xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What manager updated the players uniforms in 1933?
Sentence: The second was 2005–06, the last season that Arsenal played at Highbury, when the team wore commemorative redcurrant shirts similar to those worn in 1913, their first season in the stadium; the club reverted to their normal colours at the start of the next season.
Question: What Korean word was derived from the Japanese word for manga?
Sentence: Many cultures have taken their words for comics from English, including Russian (Russian: Комикс, komiks) and German (comic).
Question: How often is the Berlin International Film Festival held?
Sentence: In 2002 the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film went to Caroline Link's Nowhere in Africa, in 2007 to Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck's The Lives of Others.
Question: In what year were free persons first listed individually in the US census?
Sentence: For the first time, free persons were listed individually instead of by head of household.
Question: Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?
Sentence: In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks.
Question: What has the Houston ship channel served to promote into success?
Sentence: In the United States, the port ranks first in international commerce and tenth among the largest ports in the world.
Question: Where is the Thomson River Dam located?
Sentence: Water is stored in a series of reservoirs located within and outside the Greater Melbourne area.
Question: How early were electrically recorded discs made available for purchase?
Sentence: Victor and Columbia licensed the new electrical system from Western Electric and began issuing electrically recorded discs in 1925.
Question: What squadron was Saint Helena a provisioning station for?
Sentence: In 1840, St Helena became a provisioning station for the British West Africa Squadron, preventing slavery to Brazil (mainly), and many thousands of slaves were freed on the island.
Question: Aristotle thought what would fill any rarity that might give rise to a void?
Sentence: Following Plato, even the abstract concept of a featureless void faced considerable skepticism: it could not be apprehended by the senses, it could not, itself, provide additional explanatory power beyond the physical volume with which it was commensurate and, by definition, it was quite literally nothing at all, which cannot rightly be said to exist.
Question: At what age did Bell ask for a middle name?
Sentence: For his 11th birthday, his father acquiesced and allowed him to adopt the name "Graham", chosen out of respect for Alexander Graham, a Canadian being treated by his father who had become a family friend.
Question: What Team was composed of Eritrean, Canadian, American, Dutch and French scientists?
Sentence: It is believed that the area was on the route out of Africa that some scholars suggest was used by early humans to colonize the rest of the Old World.
Question: What did Uesugi encourage?
Sentence: and who advocated the "way of the warrior as death".
Question: Why do scholars say the times are different depending on the gospel it's written in?
Sentence: Scholars have presented a number of arguments to deal with the issue, some suggesting a reconciliation, e.g., based on the use of Roman timekeeping in John but not in Mark, yet others have rejected the arguments.
Question: Who replaced Bateman's successor?
Sentence: Samuelson was succeeded by Kevin J Worthen in 2014.
Question: When did Microsoft make the existence of Windows 8.1 with Bing OEM SKU official?
Sentence: On April 2, 2014, Microsoft ultimately announced that it would be removing license fees entirely for devices with screens smaller than 9 inches, and officially confirmed the rumored "Windows 8.1 with Bing" OEM SKU on May 23, 2014.
Question: During what time did cotton become widely used in India?
Sentence: Between 2000 and 1000 BC cotton became widespread across much of India.
Question: When are glacial moraines visible?
Sentence: Less apparent are ground moraines, also called glacial drift, which often blankets the surface underneath the glacier downslope from the equilibrium line.
Question: What percentage of those people taking the test were African American?
Sentence: The test gave 17 whites and two Hispanics the possibility of immediate promotion.
Question: What did the separation of Pangaea cause to become extinct?
Sentence: The divided world would give opportunity for the diversification of new dinosaurs.
Question: what years was the club The warehouse open?
Sentence: After the Warehouse closed in 1983, the crowds went to Knuckles' new club, The Power Plant.
Question: What was the term for hymns sung to Apollo?
Sentence: As the leader of the Muses (Apollon Musegetes) and director of their choir, Apollo functioned as the patron god of music and poetry.
Question: Who hosted the party whre Chopin met George Sand?
Sentence: Sand, in a letter to Grzymała of June 1838, admitted strong feelings for the composer and debated whether to abandon a current affair in order to begin a relationship with Chopin; she asked Grzymała to assess Chopin's relationship with Maria Wodzińska, without realising that the affair, at least from Maria's side, was over.
Question: How tall is Mount Olympus?
Sentence: The Pindus, a continuation of the Dinaric Alps, reaches a maximum elevation of 2,637 m (8,652 ft) at Mt. Smolikas (the second-highest in Greece) and historically has been a significant barrier to east-west travel.
Question: What are two newly renovated locations in downtown Oklahoma city?
Sentence: Downtown Oklahoma City, which has 7,600 residents, is currently seeing an influx of new private investment and large scale public works projects, which have helped to resuscitate a central business district left almost deserted by the Oil Bust of the early 1980s.
Question: Women's education common stressed which literary genre?
Sentence: Indeed, the majority of the winning entries were for poetry competitions, a genre commonly stressed in women's education.
Question: What type of of pain is visceral a division of?
Sentence: Superficial pain is initiated by activation of nociceptors in the skin or other superficial tissue, and is sharp, well-defined and clearly located.
Question: What city did Bell arrive at by train?
Sentence: After a brief stay with the Hendersons, the Bell family purchased a farm of 10.5 acres (42,000 m2) at Tutelo Heights (now called Tutela Heights), near Brantford, Ontario.
Question: What is specifically produced for collectors?
Sentence: Future minting of such coins will be made solely for collectors.
Question: How many sub-districts are there?
Sentence: Districts are further divided into fifteen sub-districts known as nafot (נפות; singular: nafa), which are themselves partitioned into fifty natural regions.
Question: What major problem is the CAF trying to address currently?
Sentence: The poll found that nearly two thirds of Canadians agreed with the country's participation in the invasion of Afghanistan, and that the military should be stronger, but also that the purpose of the forces should be different, such as more focused on responding to natural disasters.
Question: What made acquiring targets and aiming more required?
Sentence: When the war ended, it was clear that the increasing capabilities of aircraft would require better means of acquiring targets and aiming at them.
Question: What is the most narrow grouping of a plant?
Sentence: The scientific name of a plant represents its genus and its species within the genus, resulting in a single world-wide name for each organism.
Question: What was the multi day of remembrance for the dead?
Sentence: They had become one of the di Manes, who were collectively celebrated and appeased at the Parentalia, a multi-day festival of remembrance in February.
Question: When did Kashani and others make their statement regarding the similarities for C4c distributions?
Sentence: A route through Beringia is seen as more likely than the Solutrean hypothesis.
Question: Why was the term transistor used?
Sentence: The term transistor was coined by John R. Pierce as a contraction of the term transresistance.
Question: When did the creators have the idea for youtube?
Sentence: According to a story that has often been repeated in the media, Hurley and Chen developed the idea for YouTube during the early months of 2005, after they had experienced difficulty sharing videos that had been shot at a dinner party at Chen's apartment in San Francisco.
Question: In what year did investment in renewables exceed fossils?
Sentence: Global solar and wind energy installed capacities continued to expand even though new investments in these technologies declined during 2012.
Question: What expressions are utilized when is really implied to be a longer expression?
Sentence: Along the same lines, shorthand expressions such as "a subset of the group G" or "an element of group G" are used when what is actually meant is "a subset of the underlying set G of the group (G, •)" or "an element of the underlying set G of the group (G, •)".
Question: How many regions exist in Greece since 2011?
Sentence: Since the Kallikratis programme reform entered into effect on 1 January 2011, Greece has consisted of thirteen regions subdivided into a total of 325 municipalities.
Question: Tahitian and Tongan are two examples of indigenous peoples of what descent?
Sentence: In Alaska, indigenous peoples belong to 11 cultures with 11 languages.
Question: What is C4c deeply rooted in the Asian portion of?
Sentence: Taking into account that C4c is deeply rooted in the Asian portion of the mtDNA phylogeny and is indubitably of Asian origin, the finding that C4c and X2a are characterized by parallel genetic histories definitively dismisses the controversial hypothesis of an Atlantic glacial entry route into North America."
Question: How do birds store energy?
Sentence: The storage of energy through the accumulation of fat and the control of sleep in nocturnal migrants require special physiological adaptations.
Question: Who was last in population strength?
Sentence: Census-wise, the state is placed 21st on the population chart, followed by Tripura at 22nd place.
Question: Which "yer"s were vocalized as vowels?
Sentence: It also contained a number of sound clusters which no longer exist; allowing ě (/jɛ/) after soft consonants, which has since shifted to e (/ɛ/), and allowing complex consonant clusters to be pronounced all at once rather than syllabically.
Question: Who was Gaddafi's closest friend in secondary school?
Sentence: Gaddafi was popular at school; some friends made there received significant jobs in his later administration, most notably his best friend Abdul Salam Jalloud.
Question: What is Iran ranked in the world in proved gas reserves?
Sentence: Iran has the second largest proved gas reserves in the world after Russia, with 33.6 trillion cubic metres, and third largest natural gas production in the world after Indonesia, and Russia.
Question: How long did Lord Salisbury remain as Prime Minister?
Sentence: Salisbury remained prime minister for the remainder of Victoria's reign.
Question: What was it used for?
Sentence: ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX (TeletypeWriter eXchange) network.
Question: Who did Machiavelli disdain?
Sentence: In political and historical writing Niccolò Machiavelli and his friend Francesco Guicciardini initiated a new realistic style of writing.
Question: By when were long play records discontinued?
Sentence: RCA Victor's early introduction of a long-play disc was a commercial failure for several reasons including the lack of affordable, reliable consumer playback equipment and consumer wariness during the Great Depression.
Question: What company was the owner of the 7-Eleven brand in Scandinavia?
Sentence: On 27 August 2007, Royal Dutch Shell and Reitan Group, the owner of the 7-Eleven brand in Scandinavia, announced an agreement to re-brand some 269 service stations across Norway, Sweden, Finland and Denmark, subject to obtaining regulatory approvals under the different competition laws in each country.
Question: What mistake led to the Dust Bowl?
Sentence: During the 1930s, parts of the state began suffering the consequences of poor farming practices, extended drought and high winds.
Question: When did these groups make the migration ?
Sentence: Around 1200 BC, the Dorians, another Greek-speaking people, followed from Epirus.
Question: Who did rating agencies rely on for information to rate financial innovation products?
Sentence: Similarly, the rating agencies relied on the information provided by the originators of synthetic products.
Question: How many people did Cardigan lose during the Light Brigade?
Sentence: The charge of the Light Brigade caused 278 casualties of the 700-man unit.
Question: When was the first Scottish Masonic lodge opened in Iraq?
Sentence: Nine lodges under UGLE existed by the 1950s, and a Scottish lodge was formed in 1923.
Question: Who initiated a successful price war among PC manufacturers in 1994?
Sentence: Apple's market share further struggled due to the release of the Windows 95 operating system, which unified Microsoft's formerly separate MS-DOS and Windows products.
Question: What does Arsenal report a before tax profit for 2014-15?
Sentence: Arsenal and Deloitte both list the match day revenue generated by the Emirates Stadium as £100.4m, more than any other football stadium in the world.
Question: What was displayed in Kentucky courthouses?
Sentence: On December 20, 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit ruled in the case of ACLU v. Mercer County that the continued display of the Ten Commandments as part of a larger display on American legal traditions in a Kentucky courthouse was allowed, because the purpose of the display (educating the public on American legal traditions) was secular in nature.
Question: What situation allowed Marvel to expand into more adult-themed genre stories?
Sentence: Once again, Marvel attempted to diversify, and with the updating of the Comics Code achieved moderate to strong success with titles themed to horror (The Tomb of Dracula), martial arts, (Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu), sword-and-sorcery (Conan the Barbarian, Red Sonja), satire (Howard the Duck) and science fiction (2001:
Question: THE SCN receives information from the optic nerves through what?
Sentence: A key component of the arousal system is the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), a tiny part of the hypothalamus located directly above the point at which the optic nerves from the two eyes cross.
Question: What concept is based on adherence to Masonic Landmarks, basic membership requirements, and tenets and rituals of the craft?
Sentence: Essentially, every Grand Lodge will hold that its landmarks (its requirements, tenets and rituals) are Regular, and judge other Grand Lodges based on those.
Question: What is done with Hindus after they die?
Sentence: The importance of the Bagmati also lies in the fact that Hindus are cremated on its banks, and Kirants are buried in the hills by its side.
Question: Why is the meat of geese considered fatty ?
Sentence: The flesh of meat geese is dark-coloured and high in protein, but they deposit fat subcutaneously, although this fat contains mostly monounsaturated fatty acids.
Question: Who retained indigenous language and culture after the Spanish conquest?
Sentence: Lowland indigenous peoples, mostly in the east, entered national politics through the 1990 March for Territory and Dignity organized by the CIDOB confederation.
Question: How strong was the powerful earthquake that hit Mexico City in 1985?
Sentence: On Thursday, September 19, 1985, at 7:19 am local time, Mexico City was struck by an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 on the Richter scale.
Question: Where was this origin of this redefinition ?
Sentence: There is also the theory that there was an Achaean ethnos that migrated from Asia minor to lower Thessaly prior to 2000 BC.
Question: What are painted do to city policy?
Sentence: South Tucson is actually the name of an independent, incorporated town of 1 sq mi (2.6 km2), completely surrounded by the city of Tucson, sitting just south of downtown.
Question: In what environment are bacteria being cultivated in labs?
Sentence: Growth in stirred liquid media occurs as an even cell suspension, making the cultures easy to divide and transfer, although isolating single bacteria from liquid media is difficult.
Question: What is an example of an extreme form of fear?
Sentence: Thus fear might range from mild concern to terror or shame might range from simple embarrassment to toxic shame.
Question: What characteristics has Beyonce received acclaim for?
Sentence: According to Barbara Ellen of The Guardian Beyoncé is the most in-charge female artist she's seen onstage, while Alice Jones of The Independent wrote she "takes her role as entertainer so seriously she's almost too good."
Question: From South Florida, where will All Aboard Florida stretch to?
Sentence: The first phase was planned to connect Orlando and Tampa and was offered federal funding, but it was turned down by Governor Rick Scott in 2011.
Question: What was the old name for the geographical region that's now Belgium and Luxembourg?
Sentence: In the Southern Netherlands (now Belgium and Luxembourg) developments were different.
Question: When are most of the problems created that might result in an otherwise valid treaty being rejected as a binding international agreement?
Sentence: There are several reasons an otherwise valid and agreed upon treaty may be rejected as a binding international agreement, most of which involve problems created at the formation of the treaty.[citation needed]
Question: What is the first song released by Jordin Sparks after winning American Idol?
Sentence: This season also saw the launch of the American Idol Songwriter contest which allows fans to vote for the "coronation song".
Question: What did Wrigley construct on the island to house the Cubs in Spring training?
Sentence: Wrigley constructed a ballpark on the island to house the Cubs in spring training: it was built to the same dimensions as Wrigley Field.
Question: What philosophy combined with Descartes to push quantum activity in the 20th century?
Sentence: With the acquiescence of Cartesian mechanical philosophy to the "brute fact" of action at a distance, and at length, its successful reification by force fields and ever more sophisticated geometric structure, the anachronism of empty space widened until "a seething ferment" of quantum activity in the 20th century filled the vacuum with a virtual pleroma.
Question: Where did Dell configure their notebooks?
Sentence: The Wall Street Journal reported in September 2008 that "Dell has approached contract computer manufacturers with offers to sell" their plants.
Question: What on behalf of a state cannot invalidate that state's consent to a treaty?
Sentence: Consent will not be invalidated if the misunderstanding was due to the state's own conduct, or if the truth should have been evident.
Question: What are two enviromental factors?
Sentence: Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens.
Question: How many Qianhu offices were there?
Sentence: According to the official Twenty-Four Histories, the History of Ming compiled in 1739 by the subsequent Qing dynasty (1644–1912), the Ming dynasty established the "É-Lì-Sī Army-Civilian Marshal Office" (Chinese: 俄力思軍民元帥府) in western Tibet and installed the "Ü-Tsang Itinerant High Commandery" and "Amdo-Kham Itinerant High Commandery" to administer Kham.
Question: How have the bars changed over the years?
Sentence: They've been moved increasingly further apart, allowing gymnasts to perform swinging, circling, transitional, and release moves, that may pass over, under, and between the two bars.
Question: When did Napoleon win victories at Austerlitz and Jena?
Sentence: He cheated at cards, but repaid the losses; he had to win at everything he attempted.
Question: What year did Beyoncé first model for Tom Ford?
Sentence: In January 2013, GQ placed her on its cover, featuring her atop its "100 Sexiest Women of the 21st Century" list.
Question: What is the purpose of a variorum?
Sentence: The Bible and the works of William Shakespeare have often been the subjects of variorum editions, although the same techniques have been applied with less frequency to many other works, such as Walt Whitman's Leaves of Grass, and the prose writings of Edward Fitzgerald.
Question: How many mammals were known to exist up to 2006?
Sentence: According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006.
Question: Baptists have played a key role in what?
Sentence: Through the years, different Baptist groups have issued confessions of faith—without considering them to be creeds—to express their particular doctrinal distinctions in comparison to other Christians as well as in comparison to other Baptists.
Question: What term collectively describes "Firmicutes" and "Bacteroidetes" among others?
Sentence: They are essential to digestion and are also affected by food that is consumed.
Question: When did Ramanuja live?
Sentence: Ramanuja (c. 1037–1137) was the foremost proponent of the philosophy of Viśiṣṭādvaita or qualified non-dualism.
Question: What were Jehovah's Witnesses identified by in Nazi concentration camps?
Sentence: Of those, 2000 were sent to Nazi concentration camps, where they were identified by purple triangles; as many as 1200 died, including 250 who were executed.
Question: What is a football player shown before being ejected from a match?
Sentence: In the Middle Ages, a red flag announced that the defenders of a town or castle would fight to defend it, and a red flag hoisted by a warship meant they would show no mercy to their enemy.
Question: What country does he argue needs child labor to survive?
Sentence: However, in poor countries like Bangladesh, working children are essential for survival in many families, as they were in our own heritage until the late 19th century.
Question: What type of spirit does the Youth Olympic Games hope to spread?
Sentence: The YOG aims to spread the Olympic spirit and encourage sports participation.
Question: What film did Spielberg make to earn a merit badge?
Sentence: I made it and got my merit badge.
Question: What two empires did Armenia belong to in the beginning of the 5th century?
Sentence: In between the late 3rd century to early years of the 4th century, the state became the first Christian nation.
Question: In what African country did US troops participate in peacekeeping operations?
Sentence: US troops participated in a UN peacekeeping mission in Somalia beginning in 1992.
Question: What was named after the slave port of Calabar?
Sentence: Baptists were likewise active in promoting the education of former slaves; for example, Jamaica's Calabar High School, named after the slave port of Calabar, was formed by Baptist missionaries.
Question: What does Destructive testing verify?
Sentence: Destructive testing attempts to cause the software or a sub-system to fail.
Question: When were plans for Twilight Princess HD revealed?
Sentence: The game will be released in North America and Europe on March 4, 2016; in Australia on March 5, 2016; and in Japan on March 10, 2016.
Question: Where do most injuries happen?
Sentence: To avoid such injuries, and to receive a high performance score, proper technique must be used by the gymnast.
Question: Who created the circumlunar program called Zond?
Sentence: Chelomey gained favor with Khruschev by employing members of his family.
Question: The first American to travel into space was whom?
Sentence: Three weeks later, on May 5, 1961, Alan Shepard became the first American in space, launched in a ballistic trajectory on Mercury-Redstone 3, in a spacecraft he named Freedom 7.