xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: What are mutations that lead to amino acid sequence changes but leave the protein functioning similarly called?
Sentence: Some mutations do not change the amino acid sequence because multiple codons encode the same amino acid (synonymous mutations).
Question: What percent of asthma cases in adults are work-related?
Sentence: It is estimated that 5–25% of asthma cases in adults are work–related.
Question: Where was quantum mechanics developed?
Sentence: Also, my work on various forms of operator theory, Berlin 1930 and Princeton 1935–1939; on the ergodic theorem, Princeton, 1931–1932."
Question: Now days, many interested people find a Masonic Lodge using what?
Sentence: In modern times, interested people often track down a local Lodge through the Internet.
Question: What two regions do some linguists divide Russian into?
Sentence: Some linguists divide the dialects of Russian into two primary regional groupings, "Northern" and "Southern", with Moscow lying on the zone of transition between the two.
Question: How long did it actually take Whitehead and Russell to complete Principia Mathematica?
Sentence: Whitehead and Russell had thought originally that Principia Mathematica would take a year to complete; it ended up taking them ten years.
Question: What were the group of friends of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra called?
Sentence: The new King and his wife Queen Alexandra had always been at the forefront of London high society, and their friends, known as "the Marlborough House Set", were considered to be the most eminent and fashionable of the age.
Question: Up until when did physical anthropology texts still argue that biological races exist?
Sentence: In contrast, biology textbooks did not undergo such a reversal but many instead dropped their discussion of race altogether.
Question: Who established the Berg-Schola?
Sentence: After the Treaty of Trianon the institute had to be moved to Sopron.
Question: Under whom was Russia declared an empire?
Sentence: Catherine II (the Great), who ruled in 1762–96, extended Russian political control over the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and incorporated most of its territories into Russia during the Partitions of Poland, pushing the Russian frontier westward into Central Europe.
Question: The CCU holds, in addition to a music theater, what?
Sentence: UNAM's main campus, also in the southern part of the city, is home to the Centro Cultural Universitario (the University Culture Center)
Question: What is the common term for copyright infringement?
Sentence: While copyright is created the instance a work is fixed, generally the copyright holder can only get money damages if the owner registers the copyright.[citation needed]
Question: How tall is Quirauk Mountain?
Sentence: The Blue Ridge Mountains, rising in southern Pennsylvania and there known as South Mountain, attain elevations of about 2,000 ft (600 m) in that state.
Question: In the Orthodox church, what types of icons are allowed to be venerated and prayed before?
Sentence: According to Orthodox piety and traditional practice, however, believers ought to pray before and venerate only flat, two-dimensional icons, and not three-dimensional statues.
Question: Who was the founder of the city of Bern?
Sentence: According to the local legend, based on folk etymology, Berchtold V, Duke of Zähringen, the founder of the city of Bern, vowed to name the city after the first animal he met on the hunt, and this turned out to be a bear.
Question: Who founded the Order of St. George?
Sentence: This new-found ethos can be seen as a response to the diminishing military role of the aristocracy, and gradually it became almost entirely detached from its military origin.
Question: For which sports team category does Houston not have a team ?
Sentence: The Houston Dynamo are a Major League Soccer (MLS) franchise that has been based in Houston since 2006 after they won two MLS Cup titles in 2006 and 2007.
Question: Where does Miami rank in population among US cities?
Sentence: Miami is the 42nd-most populous city in the United States.
Question: The British East India Company was dissolved by which act?
Sentence: Pitt's India Act of 1784 and the Charter Act of 1813 which regulated the Company's affairs and established the sovereignty of the Crown over the territories that it had acquired.
Question: In which year did Benito Juarez die?
Sentence: After the death of the president Benito Juárez in 1872, the first magistracy of the country was occupied by the vice-president Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, who called for new elections.
Question: The Golden Boot is made of sterling silver, silver gilt and which semi-precious stone?
Sentence: Its main body is solid sterling silver and silver gilt, while its plinth is made of malachite, a semi-precious stone.
Question: The Dilwara Temples are a pilgrimage site for whom?
Sentence: Its features include the ruins of the Indus Valley Civilization at Kalibanga; the Dilwara Temples, a Jain pilgrimage site at Rajasthan's only hill station, Mount Abu, in the ancient Aravalli mountain range; and, in eastern Rajasthan, the Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur, a World Heritage Site known for its bird life.
Question: The seven years' war  changed the British state focus from trade to protecting  europe and defending  which colonies?
Sentence: In 1742, fearing the monetary consequences of a war, the British government agreed to extend the deadline for the licensed exclusive trade by the company in India until 1783, in return for a further loan of £1 million.
Question: What would wolves have gotten from living with humans?
Sentence: Wolves, and their dog descendants, would have derived significant benefits from living in human camps—more safety, more reliable food, lesser caloric needs, and more chance to breed.
Question: Who was Detroit's first black mayor?
Sentence: In 1973, the city elected its first black mayor, Coleman Young.
Question: What sea plankton doe many sea creatures rely on to live?
Sentence: Some species of marine animals exist and rely, directly or indirectly, on the phytoplankton.
Question: What year did the government of Zhejiang recognise folk religion as 'civil religion'?
Sentence: Buddhism has an important presence since its arrival in Zhejiang 1,800 years ago.
Question: Why do sexual organisms have two copies of each chromosome?
Sentence: Sexual organisms have two copies of each chromosome because they inherit one complete set from each parent.:1
Question: What battleship sunk in the Havana Harbor?
Sentence: A pro-independence movement in Cuba was supported by the U.S., and Cuban guerrilla leaders wanted annexation to the United States, but Cuban revolutionary leader José Martí called for Cuban nationhood.
Question: What is the name of the commission who concluded the financial crisis was avoidable?
Sentence: The Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission concluded that the financial crisis was avoidable and was caused by "widespread failures in financial regulation and supervision", "dramatic failures of corporate governance and risk management at many systemically important financial institutions", "a combination of excessive borrowing, risky investments, and lack of transparency" by financial institutions, ill preparation and inconsistent action by government that "added to the uncertainty and panic", a "systemic breakdown in accountability and ethics", "collapsing mortgage-lending standards and the mortgage securitization pipeline", deregulation of over-the-counter derivatives, especially credit default swaps, and "the failures of credit rating agencies" to correctly price risk.
Question: What are two other languages in the Finnic branch?
Sentence: Estonian belongs to the Finnic branch of the Uralic languages, along with Finnish, Karelian, and other nearby languages.
Question: Who led the 93rd Highlanders?
Sentence: Commanding them was Sir Colin Campbell.
Question: Did bribery work in convincing Liberius to believe the Arians?
Sentence: He sent expensive presents, too, if he were to accept the Arian position but were refused.
Question: What case centered around a bootlegger caught through phone tapping?
Sentence: In the 1927 case Olmstead v. United States, in which a bootlegger was caught through telephone tapping, the United States Supreme Court ruled that FBI wiretaps did not violate the Fourth Amendment as unlawful search and seizure, as long as the FBI did not break into a person's home to complete the tapping.
Question: By what date did Sony correct the issue with the system clock?
Sentence: By March 2 (UTC), 2010, owners of original PS3 models could connect to PSN successfully and the clock no longer showed December 31, 1999.
Question: As of 2011, what percentage of original Telemundo programming was filmed in Miami?
Sentence: Miami is a major television production center, and the most important city in the U.S. for Spanish language media.
Question: What was the most accurate clock-like device in the ancient world?
Sentence: The most precise timekeeping device of the ancient world was the water clock, or clepsydra, one of which was found in the tomb of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep I (1525–1504 BC).
Question: What is Brasilia's proper city population?
Sentence: The name 'Brasília' is commonly used as a synonym for the Federal District through synecdoche; However, the Federal District is composed of 31 administrative regions, only one of which is Brasília proper, with a population of 209,926 in a 2011 survey; Demographic publications generally do not make this distinction and list the population of Brasília as synonymous with the population of the Federal District, considering the whole of it as its metropolitan area.
Question: What were Sun staff accused of in a 2014 trial?
Sentence: All six were charged with conspiring to commit misconduct in a public office.
Question: Where is the oldest settlement in America?
Sentence: In 1565, the Spaniards, by way of Juan Ponce de León, founded St. Augustine, Florida, and as of the early 1800s, it became the oldest continuously occupied European settlement in the continental United States.
Question: What was the beginning of psychology classified as?
Sentence: The year 1879 is commonly seen as the start of psychology as an independent field of study.
Question: What state was in a conflict with Eastern Wu, and Shu Han?
Sentence: After Cao's defeat at the naval Battle of Red Cliffs in 208 AD, China was divided into three spheres of influence, with Cao Cao dominating the north, Sun Quan (182–252 AD) dominating the south, and Liu Bei (161–223 AD) dominating the west.
Question: For which New Haven neighborhood did the Orange Street bike lane provide a connection to downtown?
Sentence: The city has created recommended bike routes for getting around New Haven, including use of the Canal Trail and the Orange Street lane.
Question: How many iMac units sold in the first 139 days?
Sentence: More than 140,000 pre-orders were placed before it started shipping in September, and by October proved to be a large success.
Question: What event caused Beyonce's depression?
Sentence: Beyoncé experienced depression following the split with Luckett and Roberson after being publicly blamed by the media, critics, and blogs for its cause.
Question: What big event takes place in San Diego in November?
Sentence: San Diego's Spanish and Mexican heritage is reflected in the many historic sites across the city, such as Mission San Diego de Alcala and Old Town San Diego State Historic Park.
Question: What issue has moved to the forefront in recent years?
Sentence: This major shift in architecture has also changed architecture schools to focus more on the environment.
Question: When is the Irish Taoiseach renominated?
Sentence: (Some constitutional experts have questioned whether this process is actually in keeping with the provisions of the Irish constitution, which appear to suggest that a taoiseach should remain in office, without the requirement of a renomination, unless s/he has clearly lost the general election.)
Question: When was the finale aired?
Sentence: In the May 23 season finale, Jordin Sparks was declared the winner with the runner-up being Blake Lewis.
Question: What Italian Prime Minister attended Yale?
Sentence: Among the best-known are U.S. Presidents William Howard Taft, Gerald Ford, George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush; royals Crown Princess Victoria Bernadotte, Prince Rostislav Romanov and Prince Akiiki Hosea Nyabongo; heads of state, including Italian prime minister Mario Monti, Turkish prime minister Tansu Çiller, Mexican president Ernesto Zedillo, German president Karl Carstens, and Philippines president José Paciano Laurel; U.S. Supreme Court Justices Sonia Sotomayor, Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas; U.S. Secretaries of State John Kerry, Hillary Clinton, Cyrus Vance, and Dean Acheson; authors Sinclair Lewis, Stephen Vincent Benét, and Tom Wolfe; lexicographer Noah Webster; inventors Samuel F. B. Morse and Eli Whitney; patriot and "first spy" Nathan Hale; theologian Jonathan Edwards; actors, directors and producers Paul Newman, Henry Winkler, Vincent Price, Meryl Streep, Sigourney Weaver, Jodie Foster, Angela Bassett, Patricia Clarkson, Courtney Vance, Frances McDormand, Elia Kazan, George Roy Hill, Edward Norton, Lupita Nyong'o, Allison Williams, Oliver Stone, Sam Waterston, and Michael Cimino; "Father of American football" Walter Camp, James Franco, "The perfect oarsman" Rusty Wailes; baseball players Ron Darling, Bill Hutchinson, and Craig Breslow; basketball player Chris Dudley; football players Gary Fencik, and Calvin Hill; hockey players Chris Higgins and Mike Richter; figure skater Sarah Hughes; swimmer Don Schollander; skier Ryan Max Riley; runner Frank Shorter; composers Charles Ives, Douglas Moore and Cole Porter; Peace Corps founder Sargent Shriver; child psychologist Benjamin Spock; architects Eero Saarinen and Norman Foster; sculptor Richard Serra; film critic Gene Siskel; television commentators Dick Cavett and Anderson Cooper; New York Times journalist David Gonzalez; pundits William F. Buckley, Jr., and Fareed Zakaria; economists Irving Fischer, Mahbub ul Haq, and Paul Krugman; cyclotron inventor and Nobel laureate in Physics, Ernest Lawrence; Human Genome Project director Francis S. Collins; mathematician and chemist Josiah Willard Gibbs; and businesspeople, including Time Magazine co-founder Henry Luce, Morgan Stanley founder Harold Stanley, Boeing CEO James McNerney, FedEx founder Frederick W. Smith, Time Warner president Jeffrey Bewkes, Electronic Arts co-founder Bing Gordon, and investor/philanthropist Sir John Templeton; pioneer in electrical applications Austin Cornelius Dunham.
Question: Who was eliminated on the Top 3 show?
Sentence: Melinda Doolittle was eliminated in the final three.
Question: Which prophet cared for Mary?
Sentence: Zakariya (Zacharias)
Question: After a bill is assigned a number, what is it made ready for?
Sentence: The Statutes at Large present a chronological arrangement of the laws in the exact order that they have been enacted.
Question: When did the U.S. Supreme Court rule clauses forbidding people from holding public office based on their religion was unenforceable?
Sentence: Such clauses were held by the United States Supreme Court to be unenforceable in the 1961 case of Torcaso v. Watkins, when the court ruled unanimously that such clauses constituted a religious test incompatible with First and Fourteenth Amendment protections.
Question: The last tsar of Russia, Nicholas ll encountered his first elevator at the Hotel Adloin in what city?
Sentence: When Nicholas II of Russia visited the Hotel Adlon in Berlin, his courtiers panicked about who would enter the elevator first, and who would press the buttons.
Question: Which newspaper broke the story about Schwarzenegger's alleged sexual misconduct?
Sentence: Within the last five days before the election, news reports appeared in the Los Angeles Times recounting allegations of sexual misconduct from several individual women, six of whom eventually came forward with their personal stories.
Question: What article, section, and clause of the Constitution requires U.S. presidents to be natural-born citizens?
Sentence: Columbia University law professor Michael Dorf observed that Schwarzenegger's possible lawsuit could ultimately win him the right to run for the office, noting, "The law is very clear, but it’s not 100 percent clear that the courts would enforce that law rather than leave it to the political process."
Question: what do the millions in grants given to news agencies do
Sentence: Millions of dollars of grants to news organizations have funded reporting on education and higher education, including more than $1.4 million to the Education Writers Association to fund training for journalists who cover education.
Question: Which precious metal did Biezma discover?
Sentence: In 1631 Juan Rangel de Biezma discovered a rich vein of silver, and subsequently established San Jose del Parral near the site.
Question: Where were there riots in June 2012?
Sentence: As of June 2012[update], Pakistan's electricity problems were so severe that violent riots were taking place across Punjab.
Question: Who was George's predecessor?
Sentence: The fear that George would be compared unfavourably to his predecessor, Edward VIII, was dispelled.
Question: Why are scholars concerned with analysis of the Gospels over the letters?
Sentence: Although biblical books that are letters, like Greek plays, presumably had one original, the question of whether some biblical books, like the Gospels, ever had just one original has been discussed.
Question: How much land is the state of Alaska provided by the Alaska Statehood Act?
Sentence: The University of Alaska, as a land grant university, also owns substantial acreage which it manages independently.
Question: Which famous clothing company was BYU alumnus Matthew K. McCauley CEO of?
Sentence: BYU alumni in academia include former Dean of the Harvard Business School Kim B. Clark, two time world's most influential business thinker Clayton M. Christensen, Michael K. Young '73, current president of the University of Washington, Matthew S. Holland, current president of Utah Valley University, Stan L. Albrecht, current president of Utah State University, Teppo Felin, Professor at the University of Oxford, and Stephen D. Nadauld, previous president of Dixie State University.
Question: What phrase describing dogs is used in different languages?
Sentence: Dogs have lived and worked with humans in so many roles that they have earned the unique nickname, "man's best friend", a phrase used in other languages as well.
Question: What does hot air solder leveling ensure the coated copper will have?
Sentence: Traditionally, any exposed copper was coated with solder by hot air solder levelling (HASL).
Question: The Republic of Cyprus does not have de jure sovereignty over what two British territories?
Sentence: The occupation is viewed as illegal under international law, amounting to illegal occupation of EU territory since Cyprus became a member of the European Union.
Question: What character in The Great Gatsby wrote editorials for the Yale News?
Sentence: The narrator, Nick Carraway, wrote a series of editorials for the Yale News, and Tom Buchanan was "one of the most powerful ends that ever played football" for Yale.
Question: What kind of government is in operation in the United Kingdom?
Sentence: In India, The Prime Minister is referred to as "Pradhan Mantri", meaning "prime minister".
Question: Who conducted a study about the origins of "Latinos"?
Sentence: According to a study by Dr. Paul Brest, Hispanics or "Latinos" include immigrants who are descendants of immigrants from the countries comprising Central and South America.
Question: Who wrote the poem Die Alpen?
Sentence: Schiller later wrote the play William Tell romanticising Swiss independence.
Question: What farmers use integrated pest management strategies?
Sentence: On monoculture farms, the approach is generally to eradicate associated diversity using a suite of biologically destructive pesticides, mechanized tools and transgenic engineering techniques, then to rotate crops.
Question: Who did Russia help during the Hungarian Revolution?
Sentence: The United Kingdom could not tolerate Russian dominance of Ottoman affairs, as that would challenge the British domination of the eastern Mediterranean.
Question: What was included in this quest for knowledge of the belief system?
Sentence: For the next 70 years, however, neither Valla nor any of his contemporaries thought to apply the techniques of philology to other controversial manuscripts in this way.
Question: Carrefour was boycotted because of which shareholder?
Sentence: Some shoppers who insisted on entering one of the Carrefour stores in Kunming were blocked by boycotters wielding large Chinese flags and hit by water bottles.
Question: What groups of organisms are closely related to each other?
Sentence: These two domains, along with Eukarya, are the basis of the three-domain system, which is currently the most widely used classification system in microbiolology.
Question: How many consecutive years did either the performance or results show rank number one?
Sentence: It holds the distinction of having the longest winning streak in the Nielsen annual television ratings; it became the highest-rated of all television programs in the United States overall for an unprecedented seven consecutive years, or eight consecutive (and total) years when either its performance or result show was ranked number one overall.
Question: What document defines how much money is transferred from the United States to the Marshall Islands?
Sentence: Under terms of the Amended Compact of Free Association, the U.S. is committed to provide US$57.7 million per year in assistance to the Marshall Islands (RMI) through 2013, and then US$62.7 million through 2023, at which time a trust fund, made up of U.S. and RMI contributions, will begin perpetual annual payouts.
Question: What are the women who stormy city halls allowed to do to any passing man?
Sentence: On Carnival Thursday (called "Old Women Day" or "The Women's Day") in commemoration of an 1824 revolt by washer-women, women storm city halls, cut men's ties, and are allowed to kiss any passing man.
Question: Polymophism is a developmental and reproductive what?
Sentence: Other developmental and reproductive variations include haplodiploidy, polymorphism, paedomorphosis or peramorphosis, sexual dimorphism, parthenogenesis and more rarely hermaphroditism.:143
Question: What culture did the peoples who would be called Sumerian have a part in?
Sentence: It has been suggested by them and others, that the Sumerian language was originally that of the hunter and fisher peoples, who lived in the marshland and the Eastern Arabia littoral region, and were part of the Arabian bifacial culture.
Question: What type of knowledge did Schopenhauer believe the ideal to be?
Sentence: He defined the ideal as being mental pictures that constitute subjective knowledge.
Question: What was the name of the cursive script that gave expression to spoken words?
Sentence: Two types of phonetic Japanese script: katakana, a simplified script that was developed by using parts of Chinese characters, was abbreviated to hiragana, a cursive syllabary with a distinct writing method that was uniquely Japanese.
Question: Who was murdered on 6 August, 1936?
Sentence: On 6 August, Falangist soldiers near Guadarrama murdered club president Josep Sunyol, a representative of the pro-independence political party.
Question: In 1941, how did Winston Churchill refer to the mass killings of Russian prisoners of war?
Sentence: In that year, a Polish-Jewish lawyer named Raphael Lemkin, described the policies of systematic murder founded by the Nazis as genocide.
Question: What pub holds the Guinness World Record as the oldest in England?
Sentence: Ye Olde Fighting Cocks in St Albans, Hertfordshire, holds the Guinness World Record for the oldest pub in England, as it is an 11th-century structure on an 8th-century site.
Question: How many people die per year from asthma?
Sentence: As of 2011, 235–330 million people worldwide are affected by asthma, and approximately 250,000–345,000 people die per year from the disease.