERHOFF STELLV.
VORSITZER DES AUFSCIGHTSRATES: DR. H.C. HERMANN J. ABS

VORRICRER DES ANSICHTBARER: DR. W. HERMANN J. AB
DR. ERNST TÄNNEBERGER, STELLN. PARIDOM AVERHOFF STELLV.
VORSTAND: OTTO V. FRIEDRICH, VORRICRER, DR. GEORGE WEBER, DR. WALTER STEFZEMANN, KARL FÜHRI, KARL PETERS

Vorsitzender des Vorstands
Otto A. Friedrich

Ihr sehr ergebener

fachen Empfehlungen

Mit nochmalsem Dank für die Übersetzung und verbind-

Entscheidungen für ganz ansegesichert.

Anforderungen als "background material" für die hoffe

ellen Bericht mit Grobem Interesse Gelesen und halte die

"Mato's Unclear Dilemma". Ich habe diesen überat aktu-

Haben Sie gelesen Dank für die Übersetzung des Berichts

Sehr geehrter Herr Klasinger!

DIREKTION

May 13, 1963
Ot.

CAMBRIDGE / MASS. / U.S.A.

Harvard University
Center for International Affairs
Mr. Henry A. Klasinger

PHOENIX GUMMIWERKE

HAMBURG-HARBURG
AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

[L]

PROF. DR. BRUNO FRITSCH

Cambridge 39, Mass., Julu 13. 1963
2, Clinton St.

Tel. K I-7-5310

Dear professor Kissinger,

since you are very busy with all the activities of your
Seminar, take the liberty of contacting you with a letter although
wen became neighbours for the time of the Summer School.

As I may have told you, the university of Heidelberg
appointed me to the chair of economics with special reference to
economic development in Asia. Thus I have been asked to take over
the economic Department of the new founded Southasian Institute
of the University.

The University also payed me a trip to Asia which I
shall begin on Sept. 25., starting from San Francisco. I am
enclosing the itinerary of this trip for your information.

Having this oppertunity of extended travel, I
wonder whether you may help me to establish some contacts
with some of the participants of your previous Seminars who
are working in the field of economic development of the countries
listed on the itinerary.

I hope that we will have the opprtunity of meeting
sometime during the Summer School. My wife and me would be pleased
to have you both for dinner. Do you think, we may have a chance
to have you with us?

With my best wishes

VOLKSWIRTSCHAFTLICHES INSTITUT
TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE KARLSRUHE
LEHRSTUHL PROF. DR. B. FRITSCH

Karlsruhe-West,
Hertzstraße 16, Bau 33
Telefon 54731

April 4, 1963

Professor Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Harvard University
Center for International Affairs
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge 38, Massachusetts, USA

Dear Dr. Kissinger,

Many thanks for your letter of March 12, 1963. I will arrive in Boston towards the end of June, assuming my lectures on July 1st. I too hope to have the opportunity of meeting you and your group.

May I ask you a favor? Dr. Sauer, the personal adviser of the German Minister of Science, Dr. Lenz, told me a few days ago that the Minister Dr. Lenz will be in the United States on an official tour in the course of May 1963. He plans to visit also Boston by the end of May, and he would be prepared to give a speech either in Boston or in Cambridge on some present problems of the German "policy of science" (Wissenschaftspolitik) with which Germany is confronted. Since I think that you are the very person who could arrange such a speech, I wonder whether you would be interested and willing to establish some contacts in order to secure a representative and interested auditorium. I personally think that such a presentation of the new problems arising for Germany by such a competent representative as Minister Lenz may be a chance for many interested and interesting people to discuss these problems.

Please let me know whether you could make the arrangements for such a speech.
With my best wishes and many thanks I am

P.S. For any further information you may need, here is Dr. Sauer's address:

Dr. Hans Sauer
Regierungsrat
Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung
Luisenstrasse 46
Bad Godesberg

Bad Codeabers
Prinzenarssae 40

Bundesministerium für Mäseauschluß und Forschung
Referent Garst

Dr. Hans Sauer

P.2. Por yu further information you may need, here is Dr. Sauer's address:

With my best wishes and many thanks I am
Blessed let us know whether you could make the arrangements for any a speech.

for many interested and interesting people to attend these propoems.
Germany by any a competent representative as Minister Lens may be a chance
I personally think that any such a presentation of the new propoems arising for
some contacts in order to secure a representative and interested auditorium.
a speech, I wonder whether you would be interested and willing to attend
confronted. Since I think that you are the very person who could arrange any
the German "Policy of science" (Mäseauschlußpolitik) with which Germany is
Give a speech either in Boeton or in Cambridge on some present propoems of
biana to visit s.fao Boeton by the end of May, and he would be prepared to
be in the United States on an official tour in the course of May 1963. He
of Science, Dr. Lens, told me a few days ago that the Minister Dr. Lens will
May I ask you a favor? Dr. Sauer, the person I advise of the German Minister
opportunity of meeting you and your group.

the end of June, assuming my lecture on July 1st. I too hope to have the
Many thanks for your letter of March 15, 1963. I will arrive in Boeton towards

Dear Dr. Kraeger,

Cambridge 38, Maasachustta, USA
E Diphtha Aanune
Center for International Affairs
Helsinki University
Professor Dr. Henry A. Kraeger

FEHRSTUHN PROF. DR. B. FRITZCH
TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE KARlsruhe
VORKUNFTSCHAFTLICHE INSTITUT

Telefon 24031
Herrhaufage 14. Bon 33
Kohlenphe-West

April 4, 1963

Etc

Karlsruhe-West, March 5, 1963

Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Harvard University
International Seminar
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge 38, Massachusetts, USA

Dear Dr. Kissinger,

Following your advice I recommended to my assistant, Mr. Rieger, to repeat
his application for the Harvard International Seminar, hoping that there
might be a chance for him to be selected for this year.

Since I have been invited to the Harvard University as visiting professor for
this summer, there will be a good opportunity for us to meet this time. Unfor-
tunately I could not reach you during my last visit in Cambridge on October 1
last year. If Mr. Rieger would be given the privilege of participating in your
seminar this would also be of a certain advantage for me, since I could intro-
duce him in Harvard to my colleagues.

Looking forward to see you this summer I am

Looking forward to see you this summer. I am

glad to see you this summer. I am sure I could introduce him in Harvard to my colleagues.

This would be of a certain advantage for me, since I could introduce him to Harvard on October 1 this year. If Mr. Rieger would be given the privilege of participating in Harvard University as visiting professor, I should not reach you during my visit in Cambridge on October 1. Unfortunately I have been invited to the Harvard University as visiting professor, so I have been invited to the Harvard University as visiting professor for this year, there will be a good opportunity for me to meet this time. Unfortunately I have been invited to the Harvard University as visiting professor for this year, there will be a good opportunity for me to meet this time. Unfortunately I have been invited to the Harvard University as visiting professor for this year, there will be a good opportunity for me to meet this time.

I hope to be a chance for him to be selected for this year.

The application for the Harvard International Seminar, hoping that there is a chance for him to be selected for this year. Following your advice I recommended to my assistant, Mr. Rieger, to request

Dear Dr. Klaarner,

Cambridge 38, Massachusetts, USA
6 Dragnet Avenue
International Seminar
Harvard University
Dr. Henry A. Klaarner

FEHRAHTUNG BROF. DR. B. FRITZCH
TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE KARlsruhe
VORKUNFTSCHAFTLICHE INSTITUT

Telefon 2431
Heidelberg 1c, Bonn 33
Karlsruhe-West, March 2, 1963

E.C.

August 31, 1962

Professor Dr. Bruno Fritsch
Volkswirtschaftliches Institut
Hertzstrasse 16, Bau 33
Karlsruhe-West, Germany

Dear Professor Fritsch:

In the absence of Professor Kissinger, I
am taking the liberty of acknowledging your letter of
August 27th. It will be brought to his attention
upon his return to this country in the latter half
of September. I am sure he will be glad to learn
of your visit to this country, and would appreciate
your sending a copy of your itinerary so that he
may write you when he returns to suggest an appointment
on the 1st of October.

Karlsruhe-West, August 27, 1962

Professor Dr. Henry A. Kissinger
Harvard University
Center for International Affairs
6 Divinity Avenue
Cambridge 38, Mass., USA

Dear Dr. Kissinger,

As a member of a small group of scientists engaged in the study of social factors of research and development and of optimum research planning, I am taking part in a journey in the United States. According to the plans worked out for our group by the Council for International Progress in Management, we shall be guests of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on October 1st, leaving in the evening for Rochester. I would be happy to see you.

Looking forward to our meeting I am with my best wishes

for Rochester. I would be happy to see you.
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on October 1st, leaving in the evening
by the Council for International Progress in Management, we shall be greats of
in a journey in the United States. According to the plane worked out for our Group
of research and development and of optimum research planning, I am taking part
in a member of a small Group of scientists engaged in the study of social factors
We are a member of a small Group of scientists engaged in the study of social factors

Dear Dr. Klaasen,

Dear Dr. Klaasen,

Csimprique 38, Maa.. USA

6 Diamity Avenue

Harvard University

Professors Dr. Henry A. Klaasen

FEHRSTUHN PROF. DR. B. FRITZCH
TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE KARLSRUHE
VORKWIRTSCHAFTLICHEZ INSTITUT

Telefon 24/31
Kohlrstraße 16, Bgn 33
Heidelberg 19. März. 1985

[10]

FREIHEZTUNG PROF. DR. B. FRITZCH
TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE KARLSRUND
VORKOMMENSCHEFISCHE INSTITUT

Telefon 24031
Hertzstraße 14. Bou 33
Karlshöfe-West

October 6, 1961

Cambridge 38, Mass., U.S.A.
6 Divinity Avenue
Center for International Affairs
Harvard University
Professor Dr. Henry A. Klaasen

Dear Mr. Klaasen,

Problems of American economic policy
are still very important to you for helping me to understand the main
grateful to receive some critical comment from you, especially since I
of two of my articles, which have just been published. I would be very
I am sending you a copy of this and so printed matter one of these
will be very

Sincerely yours,

J. Ann Kirtley

[L.C]

BASLER FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FÜR
WIRTSCHAFTS- UND FINANZFRAGEN

BASLE CENTRE FOR ECONOMIC
AND FINANCIAL RESEARCH

DIRECTORS: PER JACOBSSON, GOTTFRIED BOMBACH, ALTERNATE DIRECTOR: ERIN E. JUCKER-FLEETWOOD

MANAGER: BRUNO FRITSCH, TREASURER: WALTER S. SCHIESS

BASLE, STEINENTORSTRASSE 13,

TELEPHON 245854

28th January 1959

Prof. Dr. Henry Kissinger
c/o Hotel Königshof
Bonn

Dear Professor Kissinger,

Thank you very much indeed for giving me an opportunity of seeing
you and discussing with you some of the problems you are dealing with.

I sincerely hope that you will pass through Basle next summer so that
a discussion between you and Professor Jaspers could be arranged. If you have any
wishes or plans with respect to this meeting please do let me know. It will be a
pleasure for me to give you any help you need for your preparations in Basle. I also
hope that you will find time to visit our institute at this occasion.

Please receive my very best wishes for the remaining time of your stay
in Germany,

MINUTES

of a conversation held at the Hotel Russell, London, on Saturday, September 16, 1961 between Erich Fromm, A. J. Muste, and Homer A. Jack of the U.S. and Alexander Korneichuk and Ilya Ehrenburg of the U.S.S.R. The first session lasted from 8:00 to 9:15 a.m. and the second from 1:00 to 3:00 p.m.

Mr. Korneichuk is a popular playwright and member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and president of the Ukraine Communist Party. He is apparently very close to Mr. Khrushchev. He has been active in the Soviet Peace Committee and we are told that he belongs to that group in the Communist Party favoring a better understanding with the U.S.

Mr. Ehrenburg is a Soviet journalist and writer. He is also actively engaged in the movement within Russia to avoid war and come to an understanding with the U.S.

The conversations took place at our suggestion during a private international meeting on disarmament and the reduction of world tensions, to which we were invited as participants.

* * *

Both Mr. Korneichuk and Mr. Ehrenburg indicated that there is increasing opposition to Mr. Khrushchev in the Soviet Union because his peace policy with the West appears to be a failure. This has given support to his unnamed opponents. Without saying it in exact words, the two Soviet representatives made it clear that the continued failure of Mr. Khrushchev to receive the few concessions which he thought he had obtained from President Eisenhower (and which were abruptly cancelled) have hurt him politically, Mr. Khrushchev waited for the Kennedy Administration to be organized, hoping he could come to an arrangement with them. He felt that he had been slapped down when, early in the Kennedy Administration, it took the same negative stand by refusing to consider any change in Berlin.

Mr. Ehrenburg especially gave a very vivid description of Mr. Khrushchev as an emotional man who, quite in contrast to Stalin, cannot keep his feelings hidden. He genuinely liked and admired President Eisenhower, but felt hurt and rebuffed both by him and President de Gaulle.

Mr. Korneichuk asked us whether we had any suggestions which could be helpful to their government to ease the difficulties of the Berlin negotiations. We replied that it was hardly necessary to say that the complete freedom of West Berlin and access to it was not negotiable in any circumstances. We did believe that the U.S. Government was willing to negotiate, but that the U.S. could not be expected to try to get guarantees from the East German Government or to enter into any negotiations of principle with that government. This is understandable

-2-

if one considers how tremendously difficult it is for the U.S. Government
to enter into negotiations about Berlin at all. The very minimum conditions
would be that the Soviet Government give all guarantees for free access
and that the U.S. Government would not have to depend in any way on the pro-
mises of the East German Government and would not have to negotiate with
it. They only way in which the East German Government would be involved
would be that they would stamp the travel papers.

Mr. Korneichuk replied that he was convinced that this was entirely acceptable
to Mr. Khrushchev and he was sure that Mr. Khrushchev did not in any way in-
tend to embarrass or humiliate the U.S. On the other hand, he would expect
that the language chosen by the U.S. would not be humiliating to the East
German government.

We suggested that it would be important for the USSR Government to make the
point about the direct Soviet guarantee very clear. Mr. Korneichuk's answer
was that they were convinced that it was made clear enough, but that it would
be a very good idea if Mr. Walter Lippmann would address this question to
Mr. Khrushchev. He was sure that Mr. Khrushchev's answer would be precisely
what both had been telling us.

The two Russian leaders emphasized that there was growing dissatisfaction in
the Soviet Union on the side of what they called public opinion and what we
believe are Khrushchev's opponents and/or the military men in the Russian
system. They said it was urgent that negotiations begin very soon. If they
took place as late as December (we assume this to mean after the peace treaty
with East Germany is signed), the dissatisfaction would develop further and
the Soviet side would not operate with the same interest. Then conditions
for the negotiations would be more difficult.

We, on our side, tried to make it very clear to the Soviet representatives
that they must understand that there is a great deal of fear and distrust of
the Soviet Union in the U.S. This has developed as a reaction to many of
their acts after World War II. The difficulty to come to an arrangement
lies to a great extent in this fear and suspicion.

We had the impression that the two Russian representatives were frank (within
the obvious limits) and really concerned personally that their Government come
to an agreement with the U.S. and avoid war. They were also asked if anything
has changed in the estimate that nuclear war would be a disaster for both nations
and there can be no victory after such a war. They emphatically said that
this conclusion had not changed and they accepted such a statement in the
final declaration of our informal international meetings.

Erich Fromm

Homer A. Jack

London

September 17, 1961

GERMAN MILITARY REPRESENTATIVE
TO
MILITARY COMMITTEE / NATO
WASHINGTON, D. C.

3215 Cathedral Ave., N.W.

Washington D.C., 10, May 1963

Dear Sir:

Thank you very much for your letter of April 16. We are sorry
to hear that a transcript of your Chicago speech is not available.
We learned of your statement by a brief note contained in the April-8
issue of the NEUE ZUERJCHER ZEITUNG.

I would be very grateful if you could see a possibility of making
available to us, in the future, your ideas and comments on NATO and
its problems.

I may add that any costs that may be involved will, of course,
be borne by us.