xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Which two former rivers in Palermo are currently building sites?
Sentence: Today both the Papireto river and the Kemonia are covered up by buildings.
Question: Where is Israel located?
Sentence: Israel's financial and technology center is Tel Aviv while Jerusalem is both the self-designated capital and most populous individual city under the country's governmental administration.
Question: How much of a royalty was Gray able to negotiate with a New York publisher for On the Origin of Species?
Sentence: In the United States, botanist Asa Gray an American colleague of Darwin negotiated with a Boston publisher for publication of an authorised American version, but learnt that two New York publishing firms were already planning to exploit the absence of international copyright to print Origin.
Question: Where did the word Tajik come from?
Sentence: The suffix "-stan" (Persian: ـستان‎‎ -stān) is Persian for "place of" or "country" and Tajik is, most likely, the name of a pre-Islamic (before the seventh century A.D.) tribe.
Question: Why was Britain mainly interested in solid fuel rockets?
Sentence: In Britain the interest was for anti-aircraft fire, it quickly became clear that guidance would be required for precision.
Question: What was one historic theory of the szlachta origins?
Sentence: (by contrast, the peasantry were said to be the offspring of another son of Noah, Ham—and hence subject to bondage under the Curse of Ham—and the Jews as the offspring of Shem).
Question: Who handed out gifts in the promotion of Greek culture and religion?
Sentence: Another role that was expected the monarch fill was that of charitable patron of his people, this public philanthropy could mean building projects and handing out gifts but also promotion of Greek culture and religion.
Question: Where did the language of Min and Wu dialects originate?
Sentence: The same may be said of Hokkien as well, since some lexical meaning evolved in step with Mandarin while others are wholly innovative developments.
Question: How long did Napoleon stay in Moscow before leaving?
Sentence: After five weeks, Napoleon and his army left.
Question: What are two areas of the reproductive system that experience growth in females during puberty?
Sentence: In females, changes in the primary sex characteristics involve growth of the uterus, vagina, and other aspects of the reproductive system.
Question: What was the name of the ship that Napoleon sent to the Black Sea?
Sentence: Thus, France's show of force presented a real threat, and when combined with aggressive diplomacy and money, induced the Ottoman Sultan Abdülmecid I to accept a new treaty, confirming France and the Roman Catholic Church as the supreme Christian authority with control over the Roman Catholic holy places and possession of the keys to the Church of the Nativity, previously held by the Greek Orthodox Church.:20
Question: When was Heine born?
Sentence: After Heine's German birthplace of Düsseldorf had rejected, allegedly for anti-Semitic motives, a centennial monument to the radical German-Jewish poet (1797–1856), his incensed German-American admirers, including Carl Schurz, started a movement to place one instead in Midtown Manhattan, at Fifth Avenue and 59th Street.
Question: Lester Brown states that the market does not incorporate what?
Sentence: Tax and subsidy shifting can help overcome these problems, though is also problematic to combine different international normative regimes regulating this issue.
Question: When did the Yongle Emperor invite Deshin Shekpa to his court?
Sentence: On March 10, 1403, the Yongle Emperor invited Deshin Shekpa, 5th Karmapa Lama (1384–1415), to his court, even though the fourth Karmapa had rejected the invitation of the Hongwu Emperor.
Question: Why did Ashikaga let his wife take over?
Sentence: According to legend, she made her kimono out of a quilted patchwork of bits of old cloth and saved pennies to buy her husband a magnificent horse, on which he rode to many victories.
Question: Where was the torch event held in Vietnam?
Sentence: Some 60 torchbearers carried the torch from the downtown Opera House to the Military Zone 7 Competition Hall stadium near Tan Son Nhat International Airport along an undisclosed route.
Question: Heat treatment of steel has been know since what time?
Sentence: The ability to modify the hardness of steel by heat treatment had been known since 1100 BC, and the rare material was valued for the manufacture of tools and weapons.
Question: Where does a bill go after it is signed?
Sentence: After the President signs a bill into law (or Congress enacts it over his veto), it is delivered to the Office of the Federal Register (OFR) of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) where it is assigned a law number, and prepared for publication as a slip law.
Question: In relation to other major ethnic groups, what is the education level of Latinos?
Sentence: They are the least well educated major ethnic group and suffered a 3% drop in high school completion rate while African Americans experienced a 12% increase between 1975-1990.
Question: What did Gabriel announce to Mary at the Annunciation?
Sentence: The Gospel of Luke begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus.
Question: What kind of error was found in Twilight Princess for Wii?
Sentence: Versions 3.3 and 3.4 of the Wii Menu prevented copying exploited save files onto the console until circumvention methods were discovered, and version 4.0 of the Wii Menu patched the vulnerability.
Question: In what area of Victora was CBC and Radio-Canada available?
Sentence: In Victoria, the replacement of the Vancouver analogue transmitters with digital ones only allowed only some northeastern parts of the metropolitan area (total population 330,000) to receive either CBC or Radio-Canada.
Question: What kind of bird flies less efficiently?
Sentence: Theoretical analyses show that detours that increase flight distance by up to 20% will often be adaptive on aerodynamic grounds - a bird that loads itself with food to cross a long barrier flies less efficiently.
Question: Until when were Canadian forces in Afghanistan?
Sentence: The nature of the Canadian Forces has continued to evolve.
Question: The rejection of the plan by the Saarlanders was interpreted as support for the Saar to do what?
Sentence: In the Paris Agreements of 23 October 1954, France offered to establish an independent "Saarland", under the auspices of the Western European Union (WEU), but on 23 October 1955 in the Saar Statute referendum the Saar electorate rejected this plan by 67.7% to 32.3% (out of a 96.5% turnout: 423,434 against, 201,975 for) despite the public support of Federal German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer for the plan.
Question: Beyonce joined 2 other women on what list from Billboard magazine in 2011?
Sentence: In May 2011, Billboard magazine listed Beyoncé at number 17 on their list of the "Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters", for having co-written eight singles that hit number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.
Question: Which standard does not include a specification for an MP3 encoder?
Sentence: The MPEG-1 standard does not include a precise specification for an MP3 encoder, but does provide example psychoacoustic models, rate loop, and the like in the non-normative part of the original standard.
Question: From which people were many facets of Roman culture copied from?
Sentence: Many aspects of Roman culture were borrowed from the Greeks.
Question: In what year did CTV stop showing live broadcasts of American Idol?
Sentence: CTV dropped Idol after its thirteenth season and in August 2014, Yes TV announced that it had picked up Canadian rights to American Idol beginning in its 2015 season.
Question: How many bilateral agreements did Bern and Brussels sign to further liberalise trade ties?
Sentence: To minimise the negative consequences of Switzerland's isolation from the rest of Europe, Bern and Brussels signed seven bilateral agreements to further liberalise trade ties.
Question: What is a major benefit to rabbits having a higher concentration of copper in their diet?
Sentence: A minimum dietary value for healthy growth in rabbits has been reported to be at least 3 ppm in the diet.
Question: What is the result of Karma called?
Sentence: Karma specifically refers to those actions of body, speech or mind that spring from mental intent (cetanā), and bring about a consequence or phala "fruit" or vipāka "result".
Question: Can states grant rights to citizens that are not defined by the constitution?
Sentence: Indeed, states may grant their citizens broader rights than the federal Constitution as long as they do not infringe on any federal constitutional rights.
Question: As of what year was hard rock a mainstream type of music?
Sentence: Hard rock had been established as a mainstream genre by 1965.
Question: What viewpoint did the book Socialism shift Hayek toward?
Sentence: It was during this time that he also encountered and befriended noted political philosopher Eric Voegelin, with whom he retained a long-standing relationship.
Question: What is a core beliefe that was recognized as important by orthodox Jews?
Sentence: Modern Orthodoxy, as a stream of Orthodox Judaism represented by institutions such as the U.S. National Council for Young Israel, is pro-Zionist and thus places a high national, as well as religious, significance on the State of Israel, and its affiliates are, typically, Zionist in orientation.
Question: Where in Antarctica is Halley Station?
Sentence: Since the 1970s, an important focus of study has been the ozone layer in the atmosphere above Antarctica.
Question: How long was the first light rail line in Houston?
Sentence: METRO began light rail service on January 1, 2004, with the inaugural track ("Red Line") running about 8 miles (13 km) from the University of Houston–Downtown (UHD), which traverses through the Texas Medical Center and terminates at NRG Park.
Question: What commander of the General Staff held the expectaion of independent thinking in his officers?
Sentence: According to the military historian Dallas Irvine, the system "was almost completely effective in excluding the army's brain power from the staff and high command.
Question: Where is Cyprus located?
Sentence: Cyprus (i/ˈsaɪprəs/; Greek: Κύπρος IPA: [ˈcipros]; Turkish: Kıbrıs IPA: [ˈkɯbɾɯs]), officially the Republic of Cyprus (Greek: Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία; Turkish: Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti), is an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, off the coasts of Syria and Turkey.[e] Cyprus is the third largest and third most populous island in the Mediterranean, and a member state of the European Union.
Question: What act needed provisions?
Sentence: In the U.S., a push for revisions of the FD&C Act emerged from Congressional hearings led by Senator Estes Kefauver of Tennessee in 1959.
Question: Which contestant won the season?
Sentence: Sparks has had some success as a recording artist post-Idol.
Question: Where is the semiconductor laser found in a CD player?
Sentence: A CD is read by focusing a 780 nm wavelength (near infrared) semiconductor laser housed within the CD player, through the bottom of the polycarbonate layer.
Question: What does each state have their own of?
Sentence: Each state is divided into municipalities (municípios) with their own legislative council (câmara de vereadores) and a mayor (prefeito), which are partly autonomous from both Federal and State Government.
Question: What maintains a historical understanding of jewish Identity?
Sentence: Orthodox Judaism maintains the historical understanding of Jewish identity.
Question: In Ireland, when was the power to dissolve parliament assigned to the prime minister?
Sentence: In the United Kingdom, for example, the tradition whereby it is the prime minister who requests a dissolution of parliament dates back to 1918.
Question: What religion is associated with Seto and Võro?
Sentence: Also, Seto and Võro distinguish themselves from each other less by language and more by their culture and their respective Christian confession.
Question: How many fire trucks did West Germany donate to Kathmandu?
Sentence: An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire.
Question: Which cities was Ibarra looking for?
Sentence: Francisco de Ibarra is thought to have been the first European to see the ruins of Paquime.
Question: Due to this, the overall traffic planning tend to assure landing queues are avoided.
Sentence: They may help to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft.
Question: What three divisions of power often found in government does the pope hold?
Sentence: In the Roman Church, universal positive ecclesiastical laws, based upon either immutable divine and natural law, or changeable circumstantial and merely positive law, derive formal authority and promulgation from the office of pope, who as Supreme Pontiff possesses the totality of legislative, executive, and judicial power in his person.
Question: How long did it take Columbia to produce a consumer friendly long play record?
Sentence: Beginning in 1939, Dr. Peter Goldmark and his staff at Columbia Records and at CBS Laboratories undertook efforts to address problems of recording and playing back narrow grooves and developing an inexpensive, reliable consumer playback system.
Question: Why are there multiple variations of texts before the advent of the printing press?
Sentence: Since each scribe or printer commits different errors, reconstruction of the lost original is often aided by a selection of readings taken from many sources.
Question: In what year did the Marshall Islands achieve total sovereignty?
Sentence: In World War I the Empire of Japan occupied the Marshall Islands, which in 1919 the League of Nations combined with other former German territories to form the South Pacific Mandate.
Question: How did James Gamble Rogers faux age the windows?
Sentence: Many of Yale's buildings were constructed in the Collegiate Gothic architecture style from 1917 to 1931, financed largely by Edward S. Harkness Stone sculpture built into the walls of the buildings portray contemporary college personalities such as a writer, an athlete, a tea-drinking socialite, and a student who has fallen asleep while reading.
Question: How many dogs are estimated to be in the world?
Sentence: all dog population estimates are based on regional human population densities and land uses.
Question: During the 2010 United States Census what percentage of Atlantic City's population was Hispanic or Latino?
Sentence: Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 30.45% (12,044) of the population.
Question: Queen's Crazy Little Thing Called Love was an ode to which singer?
Sentence: Queen also released the very successful single "Crazy Little Thing Called Love", a rockabilly inspired song done in the style of Elvis Presley.
Question: Federalism combines what two types of government?
Sentence: Its distinctive feature, exemplified in the founding example of modern federalism of the United States of America under the Constitution of 1789, is a relationship of parity between the two levels of government established.
Question: Which Mughal ruler tried to establish complete dominance over the Hindu populace?
Sentence: However, later emperors such as Aurangazeb tried to establish complete Muslim dominance, and as a result several historical temples were destroyed during this period and taxes imposed on non-Muslims.
Question: What is Joara?
Sentence: Spanish explorers traveling inland in the 16th century met Mississippian culture people at Joara, a regional chiefdom near present-day Morganton.
Question: Which Spielberg films are examples of a childlike sense of wonder?
Sentence: Another child oriented theme in Spielberg's films is that of loss of innocence and coming-of-age.
Question: What is the driving force for maintaining an equilibrium within an ecosystem?
Sentence: Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem.
Question: Who can no longer design a large structure?
Sentence: Modernism and Postmodernism have been criticised by some members of the architectural profession who feel that successful architecture is not a personal, philosophical, or aesthetic pursuit by individualists; rather it has to consider everyday needs of people and use technology to create liveable environments, with the design process being informed by studies of behavioral, environmental, and social sciences.
Question: Who was anonymously paying for Chopin's apartment?
Sentence: During the summer of 1849, his friends found him an apartment in Chaillot, out of the centre of the city, for which the rent was secretly subsidised by an admirer, Princess Obreskoff.
Question: Who developed the method to get epinephrine in it's pure form?
Sentence: Industrial chemist Jokichi Takamine later developed a method for obtaining epinephrine in a pure state, and licensed the technology to Parke Davis.
Question: What was the forerunner of Greek modern song?
Sentence: : καντάδα) became the forerunners of the Greek modern song, influencing its development to a considerable degree.
Question: What range of years is the Antikythera mechanism thought to have been created?
Sentence: The level of Hellenistic achievement in astronomy and engineering is impressively shown by the Antikythera mechanism (150–100 BC).
Question: What are the four categories of terra nullius?
Sentence: There are four categories of terra nullius, land that is unclaimed by any state: the small unclaimed territory of Bir Tawil between Egypt and Sudan, Antarctica, the oceans, and celestial bodies such as the Moon or Mars.
Question: Who were in the cathedral at the time of the protest?
Sentence: On October 28 UAOC faithful, supported by Ukrainian Catholics, demonstrated near St. Sophia’s Cathedral as newly elected Russian Orthodox Church Patriarch Aleksei and Metropolitan Filaret celebrated liturgy at the shrine.
Question: Where was a protest planned in San Francisco?
Sentence: On April 1, 2008, the San Francisco Board of Supervisors approved a resolution addressing human rights concerns when the Beijing Olympic torch arrives in San Francisco on April 9.
Question: The exhibit inaugurated by the Dalai Lama opened when?
Sentence: Another major addition to the city's museum scene is the Museum of Remembrance and Tolerance (Museo de la Memoria y Tolerancia), inaugurated in early 2011.
Question: What is the name of an airline owned by Dubai-based Somalis?
Sentence: Somali-owned businesses line the streets of Deira, the Dubai city centre, with only Iranians exporting more products from the city at large.
Question: What kind of poetry inspired Ottoman Divan Poetry?
Sentence: From the Persian poetry that largely inspired it, it inherited a wealth of symbols whose meanings and interrelationships—both of similitude (مراعات نظير mura'ât-i nazîr / تناسب tenâsüb) and opposition (تضاد tezâd) were more or less prescribed.
Question: How did Victoria feel about the prospect of having to live with her mother, no matter how far away in the palace they put her?
Sentence: She showed interest in Albert's education for the future role he would have to play as her husband, but she resisted attempts to rush her into wedlock.
Question: How many copies of the game had been sold on Gamecube as of March 2007?
Sentence: The game had sold 5.82 million copies on the Wii as of March 31, 2011[update], and 1.32 million on the GameCube as of March 31, 2007[update].
Question: Between which two nations was the Treaty of the Pyrenees signed?
Sentence: The Reconquista of Portugal and Spain led to a series of oceanic explorations resulting in the Age of Discovery that established direct links with Africa, the Americas, and Asia, while religious wars continued to be fought in Europe, which ended in 1648 with the Peace of Westphalia.
Question: What is the name of the flying mammal in Guam that some are concerned for?
Sentence: A federal Guam National Wildlife Refuge in northern Guam protects the decimated sea turtle population in addition to a small colony of Mariana fruit bats.
Question: When did The Seattle Art Museum open its doors?
Sentence: The Seattle Art Museum (SAM) opened in 1933; SAM opened a museum downtown in 1991 (expanded and reopened 2007); since 1991, the 1933 building has been SAM's Seattle Asian Art Museum (SAAM).
Question: Who stated that this argument was in fact support of Humanism?
Sentence: Nevertheless, philosopher Kate Soper notes that by faulting humanism for falling short of its own benevolent ideals, anti-humanism thus frequently "secretes a humanist rhetoric".
Question: Where is there a peninsula with luxury homes?
Sentence: At the northern end of Lake Paranoá, separated from the inner city, is a peninsula with many fashionable homes, and a similar city exists on the southern lakeshore.
Question: What is the name of the main principles of Protestantism?
Sentence: Because the five solas are the main tenets of the Protestant faith, non-denominational groups and organizations are also considered Protestant.
Question: Who were the primary inhabitants of Sepphoris in the 3rd through 7th centuries?
Sentence: In the center of the floor the zodiac wheel was depicted.
Question: Jack Kerouac authored what iconic book?
Sentence: This area has become one of Tucson's iconic neighborhoods.
Question: When was the British East Company given the right to collect revenue?
Sentence: The commercial colonization of India commenced in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey, when the Nawab of Bengal surrendered his dominions to the British East India Company, in 1765, when the Company was granted the diwani, or the right to collect revenue, in Bengal and Bihar, or in 1772, when the Company established a capital in Calcutta, appointed its first Governor-General, Warren Hastings, and became directly involved in governance.
Question: When did Wallace and Darwin unveil the theory of evolution?
Sentence: When he read Darwin he became an immediate convert to Transformisme, as the French called evolutionism.
Question: Calculi during the Fertile Crescent refers to what?
Sentence: The earliest counting device was probably a form of tally stick.
Question: Was René Descartes an idealist or a materialist?
Sentence: The materialist view is perhaps best understood in its opposition to the doctrines of immaterial substance applied to the mind historically, famously by René Descartes.
Question: Which part of the incandescent light bulb is heated?
Sentence: An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated to a high temperature, by passing an electric current through it, until it glows with visible light (incandescence).
Question: What portion of the reconstruction of Saint Denis was begun after the completion of the west front?
Sentence: To achieve his aims, his masons drew on the several new features which evolved or had been introduced to Romanesque architecture, the pointed arch, the ribbed vault, the ambulatory with radiating chapels, the clustered columns supporting ribs springing in different directions and the flying buttresses which enabled the insertion of large clerestory windows.
Question: Advocates argue these hunters allow for what type of activities?
Sentence: Advocates argue that these hunters allow for anti-poaching activities and revenue for local communities.[citation needed]
Question: Motion pictures employee the similar lighting techniques as which other form of lighting?
Sentence: Especially in the early days of these industries, very high light levels were required and heat produced by lighting equipment presented substantial challenges.
Question: Which writer in The Guardian was critical of Hopkins?
Sentence: He suspected that if any other contributor had written the piece it would not have been published and questioned her continued employment by the newspaper.
Question: When was the Third Great Awakening?
Sentence: The Third Great Awakening refers to a hypothetical historical period that was marked by religious activism in American history and spans the late 1850s to the early 20th century.