陕西省西安市中级人民法院 陕西省西安市中级人民法院 民  事  裁  定  书   (2021)陕01民申263号再审申请人（一审被告、二审上诉人)：张成双，男，汉族，1968年10月19日出生，住榆林市子洲县。委托诉讼代理人：杨理论，陕西润海律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人： 杨远，陕西润海律师事务所律师。被申请人（一审原告、二审被上诉人）：高仁发，男，1955年6月1日出生，汉族，住西安市莲湖区。 再审申请人张成双因与被申请人高仁发民间借贷纠纷一案，不服本院（2020）陕01民终5966号民事判决，向本院申请再审。本院依法组成合议庭进行了审查，现已审查终结。张成双申请再审称，其与被申请人及案外人何明珠签订《东岸阳光7号楼联合开发协议》，约定共同开发东岸阳光7号楼在建项目，其与被申请人之间系合作开发房地产关系而非民间借贷关系。《收条》及《还款承诺》均是被申请人在其办公室胁迫申请人出具，不具有法律效力。二审判决认为“本案双方虽然基础法律关系为合作开发房地产合同，但通过协商后张成双向高仁发出具《还款承诺》，本案双方法律关系已转化为民间借贷关系”，事实及法律认定错误。一审中申请人提出管辖权异议并申请对《收条》形成时间进行司法鉴定，然一审法院未作任何答复，二审法院对此仍不予审查，审判程序明显错误。综上，二审判决认定事实及适用法律错误，现依据《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百条第二项、第六项规定申请再审。本院经审查认为，根据《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第十五条规定，原告以借据、收据、欠条等债权凭证为依据提起民间借贷诉讼，被告依据基础法律关系提出抗辩或者反诉，并提供证据证明债权纠纷非民间借贷行为引起的，人民法院应当依据查明的案件事实，按照基础法律关系审理。当事人通过调解、和解或者清算达成债权债务协议的，不适用前款规定。本案中，虽然张成双与高仁发之间的基础法律关系为合作开发房地产合同，但通过协商后张成双向高仁发出具还款承诺，本案双方法律关系已转化为民间借贷法律关系，故一审法院按照民间借贷关系审理正确，二审法院予以维持亦无不妥。张成双上诉主张《还款承诺》系受高仁发胁迫出具，但未提供充分证据证明，二审对其不承担本案借款偿还义务的上诉请求不予支持，并无不当。综上，原审认定事实清楚，审判程序合法，适用法律正确，张成双的再审申请不符合《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百条第二项、第六项规定的情形。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百零四条第一款，《最高人民法院关于适用的解释》第三百九十五条第二款规定，裁定如下： 驳回张成双的再审申请。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         审 判 长  李      娟审  判  员  唐      辉审  判  员  陈  媛  媛 二○二一年五月十日  书 记 员  张      莹   1