西安市阎良区人民法院  西安市阎良区人民法院民事判决书 （2019）陕0114民初785号原告：中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行。住所地：西安市阎良区。负责人：王全胜，系该行行长。委托诉讼代理人：周永伟，北京市康达（西安）律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人：刘云芳, 北京市康达（西安）律师事务所实习律师。被告：任可可，男，1992年7月12日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区村民，住西安市阎良区。被告：任晓峰，男，1965年9月19日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区，住西安市阎良区。被告：叶星利，女，1969年10月28日出生，汉族，西安市临潼区村民，住西安市阎良区东头。被告：陕西晟业置业发展有限公司。住所地：西安市阎良区。法定代表人：许罗成，系该公司总经理。委托诉讼代理人：王锐，西安市阎良区新兴法律服务所法律工作者。原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行（以下简称建设银行阎良支行）与被告任晓峰、被告叶星利、被告任可可、被告陕西晟业置业发展有限公司（以下简称晟业公司）借款合同纠纷一案，本院于2019年3月19日立案后，依法适用普通程序，公开开庭进行了审理。原告建设银行阎良支行委托诉讼代理人周永伟、被告任晓峰、被告晟业公司委托诉讼代理人王锐到庭参加了诉讼，被告叶星利、被告任可可无正当理由未到庭。本案经缺席审理，现已审理终结。原告建设银行阎良支行向本院提出诉讼请求: 1、判令解除原告与被告任晓峰、任可可、叶星利签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》，借款立即到期；2、判令被告任晓峰、任可可、叶星利偿还截止2018年10月3日借款本金296792.28元、利息18565.06元、罚息1264.34元、复利950.75元（本息合计317572.43元），及2018年10月4日至实际给付之日的债务利息、罚息及复利（以317572.43元为基数，利息按同期人民银行贷款五年以上期利率的1.2倍计算，罚息、复利按同期人民银行贷款五年以上期利率的1.8倍计算；利息、罚息、复利按日计息，结息频率为每月一次）；3、判令被告陕西晟业置业发展有限公司对上述本金、利息、罚息承担连带清偿责任；4、判令被告任晓峰、任可可、叶星利以阎良区XX路XX段XX大厦XX幢XX单元XX层XX号抵押房屋承担抵押担保责任，原告对抵押物折价、拍卖或变卖所得的价款有优先受偿权；5、判令上述被告承担本案全部诉讼费用、律师费及公告费等实现债权的费用。事实和理由：2013年8月7日，原告与被告任晓峰、任可可、叶星利签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》（以下简称借款合同），约定原告向被告任晓峰、任可可、叶星利提供36万元借款，用于被告任可可购买阎良区XX路XX段XX大厦XX幢XX单元XX层XX号房屋。被告任可可以该房屋为上述借款提供抵押担保，并办理了抵押物登记备案。双方在借款合同中约定了借款利率、还款方式及违约责任等，被告晟业置业公司为上述借款提供阶段性保证，并在借款合同上签字盖章。原告依约发放了借款。截止2018年10月3日，被告任可可、任晓峰、叶星利借款本息已逾期超过90天，多期未按期归还。原告有权解除借款合同，提前收回全部贷款本息并计收罚息及复利。为了维护原告权益，原告依法提起诉讼，望贵院判如所请。被告任可可辩称，愿意还款，希望不解除合同，愿意将之前的借款还完，后期按照合同继续履行。对原告诉讼请求第2、3、4、5项没有异议。  被告任晓峰辩称，愿意还款，不同意解除合同，愿意将之前的借款还完，后期按照合同继续履行。对原告诉讼请求第2、3、4、5项没有异议，已还款40000元左右。  被告叶星利未答辩。庭后称借款属实，希望和原告协商，把之前欠的款还上，后面继续按合同分期还。被告晟业公司辩称，保证属实，但抵押登记等手续已于2016年4月30日全部完成，根据担保法及相关司法解释的规定，本案担保期已过时效，请求驳回原告对被告晟业公司的诉讼请求。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               本院经审理认定事实如下：2013年8月7日，被告任可可、被告任晓峰、被告叶星利与原告建设银行阎良支行签订《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》，约定借款本金为360000元, 用于被告任可可购买西安市阎良区XX路XX段XX大厦XX幢XX单元XX层XX号房屋；借款期限为180个月，即自2013年8月7日至2028年8月7日；借款利率执行浮动利率，即为基准利率，按中国人民银行同期贷款五年以上期利率计算，该利率自起息日起至贷款本息全部清偿之日止依据利率调整日当日的基准利率在本合同约定的每个利率调整日调整一次，利率调整日为每年的1月1日；逾期罚息利率为本合同执行贷款利率的水平上上浮50%；还款方法为采用等额本息还款法，在本合同签订时的贷款利率水平下，每一个月归还本息金额为人民币3145.89元；对于本金逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者利息逾期超过90天仍未收回的借款，或者法律、法规或规章另有规定的借款，按照先还本后付息的原则偿还。借款人不能按本合同约定按时足额偿还借款本息或其他应付款项，贷款人有权行使解除与借款人的借贷关系等权利。双方在该借款合同中约定以被告任可可位于西安市阎良区XX路XX段XX大厦XX幢XX单元XX层XX号房屋作抵押担保。同日，晟业公司在上述《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》上签字盖章，为任可可、任晓峰、叶星利的上述借款合同提供连带责任保证。保证范围为借款合同项下借款本金、利息（包括复利和罚息）、违约金、赔偿金、其他款项和债权人实现债权与担保权利的费用。保证期间为本合同保证条款生效之日起至抵押登记已办妥且抵押财产的他项权利证书、抵押登记证明文件正本及其他权利证书交由贷款人核对无误、收执之日止。借款合同中的保证条款的效力独立于合同其他条款，合同其他条款不生效、无效或部分无效、被撤销、被解除并不影响保证条款的效力。2013年8月21日，涉案房屋办理了预购商品房贷款抵押登记备案，但未办理房地产抵押登记，亦未取得抵押财产的《他项权利证书》。2013年9月3日，建设银行阎良支行依约发放了360000元的借款。另查明，截止2018年10月3日，被告任可可、任晓峰、叶星利未偿还原告借款本金296792.28元、利息18565.06元、罚息1264.34元、复利950.75元（本息合计317572.43元）。原告起诉后，三借款人于2019年5月10日偿还借款3000元、2019年5月14日偿还借款19641.55元、2019年6月14日偿还借款9990.21元、2019年7月5日偿还借款3900元，合计偿还借款本金36531.76元。本院认为，建设银行阎良支行与任可可、任晓峰、叶星利签订的借款合同系当事人真实意思表示,不违反法律法规规定,应属有效合同,双方均应按约履行各自的义务。建设银行阎良支行按约履行了发放贷款义务, 任可可、任晓峰、叶星利未按约履行还款义务,己构成违约，故原告建设银行阎良支行有权要求解除本案借款合同，并要求被告任可可、任晓峰、叶星利偿还剩余借款本金（扣除诉后偿还的本金36531.76元）、利息、罚息、复利及2018年10月4日后至借款实际清偿之日止产生的债务利息、罚息及复利。晟业公司为任可可、任晓峰、叶星利的上述借款提供阶段性连带责任保证，现任可可、任晓峰、叶星利未依约还款，原告建设银行阎良支行在保证期间内要求被告晟业公司对上述借款本金、利息、罚息承担连带清偿责任，本院予以支持；晟业公司在承担连带保证责任后,可向任可可、任晓峰、叶星利追偿。关于建设银行阎良支行主张对本案抵押房产折价、拍卖或变卖所得价款有优先受偿权的请求。抵押登记备案与抵押登记具有不同的法律性质和法律效力,抵押备案登记并非设立抵押权的抵押登记。因本案涉案房产仅办理了预购商品房贷款抵押登记备案,抵押权并未设立，故对建设银行阎良支行要求就本案抵押房产行使优先受偿权的诉讼请求,依法不予支持。关于建设银行阎良支行主张被告承担律师费等诉讼请求，因其未能提供证据证明其主张，本院不予支持。对于被告晟业公司的抗辩，其未能提供相关证据予以证实，故对该抗辩，本院不予采信。综上所述，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第八条、第六十条、第九十三条、第一百零七条，《中华人民共和国担保法》第十八条、第二十一条、第二十六条、第三十一条，《中华人民共和国物权法》第二十条，《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第六十四条、第一百四十四条之规定，判决如下：                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              一、解除原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行与被告任可可、任晓峰、叶星利于2013年8月7日签订的《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》；二、被告任可可、被告任晓峰、被告叶星利于本判决生效后10日内返还原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行借款本金260260.52元，支付截止2018年10月3日的利息18565.06元、罚息1264.34元、复利950.75元，并按照2013年8月7日签订的《个人住房（商业用房）借款合同》约定的条款支付自2018年10月4日起至实际清偿之日止的利息、罚息及复利；三、被告陕西晟业置业发展有限公司对被告任可可、被告任晓峰、被告叶星利的上述借款本金、利息、罚息的给付义务承担连带清偿责任。被告陕西晟业置业发展有限公司在承担连带清偿责任后,可向被告任可可、被告任晓峰、被告叶星利追偿；四、驳回原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行的其余诉讼请求。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务的，应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条规定，加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费6064元，由被告任可可、被告任晓峰、被告叶星利、被告陕西晟业置业发展有限公司负担。因该费用原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行已预交，被告任可可、被告任晓峰、被告叶星利、被告陕西晟业置业发展有限公司于本判决生效后十日内一并给付原告中国建设银行股份有限公司西安阎良区支行。如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。  审  判  长  张素粉审  判  员  曹正龙人民陪审员  张芝芳    二〇一九年十一月十一日 书  记  员  乔卫鑫1