陕西省靖边县人民法院民事判决书 （2019）陕0824民初1798号 原告党玉海，男，1978年1月12日出生，汉族，现住靖边县乔沟湾乡乔沟湾村吴家峁则村小组197号。身份证号码：612725197801124410。委托代理人田雅，女，陕西秦靖律师事务所律师。被告马喜军，男，1981年9月16日出生，汉族，住靖边县张家畔镇系靖边县喜军停车场经营者。身份证号码：61272519810916463X.被告杨孝成，男，汉族，1984年9月4日出生，住靖边县君泽豪庭小区8号一单元1501室，身份证号：610628198409043532.委托代理人郗若愚，男，陕西秦靖律师事务所律师。被告中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司，住址靖边县东关街12号。法定代表人高贵武，系公司负责人。委托代理人刘靖，系中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司职工。（一般代理）原告党玉海与被告马喜军、杨孝成、中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司财产损害赔偿责任纠纷一案，本院于2019年3月19日立案受理后，依法组成合议庭，于2019年7月18日公开开庭进行了审理。原告党玉海及其委托代理人田雅以及被告马喜军、杨孝成委托代理人郗若遇、被告中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司委托代理人刘靖均到庭参加了诉讼，被告中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司法定代表人高贵武经传票传唤无正当理由未到庭。本案现已审理终结。原告党玉海向本院提出诉讼请求：1、请求人民法院依法判令三被告赔偿原告车辆损失费、停车费等238300元；2、本案的全部诉讼费用由三被告承担。事实和理由：2018年起，原告将所有的陕KB4977车长期停放于被告马喜军的靖边县喜军停车厂管理，并约定按月支付管理费用。2019年1月1日，同时停放在原告车辆附近的被告杨孝成所有的陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）起火，引燃原告车辆，并将其烧毁，而被告杨孝成因该行为被刑事拘留。被告马喜军对原告车辆未尽到相应管理义务，共同导致原告车辆烧毁。原告的车辆因上述行为遭受重大损失，但被告拒绝赔偿，故涉诉法院。被告马喜军辩称，车主把车停在停车场，表明车主与停车场只是提供停车位的服务合同关系，停车场负有合理限度内安全保障义务，合理限度内的安全保障义务是指：偷盗、故意损毁车辆，停车场管理人员应及时制止，采取补救措施。本案中被告杨孝成油箱因天气寒冷的因素凝固，在未通知我公司工作人员的情况下及未使用我公司提供的热水服务的形式下，擅自使用明火烧烤油箱，导致油箱失火，我公司人员发现车辆着火，立即打电话报警，车辆因被告杨孝成故意犯罪所以我不承担任何责任。被告杨孝成辩称，对原告的起诉失火部分是事实，被告愿意承担，但停车场有过失承担责任，其次保险公司应该承担保险赔偿责任，原告诉请过高。被告人保公司辩称, 原告和被告马喜军经营的停车场属于委托管理合同关系，与被告杨孝成是侵权关系，原告不能将被告马喜军和人保公司并案诉讼，法律关系不正确，应予以驳回。静止状态的车辆对第三人造成的损失根据交强险条例不属于保险范围内的事故。该事故并非交通事故，车辆在停放过程中发生的火灾事故，不是车辆使用过程中对第三人造成的直接损失，对火灾原因有明确具体的侵权人，不应当由其公司承担赔偿责任。   当事人围绕诉讼请求依法提交了证据，本院组织当事人进行了证据交换和质证。对当事人无异议的证据，本院予以确认并在卷佐证。对有争议的证据和事实，本院认定如下：1、对原告向法庭提交的第三组证据靖边县价格认证中心价格认定结论书靖（价）认字（2019）022号一份，被告质证价格鉴定过高。后被告杨孝成于2019年7月23日向本院提交重新鉴定申请书，要求对车辆损失价格重新鉴定，2019年9月17日陕西省榆林市百信司法鉴定所出具陕榆百司鉴字0658号重新鉴定意见书一份，因重新鉴定意见书来源合法，内容客观真实，本院对其真实性予以确认，对证明目的予以采信。2、对被告向法庭提交的第二组证据权属证明一份、收条一支，本院对其真实性予以采信。本院根据当事人的陈述、举证、质证以及法庭认证，查明以下事实，原告所有的陕KB4977车停放于被告马喜军经营的靖边县喜军停车厂管理。2019年1月1日，同时停放在原告车辆附近的被告杨孝成所有的陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）起火，引燃原告等附近的车辆，并造成不同程度烧毁。2019年4月3日靖边县检察院依涉嫌失火罪提起公诉，并查明火灾事故事实为：2018年12月29日中午，被告杨孝成将其所有的红色欧曼牌陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）大型汽车停放在靖边县喜军停车场院内。2019年1月1日早上6时左右，杨孝成到该停车场院内发动机车辆自动熄火，为此杨孝成用柴油喷灯烘烤油箱。烘烤油箱后，杨孝成上车发动车辆时发现离合仍踩不上去，遂又在车内找了另外一个小型液化气喷灯准备烤离合器分泵，并用柴油喷灯将液化气喷灯点燃，点燃后杨孝成的车辆油箱随即着火，引起火灾，造成该车及相邻的其他五辆车不同程度烧损。2019年1月18日，靖边县价格认定中心作出静（价）认字【2019】022号价格评估认定结论书，评定原告党玉海所有的白色陕汽牌陕KB4977大型汽车车损价格为238300元。被告杨孝成对鉴定价格有异议，被告杨孝成于2019年7月23日向本院提交重新鉴定申请书，要求对车辆损失价格重新鉴定，2019年9月17日陕西省榆林市百信司法鉴定所出具陕榆百司鉴字0658号重新鉴定意见书一份，鉴定结论陕KB4977大型汽车车损价格为174690元。另查明，陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）车辆登记车主及实际运营车主为被告杨孝成，该车辆在被告人保公司投保有交强险及商业险各一份，其中商业第三者责任险赔偿限额为100万元，且不计免赔。本院认为，本案的争议焦点在于：1、对于原告的损失赔偿责任主体是谁；2、原告损失数额是多少。首先，对于原告损失赔偿责任主体问题。公民由于过错侵害他人的财产、人身权利的，应当承担民事责任。原告所诉的本起火灾事故经靖边县公安侦查认定，起火车辆为被告杨孝成所有的陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）车辆，起火原因系被告杨孝成用小型液化气喷灯准备烤离合器分泵，并用柴油喷灯将液化气喷灯点燃。被告杨孝成作为陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）号车辆的管理使用者，对车辆的使用具有安全保障义务。因其用喷灯烤离合器起火而致陕KB4977车烧毁受损，故对原告的损失被告杨孝成应当承担责任。原告所有的陕KB4977车停放被告马喜军经营的靖边县喜军停车场管理，被告马喜军经营的停车场在此次火灾事故中未尽到相应的安全保障义务，故应承担相应的过错责任。本院综合考虑该事故发生等因素酌情认定被告杨孝成承担95%责任，被告马喜军承担5%责任。陕KB6378（主）陕K868G（挂）号车辆在被告人保公司投保了交强险及商业第三者责任险，故原告的损失应当由被告人保公司在交强险及商业第三者责任险责任限额内承担赔偿责任。关于原告损失数额，应当按照法律规定及原告实际支出情况予以计算。对于停运损失，无事实依据且没有提供相关证据予以佐证，故本院对原告诉请停运损失不予支持。对于车辆损失费，应当以陕西省榆林市百信司法鉴定所出具陕榆百司鉴字0658号重新鉴定意见书评定的车损价格174690元为准，属于必要合理的支出费用，本院予以支持。该鉴定属杨孝成提出，该火灾原因属杨孝成自己造成，故鉴定7500元由杨孝成承担。综上，原告的损失为：车辆损失费174690元7500182190。综上所述，依照《中华人民共和国侵权责任法》第六条、第十九条、第三十七条、《中华人民共和国保险法》第六十四条、第六十六条、《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条第一款之规定，判决如下：一、由被告中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司于本判决生效之日起十日内在交强险及商业第三者责任险责任限额内赔偿原告党玉海车辆损失费共计165955.5元；二、由被告马喜军赔偿原告党玉海车辆损失费共计8734.5元；三、由被告杨孝成承担鉴定费7500元7500。四、驳回原告党玉海的其他诉讼请求。如果未按照本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条之规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费4750元，由被告中国人民财产保险股份有限公司靖边支公司负担4512.5元，由被告马喜军负担237.5元。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省榆林市中级人民法院。双方当事人在法定上诉期内均未提出上诉或仅有一方上诉后又撤回的，本判决发生法律效力，当事人应自觉履行判决的全部义务。一方不履行的，自本判决内容生效后，权利人可以向人民法院申请强制执行。申请执行的期限为二年，该期限从法律文书规定履行期间的最后一日起计算。      （此页无正文）。    审  判  长     崔光全审  判  员     黄  勃审  判  员     周永东   二Ｏ一九年十一月二十日 书  记  员    贺新春  1