xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: The members of what clan gradually replaced the Fujiwaras?
Sentence: While the Fujiwara fell into disputes among themselves and formed northern and southern factions, the insei system allowed the paternal line of the imperial family to gain influence over the throne.
Question: What's the largest retail center in Southampton?
Sentence: A further part of the redevelopment of the West Quay site resulted in a new store, opened on 12 February 2009, for Swedish home products retailer IKEA.
Question: How did most Georgian design styles disseminate?
Sentence: But most buildings were still designed by builders and landlords together, and the wide spread of Georgian architecture, and the Georgian styles of design more generally, came from dissemination through pattern books and inexpensive suites of engravings.
Question: To what can the dissent among Catholics be attributed to during Paul VI's papacy?
Sentence: Conservatives complained, that "women wanted to be priests, priests wanted to get married, bishops became regional popes and theologians claimed absolute teaching authority.
Question: What capability is spread through the growth ring in ring-porous species?
Sentence: In diffuse-porous woods the pores are evenly sized so that the water conducting capability is scattered throughout the growth ring instead of being collected in a band or row.
Question: What is summoned by the Desfile de Llamadas parade?
Sentence: The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March.
Question: What seaport did the British-French attack with steamers and gunboats?
Sentence: On 21 May 1855, the gunboats and armed steamers attacked the seaport of Taganrog, the most important hub near Rostov on Don.
Question: Why are the use of rifles banned?
Sentence: Specific seasons for bow hunting or muzzle-loading black-powder guns are often established to limit competition with hunters using more effective weapons.
Question: What decided where the bank was to be located?
Sentence: Its location in the city is fixed by the Amsterdam Treaty.
Question: Where did Hume say people's ideas come from?
Sentence: To remember or to imagine such impressions is to have an "idea".
Question: The house which is the core of Buckingham was first built for who?
Sentence: Sheffield's leasehold on the mulberry garden site, the freehold of which was still owned by the royal family, was due to expire in 1774.
Question: Who forbid to all servants of God hunting?
Sentence: Thus the Corpus Juris Canonici (C. ii, X, De cleric.
Question: Who was a notable female French author of this period?
Sentence: Much literature remained religious in character, and although a great deal of it continued to be written in Latin, a new demand developed for saints' lives and other devotional tracts in the vernacular languages.
Question: How many buses does the region have for public transit?
Sentence: Metrobus Transit is responsible for public transit in the region.
Question: What do the vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in?
Sentence: The vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in long strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Question: What are early Greek philosophers known as?
Sentence: The earliest Greek philosophers, known as the pre-Socratics, provided competing answers to the question found in the myths of their neighbors: "How did the ordered cosmos in which we live come to be?"
Question: Who did Hayk defeat?
Sentence: Armenians in the diaspora informally refer to them as Hayastantsis (Հայաստանցի), meaning those that are from Armenia (that is, those born and raised in Armenia).
Question: What was the long term goal for Egypt?
Sentence: Dessouki also stated that "the real center of power in Egypt is the military".
Question: What can be shorter than 1/4 wavelength long?
Sentence: For instance, a "whip antenna" can be made significantly shorter than 1/4 wavelength long, for practical reasons, and then resonated using a so-called loading coil.
Question: What is the population of the London Metropolitan Region?
Sentence: The extended area known as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration, comprises a total area of 8,382 square kilometres (3,236 sq mi) has a population of 13,709,000 and a population density of 1,510 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,900/sq mi).
Question: Where is the L'Americain hotel?
Sentence: Bond travels to Austria to find White, who is dying of thallium poisoning.
Question: Who wrapped a Tibetan flag around her body and later waved it?
Sentence: One woman had an orange sign that said, "Olympic flame for democracy", while a man carried a poster with a tank and the slogan "One world, two dreams".
Question: Who is credited with creating the nocturne?
Sentence: Chopin took the new salon genre of the nocturne, invented by the Irish composer John Field, to a deeper level of sophistication.
Question: In what direction did Richmond's borders expand in 1970?
Sentence: Between 1963 and 1965, there was a "downtown boom" that led to the construction of more than 700 buildings in the city.
Question: Which type of construction is more expensive?
Sentence: Once surface-mounting came into use, small-sized SMD components were used where possible, with through-hole mounting only of components unsuitably large for surface-mounting due to power requirements or mechanical limitations, or subject to mechanical stress which might damage the PCB.
Question: What are Catalan and Valencian assumed to be?
Sentence: There are two institutions regulating the two standard varieties, the Institute of Catalan Studies in Catalonia and the Valencian Academy of the Language in Valencia.
Question: Who initiated the scrutiny of the educational system in 1976?
Sentence: He went on to list the areas he felt needed closest scrutiny: the case for a core curriculum, the validity and use of informal teaching methods, the role of school inspection and the future of the examination system.
Question: What was seen as the behind the Roman influence in the east?
Sentence: Historians see the growing Roman influence over the east, as with the west, as not a matter of intentional empire-building, but constant crisis management narrowly focused on short-term goals within a highly unstable, unpredictable, and inter-dependent network of alliances and dependencies.
Question: Which Alaskan native starred in a film also set in Alaska?
Sentence: One of the most prominent movies filmed in Alaska is MGM's Eskimo/Mala The Magnificent, starring Alaska Native Ray Mala.
Question: To what four peoples did the settlement of Portugal give rise?
Sentence: The early history of Portugal is shared with the rest of the Iberian Peninsula located in South Western Europe.
Question: What is the name of a location in Spectre which draws its inspiration from an Ian Fleming short story?
Sentence: Bond's torture by Blofeld mirrors his torture by the title character of Kingsley Amis' continuation novel Colonel Sun.[citation needed]
Question: What body enforced pubs' closing hours under the Defence of the Realm Act?
Sentence: Opening for the full licensed hours was compulsory, and closing time was equally firmly enforced by the police; a landlord might lose his licence for infractions.
Question: What was the colonial experience for Africans described as?
Sentence: There were many documented instances of material and moral conditions deteriorating for native Africans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries under European colonial rule, to the point where the colonial experience for them has been described as "hell on earth."
Question: Who was at the forefront of the fight to change the laws on defective products?
Sentence: In 1963, Roger J. Traynor of the Supreme Court of California threw away legal fictions based on warranties and imposed strict liability for defective products as a matter of public policy in the landmark case of Greenman v. Yuba Power Products.
Question: What replaced the UB 2?
Sentence: Similar systems were adopted in other countries and for example the later Sperry device, designated M3A3 in the US was also used by Britain as the Predictor AA
Question: What was the name of the island the English traded to the Dutch in return for New Amsterdam?
Sentence: Several intertribal wars among the Native Americans and some epidemics brought on by contact with the Europeans caused sizable population losses for the Lenape between the years 1660 and 1670.
Question: What year was the Grace Memorial Bridge built?
Sentence: The Arthur Ravenel Jr. Bridge across the Cooper River opened on July 16, 2005, and was the second-longest cable-stayed bridge in the Americas at the time of its construction.[citation needed]
Question: Who were liberators of oppressed Balkan states?
Sentence: The Russians were suddenly liberators of oppressed Balkan states.
Question: Polymophism species have different forms or what else?
Sentence: Polymorphism is where a species may have different morphs or forms, as in the oblong winged katydid, which has four different varieties: green, pink and yellow or tan.
Question: Who was responsible for the invention of the seismometer?
Sentence: To address the problem of slowed timekeeping in the pressure head of the inflow water clock, Zhang was the first in China to install an additional tank between the reservoir and inflow vessel.
Question: When verse was the third mention?
Sentence: The first recorded use of the term (or its cognates in other languages) is in the New Testament, in Acts 11:26, after Barnabas brought Saul (Paul) to Antioch where they taught the disciples for about a year, the text says: "[...] the disciples were called Christians first in Antioch."
Question: How much is a fall deduction?
Sentence: The gymnast's difficulty score is based on what elements they perform and is subject to change if they do not perform or complete all the skills, or they do not connect a skill meant to be connected to another.
Question: What style did architect James Gamble Rogers use for the principal buildings on the new Chicago campus?
Sentence: In addition to the Ward Building, Rogers designed Wieboldt Hall to house facilities for the School of Commerce and Levy Mayer Hall to house the School of Law.
Question: What did Chancellor Willy Brandt propose in his  28 October 1969 address?
Sentence: After two years of work, the experts delivered their report in 1973.
Question: Which philosopher argued homosexuality did not exist as an idenity in the eighteenth century?
Sentence: In 1976, philosopher and historian Michel Foucault argued in The History of Sexuality that homosexuality as an identity did not exist in the eighteenth century; that people instead spoke of "sodomy," which referred to sexual acts.
Question: Gothic architecture is known for being commonly used in cathedrals and churches, what is one example of a lesser known type of structure in which Gothic architecture has been used?
Sentence: Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and churches of Europe.
Question: What is the special marking that shows messages can be shared with these other five countries?
Sentence: There is a special communications marking that signals that intelligence-related messages can be shared with these four countries.
Question: Which theater company was founded by several Northwestern alumni in 1988?
Sentence: Chicago's Lookingglass Theatre Company, for example, which began life in the Great Room in Jones Residential College, was founded in 1988 by several alumni, including David Schwimmer; in 2011, it won the Regional Tony Award.
Question: In what type of climate does clothing protect against sunburn and wind damage?
Sentence: In hot climates, clothing provides protection from sunburn or wind damage, while in cold climates its thermal insulation properties are generally more important.
Question: Which former president of Def Jam called Beyonce the greatest entertainer alive?
Sentence: The ex-President of Def Jam L.A. Reid has described Beyoncé as the greatest entertainer alive.
Question: Which blogger calling for demonstrations was arrested for tax evasion?
Sentence: Prior to the rally, seven anti-China protestors were arrested in Hanoi after unfurling a banner and shouting "Boycott the Beijing Olympics" through a loudhailer at a market.
Question: What two factors cause asthma?
Sentence: It may also be classified as atopic or non-atopic where atopy refers to a predisposition toward developing a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction.
Question: When did the Jiajing Emperor reign?
Sentence: During the reign of the Jiajing Emperor (r. 1521–1567), the native Chinese ideology of Daoism was fully sponsored at the Ming court, while Tibetan Vajrayana and even Chinese Buddhism were ignored or suppressed.
Question: Which colony did the Dutch abandon the island for?
Sentence: The Dutch Republic formally made claim to Saint Helena in 1633, although there is no evidence that they ever occupied, colonised or fortified it.
Question: What concerns for the religions institutions are there?
Sentence: There is a concern for religious institutions becoming active in the political sphere.
Question: During what span was there a famine in the Soviet Union?
Sentence: Many regions in Russia were affected by the Soviet famine of 1932–1933: Volga; Central Black Soil Region; North Caucasus; the Urals; the Crimea; part of Western Siberia; and the Kazak ASSR.
Question: What was Valencia's population in 1860?
Sentence: Electricity was introduced to Valencia in 1882.
Question: What does the low virulence of HIV allow victims to do?
Sentence: As a result, the victims of this disease do not have the opportunity to travel very far from the initial infection zone.
Question: Declaration that decrees are not severe was done by who?
Sentence: x) declared that such synodal decrees are not too severe, as an absolute prohibition of hunting is more conformable to the ecclesiastical law.
Question: The house which is the core of Buckingham was first built for who?
Sentence: The house which forms the architectural core of the palace was built for the first Duke of Buckingham and Normanby in 1703 to the design of William Winde.
Question: What is the name of the festival celebrated in Eastern Orthodox nations during the last week before Great Lent?
Sentence: In Eastern Orthodox nations, Maslenitsa is celebrated during the last week before Great Lent.
Question: What Church did Victoria consider herself aligned with?
Sentence: She preferred short, simple services, and personally considered herself more aligned with the presbyterian Church of Scotland than the episcopal Church of England.
Question: Who was the 'father of Armenian history'?
Sentence: As Armenian history of the 1920s and of the Genocide came to be more openly discussed, writers like Paruyr Sevak, Gevork Emin, Silva Kaputikyan and Hovhannes Shiraz began a new era of literature.
Question: When did "Operation Detachment" occur?
Sentence: The battle of Iwo Jima ("Operation Detachment") in February 1945 was one of the bloodiest battles fought by the Americans in the Pacific War.
Question: How long did one Arctic tern take to migrate?
Sentence: The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea has the longest-distance migration of any bird, and sees more daylight than any other, moving from its Arctic breeding grounds to the Antarctic non-breeding areas.
Question: What is Chamame?
Sentence: Chamame is a popular musical style.
Question: When The Times was bought in 1982, who resigned as editor?
Sentence: After 14 years as editor, William Rees-Mogg resigned the post upon completion of the change of ownership.
Question: What was one issue of a lack of industry standards?
Sentence: A number of 78 rpm record producers as well as early LP makers also cut their records to the NAB/NARTB lateral standard.
Question: Tito Square is located in what Slovenian city?
Sentence: Slovenia has several streets and squares named after Tito, notably Tito Square in Velenje, incorporating a 10-meter statue.
Question: When was the Wu state created?
Sentence: In the late period of Shang dynasty, Taibo of Zhou came to Jiangnan and established Wu state, and the first stop is in Nanjing area according to some historians based on discoveries in Taowu and Hushu culture.
Question: What scenes were popular in art during the Middle Ages?
Sentence: Cultural depictions of dogs in art extend back thousands of years to when dogs were portrayed on the walls of caves.
Question: Where was Nasser believed to be a spokesman for the poor and oppressed?
Sentence: Egyptian political scientist Mahmoud Hamad wrote that, prior to 1956, Nasser had consolidated control over Egypt's military and civilian bureaucracies, but it was only after the canal's nationalization that he gained near-total popular legitimacy and firmly established himself as the "charismatic leader" and "spokesman for the masses not only in Egypt, but all over the Third World".
Question: What causes the decrease of capacitance in ceramic capacitors as they age?
Sentence: In ceramic capacitors, this is caused by degradation of the dielectric.
Question: How does central Catalan behave with the groups?
Sentence: Also, usually Central Catalan acts as an innovative element.
Question: What happens to software after a major change in code that leads to regression??
Sentence: Regression testing is typically the largest test effort in commercial software development, due to checking numerous details in prior software features, and even new software can be developed while using some old test-cases to test parts of the new design to ensure prior functionality is still supported.
Question: In the film Evita, who did Madonna play?
Sentence: In Evita (1996), Madonna played the title role of Eva Perón.
Question: When was the "Stupid Motorist Law" passed?
Sentence: Arizona traffic code Title 28-910, the so-called "Stupid Motorist Law", was instituted in 1995 to discourage people from entering flooded roadways.
Question: Who persecuted the Anabaptists in the 16th century?
Sentence: The name Anabaptist, meaning "one who baptizes again", was given them by their persecutors in reference to the practice of re-baptizing converts who already had been baptized as infants.
Question: What is being debated in Utrecht
Sentence: An ongoing debate is over whether any building in or near the centre of town should surpass the Dom Tower in height (112 m).
Question: What's the joint project of TU Clausthal, TU Braunschweig, and the University of Hanover called?
Sentence: Some universities in Germany can also be seen as institutes of technology due to comprising a wide spread of technical sciences and having a history as a technical university.
Question: What show did Kanye perform a spoof about the incident at the MTV Europe Awards?
Sentence: He later spoofed the incident on the 33rd season premiere of Saturday Night Live in September 2007.
Question: What Texas city was Dell's headquarters previously in?
Sentence: Dell previously had its headquarters in the Arboretum complex in northern Austin, Texas.
Question: Which pole is located in Antarctica?
Sentence: or /ænˈtɑːtɪkə/ or /ænˈɑːtɪkə/)[Note 1] is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole.
Question: Who are the leaders of each house given the responsibility of informing their group of the governor-generals actions?
Sentence: Now, the bill is sent to the governor-general's residence by the house in which it originated.
Question: Joining Merriam-Webster's and the Oxford dictionary, the older form of the phrase without the "s" is still listed first in what dictionary?
Sentence: Nevertheless, even dictionaries such as Merriam-Webster's, American Heritage, and Oxford, which describe actual usage instead of prescribing outdated usage (and therefore also list the newer form), still list the older form first.
Question: Modern historians have been over lenient towards what?
Sentence: Bradbury takes a moderate line, but suggests that in recent years modern historians have been overly lenient towards John's numerous faults.
Question: What name does the Quran use for itself that means "revelation"?
Sentence: Other related words are: dhikr (remembrance), used to refer to the Quran in the sense of a reminder and warning, and ḥikmah (wisdom), sometimes referring to the revelation or part of it.
Question: What did John attempt to relieve in late 1203?
Sentence: In late 1203, John attempted to relieve Château Gaillard, which although besieged by Philip was guarding the eastern flank of Normandy.
Question: When did Tito first visit India?
Sentence: Tito visited India from December 22, 1954 through January 8, 1955.
Question: What policy did Hitler hope the bombing of Allies would cause?
Sentence: Hitler was much more attracted to the political aspects of bombing.
Question: Who prevented slaveholders from being appointed missionaries?
Sentence: The Methodist Episcopal Church, South had recently separated over the issue of slavery, and southern Presbyterians would do so shortly thereafter.
Question: What was the WSH program launched in 2005
Sentence: The Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WSH) program of the Gates Foundation was launched in mid-2005 as a "Learning Initiative," and became a full-fledged program under the Global Development Division in early 2010.
Question: What is the Duchy of Lancaster?
Sentence: It has landholdings throughout the region and elsewhere, operating as a property company, but also exercising the right of the Crown in the County Palatine of Lancaster.
Question: What pigment was made by soaking copper plates in fermenting wine?
Sentence: They also used the pigment verdigris, made by soaking copper plates in fermenting wine.
Question: Between which two lines of latitude is the Congo located?
Sentence: Congo is located in the central-western part of sub-Saharan Africa, along the Equator, lying between latitudes 4°N and 5°S, and longitudes 11° and 19°E.
Question: How much money has been funded to the renovation of Wrigley Field?
Sentence: In 2013, Tom Ricketts and team president Crane Kenney unveiled plans for a five-year, $575 million privately funded renovation of Wrigley Field.
Question: What is the span of population density per million square kilometers of researchers in Antarctica?
Sentence: The number of people conducting and supporting scientific research and other work on the continent and its nearby islands varies from about 1,000 in winter to about 5,000 in the summer, giving it a population density between 70 and 350 inhabitants per million square kilometres (180 and 900 per million square miles) at these times.
Question: How many forms of personal pronouns are there in Catalan?
Sentence: The morphology of Catalan personal pronouns is complex, specially in unstressed forms, which are numerous (13 distinct forms, compared to 11 in Spanish or 9 in Italian).
Question: Where do comics usually appear?
Sentence: In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while Sunday strips have been given multiple tiers.
Question: What did the Angiosperm Phylogeny group use determine a phylogeny of flowering plants?
Sentence: Molecular analysis of DNA sequences from most families of flowering plants enabled the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group to publish in 1998 a phylogeny of flowering plants, answering many of the questions about relationships among angiosperm families and species.
Question: What was the WSH program launched in 2005
Sentence: This was because the sanitation sector was generally receiving less attention from other donors and from governments, and because the Foundation believed it had the potential to make a real difference through strategic investments.
Question: What US president was critical of Egypt's repression of Muslim Brotherhood?
Sentence: This resulted in a sharp increase in mass death sentences that arose criticism from the US president Barack Obama and the General Secretary of the UN, Ban Ki Moon.
Question: What atomic bomb test did Feynman see?
Sentence: He immersed himself in work on the project, and was present at the Trinity bomb test.