陕西省西安市中级人民法院     民事判决 书     （2020）陕01民终14747号     上诉人（原审被告）：赵堃。   被上诉人（原审原告）：彭瑜。   原审被告：赵媛。   委托诉讼代理人：赵堃（系赵媛之夫）。   上诉人赵堃因与被上诉人彭瑜、原审被告赵媛民间借贷纠纷一案，不服西安市新城区人民法院（2020）陕0102民初6299号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院于2020年11月2日立案后，依照《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民法院在部分地区开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定》之规定，本案适用普通程序，由审判员季立耘独任审理。本案现已审理终结。   赵堃上诉请求：1.彭瑜归还其车辆。如车辆认定需大修或已经出现大损或半报废情况，彭瑜将赔偿其全新车辆或相同金额183600元；2.在未经其允许的情况下，彭瑜私自将其车辆开走，其视情况为租赁，彭瑜于2019年12月3日将其车辆开走，至今292天，按其车辆租赁价格每日180元费用小计52560元；3.其车辆裸车价格170000元，车船税8%13600元，车辆按保险公司每年8%的损耗计算，赔偿车损小计14688元；4.由于彭瑜未经允许将其车辆开走，影响其工作292天，要求彭瑜赔偿其交通费用292天，小计20000元。以上合计87248元；5.在其未得到任何通知的情况下，并在一审法院判决书未出结果之前，其账户被冻结；且其车辆价值远高于案件标的100000元，故申请将其账户解冻；6.由于其车辆价值高于彭瑜起诉价格，申请将彭瑜账户冻结150000元。事实和理由：由于此次判决结果只提其借款之事，对车辆该如何处理并未提及，且期间其多次联系彭瑜，并表示彭瑜归还车辆就还钱，一手交钱一手交车，在一审法院也做出相关说法，但彭瑜并不同意，且一审法院对此事在判决时也未提及。   彭瑜辩称，1.车辆问题与本案借款无关，不能作为赵堃拒绝还款的理由，其并没有私自将车开走，车辆是赵堃主动抵押给其的，为了能及时还钱让其放心，其也把车放在安全的地方，赵堃的陈述与事实不符；2.赵堃夫妻应该给其清偿借款本息，2018年其与赵堃沟通过赵堃给其还100000元，2019年赵堃给其打了借据，一审法院给其还判少了；3.案涉债务应属于赵堃、赵媛夫妻二人共同债务。故，赵堃的上诉请求不能成立，应驳回上诉，维持一审判决。   彭瑜向一审法院起诉请求：1.依法判令赵堃、赵媛共同向彭瑜清偿借款本金10万元及利息 【包括：（1）2019年9月16日之前的利息1万元；（2）2019年9月17日之后的利息，该利息自2019年9月17日之日起截止2020年7月17日，利息1万元，以本金10万元为基数按照月利率1%的标准计算至该本金全部清偿完毕之日止】，赵堃、赵媛承担连带清偿责任；2.案件诉讼费、保全费、保全保险费由赵堃、赵媛承担。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            一审法院认定事实：2016年彭瑜分别以4万、2万、1万、1万元4次给赵堃借款8万元。2019年9月17日在彭瑜的催要下赵堃向彭瑜出具了包括利息2万的10万元借条，“借彭瑜人民币（壹拾万元整）2016年借”，落款签名为赵堃，落款日期2019.9.17，并注明赵堃身份证号码：610************477。借条未约定借期内利率、逾期利率及还款时间。诉讼中，赵堃未提供其提供担保的证据并表示对返还车辆不提出反诉。   一审法院认为，赵堃2016年收到彭瑜借款8万元未出具借据，在彭瑜催要后又加上2万元利息，于2019年9月17日总共给彭瑜出具10万元借条，赵堃承认此借条，并表示同意还款，依法予以准许。赵堃表示该债务系为他人担保，未提供证据，依法不予采信。夫妻共同债务问题，赵媛未在借条上签字，彭瑜亦未提供赵媛知情、追认以及债务用于赵堃、赵媛共同生活和经营的证据，此债务应为赵堃个人债务。利息一节，该借条中并未约定借期内利率、逾期利率及还款时间，故不存在借期内利息；无还款时间，故债务不存在逾期；逾期利息则无从计算，彭瑜此要求依法不予支持。一审法院依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第一百九十六条，《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第二十九条第二款第（一）项，及《最高人民法院关于审理涉及夫妻债务纠纷案件适用法律有关问题的解释》第一条、第三条规定，作出判决：一、赵堃在判决发生法律效力之日起十日内偿还彭瑜借款10万元；二、驳回彭瑜其余之诉。案件受理费2700元减半收取1350元、保全费1120元由彭瑜和赵堃各负担一半。    二审中，当事人没有提交新证据。本院二审查明的事实与一审法院查明的事实相同。   本院认为，二审中，当事人争议的焦点问题为：赵堃关于车辆返还、赔偿等问题应否在本案中处理？本案中，债权人彭瑜持借条债权凭证提起民间借贷之诉，案涉借条并未载明债务人赵堃以车辆抵押或出质相关内容，双方亦未签订抵押合同或办理相关抵押登记，赵堃关于车辆返还、赔偿等问题，与本案不属于同一法律关系，本案不予涉及。赵堃上诉理由，本院依法不予采信。一审法院就本案所作认定与处理，并无不当。   综上所述，赵堃的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第（一）项规定，判决如下：   驳回上诉，维持原判。   二审案件受理费2700元，由上诉人赵堃负担。   本判决为终审判决。       审 判 员  季 立 耘                          二○二一年一月十九日     书 记 员 张  典                                           附件：   《民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点实施办法》   第十八条第二审人民法院审理上诉案件应当组成合议庭审理。但事实清楚、法律适用明确的下列案件，可以由法官一人独任审理：   （一）第一审适用简易程序审理结案的；   （二）不服民事裁定的。   第二十七条 本办法仅适用于北京、上海市辖区内中级人民法院、基层人民法院，南京、苏州、杭州、宁波、合肥、福州、厦门、济南、郑州、洛阳、武汉、广州、深圳、成都、贵阳、昆明、西安、银川市中级人民法院及其辖区内基层人民法院，北京、上海、广州知识产权法院，上海金融法院，北京、杭州、广州互联网法院。   本办法所称的人民法院，是指纳入试点的人民法院；所称的第二审人民法院，包括纳入试点的中级人民法院、知识产权法院和金融法院；所称的中级人民法院、基层人民法院包括试点地区内的铁路运输中级法院和基层法院。                    1