陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  判 决 书   （2020）陕01民终15670号 上诉人（原审被告）：蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店。经营者：陈一平。被上诉人（原审原告）：兀广利。上诉人蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店因与被上诉人兀广利买卖合同纠纷一案，不服陕西省蓝田县人民法院（2020）陕0122民初1880号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院于2020年11月13日立案后，依照《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民法院在部分地区开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定》之规定，本案适用普通程序，由审判员季立耘独任审理。本案现已审理终结。蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店上诉请求：1.撤销一审判决，依法改判；2.一、二审诉讼费由兀广利承担。事实和理由：1.其肉食店不是本案适格的主体，不应当承担付款责任，一审法院认定事实、适用法律错误，兀广利的诉讼请求应当予以驳回；2.即便由陈一平个人承担付款责任，一审法院认定的肉类总价款314701元错误，双方之间并没有进行结算，其肉食店也否认欠付肉类价款122048元；3.兀广利涉嫌虚构与其肉食店之间存在肉类买卖关系、虚增债务，兀广利行为涉嫌虚假诉讼。兀广利辩称，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店开始拿货的时候说一月一结账，到月底把帐结完；从2017年9月开始欠其货款，后蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店还继续拿肉，也付着肉钱，所以现付的货款和欠款就混到一块了；无论是蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店还是陈一平都是他的生意，当时是陈一平与其妻在超市里经营，后来陈一平出来开店了，都从自己这里进货；蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店欠其货款属实，有很多款项现在无法提供证据；故，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回。兀广利向一审法院起诉请求：1.蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店支付货款168600元；2.诉讼费由蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店承担。诉讼中，兀广利变更诉讼请求第一项为：由蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店清付货款122048元。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        一审法院认定事实：当事人围绕诉讼请求依法提交了证据，法院组织当事人进行了证据交换和质证。对当事人无异议的证据，法院予以确认并在卷佐证。1.账本6册，证明蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店欠兀广利货款共计314701元；2.银行转账明细1份、微信转账记录3份，证明蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店向兀广利清偿货款176049元；3.蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店称给付兀广利现金16604元。对于当事人有异议的证据，法院认定如下：1.蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店提出2018年4月5日给付兀广利现金7000元，5月20日给付兀广利现金5000元，5月25日给付兀广利现金10000元，大年三十给付兀广利现金5000元，该4笔清偿货款一节，当庭兀广利未予认可，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店未提交切实充分证据证明该4笔清偿货款事实成立，法院不予认定。2.蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店所提出的2017年9月份已清付购买肉类价款70000元，对此兀广利方当庭未予认可，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店也未提交切实充分证据证明此节事实成立，法院不予认定。根据上述证据、结合双方当事人的陈述，一审法院认定以下案件事实：2017年9月起，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店多次从兀广利处购买肉类，价款总计314701元，2017年、2018年蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店通过银行转账清付肉款86149元，通过微信转账清付肉类款89900元，通过现金清付肉类款（含退肘子折价款）16604元，以上合计清付肉类价款192653元，尚有122048元肉类价款未付。一审法院认为，兀广利经营销售大肉，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店为经营需要从兀广利处购买大肉，兀广利、蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店间形成事实上的买卖合同关系，经结算并经陈一平签字确认蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店尚欠兀广利肉类价款122048元，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店应及时、足额向兀广利履行付款义务，但蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店在经兀广利多次催要后仍未清偿货款，已构成违约，兀广利诉请蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店清偿，依法应予支持。综上，一审法院依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第六条、第八条、第六十条、第一百零七条、第一百三十条、第一百五十九条、第一百六十一条规定，作出判决：蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店于判决生效后十日内支付兀广利货款122048元。如果未按判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当按照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费3672元（兀广利已预交），减半收取1836元，由蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店负担。本院二审查明的事实与一审法院查明的事实相同。本院认为，二审中，当事人争议的焦点问题为：蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店是否为本案适格的被告？一审法院认定的货款数额是否妥当？本案中，一审法院已经查明蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店为经营需要自兀广利处采购猪肉、双方之间未签订书面买卖合同、蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店经营者签字确认相关送货单据等事实。一审法院依据兀广利之诉请，结合当事人之间的交易方式、交易习惯，以及已支付货款等情形，认定双方之间买卖合同关系成立，继而判令由蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店支付兀广利欠付的货款，于法有据，并无不当。企业信用信息公示报告显示蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店为个体经营，经营状态为在业，经营者为陈一平，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店称还存在现金支付货款情形、兀广利计算货款有误等，但未提交充分有效证据加以证实，依据本案现有证据，尚不足以认定蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店已清偿完毕全部货款，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店之上诉理由，本院依法不予采信。一审法院就本案所作认定与处理，并无不当。综上所述，蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第（一）项规定，判决如下：驳回上诉，维持原判。二审案件受理费3672元，由上诉人蓝田县汤峪一平肉食店负担。本判决为终审判决。  审   判   员    季 立 耘                        二○二一年二月五日 书   记   员   张    典       附件：《民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点实施办法》第十八条  第二审人民法院审理上诉案件应当组成合议庭审理。但事实清楚、法律适用明确的下列案件，可以由法官一人独任审理：（一）第一审适用简易程序审理结案的；（二）不服民事裁定的。第二十七条 本办法仅适用于北京、上海市辖区内中级人民法院、基层人民法院，南京、苏州、杭州、宁波、合肥、福州、厦门、济南、郑州、洛阳、武汉、广州、深圳、成都、贵阳、昆明、西安、银川市中级人民法院及其辖区内基层人民法院，北京、上海、广州知识产权法院，上海金融法院，北京、杭州、广州互联网法院。本办法所称的人民法院，是指纳入试点的人民法院；所称的第二审人民法院，包括纳入试点的中级人民法院、知识产权法院和金融法院；所称的中级人民法院、基层人民法院包括试点地区内的铁路运输中级法院和基层法院。     1