陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  判 决 书   （2021）陕01民终2553号 上诉人（原审被告）：高若斐。被上诉人（原审原告）：王闻亭。 委托诉讼代理人：王亚青，陕西合恒律师事务所律师。上诉人高若斐因与被上诉人王闻亭合同纠纷一案，不服西安市新城区人民法院（2020)陕0102民初7539号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院于2021年1月20日立案后，依照《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民法院在部分地区开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定》之规定，本案适用普通程序，由审判员季立耘独任审理。本案现已审理终结。高若斐上诉请求：1.撤销一审判决，依法改判驳回王闻亭全部诉讼请求；2.一、二审诉讼费由王闻亭承担。事实和理由：一审判决认定事实不清，适用法律错误。基于朋友关系，其接受王闻亭50000元转账的行为，是接受王闻亭的委托代为办理陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司的集采车项目，相应法律责任应由王闻亭自行承担；2.其为陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司的销售，代为接受客户的款项，系职务行为，相应法律责任应由陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司承担；3.王闻亭本人也知晓50000元是交给陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司的购车款，还曾两次委托高若斐参与陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司的办卡加油折上折活动，上述经过，其均提交了相关转账证明予以佐证。综上，一审判决应予改判。 王闻亭辩称，其是与高若斐之间有经济往来，并非与陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司之间有经济往来，一审法院判令高若斐退还其45000元，认定事实清楚。故，应驳回高若斐的上诉，维持原判。王闻亭向一审法院起诉请求：1.高若斐偿还王闻亭5万元及利息7308.33元（以5万元为基数，按年利率6%，自2018年2月28日起暂计算至2020年7月24日，利息为7308.33元，请求判至实际付清之日止），以上本息共计57308.33元；2.诉讼费由高若斐承担。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                一审法院认定事实：2018年，王闻亭得知高若斐所在公司陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司有一集采车购项目，即由客户选购一款车型并预缴定金，公司在一个月内帮客户购买成功，如在规定期限内没有购车成功，给客户10%至30%的违约金，第四个月返还客户本金。即投资可返利的项目。2018年2月27日，王闻亭向高若斐转账两次共计5万元。2018年3月28日，高若斐向王闻亭返还5000元。后高若斐称公司资金困难，未向王闻亭返还。庭审中，高若斐提供公司与其他客户签订的合同，但明确表示因自己系公司员工，王闻亭与公司、自己与公司、自己代王闻亭和公司均未签订书面合同，收取王闻亭的5万元随即转入公司老板邵琳账户，系职务行为，转给王闻亭的5000元亦系公司老板邵琳转入自己账户，自己直转给高若斐的。一审法院认为，当事人对自己的主张有义务提供证据。根据在案证据，王闻亭认为双方系借贷法律关系，缺乏证据，法院不予采信；高若斐认为，王闻亭系与高若斐所在公司云创购车服务合同关系，举证不力，法院无法采信。双方为合同关系，鉴于双方系口头协议，王闻亭不能证明收取的5000元系利息，高若斐不能提供有力证据证明王闻亭与高若斐所在公司存在直接的云创购车服务合同关系，故高若斐应承担返还责任，但当应扣除已支付的5000元。据此，一审法院依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第十条、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条第一款规定，判决：一、高若斐于判决生效后十日内退还王闻亭45000元 。二、驳回王闻亭其余诉讼请求。如果未按判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当按照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费50元,由高若斐负担。二审中，当事人没有提交新证据。本院二审查明的事实与一审法院查明的事实相同。本院认为，民事主体的财产权利以及其他合法权益受法律保护。二审中，当事人争议的焦点问题为：王闻亭与高若斐之间的法律关系应如何认定？一审法院判令高若斐退还王闻亭45000元是否妥当？本案中，高若斐上诉称其系接受王闻亭的委托代为办理陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司项目而收款、不应承担剩余款项的退还责任。一审法院已经查明，高若斐、王闻亭、陕西云创网络汽车销售服务有限公司三方之间均无书面合同，高若斐亦未代王闻亭签订书面合同。依据《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉的解释》第一百零八条规定，对负有举证证明责任的当事人提供的证据，人民法院经审查并结合相关事实，确信待证事实的存在具有高度可能性的，应当认定该事实存在。对一方当事人为反驳负有举证证明责任的当事人所主张事实而提供的证据，人民法院经审查并结合相关事实，认为待证事实真伪不明的，应当认定该事实不存在。依据当事人陈述、在案材料，一审法院未予采纳高若斐相关抗辩事由，继而判令由高若斐退还王闻亭剩余款项45000元，合情合理，并无不妥。高若斐之上诉理由，理据不足，本院依法不予采信。综上所述，高若斐的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第一项规定，判决如下：驳回上诉，维持原判。二审案件受理费50元，由上诉人高若斐负担。本判决为终审判决。   审   判   员    季 立 耘                        二○二一年三月二十二日 书   记   员   张    典    附件：《民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点实施办法》第十八条  第二审人民法院审理上诉案件应当组成合议庭审理。但事实清楚、法律适用明确的下列案件，可以由法官一人独任审理：（一）第一审适用简易程序审理结案的；（二）不服民事裁定的。第二十七条 本办法仅适用于北京、上海市辖区内中级人民法院、基层人民法院，南京、苏州、杭州、宁波、合肥、福州、厦门、济南、郑州、洛阳、武汉、广州、深圳、成都、贵阳、昆明、西安、银川市中级人民法院及其辖区内基层人民法院，北京、上海、广州知识产权法院，上海金融法院，北京、杭州、广州互联网法院。本办法所称的人民法院，是指纳入试点的人民法院；所称的第二审人民法院，包括纳入试点的中级人民法院、知识产权法院和金融法院；所称的中级人民法院、基层人民法院包括试点地区内的铁路运输中级法院和基层法院。     1