#define NULL ((void *)0)
typedef unsigned long size_t; // Customize by platform.
typedef long intptr_t;
typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
typedef long scalar_t__; // Either arithmetic or pointer type.
/* By default, we understand bool (as a convenience). */
typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* Forward declarations */

/* Type definitions */
typedef int /*<<< orphan*/ FILE;

/* Variables and functions */
int /*<<< orphan*/ SEEK_END;
int /*<<< orphan*/ fclose(int /*<<< orphan*/ *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ *fopen(char *, char *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ fread(char *, int, long, int /*<<< orphan*/ *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ fseek(int /*<<< orphan*/ *, int /*<<< orphan*/,
                         int /*<<< orphan*/);
long ftell(int /*<<< orphan*/ *);
char *malloc(long);
int /*<<< orphan*/ memset(char *, int /*<<< orphan*/, long);
int /*<<< orphan*/ rewind(int /*<<< orphan*/ *);
char *read_all(char *filename) {
  char *str = NULL;
  long length = 0;
  FILE *f = fopen(filename, "rb");
  if (!f) {
    return NULL;
  }
  fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
  length = ftell(f);
  rewind(f);
  str = malloc(length + 1);
  memset(str, 0, length + 1);
  fread(str, sizeof(char), length, f);
  fclose(f);
  return str;
}


x86 assembly (clang, -O0):
<read_all>:
push   %rbp
mov    %rsp,%rbp
sub    $0x30,%rsp
mov    %rdi,-0x10(%rbp)
movq   $0x0,-0x18(%rbp)
movq   $0x0,-0x20(%rbp)
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rdi
lea    0xe59(%rip),%rsi
call   10a0 <fopen@plt>
mov    %rax,-0x28(%rbp)
cmpq   $0x0,-0x28(%rbp)
jne    11c8 <read_all+0x48>
movq   $0x0,-0x8(%rbp)
jmp    123d <read_all+0xbd>
mov    -0x28(%rbp),%rdi
mov    0x2e15(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edx
xor    %esi,%esi
call   1090 <fseek@plt>
mov    -0x28(%rbp),%rdi
call   1070 <ftell@plt>
mov    %rax,-0x20(%rbp)
mov    -0x28(%rbp),%rdi
call   1050 <rewind@plt>
mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rdi
add    $0x1,%rdi
call   1080 <malloc@plt>
mov    %rax,-0x18(%rbp)
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rdi
mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rdx
add    $0x1,%rdx
xor    %esi,%esi
call   1060 <memset@plt>
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rdi
mov    -0x20(%rbp),%rdx
mov    -0x28(%rbp),%rcx
mov    $0x1,%esi
call   1030 <fread@plt>
mov    -0x28(%rbp),%rdi
call   1040 <fclose@plt>
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x8(%rbp)
mov    -0x8(%rbp),%rax
add    $0x30,%rsp
pop    %rbp
ret

x86 assembly (clang, -O2):
<read_all>:
push   %r15
push   %r14
push   %r12
push   %rbx
push   %rax
lea    0xe71(%rip),%rsi
call   10a0 <fopen@plt>
test   %rax,%rax
je     11fb <read_all+0x7b>
mov    %rax,%rbx
mov    0x2e45(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edx
mov    %rbx,%rdi
xor    %esi,%esi
call   1090 <fseek@plt>
mov    %rbx,%rdi
call   1070 <ftell@plt>
mov    %rax,%r15
mov    %rbx,%rdi
call   1050 <rewind@plt>
lea    0x1(%r15),%r12
mov    %r12,%rdi
call   1080 <malloc@plt>
mov    %rax,%r14
mov    %rax,%rdi
xor    %esi,%esi
mov    %r12,%rdx
call   1060 <memset@plt>
mov    %r14,%rdi
mov    $0x1,%esi
mov    %r15,%rdx
mov    %rbx,%rcx
call   1030 <fread@plt>
mov    %rbx,%rdi
call   1040 <fclose@plt>
jmp    11fe <read_all+0x7e>
xor    %r14d,%r14d
mov    %r14,%rax
add    $0x8,%rsp
pop    %rbx
pop    %r12
pop    %r14
pop    %r15
ret

LLVM IR (-O0):
@.str = [3 x i8] c"rb\00"
@SEEK_END = global i32 0
define i8* @read_all(i8* %0) {
%2 = alloca i8*
%3 = alloca i8*
%4 = alloca i8*
%5 = alloca i64
%6 = alloca i32*
store i8* %0, i8** %3
store i8* null, i8** %4
store i64 0, i64* %5
%7 = load i8*, i8** %3
%8 = call i32* @fopen(i8* %7, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0))
store i32* %8, i32** %6
%9 = load i32*, i32** %6
%10 = icmp ne i32* %9, null
br i1 %10, label %12, label %11
11: ; preds = %1
store i8* null, i8** %2
br label %34
12: ; preds = %1
%13 = load i32*, i32** %6
%14 = load i32, i32* @SEEK_END
%15 = call i32 @fseek(i32* %13, i32 0, i32 %14)
%16 = load i32*, i32** %6
%17 = call i64 @ftell(i32* %16)
store i64 %17, i64* %5
%18 = load i32*, i32** %6
%19 = call i32 @rewind(i32* %18)
%20 = load i64, i64* %5
%21 = add nsw i64 %20, 1
%22 = call i8* @malloc(i64 %21)
store i8* %22, i8** %4
%23 = load i8*, i8** %4
%24 = load i64, i64* %5
%25 = add nsw i64 %24, 1
%26 = call i32 @memset(i8* %23, i32 0, i64 %25)
%27 = load i8*, i8** %4
%28 = load i64, i64* %5
%29 = load i32*, i32** %6
%30 = call i32 @fread(i8* %27, i32 1, i64 %28, i32* %29)
%31 = load i32*, i32** %6
%32 = call i32 @fclose(i32* %31)
%33 = load i8*, i8** %4
store i8* %33, i8** %2
br label %34
34: ; preds = %12, %11
%35 = load i8*, i8** %2
ret i8* %35
}

LLVM IR (-O2):
@.str = [3 x i8] c"rb\00"
@SEEK_END = global i32 0
define i8* @read_all(i8* nocapture %0) {
%2 = tail call i32* @fopen(i8* %0, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0))
%3 = icmp eq i32* %2, null
br i1 %3, label %14, label %4
4: ; preds = %1
%5 = load i32, i32* @SEEK_END
%6 = tail call i32 @fseek(i32* %2, i32 0, i32 %5)
%7 = tail call i64 @ftell(i32* %2)
%8 = tail call i32 @rewind(i32* %2)
%9 = add nsw i64 %7, 1
%10 = tail call i8* @malloc(i64 %9)
%11 = tail call i32 @memset(i8* %10, i32 0, i64 %9)
%12 = tail call i32 @fread(i8* %10, i32 1, i64 %7, i32* %2)
%13 = tail call i32 @fclose(i32* %2)
br label %14
14: ; preds = %1, %4
%15 = phi i8* [ %10, %4 ], [ null, %1 ]
ret i8* %15
}