xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: If a Jewish person owns a dog, he must do what to do the dog before he does it to himself?
Sentence: Jewish law requires Jews to feed dogs (and other animals that they own) before themselves, and make arrangements for feeding them before obtaining them.
Question: What did Cyril and Mehodius come up with to help with the issue of the Slaves not having a written language?
Sentence: The Slavs had no written language, so the brothers devised the Glagolitic alphabet, later developed into Cyrillic, and standardized the language of the Slavs, later known as Old Church Slavonic.
Question: What does George W. Gill think about the veracity of the idea that race is only skin deep?
Sentence: Forensic physical anthropologist and professor George W. Gill has said that the idea that race is only skin deep "is simply not true, as any experienced forensic anthropologist will affirm" and "Many morphological features tend to follow geographic boundaries coinciding often with climatic zones.
Question: What fungus is known to cause uranium content in its symbiotic plant roots to increase?
Sentence: Some organisms, such as the lichen Trapelia involuta or microorganisms such as the bacterium Citrobacter, can absorb concentrations of uranium that are up to 300 times the level of their environment.
Question: What material is the SNES case made of?
Sentence: The ABS plastic used in the casing of some older SNES and Super Famicom consoles is particularly susceptible to oxidization on exposure to air, likely due to an incorrect mixture of the stabilizing or flame retarding additives.
Question: What country do the Appalachian mountains extend into?
Sentence: The range is mostly located in the United States but extends into southeastern Canada, forming a zone from 100 to 300 mi (160 to 480 km) wide, running from the island of Newfoundland 1,500 mi (2,400 km) southwestward to Central Alabama in the United States.[discuss]
Question: How old was Popper when he died?
Sentence: He had been working continuously on his philosophy until two weeks before, when he suddenly fell terminally ill.
Question: What year did Elizabeth I grant the charter to Raleigh to travel to North Carolina?
Sentence: In 1584, Elizabeth I granted a charter to Sir Walter Raleigh, for whom the state capital is named, for land in present-day North Carolina (then part of the territory of Virginia).
Question: What painter was an early champion of oil as a medium in painting?
Sentence: The two cultures influenced each other and learned from each other, but painting in the Netherlands remained more focused on textures and surfaces than the idealized compositions of Italy.
Question: What term refers to extensive genetic engineering of an organism?
Sentence: The related term synthetic biology is sometimes used to refer to extensive genetic engineering of an organism.
Question: Who sat on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric?
Sentence: Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him.
Question: What is the traditional use of the falekaupule?
Sentence: Falekaupule is also used as the name of the council of elders – the traditional decision making body on each island.
Question: What event produced an expansion of the British cotton industry?
Sentence: From the late 18th century on, the British city of Manchester acquired the nickname "Cottonopolis" due to the cotton industry's omnipresence within the city, and Manchester's role as the heart of the global cotton trade.
Question: What type of map originated in China?
Sentence: Among the technological accomplishments of China were, according to the British scholar Needham, early seismological detectors (Zhang Heng in the 2nd century), the water-powered celestial globe (Zhang Heng), matches, the independent invention of the decimal system, dry docks, sliding calipers, the double-action piston pump, cast iron, the blast furnace, the iron plough, the multi-tube seed drill, the wheelbarrow, the suspension bridge, the winnowing machine, the rotary fan, the parachute, natural gas as fuel, the raised-relief map, the propeller, the crossbow, and a solid fuel rocket, the multistage rocket, the horse collar, along with contributions in logic, astronomy, medicine, and other fields.
Question: What can wrestlers do when a ref is out?
Sentence: While the referee remains "unconscious", wrestlers are free to violate rules until the referee is revived or replaced.
Question: The act of predation typically results in what for the prey?
Sentence: It can at times be difficult to separate the two feeding behaviours, for example, where parasitic species prey on a host organism and then lay their eggs on it for their offspring to feed on its decaying corpse.
Question: Tengen reverse engineered the lockout chip to develop what animal monikered prototype?
Sentence: Nintendo sued Tengen for copyright infringement, which Tengen lost as it could not prove that the legally obtained patent documents had not been used by the reverse engineering team.
Question: When is the rainy season in Guinea-Bissau?
Sentence: Guinea-Bissau is warm all year around
Question: Along with MV Bretagne and MV Pont-Aven, what ferry operates between Plymouth and the continent?
Sentence: There is also a pedestrian ferry from the Mayflower Steps to Mount Batten, and an alternative to using the Tamar Bridge via the Torpoint Ferry (vehicle and pedestrian) across the River Tamar.
Question: When was Neptune first observed?
Sentence: Its largest moon, Triton, was discovered shortly thereafter, though none of the planet's remaining known 14 moons were located telescopically until the 20th century.
Question: What contributed to Otto Selz's cessation of work in 1933?
Sentence: Selz never published his ideas, partly because of the rise of Nazism, which forced him to quit his work in 1933, and the prohibition of referring to Selz' work.
Question: Why do food chains start with plants?
Sentence: Virtually all staple foods come either directly from primary production by plants, or indirectly from animals that eat them.
Question: What is one of the key service industries of New Delhi?
Sentence: Key service industries include information technology, telecommunications, hotels, banking, media and tourism.
Question: When were several new villages built in France almost exclusively for skiing?
Sentence: During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such as Les Menuires.
Question: Most town people lived in what type of houses?
Sentence: In towns even most better-off people lived in terraced houses, which typically opened straight onto the street, often with a few steps up to the door.
Question: In what year was The Invisible Man made?
Sentence: Laemmle, Jr. created a niche for the studio, beginning a series of horror films which extended into the 1940s, affectionately dubbed Universal Horror.
Question: In what decade did colleges of technology gain the University designation?
Sentence: They became universities in the 1960s meaning they could award their own degrees.
Question: What does the ASPCA recommend for dogs who are not used for breeding purposes?
Sentence: Neutering refers to the sterilization of animals, usually by removal of the male's testicles or the female's ovaries and uterus, in order to eliminate the ability to procreate and reduce sex drive.
Question: In 2006, who reported that there were over half a million internet users within the territory?
Sentence: The Somali Telecommunication Association (STA), a watchdog organization that oversees the policy development and regulatory framework of Somalia's ICT sector, reported in 2006 that there were over half a million users of internet services within the territory.
Question: What is a result of changes in DNA markers within a plant species?
Sentence: Epigenetics is the study of mitotically and/or meiotically heritable changes in gene function that cannot be explained by changes in the underlying DNA sequence but cause the organism's genes to behave (or "express themselves") differently.
Question: What is the Islamic name for God?
Sentence: In the Hebrew Bible and Judaism, "He Who Is", "I Am that I Am", and the tetragrammaton YHWH are used as names of God, while Yahweh and Jehovah are sometimes used in Christianity as vocalizations of YHWH.
Question: What method did Plato use to understand political systems?
Sentence: Similarly, Aristotle built upon Plato's analysis to include historical empirical evidence in his analysis.
Question: The Mahayana teachings were first propagated into China by who?
Sentence: These Mahāyāna teachings were first propagated into China by Lokakṣema, the first translator of Mahāyāna sūtras into Chinese during the 2nd century CE.[note
Question: In about 260 AD, what forced the people of Roman towns to find shelter in Roman fortresses?
Sentence: Repeated raids by the Alamanni tribes provoked the ruin of the Roman towns and economy, forcing the population to find shelter near Roman fortresses, like the Castrum Rauracense near Augusta Raurica.
Question: What was the name of AT&T's videophone device?
Sentence: The use of sign language via videotelephony was hampered for many years due to the difficulty of its use over slow analogue copper phone lines, coupled with the high cost of better quality ISDN (data) phone lines.
Question: What did Frédéric label the place in which he placed Maria and her mother's letters about the unlikely marriage?
Sentence: Chopin finally placed the letters from Maria and her mother in a package on which he wrote, in Polish, "My tragedy".
Question: What 3 medical associations supported the bills?
Sentence: Moreover, several organizations (e.g., The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), American Public Health Association (APHA) and the American Medical Association (AMA)) have called for restrictions on antibiotic use in food animal production and an end to all nontherapeutic uses.[citation needed]
Question: The Antikythera mechanism was thought to be the first computer according to whom?
Sentence: Devices of a level of complexity comparable to that of the Antikythera mechanism would not reappear until a thousand years later.
Question: Duties from customs represent what amount of Swaziland government revenue?
Sentence: Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union, which may equal as much as 70% of government revenue this year, and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income.
Question: What political party was Morse in?
Sentence: After Republican Congressman F. Bradford Morse of the neighbouring 5th district announced his retirement and then resignation to become Under-Secretary-General for Political and General Assembly Affairs at the United Nations.
Question: What medal did the first torchbearer have from prior games?
Sentence: The People's Republic of China called this a "disgraceful" attempt to sabotage the Olympics.
Question: Who were the Seven Nations of Canada?
Sentence: These were Native Americans of the Laurentian valley—the Algonquin, the Abenaki, the Huron, and others.
Question: Who was providing supplies to the Vietnamese communists fighting against France?
Sentence: Early in 1953, the French asked Eisenhower for help in French Indochina against the Communists, supplied from China, who were fighting the First Indochina War.
Question: Who says the that whether there is or isn't a God are just like questions in natural science?
Sentence: Stephen Hawking and co-author Leonard Mlodinow state in their book, The Grand Design, that it is reasonable to ask who or what created the universe, but if the answer is God, then the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God.
Question: What was different between the polish nobility and others?
Sentence: The most important difference was that, while in most European countries the nobility lost power as the ruler strove for absolute monarchy, in Poland the reverse process occurred: the nobility actually gained power at the expense of the king, and the political system evolved into an oligarchy.
Question: How old was the Football League when the break-up happened?
Sentence: This meant a break-up of the 104-year-old Football League that had operated until then with four divisions; the Premier League would operate with a single division and the Football League with three.
Question: In what year were Han forces defeated in Baideng?
Sentence: After negotiations, the heqin agreement in 198 BC nominally held the leaders of the Xiongnu and the Han as equal partners in a royal marriage alliance, but the Han were forced to send large amounts of tribute items such as silk clothes, food, and wine to the Xiongnu.
Question: How many square feet is 2.5 square meters?
Sentence: The loss of natural habitat potential from the 6-pack of micro-brew beer is estimated to be 2.5 square meters (26 square feet).
Question: Where do many rodents live?
Sentence: They hibernate in large groups to provide warmth, and can be found in all areas of the Alps, in large colonies they build beneath the alpine pastures.
Question: Through what time period did The European renaissance last?
Sentence: The term "modern" was coined in the 16th century to indicate present or recent times (ultimately derived from the Latin adverb modo, meaning "just now).
Question: What was less standardized during the Baroque era?
Sentence: One major difference between Baroque music and the classical era that followed it is that the types of instruments used in ensembles were much less standardized.
Question: The Sherman Antitrust Act is the source of what?
Sentence: But the courts did protect the marketplace, declaring the Standard Oil group to be an "unreasonable" monopoly under the Sherman Antitrust Act in 1911.
Question: About how many millions of people lived in Europe in the year 1000?
Sentence: The estimated population of Europe grew from 35 to 80 million between 1000 and 1347, although the exact causes remain unclear: improved agricultural techniques, the decline of slaveholding, a more clement climate and the lack of invasion have all been suggested.
Question: What was the Kensington System?
Sentence: The Duchess avoided the court because she was scandalised by the presence of King William's bastard children, and perhaps prompted the emergence of Victorian morality by insisting that her daughter avoid any appearance of sexual impropriety.
Question: When was Two Stars for Peace published?
Sentence: An example of this concept can be found in 2003 when Martine Rothblatt published a book called Two Stars for Peace that argued for the addition of Israel and the Palestinian territories surrounding it as the 51st state in the Union.
Question: How many people were listed as missing?
Sentence: According to Chinese state officials, the quake caused 69,180 known deaths including 68,636 in Sichuan province; 18,498 people are listed as missing, and 374,176 injured, but these figures may further increase as more reports come in.[dated info]
Question: After a hiatus, in what year did the AFL begin operations again?
Sentence: All AFL games not on the NFL Network could be seen for free online, provided by Ustream.
Question: When was the Pyrenees Cup play begun?
Sentence: The latter became the club's first full-time coach in 1917.
Question: From what city did Voice of the Arabs broadcast?
Sentence: Growing up, Gaddafi witnessed significant events rock the Arab world, including the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, the Suez Crisis of 1956, and the short-lived existence of the United Arab Republic between 1958 and 1961.
Question: On how many sides of the Lightning connector are the pins located?
Sentence: Apple introduced a new 8-pin dock connector, named Lightning, on September 12, 2012 with their announcement of the iPhone 5, the fifth generation iPod Touch, and the seventh generation iPod Nano, which all feature it.
Question: Which characters on The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show used a device that allowed them to travel through time?
Sentence: The name Wayback Machine was chosen as a droll reference to a plot device in an animated cartoon series, The Rocky and Bullwinkle Show.
Question: What were the hallmarks of free citizens?
Sentence: The community looked at how people performed, whether they served in the militia and voted, which were the responsibilities and signs of free citizens.
Question: Which natural disaster occurred on October 29, 2012 in NYC?
Sentence: Hurricanes and tropical storms are rare in the New York area, but are not unheard of and always have the potential to strike the area.
Question: Between what time period did the reannexation of Germany occur?
Sentence: Following the Second World War, the 1927 regulation was not reinstated and the teaching of German in primary schools was suspended by a provisional rectorial decree, which was supposed to enable French to regain lost ground.
Question: What is the most commonly abused substance during adolescent years in the U.S.?
Sentence: Aside from alcohol, marijuana is the most commonly indulged drug habit during adolescent years.
Question: What percentage of Bostons public students are African American?
Sentence: The system's students are 40% Hispanic or Latino, 35% Black or African American, 13% White, and 9% Asian.
Question: What talk show did the doctor who performed Donda West's plastic surgery appear on?
Sentence: The final coroner's report January 10, 2008, concluded that Donda West died of "coronary artery disease and multiple post-operative factors due to or as a consequence of liposuction and mammoplasty".
Question: The rise of empiricism caused a division between which two subjects?
Sentence: The tree reflected the marked division between the arts and sciences, which was largely a result of the rise of empiricism.
Question: What year did Queen Victoria die?
Sentence: In 1897, Victoria had written instructions for her funeral, which was to be military as befitting a soldier's daughter and the head of the army, and white instead of black.
Question: When was the idea of the Lodges for Adoption abandoned?
Sentence: The French officially abandoned the experiment in the early 19th century.
Question: How much of the Bronx's population is black (including Hispanic)?
Sentence: Blacks of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin represented over one-third (35.4%) of the Bronx's population.
Question: What was rarely used?
Sentence: Also, the tradition of differentiating between the coat of arms proper and a lozenge granted to women did not develop in Poland.
Question: Who provides programs to students with special needs?
Sentence: The Education and Employment Directorate also offers programmes for students with special needs, vocational training, adult education, evening classes, and distance learning.
Question: How many former consuls in Rome were executed as a result of a conspiracy?
Sentence: After assassinating the consuls and most of the senators, Catiline would be free to enact his reforms.
Question: When did Comcast hope to complete its deal for Time Warner?
Sentence: Time Warner Cable and Comcast aimed to merge into one company by the end of 2014 and both have praised the deal, emphasizing the increased capabilities of a combined telecommunications network, and to "create operating efficiencies and economies of scale".
Question: What was William Shakespeare's father's first name?
Sentence: The legislation stated "Whosoever shall brew ale in the town with intention of selling it must hang out a sign, otherwise he shall forfeit his ale.
Question: Between which north latitudes are glaciers not found?
Sentence: Between 19˚N and 19˚S, however, precipitation is higher and the mountains above 5,000 m (16,400 ft) usually have permanent snow.
Question: Besides ITT Corporation, which two companies tried to emulate GE, but failed by the mid-1980's?
Sentence: Since over half of GE's revenue is derived from financial services, it is arguably a financial company with a manufacturing arm.
Question: What family purchased the Detroit opera House?
Sentence: Major theaters in Detroit include the Fox Theatre (5,174 seats), Music Hall (1,770 seats), the Gem Theatre (451 seats), Masonic Temple Theatre (4,404 seats), the Detroit Opera House (2,765 seats), the Fisher Theatre (2,089 seats), The Fillmore Detroit (2,200 seats), Saint Andrew's Hall, the Majestic Theater, and Orchestra Hall (2,286 seats) which hosts the renowned Detroit Symphony Orchestra.
Question: What do some Belgian cities hold during Lent?
Sentence: Some Belgian cities hold Carnivals during Lent.
Question: Who was outside at 10 Downing Street to welcome the torch without actually touching it?
Sentence: Amid pressure from both directions, Prime Minister Gordon Brown welcomed the torch outside 10 Downing Street without holding or touching it.
Question: What did the Gupta Empires trade ties influence?
Sentence: The Gupta period marked a watershed of Indian culture: the Guptas performed Vedic sacrifices to legitimize their rule, but they also patronized Buddhism, which continued to provide an alternative to Brahmanical orthodoxy.
Question: Who administered the minority groups?
Sentence: As the empire expanded, it took over administrative responsibility of all minority ethnic groups living in and around the empire, including early contacts with Russia — then seen as a tribute nation.
Question: In January 2010, what markets did Mark Zandi testify about that remain impaired and investors anticipate more loan losses?
Sentence: Economist Mark Zandi testified to the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in January 2010: "The securitization markets also remain impaired, as investors anticipate more loan losses.
Question: To the Romans who was the most powerful of the gods?
Sentence: Jupiter, the most powerful of all gods and "the fount of the auspices upon which the relationship of the city with the gods rested", consistently personified the divine authority of Rome's highest offices, internal organization and external relations.
Question: What is Franz Oberhauser's other name?
Sentence: It was later revealed with the film's release that he is Ernst Stavro Blofeld.
Question: Where was wrestling later showcased in North America?
Sentence: While it has greatly declined in Europe, in North America it has experienced several different periods of prominent cultural popularity during its century and a half of existence.
Question: What year did the memorial first opened?
Sentence: Every year on April 19, survivors, families and friends return to the memorial to read the names of each person lost.
Question: What percentage of New Haven's population is comprised by individuals identifying as African American?
Sentence: The city's demography is shifting rapidly: New Haven has always been a city of immigrants and currently the Latino population is growing rapidly.
Question: What is the term for teaching by only scripture?
Sentence: The use of the phrases as summaries of teaching emerged over time during the Reformation, based on the overarching principle of sola scriptura (by scripture alone).
Question: What did Beyoncé win in 2001, making her the first black woman to do so?
Sentence: In 2001, she became the first African-American woman and second woman songwriter to win the Pop Songwriter of the Year award at the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers Pop Music Awards.
Question: What did Nachmanides write?
Sentence: He wrote "If the gentiles wish to make peace, we shall make peace and leave them on clear terms; but as for the land, we shall not leave it in their hands, nor in the hands of any nation, not in any generation."
Question: When did Valencia surrender?
Sentence: James I granted the city new charters of law, the Furs of Valencia, which later were extended to the whole kingdom of Valencia.