西 安 市 碑 林 区 人 民 法 院西 安 市 碑 林 区 人 民 法 院  民 事 判 决 书  （2019)陕0103民初13603号 原告：马先菊，女，1970年10月3日出生，汉族，无业，住西安市碑林区。委托诉讼代理人：周永东，陕西博硕律师事务所律师。委托诉讼代理人：曹静，陕西博硕律师事务所实习律师。被告：河南上合惠实业有限公司，住所地：上蔡县产业集聚区。法定代表人：徐艳芳，董事长。委托诉讼代理人：刘二昂，男，该公司工程部经理，住河南省上蔡县。被告：徐艳芳，女，1980年2月9日出生，汉族，河南上合惠实业有限公司法定代表人，住广东省惠州市。委托诉讼代理人：刘二昂，简况同前。被告：张金迎，男，1966年7月13日出生，汉族，职业不详，住河南省上蔡县。被告：董晓伟，男，1973年11月20日出生，汉族，个体经营者，住广东省惠东县。委托诉讼代理人：皮建彪，广东九韬律师事务所律师。被告：苏理双，男，1967年1月26日出生，汉族，个体经营者，住广东省惠东县。委托诉讼代理人：皮建彪，广东九韬律师事务所律师。原告马先菊与被告河南上合惠实业有限公司（以下简称“上合惠公司”）、徐艳芳、张金迎、董晓伟、苏理双民间借贷纠纷一案，本院立案受理后，依据《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民法院在部分地区开展民事诉讼程序繁简分流改革试点工作的决定》，本案适用普通程序，由审判员独任公开开庭进行了审理。原告马先菊之委托诉讼代理人周永东、曹静到庭参加了诉讼，被告上合惠公司及被告徐艳芳共同委托诉讼代理人刘二昂到庭参加了诉讼，被告董晓伟、苏理双共同委托诉讼代理人皮建彪到庭参加了诉讼，被告张金迎经本院传票传唤无正当理由未到庭应诉，本案现已审理终结。原告马先菊向本院提出诉讼请求：1、判令被告河南上合惠实业有限公司归还借款本金人民币500万元，并按照月利率2%支付从2017年2月24日至实际给付之日的利息；2、判令被告徐艳芳、张金迎、董晓伟、苏理双在未出资范围内对上述债务承担补充赔偿责任；3、本案诉讼费由五被告承担。事实和理由：2017年2月24日被告上合惠公司因经营困难，向原告借款人民币500万元，约定月息2%，借款期限一个月。后原告通过银行转账分五笔给付上合惠公司上述借款。约定还款期限届满后，被告上合惠公司未按期还款。另，被告徐艳芳、张金迎、董晓伟、苏理双作为上合惠公司的股东，尚未完全履行出资义务，依法应当在未出资范围内对上述借款承担补充清偿责任。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            被告上合惠公司、徐艳芳共同辩称，借款属实，因张金迎、董晓伟及苏理双的出资款迟迟不到位，因此一直无法偿还借款，被告徐艳芳已经履行其29%共计1740万元的全部出资义务，被告上合惠公司应承担还款责任，但被告徐艳芳不应承担还款责任。当时该笔500万元借款是用于消防，水电及员工工资，确实属于被告上合惠公司的借款。被告董晓伟、苏理双共同辩称，1、被告董晓伟、苏理双对于借款情况不清楚，理由：被告徐艳芳是被告上合惠公司的法人，作为法人，是管理及掌握公章的，原告提供的借条若属实，也是写明由被告徐艳芳经手，也可以说明被告董晓伟及苏理双对是否发生借款并不清楚，按照法律规定，如公司要对外借贷，应通过公司股东会决议并签订正式的借贷合同，因此被告董晓伟、苏理双对于该笔借款不予认可。2、被告上合惠公司在2016年4月14日注册成立，成立时注册资本6000万元，成立时的实缴资本是2188万元，其余是认缴资本，按照章程规定要在2017年12月31日前缴足，被告董晓伟、苏理双认可该笔500万元进入公司账户，但被告徐艳芳当时称系其本人的出资，被告徐艳芳称其1740元的实际出资已经履行，希望法庭调查其实际出资的数额是否包含该500万元；各被告均有出资，具体的出资数额应通过查实账目核对一下，原告向被告上合惠公司的500万元转账应认定为被告徐艳芳个人的出资，若存在借贷，应认为是被告徐艳芳与原告之间的借贷，且原告的借条内容也写明是由法人徐艳芳经手向原告借款。3、目前被告上合惠公司存在大量的债权债务纠纷，由于工程建设的确拖欠了工程款，但是之前实缴的资本也用在了工程建设的项目上，目前公司是有相应的固定资产，有土地及已经建设的部分工程，这些资产均在被告上合惠公司名下，即使该笔借贷关系成立，也应由被告上合惠公司在目前现有的资产范围内先行承担还款责任，不足部分由其余被告在未缴资本范围内承担责任。4、被告董晓伟、苏理双在公司成立前后，已经履行了部分的出资义务，但数额无法确定，应查账明确，被告上合惠公司应向出资股东出具出资证明。综上，该笔500万元借款系被告徐艳芳当时的出资，系被告徐艳芳个人的借贷，被告徐艳芳在借条上借款的行为不属于公司行为，应无效，由被告徐艳芳个人承担还款责任，请求法院驳回对被告董晓伟、苏理双起诉。被告张金迎未到庭答辩。原告围绕其诉请提交了以下证据：证据一：1、2017年2月24日被告上合惠公司向原告出具的《借条》；2、2017年2月23日及2月24日，原告银行转账记录5笔；证明借款本金及利息。证据二：被告上合惠公司工商信息一份；证明被告上合惠公司各股东出资情况。证据三：广东金卓越律师事务所函一份及复函一份。证明被告徐艳芳、张金迎、董晓伟、苏理双未全面履行出资义务。被告徐艳芳围绕其答辩提交了以下证据：被告上合惠公司2019年底明细账,证明各股东出资情况。被告董晓伟、苏理双围绕其答辩提交了以下证据：证据一：银行转账记录4张。证明其出资事实；证据二：上合惠公司在河南省XX社XX户交易明细，证明上合惠公司向原告还款100万。本院组织当事人进行了证据交换和举证质证，根据当事人陈述和经审查确认的证据，本院认定事实如下： 2017年2月23日至2017年2月24日，原告马先菊通过其个人银行账户6228************向被告上合惠公司账户4117**************转账五笔，每笔100万元，共计500万元。2017年2月24日被告上合惠公司向原告出具《借条》，“河南上合惠公司于2017年2月24日由法人徐艳芳经手向马先菊借人民币五百万元整，用于公司项目在上蔡的鞋业产业园投资。双方约定一月内归还，如果延期还款则从借款之日起按月息百分之二计算利息”。借条人上载明借款人为上合惠公司并加盖公章，经手人为徐艳芳。截止起诉之日，被告上合惠公司未按约定归还借款。另查明，被告徐艳芳、张金迎、董晓伟、苏理双为上合惠公司的股东。上合惠公司章程记载徐艳芳出资1740万元、董晓伟出资1560万元、张金迎出资1410万元、苏理双出资1290万元，以上出资方式均为认缴，出资到期时间均为2017年12月31日。各被告对于具体的股东出资各自陈述不一致，且公司账目混乱，未向法院提交相关的审计报告。本院认为，原告向被告上合惠公司出借款项，被告上合惠公司向原告出具借条，双方之间形成民间借贷法律关系。关于借款本金，被告上合惠公司2017年2月24日出具的《借条》，与原告在2017年2月23日至2017年2月24日期间的银行转账记录可以相互印证，故原告向被告上合惠公司实际出借款项为500万元。原告与被告上合惠公司约定借期一个月，现借款期限已届满，原告有权主张被告上合惠公司偿还借款本金500万元。关于借款利息，《借条》约定借期一个月，延期还款则从借款之日起按月息百分之二计算利息，该约定利率符合法律规定，本院予以认可，故利息应自2017年2月24日起算，以500万元为基数，按月利率2%计算至本判决确定的履行期限届满之日。被告董晓伟、苏理双辩称被告上合惠公司的上述借款未经股东会表决，借款行为无效，因公司章程并未约定公司对外借款必须经股东会投票表决同意才可对外作出，故公司法定代表人为公司经营需要对外借款的行为系其在职权内行使权利，合法有效；被告董晓伟、苏理双辩称借款属于被告徐艳芳的投资款未提供证据证明；被告董晓伟、苏理双辩称被告上合惠公司向黄某某转款100万元系偿付原告马先菊的借款，经核实该笔借款系上合惠公司向黄某某支付的材料款，与本案借款无关；综上，被告董晓伟、苏理双的辩称本院不予采信。本案中，所涉股东出资认缴期限虽已于2017年12月31日届满，但原告系与被告上合惠公司之间的民间借贷纠纷，股东出资系另一法律关系，现无法确定公司资产是否足以清偿其债务，且各被告提供的各自出资证据不一致，同时公司账目混乱，无法核算各股东具体的实际出资数额，故原告要求各股东在未出资范围内承担补充赔偿责任，本案不予涉及，其可在执行阶段追加未出资股东为被执行人。综上，依照《中华人民共和国合同法》第一百九十六条、第二百零五条、第二百零六条、第二百一十条、第二百一十一条，《最高人民法院关于审理民间借贷案件适用法律若干问题的规定》第二十九条，《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第一百四十四条之规定，判决如下：一、被告河南上合惠实业有限公司于本判决生效之日起十五日内偿还原告马先菊借款本金500万元。二、被告河南上合惠实业有限公司以500万元为基数，按年利率24%向原告马先菊支付自2017年2月24日起至本判决确定的履行期限届满之日止的借款利息。三、驳回原告马先菊的其余诉讼请求。如果未按本判决指定的期间履行给付金钱义务,应当依照《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第二百五十三条之规定,加倍支付迟延履行期间的债务利息。案件受理费68500元由被告河南上合惠实业有限公司负担（此款原告已预交，被告河南上合惠实业有限公司于履行本判决时直付原告）。如不服本判决,可在判决书送达之日起十五日内，向本院递交上诉状，并按对方当事人的人数提出副本，上诉于陕西省西安市中级人民法院。    审  判  员      卢   颖   二〇二〇年八月十九日   书  记  员      皇甫淑敏