陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  判 决 书   （2020）陕01民终15326号 上诉人（原审被告）：西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店。经营者：代可。委托诉讼代理人：代洁（系代可之姐）。被上诉人（原审原告）：西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司。法定代表人：王东英，该公司总经理。委托诉讼代理人：蔡杰，男，该公司员工。上诉人西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店因与被上诉人西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司买卖合同纠纷一案，不服西安市未央区人民法院（2020）陕0112民初10569号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院于2020年11月10日立案后，依照《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民法院在部分地区开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定》之规定，本案适用普通程序，由审判员季立耘独任审理。本案现已审理终结。西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店上诉请求：1.撤销一审判决；2.由西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司承担一、二审诉讼费。事实和理由：1.西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司提交的食品销售凭证虽显示客户为其火锅店，但该凭证是西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司自己制作的且并未有其火锅店盖章或经营者代可的签字认可，证明力不足以完全认定双方之间存在买卖合同关系，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司一直与其火锅店前股东张基洪过往密切，现张基洪不知所踪，买卖交易无法考证，事实真实性存疑；根据经营者代可与张基洪签订的《两江重庆老火锅旺座国际项目合伙协议》（补充协议）中的第2条、第3条规定，自2019年11月1日起，其火锅店的实际经营者为张基洪，因此应该由张基洪作为本案被告。 西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司辩称，其公司起诉西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店没有问题，代可就是店面的法人老板。西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司向一审法院起诉请求：1.判令西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店支付欠款26877.9元；2.诉讼费由西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店承担。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        一审法院认定事实：西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司提交的2019年8月14日至2020年1月20日食品销货凭证（批发台账）61张，显示客户为重庆两江火锅，供货单位为东英牧业商贸，经办人处分别有马壮、杨小龙、席康、张洪等签字，货款共计90362.2元。经西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司申请，马壮作为证人出庭表示，其于2019年7月18日起成为西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店后厨，管理收货，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司自2019年8月初至2020年1月底向西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店供货，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司提交的销货凭证中显示有马壮签字的均系其本人签字，这些货都实际收到了；西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店有员工名叫张洪，系西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店股东，其开始亦叫此人张洪，此后看到他身份证发现他叫张基洪，他在店里对外签字亦签的是张洪。杨小龙作为证人出庭表示，其自2019年9月至2020年2月在西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店处工作，其在西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店处工作之日起西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司就在向西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店供货，至2020年1、2月份止，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司提交的销货凭证中显示有杨小龙签字的均系其本人签字；西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店处有叫张洪的员工，系西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店股东，其认识此人时就叫他张洪，店里亦均叫他张洪，后来听马壮说他叫张基洪。庭审中，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司称，其自2019年8月至2020年1月20日向西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店供应牛、羊肉，供货的货款总金额是89774.9元，西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店已向其支付货款62897元，尚欠其货款26877.9元。西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店称，供货不属实，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司没有向其供货，也未与其签订供货合同；杨小龙、马壮、席康均系其员工；张洪已携款潜逃，两个证人证言不可信，且他们长期与西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司来往。一审法院认为，西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司、西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店之间的买卖合同关系，系双方当事人真实意思的表示，内容不违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定，应为有效。依法成立的合同，各方当事人均应依约履行各自的权利义务。西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司提交的证据应可证明其向西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店供货，与西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店形成了买卖合同关系，西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店在接收相应货物后，理应按约向西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司支付货款。现西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司以销货凭证主张西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店尚欠货款26877.9元，西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店并未提供证据证实其已履行付款义务，故对西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司该项诉请法院予以支持。据此，一审法院依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第六十条、第一百零九条、第一百五十九条规定，作出判决：西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店于判决生效后十日内向西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司支付货款26877.9元。如果未按判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费471元（西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司已预交），由西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店承担，于上述付款时间一并给付西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司。二审中，当事人没有提交新证据。本院二审查明的事实与一审法院查明的事实相同。本院认为，二审中，当事人争议的焦点问题为：案涉买卖合同关系的主体应如何认定？西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司之诉讼请求应否支持？本案中，一审法院已经查明西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司向西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店供应牛羊肉等食材、双方未签订书面买卖合同、西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店员工签收相应食材、大部分货款已经支付等事实。一审法院依据西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司之诉请，结合当事人之间的交易方式、交易习惯，认定双方之间买卖合同关系成立，继而判令由西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店支付西安东英牧业商贸有限责任公司剩余货款26877.9元，于法有据，并无不当。工商登记信息显示西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店系个体工商户，经营者代可，西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店虽称系合伙组织、案外人张基洪应为适格的被告等，但就其反驳事由未能提交充分有效证据加以证实，对此应承担相应的不利后果，西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店之上诉理由，本院依法不予采信。一审法院就本案所作认定与处理，并无不当。综上所述，西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店的上诉请求不能成立，应予驳回；一审判决认定事实清楚，适用法律正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第（一）项规定，判决如下：驳回上诉，维持原判。二审案件受理费471元，由上诉人西安市高新区两江重庆老火锅店负担。本判决为终审判决。  审   判   员    季 立 耘                        二○二一年一月二十六日 书   记   员   张    典          附件：《民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点实施办法》第十八条  第二审人民法院审理上诉案件应当组成合议庭审理。但事实清楚、法律适用明确的下列案件，可以由法官一人独任审理：（一）第一审适用简易程序审理结案的；（二）不服民事裁定的。第二十七条 本办法仅适用于北京、上海市辖区内中级人民法院、基层人民法院，南京、苏州、杭州、宁波、合肥、福州、厦门、济南、郑州、洛阳、武汉、广州、深圳、成都、贵阳、昆明、西安、银川市中级人民法院及其辖区内基层人民法院，北京、上海、广州知识产权法院，上海金融法院，北京、杭州、广州互联网法院。本办法所称的人民法院，是指纳入试点的人民法院；所称的第二审人民法院，包括纳入试点的中级人民法院、知识产权法院和金融法院；所称的中级人民法院、基层人民法院包括试点地区内的铁路运输中级法院和基层法院。     1