xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Who establishes leadership PACs?
Sentence: For example, they assist in recruiting qualified candidates; they establish "leadership PACs" to raise and distribute funds to House candidates of their party; they try to persuade partisan colleagues not to retire or run for other offices so as to hold down the number of open seats the party would need to defend; they coordinate their campaign activities with congressional and national party campaign committees; they encourage outside groups to back their candidates; they travel around the country to speak on behalf of party candidates; and they encourage incumbent colleagues to make significant financial contributions to the party's campaign committee. "
Question: What does hyper-responsiveness of the airways cause?
Sentence: It is defined by the Global Initiative for Asthma as "a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways in which many cells and cellular elements play a role.
Question: What was Jim Foster viewing when he came up with the idea for arena football?
Sentence: He presented the idea to a few friends at the NFL offices, where he received praise and encouragement for his concept.
Question: What was one region included that was occupied by piratical kingdoms?
Sentence: It was occupied by piratical kingdoms of the Barbary Coast, de facto independent since the 18th century.
Question: Who is one of the most famous people to graduate from the large art school of Mexico City?
Sentence: Many of the works produced by the students and faculty of that time are now displayed in the Museo Nacional de San Carlos (National Museum of San Carlos).
Question: Critics don't like the foundations use of media why
Sentence: As part of its education-related initiatives, the foundation has funded journalists, think tanks, lobbying organizations and governments.
Question: What are some of the outlines of life?
Sentence: According to author Michael Carrithers, while there are good reasons to doubt the traditional account, "the outline of the life must be true: birth, maturity, renunciation, search, awakening and liberation, teaching, death."
Question: What football club is Arsenal's greatest rival?
Sentence: In addition, Arsenal and Manchester United developed a strong on-pitch rivalry in the late 1980s, which intensified in recent years when both clubs were competing for the Premier League title – so much so that a 2003 online poll by the Football Fans Census listed Manchester United as Arsenal's biggest rivals, followed by Tottenham and Chelsea.
Question: Who wrote a book about Tito questioning his true origin?
Sentence: In the years after Tito's death up to nowadays, some people have disputed his identity.
Question: What did Paul VI want to keep open with the modern world and people from all walks of life?
Sentence: The Unity of Christianity would be central to his activities.
Question: How many Estonian teams are in the Baltic Basketball League?
Sentence: Six Estonian basketball clubs participates in Baltic Basketball League.
Question: Buddhism is based on the teaching of who?
Sentence: Buddhists believe that this is accomplished through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths.
Question: Who seized the US Embassy in Iran in 1979?
Sentence: On November 4, 1979, a group of students seized the United States Embassy and took the embassy with 52 personnel and citizens hostage, after the United States refused to return Mohammad Reza Pahlavi to Iran to face trial in the court of the new regime.
Question: What incorporates the Western Wall and the Temple Mount?
Sentence: The city of Jerusalem is of special importance to Jews, Muslims and Christians as it is the home of sites that are pivotal to their religious beliefs, such as the Old City that incorporates the Western Wall and the Temple Mount, the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Question: In which five years did England fail to qualify for the UEFA European Championship?
Sentence: England is quite a successful nation at the UEFA European Football Championship, having finished in third place in 1968 and reached the semi-final in 1996.
Question: What group lead the Bengali Renaissance?
Sentence: The Bengali Renaissance refers to a social reform movement during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in the Bengal region of India during the period of British rule dominated by English educated Bengali Hindus.
Question: What year was the O'neill tunnel put in place?
Sentence: The elevated portion of the Central Artery, which carried most of the through traffic in downtown Boston, was replaced with the O'Neill Tunnel during the Big Dig, substantially completed in early 2006.
Question: How many Local Authorities are there in England?
Sentence: Council estates are in the Weston, Thornhill and Townhill Park districts.
Question: How is bacterial metabolism determined?
Sentence: Bacterial metabolism is classified into nutritional groups on the basis of three major criteria: the kind of energy used for growth, the source of carbon, and the electron donors used for growth.
Question: How do the leaders of the Jehovah's Witnesses cultivate a system of unquestioning obedience?
Sentence: Other critics charge that by disparaging individual decision-making, the religion's leaders cultivate a system of unquestioning obedience in which Witnesses abrogate all responsibility and rights over their personal lives.
Question: In what year was the book humanism published?
Sentence: In his book, Humanism (1997), Tony Davies calls these critics "humanist anti-humanists".
Question: How much earlier do people's routines happen because of daylight savings?
Sentence: However, they will have one less hour of daylight at the start of each day, making the policy less practical during winter.
Question: Who was stripped of their commanding rights by China?
Sentence: After that, the leading part of the war became the Chinese army.
Question: What is a cause of severe environmental issues in the Niger Delta?
Sentence: The presence of companies like Shell in the Niger-Delta has led to extreme environmental issues in the Niger Delta.
Question: How many Communists were executed at the Slansky trial?
Sentence: Stalin put pressure on Czechoslovakia to conduct purges in order to discourage the spread of the idea of a "national path to socialism," which Tito espoused.
Question: What idea did Sigmund Freud bring to the table?
Sentence: Freud did not claim that everyone is bisexual in the sense of feeling the same level of sexual attraction to both genders.
Question: Greeks in Istanbul owned how many wholesale companies in 1911?
Sentence: In fact, in many cases, Christians and also Jews were able to gain protection from European consuls and citizenship, meaning they were protected from Ottoman law and not subject to the same economic regulations as their Muslim comrades.
Question: What did the Convulsion caused by the global depression resul in?
Sentence: The Great Depression ended at different times in different countries with the effect lasting into the next era.
Question: Who wrote the book, The Computer and the Brain?
Sentence: The earliest attempts at cybernetics were somewhat crude in that they treated the brain as essentially a digital computer in disguise, as for example in John von Neumann's 1958 book, The Computer and the Brain.
Question: What utility company sponsored a carbon emissions survey in 2006?
Sentence: The plant provides private electricity for the Port of Southampton and hot water to the Southampton District Energy Scheme used by many buildings including the WestQuay shopping centre.
Question: What is a name for an art song?
Sentence: The art song (or Lied) came to maturity in this era, as did the epic scales of grand opera, ultimately transcended by Richard Wagner's Ring cycle.
Question: What is another name for the first self reproducing computer program?
Sentence: He also created the field of cellular automata without the aid of computers, constructing the first self-replicating automata with pencil and graph paper.
Question: How old was the mummified man discovered at the Austrian-Italian bored?
Sentence: By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established.
Question: It was an early backer of what
Sentence: The foundation was the biggest early backer of the Common Core State Standards Initiative.
Question: When was the Juan Manuel Blanes Museum founded?
Sentence: The Museo Municipal Precolombino y Colonial, in the Ciudad Vieja, has preserved collections of the archaeological finds from excavations carried out by Uruguayan archaeologist Antonio Taddei.
Question: How many princes of Dharma were assigned by the Ming court?
Sentence: According to Wang Jiawei and Nyima Gyaincain, leading officials of these organs were all appointed by the central government and were subject to the rule of law.
Question: When are nouns in Czech inflected?
Sentence: Nouns are inflected to indicate their use in a sentence.
Question: What Morrison song pays homage to his New Haven arrest while mentioning the town by name?
Sentence: New Haven was the location of one of Jim Morrison's infamous arrests while he fronted the rock group The Doors.
Question: What is lisle considered to be as a fabric?
Sentence: Cotton lisle is a finely-spun, tightly twisted type of cotton that is noted for being strong and durable.
Question: What is the name of one of the great hospitals in Mexico City?
Sentence: The national public healthcare institution for private-sector employees, IMSS, has its largest facilities in Mexico City—including the National Medical Center and the La Raza Medical Center—and has an annual budget of over 6 billion pesos.
Question: Who made a documentary called "The Bronx is burning"?
Sentence: As the fire was captured on live television, announcer Howard Cosell is wrongly remembered to have said something like, "There it is, ladies and gentlemen: the Bronx is burning".
Question: Who was brought before the Inquisition for heresy but renounced his beliefs and thus remained under house arrest for life?
Sentence: Galileo was found "vehemently suspect of heresy", namely of having held the opinions that the Sun lies motionless at the centre of the universe, that the Earth is not at its centre and moves, and that one may hold and defend an opinion as probable after it has been declared contrary to Holy Scripture.
Question: If a place has annual seasons, what are the growth rings on the trees there called?
Sentence: Where there are clear seasons, growth can occur in a discrete annual or seasonal pattern, leading to growth rings; these can usually be most clearly seen on the end of a log, but are also visible on the other surfaces.
Question: What type of BYU TV network opened in 2000 under Pres. Merrill J. Bateman?
Sentence: A BYU satellite TV network also opened in 2000 under his leadership.
Question: When was the 50th anniversary of BBC news broadcasts?
Sentence: On 5 July 2004, the BBC celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of its television news bulletins (although it had produced the Television Newsreel for several years before 1954).
Question: How did Popper characterize the wide applicability and immunity to criticism of psychoanalytic theory?
Sentence: as the remarkable strengths of psychoanalytical theories were actually their weaknesses.
Question: What gives bipolar transistors their name?
Sentence: This construction produces two p–n junctions: a base–emitter junction and a base–collector junction, separated by a thin region of semiconductor known as the base region (two junction diodes wired together without sharing an intervening semiconducting region will not make a transistor).
Question: How many sections does an insect's body appear to be divided?
Sentence: The word "insect" comes from the Latin word insectum, meaning "with a notched or divided body", or literally "cut into", from the neuter singular perfect passive participle of insectare, "to cut into, to cut up", from in- "into" and secare "to cut"; because insects appear "cut into" three sections.
Question: What is the Swiss private-public managed road network funded by?
Sentence: Swiss private-public managed road network is funded by road tolls and vehicle taxes.
Question: During what period did UNFPA aid Peru's reproductive health program?
Sentence: UNFPA provided aid to Peru's reproductive health program in the mid-to-late '90s.
Question: Who was recorded as using gunpowder in 1304?
Sentence: Crossbows, which had been known in Late Antiquity, increased in use partly because of the increase in siege warfare in the 10th and 11th centuries.[AB]
Question: What team played at Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium in 2011-2013?
Sentence: The Tucson Padres played at Kino Veterans Memorial Stadium from 2011 to 2013.
Question: The Slavs appeared on whose borders around the 6th century?
Sentence: Around the 6th century, Slavs appeared on Byzantine borders in great numbers.[page needed]
Question: In 2000, what percen tof the population were non hispanic and white?
Sentence: In 2006, the US Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority.
Question: Many researchers prefer what term?
Sentence: In 2003, the ICZN ruled in its Opinion 2027 that if wild animals and their domesticated derivatives are regarded as one species, then the scientific name of that species is the scientific name of the wild animal.
Question: What type of producer was Frankie Knuckles?
Sentence: Soul and disco influenced house music, plus mixing and editing techniques earlier explored by disco, garage music and post-disco DJs, producers, and audio engineers such as Walter Gibbons, Tom Moulton, Jim Burgess, Larry Levan, Ron Hardy, M & M, and others who produced longer, more repetitive, and percussive arrangements of existing disco recordings.
Question: What is the Grotto at Notre Dame?
Sentence: It is a replica of the grotto at Lourdes, France where the Virgin Mary reputedly appeared to Saint Bernadette Soubirous in 1858.
Question: What language does the Russian Orthodox Church use?
Sentence: For details, see Russian phonology and History of the Russian language.
Question: What rules state that only women can compete in rhythmic gymastics?
Sentence: According to FIG rules, only women compete in rhythmic gymnastics.
Question: What was the price per square meter of 660 Madison Avenue in June 2007?
Sentence: 450 Park Avenue was sold on July 2, 2007 for US$510 million, about $1,589 per square foot ($17,104/m²), breaking the barely month-old record for an American office building of $1,476 per square foot ($15,887/m²) set in the June 2007 sale of 660 Madison Avenue.
Question: In which video was it the most obvious?
Sentence: In 2003, MTV named her "The Greatest Music Video Star Ever" and said that "Madonna's innovation, creativity and contribution to the music video art form is what won her the award."
Question: What do coral and algae produce together?
Sentence: Coral reefs are the result of mutualisms between coral organisms and various types of algae that live inside them.
Question: When did improvisation begin to lessened strongly?
Sentence: In opera, the practice of singing strictly by the score, i.e. come scritto, was famously propagated by soprano Maria Callas, who called this practice 'straitjacketing' and implied that it allows the intention of the composer to be understood better, especially during studying the music for the first time.
Question: What kind of climate does Punjab have?
Sentence: Despite its tropical wet and dry climate, extensive irrigation makes it a rich agricultural region.
Question: In what year did Napoleon and Czar Alexander first meet?
Sentence: In 1808, Napoleon and Czar Alexander met at the Congress of Erfurt to preserve the Russo-French alliance.
Question: Where are chalets typically used for roof construction found??
Sentence: In the lower areas where the forests are widespread, wooden tiles are traditionally used.
Question: what texts were legislated by the Tanarim and Amoraim?
Sentence: These texts were subsequently developed and applied by later authorities, known as the Gaonim, Rishonim, and Acharonim.
Question: What 13th century explorer saw cotton in Persia?
Sentence: John Chardin, a French traveler of the 17th century who visited the Safavid Persia, spoke approvingly of the vast cotton farms of Persia.
Question: How often do citizens need to get their cars examined?
Sentence: When the levels of these two pollutants reached critical levels, contingency actions were implemented which included closing factories, changing school hours, and extending the A day without a car program to two days of the week.
Question: What atmospheric gas can be determined from fossilized leaf sizes and shapes?
Sentence: Estimates of atmospheric CO2 concentrations since the Palaeozoic have been obtained from stomatal densities and the leaf shapes and sizes of ancient land plants.
Question: What is the Jewish Legion?
Sentence: The Jewish Legion, a group primarily of Zionist volunteers, assisted, in 1918, in the British conquest of Palestine.
Question: How long is a full-time mission for females?
Sentence: In October 2012, the LDS Church announced at its general conference that young men could serve a mission after they turn 18 and have graduated from high school, rather than after age 19 under the old policy.
Question: As of May 2015, how many Liberal Democrats sit in Parliament?
Sentence: As of May 2015, 45 are from the Labour Party, 27 are Conservatives, and one is a Liberal Democrat.
Question: What was amended to provide more office space in downtown?
Sentence: To meet the need for more office space downtown without compromising the city's heritage, the city council amended heritage regulations, which originally restricted height to 15 metres in the area of land on Water Street between Bishop's Cove and Steer's Cove, to create the "Commercial Central Retail – West Zone".
Question: Which Gospel writer provided a version of the virgin birth that was different than Matthew's?
Sentence: While Matthew and Luke give differing versions of the virgin birth, John quotes the uninitiated Philip and the disbelieving Jews gathered at Galilee referring to Joseph as Jesus's father.
Question: How old was Elizabeth's father at the time of his death?
Sentence: Elizabeth has occasionally faced republican sentiments and severe press criticism of the royal family, but support for the monarchy and her personal popularity remain high.
Question: When was a chair created for anthropology at the National Museum of Natural History?
Sentence: Sporadic use of the term for some of the subject matter occurred subsequently, such as the use by Étienne Serres in 1838 to describe the natural history, or paleontology, of man, based on comparative anatomy, and the creation of a chair in anthropology and ethnography in 1850 at the National Museum of Natural History (France) by Jean Louis Armand de Quatrefages de Bréau.
Question: What music comes from those commonly trained by oral tradition?
Sentence: Some composers, like Dvořák and Smetana, have used folk themes to impart a nationalist flavor to their work, while others like Bartók have used specific themes lifted whole from their folk-music origins.
Question: Who criticized President Eisenhower during the 1960 presidential election?
Sentence: In the 1960 presidential election, Democratic candidate and future President John F. Kennedy "criticized President Eisenhower for not ending discrimination in federally supported housing" and "advocated a permanent Fair Employment Practices Commission".:59
Question: When did groups from South Korea, Japan, and others arrive in China?
Sentence: During the weekend, the US sent into China two U.S. Air Force C-17's carrying supplies, which included tents and generators.
Question: How many hospitals does the city have?
Sentence: Destinations include the Avalon Mall, The Village Shopping Centre, Memorial University, Academy Canada, the College of the North Atlantic, the Marine Institute, the Confederation Building, downtown, Stavanger Drive Business Park, Kelsey Drive, Goulds, Kilbride, Shea Heights, the four hospitals in the city as well as other important areas in St. John's and Mount Pearl.
Question: According to some, what was Ibn Sina trying to do regarding his works?
Sentence: His Logic, Metaphysics, Physics, and De Caelo, are treatises giving a synoptic view of Aristotelian doctrine, though Metaphysics demonstrates a significant departure from the brand of Neoplatonism known as Aristotelianism in Ibn Sīnā's world; Arabic philosophers[who?][year needed] have hinted at the idea that Ibn Sīnā was attempting to "re-Aristotelianise" Muslim philosophy in its entirety, unlike his predecessors, who accepted the conflation of Platonic, Aristotelian, Neo- and Middle-Platonic works transmitted into the Muslim world.
Question: What type of soldiers came from Hong Kong?
Sentence: To a small extent, some Vichy French, Indian National Army, and Burmese National Army forces were active in the area of the Pacific War.
Question: How is the recognized official language of Burma displayed ?
Sentence: Burmese, the mother tongue of the Bamar and official language of Myanmar, is related to Tibetan and Chinese language.
Question: Where are the Armor School and the Infantry School both located?
Sentence: Depending on the needs of the army, Basic Combat Training for combat arms soldiers is conducted at a number of locations, but two of the longest-running are the Armor School and the Infantry School, both at Fort Benning, Georgia.
Question: When did James Bennett Pritchard write his textbook?
Sentence: For example, a high point in the use of "Ancient Near East" was for Biblical scholars the Ancient Near Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament by James Bennett Pritchard, a textbook of first edition dated 1950.
Question: What was superfluous
Sentence: As with other counties not ending in "shire," the suffix was superfluous, as there was no need to differentiate between the county and a town within it.
Question: What were the origins of the Paris department store?
Sentence: In the 1840s, with the arrival of the railroads in Paris and the increased number of shoppers they brought, they grew in size, and began to have large plate glass display windows, fixed prices and price tags, and advertising in newspapers.
Question: What Deputy was responsible for the death of Frank Stiwell?
Sentence: :250 Deputy U.S. Marshal Wyatt Earp gathered a few trusted friends and accompanied Virgil Earp and his family as they traveled to Benson for a train ride to California.
Question: What is the only state to not enact reception statutes?
Sentence: Some reception statutes impose a specific cutoff date for reception, such as the date of a colony's founding, while others are deliberately vague.
Question: what was the prototype of ghetto house?
Sentence: Another U.S. hit which received radio play was the single "Time for the Perculator" by Cajmere, which became the prototype of ghetto house subgenre.
Question: Where did the French attack in 1762?
Sentence: In 1762, towards the end of the war, French forces attacked St. John's, Newfoundland.
Question: What makes up Indigenous education?
Sentence: Furthermore, it can enable indigenous communities to "reclaim and revalue their languages and cultures, and in so doing, improve the educational success of indigenous students."
Question: What is the official language of Estonia?
Sentence: It belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic language family.
Question: How old was Tikhonov when he stopped being Chairman?
Sentence: On September 27, Nikolai Ryzhkov replaced 79-year-old Nikolai Tikhonov as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, effectively the Soviet prime minister, and on October 14, Nikolai Talyzin replaced Nikolai Baibakov as chairman of the State Planning Committee (GOSPLAN).
Question: How many distinct rounds of genome duplication events are suspected in the evolution of seed plants?
Sentence: Another possible whole genome duplication event at 160 million years ago perhaps created the ancestral line that led to all modern flowering plants.
Question: The first third of what was translated at the abbey?
Sentence: The New English Bible was also put together here in the 20th century.