西安市阎良区人民法院  西安市阎良区人民法院民事判决书 （2020）陕0114民初1471号 原告：中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行，住所地：西安市阎良区人民东路190号。法定代表人：罗耀胜，系该支行行长。委托诉讼代理人：蔡新鹏，陕西联强律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人：邢少帅，陕西联强律师事务所律师。被告：杨备战，男，1969年11月21日出生，汉族，籍住西安市阎良区康桥粮站院内。被告：寇亚萍，女，1968年9月14日出生，汉族，籍住西安市阎良区北屯街道办李桥村杨南组62号。被告：西安市住房置业融资担保有限公司。住所地：西安市西二路万景商务中心7层。法定代表人：皇甫鑫，系公司董事长兼总经理。委托诉讼代理人：姬淑艳，泰和泰（西安）律师事务所律师。原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行（以下简称建设银行阎良支行）与被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍、被告西安市住房置业融资担保有限公司（以下简称担保公司）借款合同纠纷一案，本院于2020年7月17日立案后，依法适用简易程序，公开开庭进行了审理。原告建设银行阎良支行的委托诉讼代理人邢少帅，被告担保公司的委托诉讼代理人姬淑艳到庭参加了诉讼。被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍经本院传票传唤，无正当理由未到庭，本案经缺席现已审理终结。原告建设银行阎良支行向本院提出诉讼请求: 1、宣布贷款全部到期，判令被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍立即偿还借款本金101450.92元、利息7292.79元、罚息771.72元、复利457.84元，共计109973.27元（截止2019年9月2日）及至实际清偿完借款本息之日所产生的利息、罚息、复息及实现债权的费用;2、判令被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍以其名下位于阎良区迎宾大道北拓以东航城佳苑3幢6单元3层60302号房产承担抵押担保责任，原告对该抵押房产享有优先受偿权；3、判令担保公司对上述债务承担连带保证责任；4、本案的公告费、诉讼费及相关费用由被告承担。诉讼过程中，原告明确其诉请中“复息”即是“复利”。事实和理由： 被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍系夫妻关系， 2012年6月15日，原告与第一被告签订了《个人住房（商业住房）借款合同》，合同约定：被告向原告借款人民币14万元，借款期限为180个月。借款实行浮动贷款利率，按月等额本息还款，被告如未按约还款，原告有权依约收取罚息。借款用于购买阎良区迎宾大道北拓以东航城佳苑3幢6单元3层60302号房产，随后各方在房屋管理部门办理了抵押登记。合同约定被告担保公司提供保证加抵押担保责任。合同签订后原告依约发放贷款，被告未按约定履行义务。截止2019年9月2日，被告连续逾期19期未还款，构成严重违约，故原告诉至法院。被告杨备战未答辩。被告寇亚萍未答辩。被告担保公司辩称，被告担保公司提供的保证担保义务滞后于被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍作为债务人提供的物的担保，原告只能在被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍向其提供的物的担保不足以清偿其债权时，被告担保公司才有义务向原告履行不足部分的债务担保义务。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             本院经审理认定事实如下：2012年6月15日，被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍与原告建设银行阎良支行签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》，约定借款本金为140000元, 用于被告杨备战购买阎良区阎良区迎宾大道北拓以东航城佳苑3幢6单元3层60302号房屋；借款期限为180个月，即自2012年6月15日至2027年6月15日；借款利率执行浮动利率，即为基准利率水平上上浮0%，该利率自起息日起至贷款本息全部清偿之日止依据利率调整日当日的基准利率及上述上浮/下调幅度，在本合同约定每个利率调整日调整一次；还款方式为委托扣款方式，借款人最迟应在每期约定还款日前一日柜面营业终了前将当期应还款项足额存入指定委托扣款账户内，否则贷款人有权自约定还款日开始计收逾期罚息和复利；还款方法为采用等额本息还款法，在合同签订时的贷款利率水平下，每一个月归还本息金额为人民币1242.76元；逾期罚息利率为本合同执行贷款利率的水平上上浮50%；对于本金逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者利息逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者法律、法规或规章另有规定的借款，按照先还本后付息的原则偿还；借款人不能按本合同约定按时足额偿还借款本息或其他应付款项，贷款人有权行使解除与借款人的借贷关系等权利。双方在该借款合同中约定以被告杨备战位于阎良区迎宾大道北拓以东航城佳苑3幢6单元3层60302号房屋作抵押担保。同日，被告担保公司在上述《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》上签字盖章，为被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍的上述借款合同提供连带责任保证。保证范围为借款合同项下借款本金、利息（包括复利和罚息）、违约金、赔偿金、其他款项和债权人实现债权与担保权利的费用。保证期间为本合同保证条款生效之日起至抵押登记已办妥且抵押财产的他项权利证书、抵押登记证明文件正本及其他权利证书交由贷款人核对无误、收执之日止。借款合同中的保证条款的效力独立于合同其他条款，合同其他条款不生效、无效或部分无效、被撤销、被解除并不影响保证条款的效力。2012年7月2日，原告建设银行阎良支行依约发放了140000元的借款。2012年6月25日，涉案房屋办理了预购商品房贷款抵押登记备案，但未办理房地产抵押登记，亦未取得抵押财产的《他项权利证书》。另查明，被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍未按借款合同约定履行还款义务，截止2019年9月2日被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍未偿还原告借款本金101450.92、利息7292.79元、罚息771.72元、复利457.84元，以上共计109973.27元。本院认为，原告建设银行阎良支行与被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍签订的借款合同系当事人真实意思表示,不违反法律法规规定,应属有效合同,双方均应按约履行各自的义务。原告建设银行阎良支行依约履行了发放贷款义务, 被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍未按约履行还款义务,己构成违约，故原告建设银行阎良支行有权宣布贷款全部到期，并要求被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍偿还剩余借款本金、利息、罚息、复利及自2019年9月3日起至实际清偿完借款本息之日所产生的利息、罚息、复利。被告担保公司为被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍的上述借款提供阶段性连带责任保证，现被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍未依约还款，原告建设银行阎良支行在保证期间内要求被告担保公司对上述借款本金、利息、罚息、复利承担连带清偿责任，本院予以支持。被告担保公司在承担连带保证责任后,可向被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍追偿。关于原告建设银行阎良支行主张对本案抵押房产折价、拍卖或变卖所得价款有优先受偿权的请求。抵押登记备案与抵押登记具有不同的法律性质和法律效力,抵押备案登记并非设立抵押权的抵押登记。因本案涉案房产仅办理了预购商品房贷款抵押登记备案,抵押权并未设立，故对建设银行阎良支行要求就本案抵押房产行使优先受偿权的诉讼请求,依法不予支持。关于建设银行阎良支行主张被告承担实现债权的费用的诉讼请求，因其未能提供证据证明其主张，本院不予支持。综上所述，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第八条、第六十条、第九十三条、第一百零七条，《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条、第二十一条、第二十六条、第三十一条，《中华人民共和国物权法》第二十条，《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条，第一百四十四条判决如下：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              一、被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍于本判决生效后10日内返还原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行借款本金101450.92、利息7292.79元、罚息771.72元、复利457.84元，以上共计109973.27元，并按照2012年6月15日签订的《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》的约定支付自2019年9月3日起至实际清偿之日止的利息、罚息及复利；二、被告西安市住房置业融资担保有限公司对被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍的上述给付义务承担连带清偿责任。被告西安市住房置业融资担保有限公司在承担连带清偿责任后,有权向被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍追偿；三、驳回原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行的其他诉讼请求。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费2500元，减半收取计1250元，由被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍、被告西安市住房置业融资担保有限公司负担。因该费用原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行已预交，被告杨备战、被告寇亚萍、被告西安市住房置业融资担保有限公司于本判决生效后十日内一并给付原告1250元。如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。   审 判 员      董 新  二〇二〇年九月二十七日 法官助理      梁 勍书 记 员      赵 倩1