xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Karen Armstrong wrote a biography on who?
Sentence: In writing her biography of the Buddha, Karen Armstrong noted, "It is obviously difficult, therefore, to write a biography of the Buddha that meets modern criteria, because we have very little information that can be considered historically sound...
Question: What religion is associated with Seto and Võro?
Sentence: These are sometimes considered either variants of a South Estonian language, or separate languages altogether.
Question: When did South Africa occupy Namibia?
Sentence: South Africa occupied the colony in 1915 after defeating the German force during World War I and administered it from 1919 onward as a League of Nations mandate territory.
Question: What material is useful in glassmaking because of its slow evaporation?
Sentence: Evaporation losses during glass melting should be considered during the selection of the raw materials, e.g., sodium selenite may be preferred over easily evaporating SeO2.
Question: How many subjects were judged to be the best in terms of internationally recognised research quality?
Sentence: The 2008 Research Assessment Exercise returned 26% of the 1225 staff submitted as being world-leading (4*) and a further 47% as being internationally excellent (3*).
Question: What uncharacteristic attitude did China display?
Sentence: But he added the scale of the disaster was such that "we can't expect that the government can do everything and handle every aspect of the needs".
Question: Who was the ruler of Valencia in 138 BC?
Sentence: About two thousand Roman colonists were settled there in 138 BC during the rule of consul Decimus Junius Brutus Galaico.
Question: Where in Southampton were special baths filled by seawater constructed?
Sentence: Innovative buildings specifically for this purpose were built at West Quay, with baths that were filled and emptied by the flow of the tide.
Question: What are the intercellular junctions unique to animal cells?
Sentence: Also, unique to animal cells are the following intercellular junctions: tight junctions, gap junctions, and desmosomes.
Question: What had Peter Stuyvesant formally banned all of other than the Dutch Reformed Church?
Sentence: Stuyvesant had formally banned all religions other than the Dutch Reformed Church from being practiced in the colony, in accordance with the laws of the Dutch Republic.
Question: Who created the Armenian alphabet?
Sentence: One of the oldest types of Armenian music is the Armenian chant which is the most common kind of religious music in Armenia.
Question: What two people suggested the 1848 tour?
Sentence: In April, during the Revolution of 1848 in Paris, he left for London, where he performed at several concerts and at numerous receptions in great houses.
Question: In what area of New Haven are Kehler Liddel, Jennider Jane Gallery, and The Hungry Eye Gallery located?
Sentence: Others include City Gallery and A. Leaf Gallery in the downtown area.
Question: Where do unstressed vowels reduce to three?
Sentence: There are a few instances of unreduced [e], [o] in some words.
Question: Where is the Sweet Adelines HQ?
Sentence: In 1953 Sweet Adelines became an international organization, although it didn't change its name to Sweet Adelines International until 1991.
Question: When did the the prince of Rinbung occupy Lhasa?
Sentence: However, it was not until 1518 that the secular Phagmodru ruler captured Lhasa from the Rinbung, and thereafter the Gelug was given rights to conduct the New Years prayer.
Question: Analysis of what genome has emphasised the importance of sponges, placozoans, and choanoflagellates  in explaining the arrival of 1500 ancestral genes unique to the Eumetazoa?
Sentence: Analysis of the starlet sea anemone genome has emphasised the importance of sponges, placozoans, and choanoflagellates, also being sequenced, in explaining the arrival of 1500 ancestral genes unique to the Eumetazoa.
Question: What formula did a lot of the artists emerging from the scene adhere to?
Sentence: Artists such as Liquid Liquid, the B-52s, Cristina, Arthur Russell, James White and the Blacks and Lizzy Mercier Descloux pursued a formula described by Luc Sante as "anything at all + disco bottom".
Question: What year was the UAR formed?
Sentence: Nasser subsequently opted for union, albeit on the condition that it would be a total political merger with him as its president, to which the delegates and Syrian president Shukri al-Quwatli agreed.
Question: What nationality were the settlers from who introduced Carnival?
Sentence: The celebration in SãoNicolau is more traditional, where established groups parade through the Ribeira Brava, gathering in the town square, although it has adopted drums, floats and costumes from Brazil.
Question: When did the majority of the patents held by Sisvel expire?
Sentence: Except for three patents, the US patents administered by Sisvel had all expired in 2015, however (the exceptions are:
Question: Who succeeded in finally overthrowing Patasse?
Sentence: Libyan troops and some 1,000 soldiers of Bemba's Congolese rebel organization failed to stop the rebels and Bozizé's forces succeeded in overthrowing Patassé.[citation needed]
Question: What type of orthox men often grow beards and always wear black?
Sentence: Haredi men often grow beards and always wear black hats and suits, indoors and outdoors.
Question: Where was Charleston's first location?
Sentence: It moved to its present location on Oyster Point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the Ashley River known as Albemarle Point.
Question: How may Palestinian refugees are in Egypt?
Sentence: There are some 70,000 Palestinian refugees, and about 150,000 recently arrived Iraqi refugees, but the number of the largest group, the Sudanese, is contested.[nb 1]
Question: Why 1kV voltage is almost always used by rail systems?
Sentence: Third (and fourth) rail systems almost always use voltages below 1 kV for safety reasons while overhead wires usually use higher voltages for efficiency.
Question: How many of these old festivals are still celebrated by residents of Nanjing?
Sentence: Almost none of them, however, are still celebrated by modern Nanjingese.
Question: What does the city host on Sundays
Sentence: To promote culture Utrecht city organizes cultural Sundays.
Question: How did Wilson recruit more qualified police?
Sentence: Strategies employed by O.W. Wilson included rotating officers from community to community to reduce their vulnerability to corruption, establishing of a non-partisan police board to help govern the police force, a strict merit system for promotions within the department, and an aggressive recruiting drive with higher police salaries to attract professionally qualified officers.
Question: Who was Microsoft Windows 3.0 commonly said to be good enough for?
Sentence: Though still a graphical wrapper that relied upon MS-DOS, 3.0 was the first iteration of Windows which had a feature set and performance comparable to the much more expensive Macintosh platform.
Question: What do unstressed vowels reduce to in Western Catalan?
Sentence: Some Western dialects present further reduction or vowel harmony in some cases.
Question: What year did IBM hire its first black salesman?
Sentence: In 1946, the company hired its first black salesman, 18 years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Question: What was the controversy around Schwarzenegger's first gubernatorial campaign nicknamed?
Sentence: During his initial campaign for governor, allegations of sexual and personal misconduct were raised against Schwarzenegger, dubbed "Gropegate".
Question: What material is on a direct metal mastering disc?
Sentence: With direct metal mastering (DMM), the master disc is cut on a copper-coated disc, which can also have a minor "orange peel" effect on the disc itself.
Question: Who was the first ruler of the Kushan empire?
Sentence: They came of an Indo-European language speaking Central Asian tribe called the Yuezhi, a branch of which was known as the Kushans.
Question: What does the "three baskets" refer to?
Sentence: Pitaka contains disciplinary rules for the Buddhist monks and nuns, as well as explanations of why and how these rules were instituted, supporting material, and doctrinal clarification.
Question: What kind of parade is The Procession?
Sentence: The Procession, held at sundown, consists of a non-motorized parade through downtown Tucson featuring many floats, sculptures, and memorials, in which the community is encouraged to participate.
Question: What does B.I.C. stand for?
Sentence: Blue Ivy's cries are included at the end of the song, and she was officially credited as "B.I.C." on it.
Question: What are around 50-60% of the original size?
Sentence: Many of these algorithms use convolution with the filter [-1 1] to slightly whiten or flatten the spectrum, thereby allowing traditional lossless compression to work more efficiently.
Question: Which national news-based programs are based in Melbourne?
Sentence: Television shows are produced in Melbourne, most notably Neighbours, Kath & Kim, Winners and Losers, Offspring, Underbelly , House Husbands, Wentworth and Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries, along with national news-based programs such as The Project, Insiders and ABC News Breakfast.
Question: In what film did a parody of the "Win one for the Gipper" speech appear?
Sentence: This scene was parodied in the movie Airplane!
Question: What name did Elizabeth keep as her married name?
Sentence: With Elizabeth's accession, it seemed probable that the royal house would bear her husband's name, becoming the House of Mountbatten, in line with the custom of a wife taking her husband's surname on marriage.
Question: When did Nasser die?
Sentence: In 1970, President Nasser died and was succeeded by Anwar Sadat.
Question: What was the name of the manor that previously existed on the site?
Sentence: Ownership of the site changed hands many times; owners included Edward the Confessor and his queen consort Edith of Wessex in late Saxon times, and, after the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror.
Question: What Microsoft media format is not natively supported by Apple devices?
Sentence: Originally, iPod software only worked with Mac OS; iPod software for Microsoft Windows was launched with the second generation model.
Question: Who leaders the sub-divisions of offices or divisions?
Sentence: Within these sub-branches there are various sections headed by section chiefs.
Question: When was the full version of the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures released?
Sentence: Nathan Knorr was appointed as third president of the Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society in 1942.
Question: Whose law of noncontradiction did Avicenna endorse?
Sentence: Although he did not develop a real theory of temporal propositions, he did study the relationship between temporalis and the implication.
Question: How many barrels of oil equivalent does Shell produce per day?
Sentence: It has operations in over 90 countries, produces around 3.1 million barrels of oil equivalent per day and has 44,000 service stations worldwide.
Question: What was Oklahoma cities median age in 2000?
Sentence: The median age was 34 years.
Question: What does Procopius describe in his writings of the Sclaveni and Antae?
Sentence: Procopius wrote in 545 that "the Sclaveni and the Antae actually had a single name in the remote past; for they were both called Spori in olden times."
Question: how many members did the America First Committee have?
Sentence: This is widely agreed to be a grand strategic blunder, as it abrogated the benefit Germany gained by Japan's distraction of the U.S. (predicted months before in a memo by Commander Arthur McCollum)[nb 12] and the reduction in aid to Britain, which both Congress and Hitler had managed to avoid during over a year of mutual provocation, which would otherwise have resulted.
Question: What metals were alloyed with tin to make it stronger?
Sentence: These metals were typically lead, antimony, bismuth or copper.
Question: What was Greece's largest port as measured by good transported in 2010?
Sentence: According to Eurostat, Greece's largest port by tons of goods transported in 2010 is the port of Aghioi Theodoroi, with 17.38 million tons.
Question: What is the name of China's highest level basketball league?
Sentence: Jiangsu Nangang Basketball Club is a competitive team which has long been one of the major clubs fighting for the title in China top level league, CBA.
Question: What river mergers with the Cooper River to form Charleston Harbor?
Sentence: Charleston is the oldest and second-largest city in the U.S. state of South Carolina, the county seat of Charleston County, and the principal city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Question: What did the other parties receive that year?
Sentence: In comparison, the other parties in favour of sovereignty of Quebec in that election got 40.16% (PQ) and 1.22% (NPDQ).
Question: What was the length capacity of the CAA55 format?
Sentence: CAA55 was introduced in 1985 with a total playback capacity per side of 55 minutes 5 seconds, reducing the video capacity to resolve bandwidth issues with the inclusion of Digital Audio.
Question: French historians generally use the beginning of which King's reign to date the start of the Enlightenment?
Sentence: French historians usually place the period, called the Siècle des Lumières (Century of Enlightenments), between 1715 and 1789, from the beginning of the reign of Louis XV until the French Revolution.
Question: What is the name of steel when it is being formed of two phases?
Sentence: The steel then becomes heterogeneous, being formed of two phases; the carbon (carbide) phase cementite, and ferrite.
Question: How can associationism be defined?
Sentence: The predominant educational psychology from the 1750s onward, especially in northern European countries was associationism, the notion that the mind associates or dissociates ideas through repeated routines.
Question: Why do debates not have a distinct winner?
Sentence: One reason may be that debates do not have a clear winner, as is the case in sports, and that scoring is subjective.
Question: Who is the founder of Louis' Lunch in New Haven?
Sentence: A second New Haven gastronomical claim to fame is Louis' Lunch, which is located in a small brick building on Crown Street and has been serving fast food since 1895.
Question: What former Arsenal player became manager in 1986?
Sentence: Graham's reputation was tarnished when he was found to have taken kickbacks from agent Rune Hauge for signing certain players, and he was dismissed in 1995.
Question: In what year did Elizabeth become Queen?
Sentence: By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established.
Question: What is another term for Bharatam?
Sentence: This procedure is followed in other temples around India, which were sanctified by Adi Shankaracharya.
Question: When did Arent Schuyler de Peyster visit Tuvalu?
Sentence: Arent Schuyler de Peyster, of New York, captain of the armed brigantine or privateer Rebecca, sailing under British colours, which passed through the southern Tuvaluan waters in May 1819; de Peyster sighted Nukufetau and Funafuti, which he named Ellice's Island after an English Politician, Edward Ellice, the Member of Parliament for Coventry and the owner of the Rebecca's cargo.
Question: What year did parliament rescind the exemption of 1799 given to the Freemasons?
Sentence: In the wake of the French Revolution, the Unlawful Societies Act 1799 banned any meetings of groups that required their members to take an oath or obligation.
Question: What assets are included in nominal wealth?
Sentence: It has the highest nominal wealth (financial and non-financial assets) per adult in the world according to Credit Suisse and the eighth-highest per capita gross domestic product on the IMF list.
Question: What does UEFA Stand for?
Sentence: These are the European Championship (UEFA), the Copa América (CONMEBOL), African Cup of Nations (CAF), the Asian Cup (AFC), the CONCACAF Gold Cup (CONCACAF) and the OFC Nations Cup (OFC).
Question: How was the gladiatorial combat described?
Sentence: In the early stages of the First Punic War (264 BC) the first known Roman gladiatorial munus was held, described as a funeral blood-rite to the manes of a Roman military aristocrat.
Question: Who became president on June 12, 1991?
Sentence: On June 12, 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty.
Question: In 1985, how many people were murdered in Richmond?
Sentence: The city had 93 murders for the year of 1985, with a murder rate of 41.9 killings committed per 100,000 residents.
Question: Who defeated Bermuda?
Sentence: But India defeated Bermuda and set a record of 413 runs in a One-Day International (ODI).
Question: What is the name of Shell's subsidiary in the United States?
Sentence: Shell Oil Company, its subsidiary in the United States, is one of its largest businesses.
Question: What percentage of Swiss voters voted to join the Schengen treaty?
Sentence: Nonetheless, Swiss law is gradually being adjusted to conform with that of the EU, and the government has signed a number of bilateral agreements with the European Union.
Question: How much of the population had no religion?
Sentence: Of the rest of the population, there were 1,874 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.46% of the population), there were 229 persons (or about 0.18% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 5,531 persons (or about 4.30% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church.
Question: What was the name of the Prohibition-era African-American cultural flourishing in New York?
Sentence: The Harlem Renaissance of literary and cultural life flourished during the era of Prohibition.
Question: What connects PS/2 keyboards and mice to a USB port?
Sentence: Converters also exist that connect PS/2 keyboards and mice (usually one of each) to a USB port.
Question: During which times does the value of the dollar typically decline?
Sentence: The value of the U.S. dollar declined significantly during wartime, especially during the American Civil War, World War I, and World War II.
Question: What do anaerobic bacteria consume?
Sentence: One such mutualistic association, called interspecies hydrogen transfer, occurs between clusters of anaerobic bacteria that consume organic acids, such as butyric acid or propionic acid, and produce hydrogen, and methanogenic Archaea that consume hydrogen.
Question: What is used in infrared photography to capture the near-infrared spectrum?
Sentence: This is especially pronounced when taking pictures of subjects near IR-bright areas (such as near a lamp), where the resulting infrared interference can wash out the image.
Question: During what decade did some British pubs provide "a pie and a pint"?
Sentence: In the late 1960s "chicken in a basket", a portion of roast chicken with chips, served on a napkin, in a wicker basket became popular due to its convenience.
Question: What does RItch SAvin-Williams propose in this paper?
Sentence: Does It Matter?
Question: How are bergschrunds different than crevasses?
Sentence: Crevasses can form in several different ways.
Question: How many miles of trails are in The Loop?
Sentence: Cycling is popular in Tucson due to its flat terrain and dry climate.
Question: When was the first successful docking of a two man space crew?
Sentence: It was the first-ever docking of two manned spacecraft, and the first transfer of crew from one space vehicle to another.
Question: How many Vice-Presidents serve under the President in Iran?
Sentence: The President is responsible for the implementation of the Constitution and for the exercise of executive powers, except for matters directly related to the Supreme Leader, who has the final say in all matters.
Question: In the U.S what does "Cultural Studies" focus largely on in this field?
Sentence: In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods.
Question: When will this extension end?
Sentence: NBC Sports reached a six-year extension with the Premier League in 2015 to broadcast the league through the 2021–22 season in a deal valued at $1 billion (£640 million).
Question: what amendment did the chairman of the FCC compare this ruling to?
Sentence: On 26 February 2015, the FCC ruled in favor of net neutrality by adopting Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 and Section 706 in the Telecommunications act of 1996 to the Internet.
Question: When will the game be released in America?
Sentence: The game will be released in North America and Europe on March 4, 2016; in Australia on March 5, 2016; and in Japan on March 10, 2016.
Question: Was there more than one racial class in the organized societies of the states of Myanmar?
Sentence: Hanthawaddy monarchs introduced religious reforms that later spread to the rest of the country.
Question: By the 1830's, how much of all cotton was processed in Lancashire?
Sentence: Blackpool was a centre for tourism for the inhabitants of Lancashire's mill towns, particularly during wakes week.
Question: What book first contained the term biological diversity?
Sentence: A Different Kind of Country advocating conservation.
Question: The largest sector of Greece's economy is what?
Sentence: Its economy mainly comprises the service sector (85.0%) and industry (12.0%), while agriculture makes up 3.0% of the national economic output.
Question: What was the name of Imperial's student newspaper?
Sentence: Felix, Imperial's student newspaper, was launched on 9 December 1949.
Question: How many high-tech enterprises are present in the Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone ?
Sentence: Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone was established in 1992, with a planned area of 43 km2 (17 sq mi).
Question: How many operations has the Canadian Military been part of since 1947?
Sentence: Since 1947, Canadian military units have participated in more than 200 operations worldwide, and completed 72 international operations.
Question: Where was Blue Ivy born?
Sentence: Five months later, she performed for four nights at Revel Atlantic City's Ovation Hall to celebrate the resort's opening, her first performances since giving birth to Blue Ivy.
Question: What type of bridge originated in China?
Sentence: The Jesuit China missions of the 16th and 17th centuries "learned to appreciate the scientific achievements of this ancient culture and made them known in Europe.
Question: Where was the first movie projected for a paying audience in Paris?
Sentence: The movie industry was born in Paris when Auguste and Louis Lumière projected the first motion picture for a paying audience at the Grand Café on 28 December 1895.
Question: What was Nigeria's population in 2009?
Sentence: The results of the most recent census were released in December 2006 and gave a population of 140,003,542.
Question: How do migrating birds navigate?
Sentence: The timing of migration seems to be controlled primarily by changes in day length.
Question: The record is part of what wind family?
Sentence: Typical stringed instruments of the early period include the harp, lute, vielle, and psaltery, while wind instruments included the flute family (including recorder), shawm (an early member of the oboe family), trumpet, and the bagpipes.
Question: What type of military vehicle was maintained almost 15 years but never saw any action during the Cuban crisis?
Sentence: Canada maintained an aircraft carrier from 1957 to 1970 during the Cold War, which never saw combat but participated in patrols during the Cuban Missile Crisis.
Question: What is quicker, a bipolar n-p-n transistor or a p-n-p transistor?
Sentence: A relatively recent FET development, the high-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT), has a heterostructure (junction between different semiconductor materials) of aluminium gallium arsenide (AlGaAs)-gallium arsenide (GaAs) which has twice the electron mobility of a GaAs-metal barrier junction.