陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  裁  定  书   (2019)陕01民申865号再审申请人（原审原告）：西安市长安区XX社XX社，住所地西安市长安区。法定代表人：王润身，该信用社理事长。委托诉讼代理人：杨宁，陕西瑞森律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人：陈洁，陕西瑞森律师事务所实习律师。被申请人（原审被告）：张某某，男，1963年10月20日，汉族，住西安市长安区。被申请人（原审被告）：尚月娥，女，1962年9月29日出生，汉族，住西安市。原审被告：李小敏，女，1972年11月16日出生，汉族，住西安市长安区。再审申请人西安市长安农村信用合作联社（以下简称长安信用联社）因与被申请人张某某、尚月娥及原审被告李小敏金融借款合同纠纷一案，不服西安市长安区人民法院（2019）陕0116民初4865号民事判决，向本院申请再审。本院依法组成合议庭进行了审查，现已审查终结。长安信用联社申请再审称，2014年3月24日长安信用联社与李小敏签订《借款合同》约定：由长安信用联社向李小敏发放贷款280000元，借款期限自2014年3月25日至2015年3月24日止，同日长安信用联社与张某某、尚月娥签订《保证担保合同》并约定张某某、尚月娥为上述借款承担连带保证责任。合同到期后借款人、保证人无力偿还贷款，2015年3月13日长安信用联社与李小敏签订《借款展期协议》，将原借款合同的到期日展期至2016年3月20日，同日长安信用联社与张某某、尚月娥签订了《保证担保合同》为上述合同承担连带责任保证。《保证担保合同》约定保证期间为借款到期之日起两年，如借款展期则为展期协议约定的债务履行期限届满之次日起两年，借款展期协议于2016年3月20日到期。因借款人违约，长安信用联社于2016年10月17日向张某某用邮政快递寄了贷款催收通知书，要求其承担保证担保责任，此时保证期间不再计算，自2016年10月18日起开始计算保证合同的诉讼时效，在保证合同的诉讼时效内，长安信用联社又于2018年7月31日向保证人张某某用邮政快递寄了贷款催收通知书，均在法律规定的有效期限内主张了权利。因此，保证期间并未经过，张某某、尚月娥的连带保证担保责任不能免除，原判决认定事实错误，应予改判。长安信用联社依据《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百条第二项规定申请再审。李小敏提交意见称，向长安信用联社借款属实，但现在无力偿还。本院经审查认为，《最高人民法院关于审理民事案件适用时效制度若干问题的规定》第十条规定，有下列情形之一的，应当认定为民法通则第一百四十条规定的“当事人一方提出要求”，产生诉讼时效中断的效力：（一）当事人在文书上签字、盖章或者虽未签字、盖章但能够证明以其他方式证明该文书到达对方当事人的…… 。根据上述规定，债权人向债务人主张权利应当使其主张债权的文书到达债务人，而非仅仅将文书送出或寄出，否则不产生诉讼时效中断的效力。同理，债权人在保证期间内向保证人主张权利亦应使主张权利的文书到达保证人，若不能证明主张权利的文书到达保证人，则不能认定为向保证人主张了权利，亦不产生起算诉讼时效的效力。长安信用联社与借款人李小敏签订的《借款展期协议》约定将借款合同到期日展期至2016年3月20日，保证人张某某、尚月娥与长安信用联社签订《保证担保合同》约定为上述借款承担保证责任的保证期间为借款到期之日起两年，即2016年3月21日至2018年3月20日。原审中，长安信用联社提供了2016年10月17日、2018年7月31日的邮政快递单底单，证明其在保证期间内向保证人张某某、尚月娥主张了权利，保证人张某某、尚月娥的保证责任不能免除，但该邮政快递单为“寄件人存”联，无收件人签收的相关信息，并不能证明催收通知书到达二保证人，即长安信用联社提供的证据不足以证明其在保证期间内向二保证人主张过权利，故长安信用联社于保证期间届满后请求保证人张某某、尚月娥承担保证责任依据不够充足，原判决对其上述诉讼请求不予支持并无当。综上，长安信用联社的再审申请不符合《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百条第二项规定的情形。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百零四条第一款，《最高人民法院关于适用的解释》第三百九十五条第二款规定，裁定如下：驳回西安市长安区XX社XX社的再审申请。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         审 判 长  刘  晓  渭审  判  员  唐      辉审  判  员  陈  媛  媛 二○一九年十二月十日  书 记 员  张      莹  1