陕西省西安市未央区人民法院刑事判决书（2020）陕0112刑初350号 公诉机关西安市未央区人民检察院。被告人沈某，男，1970年9月22日出生，汉族，初中文化，系德商时代网络信息发展有限责任公司法定代表人，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX，户籍所在地河南省三门峡市湖滨区，住未央区凤城九路白桦林居小区。2019年8月23日因涉嫌非法吸收公众存款罪被西安市公安局经开分局刑事拘留，同年9月28日被执行逮捕。现羁押于西安市高陵区看守所。辩护人韩斌，陕西瀚沃威律师事务所律师。辩护人殷丹，陕西瀚沃威律师事务所律师。被告人郭某某，男，1962年10月27日出生，汉族，本科文化，系德商时代网络信息发展有限责任公司总裁，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX，户籍所在地河南省三门峡市湖滨区，住陕西省西安市未央区凤城九路白桦林居果岭8-1-2509 。2019年5月6日因涉嫌非法吸收公众存款罪被西安市公安局经开分局刑事拘留，同年6月13日被执行逮捕。现羁押于西安市未央区看守所。辩护人水鹏飞，陕西平镜律师事务所律师。西安市未央区人民检察院以西未检公诉刑诉[2020]188号起诉书指控被告人沈某、郭某某犯非法吸收公众存款罪，于2020年5月20日向本院提起公诉。本院依法组成合议庭，公开开庭审理了本案。西安市未央区人民检察院指派检察员杨清波依法出庭支持公诉，被告人沈某及其辩护人韩斌、殷丹，被告人郭某某及其辩护人水鹏飞到庭参加诉讼。现已审理终结。公诉机关指控，德商时代网络信息发展有限责任公司（以下简称德商公司）法定代表人沈某、总裁郭某某，通过推介会和广告的形式向社会公开宣传其公司开发的“德商省付宝电子商务系统”，并对外吸收代理商和合伙人，由代理商与合伙人向德商公司缴纳平台使用费、代理费，并与德商公司签订代理协议或合伙协议。根据合伙人缴纳的使用费，德商公司分三级向合伙人发放对应标准的市场补贴：初级合伙人缴纳3980元，按照每月142元标准发放28个月市场津贴，共计3976元；中级合伙人缴纳11980元，按照每月714元的标准发放28个月市场津贴，共计19992元；高级合伙人缴纳51980元，按照每月3571元标准发放28个月市场津贴，共计99988元，同时公司合伙人可得到推荐提成和开发商户的服务费返润及公司双倍返还的德宝币。自2016年3月起，德商公司通过搭建“省付宝”平台，以消费返利为幌子，以高额回报为诱饵，通过向合作人发放市场补贴方式，吸引不明真相的社会群众投资，面向社会吸收资金高达2亿余元。经西安华鑫司法会计鉴定所鉴定，德商公司至案发收取客户资金252218964.24元，涉及群众2214人。截止目前报案群众111人，投资金额48875998元，损失47866818.6元。为证实指控的犯罪事实，公诉机关向法庭出示了受案登记表、抓获经过、证人证言、相关书证、司法鉴定报告、司法鉴定补正书、被告人沈某、郭某某供述及其户籍证明等证据，据此认为被告人沈某、郭某某的行为已触犯《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十六条规定的非法吸收公众存款罪，应依法追究其刑事责任。被告人沈某对起诉书指控的犯罪事实和罪名均无异议，表示自愿认罪。其辩护人提出以下辩护意见：1、对公诉机关指控的被告人沈某犯非法吸收公众存款罪不持异议，对于鉴定意见金额有异议。对于外部流入的资金，应当进行区分，仅合伙人投入的款项符合犯罪构成，而无证据显示为投资款的银行汇入款项不应认定为犯罪金额。应当扣除消费者通过省付宝的支付系统支付给商户的消费款，此部分消费款金额省付宝支付平台不收取商户和消费者的额外费用，也不给商户、消费者返本付息，不应认定为犯罪金额。2、被告人沈某由于身体原因，很少去公司，将公司的事务都交给郭某某打理，在整个犯罪活动中参与程度很小，系从犯，应当从轻、减轻处罚。3、被告人沈某系初犯、偶犯，自愿认罪认罚，开发省付宝的目的是为了响应时代号召，主观恶性小，亦愿意继续退赔退赃，可从轻处罚。被告人郭某某对起诉书指控的犯罪事实和罪名均无异议，表示自愿认罪。其辩护人提出以下辩护意见：1、对公诉机关指控的被告人郭某某犯非法吸收公众存款罪不持异议，被告人郭某某有自首情节，依法可从轻处罚；2、被告人郭某某自愿认罪认罚，庭审中主动将自己夫妻共有的房屋一套上缴，用于弥补投资群众损失，可酌情从轻处罚；3、本案是单位犯罪，被告人郭某某主观恶性小，应从轻处罚。经审理查明， 被告人沈某于2004年成立陕西长裕日用品有限公司，公司主要经营范围为日用品等的销售，后更名为德商时代网络信息发展有限责任公司（以下简称德商公司），公司注册地陕西省西安市未央区凤城二路10号天地时代广场1幢12001号，法定代表人沈某，负责公司全面业务，总裁郭某某负责具体业务。该公司开发“德商省付宝电子商务系统”从事电商平台运营，通过推介会和广告的形式向社会公开宣传该系统，并对外吸收代理商和合伙人，由代理商和合伙人向德商公司缴纳平台使用费、代理费，并与德商公司签订代理协议或合伙协议。根据合伙人缴纳的使用费，德商公司分三个档次向合伙人发放对应标准的市场补贴：初级合伙人缴纳3980元，按照每月142元标准发放28个月市场津贴，共计3976元；中级合伙人缴纳11980元，按照每月714元标准发放28个月市场津贴，共计19992元；高级合伙人缴纳51980元，按照每月3571原标准发放28个月市场津贴，共计99988元，同时公司合伙人可得到推荐提成和开发商户的服务费返佣及公司双倍返还的德宝币，1德宝币在平台相当于1元人民币,可在平台购买商品、变现或继续投资。自2016年3月起，德商公司通过搭建“省付宝”平台，以消费返利为幌子，以高额回报为诱饵，通过面向合作人发放市场补贴方式，吸引不明真相的社会群众投资，面向社会吸收资金。后因公司资金链断裂，省付宝平台不能正常运营，无法给群众继续返现，投资群众向公安机关报案。经陕西西安华鑫司法会计鉴定所鉴定：德商公司共签订合同及协议共计12016份，涉及自然人2206名，法人8名，合同及协议金额531426242元。德商公司及相关涉案人员2016年1月至2019年6月银行资金流水显示外部资金流入共计252218964.37元。截止2021年1月8日报案人数总计225人，投资总金额97305350.21元，已返还总金额2104177.48元，剩余应返还总金额95201172.73元。2019年5月6日，被告人郭某某经公安机关传唤到案。 2019年8月15日公安机关将被告人沈某抓获归案。庭审中被告人郭某某主动将其名下房屋一套退缴,用于弥补投资群众损失,退缴房产目前公安机关已查封在案。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        上述事实，被告人沈某、郭某某在开庭过程中亦无异议，且有公安机关出具的受案登记表、报案材料、抓获经过、宣传广告、营业执照、合作经营合同、司法鉴定意见书、证人证言、被告人沈某、郭某某供述及其户籍证明等证据证实，足以认定。本院认为，德商时代网络信息发展有限责任公司违反国家金融管理法规，未经有关部门批准，以高额返利为诱饵向社会公开宣传，非法吸收公众存款，被告人沈某、郭某某系该公司开展非法集资活动的主要负责人员，其行为均已构成《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十六条规定的非法吸收公众存款罪，西安市未央区人民检察院指控被告人沈某、郭某某犯非法吸收公众存款罪的事实成立，依法应予以惩处。关于被告人沈某辩护人对鉴定意见书的涉案金额所提出的应当扣除消费者通过省付宝的支付系统支付给商户的消费款，消费款不应认定为犯罪金额的意见,经查，此部分消费款金额省付宝支付平台作为交易平台，未给商户、消费者返本付息，不应作为非法吸收公众存款的犯罪金额，故该意见予以采纳。关于被告人沈某辩护人提出的沈某系从犯，应当从轻、减轻处罚的意见，经查，被告人沈某作为公司的法定代表人及董事长，负责公司的全面业务，在犯罪中起主要作用，系主犯，故该意见不予采纳。被告人郭某某有自首情节，且自愿退缴房产一套，依法可从轻处罚，其辩护人相关意见予以采纳。被告人郭某某辩护人提出的本案系单位犯罪的意见与查明事实相符，本院予以采纳。二被告人自愿认罪认罚，依法可从宽处罚。依据《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十六条、第六十七条第一款、第四十五条、第四十七条、第五十二条、第五十三条、第六十四条，最高人民法院《关于审理非法集资刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第一条、第三条，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部《关于办理非法集资刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》第五条、最高人民法院《关于适用＜中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法＞的解释》第二百八十三条之规定，判决如下：一、被告人沈某犯非法吸收公众存款罪，判处有期徒刑六年又六个月，并处罚金15万元。（刑期从判决执行之日起计算。判决执行以前先行羁押的，羁押一日折抵刑期一日，即自2019年8月15日至2026年2月14日止；罚金限判决生效后一个月内缴纳）。二、被告人郭某某犯非法吸收公众存款罪，判处有期徒刑五年，并处罚金10万元。（刑期从判决执行之日起计算。判决执行以前先行羁押的，羁押一日折抵刑期一日，即自2019年5月6日至2024年5月5日止；罚金限判决生效后一个月内缴纳）。三、扣押在案的印章九枚、银行卡四张、油卡九张、会计凭证41册、收款收据467本、报销凭证、合伙合同，由扣押机关依法处置。四、查扣在案的涉案房产依法处置后与扣押在案的现金2086.8元按比例返还集资参与人。五、二被告人的违法所得依法继续予以追缴，并按比例发还各集资参与人。如不服本判决，可在接到判决书的第二日起十日内，通过本院或者直接向陕西省西安市中级人民法院提出上诉。书面上诉的，应当提交上诉状正本一份，副本三份。 审  判  长    梁雪玲                              人民陪审员    孙茂祥                        人民陪审员    朱爱芝              二0二一年二月二十六日                                    书  记  员   王小玉  1