西安市未央区人民法院民 事 判 决 书（2021）陕0112民初10668号 原告陈国栋，男，1984年7月21日出生，汉族，身份证住址：陕西省兴平市，现住西安市莲湖区楼，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。XX区XX城。经营场所：西安市经开区XX城XX路XX广场XX楼XX商铺。统一社会信用代码92610132MA6WGY998P。经营者张安林，男，1975年XX月XX日出生，汉族，住西安市周至县XX乡XX村XX组，公民身份号码XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。委托代理人龚昌菊，陕西秦原律师事务所律师。委托代理人李江涛。原告陈国栋与XX区XX城合同纠纷一案，本院受理后，依法适用普通程序，由审判员王琦独任，公开开庭进行了审理。原告陈国栋，被告委托代理人龚昌菊、李江涛均到庭参加诉讼。本案现已审理终结。原告诉称，2019年11月27日，被告以引诱、欺骗等手段骗取其1万元。其在交款前曾3次询问被告的经理李江涛，如果合作不成功怎么办，李江涛承诺合作不成功则如数退还1万元。其按约交付1万元后，双方就租赁事宜产生异议而未签订正式合同。其遂要求被告退还1万元，被告却拒绝退还。诉请：被告归还不正当所得1万元；被告经营者张江丽、经理李江涛就违法行为向其道歉；诉讼费由被告承担。被告辩称，2019年11月27日，原告向其交付定金1万元用以预定其位于XX城XX店XX号XX线，并约定档口每月租金6500元，每月管理费1500元，押金2万元，合同期2年，每半年一交，三个工作日内交清剩余费用并办理手续，逾期定金作废，不予退还。原告交付定金后，未依约在三个工作日内交清剩余费用并办理手续，经多次协商，XX城XX路店不满意，其为原告调整至玉祥门店，至2019年12月2日，原告仍拒绝入场经营，致使合同目的不能实现。故，原告无权要求返还定金。其并不存在原告所述的以引诱、欺骗等手段骗取其1万元的事实。原告的各项诉讼请求均无事实和法律依据，请求依法予以驳回。经审理查明，被告经营位于XX城XX路的鑫食派美食城。2019年11月27日，原告欲租赁该美食城的档口经营餐饮，在与被告协商后，向被告交纳了1万元。被告向原告出具“定金单”，载明：收到6号档口原告的定金1万元，经营川香奇香米线，档口每月租金6500元，每月管理费1500元，押金2万元，合同期2年，费用每半年一交，三个工作日内交清剩余费用并办理手续，逾期定金作废，不予退还。该“定金单”为被告提供的格式单据。被告加盖了印章，原告未签名。当日，被告向原告出具了“收款收据”，载明：收到档口定金1万元。此后不久，原告于2019年12月5日、9日与被告经办人通过微信聊天，要求被告退还已交纳的1万元。被告经办人则于2019年12月11日向原告推荐其玉祥门店的档口，并告知原告可以经营砂锅。微信聊天记录同时还显示，原告在意档口的位置和租金。双方经沟通协商未果。庭审中，原告坚持其向被告交纳的是意向金，被告曾承诺若双方未签订合同，意向金全额退还。被告并未明确交纳的是定金，否则其不会向被告交纳此款。但是，被告在收款后，却向其出具了“定金单”，在其提出异议后，被告仍承诺若未签订合同，同意全额退款。且其加盟的是川香奇香砂锅，总部不同意经营品牌变更为川香奇香米线，被告则要求其在XX城XX店XX线，导致双方未签订档口租赁合同。故，坚持诉讼请求不变。被告坚持原告交纳的是意向定金，在XX城XX店的档口位置后，其向原告推荐了玉祥门店，原告仍不同意签订合同。其承诺过如果不能签订合同，同意退款。但是退款的前提是导致未签订合同的责任在其一方。现导致合同不能履行的责任在原告，故坚持不予退还原告的1万元。上述事实，有“定金单”，“收款收据”，微信聊天记录截图等证据，以及双方当事人陈述在卷佐证。本院认为，原告向被告交纳1万元，被告单方向原告出具的“定金单”、“收款收据”，均系被告提供的格式单据，原告未在“定金单”上签名，否认交纳的是定金。故，“定金单”不足以证明双方达成定金合意。被告提交与原告的微信聊天记录显示，原告交款后不足10日，即要求被告退款。被告在XX城XX路店档口后，向原告推荐玉祥门店时，告知原告玉祥门店可以经营砂锅。足以证明被告的XX城XX路店不能满足原告要求经营砂锅的需求；“定金单”所填写的原告经营川香奇香米线系被告单方所为。故，导致双方未签订档口租赁合同的主要责任在被告。微信聊天记录还显示，原告在意档口的位置和租金。原告在向被告交纳1万元时，XX城XX路店的档口位置。原告不同意签订档口租赁合同，也有对档口位置不满意的因素。故，导致双方未签订档口租赁合同，原告负有一定的责任。鉴于原告不同意与被告签订档口租赁合同，已及时通知被告退款，未给被告造成损失。根据双方责任，酌情由被告退还原告意向金9000元。至于被告向原告推荐其玉祥门店档口，系新的要约，原告不同意租赁，并无过错。关于原告要求被告的经营者张江丽、经理李江涛就违法行为向其道歉一节，张江丽、李江涛均非本案当事人，原告可另案主张。综上，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第九十六条、第九十七条，最高人民法院《关于适用时间效力的若干规定》第二条，最高人民法院《关于适用的解释》第九十条之规定，判决如下： 一、XX区XX城自本判决生效之日起五日内退还原告陈国栋意向金9000元。二、驳回原告陈国栋的其余诉讼请求。如果未按本判决所指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条之规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费50元（原告已预交），由被告承担，与上述付款时间一并给付原告。                                     如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。 审  判  员  王  琦    二○二一年八月六日 书  记  员  叶  娟                                                            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