xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What effect does highly sensitive film have on images?
Sentence: Relatively insensitive film, with a correspondingly lower speed index, requires more exposure to light to produce the same image density as a more sensitive film, and is thus commonly termed a slow film.
Question: What has Hayek's views on the market been used to defend?
Sentence: As such, one need not endorse Hayek’s analysis of markets to endorse ecosystems as spontaneous orders.
Question: Where did Europeans come into contact with other groups?
Sentence: Groups of humans have always identified themselves as distinct from neighboring groups, but such differences have not always been understood to be natural, immutable and global.
Question: The Abhidharma texts are from what time?
Sentence: Every school had its own version of the Abhidharma, with different theories and different texts.
Question: What do virtually all culture techniques rely on at some point?
Sentence: This technique is especially useful in the diagnosis of viral diseases, where the light microscope is incapable of identifying a virus directly.
Question: What are the goals of the Independent and State School Partnership?
Sentence: The ISSP's aims are "to raise pupil achievement, improve pupil self-esteem, raise pupil aspirations and improve professional practice across the schools".
Question: where were the penguins transported for cleaning?
Sentence: Nightingale Island has no fresh water, so the penguins were transported to Tristan da Cunha for cleaning.
Question: Who was Universal's chairman of the board of directors after the Standard Captial takeover?
Sentence: Standard Capital's J. Cheever Cowdin had taken over as president and chairman of the board of directors, and instituted severe cuts in production budgets.
Question: How many wards make up Cork?
Sentence: Cork City Council has 31 elected members representing six electoral wards.
Question: Which province is often left out?
Sentence: A common variant definition does not include the Adirondack Mountains, which geologically belong to the Grenville Orogeny and have a different geological history from the rest of the Appalachians.
Question: When did Free break up?
Sentence: The latter featured the single "Bohemian Rhapsody", which stayed at number one in the UK charts for nine weeks.
Question: How might wasted power be salvaged?
Sentence: Resistors allow control of the motor speed, although significant power is dissipated in the external resistance.
Question: What are two of the most successful animal phyla?
Sentence: The Lophotrochozoa, evolved within Protostomia, include two of the most successful animal phyla, the Mollusca and Annelida.
Question: Were the Spanish able to police the backwoods settlements
Sentence: Though technically not allowed by the Spanish authorities, the Spanish were never able to effectively police the border region and the backwoods settlers from the United States would continue to migrate into Florida unchecked.
Question: What magazine ranked the 360 as the second best console of the 1993-2013 period?
Sentence: In 2009, IGN named the Xbox 360 the sixth-greatest video game console of all time, out of a field of 25.
Question: When was the Chrysler building built in NYC?
Sentence: The Condé Nast Building (2000) is a prominent example of green design in American skyscrapers and has received an award from the American Institute of Architects as well as AIA New York State for its design.
Question: What is the main source used for creating MP3 files?
Sentence: A sample rate of 44.1 kHz is almost always used, because this is also used for CD audio, the main source used for creating MP3 files.
Question: What was the population of people in New York that were not Caucasian in 1890?
Sentence: New York's non-white population was 36,620 in 1890.
Question: How many Fortune 500 companies are based in Oklahoma?
Sentence: Four Fortune 500 companies and six Fortune 1000 companies are headquartered in Oklahoma, and it has been rated one of the most business-friendly states in the nation, with the 7th-lowest tax burden in 2007.
Question: What is a well capitalized ratio?
Sentence: IndyMac concluded that these downgrades would have negatively impacted the Company's risk-based capital ratio as of June 30, 2008.
Question: How long did Paul VI live for after experiencing a massive heart attack in 1978?
Sentence: In his will, he requested to be buried in the "true earth" and therefore, he does not have an ornate sarcophagus but an in-ground grave.
Question: What did the growth of national leagues cause a serious decline in?
Sentence: By the year 2000, national leagues were established in almost every country throughout the world, as well as local or regional leagues for lower level teams, thus the significance of friendlies has seriously declined since the 19th century.
Question: Who descended from Romance-speaking Vlachs?
Sentence: The Gorals of southern Poland and northern Slovakia are partially descended from Romance-speaking Vlachs who migrated into the region from the 14th to 17th centuries and were absorbed into the local population.
Question: What can impact accurately assesing sexual identity?
Sentence: Often, sexual orientation and sexual orientation identity are not distinguished, which can impact accurately assessing sexual identity and whether or not sexual orientation is able to change; sexual orientation identity can change throughout an individual's life, and may or may not align with biological sex, sexual behavior or actual sexual orientation.
Question: What methods are used to remove non-audible components of audio signals?
Sentence: Voice compression is used in internet telephony, for example, audio compression is used for CD ripping and is decoded by the audio players.
Question: Who noted the severe erosion of the mountains?
Sentence: In the Miocene Epoch the mountains underwent severe erosion because of glaciation, which was noted in the mid-19th century by naturalist Louis Agassiz who presented a paper proclaiming the Alps were covered in ice at various intervals—a theory he formed when studying rocks near his Neuchâtel home which he believed originated to the west in the Bernese Oberland.
Question: What league did the Spokane Shock join after the 2015 season?
Sentence: Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL.
Question: What percentage of the City of Boston's population is 20 to 24?
Sentence: 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
Question: Who recorded the earliest records of migration?
Sentence: Historically, migration has been recorded as much as 3,000 years ago by Ancient Greek authors including Homer and Aristotle, and in the Book of Job, for species such as storks, turtle doves, and swallows.
Question: Buckingham Palace was untouched during which war?
Sentence: During World War I, the palace, then the home of King George V and Queen Mary, escaped unscathed.
Question: How many people in Ireland speak Russian?
Sentence: Significant Russian-speaking groups also exist in Western Europe.
Question: What television network in Asia shows American Idol?
Sentence: In Latin America, the show is broadcast and subtitled by Sony Entertainment Television.
Question: Who gave more exposure to the term heresy when attempting to descredit opponents during the early centuries of Christianity?
Sentence: The use of the word "heresy" was given wide currency by Irenaeus in his 2nd century tract Contra Haereses (Against Heresies) to describe and discredit his opponents during the early centuries of the Christian community.[citation needed]
Question: What TV network shares a parent with Marvel?
Sentence: With ABC, a Once Upon a Time graphic novel was announced for publication in September.
Question: What is implied when two witnesses have a number of errors in common?
Sentence: This specific meaning shows the relationships of the surviving witnesses (the first known example of such a stemma, albeit with the name, dates from 1827).
Question: What military unit was sent from outside of Arkansas to oversee desegregation?
Sentence: In 1957, the state of Arkansas refused to honor a federal court order to integrate their public school system stemming from the Brown decision.
Question: How long is the border that San Diego shares with Mexico?
Sentence: The city shares a 15-mile (24 km) border with Mexico that includes two border crossings.
Question: How did Watanabe get his influence?
Sentence: Watanabe was one influenced by American comics, which were beginning to gain popularity in Japan, and as such began to make his characters look stronger and "cool." The character creation process, however, has for most of the franchise's history been collaborative and reliant on conversation and brainstorming.
Question: In practice, Pre-Columbian refers to the history of the indigenous cultures of America prior to Europeans doing what to them?
Sentence: While technically referring to the era before Christopher Columbus' voyages of 1492 to 1504, in practice the term usually includes the history of American indigenous cultures until Europeans either conquered or significantly influenced them, even if this happened decades or even centuries after Columbus' initial landing.
Question: How many people are living in Tajikistan?
Sentence: Traditional homelands of Tajik people included present-day Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Uzbekistan.
Question: When was the Second Opium War?
Sentence: In 1860, during the Second Opium War, the capital Beijing was captured and the Summer Palace sacked by a relatively small Anglo-French coalition force numbering 25,000.
Question: What is Himachal Pradesh rank according to the 2005 Transparency international survey?
Sentence: The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed]
Question: What mistreatment did Gaddafi say that British soldiers subjected him to?
Sentence: He later related that while he travelled to England believing it more advanced than Libya, he returned home "more confident and proud of our values, ideals and social character."
Question: What was the charity that Liszt and Chopin last performed for?
Sentence: The first, on 2 April 1833, was at a benefit concert organized by Hector Berlioz for his bankrupt Shakespearean actress wife Harriet Smithson, during which they played George Onslow's Sonata in F minor for piano duet.
Question: What award did Nowhere in Africa win in 2002?
Sentence: The Berlin International Film Festival, held yearly since 1951, is one of the world's foremost film and cinema festivals.
Question: What music is the Carnival celebrated with in the Chota Valley?
Sentence: In Azogues and the Southern Andes in general, Taita Carnival is always an indigenous Cañari.
Question: How many users were affected by the increase in malware?
Sentence: An estimated 100,000 users were affected.
Question: Why are species can be difficult to classify because they?
Sentence: Carnivorous plants would be very difficult to fit into this classification, producing their own food but also digesting anything that they may trap.
Question: In what type of organism will a specialized form of cell division called meiosis produce cells called gametes?
Sentence: In sexually reproducing organisms, a specialized form of cell division called meiosis produces cells called gametes or germ cells that are haploid, or contain only one copy of each gene.:20.2
Question: How many of the M2HB guns were mounted together on the M45 Quadmount weapons system?
Sentence: A plethora of anti-aircraft gun systems of smaller calibre were available to the German Wehrmacht combined forces, and among them the 1940-origin Flakvierling quadruple-20 mm-gun antiaircraft weapon system was one of the most often-seen weapons, seeing service on both land and sea.
Question: In 1914 what was the name of the film company that was founded?
Sentence: (Δάφνις και Χλόη), containing the first nude scene in the history of European cinema; it was also the first Greek movie which was played abroad.
Question: Under which mountains are the railway tunnels being built for the Alp-Transit project?
Sentence: The network is administered mainly by the Federal Railways, except in Graubünden, where the 366 km (227 mi) narrow gauge railway is operated by the Rhaetian Railways and includes some World Heritage lines.
Question: What year was Reval granted with Lübeck city rights?
Sentence: Reval was granted Lübeck city rights (1248) and joined the Hanseatic League.
Question: From which language did the Tsakonian language derive?
Sentence: The Tsakonian language, a distinct Greek language deriving from Doric Greek instead of Ionic Greek, is still spoken in some villages in the southeastern Peloponnese.
Question: What was the less expensive version of the Macintosh SE that was offered until 2001?
Sentence: The Macintosh Classic, essentially a less expensive version of the Macintosh SE, was the least expensive Mac offered until early 2001.
Question: Whose energy levels are lower than the electrons in the electroluminescence process?
Sentence: Thus the energy level of the holes will be lesser than the energy levels of the electrons.
Question: How does she describe Sasha?
Sentence: Described as being "sexy, seductive and provocative" when performing on stage, Beyoncé has said that she originally created the alter ego "Sasha Fierce" to keep that stage persona separate from who she really is.
Question: What did Nasser want to use the agreement to do?
Sentence: Nasser had initially rejected the plan, but conceded under pressure from the Soviet Union, which feared that escalating regional conflict could drag it into a war with the US.
Question: Is there a pplace where lovers of the chicken are able to see some of its best attributes ?
Sentence: Sometimes, poultry shows are part of general livestock shows, and sometimes they are separate events such as the annual "National Championship Show" in the United Kingdom organised by the Poultry Club of Great Britain.
Question: Who wrote that the book forces readers to question issues without resolving them?
Sentence: Defending the book, Akin Ajayi writes that justice "is often complicated, but must always be founded upon the notion of equality and fairness for all."
Question: What museum has a branch at the Santa Fe Depot?
Sentence: Many popular museums, such as the San Diego Museum of Art, the San Diego Natural History Museum, the San Diego Museum of Man, the Museum of Photographic Arts, and the San Diego Air & Space Museum are located in Balboa Park, which is also the location of the San Diego Zoo.
Question: What percent of undergraduate students live on campus at Washington University?
Sentence: Bear's Den (the largest dining hall on campus), the Habif Health and Wellness Center (Student Health Services), the Residential Life Office, University Police Headquarters, various student-owned businesses (e.g. the laundry service, Wash U Wash), and the baseball, softball, and intramural fields are also located on the South 40.
Question: East 1st Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A and continues to where?
Sentence: East 1st Street begins just North of East Houston Street at Avenue A and continues to Bowery.
Question: Besides the sugar and the four bases, what else does DNA consist of?
Sentence: DNA consists of a chain made from four types of nucleotide subunits, each composed of: a five-carbon sugar (2'-deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and one of the four bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine.:2.1
Question: Outside of state funded schools, and funds coming from donors, how might a university collect funds?
Sentence: In some countries the vast majority of students attend university in their local town, while in other countries universities attract students from all over the world, and may provide university accommodation for their students.
Question: Around what time did Lobund of Notre Dame become independent?
Sentence: Lobund was the first research organization to answer definitively, that such life is possible and that it can be prolonged through generations.
Question: What type of anthropology commitment is noticing and documenting genocide?
Sentence: Ethical commitments in anthropology include noticing and documenting genocide, infanticide, racism, mutilation (including circumcision and subincision), and torture.
Question: Who granted Imperial degree-awarding powers?
Sentence: The London Centre for Nanotechnology was established in the same year as a joint venture between UCL and Imperial College London.
Question: How many troops can Japan's largest military ship carry?
Sentence: For other operations, 400 troops and fifty 3.5 t trucks (or equivalent equipment) can also be carried.
Question: Where did the Gurkhas come into power?
Sentence: They came into direct conflict with the British along the tarai belt after which the British expelled them from the provinces of the Satluj.
Question: What happened in India during the Neolithic period?
Sentence: The Mesolithic period in the Indian subcontinent was followed by the Neolithic period, when more extensive settlement of the subcontinent occurred after the end of the last Ice Age approximately 12,000 years ago.
Question: What is the main reason that countries were excluded from the 2014 report?
Sentence: The following United Nations Member States were not included in the 2014 report: North Korea, Marshall Islands, Monaco, Nauru, San Marino, Somalia, India, Pakistan, South Sudan, and Tuvalu.
Question: What was one of the factors for this behavior in Africa?
Sentence: In contrast, Asian administrations such as Suharto's New Order often took a cut on business transactions or provided conditions for development, through infrastructure investment, law and order, etc.
Question: What are common dishes in Guinea-Bissau?
Sentence: Spices, peppers and chilis are used in cooking, including Aframomum melegueta seeds (Guinea pepper).
Question: What area in Houston is the home of the Houston Baptist University?
Sentence: Houston Baptist University, affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas, offers bachelor's and graduate degrees.
Question: What has the Mexican government promoted in some indigenous rural communities?
Sentence: The Mexican government has promoted and established bilingual primary and secondary education in some indigenous rural communities.
Question: The North Aegean islands are located where?
Sentence: The Argo-Saronic Islands in the Saronic gulf near Athens, the Cyclades, a large but dense collection occupying the central part of the Aegean Sea, the North Aegean islands, a loose grouping off the west coast of Turkey, the Dodecanese, another loose collection in the southeast between Crete and Turkey, the Sporades, a small tight group off the coast of northeast Euboea, and the Ionian Islands, located to the west of the mainland in the Ionian Sea.
Question: Proto-Slavic is a descendant of what?
Sentence: Proto-Slavic, the supposed ancestor language of all Slavic languages, is a descendant of common Proto-Indo-European, via a Balto-Slavic stage in which it developed numerous lexical and morphophonological isoglosses with the Baltic languages.
Question: What percent of the population are resident foreign nationals?
Sentence: Bern has a population of 140,634 people and 34% of the population are resident foreign nationals.
Question: Along with Sakhalin Island, what islands were occupied by the Soviets after the Second World War?
Sentence: At the end of World War II Soviet troops occupied southern Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands, making them part of the RSFSR.
Question: In addition to the Mayflower Theatre, what's Southampton's other big venue for live music?
Sentence: Southampton has two large live music venues, the Mayflower Theatre (formerly the Gaumont Theatre) and the Guildhall.
Question: What is samsara?
Sentence: In the Buddhist view, liberation from samsara is possible by following the Buddhist path.
Question: To what is the organic matter in asphalt similar?
Sentence: The vast Alberta bitumen resources are believed to have started out as living material from marine plants and animals, mainly algae, that died millions of years ago when an ancient ocean covered Alberta.
Question: John attempted conversion of what in exchange for military aid?
Sentence: Reliable accounts of the middle and later parts of John's reign are more limited, with Gervase of Canterbury and Ralph of Coggeshall writing the main accounts; neither of them were positive about John's performance as king.
Question: Who was the London Weekend Television's managing director?
Sentence: The five clubs decided it was a good idea and decided to press ahead with it; however, the league would have no credibility without the backing of The Football Association and so David Dein of Arsenal held talks to see whether the FA were receptive to the idea.
Question: The Vietnam War was an element of what US diplomatic policy?
Sentence: Critics see the conflict as a "quagmire"—an endless waste of American blood and treasure in a conflict that did not concern US interests.
Question: When was the original USB 1.0 Specification introduced?
Sentence: The original USB 1.0 specification, which was introduced in January 1996, defined data transfer rates of 1.5 Mbit/s "Low Speed" and 12 Mbit/s "Full Speed".
Question: In 1963, a notable double agent providing valuable and high-quality reporting for The Times during a war in the late 1930s eventually defected to which country?
Sentence: He later joined MI6 during World War II, was promoted into senior positions after the war ended, then eventually defected to the Soviet Union in 1963.
Question: What is another way of phrasing "time order"?
Sentence: A sequence of events that includes the time along with place or location information to describe a sequential path may be referred to as a world line.
Question: What was MIT originally known as?
Sentence: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which originated in Boston and was long known as "Boston Tech", moved across the river to Cambridge in 1916.
Question: What two genres cut into hard rock's popularity at the end of the 1980s and early 1990s?
Sentence: Hard rock began losing popularity with the commercial success of grunge and later Britpop in the 1990s.
Question: What is the Relch Security Main Office also called?
Sentence: While the number is not accurately known, it is estimated that between 80,000 and 200,000 Freemasons were killed under the Nazi regime.
Question: Where do you find dialectic vowel reductions?
Sentence: In Central Catalan, unstressed vowels reduce to three: /a
Question: When did Methodist and Baptist preachers oppose slavery and urge manumission?
Sentence: Whereas in the First Great Awakening, Methodist and Baptist preachers had opposed slavery and urged manumission, over the decades they made more of an accommodation with the institution.
Question: Along with potassium-40 and uranium, the decay of what element is a primary heat source driving plate tectonics?
Sentence: Uranium is a naturally occurring element that can be found in low levels within all rock, soil, and water.
Question: About what percentage of Plymouth's income comes from the Dockyard?
Sentence: Other substantial employers include the university with almost 3,000 staff, as well as the Tamar Science Park employing 500 people in 50 companies.
Question: What notable Nepali figure died in a Kathmandu earthquake?
Sentence: Despite the initial hardships, Kathmandu rose to prominence again and, during most of the Malla era, dominated the trade between India and Tibet.
Question: How much money did the film "Jaws" gross worldwide?
Sentence: It also set the domestic record for box office gross, leading to what the press described as "Jawsmania.":248 Jaws made Spielberg a household name and one of America's youngest multi-millionaires, allowing him a great deal of autonomy for his future projects.:250