#define NULL ((void *)0)
typedef unsigned long size_t; // Customize by platform.
typedef long intptr_t;
typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
typedef long scalar_t__; // Either arithmetic or pointer type.
/* By default, we understand bool (as a convenience). */
typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* Forward declarations */

/* Type definitions */

/* Variables and functions */
int power(int);
int /*<<< orphan*/ printf(char *, int);
int /*<<< orphan*/ scanf(char *, int *);
int main() {
  int i, j, t, n;
  scanf("%d", &t);
  while (t--) {
    scanf("%d", &n);
    printf("%d\n", power(n) - 1);
  }
  return 0;
}


x86 assembly (clang, -O0):
<main>:
push   %rbp
mov    %rsp,%rbp
sub    $0x20,%rsp
movl   $0x0,-0x4(%rbp)
lea    0xeba(%rip),%rdi
lea    -0x10(%rbp),%rsi
call   1050 <scanf@plt>
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%eax
mov    %eax,%ecx
add    $0xffffffff,%ecx
mov    %ecx,-0x10(%rbp)
cmp    $0x0,%eax
je     1191 <main+0x61>
lea    0xe96(%rip),%rdi
lea    -0x14(%rbp),%rsi
call   1050 <scanf@plt>
mov    -0x14(%rbp),%edi
call   1030 <power@plt>
mov    %eax,%esi
sub    $0x1,%esi
lea    0xe7c(%rip),%rdi
call   1040 <printf@plt>
jmp    114f <main+0x1f>
xor    %eax,%eax
add    $0x20,%rsp
pop    %rbp
ret

x86 assembly (clang, -O2):
<main>:
push   %r15
push   %r14
push   %rbx
sub    $0x10,%rsp
lea    0xec0(%rip),%rdi
lea    0x8(%rsp),%rsi
call   1050 <scanf@plt>
subl   $0x1,0x8(%rsp)
jb     1196 <main+0x66>
lea    0xea8(%rip),%r14
lea    0xc(%rsp),%r15
lea    0xe9f(%rip),%rbx
cs nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
xchg   %ax,%ax
mov    %r14,%rdi
mov    %r15,%rsi
call   1050 <scanf@plt>
mov    0xc(%rsp),%edi
call   1030 <power@plt>
lea    -0x1(%rax),%esi
mov    %rbx,%rdi
call   1040 <printf@plt>
subl   $0x1,0x8(%rsp)
jae    1170 <main+0x40>
xor    %eax,%eax
add    $0x10,%rsp
pop    %rbx
pop    %r14
pop    %r15
ret

LLVM IR (-O0):
@.str = [3 x i8] c"%d\00"
@.str.1 = [4 x i8] c"%d\0A\00"
define i32 @main() {
%1 = alloca i32
%2 = alloca i32
%3 = alloca i32
%4 = alloca i32
%5 = alloca i32
store i32 0, i32* %1
%6 = call i32 @scanf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i32* %4)
br label %7
7: ; preds = %11, %0
%8 = load i32, i32* %4
%9 = add nsw i32 %8, -1
store i32 %9, i32* %4
%10 = icmp ne i32 %8, 0
br i1 %10, label %11, label %17
11: ; preds = %7
%12 = call i32 @scanf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i32* %5)
%13 = load i32, i32* %5
%14 = call i32 @power(i32 %13)
%15 = sub nsw i32 %14, 1
%16 = call i32 @printf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i8], [4 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0), i32 %15)
br label %7
17: ; preds = %7
ret i32 0
}

LLVM IR (-O2):
@.str = [3 x i8] c"%d\00"
@.str.1 = [4 x i8] c"%d\0A\00"
define i32 @main() {
%1 = alloca i32
%2 = alloca i32
%3 = bitcast i32* %1 to i8*
%4 = bitcast i32* %2 to i8*
%5 = call i32 @scanf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i32* %1)
%6 = load i32, i32* %1
%7 = add nsw i32 %6, -1
store i32 %7, i32* %1
%8 = icmp eq i32 %6, 0
br i1 %8, label %18, label %9
9: ; preds = %0, %9
%10 = call i32 @scanf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([3 x i8], [3 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i32* %2)
%11 = load i32, i32* %2
%12 = call i32 @power(i32 %11)
%13 = add nsw i32 %12, -1
%14 = call i32 @printf(i8* getelementptr inbounds ([4 x i8], [4 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0), i32 %13)
%15 = load i32, i32* %1
%16 = add nsw i32 %15, -1
store i32 %16, i32* %1
%17 = icmp eq i32 %15, 0
br i1 %17, label %18, label %9
18: ; preds = %9, %0
ret i32 0
}