xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What is an opt-in class action?
Sentence: U.S. courts pioneered the concept of the opt-out class action, by which the burden falls on class members to notify the court that they do not wish to be bound by the judgment, as opposed to opt-in class actions, where class members must join into the class.
Question: What was the Secretariat for non-believers eventually renamed?
Sentence: In 1964, Paul VI created a Secretariat for non-Christians, later renamed the Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue and a year later a new Secretariat (later Pontifical Council) for Dialogue with Non-Believers.
Question: St. Barts is one of the what group of islands?
Sentence: It is one of the Renaissance Islands.
Question: What were non-Muslim groups under the Umayyads called?
Sentence: Muslim groups in the Umayyad Caliphate, which included Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians, and pagan Berbers, were called dhimmis.
Question: Who was forced into confinement in mellahs?
Sentence: Notable exceptions include the massacre of Jews and forcible conversion of some Jews by the rulers of the Almohad dynasty in Al-Andalus in the 12th century, as well as in Islamic Persia, and the forced confinement of Moroccan Jews to walled quarters known as mellahs beginning from the 15th century and especially in the early 19th century.
Question: What happens with an illegal pinning move when it is seen by a referee?
Sentence: Even if it is noticed, it is rare for such an attempt to result in a disqualification (see below), and instead it simply results in nullification of the pin attempt, so the heel wrestler rarely has anything to lose for trying it, anyway.
Question: What radio station format have many of the former soft AC artists moved to?
Sentence: The soft AC format may soon be facing the demographic pressures that the jazz and big band formats faced in the 1960s and 1970s and that the oldies format is starting to face today, with the result that one may hear soft AC less on over-the-air radio and more on satellite radio systems in coming years.
Question: Who made up the crew of the Soyuz 11?
Sentence: The crew was not wearing pressure suits and had no chance of survival once the leak occurred.
Question: By 2002, what percent of African Americans had multiracial ancestries?
Sentence: By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s.
Question: When was the Thomas More Law center established?
Sentence: The first major meetings of the national left-wing campus group Students for a Democratic Society took place in Ann Arbor in 1960; in 1965, the city was home to the first U.S. teach-in against the Vietnam War.
Question: For what index does Guinea-Bissau rank as one of the lowest on earth?
Sentence: More than two-thirds of the population lives below the poverty line.
Question: What is the wavelength of light to which human eyes are most sensitive?
Sentence: For example, green light with a wavelength of 555 nanometres (the approximate wavelength to which human eyes are most sensitive) has a frequency of 7014540000000000000♠540 THz (7014540000000000000♠540×1012 Hz).
Question: What does the tragic octoroon point out?
Sentence: The figure of the "tragic octoroon" was a stock character of abolitionist literature: a mixed-race woman raised as if a white woman in her white father's household, until his bankruptcy or death has her reduced to a menial position She may even be unaware of her status before being reduced to victimization.
Question: Bath school of pharmacy founded in
Sentence: The University of Bath gained its Royal Charter in 1966, although its origins go back to the Bristol Trade School (founded 1856) and Bath School of Pharmacy (founded 1907).
Question: Which government agency received the news that the Soviet-German Pact had existed?
Sentence: In December 1989, the commission concluded that the protocol had existed and revealed its findings to the Congress of People's Deputies of the Soviet Union.
Question: What is the name of the first South Asian a capella group to accept both men and women?
Sentence: The first co-ed south Asian a cappella was Anokha, from the University of Maryland, formed in 2001.
Question: When did the First Macedonian War end?
Sentence: The First Macedonian War broke out in 212 BC, and ended inconclusively in 205 BC.
Question: Odd-numbered streets are one-way in which direction?
Sentence: Most wider streets carry two-way traffic, as do a few of the narrow ones.
Question: Of what order is the breakdown field strength for mica dielectric capacitors?
Sentence: For air dielectric capacitors the breakdown field strength is of the order 2 to 5 MV/m; for mica the breakdown is 100 to 300 MV/m; for oil, 15 to 25 MV/m; it can be much less when other materials are used for the dielectric.
Question: How did the invading British army do at St. Malo?
Sentence: The army landed on 5 June 1758 at Cancalle Bay, proceeded to St. Malo, and, finding that it would take prolonged siege to capture it, instead attacked the nearby port of St. Servan.
Question: How did Publius fare in his battle?
Sentence: He was defeated, and on being bidden by the senate to appoint a dictator, he appointed his messenger Glycias, as if again making a jest of his country's peril."
Question: Which type of cells in the brain are generated throughout your lifetime?
Sentence: In humans and many other mammals, new neurons are created mainly before birth, and the infant brain contains substantially more neurons than the adult brain.
Question: What was Foster's job title with the Chicago Blitz?
Sentence: He eventually became executive vice-president with the Chicago Blitz, where he returned to his concept of arena football.
Question: What cultures architecture inspired Islamic architecture to use pointed arch's?
Sentence: The widespread application of the pointed arch was to influence European architecture of the Medieval period.
Question: How many African Americans lived in Charleston in 1860?
Sentence: In Charleston, the African American population increased as freedmen moved from rural areas to the major city: from 17,000 in 1860 to over 27,000 in 1880.
Question: What word means that bacteria won't grow on a substrate?
Sentence: For this reason it has long been used to line parts of ships to protect against barnacles and mussels.
Question: What does the american culture put a large emphasis on?
Sentence: American culture puts a great emphasis on individual attributes, and views the self as unchangeable and constant.
Question: What were the 18th and 19th satellites for the BeiDou system launched with?
Sentence: On July 25, 2015, the 18th and 19th satellites were successfully launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center, marking the first time for China to launch two satellites at once on top of a Long March 3B/Expedition-1 carrier rocket.
Question: What ultimately convinced Hitler that Raeder was right?
Sentence: Eventually, he convinced Hitler of the need to attack British port facilities.
Question: How many different major dialects of Dutch are there?
Sentence: The Netherlands and Belgium produce the vast majority of music, films, books and other media written or spoken in Dutch.
Question: What was the dynasty that ruled before the Manchu?
Sentence: It was preceded by the Ming dynasty and succeeded by the Republic of China.
Question: Who is the Executive Director of the Baptist Joint Committee?
Sentence: J. Brent Walker, Executive Director of the Baptist Joint Committee, responded to Hamburger's claims noting; "The fact that the separation of church and state has been supported by some who exhibited an anti-Catholic animus or a secularist bent does not impugn the validity of the principle.
Question: What was the group called that owed labour duty to the princes?
Sentence: More important was a class of tribute-paying peasants, who owed labour duty to the princes.
Question: What are two examples of independent Portuguese unilateral military operations conducted abroad?
Sentence: Portugal also conducted several independent unilateral military operations abroad, as were the cases of the interventions of the Portuguese Armed Forces in Angola in 1992 and in Guinea-Bissau in 1998 with the main objectives of protecting and withdrawing of Portuguese and foreign citizens threatened by local civil conflicts.
Question: What was one of Albert the Great's biggest contributions during the medieval period?
Sentence: Magnus' writings made a significant contribution to German mysticism, which became vibrant in the minds of the Beguines and women such as Hildegard of Bingen and Mechthild of Magdeburg.
Question: Who is sometimes considered the first funcioning "Minority Leader?"
Sentence: To a large extent, the minority leader's position is a 20th-century innovation.
Question: What part of wood's cells are composed of cellulose and hemicellulose?
Sentence: Wood is a heterogeneous, hygroscopic, cellular and anisotropic material.
Question: Who was said to have given money to the Dalai Lama?
Sentence: A call to boycott French hypermart Carrefour from May 1 began spreading through mobile text messaging and online chat rooms amongst the Chinese over the weekend from April 12, accusing the company's major shareholder, the LVMH Group, of donating funds to the Dalai Lama.
Question: What was Eisenhower's job title during the first year his brother went to college?
Sentence: Edgar took the first turn at school, and Dwight was employed as a night supervisor at the Belle Springs Creamery.
Question: What may have also been in use at the time?
Sentence: Good candidates are the hypothethical ancestor languages of Alanian/Scytho-Sarmatian subgroup of Scythian in the far northwest; and the hypothetical "Old Parthian" (the Old Iranian ancestor of Parthian) in the near northwest, where original
Question: Who did the NEC expel
Sentence: They were now firmly re-established as the second political party in Britain as the Alliance had once again failed to make a breakthrough with seats.
Question: Who lead the rebellion against the 1211 settlement?
Sentence: John's strategy was to isolate the rebel barons in London, protect his own supply lines to his key source of mercenaries in Flanders, prevent the French from landing in the south-east, and then win the war through slow attrition.
Question: What attribute of the United States could be thought to lead more international and less domestic employment opportunities?
Sentence: Further, the salaries attributed to this product were overwhelmingly distributed to highly skilled U.S. professionals, as opposed to lower skilled U.S. retail employees or overseas manufacturing labor.
Question: Where is Russian an official language?
Sentence: is an East Slavic language and an official language in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and many minor or unrecognised territories.
Question: After giving up their position at Poti and Redut Kale, where did the Russians retreat to?
Sentence: The Russians now decided to advance, the Turks took up a strong position on the Kars road and attacked.
Question: What woman wrote a biography of Queen Victoria in 1964?
Sentence: The biographies written by Elizabeth Longford and Cecil Woodham-Smith, in 1964 and 1972 respectively, are still widely admired.
Question: Which library was built at Notre Dame in 1963?
Sentence: Many academic building were added together with a system of libraries, the most prominent of which is the Theodore Hesburgh Library, built in 1963 and today containing almost 4 million books.
Question: What famous English artist was Kanye compared to by The Guardian?
Sentence: Village Voice Media senior editor Ben Westhoff dubbed him the greatest hip hop artist of all time, writing that "he's made the best albums and changed the game the most, and his music is the most likely to endure," while Complex called him the 21st century's "most important artist of any art form, of any genre."
Question: Which type of self-esteem fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety?
Sentence: Barometric self-esteem" fluctuates rapidly and can cause severe distress and anxiety, but baseline self-esteem remains highly stable across adolescence.
Question: Who created the office of Minister of Defence?
Sentence: The post was held by the Prime Minister of the day until Clement Attlee's government introduced the Ministry of Defence Act of 1946.
Question: What was the main Filipino Islamist group being attacked?
Sentence: The operations were mainly focused on removing the Abu Sayyaf group and Jemaah Islamiyah (JI) from their stronghold on the island of Basilan.
Question: Who created the idea of the differential analyzer in 1876?
Sentence: The first modern analog computer was a tide-predicting machine, invented by Sir William Thomson in 1872.
Question: Why are some foreign characters rarely used?
Sentence: This increased the Unicode codespace to over a million code points, which allowed for the encoding of many historic scripts (e.g., Egyptian Hieroglyphs) and thousands of rarely used or obsolete characters that had not been anticipated as needing encoding.
Question: What do vaccines need to work?
Sentence: Vaccines rely on immune modulation or augmentation.
Question: What USAF tech school has 31 days of training?
Sentence: Officer technical training conducted by Second Air Force can also vary by AFSC, while flight training for aeronautically-rated officers conducted by AETC's Nineteenth Air Force can last well in excess of one year.
Question: Napoleon's decision to reinstate what practice in France's overseas colonies has caused controversy regarding his reputation?
Sentence: His critics charge that he was not significantly troubled when faced with the prospect of war and death for thousands, turned his search for undisputed rule into a series of conflicts throughout Europe and ignored treaties and conventions alike.
Question: Who resigned in protest against Philip?
Sentence: Philip ordered the Cortes to meet with the Viceroy of Valencia, Cardinal Luis de Belluga, who opposed the change of capital because of the proximity of Orihuela, a religious, cultural and now political centre, to Murcia (capital of another viceroyalty and his diocese).
Question: Who was Eli Lilly's work based off of?
Sentence: The aftermath of World War II saw an explosion in the discovery of new classes of antibacterial drugs including the cephalosporins (developed by Eli Lilly based on the seminal work of Giuseppe Brotzu and Edward Abraham), streptomycin (discovered during a Merck-funded research program in Selman Waksman's laboratory), the tetracyclines (discovered at Lederle Laboratories, now a part of Pfizer), erythromycin (discovered at Eli Lilly and Co.) and their extension to an increasingly wide range of bacterial pathogens.
Question: Which treaty was Australia's first military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth?
Sentence: The Menzies Government entered Australia's first formal military alliance outside of the British Commonwealth with the signing of the ANZUS Treaty between Australia, New Zealand and the United States in San Francisco in 1951.
Question: What is the study of algae called?
Sentence: Other groups of organisms that were previously studied by botanists include bacteria (now studied in bacteriology), fungi (mycology) – including lichen-forming fungi (lichenology), non-chlorophyte algae (phycology), and viruses (virology).
Question: What illness is possibly tied to the use of depleted uranium munitions?
Sentence: The use of depleted uranium became politically and environmentally contentious after the use of such munitions by the US, UK and other countries during wars in the Persian Gulf and the Balkans raised questions concerning uranium compounds left in the soil (see Gulf War Syndrome).
Question: Who developed the first encephalitis vaccine?
Sentence: Hilleman would later move to Merck where he would play a key role in the development of vaccines against measles, mumps, chickenpox, rubella, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and meningitis.
Question: Who wrote the comedy sketch for the cast and crew?
Sentence: On 13 March 2015, several members of the cast and crew, including Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes, as well as previous James Bond actor, Sir Roger Moore, appeared in a sketch written by David Walliams and the Dawson Brothers for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on BBC One.
Question: From South Florida, where will All Aboard Florida stretch to?
Sentence: By 2014, a private project known as All Aboard Florida by a company of the historic Florida East Coast Railway began construction of a higher-speed rail line in South Florida that is planned to eventually terminate at Orlando International Airport.
Question: How about many Spanish speakers are there in the state?
Sentence: There were about 13,040 Spanish-language speakers in the state (1.4 percent of the population) in 2011.
Question: Where are both newspapers available?
Sentence: The Sentinel newspaper was introduced in 2012.
Question: Until 1965 what were the Houston Astros called?
Sentence: The Houston Rockets are a National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise based in the city since 1971.
Question: What isn't uncommon in lucha libre?
Sentence: If a tag was made, the other team had to automatically switch their legal wrestler as well.
Question: How many years did it take for Project DIANE to grow?
Sentence: While videoconferencing technology was initially used primarily within internal corporate communication networks, one of the first community service usages of the technology started in 1992 through a unique partnership with PictureTel and IBM Corporations which at the time were promoting a jointly developed desktop based videoconferencing product known as the PCS/1.
Question: What series on this network was given a Marvel graphic novel?
Sentence: With Disney, Marvel announced in October 2013 that in January 2014 it would release its first title under their joint "Disney Kingdoms" imprint "Seekers of the Weird", a five-issue miniseries.
Question: How many funds did not reach their intended recipients who needed medical attention?
Sentence: Corruption is often most evident in countries with the smallest per capita incomes, relying on foreign aid for health services.
Question: What long time careers were Sperrle and Jeschonnek involved in?
Sentence: These men were long-time professional airmen involved in German air services since early in their careers.
Question: How many overall viewers did the first show of the season generate?
Sentence: The premiere drew a massive audience of 37.3 million viewers, peaking in the last half hour with more than 41 million viewers.
Question: What are the notes issued by the Federal Reserve?
Sentence: Federal Reserve Notes are designated by law as "legal tender" for the payment of debts.
Question: What country did the King and Queen visit in July 1944?
Sentence: At a social function in 1944, Chief of the Imperial General Staff Sir Alan Brooke, revealed that every time he met Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery he thought he was after his job.
Question: What did this theological study do to set itself apart from the other groups ?
Sentence: All the same, the historical and authentic tradition of Mariology in Byzantium took its historical point of departure from Sophronios, Damascene, and their imitators.
Question: Who was the author of Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds (1686)?
Sentence: The first significant work that expressed scientific theory and knowledge expressly for the laity, in the vernacular, and with the entertainment of readers in mind, was Bernard de Fontenelle's Conversations on the Plurality of Worlds (1686).
Question: How much had been invested in the new printing locations?
Sentence: In January 2008 the Wapping presses printed The Sun for the last time and London printing was transferred to Waltham Cross in the Borough of Broxbourne in Hertfordshire, where News International had built what is claimed to be the largest printing centre in Europe with 12 presses.
Question: Of the 3.5 miles from N. Mountain Avenue to Rillito River Park, how many are bike-only?
Sentence: To the east of the University of Arizona, Third Street is bike-only except for local traffic and passes by the historic homes of the Sam Hughes neighborhood.
Question: When did the Act of "Nihil novi nisi commune consensu" happen?
Sentence: This date commonly marks the beginning of the First Rzeczpospolita, the period of a szlachta-run "Commonwealth".
Question: What illness caused the death of Pope John XXIII
Sentence: Unlike the papabile cardinals Giacomo Lercaro of Bologna and Giuseppe Siri of Genoa, he was not identified with either the left or right, nor was he seen as a radical reformer.
Question: Which plane is considered quintessentially Alaskan?
Sentence: The world's busiest seaplane base is Lake Hood, located next to Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, where flights bound for remote villages without an airstrip carry passengers, cargo, and many items from stores and warehouse clubs.
Question: Who did Christoph Waltz portray in Spectre?
Sentence: In a separate interview with Danish website Euroman, Jesper Christensen revealed he would be reprising his role as Mr. White from Casino Royale and Quantum of Solace.
Question: What had nearly been considered indiscriminate bombing?
Sentence: Nevertheless, its official opposition to attacks on civilians became an increasingly moot point when large-scale raids were conducted in November and December 1940.
Question: What was the military rank of Salaad Gabeyre Kediye?
Sentence: Alongside Barre, the Supreme Revolutionary Council (SRC) that assumed power after President Sharmarke's assassination was led by Lieutenant Colonel Salaad Gabeyre Kediye and Chief of Police Jama Korshel.
Question: Aging adult's ability to recognize pain may be blunted by what?
Sentence: Their ability to recognize pain may be blunted by illness or the use of multiple prescription drugs.
Question: When was Chosrje Shākya Yeshes sent to Nanjing?
Sentence: This first request by the Ming was made in 1407, but the Ming court sent another embassy in 1413, this one led by the eunuch Hou Xian (候顯; fl. 1403–1427), which was again refused by Tsongkhapa.
Question: What year did "Jack Your Body" hit #1 in the UK?
Sentence: In January 1987, Chicago artist Steve "Silk" Hurley's "Jack Your Body" reached number one in the UK, showing it was possible for house music to cross over.
Question: Alive version of Somebody to Love featured what artist?
Sentence: By this point, Queen's vast amount of record sales made them the second best selling artist in the UK of all time, behind the Beatles.
Question: What Arabic word describes the aspects of Quranic verses that Sufism tries to push beyond?
Sentence: Esoteric or Sufi interpretation attempts to unveil the inner meanings of the Quran.
Question: What might a tribunal or an arbiter be asked to determine regarding a breach of a treaty?
Sentence: Sometimes treaties will provide for the seriousness of a breach to be determined by a tribunal or other independent arbiter.
Question: At the start of the Franco-Prussian War, what was the age of the Dreyse gun's design?
Sentence: The army was still equipped with the Dreyse needle gun of Battle of Königgrätz fame, which was by this time showing the age of its 25-year-old design.
Question: Why are specific seasons for bow hunting established?
Sentence: Specific seasons for bow hunting or muzzle-loading black-powder guns are often established to limit competition with hunters using more effective weapons.
Question: What example of cyclic group satisfies the express of zn = 1?
Sentence: In the groups Z/nZ introduced above, the element 1 is primitive, so these groups are cyclic.
Question: What side is a phonetic indicator located on?
Sentence: The right-hand side in each case is a phonetic indicator.
Question: When did Macmillan resign?
Sentence: In a magazine, which he owned and edited, Lord Altrincham accused her of being "out of touch".
Question: Where did the relay end in Malaysia?
Sentence: The last time an Olympic torch relay was held in Malaysia was the 1964 Tokyo edition.