xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What happened in Philadelphia in 1856?
Sentence: After the Great Depression, Democratic registrations increased, but the city was not carried by Democrat Franklin D. Roosevelt in his landslide victory of 1932 (in which Pennsylvania was one of the few states won by Republican Herbert Hoover).
Question: What is the root word from which Catalonia comes?
Sentence: The main theory suggests that Catalunya (Latin Gathia Launia) derives from the name Gothia or Gauthia ("Land of the Goths"), since the origins of the Catalan counts, lords and people were found in the March of Gothia, whence Gothland > Gothlandia >
Question: What did John XXIII die of?
Sentence: He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia.
Question: How are views on race influenced?
Sentence: The survey shows that the views on race are sociopolitically (ideologically) influenced and highly dependent on education."
Question: Who sent him the letter informing him of his mother's death?
Sentence: In February 1939, he received news from his sisters that his mother was dying.
Question: Where is the international art since 1871 displayed?
Sentence: Old master paintings from the Germanic Rhenish territories and until 1681 are displayed in the Musée de l'Œuvre Notre-Dame, old master paintings from all the rest of Europe (including the Dutch Rhenish territories) and until 1871 as well as old master paintings from the Germanic Rhenish territories between 1681 and 1871 are displayed in the Musée des Beaux-Arts.
Question: Who would engrave the master disc of a vinyl record?
Sentence: A record cutter would engrave the grooves into the master disc.
Question: What role does Warwick have on the show?
Sentence: The schedule was rearranged so the boys performed first and she could perform the following night instead; she later revealed that Ken Warwick, the show producer, wanted to disqualify her but she begged to be allowed to stay on the show.
Question: What percentage of the population speaks Kriol?
Sentence: 14% of the population speaks the official language Portuguese, the language of government and national communication during centuries of colonial rule.
Question: Nicholas Vincent was described as what?
Sentence: John did not provide a great deal of money for his wife's household and did not pass on much of the revenue from her lands, to the extent that historian Nicholas Vincent has described him as being "downright mean" towards Isabella.
Question: How long ago did people start living in the area?
Sentence: Bananas arrived in the region and added an important source of carbohydrates to the diet; they were also used in the production of alcoholic beverages.[when?]
Question: What part of a language can phonology as a word also refer to?
Sentence: The word phonology (as in the phonology of English) can also refer to the phonological system (sound system) of a given language.
Question: What was Boucicaut most widely known for?
Sentence: The entrepreneur Aristide Boucicaut became a partner in 1852, and changed the marketing plan, instituting fixed prices and guarantees that allowed exchanges and refunds, advertising, and a much wider variety of merchandise.
Question: Which Bond novel first featured Spectre?
Sentence: The ownership of the Spectre organisation—originally stylised "SPECTRE" as an acronym of SPecial Executive for Counter-intelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion—and its characters, had been at the centre of long-standing litigation starting in 1961 between Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory over the film rights to the novel Thunderball.
Question: When was the title of cardinal reserved for the cardinals of Rome by Pius V?
Sentence: The earliest example of this occurs in a letter sent by Pope Zacharias in 747 to Pippin III (the Short), ruler of the Franks, in which Zacharias applied the title to the priests of Paris to distinguish them from country clergy.
Question: Who was the official that accused UNFPA?
Sentence: However, both the Washington Post and the Washington Times reported that Powell simply fell in line, signing a brief written by someone else.
Question: Why did Naples remain neutral?
Sentence: Many middle and small powers in Europe, unlike in the previous wars, tried to steer clear away from the escalating conflict, even though they had interests in the conflict or with the belligerents, like Denmark-Norway.
Question: In what month was the second generation of the Digital Monsters Released?
Sentence: In December, the second generation of Digital Monster was released, followed by a third edition in 1998.
Question: Religious diversity in North Carolina has generally what?
Sentence: The second-largest Protestant denomination in North Carolina after Baptist traditions is Methodism, which is strong in the northern Piedmont, especially in populous Guilford County.
Question: What are two examples of groups that allow you to make copies of protected works?
Sentence: Shifting public expectations, advances in digital technology, and the increasing reach of the Internet have led to such widespread, anonymous infringement that copyright-dependent industries now focus less on pursuing individuals who seek and share copyright-protected content online, and more on expanding copyright law to recognize and penalize – as "indirect" infringers – the service providers and software distributors which are said to facilitate and encourage individual acts of infringement by others.
Question: After Gaddafi stepped down from the GPC, what title did he take?
Sentence: Although no longer in a formal governmental post, he adopted the title of "Leader of the Revolution" and continued as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
Question: When did Congress give the CAA the task of administering the federal-air airport program?
Sentence: On the eve of America's entry into World War II, CAA began to extend its ATC responsibilities to takeoff and landing operations at airports.
Question: What does Běidǒu translate as?
Sentence: The name literally means "Northern Dipper", the name given by ancient Chinese astronomers to the seven brightest stars of the Ursa Major constellation.
Question: How much money did taxpayers provide in government support to AIG during 2008 and early 2009?
Sentence: However, AIG did not have the financial strength to support its many CDS commitments as the crisis progressed and was taken over by the government in September 2008.
Question: Who noted that 14th century monks bought books in shops?
Sentence: Increasing prosperity during the 12th century resulted in greater production of secular art; many carved ivory objects such as gaming-pieces, combs, and small religious figures have survived.
Question: What is Seattle's musical genre developed in the 1990s?
Sentence: Seattle in this period attracted widespread attention as home to these many companies, but also by hosting the 1990 Goodwill Games and the APEC leaders conference in 1993, as well as through the worldwide popularity of grunge, a sound that had developed in Seattle's independent music scene.
Question: Who foreign group conquered Britain around AD 43?
Sentence: Most of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom after the Irish War of Independence and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty (1919–1922), with six counties remaining in the UK as Northern Ireland.
Question: Who cares for and manages the Pyx Chamber and chapter house?
Sentence: The chapter house and Pyx Chamber at Westminster Abbey are in the guardianship of English Heritage, but under the care and management of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster.
Question: What is the chairman of the bucopho also called?
Sentence: As noted above, there are 55 tinkhundla in Swaziland and each elects one representative to the House of Assembly of Swaziland.
Question: the dominion act was passed in what year
Sentence: The Dominion Lands Act of 1871 served a similar function for establishing homesteads on the prairies in Canada.
Question: What area of New Haven was Route 34 originally intended to service?
Sentence: The Oak Street Connector (Route 34), running between Interstate 95, downtown, and The Hill neighborhood, was originally intended as a highway to the city's western suburbs but was only completed as a highway to the downtown area, with the area to the west becoming a boulevard
Question: What do they believe about sexual orientation?
Sentence: They believe that sexual orientation is not a choice, and some of them believe that it is established at conception.
Question: Speakers of Limón Creole English are descended from people of what nationality?
Sentence: For example, there is discussion about if the Limón Creole English must be considered as "a kind" of English or a different language.
Question: What are the boreholes on Funafuti called?
Sentence: The boreholes on Funafuti, at the site now called Darwin's Drill, are the result of drilling conducted by the Royal Society of London for the purpose of investigating the formation of coral reefs to determine whether traces of shallow water organisms could be found at depth in the coral of Pacific atolls.
Question: Who primarily initiated the clashes along the 38th parallel?
Sentence: While these preparations were underway in the North, there were frequent clashes along the 38th parallel, especially at Kaesong and Ongjin, many initiated by the South.
Question: What state were Johnson and Rayburn from?
Sentence: Eisenhower had to work with the Democratic Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson (later U.S. president) in the Senate and Speaker Sam Rayburn in the House, both from Texas.
Question: What happened in 1878 that played a role in San Diego's economic growth?
Sentence: In the late 1860s, Alonzo Horton promoted a move to the bayside area, which he called "New Town" and which became Downtown San Diego.
Question: Charleston is known for what type of food?
Sentence: Charleston is known for its local seafood, which plays a key role in the city's renowned cuisine, comprising staple dishes such as gumbo, she-crab soup, fried oysters, Lowcountry boil, deviled crab cakes, red rice, and shrimp and grits.
Question: What can different structure of the cell walls of bacteria effect?
Sentence: These differences in structure can produce differences in antibiotic susceptibility; for instance, vancomycin can kill only gram-positive bacteria and is ineffective against gram-negative pathogens, such as Haemophilus influenzae or Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Question: What causes the different accounts of the cross used?
Sentence: The Greek and Latin words used in the earliest Christian writings are ambiguous.
Question: What was the original meaning of ta'wil?
Sentence: The meaning of revelation (tanzil), as opposed to ta'wil, is clear in its accordance to the obvious meaning of the words as they were revealed.
Question: In classical times, what was Apollo's strong function in popular religion?
Sentence: In later writers, the word, usually spelled "Paean", becomes a mere epithet of Apollo in his capacity as a god of healing.
Question: How many ethnic minorities were looked at differently in Santa Monica?
Sentence: The two ethnic minorities were often viewed differently by White Americans who were often well-disposed towards the Japanese but condescending towards the Chinese.
Question: Who did Joan marry to become queen consort?
Sentence: John's second wife, Isabella of Angoulême, left England for Angoulême soon after the king's death; she became a powerful regional leader, but largely abandoned the children she had had by John.
Question: WHat was a polish nobleman referred to as before the 15th century?
Sentence: Representing the wealthier families of Poland and itinerant knights from abroad seeking their fortunes, this other class of rycerstwo, which became the szlachta/nobility ("szlachta" becomes the proper term for Polish nobility beginning about the 15th century), gradually formed apart from Mieszko
Question: What year did hernando de Soto arrive in Joara?
Sentence: Records of Hernando de Soto attested to his meeting with them in 1540.
Question: Why did the X Corps leave Hungnam?
Sentence: In northeast Korea by 11 December, the U.S. X Corps managed to cripple the PVA 9th Army Group while establishing a defensive perimeter at the port city of Hungnam.
Question: What organization attempted to assassinate Nasser?
Sentence: Following a 1954 attempt on his life by a Muslim Brotherhood member acting on his own, he cracked down on the organization, put President Muhammad Naguib under house arrest, and assumed executive office, officially becoming president in June 1956.
Question: How many rivers run through Hanover?
Sentence: With around 40 parks, forests and gardens, a couple of lakes, two rivers and one canal, Hanover offers a large variety of leisure activities.
Question: Who are descendents of various culturally distinct groups?
Sentence: In many instances, mixed racial ancestry is so far back in an individual's family history (for instance, before the Civil War or earlier), that it does not affect more recent ethnic and cultural identification.
Question: What type of language did Paul VI want to the church to relay dogma in?
Sentence: He also reminded the Council Fathers that many bishops from the east could not attend because the governments in the East did not permit their journeys.
Question: What was another name used for the corrupted high culture of the indigenous people?
Sentence: Other 19th-century critics, following Rousseau have accepted this differentiation between higher and lower culture, but have seen the refinement and sophistication of high culture as corrupting and unnatural developments that obscure and distort people's essential nature.
Question: Which Nigerian political party was mostly Yoruba?
Sentence: Nigeria's government was a coalition of conservative parties: the Nigerian People's Congress (NPC), a party dominated by Northerners and those of the Islamic faith, and the Igbo and Christian-dominated National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC) led by Nnamdi Azikiwe.
Question: What is the most commonly seen species?
Sentence: The most commonly seen is the low to moderate elevation eastern gray squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis).
Question: What year was the Platonic Academy founded?
Sentence: Aristotle's writings profoundly influenced subsequent Islamic and European scholarship, though they were eventually superseded in the Scientific Revolution.
Question: Why was there a low point for English football?
Sentence: Stadiums were crumbling, supporters endured poor facilities, hooliganism was rife, and English clubs were banned from European competition for five years following the Heysel Stadium disaster in 1985.
Question: As of 2006, where did Somalis rank in terms of population by ethnicity in Canada?
Sentence: Statistics Canada's 2006 census ranks people of Somali descent as the 69th largest ethnic group in Canada.
Question: Which metal important to the ancients is the hardest one?
Sentence: It became one of the most important metals to the ancients.
Question: Where did Beyonce get her name from?
Sentence: Beyoncé's name is a tribute to her mother's maiden name.
Question: Who owned Kingsbridge?
Sentence: Kingsbridge, built in 1693 where Broadway reached the Spuyten Duyvil Creek, was a possession of Frederick Philipse, lord of Philipse Manor.
Question: Depending on the placement and size of a knot, what property of structural timber can be affected?
Sentence: Knots do not necessarily influence the stiffness of structural timber, this will depend on the size and location.
Question: Vinters have adopted solar technology to do what?
Sentence: While sunlight is generally considered a plentiful resource, the exceptions highlight the importance of solar energy to agriculture.
Question: What percentage of business did the Egyptian government own in 1962?
Sentence: Nasser also attempted to maintain oversight of the country's civil service to prevent it from inflating and consequently becoming a burden to the state.
Question: Diaz promoted economic growth by encouraging investment from foreign companies at the expense of what group?
Sentence: The state economy was largely defined by ranching and mining.
Question: When was the Wanda L Bass School of Music and auditorium opened?
Sentence: Other theaters include Lyric Theatre, Jewel Box Theatre, Kirkpatrick Auditorium, the Poteet Theatre, the Oklahoma City Community College Bruce Owen Theater and the 488-seat Petree Recital Hall, at the Oklahoma City University campus.
Question: What did LaserStacks software enable Mac users to do?
Sentence: User-created "stacks" were shared and were especially popular in education where teacher-generated stacks were used to access discs ranging from art collections to basic biological processes.
Question: Who made the first known clean slate decrees?
Sentence: The first known ones were made by Enmetena and Urukagina of Lagash in 2400-2350 BC.
Question: What does the Dutch word "vertaling" roughly translate to?
Sentence: The Slavic and Germanic languages (except in the case of the Dutch equivalent, "vertaling"—a "re-language-ing") likewise use calques of these Latin sources.
Question: Why has defining pain been a challenge?
Sentence: The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition states: "Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.
Question: Which professor sent the first wireless message in the USA?
Sentence: Study of nuclear physics at the university began with the building of a nuclear accelerator in 1936, and continues now partly through a partnership in the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics.
Question: How many non-Hispanic whites lived in New York City in 2012?
Sentence: New York City has the largest European and non-Hispanic white population of any American city.
Question: What does the Xeer system call attorneys?
Sentence: The Xeer legal system also requires a certain amount of specialization of different functions within the legal framework.
Question: How much did the population increase since 2010?
Sentence: The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Montana was 1,032,949 on July 1, 2015, a 4.40% increase since the 2010 United States Census.
Question: How many tourists did Greece welcome in 2009?
Sentence: In 2009, Greece welcomed over 19.3 million tourists, a major increase from the 17.7 million tourists the country welcomed in 2008.
Question: After what war were Germans expelled from their territories?
Sentence: After World War II, eastern European countries such as the Soviet Union, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Romania and Yugoslavia expelled the Germans from their territories.
Question: What is one type of competition department stores face?
Sentence: Since then, they have suffered from strong competition from specialist stores.
Question: How do digimon evolve?
Sentence: This second type of Digi-Egg is called a Digimental (デジメンタル, Dejimentaru?) in Japanese.
Question: What language was used in official communications by the government of Libya?
Sentence: From 1969 to 1973, the RCC introduced social welfare programs funded with oil money, which led to house-building projects and improved healthcare and education.
Question: With what is cotton often blended to make a new style of fabric?
Sentence: It can either be used in knitted or woven fabrics, as it can be blended with elastine to make a stretchier thread for knitted fabrics, and apparel such as stretch jeans.
Question: What do the vast majority of living organisms encode their genes in?
Sentence: DNA consists of a chain made from four types of nucleotide subunits, each composed of: a five-carbon sugar (2'-deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.:2.1
Question: Who proposed that change was needed in the way business with the Greeks was to be conducted  ?
Sentence: Notable Greek seafarers include people such as Pytheas of Marseilles, Scylax of Caryanda who sailed to Iberia and beyond, Nearchus, the 6th century merchant and later monk Cosmas Indicopleustes (Cosmas who sailed to India) and the explorer of the Northwestern passage Juan de Fuca.
Question: What happened with education  during the Early Middle Ages?
Sentence: The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages as centers of advanced education.
Question: People have been wondering about the nature of matter for the entire history of what branch of science?
Sentence: The idea that matter was built of discrete building blocks, the so-called particulate theory of matter, was first put forward by the Greek philosophers Leucippus (~490 BC) and Democritus (~470–380 BC).
Question: What did Miguel López de Legazpi call the island discovered on January 9, 1530?
Sentence: After that, ships including the San Jeronimo, Los Reyes and Todos los Santos also visited the islands in different years.
Question: What are prakritisms?
Sentence: The deviations from Pāṇini in the epics are generally considered to be on account of interference from Prakrits, or innovations, and not because they are pre-Paninian.
Question: Who was the first President to address the NAACP?
Sentence: In front of 10,000 people at the Lincoln Memorial, the president left no doubt where he stood on civil rights.
Question: Who did Tony Blair side with?
Sentence: The decisions that led up to the Iraq war and its subsequent conduct are currently the subject of Sir John Chilcot's Iraq Inquiry.
Question: What does Alabama law allow judges to do that isn't allowed in other states?
Sentence: This is due to judges overriding life imprisonment sentences and imposing the death penalty.
Question: What efforts have the WSH taken
Sentence: This was because the sanitation sector was generally receiving less attention from other donors and from governments, and because the Foundation believed it had the potential to make a real difference through strategic investments.
Question: Rather than beats, what two things does Beyoncé usually come up with for producers?
Sentence: Her early songs were personally driven and female-empowerment themed compositions like "Independent Women" and "Survivor", but after the start of her relationship with Jay Z she transitioned to more man-tending anthems such as "Cater 2 U".
Question: What was the name of the treaty that brought the dialects of Belgium and the Netherlands together?
Sentence: In 1980 the Netherlands and Belgium concluded the Language Union Treaty.
Question: Why do some animals pass food through their gut twice?
Sentence: Instead they extract more nutrition from grass by giving their food a second pass through the gut.
Question: What ethnic group was deported by the Ottoman Government from eastern Anatolia?
Sentence: In 1915, as the Russian Caucasus Army continued to advance into eastern Anatolia, the Ottoman government started the deportation of its ethnic Armenian population, resulting in the death of approximately 1.5 million Armenians in what became known as the Armenian Genocide.
Question: Who was the U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair in April 2009?
Sentence: During April 2009, U.S. Federal Reserve vice-chair Janet Yellen discussed these paradoxes: "Once this massive credit crunch hit, it didn’t take long before we were in a recession.
Question: What was believed would happen if the Chinese entered the conflict?
Sentence: He further concluded that, although half of those forces might cross south, "if the Chinese tried to get down to Pyongyang, there would be the greatest slaughter" without air force protection.
Question: How many individuals were unemployed on the island in 2013?
Sentence: Unemployment levels are low (31 individuals in 2013, compared to 50 in 2004 and 342 in 1998).
Question: What advertising demographic is soft adult contemporary marketed towards?
Sentence: The format can be seen as a more contemporary successor to and combination of the middle of the road (MOR), beautiful music, easy listening and soft rock formats.