#define NULL ((void *)0)
typedef unsigned long size_t; // Customize by platform.
typedef long intptr_t;
typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
typedef long scalar_t__; // Either arithmetic or pointer type.
/* By default, we understand bool (as a convenience). */
typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* Forward declarations */
typedef struct TYPE_2__ TYPE_1__;

/* Type definitions */
struct TYPE_2__ {
  int /*<<< orphan*/ s_addr;
};
struct sockaddr_in {
  int /*<<< orphan*/ sin_port;
  TYPE_1__ sin_addr;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ sin_family;
};
struct hostent {
  int /*<<< orphan*/ h_length;
  scalar_t__ h_addr;
};
typedef int /*<<< orphan*/ serv_addr;

/* Variables and functions */
int /*<<< orphan*/ AF_INET;
int /*<<< orphan*/ SOCK_STREAM;
int atoi(char *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ bcopy(char *, char *, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int /*<<< orphan*/ bzero(char *, int);
scalar_t__ connect(int, struct sockaddr_in *, int);
int /*<<< orphan*/ exit(int);
int /*<<< orphan*/ fprintf(int /*<<< orphan*/, char *, ...);
struct hostent *gethostbyname(char *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ htons(int);
int /*<<< orphan*/ perror(char *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ printf(char *, char *);
int read(int, char *, int);
int socket(int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int /*<<< orphan*/ stderr;
int /*<<< orphan*/ strcpy(char *, char *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ strlen(char *);
int write(int, char *, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  int sockfd, portno, n;
  struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
  struct hostent *server;
  char buffer[256];
  if (argc < 4) {
    fprintf(stderr, "usage %s hostname port message\n", argv[0]);
    exit(-1);
  }
  portno = atoi(argv[2]);
  sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
  if (sockfd < 0) {
    perror("ERROR opening socket");
    exit(-1);
  }
  server = gethostbyname(argv[1]);
  if (server == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "ERROR, no such host\n");
    exit(-1);
  }
  bzero((char *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr));
  serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
  bcopy((char *)server->h_addr, (char *)&serv_addr.sin_addr.s_addr,
        server->h_length);
  serv_addr.sin_port = htons(portno);
  if (connect(sockfd, &serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
    perror("ERROR connecting");
    exit(-1);
  }
  strcpy(buffer, argv[3]);
  n = write(sockfd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
  if (n < 0) {
    perror("ERROR writing to socket");
    exit(-1);
  }
  bzero(buffer, 256);
  n = read(sockfd, buffer, 255);
  if (n < 0) {
    perror("ERROR reading from socket");
    exit(-1);
  }
  printf("%s\n", buffer);
  return 0;
}


x86 assembly (clang, -O0):
<main>:
push   %rbp
mov    %rsp,%rbp
sub    $0x140,%rsp
movl   $0x0,-0x4(%rbp)
mov    %edi,-0x8(%rbp)
mov    %rsi,-0x10(%rbp)
cmpl   $0x4,-0x8(%rbp)
jge    123b <main+0x4b>
mov    0x2dbe(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
mov    (%rax),%rdx
lea    0xdd6(%rip),%rsi
mov    $0x0,%al
call   10a0 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x10(%rax),%rdi
call   10e0 <atoi@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x18(%rbp)
mov    0x2d96(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
mov    0x2d75(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%esi
xor    %edx,%edx
call   1110 <socket@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x14(%rbp)
cmpl   $0x0,-0x14(%rbp)
jge    1287 <main+0x97>
lea    0xda8(%rip),%rdi
call   10c0 <perror@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x8(%rax),%rdi
call   1090 <gethostbyname@plt>
mov    %rax,-0x30(%rbp)
cmpq   $0x0,-0x30(%rbp)
jne    12c4 <main+0xd4>
mov    0x2d2e(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
lea    0xd82(%rip),%rsi
mov    $0x0,%al
call   10a0 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
lea    -0x28(%rbp),%rdi
mov    $0xc,%esi
call   10d0 <bzero@plt>
mov    0x2d0f(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x20(%rbp)
mov    -0x30(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x8(%rax),%rdi
lea    -0x28(%rbp),%rsi
add    $0x4,%rsi
mov    -0x30(%rbp),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edx
call   10b0 <bcopy@plt>
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%edi
call   1060 <htons@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x28(%rbp)
mov    -0x14(%rbp),%edi
lea    -0x28(%rbp),%rsi
mov    $0xc,%edx
call   1100 <connect@plt>
cmp    $0x0,%rax
jge    1335 <main+0x145>
lea    0xd24(%rip),%rdi
call   10c0 <perror@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
lea    -0x130(%rbp),%rdi
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x18(%rax),%rsi
call   1030 <strcpy@plt>
mov    -0x14(%rbp),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x13c(%rbp)
lea    -0x130(%rbp),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x138(%rbp)
lea    -0x130(%rbp),%rdi
call   1050 <strlen@plt>
mov    -0x13c(%rbp),%edi
mov    -0x138(%rbp),%rsi
mov    %eax,%edx
call   1040 <write@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x1c(%rbp)
cmpl   $0x0,-0x1c(%rbp)
jge    13a3 <main+0x1b3>
lea    0xcc7(%rip),%rdi
call   10c0 <perror@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
lea    -0x130(%rbp),%rdi
mov    $0x100,%esi
call   10d0 <bzero@plt>
mov    -0x14(%rbp),%edi
lea    -0x130(%rbp),%rsi
mov    $0xff,%edx
call   1080 <read@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x1c(%rbp)
cmpl   $0x0,-0x1c(%rbp)
jge    13eb <main+0x1fb>
lea    0xc97(%rip),%rdi
call   10c0 <perror@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
lea    -0x130(%rbp),%rsi
lea    0xc94(%rip),%rdi
call   1070 <printf@plt>
xor    %eax,%eax
add    $0x140,%rsp
pop    %rbp
ret

x86 assembly (clang, -O2):
<main>:
push   %rbp
push   %r15
push   %r14
push   %r13
push   %r12
push   %rbx
sub    $0x118,%rsp
mov    %rsi,%r14
cmp    $0x3,%edi
jle    131a <main+0x12a>
mov    0x10(%r14),%rdi
call   10e0 <atoi@plt>
mov    %eax,%r15d
mov    0x2dc8(%rip),%r13
mov    0x0(%r13),%edi
mov    0x2da5(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%esi
xor    %edx,%edx
call   1110 <socket@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
js     133e <main+0x14e>
mov    %eax,%ebx
mov    0x8(%r14),%rdi
call   1090 <gethostbyname@plt>
test   %rax,%rax
je     1347 <main+0x157>
mov    %rax,%rbp
mov    %rsp,%r12
mov    %r12,%rdi
mov    $0xc,%esi
call   10d0 <bzero@plt>
mov    0x0(%r13),%eax
mov    %eax,0x8(%rsp)
mov    0x8(%rbp),%rsi
lea    0x4(%rsp),%rdi
mov    0x0(%rbp),%edx
call   10b0 <memmove@plt>
mov    %r15d,%edi
call   1060 <htons@plt>
mov    %eax,(%rsp)
mov    %ebx,%edi
mov    %r12,%rsi
mov    $0xc,%edx
call   1100 <connect@plt>
test   %rax,%rax
js     1368 <main+0x178>
mov    0x18(%r14),%rsi
lea    0x10(%rsp),%rbp
mov    %rbp,%rdi
call   1030 <strcpy@plt>
mov    %rbp,%rdi
call   1050 <strlen@plt>
mov    %ebx,%edi
mov    %rbp,%rsi
mov    %eax,%edx
call   1040 <write@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
js     1371 <main+0x181>
lea    0x10(%rsp),%rbp
mov    %rbp,%rdi
mov    $0x100,%esi
call   10d0 <bzero@plt>
mov    %ebx,%edi
mov    %rbp,%rsi
mov    $0xff,%edx
call   1080 <read@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
js     137a <main+0x18a>
lea    0xd91(%rip),%rdi
lea    0x10(%rsp),%rsi
call   1070 <printf@plt>
xor    %eax,%eax
add    $0x118,%rsp
pop    %rbx
pop    %r12
pop    %r13
pop    %r14
pop    %r15
pop    %rbp
ret
mov    0x2cb7(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
mov    (%r14),%rdx
lea    0xcd3(%rip),%rsi
xor    %eax,%eax
call   10a0 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
lea    0xcdb(%rip),%rdi
jmp    1381 <main+0x191>
mov    0x2c8a(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
lea    0xcde(%rip),%rsi
xor    %eax,%eax
call   10a0 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>
lea    0xcdb(%rip),%rdi
jmp    1381 <main+0x191>
lea    0xce3(%rip),%rdi
jmp    1381 <main+0x191>
lea    0xcf2(%rip),%rdi
call   10c0 <perror@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%edi
call   10f0 <exit@plt>

LLVM IR (-O0):
%struct.sockaddr_in = type { i32, %struct.TYPE_2__, i32 }
%struct.TYPE_2__ = type { i32 }
%struct.hostent = type { i32, i64 }
@stderr = global i32 0
@.str = [32 x i8] c"usage %s hostname port message\0A\00"
@AF_INET = global i32 0
@SOCK_STREAM = global i32 0
@.str.1 = [21 x i8] c"ERROR opening socket\00"
@.str.2 = [21 x i8] c"ERROR, no such host\0A\00"
@.str.3 = [17 x i8] c"ERROR connecting\00"
@.str.4 = [24 x i8] c"ERROR writing to socket\00"
@.str.5 = [26 x i8] c"ERROR reading from socket\00"
@.str.6 = [4 x i8] c"%s\0A\00"
define i32 @main(i32 %0, i8** %1) {
%3 = alloca i32
%4 = alloca i32
%5 = alloca i8**
%6 = alloca i32
%7 = alloca i32
%8 = alloca i32
%9 = alloca %struct.sockaddr_in
%10 = alloca %struct.hostent*
%11 = alloca [256 x i8]
store i32 0, i32* %3
store i32 %0, i32* %4
store i8** %1, i8*** %5
%12 = load i32, i32* %4
%13 = icmp slt i32 %12, 4
br i1 %13, label %14, label %21
14: ; preds = %2
%15 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%16 = load i8**, i8*** %5
%17 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %16, i64 0
%18 = load i8*, i8** %17
%19 = call i32 (i32, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %15, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([32 x i8], [32 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %18)
%20 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
21: ; preds = %2
%22 = load i8**, i8*** %5
%23 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %22, i64 2
%24 = load i8*, i8** %23
%25 = call i32 @atoi(i8* %24)
store i32 %25, i32* %7
%26 = load i32, i32* @AF_INET
%27 = load i32, i32* @SOCK_STREAM
%28 = call i32 @socket(i32 %26, i32 %27, i32 0)
store i32 %28, i32* %6
%29 = load i32, i32* %6
%30 = icmp slt i32 %29, 0
br i1 %30, label %31, label %34
31: ; preds = %21
%32 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([21 x i8], [21 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0))
%33 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
34: ; preds = %21
%35 = load i8**, i8*** %5
%36 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %35, i64 1
%37 = load i8*, i8** %36
%38 = call %struct.hostent* @gethostbyname(i8* %37)
store %struct.hostent* %38, %struct.hostent** %10
%39 = load %struct.hostent*, %struct.hostent** %10
%40 = icmp eq %struct.hostent* %39, null
br i1 %40, label %41, label %45
41: ; preds = %34
%42 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%43 = call i32 (i32, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %42, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([21 x i8], [21 x i8]* @.str.2, i64 0, i64 0))
%44 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
45: ; preds = %34
%46 = bitcast %struct.sockaddr_in* %9 to i8*
%47 = call i32 @bzero(i8* %46, i32 12)
%48 = load i32, i32* @AF_INET
%49 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.sockaddr_in, %struct.sockaddr_in* %9, i32 0, i32 2
store i32 %48, i32* %49
%50 = load %struct.hostent*, %struct.hostent** %10
%51 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.hostent, %struct.hostent* %50, i32 0, i32 1
%52 = load i64, i64* %51
%53 = inttoptr i64 %52 to i8*
%54 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.sockaddr_in, %struct.sockaddr_in* %9, i32 0, i32 1
%55 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.TYPE_2__, %struct.TYPE_2__* %54, i32 0, i32 0
%56 = bitcast i32* %55 to i8*
%57 = load %struct.hostent*, %struct.hostent** %10
%58 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.hostent, %struct.hostent* %57, i32 0, i32 0
%59 = load i32, i32* %58
%60 = call i32 @bcopy(i8* %53, i8* %56, i32 %59)
%61 = load i32, i32* %7
%62 = call i32 @htons(i32 %61)
%63 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.sockaddr_in, %struct.sockaddr_in* %9, i32 0, i32 0
store i32 %62, i32* %63
%64 = load i32, i32* %6
%65 = call i64 @connect(i32 %64, %struct.sockaddr_in* %9, i32 12)
%66 = icmp slt i64 %65, 0
br i1 %66, label %67, label %70
67: ; preds = %45
%68 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @.str.3, i64 0, i64 0))
%69 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
70: ; preds = %45
%71 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %11, i64 0, i64 0
%72 = load i8**, i8*** %5
%73 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %72, i64 3
%74 = load i8*, i8** %73
%75 = call i32 @strcpy(i8* %71, i8* %74)
%76 = load i32, i32* %6
%77 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %11, i64 0, i64 0
%78 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %11, i64 0, i64 0
%79 = call i32 @strlen(i8* %78)
%80 = call i32 @write(i32 %76, i8* %77, i32 %79)
store i32 %80, i32* %8
%81 = load i32, i32* %8
%82 = icmp slt i32 %81, 0
br i1 %82, label %83, label %86
83: ; preds = %70
%84 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([24 x i8], [24 x i8]* @.str.4, i64 0, i64 0))
%85 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
86: ; preds = %70
%87 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %11, i64 0, i64 0
%88 = call i32 @bzero(i8* %87, i32 256)
%89 = load i32, i32* %6
%90 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %11, i64 0, i64 0
%91 = call i32 @read(i32 %89, i8* %90, i32 255)
store i32 %91, i32* %8
%92 = load i32, i32* %8
%93 = icmp slt i32 %92, 0
br i1 %93, label %94, label %97
94: ; preds = %86
%95 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([26 x i8], [26 x i8]* @.str.5, i64 0, i64 0))
%96 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
97: ; preds = %86
%98 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %11, i64 0, i64 0
%99 = call i32 @printf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i8], [4 x i8]* @.str.6, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %98)
ret i32 0
}

LLVM IR (-O2):
%struct.sockaddr_in = type { i32, %struct.TYPE_2__, i32 }
%struct.TYPE_2__ = type { i32 }
%struct.hostent = type { i32, i64 }
@stderr = global i32 0
@.str = [32 x i8] c"usage %s hostname port message\0A\00"
@AF_INET = global i32 0
@SOCK_STREAM = global i32 0
@.str.1 = [21 x i8] c"ERROR opening socket\00"
@.str.2 = [21 x i8] c"ERROR, no such host\0A\00"
@.str.3 = [17 x i8] c"ERROR connecting\00"
@.str.4 = [24 x i8] c"ERROR writing to socket\00"
@.str.5 = [26 x i8] c"ERROR reading from socket\00"
@.str.6 = [4 x i8] c"%s\0A\00"
define i32 @main(i32 %0, i8** nocapture %1) {
%3 = alloca %struct.sockaddr_in
%4 = alloca [256 x i8]
%5 = bitcast %struct.sockaddr_in* %3 to i8*
%6 = getelementptr inbounds [256 x i8], [256 x i8]* %4, i64 0, i64 0
%7 = icmp slt i32 %0, 4
br i1 %7, label %8, label %13
8: ; preds = %2
%9 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%10 = load i8*, i8** %1
%11 = tail call i32 (i32, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %9, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([32 x i8], [32 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %10)
%12 = tail call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
13: ; preds = %2
%14 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %1, i64 2
%15 = load i8*, i8** %14
%16 = tail call i32 @atoi(i8* %15)
%17 = load i32, i32* @AF_INET
%18 = load i32, i32* @SOCK_STREAM
%19 = tail call i32 @socket(i32 %17, i32 %18, i32 0)
%20 = icmp slt i32 %19, 0
br i1 %20, label %21, label %24
21: ; preds = %13
%22 = tail call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([21 x i8], [21 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0))
%23 = tail call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
24: ; preds = %13
%25 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %1, i64 1
%26 = load i8*, i8** %25
%27 = tail call %struct.hostent* @gethostbyname(i8* %26)
%28 = icmp eq %struct.hostent* %27, null
br i1 %28, label %29, label %33
29: ; preds = %24
%30 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%31 = tail call i32 (i32, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %30, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([21 x i8], [21 x i8]* @.str.2, i64 0, i64 0))
%32 = tail call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
33: ; preds = %24
%34 = call i32 @bzero(i8* %5, i32 12)
%35 = load i32, i32* @AF_INET
%36 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.sockaddr_in, %struct.sockaddr_in* %3, i64 0, i32 2
store i32 %35, i32* %36
%37 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.hostent, %struct.hostent* %27, i64 0, i32 1
%38 = load i64, i64* %37
%39 = inttoptr i64 %38 to i8*
%40 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.sockaddr_in, %struct.sockaddr_in* %3, i64 0, i32 1, i32 0
%41 = bitcast i32* %40 to i8*
%42 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.hostent, %struct.hostent* %27, i64 0, i32 0
%43 = load i32, i32* %42
%44 = tail call i32 @htons(i32 %16)
%45 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.sockaddr_in, %struct.sockaddr_in* %3, i64 0, i32 0
store i32 %44, i32* %45
%46 = call i64 @connect(i32 %19, %struct.sockaddr_in* %3, i32 12)
%47 = icmp slt i64 %46, 0
br i1 %47, label %48, label %51
48: ; preds = %33
%49 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([17 x i8], [17 x i8]* @.str.3, i64 0, i64 0))
%50 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
51: ; preds = %33
%52 = getelementptr inbounds i8*, i8** %1, i64 3
%53 = load i8*, i8** %52
%54 = call i32 @strcpy(i8* %6, i8* %53)
%55 = call i32 @strlen(i8* %6)
%56 = call i32 @write(i32 %19, i8* %6, i32 %55)
%57 = icmp slt i32 %56, 0
br i1 %57, label %58, label %61
58: ; preds = %51
%59 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([24 x i8], [24 x i8]* @.str.4, i64 0, i64 0))
%60 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
61: ; preds = %51
%62 = call i32 @bzero(i8* %6, i32 256)
%63 = call i32 @read(i32 %19, i8* %6, i32 255)
%64 = icmp slt i32 %63, 0
br i1 %64, label %65, label %68
65: ; preds = %61
%66 = call i32 @perror(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([26 x i8], [26 x i8]* @.str.5, i64 0, i64 0))
%67 = call i32 @exit(i32 -1)
unreachable
68: ; preds = %61
%69 = call i32 @printf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i8], [4 x i8]* @.str.6, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %6)
ret i32 0
}