xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Why cant artifacts from the Phoenicians be easily excavated?
Sentence: However, the remains of the Phoenician presence in the city are few and mostly preserved in the very populated center of the downtown area, making any excavation efforts costly and logistically difficult.
Question: What had the Kushans conquered much of by the time of Kanishka
Sentence: The Kushan Empire expanded out of what is now Afghanistan into the northwest of the subcontinent under the leadership of their first emperor, Kujula Kadphises, about the middle of the 1st century CE.
Question: How long was the GameCube version of Twilight Princess delayed?
Sentence: Later, the GameCube release was pushed back to a month after the launch of the Wii.
Question: What did Steve Jobs introduce on January 24, 1984?
Sentence: Since 1998, Apple has largely phased out the Macintosh name in favor of "Mac", though the product family has been nicknamed "Mac" or "the Mac" since the development of the first model.
Question: What is the title of Notre Dame's Theodore Hesburgh?
Sentence: The institute was inspired by the vision of the Rev. Theodore M. Hesburgh CSC, President Emeritus of the University of Notre Dame.
Question: Feral dogs have what Latin classification?
Sentence: Canis is a Latin word meaning dog, and the list included the dog-like carnivores: the domestic dog, wolves, foxes and jackals.
Question: To promote what characteristic is diesel oil added to asphalt for shipping?
Sentence: Diesel oil is no longer used as a release agent due to environmental concerns.
Question: Who did William IV feel was a suitable husband for Victoria?
Sentence: William IV, however, disapproved of any match with the Coburgs, and instead favoured the suit of Prince Alexander of the Netherlands, second son of the Prince of Orange.
Question: What was the cause of Lady Flora's death in July?
Sentence: At the start of her reign Victoria was popular, but her reputation suffered in an 1839 court intrigue when one of her mother's ladies-in-waiting, Lady Flora Hastings, developed an abdominal growth that was widely rumoured to be an out-of-wedlock pregnancy by Sir John Conroy.
Question: What kind of computers were Donkey Kong Country's graphics rendered on?
Sentence: With its detailed graphics, fluid animation and high-quality music, Donkey Kong Country rivaled the aesthetic quality of games that were being released on newer 32-bit CD-based consoles.
Question: How many species have ever lived on earth?
Sentence: Estimates on the number of Earth's current species range from 10 million to 14 million, of which about 1.2 million have been documented and over 86 percent have not yet been described.
Question: How was Whitehead's theory of gravitation received?
Sentence: It has been severely criticized.
Question: How did Libya's gross domestic product increase from 1969 to 1979?
Sentence: It proved an economic success; while gross domestic product had been $3.8 billion in 1969, it had risen to $13.7 billion in 1974, and $24.5 billion in 1979.
Question: How much did the new released program by the hacker cost?
Sentence: As sound scholar Jonathan Sterne notes, "An Australian hacker acquired l3enc using a stolen credit card.
Question: How long did the Sea Wolves stay in Hartford?
Sentence: While some teams have enjoyed considerable on-field and even financial success, many teams in the history of the league have enjoyed little success either on or off of the field of play.
Question: What ethnic names does Serbo-Croatian associate with?
Sentence: In the 20th century, Serbo-Croatian served as the official language of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (when it was called "Serbo-Croato-Slovenian"), and later as one of the official languages of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
Question: In which U.S. state was the oldest definitive evidence of TB found?
Sentence: The earliest unambiguous detection of M. tuberculosis involves evidence of the disease in the remains of bison in Wyoming dated to around 17,000 years ago.
Question: What is the CAP?
Sentence: An allocation from the Central Arizona Project Aqueduct (CAP), which passes more than 300 mi (480 km) across the desert from the Colorado River, has been incorporated into the city's water supply, annually providing over 20 million gallons of "recharged" water which is pumped into the ground to replenish water pumped out.
Question: The King and Queen were filmed doing what after a bombing?
Sentence: The King and Queen were filmed inspecting their bombed home, the smiling Queen, as always, immaculately dressed in a hat and matching coat seemingly unbothered by the damage around her.
Question: According to Mendelian inheritance, what is part of the cause of variations in an organism's phenotype?
Sentence: Each gene specifies a particular trait with different sequence of a gene (alleles) giving rise to different phenotypes.
Question: In what century did the papermaking process spread from China to Europe?
Sentence: Because of paper's introduction to the West through the city of Baghdad, it was first called bagdatikos.
Question: In which period did Gellius gain fame?
Sentence: Modern scholars, however, point out that Cicero (106 – 43 BCE), who was most responsible for defining and popularizing the term humanitas, in fact frequently used the word in both senses, as did his near contemporaries.
Question: What percent of asthma cases in adults are work-related?
Sentence: Many cases however are not reported or recognized as such.
Question: What term is used to describe what knots can do to affect the finish of things made from wood even when they've been painted?
Sentence: In applications where wood is painted, such as skirting boards, fascia boards, door frames and furniture, resins present in the timber may continue to 'bleed' through to the surface of a knot for months or even years after manufacture and show as a yellow or brownish stain.
Question: What is the highest resolution of video supported by youtube?
Sentence: In July 2010, YouTube announced that it had launched a range of videos in 4K format, which allows a resolution of up to 4096×3072 pixels.
Question: What event decimated urban populations in the 14th century?
Sentence: Cities were also decimated by the Black Death, but the role of urban areas as centres of learning, commerce and government ensured continued growth.
Question: What sort of credentials did Franklin S. Harris have?
Sentence: He was eventually replaced by Howard S. McDonald, who received his doctorate from the University of California.
Question: Who did the Manchu appeal to?
Sentence: The second major source of stability was the Central Asian aspect of their Manchu identity which allowed them to appeal to Mongol, Tibetan and Uighur constituents.
Question: Were Aborigines allowed to vote?
Sentence: Various state-based Aboriginal Protection Boards were established which had virtually complete control over the lives of Indigenous Australians – where they lived, their employment, marriage, education and included the power to separate children from their parents.
Question: What are they only two additions to Paris' administrative limits since 1860?
Sentence: Aside from the 20th century addition of the Bois de Boulogne, Bois de Vincennes and Paris heliport, Paris' administrative limits have remained unchanged since 1860.
Question: What artist performed the song "Forget You"?
Sentence: Adult contemporary has long characterized itself as family-friendly, but edited versions of "Perfect" by P!nk and "Forget You" by Cee Lo Green showed up in the format in 2011.
Question: What theater sits on Yale's campus?
Sentence: There is also theatre activity from the Yale School of Drama, which works through the Yale University Theatre and the student-run Yale Cabaret.
Question: What is the weather phenomena characterized by an unexpected warm wind bringing low reletive humidity to the northern Alps during rainfall in the southern Alps?
Sentence: A weather phenomenon known as the föhn (with an identical effect to the chinook wind) can occur at all times of the year and is characterised by an unexpectedly warm wind, bringing air of very low relative humidity to the north of the Alps during rainfall periods on the southern face of the Alps.
Question: Has New Mexico had a majority of Spanish speaking natives.
Sentence: The area of the former Gadsden Purchase contained a majority of Spanish-speakers until the 1940s, although the Tucson area had a higher ratio of anglophones (including Mexican Americans who were fluent in English); the continuous arrival of Mexican settlers increases the number of Spanish-speakers.
Question: Who established 1 of the first Us settlements in Florida
Sentence: Both the Spanish and French established settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success.
Question: Who was thought to have founded Cork?
Sentence: It has been proposed that, like Dublin, Cork was an important trading centre in the global Scandinavian trade network.
Question: What line used the overhead wire system first Victoria to Crystal Palace or Peckham Rye to West Noorwood?
Sentence: Victoria to Crystal Palace via Balham and West Norwood opened in May 1911.
Question: Who was thought to be influenced by continental Anabaptists?
Sentence: Gourley wrote that among some contemporary Baptist scholars who emphasize the faith of the community over soul liberty, the Anabaptist influence theory is making a comeback.
Question: Which newspaper claimed that The Sun stopped featuring topless models in 2013?
Sentence: In August 2013, The Irish Sun ended the practice of featuring topless models on Page 3.
Question: What was Minamoto's position?
Sentence: After the Genpei war of the late 12th century, a clan leader Minamoto no Yoritomo obtained the right to appoint shugo and jito, and was allowed to organize soldiers and police, and to collect a certain amount of tax.
Question: What was the inaugural year of the AFL?
Sentence: It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster, making it the third longest-running professional football league in North America, after the Canadian Football League and the National Football League.
Question: What group is conducting exploration for Rajasthan's crude oil??
Sentence: Cairn India is doing the work of exploration and extraction of crude oil in Rajasthan.
Question: How larger is Egypt?
Sentence: Most of Egypt's territory of 1,010,408 square kilometres (390,000 sq mi) lies within the Nile Valley.
Question: What army's defeats turned Gambetta to the Army of the North?
Sentence: At the Battle of St. Quentin, the Army of the North suffered a crushing defeat and was scattered, releasing thousands of Prussian soldiers to be relocated to the East.
Question: How many human languages are there?
Sentence: Languages tend to share certain properties, although there are exceptions.
Question: What was Eisenhower's title in the Operations Division?
Sentence: After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Eisenhower was assigned to the General Staff in Washington, where he served until June 1942 with responsibility for creating the major war plans to defeat Japan and Germany.
Question: Which building's reconstruction cost $82 million?
Sentence: Midtown is one of the most successful areas within Detroit to have a residential occupancy rate of 96%.
Question: What does CSTO stand for?
Sentence: It participates in NATO's Partnership for Peace (PiP) program and is in a NATO organisation called Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC).
Question: What was Canada's first police force?
Sentence: In Canada, the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary was founded in 1729, making it the first police force in present-day Canada.
Question: Which contestant had previously been arrested and charged with assault?
Sentence: Corey Clark was disqualified during the finals for having an undisclosed police record; however, he later alleged that he and Paula Abdul had an affair while on the show and that this contributed to his expulsion.
Question: What is believed to be the oldest known insect fossil?
Sentence: The oldest definitive insect fossil is the Devonian Rhyniognatha hirsti, from the 396-million-year-old Rhynie chert.
Question: What Xbox apps were bundled together?
Sentence: Games can integrate into an Xbox Live hub app, which also allows users to view their profile and gamerscore.
Question: Dogs are a source of what in some cultures?
Sentence: This impact on human society has given them the nickname "man's best friend" in the Western world.
Question: Who opposed the influx of vai forming an alliance with maine?
Sentence: Shortly after the Mane conquered the region, the Vai people of the former Mali Empire immigrated into the Grand Cape Mount region.
Question: What game accessory was similar to the NES Advantage?
Sentence: Many of these devices were modeled after earlier add-ons for the NES: the Super Scope is a light gun functionally similar to the NES Zapper (though the Super Scope features wireless capabilities) and the Super Advantage is an arcade-style joystick with adjustable turbo settings akin to the NES Advantage.
Question: What Buddhist movement has linked more than 12 million people?
Sentence: Soka Gakkai International (SGI) is a lay Buddhist movement linking more than 12 million people around the world, and is currently described as "the most diverse" and "the largest lay Buddhist movement in the world".[web 21]
Question: Where is the commander based out of?
Sentence: The commander of 2 Canadian Air Division is responsible for training and support functions.
Question: Where in the bulb is evaporated tungsten deposited when a vacuum is used?
Sentence: For bulbs that contain a vacuum, the darkening is uniform across the entire surface of the envelope.
Question: How much of JPMorgan's investment will go to blight removal?
Sentence: On May 21, 2014, JPMorgan Chase announced that it was injecting $100 million over five years into Detroit's economy, providing development funding for a variety of projects that would increase employment.
Question: John marched against who in January 1216?
Sentence: In January 1216 John marched against Alexander II of Scotland, who had allied himself with the rebel cause.
Question: How many people had their sentences commuted by State v. Santiago?
Sentence: In New Jersey and Illinois, all death row inmates had their sentences commuted to life in prison without parole when the death penalty repeal bills were signed into law.
Question: What typeface does the current iPod use?
Sentence: Apple did not develop the iPod software entirely in-house, instead using PortalPlayer's reference platform based on two ARM cores.
Question: Besides headlines, what is sentence-style capitalization often applied to?
Sentence: It may also be applied to publication titles, especially in bibliographic references and library catalogues.
Question: What army's defeats turned Gambetta to the Army of the North?
Sentence: Following the Army of the Loire's defeats, Gambetta turned to General Faidherbe's Army of the North.
Question: What percent of the Bronx is Hispanic and Latino Americans?
Sentence: Asian Americans are a small but sizable minority in the borough.
Question: Many USB host interfaces do not what?
Sentence: USB devices are also required to automatically enter ultra low-power suspend mode when the USB host is suspended.
Question: do domestic and wild geese have the same apperearance ?
Sentence: The Chinese goose is more aggressive and noisy than other geese and can be used as a guard animal to warn of intruders.
Question: What spurred the FBIs technological upgrade?
Sentence: With these developments, the FBI increased its electronic surveillance in public safety and national security investigations, adapting to the telecommunications advancements that changed the nature of such problems.
Question: How many years ago did Protestantism arrive in the province?
Sentence: Zhejiang is one of the provinces of China with the largest concentrations of Protestants, especially notable in the city of Wenzhou.
Question: Who rebuilt Westminster Abbey?
Sentence: Westminster Abbey, rebuilt in the Romanesque style by King Edward the Confessor, was one of the grandest churches in Europe.
Question: What was Henry Brown's nickname?
Sentence: After the American Revolutionary War, Richmond emerged as an important industrial center.
Question: Which team did the FC Ararat lose to in the European Cup?
Sentence: The most successful team was the FC Ararat Yerevan team of the 1970s who won the Soviet Cup in 1973 and 1975 and the Soviet Top League in 1973.
Question: What condition did Droney have?
Sentence: The inquiry ended with no charges being brought after investigators and prosecutors determined that Brooke's misstatements were pertinent to the case, but were not material enough to have affected the outcome.
Question: Which author voiced his displeasure of the morality of Darwin's views in a novel?
Sentence: French-speaking naturalists in several countries showed appreciation of the much modified French translation by Clémence Royer, but Darwin's ideas had little impact in France, where any scientists supporting evolutionary ideas opted for a form of Lamarckism.
Question: In what style was the temple to Minerva built?
Sentence: The city had commercial and political treaties with its neighbours; according to tradition, Rome's Etruscan connections established a temple to Minerva on the predominantly plebeian Aventine; she became part of a new Capitoline triad of Jupiter, Juno and Minerva, installed in a Capitoline temple, built in an Etruscan style and dedicated in a new September festival, Epulum Jovis.
Question: Changing values of n, the Boltzmann constant, or other variables resulted in learning what about Planck's law?
Sentence: To make Planck's law, which correctly predicts blackbody emissions, it was necessary to multiply the classical expression by a complex factor that involves h in both the numerator and the denominator.
Question: In what Italian village was Giovanni Battista Montini born?
Sentence: On 30 September 1897, he was baptized in the name of Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini.
Question: Who described an interaction between Jesus on the cross and women?
Sentence: For if they do these things when the wood is green, what will happen when it is dry?"[Lk.
Question: What genre uses multiple independent vocal melodies?
Sentence: During the earlier medieval period, the vocal music from the liturgical genre, predominantly Gregorian chant, was monophonic, using a single, unaccompanied vocal melody line.
Question: What animals are depicted on the Mogadishan canopies?
Sentence: However, there have been cases in the past of artistic depictions representing living creatures, such as certain ancient rock paintings in northern Somalia, the golden birds on the Mogadishan canopies, and the plant decorations on religious tombs in southern Somalia.
Question: What agency has offered acceptance of safer pesticides?
Sentence: These methods are becoming increasingly popular and often are safer than traditional chemical pesticides.
Question: When did the Montgomery Bus Boycott take place?
Sentence: Claudia Durst Johnson considers it "reasonable to believe" that the novel was shaped by two events involving racial issues in Alabama: Rosa Parks' refusal to yield her seat on a city bus to a white person, which sparked the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott, and the 1956 riots at the University of Alabama after Autherine Lucy and Polly Myers were admitted (Myers eventually withdrew her application and Lucy was expelled, but reinstated in 1980).
Question: When did Chopin visit Berlin?
Sentence: On an 1829 return trip to Berlin, he was a guest of Prince Antoni Radziwiłł, governor of the Grand Duchy of Posen—himself an accomplished composer and aspiring cellist.
Question: Carthage and Tunisia are in what general area?
Sentence: Most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek, suggesting they dominated high quality work across the empire; no doubt most ordinary craftsmen were slaves.
Question: What are patients asked to use the McGill Pain Questionnaire to indicate?
Sentence: Quality can be established by having the patient complete the McGill Pain Questionnaire indicating which words best describe their pain.
Question: Prior to the civil war in '97, how many non-Africans lived in the Republic of the Congo?
Sentence: Before the 1997 war, about 9,000 Europeans and other non-Africans lived in Congo, most of whom were French; only a fraction of this number remains.
Question: How does the 2009 Human Development Report refer to countries that rank "very high"?
Sentence: The report refers to these countries as developed countries.
Question: What all-in-one product was created in 1998 through Apple's consolidations?
Sentence: Since their transition to Intel processors in 2006, the complete lineup is entirely based on said processors and associated systems.
Question: What place did Yeezus secure on the list of 100 albums?
Sentence: The Pitchfork online music publication ranked My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy as the world's best album of the decade "so far"—between 2010 and 2014—on August 19, 2014, while Yeezus was ranked in the eighth position of a list of 100 albums.
Question: What are annelids' body cavities separated from each other by?
Sentence: Most annelids have a pair of coelomata (body cavities) in each segment, separated from other segments by septa and from each other by vertical mesenteries.
Question: Who also established this retinue as well?
Sentence: Documented proof exists of Mieszko I's successors utilizing such a retinue, as well.
Question: What battle did Germans defeat the Romans?
Sentence: Germanic peoples in Roman territory were culturally Romanized, and although much of Germany remained free of direct Roman rule, Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity by the Germans who obtained it from the Romans.
Question: What was the name of the book Wittgenstein published in 1921?
Sentence: As a result of their family relationship, Hayek became one of the first to read Wittgenstein's Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus when the book was published in its original German edition in 1921.
Question: Who manages each FBI branch?
Sentence: An executive assistant director manages each branch.
Question: What are some of the languages that Victoria studied?
Sentence: Her mother was extremely protective, and Victoria was raised largely isolated from other children under the so-called "Kensington System", an elaborate set of rules and protocols devised by the Duchess and her ambitious and domineering comptroller, Sir John Conroy, who was rumoured to be the Duchess's lover.
Question: Eye gaze, vocalization and body posture are examples of what?
Sentence: Dog communication is about how dogs "speak" to each other, how they understand messages that humans send to them, and how humans can translate the ideas that dogs are trying to transmit.:xii
Question: What was the first satellite for the BeiDou-1 system called?
Sentence: The first satellite, BeiDou-1A, was launched on October 31, 2000.
Question: What incorporated the Furness exclave?
Sentence: The new county of Cumbria incorporates the Furness exclave.
Question: In what area did Catalan develop?
Sentence: During the Low Middle Ages it saw a golden age as the literary and dominant language of the Crown of Aragon, and was widely used all over the Mediterranean.
Question: What context did the theory of Weiss and Cropanzano pay particular attention to?
Sentence: (1996), that looks at the causes, structures, and consequences of emotional experience (especially in work contexts).
Question: When did Kurita pass through the San Bernardino Strait?
Sentence: The Japanese retreated through the San Bernardino Strait, under continuous air attack.
Question: What congressman largely specified the job description of minority leader?
Sentence: A minority leader from 1931 to 1939, Representative Bertrand Snell, R-N.Y., provided this "job description": "He is spokesman for his party and enunciates its policies.
Question: How many unique visitors a month were tracked as of 2014?
Sentence: In 2014 YouTube said that 300 hours of new videos were uploaded to the site every minute, three times more than one year earlier and that around three quarters of the material comes from outside the U.S.