陕西省洋县人民法院 民事判决书 (2021)陕0723民初2056号 原告黄X，男， 汉族，陕西省洋县人，住陕西省洋县，农民，身份证号：612XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。委托代理人严宏春，洋县148法律服务所法律工作者。被告宋X，男， 汉族，山东省邹平县人，住邹平县，农民，身份证号：372XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。被告杨X，女， 汉族，陕西省洋县人，住陕西省洋县，身份证号：612XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。被告张X，男， 汉族，陕西省洋县人，住洋县，身份证号：612XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。原告黄X诉被告宋X、杨X、张X民间借贷纠纷一案，本院受理后，依法适用简易程序，由审判员柳雅君独任审判，公开开庭进行了审理。原告黄X及其代理人，被告张X到庭参加了诉讼，被告宋X、杨X经传票传唤未到庭。本案现已审理终结。原告黄X诉称，2017年被告宋X、杨X做生意期间与其在槐树关镇相识，二被告因资金周转困难向其借款，并出具借条约定借款本金为3万元，年息4500元，由陈X民承担担保责任，后陈X民死亡，由张X承担担保责任。2020年8月10日其到被告宋X居住地索要欠款，被告宋X承诺还款但未兑现，其于2021年7月22日向法院起诉要求被告偿还本金3万元，利息14490元，担保人承担连带责任。被告宋X未做答辩。被告杨X辩称，其与被告宋X已离婚，在离婚协议中对于债务有划分，其不承担偿还责任，还款责任由宋继刚承担。被告张X辩称，在原担保人陈X民逝世后，因为其系杨X的姑父，被告杨X找到被告张X，让其为杨X、宋X向黄X的借款作担保。2018年9月其同原告去了山东找到宋X要求偿还欠款，宋X给了1.1万元；2019年4月5日其同原告去山东找到宋X，宋X重新出具借条一张；2020年6月30日其同原告去山东宋X家中，宋X给了1500元差旅费。起诉前宋X通过微信给其转账2000元，让其转交给黄X，黄X拒绝接受。其只承担担保责任，不承担清偿责任。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     经审理查明，被告宋X、杨X做生意期间与原告黄X相识。2017年3月11日被告宋X、杨X向原告黄X借款3万元并出具借条，约定借款本金3万元，期限一年，利息4500元，陈X民承担担保责任，2018年9月陈X民死亡。2018年9月10日被告张X在该借条上签字“本人愿意担保负责督促宋杨二人还清本息，张X”。2019年4月2日原告黄X同被告张X去山东省XX县XX镇XX村宋X家中, 双方结算后宋X偿还了2019年4月2日之前的利息，经黄X、宋X、张X三人协商，被告宋X向原告重新出具了借条：“今借到黄X现金叁万元利息月息1分5厘，期限一年，利息合计5400元，大写伍仟肆佰元，费用1200元，大写壹仟贰佰元，合计36600元，大写叁万陆仟陆百元，时间自2018年9月27日至2019年9月27日，立据时间2019年4月2日，借款人宋X，2019年4月2日”，被告张X在借条签字“本人愿意担保还清本息违约后果自负，张X”并按捺指印。2020年8月15日原告黄X同被告张X再次去山东省XX县XX镇XX村要求被告宋X还款，宋X支付二人差旅费1500元。2021年3月1日，宋X通过微信向张X转账2000元请其转交给原告黄X，并提出与原告黄X订立还款协议，原告拒绝接受。2021年7月22日，原告黄X向本院起诉要求被告宋X、杨娜还款本金3万元，利息14490元，被告张X作为担保人承担连带责任。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           上述事实，有原、被告陈述，原、被告身份证复印件、借条两张、被告宋X微信陈述，经当庭质证，应予认定。本院认为，合法的借贷关系应受法律保护。2019年4月2日原被告双方结算后，被告宋X重新出具借条并约定由被告张X承担担保责任，此条据是在2017年3月11日宋X、杨X出具的借条的基础上，原被告双方结算并协商一致后形成的借条，与2017年3月11日借款属同一借贷关系，被告宋X应该对该债务负有清偿责任，被告张X应该对该借款承担连带清偿责任。该借款合同中对2017年3月11出具的借条中的合同主体、借款利息、担保人均做了变更，且之后原告也未向被告杨X主张过该债务。依照《中华人民共和国民法典》第四百四十三条之规定，“当事人协商一致，可以变更合同”。本院对该变更后的合同依法认定为有效合同。对于变更后借条中约定的“费用1200元”，原告黄X未在诉讼请求中明示，也未在审理中提及，该费用本院不予认定；对于原告黄X在诉讼请求中要求被告杨X承担债务清偿责任的主张，本院依法不予支持；对于被告张X辩称其只承担担保责任，不承但清偿责任的主张，本院依法不予支持。原、被告双方之间债权、债务关系明确，原告黄X请求被告宋X偿还借款的请求对于其中符合法律规定的部分利息本院予以支持。依照《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第三十一条中规定,被告宋X向原告黄X的借款应该按照如下方式计算利息，自2019年4月2日至2020年8月19日，按照本金为3万元，年利率百分之十八(月息百分之一点五)计算利息；自2020年8月20日至被告清偿之日，按照本金为3万元，年利率百分之十五点四进行利息核算，依照《中华人民共和国民法典》第五百四十三条、六百七十四条、六百八十条，《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第二十五条、第二十六、第二十七条、第二十八条、第三十一条，判决如下：一、被告宋X于判决生效之日起十日内向原告黄X偿还借款本金3万元及自2019年4月2日至2020年8月19日的利息7500.81元；清偿自2020年8月20日至被告宋X实际还款之日的利息，以3万元为本金,按全国银行间同业拆借中心公布的贷款市场报价利率(LPR)的4倍即年息百分之十五点四计算；被告张X负连带清偿责任。  二、驳回原被告其他诉讼请求。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务,应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条之规定,加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。  案件受理费913元,减半收取456.5元，由被告宋X、张X承担。因原告已预交,故被告应在履行上述给付金钱义务时一并支付给原告。  如不服本判决,可在判决书送达之日起十五日内,向本院递交上诉状,并按对方当事人的人数提出副本,上诉于汉中市中级人民法院。 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