陕西省西安市中级人民法院陕西省西安市中级人民法院民   事   判  决   书                           （2019）陕01民终7180号 上诉人（原审原告）：陈忠茂，男, 1965年5月14日出生,汉族，个体户，住西安市鄠邑区草堂镇宋南村南新街456号。委托诉讼代理人：满守军，西安市鄠邑区甘亭法律服务所法律工作者。被上诉人（原审被告）：李轩，男，1989年1月3日出生，汉族，陕西省设计院员工，住西安市鄠邑区草堂镇宋西村和平街125号。委托诉讼代理人：李生民，男，1964年11月7日出生，汉族，个体户，住西安市鄠邑区草堂镇宋西村和平街125号。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      上诉人陈忠茂因与被上诉人李轩委托合同纠纷一案，不服西安市鄠邑区人民法院(2019)陕0118民初55号民事判决，向本院提起上诉。本院受理后，依法组成合议庭进行审理。本案现已审理终结。陈忠茂上诉请求：1.撤销一审判决，支持其一审诉讼请求；2.一、二审诉讼费用由李轩承担。事实与理由：2015年6月24日李轩通过手机将电子版设计图纸发送给陈忠茂，次日陈忠茂支付给李生民30000元，该款项包含设计、消防、验收费用，自此不论该图纸是否合乎规范，就该设计图纸一事已经完结，一审认定2015年12月31日其支付给李轩的25000元仍是设计费，属于事实认定不清。一审法院认可其提供的微信记录的真实性、关联性及证明目的，但在判决中并未采纳，故一审判决是在事实不清的基础上作出的错误判决。此外，约定设计费应包含在2015年6月25日的30000元中，而2015年12月31日给付的25000元明显指向消防手续，是陈忠茂委托李轩办理消防手续的居间合同的居间费，李轩也认可该项费用为消防费用，有微信聊天记录为证。原审判决中事实认定部分称在办理过程中，应李轩要求其向李轩提出了建筑要求，李轩按照其要求设计了建筑图纸，设计费用25000元，以上认定事实将李轩提供涉及图纸的时间延迟到2015年12月31 之后，否定了2015年6月24日提供电子版设计图纸的事实，属于错误的主观臆断。本案涉及的是消防手续居间合同关系，根据合同法第427条规定应当按照“未促成合同成立居间人不得要求报酬，已收取的应当无条件退还”来处理。李轩辩称，本案不是居间合同关系，属于委托关系，25000元属于两幅图纸的设计费，是劳动所得。   陈忠茂向一审法院起诉请求：1.判令李轩返还25000元；2.本案诉讼费由李轩承担。一审法院认定事实：2015年6月中旬，陈忠茂委托李轩及李轩父亲李生民为其办理私人宾馆的消防手续，6月25日陈忠茂给付李生民30000元用作宾馆的设计、消防、验收款。2015年12月陈忠茂又给李轩付款25000元，李轩承诺为陈忠茂办理消防验收合格单。在办理过程中，应李轩要求，陈忠茂向李轩提供了建筑要求，李轩按照陈忠茂要求进行了建筑设计，并向陈忠茂提交了设计图纸，设计费用25000元。因陈忠茂的宾馆没有土地审批手续，致消防相关手续无法办好，李生民已于2018年8月底将30000元返还陈忠茂。2019年1月2日，陈忠茂诉至法院，要求李轩返还25000元。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             一审法院认为，委托合同是委托人和受托人约定，由受托人处理委托人事务的合同。合同部分无效，不影响其他部分效力的，其他部分仍然有效。陈忠茂明知自己的宾馆无土地审批手续无法办理消防相关手续，仍将办理该手续的事务委托给李轩，双方之间的委托合同为无效合同，但关于建筑设计的委托并不违反法律的强制性规定，该部分委托有效。委托人应当预付处理委托事务的费用。李轩受陈忠茂委托为其完成了建筑设计，陈忠茂也支付了费用，双方各自履行了义务，陈忠茂要求李轩返还费用没有法律依据。依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第五十六条、第三百九十六条、第三百九十八条之规定，判决：驳回陈忠茂要求李轩返还25000之诉讼请求。本案案件受理费430元，减半收取215元，由陈忠茂负担。本院二审期间，当事人围绕上诉请求依法提交了证据。本院组织当事人进行了证据交换和质证。陈忠茂提交其与李轩的微信聊天记录，证明本案涉及的25000元不是设计费，而是办理消防手续的费用。李轩认可该证据真实性，但不认可25000元为消防费，认为该部分费用为设计费，消防办不下来是因为房屋属于违建，不符合办理规定，同时办消防的30000元已经退还。一审查明其余事实属实，本院予以确认。本院认为，陈忠茂因为其建设的宾馆，委托李轩办理消防验收手续，并先后于2015年6月25日、2015年12月15日分别给李轩及其父亲李生明30000元、25000元用于建筑设计以及办理消防验收手续。因涉案房屋没有取得土地使用审批手续，故办理消防的委托因违反法律法规的强制规定而无效。但对于建筑设计的委托并无无效事由而有效，委托人应当就其委托事由支付报酬。本案中，李轩受陈忠茂委托设计涉案宾馆建设图纸，并支付了费用，陈忠茂表示收到图纸，应当认定李轩已经完成委托事项，就其劳动成果理应获得报酬。一审判决驳回陈忠茂要求李轩返还25000元，并无不当。综上述所，一审判决正确，应予维持。依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百七十条第一款第（一）项之规定，判决如下：驳回上诉，维持原判。二审案件受理费425元，由上诉人陈忠茂负担。本判决为终审判决。 审 判 长  张 安 品审  判  员  崔  志  刚审  判  员   赵  羽  嘉  二Ｏ一九年七月二日 书 记 员  张  舒  涵