xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What industry was monopolized by the government in 98 BC?
Sentence: Liquor was another profitable private industry nationalized by the central government in 98 BC.
Question: What happens with contracts to aid corruption?
Sentence: In construction and shelter there are numerous opportunities for diversion and profit through substandard workmanship, kickbacks for contracts and favouritism in the provision of valuable shelter material.
Question: When were the problems of the earth and heredity resolved?
Sentence: The problems of the age of the Earth and heredity were only resolved in the 20th century.
Question: Who designed the Albert Memorial in London?
Sentence: The Houses of Parliament in London by Sir Charles Barry with interiors by a major exponent of the early Gothic Revival, Augustus Welby Pugin, is an example of the Gothic revival style from its earlier period in the second quarter of the 19th century.
Question: Why is internal digection better than external?
Sentence: Animals have a tube (gastrointestinal tract) in which internal digestion occurs, which is more efficient because more of the broken down products can be captured, and the internal chemical environment can be more efficiently controlled.
Question: What medium has added to the fan base of Arsenal?
Sentence: Consequently, Arsenal have a significant number of fans from beyond London and all over the world; in 2007, 24 UK, 37 Irish and 49 other overseas supporters clubs were affiliated with the club.
Question: What group from the munitions plant in Woolwich formed the Arsenal club?
Sentence: Arsenal Football Club was formed as Dial Square in 1886 by workers at the Royal Arsenal in Woolwich, south-east London, and were renamed Royal Arsenal shortly afterwards.
Question: How is XML used in enterprise database management?
Sentence: XML database management systems include commercial software MarkLogic and Oracle Berkeley DB XML, and a free use software Clusterpoint Distributed XML/JSON Database.
Question: The church of Santa Costanza is in what country?
Sentence: In Rome, Nero and his architects used mosaics to cover some surfaces of walls and ceilings in the Domus Aurea, built 64 AD, and wall mosaics are also found at Pompeii and neighbouring sites.
Question: What was Liberia's ranking compared to the other 176 countries?
Sentence: This gave it a ranking 87th of 178 countries worldwide and 11th of 47 in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Question: What building is home to Jiangsu Sainty?
Sentence: Jiangsu Sainty, the football club currently staying in Chinese Super League, is a long-term tenant of Nanjing Olympic Sports Center.
Question: WHen was District de la region parisienne reorganised?
Sentence: Aside from the 20th century addition of the Bois de Boulogne, Bois de Vincennes and Paris heliport, Paris' administrative limits have remained unchanged since 1860.
Question: How long does winter last?
Sentence: The state has areas like Dharamsala that receive very heavy rainfall, as well as those like Lahaul and Spiti that are cold and almost rainless.
Question: what is the word for hate or aversion?
Sentence: In Early Buddhism, bodhi carried a meaning synonymous to nirvana, using only some different metaphors to describe the experience, which implies the extinction of raga (greed, craving),[web 12] dosa (hate, aversion)[web 13] and moha (delusion).[web 14]
Question: How many people attended the University of Kansas at its Edwards and Lawrence locations in the fall semester of 2014?
Sentence: The university overall employed 2,663 faculty members in fall 2012.
Question: Who wrote about Chopin's "chromatic embroidery"?
Sentence: virtually nobody but Chopin himself can play this music and give it this unusual turn".
Question: Why were three large portal used in the construction of the Roman Arch of Constantine?
Sentence: He designed the façade of Saint-Denis to be an echo of the Roman Arch of Constantine with its three-part division and three large portals to ease the problem of congestion.
Question: What seed is cultivated in Tibet?
Sentence: Mustard seed is cultivated in Tibet, and therefore features heavily in its cuisine.
Question: Which journalist criticized the Wii version for its controls?
Sentence: Regarding the Wii version, GameSpot's Jeff Gerstmann said the Wii controls felt "tacked-on", although 1UP.com said the remote-swinging sword attacks were "the most impressive in the entire series".
Question: What exactly does short-term memory allow a person to do?
Sentence: This method of remembering telephone numbers is far more effective than attempting to remember a string of 10 digits; this is because we are able to chunk the information into meaningful groups of numbers.
Question: Along with the Six Ages, what other scheme did writers in the Middle Ages use to divide history?
Sentence: Medieval writers divided history into periods such as the "Six Ages" or the "Four Empires", and considered their time to be the last before the end of the world.
Question: When did the Portuguese first set up trading posts in Guinea-Bissau?
Sentence: The Portuguese in Guinea were largely restricted to the port of Bissau and Cacheu.
Question: Homeostasis is like what household tool?
Sentence: (This principle is widely used in engineering, for example in the control of temperature using a thermostat.)
Question: How many people were killed in the Cairo riots?
Sentence: Afterwards, Nasser published a simple six-point program in Rose al-Yūsuf to dismantle feudalism and British influence in Egypt.
Question: What was The Sun's stance toward the EU?
Sentence: The paper showed hostility to the EU and approval of public spending cuts, tax cuts, and promotion of right-wing ministers to the cabinet, with leaders such as "More of the Redwood, not Deadwood".
Question: What are probably the earliest texts describing meditation techniques?
Sentence: The Buddhist texts are probably the earliest describing meditation techniques.
Question: "Rudi", "Walter" and "Tito" are names that what person assumed?
Sentence: Broz himself explains:
Question: How many students currently attend BYU on-campus?
Sentence: It is owned and operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and, excluding online students, is the largest of any religious university and the third largest private university in the United States, with 29,672 on-campus students.
Question: How much did the size of the Roman army increase in the 3rd century?
Sentence: Military expenses increased steadily during the 3rd century, mainly in response to the war with Sassanid Persia, which revived in the middle of the 3rd century.
Question: What types of advanced books did some Japanese women read?
Sentence: As the Tokugawa period progressed more value became placed on education, and the education of females beginning at a young age became important to families and society as a whole.
Question: Beyonce has a clothing line known as what?
Sentence: A statement released from a spokesperson for the magazine said that Beyoncé's look was "far from the glamorous Sasha Fierce" and that it was "a return to her African roots".
Question: Which microphone hold the most importance in 3 microphone recording?
Sentence: The center (single) microphone was of paramount importance, with the two side mics adding depth and space.
Question: How many women are members of the Sweet Adelines?
Sentence: The membership of nearly 25,000 women, all singing in English, includes choruses in most of the fifty United States as well as in Australia, Canada, England, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Scotland, Sweden, Wales and the Netherlands.
Question: The Iranian Parliament does not demand environmental impact studies before approving what projects?
Sentence: At least 74 species of Iranian wildlife are on the red list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature, a sign of serious threats against the country’s biodiversity.
Question: What sampling rate is used for CD audio?
Sentence: The rate of 128 kbit/s is commonly used, at a compression ratio of 11:1, offering adequate audio quality in a relatively small space.
Question: How long did the anti-Nazi propaganda machine run before the pact-signing?
Sentence: For its part, Nazi Germany also did a public volte-face regarding its virulent opposition to the Soviet Union, though Hitler still viewed an attack on the Soviet Union as "inevitable".[citation needed]
Question: What division of the University of Kansas contributed to the development of the internet?
Sentence: KU's academic computing department was an active participant in setting up the Internet and is the developer of the early Lynx text based web browser.
Question: Who sent the master mosaicist to Spain?
Sentence: They were made between 965 and 970 by local craftsmen, supervised by a master mosaicist from Constantinople, who was sent by the Byzantine Emperor to the Umayyad Caliph of Spain.
Question: When was the Antebellum age considered to have begun?
Sentence: The Antebellum Period is often considered to have begun with the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854,[citation needed] although it may have begun as early as 1812.
Question: Repeatedly closing off a compartment of a vacuum allows what?
Sentence: To continue evacuating a chamber indefinitely without requiring infinite growth, a compartment of the vacuum can be repeatedly closed off, exhausted, and expanded again.
Question: What group of the periodic table is copper in?
Sentence: Copper, silver and gold are in group 11 of the periodic table, and they share certain attributes: they have one s-orbital electron on top of a filled d-electron shell and are characterized by high ductility and electrical conductivity.
Question: What became a best-seller comic in the French language?
Sentence: In the 1960s, the term bandes dessinées ("drawn strips") came into wide use in French to denote the medium.
Question: How high can the seismic magnitude be of a glacial earthquake?
Sentence: These are large scale temblors that have seismic magnitudes as high as 6.1.
Question: On what date did the largest mass execution in American history take place?
Sentence: The second-largest mass execution was also a hanging: the execution of 13 African-American soldiers for taking part in the Houston Riot of 1917.
Question: In what room did von Neumann often write at home?
Sentence: Additionally, "[I]n the general case, von Neumann proved the following basic representation theorem.
Question: When was Jonas Bronck born?
Sentence: The American poet William Bronk was a descendant of Pieter Bronck, either Jonas Bronck's son or his younger brother.
Question: When did the Coastal Road Massacre occur?
Sentence: On 11 March 1978, a PLO guerilla raid from Lebanon led to the Coastal Road Massacre.
Question: Which philosopher argued that atheists could indeed be moral men?
Sentence: Many others like Voltaire held that without belief in a God who punishes evil, the moral order of society was undermined.
Question: Where does the Rhine originate?
Sentence: Other rivers such as the Danube have major tributaries flowing into them that originate in the Alps.
Question: What did Emperor Wu sell that offended the merchants?
Sentence: Apart from Emperor Ming's creation of a short-lived Office for Price Adjustment and Stabilization, which was abolished in 68 AD, central-government price control regulations were largely absent during the Eastern Han.
Question: What are Oklahoma's Native American ballerinas called?
Sentence: The state has a rich history in ballet with five Native American ballerinas attaining worldwide fame.
Question: Whose art is displayed at the large cathedral in Mexico City?
Sentence: The Metropolitan Cathedral still displays works by Juan de Rojas, Juan Correa and an oil painting whose authorship has been attributed to Murillo.
Question: What is the main lanuage of Bern?
Sentence: There are 171 people who speak Romansh.
Question: What fundamental cause started the war in 1914?
Sentence: Although it has been argued that they were resolved in 1914 before the war began, it has also been argued that the railroad was a cause of the First World War.
Question: Where is the Ivanpah Solar Power Facility located?
Sentence: The 370 MW Ivanpah Solar Power Facility, located in California's Mojave Desert, is the world's largest solar-thermal power plant project currently under construction.
Question: What is the slide rule used for?
Sentence: It is a hand-operated analog computer for doing multiplication and division.
Question: In what year did the central government issue coins?
Sentence: To pay for its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han period.
Question: What was measured in the early 20th century?
Sentence: In 1907, Stephen M. Babcock and Edwin B. Hart conducted the single-grain experiment, which took nearly four years to complete.
Question: What belief system taught the idea of samsara?
Sentence: Shramana gave rise to the concept of the cycle of birth and death, the concept of samsara, and the concept of liberation.
Question: Who said the term 'intellectual property' should be rejected altogether?
Sentence: Free Software Foundation founder Richard Stallman argues that, although the term intellectual property is in wide use, it should be rejected altogether, because it "systematically distorts and confuses these issues, and its use was and is promoted by those who gain from this confusion".
Question: When did Canada finally cease to use the traditional ceremony for granting assent as regular practice?
Sentence: In Canada, the traditional ceremony for granting assent in parliament was regularly used until the 21st century, long after it had been discontinued in the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms.
Question: What are the causes of secretory diarrhea?
Sentence: Secretory diarrhea means that there is an increase in the active secretion, or there is an inhibition of absorption.
Question: What do steps in move theater aisles have for safety markings?
Sentence: In a movie theater, steps in the aisles are usually marked with a row of small lights for convenience and safety, when the film has started and the other lights are off.
Question: Name 2 rail companies that use the city as a hub?
Sentence: The two systems today, for the most part still intact but now connected, operate as a single system under the control of the SEPTA, the regional transit authority.
Question: What is the name of a popular arcade located within the Hoddle Grid?
Sentence: The city centre has a reputation for its historic and prominent lanes and arcades (most notably Block Place and Royal Arcade) which contain a variety of shops and cafés and are a byproduct of the city's layout.
Question: What does the acronym CFL refer to?
Sentence: Some jurisdictions, such as the European Union, China, Canada and United States, are in the process of phasing out the use of incandescent light bulbs while others, including Colombia, Mexico, Cuba, Argentina, Brazil and Australia, have prohibited them already.
Question: What is the percentage of people who use videoconferencing a majority of the time?
Sentence: The technology is also used for telecommuting, in which employees work from home.
Question: What is Mary proclaimed to be in the Orthodox tradition?
Sentence: She is also proclaimed as the "Lady of the Angels".
Question: Who replaced universities as centres of scientific research and development during the Enlightenment?
Sentence: Some historians have marked the 18th century as a drab period in the history of science; however, the century saw significant advancements in the practice of medicine, mathematics, and physics; the development of biological taxonomy; a new understanding of magnetism and electricity; and the maturation of chemistry as a discipline, which established the foundations of modern chemistry.
Question: What did System R work on to change the way data was stored?
Sentence: IBM started working on a prototype system loosely based on Codd's concepts as System R in the early 1970s.
Question: Why are a heteromorphic flower's carpels and stamens different lengths?
Sentence: Heteromorphic flowers have short carpels and long stamens, or vice versa, so animal pollinators cannot easily transfer pollen to the pistil (receptive part of the carpel).
Question: What percentage of the population is native
Sentence: Somerset has a high indigenous British population, with 98.8% registering as white British and 92.4% of these as born in the United Kingdom.
Question: What is the dominate one in a chimpanzee group?
Sentence: So great is the contrast with human hunter-gatherers that it is widely argued by palaeoanthropologists that resistance to being dominated was a key factor driving the evolutionary emergence of human consciousness, language, kinship and social organization.
Question: What car manufacturer hired Petra Haden to perform a capella songs in commercials for their car?
Sentence: Petra Haden used a four-track recorder to produce an a cappella version of The Who Sell Out including the instruments and fake advertisements on her album Petra Haden Sings:
Question: What adds to the confusion of the number of nails used?
Sentence: These variations are also present in the artistic depictions of the crucifixion.
Question: How many aircraft can supercarriers carry?
Sentence: Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry dozens of aircraft, including fighter jets and helicopters.
Question: What was the name of the conflict between Somalia and the Soviet Union, Cuba and Ethiopia?
Sentence: Somali people in the Horn of Africa are divided among different countries (Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia, and northeastern Kenya) that were artificially and some might say arbitrarily partitioned by the former imperial powers.
Question: When was the thermionic triode invented?
Sentence: The thermionic triode, a vacuum tube invented in 1907, enabled amplified radio technology and long-distance telephony.
Question: What was the biggest drawback to the flush deck configuration?
Sentence: The flush deck configuration proved to have significant drawbacks, primary of which was management of the exhaust from the power plant.
Question: Which Gospel provides an identical account of the Virgin Birth as Sura 19 in the Qur'an?
Sentence: The account given in Sura 19 is nearly identical with that in the Gospel according to Luke, and both of these (Luke, Sura 19) begin with an account of the visitation of an angel upon Zakariya (Zecharias) and Good News of the birth of Yahya (John), followed by the account of the annunciation.
Question: What was an early took used to amplify sounds?
Sentence: Distant or less strong sounds that were impossible to record by the old methods could now be captured.
Question: What classification are given?
Sentence: The U.S. census race definitions says a "black" is a person having origins in any of the black (sub-Saharan) racial groups of Africa.
Question: How many seats does the Fisher Theater have?
Sentence: Major theaters in Detroit include the Fox Theatre (5,174 seats), Music Hall (1,770 seats), the Gem Theatre (451 seats), Masonic Temple Theatre (4,404 seats), the Detroit Opera House (2,765 seats), the Fisher Theatre (2,089 seats), The Fillmore Detroit (2,200 seats), Saint Andrew's Hall, the Majestic Theater, and Orchestra Hall (2,286 seats) which hosts the renowned Detroit Symphony Orchestra.
Question: In what month and year was Juan Garza executed?
Sentence: Timothy McVeigh and Juan Garza were put to death in June 2001, and Louis Jones, Jr. was put to death on March 18, 2003.
Question: Who does the AMC forces usually retain their componency to?
Sentence: When required to support operational missions, the Secretary of Defense (SECDEF) directs the Secretary of the Air Force (SECAF) to execute a Change in Operational Control (CHOP) of these units from their administrative alignment to the operational command of a Regional Combatant Commander (CCDR).
Question: What record does Steven Spielberg have?
Sentence: He has been associated with composer John Williams since 1974, who composed music for all save five of Spielberg's feature films.
Question: What did SPECTRE originally stand for?
Sentence: The ownership of the Spectre organisation—originally stylised "SPECTRE" as an acronym of SPecial Executive for Counter-intelligence, Terrorism, Revenge and Extortion—and its characters, had been at the centre of long-standing litigation starting in 1961 between Ian Fleming and Kevin McClory over the film rights to the novel Thunderball.
Question: What prompted a help program produced by cotton producers in the 1960s?
Sentence: With the passage of the Cotton Research and Promotion Act of 1966, the program joined forces and began battling synthetic competitors and re-establishing markets for cotton.
Question: What was the term for the letter ƿ?
Sentence: The remaining 20 Latin letters were supplemented by four more: ⟨æ⟩ (æsc, modern ash) and ⟨ð⟩ (ðæt, now called eth or edh), which were modified Latin letters, and thorn ⟨þ⟩ and wynn ⟨ƿ⟩, which are borrowings from the futhorc.
Question: Which articles of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties set out the ways that treaties can be invalidated?
Sentence: Articles 46–53 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties set out the only ways that treaties can be invalidated—considered unenforceable and void under international law.
Question: Shell became a major shareholder in Woodside after a takeover attempt was blocked in what year?
Sentence: Shell became a major shareholder in Woodside after a 2001 takeover attempt was blocked by then federal Treasurer Peter Costello and the corporation has been open about its intention to sell its stake in Woodside as part of its target to shed assets.
Question: During what period was adult contemporary its most commercially successful?
Sentence: Soft rock reached its commercial peak in the mid-to-late 1970s with acts such as Toto, England Dan & John Ford Coley, Air Supply, Seals and Crofts, America and the reformed Fleetwood Mac, whose Rumours (1977) was the best-selling album of the decade.
Question: The foreign correspondent who resigned from The Times in 1988 won how many major journalism awards?
Sentence: He wrote in detail about his reasons for resigning from the paper due to meddling with his stories, and the paper's pro-Israel stance.
Question: How many shootings were there in that year?
Sentence: Similarly, major crimes in the city has decreased gradually in the last ten years since its peak in 2006 when 85,498 major crimes were reported.
Question: Von Neumann's modern definition of ordinal numbers superseded whose definition?
Sentence: By the age of 19, von Neumann had published two major mathematical papers, the second of which gave the modern definition of ordinal numbers, which superseded Georg Cantor's definition.
Question: In 1957 the FORTRAN language was created, what is FORTRAN short for?
Sentence: In 1956, the company demonstrated the first practical example of artificial intelligence when Arthur L. Samuel of IBM's Poughkeepsie, New York, laboratory programmed an IBM 704 not merely to play checkers but "learn" from its own experience.
Question: What would you call a mixture of ingredients used for brewing before the 16th century?
Sentence: The first historical mention of the use of hops in beer was from 822 AD in monastery rules written by Adalhard the Elder, also known as Adalard of Corbie, though the date normally given for widespread cultivation of hops for use in beer is the thirteenth century.
Question: Why did some argue that "black" was the better term?
Sentence: Others have argued that "black" is a better term because "African" suggests foreignness, although Black Americans helped found the United States.
Question: Traditionally, how many Politecnici were there?
Sentence: In higher education, Politecnico refers to a technical university awarding degrees in engineering.
Question: In which city was Villa killed?
Sentence: After nearly a year of pursuing Villa, American forces returned to the United States.