陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  判 决 书   （2021）陕01民终5358号 上诉人（原审被告）：周行东。委托诉讼代理人：郑明明，陕西洪振律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人：宋瑜，陕西洪振律师事务所实习律师。被上诉人（原审原告）：石亚银。委托诉讼代理人：贾新云，陕西学进律师事务所律师。上诉人周行东因与被上诉人石亚银合同纠纷一案，不服西安市灞桥区人民法院（2020)陕0111民初4891号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院于2021年2月3日立案后，依照《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民法院在部分地区开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定》之规定，本案适用普通程序，由审判员季立耘独任审理。本案现已审理终结。周行东上诉请求：1.撤销一审判决第一项，发回重审或依法改判；2.一、二审诉讼费用由石亚银承担。事实和理由：1.原审法院认定事实不清。其和石亚银之间是房屋买卖纠纷，而非民间借贷纠纷；双方就房屋买卖协议解除没有达成结算；2.原审法院适用法律错误。原审法院应按照房屋买卖合同纠纷审理，但是却将其不认可的“借条”作为定案依据，主观臆断双方就房屋买卖纠纷进行了结算，适用法律错误。 石亚银辩称，1.双方已经针对买卖房产事宜进行结算，且已经达成了协议，双方之间属于借贷关系；2.从周行东本人提供的微信聊天记录内容可以看出双方具体结算过程，双方也已经进行了结算，其还通过微信转账3122元凑足了450000元的整数，周行东也已收取；3.《借条》出具后，其一直通过微信催要借款，周行东从未否认借贷的事实；4.起初本身就是借款，能谈好就转化为房款，谈不好就是借款。故，应驳回周行东的上诉，维持原判。石亚银向一审法院起诉请求：1.判令周行东返还借款本金450000元及利息（利息以450000元为基数，按照年利率6%自起诉之日起计算至实际清偿之日止）；2.诉讼费由周行东承担。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               一审法院认定事实：石亚银、周行东系医美行业同行，2019年3月30日至4月，石亚银拟购买周行东位于西安市莲湖区未央路23号1幢1单元11104室房屋，先后多次通过银行卡、微信、支付宝转账方式向周行东支付了购房款、装修款以及购买家具款项；同年4月，因周行东妹妹买房向石亚银借款，石亚银向周行东指定账户转账出借；另石亚银、周行东一同旅游，石亚银为周行东垫付机票、旅游费用以及购买药品的款项。2019年6月，石亚银决定不再购买涉案房屋，双方通过微信对上述款项进行了结算，周行东共欠石亚银446878元，6月11日，石亚银向周行东微信转账3122元，与上述结算款项合计450000元，周行东向石亚银出具条据载明“今收到石亚银现金450000元”。一审法院认为，合法的债权债务受到法律保护。石亚银、周行东之间的债权债务已经过双方结算，周行东虽辩称“借条”二字并非其本人书写，手印非其本人所捺，但并未否认其向石亚银出具的条据内容的真实性，且该条据能够与其本人提交的微信聊天记录相互印证，周行东收取石亚银转账的3122元，并向石亚银出具收到450000元现金的条据的行为，应当视为与石亚银达成了合意，认可了其欠石亚银450000元的事实，且其在庭前谈话中亦明确表示愿意还款，只是资金能力不足。故对石亚银主张周行东返还450000元之诉请，法院予以支持。因双方对该450000元未约定利息及还款期限，故石亚银要求周行东承担利息，法院不予支持。综上，一审法院依据《中华人民共和国合同法》第一百九十六条、第二百零六条、第二百零七条，最高人民法院《关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第十五条、第二十九条规定，作出判决：一、周行东于判决生效后十五日内偿还石亚银欠款450000元；二、驳回石亚银的其他诉讼请求。如果未按判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费8050元，减半收取4025元，石亚银已预交。由周行东承担，并同上述款项一并给付石亚银。二审中，当事人没有提交新证据。本院二审查明的事实与一审法院查明的事实相同。本院认为，民事主体的财产权利以及其他合法权益受法律保护。二审中，当事人争议的焦点问题为：石亚银与周行东之间基础法律关系应如何认定？一审法院判令周行东偿还石亚银欠款是否妥当？本案中，周行东上诉称双方之间系二手房转让关系、双方并未结算。石亚银、周行东均确认双方并未签订房产转让合同、周行东向石亚银出具了450000元的条据。周行东虽辩称“借条”、“借款人：”并非其本人书写，但未就其反驳主张申请司法鉴定。一审法院已查明案涉款项还包含周行东之妹因购房向石亚银借款、石亚银为周行东垫付的费用等款项；该条据所载内容与双方之间微信聊天记录内容以及石亚银转款行为能够相互印证；石亚银当庭亦表述其未篡改条据、未提供虚假证据；故，石亚银所持条据的真实性，本院能够形成内心确信。依据在案材料及当事人陈述，当事人之间未就购房事宜达成一致，且就前期账务已经形成结算，前期双方之间的往来款项经核对后已经转化为借款。双方在审理中均确认仅为同行关系，石亚银主张判令周行东返还案涉款项，有理有据。一审法院就本案所作认定与处理，并无不当。周行东之上诉理由，本院依法不予采信。综上所述，周行东的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第一项规定，判决如下：驳回上诉，维持原判。二审案件受理费8050元，由上诉人周行东负担。本判决为终审判决。   审   判   员    季 立 耘                        二○二一年四月十二日 书   记   员   张    典  附件：《民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点实施办法》第十八条  第二审人民法院审理上诉案件应当组成合议庭审理。但事实清楚、法律适用明确的下列案件，可以由法官一人独任审理：（一）第一审适用简易程序审理结案的；（二）不服民事裁定的。第二十七条 本办法仅适用于北京、上海市辖区内中级人民法院、基层人民法院，南京、苏州、杭州、宁波、合肥、福州、厦门、济南、郑州、洛阳、武汉、广州、深圳、成都、贵阳、昆明、西安、银川市中级人民法院及其辖区内基层人民法院，北京、上海、广州知识产权法院，上海金融法院，北京、杭州、广州互联网法院。本办法所称的人民法院，是指纳入试点的人民法院；所称的第二审人民法院，包括纳入试点的中级人民法院、知识产权法院和金融法院；所称的中级人民法院、基层人民法院包括试点地区内的铁路运输中级法院和基层法院。     1