陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  裁  定  书   (2019)陕01民申772号 再审申请人（原审原告）：孙济生，男，1936年5月17日出生，汉族，住西安市莲湖区。被申请人（原审被告）：孙玉，女，1959年11月13日出生，汉族，住西安市灞桥区。再审申请人孙济生因与被申请人孙玉民间借贷纠纷一案，不服西安市莲湖区人民法院（2018）陕0104民初37号民事判决，向本院申请再审。本院依法组成合议庭进行了审查，现已审查终结。孙济生申请再审称，2017年12月17日的4万元以现金方式交给孙某某，该笔借款真实有效，原判决依据《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷适用法律若干问题的规定》认为该4万元借贷不成立，适用法律错误。原审第一次开庭只有书记员，没有审判员，也没有陪审员，第二次开庭只有一名法官和一名书记员，没有陪审员，审判人员组成不合法。原审判决认定孙济生与孙玉建立恋爱关系，缺乏证据证明。孙济生依据《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百条第二项、第六项、第七项规定申请再审。本院审查查明，本案一审宣判后，孙济生不服，向本院提起上诉。二审审理期间，孙济生于2019年2月11日向本院提出撤诉申请，本院于2019年2月12日作出（2019）陕01民终1243号民事裁定书，裁定准许孙济生撤回上诉本院经审查认为, 《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百六十四条第一款规定：“当事人不服地方人民法院第一审判决的，有权在判决书送达之日起十五日内向上一级人民法院提起上诉。”第一百六十八条规定：“第二审人民法院应当对上诉请求的有关事实和适用法律进行审查。”依据上述法律规定，两审终审制是我国民事诉讼的基本制度，当事人如认为一审判决错误的，应当提起上诉，通过二审程序寻求救济。再审程序是针对生效判决可能出现的重要错误而赋予当事人的特别救济程序，如在穷尽了常规救济途径之后，当事人仍然认为生效裁判有错误的，可以向人民法院申请再审。对于提起上诉后自愿撤回上诉，当事人又依照审判监督程序提出再审申请的，人民法院应不予支持，否则将变相鼓励或放纵不守诚信的当事人滥用诉权，从而使特殊程序异化为普通程序，造成对两审终审制的破坏和对司法资源的浪费。本案中，孙济生在向本院提起上诉后，又在二审审理期间自愿撤回上诉，表明其认可一审判决认定的基本事实及判决结果，其现对已经生效的一审判决申请再审，本院不予支持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百零四条第一款，《最高人民法院关于适用中华人民共和国民事诉讼法>的解释》第三百九十五条第二款规定，裁定如下：驳回孙济生的再审申请。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   审 判 长  刘  晓  渭审  判  员  唐      辉审  判  员  陈  媛  媛 二○一九年十月三十日 书 记 员  张      莹  1