西安市阎良区人民法院 西安市阎良区人民法院民事判决书 （2020）陕0114民初252号    原告：中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行。住所地：西安市阎良区人民东路190号。负责人：王全胜，系该行行长。委托诉讼代理人：蔡新鹏，陕西联强律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人：邢少帅，陕西联强律师事务所律师。被告：李某，男，1965年4月18日出生，汉族，居民，住西安市阎良区。被告：陕西鸿尔置业有限公司。住所地：西安市阎良区人民中路西段南侧。法定代表人：王牛，系该公司经理。委托诉讼代理人：史某，男，1966年11月25日出生，汉族，该公司职工，住西安市阎良区。原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行（以下简称建设银行阎良支行）与被告李某、被告陕西鸿尔置业有限公司（以下简称鸿尔公司）借款合同纠纷一案，本院于2020年1月15日立案后，依法适用简易程序，公开开庭进行了审理。原告建设银行阎良支行的委托诉讼代理人蔡新鹏、邢少帅，被告鸿尔公司的委托诉讼代理人史某到庭参加诉讼，被告李某经本院合法传唤，无正当理由未到庭。本案经缺席审理，现已审理终结。原告建设银行阎良支行向本院提出诉讼请求: 1、请求宣布贷款全部到期，判令被告李某立即偿还贷款本金33149.01元，利息899.02元，罚息74.46元，复利18.29元，共计34140.78元（截止2019年9月3日）及至实际清偿完借款本息之日所产生的利息、罚息、复利；2、请求判令被告李某以其名下位于阎良区人民西路中段南侧航飞商住楼1幢2单元7层20702号房产承担抵押担保责任，原告对该房产处置款项享有优先受偿权；3、判令被告陕西鸿尔置业有限公司对被告李某的上述债务承担连带保证责任；4、本案的保全费、公告费、诉讼费及相关费用由被告承担。诉讼中，原告明确诉请第四项仅有诉讼费。事实和理由：2013年5月22日，原告与被告李某签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》（以下简称借款合同），约定原告向被告李某提供6.5万元借款，借款期限为120个月，借款实行浮动贷款利率，按月等额本息还款，被告如未按约还款，原告有权依约收取罚息。借款用于被告购买位于阎良区人民西路中段南侧航飞商住楼1幢2单元7层20702号房产，随后双方在房屋管理部门办理了抵押登记。合同约定被告鸿尔公司提供阶段性保证加抵押担保责任。原告依约发放了借款。截止2019年9月3日，被告已连续逾期7期未还款，明显违反合同约定，已构成严重违约。原告依约有权宣布借款全部到期，提前收回去全部贷款本息并计收罚息及复息。为了维护原告权益，原告依法提起诉讼，望贵院判如所请。被告李某未答辩。被告鸿尔公司辩称，被告李某有房产，应以李某的房产偿还其债务。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         本院经审理认定事实如下：2013年5月22日，被告李某、与原告建设银行阎良支行签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》，约定借款本金为65000元, 用于被告李某购买阎良区人民西路中段南侧航飞商住楼1幢2单元7层20702号房产；借款期限为120个月，即自2013年5月22日至2023年5月22日；借款利率执行浮动利率，即为基准利率；该利率自起息日起至贷款本息全部清偿之日止依据利率调整日当日的基准利率调整幅度在本合同约定的每个利率调整日调整一次，利率调整日为每年的1月1日；逾期罚息利率为本合同执行贷款利率的水平上上浮50%；还款方法为采用等额本息还款法，在合同签订时的贷款利率水平下，每一个月归还本息金额为人民币739.72元；对于本金逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者利息逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者法律、法规或规章另有规定的借款，按照先还本后付息的原则偿还；借款人不能按本合同约定按时足额偿还借款本息或其他应付款项，贷款人有权行使解除与借款人的借贷关系等权利。双方在该借款合同中约定以被告李某位于西安市阎良区人民西路中段南侧航飞商住楼1幢2单元7层20702号房产作抵押担保。同日，被告鸿尔公司在上述《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》担保人处签字盖章，为被告李某的上述借款提供连带责任保证。保证范围为借款合同项下借款本金、利息（包括复利和罚息）、违约金、赔偿金、其他款项和债权人实现债权与担保权利的费用。保证期间为本合同保证条款生效之日起至抵押登记已办妥且抵押财产的他项权利证书、抵押登记证明文件正本及其他权利证书交由贷款人核对无误、收执之日止。借款合同中的保证条款的效力独立于合同其他条款，合同其他条款不生效、无效或部分无效、被撤销、被解除并不影响保证条款的效力。原告未取得抵押财产的《他项权利证书》。2013年7月3日，原告建设银行阎良支行依约发放了65000元的借款。另查明，截止2019年9月3日，被告李某未偿还原告借款本金33149.01元，拖欠利息899.02元、罚息74.46元、复利18.29元，上述共计34140.78元。本院认为，原告建设银行阎良支行与被告李某签订的借款合同系当事人真实意思表示,不违反法律法规规定,应属有效合同,双方均应依约履行各自的义务。原告建设银行阎良支行已履行了发放贷款义务, 被告李某未按约履行还款义务,己构成违约，故原告建设银行阎良支行有权宣布贷款全部到期，并要求被告李某偿还剩余借款本金、拖欠的利息、罚息、复利及自2019年9月4日至借款实际清偿之日止产生的债务利息、罚息及复利。被告鸿尔公司为被告李某的上述借款提供阶段性连带责任保证，现被告李某未依约还款，原告建设银行阎良支行在保证期间内要求被告鸿尔公司对上述借款本金、利息、罚息及复利承担连带清偿责任，本院予以支持。被告鸿尔公司在承担连带保证责任后,可向被告李某追偿。关于原告建设银行阎良支行主张对本案抵押房产有优先受偿权的请求。本院认为，对抵押房产处置后的价款享有优先受偿权的前提必须是该房产已经办理了正式的抵押登记手续，而办理正式抵押登记手续的基础则是房屋必须先进行不动产产权登记、取得房屋产权证书。庭审中，原告明确表示本案涉案房产仅办理了预抵押登记，未办理正式的抵押登记手续，原告及被告鸿尔公司均提出本案涉案房产的产权证尚未办理，原告亦未取得证明抵押权设立的房屋他项权利证书。因此，原告未能提供充分的证据证明其对涉案房产享有优先受偿权，故对原告建设银行阎良支行要求就本案抵押房产行使优先受偿权的诉讼请求,本院不予支持。对于被告鸿尔公司抗辩，本院认为，被告李某应当偿还本案借款，但在李某还清本案借款之前，原告在保证期间内要求被告鸿尔公司承担连带保证责任符合合同约定及法律规定，被告李某有房产并不免除被告鸿尔公司的保证责任。故对于被告鸿尔公司的抗辩，本院不予采信。被告李某经本院合法传唤，无正当理由未到庭参加诉讼，亦未提交答辩意见，系放弃相关诉讼权利。综上所述，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第八条、第六十条、第九十三条、第一百零七条，《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条、第二十一条、第二十六条、第三十一条，《中华人民共和国物权法》第二十条，《城市房地产抵押管理办法》第三十二条、第三十四条，《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条、第一百四十四条之规定，判决如下：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              一、被告李某于本判决生效后10日内返还原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行借款本金33149.01元，支付截止2019年9月3日的利息899.02元、罚息74.46元、复利18.29元，合计34140.78元，并按照2013年5月22日双方签订的《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》的约定支付自2019年9月4日起至实际清偿之日止的利息、罚息及复利；二、被告陕西鸿尔置业有限公司对被告李某的上述给付义务承担连带清偿责任。被告陕西鸿尔置业有限公司在承担连带保证责任后,有权向被告李某追偿；三、驳回原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行的其他诉讼请求。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费654元，减半收取，即327元，由被告李某、被告陕西鸿尔置业有限公司负担。因该费用原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行已预交，被告李某、被告陕西鸿尔置业有限公司于本判决生效后十日内一并给付原告327元。如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。   审  判  员  曹正龙  二〇二〇年六月八日 书  记  员  李  敏1