xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: When was Wealth of Nations written?
Sentence: The "invisible hand" mentioned in a lost page in the middle of a chapter in the middle of the to "Wealth of Nations", 1776, advances as Smith's central message.[clarification needed]
Question: What are the permanent sources of positive ecclesiastical law?
Sentence: The actual subject material of the canons is not just doctrinal or moral in nature, but all-encompassing of the human condition.
Question: Where does the name Thuringia come from?
Sentence: The name Thuringia or Thüringen derives from the Germanic tribe Thuringii, who emerged during the Migration Period.
Question: In 2008, how many were enrolled in public schools?
Sentence: Ann Arbor Public Schools also operates a preschool and family center, with programs for at-risk infants and children before kindergarten.
Question: What was Tip O'Neill's job?
Sentence: The junior U.S. Senator from Massachusetts, Paul Tsongas, announced in 1984 that he would be stepping down for health reasons.
Question: What was the change in gathering?
Sentence: Agriculture originated and spread in several different areas including the Middle East, Asia, Mesoamerica, and the Andes beginning as early as 12,000 years ago.
Question: Who conducts training of the cadets?
Sentence: The majority of members in COATS are officers of the Cadet Instructors Cadre (CIC) branch of the CAF.
Question: What king died in 1833?
Sentence: The captaincies they created were subdued to a centralized administration in Salvador (later relocated to Rio de Janeiro) which reported directly to the Portuguese Crown until its independence in 1822, becoming the Empire of Brazil.
Question: From whom did Allied leaders switch their support from to Tito?
Sentence: This resulted in Allied aid being parachuted behind Axis lines to assist the Partisans.
Question: Which country is Galicia in?
Sentence: ; Galician: [ɡaˈliθja] ( listen), [ħaˈliθja], or [ħaˈlisja]; Spanish: [ɡaˈliθja]; Galician and Portuguese: Galiza, [ɡaˈliθa] ( listen), [ħaˈliθa] or [ħaˈlisa]) is an autonomous community of Spain and historic nationality under Spanish law.
Question: When did another military coup overthrow Buhari?
Sentence: His regime was overthrown by another military coup in 1985.
Question: Until 2010, which airline made Houston its headquarters?
Sentence: Houston was the headquarters of Continental Airlines until its 2010 merger with United Airlines with headquarters in Chicago; regulatory approval for the merger was granted in October of that year.
Question: Where was the Mielnik Polish–Lithuanian union refromed?
Sentence: However the Act of Mielno (Polish: Przywilej mielnicki) of 25 October did more to strengthen the magnate dominated Senate of Poland then the lesser nobility.
Question: Over what time period were the Western Kshatrapas in power?
Sentence: The Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era (with their calendar), marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps state.
Question: What percentage of the Permanent Fund is divided betwen Alaska's eligible residents?
Sentence: To qualify for the Permanent Fund Dividend, one must have lived in the state for a minimum of 12 months, maintain constant residency subject to allowable absences, and not be subject to court judgments or criminal convictions which fall under various disqualifying classifications or may subject the payment amount to civil garnishment.
Question: How many Armenians died in the Adana Massacre?
Sentence: The Ottoman Empire began to collapse, and in 1908, the Young Turk Revolution overthrew the government of Sultan Hamid.
Question: Who was Norfolk Island colonised by?
Sentence: On 8 June 1856, permanent civilian residence on the island began when it was settled from Pitcairn Island.
Question: What may low-traffic airports use to save electricity and staffing costs?
Sentence: Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS).
Question: What cooperative arrangement did Jehovah's Witnesses establish?
Sentence: Though Jehovah's Witnesses do not accept blood transfusions of whole blood, they may accept some blood plasma fractions at their own discretion.
Question: When did drama first begin in history?
Sentence: At the beginning of Greek literature stand the two monumental works of Homer: the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Question: in 2011, Beyonce performed for four nights where?
Sentence: Her fourth studio album 4 was released on June 28, 2011 in the US.
Question: What big cats in Indonesia also attack dogs?
Sentence: Tigers in Manchuria, Indochina, Indonesia, and Malaysia are reputed to kill dogs with the same vigor as leopards.
Question: What rebellion began in January of 2012?
Sentence: In March, military officer Amadou Sanogo seized power in a coup d'état, citing Touré's failures in quelling the rebellion, and leading to sanctions and an embargo by the Economic Community of West African States.
Question: What caused inflation to Iran's economy during the oil price spike in 1973?
Sentence: Due to the 1973 spike in oil prices, the economy of Iran was flooded with foreign currency, which caused inflation.
Question: What was King Faisal's position toward Nasser?
Sentence: While Nasser was in Syria, King Saud planned to have him assassinated on his return flight to Cairo.
Question: What is the population of the Alpine region?
Sentence: The population of the region is 14 million spread across eight countries.
Question: What is the relation between the number of base pairs and total complement of genes in a species called?
Sentence: At present, the highest known number of genes is around 60,000, for the protozoan causing trichomoniasis (see List of sequenced eukaryotic genomes), almost three times as many as in the human genome.
Question: How far did crop prices fall?
Sentence: Farming and rural areas suffered as crop prices fell by roughly 60 percent.
Question: What were ANSI values often called in the beginning?
Sentence: Based on earlier research work by Loyd Ancile Jones (1884–1954) of Kodak and inspired by the systems of Weston film speed ratings and General Electric film values, the American Standards Association (now named ANSI) defined a new method to determine and specify film speeds of black-and-white negative films in 1943.
Question: When did Irgun attack the British administrative headquarters?
Sentence: The attack initially had the approval of the Haganah (the principal Jewish paramilitary group in Palestine).
Question: When did the Fraunhofer institute send out a letter?
Sentence: To make, sell and/or distribute products using the [MPEG Layer-3] standard and thus our patents, you need to obtain a license under these patents from us."
Question: When did the TSFSR break up into three parts?
Sentence: The situation was difficult for the church, which struggled under Soviet rule.
Question: How long were Sasanin Persians ruling Egypt?
Sentence: When they defeated the Byzantine Armies in Egypt, the Arabs brought Sunni Islam to the country.
Question: What are antibodies comprised of?
Sentence: Antibodies are specific proteins released from a certain class of immune cells known as B lymphocytes, while antigens are defined as anything that elicits the generation of antibodies ("anti"body "gen"erators).
Question: What happens after a bill is delivered to the OFR?
Sentence: After the President signs a bill into law (or Congress enacts it over his veto), it is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) where it is assigned a law number, and prepared for publication as a slip law.
Question: CJFC, CHAT, and CKPG are owned by whom?
Sentence: Incidentally, CFJC, CKPG and CHAT are all owned by an independent media company, Jim Pattison Group.
Question: At what island did the Globe arrive in 1824?
Sentence: One year later, the American schooner Dolphin arrived and picked up two boys, the last survivors of a massacre by the natives due to their brutal treatment of the women.:2
Question: Who did the Ming dynasty showed favors to?
Sentence: Of the third Dalai Lama, China Daily states that the "Ming dynasty showed him special favor by allowing him to pay tribute.
Question: Why the commuter lines built to different standards can cause be complicated?
Sentence: This can cause electrification of certain connections to be very expensive simply because of the implications on the sections it is connecting.
Question: What is the average annual precipitation along San Diego's coast?
Sentence: Rainfall is usually greater in the higher elevations of San Diego; some of the higher elevation areas of San Diego can receive 11–15 inches (280–380 mm) of rain a year.
Question: Truman wanted Eisenhower to run for the presidency as a member of what party?
Sentence: In defeating Taft for the nomination, it became necessary for Eisenhower to appease the right wing Old Guard of the Republican Party; his selection of Richard M. Nixon as the Vice-President on the ticket was designed in part for that purpose.
Question: How many games did Jeff Foley play in?
Sentence: The 5-foot-6 (170 cm), self-described "unathletic writer" played in three preseason games and had one catch for −2 yards.
Question: IN 1858 who was szlachta out of all the russian nobles?
Sentence: All this was to punish the szlachta's role in the uprisings of 1830 and 1863.
Question: During the Helvetic Republic, which forces invaded Switzerland when war broke out between France and its rivals?
Sentence: The Swiss refused to fight alongside the French in the name of the Helvetic Republic.
Question: What ingredient is used for amylotytic fermentation in sake?
Sentence: A fermented beverage using rice and fruit was made in China around 7000 BC.
Question: What two words is "architecture" a combination of?
Sentence: Architecture (Latin architectura, from the Greek ἀρχιτέκτων arkhitekton "architect", from ἀρχι- "chief" and τέκτων "builder") is both the process and the product of planning, designing, and constructing buildings and other physical structures.
Question: What does the capacitor on the second winding of a squirrel cage motor do?
Sentence: To start the motor, a secondary "start" winding has a series non-polarized starting capacitor to introduce a lead in the sinusoidal current.
Question: Who is the abbey dedicated to?
Sentence: Westminster diocese was dissolved in 1550, but the abbey was recognised (in 1552, retroactively to 1550) as a second cathedral of the Diocese of London until 1556.
Question: To be true architecture in Ruskin's opinion what should be done to a structure?
Sentence: His work goes on to state that a building is not truly a work of architecture unless it is in some way "adorned".
Question: What do the partians do on the conveyor?
Sentence: The conveyor often includes partitions to ensure that the material moves forward.
Question: Which organism acts as a single non coding RNA gene?
Sentence: The smallest genomes occur in viruses (which can have as few as 2 protein-coding genes), and viroids (which act as a single non-coding RNA gene).
Question: How many clubs where in the first football league?
Sentence: England is also home to the world's first football league, which was founded in Birmingham in 1888 by Aston Villa director William McGregor.
Question: Does ending child labour have a global value?
Sentence: In other words, there are moral and economic reasons that justify a blanket ban on labour from children aged 18 years or less, everywhere in the world.
Question: Which past mayor of Seattle has been criticized for favoring the rich of industry at the expense of the people?
Sentence: While some see the new development as an economic boon, others have criticized Nickels and the Seattle City Council for pandering to Allen's interests at taxpayers' expense.
Question: What is another benefit of a "destination operating panel"?
Sentence: In this way, travel time is reduced as the elevator makes fewer stops for individual passengers, and the computer distributes adjacent stops to different cars in the bank.
Question: What does Article 370 say?
Sentence: Article 370 makes special provisions for the state of Jammu and Kashmir as per its Instrument of Accession.
Question: What group did Hafiz Muhammad Saeed lead?
Sentence: Zayn al-Abidn Muhammed Hasayn Abu Zubaydah was arrested by Pakistani officials during a series of joint U.S.-Pakistan raids.
Question: What does slahta mean?
Sentence: , the Polish "rycerz" ("knight", cognate of the German "Ritter") and the Polish "herb" ("coat of arms", from the German "Erbe", "heritage").
Question: Which natural disaster occurred on October 29, 2012 in NYC?
Sentence: Hurricane Sandy brought a destructive storm surge to New York City on the evening of October 29, 2012, flooding numerous streets, tunnels, and subway lines in Lower Manhattan and other areas of the city and cutting off electricity in many parts of the city and its suburbs.
Question: How many miles long was the human chain?
Sentence: On January 21, 1990, Rukh organized a 300-mile (480 km) human chain between Kiev, Lviv, and Ivano-Frankivsk.
Question: How much of Ireland's Russian speakers are Irish citizens?
Sentence: 20% held Irish citizenship, while 27% and 14% were holding the passports of Latvia and Lithuania respectively.
Question: Which third-highest-ranking al-Qaeda officer was captured?
Sentence: Zubaydah is said to have been a high-ranking al-Qaeda official with the title of operations chief and in charge of running al-Qaeda training camps.
Question: Where are the rotifera most prominent?
Sentence: These were originally considered some of the most primitive Bilateria, but it now appears they developed from more complex ancestors.
Question: What was code pleading ultimately replaced by?
Sentence: The old English division between common law and equity courts was abolished in the federal courts by the adoption of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure in 1938; it has also been independently abolished by legislative acts in nearly all states.
Question: What became publicly available on 6 December 1991?
Sentence: The initial near-complete MPEG-1 standard (parts 1, 2 and 3) was publicly available on 6 December 1991 as ISO CD 11172.
Question: What are some inland provinces that began to develop modern, westernized education systems?
Sentence: In the 20th century, as Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Wuhan had all been occupied by the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the capital of the Republic of China had been temporary relocated to Chongqing, then a major city in Sichuan.
Question: Which campus holds the undergraduate schools, the Graduate school, and the Kellogg school of Management?
Sentence: Northwestern's Evanston campus, where the undergraduate schools, the Graduate School, and the Kellogg School of Management are located, runs north-south from Lincoln Avenue to Clark Street west of Lake Michigan along Sheridan Road.
Question: What is the estimate for the total number of protein coding genes on Earth?
Sentence: The total number of protein-coding genes (the Earth's proteome) is estimated to be 5 million sequences.
Question: How much was Kanye paid to perform in Kazakhstan?
Sentence: West was reportedly paid US$3 million for his performance.
Question: What new agency did Bush create after 9/11?
Sentence: A new cabinet-level agency called the United States Department of Homeland Security was created in November 2002 to lead and coordinate the largest reorganization of the U.S. federal government since the consolidation of the armed forces into the Department of Defense.[citation needed]
Question: In what year did the Admiralty Court hang 26 pirates in Newport, Rhode Island?
Sentence: The largest single execution in United States history was the hanging of 38 American Indians convicted of murder and rape during the Dakota War of 1862.
Question: What republic did the Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic become a part of?
Sentence: The Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic was transferred to the Uzbek SSR.
Question: What type of support does The Health Services Group provide?
Sentence: With few exceptions, all elements are under command of the Surgeon General for domestic support and force generation, or temporarily assigned under command of a deployed Joint Task Force through Canadian Joint Operations Command.
Question: Who formed the Grand Loge de France?
Sentence: The Grande Loge de France formed under the Grand Mastership of the Duke of Clermont, who exercised only nominal authority.
Question: In what year was Paul Vi's final counsel session?
Sentence: The Council was concluded on 8 December 1965, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception.
Question: Baptists have issued what without considering them to be creeds?
Sentence: Baptists, like other Christians, are defined by doctrine—some of it common to all orthodox and evangelical groups and a portion of it distinctive to Baptists.
Question: In what year were the first performances of Diagheliv's Ballet Russes?
Sentence: In middle of the 19th century, there were three other active and competing opera houses: the Opéra-Comique (which still exists), Théâtre-Italien, and Théâtre Lyrique (which in modern times changed its profile and name to Théâtre de la Ville).
Question: How many people died in the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire?
Sentence: In 1904, the steamship General Slocum caught fire in the East River, killing 1,021 people on board.
Question: What tool does DNA based diagnostics use?
Sentence: These methods also allow the detection and identification of "viable but nonculturable" cells that are metabolically active but non-dividing.
Question: From whom are several Somali clans descended?
Sentence: Another plausible etymology proposes that the term Somali is derived from the Arabic for "wealthy" (dhawamaal), again referring to Somali riches in livestock.
Question: Who financed Studio Misr?
Sentence: Egyptian cinema became a regional force with the coming of sound.
Question: If a tree starts forming heartwood right away, will its sapwood layer be thin or thick?
Sentence: This is evidenced by the fact that a tree can thrive with its heart completely decayed.
Question: What is a term that collectively refers to Northumbrian and Mercian?
Sentence: Mercian and Northumbrian are together referred to as Anglian.
Question: Who rewarded contributions to the arts and sciences?
Sentence: There is also the related British Empire Medal, whose recipients are affiliated with, but not members of, the order.
Question: How idealistic were samurai?
Sentence: in 1905, studies of Kobudo and traditional Budō indicate that the samurai were as practical on the battlefield as were any other warrior.
Question: What year was Whitehead born?
Sentence: Whitehead was apparently not particularly close with his mother, as he never mentioned her in any of his writings, and there is evidence that Whitehead's wife, Evelyn, had a low opinion of her.
Question: What calendar was used in the reform to create the Gregorian calendar?
Sentence: The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582.
Question: What type of music is House based on?
Sentence: While house displayed several characteristics similar to disco music, it was more electronic and minimalistic, and the repetitive rhythm of house was more important than the song itself.
Question: How many UEFA Super Cup wins does the Barcelona team have?
Sentence: The club has a long-standing rivalry with Real Madrid; matches between the two teams are referred to as El Clásico.
Question: Where did Buddhism spread?
Sentence: In Asia, the spread of Buddhism led to large-scale ongoing translation efforts spanning well over a thousand years.
Question: What emergency session was called by Stalin?
Sentence: On 25 September, Seoul was recaptured by South Korean forces.
Question: How many vice presidents do most universities have?
Sentence: However, many public universities in the world have a considerable degree of financial, research and pedagogical autonomy.
Question: Which song did Bowersox cover for her first release?
Sentence: This is the first season where neither finalist achieved significant album sales.
Question: How many radio studios is BYU BYU Broadcasting Technical Operations Center home to?
Sentence: The BYU Broadcasting Technical Operations Center is home to three television production studios, two television control rooms, radio studios, radio performance space, and master control operations.
Question: What does gram-positive bacteria have?
Sentence: Gram-positive bacteria possess a thick cell wall containing many layers of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids.
Question: Beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus are examples of what?
Sentence: Shared doctrines would include beliefs about one God; the virgin birth; miracles; atonement for sins through the death, burial, and bodily resurrection of Jesus; the Trinity; the need for salvation (through belief in Jesus Christ as the son of God, his death and resurrection, and confession of Christ as Lord); grace; the Kingdom of God; last things (eschatology) (Jesus Christ will return personally and visibly in glory to the earth, the dead will be raised, and Christ will judge everyone in righteousness); and evangelism and missions.
Question: Who hosted American Idol in its last season?
Sentence: Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.
Question: In what country other than the U.S. did Bell try to patent his telegraph?
Sentence: Since he had agreed to share U.S. profits with his investors Gardiner Hubbard and Thomas Sanders, Bell requested that an associate in Ontario, George Brown, attempt to patent it in Britain, instructing his lawyers to apply for a patent in the U.S. only after they received word from Britain (Britain would issue patents only for discoveries not previously patented elsewhere).
Question: What law imposed a high tax on gin shops and resulted in riots?
Sentence: It forced distillers to sell only to licensed retailers and brought gin shops under the jurisdiction of local magistrates.
Question: What is Sacks' career?
Sentence: The home of Williams' character was shot not far from Sacks' actual City Island residence.
Question: Name another example of a heavy isotope.
Sentence: Familiar examples of such processes include nuclear decay, in which energy is released that was originally "stored" in heavy isotopes (such as uranium and thorium), by nucleosynthesis, a process ultimately using the gravitational potential energy released from the gravitational collapse of supernovae, to store energy in the creation of these heavy elements before they were incorporated into the solar system and the Earth.
Question: What is the name of the Eton club for musical interests?
Sentence: Societies tend to come and go, of course, depending on the special enthusiasms of the masters and boys in the school at the time, but some have been in existence many years.
Question: Why was the transition to a new union difficult
Sentence: To quell uprisings Charles V was struggling to exert his power over the citizens of the city, who had struggled to gain a certain level of independence from the bishops and were not willing to cede this to their new lord.
Question: In which decade did wrestling start becoming very popular?
Sentence: Particularly since the 1950s, pro wrestling events have frequently been responsible for sellout crowds at large arenas, including Madison Square Garden, as well as football stadiums, by promotions including the WWE, the NWA territory system, WCW, and AWA.
Question: Which mandolin is commin in American Folk music and blue grass music?
Sentence: Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music.