xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: In 1863, why was Aboriginal population declining?
Sentence: The Aboriginal population continued to decline with an estimated 80% total decrease by 1863, due primarily to introduced diseases, particularly smallpox, frontier violence and dispossession from their lands.
Question: What do bacteria use as carbon and energy sources?
Sentence: Such elements as the Agrobacterium Ti or Ri plasmids contain elements that can transfer to plant cells.
Question: who was the resident DJ at The Warehouse in Chicago?
Sentence: Clubbers to The Warehouse were primarily black and gay, who came to dance to music played by the club's resident DJ Frankie Knuckles, whom fans refer to as the "godfather of house".
Question: The first private company to offer Hyderabad internet service began offering it in what year?
Sentence: The first public internet access service began in 1995, with the first private sector internet service provider (ISP) starting operations in 1998.
Question: What part of Oklahoma is the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in?
Sentence: With 39,000 acres (158 km2), the Tallgrass Prairie Preserve in north-central Oklahoma is the largest protected area of tallgrass prairie in the world and is part of an ecosystem that encompasses only 10 percent of its former land area, once covering 14 states.
Question: What did Beatrice do to her mothers diaries after her death?
Sentence: According to one of her biographers, Giles St Aubyn, Victoria wrote an average of 2,500 words a day during her adult life.
Question: What did the Colloquy of Marburg become infamous for?
Sentence: A meeting was held in his castle in 1529, now known as the Colloquy of Marburg, which has become infamous for its failure.
Question: What type of names do "blacks" have?
Sentence: Other than by appearance, "Coloureds" can usually be distinguished from "Blacks" by language.
Question: How do we know that wine was made in ancient Egypt?
Sentence: Thus it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz, a city in Persia where the grape was used to make Shirazi wine.[citation needed]
Question: Because all five were in the top ten of Billboard's charts, this made Idol what?
Sentence: Starting late in season five, individual performances were released during the season as digital downloads, initially from the American Idol official website only.
Question: What is another name Free Radio San Diego is known by?
Sentence: The radio stations in San Diego include nationwide broadcaster, Clear Channel Communications; CBS Radio, Midwest Television, Lincoln Financial Media, Finest City Broadcasting, and many other smaller stations and networks.
Question: Along with All-4-One, Boyz II Men, Rob Thomas, Christina Aguilera and Backstreet Boys, what 90s artists were notable in the pop/R&B genre?
Sentence: Latin pop artists such as Lynda Thomas, Ricky Martin, Marc Anthony, Selena, Enrique Iglesias and Luis Miguel also enjoyed success in the AC charts.
Question: In the 2006 study, Southampton was discovered to be one of the lowest carbon emitters out of major cities in what large geographical area?
Sentence: In a 2006 survey of carbon emissions in major UK cities conducted by British Gas, Southampton was ranked as being one of the lowest carbon emitting cities in the United Kingdom.
Question: What is the name of another French Dominican friar during this time?
Sentence: The Dominicans of the province of France furnished Lacordaire (1835–1836, 1843–1851), Jacques Monsabré (1869–1870, 1872–1890), Joseph Ollivier (1871, 1897), Thomas Etourneau (1898–1902).[citation needed]
Question: What type of educational plan does the Central Board of Secondary Education use in Hyderabad?
Sentence: Depending on the institution, students are required to sit the Secondary School Certificate or the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education.
Question: When was the Treaty of Paris signed?
Sentence: The war was officially ended by the Treaty of Paris, signed on 30 March 1856.
Question: How many of Carl Laemmle, Sr.'s relatives were working for Universal as of 1928?
Sentence: Many of them were nephews, resulting in Carl, Sr. being known around the studios as "Uncle Carl."
Question: What town did Choules say had the only Main Street more beautiful than Southampton's?
Sentence: The High Street opens from the quay, and under various names it winds in a gently sweeping line for one mile and a half, and is of very handsome width.
Question: When was the first Sino-Japanese War?
Sentence: When, in response to the violently anti-foreign Yihetuan ("Boxers"), foreign powers invaded China, the Empress Dowager declared war on them, leading to defeat and the flight of the Imperial Court to Xi'an.
Question: What must the referee do to rule the match at an end via disqualification?
Sentence: In practice, not all rule violations will result in a disqualification as the referee may use their own judgement and is not obligated to stop the match.
Question: What is the name of the earliest dynastic Sumerian king?
Sentence: (c. 26th century BC), whose name is also mentioned in the Gilgamesh epic—leading to the suggestion that Gilgamesh himself might have been a historical king of Uruk.
Question: How long was Jesus said to be in the tomb?
Sentence: Others have countered by saying that this ignores the Jewish idiom by which a "day and night" may refer to any part of a 24-hour period, that the expression in Matthew is idiomatic, not a statement that Jesus was 72 hours in the tomb, and that the many references to a resurrection on the third day do not require three literal nights.
Question: What is one type of configuration in which a capacitor may have its connecting leads organized?
Sentence: The leads (until bent) are usually in planes parallel to that of the flat body of the capacitor, and extend in the same direction; they are often parallel as manufactured.
Question: MediaOne merged with what telecommunications company?
Sentence: However, MediaOne decided to accept AT&T Corporation's offer of $62 billion instead.
Question: What are some of the negative experiences that peer pressure can influence during adolescence?
Sentence: Further evidence of peers hindering social development has been found in Spanish teenagers, where emotional (rather than solution-based) reactions to problems and emotional instability have been linked with physical aggression against peers.
Question: Who was sent to negotiate a peace treaty with the rebels?
Sentence: Hearing of the seriousness of the revolt, Emperor Charles V (also King of Spain) sent captain Francisco Barrionuevo to negotiate a peace treaty with the ever-increasing number of rebels.
Question: How many quake lakes formed?
Sentence: As of May 27, 2008, 34 lakes had formed due to earthquake debris blocking and damming rivers, and it was estimated that 28 of them were still of potential danger to the local people.
Question: A Soviet double agent working for The Times in Spain was a war correspondent during what war in the late 1930s?
Sentence: Kim Philby, a Soviet double agent, was a correspondent for the newspaper in Spain during the Spanish Civil War of the late 1930s.
Question: What did Hume bring to empiricism?
Sentence: Hume argued in keeping with the empiricist view that all knowledge derives from sense experience, but he accepted that this has implications not normally acceptable to philosophers.
Question: What were the issue dates of the three-episode series on this public health issue?
Sentence: However, the industry's self-censorship board, the Comics Code Authority, refused to approve the story because of the presence of narcotics, deeming the context of the story irrelevant.
Question: When were the first set of subsidiary forts planned?
Sentence: However, this plan came to fruition only in November 1723, when Captain Manuel Henriques de Noronha reached the shores of Montevideo with soldiers, guns and colonists on his warship Nossa Senhora de Oliveara.
Question: John sent William Longespee to retake what?
Sentence: Having regained the south-east John split his forces, sending William Longespée to retake the north side of London and East Anglia, whilst John himself headed north via Nottingham to attack the estates of the northern barons.
Question: What portion of the biosphere would be devastated absent the complex pollination role of insects?
Sentence: Insect pollinators are essential to the life-cycle of many flowering plant species on which most organisms, including humans, are at least partly dependent; without them, the terrestrial portion of the biosphere (including humans) would be devastated.
Question: When did the FAA decide to expand passengers use of portable elctronic devices during all phases of flight?
Sentence: On October 31, 2013, after outcry from media outlets, including heavy criticism  from Nick Bilton of The New York Times, the FAA announced it will allow airlines to expand the passengers use of portable electronic devices during all phases of flight, but mobile phone calls will still be prohibited.
Question: What does LSO stand for?
Sentence: Conventional ("tailhook") aircraft rely upon a landing signal officer (LSO, radio call sign paddles) to monitor the aircraft's approach, visually gauge glideslope, attitude, and airspeed, and transmit that data to the pilot.
Question: What region of dialects is the Volga River area in?
Sentence: Besides the absence of vowel reduction, some dialects have high or diphthongal /e
Question: What kind of style does the Neapolitan mandolin have?
Sentence: It usually has a bent sound table, canted in two planes with the design to take the tension of the 8 metal strings arranged in four courses.
Question: When was the first satellite for the BeiDou-1 system launched?
Sentence: The last operational satellite of the constellation, BeiDou-1C, was launched on May 25, 2003.
Question: What album did she re-release in Spanish?
Sentence: While she almost exclusively releases English songs, Beyoncé recorded several Spanish songs for Irreemplazable (re-recordings of songs from B'Day for a Spanish-language audience), and the re-release of B'Day.
Question: When do the Vedas date back to?
Sentence: The earliest recorded Western philosophy of time was expounded by the ancient Egyptian thinker Ptahhotep (c. 2650–2600 BC), who said, "Do not lessen the time of following desire, for the wasting of time is an abomination to the spirit."
Question: How is a coreless motor cooled?
Sentence: But because there is no metal mass in the rotor to act as a heat sink, even small coreless motors must often be cooled by forced air.
Question: Where does Mac hardware boot directly to in all Intel-based Macs?
Sentence: The most common workaround, is to boot into Mac OS and then to hand over control to a Mac OS-based bootloader application.
Question: At what point did instruments begin to receive condemnation from Christians?
Sentence: Toward the end of the 2nd century, Christians began condemning the instruments themselves.
Question: What party was Helsinki-86 in disagreement with?
Sentence: The CTAG (Latvian: Cilvēktiesību aizstāvības grupa, Human Rights Defense Group) Helsinki-86 was founded in July 1986 in the Latvian port town of Liepāja by three workers: Linards Grantiņš, Raimonds Bitenieks, and Mārtiņš Bariss.
Question: In what year was home brewing first allowed in the UK?
Sentence: A dedicated building for the making of beer is called a brewery, though beer can be made in the home and has been for much of its history.
Question: What attributes do religions all roughly share?
Sentence: Different religious traditions assign differing (though often similar) attributes and characteristics to God, including expansive powers and abilities, psychological characteristics, gender characteristics, and preferred nomenclature.
Question: Near what body of water did al-Umari say Ifat was located?
Sentence: The Sultanate of Ifat, led by the Walashma dynasty with its capital at Zeila, ruled over parts of what is now eastern Ethiopia, Djibouti, and northern Somalia.
Question: When was Swansea City's home match played against Wigan Athletic?
Sentence: The first Premier League match to be played outside England was Swansea City's home match at the Liberty Stadium against Wigan Athletic on 20 August 2011.
Question: What was the necklace made of?
Sentence: The other gods tricked Hera into letting her go by offering her a necklace, nine yards (8 m) long, of amber.
Question: Which topic did Feynman's commencement speech at Caltech center around?
Sentence: In 1974, Feynman delivered the Caltech commencement address on the topic of cargo cult science, which has the semblance of science, but is only pseudoscience due to a lack of "a kind of scientific integrity, a principle of scientific thought that corresponds to a kind of utter honesty" on the part of the scientist.
Question: What was Fantasia's coronation song?
Sentence: Fantasia released as her coronation single "I Believe", a song co-written by season one finalist Tamyra Gray, and DeGarmo released "Dreams".
Question: Who was Feynman's wife?
Sentence: While pursuing his PhD at Princeton, Feynman married his high school sweetheart, Arline Greenbaum (often misspelled "Arlene"), despite the knowledge that she was seriously ill with tuberculosis—an incurable disease at the time.
Question: When did the sixth season of Digimon begin airing?
Sentence: It began airing in Japan on TV Asahi from July 6, 2010 onwards.
Question: What types of ice storms sometimes hit Richmond?
Sentence: However, dry periods lasting several weeks do occur, especially in autumn when long periods of pleasant, mild weather are most common.
Question: The packet schooner St Helena brought supplies of what to the island?
Sentence: After Napoleon's death, the thousands of temporary visitors were soon withdrawn and the East India Company resumed full control of Saint Helena.
Question: How many people were expelled??
Sentence: Ethnic Russians were sent in to replace those expelled and
Question: What is Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University earned?
Sentence: Dr. Yashwant Singh Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry has earned a unique distinction in India for imparting teaching, research and extension education in horticulture, forestry and allied disciplines.
Question: Who provoked a conflict by crossing the 38th parallel?
Sentence: At dawn on Sunday, 25 June 1950, the Korean People's Army crossed the 38th parallel behind artillery fire.
Question: Where does informal learning occur?
Sentence: Informal learning for young people is an ongoing process that also occurs in a variety of places, such as out of school time, in youth programs at community centers and media labs.
Question: Wings from modified gills is from what origin?
Sentence: These theories include suggestions that wings originated from modified gills, spiracular flaps or as from an appendage of the epicoxa.
Question: When was the editorial published?
Sentence: The article noted that major healthcare organizations such as National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health, the President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, the World Economic Forum, the Gates Foundation, the Wellcome Trust, and the Food and Drug Administration had encouraged greater interactions between physicians and industry in order to bring greater benefits to patients.
Question: How many days after his abdication did Napoleon leave Paris?
Sentence: Napoleon returned to Paris and found that both the legislature and the people had turned against him.
Question: Which film did Beyoncé star with Steve Martin in?
Sentence: Her first acting role of 2006 was in the comedy film The Pink Panther starring opposite Steve Martin, grossing $158.8 million at the box office worldwide.
Question: Who took over after Boganda died?
Sentence: Within a year, he declared the establishment of the Central African Republic and served as the country's first prime minister.
Question: What did some militia members in Somalia weld in the exhaust of the RPG tube to protect the shooter?
Sentence: Firing an RPG at steep angles poses a danger to the user, because the backblast from firing reflects off the ground.
Question: What opera legend also has a famous restaurant in Mexico City?
Sentence: There are branches of the exclusive Japanese restaurant Suntory, Rome's famed Alfredo, as well as New York steakhouses Morton's and The Palm, and Monte Carlo's BeefBar.
Question: What is God in deism?
Sentence: In pantheism, God is the universe itself.
Question: WHat is Panentheism?
Sentence: —but only as an addition to the Jewish view of a personal god, not in the original pantheistic sense that denies or limits persona to God.[citation needed]
Question: From what did parliament evolve?
Sentence: Originally, legislative power was exercised by the sovereign acting on the advice of the Curia Regis, or Royal Council, in which important magnates and clerics participated and which evolved into parliament.
Question: Are there any purebreed lines for poultry today?
Sentence: Since their domestication, a large number of breeds of chickens have been established, but with the exception of the white Leghorn, most commercial birds are of hybrid origin.
Question: What letter of the alphabet do most of the last names the men of Greecs end with ?
Sentence: Commonly, Greek male surnames end in -s, which is the common ending for Greek masculine proper nouns in the nominative case.
Question: As Victorias rule became less polital, what values were emphasized?
Sentence: The concept of the "family monarchy", with which the burgeoning middle classes could identify, was solidified.
Question: How did Pitt's strategy affect Britain's future plans?
Sentence: As prime minister Pitt committed Britain to a grand strategy of seizing the entire French Empire, especially its possessions in North America and India.
Question: How many artists signed the frame of the mosaic at the Church of St Stephen?
Sentence: Six mosaic masters signed the work: Staurachios from Esbus, Euremios, Elias, Constantinus, Germanus and Abdela.
Question: According to the CIA World Factbook, what is the total area of the US in miles?
Sentence: These source consider only the 50 states and the Federal District, and exclude overseas territories.
Question: The amount of solar energy per year is twice as much as the energy that will ever be produced from what resources?
Sentence: In 2002, this was more energy in one hour than the world used in one year.
Question: What was the name of Shen Fu's memoir?
Sentence: The art of the novel reached a pinnacle in Cao Xueqin's Dream of the Red Chamber, but its combination of social commentary and psychological insight were echoed in highly skilled novels such as Wu Jingzi's The Scholars (1750) and Li Ruzhen's Flowers in the Mirror (1827).
Question: Allotrophy happens between what temperatures?
Sentence: At a certain temperature, (usually between 1,500 °F (820 °C) and 1,600 °F (870 °C), depending on carbon content), the base metal of steel undergoes a change in the arrangement of the atoms in its crystal matrix, called allotropy.
Question: Who visited Chopin in 1844 and wrote about his inability to move?
Sentence: He was forced by illness to decline a written invitation from Alkan to participate in a repeat performance of the Beethoven Seventh Symphony arrangement at Erard's on 1 March 1843.
Question: The recognition of a Greek state happened in what year?
Sentence: As a result of years of negotiation, the nascent Greek state was finally recognized under the London Protocol in 1830.
Question: When did the term for the people of Burma become a common place word in English?
Sentence: Myanmar is considered to be the literary form of the name of the group, while Burma is derived from "Bamar", the colloquial form of the group's name.
Question: Who was the artist that painted the fresco that replaced the mosaic at Santa Sobina?
Sentence: Christ was seated on a globe with the twelve Apostles flanking him, six on either side.
Question: Where is Volkswagen Group's AutoEuropa assembly plant located?
Sentence: Alverca, Covilhã, Évora, and Ponte de Sor are the main centres of the Portuguese aerospace industry, which is led by Brazil-based company Embraer and the Portuguese company OGMA.
Question: How many times is the word "Quran" used in the Quran?
Sentence: Muslims regard the Quran as the most important miracle of Muhammad, a proof of his prophethood, and the culmination of a series of divine messages that started with the messages revealed to Adam and ended with Muhammad.
Question: Where was the water brought from by the friars' supply system?
Sentence: Elsewhere, remnants of the medieval water supply system devised by the friars can still be seen today.
Question: What was produced during the time the Island was monocrop?
Sentence: St Helena's economy is now weak, and is almost entirely sustained by aid from the British government.
Question: How does the Air Force promote security to its allies?
Sentence: The Air Force maintains and presents credible deterrent capabilities through successful visible demonstrations and exercises which assure allies, dissuade proliferation, deter potential adversaries from actions that threaten US national security or the populations and deployed military forces of the US, its allies and friends.
Question: In the Fall, people go to North Carolina to see what?
Sentence: North Carolina offers fall colors, freshwater and saltwater fishing, hunting, birdwatching, agritourism, ATV trails, ballooning, rock climbing, biking, hiking, skiing, boating and sailing, camping, canoeing, caving (spelunking), gardens, and arboretums.
Question: when was the bombay trading post established?
Sentence: The company established trading posts in Surat (1619), Madras (1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690).
Question: When did the Licchavi period end?
Sentence: These art and architectural edifices encompass three major periods of evolution: the Licchavi or classical period (500 to 900 AD), the post-classical period (1000 to 1400 AD), with strong influence of the Palla art form; the Malla period (1400 onwards) that exhibited explicitly tantric influences coupled with the art of Tibetan Demonology.
Question: Which province supplied a large amount of people to the Sichuan resettlement, following years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition?
Sentence: As a result of the massacre as well as years of turmoil during the Ming-Qing transition, the population of Sichuan fell sharply, requiring a massive resettlement of people from the neighboring Huguang Province (modern Hubei and Hunan) and other provinces during the Qing dynasty.
Question: What did Feynam think of the Talmud?
Sentence: Later in his life, during a visit to the Jewish Theological Seminary, he encountered the Talmud for the first time, and remarked that he found it a "wonderful book" and "valuable".
Question: How many square miles does Boston cover?
Sentence: The city proper covers 48 square miles (124 km2) with an estimated population of 655,884 in 2014, making it the largest city in New England and the 24th largest city in the United States.
Question: When did academic schooling begin in the Roman Republic?
Sentence: Schooling in a more formal sense was begun around 200 BC.
Question: Who did Burke write to about the price of corn?
Sentence: In November 1795, there was a debate in Parliament on the high price of corn and Burke wrote a memorandum to Pitt on the subject.
Question: When did glassworkers begin to consider their products fine art?
Sentence: From about 1960 onwards there have been an increasing number of small studios hand-producing glass artworks, and glass artists began to class themselves as in effect sculptors working in glass, and their works as part fine arts.
Question: What metatextual character does Stefan Wild focus on in his discussion of the Quran?
Sentence: A text is self-referential when it speaks about itself and makes reference to itself.
Question: What type of political religious beliefs does Elizabeth seemed to support?
Sentence: She does have a deep sense of religious and civic duty, and takes her coronation oath seriously.