新疆生产建设兵团五家渠垦区人民法院     民 事 判 决 书                         （2020）兵0601民初2014号   原告：韩松江，男，1973年10月3日出生，住新疆石河子市。   委托诉讼代理人:张国威,新疆国法律师事务所律师。   被告：新疆天新房地产开发有限公司，住所地：新疆五家渠市天山路291号，统一社会信用代码：91659004673406080W。   法定代表人：马兴元，该公司执行董事。   委托诉讼代理人：于峰，新疆伯仲律师事务所律师。   委托诉讼代理人：张丛艳，新疆伯仲律师事务所律师。   被告：鄂州市第二建筑工程公司，住所地：鄂城区古城路73号，统一社会信用代码：9142070017986094XG。   法定代表人：苏永胜，该公司执行董事。   原告韩松江与被告新疆天新房地产开发有限公司（以下简称天新房产公司）、鄂州市第二建筑工程公司（以下简称鄂州二建公司）商品房销售合同纠纷一案，本院于2020年10月26日立案受理后，依法适用简易程序，公开开庭进行了审理。原告韩松江及其委托诉讼代理人张国威、被告天新房产公司的委托诉讼代理人于峰、张丛艳到庭参加诉讼。被告鄂州二建公司经本院合法传唤未到庭参加诉讼。本案现已缺席审理终结。   原告韩松江向本院提出诉讼请求：1.请求解除原告与第一被告之间的《商品房买卖合同》；2.请求判令第一被告偿还房款334553.28元；3.请求判令第一被告向原告支付利息120439元（334553.28元×6%×6年，自2015年1月19日至2020年10月19日）；4.2020年10月20日至实际清偿之日的利息按年利率6% 计至实际清偿之日；5.请求判令第二被告承担连带还款责任。   庭审中，原告撤回对第二被告的起诉以及第5项诉讼请求。   事实与理由：原告与被告天新房产公司于2015年1月20日签订了《商品房买卖合同》，约定将青格达花园（青湖铭城）小区第xx室卖给原告，价格334553.28元，天新房产公司出具房款收据一份。但在2019年原告来找被告天新房产公司办理产证时，才得知天新房产公司又将此房卖给他人，致使原告无法取得房屋产权。第二被告鄂州二建公司因欠原告的钱，在2015年和原告协商，以天新房产公司的一套房子抵偿欠原告的欠款，经鄂州二建公司协调天新房产公司，原告与天新房产公司签订了《商品房买卖合同》，现两被告违反合同约定，将该房屋转卖给第三人，为维护原告合法权益，现诉至法院。   被告天新房产公司辩称：天新房产公司和原告没有直接的债权债务关系，原告应当向原债务人鄂州二建公司主张债权。涉案房屋也是以房抵债产生的商品房买卖合同关系，鄂州二建公司在和天新房产公司协商债权债务关系的过程中，将涉案房屋转移给了案外人，现在天新房产公司与原告没有直接的债权债务关系。   本院经审理认定如下事实：2014年11月18日，经二被告结算，被告天新房产公司应当支付给被告鄂州二建公司万泉颐景小区工程款544405.05元，二被告协商以房抵款。又因鄂州二建公司欠原告欠款，2015年1月13日，经原、被告三方协商抵款房为青湖铭城小区x室，抵工程款数额为334553.28元，该房抵偿给原告韩松江。2015年1月19日，鄂州二建公司出具收据一张，载明：收到万泉颐景小区工程款334553.28元（抵房50号楼1201号）。同日，天新房产公司向原告出具数额为334553.28元的房款收据，并与原告签订了《商品房买卖合同》，合同约定，原告签合同当日一次性向被告天新房产公司付清总房款334553.28元，被告天新房产公司应当于2015年6月30日前将经验收合格的商品房交付原告。   2016年12月27日，被告天新房产公司与案外人李某某、李某甲就青湖铭城小区x室签订了《商品房买卖合同》，并办理了交房手续。原告要求被告交付房屋未果，诉至法院。   以上事实，由原告提交的《商品房买卖合同》、项目付款审批表、项目认购单、财务收据、证明，被告提交的收据、《商品房买卖合同》及庭审笔录予以证实，本院予以确认。   本院认为，当事人有权利在法律规定的范围内处分自己的权利，原告申请撤回对第二被告的起诉以及第五项诉讼请求符合法律规定，本院予以准许。   依法成立的合同，受法律保护，订约双方均应按照合同约定履行各自的义务。本案中，原告韩松江、被告天新房产公司及鄂州二建公司在结算之后达成的三方以房抵款协议，属于债务履行期限届满之后达成的协议，应认定为合法有效。现原告与被告天新房产公司依据以房抵款的协议所签订的《商品房买卖合同》系当事人真实意思表示，内容不违反法律法规强制性规定，应认定为合法有效。该房屋的房款原告已经通过抵款的方式向天新房产公司缴纳，天新房产公司负有向原告交付房屋并转移所有权的义务。现该房屋未经原告同意出卖给案外人，致使原告合同目的不能实现，被告天新房产公司的行为已构成违约。   根据《中华人民共和国合同法》第一百零七条之规定：“当事人一方不履行合同义务或者履行合同义务不符合约定的，应当承担继续履行、采取补救措施或者赔偿损失等违约责任。”现涉案《商品房买卖合同》客观上已履行不能，原告要求解除该合同，符合法律规定，本院予以支持。合同解除后，被告天新房产公司应当向原告退还购房款334553.28元以及利息，对原告主张的利息，本院参照原告起诉时的贷款市场报价利率计算应为77282元（334553.28元×3.85%×6年，自2015年1月19日至2020年10月19日），2020年10月20日之后的利息按全国银行间同业拆借中心公布的贷款市场报价利率计至实际清偿之日。对原告主张超出部分，本院不予支持。   对被告天新房产公司辩解与原告不存在债权债务关系，原告应当向鄂州二建公司主张债权的意见，本院认为，债是按照合同约定或者法律规定在当事人之间产生的特定的权利义务关系，享有权利的人是债权人，负有义务的人是债务人。债权人有权要求债务人按照合同约定或者依照法律规定履行义务。被告天新房产公司与鄂州二建公司、原告达成的以房抵债协议，约定由天新房产公司向原告抵偿房屋，并签订《商品房买卖合同》，此时天新房产公司负有向原告交付房屋并转移所有权的义务，为原告的债务人。原告有义务接受该给付并认可这一给付有着清偿鄂州二建公司债务的效果。作为债权人，原告享有对债权求偿权的选择权，以期对其债权之保护，原告选择向天新房产公司请求清偿债务，不违反法律规定，对被告天新房产公司的辩解意见，本院不予采纳。   综上，依据《中华人民共和国民法通则》第八十四条、第一百零八条，《中华人民共和国合同法》第八条、第四十四条、第六十条，第一百零七条，《最高人民法院关于审理商品房买卖合同纠纷案件适用法律若干问题的解释》第八条之规定，判决如下：   一、被告新疆天新房地产开发有限公司于本判决生效后十日内向原告韩松江退还房款334553.28元，支付利息77282元，该利息暂计至2020年10月19日，之后的利息按全国银行间同业拆借中心公布的贷款市场报价利率计至实际清偿之日；   二、驳回原告韩松江的其他诉讼请求。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                案件受理费4062元（已减半收取），邮寄送达费140元，合计4202元（原告已预交），由原告韩松江负担421元，被告新疆天新房地产开发有限公司负担3781元。    如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于新疆生产建设兵团第六师中级人民法院。           审 判 员    孙仪                              二〇二〇年十一月二十七日     书 记 员    张巧丽