xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What type of sugar composes part of the DNA molecule?
Sentence: The vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in long strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Question: What describes functions having antiderivatives of a prescribed form?
Sentence: Another application is differential Galois theory, which characterizes functions having antiderivatives of a prescribed form, giving group-theoretic criteria for when solutions of certain differential equations are well-behaved.u[›] Geometric properties that remain stable under group actions are investigated in (geometric) invariant theory.
Question: Along with nightclubs, beaches and shopping, what notable attraction exists in the Art Deco District?
Sentence: The Art Deco District in South Beach, is reputed as one of the most glamorous in the world for its nightclubs, beaches, historical buildings, and shopping.
Question: How can historical changes in the environment be detected?
Sentence: For example, plant phenology can be a useful proxy for temperature in historical climatology, and the biological impact of climate change and global warming.
Question: Along with the Cistercians, what new monastic order was founded in the High Middle Ages?
Sentence: These new orders were formed in response to the feeling of the laity that Benedictine monasticism no longer met the needs of the laymen, who along with those wishing to enter the religious life wanted a return to the simpler hermetical monasticism of early Christianity, or to live an Apostolic life.
Question: Who did the Hungarian nobility elect as King of Hungary?
Sentence: In an extremely unusual event for the Middle Ages, Hunyadi's son, Matthias, was elected as King of Hungary by the nobility.
Question: Which general opened the battle with artillery from the 25th Infantry Division?
Sentence: By 14:30, General Steinmetz, the commander of the First Army, unilaterally launched his VIII Corps across the Mance Ravine in which the Prussian infantry were soon pinned down by murderous rifle and mitrailleuse fire from the French positions.
Question: When was Phase II of the Miami Center Station supposed to enter service?
Sentence: Completion of the Miami Intermodal Center is expected to be completed by winter 2011, and will serve over 150,000 commuters and travelers in the Miami area.
Question: What period ran from 520-485 BC?
Sentence: It probably comes from north-eastern Peloponnesus.
Question: What is Susan Prager communication director of?
Sentence: Congressman Tom Lanto's wife and Ambassador Mark Palmer of NED.
Question: What was the topic of Von Neuman's thesis?
Sentence: This was not something that von Neumann had much knowledge of, so it was arranged for him to take a two-year non-degree course in chemistry at the University of Berlin, after which he sat the entrance exam to the prestigious ETH Zurich, which he passed in September 1923.
Question: What Wikipedia project makes use of the Old English language?
Sentence: Like other historical languages, Old English has been used by scholars and enthusiasts of later periods to create texts either imitating Anglo-Saxon literature or deliberately transferring it to a different cultural context.
Question: What department did Montini oversee when he worked with the Secretariat of State?
Sentence: As did several popes before him, he delegated the secretarial functions to the State Secretariat.
Question: Which European nationality first explored the Tennessee region?
Sentence: The first recorded European excursions into what is now called Tennessee were three expeditions led by Spanish explorers, namely Hernando de Soto in 1540, Tristan de Luna in 1559, and Juan Pardo in 1567.
Question: What is the split in the state Senate controller by the Republicans?
Sentence: The Legislative branch had split party control between the house and senate most years between 2004 and 2010, when the mid-term elections returned both branches to Republican control.
Question: Who was Jan Potocki?
Sentence: Portions of the original French-language manuscript were subsequently lost; however, the missing fragments survived in a Polish translation that was made by Edmund Chojecki in 1847 from a complete French copy, now lost.
Question: What is another name for smooth rotation?
Sentence: This mode of operation is often called microstepping.
Question: What made power distribution economically viable in Edison's lamp?
Sentence: In addressing the question of who invented the incandescent lamp, historians Robert Friedel and Paul Israel list 22 inventors of incandescent lamps prior to Joseph Swan and Thomas Edison.
Question: What is the most prominent theater in Uruguay?
Sentence: The Solís Theatre is the most prominent theatre in Uruguay and the oldest in South America.
Question: What is Punjab's biggest city?
Sentence: Punjab (Urdu, Punjabi: پنجاب, panj-āb, "five waters":  listen (help·info)), also spelled Panjab, is the most populous of the four provinces of Pakistan.
Question: What job did the Clerk of the Parliaments have during assention notifications?
Sentence: The Clerk of the Parliaments presented the bills awaiting assent to the monarch, save that supply bills were traditionally brought up by the speaker.
Question: Post World War II, in what role did Von Neumann work?
Sentence: During World War II he worked on the Manhattan Project with J. Robert Oppenheimer and Edward Teller, developing the mathematical models behind the explosive lenses used in the implosion-type nuclear weapon.
Question: What Chinese Province had the largest population until 1997?
Sentence: From 1955 until 1997 Sichuan had been China's most populous province, hitting 100 million mark shortly after the 1982 census figure of 99,730,000.
Question: Who offers post-secondary education in Cork?
Sentence: Other 3rd level institutions include Griffith College Cork, a private institution, and various other colleges.
Question: What country allied with Prussia?
Sentence: Because of Prussia's alliance with Britain, Austria formed an alliance with France, seeing an opportunity to recapture Silesia, which had been lost in a previous war.
Question: The term immunology is derived from a Latin word that means what?
Sentence: Prior to the designation of immunity from the etymological root immunis, which is Latin for "exempt"; early physicians characterized organs that would later be proven as essential components of the immune system.
Question: When did Chopin debut at Salle Pleyel ?
Sentence: After this concert, Chopin realized that his essentially intimate keyboard technique was not optimal for large concert spaces.
Question: What is the name of the empire for which Delhi served as the political and financial capital from 1649 to 1857?
Sentence: However, Delhi had served as the political and financial centre of several empires of ancient India and the Delhi Sultanate, most notably of the Mughal Empire from 1649 to 1857.
Question: Where do Manx shearwaters migrate?
Sentence: Shorter migrations are common, including altitudinal migrations on mountains such as the Andes and Himalayas.
Question: Elena Pinchuk has what kind of a foundation?
Sentence: Brian May commented, "It's a worthy challenge for us, and I'm sure Adam would meet with Freddie's approval."
Question: How many native Armenians are in Armenia today?
Sentence: Today, with a population of 3.5 million, they not only constitute an overwhelming majority in Armenia, but also in the disputed region of Nagorno-Karabakh.
Question: Who earned the fewest individual contributions as of the April 15th filing date?
Sentence: As of the April 15 filing, LaRouche had 7834 individual contributions, of those who have given cumulatively, $200 or more, as compared to 6257 for John Kerry, 5582 for John Edwards, 4090 for Howard Dean, and 2744 for Gephardt.
Question: What are two large Roman sites that still exist today in Portugal?
Sentence: Numerous Roman sites are scattered around present-day Portugal, some urban remains are quite large, like Conímbriga and Mirobriga.
Question: How much was the median income for males according to the American Community Survey?
Sentence: Males had a median income of $32,207 (+/-
Question: Who first recorded a territorial name in the region that resembles its current name Tennessee?
Sentence: The earliest variant of the name that became Tennessee was recorded by Captain Juan Pardo, the Spanish explorer, when he and his men passed through an American Indian village named "Tanasqui" in 1567 while traveling inland from South Carolina.
Question: Who is Bermuda's most popular Cricket player?
Sentence: Their most famous player is a 130 kilograms (290 lb) police officer named Dwayne Leverock.
Question: What was the profession of the man who wrote De Materia Medica?
Sentence: Another work from Ancient Greece that made an early impact on botany is De Materia Medica, a five-volume encyclopedia about herbal medicine written in the middle of the first century by Greek physician and pharmacologist Pedanius Dioscorides.
Question: What is commonly preferred by DJs vinyl or CD?
Sentence: Many electronic dance music and hip hop releases today are still preferred on vinyl; however, digital copies are still widely available.
Question: What were both Serbian and Croation standards based on?
Sentence: Since the breakup of Yugoslavia, Bosnian has likewise been established as an official standard in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and there is an ongoing movement to codify a separate Montenegrin standard.
Question: What clause are both elected officials and appointed ones covered by?
Sentence: Seven states, however, have language included in their Bill of Rights, Declaration of Rights, or in the body of their constitutions that require state office-holders to have particular religious beliefs, though some of these have been successfully challenged in court.
Question: Who can receive the Costa Book Award?
Sentence: The Man Booker Prize is awarded to authors from the Commonwealth of Nations and Ireland.
Question: How long of a running time did the Number 199 fuse have?
Sentence: In 1928 3.7-inch became the preferred solution, but it took 6 years to gain funding.
Question: The bombing of Buckingham Palace showed what to the public?
Sentence: During World War II, the palace was bombed nine times, the most serious and publicised of which resulted in the destruction of the palace chapel in 1940.
Question: Who led the Thomson-Houston Electric Company when GE was formed?
Sentence: At about the same time, Charles Coffin, leading the Thomson-Houston Electric Company, acquired a number of competitors and gained access to their key patents.
Question: When was the Communist Manifesto first created?
Sentence: Karl Marx published the Communist Manifesto in February 1848, with little attention.
Question: When did conservative churches start to increase?
Sentence: In the post–World War II era, the trend began to swing back towards the conservative camp in America's seminaries and church structures.
Question: Whose offer to buy the paper was turned down?
Sentence: IPC, under pressure from the unions, rejected Maxwell's offer, and Murdoch bought the paper for £800,000, to be paid in instalments.
Question: For whom was the Uptown District water park in Houston named?
Sentence: The Gerald D. Hines Waterwall Park—located in the Uptown District of the city—serves as a popular tourist attraction, weddings, and various celebrations.
Question: Along with Margaret Sullavan, what notable film talent left Universal after the Standard Capital takeover?
Sentence: Because the Laemmles personally oversaw production, Show Boat was released (despite the takeover) with Carl Laemmle and Carl Laemmle Jr.'s names on the credits and in the advertising campaign of the film.
Question: Which parts of speech aren't normally case-specific in Dutch?
Sentence: In the spoken language cases and case inflections had already gradually disappeared from a much earlier date on (probably the 15th century) as in many continental West Germanic dialects.
Question: What did the Prussian Army hold in Paris on 17 February?
Sentence: Bismarck honoured the armistice, by allowing train loads of food into Paris and withdrawing Prussian forces to the east of the city, prior to a full withdrawal once France agreed to pay a five billion franc war indemnity.
Question: What is the most authoritative classification in use today?
Sentence: The most authoritative classification in use today is IUCN's Classification of Direct Threats which has been adopted by major international conservation organizations such as the US Nature Conservancy, the World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, and BirdLife International.
Question: What famous Elizabethan playwright spent much of his life in London?
Sentence: Modern writers pervasively influenced by the city include Peter Ackroyd, author of a "biography" of London, and Iain Sinclair, who writes in the genre of psychogeography.
Question: When did Metrobus begin services?
Sentence: As the microbuses were removed from its route, it was hoped that the Metrobús could reduce pollution and decrease transit time for passengers.
Question: What does federal law come from?
Sentence: Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce.
Question: What were the Allied powers referred to before 1917?
Sentence: The Allied powers before 1917 are referred to as the Triple Entente, and the Central Powers are referred to as the Triple Alliance.
Question: What does GBAD stand for?
Sentence: Other terms from the late 20th century include GBAD (Ground Based AD) with related terms
Question: What is the name of the Chilean team that has ties to the Everton FC?
Sentence: On 4 August 2010, the two Evertons played each other in a friendly named the Copa Hermandad at Goodison Park to mark the centenary of the Chilean team, an occasion organised by The Ruleteros Society, a society founded to promote connections between the two clubs.
Question: What corporation bought The Times in 1981?
Sentence: In 1981, The Times and The Sunday Times were bought from Thomson by Rupert Murdoch's News International.
Question: What led to a reduction in the power of the peers?
Sentence: Conflict between the two Houses of Parliament over the People's Budget led to a reduction in the power of the peers in 1910.
Question: Where do western sandpiper Calidris migrate from?
Sentence: Many species, such as dunlin Calidris alpina and western sandpiper Calidris mauri, undertake long movements from their Arctic breeding grounds to warmer locations in the same hemisphere, but others such as semipalmated sandpiper C. pusilla travel longer distances to the tropics in the Southern Hemisphere.
Question: What professional soccer organization is headquartered in New York?
Sentence: New York City is home to the headquarters of the National Football League, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, the National Hockey League, and Major League Soccer.
Question: In what borough is Stickball Boulevard located?
Sentence: Many sports are associated with New York's immigrant communities.
Question: What was the governing position limited to?
Sentence: Later, when safety required power to be consolidated, an elected prince was chosen to govern.
Question: When did Fox announce that Season 15 would be the final season?
Sentence: Ryan Seacrest returns as host, with Harry Connick Jr., Keith Urban, and Jennifer Lopez all returning for their respective third, fourth, and fifth seasons as judges.
Question: What plateau is Oklahoma near?
Sentence: Oklahoma is between the Great Plains and the Ozark Plateau in the Gulf of Mexico watershed, generally sloping from the high plains of its western boundary to the low wetlands of its southeastern boundary.
Question: who were the european electronica artists that inspired detroit techno?
Sentence: Detroit techno is an offshoot of Chicago house music.
Question: Who was the head of the OPC?
Sentence: To this end, the Office of Policy Coordination was created inside the new CIA.
Question: what was the  highest rank an Indian could be in the EIC army
Sentence: The highest rank to which an Indian soldier could aspire was Subadar-Major (or Rissaldar-Major in cavalry units), effectively a senior subaltern equivalent.
Question: Who discovered Mevastatin?
Sentence: Animal trials showed very good inhibitory effect as in clinical trials, however a long term study in dogs found toxic effects at higher doses and as a result mevastatin was believed to be too toxic for human use.
Question: Where were the Winter Olympics held in 1936?
Sentence: In 1930 the Lauberhorn Rennen (Lauberhorn Race), was run for the first time on the Lauberhorn above Wengen; the equally demanding Hahnenkamm was first run in the same year in Kitzbühl, Austria.
Question: What politician did Nasser admire?
Sentence: He was especially influenced by Egyptian writer Tawfiq al-Hakim's novel Return of the Spirit, in which al-Hakim wrote that the Egyptian people were only in need of a "man in whom all their feelings and desires will be represented, and who will be for them a symbol of their objective".
Question: What are the years after the war commonly known as?
Sentence: During the First World War, Paris sometimes found itself on the front line; 600 to 1,000 Paris taxis played a small but highly important symbolic role in transporting 6,000 soldiers to the front line at the First Battle of the Marne.
Question: What might a state do in response to another state's withdrawal from a treaty?
Sentence: The question of whether this is permitted is really a question of how other states will react to the withdrawal; for instance, another state might impose sanctions or go to war over a treaty violation.
Question: Who told the emperor that the situation in Dbus and Gtsang were under control?
Sentence: According to Chen, the Ming officer of Hezhou (modern day Linxia) informed the Hongwu Emperor that the general situation in Dbus and Gtsang "was under control," and so he suggested to the emperor that he offer the second Phagmodru ruler, Jamyang Shakya Gyaltsen, an official title.
Question: How many feet tall was the proposed statue of Schwarzenegger?
Sentence: In tribute to Schwarzenegger in 2002, Forum Stadtpark, a local cultural association, proposed plans to build a 25-meter (82 ft) tall Terminator statue in a park in central Graz.
Question: When did the US buy Alaska?
Sentence: The language was first introduced in North America when Russian explorers voyaged into Alaska and claimed it for Russia during the 1700s.
Question: In what are of architecture is neoclassical currently classed?
Sentence: As of the first decade of the 21st century, contemporary neoclassical architecture is usually classed under the umbrella term of New Classical Architecture.
Question: Particularly what part of the weather has been studied?
Sentence: The severe weather in the Alps has been studied since the 18th century; particularly the weather patterns such as the seasonal foehn wind.
Question: Who described outreach events at Eton as "unfair and indefensible?"
Sentence: In April 2011 the Labour MP David Lammy described as unfair and 'indefensible' the fact that Oxford University had organised nine 'outreach events' at Eton in 2010, although he admitted that it had, in fact, held fewer such events for Eton than for another independent school, Wellington College.
Question: How many people on average watched the American Idol finale in its first season?
Sentence: The audience steadily grew, and by finale night, the audience had averaged 23 million, with more than 40 million watching some part of that show.
Question: At the time of her birth, what was the rank of Elizabeth's parents?
Sentence: Elizabeth was born in London to the Duke and Duchess of York, later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth, and was the elder of their two daughters.
Question: Who made predictions in 1601?
Sentence: By 635 Chinese astronomers had observed that the tails of comets always point away from the sun.
Question: How much did Barcelona pay for Luis Saurez?
Sentence: Following Enrique's arrival, Barcelona broke their transfer record when they paid Liverpool F.C. between €81 to €94 million for striker Luis Suárez, who was serving a four-month ban from all football-related activity imposed by the FIFA Disciplinary Committee after biting Italian defender Giorgio Chiellini during his appearance for Uruguay in a World Cup group stage match.
Question: What does the growth, development, and reproduction of organisms rely on?
Sentence: The process of DNA replication is semiconservative; that is, the copy of the genome inherited by each daughter cell contains one original and one newly synthesized strand of DNA.:5.2
Question: What two groups were excluded from the South Korean political process?
Sentence: President Rhee's régime excluded communists and leftists from southern politics.
Question: How many times did Bohemian waxwings come to Britain in the nineteeth century?
Sentence: Sometimes circumstances such as a good breeding season followed by a food source failure the following year lead to irruptions in which large numbers of a species move far beyond the normal range.
Question: How much did advertisers spend for a 30 second ad spot during American Idol in its seventh season?
Sentence: American Idol became the most expensive series on broadcast networks for advertisers starting season four, and by the next season, it had broken the record in advertising rate for a regularly scheduled prime-time network series, selling over $700,000 for a 30-seconds slot, and reaching up to $1.3 million for the finale.
Question: Who is commissioner of the Arena Football League?
Sentence: On February 3, 2016, it was announced that the franchise will start from scratch and no longer be called the "Thunder" as the name and trademarks belong to former franchise owner Terry Emmert (similar to the Jerry Jones move with the Desperados).
Question: For what did Forbes rank Seattle the most expensive?
Sentence: In 2013, however, the magazine ranked Seattle No. 9 on its list of the Best Places for Business and Careers.
Question: The military colonies replaced what as population centers?
Sentence: The new military colonies were to replace the presidios as population centers to prevent future invasions by indigenous tribes; these policies remained prominent in the state until 1883.
Question: What property of T cells caused modification of CST?
Sentence: The theory was later modified to reflect new discoveries regarding histocompatibility or the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells.
Question: For what battle was Sam Houston known as commander?
Sentence: The city was named after former General Sam Houston, who was president of the Republic of Texas and had commanded and won at the Battle of San Jacinto 25 miles (40 km) east of where the city was established.
Question: What was the population of Salonica in 1800?
Sentence: Some regions conversely had population falls – Belgrade saw its population drop from 25,000 to 8,000 mainly due to political strife.
Question: How many Judeans did Zerubabel return to Judah?
Sentence: According to the Hebrew Bible 50,000 Judeans, led by Zerubabel, returned to Judah and rebuilt the temple.
Question: What is a proctodaeum?
Sentence: In the hindgut (element 16 in numbered diagram), or proctodaeum, undigested food particles are joined by uric acid to form fecal pellets.
Question: What other components of the immune systems are included?
Sentence: There may also be involvement of other components of the immune system including: cytokines, chemokines, histamine, and leukotrienes among others.
Question: Who was the viceregal Sakya regime overthrown by?
Sentence: Wylie asserts that this type of censorship of the History of Ming distorts the true picture of the history of Sino-Tibetan relations, while the Ming court granted titles to various lamas regardless of their sectarian affiliations in an ongoing civil war in Tibet between competing Buddhist factions.