April 15, 1941.

Dr. J. K. Hall

3011 Seminary Street,
Richmond, Virginia.

Dear Dr. Hall:

The next visit to Richmond took on an added glow of pleasure because of the prospect of spending the period under your roof. I intend to arrive in Richmond some time Sunday morning, will attend the first session of the American Psychoanalytic Association and leave that evening to attend the meeting of the Council of the American Association of the History of Medicine and shall be back in Richmond early Tuesday morning to stay for the rest of the meeting.

Please let me hear from you again, and in the meantime I look forward to seeing you all and remain,

Always yours,

March 20

1941

Dr. J. K. Hall
Westbrook Auditorium
Richmond, Virginia.

Dear Dr. Hall:

It was good to year from you --
as always.

I am at once getting in touch with
Dr. Max Friedemann, and shall do my best to give
you a prompt and detailed report on the things
you wish to know.

It is a great pleasure to be of ser-
vice to you.

With kindest regards.

Always yours cordially,

November 26, 1941

Dr. R. I. Hamilton,
The University of the State of New York,
Albany, New York

My dear Dr. Hamilton:

Is it in order if I write to you on behalf of Dr. Raymond de Saussure, one of the most distinguished psychiatrists and psychoanalysts whom we have been fortunate enough to have come to our land in the past few years.

Dr. de Saussure tells me that he has received a report on his State Board examinations and that his mark in Gynecology is 69 and in Diagnosis 61. He also tells me that he requested that his examination paper in Gynecology be reviewed in the hope that the examiners would see their way clear to revise the mark of 69.

Dr. de Saussure is not only a distinguished representative of psychiatry here and abroad, but a valuable citizen. He has written a number of important original contributions to psychopathology; he was for ten years assistant professor in Geneva, Switzerland, and is the founder of the Department of Mental Hygiene in that country. His practice, if, when and as he is licensed, will of course be limited to his specialty.

If it is at all possible to give favorable consideration to his request, a formal handicap would be removed thus enabling him to join our medical fraternity at the earliest possible time.

I wish to thank you in advance for your kindness and
remain,

Yours very sincerely,

filed

AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION - Centenary - 1944

March 6 - 1941

Dr. James K. Hall,
Westbrook Sanatorium,
Richmond, Virginia.

Dear Dr. Hall:

Ever since I learned that you are to be inducted as President of the American Psychiatric Association at its next meeting I had in mind writing to you. May I quote myself? I wrote some time ago to one of our colleagues that the symbolic and actual meaning of your assuming office in Richmond, Virginia, and delivering your presidential address in Boston, Massachusetts, could not be overestimated. This is not only a matter of expressing the spirit of national unity, but particularly that of emphasis on certain aspects of the spiritual leadership of the South. From everywhere I hear that you good people below the Mason and Dixon line have a far greater and deeper appreciation of the world tragedy of to-day than many around here who are confused, and whose allegiance to their own axes beclouds their judgment and mars the flexibility of their thought.

I had a rather unfortunate winter, having had influenza, which set me back in my schedule of work.

The occasion of my writing to Drs. Stevenson and Ruggles made me more definitely aware that I have not written you for a long time. The enclosed carbon copies are self-explanatory, and I sincerely hope that you approve of my idea.

I look forward with great pleasure to seeing you in Richmond, and send my warmest regards to your good wife and the rest of the family.

Yours cordially,

May 14, 1941.

Dr. Roscoe Hall,
St. Elizabeth's Hospital,
Washington, D. C.

Dear Roscoe,

I am frightfully sorry that it was impossible
for Miss Stone and myself to join you at luncheon last
Friday. By the time the luggage was brought down and the
other little details were attended to before leaving the
Jefferson it became urgent that we go to the Airport.
There was a parade in town cutting off certain streets and
one had to start much earlier than usual in order to catch
the plane for New York.

I suppose you know that before we left the hotel
there was another very important matter to be attended to:
the question of the little "f" and the big "F". The source
itself was consulted and the ever rosy and ever cheerful
Charles Hofie Campbell seemed to have been quite pleased to
know that some people concentrated so much attention on his
name. You were right. What did Glenn do?

You

Yours for bigger and better betting.

November 3, 1941

Dear Sammy:

Upon my return from Brazil I started putting together some of my glimpses of Brazilian psychiatry and found them of more than personal interest. It seems to me that our profession might well be interested in, and benefited by, the knowledge of some of the hospitals, sanitariums and psychiatrists in and around Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

I wonder whether you would consider it of value to have a brief descriptive article on the subject published -- first impressions. If yes, should such an article go to the *American Journal of Psychiatry* or to some other publication? -- Which?

The *History of Medical Psychology* greeted me upon my arrival from Brazil and I wish to tell you that it is a great pleasure to send you a copy.

Kind regards to Mrs. Hamilton.

Yours very sincerely,

Dr. Samuel W. Hamilton,
43 Barker Avenue,
White Plains, New York.

LE GRAND H. HARDY, M. D.

23 EAST 79TH STREET
NEW YORK

September 16, 1941

Dear Gregory:

Thank you for letting me see Mr. Leon Kroll.

Mr. Kroll's vision is definitely defective
in each eye due to a combination of hyperopia and
astigmatism. Most of his difficulty at present
I think is due to his presbyopia. It may turn out
to be advisable for him to go back to the old
Benjamin Franklin style of bifocals because these
curved kind are particularly bad for his canvas
work. However, I am sure there is some answer to
his problem, and I shall do my level best to help
him find it.

With warmest wishes,

Doctor Gregory Zilboorg
14 East 75th Street
New York City

DR. HEINZ HARTMANN

1150 FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK CITY
SA 2-6630

July 26th, 1941

Dear Zilboorg,

it has become an agreeable habit with
me to thank you for something - this time it is because of the
first papers; we got them relatively quickly, so I am sure your
kind intervention has proved efficient !

I wish you the best of holidays and above
all this specific state of mind we need to bring our works to
a good end. I am looking forward to reading your book in autumn.

I was very sorry that I couldn't accept
your friendly invitation to the farm. But I hope to see you soon
after the vacation.

Cordially yours

DR. HEINZ HARTMANN

June 12th, 1941

Dear Wilboorg,

this is what I will read (or about what
I will read) next Tuesday before the Psa. Society. I shall be
very glad, if in looking it through you will find a thought
which interests you enough to stimulate you to participate in
the discussion.

As unfortunately I am short of copies - may I
ask you to return it to me until Monday evening ?

Yours very sincerely

DR. HEINZ HARTMANN

June 27th 1941

Dear Zilboorg,

I was very much touched and pleased,
when Dora told me yesterday that you had suggested to me to
stay with you for the week-end. It would be fine to enjoy good
company and fresh air there - unfortunately my doctor is rather
serious about my resting and staying in bed half a day; so I am
afraid I'll have to postpone that !

Thanking you very cordially

May 28, 1941.

Mr. James Harburg,
36 East 70th Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear Jim:

Do you mind giving me a ring and telling me
whether you or someone else you might know could be of
help in the following matter. Refugee physicians are
no longer admitted to the State Board Examinations unless
they have their first papers. In the past an application
for citizenship meant having first papers. Now you apply
as of yore, get a number as of yore and wait until the
Atlantic is searched.

Dr. Raymond de Saussure and Dr. Heinz Hartmann
and his wife (also a doctor) are in this country, in New
York. They applied, they have numbers, they study for
exams, they wait for "their turn" at the U. S. Immigration
Office. De Saussure is a man of great culture and achieve-
ments, an aristocrat of old Switzerland. He lived and
practiced in Paris. He is not a Jew. Dr. Hartmann is the
grandson of the famous philosopher Hartmann, also not a
Jew; he last lived in Switzerland. All three speak
excellent English.

If there were a way of expediting the matter
they would take their examinations almost at once. Thanks.

As ever,

DR. HEINZ HARTMANN

May 27th, 1941

Dear Zilboorg,

may I indicate you, at Saussure's request, the numbers of our "receipts for fee for certificate of arrival". They are : No.2 - 885985 for me and No.2-885986 for my wife. My name on those documents is always "Henri", as my passport is delivered in Geneva; so it may be preferable to call me or "Henri" or "Heinz(Henri)" in the demand you are kind enough to make for us !

Thank you once more !

DR. HEINZ HARTMANN

May 26th, 1941

My dear Zilboorg,

thank you very much indeed for kindly
offering your help.Things are as Saussure has told you : one
is no more admitted to the examinations before having recei-
ved the first papers.I asked a friend of mine the other day,
whether he couldn't do something to accelerate the procedure
- but he wasn't to optimistic about his faculty to promote
it.So I shall be awfully glad,if you will be kind enough to
do something for me in this affair.Do you think you could
include my wife in your demand (Dr.Dora Hartmann) ?

Both of us have applied for the first pa-
pers on January 16th, 1941.

Thanking you once more and hoping to see
you soon

Very sincerely yours

May 23, 1941.

Dr. Heinz Hartmann,
1150 Fifth Avenue,
New York, N. Y.

My dear Hartmann:

There was a matter about which I wanted to talk to you last night. De Saussure told me of the new ruling which requires that an applicant for admission to the State Board of Examinations must already have received his first papers. De Saussure told me that the Immigration office is rather slow in delivering these first papers. I told him that it might be possible to expedite matters and that I might try to do something about it. It then occurs to me that it would perhaps be best if both de Saussure's applications and yours were taken up at one and the same time. If you agree with me, would you let me have your application number and the approximate date on which you applied for the first papers? I shall try to see what can be done.

It was good to see you last night.

Yours cordially,

copy filed under - WEINSTEIN, Mrs. Morris

March 19

1941

Dr. Samuel W. Hartwell,
University of Buffalo Medical School,
102 Washington Highway,
Snyder, New York.

Dear Dr. Hartwell:

I shall be very glad indeed to see the patient you wish me to examine. If you could arrange that her husband bring her to my office, Monday, March 23 at 11.45 a.m. I shall be able to arrange to see her once or twice before leaving for a ten day trip West.

Since you suggest the possibility of Bloomingdale or the Institute, and also that it would be better that she be treated outside of Buffalo, I wonder whether Wonninger's place in Tepeka might not prove suitable? Their staff is especially trained to deal with borderline cases - both psychiatically and psychoanalytically. Please let me know your reaction to this possibility. I shall - of course, report to you after I see Mrs. Morris Weinstein.

Thank you very much for referring the patient to me.

Yours very sincerely,

June 16, 1941.

Mr. Steve Hauser,
Friendly House,
727 Kansas Avenue,
Topeka, Kansas.

My dear Steve:

I am profoundly disappointed in myself. I should have answered your very kind letter sooner but I am busy finishing a book and this takes all my energy and time. So much so that I can not avail myself of the happy opportunity you offer me to play a game of chess with you by mail. It will have to be done some time in the future. In the meantime I have most pleasant memories of our meeting at Dr. Karl's and of our game.

I seem to be very unfortunate with the photographs that I ever attempt to take in Topeka. Each time something happens. The last time when I was there some moisture must have got into the film before I loaded it and the whole film was spoilt and therefore I am unable even to send you a picture I so wanted to. Better luck next time. Please keep in touch with me.

With warmest regards,

EMELINE PLACE HAYWARD, M. D.

48 WEST 85TH STREET
NEW YORK CITY
TRAFALGAR 7-1131

November 8, 1941

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
14 East 75th Street
New York, N.Y.

Dear Gregory:

A request was passed on to me
as Chairman of the Mental Hygiene Committee
at the Women's City Club to see if I could
persuade you to talk to the Club membership
some time this winter. Not being able to
even guess whether you would care to be
bothered with such a business, I pass the
request on to you. I, personally, would very
much appreciate it if you would make an address.
This is a group with which I am making Mental
Hygiene propaganda. I have found them very
receptive. The general topic of Psychiatry
and Defense suggested itself to me, but I know
that any topic which you yourself would select
would be of great interest to the Club.

EPH:jw

November 19, 1941

Dr. Emeline Place Hayward,
48 West 85th Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear Emeline:

This is in response to your very kind letter suggesting that I help my friends to do something in the terrible situation which was created by a member of members of the Society whose names you know too well for me to mention them. Need I tell you how much I appreciate your good will, your friendship, and great kindness. The reason why I appear reluctant to undertake any steps in the direction which you suggest is this: such as I would like the support of all those who either are friends or would favor me out of a sense of justice, I do not feel that I ought to "campaign" for this support. There are a number of things that are coming to light right now which only reinforce my position - which despite being painful is very strong. My friends could help me out if they on their own initiative and without benefit of my talking with them, take the position that I am being victimized by malice and slander. In due course of time I shall have no difficulty in proving it.

Thank you again.

Always yours,

November 19, 1941

Dear Emeline:

This is in response to your very kind letter suggesting that I help my friends to do something in the terrible situation which was created by a member of members of the Society whose names you know too well for me to mention them. Need I tell you how much I appreciate your good will, your friendship, and great kindness. The reason why I appear reluctant to undertake any steps in the direction which you suggest is this: much as I would like the support of all those who either are friends or would favor me out of a sense of justice, I do not feel that I ought to "campaign" for this support. There are a number of things that are coming to light right now which only reinforce my position - which despite being painful is very strong. My friends could help me most if they on their own initiative and without benefit of my talking with them, take the position that I am being victimized by malice and slander. In due course of time I shall have no difficulty in proving it.

Thank you again.

Always yours,

March 10, 1941

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

Miss Hellman has asked me to send you the enclosed invitation to a performance of "He Who Gets Slapped" at the New School this Thursday.

I shall be glad to get in touch with the New School for you if there is anything more you want to know about it, or if you want me to arrange for tickets for you. Your secretary can reach me either at home, Chelsea 2-3149, or at the theatre, Circle 5-9770.

July 2, 1941.

Dr. George W. Henry,
111 East 71st Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear George:

I read over the part you have written. Your outline on Psychiatric Education is rather brief and it is not certain yet whether it will go in or not. As to Occupational Therapy I am afraid this will have to be left out in so far as the whole question of therapy is so big that it would require a separate book. Perhaps a book on the history of therapy of mental diseases could well be contemplated as a sequel to this one.

The problem that your two chapters presents (Organic Psychoses and Hospitals) is this: some of the things you mention relating to primitive people and Greece and Rome are too fragmentary to be conclusive and in so far as I resolved them in my part they will have to be crossed out to avoid repetition. Then there is the problem with your footnotes. These are rather casual as it were; in some you do not give the title of the article but only the name of the author and the publication; at times also the year of publication is omitted. There is no uniformity, however, so that the scientific value of the notes as references for others to use is lost.

There is extremely little time left, yet whatever is to be corrected should be corrected. I wonder whether you have a carbon of the manuscript and whether you could have the footnotes properly fixed. It might prove advisable for you to drop into my office and take a look at the way we are doing it here and then proceed. We follow, at the insistence of the publisher, the style of the Chicago University Press. Suppose you give me a ring Monday and we will arrange for you to come to the office.

Cordially yours,

April 10, 1941

Dear George:

Some of our letters must have gone astray. You will remember I asked you some time ago to re-write your two chapters ("The Story of Mental Hospitals" and "The Story of Organic Mental Diseases"), reducing them to eighty typewritten pages. This figure is not absolute; ten or so pages more or less would also do.

When you returned your part of the manuscript properly marked, I found that it would be a well-night-impossible task for me to do the reducing, because I have my hands full re-writing the thousand-odd typewritten pages of my own part of the book.

Would you send someone to fetch the manuscript? It will be necessary to work it over by June first. You need not have it prepared absolutely in final form. If you have it reduced to the necessary number of pages and typed double spaced on regular type-writer sheets (not legal size), the rest will be attended to in my office: editing, re-typing, indexing, etc.

The whole manuscript will have to go to press by June 15th, and it would take at least two weeks to bring it into final shape after you do your part.

I am very sorry that I seem to have to hurry you, but I am sure you appreciate the situation.

With kind regards,

Gordially yours,

Dr. George W. Henry,
899 Park Avenue,
New York, N. Y.

HIGHWAY TRAFFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE TO THE WAR DEPARTMENT

TRUCK AND BUS INVENTORY FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE

To All Owners of Busses, Trucks, Truck-tractors, Trailers and Semitrailers:

To prevent a bottleneck in transportation during the unlimited emergency the Highway Traffic Advisory Committee to the War Department needs detailed information on each bus, truck, truck-tractor, trailer, and semitrailer in the country. It must know AT ONCE where each is located, which ones can best be made available in emergencies, and the character and customary use of each.

THE INFORMATION CONCERNING YOUR VEHICLES AND HOW YOU USE THEM IS NEEDED IMMEDIATELY BY YOUR GOVERNMENT.

How to Report the Information

1. There is enclosed herewith a questionnaire for each bus, truck, truck-tractor, truck-trailer, or semitrailer registered in your name in this State. Carefully record the information for each vehicle on the questionnaire card bearing the registration number for that vehicle. Do not include small trailers such as house trailers or farm trailers which can be pulled behind passenger cars. Cards for these types, if received, should be returned with only a notation across the face of the card as to type of trailer.

2. For your convenience in answering these inquiries, definitions of a number of terms are given on the reverse side of this letter.

3. If a vehicle registered in your name has been sold, junked, stolen, or for other reasons permanently removed from your service, the questionnaire card for that vehicle should be returned with an appropriate explanation.

4. If additional questionnaire cards are needed, fill out the spaces provided at the bottom of this sheet and return it with the other information.

5. Return the completed questionnaire forms promptly to your State Motor Vehicle Registration Office in the enclosed addressed envelope which requires no postage.

6. If any vehicle owned by you is registered in more than one State, you will receive a card from each State in which it is registered. It is necessary that a separate report be made to each State.

Very truly yours,

HIGHWAY TRAFFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE,
TO THE WAR DEPARTMENT.

Name of owner

Number of additional questionnaires needed

Registration number of each, if available

TBI-O

(Over)

16-22310

DEFINITION OF TERMS

INQUIRY No. 21.—NUMBER OF WHEELS DRIVEN (TBI-5).

Driven wheels are wheels driven by the engine. A wheel with dual tires is to be considered one wheel.

INQUIRY No. 22.—KIND OF BUSINESS (TBI-5).

*Common carrier.*—A vehicle whose owner transports for hire for the general public, but which is not used in "Local haul."

*Contract carrier.*—A vehicle whose owner transports for hire, usually under special contract with certain shippers for continuing service over a period of time, but which is not used in "Local haul."

For-hire truckers who do not haul chiefly for one kind of business should write "Various" for "Kind" in (c).

*NOTE.*—If you are an OWNER-OPERATOR who rents or leases your vehicle for use in other than "Local haul" check under "Common carrier" or "Contract carrier" depending upon service in which your vehicle is used, and indicate kind of business and products hauled under (b) or (c).

*Intrastate.*—Vehicle operation entirely within one State.

*Interstate.*—Vehicle operation between two or more States.

*Local haul.*—Vehicle operation for hire principally for local cartage within a town or city or its immediate vicinity.

INQUIRIES No. 23 (TBI-5) AND No. 19 (TBI-6).—MONTHS LEAST USED AND MOST USED.

*Least used.*—Check months when vehicle is used less than average.

Example: School bus in July and August.

*Most used.*—Check months when vehicle is used more than average.

Example: Coal delivery in November, December, January, and February.

*NOTE.*—If used uniformly throughout the year such as in bread or milk delivery, write "Uniform" across the space. Do not check months in which use is average.

INQUIRY No. 25.—BODY TYPES (TBI-5).

01 *Pick-up.*—Small open box-type body between rear fenders, generally on passenger car chassis; used for service and delivery.

02 *Van.*—Enclosed body overhanging the wheels generally separate from cab and of medium or heavy capacity; used for furniture moving, etc.

03 *Panel.*—Enclosed body of small or medium capacity on passenger car or light truck chassis generally sold as standard body models; used for service and package delivery.

04 *Cargo.*—Open-top body with high or low fixed sides and of medium or large capacity, may have tarpaulin cover; used for general freight hauling, etc.

05 *Dump.*—Open-box-type body with hoist; used for hauling gravel, sand, coal, etc.

06 *Rack.*—Special bodies such as used for hauling soft drinks, plate glass, etc.

07 *Stake or platform.*—Flat bed with or without removable stakes or sides; used for hauling bales, lumber, cement, etc.

08 *Express or screen.*—Covered body, with open sides or end, may be screened or curtained; used for retail produce, general delivery, etc.

10 *Tank.*—Tanks for transportation of liquids.

20 *Other types.*—Special types such as transit mixers, wreckers, garbage and refuse collectors, equipment-moving semitrailers, cranes, etc.

16-22310

correspondence under Mrs. SHIELDS

January 31 - 1941

Mr. Edward A. Hill,
7 Gracie Square,
New York City.

Dear Mr. Hill:

Mrs. Shields seems to be progressing fairly well, and I wish to report to you on the results of my observations.

There is no doubt that her taking an overdose of sleeping medicine is to be considered a true suicidal attempt from the psychological point of view, and in the circumstances the wisest thing would be to have her under the care of a psychiatrist for a period of time - until a serious attempt at re-education proves at least partially successful. This, of course, is easier said than done, and for the following reason. Unlike a number of cases of suicide she apparently has no psychosis (pronounced mental illness). Hence there is no way to certify her as a legally mentally sick person, and therefore it is impossible to establish over her any type of efficient medicine-legal control.

Everything now depends on the degree to which she could be persuaded that she really needs medicine-psychological supervision. That she needs such supervision I told her, but I feel it would be unwise for me to press the matter too hard. I have never considered it proper to try unduly to convince a sick person that he or she is sick. Mrs. Shields is what we call a psychopathic personality, which is a waste basket for many things; the designation "neurotic character" is more appropriate. I hope that her personal physician - in whom she has a great deal of confidence - may steer her in the proper direction, so that ultimately she will place herself under the care of a psychiatrist. There are apparently few people who have a proper influence on her, and we might be able to utilize Dr. Levitch's influence in the right medicine-psychological direction.

I expect to have Mrs. Shields discharged from the hospital by Sunday, and hope that she will turn toward a more balanced mode of living.

If there are any questions you would like to ask me, or if you wish me to do anything further, please command me.

Yours sincerely,

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 30, 1941

10:00 A. M.—Hotel Stevens, Room 445-A

MEDIEVAL SCIENCE

Chairman: RICHARD P. MCKEON, University of Chicago

"Natural Science and Naturalistic Art in the Middle Ages,"
LYNN WHITE, JR., Stanford University.

Commentator: G. DE SANTILLANA, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

"Optical Theory and the Metaphysic of Light in the Middle Ages and Renaissance," I. BERNARD COHEN, Harvard University.

Commentator: RICHARD P. MCKEON, University of Chicago

12:30 P. M.—Hotel Stevens, Room 5

Luncheon-Conference for Council of History of Science Society.

2:00 P. M.—Hotel Stevens, Room 445-A

THE CLASSICAL PERIOD OF MODERN SCIENCE

"Some Aspects of Sprat's History of the Royal Society,"
DEAN DOROTHY STIMSON, Goucher College.

"Adrien Auzout: some biographical notes,"
HARCOURT BROWN, Brown University.

"Bentham and Medical Thought,"
BENJAMIN SPECTOR, Tufts College Medical School.

WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 31, 1941

10:00 A. M.—Hotel Stevens, Room 440-A

Joint Session with the American Historical Association

HISTORY OF DISEASE AND DEMOGRAPHY

Chairman: ARNO B. LUCKHARDT, University of Chicago

"Evolution in the Application of Medical Science,"
ESMOND R. LONG, University of Pennsylvania.

"Changes in the Social Distribution of Disease,"
HENRY E. SIGERIST, The Johns Hopkins University.

"The Epidemic Constitution in Historical Perspective,"
IAGO GALDSTON, New York Academy of Medicine.

7:00 P. M.—Hotel Stevens, Private Dining Room No. 1

ANNUAL DINNER

"Address," MISS MARJORIE NICOLSON, Columbia University

HISTORY OF SCIENCE SOCIETY, Inc.

OFFICIAL BALLOT

December, 1941

For Members of the Council
to serve through December, 1944

PROF. E. B. KRUMBHAAR, Philadelphia

DEAN DOROTHY STIMSON, Baltimore

PROF. J. F. FULTON, New Haven

PROF. GEORGE S. BRETT, Toronto

PROF. ASHLEY MONTAGU, Philadelphia

or

We ask you to vote.

## Statutes of The History of Science Society

### ARTICLE IV

The president and vice-president shall be elected by ballot for two calendar years; five members of the Council shall be elected by ballot at the annual meeting for a period of three calendar years. An official ballot shall be sent to each member at least one month prior to the annual meeting. Each ballot shall contain a name proposed by the Council for each vacancy, with blank spaces in which the voter may substitute other names. A majority of all votes cast either in person or by mail shall be necessary to election. In case of failure to receive a majority vote for any office, the members present shall choose by ballot between the two having the highest vote. The corresponding secretary and treasurer and recording secretary shall be elected annually by the Council.

### NOMINATING COMMITTEE:

CONWAY ZIRKLE, Chairman

DANA B. DURAND

E. H. JOHNSON

Please indicate your vote or name other candidates... Return in enclosed Ballot Envelope, SIGNED, to Secretary, 8 The Fenway, Boston, Mass.

38 Bush Avenue
Greenwich, Conn.

December 1st, 1941

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
Poundridge Road
Bedford Village, N. Y.

RE: OPINION PARADE

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

OPINION PARADE will be a series of short, ten minute motion pictures to do a Gallup-type poll of movie audiences on controversial issues, as "Shall we have a Separate Air Force?", by presenting each side of the issue impartially, in pictorial form... but not the debating team method of two or four men... actual facts and figures, explained by charts, maps, diagrams, cartoons and animated color drawings a la Walt Disney... these facts are further simplified and illustrated by excerpts from newsreels and travelogues. The audience members then vote by means of tickets, tearing off one end for "Yes" - the other for "No", and dropping the voted stub in a locked and guarded box in the lobby on leaving the theatre.

As one man described the initial problem, "95% of the value of OPINION PARADE lies in the THINKING done before a single word of script is written." Fortunately, enough of the genuinely sincere thinkers of the country.... Walter Lippmann, H. A. Overstreet, John Ford, James Warburg, Morris Ernst, Robert R. Doane, Stanley High and a great many others.... have expressed their willingness to contribute their editorial efforts to the presentation of OPINION PARADE, so that its success is now assured. Sponsorship will be under the auspices of the Council for National Defense.... Co-ordinator for Inter-American Cultural Development and the Co-ordinator for Information.

Wrote you while someone else was talking to me - 'sense plausibility' of automatic writing

"OPINION PARADE" will consist of a series of one-reel (ten minute) motion picture short subjects intended to do a Gallup-type poll of movie audiences on controversial questions.

The basic plan is that by viewing both sides of any question presented in motion picture form, the audience can give its considered opinion with greater accuracy than when questions are presented rapidly in street interviews or by mail. These two last methods seem to bring out a more surface opinion, whereas OPINION PARADE is designed to draw out audience members so that by careful consideration of each side of the question, they really express their intensity of opinion.

## Basic Formula

The basic formula will be employment of the style of Jimmy Jomail, the "Inquiring Photographer" of the New York Daily News, on the theory that "the People's favorite hero is The People". This has been consistently proven in the Crossley ratings of the Major Bowes Amour Hour, the many radio quiz programs, and the popularity rating of the "Inquiring Photographer" column - which is among the first three in popularity of all the newspaper daily features.

## Not Controversial

The OPINION PARADE motion picture presentation method is not controversial, since each side of every controversial question will be presented impartially and with as much fairness as is humanly and reasonably possible.

## Visual Presentation

This method depends upon the proven superiority of the visual presentation, or "eye appeal". It is based upon the old adage that "One picture is worth ten thousand words".

## Not a Debate

This method provides a fast-moving change of pace, and is therefore not wordy and difficult to follow - as is a simple debate on the screen, such as "International Forum", with Dorothy Thompson, Wythe Williams, and Ralph Ingersoll.

## Audience Participation

By presenting both sides of a question in an interesting and dramatic way, OPINION PARADE becomes a new game - a variation of one of the oldest and most popular of theatrical activities, audience participation.

## Opinion Not Articulated

Opinion does not seem to go with the ability to articulate. The great masses of people look to their leaders to explain and do in a grand way that which they feel but cannot express in words. OPINION PARADE will allow the general public to become articulate on questions of national interest.

## How Opinion Parado Will Make Mass Opinion Articulate

Just as in the "Inquiring Photographer" feature of the New York Daily News, roving camera crews will present interviews with individuals on the street who typify the average citizen. When those people appear on the screen in the local theatre, and express their views, it is just as though the individual members of the audience were to get up on the stage and talk. After this, however, the narrator of the OPINION PARADE movie short presents the facts and arguments for each side of the controversy in his running commentary. At the same time, on the screen excerpts from newsreels, animated diagrams and re-actions of historic events, illustrate his points. The facts are carefully compiled beforehand by exports, but they are chosen to cover the thoughts, comments and objections in the minds of average people who have those vague impressions, yet do not have the ability to make them articulate.

An illustration, in the form of a probable first topic for presentation, will demonstrate how this method works.

Greensboro, N. C.

December 6, 1941.

Doctor Gregory Zilboorg,
New York City,

Dear Doctor Zilboorg:

My grandfather, George P. Holman, was a Doctor. He was a graduate of Yale. One of his sons practiced medicine, and his daughter married a physician. I also had a first cousin who practiced medicine. It occurred to me that if I told you these things, you might at least lend me your ear. That is all I ask: the merits of what I want to write to you about will speak for themselves. This request is made by a man who is a lineal descendant of Benjamin Harrison - one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence.

I feel today very much like Elijah did when he sat under a juniper tree and "requested for himself that he might die." It is not my troubled thoughts that I want to worry you with, but what brought about this frame of mind. I believe that this phase of the matter will interest you: otherwise I would not thus trespass on your time.

I believe you would throw a rope to a drowning man if you were standing on a river bank and the rope was available. You might even jump in yourself to save him if you knew that he was a good and a useful man, and that he had been thrown into the river by predatory interests because he had protested against their exploitation of his neighbors. Therefore, I cannot resist the temptation to write to you. All that I ask is that you will be kind enough to permit me to send you a written outline of a matter that you may pass upon its merits and determine what relationship it has to the public interest. May I send you this paper? If so, please wire me via postal at my expense.

With kind regards,

PAUL HOLMER, M. D.

221 NORTH SIXTH STREET
READING, PENNA.

December 26, 1940

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
14 E. 75th Street
New York
New York

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

I have been looking up the train schedules and it appears that the latest train which you could take from New York to Philadelphia is the one leaving Pennsylvania Station at 5:30 p.m. arriving at 30th Street Station, Philadelphia, at 7:08 p.m. This is about a mile and a half from the Medical Tower where the meetings are held but would get you in in plenty of time for the 7:30 meeting. For your return trip, I find that there is a train leaving the 30th Street Station at 10:35 which arrives at the Pennsylvania Station, New York, at 12:15. If you took this train, it will allow time between the close of your seminar and train time for my control work. If this arrangement is satisfactory for you, I believe it should work out well. There is a chance that with unfavorable weather I might not be able to drive, in which case I would have to take a train and be late for the seminar.

Your course meets every two weeks from January 18th through the end of March and I am wondering if a control hour every two weeks will be sufficient or whether I ought to come to New York in between.

ph/em

February 25

1941

Dear Jesse:

The tool that we talked about will be in your hands within the next ten days. And so will the obony.

I have been frightfully rushed the last few weeks in preparing a couple of papers, and therefore did not have much time to be a good friend. But now I have everything that I promised you (except being good), and I shall send it to you a week from this Saturday.

I will also write you shortly and tell you when I might be able to come over to visit you on a Saturday.

Affectionately yours,

THE HOME OIL COMPANY № 169

NEW CANAAN, CONNECTICUT

OIL BURNER MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT

Made between the Home Oil Co., styled the Seller and Dr. Gregory Zilboorg

styled the Buyer, whereby the Seller agrees to furnish the following service.

Burner to be thoroughly cleaned, inspected and adjusted with periodic inspections and emergency service whenever required for a period of twelve months from date of this agreement for the sum of $....................2 @ 20.00

The above plan does not include the replacement of parts which will be paid for at regular factory list prices.

The above price includes service of one burner only. For each additional burner on the same premises there will be an additional charge of $.................... for each burner.

The general conditions printed on the reverse side hereof constitute a part of this agreement.

HOME OIL COMPANY

Dated March 28, 1941

By

General Conditions:

This Maintenance Agreement covers only labor required directly on the oil burner and controls which are a part of the oil burner installation.

Service calls resulting from failure of the Owner (except when supplied by The Home Oil Company scheduled delivery) to maintain a sufficient supply of proper grade oil in the storage tank; power interruptions; water in the basement or thermostat not calling for heat are not covered by this Agreement and will be billed at regular service rates.

The Company will not be responsible for damages resulting from fires, accident and delays unavoidable or beyond its control.

This Agreement contains the entire Agreement of the parties hereeto and there are no promises, terms, conditions or obligations other than printed herein.

The Blackstone

MICHIGAN AVENUE AT BALBO
C H I C A G O
HARRISON 4300

March
21st,
1941.

Miss Kathleen Duffield,
Secretary to
Dr. Gergory Zilboorg,
14 East 75th Street,
New York City, New York.

Dear Miss Duffield:-

I have your letter of the 20th, and
we shall be very happy to reserve
a nice large airy room for Dr. Zil-
boorg's arrival on Tuesday, April
1st.

Rest assured everything possible
will be done to make him comfortable
and happy during his visit with us.

JB:LJ

John Burke,
Assistant to the
President.

The Gotham
NEW YORK CITY

The Drake
CHICAGO

The Blackstone
CHICAGO

The Evanshire
EVANSTON

The Town House
LOS ANGELES

Bellevue Biltmore
BELLEAIR FLA.

A.S.KIRKEBY
MANAGING DIRECTOR

December 31, 1941

My dear Humes:

Please accept my warmest acknowledgement of your Christmas
gift and of your kind works about my book. I am very glad indeed
to have the edition of Bodin which you were so good as to send me.
Bodin was a queer product of his age. With one foot heavily planted
in the darkest past he yet was able to touch the future. As a
lawyer he was a stark failure, and yet as a political scientist
and economist a true pioneer.

About Charcot and Richer: What I had in mind particularly
is the study of Art as subject matter for research in medical
psychology. In this there were pioneers.

Yes, the war broke up a number of plans and obscured many
a horizon. I wonder what people of our generation can contribute.

Mr. Cadman is showing steady even if slow progress.

Our correspondence intrigues me and makes me more and
more eager to see you, and yet I see no opportunity right now
for coming to San Francisco.

Warmest regards and best wishes for the coming year.

As ever,

Dr. Portia Bell Hume
Mr. Samuel Hume
University of California Hospital
San Francisco, California

PORTIA BELL HUME, M.D.
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HOSPITAL
SAN FRANCISCO

December 16, 1941.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

First I want to acknowledge your courtesy in sending us a copy of your *A History of Medical Psychology* and to express my thanks. I have read it all with considerable care. What strikes me particularly is the lucid way in which you have placed the historical development of the treatment of mental disease against the background of the culture of each period. Thus the whole presentation takes on a significance which I have found lacking in other similar works dealing with restricted fields, where the author has after all made merely a superficial tabulation of a series of facts. As I progressed in my reading of it, I kept realizing more fully what a vast amount of material of diverse kinds you had investigated, assimilated, and then organized superbly. Every page is packed. It is rich and scholarly. And lastly your distinguished style places the history in a class by itself. I am always surprised and a little disappointed to observe the lack of distinction, the "commonness" which characterizes the writing of most medical men. Although I already held you in high esteem, the reading of this last work has added to my already great admiration. Please accept my warm and sincere congratulations.

And now for a query on a very minor point though one in which I am particularly interested. On page 364 you call attention to *Les Démoniaques dans l'Art* of Charcot and Richer. In commending it you say; "This study was a great step in the history of medical psychology, for it demonstrated that psychopathology might gain considerable insight into the problems which preoccupied it not only from the study of the mentally ill but from the study of artistic self-expression as well." It is not clear what you mean here by *artistic self-expression*. It would seem

that you are speaking of the artists themselves whose works are
reproduced by Charcot and Richer, as for instance Rubens and Breugel.
For Richer of course, the artists whose works he reproduced were
depicting with more or less accuracy the physical manifestations of
people suffering from mental disease, namely hysteria. These works tell
the psychopathologist nothing about the mental condition of the artists
who produced them. If you were speaking about some of the paintings
and drawings produced by patients, as reproduced by Prinzhorn for
instance, or of some of the paintings by Wiertz, the expression *artistic
self-expression* would be clear to me.

As Portia has already written you, we are sending you a modest
token of our friendship. It is not *grande chose* but it has a mutual
interest since it is related to your lectures on *The Medical Man and the
Witch* and also to your new book. As you point out, Bodin attempted to
refute Weyer in the last pages of the *Demonomania*. This particular
edition, Lyon 1593, is not listed in the Yve-Plessis bibliography nor
in the Bibliotheca Esoterica of Dorbon-Aine, both of which I have.

To return to *Les Démoniaques* you will be interested to know that
just before the fall of Paris, Pierre Lambert of *Chez Durtal*, knowing how
eager I was to have a copy of this work and unable to find one for me,
sent me his own personal copy containing his bookplate. A typical gesture
from a delightful man, and his last to me for I have heard nothing from
him since.

I am now collecting the necessary data for Portia to write an
article on the Bruegel pen and ink sketch of the so called St.John's
or St.Veit's dancers in the Albertina in Vienna and the two engravings
taken from it which Hondius published in 1642. This involves a study of
the epidemics of choromania during the late middle ages and of course
aarlier and late manifestations. You mention them briefly on page 141
but stress particularly Flagellants. I have excellent photographs of the
engravings and a fine facsimile of the Vienna sketch. It would please

me very much if the Johns Hopkins Bulletin or the Annals should take
her article. With this as a start there are others of interest in the
field of Mental Disease in Art which she could do. When this is complete
it would be a favor if you would read it and give her the benefit of your
criticism and suggestions.

The war has washed out all my plans. The Berkeley Festival for
next year has been cancelled. I find myself at loose ends. Being a
fatalist I await my destiny with composure.

Our warmest best wishes for a happy Christmas.

BERKELEY FESTIVAL ASSOCIATION

(A NON-PROFIT CORPORATION)

**President**
LESTER HINK

**Vice-President**
GEORGE DUNSCOMB

**Executive Committee**
WILLIAM E. CHAMBERLAIN
REECE CLARK
GEORGE DUNSCOMB
LESTER HINK
JOHN M. OLNEY
ROBERT G. SPROUL
RICHARD W. YOUNG

**Treasurer**
AMERICAN TRUST COMPANY

**Secretary**
J. DELBERT SARBER

**Auditor**
G. L. BYERS

**Attorney**
REECE CLARK

**Board of Directors**
THOMAS E. CALDECOTT
CHARLES W. DAVIS
MONROE E. DEUTSCH
VIRGIL E. DICKSON
WILLIAM G. DONALD
G. T. DOUGLAS
CHESTER C. FISK
RICHARD S. FRENCH
FRANK S. GAINES
MRS. E. J. HADDEN
WILLIAM B. HERMS
H. S. HOWARD
ELWIN LE TENDRE
JAKE LEVINGSTON
PHILIP N. MCCOMBS
MRS. SAMUEL MARKS
W. E. MITCHELL
WILLIAM PARK
WILLIAM POPPER
WALTER H. RATCLIFFE
MAURICE READ
MRS. RALPH W. ROBINSON
ROBERT SIBLEY
MISS SUSAN SMITH
WARDE W. SORRICK
EMERY STONE
W. H. WOOLSEY
RAYMOND YOUNG
OLIVER YOUNGS

January 4, 1941

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
14 East seventy-fifth Street
New York City

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

I am enclosing a program of the Festival which I am preparing for the celebration of Berkeley's seventy-fifth birthday. With the theater as an avocation, I am certain that this will interest you.

Mrs. Hume has decided that it is impossible to be in two places at the same time. Her private practice here has grown so rapidly that she has had to abandon the Carmel project. She has also been given a more important position on the staff of the University of California Hospital. Dr. von Urban is carrying on in Carmel. It is, I think, a little slow, but he enjoys it there. This decision has not in any way affected relations between Dr. Hume and Dr. von Urban.

This is all for the moment. It carries our warmest best wishes for a happy and prosperous New Year, and the hope that we may have the pleasure of seeing you here.

With warmest regards, I am,

SAMUEL J. HUME, DIRECTOR

SJH:EW
ENCL.

Director
SAMUEL J. HUME

Secretary
EDITH WHITE

Address all communications to Berkeley Festival Association, Inc.
Room 224, Hotel Whitecotton, Berkeley
Phone AShberry 0904

CONCERTS AND PLAYS TO FETE BERKELEY'S DIAMOND JUBILEE

JOHN CHARLES THOMAS will be guest soloist with the Claremont Oratorio Society (augmented to 300 voices) in an impressive presentation of "ELIJAH" to be given in the nationally famous Greek Theatre at the University of California, May 4th, inaugurating a series of concerts, drama and dance programs, scheduled for six week-ends in May and June to celebrate the 75th birthday of the city of Berkeley. Also included in the series will be the SAN FRANCISCO OPERA BALLET, an unpublished spectacle play, ROMANCE, by Sidney Howard, Shakespeare's TWELFTH NIGHT, ORPHEUS IN THE UNDERWORLD (in English) by Offenbach, and a concert recital by an outstanding artist.

In commenting on the Festival, Mr. Lester W. Hink, President of the Festival Association, said, "This program offers to the citizens of Northern California an opportunity to hear and see the very best in music, dance and drama at truly popular prices, that will enable everybody to enjoy the program arranged for the city's birthday."

On Saturday afternoon, May 10th, there will be a special concert by the Berkeley Young People's Symphony Orchestra, under the direction of Mrs. Jessica Marcelli, who has developed an organization that has achieved nationwide recognition.

On Sunday, May 11, the San Francisco Opera Ballet and a symphony orchestra will present three ballets -- IN OLD VIENNA with music by Johann Strauss; ROMEO AND JULIET, for which the musical setting is arranged from two works of Tschaikowsky; and CHOPINADE, based on a suite of Chopin compositions. This will be the first appearance in the Greek Theatre of this dance group which now makes an annual tour throughout the West.

Arrangements have been completed for the production on Sunday, May 18th, of one of the most enchanting of all light operas,

- 2 -

Offenbach's ORPHEUS IN THE UNDERWORD, of which Theodore Bowie has just completed a new English translation. The San Francisco Opera Ballet will present the incidental dances and the production will be under the direction of the eminent conductor, Walter Herbert.

A concert recital by an outstanding nationally known artist will be given on Sunday afternoon May 25th.

The community motif of the Festival is demonstrated in the offering for Sunday, June 1st, of the spectacle play, ROMANCE, by Sidney Coe Howard, one of the foremost American dramatists of the last twenty years, a native son and graduate of the University of California. This will be the first performance in Northern California of this colorful costume fantasy, which will require a cast of over 500.

As a fitting climax of this anniversary Festival, Shakespeare's romantic comedy, TWELFTH NIGHT, will be presented on Sunday afternoon, June 8th, under the direction of the distinguished European producer, Dr. George Altman.

The Berkeley Festival Association is a non-profit corporation, which has been established to coordinate the festival activities of the city administration, the Senior and Junior Chambers of Commerce, the public schools and the Recreation Department.

The President of the Festival Association, Mr. Lester W. Hink, has been active for the last twenty-five years in every effort furthering the cultural life and improvement of the city, and the General Director, Mr. Samuel J. Hume, is well known for his many years as Director of the Greek Theatre and with festivals both here in the West and in the East.

SAMUEL J. HUME, DIRECTOR OF
THE BERKELEY FESTIVAL

By R. A. DAVIS

"A PROPHET is not without honor save in his own country" is a hackneyed phrase which is usually only partly true. In the case of Sam Hume, General Director of the Berkeley Festival Association, this is a fact. All of us in Berkeley have known Sam Hume for many years, for, as he himself says, "I am one of Berkeley's oldest living inhabitants. I can remember the time when."

We know him as an able speaker with a wide fund of information on a great variety of subjects. We know him as a raconteur and wit par excellence. We know him as a man of fertile imagination, of untiring energy, and great organizing ability. However, few of us know what a varied, interesting and colorful career he has had, and it is my purpose here to resume some of his outstanding achievements.

He was born in San Francisco of pioneer parents, educated in the Berkeley public schools, and spent four years in the University of California. When I asked him whether he was a graduate of the University of California he said, "No, I was honorably dismissed after four years. As my old friend Eddie O'Neill, Professor of Chemistry, used to say, I was exposed to the higher education, but it didn't take. Apparently I had a complete immunity." Nevertheless, during his undergraduate days he was on the California track team, making his "C" in his freshman year, played the leading roles in the Greek Theatre when that organization was first created, and old "grads" of the University of California still recall him as one of the peppiest yell leaders the campus ever knew. In between, he wrote the senior extravaganza and was one of the founders of the English Club.

A wit once suggested connecting him up with the football team, because "one shot of whatever it was that galvanized Sam would be good for a touchdown every time you threw the switch."

After four active years he spent a season in the Arctic Circle in Alaska, and then went to London hoping to become an actor. There by a series of strange coincidences he came in touch with the son of the great English actress Ellen Terry, Edward Gordon Craig, who was then living in Florence, Italy, publishing THE MASK and working on the production of Hamlet which was later to be done at the Moscow Art Theatre. Hume went to Florence on Craig's invitation and remained with him two years, supervising the construction of models for Hamlet, and later with Craig in London supervising the construction of a special scene for Miss Ellen Terry. Craig is

known to all historians of the modern theatre as one of the great prophets who heralded in the revolution in stage decora- tion and production methods which have characterized the last twenty-five years; he completely altered Hume's approach to the theatre.

graduate school at the end of the second. There he met the late George Pierce Baker, and produced, while Baker was still in Europe, the first play in the 47 Workshop. In 1914 he brought together the first American exhibition of stage- craft in his studio in Cambridge, Massa- chusetts. This exhibition created so much interest that he was immediately engaged by the New York Stage Society to exhibit on Fifth Avenue, New York, under its auspices. In this exhibition Hume showed for the first time in America in model form the Kuppel-horizont, or sky dome, a Ger-

He realized that the real artist of the theatre is the director and not the actor, he recognized that his own ability to organize and to bring together people of varying talents in the convergent arts and crafts of the theatre into a perfect ensemble was what he was best fitted to do.

Realizing this, he returned to Berkeley, took the necessary preliminary examinations, and entered Harvard University as a senior, graduating at the end of one year and taking a master's degree in the

man device for the creation of realistic effects then challenging the attention of American men of the theatre. It was in this exhibition that the work of Robert Edmond Jones, perhaps the most distinguished of American stage designers, was first shown.

After directing the revivals of the Delta Upsilon Society at Harvard and the musical productions of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Hume was called to assist Thomas Wood

*(Please turn to page 15)*

6

SALES MANAGER'S DIGEST

DOING BUSINESS ★★★ THE AMERICAN WAY

★ E D I T O R I A L ★

ARE YOUR MEN SELFISH -
OR INTELLIGENTLY SELF INTERESTED?

NO MAN deliberately cuts off his nose to spite his face-unless he believes some other compensation will outweigh the loss of his nose. A man will not deliberately cut off his finger, either-unless he chooses to lose his trigger finger rather than get into the trenches during war. In that case, he prefers the sure loss of one finger to the possible loss of his life.

And neither will your employes deliberately hurt themselves by doing the wrong things or failing to do the right things. If they disobey, it is only because they do not see that it will hurt them-or they see advantages to offset the damage. A lazy man will fail to carry out a job-not because he wants to injure himself-but because the selfish pleasure he gets from loafing will outweigh the bawling out he expects when the boss finds out-if he finds out.

A purely selfish employe will try to obtain every
possible advantage for himself. He will try to get
the best desk, the best tools, the best locker; he
will try to alibi himself out of trouble, to shove
responsibility off on another; he will try to get the
easiest jobs for himself; he will try by every means
at his command to get every sort of preferment.
He has never stopped to reason that in the long
run he will be hurting himself. His superiors will
eventually find out that he is not holding up his
end; his fellow employes will gang up on him-or
at least, the morale of the group will be upset.

A New York publisher recently in San Francisco
said one big trouble with employes is that they are
too selfish. What employers need, he contended,
is for employes to become objective-to look at
questions objectively and not first and foremost to
look for personal advantage. He said he himself
views all questions objectively-"But I know that
by analyzing problems objectively, the proper so-
lution eventually will be to my benefit."

If an employe is intelligently self-interested, will

he do the unintelligently selfish things? Will he
constantly try to get little advantages for himself
at the cost of his co-workers' friendship? Will he
try to loaf on the job or shift responsibility to oth-
ers-at the risk of losing his job? Will he be the
one who eventually is fired because he didn't keep
up with the developments of his work?

The actively intelligent employe will quickly see
and constantly remember that his best interests are
served when he works effectively; that his own
personal capital is enlarged as his abilities and
habits of outstanding accomplishments are in-
creased. He will clearly realize that he gains most
as he produces most and acquires new abilities to
accomplish still more.

If this is true, the employer is faced with the
question: "Shall I strive to help my employes be-
come intelligently self-interested; or shall I leave
it entirely to the individual?"

Upon his answer to this question will rest the
degree of success he will have in gaining the in-
telligent cooperation of his employes — whether
AFL or CIO-during the coming few years. The
labor surplus of yesterday is rapidly diminishing.
Mr. Randall Irwin, Director of Industrial Rela-
tions for Lockheed Aircraft, told a group of Per-
sonnel Managers on November 12th: "Within six
months the trainable labor market will be ex-
hausted; within twelve months the employable
labor market will be exhausted."

He told of Lockheed's efforts to train employes
and mentioned one educational program alone on
which the company is spending a quarter million.
He closed on this note: "Management cannot give
less thought and effort and money to its employes
than it gives to material properties-buildings,
equipment. And it is well for management to re-
member that every employe wants more out of a
job than merely his pay check."

FOR DECEMBER, 1940

5

SUPER-CHARGED PERSONALITY, PLUS
SERVICE, SPELLS SUPER SALESMEN

By R. W. ADAMS
Sales Manager Don Lee, Inc., San Francisco

like a parasitic growth, to kill the very
civilization which has produced it. A
scientist like Alexis Carrel can write
a book on "Man the Unknown," not
because man is unknown, but because
science has dismembered him almost
beyond recognition!

Our universities and colleges of neces-
sity have something to add to their cur-
riculum which in itself will be the key
to the salesman's problem. So the grad-
uating students, once in the field of pro-
duction, will have the background and

ques may be simple in theory, they
are not easy in practice. They are defi-
nitely more difficult to practice under
the present world suffering. A sales-
man approaches a customer, and he
has probably just read where sixty-
four followers of a certain political
faction have been executed by the op-
posing side. Could he possibly believe
that mankind has changed for the bet-
ter? As Robert Burns once said, "Man's
inhumanity to man makes countless
thousands mourn."

Now how is a salesman going to re-
construct his mental condition so he won't
absorb these outside influences, and be-
come exposed to their infection? It was
Ralph Waldo Emerson who said "Every
man has a history worth knowing if he
could tell it, or if we could draw it from
him. Send a deep man into any town
and he will find another deep man there,
unknown hitherto to his neighbors. That
is the great happiness of life—to add to
our high acquaintances." Could Emerson
have foreseen the necessity of urging our
salesmen to look for "high acquaint-
ances?" Was Emerson the inspiration we
need in our everyday selling?

A salesman's personality must and
can be of a high standard, because
personality is not an accidental gift,
but an achievement. It is the result of
certain habits which can be acquired
by practice. Whatever the glandular
heredity, the salesman who practices
the desirable habits will develop a bet-
ter personality than the salesman who
fails to practice such habits. Even in
small things this truth is demonstrated.
Salesmen who often attribute their fail-
ures to hard luck tend to have poorer
personalities than do those who blame
themselves. The former regard them-
selves as victims, the latter believe that
they can do something to improve their
success. The latter refuse to accept
their fate or clumsiness but continue to
try.

The habits of a salesman's personality
are the habits which turn a salesman's
energies outward into activities which in-
terest and serve other people. They are
the habits which give meat and substance
to this intangible something called mag-
netism and charm. They are the habits
which transform the divine spark, this
mysterious lightning with which every
person is endowed, into controlled and
specific currents connecting him with oth-
er people.

Therefore, personality may be defined

*(Please turn to page 14)*

R. W. ADAMS

training to meet the situations such as
are coming up for all salesmen in the
future. It is hardly conceivable that so
few universities have business adminis-
tration courses at all. Those few are post-
graduate courses, at the best. They are
only offered to the student who can afford
a post graduate course and has grades
qualifying him distinctly as an upper
division student. The masses who actual-
ly need the instruction are disregarded.
It is obvious that a salesman must develop
his own personality using his own meth-
od of motivity.

It is not surprising, therefore, that
Dale Carnegie's book "How to Win
Friends and Influence People" has won
such a tremendous audience. The very
fact that a salesman can buy the book
for less than $2.00 and learn from it
the simple and obvious techniques of
friendship and understanding makes it
more important, because our civiliza-
tion has so thoroughly ignored these
values. Moreover, though these techni-

FIRST we must analyze the present
situation and its effects upon the sales-
manager and salesmen. Business is on the
turn, conditions are above par. In fact,
in some instances, it is a question of be-
ing able to obtain the merchandise, for
the demand is in excess of the supply.
But wait a minute! How long is this go-
ing to continue, and what are going to
be the after-effects? How far is a sales-
man going to deteriorate, as far as his
actual sales talent is concerned, and what
influences will be brought to bear upon
his mental condition with two-thirds of
the world in distress? Let us take our
findings and facts as we find them, and
what a salesman has to do about it.

In September, 1936, a great tragedy
occurred at Harvard University. A trag-
edy far more profound than the present
war. And yet this tragedy, through its
details were widely published and broad-
cast, passed almost unnoticed. It happen-
ed in connection with Harvard's celebra-
tion of its three hundredth year. The
outstanding scholars of the world had
been invited to present the contributions
of their studies to mankind in a Tercen-
tenary Conference of Arts and Sciences.

After two weeks of learned papers and
discussion, the net conclusion, both stated
and implied, was that physical sciences
had made tremendous progress—the auto-
mobile, the X-ray, insulin, and thousands
of other things; but that the social stu-
dies, such as economics, history, anthro-
pology, sociology, had contributed little
or nothing to man's understanding of him-
self. While physics, chemistry, and bi-
ology had given man a miraculous con-
trol over his physical environment, they
had added practically nothing to his con-
trol of his personal and social behavior.
The printing press, the radio, had added
infinitely to people's knowledge, little to
their personalities. Though men were des-
tined by medicine and sanitation for a
longer life, the frequency of mental ill-
ness was growing at an alarming rate.
Individuals were more at war with them-
selves, nations more liable to internal
strife, and the world farther from inter-
national peace than before.

This was the gist of Harvard's cele-
bration of its three hundredth year, and
it might have been true of any of our
great universities. Add to this the fact
that Harvard was founded, like more of
our historically great universities, by the
religious leaders of the time, to prepare
students "for public employment, both
in church and in state," and the tragedy
is complete. Three hundred years of sci-
ence and education, or emancipation from
religion, and to what end?

In substance, that the true values
of personality and character have been
almost completely buried; that our ed-
ucational system has become the most
elaborate plan ever devised for obscur-
ing the obvious and homely facts of
life. To the end that we have created
a complex system of ideas, which, in-
stead of helping mankind, threatens,

FOR DECEMBER, 1940

7

LOUIS JERSAWIT

ATTORNEY AT LAW
150 BROADWAY
NEW YORK

TELEPHONE RECTOR 2-3690

February 5th, 1941.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

I regret to learn that you have had
an attack of the 'flu and trust that you will speedily
recover from its effects.

Although my problems are besetting,
they must in the circumstances await their discussion,
until such time as you may appoint.

Yours sincerely,
Louis Jersawit

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg,
14 East 75th Street,
New York City.

You are cordially invited to attend

The Luncheon Meetings

Arranged by

The Institute for Religious Studies
for its students and other ministers of all faiths

The Meetings will be held at
The Jewish Theological Seminary of America
Northeast Corner of Broadway at 122nd Street

New York City

Second Series, on Tuesdays: January 6th, January 13th, January 20th, January 27th, February 3rd, and February 10th at ten minutes after one o'clock

Program on page following

Reservation card enclosed

"RELIGION IN THE
PRESENT WORLD CRISIS"

January 6th: DOCTOR PITIRIM A. SOROKIN
Professor of Sociology, Harvard University

RABBI ARTHUR H. NEULANDER, presiding

January 13th: DOCTOR LUTHER A. WEIGLE
Professor of Religious Education and Dean of the
Divinity School, Yale University; President,
Federal Council of Churches of Christ in America

DOCTOR HORACE F. MARTIN, presiding

January 20th: DOCTOR DAVID E. ROBERTS
Professor of the Philosophy of Religion and Sys-
tematic Theology, and Dean of Students, Union
Theological Seminary

RABBI ISIDOR B. HOFFMAN, presiding

January 27th: FATHER JOHN LAFARGE, S.J.
Associate Editor, America

FATHER GEORGE B. FORD, presiding

February 3rd: RABBI MILTON STEINBERG
Rabbi, Park Avenue Synagogue

DOCTOR C. IVAR HELLSTROM, presiding

February 10th: DOCTOR GEORGE A. BUTTRICK
Pastor, Madison Avenue Presbyterian Church

RABBI LOUIS I. NEWMAN, presiding

Telephone AShland 4-5170

NATIONAL
JEWISH WELFARE BOARD

PARENT ORGANIZATION OF
Y.M.H.A.'S, Y.W.H.A.'S AND JEWISH COMMUNITY CENTERS

220 FIFTH AVENUE
NEW YORK CITY

IRVING LEHMAN, Honorary President

OFFICERS

FRANK L. WEIL, President

LLOYD W. DINKELSPIEL, Vice-President

MRS. WALTER E. HELLER, Vice-President

MRS. FELIX M. WARBURG, Vice-President

FREDERICK L. EHRMAN, Treasurer

JOSEPH ROSENZWEIG, Secretary

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

CHARLES AARON

JULIUS OCHS ADLER

HARRY J. APPLESTEIN

JOSIAH E. BRILL

BENJAMIN J. BUTTENWIESER

FRED M. BUTZEL

MORRIS CAFRITZ

LLOYD W. DINKELSPIEL

FREDERICK L. EHRMAN

ABRAM I. ELKUS

MIRIAM EPHRAIM

JOSEPH OLIVER ERICSSON

HARRY FISCHEL

ARTHUR J. FREUND

JOSEPH GOLDSTEIN

I. EDWIN GOLDWASSER

MORITZ M. GOTTLIEB

SIMON GOTTSCHALL

MRS. JEROME J. HANAUER

NATHAN A. HELLER

MRS. WALTER E. HELLER

LEO JUNG

MRS. WILLIAM DE YOUNG KAY

LOUIS E. KIRSTEIN

IRVING LEHMAN

HARRY LESSER

JACOB M. LOEB

HARRY M. MARKS

HENRY MEYERS

HENRY MORGENTHAU, JR.

CHARLES W. MORRIS

JACK NADEL

EUGENE OBERDORFER

LEON J. OBERMAYER

DAVID DE SOLA POOL

SAMUEL A. RIVKIND

WILLIAM ROSENAU

JOSEPH ROSENZWEIG

MORRIS ROTHENBERG

JOHN M. SCHIFF

PHILIP L. SEMAN

BERNARD SEMEL

MICHAEL A. STAVITSKY

AARON STRAUS

STEPHEN J. STROOCK

GEORGE SUROSKY

WALTER J. TRAUTMAN

CLARENCE E. UNTERBERG

MAX R. WAINER

MRS. FELIX M. WARBURG

FRANK L. WEIL

JACOB L. WISEMAN

EDWIN WOLF, 2ND

LOUIS KRAFT

Executive Director

December 26th, 1941.

Gregory Zilboorg, M.D.
14 East 75th Street
New York, N. Y.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

I enclose an important message from Mr. Frank L. Weil, President of the Jewish Welfare Board.

The major objectives of the Jewish Welfare Board war program can, and will be attained with your support.

Please send your contribution before the end of the year.

With the Season's Greetings.

MEMBER OF THE UNITED SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS FOR NATIONAL DEFENSE, Inc.

Telephone AShland 4-5170

NATIONAL
JEWISH WELFARE BOARD

OFFICERS

FRANK L. WEIL, President

JOSEPH ROSENZWEIG, Secretary

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

JULIUS OCHS ADLER

HARRY J. APPLESTEIN

CHARLES AARON

BENJAMIN J. BUTTENWIESER

FRED M. BUTZEL

JOSIAH E. BRILL

MORRIS CAFRITZ

LLOYD W. DINKELSPIEL

FREDERICK L. EHRMAN

MIRIAM EPHRAIM

ABRAM I. ELKUS

JOSEPH OLIVER ERICSSON

HARRY FISCHEL

ARTHUR J. FREUND

JOSEPH GOLDSTEIN

I. EDWIN GOLDWASSER

MORITZ M. GOTTLIEB

SIMON GOTTSCHALL

MRS. JEROME J. HANAUER

NATHAN A. HELLER

MRS. WALTER E. HELLER

LEO JUNG

MRS. WILLIAM DE YOUNG KAY

LOUIS E. KIRSTEIN

IRVING LEHMAN

HARRY LESSER

JACOB M. LOEB

HARRY M. MARKS

HENRY MEYERS

HENRY MORGENTHAU, JR.

CHARLES W. MORRIS

JACK NADEL

EUGENE OBERDORFER

LEON J. OBERMAYER

DAVID DE SOLA POOL

SAMUEL A. RIVKIND

WILLIAM ROSENAU

JOSEPH ROSENZWEIG

MORRIS ROTHENBERG

JOHN M. SCHIFF

PHILIP L. SEMAN

BERNARD SEMEL

MICHAEL A. STAVITSKY

AARON STRAUS

STEPHEN J. STROOCK

GEORGE SUROSKY

WALTER J. TRAUTMAN

CLARENCE E. UNTERBERG

MAX R. WAINER

MRS. FELIX M. WARBURG

FRANK L. WEIL

JACOB L. WISEMAN

EDWIN WOLF, 2ND

LOUIS KRAFT
Executive Director

WE SERVED OUR COUNTRY IN 1917-WE SERVE OUR COUNTRY TODAY

ON THE BATTLEFRONT- ON THE HOME FRONT

We are engaged today in a World War to defend the security of our homes and our institutions and to aid democracies everywhere to keep aloft the torch of liberty and enlightenment. It is an undertaking that calls upon all citizens, for a maximum of personal effort. It calls for more. It calls for a great, unyielding faith, and unshakable belief in the values of our democratic ways and in their ultimate triumph over the evil spirits of slavery and darkness. It calls for voluntary association in effective groups for the achievement of the major objectives of the war program - for that is the way in which free citizens cooperate; that is the American way. It is the way that lies open to those who are ready to serve in the program of the Jewish Welfare Board - in the Jewish Center movement, and in the army and navy welfare activities.

The work of the Board in this war is a work of building and sustaining morale-civilian and military, of individuals and of groups. It responds to a basic human need, the need for security and faith that comes from working together with others in a cause that has a challenging goal and a vital, dynamic program. It provides a means for collaboration of Jews and non-Jews in the urgent task of welding a national unity.

The achievements of two decades gives hope for the belief that the Jewish Welfare Board, strengthened nationally, through the cooperation of the major Jewish religious, cultural and fraternal organizations, sustained locally by the Jewish Center movement, which is in the full flower of development, bound in fraternal friendship with the great Catholic and Protestant welfare organizations, will meet the responsibility of the crisis and make its resources count to the full in the urgent tasks confronting all of American citizenship, of safeguarding and strengthening the freedoms which we cherish for ourselves and all who love liberty and enlightenment.

FRANK L. WEIL
President

Mrs. Irwin of the New School 'phoned again.

She has been talking to Samuel French's office - a Mr. O'Leary - who told her that they were using your translation (which they purchased from the Theatre Guild).

Mrs. Irwin thinks your best plan would be to talk to Mr. O'Leary at the French Office. 25 West 45 St. Bryant 9 - 4778

March 11

1941

Dr. Alvin Johnson,
Director,
New School for Social Research,
66 West 12 Street,
New York City.

Dear Dr. Johnson:

I hear that your Dramatic Workshop is staging Leonid Andreyov's "He Who Gets Slapped".

I wonder whose translation you are using, because as far as I know I am the only authorized translator of this play which was used for the original production of the Theatre Guild some years ago.

I also wonder whether any other matters of authorization and compensation for your production have been attended to?

Yours very sincerely,

ALFRED WINSLOW JONES

124 EAST 84 STREET
NEW YORK, N. Y.

RHinelander 4-4440

14 November 1941

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
14 East 75 Street
New York, N. Y.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg

I have been reading your articles with the greatest interest and I realize that I ought to get your comment and criticism of the enclosed, which is at present at Fortune for consideration. I refer particularly to "I Won't Apologize," bottom of p. 14 and top of p. 15. I think it is easy to demonstrate that you give entirely too much credit to Christianity. The matter, however, is certainly less simple than I have had to make it in these few pages, and I hope we can talk about it.

Incidentally, I understand that the Field Foundation is contemplating a study of anti-Semitism and I hope something comes of it. It is a very difficult subject but one that cries out for scientific attention along new lines.

Would you have dinner with me at the Harvard Club one day next week -- say, Tuesday, the 18th?

AWJ.C

NOTES for an article on

11/7/41 MW

THE FREE MARKET AND THE FUTURE

(By A. W. Jones)

The air is clamorous with "democracy." People are speaking up for it, fighting a war for it, forming organizations to defend it, endlessly defining it. Democracy "is" -- freedom, equality, fair play, decency, the republican form of government, civil liberties, a way of life (our way of life), the essence of western civilization, a system that teaches the dignity of man. Democracy turns out to be anything above the biological level that we happen to like, and there is serious danger that we are being spendthrift with the word, abasing it as currency, and wasting its usefulness. And even if we do want to set Democracy aside as a symbol for everything social that gives us a warm feeling inside, we will have made no progress toward preserving the warm feeling, whatever it comes from. Obviously, there is a need to talk about the things that we think underlie democracy -- to relate them to each other and to whatever is pertinent in history and in daily life. In the long run no amount of exhortation will save what we want to save. The only thing that will suffice will be to understand the chemistry of the soil in which it grows, and how to keep the soil from eroding away.

-2- Free Market 11/7/41 MW

Whatever else may be involved, democracy rests on the firm assumption of *political* equality among men. Not even the idea of freedom is so basic, since freedom is relative. Equality, however, is absolute and mathematical -- one man, one vote, and, in theory, perfect equality before the law. No one would say, for example, that democracy extended to the slaves in ancient Greece, or to those anywhere who are not treated as political equals.

But the paradox lies herein: whatever the law may hold, and whatever the Declaration of Independence may say, no man is created free, and *no two men are created equal*. Men are not equal in physical attributes, or in talents, in cunning, in sagacity, in parsimony, in perseverance, in the ability to acquire wealth, or in wealth itself, or status, or even in opportunity. Nor do these inequalities seem to vitiate our democracy since they are either inevitable or economic -- and virtually no one wants to see the dead leveling of incentives and rewards.

Then whence comes the demand for political equality -- now, in this world? Perhaps partly from our religion, but men were likewise equal in the sight of God in the religious middle ages, and yet there was no trace of political equality or democracy. Perhaps partly from the family, where brothers are treated as equals, but there have been times when younger brothers, because of the mere order of their birth, were deeply subordinated to the eldest. Religions have fostered inequality; family life has

-3- Free Market - 11/7/41 mv

frequently recognized it; and men are not equal in fact, so that
"human nature" can hardly provide the answer. As good a place as
any to look further to find out why our present institutions
elevate equality as a value, and why in politics it is claimed
and conceded, is the working of the economic system. No one has
to be an economic determinist to know nowadays that the way men
make a living and distribute what they make has an influence on
what they think and do in other spheres. It has been suspected
further that the free market (that is, the relatively free market,
since no market is wholly free) is the specific feature of modern
economy that has more to do with democracy than anything else.

Here is where an arresting fact jumps out of the bushes
of history. There has never existed a free market without evolu-
tion or revolution toward democracy and there has never for long
existed a democracy in the absense of a free market. It is as if
the free market were the soil and democracy the tree. It may take
ages to lay down the mould and the silt of a fertile river valley;
so it has taken hundreds of years for the market to emerge from
the myriad of planned feudal fiefdoms of a decentralized Europe.
(Nor does the tree of democracy grow evenly with the deepening
soil.) Likewise, the soil of the market does not erode away from
one year to the next. But when it has largely gone, when the free
market has calcified and shrunk, it is certain that the tree will
weaken at the roots, and then either wither and die, or be blown
over by the storms of change.

-4- Free Market - 11/7/41 mw

This is the hypothesis. If it can be upheld it must be
through an understanding of how and why the market promotes demo-
cracy.

(Before coming back to the subject of equality, here is
where we can put as much as is desired of the already dimly recog-
nized arguments -- free choice through the mechanism of supply
and demand in consumption and occupation; in the absense of the
market the control over the most personal and intimate aspects of
life by the central authority; decentralization of decision and
thus decentralization of economic power under the market; the
market operates according to the automatic "rules of the game"
rather than the decisions of a superordinate personal authority.
These points, of course, have more to do with freedom than equality,
and are extremely important, though not new, like the equality
arguments. The latter can best be shown by illustrations, and
the outstanding case is that of the employer and the humble appli-
cant for work.)

Joe Grogan wants a job. Joe is lower-lower class --
poor and without power or influence, and there is only about one
job that stands between him and destitution. Even so, when Joe
takes the job, and the bargain is struck, a very curious thing
happens, something that furthers for an instant the appearance
of human equality. We can almost assume that Joe is going to get
a fair market wage -- neither much above or below what his labor

-5- Free Market - 11/7/41 mw

is worth in the market. That is, his working ability is equal in
the market to the pay that he will get. So there is a man to man
meeting, a voluntary exchange of equal values, and it is as though,
for an instant, what is exchanged endows the exchangers with a
form of equality. Of course if Joe, unorganized, works for the
General Universal Company for what they offer him, and has to be
glad to get it, it is hard to talk about even the illusion of
equality. But if Joe compensates for his weakness by organization,
or if he works, for example, with one other in a small watch-repair
shop, his services are sold under free market conditions such as
further the appearance of equality between him and his boss . . .

Even apparently frivolous examples will help:

Lillian gets a nickel from her mother for an ice cream
cone and takes it to the corner drug store. There she confronts
Mr. Schultz across the soda fountain counter. She wants chocolate
or maple walnut. She wants Mr. Schultz to put on just a little
more. (And if he doesn't she will take her future nickels down
the street.) Then, in an instant, a bargain takes place -- nickel
exchanges for ice cream cone -- and it is as if the identical
values of commodity and money submerge momentarily all the other
inequalities. . .

(Many more examples could be given. In some, such as
the dealings of an independent farmer and the village storekeeper,
equality is there to begin with, but it is symbolized and consoli-
dated by the market exchange of equal values. Also, the importance

6- Free Market - 11/7/41 mv

of the market can be shown by citing examples of relationships
and dealings outside of the market -- within a company, within
the government, between government employee and citizen -- where
there can never be even the appearance of equality unless equality
of power and status really exists.]

In the two cases above there is the most obvious actual
inequality. No doubt democracy rests on a firmer base in a
society of more nearly equal independent producers -- farmers,
artisans, and merchants -- but even there the market underlies
the values of democracy. The market brings together, as if they
were equals, worker and boss, producer and consumer, customer and
merchant, and merchant and merchant. The separate acts of exchange
are a constant flow of tiny sparks penetrating the lives of every
member of a market society. The illusion projected from them is
so profound and persuasive that in time it begins to appear that
men are created equal. The final step toward equal political
freedom and participation -- thus toward democracy -- is often
long and difficult, but is inevitable.

- 7 -

Free Market - 11/7/41 11

The yearning for freedom and much of the whole system of liberal values is also largely rooted in the free market, but here the connection is fairly obvious and has been long recognized. Both feudalism and totalitarianism deny the virtues of freedom and the struggle against the former lost nothing in force and meaning because it was a struggle for the free market as well as for political freedom. If today the fight against totalitarianism lacks that same burning intensity (except where it is also a fight for national independence) it may be because the free market is not the fertile finely-divided soil that it once was.

Through the moments of equality that it creates, and through the craving for freedom in disposing of services and property, the market seems to underly just about everything that is meant by the word democracy -- parliamentarism, the republican form of government, one man -- one vote, civil liberties, equality, freedom, the liberal values of western civilization, the conviction of human worth, individualism, and the very idea of the *right* of man. It is not cynical, but realistic, to say that all this springs essentially from the market place, where men haggle and bargain and seek their selfish interests. It is not cynical, but realistic, to see democracy underneath the parliamentarism and civil liberties as a set of rules and procedures by which *supposed* equals balance freedom of enterprise against protection from each other.

1 line #

- 8 -

Free Market - 11/7/41 11

If this theory is correct, its importance lies in the time ahead. Of course nothing much can be done to maintain the free market while there is danger of a totalitarian world revolution by force of arms. Waging of war, or preparation for it, is necessarily and _par excellence_ a centralized, planned, nationalized activity even on the part of a democracy. But war is not a permanent condition, and the impairment of the market _can_ be corrected when it is over.

This will have to be done, however, in the face of domestic threats to democracy hardly less sinister and lethal than the international threat of Nazi Germany. They are, first, the threat of anti-democratic political upheaval caused by sharp economic contraction or collapse, and subsequent wide-spread _this_ misery, and second, the long run threat to the market and democracy implicit in certain possible economic measures for melioration.

It is fairly obvious that there will be appalling economic problems and no royal road to their solution, such as a new democratic world order. For one thing, if our part in the shooting and dying of the present war is as limited as it promises to be, there will be resentment abroad, and certainly no guarantee that we will be invited to be the co-arbiters of the world's future. Second, even if we are called upon, there is a very good chance that public opinion will again reject the role, as it did after the last war. By all means let us strive for a new democratic internationalism. If it comes, whether or not with our help it

- 9 -

Free Market - 11/7/41 11

will make new wars more unlikely, or perhaps end war forever. It
will of course ease for a time the economic strangulation and
lighten the problems that will be bad enough at best. But there
should be no illusions about the need for radical measures for this
country even in a new world of international stability and peace.

Alvin M. Hansen says that "even in a world under one
political sovereignty the fundamental factor producing depressions
would still be present . . . . It would be very dangerous to over-
look the threat to the stability of any arrangements that may be
made which would arise in case we had a recurrence of deep de-
pression." And, "With respect to the United States, it may be
asserted with confidence that this country could make no greater
contribution toward the solution of the international political
as well as economic problems than that of achieving a high degree
of internal economic stability at a level of fairly full employment
of labor and other resources."*

* *Fiscal Policy and Business Cycles, 1941, pp. 449-50*

The paradox of our times is found in the position of
progressives and good democrats who want full employment or fairly
full employment and who think that they have to look for it in
greater centralization of power and more planning, such as public
works makes necessary. Thus the argument in these pages looks as
though it is directed against the left -- and there is no help for

- 10 -

Free Market - 11/7/41 11

it. Some clarification, however, is provided by the case of the
Soviet Union.

For years left liberals have watched with growing dis-
illusionment the perversion and degeneration of the Russian
revolution, which was supposed to have realized all the libertarian,
progressive ideals of western culture. They have turned their
wrath against a dictator and his clique, whereas they ought also
to have looked at the immature state of the market in the Russia
taken over by the Bolsheviks, and then to the fact that the leaders
deliberately abandoned the evolution of the market under the N.E.P.
in favor of planned production. No doubt the Bolsheviks saw, or
thought they saw, in the N.E.P. the broad easy highway back to
capitalism, and no doubt they lay claim to credit as socialists
for choosing the hard and narrow upward path. The further conse-
quence, however, in spite of grotesque talk about "Soviet democracy,"
is that the chance of evolution toward libertarianism was eliminated
completely.

So the liberals are not only disillusioned about the
withering away of the state, but even about socialism itself.
And their instinct is very sound as long as socialism is taken to
involve the inevitable sacrifice of the free market in favor of a
plan. (Needless to say, a few, ceasing to be liberals, put
socialism, as they understand it, and revolution, ahead of democracy.
They then find emotional satisfaction in submission to a new
authority, choosing to be chained to Stalin's chariot wheel and

- 11 -

Free Market - 11/7/41 11

whipped around in every gyration of Soviet foreign policy.)

In reality the plea for the free market needs to be addressed just as earnestly to conservatives as to liberals, since the arguments at most give aid and comfort to the Brandeis type of old-fashioned conservatism rather than to big business laissez-faire. Every monopoly, whether of private industry, labor, or government; gigantism in private enterprise; price agreements, basing points, all the devices for monopoly profits; subsidies and hand-outs of all sorts; planning in the sense of letting the plan rather than the market determine what and how much is to be produced; public works as an instrument for melioration and all similar planned economic intervention on the part of government -- all constitute a detriment to the free market and a long run danger to democracy.

Those who point out to the liberals the need for a free market with its implications concerning the whole complex of profit motive, free enterprise, and private property, must turn to the conservatives with a message that is no less important, though becoming increasingly obvious to all. That is, in the world that lies beyond the horizon there will be neither free market nor democracy unless effective measures are taken for the security of the people.

Radical measures will be called for to prevent catastrophic collapse, let alone to bring about a healthy expanding market economy as a basis for democracy. Nor will all of these measures,

- 12 -

Free Market - 11/7/41 11

like Thurman Arnold's present efforts against restraint of trade, work toward the reestablishment of the market. It is the course of realism to see that sometimes there will be a clash between the free market and basic security, and whenever this takes place, security will have to come first. In other instances the market may have to yield to efficiency, if the case is strong enough -- though in general it can be shown that the free market, its rules of the game, competition, and the hard accounting world of black and red, serve efficiency far better than decree from above in the form of a plan. In certain industries monopolies are obviously called for, must be allowed to exist, or encouraged to come into existence, and in some cases should even be taken over by the government. Certainly laissez-faire is bound to be trampled under foot in dealing with questions of conservation, and public health.

(((Illustrations will have to be given for all of these exceptions.))))

With inequality in wealth as glaring as it has become it is difficult even for the free market to sustain the appearance of equality, and democracy may demand more actual equality in income distribution -- steeper income taxes, and sharp limitations to the right of inheritance.

By and large, however, the problem of full employment of men and resources (even if only in the interest of the preservation of our democracy) will not yield to anything short of a far reaching over-all solution. Here is where the crucial decision of the future

- 13 - Free Market - 11/7/41 11

will have to be taken. Pulling in one direction will be the advocates of some sort of centralized planning -- from those who think in terms of production planning as in Russia to those who want no more than a highly developed system of public works.

Pulling for another type of solution will be those who want to see the economy expanded to full employment by expanding the size of the market, through some means such as a guaranteed national income.

(((Of course in this article, we will have to duck the extensive treatment of the monetary and/or financial means for market full employment. Anyway, the subject is in the earliest stages of discussion.)))

The word "planning," which has taken a considerable hold on the general imagination, calls for a closing remark. Of course at this point in history elements of planning even in the narrower sense -- e.g., in control of soil erosion and in socialized activity like road building -- are indispensable. Also if we want to make the customary obeisance to the word plan, we can say that any over-all concept for obtaining a market full economy is a plan.

The important thing is not the names we use but whether -- looking beyond the inevitable planning in the conduct of the war -- the measures to be worked out will expand the future peace-time economy at the expense of the free market or by utilizing the automatic of the market mechanism to the full. Whatever the origin of our democracy and its values, it is the ethical system we know best and like best. We firmly believe that it makes possible as

- 14 - Free Market - 11/7/41 11

no other system could, further progress toward freedom, toward
efficiency, and toward the subjugation of nature to man's will.
Its liberal values are ends in themselves as well as means to
further ends. And it seems that the long-run fate of democracy
depends on the direction taken by our efforts at post-war meliora-
tion. To "plan" the protection of the free market along with the
welfare of the people will not be easy, and may not even be
possible. At least it will call for the country's best talents
and the most devoted work even before the international emergency
changes into a domestic one. But there is no more exciting task,
and, with the exception of winning the war against Nazi Germany,
no more important one for the future of democracy. If it is not
achieved we can be sure that anti-democratic forces and solutions
will win by default.

The slogan -- _as conservative as possible in protecting the free market, and as radical as necessary in securing the welfare of the people._ The result -- that slight and wise intervention of the state that will prevent the hypertrophy of the state and open up new roads for human progress in our time.

end

Advisory Editorial Board

FRANZ ALEXANDER, M.D.
JULIUS BAUER, M.D.
A. A. BRILL, M.D.
J. F. BROWN, Ph.D.
GEORGE DEVEREUX, PH.D.
BERNARD GLUECK, M.D.
HARRY B. HAINES, M.A.
LELAND E. HINSIE, M.D.
BEN KARPMAN, M.D.
KALPH LONDON, PH.D.
SANDOR LORAND, M.D.
SYDNEY MAUGHS, M.D.
MERRILL MOORE, M.D.
C. P. OBERNDORF, M.D.
GEZA ROHEIM, PH.D.
LOWELL S. SELLING, M.D.
GREGORY ZILBOORG, M.D.

JOURNAL
of
CRIMINAL
PSYCHOPATHOLOGY

Editor

V. C. BRANHAM, M.D.

Staff

W. FERNHOFF, M.D.
JULIUS SCHWARZ, M.D.
JACOB RUBIN, M.D.
C. D. OWENS, A.B.
JAMES J. BROOKS, A.M.
P. S. HENDERSON, PH.D.
W. G. ROSE, PH.B.

Address all communications
to the Editor

V. C. BRANHAM, M.D.
Woodbourne, N. Y.

April 9, 1941.

Dr. Gregory Zilberg,
14 East 75th Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear Dr. Zilberg:

Dr. Raymond Gosselin has informed me of his willingness to exchange a page of advertising between the *Psychoanalytic Quarterly* and the *JOURNAL*. Of course, I have you to thank for this and I appreciate that in the midst of considerable press of activities you have found time to give the *JOURNAL* a friendly copy in the upward direction.

Your time is allocated so precisely that I hesitate to encroach upon it by suggesting another interview; however, possibly we could get together for a half-hour conversation at lunch sometime in the near future at your convenience. Perhaps at that time we could talk further about the matter of a "get-together" of the members of the Editorial Board of the *JOURNAL*. Of course, there is always the need for securing good manuscript and I am hoping that you may have some of your series of cases presented before the Psychoanalytic Institute at Chicago on famous murder cases available for publication at an early date in the *JOURNAL*. Incidentally, I shall be glad to reprint any of these articles for you if it is a question of early publication.

One of the articles I have had in mind and dreamed about getting from your prolific wit sometime is an article on Suicide and Murder. Would it be possible, for instance, to have a rather lengthy discussion of the subject which might assume the proportions of a near-monograph in size and importance? It could be published in two or three issues of the JOURNAL and then could be put out in monograph form. I assure you that I would go to considerable length toward putting it out and widely distributing it so as to have it presented with the greatest effectiveness. The JOURNAL is already reaching university libraries and principal medical schools throughout the country and if I may judge from injuries which come from most unexpected sources, it has quite a wide reading public.

VCB:EP

Address all communications to the editor
V. C. BRANHAM M. D.

Woodbourne, N. Y.

Advisory Editorial Board

FRANZ ALEXANDER M.D.

JULIUS BAUER M.D.

A. A. BRILL M.D.

J. F. BROWN PH.D.

GEORGE DEVEREUX PH.D.

BERNARD GLUECK M.D.

HARRY B. HAINES M.A.

LELAND E. HINSIE M.D.

BEN KARPMAN M.D.

RALPH LINTON PH.D.

SANDOR LORAND M.D.

C. P. OBERNDORF M.D.

GEZA ROHEIM PH.D.

LOWELL S. SELLING M.D.

PAUL SCHILDER M.D.

Editor

V. C. BRANHAM M.D.

Staff

W. FERNHOFF M.D.

JULIUS SCHWARZ M.D.

JACOB RUBIN M.D.

C. D. OWENS A.B.

JAMES J. BROOKS A.M.

JACK SCHUYLER A.M.

P. S. HENDERSON PH.D.

W. G. ROSE PH.B.

February 13, 1941.

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg,
14 East 75th Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg;

The suggestion you have made in your communication of February 10 that the JOURNAL be exchanged for the *Psychoanalytic Quarterly* is a welcome one. I have been subscribing to it personally because I was unable to effect an exchange but if you can bring this about, it will be helpful to me not only financially but it will also bring the two publications into a closer relationship. There is a great deal of material in the *Psychoanalytic Quarterly* which is a valuable reference to the JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL PSYCHOPATHOLOGY.

It is quite regrettable that the middle initial "S" found its way into your name. Offhand, I cannot recall how a mistake of this kind occurred. As Editor, of course, the responsibility is directly on my shoulders. I trust that the mistake has not caused you any undue embarrassment and, of course, it will be rectified immediately.

In a rural section, such as Sullivan County, it is impossible to find the most up-to-date printing equipment. Accordingly, there are not available anywhere throughout the vicinity presses which can turn out *Sixteen* imprints at one time. The printing of books, as you know, is usually done that way and Journals naturally lend themselves to the same procedure. An octavo is a very convenient method of printing and permits the Editor to place the deadline for printing at the latest possible moment so that last-minute accessions of manuscript can be incorporated in an issue, as well as arrangement of manuscript material. All of these facilities have been denied me. I do not have the money to go to the best printing establishments and, therefore, we have had to make the arrangement of using single folio and of printing manuscript throughout the quarter. Especially good printing rates can be obtained if the printer can do the work between other jobs; therefore, it is of special advantage to me if I can have manuscript well ahead of the final production of each issue of the JOURNAL.

I have made quite a lengthy discussion of this problem because of your interest in and knowledge of matters of this kind. Also, it is my hope that you will find yourself in a position to make available to me immediately some of the

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg

- 2 -

2/13/41

excellent analytical material of which you spoke at the time of our last
meeting. By obtaining this material at an early date, I can give it a
prominent position in the next issue and subsequent issues of the JOURNAL.
Could you, for example, send me at this time some of the material in question?
I would like very much to prepare also a bibliography and vita of yourself
similar to the one prepared for Dr. Schilder in a previous issue. A reprint
of the Dr. Schilder material is attached hereto for your reference.

I deeply appreciate the warm personal interest you have taken in the
production of this work, more especially since you already have so many in-
teresting activities engaging your attention and time. Advice and contribu-
tion of material which you can give me, however, will prove to be most helpful
indeed.

VCB:EP

Enc.

February 10, 1941

Dr. F. C. Branham, Editor,
Journal of Criminal Psychopathology,
Woodbourne, New York.

Dear Dr. Branham:

Thank you for the first issue of the Journal
of Criminal Psychopathology. Do you exchange it for
the Psychoanalytic Quarterly? If not, please let me
know and I shall arrange it.

Incidentally, I noticed that by mistake I was
given a middle initial "S". I have no middle initial
at all.

With kind regards,

Yours cordially,

Advisory Editorial Board

FRANZ ALEXANDER M.D.

JULIUS BAUER M.D.

A. A. BRILL M.D.

J. F. BROWN PH.D.

GEORGE DEVEREUX PH.D.

BERNARD GLUECK M.D.

HARRY B. HAINES M.A.

LELAND E. HINSIE M.D.

BEN KARPMAN M.D.

RALPH LINTON PH.D.

SANDOR LORAND M.D.

C. P. OBERNDORF M.D.

GEZA ROHEIM PH.D.

LOWELL S. SELLING M.D.

PAUL Schilder M.D.

V. C. BRANHAM M. D.

Woodbourne, N. Y.

Editor

V. C. BRANHAM M.D.

Staff

W. FERNHOFF M.D.

JULIUS SCHWARZ M.D.

JACOB RUBIN M.D.

C. D. OWENS A.B.

JAMES J. BROOKS A.M.

JACK SCHUYLER A.M.

P. S. HENDERSON PH.D.

W. G. ROSE PH.B.

January 16, 1941.

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg,
14 East Seventy-Fifth Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

Your suggestion of January 9 regarding the Board dinner meeting to promote the format and contents of the JOURNAL is an interesting and profitable one. I think we shall plan a Board meeting sometime in March and I hope that we can make it an annual affair of some importance to the group. It occurs to me that a single guest who could give a fairly brief but illuminating talk to the group would be in order. Mr. Sanford Bates who is pre-eminent in the field of penology could deliver a very interesting talk in regard to some rather amazing prison conditions throughout the country as a whole. Frankly, I consider him No. 1 Man among penologists in the country and I am sure that he will be more than glad to join with us at the annual dinner.

The January issue will be out in about ten days, and
I will be delighted to receive your comments at that time.

VCB:EP

January 9

1941

Dr. V. C. Branham,
Editor,
Journal of Criminal Psychopathology,
Woodbourne, New York.

Dear Dr. Branham:

Thank you for honouring me with an invitation to become a member of the Editorial Board of your Journal of Criminal Psychopathology. I liked your undertaking ever since I had the pleasure of seeing the first issue, and I hope that I may be useful enough as a member of the Board to justify your choice.

By way of a beginning; may I submit for your consideration the following suggestion. Some time in the Spring it might be advisable to have the Board meet at dinner for an informal discussion on how to improve and promote the Journal. A free exchange of opinions might prove very fruitful.

With kind regards.

Yours cordially,

Advisory Editorial Board

FRANZ ALEXANDER M.D.

JULIUS BAUER M.D.

A. A. BRILL M.D.

J. F. BROWN PH.D.

GEORGE DEVEREUX PH.D.

BERNARD GLUECK M.D.

HARRY B. HAINES M.A.

LELAND E. HINSIE M.D.

BEN KARPMAN M.D.

RALPH LINTON PH.D.

SANDOR LORAND M.D.

C. P. OBERNDORF M.D.

GEZA ROHEIM PH.D.

LOWELL S. SELLING M.D.

PAUL SCHILDER M.D.

V. C. BRANHAM M. D.

Woodbourne, N. Y.

Editor

V. C. BRANHAM M.D.

Staff

W. FERNHOFF M.D.

JULIUS SCHWARZ M.D.

JACOB RUBIN M.D.

C. D. OWENS A.B.

JAMES J. BROOKS A.M.

JACK SCHUYLER A.M.

P. S. HENDERSON PH.D.

W. G. ROSE PH.B.

January 7, 1941.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

Would you honor the JOURNAL by becoming a member of its Editorial Board? It is with great pleasure that I would welcome such an addition to the Board, knowing as I do, your deep interest in the field of Criminal Psychopathology and your extensive analyses and writings in the field of anti-social behavior.

The duties of a Board Member are not onerous. From time to time I hope that you might be in a position to contribute an article to the JOURNAL and to offer suggestions regarding its format and contents as they occur to you upon receipt of successive issues.

VCB:EP

COLUMBIA CONCERTS CORPORATION

113 WEST FIFTY-SEVENTH STREET • NEW YORK

ARTHUR JUDSON
PRESIDENT

CIRCLE 7-6900

CABLE: COLCONCERT

August 14th, 1941.

Dear Dr. Zilboorg:

Some time ago, I received a letter from Ottavio Pinto, an architect of Sao Paulo, whose wife is Guiomar Novaes, the eminent Brazilian pianist. Before telling you the contents of the letter, I would like to point out that Mr. Pinto and Mme. Novaes have offered a prize to a young American pianist and a guaranteed tour of Brazil. This pianist has been selected, is now making the tour and is having a tremendous success. Columbia Concerts is repaying this gesture by offering a like prize to a Brazilian pianist to be selected under the supervision of the Pintos.

Amongst other things, Mr. Pinto wrote me the following:

"I really think that a tie must be worked between the States and Brazil in regard to cultural and musical relations. The Germans are controlling several culturas here and an artist to be engaged in such organizations must have the approval of the German Embassy!! and if there is any doubt that the Ambassador cannot decide, the decision comes from Berlin!! They control some of the culturas by paying all the debts of such organizations. Also, several artists have given concerts in Germany invited by the German Government. This before the War. Now as I have said, they have the feet here! Poldi Mildner was engaged to play here in the culturas controlled by the Germans but when she arrived here an order came from Berlin forbidding her to play in those organizations because she ran out of Germany. Cables were exchanged between the German Embassy and Berlin but nothing could be done. And those Culturas carry Brazilian names and Brazilian direction. I think the United States could do also something here to weigh with the Germans because if not in the near future only nazis or pro-nazi artists will have chances. I would like to know who in the States from the Government is the right person to discuss these matters as I would like to write a letter denouncing this absurd situation and to see

METROPOLITAN MUSICAL BUREAU, INC. · EVANS & SALTER, INCORPORATED · CONCERT MANAGEMENT ARTHUR JUDSON, INC.
HAENSEL & JONES · COMMUNITY CONCERT SERVICE · WOLFSOHN MUSICAL BUREAU OF NEW YORK, INCORPORATED

ARTHUR JUDSON, President · F. C. COPPICUS, Executive Vice President

(Dr. Gregory Zilboorg

- 2 -

August 14th, 1941.)

what could be done. You know I am working in a Brazilian Federation of music clubs and I do not want to be working in an organization to end in the hands and control of the nazis."

Being well acquainted with Mr. William C. Bullitt, former Ambassador to France, I brought this to his attention. He advised me to get in touch personally with Mr. Nelson Rockefeller. I have had some experience with Mr. Rockefeller's Committee and I am very loath to get in touch with him. I think it would be a waste of time and the whole matter would probably be handled in an improper way.

I hesitate to impose on your good will but since you are going to be in Brazil and since your connections are important, I believe that you can bring back with you information which will either confirm Mr. Pinto's statements or deny them. Should it happen that the situation is as serious as you say, I believe that we can develop some method of combatting the Nazi influence. However, I do want your unbiased judgment, if you can take the time.

I am enclosing a letter to Mr. Pinto. I am mailing him a copy and giving you the original in order to avoid difficulties of censorship. I hope that he will be in a position to get in touch with you. In the meanwhile, will you allow me to wish you a very pleasant trip and a most successful one?

Thank you for having the pictures sent me. It was a great pleasure to see you again on Sunday.

AJ:NS

November 26, 1941

Mrs. Eli M. Kammerman,
7721 Sixteenth Street, N. W.
Washington, D. C.

My dear Mrs. Kammernan:

Judging from your letter I must
have heard from you before and I am most
sorry to say that I do not remember it.
Will you be good enough to write and tell
me briefly about the purpose of the
appointment.

Unfortunately I am not going to
be in the city either this Saturday or
December fifth. A weekday appointment
would be easier to arrange because my
Saturdays are extremely uncertain.

Yours sincerely,

27 SIXTH AVENUE

BROOKLYN, N. Y.

STERLING 3-2501

Dearest Grischa:--

Thank you for the book; I am
dining quietly in my bed (alone) tonight with
starting to read it the main motif of the whole
occasion. It looks like the kind of book I shall
love and I am going to write to you again after
I've had my feast. This is just to acknowledge
it's receipt wity my appreciation of your thought-
fulness.

I hope you're well and rested, and
I'd love to see you. I am bursting with my own
kind of excitable vitality and functioning, I think,,
reasonably well.

Please call me when you have time
and let's talk--or eat--or both.

Wednesday

September 11, 1941

Dear Beatrice:

I was so occupied finishing my book and reading
galleys and page proofs that I did not have a chance to
arrange to see you. Now I am very tired and I am going
away. I shall be back at my desk on October 21st.

You may have heard that the book is going to be
published at the end of October. Of course I shall send
you a copy and of course you will like it. This book is
written not only for the pompous bookworm but for intel-
ligent readers like you and like I used to be.

Please do get in touch with me as soon after my
return as you can. If you find it convenient, there are
a great many things I would like to talk over with you.

With warmest regards,

As ever,

Mrs. Beatrice Kaufman,
14 East 94th Street,
New York, N. Y.

["Pm\n5 cents\nNEW YORK DAILY", "27 SIXTH AVENUE", "BROOKLYN, N. Y.", "STERLING 3-2501", "Dear Grischa:-", "Maybe it isn't as much fun where you are,\nbut I'm sure it's cooler. I have, however, found a new\npleasurable outlet; it is dirt. Everyone, I think, must\nwant to be both dirty and sloppy and this office is a\nkind of filthy paradise. There are few pleasures greater\nthan flinging things on the floor with abandon; papers,\ncigarettes, ashes, etc. clips, string, empty bottles and, I\nam tempted to add, myself.", "My promised report on Anne is a little dif-\nficult. The Kaufman version of that truly brilliant speech\nyou outlined was not equal to the master's, but an honest\nattempt to follow it carefully. She listened with enormous\ninterest--so great an interest that later in the car she\nhad to stop it and go wee-wee in the woods, and when I asked\nher why she hadn't gone in comfort on the train, she said\n"What! And miss a single word of what you were saying!"", "In all justice to her, her life has been\nvery hectic since then; we have had two weeks of the Harpo\nMarxes and the trinity in the performance of \"The Man Who\nCame To Dinner\". Anne got herself a job as assistant prop\ngirl, and according to her this necessitated her being in\nthe theatre daily from eleven in the morning till two the\nfollowing day. This also necessitated her lunching, dining,\ncavorting around the countryside with every male attached\nto the cast, but there was, I felt, some safety in this"]

situation.

She still looks upon me as a definite rival; it is
unfortunate that my middle years are not quieter. They are,
incidentally, noisy as hell and there are a great many men
flocking to my portal. A portal which I sometimes fear is
too open. I went into my past with her; this part I seemed
able to do very well, and she accepted without questioning
that my life had been a rich one emotionally. But now she
wants a clear MM field; a few times I have thought maybe I
ought to quit and leave it to her, but then again I think
she is the one who should make the adjustment. Sometimes I
am quite irritable with her; even George has spoken to me about
this.

I hope you have finished your book and are resting
a little; I am maddened by your industry and single-tracked-
ness. I think you should have gaiety and freedom and do
things just because you want to and to hell with everything.

I have decided to begin a diary, and I shall start
at once with the view of publication in my mind. Not emotional
goings on at all, but my life here, at home, on the streets.
Like this letter, kind of. But no sex in it. What do you
think?

Please drop me a line--I shall be in town the first
three days of next week and then not till August 25th.

And thank you for that talk; you know I think you're
wonderful and how deeply appreciative I am of both the time
you gave me and the wisdom I partook of.

Tuesday

COMMONWEALTH
4142

M. RALPH KAUFMAN, M. D.

82 MARLBOROUGH STREET
BOSTON, MASS.

September 22, 1941

My dear Gregory: There are a number of things
of some importance to the
Section which need to be discussed by the full
Council. There will therefore be a meeting of
the Council in New York at Phil Lehrman's office,
25 Central Park West, on October 19th at 10 a.m.
I hope you will be able to come to it.

The family and I had a swell summer. We sort of
expected that Ray and Gregory might drive up to
see us and were disappointed not to have them do
so. How about your own vacation? Are you still
planning your cruise?

With kindest regards, I am

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
14 East 75th Street
New York, New York

COMMONWEALTH
4142

M. RALPH KAUFMAN, M. D.

June 18, 1941

My dear Gregory: Thank you very much for your letter. I certainly would like to discuss the Section matters with you. I agree that we should not send any letters to prospective members until autumn, especially in the light of recent developments.

I have had a number of letters from you, in each of which you stated you had something you would like to talk over with me, but somehow or other we have never had an opportunity of getting together. I am to be in Greenwich, Connecticut, at the Edgewood School, from June 25th to July 6th, to participate in an institute for social workers. Since that is within reasonable distance of your farm, we may perhaps arrange to get together for an evening. Besides, I would like to see you.

With kindest regards, I am

June 17, 1941.

Dr. Ralph Kaufman,
62 Marlborough Street,
Boston, Mass.

Dear Mo:

Your letter of June 12th is here. It raises several inter-
esting questions which were in my mind and in which I think I have
gained considerable experience during the two years of my service on
the Programme Committee of the American Psychoanalytic Association.
Unfortunately I had great difficulty when it came to arranging the
programme of the Section, although traditionally the Chairman of the
Programme Committee and the Chairman of the Section are supposed to
cooperate always in making up the programme of the Section. If I
were you I would postpone until next autumn sending out letters invit-
ing people to become members of the Section and would later take the
whole matter up when the Council meets.

In the meantime I must say that I am very eager to see you
and talk with you about a number of things, pressing and otherwise.
Unfortunately I am unable to leave New York. The aftermath of the
political struggle of last year in New York is unsavory and fright-
ful. The thing degenerated into a situation in which I am apparently
to bear the major burden, and things at times appear extremely
serious.

Such matters do not lend themselves to expression in corres-
pondence, and I do hope that after July 1st we may have a long talk.
I feel the need of it.

As ever,

M. RALPH KAUFMAN, M. D.

COMMONWEALTH
4142

June 12, 1941

My dear Gregory: As you know, there has been some criticism of the Section within the American Psychiatric, because apparently it has been rather static. It has been suggested by some members of the Section that it would be a good idea to increase membership and to this end Dr. Lehrman and I, with the help of Dr. Menninger, have drawn up a list of the present members and those who are apparently qualified for membership in the Section through the fact that they are at the present time members of the American Psychoanalytic and American Psychiatric. Before sending letters to these people, in-viting them to become members of the Section, it would be advisable for the individuals on the Council to look over the list and offer any crit-i-cisms or suggestions. With this end in view I am enclosing a list of the present members of the Section and also of the others. "Could you be kind enough to go over this list and send me your suggestions.

Since the Section has the right to choose its members on the basis of their qualifications, we should have some kind of application form which is to be signed by the applicant. If you have any ideas on this matter, please draw up a specimen application blank.

There has been a good deal of criticism of the programs offered by the Section. As you know, there are two meetings, one alone as a Section, and one joint meeting with the American Psychoanalytic. The general psychiatrists have been critical of our programs because by and large the papers have been of a highly technical nature. It seems to me that we should choose a theme of general interest to the psychiatrist, to which an analyst might make some specific contribution. Incidentally Dr. Bowman, who is Chairman of the Program Committee of the American Psychiatric, heartily concurs in this view. Would you suggest one or two themes, around which we might build our program for the next meeting.

Undoubtedly there will be a number of other matters which the Council will have to discuss, and I am planning to have a meeting of the Council either in Boston or in New York early in the Fall. In the meantime, if there is anything that you wish to place on the agenda for this meeting, please write me.

With kindest personal regards, I am

SUGGESTED ADDITIONAL MEMBERSHIP FOR THE SECTION ON PSYCHOANALYSIS
of the AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION

<table>
  <tr>
    <td>Alexander, Franz</td>
    <td>French, Thomas M.</td>
    <td>Murray, John M.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Ames, Thaddeus H.</td>
    <td>Fromm-Reichmann, Frieda</td>
    <td>Orgel, Samuel Z.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Anthonisen, Niels L.</td>
    <td>Fuerst, Rudolf A.</td>
    <td>Orr, Douglass W.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Appel, Kenneth E.</td>
    <td>Goldman, George S.</td>
    <td>Nunberg, Herman</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>August, Harry E.</td>
    <td>Gosselin, Raymond</td>
    <td>Parker, Z. Rita</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Barrett, William G.</td>
    <td>Greenacre, Phyllis</td>
    <td>Pearson, Gerald H. J.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Berliner, Bernhard</td>
    <td>Grinker, Roy</td>
    <td>Powers, Lillian D.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Biddle, Sydney G.</td>
    <td>Grotjahn, Martin</td>
    <td>Rosenheim, Frederick</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Blanton, Smiley</td>
    <td>Gwin, Alva</td>
    <td>Saul, Leon J.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Bollmeier, Ludolf N.</td>
    <td>Healy, William</td>
    <td>Schwartz, Louis Adrian</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Briehl, Walter</td>
    <td>Hendrick, Ives</td>
    <td>Schoenfeld, Dudley D.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Broadwin, Isra T.</td>
    <td>Horney, Karen</td>
    <td>Smith, Joseph</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Campbell, Coyne H.</td>
    <td>Howard, Edgerton McC.</td>
    <td>Smith, Lauren H.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Carmichael, Hugh T.</td>
    <td>Jarvis, Marjorie</td>
    <td>Stern, Adolph</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Chassell, Joseph O.</td>
    <td></td>
    <td>Sullivan, Harry Stack</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Clothier, Florence</td>
    <td>Knopf, Olga</td>
    <td>Tufford, Norman G.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Crowley, Ralph</td>
    <td>Lewin, Bertram D.</td>
    <td>Wall, James H.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Deming, Julia-</td>
    <td>Lippman, Hyman S.</td>
    <td>Warburg, Bettina</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Dorsey, John M.</td>
    <td>Malcove, Lillian</td>
    <td>Weininger, Benjamin I.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Eisendorfer, Arnold</td>
    <td>Masserman, Jules H.</td>
    <td>Weinstock, Harry I.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Eisler, Edwin R.</td>
    <td>Michaels, Joseph J.</td>
    <td>Wilbur, George B.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>English, O. Spurgeon</td>
    <td>Miller, Milton L.</td>
    <td>Wilson, George W.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Finesinger, Jacob E.</td>
    <td>Mittelmann, Bela</td>
    <td>Wolfe, Theodore P.</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td>Frank, Richard L.</td>
    <td>Moloney, J. Clark</td>
    <td>Young, David A.</td>
  </tr>
</table>

Membership List - 3

55. Sands, Dr. Irving J.
56. Silverberg, Dr. William V.
57. Slight, Dr. David
58. Smeltz, Dr. George W.
59. Thompson, Dr. Clara M.
60. Tidd, Dr. Charles W.
61. van Ophuijsen, Dr. J.H.W.
62. Wittels, Dr. Fritz
63. Zilboorg, Dr. Gregory
202 New York Avenue
315 Central Park West
950 East 59th Street
121 University Place
151 East 83rd Street
415 North Camden Drive
142 East 68th Street
91 Central Park West
14 East 75th Street

Brooklyn, New York
New York City
Chicago, Illinois
Pittsburgh, Penna.
New York City
Beverly Hills, Calif.
New York City
New York City
New York City

COMMONWEALTH
4142

M. RALPH KAUFMAN, M. D.

April 17, 1941

Dear Gregory: Thank you very much for referring Mr. Noble, who has as yet not called me.

I had expected to hear from you ere this
and had been looking forward to a visit
from you at the farm. I suppose, however,
that by now I will not see you until we
get to Richmond.

With kindest regards to the family, I am,
as always,

Did not send reprints he asked for because we
will only have about 45 copies unless we can get
more. But am also holding his copies of Paradoxical
and Paternalistic in case you want to send him four
or five of these as well/

9

FEDERAL SECURITY AGENCY
U. S. PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE
Medical Center for Federal Prisoners
Springfield, Missouri

IN REPLYING, ADDRESS THE

July 16, 1941

Dr. G. Zilboorg
New York City

My dear Dr. Zilboorg:

Could you spare a copy of your article on The neurotic Character and the pervert, J. Nerv. & Ment. Dis., 1931, Sept.
We would greatly appreciate receiving a copy of this paper for our Medical Library. We now have a special unit of 304 beds for the study and treatment of psychopathic patients, and a reprint of your article would be helpful in our work.

December 30, 1941

Dr. Robert Knight,
The Menninger Clinic,
Topeka, Kansas.

Dear BOB:

I appreciated your telephone call more than I can tell. Among those who found it possible to assure me of their friendship and loyalty you and Karl were the most straightforward and sincere, and I was deeply moved.

This business is dirty and very inhuman. It looks as if it will be finally resolved without much further damage, but it is so painful to lose faith in those whose duty it is to remain decent. Alexander proved to be a perfidious, small man. Levy - smaller and as perfidious. A pity. I gave no quarter and I think I won - as far as the immediate, formal issue is concerned - but analysis was hit badly.

Thank you again and Happy New Year to you and
your family.

Gordially yours,

Dr. Adelheid Koch

São Paulo, October 3rd 1941
rua Maristella, 16

Dear Dr. Zilboorg!

In consequence of a slight disease I had to stay in bed during the whole week and did not speak with my colleagues. So I was really upset, when I read only this afternoon, that you are here and will hold a lecture about psychiatry. Of course I wished to be present at this lecture, but my doctor did not allow that I leave my house in the coldness of the night. I would be awfully sorry, if I should lose the opportunity of speaking with you. Hearing that you will leave São Paulo already tomorrow, I shall make it possible to visit you in your hotel, even if you could give me only a few minutes.

It would be very kind if you would ring me up to morrow (saturday) - my number is 8-3106 - and tell me, if I can come and which hour would suit you. You can ring up at any hour from 7 o'clock. The way from my house to your hotel takes about 20 minutes.

With kind regards

SEE LETTER OF 12/31/41 MARL MENNINGER

Dr.H. Kronheimer, Arnhem (The Netherlands), 28-4-1941
Gabrielstr. 22.

Mr. Gregory Zilboorg, M.D.
c/o The John Hopkins University
Baltimore, Md.

Dear Sir,

I sent you as printed paper a copy of
a little memorial article. Perhaps you will be glad
to have a good picture of the great Johannes Wier.
I was much interested in reading your excellent
lecture over this eminent man and I share your vivid
enthusiasm of this man, the prominent signification
of whom is to little known to the colleagues.

Yours faithfully

December 17, 1941

Dr. Lawrence S. Kubie,
7 East 81st Street,
New York, N. Y.

Dear Larry:

Although we had a satisfactory talk over the telephone I feel that I want to write to you and tell you this.

Your appearance and testimony before the Board of Directors last Friday was an act of true courage and loyalty to psychoanalysis. I apprehend fully, of course, that what you had to say was very helpful to me as far as the Jan I was put in is concerned, but I also realize that my personal troubles are after all minor as compared with the whole structure of psychoanalysis and its future. As I watched and listened to you I was keenly aware that your emotional loyalty belonged to Bert and not to me since I know full well that you never liked me. To overcome this affective allegiance of many years standing and to follow the principle of truth and public service under the circumstances must have been and was very difficult. In these days, particularly when so many persons, peoples, professions, groups and classes are found wanting in courage and ability to make personal sacrifices, it is truly inspiring to find a few who stand up without fear.

Yours cordially,

VENICE. Album of 24 Photographs. Oblong folio, cloth. No Place or Date. (ab. 1980).

FRANCISCI (Erasmus) Nou-polirter Geschichts- Kunst und Sitten Spiegel auslaendischer Vövelker. Engraved Titlepage and a few Plates. Thick folio, boards, calf back. Nürnberg, 1670.

ALBUM of 48 Art Photographs. Oblong 4to, cloth. No Place and Date. (ab. 1910).

KLOPSTOCK (F.G.) Der Messien. Copper plates by Philippin. First Edition, except vol. I, which is Second Edition. 4 vols., Svo, contemporary boards, gilt edges. Halle, 1760, 1763, 1769, and 1773.

RUSSELL (Countess) The Enchanted April. By the Author of "Elizabeth and her German Garden." Svo, cloth. Garden City, 1925.

SCHUBERT (G.H.von) Naturgeschichte des Pflanzenreiches in Bildern. 52 colored Plates. Folio, half cloth, worn. Stuttgart, 1854.

SCHNEIDER (J.J.) Das Alte Basel. Eine Sammlung früherer Staedtischer Ansichten. 35 original Rkxix Parts, 4to, wrappers in half leather folder. Basel, no date. (Ab. 1880).

ITALY.- Photograph Album with about 70 Views. Oblong folio, leather, worn. No Place and Date. (Ab. 1875).

-2-

Petit Almanach des Dames. Fifth Year. Copper Plates. 12mo, red silk, in boards case. Paris, (1815).

La Guirlande des Dames. Second Years. Copper Plates. 12mo, boards, in boards case. Paris, (1816).

Le Galant Monastrel. Copper Plates. 16mo, boards, in boards case. Paris, 1821.

PECHT (F., Editor) Die Kunst fuer Alle. Vols. I, II, III, Pages 1-96. Bound in 2 vols., 4to, buckram. Nuenchen, 1896-97.

RUNGE (H.) Die Schweiz in Original Ansichten. Numerous Steel Engravings. 5 vols., large 8vo, cloth. Darmstadt, 1861-66.

WORMAN (K.) Geschichte der Kunst aller Zeiten und Völkern. 3 vols., 8vo, half morocco. Leipzig, 1900.

STEINMANN (E.) Rom in der Renaissance. 8vo, limp cloth. Leipzig, 1902.

ALLEGGER (J.) Anselm Feuerbach, sein Leben und seine Kunst. 8vo, half morocco. Bamberg, 1864.

STODDARD (C.W.) In the Footprints of the Padres. 8vo, half cloth, d/w. San Francisco, 1912.

GRIMM (H.) Leben Michelangelo. 2 vols., 8vo, cloth. Berlin, 1898.

-3-

RICHTER (Ludwig) Fuer's Haus: Fruehling-Sommer-Herbst und Winter.
4 folders, 4to, half cloth, worn. Dresden, no date. (ab. 1870).

SUETONIUS, The Lives of the twelve Caesars. Svo, cloth. London: Bell, 1926.

BURCKHARDT (J.) Briefe an einen Architekturen, 1870-89. Svo, cloth.
Muenchen, 1913.

BURCKHARDT (J.) Die Cultur des Renaissance in Italien. Sixth Edition.
2 vols., Svo, half morocco. Vol. II, sides slightly
damaged. Leipzig, 1898.

FLOERKE (G.) Zehn Jahre mit Boecklin. Svo, half morocco. Muenchen, 1901.

STAHR (A.) Ein Jahr in Italien. 3 vols., Svo, half leather.
Oldenburg, 1865.

LAWRENCE S. KUBIE, M. D.

7 EAST 81ST STREET
NEW YORK

BUTTERFIELD 8-5230

August 26, 1941

Dr. Gregory Zilboorg
14 East 75th Street
New York, N. Y.

Dear Gregory:

I have just received this notice
of further books to be sold from the
Cushing collection. If you want any
of them check them off on the list
and I will order them.

CABLES: NACOMREF, NEW YORK

TELEPHONE: BRYANT 9-2102

NATIONAL REFUGEE SERVICE, INC.

AN ORGANIZATION DESIGNED TO CARRY ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE NATIONAL
COORDINATING COMMITTEE FOR REFUGEES AND CERTAIN OF ITS AFFILIATES

165 WEST 46TH STREET
NEW YORK CITY

February 17, 1941

OFFICERS AND
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

JOSEPH P. CHAMBERLAIN
Chairman of the Board

WILLIAM ROSENWALD
President

WILLIAM K. FRANK

DAVID H. SULZBERGER

MORRIS WOLF
Vice-Presidents

RICHARD P. LIMBURG
Treasurer

PAUL FELIX WARBURG
Secretary

MRS. MYRON S. FALK, JR.

SAMUEL A. GOLDSMITH

I. EDWIN GOLDWASSER

HARRY GREENSTEIN

JOSEPH C. HYMAN

S. MARSHALL KEMPNER

SOLOMON LOWENSTEIN

CLARENCE E. PICKETT

ERICH M. WARBURG

ETHEL H. WISE

JONAH B. WISE

WILLIAM HABER
Executive Director

Dr. Gregory Zilborg
14 East 75th Street
New York, N.Y.

Re: Yankel Korman
1089 Fox Street
Bronx, N.Y.

Dear Dr. Zilborg:-

I am enclosing herewith a summary of the Korman situation as it is known to our organization. We are attempting to assist Mr. Korman in every way to legalize his stay in the United States. In order to do this we have to prove to the immigration authorities in Washington that Mr. Korman is neither mentally deficient nor feeble-minded.

Mr. Korman speaks a little English but finds it easier to converse either in German or Polish. I am sure you will find him most cooperative.

It is my understanding that thru our medical social worker and your secretary an appointment has been fixed for Mr. Korman for Tuesday, February 18th at 2 P.M. I have already notified Mr. Korman of this appointment and I am sure that he will be prompt in keeping it.

Thanking you for your interest and cooperation and trusting that a report will be forthcoming at the earliest possible moment, I am

ERR/L

SUMMARY

RE: KORMAN, Jankel
1089 Fox Street, Bronx

Mrs. Korman, a woman of 31, came to the United States in 1920 from Poland. In 1932 she took out her second citizenship papers. In the early part of 1933 she returned to Poland to visit her relatives. While there she met Mr. Jankel Korman and in May 1933 they were married. In the latter part of 1933 Mrs. Korman returned to the United States (shortly before the birth of a daughter). Their daughter, Pearl, was born in New York City on March 24, 1934.

Mrs. Korman made application (633) for a preference quota visa for her husband. The American Consul in Warsaw denied the visa on the basis that Mr. Korman failed in a mental test given by him and was therefore considered feeble-minded.

In 1938 Mr. Korman came to the United States illegally. His arrival made a tremendous difference in the family situation. He secured a job in a bakery at $20.00 a week and later got a raise so that his earnings made it possible for the family to manage without supplementary public assistance.

On September 30, 1939 a second child, a boy, was born in New York City. The family was able to pay part of the cost of confinement and was also able to purchase furniture and move into an apartment. Mr. Korman has been working and supporting the family adequately.

We are endeavoring to help Mr. Korman with straightening out his immigration problem. It is necessary for us, therefore, to establish to the satisfaction of the immigration authorities that Mr. Korman is neither mentally deficient nor feeble-minded.

B.Rapoport, worker
/L
1-6-41