yakdoli/chandra-27b-ocr-v1 huggingface dataset:
제18959호                               관              보                 2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
2. Each Member shall, to the extent possible and practicable, cooperate on mutually agreed
terms with other Members with whom it shares a common border with a view to coordinating
procedures at border crossings to facilitate cross-border trade. Such cooperation and coordination
may include:
    (a) alignment of working days and hours;
    (b) alignment of procedures and formalities;
    (c) development and sharing of common facilities;
    (d) joint controls;
    (e) establishment of one stop border post control.
      ARTICLE 9: MOVEMENT OF GOODS INTENDED FOR IMPORT UNDER CUSTOMS
                                               CONTROL
Each Member shall, to the extent practicable, and provided all regulatory requirements are met,
allow goods intended for import to be moved within its territory under customs control from a
customs office of entry to another customs office in its territory from where the goods would be
released or cleared.
    ARTICLE 10: FORMALITIES CONNECTED WITH IMPORTATION, EXPORTATION AND
                                               TRANSIT
1. Formalities and Documentation Requirements
1.1 With a view to minimizing the incidence and complexity of import, export, and transit
    formalities and to decreasing and simplifying import, export, and transit documentation
    requirements and taking into account the legitimate policy objectives and other factors such
    as changed circumstances, relevant new information, business practices, availability of
    techniques and technology, international best practices, and inputs from interested parties,
    each Member shall review such formalities and documentation requirements and, based on the
    results of the review, ensure, as appropriate, that such formalities and documentation
    requirements are:
    (a) adopted and/or applied with a view to a rapid release and clearance of goods, particularly
        perishable goods;
    (b) adopted and/or applied in a manner that aims at reducing the time and cost of compliance
        for traders and operators;
    (c) the least trade restrictive measure chosen where two or more alternative measures are
        reasonably available for fulfilling the policy objective or objectives in question; and
    (d) not maintained, including parts thereof, if no longer required.
1.2 The Committee shall develop procedures for the sharing by Members of relevant information
    and best practices, as appropriate.
2. Acceptance of Copies
2.1 Each Member shall, where appropriate, endeavour to accept paper or electronic copies of
    supporting documents required for import, export, or transit formalities.
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제18959호                                관             보                  2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
6. Use of Customs Brokers
6.1 Without prejudice to the important policy concerns of some Members that currently maintain
    a special role for customs brokers, from the entry into force of this Agreement Members
    shall not introduce the mandatory use of customs brokers.
6.2 Each Member shall notify the Committee and publish its measures on the use of customs
    brokers. Any subsequent modifications thereof shall be notified and published promptly.
6.3 With regard to the licensing of customs brokers, Members shall apply rules that are
    transparent and objective.
7. Common Border Procedures and Uniform Documentation Requirements
7.1 Each Member shall, subject to paragraph 7.2, apply common customs procedures and uniform
    documentation requirements for release and clearance of goods throughout its territory.
7.2 Nothing in this Article shall prevent a Member from:
    (a) differentiating its procedures and documentation requirements based on the nature and
        type of goods, or their means of transport;
    (b) differentiating its procedures and documentation requirements for goods based on risk
        management;
    (c) differentiating its procedures and documentation requirements to provide total or partial
        exemption from import duties or taxes;
    (d) applying electronic filing or processing; or
    (e) differentiating its procedures and documentation requirements in a manner consistent with
        the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures.
8. Rejected Goods
8.1 Where goods presented for import are rejected by the competent authority of a Member on
    account of their failure to meet prescribed sanitary or phytosanitary regulations or technical
    regulations, the Member shall, subject to and consistent with its laws and regulations, allow
    the importer to re-consign or to return the rejected goods to the exporter or another person
    designated by the exporter.
8.2 When such an option under paragraph 8.1 is given and the importer fails to exercise it within
    a reasonable period of time, the competent authority may take a different course of action to
    deal with such non-compliant goods.
9. Temporary Admission of Goods and Inward and Outward Processing
9.1 Temporary Admission of Goods
Each Member shall allow, as provided for in its laws and regulations, goods to be brought into
its customs territory conditionally relieved, totally or partially, from payment of import duties and
taxes if such goods are brought into its customs territory for a specific purpose, are intended for
re-exportation within a specific period, and have not undergone any change except normal
depreciation and wastage due to the use made of them.
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제18959호                               관              보                 2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
9.2 Inward and Outward Processing
    (a) Each Member shall allow, as provided for in its laws and regulations, inward and outward
         processing of goods. Goods allowed for outward processing may be re-imported with total
         or partial exemption from import duties and taxes in accordance with the Member's laws
         and regulations.
    (b) For the purposes of this Article, the term "inward processing" means the customs
         procedure under which certain goods can be brought into a Member’s customs territory
         conditionally relieved, totally or partially, from payment of import duties and taxes, or
         eligible for duty drawback, on the basis that such goods are intended for manufacturing,
         processing, or repair and subsequent exportation.
    (c) For the purposes of this Article, the term "outward processing" means the customs
         procedure under which goods which are in free circulation in a Member’s customs
         territory may be temporarily exported for manufacturing, processing, or repair abroad and
         then re-imported.
                                ARTICLE 11: FREEDOM OF TRANSIT
1. Any regulations or formalities in connection with traffic in transit imposed by a Member shall
not be:
    (a) maintained if the circumstances or objectives giving rise to their adoption no longer exist
         or if the changed circumstances or objectives can be addressed in a reasonably available
         less trade-restrictive manner;
    (b) applied in a manner that would constitute a disguised restriction on traffic in transit.
2. Traffic in transit shall not be conditioned upon collection of any fees or charges imposed in
respect of transit, except the charges for transportation or those commensurate with
administrative expenses entailed by transit or with the cost of services rendered.
3. Members shall not seek, take, or maintain any voluntary restraints or any other similar
measures on traffic in transit. This is without prejudice to existing and future national
regulations, bilateral or multilateral arrangements related to regulating transport, consistent with
WTO rules.
4. Each Member shall accord to products which will be in transit through the territory of any
other Member treatment no less favourable than that which would be accorded to such products
if they were being transported from their place of origin to their destination without going
through the territory of such other Member.
5. Members are encouraged to make available, where practicable, physically separate
infrastructure (such as lanes, berths and similar) for traffic in transit.
6. Formalities, documentation requirements, and customs controls in connection with traffic in
transit shall not be more burdensome than necessary to:
    (a) identify the goods; and
    (b) ensure fulfilment of transit requirements.
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제18959호                                          관                  보                       2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
7. Once goods have been put under a transit procedure and have been authorized to proceed
from the point of origination in a Member's territory, they will not be subject to any customs
charges nor unnecessary delays or restrictions until they conclude their transit at the point of
destination within the Member's territory.
8. Members shall not apply technical regulations and conformity assessment procedures within
the meaning of the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade to goods in transit.
9. Members shall allow and provide for advance filing and processing of transit documentation
and data prior to the arrival of goods.
10. Once traffic in transit has reached the customs office where it exits the territory of a
Member, that office shall promptly terminate the transit operation if transit requirements have
been met.
11. Where a Member requires a guarantee in the form of a surety, deposit or other appropriate
monetary or non-monetary13) instrument for traffic in transit, such guarantee shall be limited to
ensuring that requirements arising from such traffic in transit are fulfilled.
12. Once the Member has determined that its transit requirements have been satisfied, the
guarantee shall be discharged without delay.
13. Each Member shall, in a manner consistent with its laws and regulations, allow
comprehensive guarantees which include multiple transactions for same operators or renewal of
guarantees without discharge for subsequent consignments.
14. Each Member shall make publicly available the relevant information it uses to set the
guarantee, including single transaction and, where applicable, multiple transaction guarantee.
15. Each Member may require the use of customs convoys or customs escorts for traffic in
transit only in circumstances presenting high risks or when compliance with customs laws and
regulations cannot be ensured through the use of guarantees. General rules applicable to customs
convoys or customs escorts shall be published in accordance with Article 1.
16. Members shall endeavour to cooperate and coordinate with one another with a view to
enhancing freedom of transit. Such cooperation and coordination may include, but is not limited
to, an understanding on:
    (a) charges;
    (b) formalities and legal requirements; and
    (c) the practical operation of transit regimes.
17. Each Member shall endeavour to appoint a national transit coordinator to which all enquiries
and proposals by other Members relating to the good functioning of transit operations can be
addressed.
13) Nothing in this provision shall preclude a Member from maintaining existing procedures whereby the means of transport can be
used as a guarantee for traffic in transit.
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제18959호                                            관                  보                        2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
                              ARTICLE 12: CUSTOMS COOPERATION
1. Measures Promoting Compliance and Cooperation
1.1 Members agree on the importance of ensuring that traders are aware of their compliance
    obligations, encouraging voluntary compliance to allow importers to self-correct without
    penalty in appropriate circumstances, and applying compliance measures to initiate stronger
    measures for non-compliant traders.14)
1.2 Members are encouraged to share information on best practices in managing customs
    compliance, including through the Committee. Members are encouraged to cooperate in
    technical guidance or assistance and support for capacity building for the purposes of
    administering compliance measures and enhancing their effectiveness.
2. Exchange of Information
2.1 Upon request and subject to the provisions of this Article, Members shall exchange the
    information set out in subparagraphs 6.1(b) and/or (c) for the purpose of verifying an import
    or export declaration in identified cases where there are reasonable grounds to doubt the truth
    or accuracy of the declaration.
2.2 Each Member shall notify the Committee of the details of its contact point for the exchange
    of this information.
3. Verification
A Member shall make a request for information only after it has conducted appropriate
verification procedures of an import or export declaration and after it has inspected the available
relevant documentation.
4. Request
4.1 The requesting Member shall provide the requested Member with a written request, through
    paper or electronic means in a mutually agreed official language of the WTO or other
    mutually agreed language, including:
    (a) the matter at issue including, where appropriate and available, the number identifying the
         export declaration corresponding to the import declaration in question;
    (b) the purpose for which the requesting Member is seeking the information or documents,
         along with the names and contact details of the persons to whom the request relates, if
         known;
    (c) where required by the requested Member, confirmation15)of the verification where
         appropriate;
    (d) the specific information or documents requested;
14) Such activity has the overall objective of lowering the frequency of non-compliance, and consequently reducing the need for
exchange of information in pursuit of enforcement.
15) This may include pertinent information on the verification conducted under paragraph 3. Such information shall be subject to the
level of protection and confidentiality specified by the Member conducting the verification.
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제18959호                                관              보                   2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
    (e) the identity of the originating office making the request;
    (f) reference to provisions of the requesting Member's domestic law and legal system that
        govern the collection, protection, use, disclosure, retention, and disposal of confidential
        information and personal data.
4.2 If the requesting Member is not in a position to comply with any of the subparagraphs of
    paragraph 4.1, it shall specify this in the request.
5. Protection and Confidentiality
5.1 The requesting Member shall, subject to paragraph 5.2:
    (a) hold all information or documents provided by the requested Member strictly in confidence
        and grant at least the same level of such protection and confidentiality as that provided
        under the domestic law and legal system of the requested Member as described by it
        under subparagraphs 6.1(b) or (c);
    (b) provide information or documents only to the customs authorities dealing with the matter
        at issue and use the information or documents solely for the purpose stated in the request
        unless the requested Member agrees otherwise in writing;
    (c) not disclose the information or documents without the specific written permission of the
        requested Member;
    (d) not use any unverified information or documents from the requested Member as the
        deciding factor towards alleviating the doubt in any given circumstance;
    (e) respect any case-specific conditions set out by the requested Member regarding retention
        and disposal of confidential information or documents and personal data; and
    (f) upon request, inform the requested Member of any decisions and actions taken on the
        matter as a result of the information or documents provided.
5.2 A requesting Member may be unable under its domestic law and legal system to comply
    with any of the subparagraphs of paragraph 5.1. If so, the requesting Member shall specify
    this in the request.
5.3 The requested Member shall treat any request and verification information received under
    paragraph 4 with at least the same level of protection and confidentiality accorded by the
    requested Member to its own similar information.
6. Provision of Information
6.1 Subject to the provisions of this Article, the requested Member shall promptly:
    (a) respond in writing, through paper or electronic means;
    (b) provide the specific information as set out in the import or export declaration, or the
        declaration, to the extent it is available, along with a description of the level of protection
        and confidentiality required of the requesting Member;
    (c) if requested, provide the specific information as set out in the following documents, or the
        documents, submitted in support of the import or export declaration, to the extent it is
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제18959호                                 관              보                  2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
        available: commercial invoice, packing list, certificate of origin and bill of lading, in the
        form in which these were filed, whether paper or electronic, along with a description of
        the level of protection and confidentiality required of the requesting Member;
    (d) confirm that the documents provided are true copies;
    (e) provide the information or otherwise respond to the request, to the extent possible, within
        90 days from the date of the request.
6.2 The requested Member may require, under its domestic law and legal system, an assurance
    prior to the provision of information that the specific information will not be used as evidence
    in criminal investigations, judicial proceedings, or in non-customs proceedings without the
    specific written permission of the requested Member. If the requesting Member is not in a
    position to comply with this requirement, it should specify this to the requested Member.
7. Postponement or Refusal of a Request
7.1 A requested Member may postpone or refuse part or all of a request to provide information,
    and shall inform the requesting Member of the reasons for doing so, where:
    (a) it would be contrary to the public interest as reflected in the domestic law and legal
        system of the requested Member;
    (b) its domestic law and legal system prevents the release of the information. In such a case
        it shall provide the requesting Member with a copy of the relevant, specific reference;
    (c) the provision of the information would impede law enforcement or otherwise interfere with
        an on-going administrative or judicial investigation, prosecution or proceeding;
    (d) the consent of the importer or exporter is required by its domestic law and legal system
        that govern the collection, protection, use, disclosure, retention, and disposal of confidential
        information or personal data and that consent is not given; or
    (e) the request for information is received after the expiration of the legal requirement of the
        requested Member for the retention of documents.
7.2 In the circumstances of paragraphs 4.2, 5.2, or 6.2, execution of such a request shall be at the
    discretion of the requested Member.
8. Reciprocity
If the requesting Member is of the opinion that it would be unable to comply with a similar
request if it was made by the requested Member, or if it has not yet implemented this Article, it
shall state that fact in its request. Execution of such a request shall be at the discretion of the
requested Member.
9. Administrative Burden
9.1 The requesting Member shall take into account the associated resource and cost implications
    for the requested Member in responding to requests for information. The requesting Member
    shall consider the proportionality between its fiscal interest in pursuing its request and the
    efforts to be made by the requested Member in providing the information.
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제18959호                               관              보                 2017. 3. 2.(목요일)
9.2 If a requested Member receives an unmanageable number of requests for information or a
    request for information of unmanageable scope from one or more requesting Member(s) and
    is unable to meet such requests within a reasonable time, it may request one or more of the
    requesting Member(s) to prioritize with a view to agreeing on a practical limit within its
    resource constraints. In the absence of a mutually-agreed approach, the execution of such
    requests shall be at the discretion of the requested Member based on the results of its own
    prioritization.
10. Limitations
A requested Member shall not be required to:
    (a) modify the format of its import or export declarations or procedures;
    (b) call for documents other than those submitted with the import or export declaration as
        specified in subparagraph 6.1(c);
    (c) initiate enquiries to obtain the information;
    (d) modify the period of retention of such information;
    (e) introduce paper documentation where electronic format has already been introduced;
    (f) translate the information;
    (g) verify the accuracy of the information; or
    (h) provide information that would prejudice the legitimate commercial interests of particular
        enterprises, public or private.
11. Unauthorized Use or Disclosure
11.1In the event of any breach of the conditions of use or disclosure of information exchanged
    under this Article, the requesting Member that received the information shall promptly
    communicate the details of such unauthorized use or disclosure to the requested Member that
    provided the information and:
    (a) take necessary measures to remedy the breach;
    (b) take necessary measures to prevent any future breach; and
    (c) notify the requested Member of the measures taken under subparagraphs (a) and (b).
11.2The requested Member may suspend its obligations to the requesting Member under this
    Article until the measures set out in paragraph 11.1 have been taken.
12. Bilateral and Regional Agreements
12.1Nothing in this Article shall prevent a Member from entering into or maintaining a bilateral,
    plurilateral, or regional agreement for sharing or exchange of customs information and data,
    including on a secure and rapid basis such as on an automatic basis or in advance of the
    arrival of the consignment.
12.2Nothing in this Article shall be construed as altering or affecting a Member’s rights or
    obligations under such bilateral, plurilateral, or regional agreements, or as governing the
    exchange of customs information and data under such other agreements.
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