xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Where were the computations for hydrogen bomb worked out?
Sentence: Von Neumann's hydrogen bomb work was played out in the realm of computing, where he and Stanislaw Ulam developed simulations on von Neumann's digital computers for the hydrodynamic computations.
Question: Who did a study in 2007 regarding the five countries with the highest rates of software piracy?
Sentence: According to a 2007 BSA and International Data Corporation (IDC) study, the five countries with the highest rates of software piracy were: 1.
Question: What was created in 2001 to give students comic scholarships?
Sentence: Early post-war Japanese criticism was mostly of a left-wing political nature until the 1986 publication for Tomofusa Kure's Modern Manga: The Complete Picture,[j] which de-emphasized politics in favour of formal aspects, such as structure and a "grammar" of comics.
Question: What is the treatment of choice for diarrhea?
Sentence: Loperamide may help decrease the number of bowel movement but is not recommended in those with severe disease.
Question: What was Comcast's lobbying budget in 2013?
Sentence: Comcast's PAC, the Comcast Corporation and NBCUniversal Political Action Committee, is the among the largest PACs in the US, raising about $3.7 million from 2011-2012 for the campaigns of various candidates for office in the United States Federal Government.
Question: Whatyear did Victoria marry Prince Albert?
Sentence: After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances.
Question: What word means "to avert?"
Sentence: To the Romans, he was known in this capacity as Averruncus (/ˌævəˈrʌŋkəs/ AV-ər-RUNG-kəs; from Latin āverruncare, "to avert").
Question: Who founded algebraic topology?
Sentence: For example, Henri Poincaré founded what is now called algebraic topology by introducing the fundamental group.
Question: How many 400+ foot skyscrapers have been built or are in the process of being built in Miami since 2001?
Sentence: Since 2001, Miami has been undergoing a large building boom with more than 50 skyscrapers rising over 400 feet (122 m) built or currently under construction in the city.
Question: In what region does Estonia hold one of the highest per capita income levels?
Sentence: Estonia has had a market economy since the end of the 1990s and one of the highest per capita income levels in Eastern Europe.
Question: Who was the architect that design the New Haven Free Public Library?
Sentence: Cass Gilbert, of the Beaux-Arts school, designed New Haven's Union Station and the New Haven Free Public Library and was also commissioned for a City Beautiful plan in 1919.
Question: How do Emus migrate long distances during droughts?
Sentence: Emus Dromaius novaehollandiae in Australia have been observed to undertake long-distance movements on foot during droughts.
Question: Who performed at the New Palace Theatre in the 1930s?
Sentence: Built in 1815, Union Street was at the heart of Plymouth's historical culture.
Question: Who made the move to standardize recordings?
Sentence: Broadcasters were faced with having to adapt daily to the varied recording characteristics of many sources: various makers of "home recordings" readily available to the public, European recordings, lateral-cut transcriptions, and vertical-cut transcriptions.
Question: What did most of Gondwana become when the polar ice melted?
Sentence: As a result of continued warming, the polar ice caps melted and much of Gondwana became a desert.
Question: What were revised between 1951 and 1955?
Sentence: In 1951 and 1955, the Easter liturgies underwent revision, most notably including the reintroduction of the Easter Triduum.
Question: When did the Rhine Rift earthquake occur?
Sentence: An additional natural disaster was the Rhine rift earthquake of 1356, one of Europe's worst which made ruins of Basel.
Question: What age ran from 1700 to 1200 BCE?
Sentence: Here we have an apotropaic situation, where a god originally bringing the plague was invoked to end it.
Question: Who was recalled?
Sentence: Later that day, Gorbachev hinted for the first time that he was considering stepping down.
Question: What is the simplest case of an ISP using an upstream ISP?
Sentence: ISPs with more than one point of presence (PoP) may have separate connections to an upstream ISP at multiple PoPs, or they may be customers of multiple upstream ISPs and may have connections to each one of them at one or more point of presence.
Question: During what year did Ashkenazi Jews account for 92 percent of Jews worldwide?
Sentence: Other estimates place Ashkenazi Jews as making up about 75% of Jews worldwide.
Question: What did constitutional changes in 2007 prohibit?
Sentence: Dessouki also stated that "the real center of power in Egypt is the military".
Question: When was the phonome's modern concept developed?
Sentence: While phonetics concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission and perception of the sounds of speech, phonology describes the way sounds function within a given language or across languages to encode meaning.
Question: What is the name of the american Poet who is associated with talking about the rigiorous architecture of Cubism?
Sentence: This is quite different from the free association of the Surrealists and the combination of unconscious utterance and political nihilism of Dada."
Question: What was the population of Greater New Haven in 2010?
Sentence: It is the second-largest city in Connecticut (after Bridgeport), with a population of 129,779 people as of the 2010 United States Census.
Question: About how much had the death rate from TB been reduced in Europe by the midpoint of the 20th century?
Sentence: In Europe, rates of tuberculosis began to rise in the early 1600s to a peak level in the 1800s, when it caused nearly 25% of all deaths.
Question: An inclined plane with a conveyor belt describes what type of elevator?
Sentence: When such mechanisms (or spiral screws or pneumatic transport) are used to elevate grain for storage in large vertical silos, the entire structure is called a grain elevator.
Question: How many votes were cast for contestants in the first season?
Sentence: Over 110 million votes were cast in the first season, and by season ten the seasonal total had increased to nearly 750 million.
Question: Which group did Presbyterian churches union with?
Sentence: Most Reformed churches which trace their history back to Scotland are either presbyterian or congregationalist in government.
Question: What man-made body of water was designed in part by George Washington?
Sentence: The resistance to the slave trade was growing by the mid-nineteenth century; in one famous case in 1848, Henry "Box" Brown made history by having himself nailed into a small box and shipped from Richmond to abolitionists in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, escaping slavery.
Question: What may guarantee the self-governing status of the competent states?
Sentence: As well as reflecting the federal structure of the state this may guarantee that the self-governing status of the component states cannot be abolished without their consent.
Question: How did post-punk artists once again approach the studio?
Sentence: Author Matthew Bannister wrote that post-punk artists rejected the high cultural references of 1960s rock artists like the Beatles and Bob Dylan as well as paradigms that defined "rock as progressive, as art, as 'sterile' studio perfectionism ... by adopting an avant-garde aesthetic".
Question: What is the name of the Midrash compilation?
Sentence: It may correspond to a Greek word that may have existed in the Greek dialect of the Palestinian Jews, or the text is corrupted from "Germanica."
Question: The writers Jonassohn and Bjornson cite various reasons for the lack of widespread support of what?
Sentence: Jonassohn and Björnson go on to say that none of these alternative definitions have gained widespread support for various reasons.
Question: How many of the former republics had representatives sign the Protocol?
Sentence: Doubts remained over the authority of the Belavezha Accords to disband the Soviet Union, since they were signed by only three republics.
Question: Which city in North America held the most slaves in the 1700s?
Sentence: Discovery of the African Burying Ground in the 1990s, during construction of a new federal courthouse near Foley Square, revealed that tens of thousands of Africans had been buried in the area in the colonial years.
Question: What non-profit cardiovascular educational association is headquartered in Hyderabad?
Sentence: Hyderabad is also home to a number of centres specialising in particular fields such as biomedical sciences, biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, such as the National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) and National Institute of Nutrition (NIN).
Question: How is Puerto Rico designated in its constitution?
Sentence: Puerto Rico is designated in its constitution as the "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico".
Question: What race was Beyonce's father?
Sentence: Beyoncé's name is a tribute to her mother's maiden name.
Question: What company was dissolved after the Indian Rebellion?
Sentence: After the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British East India Company, which had ruled much of India, was dissolved, and Britain's possessions and protectorates on the Indian subcontinent were formally incorporated into the British Empire.
Question: When did Japan finish invading Korea?
Sentence: He commanded most of Japan's major clans during the invasion of Korea (1592–1598).
Question: What units are the bulb sizes measured in?
Sentence: The numbers represent the maximum diameter, either in 1⁄8 of an inch, or in millimeters, depending on the shape and the region.
Question: What is a sounds commonly heard when listening to a vinyl that is unintentional.
Sentence: If played back on a mono subwoofer system, the noise will cancel, significantly reducing the amount of rumble that is reproduced.
Question: When did ducks begin to appear in the books of Western Europeon Society ?
Sentence: Despite this, ducks did not appear in agricultural texts in Western Europe until about 810 AD, when they began to be mentioned alongside geese, chickens, and peafowl as being used for rental payments made by tenants to landowners.
Question: What actions of the Soviet Union did The United States oppose?
Sentence: The Soviet Union created the Eastern Bloc of countries that it occupied, annexing some as Soviet Socialist Republics and maintaining others as satellite states that would later form the Warsaw Pact.
Question: Where are the peaks smaller in the range?
Sentence: The peaks in the easterly portion of the range, in Austria and Slovenia, are smaller than those in the central and western portions.
Question: Where was the Royal Institute's Drawing and Archives Collections located originally?
Sentence: In 2004, the two institutions created the Architecture Gallery (Room 128) at the V&A showing artefacts from the collections of both institutions, this was the first permanent gallery devoted to architecture in the UK.
Question: What is Napoleon's legal achievement, still reaching a quarter of the world's legal systems?
Sentence: His lasting legal achievement, the Napoleonic Code, has been adopted in various forms by a quarter of the world's legal systems, from Japan to Quebec.
Question: Ranthamb National Park is known by photographers as what?
Sentence: Ranthambore National Park is known worldwide for its tiger population and is considered by both wilderness lovers and photographers as one of the best place in India to spot tigers.
Question: Who was Kerry's paternal grandmother?
Sentence: Kerry's paternal grandparents, shoe businessman Frederick A. "Fred" Kerry and musician Ida Lowe, were immigrants from the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
Question: What was the time period of Frankish rule?
Sentence: Two chronicles, one written by Leontios Machairas and the other by Georgios Voustronios, cover the entire Middle Ages until the end of Frankish rule (4th century–1489).
Question: What brought communism?
Sentence: However, a group of central European economists led by Austrian School economists Ludwig von Mises and Friedrich Hayek identified the collectivist underpinnings to the various new socialist and fascist doctrines of government power as being different brands of political totalitarianism.
Question: When was the doctrine of Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins put into effect?
Sentence: Only in a few narrow limited areas, like maritime law, has the Constitution expressly authorized the continuation of English common law at the federal level (meaning that in those areas federal courts can continue to make law as they see fit, subject to the limitations of stare decisis).
Question: when was jesse saunders' "on and on" a hit?
Sentence: By 1985, although the exact origins of the term are debated, "house music" encompassed these locally produced recordings.
Question: When did Coca-Cola stop being a sponsor of American Idol?
Sentence: The third major sponsor AT&T Wireless joined in the second season but ended after season 12, and Coca-Cola officially ended its sponsorship after season 13 amidst the declining ratings of Idol in the mid-2010s.
Question: Who was the first ambassador to South Vietnam?
Sentence: In late 1954, Gen. J. Lawton Collins was made ambassador to "Free Vietnam" (the term South Vietnam came into use in 1955), effectively elevating the country to sovereign status.
Question: What does the Shimonoseki Strait divide?
Sentence: Samurai fought at the naval battle of Dan-no-ura, at the Shimonoseki Strait which separates Honshu and Kyushu in 1185.
Question: Tanasi is know to have been located and mapped by British traders by which year?
Sentence: It is not known whether this was the same town as the one encountered by Juan Pardo, although recent research suggests that Pardo's "Tanasqui" was located at the confluence of the Pigeon River and the French Broad River, near modern Newport.
Question: What did the integrated system for ADGB link?
Sentence: Command and control remained primitive until the late 1930s, when Britain created an integrated system for ADGB that linked the ground-based air defence of the army's AA Command, although field-deployed air defence relied on less sophisticated arrangements.
Question: How old was Roncalli when elected pope?
Sentence: Roncalli was elected pope on 28 October 1958 at age 76 after 11 ballots.
Question: Despite all the propaganda that ws presented to the East Prussians what did German populations want within the country?
Sentence: Despite Nazi propaganda presenting all of the regions annexed as possessing significant German populations that wanted reunification with Germany, the Reich's statistics of late 1939 show that only 31,000 out of 994,092 people in this territory were ethnic Germans.[citation needed]
Question: Why is it so difficult to locate bugs in software?
Sentence: The job of testing is an iterative process as when one bug is fixed, it can illuminate other, deeper bugs, or can even create new ones.
Question: When will income tax be introduced on Norfolk Island?
Sentence: The introduction of income taxation will now come into effect on July 1, 2016, with a variation of opinion on the island about these changes but with many understanding that for the island's governance to continue there is a need to pay into the commonwealth revenue pool so that the island can have assistance in supporting its delivery of State government responsibilities such as health, education, medicare, and infrastructure.
Question: What school of Yale is located nearest the intersection of Prospect and Sachem streets?
Sentence: The carts cluster at three main points: by Yale – New Haven Hospital in the center of the Hospital Green (Cedar and York streets), by Yale's Trumbull College (Elm and York streets), and on the intersection of Prospect and Sachem streets by the Yale School of Management.
Question: What was severed in 1942, leaving Switzerland completely surrounded by the Axis?
Sentence: Switzerland's trade was blockaded by both the Allies and by the Axis.
Question: What was the nationality of Estêvão Gomes?
Sentence: The first scientific map to show the North American East coast continuously, the 1527 world map known as the Padrón Real, was informed by Gomes' expedition, and labeled the Northeast as Tierra de Esteban Gómez in his honor.
Question: How did Ibn Sina escape from Hamadan?
Sentence: Later, however, accompanied by his brother, a favorite pupil, and two slaves, Ibn Sina escaped from the city in the dress of a Sufi ascetic.
Question: When did Coca-Cola stop being a sponsor of American Idol?
Sentence: Ford Motor Company and Coca-Cola were two of the first sponsors of American Idol in its first season.
Question: What are urs?
Sentence: The most important urs are: urs of Data Ganj Buksh at Lahore, urs of Hazrat Sultan Bahu at Jhang
Question: What animal declined across Botswana?
Sentence: The numbers of antelope plummeted across Botswana, with a resultant decline in predator numbers, while elephant numbers remained stable and hippopotamus numbers rose.
Question: Were young apprentices hired for pay?
Sentence: Sophisticated schemes were promulgated where children in these colonies between the ages of 5–14 were hired as an apprentice without pay in exchange for learning a craft.
Question: Why did the X Corps leave Hungnam?
Sentence: The X Corps were forced to evacuate by 24 December in order to reinforce the badly depleted U.S. Eighth Army to the south.
Question: What was required of a LaserDisc to continue playback after 60 minutes?
Sentence: After one side was finished playing, a disc has to be flipped over in order to continue watching a movie, and some titles fill two or more discs.
Question: What is the number 4 leading cause of death in the world?
Sentence: While the number of deaths due to nearly every disease have decreased, deaths due to HIV/AIDS have increased fourfold.
Question: Who was believed to have prevented this from occurring to Mary ?
Sentence: The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states "that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the first instance of her conception, by a singular grace and privilege granted by Almighty God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain of original sin."
Question: What did the strongest aftershock measure?
Sentence: Between 64 and 104 major aftershocks, ranging in magnitude from 4.0 to 6.1, were recorded within 72 hours of the main quake.
Question: Who warned of impending Israeli attack on Syria in May 1967?
Sentence: May he deployed his troops in Sinai near the border with Israel, on 19 May he expelled the UN peacekeepers stationed in the Sinai Peninsula border with Israel, and on 23
Question: What text did Burnet base his work off of?
Sentence: Beginning with Thomas Burnet's Sacred Theory of the Earth in 1681, natural philosophers began to explore the idea that the Earth had changed over time.
Question: When were the worms found?
Sentence: These worms were discovered in the late 1980s at the hydrothermal vents near the Galapagos Islands and have since been found at deep-sea hydrothermal vents and cold seeps in all of the world's oceans.
Question: What does the Catholic church considered "mixed" in a "mixed marriage"?
Sentence: He opened the final session of the council, concelebrating with bishops from countries where the Church was persecuted.
Question: Name the four opponents of Prussia.
Sentence: First, Frederick devastated Prince Soubise's French force at the Battle of Rossbach on 5 November 1757 and then routed a vastly superior Austrian force at the Battle of Leuthen on 5 December 1757 With these victories, Frederick once again established himself as Europe's premier general and his men as Europe's most accomplished soldiers.
Question: Who won the 2010 Betty Trask Prize?
Sentence: Books such as From a Crooked Rib and Links are considered important literary achievements, works which have earned Farah, among other accolades, the 1998 Neustadt International Prize for Literature.
Question: Who forced William the Lion to swear fealty to him?
Sentence: He refused William's request for the earldom of Northumbria, but did not intervene in Scotland itself and focused on his continental problems.
Question: What countries is trophy hunting frowned upon?
Sentence: The safari method of hunting was a development of sport hunting that saw elaborate travel in Africa, India and other places in pursuit of trophies.
Question: What is the official name for the Minister in charge of tourism on Norfolk Island?
Sentence: Four of the members of the Assembly formed the Executive Council, which devised policy and acted as an advisory body to the Administrator.
Question: What is the average temperature of the Baltic Islands?
Sentence: Estonia is situated in the northern part of the temperate climate zone and in the transition zone between maritime and continental climate.
Question: Birds preen often with the application of secretions from which gland?
Sentence: A behaviour termed as anting in which the bird encourages ants to run through their plumage is also thought to help them reduce the ectoparasite load in feathers.
Question: In what city and state did the arena football test game take place?
Sentence: The test game was played in Rockford, Illinois, at the Rockford MetroCentre.
Question: How much larger is a dog's olfactory cortex than a person's?
Sentence: Dogs can detect odour in one part per trillion, as their brain's olfactory cortex is (relative to total brain size) 40 times larger than humans.
Question: What do many people fear pain treatment will lead to?
Sentence: Many Asians do not want to lose respect in society by admitting they are in pain and need help, believing the pain should be borne in silence, while other cultures feel they should report pain right away and get immediate relief.
Question: What positive effects does a slower-evaporating filament enable?
Sentence: The coiled-coil filament evaporates more slowly than a straight filament of the same surface area and light-emitting power.
Question: In which era, did the first phylum of multicellular organisms appear?
Sentence: Over the next 400 million years or so, invertebrate diversity showed little overall trend, and vertebrate diversity shows an overall exponential trend.
Question: What did the schools elect to contribute money towards, in light of their allegations?
Sentence: In addition, the schools together agreed to contribute another £3m to a new charitable educational fund.
Question: What excuse did Kolingba use to deny the election results?
Sentence: After using the excuse of alleged irregularities to suspend the results of the elections as a pretext for holding on to power, President Kolingba came under intense pressure from GIBAFOR to establish a "Conseil National Politique Provisoire de la République" (Provisional National Political Council, CNPPR) and to set up a "Mixed Electoral Commission", which included representatives from all political parties.[citation needed]
Question: What is it called when a person's vocal cords stay open after a consonant?
Sentence: Voiceless aspiration occurs when the vocal cords remain open after a consonant is released.
Question: What is the oldest part of the city?
Sentence: The Historic Center is the oldest part of the city (along with some other, formerly separate colonial towns such as Coyoacán and San Ángel), some of the buildings dating back to the 16th century.
Question: Right now what percentage of children are employed in the US?
Sentence: Africa has the highest percentage of children aged 5–17 employed as child labour, and a total of over 65 million.
Question: What ethnice groups did the Qing thin made up China?
Sentence: The emperors equated the lands of the Qing state (including present day Northeast China, Xinjiang, Mongolia, Tibet and other areas) as "China" in both the Chinese and Manchu languages, defining China as a multi-ethnic state, and rejecting the idea that "China" only meant Han areas.