xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What nation lost the Battle of Yarmouk?
Sentence: The defeat of the Byzantine Emperor Heraclius at the Battle of Yarmouk opened the way for the Muslim expansion into Jerusalem and Syria.
Question: What followed the collapse of imperial Tibet?
Sentence: Tibet continued as a Central Asian empire until the mid-9th century, when a civil war over succession led to the collapse of imperial Tibet.
Question: What was the design for low cost data encryption named?
Sentence: A year later IBM launched Secure Blue, a low-cost hardware design for data encryption that can be built into a microprocessor.
Question: How does the magnetic field help the bird at different latitudes?
Sentence: A young bird on its first migration flies in the correct direction according to the Earth's magnetic field, but does not know how far the journey will be.
Question: What group took issue with the Roman canons?
Sentence: The protest centered on the standard defense that canon law could be retained so long as it did not contradict the civil law.
Question: What year was the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field?
Sentence: In 1989, the first full season with night baseball at Wrigley Field, Don Zimmer's Cubs were led by a core group of veterans in Ryne Sandberg, Rick Sutcliffe and Andre Dawson, who were boosted by a crop of youngsters such as Mark Grace, Shawon Dunston, Greg Maddux, Rookie of the Year Jerome Walton, and Rookie of the Year Runner-Up Dwight Smith.
Question: Politicians who were at the end of their political careers were offered what kind of position with companies they were involved with politically?
Sentence: Gombeenism refers to an individual who is dishonest and corrupt for the purpose of personal gain, more often through monetary, while, parochialism which is also known as parish pump politics relates to placing local or vanity projects ahead of the national interest.
Question: When did the US begin to take census?
Sentence: " Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850.
Question: Who is in charge of the Command and Control operations?
Sentence: Command and control is "the exercise of authority and direction by a properly designated commander over assigned and attached forces in the accomplishment of the mission.
Question: Who was the author of the epic poem Aeneid?
Sentence: Virgil represents the pinnacle of Roman epic poetry.
Question: What was the date of Anthonio Colve's capture of New York?
Sentence: On August 24, 1673, Dutch captain Anthonio Colve took over the colony of New York from England and rechristened it "New Orange" to honor the Prince of Orange, King William III.
Question: Which type of vault can be used for rectangular and trapezoidal shaped roofs?
Sentence: The Gothic vault, unlike the semi-circular vault of Roman and Romanesque buildings, can be used to roof rectangular and irregularly shaped plans such as trapezoids.
Question: On what day and month did Bell die?
Sentence: By way of reply, Bell traced the sign for "no" in the air
Question: When hydrogen oxidates, what is it removing?
Sentence: Oxidation of hydrogen removes its electron and gives H+, which contains no electrons and a nucleus which is usually composed of one proton.
Question: Which German chancellor was criticized by The Sun?
Sentence: An unflattering picture of German chancellor Angela Merkel, taken from the rear, bore the headline "I'm Big in the Bumdestag" (17 April 2006).
Question: Who came in second place in election for Egypt president to es-Sisi?
Sentence: Originally, the parliament was to be formed before the president was elected, but interim president Adly Mansour pushed the date.
Question: What was the affect of the dam on the stresses in that area?
Sentence: An article in Science suggested that the construction and filling of the Zipingpu Dam may have triggered the earthquake.
Question: Who made up most of the primary labor force of cotton plantations?
Sentence: Slaves were also the primary labor force within the city, working as domestics, artisans, market workers, and laborers.
Question: What year did the King's brother die in service?
Sentence: It makes me feel we can look the East End in the face".
Question: How many pieces did Chopin compose in 1842?
Sentence: Whereas in 1841 he had written a dozen works, only six were written in 1842 and six shorter pieces in 1843.
Question: When was the most recent constitution of the Marshall Islands adopted?
Sentence: The government of the Marshall Islands operates under a mixed parliamentary-presidential system as set forth in its Constitution.
Question: Where is East Cooper Regional Medical Center?
Sentence: The Trident Regional Medical Center located in the City of North Charleston and East Cooper Regional Medical Center located in Mount Pleasant also serve the needs of residents of the city of Charleston.
Question: Where did NATO begin naval operations after 2002?
Sentence: " NATO started naval operations in the Mediterranean Sea designed to prevent the movement of terrorists or weapons of mass destruction as well as to enhance the security of shipping in general called Operation Active Endeavour.
Question: Where was Horace-Benedict de Saussure born?
Sentence: Two men who first explored the regions of ice and snow were Horace-Bénédict de Saussure (1740–1799) in the Pennine Alps, and the Benedictine monk of Disentis Placidus a Spescha (1752–1833).
Question: Who created the CTAG?
Sentence: Helsinki-86 was the first openly anti-Communist organization in the U.S.S.R., and the first openly organized opposition to the Soviet regime, setting an example for other ethnic minorities' pro-independence movements.[citation needed]
Question: After what language evolved was writing introduced?
Sentence: Sanskrit originated in an oral society, and the oral tradition was maintained through the development of early classical Sanskrit literature.
Question: Who created the song "Charleston Rag"?
Sentence: The geechee dances that accompanied the music of the dock workers in Charleston followed a rhythm that inspired Eubie Blake's "Charleston Rag" and later James P. Johnson's "The Charleston", as well as the dance craze that defined a nation in the 1920s.
Question: When did Richard Tappin Claridge patent asphalt for use in pavement?
Sentence: Then on 25 November 1837, Richard Tappin Claridge patented the use of Seyssel asphalt (patent #7849), for use in asphalte pavement, having seen it employed in France and Belgium when visiting with Frederick Walter Simms, who worked with him on the introduction of asphalt to Britain.
Question: Who was the JK Bridge named for?
Sentence: It is named after Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, former president of Brazil.
Question: What are some bands that Wi-Fi can operate over?
Sentence: Technology may include commonplace Wi-Fi wireless mesh networking, or proprietary equipment designed to operate over open 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 4.9, 5.2, 5.4, 5.7, and 5.8 GHz bands or licensed frequencies such as 2.5 GHz (EBS/BRS), 3.65 GHz (NN) and in the UHF band (including the MMDS frequency band) and LMDS.[citation needed]
Question: What did a 4 July 2003 front page story claim?
Sentence: Subsequently The Sun published a follow-up headlined "Now they're after our fish!".
Question: What muscle movements are used for digestion?
Sentence: Examples may be seen in humans, who differ considerably from other hominids (lack of hair, smaller jaws and musculature, different dentition, length of intestines, cooking, etc.).
Question: What language do most historians agree upon where the Greek names for the British Isles came from?
Sentence: Historians today, though not in absolute agreement, largely agree that these Greek and Latin names were probably drawn from native Celtic-language names for the archipelago.
Question: What notable shop is located in a grade II listed building?
Sentence: At the west end of the zone inside a grade II listed building is the Pannier Market that was completed in 1959 – pannier meaning "basket" from French, so it translates as "basket market".
Question: When did Burke charge Hastings for impeachment?
Sentence: On 4 April 1786, Burke presented the Commons with the Article of Charge of High Crimes and Misdemeanors against Hastings.
Question: Which three religious groups lived in Valencia?
Sentence: Meanwhile, Muslims who remained in the city after the conquest were entrenched in a Moorish neighbourhood next to the present-day market Mosen Sorel.
Question: Who hosts shows on BBC broadcasts outside of England?
Sentence: The other nations of the United Kingdom (Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) have been granted more autonomy from the English network; for example, programmes are mostly introduced by local announcers, rather than by those in London.
Question: When was Australian's megafauna widespread?
Sentence: However, in other locations such as Australia, humans are thought to have played a very significant role in the extinction of the Australian megafauna that was widespread prior to human occupation.
Question: What factors can affect the classification of "blackness"?
Sentence: In a number of countries, societal variables affect classification as much as skin color, and the social criteria for "blackness" vary.
Question: Due to being a coastal city, how much snow does the city gets?
Sentence: Winters are cold with moderate snowfall interspersed with rainfall and occasionally mixed precipitation.
Question: What happens when the private banking system is weakened?
Sentence: However, if the debt rescheduling causes losses on loans held by European banks, it weakens the private banking system, which then puts pressure on the central bank to come to the aid of those banks.
Question: Russia has a military base in which city in Armenia?
Sentence: At the request of the Armenian government, Russia maintains a military base in the northwestern Armenian city of Gyumri as a deterrent against Turkey.[citation needed]
Question: On what date did the NTC government enter the Arab League?
Sentence: On 25 August, the Arab League recognised the NTC to be "the legitimate representative of the Libyan state", on which basis Libya would resume its membership in the League.
Question: What type of operations were mainly done by Canadian forces?
Sentence: Land Forces during this period also deployed in support of peacekeeping operations within United Nations sanctioned conflicts.
Question: What are some animals native to Antarctica?
Sentence: There are no permanent human residents, but anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 people reside throughout the year at the research stations scattered across the continent.
Question: What did Nasser do to Sarraj to try and help the political situation?
Sentence: Aburish states that Nasser was not fully capable of addressing Syrian problems because they were "foreign to him".
Question: What does the Centre For Addiction and Mental heal along with the American Psychiatric association state about sexual orientation?
Sentence: Often, sexual orientation and sexual orientation identity are not distinguished, which can impact accurately assessing sexual identity and whether or not sexual orientation is able to change; sexual orientation identity can change throughout an individual's life, and may or may not align with biological sex, sexual behavior or actual sexual orientation.
Question: The imperial family of Rome used the church of Santa Costanza as what?
Sentence: The Roman church of Santa Costanza, which served as a mausoleum for one or more of the Imperial family, has both religious mosaic and decorative secular ceiling mosaics on a round vault, which probably represent the style of contemporary palace decoration.
Question: What's the common language that around 20% of Suriname's people speak?
Sentence: The lingua franca of Suriname, however, is Sranan Tongo, spoken natively by about a fifth of the population.
Question: When was Sharif re-elected CM?
Sentence: The current Chief Minister is Shahbaz Sharif, who became the Chief Minister of Punjab as being restored after Governor's rule starting from 25 February 2009 to 30 March 2009.
Question: Where does 24th street start?
Sentence: 24th Street starts at First Avenue and it ends at Madison Avenue, because of Madison Square Park.
Question: What is one way to abbreviate the Solar Hiljri calender?
Sentence: The year of Prophet Muhammad's migration to Medina (622 CE) is fixed as the first year of the calendar, and the New Year's Day always falls on the March equinox.
Question: Where have many birds established breeding populations?
Sentence: Many bird species have established breeding populations in areas to which they have been introduced by humans.
Question: Who commanded the U.S. Army in the battle against Mexico City?
Sentence: After defeating the Saint Patrick's Battalion, the Mexican–American War came to a close after the United States deployed combat units deep into Mexico resulting in the capture of Mexico City and Veracruz by the U.S. Army's 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th Divisions.
Question: What consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea?
Sentence: Their original Middle East consumed the Near East as far as the Red Sea, ceded India to the Asia and Oceania region, and went into partnership with North Africa as far as the Atlantic.
Question: How far do glaciers generally move per day?
Sentence: There may be no motion in stagnant areas; for example, in parts of Alaska, trees can establish themselves on surface sediment deposits.
Question: What year was Prohibition enacted nationally?
Sentence: Nucky Johnson's income, which reached as much as $500,000 annually, came from the kickbacks he took on illegal liquor, gambling and prostitution operating in the city, as well as from kickbacks on construction projects.
Question: What is the basis of capitalization standards for the sentence-style capitalization?
Sentence: The convention followed by many British publishers (including scientific publishers, like Nature, magazines, like The Economist and New Scientist, and newspapers, like The Guardian and The Times) and U.S. newspapers is to use sentence-style capitalisation in headlines, where capitalisation follows the same rules that apply for sentences.
Question: When did the Andronovo culture exist?
Sentence: The Andronovo culture is the suggested candidate for the common Indo-Iranian culture ca.
Question: Where does phosphate within a leaf move in the fall?
Sentence: But in the fall, phosphate, along with the other chemicals and nutrients, moves out of the leaf into the stem of the plant.
Question: How many broadcasters did Japan have sharing a single channel?
Sentence: In addition, recording and reproducing an HDTV signal was a significant technical challenge in the early years of HDTV (Sony HDVS).
Question: Laws were formulated in what country?
Sentence: As the Laws were formulated in England, and were initially administered solely by the four British football associations within IFAB, the standard dimensions of a football pitch were originally expressed in imperial units.
Question: Who stated that Madonna's voice are key to her rock roots?
Sentence: Of this experience she commented, "I studied with a vocal coach for Evita and I realized there was a whole piece of my voice I wasn't using.
Question: What year was Whitehead born?
Sentence: Alfred North Whitehead was born in Ramsgate, Kent, England, in 1861.
Question: What year did he gain citizenship in France?
Sentence: In his last years, he was financially supported by his admirer Jane Stirling, who also arranged for him to visit Scotland in 1848.
Question: Why did the US impose an arms embargo on Turkey?
Sentence: International pressure led to a ceasefire, and by then 37% of the island had been taken over by the Turks and 180,000 Greek Cypriots had been evicted from their homes in the north.
Question: Where do flying toilets end up after use?
Sentence: Many of Namibia's inhabitants have to resort to "flying toilets", plastic bags to defecate which after use are flung into the bush.
Question: What was Sergey Lavrov's position?
Sentence: Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov said Russia would work "immediately" to convince Syria relinquish and destroy its large chemical weapons arsenal.
Question: Along with psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history and sociology, what field has engaged in research on emotion?
Sentence: Research on emotion has increased significantly over the past two decades with many fields contributing including psychology, neuroscience, endocrinology, medicine, history, sociology, and even computer science.
Question: How much had the book earned Darwin by the time he died?
Sentence: (eventually Murray paid £180 to Darwin for the 1st edition and by Darwin's death in 1882 the book was in its 6th edition, earning Darwin nearly £3000.)
Question: what was the policy that Universal followed in its early years?
Sentence: However, by April 1927, Carl Laemmle considered this to be a mistake as "unclean pictures" from other studios were generating more profit while Universal was losing money.
Question: What is an often used term for British withdrawal from the European Union?
Sentence: Clegg denied that the Queen made such a statement, and a Buckingham Palace spokesperson confirmed that a complaint had been made to the Independent Press Standards Organisation over a breach of guidelines relating to accuracy.
Question: What type of estates did Hellenistic monarchs run their kingdoms?
Sentence: Hellenistic monarchs ran their kingdoms as royal estates and most of the heavy tax revenues went into the military and paramilitary forces which preserved their rule from any kind of revolution.
Question: Is I-91 similar to I-95 in terms of bad traffic?
Sentence: I-95 is infamous for traffic jams increasing with proximity to New York City; on the east side of New Haven it passes over the Quinnipiac River via the Pearl Harbor Memorial, or "Q Bridge", which often presents a major bottleneck to traffic. I-91, however, is relatively less congested, except at the intersection with I-95 during peak travel times.
Question: When did Belon make his shipbuilding observations?
Sentence: One hundred years after the fall of Constantinople in 1453, Pierre Belon described in his work Observations in 1553 that pissasphalto, a mixture of pitch and bitumen, was used in Dubrovnik for tarring of ships from where it was exported to a market place in Venice where it could be bought by anyone.
Question: In what part of Manhattan is the Museum Mile located?
Sentence: Museum Mile is the name for a section of Fifth Avenue running from 82nd to 105th streets on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, in an area sometimes called Upper Carnegie Hill.
Question: When was the Canadian Joint Operations Command established?
Sentence: The new command, created as a response to the cost-cutting measures in the 2012 federal budget, combines the resources, roles and responsibilities of the three former commands under a single headquarters.
Question: How many people watched American Idols finale in season 14?
Sentence: The fourteenth season finale was the lowest-rated finale ever, with an average of only 8.03 million viewers watching the finale.
Question: What organization ranked New Delhi 39th in economic activity in 2011?
Sentence: The 2011 World Wealth Report ranks economic activity in New Delhi at 39, but overall the capital is ranked at 37, above cities like Jakarta and Johannesburg.
Question: What gives way to the growth of plant species with secondary metabolites important for medicinal purposes?
Sentence: Origanum vulgare, Prunella vulgaris, Solanum nigrum and Urtica dioica are some of the more useful medicinal species found in the Alps.
Question: Following Alberts death, what was the first year that Victoria attended the State opening of Parliment?
Sentence: The following year she supported the passing of the Reform Act 1867 which doubled the electorate by extending the franchise to many urban working men, though she was not in favour of votes for women.
Question: What were three sites used for filming Spectre?
Sentence: Mendes revealed that production would begin on 8 December 2014 at Pinewood Studios, with filming taking seven months.
Question: As what can divergence in the groups be shown?
Sentence: Despite its relative lexical unity, the two dialectal blocks of Catalan (Eastern and Western) show some differences in word choices.
Question: In what year was the Community Party of China created?
Sentence: The Communist Party of China, founded in 1920, adopted the red flag and hammer and sickle emblem of the Soviet Union, which became the national symbols when the Party took power in China in 1949.
Question: In what form does half of Charleston's annual rainfall occur?
Sentence: Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers.
Question: What caused a Tetanus outbreak?
Sentence: A drug was considered misbranded if it contained alcohol, morphine, opium, cocaine, or any of several other potentially dangerous or addictive drugs, and if its label failed to indicate the quantity or proportion of such drugs.
Question: Who defined god as "that than which nothing greater can be conceived"?
Sentence: Famed pantheist philosopher Baruch Spinoza would later carry this idea to its extreme: "By God I understand a being absolutely infinite, i.e., a substance consisting of infinite attributes, of which each one expresses an eternal and infinite essence."
Question: What is the busiest highway in Oklahoma?
Sentence: In 2008, Interstate 44 in Oklahoma City was Oklahoma's busiest highway, with a daily traffic volume of 123,300 cars.
Question: How many of the lakes were a danger to people?
Sentence: As a result of the magnitude 7.9 earthquake and the many strong aftershocks, many rivers became blocked by large landslides, which resulted in the formation of "quake lakes" behind the blockages; these massive amounts of water were pooling up at a very high rate behind the natural landslide dams and it was feared that the blockages would eventually crumble under the weight of the ever-increasing water mass, potentially endangering the lives of millions of people living downstream.
Question: What was the biggest factor in the decline in Atlantic City's popularity?
Sentence: Like many older east coast cities after World War II, Atlantic City became plagued with poverty, crime, corruption, and general economic decline in the mid-to-late 20th century.
Question: What period was the Jin kingdom in?
Sentence: Law enforcement in Ancient China was carried out by "prefects" for thousands of years since it developed in both the Chu and Jin kingdoms of the Spring and Autumn period.
Question: What is the reason the Sahara lacks moisture?
Sentence: The primary source of rain in the Sahara is the equatorial low a continuous belt of low-pressure systems near the equator which bring the brief, short and irregular rainy season to the Sahel and the southern Sahara.
Question: Sheryl Crow felt the show undermined art and promoted what?
Sentence: Singer Sheryl Crow, who was later to act as a mentor on the show, however took the view that the show "undermines art in every way and promotes commercialism".
Question: Near what river were the Avars originally based?
Sentence: In the 560s the Avars began to expand from their base on the north bank of the Danube; by the end of the 6th century they were the dominant power in Central Europe and routinely able to force the eastern emperors to pay tribute.
Question: Along with "daylight saving" and "daylight savings," what alternate form does Merriam-Webster's include?
Sentence: ("Although daylight saving time is considered correct, daylight savings time (with an "s") is commonly used.")
Question: New Haven has a large immigrant population, what seems to be one of the main cause of it throughout the last century?
Sentence: Previous influxes among ethnic groups have been African-Americans in the postwar era, and Irish, Italian and (to a lesser degree)
Question: What type of fixtures do you use for indoor lighting?
Sentence: Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design.