西安市阎良区人民法院民事判决书 （2020）陕0114民初281号  原告：中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行。住所地：西安市阎良区人民东路190号。  负责人：王全胜，系该行行长。  委托诉讼代理人：蔡新鹏，陕西联强律师事务所律师。  委托诉讼代理人：邢少帅，陕西联强律师事务所律师。  被告：郑建宏，男，1970年9月21日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区。  委托诉讼代理人：郑文（系郑建宏之兄），男，1968年8月13日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区。  被告：温焕云，女，1969年7月13日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区。  委托诉讼代理人：郑文（系温焕云丈夫之兄），男，1968年8月13日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区。  被告：陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司。住所地：西安市阎良区国家航空高技术产业基地蓝天三路6号。  法定代表人：戴智敏，系该公司执行董事。  原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行（以下简称建设银行阎良支行）与被告郑建宏、被告温焕云、被告陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司（以下简称世纪锦业公司）借款合同纠纷一案，本院于2020年1月15日立案后，依法适用简易程序，公开开庭进行了审理。原告建设银行阎良支行委托诉讼代理人蔡新鹏、邢少帅、被告郑建宏、被告温焕云的共同委托诉讼代理人郑文到庭参加诉讼，被告世纪锦业公司经本院传票传唤，无正当理由未到庭。本案经缺席审理，现已审理终结。  原告建设银行阎良支行向本院提出诉讼请求: 1、请求宣布贷款全部到期，判令被告郑建宏、被告温焕云立即偿还贷款本金293670.01元、利息23590.97元、罚息897.88元、复利1500.49元，共计319659.35元（截止2019年8月22日）及至实际清偿完借款本息之日所产生的利息、罚息、复利及实现债权的费用；2、请求判令被告郑建宏、被告温焕云以其名下位于阎良区创新大道以北锦业六号府邸04幢2单元2层20201号房产承担抵押担保责任，原告对该抵押房产有优先受偿权；3、请求判令被告陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司对上述债务承担连带保证责任；4、本案的公告费、诉讼费及相关费用由被告承担。诉讼中，原告明确诉请第一项中"实现债权的费用"及第四项的"相关费用"仅指诉讼费。事实和理由：被告郑建宏与被告温焕云系夫妻关系。2016年9月21日，原告与被告签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》（以下简称借款合同），约定原告向被告郑建宏、被告温焕云提供32万元借款，借款期限为180个月，借款实行浮动贷款利率，按月等额本息还款，被告如未按约还款，原告有权依约收取罚息。借款用于被告购买阎良区创新大道以北锦业六号府邸04幢2单元2层20201号房产,随后双方在房屋管理部门办理了抵押登记。合同约定被告世纪锦业公司提供阶段性保证加抵押担保责任。原告依约发放了借款。截止2019年8月22日，被告已连续逾期20期未还款，明显违反合同约定，已构成严重违约。原告依约有权宣布借款全部到期，提前收回去全部贷款本息并计收罚息及复息。为了维护原告权益，原告依法提起诉讼，望贵院判如所请。  被告郑建宏和被告温焕云共同辩称，对原告的诉讼请求、事实理由均认可，借款属实，希望和原告协商处理。    被告世纪锦业公司未答辩。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          本院经审理认定事实如下：2016年9月21日，被告郑建宏、被告温焕云与原告建设银行阎良支行签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》，约定借款本金为320000元, 用于被告郑建宏购买阎良区创新大道以北锦业六号府邸04幢2单元2层20201号房产；借款期限为180个月，即自2016年9月21日至2031年9月21日；借款利率执行浮动利率，即为基准利率，该利率自起息日起至贷款本息全部清偿之日止依据利率调整日当日的基准利率调整幅度在本合同约定的每个利率调整日调整一次，利率调整日为每年的1月1日；逾期罚息利率为本合同执行贷款利率的水平上上浮50%；还款方法为采用等额本息还款法，在合同签订时的贷款利率水平下，每一个月归还本息金额为人民币2513.9元；对于本金逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者利息逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者法律、法规或规章另有规定的借款，按照先还本后付息的原则偿还；借款人不能按本合同约定按时足额偿还借款本息或其他应付款项，贷款人有权行使解除与借款人的借贷关系等权利。双方在该借款合同中约定以被告郑建宏位于西安市阎良区创新大道以北锦业六号府邸04幢2单元2层20201号房产作抵押担保。同日，被告世纪锦业公司在上述《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》担保人处签字盖章，为被告郑建宏、被告温焕云的上述借款提供连带责任保证。保证范围为借款合同项下借款本金、利息（包括复利和罚息）、违约金、赔偿金、其他款项和债权人实现债权与担保权利的费用。保证期间为本合同保证条款生效之日起至抵押登记已办妥且抵押财产的他项权利证书、抵押登记证明文件正本及其他权利证书交由贷款人核对无误、收执之日止。借款合同中的保证条款的效力独立于合同其他条款，合同其他条款不生效、无效或部分无效、被撤销、被解除并不影响保证条款的效力。2016年10月9日，涉案房屋办理了预购商品房贷款抵押登记备案，但未办理房地产抵押登记，原告亦未取得抵押财产的《他项权利证书》。2016年9月22日，原告建设银行阎良支行依约发放了320000元的借款。  另查明，截止2019年8月22日，被告郑建宏、被告温焕云未偿还原告借款本金293670.01元、拖欠利息23590.97元、罚息897.88元、复利1500.49元，共计319659.35元。  本院认为，原告建设银行阎良支行与被告郑建宏、被告温焕云签订的借款合同系当事人真实意思表示,不违反法律法规规定,应属有效合同,双方均应依约履行各自的义务。原告建设银行阎良支行已履行了发放贷款义务, 被告郑建宏、被告温焕云未按约履行还款义务,己构成违约，故原告建设银行阎良支行有权宣布贷款全部到期，并要求被告郑建宏、被告温焕云偿还剩余借款本金、拖欠的利息、罚息、复利及自2019年8月23日至借款实际清偿之日止产生的债务利息、罚息及复利。被告世纪锦业公司为被告郑建宏、被告温焕云的上述借款提供阶段性连带责任保证，现被告郑建宏、被告温焕云未依约还款，原告建设银行阎良支行在保证期间内要求被告世纪锦业公司对上述借款本金、利息、罚息及复利承担连带清偿责任，本院予以支持，被告世纪锦业公司在承担连带保证责任后,可向被告郑建宏、被告温焕云追偿。关于原告建设银行阎良支行主张对本案抵押房产有优先受偿权的请求。本院认为，抵押登记备案与抵押登记具有不同的法律性质和法律效力,抵押备案登记并非设立抵押权的抵押登记。因本案涉案房产仅办理了预购商品房贷款抵押登记备案,抵押权并未设立，故对原告建设银行阎良支行要求就本案抵押房产行使优先受偿权的诉讼请求,本院不予支持。被告世纪锦业公司经传唤无正当理由未到庭参加诉讼，亦未提交答辩意见，系放弃相关诉讼权利。综上所述，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第八条、第六十条、第九十三条、第一百零七条，《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条、第二十一条、第二十六条、第三十一条，《中华人民共和国物权法》第二十条，《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条、第一百四十四条之规定，判决如下：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                一、被告郑建宏、被告温焕云于本判决生效后10日内返还原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行借款本金293670.01元，支付截止2019年8月22日的利息23590.97元、罚息897.88元、复利1500.49元，上述合计319659.35元，并按照2016年9月21日双方签订的《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》约定的条款支付自2019年8月23日起至实际清偿之日止的利息、罚息及复利；  二、被告陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司对被告郑建宏、被告温焕云的上述给付义务承担连带清偿责任。  被告陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司在承担连带清偿责任后,有权向被告郑建宏、被告温焕云追偿；  三、驳回原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行的其他诉讼请求。  如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。  案件受理费6094元，减半收取，即3047元，由被告郑建宏、被告温焕云、被告陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司负担。因该费用原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行已预交，被告郑建宏、被告温焕云、被告陕西世纪锦业地产有限公司于本判决生效后十日内一并给付原告3047元。  如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。     审  判  员  曹正龙  二〇二〇年五月十一日 书  记  员  李  敏      2