#define NULL ((void *)0)
typedef unsigned long size_t; // Customize by platform.
typedef long intptr_t;
typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
typedef long scalar_t__; // Either arithmetic or pointer type.
/* By default, we understand bool (as a convenience). */
typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* Forward declarations */

/* Type definitions */

/* Variables and functions */
int len(char *);
char *makeCopy(char *);
char toupper(char);
char *toUpperCase(char *s) {
  char *q = makeCopy(s);
  int i;
  for (i = 0; i < len(q); i++) {
    *(q + i) = toupper(*(q + i));
  }
  return q;
}


x86 assembly (clang, -O0):
<toUpperCase>:
push   %rbp
mov    %rsp,%rbp
sub    $0x20,%rsp
mov    %rdi,-0x8(%rbp)
mov    -0x8(%rbp),%rdi
call   1050 <makeCopy@plt>
mov    %rax,-0x10(%rbp)
movl   $0x0,-0x14(%rbp)
mov    -0x14(%rbp),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x18(%rbp)
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rdi
call   1030 <len@plt>
mov    %eax,%ecx
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%eax
cmp    %ecx,%eax
jge    1198 <toUpperCase+0x68>
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
movslq -0x14(%rbp),%rcx
movsbl (%rax,%rcx,1),%edi
call   1040 <toupper@plt>
mov    %al,%dl
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
movslq -0x14(%rbp),%rcx
mov    %dl,(%rax,%rcx,1)
mov    -0x14(%rbp),%eax
add    $0x1,%eax
mov    %eax,-0x14(%rbp)
jmp    1150 <toUpperCase+0x20>
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
add    $0x20,%rsp
pop    %rbp
ret

x86 assembly (clang, -O2):
<toUpperCase>:
push   %r14
push   %rbx
push   %rax
call   1050 <makeCopy@plt>
mov    %rax,%r14
mov    %rax,%rdi
call   1030 <len@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
jle    1171 <toUpperCase+0x41>
xor    %ebx,%ebx
nopw   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
movsbl (%r14,%rbx,1),%edi
call   1040 <toupper@plt>
mov    %al,(%r14,%rbx,1)
add    $0x1,%rbx
mov    %r14,%rdi
call   1030 <len@plt>
cltq
cmp    %rax,%rbx
jl     1150 <toUpperCase+0x20>
mov    %r14,%rax
add    $0x8,%rsp
pop    %rbx
pop    %r14
ret

LLVM IR (-O0):
define i8* @toUpperCase(i8* %0) {
%2 = alloca i8*
%3 = alloca i8*
%4 = alloca i32
store i8* %0, i8** %2
%5 = load i8*, i8** %2
%6 = call i8* @makeCopy(i8* %5)
store i8* %6, i8** %3
store i32 0, i32* %4
br label %7
7: ; preds = %23, %1
%8 = load i32, i32* %4
%9 = load i8*, i8** %3
%10 = call i32 @len(i8* %9)
%11 = icmp slt i32 %8, %10
br i1 %11, label %12, label %26
12: ; preds = %7
%13 = load i8*, i8** %3
%14 = load i32, i32* %4
%15 = sext i32 %14 to i64
%16 = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %13, i64 %15
%17 = load i8, i8* %16
%18 = call signext i8 @toupper(i8 signext %17)
%19 = load i8*, i8** %3
%20 = load i32, i32* %4
%21 = sext i32 %20 to i64
%22 = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %19, i64 %21
store i8 %18, i8* %22
br label %23
23: ; preds = %12
%24 = load i32, i32* %4
%25 = add nsw i32 %24, 1
store i32 %25, i32* %4
br label %7
26: ; preds = %7
%27 = load i8*, i8** %3
ret i8* %27
}

LLVM IR (-O2):
define i8* @toUpperCase(i8* %0) {
%2 = tail call i8* @makeCopy(i8* %0)
%3 = tail call i32 @len(i8* %2)
%4 = icmp sgt i32 %3, 0
br i1 %4, label %5, label %14
5: ; preds = %1, %5
%6 = phi i64 [ %10, %5 ], [ 0, %1 ]
%7 = getelementptr inbounds i8, i8* %2, i64 %6
%8 = load i8, i8* %7
%9 = tail call signext i8 @toupper(i8 signext %8)
store i8 %9, i8* %7
%10 = add nuw nsw i64 %6, 1
%11 = tail call i32 @len(i8* %2)
%12 = sext i32 %11 to i64
%13 = icmp slt i64 %10, %12
br i1 %13, label %5, label %14
14: ; preds = %5, %1
ret i8* %2
}