Table:
0
A
B
C
D
E
1
Rank
City
Population
Definition
Country
2
1
Shanghai
13831900
Core districts + inner suburbs
China
3
2
Seoul
10456034
Special City
South Korea
4
3
Beijing
10123000
Core districts + inner suburbs
China
5
4
Tokyo
8795000
23 special wards area
Japan
6
5
Jakarta
8489910
Special capital district
Indonesia
7
6
Wuhan
8001541 (2006-12-31)
Core districts
China
8
7
Ho Chi Minh City
7123340
Province-level municipality
Vietnam
9
8
Bangkok
7025000
Administrative area
Thailand
10
9
Hong Kong
7008900
The entire territory
Hong Kong
11
10
Guangzhou
6172839 (2006-12-31)
Core districts
China
12
11
Tianjin
5800000
Core districts + inner suburbs
China
13
12
Singapore
4839400
Country
Singapore
14
13
Chongqing
4776027
Core districts
China
15
14
Shenyang
4101197 (2006-12-31)
Core districts
China
16
15
Yangon
4088000
Urban agglomeration
Burma
17
16
Yokohama
3670000
City proper
Japan
18
17
Busan
3596076
Metropolitan City
South Korea
19
18
Pyongyang
3255388
Directly Governed City
North Korea

Questions and formulas:
Question: What rank has a population of 4839400?
Formula: SUM(FILTER(A1, C1=4839400))
Formula2: SUM(FILTER(A2:A19, C2:C19=4839400))
Level: easy
Question: What's the rank of the Province-Level Municipality?
Formula: SUMIFS(A1,D1,"province-level municipality")
Formula2: SUMIFS(A2:A19,D2:D19,"province-level municipality")
Level: easy
Question: What rank was Core Districts + Inner Suburbs and had a population of 10123000?
Formula: SUM(FILTER(A1, (D1="core districts + inner suburbs")*(C1=10123000)))
Formula2: SUM(FILTER(A2:A19, (D2:D19="core districts + inner suburbs")*(C2:C19=10123000)))
Level: easy