陕西省淳化县人民法院民事判决书                      (2021)陕0430民初135号 原告：淳化县农村信用合作联社，住所：陕西省咸阳市淳化县南新街，统一社会信用代码：91610430709965002A。法定代表人：赵录军，系该信用合作联社理事长。委托诉讼代理人：邓某，男，汉族，住西安市雁塔区，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX，系该联社职工。委托诉讼代理人：文某，男，汉族，住陕西省咸阳市旬邑县，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX，系该联社职工。被告：何某甲，男，汉族，住陕西省礼泉县，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。被告：何某乙，男，汉族，住陕西省礼泉县，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。被告：徐某，男，汉族，住陕西省乾县，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。被告：王某某，男，汉族，住陕西省礼泉县，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。被告：冯某某，男，汉族，住陕西省礼泉县，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         原告淳化县农村信用合作联社与被告何某甲、何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某借款合同纠纷一案，本院于2021年1月20日立案后，依法由审判员刘芳适用简易程序独任审判，于同年2月24日通过互联网线上公开开庭进行了审理。原告淳化县农村信用合作联社的委托诉讼代理人文某，被告何某甲、何某乙、徐某、王某某到庭（上线）参加了诉讼，被告冯某某经本院传票传唤未到庭。本案现已审理终结。原告淳化县农村信用合作联社向本院提出诉讼请求：1、判令被告何某甲向原告偿还借款本金3000000元及利息181350元（利息暂计算至2021年1月2日，本息合计3181350元），后期产生的利息直至贷款结清为止；2、依法判令被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某对上述借款本金、利息、罚息违约金等承担连带保证责任，连带偿还上述债务；3、本案诉讼费及相关产生的一切费用由被告共同承担。事实与理由：2020年3月23日，被告何某甲向原告申请贷款3000000元，2020年3月30日原告与被告何某甲进行面谈面签，随后签订了《个人借款合同》，借款期限为36个月，即从2020年3月30日起至2023年3月29日止，借款期限内年利率为7.8％（即月利率6.5‰），结息方式为按季结息，合同内16.3条双方约定其他事项，借款人未按合同约定偿还本息，贷款人可提前终止合同，全额收回所剩贷款本息。同日，被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某与原告签订了《保证担保合同》，对何某甲的该笔贷款承担不可撤销无限连带保证责任，并承诺借款人未按时足额偿还全部或部分贷款、相应利息时，保证人应无条件向债权人立即支付借款人的全部到期应付款项，借款人到期无法按时归还的，保证人将代偿担保范围内一切债务，贷款本金、利息及由此所产生的一切费用。合同签订后，原告按约定履行了放款义务，但被告自贷款后一直拒不履行按期还本付息的义务，现贷款已提前到期，原告多次向被告催收均无果，故起诉。被告何某甲辩称，贷款属实，贷款是从2015年的7笔数额不等的贷款发放下来的，因答辩人个人经营不善导致本息未结清，2020年3月对之前贷款进行整合，全部贷款在答辩人名下，2020年3月答辩人向原告处理了其他两笔贷款，偿还了借款利息20多万元，导致答辩人经济困难，故本案贷款本息一直没有清偿。答辩人愿意向原告还款，但目前能力有限，希望原告停止计息，答辩人慢慢归还本金。被告何某乙答辩称，被告何某甲经营水果生意，用冷库储存，2015年何某甲向答辩人说需要用钱，让答辩人贷款，开始生意好，能够积极偿还利息和本金，2018年后生意不好，赔了钱，但被告及答辩人均一直在偿还，最后将所有贷款整合，形成本案3000000元贷款，答辩人为该贷款担保属实，同意承担担保责任。被告徐某答辩称，答辩人是给帮忙贷款，也一直有还钱，疫情期间生意不好，偿还能力就不好了，答辩人愿意承担担保责任。被告王某某答辩称，答辩人与被告何某甲是同学，何某甲做生意，2015年需要用钱找答辩人帮忙贷款，开始生意可以，答辩人就同意了，但近两年市场变化大，导致何某甲经济不乐观，能力有限，答辩人愿意承担担保责任。被告冯某某经本院传票传唤未到庭应诉，亦未提供书面答辩状。本院经审理认定事实如下：2020年3月23日，被告何某甲向原告申请贷款，并于2020年3月30日与原告签订了《个人借款合同》，按照合同约定，借款金额为3000000元，用途“贷款整合”，期限自2020年3月30日起至2023年3月29日，分六期归还借款，即2020年9月30日还款20000元、2021年3月30日还款20000元、2021年9月30日还20000元、2022年3月30日还款20000元，2022年9月30日还款20000元，2023年3月20日还款2900000元，借款期限内各期借款利率固定不变，为年利率7.8％（即月利率6.5‰），按季结息，借款期限届满（即2023年3月29日）未能偿还本息的，自借款期限届满之次日起计收罚息，罚息利率为合同执行利率上浮30%，即年利率10.14％，借款人违约的，贷款人有权解除合同，宣布合同项下未偿还借款立即到期，立即收回未偿还的借款本息，并有权从借款人在贷款人处开立的资金账户内直接扣收。原告于2020年3月30日向被告何某甲账户发放借款3000000元。被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某于2020年3月30日分别与原告签订了《保证担保合同》，按照合同约定，被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某对被告何某甲的3000000元贷款承担连带责任保证，保证范围包括借款合同项下全部借款本金、利息、复利、罚息、违约金、损害赔偿金和诉讼费、保全费等实现债权的费用，保证期间为借款到期之日起两年，未约定各自的保证份额。第一期还款时间到期后，因被告未履行还款义务，原告向被告何某甲送达《贷款提前到期通知书》，宣布该笔3000000元贷款提前到期，要求何某甲于收到通知书之日起7日内归还全部借款本金及利息，被告何某甲签收后未作清偿。截止2021年2月24日，产生借款本金3000000元、利息215150元，被告何某甲均未归还，被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某尚未履行担保责任。以上事实有原告提交的被告何某甲借款申请、借款人及担保人影像资料、客户谈话备忘录、个人借款合同、四位担保人的保证担保合同、借款人及保证人身份证复印件、户口本复印件、不可撤销无限连带保证责任承诺书、陕西省农村金融机构借款借据、记账凭证、利息计算说明、被告何某甲账户流水等证据在卷佐证。本院认为，本案的争议焦点是：1、被告何某甲如何承担还款责任；2、被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某是否应当承担连带担保责任。一、被告何某甲与原告淳化县农村信用合作联社签订的《个人借款合同》，系双方当事人的真实意思表示，合法有效，原告已向被告何某甲发放贷款3000000元，被告何某甲应当按约定还款方式还本付息，现第一期还款时间已过，被告何某甲未履行还款义务，构成违约，原告基于合同约定，有权解除合同，并要求被告立即偿还全部未到期的借款本息。原告已向被告何某甲送达《贷款提前到期通知书》，并行使合同解除权，被告对此均认可，该借款合同已解除，现原告请求由被告返还借款本金3000000元并按年利率7.8％计收借期内利息，按年利率10.14％计收逾期利息符合合同约定，主张合法、合理，本院予以支持。综上，本案应由被告何某甲归还原告借款本金3000000元，在2020年3月30日起至2023年3月29日期间，按年利率7.8％计付借款利息，如2023年3月29日借款期限届满仍未能完全履行还本付息义务的，由被告何某甲承担自2023年3月30日起，以未偿还借款本金按年利率10.14％计算的逾期利息至实际还款之日止。二、被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某与原告签订《保证担保合同》，系双方当事人的真实意思表示，合法有效，双方均应遵照履行。现借款合同解除，借款人何某甲未履行还本付息义务，被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某作为借款保证人应依照合同约定承担连带保证责任。对原告要求被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某对被告何某甲的借款3000000元及利息、诉讼费承担连带清偿责任的主张，本院予以支持。保证人何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某承担保证责任后，可向借款人何某甲主张追偿。被告冯某某经本院传票传唤未到庭参加诉讼，视为其放弃相应诉讼权利。综上，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第六十条、第一百零七条、第二百零五条、第二百零六条、第二百零七条、《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条、第三十一条、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百四十四条的规定，判决如下：一、由被告何某甲于本判决生效后十五日内归还原告淳化县农村信用合作联社借款本金3000000元，实际还款时间在2020年3月30日至2023年3月29日期间的，按年利率7.8％计付借款利息；二、如被告何某甲实际还款时间超出2023年3月29日，则从2023年3月30日起，以未偿还的借款本金，按年利率10.14％计付逾期利息至该笔借款实际清偿完毕之日止；三、由被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某对上述债务承担连带清偿责任，被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某承担保证责任后有权向被告何某甲追偿。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条之规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费16125元（已减半收取），由被告何某甲负担，由被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某承担连带清偿责任，被告何某乙、徐某、王某某、冯某某承担保证责任后有权向被告何某甲追偿。如不服本判决，可以在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于咸阳市中级人民法院。    审    判    员      刘  芳                       二〇二一年三月八日  法  官  助  理      赵  姗书    记    员     薛  欢 附法律条文：《中华人民共和国合同法》第六十条  当事人应当按照约定全面履行自己的义务。当事人应当遵循诚实信用原则，根据合同的性质、目的和交易习惯履行通知、协助、保密等义务。第一百零七条  当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，应当承担继续履行、采取补救措施或者赔偿损失等违约责任。第二百零五条  借款人应当按照约定的期限支付利息。对支付利息的期限没有约定或约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定，借款期间不满一年的，应当在返还借款时一并支付；借款期间一年以上的，应当在每届满一年时支付，剩余期间不满一年的，应当在返还借款时一并支付。第二百零六条  借款人应当按照约定的期限返还借款。对借款的期限没有约定或约定不明确，依照本法第六十一条的规定仍不能确定的，借款人可以随时返还；贷款人可以催告借款人在合理期限内返还。第二百零七条 借款人未按照约定的期限返还借款的，应当按照约定或者国家有关规定支付逾期利息。《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条  当事人在保证合同中约定保证人与债务人对债务承担连带责任的，为连带责任保证。  连带责任保证的债务人在主合同规定的债务履行期届满没有履行债务的，债权人可以要求债务人履行债务，也可以要求保证人在其保证范围内承担保证责任。第三十一条  保证人承担保证责任后，有权向债务人追偿。《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百四十四条  被告经传票传唤，无正当理由拒不到庭的，或者未经法庭许可中途退庭的，可以缺席判决。2021043013591610430709965002199181520106104301991081515351999511661042919990511171719934206461042519930402061119918270646104251991082706131993430610424199304302014199453610425199405034158197225610425197202050618202112022413000000181350202112318135023202032330000002020330362020330202332978651632015720203202032020152018300000020152020323202033030000002020330202332920209302000020213302000020219302000020223302000020229302000020233202900000786520233293010142020330300000020203303000000300000072021224300000021515012300000030000007810143000000202033020233297820233292023330101430000003000000202033020233297820233292023330101416125 1