xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: Who were some of the invaders to Egypt during the New Kingdom?
Sentence: The New Kingdom c. 1550–1070 BC began with the Eighteenth Dynasty, marking the rise of Egypt as an international power that expanded during its greatest extension to an empire as far south as Tombos in Nubia, and included parts of the Levant in the east.
Question: Who built monasteries in Lucerne, Switzerland and Oberammergau?
Sentence: In the 19th century, the monasteries built in the high Alps during the medieval period to shelter travelers and as places of pilgrimage, became tourist destinations.
Question: Stewart pointed out that the phrase "Wall of separation" was nowhere to be found in what?
Sentence: The lone dissenter, Justice Potter Stewart, objected to the court's embrace of the "wall of separation" metaphor: "I think that the Court's task, in this as in all areas of constitutional adjudication, is not responsibly aided by the uncritical invocation of metaphors like the "wall of separation," a phrase nowhere to be found in the Constitution."
Question: When was the daily congestion charge in London implemented?
Sentence: In 2003, a congestion charge was introduced to reduce traffic volumes in the city centre.
Question: How much money did Spectre make in its first weekend in the US and Canada?
Sentence: The film ended up grossing $70.4 million in its opening weekend (about $20 million less than Skyfall's $90.6 million debut, including IMAX previews), but nevertheless finished first at the box office.
Question: What resulted in the massacre of Jews?
Sentence: According to a 2008 study published in the American Journal of Human Genetics, 19.8% of the modern Iberian population has Sephardic Jewish ancestry, indicating that the number of conversos may have been much higher than originally thought.
Question: Where was Tito serioiusly wounded and captured by the Russians at?
Sentence: On 25 March 1915, while in Bukovina, he was seriously wounded and captured by the Russians.
Question: How many credits were needed for an M.Sc. from a traditional university prior to the Bologna Process?
Sentence: from a normal university required 160 credits.
Question: What is it called if you mistake a reflection in a mirror for the real thing?
Sentence: Presentational immediacy, on the other hand, is what is usually referred to as "pure sense perception", unmediated by any causal or symbolic interpretation, even unconscious interpretation.
Question: Who endorsed a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably after opposition to the official name change?
Sentence: " Opposition to the name change led to the reversal of the decision, and Professor Ehsan Yarshater, editor of Encyclopædia Iranica, propagated a move to use Persia and Iran interchangeably.
Question: When was McVeigh executed?
Sentence: The two men were convicted of the bombing: McVeigh was sentenced to death and executed by the federal government on June 11, 2001; his partner Nichols is serving a sentence of life in prison without the possibility of parole.
Question: Will birds often mob animals that do not pose a threat?
Sentence: It should also be noted that some species can be on both ends of a mobbing attack.
Question: On what day was London itself attacked?
Sentence: Civilian casualties on London throughout the Blitz amounted to 28,556 killed, and 25,578 wounded.
Question: By not going back to Poland Chopin became part of what?
Sentence: Chopin arrived in Paris in late September 1831; he would never return to Poland, thus becoming one of many expatriates of the Polish Great Emigration.
Question: What are probably the primary forces of nature which shaped human races?
Sentence: Forensic physical anthropologist and professor George W. Gill has said that the idea that race is only skin deep "is simply not true, as any experienced forensic anthropologist will affirm" and "Many morphological features tend to follow geographic boundaries coinciding often with climatic zones.
Question: Which theater company was founded by several Northwestern alumni in 1988?
Sentence: Its umbrella organization—the Student Theatre Coalition, or StuCo, organizes nine student theatre companies, multiple performance groups and more than sixty independent productions each year.
Question: What Roman construction material has continued to be a mystery to this day?
Sentence: Over time, Roman architecture was modified as their urban requirements changed, and the civil engineering and building construction technology became developed and refined.
Question: What term came into use in Victorian times to designate the pub landlord?
Sentence: The term publican (in historical Roman usage a public contractor or tax farmer) has come into use since Victorian times to designate the pub landlord.
Question: What could the king do to nobles injured or taken during war?
Sentence: Finally, this privilege obliged the King to pay indemnities to nobles injured or taken captive during a war outside Polish borders.
Question: In what medium does the Pourbaix diagram change when carbonate anions interact with uranium(VI)?
Sentence: The interactions of carbonate anions with uranium(VI) cause the Pourbaix diagram to change greatly when the medium is changed from water to a carbonate containing solution.
Question: The salinity of what in the region was long recognized as a major problem?
Sentence: This greatly upset the balance of power within the region, weakening the areas where Sumerian was spoken, and comparatively strengthening those where Akkadian was the major language.
Question: When did Digimon begin airing in America?
Sentence: The first Digimon television series, which began airing on March 7, 1999 in Japan on Fuji TV and Kids Station and on August 14, 1999 in the United States on Fox Kids dubbed by Saban Entertainment for the North American English version.
Question: Which nationalities worked together in the Battle of Umm Qasr?
Sentence: Many insurgency leaders are Islamists and claim to be fighting a religious war to reestablish the Islamic Caliphate of centuries past.
Question: In what year was the Richmond street grid first developed?
Sentence: Nearby neighborhoods include Shockoe Bottom, the historically significant and low-lying area between Shockoe Hill and Church Hill, and Monroe Ward, which contains the Jefferson Hotel.
Question: How many Japanese forces were likely to be destroyed?
Sentence: The plan was likely to result in the destruction of one or more of the Japanese forces, but Toyoda justified it by saying that there would be no sense in saving the fleet and losing the Philippines.
Question: Why do Oriental Patriarchs sign this way?
Sentence: Some writers, such as James-Charles Noonan, hold that, in the case of cardinals, the form used for signatures should be used also when referring to them in English.
Question: In what month did Tucson get the most rain?
Sentence: The most snow received in one year was 8.3 in (21 cm) and the most snow in one month was 6.8 in (17 cm) in December 1971.
Question: The segregation of science writing means that articles in those subjects primarily appear where?
Sentence: Now, science appears mostly in journals.
Question: What type of weather does Seattle have in the winter months?
Sentence: Seattle experiences its heaviest rainfall during the months of November, December and January, receiving roughly half of its annual rainfall (by volume) during this period.
Question: In what early technology was bitumen used?
Sentence: Bitumen was used in early photographic technology.
Question: What do hydrides that are bridging ligands link up?
Sentence: In inorganic chemistry, hydrides can also serve as bridging ligands that link two metal centers in a coordination complex.
Question: A Piccolo and trombones provides the illusion of storm and what in Beethoven's Sixth Symphony?
Sentence: The Ninth asks for a second pair of horns, for reasons similar to the "Eroica" (four horns has since become standard); Beethoven's use of piccolo, contrabassoon, trombones, and untuned percussion—plus chorus and vocal soloists—in his finale, are his earliest suggestion that the timbral boundaries of symphony should be expanded.
Question: What did Govenor Bush Realize
Sentence: Three years later, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) announced it had chosen Florida for its newest expansion.
Question: What battle is considered the US's first significant fight in the Korean War?
Sentence: The Battle of Osan, the first significant American engagement of the Korean War, involved the 540-soldier Task Force Smith, which was a small forward element of the 24th Infantry Division which had been flown in from Japan.
Question: What percentage of NH grants in Missouri went to Washington University?
Sentence: Governmental agencies and non-profit foundations such as the NIH, United States Department of Defense, National Science Foundation, and NASA provide the majority of research grant funding, with Washington University being one of the top recipients in NIH grants from year-to-year.
Question: What glass-like material is made with a method related to glazing?
Sentence: The earliest known glass objects, of the mid third millennium BCE, were beads, perhaps initially created as accidental by-products of metal-working (slags) or during the production of faience, a pre-glass vitreous material made by a process similar to glazing.
Question: Who was featured in the movie "Skin"?
Sentence: She was the subject of the 2008 biographical dramatic film Skin, which won numerous awards.
Question: What act was put in place during the Napoleonic wars and the war of 1812?
Sentence: The Embargo Act of 1807, adopted during the Napoleonic Wars, and the War of 1812 significantly curtailed Boston's harbor activity.
Question: What college did BYU separate from to become its own entity?
Sentence: The suggestion received a large amount of opposition, with many members of the Board saying that the school wasn't large enough to be a university, but the decision ultimately passed.
Question: How many peaks are over 4,000 feet in WV?
Sentence: In Pennsylvania, there are over sixty summits that rise over 2,500 ft (800 m); the summits of Mount Davis and Blue Knob rise over 3,000 ft (900 m).
Question: What area had the largest Protestant population in 2010?
Sentence: In 2010, a total of more than 800 million included 300 million in Sub-Saharan Africa, 260 million in the Americas, 140 million in Asia-Pacific region, 100 million in Europe and 2 million in Middle East-North Africa.
Question: To take a train to Southampton Airport, what railway station would you need to go through?
Sentence: It offers flights to UK and near European destinations, and is connected to the city by a frequent rail service from Southampton Airport (Parkway) railway station, and by bus services.
Question: What was Frédéric's favorite environment to perform in?
Sentence: Chopin's music soon found success with publishers, and in 1833 he contracted with Maurice Schlesinger, who arranged for it to be published not only in France but, through his family connections, also in Germany and England.
Question: In what month did Cao Cao die?
Sentence: By December his son Cao Pi (187–226 AD) had Emperor Xian relinquish the throne to him and is known posthumously as Emperor Wen of Wei.
Question: What school of thought saw emotion as an impediment to virtue?
Sentence: In stoic theories it was seen as a hindrance to reason and therefore a hindrance to virtue.
Question: How old was Chopin when he began to perform for the public?
Sentence: It quickly became apparent that he was a child prodigy.
Question: When did Julian become Augustus?
Sentence: Julian became Augustus in 361 and actively but vainly fostered a religious and cultural pluralism, attempting a restitution of non-Christian practices and rights.
Question: Why is being a charity beneficial to Eton?
Sentence: As a charity, it benefits from substantial tax breaks.
Question: What was very important to the polish nobility?
Sentence: Its heraldic system evolved together with its neighbours in Central Europe, while differing in many ways from the heraldry of other European countries.
Question: How were the work oppurtunies for parents during this time period?
Sentence: Due to poor employment opportunities for many parents, sending their children to work on farms and in factories was a way to help feed and support the family.
Question: How long does the identification process take?
Sentence: While the microorgainsim is being identified the doctor will usually administer the best choice of antibiotic that will be most active against the likely cause of infection usually a broad spectrum antibiotic.
Question: The atomic bomb was a part of which movement?
Sentence: Though the process had begun with the invention of the cyclotron by Ernest O. Lawrence in the 1930s, physics in the postwar period entered into a phase of what historians have called "Big Science", requiring massive machines, budgets, and laboratories in order to test their theories and move into new frontiers.
Question: What uses a model of the sound's generator?
Sentence: Other types of lossy compressors, such as the linear predictive coding (LPC) used with speech, are source-based coders.
Question: Over what span of time have the rules for written Dutch become less complicated?
Sentence: In the spoken language cases and case inflections had already gradually disappeared from a much earlier date on (probably the 15th century) as in many continental West Germanic dialects.
Question: What other location does the Canada First Defence Strategy Cover?
Sentence: Based on that strategy, the Canadian military is oriented and being equipped to carry out six core missions within Canada, in North America and globally.
Question: What year did a change in DST policy cost North America somewhere between $500 million and $1 billion in extra work?
Sentence: Although it has been argued that clock shifts correlate with decreased economic efficiency, and that in 2000 the daylight-saving effect implied an estimated one-day loss of $31 billion on US stock exchanges, the estimated numbers depend on the methodology.
Question: Why did Gaddis Smith believe John Kerry led Yale's Political Union Liberal Party?
Sentence: Yale historian Gaddis Smith notes "an ethos of organized activity" at Yale during the 20th century that led John Kerry to lead the Yale Political Union's Liberal Party, George Pataki the Conservative Party, and Joseph Lieberman to manage the Yale Daily News.
Question: On what occasions are š and ž replaced with sh and zh?
Sentence: Where it is very impractical or impossible to type š and ž, they are substituted with sh and zh in some written texts, although this is considered incorrect.
Question: What areas experience periodic flooding from rapid snowmelt and runoff?
Sentence: The areas that are not arid and receive high precipitation experience periodic flooding from rapid snowmelt and runoff.
Question: What group does the inverse of gN include?
Sentence: This definition is motivated by the idea (itself an instance of general structural considerations outlined above) that the map G → G / N that associates to any element g its coset gN be a group homomorphism, or by general abstract considerations called universal properties.
Question: What did Alan Blumlein event?
Sentence: EMI cut the first stereo test discs using the system in 1933 (see Bell Labs Stereo Experiments of 1933) although the system was not exploited commercially until much later.
Question: What civil war did Nasser become entangled in?
Sentence: Following Egypt's defeat by Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, Nasser resigned, but he returned to office after popular demonstrations called for his reinstatement.
Question: When did the developer preview expire?
Sentence: Originally set to expire on March 11, 2012, in February 2012 the Developer Preview's expiry date was changed to January 15, 2013.
Question: Paperback of the Year award from Bestsellers magazine was awarded when?
Sentence: It also won the Brotherhood Award of the National Conference of Christians and Jews in the same year, and the Paperback of the Year award from Bestsellers magazine in 1962.
Question: Who was defeated at the Battle of the Wabash?
Sentence: After the war, though, the Continental Army was quickly given land certificates and disbanded in a reflection of the republican distrust of standing armies.
Question: How many Muslim nations require women to cover their legs, shoulders, or whole body?
Sentence: Some Muslims oppose this charge, and instead declare that the media in these countries presses on women to reveal too much in order to be deemed attractive, and that this is itself sexist and oppressive.
Question: John XXIII continued the gradual reform of what?
Sentence: In response to the directives of the Second Vatican Council, later editions of the Roman Missal present the 1970 form of the Roman Rite.
Question: How many segments make up an insects abdomen?
Sentence: The abdomen is the largest tagma of the insect, which typically consists of 11–12 segments and is less strongly sclerotized than the head or thorax.
Question: What year did Pop Idol make its television debut?
Sentence: American Idol was based on the British show Pop Idol created by Simon Fuller, which was in turn inspired by the New Zealand television singing competition Popstars.
Question: How many main systems of Hindu philosophy are there?
Sentence: The mainstream Hindu philosophy includes six systems (ṣaḍdarśana) –
Question: Up to how many former slaves began fighting with for the Union after the Emancipation Proclamation?
Sentence: Thus, Tennessee was not among the states enumerated in the Proclamation, and the Proclamation did not free any slaves there.
Question: How did George H. W. Bush describe Harvard's reputation?
Sentence: When challenged on the distinction between Dukakis's Harvard connection and his own Yale background, he said that, unlike Harvard, Yale's reputation was "so diffuse, there isn't a symbol, I don't think, in the Yale situation, any symbolism in it" and said Yale did not share Harvard's reputation for "liberalism and elitism".
Question: What did the female descendants of Argos have to accomplish ?
Sentence: These Cilicians seem to have been called Dananiyim, the same word as Danaoi who attacked Egypt in 1191 BC along with the Quaouash (or Weshesh) who may be Achaeans.
Question: Krispy kreme is a chain of what kind of stores?
Sentence: Krispy Kreme, an international chain of doughnut stores, was started in North Carolina; the company's headquarters are in Winston-Salem.
Question: What did church authorities gain as a result of this edict?
Sentence: One of the outcomes of this blurring of Church and state was the sharing of state powers of legal enforcement with church authorities.
Question: A surge in hormone production triggers a number of physical changes during what stage of life?
Sentence: The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals.
Question: The extent of what by the perpetrators was considered in an examination of their activity and level of control?
Sentence: While this factor alone will not indicate whether the targeted group is substantial, it can—in combination with other factors—inform the analysis."
Question: Which cities are called Stadtstaaten, other than Bremen?
Sentence: Since today's Germany was formed from an earlier collection of several states, it has a federal constitution, and the constituent states retain a measure of sovereignty.
Question: How much of the person is needed to fully engage in a ecumenical dialogue according to Paul VI?
Sentence: But the Catholic Church itself recognized from the many previous ecumenical encounters, that much needed to be done within, to be an open partner for ecumenism.
Question: What does the massed snow in Antarctica produce?
Sentence: Precipitation is low (most of Antarctica is a desert) and almost always in the form of snow, which accumulates and forms a giant ice sheet which covers the land.
Question: Where is the Detroit Zoo?
Sentence: Other sites of interest are the Detroit Zoo in Royal Oak, the Cranbrook Art Museum in Bloomfield Hills, the Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory on Belle Isle, and Walter P. Chrysler Museum in Auburn Hills.
Question: Westminster Abbey was the third highest place of learning after which two places?
Sentence: Until the 19th century, Westminster was the third seat of learning in England, after Oxford and Cambridge.
Question: What beans are used to make falafel?
Sentence: Fried onions can be also added to koshari.
Question: What does the local water ways regulate in the Seattle area?
Sentence: Despite being on the margin of the rain shadow of the Olympic Mountains, the city has a reputation for frequent rain.
Question: In what century did the Roman Empire achieve its greatest extent?
Sentence: Military expenses increased steadily during the 3rd century, mainly in response to the war with Sassanid Persia, which revived in the middle of the 3rd century.
Question: What is the name of the componds that has more than one alcohol functional group?
Sentence: Polyols, compounds containing more than one alcohol functional group, generally interact with cupric salts.
Question: What is thought of as a basic perceptual coding technique?
Sentence: LPC may be thought of as a basic perceptual coding technique: reconstruction of an audio signal using a linear predictor shapes the coder's quantization noise into the spectrum of the target signal, partially masking it.
Question: What position did J. H. Thomas hold?
Sentence: One of the few stirs arose when the Canadian Prime Minister, R. B. Bennett, considered the Duke for Governor General of Canada in 1931—a proposal that King George V rejected on the advice of the Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, J. H. Thomas.
Question: What populations is the individual closely related to?
Sentence: The data indicate that the individual was from a population directly ancestral to present South American and Central American Native American populations, and closely related to present North American Native American populations.
Question: Who says Russian has 6 vowels?
Sentence: (The hard consonants are often velarized, especially before front vowels, as in Irish).
Question: When did Beyonce leave Destiny's Child and become a solo singer?
Sentence: Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she performed in various singing and dancing competitions as a child, and rose to fame in the late 1990s as lead singer of R&B girl-group Destiny's Child.
Question: What is this cultural movement called that involves a shift in gender relations mainly involving women?
Sentence: Social conflict and the development of technologies can produce changes within a society by altering social dynamics and promoting new cultural models, and spurring or enabling generative action.
Question: How does the manufacturing process differ between heavyweight and normal vinyl?
Sentence: Manufacturing processes are identical regardless of weight.
Question: Which direction does the M6 motorway run?
Sentence: The M58 crosses the southernmost part of the county from the M6 near Wigan to Liverpool via Skelmersdale.
Question: How many performers are in the Tucson Folk Festival?
Sentence: Organized by the Tucson Kitchen Musicians Association, volunteers make this festival possible.
Question: What branch of the military did Kerry join?
Sentence: Kerry enlisted in the Naval Reserve in 1966, and during 1968–1969 served an abbreviated four-month tour of duty in South Vietnam as officer-in-charge (OIC) of a Swift Boat.
Question: How was the ship carrying a predominant deity moved around during the jubilee?
Sentence: Aboard the ship would the marriage of a man and woman be consummated as a fertility ritual.
Question: What nullified patent claims of EDVAC designers?
Sentence: The paper, whose premature distribution nullified the patent claims of EDVAC designers J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly, described a computer architecture in which the data and the program are both stored in the computer's memory in the same address space.