xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: How long had Nanjing been the capital city of Yangzhou?
Sentence: In the late period of Shang dynasty, Taibo of Zhou came to Jiangnan and established Wu state, and the first stop is in Nanjing area according to some historians based on discoveries in Taowu and Hushu culture.
Question: Who coined the term "abominable mystery"?
Sentence: Another possible whole genome duplication event at 160 million years ago perhaps created the ancestral line that led to all modern flowering plants.
Question: How many players can an NFL team have in the off-season?
Sentence: The league has tacitly forbidden the playing of non-league opponents, with the last interleague game having come in 1972 and the last game against a team other than an NFL team (the all-NFL rookie College All-Stars) was held in 1976.
Question: What was Frédéric's nationalities?
Sentence: " Chopin was born in what was then the Duchy of Warsaw, and grew up in Warsaw, which after 1815 became part of Congress Poland.
Question: Of all the countries in South America, which provided the most legal immigrants in 2013?
Sentence: Ecuador, Colombia, Guyana, Peru, and Brazil were the top source countries from South America for legal immigrants to the New York City region in 2013; the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, Haiti, and Trinidad and Tobago in the Caribbean; Egypt, Ghana, and Nigeria from Africa; and El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala in Central America.
Question: What did Tuvalu call for from other nations concerning reduction of carbon emissions?
Sentence: In December 2009 the islands stalled talks on climate change at the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Copenhagen, fearing some other developing countries were not committing fully to binding deals on a reduction in carbon emissions.
Question: Who designed the JK Bridge?
Sentence: The Juscelino Kubitschek bridge, also known as the 'President JK Bridge' or the 'JK Bridge', crosses Lake Paranoá in Brasília.
Question: The largest public radio station by listeners is what in New York?
Sentence: WNYC, a public radio station owned by the city until 1997, has the largest public radio audience in the United States.
Question: What are some examples of rudimentary organs that Darwin discusses in the chapter?
Sentence: Darwin discusses rudimentary organs, such as the wings of flightless birds and the rudiments of pelvis and leg bones found in some snakes.
Question: Of the three battles that occured north of Paris, which was the first that forced the French army to retreat?
Sentence: A second French army which operated north of Paris was turned back at the Battle of Amiens (27 November), the Battle of Bapaume (3 January 1871) and the Battle of St. Quentin (13 January).
Question: What is limited by Miami's high water table?
Sentence: As a result of the aquifer, it is not possible to dig more than 15 to 20 ft (5 to 6 m) beneath the city without hitting water, which impedes underground construction, though some underground parking garages exist.
Question: What Austrian General surprised the Prussian at Hochkirch?
Sentence: The war was continuing indecisively when on 14 October Marshal Daun's Austrians surprised the main Prussian army at the Battle of Hochkirch in Saxony.
Question: What are the individual images with action called in comics?
Sentence: Panels are individual images containing a segment of action, often surrounded by a border.
Question: How else is asthma classified?
Sentence: Asthma may also be classified as atopic (extrinsic) or non-atopic (intrinsic), based on whether symptoms are precipitated by allergens (atopic) or not (non-atopic).
Question: Keyboard instruments included the pip organ, harpsichord and what other instrument?
Sentence: One major difference between Baroque music and the classical era that followed it is that the types of instruments used in ensembles were much less standardized.
Question: What Wikipedia project makes use of the Old English language?
Sentence: By far the most ambitious project[peacock term] is the Old English Wikipedia, but most of the Neo-Old English texts published online bear little resemblance to the historical model and are riddled with very basic grammatical mistakes.
Question: Where did the Research Project Team find the obsidian tools?
Sentence: In 1999, the Eritrean Research Project Team composed of Eritrean, Canadian, American, Dutch and French scientists discovered a Paleolithic site with stone and obsidian tools dated to over 125,000 years old near the Bay of Zula south of Massawa, along the Red Sea littoral.
Question: How does kaolin create a more gentle light?
Sentence: Neodymium-containing glass is sometimes used to provide a more natural-appearing light.
Question: What text rejects the Ashkenazi prohibition against kitniyot?
Sentence: The Ashkenazi prohibition against eating kitniyot (grains and legumes such as rice, corn, beans, and peanuts) during Passover was explicitly rejected in the Talmud, has no known precedent before the 12th century and represented a minority position for hundreds of years thereafter, but nonetheless has remained a mandatory prohibition among Ashkenazi Orthodox Jews due to their historic adherence to the ReMA's rulings in the Shulchan Aruch.
Question: Three groups in São Nicolau make use of fire in the construction of what conveyance?
Sentence: In São Nicolau three groups, Copa Cabana, Estrela Azul and Brilho Da Zona constructs a painted float using fire, newspaper for the mold, iron and steel to for structure.
Question: Where did the population of Detroit shift to in the second half of the 20th century?
Sentence: The thousands of African Americans who came to Detroit were part of the Great Migration of the 20th century.
Question: Which two of the big four banks are headquartered in Melbourne?
Sentence: Two of the big four banks, NAB and ANZ, are headquartered in Melbourne.
Question: What street was intended to connect Plymouth Hoe to the railroad station?
Sentence: On 27 April 1944 Sir Patrick Abercrombie's Plan for Plymouth to rebuild the bomb-damaged city was published; it called for demolition of the few remaining pre-War buildings in the city centre to make way for their replacement with wide, parallel, modern boulevards aligned east–west linked by a north–south avenue (Armada Way) linking the railway station with the vista of Plymouth Hoe.
Question: What is the name of the prohibition against eating grains and legumes during Passover?
Sentence: For example, the now-widespread haredi tradition of cutting a boy's hair for the first time on his third birthday (upshirin or upsheerin, Yiddish for "haircut") "originated as an Arab custom that parents cut a newborn boy's hair and burned it in a fire as a sacrifice," and "Jews in Palestine learned this custom from Arabs and adapted it to a special Jewish context."
Question: What did the Vijayanagara Empire promote to unify Indian culture?
Sentence: The Vijayanagara Empire created an epoch in South Indian history that transcended regionalism by promoting Hinduism as a unifying factor.
Question: When did the English dub for the sixth season start airing?
Sentence: The English dub of the series began airing on Nickelodeon on September 7, 2013, which is produced by Saban Brands.
Question: Which company made the Wayback Machine?
Sentence: The Wayback Machine is a digital archive of the World Wide Web and other information on the Internet created by the Internet Archive, a nonprofit organization, based in San Francisco, California, United States.
Question: Were men travelling to London to become authors paid well or poorly by the publishing-bookselling guilds?
Sentence: This led to the creation of an oppositional literary sphere, Grub Street, the domain of a "multitude of versifiers and would-be authors".
Question: What was Georgie's father's name?
Sentence: Although the offer was made by George's mother and followed the year-long arrangement in 1872 where her son and his nurse had moved to quarters next to Bell's boarding house, it was clear that Mr. Sanders was backing the proposal.
Question: What shape is the sliver park where Houston Street, First Street, and First Avenue meet?
Sentence: East 1st Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A and continues to Bowery.
Question: Where did Chopin and Sand stay in Valldemossa?
Sentence: This compelled the group to take lodgings in a former Carthusian monastery in Valldemossa, which gave little shelter from the cold winter weather.
Question: What was the speed difference with new ENIAC?
Sentence: Complicated programs could be developed and debugged in days rather than the weeks required for plugboarding the old ENIAC.
Question: What was Victoria's reaction to the verdict?
Sentence: Victoria was outraged when he was found not guilty by reason of insanity, but was so pleased by the many expressions of loyalty after the attack that she said it was "worth being shot at—to see how much one is loved".
Question: In Buddhism, samatha meditation can calm the what?
Sentence: In Buddhist practice, it is said that while samatha meditation can calm the mind, only vipassanā meditation can reveal how the mind was disturbed to start with, which is what leads to insight knowledge (jñāna; Pāli ñāṇa) and understanding (prajñā Pāli paññā), and thus can lead to nirvāṇa (Pāli nibbāna).
Question: What did Imperial Airways and Pan American begin scheduling in 1937?
Sentence: In 1937, Imperial Airways and Pan American World Airways began operating scheduled flying-boat airline services from New York and Baltimore to Darrell's Island, Bermuda.
Question: CJFC, CHAT, and CKPG are owned by whom?
Sentence: Private CBC affiliates are not as common as they were in the past, as many such stations have been purchased either by the CBC itself or by Canwest Global or CHUM Limited, respectively becoming E! or
Question: What kind of mappings must be provided between characters in existing legacy character sets and those in Unicode?
Sentence: Lack of consistency in various mappings between earlier Japanese encodings such as Shift-JIS or EUC-JP and Unicode led to round-trip format conversion mismatches, particularly the mapping of the character JIS X 0208 '～'
Question: What did Elizabeth call her past year?
Sentence: In a speech on 24 November 1992, to mark the 40th anniversary of her accession, Elizabeth called 1992 her annus horribilis, meaning horrible year.
Question: What happened after the French and Indian War?
Sentence: After the French and Indian War, the Proclamation of 1763 restricted settlement for Great Britain's thirteen original colonies in North America to east of the summit line of the mountains (except in the northern regions where the Great Lakes formed the boundary).
Question: Who was the first missionary in Samoa?
Sentence: However, Robert Louis Stevenson, who lived in Samoa from 1889 until his death in 1894, wrote in A Footnote to History:
Question: Which Queen furthered the cult of Mary in the 6th Century?
Sentence: The cult of Mary was furthered by Queen Theodora in the 6th Century.
Question: The Times is printed solely in what format since 2004?
Sentence: Since 1 November 2004, the paper has been printed solely in tabloid format.
Question: What's one example in Tennessee's constitution?
Sentence: (Tennessee Constitution Article IX, Section 2 is one such example.)
Question: In what year did the Congress of Erfurt take place?
Sentence: A major strain on the relationship between the two nations became the regular violations of the Continental System by the Russians, which led Napoleon to threaten Alexander with serious consequences if he formed an alliance with Britain.
Question: What did Namibia transition to after white minority apartheid rule?
Sentence: Since independence Namibia has successfully completed the transition from white minority apartheid rule to parliamentary democracy.
Question: Who introduced the first major model for communication in 1949?
Sentence: The first major model for communication was introduced by Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver for Bell Laboratories in 1949 The original model was designed to mirror the functioning of radio and telephone technologies.
Question: How do birds conserve energy?
Sentence: Geese in a V-formation may conserve 12–20% of the energy they would need to fly alone.
Question: Along with Abbott and Costello and Edgar Bergen, what radio star appeared in Universal films?
Sentence: Some stars came from radio, including Edgar Bergen, W. C. Fields, and the comedy team of Abbott and Costello (Bud Abbott and Lou Costello).
Question: How many years did Ali Qushji spend in Istanbul?
Sentence: A great part of this desire for local and foreign manuscripts arose in the 15th Century.
Question: What was the first map to show the whole North American East coast?
Sentence: A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 aboard the purpose-built caravel "La Anunciada" and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Rio de San Antonio.
Question: What does RDN stand for?
Sentence: Government regulation especially in terms of licensing, is currently less universal for the CCN than that of RD or RDN.
Question: What is the estimate of current Mali enslavement?
Sentence: In the far north, there is a division between Berber-descendent Tuareg nomad populations and the darker-skinned Bella or Tamasheq people, due the historical spread of slavery in the region.
Question: What other three states were approved in the same year?
Sentence: In the 1880s, Helena (the current state capital) had more millionaires per capita than any other United States city.
Question: What genre uses multiple independent vocal melodies?
Sentence: Polyphonic vocal genres, which used multiple independent vocal melodies, began to develop during the high medieval era, becoming prevalent by the later 13th and early 14th century.
Question: Why was Swan's first lamp not commercially viable?
Sentence: Besides requiring too much current for a central station electric system to be practical, they had a very short lifetime.
Question: What was the name of the attack the Japanese had planned against San Diego?
Sentence: The plan was called "Operation Cherry Blossoms at Night" and called for kamikaze planes filled with fleas infected with plague (Yersinia pestis) to crash into civilian population centers in the city, hoping to spread plague in the city and effectively kill tens of thousands of civilians.
Question: What treaty was used by Stockton and Kearny on January 1, 1847?
Sentence: Stockton and Kearny went on to recover Los Angeles and force the capitulation of Alta California with the "Treaty of Cahuenga" on January 13, 1847.
Question: What is the oldest piece of Qutb Shahi architecture in Hyderabad?
Sentence: The Charminar, Qutb Shahi tombs and Golconda fort are considered to be monuments of national importance in India; in 2010 the Indian government proposed that the sites be listed for UNESCO World Heritage status.:11–18
Question: Who show the 2011 final?
Sentence: Many[who?] expected BSkyB to make a bid to show some of the remaining FA Cup games for the remainder of the 2009–10 season which would include a semi-final and shared rights to the final.
Question: Silkworms are used by humans for producing what?
Sentence: Silkworms and bees have been used extensively by humans for the production of silk and honey, respectively.
Question: For whom did de Peyster name Ellice's Island?
Sentence: Arent Schuyler de Peyster, of New York, captain of the armed brigantine or privateer Rebecca, sailing under British colours, which passed through the southern Tuvaluan waters in May 1819; de Peyster sighted Nukufetau and Funafuti, which he named Ellice's Island after an English Politician, Edward Ellice, the Member of Parliament for Coventry and the owner of the Rebecca's cargo.
Question: In binary fission. when does each genome separate into daughter cells?
Sentence: After DNA replication is complete, the cell must physically separate the two copies of the genome and divide into two distinct membrane-bound cells.:18.2 In prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) this usually occurs via a relatively simple process called binary fission, in which each circular genome attaches to the cell membrane and is separated into the daughter cells as the membrane invaginates to split the cytoplasm into two membrane-bound portions.
Question: Who were notable modern American mandolin manufacturers?
Sentence: Some notable modern American carved mandolin manufacturers include, in addition to Kay, Gibson, Weber, Monteleone and Collings.
Question: What percent of bannermen did the Han represent?
Sentence: Han Chinese Banners were made up of Han Chinese who defected to the Qing up to 1644 and joined the Eight Banners, giving them social and legal privileges in addition to being acculturated to Manchu culture.
Question: What museum is located in Hamden on Whitney Street and dedicated to a notable New Haven inventor?
Sentence: There is also the Connecticut Children's Museum; the Knights of Columbus museum near that organization's world headquarters; the Peabody Museum of Natural History; the Yale University Collection of Musical Instruments; the Eli Whitney Museum (across the town line in Hamden, Connecticut, on Whitney Avenue); the Yale Center for British Art, which houses the largest collection of British art outside the U.K., and the Yale University Art Gallery, the nation's oldest college art museum.[citation needed]
Question: What is the government called in the three free states of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia?
Sentence: In the three free states of Bavaria, Saxony, and Thuringia the government is referred to as the State Government (Staatsregierung), and in the other ten states the term Land Government (Landesregierung) is used.
Question: What percentage of soil contained T. canis eggs in Great Britain public parks?
Sentence: In the United States, about 10,000 cases of Toxocara infection are reported in humans each year, and almost 14% of the U.S. population is infected.
Question: How many times has KU won the national debate championship?
Sentence: The University of Kansas has had more teams (70) compete in the National Debate Tournament than any other university.
Question: Where can police shoot fleeing convicts?
Sentence: Police officers often carry handcuffs to restrain suspects.
Question: What are painted do to city policy?
Sentence: South Tucson is widely known for its many Mexican restaurants and the architectural styles which include bright outdoor murals, many of which have been painted over due to city policy.
Question: What does Sigmunds idea theorize?
Sentence: Freud did not claim that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders.
Question: At long range what, in theory, could be used to set ranging calculations?
Sentence: At long range, the aircraft remains in firing range for a long time, so the necessary calculations can in theory be done by slide rules - though, because small errors in distance cause large errors in shell fall height and detonation time, exact ranging is crucial.
Question: What was considered a lesser class of designers?
Sentence: But as the period came to an end many commercial projects were becoming sufficiently large, and well-funded, to become "architectural in intention", rather than having their design left to the lesser class of "surveyors".
Question: What were all these tents and quilts for?
Sentence: The Sichuan Ministry of Civil Affairs said that they have provided 30,000 tents for those left homeless.
Question: Which dynasty did Asif Jah I create?
Sentence: The Nizami influence can still be seen in the culture of the Hyderabadi Muslims.
Question: How many penalty yards are awarded when the ball is nearer the goal line than the usual penalty yardage?
Sentence: If the original penalty yardage would have resulted in a first down or moving the ball past the goal line, a first down is awarded.
Question: What is The Times current price for the daily edition?
Sentence: The Times current prices are £1.20 for the daily edition and £1.50 for the Saturday edition.
Question: Where was the Philips Introduce Compact disc conference held?
Sentence: A week later, on 8 March, Philips publicly demonstrated a prototype of an optical digital audio disc at a press conference called "Philips Introduce Compact Disc" in Eindhoven, Netherlands.
Question: What is the profession of the individual who referred to Somalia as a "Nation of Bards"?
Sentence: Due to the Somali people's passionate love for and facility with poetry, Somalia has often been referred to by scholars as a "Nation of Poets" and a "Nation of Bards" including, among others, the Canadian novelist Margaret Laurence.
Question: Rhythm is an example of which features of Quranic recitation covered by tajwid?
Sentence: The proper recitation of the Quran is the subject of a separate discipline named tajwid which determines in detail how the Quran should be recited, how each individual syllable is to be pronounced, the need to pay attention to the places where there should be a pause, to elisions, where the pronunciation should be long or short, where letters should be sounded together and where they should be kept separate, etc.
Question: In what neighborhood does the Halloween Parade take place?
Sentence: Major tourist destinations include Times Square; Broadway theater productions; the Empire State Building; the Statue of Liberty; Ellis Island; the United Nations Headquarters; museums such as the Metropolitan Museum of Art; greenspaces such as Central Park and Washington Square Park; Rockefeller Center; the Manhattan Chinatown; luxury shopping along Fifth and Madison Avenues; and events such as the Halloween Parade in Greenwich Village; the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade; the lighting of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree; the St. Patrick's Day parade; seasonal activities such as ice skating in Central Park in the wintertime; the Tribeca Film Festival; and free performances in Central Park at Summerstage.
Question: Where can you see a permanent exhibition of Bermuda currency?
Sentence: US notes and coins are used interchangeably with Bermudian notes and coins within the islands for most practical purposes; however, banks levy an exchange rate fee for the purchase of US dollars with Bermudian dollars.
Question: Which islands were a part of the Spanish East Indies?
Sentence: The rest of the island of New Guinea which is not part of Indonesia, namely, Papua New Guinea, is sometimes included so are Palau, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands, which were all part of the Spanish East Indies.[citation needed]
Question: What company produces Plymouth Gin?
Sentence: During the 1930s, it was the most widely distributed gin and has a controlled term of origin.
Question: Which former director defended UNFPA?
Sentence: Dr. Nafis Sadik, former director of UNFPA said her agency had been pivotal in reversing China's coercive population control methods, but a 2005 report by Amnesty International and a separate report by the United States State Department found that coercive techniques were still regularly employed by the Chinese, casting doubt upon Sadik's statements.
Question: During the Middle Ages, some Jews assimilated into the dominant Greek and Latin cultures by doing what?
Sentence: In Gaul and Germany itself, with the possible exception of Trier and Cologne, the archeological evidence suggests at most a fleeting presence of very few Jews, primarily itinerant traders or artisans.
Question: Are there any alternatives to the public school system in Burma ?
Sentence: The education system is based on the United Kingdom's system due to nearly a century of British and Christian presences in Myanmar.
Question: What year did China and Japan reach a stalemate?
Sentence: By 1941 the conflict had become a stalemate.
Question: How often are pesticides produced more recently evaluated for safety?
Sentence: All registered pesticides are reviewed every 15 years to ensure they meet the proper standards.