xiangpku/GLUE huggingface dataset:
Question: When did Gaillard fall?
Sentence: John successfully devastated much of Brittany, but did not deflect Philip's main thrust into the east of Normandy.
Question: What is the most commonly abused substance during adolescent years in the U.S.?
Sentence: Following a steady decline, beginning in the late 1990s up through the mid-2000s, illicit drug use among adolescents has been on the rise in the U.S.
Question: Where is the Catalan language mostly located?
Sentence: However, despite being mostly situated in the Iberian Peninsula, Catalan has marked differences with the Ibero-Romance group (Spanish and Portuguese) in terms of pronunciation, grammar, and especially vocabulary; showing instead its closest affinity with Occitan and to a lesser extent Gallo-Romance (French, Franco-Provençal, Gallo-Italian).
Question: In what year was Eisenhower's EDC rejected?
Sentence: As he had threatened the French in their rejection of EDC, he afterwards moved to restore West Germany, as a full NATO partner.
Question: What was the name of Queen's 1977 album?
Sentence: Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested "Queen" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name.
Question: What percentage of the Tuvalu coral has become bleached?
Sentence: The coral bleaching, which includes staghorn corals, is attributed to the increase in water temperature that occurred during the El Niños that occurred from 1998–2000 and from 2000–2001.
Question: What did the need for increased revenue to pay for the Roman army lead to an increase in?
Sentence: The need for revenue led to increased taxes and a decline in numbers of the curial, or landowning, class, and decreasing numbers of them willing to shoulder the burdens of holding office in their native towns.
Question: Hard rock is differentiated from heavy metal by containing more of an influence of what genre?
Sentence: In the 1980s it developed a number of subgenres, often termed extreme metal, some of which were influenced by hardcore punk, and which further differentiated the two styles.
Question: what is the Musee de Orsay known for?
Sentence: Most of France's major universities and grandes écoles are located in Paris, as are France's major newspapers, including Le Monde, Le Figaro, and Libération.
Question: Which film project did Madonna leave because of differences with the director?
Sentence: In 1999 Madonna signed to play a violin teacher in the film Music of the Heart but left the project, citing "creative differences" with director Wes Craven.
Question: How did Bell refer to his partner in his well known line?
Sentence: I want to see you" into the liquid transmitter, Watson, listening at the receiving end in an adjoining room, heard the words clearly.
Question: On September 15 the Luftwaffe made daylight raids on what target in London?
Sentence: On 15 September the Luftwaffe made two large daylight attacks on London along the Thames Estuary, targeting the docks and rail communications in the city.
Question: How does the city prevent flooding?
Sentence: Drainage was engineered through the use of canals and tunnels starting in the 17th century.
Question: While the EIc took over all of India there were, two exception the first being Punjab, what was the Second?
Sentence: The aggressive policies of Lord Wellesley and the Marquis of Hastings led to the Company gaining control of all India (except for the Punjab and Sindh), and some part of the then kingdom of Nepal under the Sugauli Treaty.
Question: What was the microphone coined as?
Sentence: Because of her prominent usage, the microphone design came to be known as the "Madonna mic".
Question: What was the central pond in the forecourt of a Ziggurat for?
Sentence: After a time the Sumerians began to place the temples on top of multi-layered square constructions built as a series of rising terraces, giving rise to the Ziggurat style.
Question: Had there ever been a time where an elector voted for the same candidate to be both president and vice president?
Sentence: All ten electors in the state cast ballots for John Edwards for vice president (John Edwards's name was spelled correctly on all ballots for vice president).
Question: The United States Declaration of Independence mentions which British monarch?
Sentence: While royal assent has not been withheld in the United Kingdom since 1708, it has often been withheld in British colonies and former colonies by governors acting on royal instructions.
Question: Who supervised the Gibson F-5's replication?
Sentence: Numerous modern mandolin makers build instruments that largely replicate the Gibson F-5 Artist models built in the early 1920s under the supervision of Gibson acoustician Lloyd Loar.
Question: What was the name of the convention where Nintendo unveiled its American version of the Famicom?
Sentence: At June 1985's Consumer Electronics Show (CES), Nintendo unveiled the American version of its Famicom.
Question: Where was Bedi retired from?
Sentence: On April 16, a protest was organised in Delhi "against Chinese repression in Tibet", and was broken up by the police.
Question: Sanskrit is a standardized dialect of which language?
Sentence: Sanskrit (/ˈsænskrɪt/; Sanskrit: saṃskṛtam [səmskr̩t̪əm] or saṃskṛta, originally saṃskṛtā vāk, "refined speech") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism, a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism, and a literary language that was in use as a lingua franca in Greater India.
Question: What parties is the color green for?
Sentence: Green is the color for green parties, Islamist parties, Nordic agrarian parties and Irish republican parties.
Question: How many provinces are in the mountain range?
Sentence: The United States Geological Survey (USGS) defines the Appalachian Highlands physiographic division as consisting of thirteen provinces: the Atlantic Coast Uplands, Eastern Newfoundland Atlantic, Maritime Acadian Highlands, Maritime Plain, Notre Dame and Mégantic Mountains, Western Newfoundland Mountains, Piedmont, Blue Ridge, Valley and Ridge, Saint Lawrence Valley, Appalachian Plateaus, New England province, and the Adirondack provinces.
Question: In what decade did film and literature help revive football in Britain?
Sentence: Published in 1992, it formed part of the revival and rehabilitation of football in British society during the 1990s.
Question: What proliferated in the last three decades of the 19th century?
Sentence: By 1898 the American Association for the Advancement of Science was able to report that 48 educational institutions in 13 countries had some curriculum in anthropology.
Question: What is the operational ceiling of the Beaufighter?
Sentence: The Beaufighter had a maximum speed of 320 mph (510 km/h), an operational ceiling of 26,000 ft (7,900 m) and a climb rate of 2,500 ft (760 m) per minute.
Question: What is the benefit of this formation type?
Sentence: However a log-periodic dipole array consists of a number of dipole elements of different lengths in order to obtain a somewhat directional antenna having an extremely wide bandwidth: these are frequently used for television reception in fringe areas.
Question: The work of what classical scientists is caught between being outdated and of literary importance?
Sentence: As advances and specialization have made new scientific research inaccessible to most audiences, the "literary" nature of science writing has become less pronounced over the last two centuries.
Question: Who is the author of The Tale of Genji?
Sentence: Three late tenth century and early eleventh century women presented their views of life and romance at the Heian court in Kagerō Nikki by "the mother of Fujiwara Michitsuna",
Question: What device is often used in conjuntion with the antenna?
Sentence: It is usually used with a radio transmitter or radio receiver.
Question: What is the main difference between black-box testing and white-box testing?
Sentence: The testers are only aware of what the software is supposed to do, not how it does it.
Question: What were licenses called that allowed spirits to be served at temporary premises?
Sentence: Once obtained, licences were jealously protected by the licensees (who were expected to be generally present, not an absentee owner or company), and even "Occasional Licences" to serve drinks at temporary premises such as fêtes would usually be granted only to existing licensees.
Question: What do Orthodox Jewish movements consider all other non-orthodox moments?
Sentence: The Orthodox Jewish movements consider all non-Orthodox Jewish movements to be unacceptable deviations from authentic Judaism; both because of other denominations' doubt concerning the verbal revelation of Written and Oral Torah, and because of their rejection of Halakhic precedent as binding.
Question: What was Mariah Careys position on season 12 of American Idol?
Sentence: This season's judging panel consisted of Randy Jackson, along with Mariah Carey, Keith Urban and Nicki Minaj.
Question: What was the government being accused of?
Sentence: Sudanese Arabs, who controlled the government, were widely referred to as practicing apartheid against Sudan's non-Arab citizens.
Question: How long did the translation effort take?
Sentence: The Tangut Empire was especially efficient in such efforts; exploiting the then newly invented block printing, and with the full support of the government (contemporary sources describe the Emperor and his mother personally contributing to the translation effort, alongside sages of various nationalities), the Tanguts took mere decades to translate volumes that had taken the Chinese centuries to render.[citation needed]
Question: What is attested as a self-identifier in Iranian languages?
Sentence: In Iranian languages, the gentilic is attested as a self-identifier included in ancient inscriptions and the literature of Avesta,[a] and remains also in other Iranian ethnic names such as Alans (Ossetic: Ир – Ir) and Iron (Ossetic:
Question: Where was Jim Foster when he came up with the idea for arena football?
Sentence: Jim Foster, a promotions manager with the National Football League, conceived of indoor football while watching an indoor soccer match at Madison Square Garden in 1981.
Question: What are the three constituents of the medical center at KU?
Sentence: The University of Kansas Medical Center features three schools: the School of Medicine, School of Nursing, and School of Health Professions.
Question: Name the three artists who were in part resonsible for the reemergence of Cubism between 1917 and 1924.
Sentence: The reemergence of Cubism coincided with the appearance from about 1917–24 of a coherent body of theoretical writing by Pierre Reverdy, Maurice Raynal and Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler and, among the artists, by Gris, Léger and Gleizes.
Question: When did Von Neumann get married?
Sentence: In October 1938, von Neumann married Klara Dan, whom he had met during his last trips back to Budapest prior to the outbreak of World War II.
Question: What was the result of the election of two popes at the same time?
Sentence: When the Pope returned to Rome in 1377, this led to the election of different popes in Avignon and Rome, resulting in the Papal Schism (1378–1417).
Question: What force caused the physical damage to components that affected the Apollo program?
Sentence: Differential thermal expansion of the component could put pressure on the leads of the components and the PCB traces and cause physical damage (as was seen in several modules on the Apollo program).
Question: Where did actor Charlton Heston attend school?
Sentence: Amsterdam-based comedy theater Boom Chicago was founded by Northwestern alumni, and the school has become a training ground for future The Second City, I.O., ComedySportz, Mad TV and Saturday Night Live talent.
Question: To what language family does Arabic belong?
Sentence: Many Somalis speak it due to centuries-old ties with the Arab world, the far-reaching influence of the Arabic media, and religious education.
Question: How many CPSU endorsement having candidates lost to independents?
Sentence: While most CPSU-endorsed candidates were elected, more than 300 lost to independent candidates such as Yeltsin, physicist Andrei Sakharov and lawyer Anatoly Sobchak.
Question: Why gram-negative cell bacteria is more toxic than gram-positive bacteria?
Sentence: Most bacteria have the gram-negative cell wall, and only the Firmicutes and Actinobacteria have the alternative gram-positive arrangement.
Question: What makes up Indigenous education?
Sentence: Indigenous education refers to the inclusion of indigenous knowledge, models, methods, and content within formal and non-formal educational systems.
Question: What Nasserist usurped the King of Yemen?
Sentence: Abdullah al-Sallal drove out the king of North Yemen in the name of Nasser's pan-Arabism.
Question: By what year was the Roman Empire split into two sections?
Sentence: By 300 AD the Roman Empire was divided into the Western Roman Empire based in Rome, and the Eastern Roman Empire based in Constantinople.
Question: What year did Blackbeard run his ship aground in North Carolina?
Sentence: In June 1718 Blackbeard, aka Edward Teach, ran his flagship, the Queen Anne's Revenge, aground at Beaufort Inlet, North Carolina, in present-day Carteret County.
Question: What is the name of the Duke who pressured Alexander to make peace with Napoleon?
Sentence: Alexander faced pressure from his brother, Duke Constantine, to make peace with Napoleon.
Question: What are the two branches of the Cordilleran system?
Sentence: The Cordilleran system on the western side of the continent is lofty, broad and complicated having two branches, the Rocky Mountain System and the Pacific Mountain System.
Question: Who particularly noted the unnatural sexual appetites of Africans?
Sentence: In the United States the racial theories of Thomas Jefferson were influential.
Question: How many relays did the Z3 contain?
Sentence: Replacement of the hard-to-implement decimal system (used in Charles Babbage's earlier design) by the simpler binary system meant that Zuse's machines were easier to build and potentially more reliable, given the technologies available at that time.
Question: What type of poses did the book's illustrations portray dinosaurs as?
Sentence: The revisionist paleontologist Robert T. Bakker, who published his findings as The Dinosaur Heresies, treated the mainstream view of dinosaurs as dogma.
Question: What organization called antimicrobial resistance a 'serious threat?'
Sentence: This has led to widespread problems with antimicrobial and antibiotic resistance, so much as to prompt the World Health Organization to classify antimicrobial resistance as a "serious threat [that] is no longer a prediction for the future, it is happening right now in every region of the world and has the potential to affect anyone, of any age, in any country".
Question: What types of income are exempt from Tennessee state income tax?
Sentence: The Tennessee income tax does not apply to salaries and wages, but most income from stock, bonds and notes receivable is taxable.
Question: Who have been studying the impact of climate change and water use?
Sentence: Furthermore, the decrease of glaciated areas combined with a succession of winters with lower-than-expected precipitation may have a future impact on the rivers in the Alps as well as an effect on the water availability to the lowlands.
Question: What are the two type of ta'wil?
Sentence: It is found in all verses, the decisive and the ambiguous alike; it is not a sort of a meaning of the word; it is a fact that is too sublime for words.
Question: How long did Operation Desert Storm last?
Sentence: By 1989 Germany was nearing reunification and the Cold War was coming to a close.
Question: Who is considered the "father of the computer"?
Sentence: Considered the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer in the early 19th century.
Question: How many government operated radio stations exist in the Somaliland region?
Sentence: Additionally, the Somaliland region in the northwest has one government-operated radio station.
Question: Which part of the body relesases estrogen in females?
Sentence: The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen.
Question: Which president was forced to flee?
Sentence: Before President Benito Juárez was forced to flee, Congress granted him an emergency extension of his presidency, which would go into effect in 1865 when his term expired, and last until 1867.
Question: After moving away from mathematics, what subjects did Whitehead explore?
Sentence: Whitehead argued that reality consists of processes rather than material objects, and that processes are best defined by their relations with other processes, thus rejecting the theory that reality is fundamentally constructed by bits of matter that exist independently of one another.
Question: What position did the British Prime Minister's secretary of state previously hold?
Sentence: Hayek received new attention in the 1980s and 1990s with the rise of conservative governments in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada.
Question: What is the standard for EAL6?
Sentence: Many common operating systems meet the EAL4 standard of being "Methodically Designed, Tested and Reviewed", but the formal verification required for the highest levels means that they are uncommon.
Question: What is the most popular method of travel for citizens?
Sentence: As in most other Chinese cities, public transportation is the dominant mode of travel of the majority of the citizens.
Question: Aside from being the home of the monarchy and a tourist attraction, what else is Buckingham Palace known for?
Sentence: Behind the gilded railings and gates which were completed by the Bromsgrove Guild in 1911 and Webb's famous façade, which has been described in a book published by the Royal Collection as looking "like everybody's idea of a palace", is not only a weekday home of the Queen and Prince Philip but also the London residence of the Duke of York and the Earl and Countess of Wessex.
Question: Who invented the concept of a programmable computer?
Sentence: Considered the "father of the computer", he conceptualized and invented the first mechanical computer in the early 19th century.
Question: What is the function of Tyson Research Center?
Sentence: In 2010 the Living Learning Center was named one of the first two buildings accredited nationwide as a "living building" under the Living Building Challenge, opened to serve as a biological research station and classroom for summer students.
Question: What property of zinc is believed to protect against skin aging?
Sentence: It is believed to possess antioxidant properties, which may protect against accelerated aging of the skin and muscles of the body; studies differ as to its effectiveness.
Question: What specific historical event caused a group of religious and verbal differences in South Slavic dialect?
Sentence: The turbulent history of the area, particularly due to expansion of the Ottoman Empire, resulted in a patchwork of dialectal and religious differences.
Question: The remains of an unknown ancient structure found on the River Thames foreshore dated back to approximately what year?
Sentence: In 2010 the foundations of a large timber structure, dated to 4500 BC, were found on the Thames foreshore, south of Vauxhall Bridge.
Question: Where was the second debate for presidency held?
Sentence: The second presidential debate was held at Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, on October 8, moderated by Charles Gibson of ABC.
Question: The Jornado painted onto what surface?
Sentence: The Chichimeca are the ancestors of the Tepehuan people.
Question: When an animal eats plants or another animal that has eaten plants, what happens to the reduced carbon compounds in the food?
Sentence: When an animal eats plants (or eats other animals which have eaten plants), the reduced carbon compounds in the food become a source of energy and building materials for the animal.
Question: Where was Pius XII when he announced Montini's appointment as archbishop?
Sentence: Montini, after a period of preparation, liked his new tasks as archbishop, connecting to all groups of faithful in Milan.
Question: What can scientists learn from the fossil record?
Sentence: Paleobotanists study ancient plants in the fossil record to provide information about the evolutionary history of plants.
Question: What speech did Eisenhower give after Stalin died?
Sentence: Biographer Stephen Ambrose opined that this was the best speech of Eisenhower's presidency.
Question: Who wrote Max Clifford: Read All About It?
Sentence: According to Max Clifford: Read All About It, written by Clifford and Angela Levin, La Salle invented the story out of frustration with Starr who had been working on a book with McCaffrey.
Question: What is the difference between sexual idenity and sexual orientation?
Sentence: Sexual orientation differs from sexual identity in that it encompasses relationships with others, while sexual identity is a concept of self.
Question: What played a large role in King Edward the Confessor's canonisation?
Sentence: None were buried there until Henry III, intensely devoted to the cult of the Confessor, rebuilt the abbey in Anglo-French Gothic style as a shrine to venerate King Edward the Confessor and as a suitably regal setting for Henry's own tomb, under the highest Gothic nave in England.
Question: Cicadas symbolize immortality in what culture?
Sentence: The ancient Chinese regarded cicadas as symbols of rebirth or immortality.
Question: What is the effect of a kaolin coating on the light cast?
Sentence: Kaolin, or kaolinite, is a white, chalky clay in a very fine powder form, that is blown in and electrostatically deposited on the interior of the bulb.
Question: What year was the largest find of copper discovered?
Sentence: Copper is synthesized in massive stars and is present in the Earth's crust at a concentration of about 50 parts per million (ppm), where it occurs as native copper or in minerals such as the copper sulfides chalcopyrite and chalcocite, the copper carbonates azurite and malachite, and the copper(I) oxide mineral cuprite.
Question: What agency pioneered DNA testing?
Sentence: The FBI Laboratory helped develop DNA testing, continuing its pioneering role in identification that began with its fingerprinting system in 1924.
Question: Who developed the ISA?
Sentence: Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis (ISA), is "a structural representation of the individual's existential experience, in which the relationships between self and other agents are organised in relatively stable structures over time … with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions" (Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1).
Question: What office did Sanha hold in 2012?
Sentence: He belonged to PAIGC (African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde), one of the two major political parties in Guinea-Bissau, along with the PRS (Party for Social Renewal).
Question: Along with aggravating factors, what other factors are considered at the second hearing?
Sentence: At the second hearing, the jury determines whether certain statutory aggravating factors exist, whether any mitigating factors exist, and, in many jurisdictions, weigh the aggravating and mitigating factors in assessing the ultimate penalty – either death or life in prison, either with or without parole.
Question: How long was the doctrines of Galen in use for?
Sentence: One mustn't overlook the doctrines of Galen: In use from his life in the 1st century AD until the 17th century, it was heresy to disagree with him for 1500 years.
Question: The website, thesundaytimes.co.uk, provides what kind of content?
Sentence: There are now two websites: thetimes.co.uk is aimed at daily readers, and the thesundaytimes.co.uk site at providing weekly magazine-like content.
Question: How long did absolutist rule last?
Sentence: Thus began six years (1814–1820) of absolutist rule, but the constitution was reinstated during the Trienio Liberal, a period of three years of liberal government in Spain from 1820–1823.