xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: How many cultures may have fused together in Eridu?
Sentence: The Sumerian city of Eridu, on the coast of the Persian Gulf, is considered to have been the world's first city, where three separate cultures may have fused — that of peasant Ubaidian farmers, living in mud-brick huts and practicing irrigation; that of mobile nomadic Semitic pastoralists living in black tents and following herds of sheep and goats; and that of fisher folk, living in reed huts in the marshlands, who may have been the ancestors of the Sumerians.
Question: Who took over after Athanasius?
Sentence: Through the influence of the Eusebian faction at Constantinople, an Arian bishop, George of Cappadocia, was now appointed to rule the see of Alexandria.
Question: What did Elizabeth call her past year?
Sentence: The year ended with a lawsuit as the Queen sued The Sun newspaper for breach of copyright when it published the text of her annual Christmas message two days before it was broadcast.
Question: Who wrote a book describing a cold region in 350 B.C.?
Sentence: Aristotle wrote in his book Meteorology about an Antarctic region in c. 350 B.C. Marinus of Tyre reportedly used the name in his unpreserved world map from the 2nd century A.D.
Question: Who implored slaveholders to free their slaves?
Sentence: In connection with the Second Great Awakening, Quaker and Methodist preachers in the South urged slaveholders to free their slaves.
Question: Which police force in London does not typically engage in police activity with the general public?
Sentence: Policing in Greater London, with the exception of the City of London, is provided by the Metropolitan Police Service, overseen by the Mayor through the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime (MOPAC).
Question: What time of day is The Procession?
Sentence: The parade is followed by performances on an outdoor stage, culminating in the burning of an urn in which written prayers have been collected from participants and spectators.
Question: What does CFL stand for?
Sentence: Compact fluorescent lamps (aka 'CFLs') use less power to supply the same amount of light as an incandescent lamp, however they contain mercury which is a dispose hazard.
Question: What is the highest possible color rendering index score?
Sentence: White-balancing is still required to avoid too "warm" or "cool" colors, but this is a simple process that requires only the color temperature in Kelvin as input for modern, digital visual reproduction equipment such as video or still cameras unless it is completely automated.
Question: What style of architecture partially survived the war?
Sentence: Pockets of Georgian architecture survived the war, but much of the city was levelled.
Question: Where was Nasser believed to be a spokesman for the poor and oppressed?
Sentence: The official reason given for the nationalization was that funds from the canal would be used for the construction of the dam in Aswan.
Question: What company made The End of History beer in 2010?
Sentence: The product claimed to be the strongest beer made is Schorschbräu's 2011 Schorschbock 57 with 57,5%.
Question: What did Johannes Kepler's model suggest about the planets?
Sentence: This was followed by the first known model of planetary motion given by Johannes Kepler in the early 17th century, which proposed that the planets follow elliptical orbits, with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse.
Question: How many proteins is typical flagellum consist os?
Sentence: Bacterial species differ in the number and arrangement of flagella on their surface; some have a single flagellum (monotrichous), a flagellum at each end (amphitrichous), clusters of flagella at the poles of the cell (lophotrichous), while others have flagella distributed over the entire surface of the cell (peritrichous).
Question: Why might Sony have reduced the number of ports on the PlayStation 3 before production?
Sentence: The initial prototype shown in May 2005 featured two HDMI ports, three Ethernet ports and six USB ports; however, when the system was shown again a year later at E3 2006, these were reduced to one HDMI port, one Ethernet port and four USB ports, presumably to cut costs.
Question: What is the operational environment that Space Control depends on?
Sentence: Space Control is defined as "operations to ensure freedom of action in space for the US and its allies and, when directed, deny an adversary freedom of action in space.
Question: What was the price per square meter of 660 Madison Avenue in June 2007?
Sentence: According to Forbes, in 2014, Manhattan was home to six of the top ten zip codes in the United States by median housing price.
Question: When did the use of agriculture begin it's spread?
Sentence: Agriculture originated and spread in several different areas including the Middle East, Asia, Mesoamerica, and the Andes beginning as early as 12,000 years ago.
Question: Socioeconomic factors and enduring views on race has led to what for certain racial groups?
Sentence: Socioeconomic factors, in combination with early but enduring views of race, have led to considerable suffering within disadvantaged racial groups.
Question: What are Tibetan Muslims known as?
Sentence: In Tibetan cities, there are small communities of Muslims, known as Kachee (Kache), who trace their origin to immigrants from three main regions: Kashmir (Kachee Yul in ancient Tibetan), Ladakh and the Central Asian Turkic countries.
Question: When did the confinement of Moroccan Jews in mellahs begin?
Sentence: Notable exceptions include the massacre of Jews and forcible conversion of some Jews by the rulers of the Almohad dynasty in Al-Andalus in the 12th century, as well as in Islamic Persia, and the forced confinement of Moroccan Jews to walled quarters known as mellahs beginning from the 15th century and especially in the early 19th century.
Question: When did the Gurkhas come into power?
Sentence: They came into direct conflict with the British along the tarai belt after which the British expelled them from the provinces of the Satluj.
Question: What historical event once again freed Estonia?
Sentence: Estonian went back to being the only state language in Estonia which in practice meant that use of Estonian was promoted while the use of Russian was discouraged.
Question: Where did the Armenians emigrate from?
Sentence: This style preserved the folk songs and dances of Western Armenia, and many artists also played the contemporary popular songs of Turkey and other Middle Eastern countries from which the Armenians emigrated.
Question: What chains typically cater to bargain shoppers?
Sentence: Other large chains are Coppel and Elektra, which offer items for the bargain price seeker.
Question: Distinctive Vinaya and ethics are contained within what sutra?
Sentence: In Japan, this has almost completely displaced the monastic vinaya, and allows clergy to marry.
Question: Where does the state's name mean?
Sentence: Cox complained that the name was a misnomer given that most of the territory was not mountainous and that a Native American name would be more appropriate than a Spanish one.
Question: What replaced the Macintosh Portable in 1991?
Sentence: Although due to considerable design issues, it was soon replaced in 1991 with the first of the PowerBook line: the PowerBook 100, a miniaturized portable; the 16 MHz 68030 PowerBook 140; and the 25 MHz 68030 PowerBook 170.
Question: What types of instruments do irish player prefer?
Sentence: Though almost any variety of acoustic mandolin might be adequate for Irish traditional music, virtually all Irish players prefer flat-backed instruments with oval sound holes to the Italian-style bowl-back mandolins or the carved-top mandolins with f-holes favoured by bluegrass mandolinists.
Question: Where did Britain take slaves it seized from traders?
Sentence: It stopped ships of other nations that were leaving the African coast with slaves; the seized slaves were taken to Freetown, a colony in West Africa originally established for the resettlement of freed slaves from Britain.
Question: Which two world leaders had negotiations that relieved the Cold War?
Sentence: In May 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev negotiated an easing of relations known as detente, creating a temporary "thaw" in the Cold War.
Question: How many students does the University of Houston have?
Sentence: The University of Houston–Clear Lake and the University of Houston–Downtown are stand-alone universities; they are not branch campuses of the University of Houston.
Question: When was the second constitutional convention held?
Sentence: In July 1889, Montanans convened their third constitutional convention and produced a constitution acceptable by the people and the federal government.
Question: How does Forbe's believe the Arsenal club was worth in 2015?
Sentence: Forbes estimates the club was worth $1.3 billion in 2015.
Question: English mysticism was composed of how many elements?
Sentence: This type of mysticism carried with it four elements.
Question: From what millennium do the oldest cemeteries in the Horn of Africa date?
Sentence: The oldest evidence of burial customs in the Horn of Africa comes from cemeteries in Somalia dating back to 4th millennium BC.
Question: Arizona is south of which river?
Sentence: Arizona, south of the Gila River was legally bought from Mexico in the Gadsden Purchase on June 8, 1854.
Question: Why does genocide often go unpunished?
Sentence: Yet is commonly seen to escape the process of trial and prosecution due to the fact that genocide is more often than not committed by the officials in power of a state or area.
Question: Carrefour was boycotted because of which shareholder?
Sentence: In China, a call to boycott French hypermart Carrefour from May 1 began spreading through mobile text messaging and online chat rooms amongst the Chinese over the weekend from April 12, accusing the company's major shareholder, the LVMH Group, of donating funds to the Dalai Lama.
Question: Why was Professor David Graeber retired during the strike?
Sentence: Professor David Graeber was 'retired' after he came to the defense of a student who was involved in campus labor issues.
Question: Which team became the main tenant of the arena in 2008?
Sentence: Chesapeake Energy Arena in downtown is the principal multipurpose arena in the city which hosts concerts, NHL exhibition games, and many of the city's pro sports teams.
Question: What country did the Romans continue to expand to after Rome was sacked?
Sentence: The First Samnite War from 343 BC to 341 BC was relatively short: the Romans beat the Samnites in two battles, but were forced to withdraw before they could pursue the conflict further due to the revolt of several of their Latin allies in the Latin War.
Question: What was the average GPA for the accepted students in 2013?
Sentence: The average GPA for these admitted students was 3.82.
Question: When was the Recommended Exposure Index introduced?
Sentence: The Recommended Exposure Index (REI) technique, new in the 2006 version of the standard, allows the manufacturer to specify a camera model’s EI choices arbitrarily.
Question: When was Louis's Lunch found?
Sentence: Though fiercely debated, the restaurant's founder Louis Lassen is credited by the Library of Congress with inventing the hamburger and steak sandwich.
Question: Under whose reign did the last major building works take place?
Sentence: The last major building work took place during the reign of King George V when, in 1913, Sir Aston Webb redesigned Blore's 1850 East Front to resemble in part Giacomo Leoni's Lyme Park in Cheshire.
Question: How are the three component used to determine sexual orientation?
Sentence: Savin Williams (2006) discusses this issue and notes that by basing findings regarding sexual orientation on a single component, researchers may not actually capture the intended population.
Question: What were the recording standards based off from?
Sentence: He traced RCA Victor characteristics back to the Western Electric "rubber line" recorder in 1925 up to the early 1950s laying claim to long-held recording practices and reasons for major changes in the intervening years.
Question: What does the word "Siddi" derive from?
Sentence: Although it is commonly believed locally that "Siddi" derives from a word meaning "black", the term is actually derived from "Sayyid", the title borne by the captains of the Arab vessels that first brought Siddi settlers to the area.
Question: What popular Samoan band has a number in its name?
Sentence: In music, popular local bands include The Five Stars, Penina o Tiafau and Punialava'a.
Question: When were the Houston Astros formed?
Sentence: expansion team formed in 1962 (known as the "Colt .45s" until 1965) that made one World Series appearance in 2005.
Question: What are some of the outlines of life?
Sentence: In writing her biography of the Buddha, Karen Armstrong noted, "It is obviously difficult, therefore, to write a biography of the Buddha that meets modern criteria, because we have very little information that can be considered historically sound...
Question: How many major mountain ranges are in Oklahoma?
Sentence: Oklahoma has four primary mountain ranges: the Ouachita Mountains, the Arbuckle Mountains, the Wichita Mountains, and the Ozark Mountains.
Question: What farmers are generally less dependent on capital, biotechnology and energy?
Sentence: The control of associated biodiversity is one of the great agricultural challenges that farmers face.
Question: How was the republican sentiment in Britain changed?
Sentence: In late November 1871, at the height of the republican movement, the Prince of Wales contracted typhoid fever, the disease that was believed to have killed his father, and Victoria was fearful her son would die.
Question: What is fat lighter practically impervious to in addition to termites?
Sentence: Structures built of fat lighter are almost impervious to rot and termites; however they are very flammable.
Question: What can citizens use to challenge any law passed by Parliament?
Sentence: Through referendums, citizens may challenge any law passed by parliament and through initiatives, introduce amendments to the federal constitution, thus making Switzerland a direct democracy.
Question: Who was Eduard Lasker?
Sentence: Jewish German Eduard Lasker was a prominent German nationalist figure who promoted the unification of Germany in the mid-19th century.
Question: Whose definition of identity closely follows Erikson's?
Sentence: He also develops the concept of the "metaperspective of self", i.e. the self's perception of the other's view of self, which has been found to be extremely important in clinical contexts such as anorexia nervosa.
Question: Who was Governor of Virginia in 1781
Sentence: In 1775, Patrick Henry delivered his famous "Give me Liberty or Give me Death" speech in St. John's Church in Richmond, crucial for deciding Virginia's participation in the First Continental Congress and setting the course for revolution and independence.
Question: What piece of infrastructure did Nasser propose to nationalize?
Sentence: According to Ramadan, Nasser's decision to nationalize the canal was a solitary decision, taken without consultation.
Question: What is another word for "breed shows"?
Sentence: In conformation shows, also referred to as breed shows, a judge familiar with the specific dog breed evaluates individual purebred dogs for conformity with their established breed type as described in the breed standard.
Question: What fell out of favor during this time?
Sentence: Wood-panelling, very common since about 1500
Question: what did the FCC adopt for the internet?
Sentence: The FCC Chairman, Tom Wheeler, commented, "This is no more a plan to regulate the Internet than the First Amendment is a plan to regulate free speech.
Question: Geechee dances are associated with the music of what type of worker?
Sentence: The geechee dances that accompanied the music of the dock workers in Charleston followed a rhythm that inspired Eubie Blake's "Charleston Rag" and later James P. Johnson's "The Charleston", as well as the dance craze that defined a nation in the 1920s.
Question: When was a coup d'etat staged?
Sentence: Former vice chief of staff, General Mamadu Ture Kuruma, assumed control of the country in the transitional period and started negotiations with opposition parties.
Question: How did British rule effect Indian cotton processing?
Sentence: India's cotton-processing sector gradually declined during British expansion in India and the establishment of colonial rule during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Question: Photo Gallery includes the ability to sort by age, color, or what other unusual criteria for photo software?
Sentence: Notable categorizations are colors, ages, or facial expressions of the people in the photos.
Question: Where is the Göbekli Tepe temple located?
Sentence: This site was developed by nomadic hunter-gatherer tribes, evidenced by the lack of permanent housing in the vicinity and may be the oldest known human-made place of worship.
Question: Which fellow Vienna native was Hayek friends with?
Sentence: In a letter to Hayek in 1944, Popper stated, "I think I have learnt more from you than from any other living thinker, except perhaps Alfred Tarski."
Question: With whom did Dominic travel with to Denmark?
Sentence: In 1203, Dominic joined Prior Diego de Acebo on an embassy to Denmark for the monarchy of Spain, to arrange the marriage between the son of King Alfonso VIII of Castile and a niece of King Valdemar II of Denmark.
Question: In what city are the headquarters of the MoD?
Sentence: The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building.
Question: Suffering, anxiety, unsatisfactoriness, and unease is the translation of what word?
Sentence: The first truth explains the nature of dukkha.
Question: What compound made the diphtheria vaccine safer to use?
Sentence: The first diphtheria vaccines were produced in 1914 from a mixture of diphtheria toxin and antitoxin (produced from the serum of an inoculated animal), but the safety of the inoculation was marginal and it was not widely used.
Question: What kind of island is St. Barts?
Sentence: It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony for any significant length of time; Guadeloupe was under Swedish rule only briefly at the end of the Napoleonic Wars.
Question: What did Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben teach the Continental Army?
Sentence: The Continental Army was created on 14 June 1775 by the Continental Congress as a unified army for the colonies to fight Great Britain, with George Washington appointed as its commander.
Question: What variation of beetle in the Coleoptera order communicate by way of light?
Sentence: Lampyridae in the beetle order Coleoptera communicate with light.
Question: The ring-necked pheasant has been introduced as what kind of bird?
Sentence: Some of these introductions have been deliberate; the ring-necked pheasant, for example, has been introduced around the world as a game bird.
Question: What was Marwan II's name before he became caliph?
Sentence: In 739 a major Berber Revolt broke out in North Africa, which was subdued only with difficulty, but it was followed by the collapse of Umayyad authority in al-Andalus.
Question: Who sat on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric?
Sentence: According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own.
Question: What is the average temperature of Neptune's south pole?
Sentence: The relative "hot spot" is due to Neptune's axial tilt, which has exposed the south pole to the Sun for the last quarter of Neptune's year, or roughly 40 Earth years.
Question: Do people look forward to Cinderella matches?
Sentence: It is considered particularly newsworthy when a top Premier League team suffers an upset defeat, or where the giant-killer is a non-league club, i.e. from outside the professional levels of The Football League.
Question: Which historian argues that traditionalism in a university system hindered attempts to form new views on knowledge and nature?
Sentence: Historians such as Richard S. Westfall have argued that the overt traditionalism of universities inhibited attempts to re-conceptualize nature and knowledge and caused an indelible tension between universities and scientists.
Question: In what century did Old English cease to be used?
Sentence: Old English was not static, and its usage covered a period of 700 years, from the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain in the 5th century to the late 11th century, some time after the Norman invasion.
Question: Along with Roosevelt and Churchill, what political leader decided upon the division of Germany?
Sentence: The actual division of Germany followed the lines that Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin had previously agreed upon.
Question: When did the Hipodromo de Maronas start operating?
Sentence: In the same year, the village of Peñarol was founded.
Question: What male singer featured on several songs from Cry Like a Rainstorm, Howl Like the Wind?
Sentence: The album won over many critics in the need to define AC, and appeared to change the tolerance and acceptance of AC music into mainstream day to day radio play.
Question: These theorems have to assume what theory is correct?
Sentence: However, these theorems assume that general relativity is correct, but general relativity must break down before the universe reaches the Planck temperature, and a correct treatment of quantum gravity may avoid the singularity.
Question: Do scientists know the cause of sexual orientation?
Sentence: Scientists do not know the exact cause of sexual orientation, but they believe that it is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and environmental influences.
Question: What scriptures describe hunting as and acceptable occupation?
Sentence: Hindu scriptures describe hunting as an acceptable occupation, as well as a sport of the kingly.
Question: What is ARP?
Sentence: Many civilians who were unwilling or unable to join the military became members of the Home Guard, the Air Raid Precautions service (ARP), the Auxiliary Fire Service, and many other organisations.
Question: What happened to the dikes the Aztecs built?
Sentence: The Aztecs built dikes to separate the fresh water used to raise crops in chinampas and to prevent recurrent floods.
Question: What was Ivan Pavlov known for?
Sentence: Other important early contributors to the field include Hermann Ebbinghaus (a pioneer in memory studies), Ivan Pavlov (who discovered classical conditioning), William James, and Sigmund Freud.
Question: In what arena was Kalinga a formidable power?
Sentence: Kaḷingan military might was reinstated by Khārabēḷa: under Khārabēḷa's generalship, the Kaḷinga state had a formidable maritime reach with trade routes linking it to the then-Simhala (Sri Lanka), Burma (Myanmar), Siam (Thailand), Vietnam, Kamboja (Cambodia), Malaysia, Borneo, Bali, Samudra (Sumatra) and Jabadwipa (Java).
Question: What percentage of people executed in the United States since 1976 have been African American?
Sentence: However, according to a 2003 Amnesty International report, blacks and whites were the victims of murder in almost equal numbers, yet 80 percent of the people executed since 1977 were convicted of murders involving white victims.
Question: How many counties did New York originally have?
Sentence: The territory now contained within Bronx County was originally part of Westchester County, one of the 12 original counties of the English Province of New York.
Question: How many Allied prisoners did Japan take after the Battle of Singapore?
Sentence: Wavell resigned from ABDACOM on 25 February, handing control of the ABDA Area to local commanders and returning to the post of Commander-in-Chief, India.
Question: How many major hardware revisions has the 360 had?
Sentence: Two major hardware revisions of the Xbox 360 have succeeded the original models; the Xbox 360 S (also referred to as the "Slim") replaced the original "Elite" and "Arcade" models in 2010.