Question: When did the country that joined an alliance with the sunniest country in the world, Syria and Saudi Arabia gain independence?

<P0-S0> the war is also known under other names, such as the persian gulf war, first gulf war, gulf war i, kuwait war, first iraq war or iraq war, before the term ``iraq war ''became identified instead with the 2003 iraq war (also referred to in the us as`` operation iraqi freedom''). <P0-S1> the iraqi army's occupation of kuwait that began 2 august 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against iraq by members of the un security council. <P0-S2> together with the uk's prime minister margaret thatcher (who had fiercely resisted the invasion by argentina of the falkland islands a decade earlier), george bush deployed us forces into saudi arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. <P0-S3> an array of nations joined the coalition, forming the largest military alliance since world war ii. <P0-S4> the great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the us, with saudi arabia, the united kingdom and egypt as leading contributors, in that order. <P0-S5> kuwait and saudi arabia paid around us $32 billion of the us $60 billion cost. <SEP> <P1-S0> the war is also known under other names, such as the persian gulf war, first gulf war, gulf war i, kuwait war, first iraq war or iraq war, before the term ``iraq war ''became identified instead with the 2003 iraq war (also referred to in the us as`` operation iraqi freedom''). <P1-S1> the iraqi army's occupation of kuwait that began 2 august 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against iraq by members of the un security council. <P1-S2> us president george h.w. <P1-S3> bush deployed us forces into saudi arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. <P1-S4> an array of nations joined the coalition, the largest military alliance since world war ii. <P1-S5> the great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the us, with saudi arabia, the united kingdom and egypt as leading contributors, in that order. <P1-S6> kuwait and saudi arabia paid around us $32 billion of the us $60 billion cost. <SEP> <P2-S0> Most of Egypt's rain falls in the winter months. <P2-S1> South of Cairo, rainfall averages only around 2 to 5 mm (0.1 to 0.2 in) per year and at intervals of many years. <P2-S2> On a very thin strip of the northern coast the rainfall can be as high as 410 mm (16.1 in), mostly between October and March. <P2-S3> Snow falls on Sinai's mountains and some of the north coastal cities such as Damietta, Baltim, Sidi Barrany, etc. <P2-S4> and rarely in Alexandria. <P2-S5> A very small amount of snow fell on Cairo on 13 December 2013, the first time Cairo received snowfall in many decades. <P2-S6> Frost is also known in mid-Sinai and mid-Egypt. <P2-S7> Egypt is the driest and the sunniest country in the world, and most of its land surface is desert. <SEP> <P3-S0> In January 1957, the US adopted the Eisenhower Doctrine and pledged to prevent the spread of communism and its perceived agents in the Middle East. <P3-S1> Although Nasser was an opponent of communism in the region, his promotion of pan-Arabism was viewed as a threat by pro-Western states in the region. <P3-S2> Eisenhower tried to isolate Nasser and reduce his regional influence by attempting to transform King Saud into a counterweight. <P3-S3> Also in January, the elected Jordanian prime minister and Nasser supporter Sulayman al-Nabulsi brought Jordan into a military pact with Egypt, Syria, and Saudi Arabia. <SEP> <P4-S0> As a developing constitutional monarchy, Jordan has survived the trials and tribulations of Middle Eastern politics. <P4-S1> The Jordanian public has experienced limited democracy since gaining independence in 1946 however the population has not suffered as others have under dictatorships imposed by some Arab regimes. <P4-S2> The 1952 Constitution provided for citizens of Jordan to form and join political parties. <P4-S3> Such rights were suspended in 1967 when a state of emergency was declared and martial law and suspension of Parliament, continuing until it was repealed in 1989.