陕西省西安市中级人民法院     民事判  决 书     （2020）陕01民终11236号     上诉人（原审被告）：马希强。   被上诉人（原审原告）：陕西秦农农村商业银行股份有限公司阎良支行。   负责人：崔红选，该支行行长。   委托诉讼代理人：苗青，北京市中闻（西安）律师事务所律师。   委托诉讼代理人：岳锦锦，北京市中闻（西安）律师事务所实习律师。   被上诉人（原审被告）：王娥娥。   上诉人马希强因与被上诉人陕西秦农农村商业银行股份有限公司阎良支行（以下简称秦农银行）、被上诉人王娥娥金融借款合同纠纷一案，不服西安市阎良区人民法院（2020）陕0114民初464号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院于2020年8月5日立案后，依法组成合议庭审理了本案。本案现已审理终结。   马希强上诉请求：1.撤销一审判决，依法改判驳回秦农银行对其的诉讼请求；2.判令由秦农银行承担一、二审诉讼费。事实和理由：一审判决认定事实不清。其从未在《保证担保合同》上签字，其不是担保人，不应承担连带清偿责任；其没有用过钱也没有担保过，也没有还过钱，其个人电话没有变更过，秦农银行也没有找其要钱，合同上的电话不是其的。   秦农银行辩称，1.马希强在一审中答辩担保属实，即认可担保事实；2.马希强在一审中否认《客户谈话备忘录》及《保证担保合同》上的签名，一审法院向其释明应提出笔迹鉴定申请，但马希强在法定期限内未提出，且没有提供其他证据佐证，应当承担举证不能的法律后果。综上，应驳回马希强上诉，维持原判。   王娥娥述称，其丈夫马战军2020年4月6日因病去世，其什么事情都不知道，无话可说。   秦农银行向一审法院起诉请求：1.依法判令借款人王娥娥归还贷款本金250000元，利息101554元（暂计算至2020年3月10日，应继续计算至本息还清之日止），合计351554元；2.案件诉讼费由王娥娥、马希强承担；3.判令保证人马希强对以上债务承担连带清偿责任。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              一审法院认定事实：2016年3月25日，马战军、王娥娥与西安市阎良区农村信用合作联社振兴信用社（以下简称阎良信合）签订《个人借款合同》，约定借款本金为250000元；借款种类为中期借款，借款期限自2016年3月25日至2018年3月23日；借款用途为土建工程周转；还款方式为到期一次性归还借款；借款执行浮动利率，一年一定，本年度月利率为9.7375‰；借款利息自借款发放之日起计算，按季结息，结息日为月末或季末20日；借款到期不能按时归还的，自逾期次日计收罚息，罚息利率为合同执行利率上浮50%等。马希强、曹香会系夫妻关系，其二人与阎良信合签订《保证担保合同》，马希强、曹香会为马战军、王娥娥的上述借款提供担保，担保方式为连带责任保证，保证范围为借款合同项下全部借款本金及利息、复利、罚息、违约金、损害赔偿金和实现债权的费用，保证期间为借款到期之日起两年。2016年3月27日，阎良信合依约向马战军发放了250000元借款。2020年3月11日，秦农银行将马战军、王娥娥、马希强诉至法院，要求承担还款、担保责任。2020年4月6日，马战军因病去世，秦农银行于2020年5月19日撤回了对马战军的起诉。另查明，借款人清偿利息至2017年9月28日，未清偿借款本金。再查明，2017年9月6日，经中国银行业监督管理委员会批准，陕西秦农农村商业银行股份有限公司吸收合并阎良信合,由秦农银行经营和管理阎良信合的债权债务。     一审法院认为，依法成立的合同对当事人具有法律约束力，当事人应该按照合同约定行使权利、履行义务。案件中，马希强虽对《保证担保合同》真实性提出异议,但其未申请笔迹鉴定,故法院对该合同的真实性予以确认。双方签订的《个人借款合同》、《保证担保合同》均系双方当事人真实意思表示，内容不违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定，应为有效合同，双方均应按约履行。秦农银行依约发放了贷款，但借款人未依约按期足额还款，显系违约。该借款发生在马战军、王娥娥婚姻关系存续期间，王娥娥在借款合同亦签字确认，故系夫妻共同债务，现马战军已死亡，故对于秦农银行要求王娥娥返还借款本金及利息的诉请，法院予以支持。马希强为上述借款承担连带保证责任，借款人未依约偿还借款，秦农银行在保证期间内要求马希强承担保证责任，于法有据，法院予以支持。对于王娥娥的抗辩，法院认为，王娥娥除了与阎良信合签订借款合同之外，还在谈话备忘录上签字盖章，并提交了个人身份证件、户口本等资料，王娥娥作为成年人，应当知道其提交个人身份证材料、在借款相关材料上签字的法律后果，故对于王娥娥的抗辩，法院不予采信。对于马希强的抗辩，因其未提供相应的证据予以证明，法院不予采信。综上，一审法院依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第六十条、第一百九十六条、第二百零五条、第二百零六条、第二百零七条,《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条、第二十一条,《最高人民法院关于审理涉及夫妻债务纠纷案件适用法律有关问题的解释》第一条，《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条之规定，判决：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     一、王娥娥于判决生效后10日内返还陕西秦农农村商业银行股份有限公司阎良支行借款250000元，支付截止2020年3月10日的利息101554元，合计351554元，并按照双方签订的陕农信振信借字[2016]第1832号《个人借款合同》的约定支付自2020年3月11日起至实际清偿之日止的利息；二、马希强对王娥娥的上述给付义务承担连带清偿责任。如果未按判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费6573元，减半收取，即3286.5元，由王娥娥、马希强负担。因该费用陕西秦农农村商业银行股份有限公司阎良支行已预交，王娥娥、马希强于判决生效后十日内一并给付陕西秦农农村商业银行股份有限公司阎良支行3286.5元。   二审中，当事人没有提交新证据。本院二审查明的事实与一审法院查明的事实相同。   本院认为，民事主体的财产权利以及其他合法权益受法律保护，任何组织或者个人不得侵犯。二审中，当事人争议的焦点问题为：《保证担保合同》是否真实有效？马希强应否就案涉债务承担连带清偿责任？   本案中，秦农银行以金融借款合同纠纷为由提起诉讼，并提供了《农户及其它短期借款申请书》、《客户谈话备忘录》、《个人借款合同》、《保证担保合同》、借款借据、身份证、结婚证、户口簿及提款申请书等证据，内容相互印证，能够形成证据链，证明本案所涉事实。秦农银行主张已依据合同约定履行贷款发放义务，借款人未依约按时还款，保证人马希强依约应承担保证责任。马希强一审中称担保属实，二审中称担保不属实、其不应承担连带清偿责任。《客户谈话备忘录》上保证人处有马希强签名及捺印，《保证担保合同》明确载明保证人为马希强，保证人签字处有马希强签名及私章。案涉《保证担保合同》与《农户及其它短期借款申请书》、《客户谈话备忘录》、身份证、结婚证、户口簿内容相互印证，真实可信，本案保证合同法律关系足以认定。马希强作为完全民事行为能力人，理应知晓与金融机构签订《保证担保合同》、出具相关材料的法律后果。马希强未提供证据证明其曾请求撤销《保证担保合同》或确认《保证担保合同》无效等，马希强上诉理由，理据不足，本院依法不予采信。案涉《保证担保合同》内容不违反法律法规的强制性规定，合法有效，对当事人具有法律约束力。一审法院依据秦农银行之诉请，结合对全案证据的审核认定，就本案所作认定与处理，于法有据，并无不当。   综上所述，马希强的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第一项规定，判决如下：   驳回上诉，维持原判。   二审案件受理费6573元，由上诉人马希强负担。   本判决为终审判决。       审 判  长  刘运平   审 判 员  童运军   审 判 员  季 立 耘                               二○二○年十一月二日     书记员   张典              1