陕西省西安市长安区人民法院   民事判决书    (2020)陕0116民初3181号   原告杨鸿斌（反诉被告），男，汉族，19XX年XX月XX日，住四川省阆中市。身份证号：XXXXXXXXXXXX3X。   委托代理人梁良，陕西永嘉信律师事务所律师。   被告陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司（反诉原告）。住所地：西安市沣东新城三桥街道阿房路8号。统一社会信用代码：XXXXXXXXXXXX 035Y。   被告何永兴，男，汉族，19XX年XX月XX日出生，住西安市沣东新城。身份证号：XXXXXXXXXXXX XXXXX。   委托代理人葛春荣，陕西丰瑞律师事务所律师。   委托代理人郭小俊，陕西丰瑞律师事务所律师。   第三人：孙政，男，汉族，19XX年XX月XX日出生，住陕西省西安市户县。身份证号：6101 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX。   第三人：龚冬峰，男，汉族，19XX年XX月XX日出生，住西安市长安区。身份证号： 6 XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX 16。   原告杨鸿斌诉被告陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司（以下简称陕西永兴）、何永兴、第三人孙政、龚冬峰股权转让纠纷一案，本院立案受理后，依法适用普通程序，公开开庭进行了审理，原告杨鸿斌及委托代理人梁良，被告陕西永兴的法定代表人何永兴、被告何永兴及委托代理人葛春荣、郭小俊到庭参加了诉讼，第三人孙政、龚冬峰经本院合法传唤，未到庭应诉。被告答辩期间提起了反诉，本案现已审理终结。   本诉原告诉讼请求为：1、被告陕西永兴向原告支付现金220000元，以及自2019年3月9日至2019年4月25日的利息1645元，及以220000元为本金，按照日万分之五的标准，自2019年9月1日至2019年12月15日的利息11550元，及按照上述标准至实际付款日的利息。事实和理由：2019年初，原告与被告法定代表人、股东何永兴、被告股东何其经协商一致，同意原告以股权转让的形式退出陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司，后于2019年3月9日签订《公司退股协议书》，约定由陕西永兴向原告支付人民币35万元，其中15万元于2019年3月8日前支付，剩余款项于2019年8月内支付完毕，如不能按时支付，未付部分按照日万分之五支付利息。其后，被告陕西永兴支付了8万元，被告何永兴向原告支付了5万元，剩余款项至今未支付，亦再未履行任何合同义务，未向第三人通知债权转让事宜，给原告造成了极大的损失，故原告诉至法院，请求判令如诉求。   本诉被告陕西永兴、何永兴答辩：公司成立于2001年，原告在2012年支付8万元股本参加公司经营，在经营到2019年时杨鸿斌提出退股，何永兴是公司的法人，在经营期间原告的妻子是公司的财务人员，两者之间有制约关系。在2019年杨鸿斌、何永兴和何其签订退股协议的时候，按照结算清单杨杨鸿斌占比40%进行财产分配。但是在协议书履行的过程中发现上述结算清单存在误差，故签订的《公司退股协议书》无法继续履行，故何永兴多次要求重新对账，但杨鸿斌不同意，现不同意杨鸿斌的本诉请求。   反诉原告陕西永兴的诉讼请求：1、确认杨鸿斌、何永兴、和何其签订的《公司退股协议》无效；2、杨鸿斌返还陕西永兴借款295668元；3、杨鸿斌返还长安公馆10917房、10905房、10912房、1005房、1006房购房合同、收据原件及孙政、龚东峰借条原件；4、诉讼费由杨鸿斌承担。事实和理由：2011年何永兴和何永田各自出资250万元成立陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司，当时注册资金500万元。2012年2月18日，反诉被告从何永兴处受让取得陕西永兴公司35%的股权，但至今反诉被告只向何永兴支付了8万元股权转让款。2018年底反诉被告提出退股要求，何永兴及其他股东同意了反诉被告的退股要求，由反诉被告的妻子赵丽对陕西永兴公司2018年9月30日前的财务情况进行统计整理，反诉被告将公司账目统计表提供给何永兴，何永兴出于信任签订了《公司退股协议书》，该协议书对公司未依法清算的资产进行了违法分割，公司对外的40万元债务没有体现，遗漏了债务分配，违反了法律强制性规定，协议约定内容违法，应当无效，故希判令如诉求。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             反诉被告杨鸿斌辩称，《公司退股协议书》为股东之间的内部协议，系三方真实意思表示，不违反法律、法规强制性规定，合法有效，根据工商档案足以证明杨鸿斌持有的陕西永兴股权已经转让给何永兴。杨鸿斌在退出永兴公司前已经与股东们进行了多次协商并对陕西永兴的资产进行了清算，何永兴支付给杨鸿斌的股权转让价格合理，不存在显失公平。陕西永兴代何永兴向杨鸿斌支付股权转让对价后的剩余资产足以覆盖所有债务，本次股权转让行为不存在恶意串通，损害其他债权人及国家利益的情况。《股权转让协议》、《公司退股协议书》均已得到了部分履行，各股东在履行过程中并未发生争议，应当继续履行。对于欠款，因为何永兴和杨鸿斌均欠公司欠款，经计算该欠款和利润分配相当，股东协商同意以欠款抵偿利润分配。   经审理查明，2011年5月10日，何永兴和杨鸿斌签订合伙协议书，就共同投资成立陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司订立协议。内容为：……何永兴占公司65%股份，公司亏盈分摊65%；杨鸿斌占公司35%股份，公司亏盈分摊35%；……合伙经营积累的财产，归合伙人共有。……为合伙债务承担连带责任。出现下列事项，合伙终止：合伙协议双方协商同意。因本协议签订于公司注册以后，协议内所体现的股东与公司章程不同，以本协议为准。公司随后按本协议内容到工商部门进行变更登记。其后何永兴和杨鸿斌、何其均为陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司股东，其中何其占股15%、杨鸿斌占股35%、何永兴占股50%。   2019年3月8日何永兴、何其、杨鸿斌签订《公司退股协议书，上约定：“甲（何永兴）、乙（杨宏斌）、丙（何其）于2011年1月21日成立的“陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司”，本公司自开业以来一直运作良好，为了各自更好的发展，在公平、公正的前提下，经甲、乙、丙三方友好协商一致，同意乙方退出的退股意见：1、由陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司支付乙方杨鸿斌人民币：35万元。此款包含（长安公馆项目当初由陕西新起点安防科技有限公司抵付的房屋款、赵丽工资、公司的退股股金及后期工程利润）。此款于2019年3月8日前支付15万元，于2019年8月支付完毕。如陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司不能按时履约，未付部分则按万分之五每日向乙方杨鸿斌支付利息。债权分割：1、公司和乙方共有债权：位于西安市环城南路16号《长安公馆》9号楼10917房，10楼1005房，1006房三套房产，……及其租金。现在的租金为年收入92185.2元，租金每3年递增6%。2、借给孙振80万元；3、借给龚冬峰25万元。以上债权由陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司与乙方杨鸿斌共同所有。二、公司和乙方共有债权的分配方法：房屋产权及其房产租金：陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司60%,乙方杨鸿斌40%；上述借款陕西永兴建筑装饰有限公司享有60%、乙方杨鸿斌享有40%；……杨鸿斌放弃上述债权第1条房子两年的房租（2019年1月31日至2020年12月31日止）此款及公司后期工程的代收款及公司后期工程项目的代收款用于支付债务，2021年1月1日起，每半年由陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司应向杨鸿斌按比例支付该房屋的租金。上述债权如果出售，杨鸿斌有40%的表决权，如果出售，成交后应在三日内支付乙方40%的房款。在此协议签字之日起，公司所有债务与乙方无关（包括之前、之后）。陕西永兴建筑装饰工程的运营款与杨鸿斌无关。2019年3月27日，陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司与西安凯博尔置业投资有限公司签订换房协议，约定将长安公馆10层11005号房屋和10层11006号房物业更换为10905号房和9层10912号房屋。   以上事实有陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司工商信息、《公司退股协议书》、孙政、龚冬峰欠条《换房协议》、《合伙协议书》及庭审笔录等在卷佐证。   本案争议的焦点为原、被告签订的《公司退股协议书》是否合法有效，双方是否应当按该协议执行。有限责任公司的股东可以相互转让其全部或者部分股权。杨鸿斌将股权转让给何永兴，应当由何永兴向原告支付相应的股权兑价，但是在《公司退股协议书》中约定由陕西永兴以公司财产支付原告股权转让兑价，实际该协议减少了公司资产，不符合股权转让的法律规定，且公司具有独立的财产权，公司法人不得与股东就法人财产形成共有关系，故对该协议中约定由陕西永兴支付杨鸿斌款项部分及债权和房屋分配等财产分配部分应属无效（包括“公司内部债务分割条款”、公司债权分割部分第一条、第二条中财产分配部分）。对于该款项中包含的赵丽工资和公司利润分配的部分，可另案起诉。该合同中约定合同、收据、借条由杨鸿斌保管，属于股东之间真实意思的表示，未违反法律规定，故该约定有效，陕西永兴反诉要求杨鸿斌返的诉求依法不予支持。陕西永兴反诉请求杨鸿斌偿还借款，与本案并非同一法律关系，依法可另案起诉。综上所述，根据《中华人民共和国民法总则》第五十七、六十条、《中华人民共和国合同法》第五十二条、《中华人民共和国公司法》第七十一条之规定，判决如下：   一、  驳回本诉原告杨鸿斌的诉讼请求；   二、  确认2019年3月8日何永兴、何其、杨鸿斌签订《公司退股协议书》中由陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司向杨鸿斌支付款项和分割房产、债权、房屋租金部分无效。   三、  驳回反诉原告其余诉讼请求。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       本案本诉受理费18452元，本诉原告杨鸿斌已预交，由本诉原告负担。反诉费2861元，反诉原告陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司已预交，由反诉被告杨鸿斌负担2600元，剩余由反诉原告陕西永兴建筑装饰工程有限公司负担。   如不服本判决，可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。    审 判 长  李翌平    审判员  史红梅    人民陪审员  李娟    二O二O年十月二十三日   书记员  何易蒙           1