#define NULL ((void *)0)
typedef unsigned long size_t; // Customize by platform.
typedef long intptr_t;
typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
typedef long scalar_t__; // Either arithmetic or pointer type.
/* By default, we understand bool (as a convenience). */
typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* Forward declarations */

/* Type definitions */
struct addrinfo {
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_addrlen;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_addr;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_protocol;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_socktype;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_family;
  struct addrinfo *ai_next;
};
typedef int /*<<< orphan*/ hints;

/* Variables and functions */
int /*<<< orphan*/ AF_UNSPEC;
int /*<<< orphan*/ SOCK_STREAM;
int /*<<< orphan*/ close(int);
int connect(int, int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int /*<<< orphan*/ errno;
int /*<<< orphan*/ fprintf(int /*<<< orphan*/, char *, char *);
int /*<<< orphan*/ freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *);
char *gai_strerror(int);
int getaddrinfo(char const *, char const *, struct addrinfo *,
                struct addrinfo **);
int /*<<< orphan*/ memset(struct addrinfo *, int /*<<< orphan*/, int);
int socket(int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int /*<<< orphan*/ stderr;
char *strerror(int /*<<< orphan*/);
int tcp_connect(const char *hostname, const char *service) {
  int sockfd, n;
  struct addrinfo hints, *res, *rp;
  memset(&hints, 0, sizeof(hints));
  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  if ((n = getaddrinfo(hostname, service, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "tcp_connect - getaddrinfo() failed: %s\n",
            gai_strerror(n));
    return -1;
  }
  for (rp = res; rp != NULL; rp = rp->ai_next) {
    sockfd = socket(rp->ai_family, rp->ai_socktype, rp->ai_protocol);
    if (sockfd == -1)
      continue;
    if (connect(sockfd, rp->ai_addr, rp->ai_addrlen) != -1)
      break;
    close(sockfd);
  }
  if (rp == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "tcp_connect() failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
    sockfd = -1;
  }
  freeaddrinfo(res);
  return sockfd;
}


x86 assembly (clang, -O0):
<tcp_connect>:
push   %rbp
mov    %rsp,%rbp
sub    $0x60,%rsp
mov    %rdi,-0x10(%rbp)
mov    %rsi,-0x18(%rbp)
lea    -0x40(%rbp),%rdi
xor    %esi,%esi
mov    $0x20,%edx
call   1040 <memset@plt>
mov    0x2e31(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x30(%rbp)
mov    0x2e0d(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x34(%rbp)
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rdi
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rsi
lea    -0x40(%rbp),%rdx
lea    -0x48(%rbp),%rcx
call   1080 <getaddrinfo@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x20(%rbp)
cmp    $0x0,%eax
je     121b <tcp_connect+0x8b>
mov    0x2de8(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x54(%rbp)
mov    -0x20(%rbp),%edi
call   1030 <gai_strerror@plt>
mov    -0x54(%rbp),%edi
mov    %rax,%rdx
lea    0xdf6(%rip),%rsi
call   1060 <fprintf@plt>
movl   $0xffffffff,-0x4(%rbp)
jmp    12e3 <tcp_connect+0x153>
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x50(%rbp)
cmpq   $0x0,-0x50(%rbp)
je     1296 <tcp_connect+0x106>
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x10(%rax),%edi
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rax
mov    0xc(%rax),%esi
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x8(%rax),%edx
call   10b0 <socket@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x1c(%rbp)
cmpl   $0xffffffff,-0x1c(%rbp)
jne    125a <tcp_connect+0xca>
jmp    1285 <tcp_connect+0xf5>
mov    -0x1c(%rbp),%edi
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x4(%rax),%esi
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edx
call   1070 <connect@plt>
cmp    $0xffffffff,%eax
je     127d <tcp_connect+0xed>
jmp    1296 <tcp_connect+0x106>
mov    -0x1c(%rbp),%edi
call   1050 <close@plt>
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x18(%rax),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x50(%rbp)
jmp    1223 <tcp_connect+0x93>
cmpq   $0x0,-0x50(%rbp)
jne    12d4 <tcp_connect+0x144>
mov    0x2d30(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x58(%rbp)
mov    0x2d14(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
call   1090 <strerror@plt>
mov    -0x58(%rbp),%edi
mov    %rax,%rdx
lea    0xd60(%rip),%rsi
call   1060 <fprintf@plt>
movl   $0xffffffff,-0x1c(%rbp)
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rdi
call   10a0 <freeaddrinfo@plt>
mov    -0x1c(%rbp),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x4(%rbp)
mov    -0x4(%rbp),%eax
add    $0x60,%rsp
pop    %rbp
ret

x86 assembly (clang, -O2):
<tcp_connect>:
push   %rbp
push   %r15
push   %r14
push   %rbx
sub    $0x28,%rsp
mov    %rsi,%r14
mov    %rdi,%rbx
lea    0x8(%rsp),%r15
mov    %r15,%rdi
xor    %esi,%esi
mov    $0x20,%edx
call   1040 <memset@plt>
mov    0x2e2d(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,0x18(%rsp)
mov    0x2e08(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,0x14(%rsp)
mov    %rsp,%rcx
mov    %rbx,%rdi
mov    %r14,%rsi
mov    %r15,%rdx
call   1080 <getaddrinfo@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
je     120e <tcp_connect+0x7e>
mov    0x2dee(%rip),%rcx
mov    (%rcx),%ebx
mov    %eax,%edi
call   1030 <gai_strerror@plt>
lea    0xe06(%rip),%rsi
mov    %ebx,%edi
mov    %rax,%rdx
call   1060 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%ebp
jmp    128e <tcp_connect+0xfe>
mov    (%rsp),%rbx
jmp    1224 <tcp_connect+0x94>
cs nopw 0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
xchg   %ax,%ax
mov    0x18(%rbx),%rbx
test   %rbx,%rbx
je     1258 <tcp_connect+0xc8>
mov    0x10(%rbx),%edi
mov    0x8(%rbx),%edx
mov    0xc(%rbx),%esi
call   10b0 <socket@plt>
cmp    $0xffffffff,%eax
je     1220 <tcp_connect+0x90>
mov    %eax,%ebp
mov    (%rbx),%edx
mov    0x4(%rbx),%esi
mov    %eax,%edi
call   1070 <connect@plt>
cmp    $0xffffffff,%eax
jne    1285 <tcp_connect+0xf5>
mov    %ebp,%edi
call   1050 <close@plt>
jmp    1220 <tcp_connect+0x90>
mov    0x2d79(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%ebx
mov    0x2d60(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
call   1090 <strerror@plt>
lea    0xdb2(%rip),%rsi
mov    %ebx,%edi
mov    %rax,%rdx
call   1060 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%ebp
mov    (%rsp),%rdi
call   10a0 <freeaddrinfo@plt>
mov    %ebp,%eax
add    $0x28,%rsp
pop    %rbx
pop    %r14
pop    %r15
pop    %rbp
ret

LLVM IR (-O0):
%struct.addrinfo = type { i32, i32, i32, i32, i32, %struct.addrinfo* }
@AF_UNSPEC = global i32 0
@SOCK_STREAM = global i32 0
@stderr = global i32 0
@.str = [40 x i8] c"tcp_connect - getaddrinfo() failed: %s\0A\00"
@.str.1 = [26 x i8] c"tcp_connect() failed: %s\0A\00"
@errno = global i32 0
define i32 @tcp_connect(i8* %0, i8* %1) {
%3 = alloca i32
%4 = alloca i8*
%5 = alloca i8*
%6 = alloca i32
%7 = alloca i32
%8 = alloca %struct.addrinfo
%9 = alloca %struct.addrinfo*
%10 = alloca %struct.addrinfo*
store i8* %0, i8** %4
store i8* %1, i8** %5
%11 = call i32 @memset(%struct.addrinfo* %8, i32 0, i32 32)
%12 = load i32, i32* @AF_UNSPEC
%13 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %8, i32 0, i32 4
store i32 %12, i32* %13
%14 = load i32, i32* @SOCK_STREAM
%15 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %8, i32 0, i32 3
store i32 %14, i32* %15
%16 = load i8*, i8** %4
%17 = load i8*, i8** %5
%18 = call i32 @getaddrinfo(i8* %16, i8* %17, %struct.addrinfo* %8, %struct.addrinfo** %9)
store i32 %18, i32* %7
%19 = icmp ne i32 %18, 0
br i1 %19, label %20, label %25
20: ; preds = %2
%21 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%22 = load i32, i32* %7
%23 = call i8* @gai_strerror(i32 %22)
%24 = call i32 @fprintf(i32 %21, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([40 x i8], [40 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %23)
store i32 -1, i32* %3
br label %74
25: ; preds = %2
%26 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
store %struct.addrinfo* %26, %struct.addrinfo** %10
br label %27
27: ; preds = %58, %25
%28 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%29 = icmp ne %struct.addrinfo* %28, null
br i1 %29, label %30, label %62
30: ; preds = %27
%31 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%32 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %31, i32 0, i32 4
%33 = load i32, i32* %32
%34 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%35 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %34, i32 0, i32 3
%36 = load i32, i32* %35
%37 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%38 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %37, i32 0, i32 2
%39 = load i32, i32* %38
%40 = call i32 @socket(i32 %33, i32 %36, i32 %39)
store i32 %40, i32* %6
%41 = load i32, i32* %6
%42 = icmp eq i32 %41, -1
br i1 %42, label %43, label %44
43: ; preds = %30
br label %58
44: ; preds = %30
%45 = load i32, i32* %6
%46 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%47 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %46, i32 0, i32 1
%48 = load i32, i32* %47
%49 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%50 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %49, i32 0, i32 0
%51 = load i32, i32* %50
%52 = call i32 @connect(i32 %45, i32 %48, i32 %51)
%53 = icmp ne i32 %52, -1
br i1 %53, label %54, label %55
54: ; preds = %44
br label %62
55: ; preds = %44
%56 = load i32, i32* %6
%57 = call i32 @close(i32 %56)
br label %58
58: ; preds = %55, %43
%59 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%60 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %59, i32 0, i32 5
%61 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %60
store %struct.addrinfo* %61, %struct.addrinfo** %10
br label %27
62: ; preds = %54, %27
%63 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%64 = icmp eq %struct.addrinfo* %63, null
br i1 %64, label %65, label %70
65: ; preds = %62
%66 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%67 = load i32, i32* @errno
%68 = call i8* @strerror(i32 %67)
%69 = call i32 @fprintf(i32 %66, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([26 x i8], [26 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %68)
store i32 -1, i32* %6
br label %70
70: ; preds = %65, %62
%71 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%72 = call i32 @freeaddrinfo(%struct.addrinfo* %71)
%73 = load i32, i32* %6
store i32 %73, i32* %3
br label %74
74: ; preds = %70, %20
%75 = load i32, i32* %3
ret i32 %75
}

LLVM IR (-O2):
%struct.addrinfo = type { i32, i32, i32, i32, i32, %struct.addrinfo* }
@AF_UNSPEC = global i32 0
@SOCK_STREAM = global i32 0
@stderr = global i32 0
@.str = [40 x i8] c"tcp_connect - getaddrinfo() failed: %s\0A\00"
@.str.1 = [26 x i8] c"tcp_connect() failed: %s\0A\00"
@errno = global i32 0
define i32 @tcp_connect(i8* %0, i8* %1) {
%3 = alloca %struct.addrinfo
%4 = alloca %struct.addrinfo*
%5 = bitcast %struct.addrinfo* %3 to i8*
%6 = bitcast %struct.addrinfo** %4 to i8*
%7 = call i32 @memset(%struct.addrinfo* %3, i32 0, i32 32)
%8 = load i32, i32* @AF_UNSPEC
%9 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %3, i64 0, i32 4
store i32 %8, i32* %9
%10 = load i32, i32* @SOCK_STREAM
%11 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %3, i64 0, i32 3
store i32 %10, i32* %11
%12 = call i32 @getaddrinfo(i8* %0, i8* %1, %struct.addrinfo* %3, %struct.addrinfo** %4)
%13 = icmp eq i32 %12, 0
br i1 %13, label %14, label %17
14: ; preds = %2
%15 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %4
%16 = icmp eq %struct.addrinfo* %15, null
br i1 %16, label %44, label %21
17: ; preds = %2
%18 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%19 = call i8* @gai_strerror(i32 %12)
%20 = call i32 @fprintf(i32 %18, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([40 x i8], [40 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %19)
br label %53
21: ; preds = %14, %40
%22 = phi %struct.addrinfo* [ %42, %40 ], [ %15, %14 ]
%23 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %22, i64 0, i32 4
%24 = load i32, i32* %23
%25 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %22, i64 0, i32 3
%26 = load i32, i32* %25
%27 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %22, i64 0, i32 2
%28 = load i32, i32* %27
%29 = call i32 @socket(i32 %24, i32 %26, i32 %28)
%30 = icmp eq i32 %29, -1
br i1 %30, label %40, label %31
31: ; preds = %21
%32 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %22, i64 0, i32 1
%33 = load i32, i32* %32
%34 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %22, i64 0, i32 0
%35 = load i32, i32* %34
%36 = call i32 @connect(i32 %29, i32 %33, i32 %35)
%37 = icmp eq i32 %36, -1
br i1 %37, label %38, label %49
38: ; preds = %31
%39 = call i32 @close(i32 %29)
br label %40
40: ; preds = %21, %38
%41 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %22, i64 0, i32 5
%42 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %41
%43 = icmp eq %struct.addrinfo* %42, null
br i1 %43, label %44, label %21
44: ; preds = %40, %14
%45 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%46 = load i32, i32* @errno
%47 = call i8* @strerror(i32 %46)
%48 = call i32 @fprintf(i32 %45, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([26 x i8], [26 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %47)
br label %49
49: ; preds = %31, %44
%50 = phi i32 [ -1, %44 ], [ %29, %31 ]
%51 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %4
%52 = call i32 @freeaddrinfo(%struct.addrinfo* %51)
br label %53
53: ; preds = %49, %17
%54 = phi i32 [ -1, %17 ], [ %50, %49 ]
ret i32 %54
}