西  安  市  未  央  区  人  民  法  院刑 事 判 决 书                            （2020）陕0112刑初893号 公诉机关西安市未央区人民检察院。被告人孙某，男，1973年7月17日出生，汉族，高中文化，系陕西某担保有限公司法定代表人，2019年3月21日因涉嫌非法吸收公众存款罪被西安市公安局经济技术开发区分局刑事拘留，同年3月29日被取保候审，2020年3月19日被监视居住，同年9月18日被依法逮捕，现羁押于西安市高陵区看守所。辩护人吴科，陕西宝伦律师事务所律师。辩护人蔡倩雯，陕西宝伦律师事务所律师。西安市未央区人民检察院以西未检二部刑诉[2020]411号起诉书指控被告人孙某犯非法吸收公众存款罪，于2020年11月11日向本院提起公诉。本院依法组成合议庭，公开开庭审理了本案。西安市未央区人民检察院指派检察员张守武依法出庭支持公诉，被告人孙某及其辩护人吴科、蔡倩雯到庭参加诉讼。现已审理终结。公诉机关指控，被告人孙某于2013年6月入股陕西某担保有限公司并任法定代表人，全面负责公司的经营活动。被告人孙某介入陕西某担保有限公司经营前，该公司就从事从社会上吸收不特定群众资金，再外借获利的非吸行为。被告人负责公司后，继续以千分之14-19的月利息面向社会吸收资金，将吸收来的资金再以30%左右的年利息借给陕西某实业公司、新疆某红枣业有限公司、山西河津市某有限公司、陕西省XX城某养殖有限公司等使用。2015年因资金链断裂，无法继续给参与非吸群众兑付而跑路，后集资群众报案。2019年3月13日，被告人孙某被公安机关抓获归案。司法鉴定显示，自2013年至2015年年底，被告人孙某以公司名义吸收50名群众资金共计7255000元，已兑付金额1009150元，未兑付金额6245850元。被告人孙某到案后，自愿如实供述自己的犯罪事实，其家属代某某退回600万元。为证实指控的犯罪事实，公诉机关向法庭出示了立案决定书、到案经过、证人证言、借款担保合同等书证、司法鉴定报告、户籍证明、被告人供述等证据，据此认为被告人孙某的行为已触犯《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十六条规定的非法吸收公众存款罪，应依法追究其刑事责任。鉴于被告人孙某认罪认罚，公诉机关建议对其判处有期徒刑三年，并处罚金。被告人孙某对起诉书指控的犯罪事实和罪名均无异议，表示自愿认罪认罚。辩护人提出以下辩护意见：1、本案属于单位犯罪；2、犯罪数额应将公司业务员投资部分予以剥离去减；3、本案集资参与人较少、有重复投资情况。被告人案发前已积极兑付并支付利息且到案后退赃退赔，已将名下房产在2017年交于集资参与群众进行出租和管理用于抵偿债务。其无前科劣迹、自愿认罪认罚，具有坦白情节。4、被告人在洛阳经营的公司在临近春节之际需要其协调结算、回笼资金、发放工资等，其作为民营企业家可在疫情期间为国家复工复产贡献一定经济活力。综上，建议对被告人孙某从轻处罚，宣告缓刑。经审理查明，2013年3月11日，被告人孙某通过股权转让成为陕西某担保有限公司（以下简称“某公司”）股东，并担任法定代表人，负责公司全盘工作。被告人孙某接手某公司后，以14‰至19‰的月息为诱饵，面向社会公众宣传，签订借款担保合同以吸收资金。所集资金大部分由该公司以30%左右的年息出借给陕西某实业集团有限公司、某枣业有限公司、西安某有限公司、XX养殖有限责任公司、河津市某有限公司等，一部分用于维持公司日常经营，一部分由被告人孙某用于购置房产。2015年，因资金链断裂，公司无法向集资群众兑付本息，集资群众报警。经审计，自2013年11月至2014年12月期间，被告人孙某以某公司名义吸收资金共计725.5万元，已兑付集资参与人本息共100.915万元。截至2020年8月20日，息抵本后尚未归还本金624.585万元，涉及50人。2019年3月13日，公安机关将被告人孙某在河南省新安县抓获。被告人孙某到案后，其家属代某某退缴600万元。另在本案审理过程中，被告人孙某家属又代某某退缴24.585万元。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            上述事实，被告人孙某在开庭过程中亦无异议，且有公安机关出具的受案登记表、立案决定书、报案材料、抓获证明、辨认笔录及照片、工商登记资料、营业执照、借款担保合同等资料、银行流水、不动产登记本、商品房买卖合同、查封通知书、司法鉴定报告书及补充说明、缴款书、暂收款凭证、证人证言、被告人供述及其户籍证明等证据证实，足以认定。 本院认为，被告人孙某以高息为诱饵，向社会公开宣传以吸收存款，数额巨大，其行为已构成《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十六条规定的非法吸收公众存款罪，西安市未央区人民检察院指控其犯非法吸收公众存款罪的事实成立，依法应予以惩处。关于辩护人提出本案是单位犯罪的意见，经查，某公司自成立即以非法吸收公众存款为主要活动，不应以单位犯罪论处，故该意见不予采纳。关于辩护人提出本案犯罪数额应将业务员投资部分剥离去减的意见，经查，某公司向社会公开宣传，同时向不特定对象、亲友或者单位内部成员吸收资金，故业务员投资部分应一并计入犯罪数额，该意见不予采纳。关于辩护人提出被告人孙某到案后积极退赃退赔、以房租抵偿债务，并自愿认罪认罚，具有坦白情节的意见，与查明相符，予以采纳，可对其依法从轻处罚。依照《中华人民共和国刑法》第一百七十六条、第六十七条第三款、第七十二条、第七十三条第二款、第三款、第五十二条、第五十三条、第六十四条，最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部《关于办理非法集资刑事案件若干问题的意见》第二条、第五条之规定，判决如下：一、被告人孙某犯非法吸收公众存款罪，判处有期徒刑三年，宣告缓刑三年，并处罚金5万元。（缓刑考验期限从判决确定之日起计算）（罚金限判决生效后一个月内缴纳）。二、被告人孙某退缴在案的624.585万元依法发还各集资参与人。三、被告人孙某违法所得依法继续予以追缴。如不服本判决，可在接到判决书的第二日起十日内，通过本院或者直接向陕西省西安市中级人民法院提出上诉。书面上诉的，应当提交上诉状正本一份，副本三份。 审  判  长    魏  琼                              人民陪审员    孙茂祥                              人民陪审员    王中琴   二〇二一年一月八日            书  记  员    吴  红 1