xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What Islamic state controlled southern Iberia until 1031?
Sentence: Southern Iberia remained under control of Islamic states, initially under the Caliphate of Córdoba, which broke up in 1031 into a shifting number of petty states known as taifas, who fought with the Christians until the Almohad Caliphate re-established centralised rule over Southern Iberia in the 1170s.
Question: Which individual had planned an uprising that ideally would see the death of most of the Roman senators?
Sentence: As a result, the top conspirators in Rome (including at least one former consul) were executed by authorisation (of dubious constitutionality) of the senate, and the planned uprising was disrupted.
Question: Which comic character was the first to appear in a weekly magazine?
Sentence: The most popular was Punch, which popularized the term cartoon for its humorous caricatures.
Question: How many games long was the 2011 regular season?
Sentence: The practice of playing one or two preseason exhibition games by each team before the start of the regular season was discontinued when the NBC contract was initiated, and the regular season was extended from 14 games, the length that it had been since 1996, to 16 from 2001 to 2010, and since 2016.
Question: What is dough made from barley flour called?
Sentence: Yak yogurt, butter and cheese are frequently eaten, and well-prepared yogurt is considered something of a prestige item.
Question: Which early MPEG layer used CBR?
Sentence: The software was only able to use a uniform bitrate on all frames in an MP3 file.
Question: What was a known issue of using shellac to make records?
Sentence: Breakage was very common in the shellac era.
Question: These and other differences reflect the differing design goals of what?
Sentence: However, Firewire's speed advantages rely on low-level techniques such as direct memory access (DMA), which in turn have created opportunities for security exploits such as the DMA attack.
Question: How many were injured in Sichuan?
Sentence: The earthquake left about 4.8 million people homeless, though the number could be as high as 11 million.
Question: Who was included in the list of people that the Duchess and Sir John Conroy didn't want the Princess Victoria associating with?
Sentence: The system prevented the princess from meeting people whom her mother and Conroy deemed undesirable (including most of her father's family), and was designed to render her weak and dependent upon them.
Question: If the lungs are infected by TB via bloodstream, what's the type of focus?
Sentence: All parts of the body can be affected by the disease, though for unknown reasons it rarely affects the heart, skeletal muscles, pancreas, or thyroid.
Question: USB keyboards and mice may communicate using what?
Sentence: USB mice and keyboards can usually be used with older computers that have PS/2 connectors with the aid of a small USB-to-PS/2 adapter.
Question: Homeostasis is defined as what?
Sentence: The ability of an animal to regulate the internal environment of its body—the milieu intérieur, as pioneering physiologist Claude Bernard called it—is known as homeostasis (Greek for "standing still").
Question: What event led to English temporarily losing its importance as a literary language?
Sentence: It retained its position of prestige until the time of the Norman Conquest, after which English ceased for a time to be of importance as a literary language.
Question: Voiceless stops are at times what?
Sentence: In some languages, such as English, aspiration is allophonic.
Question: What year did Fortune magazine make predictions about the increased revenue an extended daylight savings would provide?
Sentence: A 1999 study estimated that DST increases the revenue of the European Union's leisure sector by about 3%.
Question: What type of storm is a major threat to Charleston in the summer and early fall?
Sentence: The highest temperature recorded within city limits was 104 °F (40 °C), on June 2, 1985, and June 24, 1944, and the lowest was 7 °F (−14 °C) on February 14, 1899, although at the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 105 °F (41 °C) on August 1, 1999 down to 6 °F (−14 °C) on January 21, 1985.
Question: What value of a capacitor is varied when vibration moves the conducting plates?
Sentence: Vibration moves the plates, causing the capacitance to vary, in turn inducing AC current.
Question: What illnesses did Gaddafi claim would afflict invading colonialists?
Sentence: He also said that the H1N1 influenza virus was a biological weapon manufactured by a foreign military, and he assured Africans that the tsetse fly and mosquito were "God's armies which will protect us against colonialists".
Question: The entire country was being attack and Glover believe it help people to do what?
Sentence: The psychoanalysts were correct, and the special network of psychiatric clinics opened to receive mental casualties of the attacks closed due to lack of need.
Question: John Glenn's spaceship was named what when he orbited the Earth?
Sentence: Almost a year after the Soviet Union put a human into orbit, astronaut John Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth, on February 20, 1962.
Question: In what capacity did Elizabeth serve in the Auxiliary?
Sentence: As she approached her 18th birthday, parliament changed the law so that she could act as one of five Counsellors of State in the event of her father's incapacity or absence abroad, such as his visit to Italy in July 1944.
Question: The historical record attests to Jewish communities in southern Europe since what time?
Sentence: The most well supported theory is the one that details a Jewish migration through what is now Italy and other parts of southern Europe.
Question: What do people consume that has low amounts of the necessary essential fatty acids?
Sentence: In industrialized societies, people typically consume large amounts of processed vegetable oils, which have reduced amounts of the essential fatty acids along with too much of omega-6 fatty acids relative to omega-3 fatty acids.
Question: What is an example of a device that uses free space optic communications?
Sentence: This includes remote controls, such as for TVs, VCRs, and LED Computers, where infrared LEDs are often used.
Question: Who was the Prussian ruler who at first  claimed he would help Austria in its battle with France, but later refused to?
Sentence: Frederick William of Prussia initially promised to help the Austrians, but reneged before conflict began.
Question: When did the systematic study of color theory begin?
Sentence: The late nineteenth century also brought the systematic study of color theory, and particularly the study of how complementary colors such as red and green reinforced each other when they were placed next to each other.
Question: Which two philosophers contrasted "culture" with the state of nature?
Sentence: Matthew Arnold contrasted "culture" with anarchy; other Europeans, following philosophers Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, contrasted "culture" with "the state of nature".
Question: Which team did Notre Dame's football team find inspiration from?
Sentence: The Notre Dame football team has a long history, first beginning when the Michigan Wolverines football team brought football to Notre Dame in 1887 and played against a group of students.
Question: What did Whitehead believe was one of the biggest reasons materialistic thinking endured?
Sentence: Whitehead pointed to the limitations of language as one of the main culprits in maintaining a materialistic way of thinking, and acknowledged that it may be difficult to ever wholly move past such ideas in everyday speech.
Question: What is the percentage of The Sun readers who are women?
Sentence: The Sun had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail.
Question: Who did Nasser promote to armed forces commander?
Sentence: While visiting the striking officers at Military Headquarters (GHQ) to call for the mutiny's end, Nasser was initially intimidated into accepting their demands.
Question: Where did many soldiers from Hanover emigrate to?
Sentence: It was the only German army to fight against France throughout the entire Napoleonic wars.
Question: Why did publisher change the cover picture on Feynman's book?
Sentence: Concerned over the connections to drugs and rock and roll that could be made from the image, the publishers changed the cover to plain red, though they included a picture of him playing drums in the foreword.
Question: What marked the start of a new direction for Macintosh?
Sentence: The Macintosh II marked the start of a new direction for the Macintosh, as now for the first time it had an open architecture with several NuBus expansion slots, support for color graphics and external monitors, and a modular design similar to that of the IBM PC.
Question: What doctor originally turned Donda West down for her plastic surgery operation?
Sentence: Beverly Hills plastic surgeon Andre Aboolian had refused to do the surgery because West had a health condition that placed her at risk for a heart attack.
Question: How many PGA championships has Southern Hills held?
Sentence: Regular LPGA tournaments are held at Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa, and major championships for the PGA or LPGA have been played at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa, Oak Tree Country Club in Oklahoma City, and Cedar Ridge Country Club in Tulsa.
Question: Which highway is an extension of the Chrysler Freeway?
Sentence: (Reuther Freeway) runs east–west from the junction of I-96 and I-275, providing a route through the northern suburbs of Detroit.
Question: For what part of a motion picture projector did the Motion Picture Trust hold a patent?
Sentence: Based on the Latham Loop used in cameras and projectors, along with other patents, the Trust collected fees on all aspects of movie production and exhibition, and attempted to enforce a monopoly on distribution.
Question: How did Immanuel Kant describe the Enlightenment?
Sentence: Immanuel Kant called Enlightenment "man's release from his self-incurred tutelage", tutelage being "man's inability to make use of his understanding without direction from another".
Question: Who convinced Valens to let him return to Alexandria?
Sentence: This time however, Athanasius simply left for the outskirts of Alexandria, where he stayed for only a few months before the local authorities convinced Valens to retract his order of exile.
Question: What is Punjab's population?
Sentence: Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters":  listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan.
Question: What name did 3rd Street previously hold?
Sentence: The west end of these streets is Bowery and Third Avenue, except for 3rd Street (formerly Amity Place; to Sixth Avenue) and 4th Street (to 13th Street), which extend west and north, respectively, into Greenwich Village.
Question: Who planned Lafayette Park?
Sentence: Lafayette Park is a revitalized neighborhood on the city's east side, part of the Ludwig Mies van der Rohe residential district.
Question: When was the library destroyed?
Sentence: As one of the earliest centers of book-printing in Europe (see above: History), Strasbourg for a long time held a large number of incunabula—documents printed before 1500—in her library as one of her most precious heritages.
Question: What was considered unreliable?
Sentence: Airborne Interception radar (AI) was unreliable.
Question: What country is the organisation Cask Marque located?
Sentence: Cask Marque, a non-profit UK beer organisation, has set a temperature standard range of 12°–14 °C (53°–57 °F) for cask ales to be served.
Question: What did the Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection do?
Sentence: A prime example of this is The Rock 'n' Wrestling Connection of the 1980s, which combined wrestling with MTV.
Question: In what year did the European Parliament adopt a resolution to remove "race" from all official texts?
Sentence: Haney López warns that using "race" as a category within the law tends to legitimize its existence in the popular imagination.
Question: On what date was the city liberated?
Sentence: On 14 June 1940, the German army marched into Paris, which had been declared an "open city".
Question: What does PLDA stand for?
Sentence: They publish a monthly newsletter and organise different events throughout the world.
Question: What came with lesser lesser cost mobile conversion hardware or stationary hardware?
Sentence: While both systems use energy in converting higher voltage AC from the USSR's power grid to lower voltage DC, the conversions for the DC system all took place (at higher efficiency) in the railway substation, while most of the conversion for the AC system took place inside the locomotive (at lower efficiency).
Question: What could be avoided by using vertical groove cuts?
Sentence: Additionally, the problem of inner groove distortion, which plagued lateral cuts, could be avoided with the vertical cut system.
Question: When was the Kalmar Union formed?
Sentence: Norway, on the other hand, became an inferior party of the union and remained united with Denmark until 1814.
Question: Which group in Europe used Kermes dye?
Sentence: The Rubia plant was used to make the most common dye; it produced an orange-red or brick red color used to dye the clothes of merchants and artisans.
Question: What was the response of  Kliment Voroshilov in regards to further conversations with Britain and France?
Sentence: That day, Hitler told the British ambassador to Berlin that the pact with the Soviets prevented Germany from facing a two front war, changing the strategic situation from that in World War I, and that Britain should accept his demands regarding Poland.
Question: Most inhabitants of historic Moravia considered themselves as what?
Sentence: It has been alleged that among the Lemkos the idea of "Carpatho-Ruthenian" nation is supported only by Lemkos residing in Transcarpathia and abroad_^4 Most inhabitants of historic Moravia considered themselves as Czechs but significant amount declared their Moravian nationality, different from that Czech (although people from Bohemia and Moravia use the same official language).
Question: Where did synods prohibit all hunting at?
Sentence: In practice, therefore, the synodal statutes of various localities must be consulted to discover whether they allow quiet hunting or prohibit it altogether.
Question: Who searched for specifically Slavic sub-group of R1a1a [M17]?
Sentence: The team led by Peter Underhill, which discovered M458, did not consider the possibility that this was a Slavic marker, since they used the "evolutionary effective" mutation rate, which gave a date far too old to be Slavic.
Question: What was the first object to enter space?
Sentence: They would lead the team that built the Aggregate-4 (A-4) rocket, which became the first vehicle to reach outer space during its test flight program in 1942 and 1943.
Question: What did Spinoza believe the world was made of?
Sentence: St. Anselm's approach was to define God as, "that than which nothing greater can be conceived".
Question: What did St Augustine believe that funeral feasts gave an opportunity for?
Sentence: The customary offers of wine and food to the dead continued; St Augustine (following St Ambrose) feared that this invited the "drunken" practices of Parentalia but commended funeral feasts as a Christian opportunity to give alms of food to the poor.
Question: Who designed the bridge?
Sentence: Designed by I. M. Pei, the Crystal Bridge is a tropical conservatory in the area.
Question: Who was Gallus disgraced by?
Sentence: Ancient scholars, such as Servius, conjectured that the Aristaeus episode replaced, at the emperor's request, a long section in praise of Virgil's friend, the poet Gallus, who was disgraced by Augustus, and who committed suicide in 26 BC.
Question: Who was the first multiracial president elected in the US
Sentence: In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American.
Question: Who was notably influenced by John Norris?
Sentence: Collier was influenced by An Essay Towards the Theory of the Ideal or Intelligible World by "Cambridge Platonist" John Norris (1701).
Question: Who do Jehovah's Witnesses believe introduced independent thinking?
Sentence: It also warns members to "avoid independent thinking", claiming such thinking "was introduced by Satan the Devil" and would "cause division".
Question: What level of finality do mathematicians try to reach with math concepts?
Sentence: Mathematicians often strive for a complete classification (or list) of a mathematical notion.
Question: What subsequently happened after Alcatel was awarded damages?
Sentence: In November 2006, before the companies' merger, Alcatel sued Microsoft for allegedly infringing seven patents.
Question: When was Hojo Shigetoki born?
Sentence: In the 13th century, Hōjō Shigetoki (1198–1261 AD) wrote: "When one is serving officially or in the master's court, he should not think of a hundred or a thousand people, but should consider only the importance of the master."
Question: In 1797 how did the  Woodford  get to safety without firing one bullet?
Sentence: On this occasion the Indiamen also succeeded in bluffing their way to safety, and without any shots even being fired.
Question: What is the Vietnamese word for both blue and green?
Sentence: The Chinese character 青 (pronounced qīng in Mandarin, ao in Japanese, and thanh in Sino-Vietnamese) has a meaning that covers both blue and green; blue and green are traditionally considered shades of "青".
Question: When was the age limit increased to 28?
Sentence: The contestants must be legal U.S. residents, cannot have advanced to particular stages of the competition in previous seasons (varies depending on the season, currently by the semi-final stage until season thirteen), and must not hold any current recording or talent representation contract by the semi-final stage (in previous years by the audition stage).
Question: How many infants die for every 1,000 live births?
Sentence: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is rare in the country, being confined to limited geographic areas of the country.
Question: What happens if a plant looses roots or its shoots?
Sentence: In fact it is possible to grow an entire plant from a single leaf, as is the case with Saintpaulia, or even a single cell – which can dedifferentiate into a callus (a mass of unspecialised cells) that can grow into a new plant.
Question: What percentage of visitor money is estimated to be spent in London?
Sentence: London is one of the leading tourist destinations in the world and in 2015 was ranked as the most visited city in the world with over 65 million visits.
Question: What percentage of visitor money is estimated to be spent in London?
Sentence: It is also the top city in the world by visitor cross-border spending, estimated at US$20.23 billion in 2015 Tourism is one of London's prime industries, employing the equivalent of 350,000 full-time workers in 2003, and the city accounts for 54% of all inbound visitor spend in UK.
Question: Europe did not feel the need to posses territory in Africa until?
Sentence: European countries established a few coastal colonies in Africa by the mid-nineteenth century, which included Cape Colony (Great Britain), Angola (Portugal), and Algeria (France), but until the late nineteenth century Europe largely traded with free African states without feeling the need for territorial possession.
Question: Which was targeted more heavily, bomber or fighter command airfields?
Sentence: The Metropolitan-Vickers works in Manchester was targeted and 12 short tons (11 t) of bombs dropped against it.
Question: What famous form of wrestling is native to Mexico?
Sentence: Lucha libre is a Mexican style of wrestling, and is one of the more popular sports throughout the country.
Question: Which Soviet leader formed doctrine aimed at keeping socialist satellite nations in line?
Sentence: Ideologically, the Soviet Union arrogated the right to define socialism and communism and act as the leader of the global socialist movement.
Question: In what year did Cyclone Pam strike Tuvalu?
Sentence: In March 2015, the winds and storm surge created by Cyclone Pam resulted in waves of 3 metres (9.8 ft) to 5 metres (16 ft) breaking over the reef of the outer islands caused damage to houses, crops and infrastructure.
Question: Who asked why is music composed by women so marginal to the standard 'classical' repertoire?
Sentence: Almost all of the composers who are described in music textbooks on classical music and whose works are widely performed as part of the standard concert repertoire are male composers, even though there has been a large number of women composers throughout the classical music period.
Question: What will an editor do in the case where an author's work was not wiped out?
Sentence: For works where an author's manuscript survived – a case Greg had not considered –
Question: What power can help someone overcome sin?
Sentence: This idea contains the four main doctrines on the Bible: that its teaching is needed for salvation (necessity); that all the doctrine necessary for salvation comes from the Bible alone (sufficiency); that everything taught in the Bible is correct (inerrancy); and that, by the Holy Spirit overcoming sin, believers may read and understand truth from the Bible itself, though understanding is difficult, so the means used to guide individual believers to the true teaching is often mutual discussion within the church (clarity).
Question: What needs to be used to reflect light that would otherwise be wasted?
Sentence: The sapphire apparatus must be coupled with a mirror-like collector to reflect light that would otherwise be wasted.
Question: What is the primary constraint on the physical growth of an insect?
Sentence: The higher level relationship of the Hexapoda is unclear.
Question: Where do the Red Wings play?
Sentence: There are three active major sports venues within the city: Comerica Park (home of the Major League Baseball team Detroit Tigers), Ford Field (home of the NFL's Detroit Lions), and Joe Louis Arena (home of the NHL's Detroit Red Wings).
Question: What were the main components of the Release preview?
Sentence: Major items in the Release Preview included the addition of Sports, Travel, and News apps, along with an integrated version of Adobe Flash Player in Internet Explorer.
Question: How many major hardware revisions has the 360 had?
Sentence: In addition to its revised aesthetics, Xbox 360 E also has one fewer USB port and no longer supports S/PDIF.
Question: What season did Barcelona win La Liga and Supercopa de Espana?
Sentence: After the disappointment of the Gaspart era, the combination of a new young president, Joan Laporta, and a young new manager, former Dutch and Milan star Frank Rijkaard, saw the club bounce back.
Question: What Roman poet attempted to develop science in their poetry?
Sentence: Some of the earliest works we possess are of historical epics telling the early military history of Rome.
Question: Who crowned Napoleon Emperor?
Sentence: Napoleon was crowned Emperor Napoleon I on 2 December 1804 at Notre Dame de Paris by Pope Pius VII.
Question: What nations were outraged by the nationalization scheme?
Sentence: France and the UK, the largest shareholders in the Suez Canal Company, saw its nationalization as yet another hostile measure aimed at them by the Egyptian government.
Question: What does file history make possible?
Sentence: File operation dialog boxes have been updated to provide more detailed statistics, the ability to pause file transfers, and improvements in the ability to manage conflicts when copying files.
Question: How many grains of silver did the Mint Act define the dollar as?
Sentence: From 1792, when the Mint Act was passed, the dollar was defined as 371.25 grains (24.056 g) of silver.