A Gamified Approach to Frame Semantic Role Labeling (2022)

Abstract: Much research has investigated the possibility of creating games with a purpose (GWAPs), i.e., online games whose purpose is gathering information to address the insufficient amount of data for training and testing of large language models (Von Ahn and Dabbish, 2008). Based on such work, this paper reports on the development of a game for frame semantic role labeling, where players have fun while using semantic frames as prompts for short story writing. This game will generate more annotations for FrameNet and original content for annotation, supporting FrameNet’s goal of characterizing the English language in terms of Frame Semantics.

## introduction to create large-scale linguistic resources, linguistic database development projects have turned to crowd-sourcing. games with a purpose (gwaps), games whose purpose is to gather information, are a common approach to crowd-sourcing. gwaps have been used for various tasks in computational linguistics, from anaphoric co-reference identification @xcite to word sense disambiguation @xcite to ontology population @xcite . informed by both the successes and shortcomings of previous games, this paper reports on the development of a game for frame semantic role labeling, ultimately for the framenet project, where players use semantic frames as prompts for short story writing. upon completion of their stories, they also must provide semantic role annotation of their stories. ## background this project focuses on the crowd-sourcing of frame semantic role labeling in framenet. this section provides background information about frame semantics @xcite framenet, and crowdsourcing to understand designing the game.