#define NULL ((void *)0)
typedef unsigned long size_t; // Customize by platform.
typedef long intptr_t;
typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
typedef long scalar_t__; // Either arithmetic or pointer type.
/* By default, we understand bool (as a convenience). */
typedef int bool;
#define false 0
#define true 1

/* Forward declarations */

/* Type definitions */
struct addrinfo {
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_addrlen;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_addr;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_protocol;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_socktype;
  int /*<<< orphan*/ ai_family;
  struct addrinfo *ai_next;
};

/* Variables and functions */
int /*<<< orphan*/ AF_UNSPEC;
int /*<<< orphan*/ SOCK_STREAM;
int /*<<< orphan*/ bzero(struct addrinfo *, int);
int /*<<< orphan*/ close(int);
scalar_t__ connect(int, int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int /*<<< orphan*/ fprintf(int /*<<< orphan*/, char *, char const *,
                           char const *, ...);
int /*<<< orphan*/ freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *);
char *gai_strerror(int);
int getaddrinfo(char const *, char const *, struct addrinfo *,
                struct addrinfo **);
int socket(int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/, int /*<<< orphan*/);
int /*<<< orphan*/ stderr;
int tcp_connect(const char *hostname, const char *service) {
  int sockfd;
  int ret;
  struct addrinfo hints, *res, *ressave;
  bzero(&hints, sizeof(struct addrinfo));
  hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;
  hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
  if ((ret = getaddrinfo(hostname, service, &hints, &res)) != 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "tcp_connect() error for %s, %s: %s", hostname, service,
            gai_strerror(ret));
    return (-1);
  }
  ressave = res;
  do {
    if ((sockfd = socket(res->ai_family, res->ai_socktype, res->ai_protocol)) <
        0) {
      continue;
    } else {
      if (connect(sockfd, res->ai_addr, res->ai_addrlen) == 0)
        break;
      else {
        close(sockfd);
        continue;
      }
    }
  } while ((res = res->ai_next) != NULL);
  if (res == NULL) {
    fprintf(stderr, "tcp_connect() error for %s, %s\n", hostname, service);
    return -1;
  }
  freeaddrinfo(ressave);
  return sockfd;
}


x86 assembly (clang, -O0):
<tcp_connect>:
push   %rbp
mov    %rsp,%rbp
sub    $0x70,%rsp
mov    %rdi,-0x10(%rbp)
mov    %rsi,-0x18(%rbp)
lea    -0x40(%rbp),%rdi
mov    $0x20,%esi
call   1060 <bzero@plt>
mov    0x2e43(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x30(%rbp)
mov    0x2e1f(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x34(%rbp)
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rdi
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rsi
lea    -0x40(%rbp),%rdx
lea    -0x48(%rbp),%rcx
call   1080 <getaddrinfo@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x20(%rbp)
cmp    $0x0,%eax
je     1223 <tcp_connect+0xa3>
mov    0x2dfa(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x64(%rbp)
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x60(%rbp)
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x58(%rbp)
mov    -0x20(%rbp),%edi
call   1030 <gai_strerror@plt>
mov    -0x64(%rbp),%edi
mov    -0x60(%rbp),%rdx
mov    -0x58(%rbp),%rcx
mov    %rax,%r8
lea    0xdf0(%rip),%rsi
mov    $0x0,%al
call   1050 <fprintf@plt>
movl   $0xffffffff,-0x4(%rbp)
jmp    12dd <tcp_connect+0x15d>
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x50(%rbp)
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x10(%rax),%edi
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    0xc(%rax),%esi
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x8(%rax),%edx
call   10a0 <socket@plt>
mov    %eax,-0x1c(%rbp)
cmp    $0x0,%eax
jge    1256 <tcp_connect+0xd6>
jmp    1282 <tcp_connect+0x102>
mov    -0x1c(%rbp),%edi
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x4(%rax),%esi
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edx
call   1070 <connect@plt>
cmp    $0x0,%rax
jne    127a <tcp_connect+0xfa>
jmp    1298 <tcp_connect+0x118>
mov    -0x1c(%rbp),%edi
call   1040 <close@plt>
mov    -0x48(%rbp),%rax
mov    0x18(%rax),%rax
mov    %rax,-0x48(%rbp)
cmp    $0x0,%rax
jne    122b <tcp_connect+0xab>
cmpq   $0x0,-0x48(%rbp)
jne    12ce <tcp_connect+0x14e>
mov    0x2d2e(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
mov    -0x10(%rbp),%rdx
mov    -0x18(%rbp),%rcx
lea    0xd68(%rip),%rsi
mov    $0x0,%al
call   1050 <fprintf@plt>
movl   $0xffffffff,-0x4(%rbp)
jmp    12dd <tcp_connect+0x15d>
mov    -0x50(%rbp),%rdi
call   1090 <freeaddrinfo@plt>
mov    -0x1c(%rbp),%eax
mov    %eax,-0x4(%rbp)
mov    -0x4(%rbp),%eax
add    $0x70,%rsp
pop    %rbp
ret

x86 assembly (clang, -O2):
<tcp_connect>:
push   %rbp
push   %r15
push   %r14
push   %rbx
sub    $0x28,%rsp
mov    %rsi,%r14
mov    %rdi,%rbx
lea    0x8(%rsp),%rbp
mov    %rbp,%rdi
mov    $0x20,%esi
call   1060 <bzero@plt>
mov    0x2e3f(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,0x18(%rsp)
mov    0x2e1a(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%eax
mov    %eax,0x14(%rsp)
mov    %rsp,%rcx
mov    %rbx,%rdi
mov    %r14,%rsi
mov    %rbp,%rdx
call   1080 <getaddrinfo@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
je     11ff <tcp_connect+0x7f>
mov    0x2e00(%rip),%rcx
mov    (%rcx),%ebp
mov    %eax,%edi
call   1030 <gai_strerror@plt>
lea    0xe18(%rip),%rsi
mov    %ebp,%edi
mov    %rbx,%rdx
mov    %r14,%rcx
mov    %rax,%r8
xor    %eax,%eax
call   1050 <fprintf@plt>
jmp    1281 <tcp_connect+0x101>
mov    (%rsp),%r15
mov    %r15,%rax
jmp    1221 <tcp_connect+0xa1>
nopl   0x0(%rax,%rax,1)
mov    (%rsp),%rax
mov    0x18(%rax),%rax
mov    %rax,(%rsp)
test   %rax,%rax
je     1264 <tcp_connect+0xe4>
mov    0x10(%rax),%edi
mov    0x8(%rax),%edx
mov    0xc(%rax),%esi
call   10a0 <socket@plt>
test   %eax,%eax
js     1210 <tcp_connect+0x90>
mov    %eax,%ebp
mov    (%rsp),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edx
mov    0x4(%rax),%esi
mov    %ebp,%edi
call   1070 <connect@plt>
test   %rax,%rax
je     1253 <tcp_connect+0xd3>
mov    %ebp,%edi
call   1040 <close@plt>
jmp    1210 <tcp_connect+0x90>
cmpq   $0x0,(%rsp)
je     1264 <tcp_connect+0xe4>
mov    %r15,%rdi
call   1090 <freeaddrinfo@plt>
jmp    1286 <tcp_connect+0x106>
mov    0x2d6d(%rip),%rax
mov    (%rax),%edi
lea    0xdaf(%rip),%rsi
mov    %rbx,%rdx
mov    %r14,%rcx
xor    %eax,%eax
call   1050 <fprintf@plt>
mov    $0xffffffff,%ebp
mov    %ebp,%eax
add    $0x28,%rsp
pop    %rbx
pop    %r14
pop    %r15
pop    %rbp
ret

LLVM IR (-O0):
%struct.addrinfo = type { i32, i32, i32, i32, i32, %struct.addrinfo* }
@AF_UNSPEC = global i32 0
@SOCK_STREAM = global i32 0
@stderr = global i32 0
@.str = [35 x i8] c"tcp_connect() error for %s, %s: %s\00"
@.str.1 = [32 x i8] c"tcp_connect() error for %s, %s\0A\00"
define i32 @tcp_connect(i8* %0, i8* %1) {
%3 = alloca i32
%4 = alloca i8*
%5 = alloca i8*
%6 = alloca i32
%7 = alloca i32
%8 = alloca %struct.addrinfo
%9 = alloca %struct.addrinfo*
%10 = alloca %struct.addrinfo*
store i8* %0, i8** %4
store i8* %1, i8** %5
%11 = call i32 @bzero(%struct.addrinfo* %8, i32 32)
%12 = load i32, i32* @AF_UNSPEC
%13 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %8, i32 0, i32 4
store i32 %12, i32* %13
%14 = load i32, i32* @SOCK_STREAM
%15 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %8, i32 0, i32 3
store i32 %14, i32* %15
%16 = load i8*, i8** %4
%17 = load i8*, i8** %5
%18 = call i32 @getaddrinfo(i8* %16, i8* %17, %struct.addrinfo* %8, %struct.addrinfo** %9)
store i32 %18, i32* %7
%19 = icmp ne i32 %18, 0
br i1 %19, label %20, label %27
20: ; preds = %2
%21 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%22 = load i8*, i8** %4
%23 = load i8*, i8** %5
%24 = load i32, i32* %7
%25 = call i8* @gai_strerror(i32 %24)
%26 = call i32 (i32, i8*, i8*, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %21, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([35 x i8], [35 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %22, i8* %23, i8* %25)
store i32 -1, i32* %3
br label %73
27: ; preds = %2
%28 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
store %struct.addrinfo* %28, %struct.addrinfo** %10
br label %29
29: ; preds = %56, %27
%30 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%31 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %30, i32 0, i32 4
%32 = load i32, i32* %31
%33 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%34 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %33, i32 0, i32 3
%35 = load i32, i32* %34
%36 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%37 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %36, i32 0, i32 2
%38 = load i32, i32* %37
%39 = call i32 @socket(i32 %32, i32 %35, i32 %38)
store i32 %39, i32* %6
%40 = icmp slt i32 %39, 0
br i1 %40, label %41, label %42
41: ; preds = %29
br label %56
42: ; preds = %29
%43 = load i32, i32* %6
%44 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%45 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %44, i32 0, i32 1
%46 = load i32, i32* %45
%47 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%48 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %47, i32 0, i32 0
%49 = load i32, i32* %48
%50 = call i64 @connect(i32 %43, i32 %46, i32 %49)
%51 = icmp eq i64 %50, 0
br i1 %51, label %52, label %53
52: ; preds = %42
br label %61
53: ; preds = %42
%54 = load i32, i32* %6
%55 = call i32 @close(i32 %54)
br label %56
56: ; preds = %53, %41
%57 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%58 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %57, i32 0, i32 5
%59 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %58
store %struct.addrinfo* %59, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%60 = icmp ne %struct.addrinfo* %59, null
br i1 %60, label %29, label %61
61: ; preds = %56, %52
%62 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %9
%63 = icmp eq %struct.addrinfo* %62, null
br i1 %63, label %64, label %69
64: ; preds = %61
%65 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%66 = load i8*, i8** %4
%67 = load i8*, i8** %5
%68 = call i32 (i32, i8*, i8*, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %65, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([32 x i8], [32 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %66, i8* %67)
store i32 -1, i32* %3
br label %73
69: ; preds = %61
%70 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %10
%71 = call i32 @freeaddrinfo(%struct.addrinfo* %70)
%72 = load i32, i32* %6
store i32 %72, i32* %3
br label %73
73: ; preds = %69, %64, %20
%74 = load i32, i32* %3
ret i32 %74
}

LLVM IR (-O2):
%struct.addrinfo = type { i32, i32, i32, i32, i32, %struct.addrinfo* }
@AF_UNSPEC = global i32 0
@SOCK_STREAM = global i32 0
@stderr = global i32 0
@.str = [35 x i8] c"tcp_connect() error for %s, %s: %s\00"
@.str.1 = [32 x i8] c"tcp_connect() error for %s, %s\0A\00"
define i32 @tcp_connect(i8* %0, i8* %1) {
%3 = alloca %struct.addrinfo
%4 = alloca %struct.addrinfo*
%5 = bitcast %struct.addrinfo* %3 to i8*
%6 = bitcast %struct.addrinfo** %4 to i8*
%7 = call i32 @bzero(%struct.addrinfo* %3, i32 32)
%8 = load i32, i32* @AF_UNSPEC
%9 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %3, i64 0, i32 4
store i32 %8, i32* %9
%10 = load i32, i32* @SOCK_STREAM
%11 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %3, i64 0, i32 3
store i32 %10, i32* %11
%12 = call i32 @getaddrinfo(i8* %0, i8* %1, %struct.addrinfo* %3, %struct.addrinfo** %4)
%13 = icmp eq i32 %12, 0
br i1 %13, label %18, label %14
14: ; preds = %2
%15 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%16 = call i8* @gai_strerror(i32 %12)
%17 = call i32 (i32, i8*, i8*, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %15, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([35 x i8], [35 x i8]* @.str, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %0, i8* %1, i8* %16)
br label %53
18: ; preds = %2
%19 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %4
br label %20
20: ; preds = %40, %18
%21 = phi %struct.addrinfo* [ %43, %40 ], [ %19, %18 ]
%22 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %21, i64 0, i32 4
%23 = load i32, i32* %22
%24 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %21, i64 0, i32 3
%25 = load i32, i32* %24
%26 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %21, i64 0, i32 2
%27 = load i32, i32* %26
%28 = call i32 @socket(i32 %23, i32 %25, i32 %27)
%29 = icmp slt i32 %28, 0
br i1 %29, label %40, label %30
30: ; preds = %20
%31 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %4
%32 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %31, i64 0, i32 1
%33 = load i32, i32* %32
%34 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %31, i64 0, i32 0
%35 = load i32, i32* %34
%36 = call i64 @connect(i32 %28, i32 %33, i32 %35)
%37 = icmp eq i64 %36, 0
br i1 %37, label %45, label %38
38: ; preds = %30
%39 = call i32 @close(i32 %28)
br label %40
40: ; preds = %20, %38
%41 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %4
%42 = getelementptr inbounds %struct.addrinfo, %struct.addrinfo* %41, i64 0, i32 5
%43 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %42
store %struct.addrinfo* %43, %struct.addrinfo** %4
%44 = icmp eq %struct.addrinfo* %43, null
br i1 %44, label %48, label %20
45: ; preds = %30
%46 = load %struct.addrinfo*, %struct.addrinfo** %4
%47 = icmp eq %struct.addrinfo* %46, null
br i1 %47, label %48, label %51
48: ; preds = %40, %45
%49 = load i32, i32* @stderr
%50 = call i32 (i32, i8*, i8*, i8*, ...) @fprintf(i32 %49, i8* getelementptr inbounds ([32 x i8], [32 x i8]* @.str.1, i64 0, i64 0), i8* %0, i8* %1)
br label %53
51: ; preds = %45
%52 = call i32 @freeaddrinfo(%struct.addrinfo* %19)
br label %53
53: ; preds = %51, %48, %14
%54 = phi i32 [ -1, %14 ], [ -1, %48 ], [ %28, %51 ]
ret i32 %54
}