xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Are Greenland's glacial earthquakes increasing or decreasing as time goes on?
Sentence: This increase in the numbers of glacial earthquakes in Greenland may be a response to global warming.
Question: What makes a copy of an original idea infringing?
Sentence: The idea itself is not protected.
Question: What role does zinc play in fingers, twists and clusters?
Sentence: Each of the nine or ten Zn2+ ions in a zinc finger helps maintain the finger's structure by coordinately binding to four amino acids in the transcription factor.
Question: When did season 12 premiere?
Sentence: This was the first season since season nine to have four judges on the panel.
Question: Which Queen tried and failed to raise the hemline of her dress after WWI?
Sentence: Following their accession in 1936, King George VI and his consort, Queen Elizabeth, allowed the hemline of daytime skirts to rise.
Question: What features are emphasized in adult contemporary R&B music?
Sentence: As the use of drum machines, synthesizers, and sequencers dominates R&B-rooted music, adult contemporary R&B tends to take most of its cues from the more refined strains of 1970s soul, such as smooth soul, Philly soul and quiet storm.
Question: Prior to the 1954 elections, who had majorities in Congress?
Sentence: Eisenhower then articulated his position as a moderate, progressive Republican: "I have just one purpose ... and that is to build up a strong progressive Republican Party in this country.
Question: During what periods did the Sumerican city-states rise to power?
Sentence: The Sumerian city-states rose to power during the prehistoric Ubaid and Uruk periods.
Question: What are Jehovah witnesses best known for?
Sentence: They consider use of the name Jehovah vital for proper worship.
Question: What is the Knesset?
Sentence: In this respect, a religiously Ashkenazi Jew is an Israeli who is more likely to support certain religious interests in Israel, including certain political parties.
Question: Which two candidates had surprising results despite Howard Dean being the strong front-runner?
Sentence: However, the Iowa caucuses yielded unexpectedly strong results for Democratic candidates John Kerry, who earned 38% of the state's delegates and John Edwards, who took 32%.
Question: When did gag single-panel illustrations become known as cartoons?
Sentence: Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image.
Question: If a scientist didn't want to use an acid-fast staining technique, what type of microscopy could they use instead?
Sentence: Since MTB retains certain stains even after being treated with acidic solution, it is classified as an acid-fast bacillus.
Question: The continuous back and forth regarding the decisions on patents was referred to as what?
Sentence: In September 2006, German officials seized MP3 players from SanDisk's booth at the IFA show in Berlin after an Italian patents firm won an injunction on behalf of Sisvel against SanDisk in a dispute over licensing rights.
Question: What was the last crisis during cold war to escalate world powers?
Sentence: Another important factor is the apparent consensus among Western great powers that military force is no longer an effective tool of resolving disputes among their peers.
Question: How is the climate in St. John's?
Sentence: St. John's has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), with lower seasonal variation than normal for the latitude, which is due to Gulf Stream moderation.
Question: What was the name of Columbia University's alumni association?
Sentence: Because the American Assembly had begun to take shape, he traveled around the country during mid-to-late 1950, building financial support from Columbia Associates, an alumni association.
Question: Who partnered with Universal in the creation of Cinema International Corporation?
Sentence: In the early 1970s, Universal teamed up with Paramount Pictures to form Cinema International Corporation, which distributed films by Paramount and Universal worldwide.
Question: Who was one of the earliest psychologists to take an explicit interest in identity?
Sentence: Erik Erikson (1902-1994) became one of the earliest psychologists to take an explicit interest in identity.
Question: What was thought to be the plan of Hannibal and the emperor of Seleucid?
Sentence: The situation was made worse by the fact that Hannibal was now a chief military advisor to the Seleucid emperor, and the two were believed to be planning an outright conquest not just of Greece, but of Rome itself.
Question: What is the largest amusement park in Latin America?
Sentence: The theme park Six Flags México (the largest amusement park in Latin America) is located in the Ajusco neighborhood, in Tlalpan borough, southern Mexico City.
Question: Who discovered Hydrogen gas?
Sentence: In 1671, Robert Boyle discovered and described the reaction between iron filings and dilute acids, which results in the production of hydrogen gas.
Question: What did Laird refuse to court-martial Kerry for?
Sentence: According to Nixon Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird, "I didn't approve of what he did, but I understood the protesters quite well", and he declined two requests from the Navy to court martial Reserve Lieutenant Kerry over his antiwar activity.
Question: How many soldiers were available to Rome at the start of the Second Punic War?
Sentence: Rome's Italian allies would be organized in alae, or wings, roughly equal in manpower to the Roman legions, though with 900 cavalry instead of 300.
Question: What was needed to successfully play the newer released 79 rpm vinyl?
Sentence: This was a disaster because Rhino did not warn customers that their records were made of vinyl, and that the vintage 78 RPM juke boxes were designed with heavy tone arms and steel needles to play the hard shellac records of their time.
Question: Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?
Sentence: The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed.
Question: Who agreed upon the 16:9 aspect ratio?
Sentence: Initially the existing 5:3 aspect ratio had been the main candidate but, due to the influence of widescreen cinema, the aspect ratio 16:9 (1.78) eventually emerged as being a reasonable compromise between 5:3 (1.67) and the common 1.85 widescreen cinema format.
Question: What type of signal do immunoassays produce?
Sentence: Signal of unknowns can be compared to that of standards allowing quantitation of the target antigen.
Question: Who first established the Volta Prize?
Sentence: Since Bell was becoming increasingly affluent, he used his prize money to create endowment funds (the 'Volta Fund') and institutions in and around the United States capital of Washington, D.C..
Question: What rotation can a rotation be reversed by?
Sentence: In the example above, the identity and the rotations constitute a subgroup R = {id, r1, r2, r3}, highlighted in red in the group table above: any two rotations composed are still a rotation, and a rotation can be undone by (i.e. is inverse to) the complementary rotations 270° for 90°, 180° for 180°, and 90° for 270° (note that rotation in the opposite direction is not defined).
Question: In Old English, noun endings vary on what basis?
Sentence: In Old English, however, nouns and their modifying words take appropriate endings depending on their case.
Question: What percentage of Estonian Russians have though of going back to Russia?
Sentence: According to surveys, only 5% of the Russian community have considered returning to Russia in the near future.
Question: What are some of the authorized head dresses for the CAF?
Sentence: The beret is probably the most widely worn headgear and is worn with almost all orders of dress (with the exception of the more formal orders of Navy and Air Force dress), and the colour of which is determined by the wearer's environment, branch, or mission.
Question: Who elected consuls in the Roman government?
Sentence: Roman government was headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and advised by a senate composed of appointed magistrates.
Question: In 1940 a German prisoner overheard boasting that the British would never find what system?
Sentence: The details of the conversation were passed to an RAF Air Staff technical advisor, Dr. R. V. Jones, who started an in-depth investigation which discovered that the Luftwaffe's Lorenz receivers were more than blind-landing devices.
Question: When did Imperial announce their science park program at the Wye Campus?
Sentence: In December 2005, Imperial announced a science park programme at the Wye campus, with extensive housing; however, this was abandoned in September 2006 following complaints that the proposal infringed on Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and that the true scale of the scheme, which could have raised £110m for the College, was known to Kent and Ashford Councils and their consultants but concealed from the public.
Question: What hapend to the Florida congressional map in 2015
Sentence: In 2015, the Florida Supreme Court ruled on appeal that the congressional districts had to be redrawn because of the legislature's violation of the Fair District Amendments to the state constitution passed in 2010; it accepted a new map in early December 2015.
Question: What did the brother of John Zahm construct at Notre Dame?
Sentence: Around 1899, Professor Jerome Green became the first American to send a wireless message.
Question: On what day did Darlan die?
Sentence: Darlan was assassinated on December 24 by Fernand Bonnier de La Chapelle.
Question: How many industry models are followed for the production process of poultry?
Sentence: There are two distinct models of production; the European Union supply chain model seeks to supply products which can be traced back to the farm of origin.
Question: What did Saadia Marciano do with the Israeli Black Panthers?
Sentence: North African Sepharadim and Berber Jews were often looked upon by Ashkenazim as second-class citizens during the first decade after the creation of Israel.
Question: What was suspended for the duration of the mourning period?
Sentence: The Ningbo Organizing Committee of the Beijing Olympic torch relay announced that the relay, scheduled to take place in Ningbo during national morning, would be suspended for the duration of the mourning period.
Question: By what percentage has viewership in the US risen from 2012 to 2015?
Sentence: Premier League viewership has increased rapidly, with NBC and NBCSN averaging a record 479,000 viewers in the 2014–15 season, up 118% from 2012–13 when coverage still aired on Fox Soccer and ESPN/ESPN2 (220,000 viewers), and NBC Sports has been widely praised for its coverage.
Question: What Indian thinkers were early idealists?
Sentence: This turn toward the subjective anticipated empiricists such as George Berkeley, who revived idealism in 18th-century Europe by employing skeptical arguments against materialism.
Question: Who succeeded in liberating territory despite conflicts?
Sentence: It is said that Tito ordered his forces to assist escaping Jews, and that more than 2,000 Jews fought directly for Tito.
Question: What is a type of video format?
Sentence: Making 'cuts' in intraframe-compressed video is almost as easy as editing uncompressed video: one finds the beginning and ending of each frame, and simply copies bit-for-bit each frame that one wants to keep, and discards the frames one doesn't want.
Question: The new venues and modes of communication allowing for rational exchange were given what term by Habermas in 18th century Europe?
Sentence: Habermas said that the public sphere was bourgeois, egalitarian, rational, and independent from the state, making it the ideal venue for intellectuals to critically examine contemporary politics and society, away from the interference of established authority.
Question: What started competition between families for wealth?
Sentence: Possession of livestock allowed competition between households and resulted in inherited inequalities of wealth.
Question: How many viewers did the largest rock star benefit concert attract?
Sentence: On 20 April 1992, The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert was held at London's Wembley Stadium to a 72,000-strong crowd.
Question: Who can permit a person to hunt wild animals?
Sentence: In this case, the body of any wild animal killed or wounded becomes government property.
Question: What is the highest object of meditation?
Sentence: The above are further subdivided into 31 planes of existence.[web 4] Rebirths in some of the higher heavens, known as the Śuddhāvāsa Worlds or Pure Abodes, can be attained only by skilled Buddhist practitioners known as anāgāmis (non-returners).
Question: Why is the name the British Isles disputed in Ireland?
Sentence: The Government of Ireland does not recognise or use the term and its embassy in London discourages its use.
Question: How many extra letters does the Croatian Latin alphabet have?
Sentence: The Croatian Latin alphabet (Gajica) followed suit shortly afterwards, when Ljudevit Gaj defined it as standard Latin with five extra letters that had diacritics, apparently borrowing much from Czech, but also from Polish, and inventing the unique digraphs "lj", "nj" and "dž".
Question: Magnates recieved gifts often from who?
Sentence: Magnates often received gifts from monarchs, which significantly increased their wealth.
Question: When was the airport expected to be fully functional?
Sentence: The airport is also expected to kick start the tourism industry, with up to 30,000 visitors expected annually.
Question: How high were the buildings in the Mature Indus ?
Sentence: The Mature Indus civilisation flourished from about 2600 to 1900 BCE, marking the beginning of urban civilisation on the subcontinent.
Question: Where did the Chinese government decide that parents who had lost children could go for free treatment?
Sentence: In the aftermath of the earthquake, the Chinese government declared that parents who had lost their only children would get free treatment from fertility clinics to reverse vasectomies and tubal ligations conducted by family planning authorities.
Question: Which structure in the church became a historical monument?
Sentence: The bell in the church was declared a historical monument and can be seen today in the Cathedral.
Question: When did individuals self-identify as belonging to a particular ethnic group?
Sentence: Officers are instructed to "record the response that has been given" even if the person gives an answer which may be incorrect; their own perception of the person's ethnic background is recorded separately.
Question: Where is Topshop located?
Sentence: The new division was created for Topshop to break into the activewear market, with an athletic, street wear brand being produced.
Question: What is another phrase meaning hidden feature?
Sentence: The original iPod had the game Brick (originally invented by Apple's co-founder Steve Wozniak) included as an easter egg hidden feature; later firmware versions added it as a menu option.
Question: What created Serbia?
Sentence: The Greek War of Independence, 1821–1832, created modern Greece, which recovered most of the lands of ancient Greece, but could not gain Constantinople.
Question: What has happened to the local dialects in the French speaking regions?
Sentence: Conversely, in the French-speaking regions the local dialects have almost disappeared (only 6.3% of the population of Valais, 3.9% of Fribourg, and 3.1% of Jura still spoke dialects at the end of the 20th century), while in the Italian-speaking regions dialects are mostly limited to family settings and casual conversation.
Question: Activity trackers are an example of what?
Sentence: Smart phones, tablet computers, smart watches, and other mobile devices such as Quantified Self devices like activity trackers have also become targets and many of these have sensors such as cameras, microphones, GPS receivers, compasses, and accelerometers which could be exploited, and may collect personal information, including sensitive health information.
Question: How long ago does the evidence show moths and insects to have been indigenous?
Sentence: In Emosson in Valais, Switzerland, dinosaur tracks were found in the 1970s, dating probably from the Triassic Period.
Question: How many geographic regions make up Greece?
Sentence: Greece consists of nine geographic regions: Macedonia, Central Greece, the Peloponnese, Thessaly, Epirus, the Aegean Islands (including the Dodecanese and Cyclades), Thrace, Crete, and the Ionian Islands.
Question: What organization was Broca in the process of disentangling himself from?
Sentence: Paul Broca in Paris was in the process of breaking away from the Société de biologie to form the first of the explicitly anthropological societies, the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris, meeting for the first time in Paris in 1859.[n 4]
Question: What is commonly used in Taiwan?
Sentence: The following is a comparison of Chinese characters in the Standard Form of National Characters, a common traditional Chinese standard used in Taiwan, the Table of General Standard Chinese Characters, the standard for Mainland Chinese simplified Chinese characters, and the jōyō kanji, the standard for Japanese kanji.
Question: Along with West Hoe and Radford, where was Middle Devonian limestone quarried in the region?
Sentence: There is evidence that the middle Devonian limestone belt at the south edge of Plymouth and in Plymstock was quarried at West Hoe, Cattedown and Radford.
Question: What is the number range of living bird species?
Sentence: Depending on the taxonomic viewpoint, the number of known living bird species varies anywhere from 9,800 to 10,050.
Question: What day was the first victory the RAF had with airborne radar?
Sentence: On 19 November, John Cunningham of No.
Question: What clubs competed in the match?
Sentence: The first FA Cup Final on Radio was in 1926 between Bolton Wanderers and Manchester City but this was only broadcast in Manchester, the first national final on BBC Radio was between Arsenal and Cardiff in 1927.
Question: Continued fighting transpired between the Armenians and Soviets in which city?
Sentence: Further firefights between Armenian militiamen and Soviet troops occurred in Sovetashen, near the capital and resulted in the deaths of over 26 people, mostly Armenians.
Question: How does peristalsis work?
Sentence: However, the septa are often incomplete in annelids that are semi-sessile or that do not move by peristalsis or by movements of parapodia – for example some move by whipping movements of the body, some small marine species move by means of cilia (fine muscle-powered hairs) and some burrowers turn their pharynges (throats) inside out to penetrate the sea-floor and drag themselves into it.
Question: How tall are the mountains in Nova Scotia?
Sentence: In the Chic-Choc and Notre Dame mountain ranges in Quebec, the higher summits rise to about 4,000 ft (1,200 m) elevation.
Question: What does the Spanish ibex eat?
Sentence: Amensalism is often used to describe strongly asymmetrical competitive interactions, such as has been observed between the Spanish ibex and weevils of the genus Timarcha which feed upon the same type of shrub.
Question: How many Billboard hits did American Idol produce in its first ten years?
Sentence: According to Billboard magazine, in its first ten years, "Idol has spawned 345 Billboard chart-toppers and a platoon of pop idols, including Kelly Clarkson, Carrie Underwood, Chris Daughtry, Fantasia, Ruben Studdard, Jennifer Hudson, Clay Aiken, Adam Lambert and Jordin Sparks while remaining a TV ratings juggernaut."
Question: What was bolstered by the the final downward spiral of the Empire of Trebizond ?
Sentence: The interest in the Classical Greek heritage was complemented by a renewed emphasis on Greek Orthodox identity, which was reinforced in the late Medieval and Ottoman Greeks' links with their fellow Orthodox Christians in the Russian Empire.
Question: What entity did Bronck get his land from?
Sentence: He leased land from the Dutch West India Company on the neck of the mainland immediately north of the Dutch settlement in Harlem (on Manhattan island), and bought additional tracts from the local tribes.
Question: What are labs trying to produce hydrogen from?
Sentence: There are more than 200 thermochemical cycles which can be used for water splitting, around a dozen of these cycles such as the iron oxide cycle, cerium(IV)
Question: What official position did the Vatican take on the subject of evolution in 1950?
Sentence: By the early 20th century, four noted authors of The Fundamentals were explicitly open to the possibility that God created through evolution, but fundamentalism inspired the American creation–evolution controversy that began in the 1920s.
Question: Along with Bari, what was a notable new pilgrimage site in this era?
Sentence: These new orders were formed in response to the feeling of the laity that Benedictine monasticism no longer met the needs of the laymen, who along with those wishing to enter the religious life wanted a return to the simpler hermetical monasticism of early Christianity, or to live an Apostolic life.
Question: What group with the initials SATVI is researching TB vaccines?
Sentence: Among these, the Aeras Global TB Vaccine Foundation received a gift of more than $280 million (US) from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to develop and license an improved vaccine against tuberculosis for use in high burden countries.
Question: When did the second ruler of North Korea pass away?
Sentence: After Kim Jong Il, the second ruler of North Korea, died in December 2011, Kim Jong Un stepped up and began mandating the use of Hanja as a source of definition for the Korean language.
Question: Who was the actual party that requested the critical sites be taken down?
Sentence: An error message stated that this was in response to a "request by the site owner."
Question: The atomic bomb was a part of which movement?
Sentence: Further developments took place during World War II, which led to the practical application of radar and the development and use of the atomic bomb.
Question: Where did Chopin head to during the Revolution of 1848?
Sentence: This tour was suggested to him by his Scottish pupil Jane Stirling and her elder sister.
Question: What was the name of the manifesto that Rabbi Jacob Ettlinger produced?
Sentence: This group was led by those who opposed the establishment of a new temple in Hamburg , as reflected in the booklet "Ele Divrei HaBerit".
Question: What occurred in February of 2016?
Sentence: Homosexuality was decriminalised in Bermuda with the passage of the Stubbs Bill in May 1994.
Question: Who may impeach the president?
Sentence: The parliament may impeach the president.
Question: Who put together a good season for the Cubs in 2001?
Sentence: " One of the biggest stories of the season transpired as the club made a midseason deal for Fred McGriff, which was drawn out for nearly a month as McGriff debated waiving his no-trade clause, as the Cubs led the wild card race by 2.5 games in early September.
Question: Who was influenced by Western European and Islamic tendencies?
Sentence: Greek masters working in Sicily developed their own style, that shows the influence of Western European and Islamic artistic tendencies.
Question: What has recently led to a resurgence in the Chamorros culture and preservation of their old ways?
Sentence: The increasing numbers of Chamorros, especially Chamorro youth, relocating to the U.S. Mainland has further complicated both definition and preservation of Chamorro identity.[citation needed]