xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Ancient Galicians took control of which city in northern Portugal?
Sentence: During the next century Galician noblemen took northern Portugal, conquering Coimbra in 871, thus freeing what were considered the southernmost city of ancient Galicia.
Question: What was Liu Shaokun's profession?
Sentence: Besides parents, Liu Shaokun (刘绍坤), a Sichuan school teacher, was detained on June 25, 2008 for "disseminating rumors and destroying social order" about the Sichuan earthquake.
Question: How does a US NPO apply for tax exempt status?
Sentence: That is done typically by applying to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), although statutory exemptions exist for limited types of nonprofit organizations.
Question: What % of households were spending less than £20 per week in 2004
Sentence: Nevertheless, 22% of the population claimed social security benefit in 2006/7, most of them aged over 60, a sector that represents 20% of the population.
Question: Who believed that neither side would see a victory at the end of the Korean War?
Sentence: In the months after the Shenyang conference Peng Dehuai went to Beijing several times to brief Mao and Zhou about the heavy casualties suffered by Chinese troops and the increasing difficulty of keeping the front lines supplied with basic necessities.
Question: What other word changes can occur in derivations?
Sentence: The process of morphological derivation in Catalan follows the same principles as the other Romance languages, where agglutination is common.
Question: What is the Mossberg 590 used for?
Sentence: The M1014 Joint Service Combat Shotgun or the Mossberg 590 Shotgun are used for door breaching and close-quarters combat.
Question: For how long were the Tories dismissed from office?
Sentence: Although the Tories were dismissed from office for half a century, for most of this period (at first under the leadership of Sir William Wyndham), the Tories retained party cohesion, with occasional hopes of regaining office, particularly at the accession of George II (1727) and the downfall of the ministry of Sir Robert Walpole in 1742.
Question: Elevation of the breasts, development of pubic hair, and elevation of the nippes are examples of what type of changes?
Sentence: In females, secondary sex changes involve elevation of the breasts, widening of the hips, development of pubic and underarm hair, widening of the areolae, and elevation of the nipples.
Question: Where did Messi, Iniesta and Xavi learn their football in Barcelona?
Sentence: In 2010, the club made history when three players who came through its youth academy (Messi, Iniesta and Xavi) were chosen as the three best players in the world in the FIFA Ballon d'Or awards, an unprecedented feat for players from the same football school.
Question: Between what years did Reynolds identify the post-punk era as existing?
Sentence: Reynolds defined the post-punk era as occurring loosely between 1978 and 1984.
Question: What can be deployed as an offensive measure to refuse airspace use to an opponent?
Sentence: However, while overall air defence may be for homeland defence including military facilities, forces in the field, wherever they are, invariably deploy their own air defence capability if there is an air threat.
Question: How many total Nobel prizes were awarded to Swiss scientists?
Sentence: Many Nobel prizes have been awarded to Swiss scientists, for example to the world-famous physicist Albert Einstein in the field of physics who developed his Special relativity while working in Bern.
Question: Where do people who are an exception to egalitarianism live?
Sentence: Nearly all African hunter-gatherers are egalitarian, with women roughly as influential and powerful as men.
Question: What did the Byzantine empire use to expand its political influence?
Sentence: The Byzantines established the Theme of Cherson, formally known as Klimata, in the Crimea in the 830s to defend against raids by the Rus' and to protect vital grain shipments supplying Constantinople.
Question: What was Sir Francis Drake's cause of death?
Sentence: He died of dysentery in 1596 off the coast of Puerto Rico.
Question: What is the mean high temperature in Guam?
Sentence: The mean high temperature is 86 °F (30 °C) and mean low is 76 °F (24 °C) with an average annual rainfall of 96 inches (2,180 mm).
Question: What controlled the small form tablet market at this time?
Sentence: In March 2013, Microsoft also amended its certification requirements to allow tablets to use the 1024×768 resolution as a minimum; this change is expected to allow the production of certified Windows 8 tablets in smaller form factors—a market which is currently dominated by Android-based tablets.
Question: What is the legislative branch of Bermuda modeled after?
Sentence: The legislative branch consists of a bicameral parliament modelled on the Westminster system.
Question: By what year do plans call for the completion of a rail line to Bellevue?
Sentence: An extension north to the University of Washington is scheduled to open in 2016; and further extensions are planned to reach Lynnwood to the north, Des Moines to the south, and Bellevue and Redmond to the east by 2023.
Question: On which label did Elvis release his early singles?
Sentence: Some of Elvis Presley's early singles on Sun Records might have sold more copies on 78 than on 45.
Question: What set of courses does someone need to take for preparation to be considered as a scholar?
Sentence: In the Ottoman Empire, during the Early Modern Period, the study of hadiths was introduced by Süleyman I. Depending on the educational demands, some madaris also offer additional advanced courses in Arabic literature, English and other foreign languages, as well as science and world history.
Question: From what country did Erichtho come?
Sentence: A female foreigner from Thessaly, notorious for witchcraft, Erichtho is the stereotypical witch of Latin literature, along with Horace's Canidia.
Question: The blood-brain barrier is made up of what?
Sentence: The cells in the blood vessel walls are joined tightly to one another, forming the blood–brain barrier, which blocks the passage of many toxins and pathogens (though at the same time blocking antibodies and some drugs, thereby presenting special challenges in treatment of diseases of the brain).
Question: Assuming iSuppli got the numbers right, how much of a loss did Sony take for every 20 GB PS3 sold in the U.S.?
Sentence: However, they were priced at US$499 and US$599 respectively, meaning that units may have been sold at an estimated loss of $306 or $241 depending on model, if the cost estimates were correct, and thus may have contributed to Sony's games division posting an operating loss of ¥232.3 billion (US$1.97 billion) in the fiscal year ending March 2007.
Question: According to the Declaration of Delhi, what type of conditions are needed for human dignity?
Sentence: They declared that the rule of law implies certain rights and freedoms, that it implies an independent judiciary, and that it implies social, economic and cultural conditions conducive to human dignity.
Question: When did von NEumann establish mean square ratio?
Sentence: In 1941, he derived the exact distribution of the ratio of the mean square of successive differences to the sample variance for independent and identically normally distributed variables.
Question: What are Yale's colleges encircling?
Sentence: All twelve college quadrangles are organized around a courtyard, and each has a dining hall, courtyard, library, common room, and a range of student facilities.
Question: Who was the youngest daughter of Earl and Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne?
Sentence: An infatuation with the already-married Australian socialite Sheila, Lady Loughborough, came to an end in April 1920 when the King, with the promise of the dukedom of York, persuaded Albert to stop seeing her.
Question: How could one characterize the winters in Richmond?
Sentence: The mountains to the west act as a partial barrier to outbreaks of cold, continental air in winter; Arctic air is delayed long enough to be modified, then further warmed as it subsides in its approach to Richmond.
Question: How much of Charleston is covered by water?
Sentence: The old city is located on a peninsula at the point where, as Charlestonians say, "The Ashley and the Cooper Rivers come together to form the Atlantic Ocean.
Question: What is the largest and longest-running university-run foreign film program in the U.S.?
Sentence: For example, BYU's International Cinema, featuring films in several languages, is the largest and longest-running university-run foreign film program in the country.
Question: In which areas were the earliest human inhabitants discovered?
Sentence: Inhabitants of the state later developed farming with the domestication of corn.
Question: What is Houston's one Catholic university?
Sentence: Several private institutions of higher learning—ranging from liberal arts colleges, such as The University of St. Thomas, Houston's only Catholic university, to Rice University, the nationally recognized research university—are located within the city.
Question: When was the synagogue in Khirbet Susiya re-discovered?
Sentence: The synagogue in Khirbet Susiya (excavated in 1971–72, founded in the end of the 4th century) has three mosaic panels, the eastern one depicting a Torah shrine, two menorahs, a lulav and an etrog with columns, deer and rams.
Question: Where does Universal's filming take place?
Sentence: Universal Studios Inc. (also known as Universal Pictures) is an American film studio, owned by Comcast through its wholly owned subsidiary NBCUniversal, and is one of Hollywood's "Big Six" film studios.
Question: Where did Beyonce get her name from?
Sentence: Beyoncé's younger sister Solange is also a singer and a former member of Destiny's Child.
Question: How does an someone interested in ethnohistory learn more about cultures and customs?
Sentence: Ethnohistory is the study of ethnographic cultures and indigenous customs by examining historical records.
Question: A 2013 study of Ashkenazi mitochondrial DNA was conducted by what university?
Sentence: Human geneticists have argued that genetic variations have been identified that show high frequencies among Ashkenazi Jews, but not in the general European population, be they for patrilineal markers (Y-chromosome haplotypes) and for matrilineal markers (mitotypes).
Question: Who is authorized to provide inspection and/or maintenance of the elevator?
Sentence: Inspection service is designed to provide access to the hoistway and car top for inspection and maintenance purposes by qualified elevator mechanics.
Question: In what city was the Mosque-Madrasah of Sultan Hasan?
Sentence: During the rule of the Fatimid and Mamluk dynasties and their successor states in the medieval Middle East, many of the ruling elite founded madaris through a religious endowment known as the waqf.
Question: How many government-affiliated institutes of technology are there in India?
Sentence: In addition to these there are many other Universities which offer higher technical courses.
Question: Along with Norway, what country borders the RSFSR on the northwest?
Sentence: Within the Soviet Union, the RSFSR bordered the Ukrainian, Belarusian, Estonian, Latvian and Lithuanian SSRs to its west and Azerbaijan, Georgian and Kazakh SSRs to the south.
Question: What are some historical reasons multiracial Americans have been classified as black?
Sentence: Americans with Sub-Saharan African ancestry for historical reasons: slavery, partus sequitur ventrem, one-eighth law, the one-drop rule of 20th-century legislation, have frequently been classified as black (historically) or African American, even if they have significant European American or Native American ancestry.
Question: What company was charted in 1600 for trade to the East Indies?
Sentence: The East India Company (short for a much longer formal name) was chartered in 1600 for trade to the East Indies.
Question: What can clothing provide during hazardous activities?
Sentence: Physically, clothing serves many purposes: it can serve as protection from the elements, and can enhance safety during hazardous activities such as hiking and cooking.
Question: What is the name of the thicker-stroked writing used for the Quran beginning in the 9th century?
Sentence: Toward the end of the ninth century, new scripts began to appear in copies of the Quran and replace earlier scripts.
Question: What organic reds did Rothko use in the Passion of Christ murals?
Sentence: He mixed mostly traditional colors to make the pink and crimson; synthetic ultramarine, cerulean blue, and titanium white, but he also used two new organic reds, Naphtol and Lithol.
Question: Where can the issue of through traffic benefits occur?
Sentence: The increasing demand for container traffic which is more efficient when utilizing the double-stack car also has network effect issues with existing electrifications due to insufficient clearance of overhead electrical lines for these trains, but electrification can be built or modified to have sufficient clearance, at additional cost.
Question: What concept did Irenaeus cite to help support his arguments?
Sentence: He also pointed out the concept of apostolic succession to support his arguments.
Question: What court ruled the claim of climate change refugee to be untenable?
Sentence: In 2014 attention was drawn to an appeal to the New Zealand Immigration and Protection Tribunal against the deportation of a Tuvaluan family on the basis that they were "climate change refugees", who would suffer hardship resulting from the environmental degradation of Tuvalu.
Question: How many African Americans lived in Charleston in 1860?
Sentence: Among other changes, most blacks quickly left the Southern Baptist Church, setting up their own black Baptist congregations or joining new African Methodist Episcopal Church and AME Zion churches, both independent black denominations first established in the North.
Question: What is another term for the act of spying for another country?
Sentence: Such non-death capital offenses include treason, espionage (spying for another country), and high-level drug trafficking.
Question: Can one increase their brain efficency?
Sentence: A UCLA research study published in the June 2006 issue of the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry found that people can improve cognitive function and brain efficiency through simple lifestyle changes such as incorporating memory exercises, healthy eating, physical fitness and stress reduction into their daily lives.
Question: Which Carnival in Argentina is the most representative of the nature of the Carnival?
Sentence: Gualeguaychú in the east of Entre Ríos province is the most important Carnival city and has one of the largest parades.
Question: What independent agency operates San Diego International Airport?
Sentence: It is operated by an independent agency, the San Diego Regional Airport Authority.
Question: Where did the Cubs move to after leaving the West Side Grounds?
Sentence: As principal owners, the pair moved the club from the West Side Grounds to the much newer Weeghman Park, which had been constructed for the Whales only two years earlier, where they remain to this day.
Question: What profession finds evidence of infection in fossil remains to be interesting?
Sentence: Evidence of infection in fossil remains is a subject of interest for paleopathologists, scientists who study occurrences of injuries and illness in extinct life forms.
Question: The population of Israel rose from 800,000 to what between 1948 and 1958?
Sentence: There were others that did it for the promise of a better life in Israel and a small number that were expelled from their homelands, such as British and French Jews in Egypt after the Suez Crisis.
Question: How did Max Weber view rationalization?
Sentence: Max Weber was concerned with the modernization of society through the concept of rationalization, which he believed would trap individuals in an "iron cage" of rational thought.
Question: How are power factor correction capacitors sometimes installed?
Sentence: In electric power distribution, capacitors are used for power factor correction.
Question: In what era did the Protestant Reformation occur?
Sentence: During the Tudor period the Reformation produced a gradual shift to Protestantism, much of London passing from church to private ownership.
Question: What evidence was found that Crucifixion did happen?
Sentence: The crucified man was identified as Yehohanan ben Hagkol and probably died about 70 AD, around the time of the Jewish revolt against Rome.
Question: In what year did Richard Francis Burton break away from the Ethnological Society of London?
Sentence: It was the 2nd society dedicated to general anthropology in existence.
Question: When was the Birao Peace Agreement signed?
Sentence: The only major group not to sign an agreement at the time was the CPJP, which continued its activities and signed a peace agreement with the government on 25 August 2012.
Question: How much precipitation does the desert area of Western Alaska receive?
Sentence: An area stretching from the northern side of the Seward Peninsula to the Kobuk River valley (i. e., the region around Kotzebue Sound) is technically a desert, with portions receiving less than 10 in (25 cm) of precipitation annually.
Question: In 1874 the telegraph was known as the what of commerce?
Sentence: In 1874, telegraph message traffic was rapidly expanding and in the words of Western Union President William Orton, had become "the nervous system of commerce".
Question: How much is Eddy Street Commons at Notre Dame expected to cost?
Sentence: The first phase of Eddy Street Commons, a $215 million development located adjacent to the University of Notre Dame campus and funded by the university, broke ground on June 3, 2008.
Question: What did the Circulair Savary introduce?
Sentence: The Ministerial Memorandum of 21 June 1982, known as the Circulaire Savary, introduced financial support, over three years, for the teaching of regional languages in schools and universities.
Question: What did Bronn do in his translation that went completely against what Darwin wanted in On the Origin of Species?
Sentence: Darwin's attempts to find a translator in France fell through, and the translation by Clémence Royer published in 1862 added an introduction praising Darwin's ideas as an alternative to religious revelation and promoting ideas anticipating social Darwinism and eugenics, as well as numerous explanatory notes giving her own answers to doubts that Darwin expressed.
Question: What hairstyle did Mithridates IV copy from Alexander?
Sentence: Mithridates VI, himself of mixed Persian and Greek ancestry, presented himself as the protector of the Greeks against the 'barbarians' of Rome styling himself as "King Mithridates Eupator Dionysus."
Question: What percentage of homeless people are women?
Sentence: Forty-one percent were women, and 29 percent were accompanied by children.
Question: How many aspects are there to Dukkha?
Sentence: Dukkha is commonly translated as "suffering", "anxiety", "unsatisfactoriness", "unease", etc., and it is said to have the following three aspects:
Question: How many berths does the Port contain?
Sentence: The port area is 98 kilometres (61 mi) in length and has 64 berths including 16 berths for ships with a tonnage of more than 10,000.
Question: What elements mix for Egyptian music?
Sentence: Egyptian music is a rich mixture of indigenous, Mediterranean, African and Western elements.
Question: Who is responsible for purification of compounds found in mineral sources?
Sentence: The development of synthetic chemical methods allowed scientists to systematically vary the structure of chemical substances, and growth in the emerging science of pharmacology expanded their ability to evaluate the biological effects of these structural changes.
Question: Which street connects East 3rd to West 3rd?
Sentence: Great Jones Street connects East 3rd to West 3rd.
Question: Which philosophy attempted to reconcile Aristotelian teachings and Christian theology in the 13th century?
Sentence: The predominant school of thought in the 13th century was the Thomistic reconciliation of the teachings of Aristotle with Christian theology.
Question: Where is the Bay of Pasaia located?
Sentence: In the Basque Country, it is a common belief that the name of St. John's was given by Basque fishermen because the bay of St. John's is very similar to the Bay of Pasaia in the Basque Country, where one of the fishing towns is also called St. John (in Spanish, San Juan, and in Basque, Donibane).
Question: What do fatty acid monomers that are bound to glycerol backbones make up?
Sentence: Fats are triglycerides, made of assorted fatty acid monomers bound to a glycerol backbone.
Question: What was the name of the video game?
Sentence: It was settled out of court by her lawyers in June 2013 who said that they had cancelled because GateFive had lost its financial backers.
Question: Piracy has been more recently described online in relation to what?
Sentence: The term "piracy" has been used to refer to the unauthorized copying, distribution and selling of works in copyright.
Question: What finally beat Idol in the ratings during season nine?
Sentence: In season nine, Idol's six-year extended streak of perfection in the ratings was broken, when NBC's coverage of the 2010 Winter Olympics on February 17 beat Idol in the same time slot with 30.1 million viewers over Idol's 18.4 million.
Question: What is the motto of the New York City Fire Department?
Sentence: The FDNY's motto is New York's Bravest.
Question: What were Wesley Clarks's core issues?
Sentence: His campaign focused on themes of leadership and patriotism; early campaign ads relied heavily on biography.
Question: Who did the German sponsorship of Lenin's Petrograd upset?
Sentence: The Western Allies expressed their dismay at the Bolsheviks, upset at:
Question: How many high schools are there in Richmond?
Sentence: Richmond's public school district also runs one of Virginia's four public charter schools, the Patrick Henry School of Science and Arts, which was founded in 2010.
Question: Per the UN definition, what is federalism?
Sentence: Were this not the case a federation would not be a single sovereign state, per the UN definition.
Question: Kenneth Hamilton suggests that the preludes may not have been meant as a group but rather as what?
Sentence: The preludes, many of which are very brief (some consisting of simple statements and developments of a single theme or figure), were described by Schumann as "the beginnings of studies".
Question: In what battle did Ali fight the Kharjites?
Sentence: Following this battle, Ali fought a battle against Muawiyah, known as the Battle of Siffin.
Question: As technology advances, what is another higher bit rate that is beginning to spread?
Sentence: As Internet bandwidth availability and hard drive sizes have increased, higher bit rates up to 320 kbit/s are widespread.
Question: How are torque motors used in computer gaming?
Sentence: In the computer gaming world, torque motors are used in force feedback steering wheels.
Question: What region did Napoleon invade in an effort to extend the Continental System?
Sentence: By 1811, Napoleon ruled over 70 million people across an empire that had domination in Europe, which had not witnessed this level of political consolidation since the days of the Roman Empire.
Question: Which towns have the highest immigrant population?
Sentence: The amount of foreigners varies between regions: the college towns Erfurt, Jena, Weimar and Ilmenau have the highest rates, whereas there are almost no migrants living in the most rural smaller municipalities.
Question: What did the rebellion to the new football measures start?
Sentence: Their attempts, however, were reduced by rebellion against the rules committee and formation of the Intercollegiate Athletic Association.