xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: When did the Great Schism end?
Sentence: During the tumultuous 14th century, disputes within the leadership of the Church led to the Avignon Papacy of 1305–78, also called the "Babylonian Captivity of the Papacy" (a reference to the Babylonian captivity of the Jews), and then to the Great Schism, lasting from 1378 to 1418, when there were two and later three rival popes, each supported by several states.
Question: What nation attained full independence as a result of the Russo-Turkish war?
Sentence: The Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) ended with a decisive victory for Russia.
Question: What person wrote The Incoherence of the Philosophers?
Sentence: Ibn Tufail wrote the first Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) as a response to Al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus.
Question: How much money a month do the parking meters bring in?
Sentence: come on, come on"), who ask drivers for a fee to park, in theory to guard the car, but with the implicit threat that the franelero will damage the car if the fee is not paid.
Question: What is the largest country that was included among the seven promoted countries?
Sentence: This includes all developed countries, such as those in North America, Western Europe, Oceania, and Eastern Asia, as well as some developing countries in Eastern Europe, Central and South America, Southeast Asia, the Caribbean, and the oil-rich Arabian Peninsula.
Question: When does Seattle get it lowest levels of precipitation?
Sentence: In November, Seattle averages more rainfall than any other U.S. city of more than 250,000 people; it also ranks highly in winter precipitation.
Question: How much land did Bronck eventually own?
Sentence: Dutch and English settlers referred to the area as Bronck's Land.
Question: Who argued that regulations led to excessive lending to risky governments?
Sentence: Johan Norberg argues that regulations (Basel III among others) have indeed led to excessive lending to risky governments (see European sovereign-debt crisis) and the ECB pursues even more lending as the solution.
Question: How is a membership organization run?
Sentence: A board-only organization typically has a self-selected board, and a membership whose powers are limited to those delegated to it by the board.
Question: As of 2012, how many Jewish people lived in the New York metropolitan area?
Sentence: It is home to the largest Jewish as well as Israeli communities outside Israel, with the Jewish population in the region numbering over 1.5 million in 2012 and including many diverse Jewish sects from around the Middle East and Eastern Europe.
Question: What is the probability of molecule to have energy greater than or equal to E at the given temperature T?
Sentence: Some energy is transferred between the surroundings and the reactants of the reaction in the form of heat or light; thus the products of a reaction may have more or less energy than the reactants.
Question: Where was the The Maratha Empire centralized?
Sentence: In 1761, the Maratha army lost the Third Battle of Panipat which halted imperial expansion and the empire was then divided into a confederacy of Maratha states.
Question: About how many schools across the country is ICG active in?
Sentence: ICG is active in 15 cities around the country and serves over 250,000 children in over 400 schools countrywide.
Question: Along with William James, who was an influential 19th century theorist?
Sentence: James was an American psychologist and philosopher who wrote about educational psychology, psychology of religious experience/mysticism, and the philosophy of pragmatism.
Question: How much did Spectre make in its first week?
Sentence: In the film's first seven days it grossed £41.7 million ($63.8 million), breaking the UK record for highest first-week opening, set by Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban's £23.88 million ($36.9 million) in 2004.
Question: After losing the battle of Guilford Courthouse, Cornawallis moved his troops where?
Sentence: Following this "Pyrrhic victory", Cornwallis chose to move to the Virginia coastline to get reinforcements, and to allow the Royal Navy to protect his battered army.
Question: How long does winter last?
Sentence: Winter lasts from late November till mid March.
Question: When did the torch arrive in Muscat?
Sentence: One of the torchbearers was Syrian actress Sulaf Fawakherji.
Question: What year did Nasser die?
Sentence: He was diagnosed with diabetes in the early 1960s and by the time of his death in 1970, he also had arteriosclerosis, heart disease, and high blood pressure.
Question: How could conscription into military service be avoided?
Sentence: When central authority collapsed after 189 AD, wealthy landowners, members of the aristocracy/nobility, and regional military-governors relied upon their retainers to act as their own personal troops (buqu 部曲).
Question: Who has had many Concertos written for him?
Sentence: He has performed and recorded these works with the Sydney Symphony Orchestra and the Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra.
Question: What organization did Servius Tullius found?
Sentence: Each of Rome's legendary or semi-legendary kings was associated with one or more religious institutions still known to the later Republic.
Question: What growth stage of insects bore holes into trees?
Sentence: Every broken limb or root, or deep wound from fire, insects, or falling timber, may afford an entrance for decay, which, once started, may penetrate to all parts of the trunk.
Question: Which President allowed Tsimshian settlers to inhabit Annette Island?
Sentence: Numerous indigenous peoples occupied Alaska for thousands of years before the arrival of European peoples to the area.
Question: What agency is in charge of intelligence requirements?
Sentence: These activities enable the synchronization and integration of collection, processing, exploitation, analysis, and dissemination activities/resources to meet information requirements of national and military decision makers.
Question: Where is the site of the original colonial settlement of Kingston, Norfolk Islands, currently located?
Sentence: A downward slope exists towards Slaughter Bay and Emily Bay, the site of the original colonial settlement of Kingston.
Question: How many people are living in Tajikistan?
Sentence: Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Çumhuriji Toçikiston/Jumhuriyi Tojikiston; Russian: Респу́блика Таджикистан, Respublika Tadzhikistan), is a mountainous, landlocked country in Central Asia with an estimated 8 million people in 2013, and an area of 143,100 km2 (55,300 sq mi).
Question: Beloved is a term for God used by which style of Quranic interpretation?
Sentence: From the Sufi point of view, God is the always the beloved and the wayfarer's longing and suffering lead to realization of the truths.
Question: Into what larger waterway do the West Haven Harbor and New Haven Harbor recess as embayments?
Sentence: The West River discharges into West Haven Harbor, while the Mill and Quinnipiac rivers discharge into New Haven Harbor.
Question: Who published the Ivory Tower Survey?
Sentence: However, after Kerry's first six months in the State Department, a Gallup poll found he had high approval ratings among Americans as Secretary of State.
Question: Along with Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Johnny Mathis, Nat King Cole, and Perry Como, who was a prominent early adult contemporary radio artist?
Sentence: The custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs, a move intended to give the stations more mass appeal without selling out.
Question: What did Elizabeth's speech on 24 November, 1992 mark?
Sentence: In March, her second son, Prince Andrew, Duke of York, and his wife, Sarah, separated; in April, her daughter, Princess Anne, divorced Captain Mark Phillips; during a state visit to Germany in October, angry demonstrators in Dresden threw eggs at her; and, in November, a large fire broke out at Windsor Castle, one of her official residences.
Question: How do people know which days to not drive their car?
Sentence: There is an environmental program, called Hoy No Circula ("Today Does Not Run", or "One Day without a Car"), whereby vehicles that have not passed emissions testing are restricted from circulating on certain days according to the ending digit of their license plates; this in an attempt to cut down on pollution and traffic congestion.
Question: Who was not pleased by de Melo's second marriage?
Sentence: King John V of Portugal, however, was not pleased and recalled Melo to Portugal in 1749.
Question: Some animals and reptiles native to Florida
Sentence: A peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida, it has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately 1,350 miles (2,170 km), and is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean.
Question: In which century were gold dollars minted?
Sentence: Minting of these dollars for circulation was suspended in 1980 (collectors' pieces were struck in 1981), but, as with all past U.S. coins, they remain legal tender.
Question: How much did Beyonce initially contribute to the foundation?
Sentence: After Hurricane Katrina in 2005, Beyoncé and Rowland founded the Survivor Foundation to provide transitional housing for victims in the Houston area, to which Beyoncé contributed an initial $250,000.
Question: What was the highest temperature recorded in Houston?
Sentence: In 1980, Houston was described as the "most air-conditioned place on earth".
Question: What year did the Union Castle shipping line slowly start to reduce their service calls to the island?
Sentence: From 1958, the Union Castle shipping line gradually reduced its service calls to the island.
Question: What's the name of the Coldplay drummer from Southampton?
Sentence: James Zabiela, a highly regarded and recognised name in dance music, is also from Southampton.
Question: In which year was Campus Martius open?
Sentence: In 2001, the first portion of the International Riverfront was completed as a part of the city's 300th anniversary celebration, with miles of parks and associated landscaping completed in succeeding years.
Question: What do scholars believe is missing from madaris that prevent them from being considered universities?
Sentence: Despite the many similarities, medieval specialists have coined the term "Islamic college" for madrasa and jāmiʻah to differentiate them from the legally autonomous corporations that the medieval European universities were.
Question: What are European revolutions known as in other countries?
Sentence: The European Revolutions of 1848, known in some countries as the Spring of Nations or the Year of Revolution, were a series of political upheavals throughout the European continent.
Question: How many days did people carry the Olympic torch before the 2008 Summer Olympics?
Sentence: ) – the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Question: What do most open education sources offer?
Sentence: Presently, many of the major open education sources offer their own form of certificate.
Question: What is the name of the amphitheater located inside the Botanical Gardens?
Sentence: One of the more prominent landmarks downtown is the Crystal Bridge at the Myriad Botanical Gardens, a large downtown urban park.
Question: Konrad Zuse was an engineer with what nationality?
Sentence: These devices had a low operating speed and were eventually superseded by much faster all-electric computers, originally using vacuum tubes.
Question: What historic landmark is near the entrance to the Berggarten?
Sentence: The Mausoleum of the Guelphs is also located in the Berggarten.
Question: When did Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation expect to begin design work for a new carrier?
Sentence: Speaking in St. Petersburg, Russia on 30 June 2011, the head of Russia's United Shipbuilding Corporation said his company expected to begin design work for a new carrier in 2016, with a goal of beginning construction in 2018 and having the carrier achieve initial operational capability by 2023.
Question: Tajikistan is thrid in the world for what type of confiscations?
Sentence: Tajikistan holds third place in the world for heroin and raw opium confiscations (1216.3 kg of heroin and 267.8 kg of raw opium in the first half of 2006).
Question: How is torque determined?
Sentence: All the electromagnetic motors, and that includes the types mentioned here derive the torque from the vector product of the interacting fields.
Question: Queen's song Now I'm Here reached what number on the British charts?
Sentence: The single "Killer Queen" from Sheer Heart Attack reached number two on the British charts, and became their first US hit, reaching number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Question: What case notably upheld the use of a method of lethal injection?
Sentence: In the 2006 Hill v. McDonough case, however, the United States Supreme Court approved the use of Section 1983 as a vehicle for challenging a state's method of execution as cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth Amendment.
Question: The mosaics uncovered in Libya were from which century?
Sentence: In 2000 archaeologists working in Leptis Magna, Libya, uncovered a 30 ft length of five colorful mosaics created during the 1st or 2nd century AD.
Question: Who was the Prime Minister of the British Government in 1853?
Sentence: The Leader of the Opposition in the British House of Commons, Benjamin Disraeli, blamed Aberdeen and Stratford's actions for making war inevitable, thus starting the process which would eventually force the Aberdeen government to resign in January 1855, over the war.
Question: What system, like Saturn, does Neptune have?
Sentence: The rings may consist of ice particles coated with silicates or carbon-based material, which most likely gives them a reddish hue.
Question: Which part of the brain is associated with the memory loss an elderly person suffers?
Sentence: Research has revealed that individuals’ performance on memory tasks that rely on frontal regions declines with age.
Question: The architecture of the chapter house is contemporary with what?
Sentence: These are virtually contemporary with the Sainte-Chapelle, Paris.
Question: What does the work Graecia mean?
Sentence: However, the name Hellas is sometimes used in English as well.
Question: What percent of votes did Cronin get against Kerry?
Sentence: In the final days of the campaign, Kerry sensed that it was "slipping away" and Cronin emerged victorious by 110,970 votes (53.45%) to Kerry's 92,847 (44.72%).
Question: What influence did Madonna music video reflects?
Sentence: Madonna's initial music videos reflected her American and Hispanic mixed street style combined with a flamboyant glamor.
Question: What political speaches are delivered in English and Spanish?
Sentence: The State of the Union Addresses and other presidential speeches are translated to Spanish, following the precedent set by the Bill Clinton administration.
Question: Who estimated the annual potential of solar energy in 2000?
Sentence: This is several times larger than the total world energy consumption, which was 559.8 EJ in 2012.
Question: Where were the use of advanced materials and techniques on display in Sumer?
Sentence: Sumerian temples and palaces made use of more advanced materials and techniques,[citation needed] such as buttresses, recesses, half columns, and clay nails.
Question: After his marriage, Napoleon left Paris to lead what army?
Sentence: He immediately went on the offensive, hoping to defeat the forces of Piedmont before their Austrian allies could intervene.
Question: What does REF stand for?
Sentence: Imperial submitted a total of 1,257 staff across 14 units of assessment to the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) assessment.
Question: Which two people helped lift Victoria's body into the coffin?
Sentence: One of Albert's dressing gowns was placed by her side, with a plaster cast of his hand, while a lock of John Brown's hair, along with a picture of him, was placed in her left hand concealed from the view of the family by a carefully positioned bunch of flowers.
Question: What did Nasser do after the war ended?
Sentence: After the war, Nasser returned to his role as an instructor at the Royal Military Academy.
Question: WHen was District de la region parisienne reorganised?
Sentence: This problem was 'resolved' when its parent "District de la région parisienne" (Paris region) was reorganised into several new departments from 1968
Question: What was Chopin responsible for making popular with Euorpeans?
Sentence: His waltzes were also written specifically for the salon recital rather than the ballroom and are frequently at rather faster tempos than their dance-floor equivalents.
Question: Excerpts were taken from which reference compact disc to assess the subjective quality of the MPEG audio formats?
Sentence: Some more critical audio excerpts (glockenspiel, triangle, accordion, etc.) were taken from the EBU V3/SQAM reference compact disc and have been used by professional sound engineers to assess the subjective quality of the MPEG Audio formats.
Question: Being close to what commercial area gives Estonia a competitive advantage?
Sentence: Estonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe.
Question: What usually follows an initial inquiry of a candidate?
Sentence: Once the initial inquiry is made, an interview usually follows to determine the candidate's suitability.
Question: Who became the emperor?
Sentence: A compromise candidate in the person of Hong Taiji's five-year-old son, Fulin, was installed as the Shunzhi Emperor, with Dorgon as regent and de facto leader of the Manchu nation.
Question: Since what version can already existing characters no longer be added to the standard?
Sentence: Unicode was designed to provide code-point-by-code-point round-trip format conversion to and from any preexisting character encodings, so that text files in older character sets can be naïvely converted to Unicode, and then back and get back the same file.
Question: What kind of insect can detect ultraviolet wavelengths?
Sentence: Different insect species can have varying hearing, though most insects can hear only a narrow range of frequencies related to the frequency of the sounds they can produce.
Question: Who is building The Califoria Valley Solar Ranch?
Sentence: The California Valley Solar Ranch (CVSR) is a 250 megawatt (MW) solar photovoltaic power plant, which is being built by SunPower in the Carrizo Plain, northeast of California Valley.
Question: What was the name of the bodyguard also accused of vandalism?
Sentence: Instead the case file was forwarded to the city attorney's office, which charged West with one count of misdemeanor vandalism, one count of grand theft and one count of battery and his manager with three counts of each on March 18, 2009.
Question: Why did the Chinese ultimately fail in its counter offensives?
Sentence: After these victories, Chinese nationalist forces launched a large-scale counter-offensive in early 1940; however, due to its low military-industrial capacity, it was repulsed by Japanese army in late March 1940.
Question: What important trade did the Ming Dynasty have with Tibet?
Sentence: Some scholars note that Tibetan leaders during the Ming frequently engaged in civil war and conducted their own foreign diplomacy with neighboring states such as Nepal.
Question: What is the basis of the behavioral code at BYU?
Sentence: Students attending BYU are required to follow an honor code, which mandates behavior in line with LDS teachings such as academic honesty, adherence to dress and grooming standards, and abstinence from extramarital sex and from the consumption of drugs and alcohol.
Question: What lines comprise the Beijing-Shanghai (Jinghu) line?
Sentence: It serves as rail junction for the Beijing-Shanghai (Jinghu)
Question: In what year did battle over the Suez Canal commence?
Sentence: Moreover, he feared that if the armored corps was dispatched to confront the Israeli invading force and the British and French subsequently landed in the canal city of Port Said, Egyptian armor in the Sinai would be cut off from the canal and destroyed by the combined tripartite forces.
Question: How did the Romans view the corpse of the dead?
Sentence: The Christian Church fostered the veneration of saintly relics, and inscriptions marked the day of death as a transition to "new life".
Question: Who wrote 'The Rights of Man'?
Sentence: Thomas Paine penned the Rights of Man in 1791 as a response to Burke; Mary Wollstonecraft published A Vindication of the Rights of Men and James Mackintosh wrote Vindiciae Gallicae.
Question: What was the life expectancy in 2009?
Sentence: There was a noticeable decline of the infant mortality rate (during the 1970s to the 1980s the infant mortality rate was 101-132/1000 live births, in 2000 the rate was 50-60/1000, and in 2008 it was 28-30/1000).
Question: What form of cotton contains a genetically modified gene?
Sentence: Due to the US Department of Agriculture's highly successful Boll Weevil Eradication Program (BWEP), this pest has been eliminated from cotton in most of the United States.
Question: Bulgaria was instrumental in the spread of what to the rest of the Slavic world?
Sentence: This provided the foundation for subsequent Slavic states to arise on the former territory of this realm with Carantania being the oldest of them.
Question: When did Wenzhou become Zhejiang's second treaty port?
Sentence: Under the terms of the Treaty of Nanking, signed in 1843, Ningbo became one of the five Chinese treaty ports opened to virtually unrestricted foreign trade.
Question: What year did the Greenhouse Gas Initiative go into effect?
Sentence: The plan took effect in 2009.
Question: Who was Cabinet Minister in 1998?
Sentence: In exchange for Rupert Murdoch's support, Blair agreed not to join the European Exchange Rate Mechanism – which John Major had withdrawn the country from in September 1992 after barely two years.
Question: What product significantly dropped in price at the end of World War I?
Sentence: When the value of natural rubber fell drastically, about the end of the Great War (World War I), the New Zealand government encouraged the production of bananas, for which there is a large market in New Zealand.[citation needed]
Question: When was the UN General Assembly of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enacted?
Sentence: But 23 years later in 1989 the Convention on the Rights of Children was adopted and helped to reduce the exploitation of children and demanded safe working environments.
Question: Which continents languages with few exceptions generally did not utilize case distinction until about the year 1300?
Sentence: European languages, except for Ancient Greek and Latin, did not make the case distinction before about 1300.[citation needed]
Question: On what days does the minibus take people into Jamestown?
Sentence: Car hire is available for visitors.
Question: What mode of transportation took over from the canals?
Sentence: Designed by electric power pioneer Frank J. Sprague, the trolley system opened its first line in 1888, and electric streetcar lines rapidly spread to other cities across the country.
Question: What percent of Ukraine is fluent in Russian as of 2006?
Sentence: In Ukraine, Russian is seen as a language of inter-ethnic communication, and a minority language, under the 1996 Constitution of Ukraine.
Question: What network is used to contact concierge and emergency assitance services as well as getting navigational and entetainment information?
Sentence: Researchers in 2011 were even able to use a malicious compact disc in a car's stereo system as a successful attack vector, and cars with built-in voice recognition or remote assistance features have onboard microphones which could be used for eavesdropping.