xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Is the structure of hardwood simple or complex?
Sentence: In discussing such woods it is customary to divide them into two large classes, ring-porous and diffuse-porous.
Question: What is the acronym for Eritrean People's Liberation Front?
Sentence: The ensuing Eritrean War for Independence went on for 30 years against successive Ethiopian governments until 1991, when the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), a successor of the ELF, defeated the Ethiopian forces in Eritrea and helped a coalition of Ethiopian rebel forces take control of the Ethiopian Capital Addis Ababa.
Question: Which moral philosopher said "the greatest happiness for the greatest numbers"?
Sentence: Much of what is incorporated in the scientific method (the nature of knowledge, evidence, experience, and causation) and some modern attitudes towards the relationship between science and religion were developed by his protégés David Hume and Adam Smith.
Question: When does the United States Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission date the crisis to?
Sentence: The United States Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission dates the crisis to 2008.
Question: Why are scholars concerned with analysis of the Gospels over the letters?
Sentence: Textual scholars have debated for centuries which sources are most closely derived from the original, hence which readings in those sources are correct.[citation needed]
Question: What building is named after Earl and Kathryn Pardoe?
Sentence: The Pardoe Theatre is named for T. Earl and Kathryn Pardoe.
Question: How much does a non-subscriber of The Times need to pay to read the online versions?
Sentence: There are now two websites: thetimes.co.uk is aimed at daily readers, and the thesundaytimes.co.uk site at providing weekly magazine-like content.
Question: What did some plants produce when flowers became less simple?
Sentence: The first flowering plants in the fossil record had relatively simple flowers.
Question: Not being able to predict what any entity is going to do is what principle b Whitehead?
Sentence: For Whitehead, creativity is the absolute principle of existence, and every entity (whether it is a human being, a tree, or an electron) has some degree of novelty in how it responds to other entities, and is not fully determined by causal or mechanistic laws.
Question: Street vendors might sell their goods in official places as well as where?
Sentence: Street vendors play their trade from stalls in the tianguis as well as at non-officially controlled concentrations around metro stations and hospitals; at plazas comerciales, where vendors of a certain "theme" (e.g. stationery) are housed; originally these were organized to accommodate vendors formerly selling on the street; or simply from improvised stalls on a city sidewalk.
Question: What was the first skyscraper built in San Diego that was over 300-feet tall?
Sentence: The development of skyscrapers over 300 feet (91 m) in San Diego is attributed to the construction of the El Cortez Hotel in 1927, the tallest building in the city from 1927 to 1963.
Question: When did Japan surrender?
Sentence: Following its defeat, Japan's Shinto Emperor stepped down as the divine leader through the Shinto Directive, because the Allied Powers believed this was the major political cause of Japan's military aggression and deconstruction process soon took place to install a new liberal-democratic constitution to the Japanese public as the current Constitution of Japan.
Question: What is the Spanish version of Turner Classic Movies?
Sentence: Turner Classic Movies is a dedicated film channel and is available in United States, United Kingdom, France (TCM Cinéma), Spain (TCM España), Nordic countries, Middle East and Africa.
Question: Who does Ibn Sina's philosophy owe much to?
Sentence: The philosophy of Ibn Sīnā, particularly that part relating to metaphysics, owes much to al-Farabi.
Question: What was the equivalent yield in TNT of the Little Boy bomb, in tonnes?
Sentence: Exploding with a yield equivalent to 12,500 tonnes of TNT, the blast and thermal wave of the bomb destroyed nearly 50,000 buildings and killed approximately 75,000 people (see Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki).
Question: What do the Chinese say is the total number of shocks after the quake?
Sentence: Between 64 and 104 major aftershocks, ranging in magnitude from 4.0 to 6.1, were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake.
Question: Where was Avicenna once imprisoned?
Sentence: Avicenna believed his "Floating Man" thought experiment demonstrated that the soul is a substance, and claimed humans cannot doubt their own consciousness, even in a situation that prevents all sensory data input.
Question: What is an English translation of huda?
Sentence: The Quran describes itself as "the discernment" (al-furqān), "the mother book" (umm al-kitāb), "the guide" (huda), "the wisdom" (hikmah), "the remembrance" (dhikr) and "the revelation" (tanzīl; something sent down, signifying the descent of an object from a higher place to lower place).
Question: Which architect's work was preserved throughout World War II by the Royal Institute's Library?
Sentence: The library remained open throughout World War Two and was able to shelter the archives of Modernist architect Adolf Loos during the war.
Question: When was Nigeria's third satellite launched?
Sentence: It was launched on 13 May 2007, aboard a Chinese Long March 3B carrier rocket, from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in China.
Question: When was Plymouth Albion R.F.C. founded?
Sentence: Plymouth Albion Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club that was founded in 1875 and are currently competing in the third tier of Professional English Rugby .
Question: What are Guinea-Bissau's major exports?
Sentence: The economy depends mainly on agriculture; fish, cashew nuts and ground nuts are its major exports.
Question: When did Apple replace their CR with line feed (LF)?
Sentence: The original Macintosh OS, Apple DOS, and ProDOS, on the other hand, used carriage return (CR) alone as a line terminator; however, since Apple replaced these operating systems with the Unix-based OS X operating system, they now use line feed (LF) as well.
Question: What movement was responsible for the philosophy which led to the revival of Anglo Catholic ideas?
Sentence: The appeal of this Gothic revival (which after 1837, in Britain, is sometimes termed Victorian Gothic), gradually widened to encompass "low church" as well as "high church" clients.
Question: What type of wine comprises a small majority of wine produced in Switzerland?
Sentence: Swiss wine is produced mainly in Valais, Vaud (Lavaux), Geneva and Ticino, with a small majority of white wines.
Question: Which Hellenistic poet was known for bucolic hexameter poetry?
Sentence: The Eclogues (from the Greek for "selections") are a group of ten poems roughly modeled on the bucolic hexameter poetry ("pastoral poetry") of the Hellenistic poet Theocritus.
Question: What method is used to test software under a specific load?
Sentence: Volume testing is a way to test software functions even when certain components (for example a file or database) increase radically in size.
Question: Other than at the check-out lanes at the front of a store, where may customers check out?
Sentence: Some are part of a retail chain of many stores, while others may be independent retailers.
Question: Which suburbs usually are affected by relatively narrow streams of heavy showers?
Sentence: Relatively narrow streams of heavy showers can often affect the same places (usually the eastern suburbs) for an extended period, while the rest of Melbourne and surrounds stays dry.
Question: When was the term added to the dictionary?
Sentence: In 2006, it was added to the Oxford English Dictionary.
Question: How many members are there in the Conseil de Paris?
Sentence: The current council is divided between a coalition of the left of 91 members, including the socialists, communists, greens, and extreme left; and 71 members for the centre right, plus a few members from smaller parties.
Question: In what year was the tantalum light filament invented?
Sentence: Since tantalum metal has a lower resistivity than carbon, the tantalum lamp filament was quite long and required multiple internal supports.
Question: What did Detroit build after the failure of a larger regional transportation system?
Sentence: But the inability of Detroit and its suburban neighbors to solve conflicts over transit planning resulted in the region losing the majority of funding for rapid transit.
Question: According to Dibben, what are the benefits of applying process metaphysics to examining management and business administration as a component of social science?
Sentence: For Dibben, this allows "a comprehensive exploration of life as perpetually active experiencing, as opposed to occasional – and thoroughly passive – happening."
Question: What's the sixth form college named after a person?
Sentence: Itchen College and Richard Taunton Sixth Form College.
Question: Who were the supporters of the Avignon Papacy?
Sentence: The Schism divided Europe along political lines; while France, her ally Scotland and the Spanish kingdoms supported the Avignon Papacy, France's enemy England stood behind the Pope in Rome, together with Portugal, Scandinavia and most of the German princes.
Question: How many Jews were there in the world just prior to the Holocaust?
Sentence: It is estimated that in the 11th century Ashkenazi Jews composed only three percent of the world's Jewish population, while at their peak in 1931 they accounted for 92 percent of the world's Jews.
Question: Where are the most threatened ecosystems found?
Sentence: " At present, the most threatened ecosystems are found in fresh water, according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005, which was confirmed by the "Freshwater Animal Diversity Assessment", organised by the biodiversity platform, and the French Institut de recherche pour le développement (MNHNP).
Question: Is an adolescent's mental health at its best when their feelings of autonomy match closely with their parents or when they are at odds?
Sentence: Emotional autonomy is defined in terms of an adolescent's relationships with others, and often includes the development of more mature emotional connections with adults and peers.
Question: When did the name for Tibet, Tubo, first appear in Chinese characters?
Sentence: This name first appears in Chinese characters as 土番 in the 7th century (Li Tai) and as 吐蕃 in the 10th-century (Old Book of Tang describing 608–609 emissaries from Tibetan King Namri Songtsen to Emperor Yang of Sui).
Question: What term avoids distinguishing between languages and dialects?
Sentence: There are various terms that linguists may use to avoid taking a position on whether the speech of a community is an independent language in its own right or a dialect of another language.
Question: What does Tucson's main power plant use for fuel?
Sentence: Tucson's primary electrical power source is a coal and natural gas power-plant managed by Tucson Electric Power that is situated within the city limits on the south-western boundary of Davis-Monthan Air-force base adjacent to Interstate-10.
Question: During what dictatorship was Catalan considered a dialect?
Sentence: During much of its history, and especially during the Francoist dictatorship (1939–1975), the Catalan language has often been degraded as a mere dialect of Spanish.
Question: What Calvinist doctrine is focuses on salvation?
Sentence: Soteriologically, most Methodists are Arminian, emphasizing that Christ accomplished salvation for every human being, and that humans must exercise an act of the will to receive it (as opposed to the traditional Calvinist doctrine of monergism).
Question: After a trip to what city did Carl Laemmle leave the dry goods business?
Sentence: One story has Laemmle watching a box office for hours, counting patrons and calculating the day's takings.
Question: What culture annexed Egypt?
Sentence: The Ptolemies faced rebellions of native Egyptians often caused by an unwanted regime and were involved in foreign and civil wars that led to the decline of the kingdom and its annexation by Rome.
Question: Who said that Napoleon's presence on the battlefield was worth 40,000 soldiers?
Sentence: At the Battle of Auerstadt in 1806, King Frederick William III of Prussia outnumbered the French by 63,000 to 27,000; however, when he mistakenly was told that Napoleon was in command, he ordered a hasty retreat that turned into a rout.
Question: Who countered the Russian cavalry's movement?
Sentence: When the Earl of Cardigan questioned what they referred to, the aide-de-camp pointed to the first Russian battery he could see – the wrong one.
Question: Who was the Portugal Prime Minister in 2013?
Sentence: Coelho reaffirmed the announcement by explaining that austerity measures are necessary if Portugal seeks to avoid another monetary bailout grant from the European Commission, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund—the overall plan intends to enact further cuts of €4.8 billion over a three-year period.
Question: The recent Indiana Jones movie feature how many of the local citizen in film?
Sentence: 500 locals were cast as extras for the film.
Question: What is the primary cue for migration?
Sentence: The primary physiological cue for migration are the changes in the day length.
Question: Where in the year 77 BC was an uprising?
Sentence: In 77 BC, the senate sent one of Sulla's former lieutenants, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus ("Pompey the Great"), to put down an uprising in Spain.
Question: How many fraternities does Northwestern recognize?
Sentence: Northwestern has several housing options, including both traditional residence halls and residential colleges which gather together students who have a particular intellectual interest in common.
Question: What is the governing system of the Marshall Islands?
Sentence: The President, who is head of state as well as head of government, is elected by the 33 senators of the Nitijela.
Question: How many coral atolls comprise the Marshall Islands?
Sentence: The country's population of 53,158 people (at the 2011 Census) is spread out over 29 coral atolls, comprising 1,156 individual islands and islets.
Question: what style of music did afrika bambaataa play?
Sentence: In the early 1980s, Chicago radio jocks The Hot Mix 5, and club DJs Ron Hardy and Frankie Knuckles played various styles of dance music, including older disco records (mostly Philly disco and Salsoul tracks), electro funk tracks by artists such as Afrika Bambaataa, newer Italo disco, B-Boy hip hop music by Man Parrish, Jellybean Benitez, Arthur Baker, and John Robie, and electronic pop music by Kraftwerk and Yellow Magic Orchestra.
Question: What city is Dell's New Hampshire facility in?
Sentence: Dell facilities in the United States are located in Austin, Texas; Plano, Texas; Nashua, New Hampshire; Nashville, Tennessee; Oklahoma City, Oklahoma; Peoria, Illinois; Hillsboro, Oregon (Portland area); Winston-Salem, North Carolina; Eden Prairie, Minnesota (Dell Compellent); Bowling Green, Kentucky; Lincoln, Nebraska; and Miami, Florida.
Question: What type of familiar translation may be seen during an opera?
Sentence: Translations of sung texts—whether of the above type meant to be sung or of a more or less literal type meant to be read—are also used as aids to audiences, singers and conductors, when a work is being sung in a language not known to them.
Question: In what did Immanuel Kant describe time as a priori intuition that allows humankind to understand sense experience?
Sentence: With Kant, neither space nor time are conceived as substances, but rather both are elements of a systematic mental framework that necessarily structures the experiences of any rational agent, or observing subject.
Question: How many large flight muscles do birds have?
Sentence: Birds have various adaptations for flight, including a lightweight skeleton, two large flight muscles, the pectoralis (which accounts for 15% of the total mass of the bird) and the supracoracoideus, as well as a modified forelimb (wing) that serves as an aerofoil.
Question: Whio was Equerry Frederick Ponsonby's father?
Sentence: Equerry Frederick Ponsonby (the son of Sir Henry) discovered that the Munshi had lied about his parentage, and reported to Lord Elgin, Viceroy of India, "the Munshi occupies very much the same position as John Brown used to do.
Question: Madonna surpassed which artist with the most top-ten hits?
Sentence: With a gross of $280 million, it became the highest-grossing tour by a solo artist then, surpassing the previous record Madonna set with the Confessions Tour; it was later surpassed by Roger Waters' The Wall Live.
Question: What did the Turbo feature allow players to do?
Sentence: The NES Advantage had two knobs that adjusted the firing rate of the turbo button from quick to Turbo, as well as a "Slow" button that slowed down the game by rapidly pausing the game.
Question: Who designed the Winfield Building in 1890?
Sentence: The CBD is dominated by modern office buildings including the Rialto Towers (1986), built on the site of several grand classical Victorian buildings, two of which — the Rialto Building (1889) designed by William Pitt and the Winfield Building (1890) designed by Charles D'Ebro and Richard Speight — still remain today and more recently hi-rise apartment buildings including Eureka Tower (2006), which is listed as the 13th tallest residential building in the world in January 2014.
Question: Who used Pan-Slavism as a political tool?
Sentence: The Russian Empire used Pan-Slavism as a political tool; as did the Soviet Union, which gained political-military influence and control over most Slavic-majority nations between 1945 and 1948 and retained a hegemonic role until the period 1989–1991.
Question: What part of Richmond is Maymont close to?
Sentence: Two other major parks in the city along the river are Byrd Park and Maymont, located near the Fan District.
Question: Who were the main leaders of the ruling party?
Sentence: A statement was issued on 13 June explaining that Miliband "was promoting England's bid to win the World Cup", although "he understands the anger that is felt towards the Sun over Hillsborough by many people in Merseyside and he is sorry to those who feel offended."
Question: By how much did Dell cut it's margins when it cut its prices?
Sentence: This also cut profit-margins by more than half, from 8.7 to 4.3 percent.
Question: Countries that what have more extralegal and unofficial things going on?
Sentence: While media have reported widely the grand corruption that accompanied the sales, studies have argued that in addition to increased operating efficiency, daily petty corruption is, or would be, larger without privatization, and that corruption is more prevalent in non-privatized sectors.
Question: When was Fort Gustav built?
Sentence: The third fort built by the Swedes is the Fort Gustav, which is also seen in ruins strewn around the weather station and the Light House.
Question: How many media outlets does Washington University support?
Sentence: A variety of other publications also serve the university community, ranging from in-house academic journals to glossy alumni magazines to WUnderground, campus' student-run satirical newspaper.
Question: In 2014, what issue of U.S. News & World Report provided rankins for law schools?
Sentence: Classes are held in Green Hall at W 15th St and Burdick Dr, which is named after former dean James Green.
Question: What does copper wires along with zinc on roofs help to prevent?
Sentence: Together with zinc, copper wires may be placed over non-conductive roofing materials to discourage the growth of moss.[citation needed]
Question: In Australia, what percentage of passerine birds were partially migratory
Sentence: Partial migration can form a large percentage of the migration behaviour of birds in some regions; in Australia, surveys found that 44% of non-passerine birds and 32% of passerines were partially migratory.
Question: Why does DNA replication and transcription occur in the 5'→3' direction?
Sentence: Nucleic acid synthesis, including DNA replication and transcription occurs in the 5'→3' direction, because new nucleotides are added via a dehydration reaction that uses the exposed 3' hydroxyl as a nucleophile.:27.2
Question: What did the deputies collect in the Imam's behalf?
Sentence: Whenever the believers faced a problem, they would write their concerns and send them to his deputy.
Question: Are basic antennas expensive?
Sentence: Both the vertical and dipole antennas are simple in construction and relatively inexpensive.
Question: How much of the glaciation disappeared in Switzerland?
Sentence: Forty percent of the glaciation in Austria has disappeared since 1850, and 30% of that in Switzerland.
Question: Daft Punk, Stardust, Cassius, St. Germain, and DJ Falcon all came from what scene?
Sentence: Together, they laid the groundwork for what would be known as the French house movement.
Question: How many tonnes can the Queen Elizabeth class ships displace?
Sentence: They will be able to operate up to 40 aircraft in peace time with a tailored group of up to 50, and will have a displacement of 70,600 tonnes.
Question: What did the club membership grow to by 2009?
Sentence: The nickname culé for a Barcelona supporter is derived from the Catalan cul (English: arse), as the spectators at the first stadium, Camp de la Indústria, sat with their culs over the stand.
Question: Affluent American families are what type of families?
Sentence: Episcopalians and Presbyterians, as well as other WASPs, tend to be considerably wealthier and better educated (having graduate and post-graduate degrees per capita) than most other religious groups in United States, and are disproportionately represented in the upper reaches of American business, law and politics, especially the Republican Party.
Question: What river runs along the Jordan Rift Valley?
Sentence: The Jordan River runs along the Jordan Rift Valley, from Mount Hermon through the Hulah Valley and the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea, the lowest point on the surface of the Earth.
Question: When did Britain first use brass?
Sentence: Copper burial ornamentals from the 15th century have been uncovered, but the metal's commercial production did not start until the early 20th century.
Question: What percent of the Bronx is Cuban?
Sentence: Cubans numbered over 9,640 members and formed 0.7% of the population.
Question: What group's committees did Paul VI declare both bishops and cardinals could participate in?
Sentence: At the same time, the members of the College of Cardinals lost some of their previous influences, after Paul VI decreed, that not only cardinals but also bishops too may participate in committees of the Roman Curia.
Question: Who addressed the United nations on Myanmar's behalf in the fall 2011 ?
Sentence: Several activists in exile, including Thee Lay Thee Anyeint members, have returned to Myanmar after President Thein Sein's invitation to expatriates to return home to work for national development.
Question: What did the BBC say that Glencore used child labour for in 2012?
Sentence: Glencore denied it used child labour, and said it has strict policy of not using child labour.
Question: Treaties between indigenous peoples and what other groups formed an important part of political discourse in the late 20th and early 21st century?
Sentence: In the case of indigenous Australians, unlike with the Māori of New Zealand, no treaty was ever entered into with the indigenous peoples entitling the Europeans to land ownership, under the doctrine of terra nullius (later overturned by Mabo v Queensland, establishing the concept of native title well after colonization was already a fait accompli).
Question: In what century was Harsha's rule?
Sentence: This period produced some of India's finest art, considered the epitome of classical development, and the development of the main spiritual and philosophical systems which continued to be in Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism.