xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: The former publisher of the Boston phoenix owns what Spanish newspaper?
Sentence: The city's growing Latino population has given rise to a number of local and regional Spanish-language newspapers.
Question: What set of courses does someone need to take for preparation to be considered as a scholar?
Sentence: A typical Islamic school usually offers two courses of study: a ḥifẓ course teaching memorization of the Qur'an (the person who commits the entire Qurʼan to memory is called a ḥāfiẓ); and an ʻālim course leading the candidate to become an accepted scholar in the community.
Question: What military advantage brought the success for the British in defending Quebec?
Sentence: The French staged a counteroffensive in the spring of 1760, with initial success at the Battle of Sainte-Foy, but they were unable to retake Quebec, due to British naval superiority following the battle of Neuville.
Question: identify a major Prussian loss to the Austrians.
Sentence: The Russians under Zakhar Chernyshev and Pyotr Rumyantsev stormed Kolberg in Pomerania, while the Austrians captured Schweidnitz.
Question: What did Julian try to do to Athanasius?
Sentence: On 23 October the people gathered about the proscribed bishop to protest against the emperor's decree; but Athanasius urged them to submit, consoling them with the promise that his absence would be of short duration.
Question: What are fermatas?
Sentence: The performer and/or the conductor have a range of options for musical expression and interpretation of a scored piece, including the phrasing of melodies, the time taken during fermatas (held notes) or pauses, and the use (or choice not to use) of effects such as vibrato or glissando (these effects are possible on various stringed, brass and woodwind instruments and with the human voice).
Question: Creole food is often what?
Sentence: West Indian cuisine, steamed vegetables with fresh fish is common; Creole dishes tend to be spicier.
Question: What year was the Alaska Railroad built?
Sentence: Built around 1915, the Alaska Railroad (ARR) played a key role in the development of Alaska through the 20th century.
Question: Who purchased the rights to the tantalum light filament from Siemens?
Sentence: General Electric bought the rights to use tantalum filaments and produced them in the US until 1913.
Question: Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend?
Sentence: The work has endured and is useful to this day.
Question: What are the Appalachian mountains called in French?
Sentence: ] French: les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America.
Question: When was the first browser created?
Sentence: His browser was called WorldWideWeb and later renamed Nexus.
Question: How did Henry the Young King die?
Sentence: Henry II moved in support of Richard, and Henry the Young King died from dysentery at the end of the campaign.
Question: What results in lengthy prison sentences as well as subsequent probation, large fines, and orders to pay restitution directly to victims?
Sentence: Generally, most felony convictions result in lengthy prison sentences as well as subsequent probation, large fines, and orders to pay restitution directly to victims; while misdemeanors may lead to a year or less in jail and a substantial fine.
Question: What is the spending limit for Tucson mayoral candidates to get public funding?
Sentence: Since 1985, both mayoral and council candidates have been eligible to receive matching public funds from the city.
Question: Brownstone rowhouse construction is most often associated with the period beginning in 1870 and ending in what year?
Sentence: In contrast, New York City also has neighborhoods that are less densely populated and feature free-standing dwellings.
Question: Who did Martha Ann Ricks present the famed Liberian coffee tree to?
Sentence: When President Ellen Johnson Sirleaf moved into the Executive Mansion, she reportedly had a Liberian-made quilt installed in her presidential office.
Question: What hub is built into the host controller?
Sentence: One hub—built into the host controller—is the root hub.
Question: What is the phenomenon where an organism looks like another species called?
Sentence: Mimicry is a related phenomenon where an organism has a similar appearance to another species.
Question: When did the first Rajput kingdoms emerge in India?
Sentence: The first recorded Rajput kingdoms emerged in Rajasthan in the 6th century, and small Rajput dynasties later ruled much of northern India.
Question: What language family do most of the languages of Italy belong to?
Sentence: This wide category includes:
Question: Who awarded a teaching license in European schools?
Sentence: A significant difference between the ijāzat al-tadrīs and the licentia docendi was that the former was awarded by the individual scholar-teacher, while the latter was awarded by the chief official of the university, who represented the collective faculty, rather than the individual scholar-teacher.
Question: What was the Fifth Phase of the Chinese counter initiative called?
Sentence: The offensive's first thrust fell upon I Corps, which fiercely resisted in the Battle of the Imjin River (22–25 April 1951) and the Battle of Kapyong (22–25 April 1951), blunting the impetus of the offensive, which was halted at the "No-name Line" north of Seoul.
Question: What accounts for the breakdown of the relation between genome size and morphological complexity in higher eukaryotes?
Sentence: This phenomenon also indicates the mighty influence coming from repetitive DNA act on the genomes.
Question: What kind of bodies to insects have?
Sentence: The abdomen consists of eleven segments, though in a few species of insects, these segments may be fused together or reduced in size.
Question: How did U.S. housing and financial assets react to the housing bubble burst?
Sentence: This may have also contributed to the deflating of the housing bubble, as asset prices generally move inversely to interest rates, and it became riskier to speculate in housing.
Question: Which diplomat helped gather information on the country of Anxi?
Sentence: These connections marked the beginning of the Silk Road trade network that extended to the Roman Empire, bringing Han items like silk to Rome and Roman goods such as glasswares to China.
Question: Why was the People's Republic of Korea not recognized?
Sentence: The USAMGIK refused to recognize the provisional government of the short-lived People's Republic of Korea (PRK) because it suspected it was communist.
Question: How much public debt did Greece have in 2011?
Sentence: The subsequent Great Recession and Greek government-debt crisis, a central focus of the wider European debt crisis, plunged the economy into a sharp downturn, with real GDP growth rates of −0.3% in 2008, −4.3% in 2009, −5.5% in 2010, −9.1% in 2011, −7.3% in 2012 and −3.2% in 2013.
Question: From what area were the participants of the Pyrenees Cup competition?
Sentence: The contest was the most prestigious in that era.
Question: Why is finding the first exemplar important in textual criticism?
Sentence: In such a situation, a key objective becomes the identification of the first exemplar before any split in the tradition.
Question: In addition to Polish and French, what other language has numerous biogrpahies of Chopin?
Sentence: Chopin has figured extensively in Polish literature, both in serious critical studies of his life and music and in fictional treatments.
Question: Where did an abortive coup occur in 1993?
Sentence: In October 1993, elements of the increasingly marginalised army initiated a failed coup in Misrata, while in September 1995, Islamists launched an insurgency in Benghazi, and in July 1996 an anti-Gaddafist football riot broke out in Tripoli.
Question: If a memory is triggered by a time, which kind of memory is this?
Sentence: Another major way to distinguish different memory functions is whether the content to be remembered is in the past, retrospective memory, or in the future, prospective memory.
Question: When was the idea of the Lodges for Adoption abandoned?
Sentence: As Freemasonry spread, continental masons began to include their ladies in Lodges of Adoption, which worked three degrees with the same names as the men's but different content.
Question: What phases of flight will passengers be able to use electronic devices?
Sentence: The FAA expects many carriers to show that their planes allow passengers to safely use their devices in airplane mode, gate-to-gate, by the end of 2013.
Question: How many nocturnes did Chopin compose?
Sentence: The 21 nocturnes are more structured, and of greater emotional depth, than those of Field (whom Chopin met in 1833).
Question: Who did Rome fight in the Fourth Macedonian War?
Sentence: Convinced now that the Greeks (and therefore the rest of the region) would not have peace if left alone, Rome decided to establish its first permanent foothold in the Greek world, and divided the Kingdom of Macedonia into four client republics.
Question: Which part of a tree can have vertical or horizontal variation in its specific gravity?
Sentence: Within an individual tree, the variation in wood density is often as great as or even greater than that between different trees (Timell 1986).
Question: What is one of the most important aging factors in capacitors?
Sentence: The type of dielectric, ambient operating and storage temperatures are the most significant aging factors, while the operating voltage has a smaller effect.
Question: How is wisdom defined?
Sentence: Thus, it is during the adolescence-adulthood transition that individuals acquire the type of wisdom that is associated with age.
Question: What type of philosophy was essential to this forwarding of thought?
Sentence: Thus, the stage was set for the adoption of an approach to natural philosophy, based on empirical observations and experimentation of the physical universe, making possible the advent of the age of scientific inquiry that followed the Renaissance.
Question: How many Fono members are there?
Sentence: There are more than 25,000 matais in the country, about 5% of whom are women.
Question: What do Hokkein varieties retain that are no longer found in other Chinese varieties?
Sentence: Vowels are more-or-less similar to that of Standard Mandarin.
Question: The Dutch Republic dominated world trade during what time?
Sentence: The County of Holland was the wealthiest and most urbanized region in the world.
Question: When was Morphine and Quinine first available?
Sentence: The first of these were local apothecaries that expanded from their traditional role distributing botanical drugs such as morphine and quinine to wholesale manufacture in the mid 1800s.
Question: What is a secondary sex characteristic change?
Sentence: The changes in secondary sex characteristics that take place during puberty are often referred to in terms of five Tanner stages, named after the British pediatrician who devised the categorization system.
Question: What kind of tree was the Bodhi Tree?
Sentence: At the age of 35, he famously sat in meditation under a Ficus religiosa tree now called the Bodhi Tree in the town of Bodh Gaya and vowed not to rise before achieving enlightenment.
Question: From what building do the two public radio stations broadcast?
Sentence: The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area is served by one public television station and two public radio stations.
Question: What percent of the Bronx is multiracial?
Sentence: Multiracial Americans are also a sizable minority in the Bronx.
Question: What else is navigation based on?
Sentence: Navigation has also been shown to be based on a combination of other abilities including the ability to detect magnetic fields (magnetoception), use visual landmarks as well as olfactory cues.
Question: Which event precipitated the Ordovician period?
Sentence: During the Ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called Gondwana.
Question: What are the earliest texts of Indian/Hindu philosophy?
Sentence: Ancient Greek philosophers, including Parmenides and Heraclitus, wrote essays on the nature of time.
Question: Which type of configuration is often manufactured with the leads parallel to the body of the capacitor?
Sentence: The leads (until bent) are usually in planes parallel to that of the flat body of the capacitor, and extend in the same direction; they are often parallel as manufactured.
Question: What's Southampton University's radio station called?
Sentence: In addition, Southampton University has a radio station called SURGE, broadcasting on AM band as well as through the web.
Question: Where did MCA's Revue Productions subsidiary rent space?
Sentence: MCA owned the studio lot, but not Universal Pictures, yet was increasingly influential on Universal's product.
Question: In what year was the Order of the Garter established?
Sentence: The spirit of chivalry was given expression through the new (secular) type of chivalric orders; the first of these was the Order of St. George, founded by Charles I of Hungary in 1325, while the best known was probably the English Order of the Garter, founded by Edward III in 1348.
Question: What is stored in the chloroplast?
Sentence: The light energy captured by chlorophyll a is initially in the form of electrons (and later a proton gradient) that's used to make molecules of ATP and NADPH which temporarily store and transport energy.
Question: Where was Camp Cooke situated?
Sentence: The first U.S. Army post established in Montana was Camp Cooke on the Missouri River in 1866 to protect steamboat traffic going to Fort Benton, Montana.
Question: Unlike modern rock radio, what sex is adult contemporary radio said to appeal to?
Sentence: In 1997, Mike Marino of KMXB in Las Vegas described the format as reaching "an audience that has outgrown the edgier hip-hop or alternative music but hasn't gotten old and sappy enough for the soft ACs."
Question: Where is the hub for Air France?
Sentence: Charles de Gaulle Airport, located on the edge of the northern suburbs of Paris, opened to commercial traffic in 1974 and became the busiest Parisian airport in 1993.
Question: What percentage of Islamic women were educated before the 1200s?
Sentence: However, al-Sakhawi and Mohammad Akram Nadwi have since found evidence of over 8,000 female scholars since the 15th century.
Question: What is one way the city tried to combat crime?
Sentence: Between 2000 and 2004 an average of 478 crimes were reported each day in Mexico City; however, the actual crime rate is thought to be much higher "since most people are reluctant to report crime".
Question: How long has the limited test system been operating?
Sentence: The BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS, simplified Chinese: 北斗卫星导航系统; traditional Chinese: 北斗衛星導航系統; pinyin: Běidǒu wèixīng dǎoháng xìtǒng) is a Chinese satellite navigation system.
Question: When did American drop a nuclear bomb on Nagasaki?
Sentence: Three days later, on 9 August, the U.S. dropped another atomic bomb on Nagasaki, the last nuclear attack in history.
Question: Where is the commander based out of?
Sentence: The commander of 1 Canadian Air Division and Canadian NORAD Region, based in Winnipeg, is responsible for the operational command and control of Air Force activities throughout Canada and worldwide.
Question: Who led the Israelites back into Canaan during the "Exodus?"
Sentence: Jacob and his sons had lived in Canaan but were forced by famine to go into Egypt for four generations, lasting 430 years, until Moses, a great-great grandson of Jacob, led the Israelites back into Canaan during the "Exodus".
Question: What did Tuvalu develop as a safe water strategy?
Sentence: In July 2012 a United Nations Special Rapporteur called on the Tuvalu Government to develop a national water strategy to improve access to safe drinking water and sanitation.
Question: What class was the first to receive the Glock .40 S&W pistol?
Sentence: In May 1997, the FBI officially adopted the Glock .40 S&W pistol for general agent use and first issued it to New Agent Class 98-1 in October 1997.
Question: What are homogeneous states?
Sentence: Whilst it is often perceived as an optimal solution for states comprising different cultural or ethnic communities, the federalist model seems to work best in largely homogeneous states such as the United States, Germany or Australia, but there is also evidence to the contrary such as in Switzerland.
Question: A sphere shows what type of antennas radiation?
Sentence: The radiation pattern of an antenna is a plot of the relative field strength of the radio waves emitted by the antenna at different angles.
Question: Which scientist argued that Darwinism was atheism?
Sentence: While many conservative theologians accepted evolution, Charles Hodge argued in his 1874 critique "What is Darwinism?" that "Darwinism", defined narrowly as including rejection of design, was atheism though he accepted that Asa Gray did not reject design.
Question: What paper featured a photograph of the head coach of the Gladiators punching the commissioner of the AFL?
Sentence: The national media ran with the story, including a photo in USA Today.
Question: What are large companies relying on outside organizations for?
Sentence: Smaller organizations, on the other hand, often focus on a specific aspect such as discovering drug candidates or developing formulations.
Question: What are some other attractions
Sentence: The county has several museums; those at Bath include the American Museum in Britain, the Museum of Bath Architecture, the Herschel Museum of Astronomy, the Jane Austen Centre, and the Roman Baths.
Question: What issues stalled the armistice talks?
Sentence: A major, problematic negotiation point was prisoner of war (POW) repatriation.
Question: What is a heliometer?
Sentence: There is a bronze line, la
Question: The Times greatly supported what bill in 1832 which reduced corruption and increased the electorate?
Sentence: In other events of the nineteenth century, The Times opposed the repeal of the Corn Laws until the number of demonstrations convinced the editorial board otherwise, and only reluctantly supported aid to victims of the Irish Potato Famine.
Question: What party members win most state and national legislative elections?
Sentence: In partisan elections for the Washington State Legislature and United States Congress, nearly all elections are won by Democrats.
Question: Whom did Nikolai Durkin say lived in a village on the Kheuveren River?
Sentence: Some researchers believe that the first Russian settlement in Alaska was established in the 17th century.
Question: What is the name of the traditional Chinese alphabet?
Sentence: Of these the most popular is Pe̍h-ōe-jī (traditional Chinese: 白話字; simplified Chinese: 白话字;
Question: Some schools within Buddhism discourage what type of study?
Sentence: Some schools of Buddhism discourage doctrinal study, and some regard it as essential practice.
Question: How many buildings collapsed as a result of the May 27th aftershocks?
Sentence: On May 27, two aftershocks, one 5.2 Mw in Qingchuan County and one 5.7 Mw in Ningqiang County, Shaanxi, led to the collapse of more than 420,000 homes and injured 63 people.
Question: What does a charging port supply?
Sentence: Contrary to the standard downstream port, for which current draw by a connected portable device can exceed 100 mA only after digital negotiation with the host or hub, a charging port can supply currents between 500 mA and 1.5 A without the digital negotiation.
Question: What is the nationally set limit for exposure of asphalt in a 15 minute period?
Sentence: Asphalt is basically an inert material that must be heated or diluted to a point where it becomes workable for the production of materials for paving, roofing, and other applications.
Question: How many ganglia are on each side of a thoracic segment?
Sentence: The thoracic segments have one ganglion on each side, which are connected into a pair, one pair per segment.
Question: Who along with the King Edgar established the monks at the Abbey?
Sentence: The proven origins are that in the 960s or early 970s, Saint Dunstan, assisted by King Edgar, installed a community of Benedictine monks here.
Question: What was BYU graduate Clayton M. Christensen known as?
Sentence: The University also graduated Nobel Prize winner Paul D. Boyer, as well as Philo Farnsworth (inventor of the electronic television) and Harvey Fletcher (inventor of the hearing aid).
Question: WHich Irish newspaper has it's homebase in Cork, Ireland?
Sentence: One of the biggest free newspapers in the city is the Cork Independent.
Question: Is the view of the impregnation of Mary's pregnancy the same as the one held for the birth of her first child ?
Sentence: Catholics believe that Mary was not the product of a virginal conception herself but was the daughter of a human father and mother, traditionally known by the names of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne.
Question: What was the name of the French general who led the forces that attempted to regain control of Sainte-Domingue?
Sentence: Saint-Domingue had managed to acquire a high level of political autonomy during the Revolutionary Wars, with Toussaint Louverture installing himself as de facto dictator by 1801.
Question: Nasser was a leader of what country?
Sentence: Yugoslavia had a liberal travel policy permitting foreigners to freely travel through the country and its citizens to travel worldwide, whereas it was limited by most Communist countries.
Question: The red nucleus controls what part(s) of the body?
Sentence: At a higher level yet is the primary motor cortex, a strip of tissue located at the posterior edge of the frontal lobe.
Question: What was the sale price of Marvel?
Sentence: As of 2008, Marvel and its major, longtime competitor DC Comics shared over 80% of the American comic-book market.
Question: Along with exhibition and distribution, what business did the Universal Film Manufacturing Company engage in?
Sentence: The Universal Film Manufacturing Company was incorporated in New York on April 30, 1912.
Question: How many public shows did he perform during the last years of his life?
Sentence: In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848.
Question: How many inhabitants live within Valencia's limits?
Sentence: The third largest city in Spain and the 24th most populous municipality in the European Union, Valencia has a population of 809,267 within its administrative limits on a land area of 134.6 km2 (52 sq mi).
Question: Who revolted in 1824?
Sentence: The "Rheinische" Carnival is held in the west of Germany, mainly in the states of North Rhine-Westphalia or Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rhineland Palatinate or Rheinland-Pfalz, but also in Hessen [including Oberhessen], Bavaria and other states.
Question: When did Beyonce begin her second world tour?
Sentence: In March 2009, Beyoncé embarked on the I Am...
Question: How much did viewers have to pay for the HD1 channel?
Sentence: Euro1080, a division of the former and now bankrupt Belgian TV services company Alfacam, broadcast HDTV channels to break the pan-European stalemate of "no HD broadcasts mean no HD TVs bought means no HD broadcasts ..." and kick-start HDTV interest in Europe.
Question: What does basso continuo mean?
Sentence: The tonalities of major and minor as means for managing dissonance and chromaticism in music took full shape.
Question: How many lives did the Stop TB Partnership vow to save in the nine years between its start and 2015?
Sentence: A number of targets they have set are not likely to be achieved by 2015, mostly due to the increase in HIV-associated tuberculosis and the emergence of multiple drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Question: What can detect stealth aircraft?
Sentence: Multiple transmitter radars such as those from bistatic radars and low-frequency radars are said to have the capabilities to detect stealth aircraft.
Question: What are tropical birds preferred foods?
Sentence: There is evidence that this enables the migrants to obtain more of their preferred foods such as fruits.