xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: When was a study about the DNA of a young boy published in Nature?
Sentence: A 2013 study in Nature reported that DNA found in the 24,000-year-old remains of a young boy from the archaeological Mal'ta-Buret' culture suggest that up to one-third of the indigenous Americans may have ancestry that can be traced back to western Eurasians, who may have "had a more north-easterly distribution 24,000 years ago than commonly thought".
Question: What did a former member of the Hellenic Statistical Authority say the deficit had been inflated to justify?
Sentence: Greece was accused of trying to cover up the extent of its massive budget deficit in the wake of the global financial crisis.
Question: What instrument did he mostly compose for?
Sentence: He gained and has maintained renown worldwide as one of the leading musicians of his era, whose "poetic genius was based on a professional technique that was without equal in his generation.
Question: What outlines the responsibilities and provides a plan for coordination during a cyber incident?
Sentence: The Cyber Incident Management Framework for Canada outlines these responsibilities, and provides a plan for coordinated response between government and other partners in the event of a cyber incident.
Question: Who has abandoned the term Near East?
Sentence: The countries of the former empires of the 19th century have in general abandoned the term and the subdivision in favor of Middle East, North Africa and various forms of Asia.
Question: How old was Mary when she was consecrated as a virgin?
Sentence: Some apocryphal accounts state that at the time of her betrothal to Joseph, Mary was 12–14 years old, and he was thirty years old, but such accounts are unreliable.
Question: The smaller German states joined which side?
Sentence: Reluctantly, by following the imperial diet, most of the states of the empire joined Austria's cause.
Question: Who lost the architectural contest?
Sentence: Other noticeable contemporary buildings are the new Music school Cité de la Musique et de la Danse, the Musée d'Art moderne et contemporain and the Hôtel du Département facing it, as well as, in the outskirts, the tramway-station Hoenheim-Nord designed by Zaha Hadid.
Question: What did this menace undermine?
Sentence: After the First World War, however, it became apparent that the number of mixed-race people was growing at a faster rate than the white population, and by 1930 fear of the "half-caste menace" undermining the White Australia ideal from within was being taken as a serious concern.
Question: What is a popular business for international Asian countries in Burma ?
Sentence: Despite Western isolation, Asian corporations have generally remained willing to continue investing in the country and to initiate new investments, particularly in natural resource extraction.
Question: From what dialect is Hindi descended?
Sentence: Words originating in Sanskrit are estimated at roughly fifty percent of the vocabulary of modern Indo-Aryan languages, as well as the literary forms of Malayalam and Kannada.
Question: What offshoots of polychaetes are only segmented in the rear?
Sentence: It now seems that segmentation can appear and disappear much more easily in the course of evolution than was previously thought.
Question: In what month and year did Comcast buy 49% of NBCUniversal?
Sentence: After that deal, GE owned 80% of NBC Universal; Vivendi held the remaining 20%, with an option to sell its share in 2006.
Question: What sportswear company has a deal with the University of Kansas?
Sentence: Sheahon Zenger was introduced as KU's new athletic director in January 2011.
Question: What publication revealed information about the working conditions of iPod labor?
Sentence: Apple investigated the case with independent auditors and found that, while some of the plant's labour practices met Apple's Code of Conduct, others did not: employees worked over 60 hours a week for 35% of the time, and worked more than six consecutive days for 25% of the time.
Question: What direction from Boston is Boston Harbor?
Sentence: The Mystic River separates Charlestown from Chelsea and Everett, and Chelsea Creek and Boston Harbor separate East Boston from Boston proper.
Question: What year was the New York Life Building built?
Sentence: Heading east, 27th Street passes through Chelsea Park between Tenth and Ninth Avenues, with the Fashion Institute of Technology (FIT) on the corner of Eighth.
Question: What other national examinations are available?
Sentence: Individuals who pass this exam become ‘Lighting Certified’ and may append the abbreviation LC to their name.
Question: What can one use to look at differences between groups instead of physical differences?
Sentence: Another way to look at differences between populations is to measure genetic differences rather than physical differences between groups.
Question: What is another country with which the Gothic style is distinctly connected with?
Sentence: The Gothic style is most particularly associated with the great cathedrals of Northern France, the Low Countries, England and Spain, with other fine examples occurring across Europe.
Question: How many members did the original Houston city council have?
Sentence: The city of Houston's official 2010 census count was 600 shy of the required number; however, as the city was expected to grow beyond 2.1 million shortly thereafter, the two additional districts were added for, and the positions filled during, the August 2011 elections.
Question: What sort of definition can be used to conveniently encompass the complexity of diverse phenomena?
Sentence: A broad operational definition is sometimes used to encompass the complexity of these diverse phenomena, where a gene is defined as a union of genomic sequences encoding a coherent set of potentially overlapping functional products.
Question: What does Lawson suggest has contributed to the consistency of the sense of urgency in Jehovah Witnesses' apocalyptic message?
Sentence: Sociologist Ronald Lawson has suggested the religion's intellectual and organizational isolation, coupled with the intense indoctrination of adherents, rigid internal discipline and considerable persecution, has contributed to the consistency of its sense of urgency in its apocalyptic message.
Question: What group did Umar ibn Ad Al-Aziz grant liberties to?
Sentence: When successive governments tried to reverse Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz's tax policies it created rebellion.
Question: What did the British get a license to build?
Sentence: The British had already arranged licence building of the Bofors 40 mm, and introduced these into service.
Question: What type of clothing does Parkwood Topshop Athletic Ltd produce?
Sentence: The new division was created for Topshop to break into the activewear market, with an athletic, street wear brand being produced.
Question: The Russians escaped under the cover of what in 1855?
Sentence: In September 1854, an Allied landing force was beaten back with heavy casualties, and the Allies withdrew.
Question: What century do the terms Baroque and Rococo come from?
Sentence: The 18th century terms Baroque and Rococo have sometimes been applied, to the art of this complex and individual period.
Question: How much did the Higher Education Commission impact the number of PhDs in Pakistan?
Sentence: Some countries have tried to encourage scientific research.
Question: Who served as production designer for Spectre?
Sentence: Dennis Gassner returned as the film's production designer, while cinematographer Hoyte van Hoytema took over from Roger Deakins.
Question: What President attempted to make an example out of Boston due to it's view on the Anthony Burns Fugitive Slave Case?
Sentence: The city reacted strongly to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, contributing to President Franklin Pierce's attempt to make an example of Boston after the Anthony Burns Fugitive Slave Case.
Question: What is the term for a city with a population of over 10 million?
Sentence: The difficult years of the Great Depression saw the election of reformer Fiorello La Guardia as mayor and the fall of Tammany Hall after eighty years of political dominance.
Question: What happened to urban R&B in the early 1990s?
Sentence: This in part led to a widening of the market, not only allowing to cater to more niche markets, but it also became customary for artists to make AC-friendly singles.
Question: Who was initially named prime minister by the GNC?
Sentence: The GNC proceeded to elect Mohammed Magariaf as president of the chamber, and then voted Mustafa A.G. Abushagur as Prime Minister; when Abushagar failed to gain congressional approval, the GNC instead elected Ali Zeidan to the position.
Question: What was the benefit of Windows 8.1 with Bing?
Sentence: Reports also indicated that Microsoft was planning to offer cheaper Windows 8 licenses to OEMs in exchange for setting Internet Explorer's default search engine to Bing.
Question: Who stated that they did not want to cause damage to the Internet Archive?
Sentence: I never intended to interfere with that goal nor cause it any harm."
Question: Who united the 5 tribes?
Sentence: The migration-period peoples who later coalesced into a "German" ethnicity were the Germanic tribes of the Saxons, Franci, Thuringii, Alamanni and Bavarii.
Question: What type of extensions do these other character encodings have?
Sentence: Although these encodings are sometimes referred to as ASCII, true ASCII is defined strictly only by the ANSI standard.
Question: What do airside areas include?
Sentence: Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons.
Question: What are the members of a Grand Lodge called?
Sentence: Each Grand Lodge maintains a list of other Grand Lodges that it recognises.
Question: On what date did Alexander speak to the Sénat conservateur?
Sentence: On 1 April, Alexander addressed the Sénat conservateur.
Question: What role did Eisenhower serve under Fox Conner?
Sentence: He first became executive officer to General Conner in the Panama Canal Zone, where, joined by Mamie, he served until 1924.
Question: What was Eisenhower's cause of death?
Sentence: On the morning of March 28, 1969, at the age of 78, Eisenhower died in Washington, D.C. of congestive heart failure at Walter Reed Army Medical Center.
Question: Magnates recieved gifts often from who?
Sentence: Often, those gifts were only temporary leases, which the magnates never returned (in the 16th century, the anti-magnate opposition among szlachta was known as the ruch egzekucji praw—movement for execution of the laws—which demanded that all such possessions are returned to their proper owner, the king).
Question: Does Washington (government) operate in both languages (bilingual-Spanish?)
Sentence: There are 500 Spanish newspapers, 152 magazines, and 205 publishers in the United States; magazine and local television advertising expenditures for the Hispanic market have increased much from 1999 to 2003, with growth of 58 percent and 43 percent, respectively.
Question: Hunt was a significant contributor to what?
Sentence: Hunting is still vital in marginal climates, especially those unsuited for pastoral uses or agriculture.[citation needed]
Question: Where did Plymouth's life expectancy rank out of the regions of South West England?
Sentence: Life expectancy, at 78.3 years for men and 82.1 for women, was the lowest of any region in the South West of England.
Question: What other city is similar to Philadelphia's accent?
Sentence: Unlike the Baltimore dialect, however, the Philadelphia accent also shares many similarities with the New York accent.
Question: What is theorized to have evolved with circadian rhythms?
Sentence: Previous hypotheses emphasized that photosensitive proteins and circadian rhythms may have originated together in the earliest cells, with the purpose of protecting replicating DNA from high levels of damaging ultraviolet radiation during the daytime.
Question: What was the original name of Mexico City?
Sentence: Mexico’s capital is both the oldest capital city in the Americas and one of two founded by Amerindians (Native Americans), the other being Quito.
Question: Who won a border war with Libya?
Sentence: The conflict lasted one week before both sides agreed to sign a peace treaty that was brokered by several Arab states.
Question: The Libyan conflict was primarily fought between which groups?
Sentence: Throughout the conflict however, the U.S. maintained it was playing a supporting role only and was following the UN mandate to protect civilians, while the real conflict was between Gaddafi's loyalists and Libyan rebels fighting to depose him.
Question: Who was executed on January 17, 1977?
Sentence: Executions resumed on January 17, 1977, when Gary Gilmore went before a firing squad in Utah.
Question: What element of On the Origin of Species ensured that the book would be taken seriously by scientists?
Sentence: While the book was readable enough to sell, its dryness ensured that it was seen as aimed at specialist scientists and could not be dismissed as mere journalism or imaginative fiction.
Question: Prudhoe Bay is second place in production to what other oil field in the US?
Sentence: Prudhoe Bay on Alaska's North Slope is still the second highest-yielding oil field in the United States, typically producing about 400,000 barrels per day (64,000 m3/d), although by early 2014 North Dakota's Bakken Formation was producing over 900,000 barrels per day (140,000 m3/d).
Question: What was Apple's market share in the U.S. by 2006?
Sentence: As of October 2006, research firms IDC and Gartner reported that Apple's market share in the U.S. had increased to about 6 percent.
Question: What was the walk score given to Boston?
Sentence: As of 2015[update], Walk Score still ranks Boston as the third most walkable US city, with a Walk Score of 80, a Transit Score of 75, and a Bike Score of 70.
Question: Who created a pathway for education for women in the Islamic world?
Sentence: According to the Sunni scholar Ibn ʻAsākir in the 12th century, there were opportunities for female education in the medieval Islamic world, writing that women could study, earn ijazahs (academic degrees), and qualify as scholars and teachers.
Question: If long-term pain can be relieved by therapy, what does a person's neurotic triad score do?
Sentence: When long-term pain is relieved by therapeutic intervention, scores on the neurotic triad and anxiety fall, often to normal levels.
Question: What program can be used to modify files based on ReplayGain measurements?
Sentence: ReplayGain is a standard for measuring and storing the loudness of an MP3 file (audio normalization) in its metadata tag, enabling a ReplayGain-compliant player to automatically adjust the overall playback volume for each file.
Question: What is the Galleria the largest of in Texas?
Sentence: The Theater District is a 17-block area in the center of downtown Houston that is home to the Bayou Place entertainment complex, restaurants, movies, plazas, and parks.
Question: Nationalist in Northern Ireland want to join which country?
Sentence: (In the context of Northern Ireland, unionists are those who want Northern Ireland to remain a part of the United Kingdom and nationalists are those who want Northern Ireland join with the rest of Ireland.)
Question: When does Seattle want to be rated as a climate neutral city?
Sentence: In February 2010, the city government committed Seattle to becoming North America's first "climate neutral" city, with a goal of reaching zero net per capita greenhouse gas emissions by 2030.
Question: What denominations did the Third Great Awakening affect?
Sentence: It affected pietistic Protestant denominations and had a strong element of social activism.
Question: What material sometimes used for dog chews reacts similarly to wood because of its water content?
Sentence: A similar effect of common observation is in the softening action of water on rawhide, paper, or cloth.
Question: Where was there a drought?
Sentence: Widespread drought in North China, combined with the imperialist designs of European powers and the instability of the Qing government, created conditions that led to the emergence of the Righteous and Harmonious Fists, or "Boxers."
Question: What handcrafts do they include?
Sentence: These include woolen and pashmina shawls, carpets, silver and metal ware, embroidered chappals, grass shoes, Kangra and Gompa style paintings, wood work, horse-hair bangles, wooden and metal utensils and various other house hold items.
Question: What can be deployed as an offensive measure to refuse airspace use to an opponent?
Sentence: A surface-based air defence capability can also be deployed offensively to deny the use of airspace to an opponent.
Question: To what did the Christian church equate the peace of the emperors?
Sentence: The peace of the emperors was the peace of God; as far as the Church was concerned, internal dissent and doctrinal schism were a far greater problem.
Question: What was the name of Estêvão Gomes's ship?
Sentence: A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 aboard the purpose-built caravel "La Anunciada" and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Rio de San Antonio.
Question: Elements in a half wave dipole and on an identical axis are said to be what?
Sentence: This consists of two 1⁄4-wavelength elements arranged end-to-end, and lying along essentially the same axis (or collinear), each feeding one side of a two-conductor transmission wire.
Question: What languages besides Portuguese are taught in Brasilia's schools?
Sentence: The Portuguese language is the official national language and the primary language taught in schools.
Question: What media conglomerate did Comcast try to buy in 2004?
Sentence: On February 11, 2004, Comcast announced a $54 billion bid for The Walt Disney Company, as well as taking on $12 billion of Disney's debt.
Question: What religion was Burke's father?
Sentence: Born in Ireland to a Catholic mother and a Protestant father, Burke vigorously defended the Anglican Church, but also demonstrated sensitivity to Catholic concerns.
Question: Aside from Italo-Dalmatian, what is another term for the group that Italian languages belong to?
Sentence: The languages of Italy are primarily Latin-based Romance languages, with the most widely spoken languages falling within the Italo-Dalmatian language family.
Question: What is a genotype?
Sentence: According to Mendelian inheritance, variations in an organism's phenotype (observable physical and behavioral characteristics) are due in part to variations in its genotype (particular set of genes).
Question: What was the name of the junior fashions launched in 2009 by Beyoncé and her mother?
Sentence: In July 2009, Beyoncé and her mother launched a new junior apparel label, Sasha Fierce for Deréon, for back-to-school selling.
Question: What festival was celebrated in the 1950s in recognition of the city's Mexican and Spanish past?
Sentence: During the 1950s there was a citywide festival called Fiesta del Pacifico highlighting the area's Spanish and Mexican past.
Question: What rank within India was HITEC City given by the World Bank Group in 2009?
Sentence: In 2009 the World Bank Group ranked the city as the second best Indian city for doing business.
Question: What happened to President Bonaparte in 1852?
Sentence: The following year, President Bonaparte was declared Emperor Napoleon III, by which time Russell's administration had been replaced by a short-lived minority government led by Lord Derby.
Question: What 2003 movie featuring Julia Roberts was filmed in New Haven?
Sentence: In Everybody's Fine (2009), Robert De Niro has a close encounter in what is supposed to be the Denver train station; the scene was filmed in New Haven's Union Station.
Question: Why was Iran included in the collection of regions?
Sentence: It is now generally used only in historical contexts, to describe the countries of Western Asia from the Mediterranean to (or including) Iran.
Question: Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were built due to the demand for what items during the war?
Sentence: When World War II started, tonnage levels at the port decreased and shipping activities were suspended; however, the war did provide economic benefits for the city.
Question: What are some good standard home solutions?
Sentence: Standard home solutions such as salted rice water, salted yogurt drinks, vegetable and chicken soups with salt can be given.
Question: Movement For democracy in Liberia requested the extradition of whom"
Sentence: In 2006, the government established a Truth and Reconciliation Commission to address the causes and crimes of the civil war.
Question: How many universities were in Pakistan in 2001?
Sentence: In Pakistan, establishment of the Higher Education Commission in 2002, resulted in a 5-fold increase in the number of PhDs and a 10-fold increase in the number of scientific research papers in 10 years with the total number of universities increasing from 115 in 2001 to over 400 in 2012.[citation needed]
Question: What is required of commentators before publishing or airing content ?
Sentence: " The most significant change has come in the form that media organisations will no longer have to submit their content to a censorship board before publication.
Question: Why did the Chinese PLA Navy need 4-5 years for Liaoning to reach full capacity?
Sentence: On 26 December 2012, the People's Daily reported that it will take four to five years for Liaoning to reach full capacity, mainly due to training and coordination which will take significant amount of time for Chinese PLA Navy to complete as this is the first aircraft carrier in their possession.
Question: What were two large ports on the English east coast in the North?
Sentence: However, as with the attacks in the south, the Germans failed to prevent maritime movements or cripple industry in the regions.
Question: How many narrow-gauge lines in Slovakia?
Sentence: In Portugal, it is used in the Cascais Line and in Denmark on the suburban S-train system.
Question: In which year did Sante Fe inhabitants return home from seeking refuge?
Sentence: The absence of servants and workers forged the spirit of northern people as self-dependent, creative people that defended their European heritage.
Question: How long go did this crime take place?
Sentence: Almost 60 years later, 80 year old career criminal Henry (Harry)
Question: What can be used to balance out a portion of the energy used by HVAC systems?
Sentence: In the United States, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems account for 30% (4.65 EJ/yr) of the energy used in commercial buildings and nearly 50% (10.1 EJ/yr) of the energy used in residential buildings.
Question: In what year did the NHL play against World Hockey Association teams?
Sentence: Since the 2000s, some preseason games have been played in Europe against European teams, as part of the NHL Challenge and NHL Premiere series.
Question: What are morphemes?
Sentence: Some authors have proposed that there may be evidence of a sub-stratum or add-stratum language for geographic features and various crafts and agricultural activities, called variously Proto-Euphratean or Proto Tigrean, but this is disputed by others.
Question: What do critics have to say about this payment?
Sentence: Though designed to help teams adjust to the loss of television revenues (the average Premier League team receives £55 million while the average Football League Championship club receives £2 million), critics maintain that the payments actually widen the gap between teams that have reached the Premier League and those that have not, leading to the common occurrence of teams "bouncing back" soon after their relegation.
Question: What churches have been strongly engaged in the ecumenical movement?
Sentence: The ecumenical movement has had an influence on mainline churches, beginning at least in 1910 with the Edinburgh Missionary Conference.