winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: When did the collision take place between North America and the continent the river of which Tebicuary River is a tributary can be found?

<P0-S0> the north concho river is a river in west-central texas and one of three tributaries of the concho river. <P0-S1> the river is long. <P0-S2> the other two tributaries are the middle concho and south concho rivers. <P0-S3> the concho river flows into the colorado river (in texas, not to be confused with the colorado that flows through arizona and nevada). <SEP> <P1-S0> The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. <P1-S1> Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P2-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P3-S0> A significant body of water (referred to as the Central American Seaway) once separated the continents of North and South America, allowing the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to mix freely. <P3-S1> Beneath the surface, two plates of the Earth's crust were slowly colliding, forcing the Cocos Plate to slide under the Caribbean Plate. <P3-S2> The pressure and heat caused by this collision led to the formation of underwater volcanoes, some of which grew large enough to form islands as early as 15 million years ago. <P3-S3> Meanwhile, movement of the two tectonic plates was also pushing up the sea floor, eventually forcing some areas above sea level. <SEP> <P4-S0> the kitwanga river is a tributary of the skeena river near hazelton in northwestern british columbia, canada, joining that stream at the community of kitwanga (gitwangak), which means "people of the place of rabbits".
Question: In the continent where the river that has the Tebicuary River as a tributary, who became known as the liberator?

<P0-S0> The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. <P0-S1> Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P1-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P2-S0> Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad de Bolívar y Palacios (Spanish: (siˈmon boˈliβar) (listen); 24 July 1783 -- 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar and also colloquially as El Libertador, was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played a leading role in the establishment of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule. <SEP> <P3-S0> the chaco wash is an arroyo (a periodic stream) cutting through chaco canyon, which is located in northwestern new mexico on the colorado plateau. <P3-S1> another arroyo known as escavada wash is a tributary that feeds in from the northeast, near the western end of chaco canyon. <P3-S2> chaco wash flows northwest to become the intermittent chaco river. <P3-S3> it is a tributary of the san juan river. <SEP> <P4-S0> the river ravensbourne is a tributary of the river thames in south london, england. <P4-S1> it flows into the tidal river thames at deptford, where its tidal reach is known as deptford creek.
Question: When did the continent on which can be found the river that the Tebicuary River is a tributary of became a collection of independent states?

<P0-S0> The Spanish colonies won their independence in the first quarter of the 19th century, in the Spanish American wars of independence. <P0-S1> Simón Bolívar (Greater Colombia, Peru, Bolivia), José de San Martín (United Provinces of the River Plate, Chile, and Peru), and Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile) led their independence struggle. <P0-S2> Although Bolivar attempted to keep the Spanish - speaking parts of the continent politically unified, they rapidly became independent of one another. <SEP> <P1-S0> the laurel river is a tributary of the cumberland river in southeast kentucky in the united states. <P1-S1> the river drains a rural region in the foothills of the appalachian mountains, in parts of whitley and laurel counties. <P1-S2> the town of corbin is located on the river about east of its mouth on the cumberland, and near the confluence with a major tributary, the little laurel river. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P2-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. <P3-S1> Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> <P4-S0> iratapina river is a river of amapá state in brazil. <P4-S1> it is a tributary of the jari river which is part of the amazon river basin.
Question: when did the continent where São Lourenço River is located take the form it has today?

<P0-S0> today both the papireto river and the kemonia are covered up by buildings. <P0-S1> however, the shape of the former watercourses can still be recognised today, because the streets that were built on them follow their shapes. <P0-S2> today the only waterway not drained yet is the oreto river that divides the downtown of the city from the western uptown and the industrial districts. <P0-S3> in the basins there were, though, many seasonal torrents that helped formed swampy plains, reclaimed during history; a good example of which can be found in the borough of mondello. <SEP> <P1-S0> In the last million years since the Late Miocene, South America became connected with the continent of North America via the Panama Block that closed the marine Bolivar Trough, leading to the Great American Interchange, the interchange of biota from both continents. <P1-S1> The first species discovered to have made the northward migration was Pliometanastes, a fossil ground sloth species, roughly the size of a modern black bear. <P1-S2> Several migrations to the Southern Hemisphere were undertaken by tougher, North American mammal carnivores; fewer species migrated in the opposite direction from south to north. <P1-S3> The result of the intrusion of North American fauna was that hundreds of South American species became extinct in a relatively short time and that about 60% of present - day South American mammals have evolved from North American species. <P1-S4> However, some species were able to adapt and spread into North America. <P1-S5> Apart from Pliometanastes, during the Irvingtonian stage of the mammal land stages, around 1.9 Ma, species as Pampatherium, a giant armadillo, ground sloth Megatherium, giant anteater Myrmecophaga, a Neogene capybara (Hydrochoerus), Meizonyx, opossum Didelphis, and Mixotoxodon followed the route north. <P1-S6> The terror bird Titanis was the only discovered South American carnivore species who made the journey into North America. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P2-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P3-S0> vicente nicolau de mesquita (july 9, 1818 in são lourenço, portuguese macau – march 20, 1880 in são lourenço, portuguese macau) was an officer of the portuguese army in macau. <P3-S1> he is widely remembered for his role at the portuguese attack of baishaling, in 1849. he was the oldest of the five children of noted macanese lawyer, frederico albino de mesquita and clara esmeralda carneiro - both macau natives. <P3-S2> he married twice; first to balbina maria da silveira; second to his sister-in-law carolina maria josefa da silveira. <SEP> <P4-S0> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
Question: When do purple martins migrate to the continent where São Lourenço River is located?

<P0-S0> the abaeté river is a river of minas gerais state in southeastern brazil. <P0-S1> its origin is in the serra da canastra, about north of são gotardo and it passes through são gonçalo do abaeté. <P0-S2> the river runs nearly north and empties into the são francisco river, the confluence being located at . <P0-S3> the pontal area at the abaeté river mouth is an important spawning site for fish. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P1-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P2-S0> The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. <P2-S1> Its winter range extends into Ecuador but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills. <SEP> <P3-S0> wintering in south america, purple martins migrate to north america in spring to breed. <P3-S1> spring migration is somewhat staggered, with arrivals in southern areas such as florida and texas in january, but showing up in the northern united states in april and in canada as late as may. <P3-S2> males usually arrive at a site before females. <SEP> <P4-S0> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
Question: Who explored the mainland of the continent on which the mouth of the São Lourenço River can be found?

<P0-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P0-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P1-S0> wilkes land is named after lieutenant charles wilkes (later a rear admiral), the american explorer who commanded the 1838–42 united states exploring expedition. <P1-S1> the naming is in recognition of wilkes' discovery of the continental margin over a distance of 2,400 km (1,500 miles) of coast, thus providing substantial proof that antarctica is a continent. <P1-S2> this definition of extent excludes the area east of 142°02' e, george v land, which was sighted by wilkes but has been shown by later expeditions to be further south than the positions originally assigned by him. <SEP> <P2-S0> The continent's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and, more locally, with African slaves. <P2-S1> Given a long history of colonialism, the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish, and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions. <SEP> <P3-S0> the abaeté river is a river of minas gerais state in southeastern brazil. <P3-S1> its origin is in the serra da canastra, about north of são gotardo and it passes through são gonçalo do abaeté. <P3-S2> the river runs nearly north and empties into the são francisco river, the confluence being located at . <P3-S3> the pontal area at the abaeté river mouth is an important spawning site for fish. <SEP> <P4-S0> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
Question: When did a collision take place between North America, and the continent that holds the river with the São Lourenço as its mouth?

<P0-S0> the newark and new york railroad was a passenger rail line that ran between downtown newark and the communipaw terminal at the mouth of the north river (hudson river) in jersey city, bridging the hackensack river and passaic river just north of their mouths at the newark bay in northeastern new jersey. <P0-S1> the central railroad of new jersey operated it from its opening in 1869. through operation ended in 1946; portions remained in use until 1967. <SEP> <P1-S0> A significant body of water (referred to as the Central American Seaway) once separated the continents of North and South America, allowing the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to mix freely. <P1-S1> Beneath the surface, two plates of the Earth's crust were slowly colliding, forcing the Cocos Plate to slide under the Caribbean Plate. <P1-S2> The pressure and heat caused by this collision led to the formation of underwater volcanoes, some of which grew large enough to form islands as early as 15 million years ago. <P1-S3> Meanwhile, movement of the two tectonic plates was also pushing up the sea floor, eventually forcing some areas above sea level. <SEP> <P2-S0> the carboniferous was a time of active mountain building, as the supercontinent pangea came together. <P2-S1> the southern continents remained tied together in the supercontinent gondwana, which collided with north america-europe (laurussia) along the present line of eastern north america. <P2-S2> this continental collision resulted in the hercynian orogeny in europe, and the alleghenian orogeny in north america; it also extended the newly uplifted appalachians southwestward as the ouachita mountains. <P2-S3> in the same time frame, much of present eastern eurasian plate welded itself to europe along the line of the ural mountains. <P2-S4> there were two major oceans in the carboniferous the panthalassa and paleo-tethys. <P2-S5> other minor oceans were shrinking and eventually closed the rheic ocean (closed by the assembly of south and north america), the small, shallow ural ocean (which was closed by the collision of baltica, and siberia continents, creating the ural mountains) and proto-tethys ocean. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P3-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P4-S0> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay.
Question: Who became known as the liberator of the continent containing the river for which the São Lourenço is a tributary?

<P0-S0> Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad de Bolívar y Palacios (Spanish: (siˈmon boˈliβar) (listen); 24 July 1783 -- 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar and also colloquially as El Libertador, was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played a leading role in the establishment of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule. <SEP> <P1-S0> the são mateus river (santa catarina) is a river of santa catarina state in southeastern brazil. <P1-S1> it is part of the uruguay river basin and a tributary of the lava-tudo river. <SEP> <P2-S0> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P3-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P4-S0> by the late 1950s, when other emerging nations across the african continent were demanding independence, a small group of são toméans had formed the movement for the liberation of são tomé and príncipe (mlstp), which eventually established its base in nearby gabon. <P4-S1> picking up momentum in the 1960s, events moved quickly after the overthrow of the caetano dictatorship in portugal in april 1974. the new portuguese regime was committed to the dissolution of its overseas colonies; in november 1974, their representatives met with the mlstp in algiers and worked out an agreement for the transfer of sovereignty. <P4-S2> after a period of transitional government, são tomé and príncipe achieved independence on july 12, 1975, choosing as its first president the mlstp secretary general manuel pinto da costa.
Question: When did the continent on which the mouth of the São Lourenço River can be found become a collection of independent states?

<P0-S0> by the late 1950s, when other emerging nations across the african continent were demanding independence, a small group of são toméans had formed the movement for the liberation of são tomé and príncipe (mlstp), which eventually established its base in nearby gabon. <P0-S1> picking up momentum in the 1960s, events moved quickly after the overthrow of the caetano dictatorship in portugal in april 1974. the new portuguese regime was committed to the dissolution of its overseas colonies; in november 1974, their representatives met with the mlstp in algiers and worked out an agreement for the transfer of sovereignty. <P0-S2> after a period of transitional government, são tomé and príncipe achieved independence on july 12, 1975, choosing as its first president the mlstp secretary general manuel pinto da costa. <SEP> <P1-S0> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Spanish colonies won their independence in the first quarter of the 19th century, in the Spanish American wars of independence. <P2-S1> Simón Bolívar (Greater Colombia, Peru, Bolivia), José de San Martín (United Provinces of the River Plate, Chile, and Peru), and Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile) led their independence struggle. <P2-S2> Although Bolivar attempted to keep the Spanish - speaking parts of the continent politically unified, they rapidly became independent of one another. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <P3-S1> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> <P4-S0> wassaw sound is a bay of the atlantic ocean on the coast of georgia, united states near savannah at the mouth of the wilmington river.
Question: When did the country whose capital is Christ Bongo's birthplace become independent?

<P0-S0> ali bongo ondimba (born alain bernard bongo; 9 february 1959), sometimes known as ali bongo, is a gabonese politician who has been president of gabon since october 2009. <SEP> <P1-S0> Christ Bongo-Zanoni (born 11 August 1976 in Kinshasa) is a former Congolese football player. <P1-S1> He has played for SV Wilhelmshaven, Hannover 96, Gazélec Ajaccio, FC Aarau, FC Schaffhausen, FC Solothurn, FC Thun and FC 105 Libreville. <SEP> <P2-S0> The capital, Brazzaville, is located on the Congo River, in the south of the country, immediately across from Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P3-S0> when emperor haile selassie unilaterally dissolved the eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the eritrean liberation front (elf) waged an armed struggle for independence. <P3-S1> the ensuing eritrean war for independence went on for 30 years against successive ethiopian governments until 1991, when the eritrean people's liberation front (eplf), a successor of the elf, defeated the ethiopian forces in eritrea and helped a coalition of ethiopian rebel forces take control of the ethiopian capital addis ababa. <SEP> <P4-S0> After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. <P4-S1> However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. <P4-S2> Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. <P4-S3> Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. <P4-S4> He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. <P4-S5> Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. <P4-S6> However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. <P4-S7> Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place.
Question: When was independence achieved for the country where Yves Kibuey was born?

<P0-S0> when emperor haile selassie unilaterally dissolved the eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the eritrean liberation front (elf) waged an armed struggle for independence. <P0-S1> the ensuing eritrean war for independence went on for 30 years against successive ethiopian governments until 1991, when the eritrean people's liberation front (eplf), a successor of the elf, defeated the ethiopian forces in eritrea and helped a coalition of ethiopian rebel forces take control of the ethiopian capital addis ababa. <SEP> <P1-S0> The capital, Brazzaville, is located on the Congo River, in the south of the country, immediately across from Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P2-S0> After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. <P2-S1> However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. <P2-S2> Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. <P2-S3> Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. <P2-S4> He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. <P2-S5> Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. <P2-S6> However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. <P2-S7> Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place. <SEP> <P3-S0> a referendum on scottish independence from the united kingdom took place on thursday 18 september 2014. the referendum question, which voters answered with ``yes ''or`` no'', was ``should scotland be an independent country? <P3-S1> ''the`` no'' side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour. <P3-S2> the turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the united kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage. <SEP> <P4-S0> Yves Kibuey (born 9 June 1970 in Kinshasa, DR Congo), is a retired DR Congolese footballer who played as a striker.
Question: When did the country where Jean-Santos Muntubila was born become independent?

<P0-S0> He played for AS Bilima Kinshasa, FC Sochaux-Montbéliard, Olympique de Marseille, 1. <P0-S1> FC Saarbrücken, SC Bastia, US Valenciennes and ESA Brive. <SEP> <P1-S0> the dominican independence war gave the dominican republic autonomy from haiti on february 27, 1844. before the war, the island of hispaniola had been united under the haitian government for a period of 22 years when the newly independent nation, previously known as the captaincy general of santo domingo, was unified with haiti in 1822. the criollo class within the country overthrew the spanish crown in 1821 before unifying with haiti a year later. <SEP> <P2-S0> The capital, Brazzaville, is located on the Congo River, in the south of the country, immediately across from Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P3-S0> the recorded history of the dominican republic began when the genoa - born navigator christopher columbus, working for the spanish crown, happened upon a large island in the region of the western atlantic ocean that later came to be known as the caribbean. <P3-S1> it was inhabited by the taíno, an arawakan people, who variously called their island ayiti, bohio, or quisqueya (kiskeya). <P3-S2> columbus promptly claimed the island for the spanish crown, naming it la isla española (``the spanish island ''), later latinized to hispaniola. <P3-S3> what would become the dominican republic was the spanish captaincy general of santo domingo until 1821 except for a time as a french colony from 1795 to 1809. it was then part of a unified hispaniola with haiti from 1822 until 1844. in 1844, dominican independence was proclaimed and the republic, which was often known as santo domingo until the early 20th century, maintained its independence except for a short spanish occupation from 1861 to 1865 and occupation by the united states from 1916 to 1924. <SEP> <P4-S0> After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. <P4-S1> However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. <P4-S2> Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. <P4-S3> Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. <P4-S4> He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. <P4-S5> Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. <P4-S6> However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. <P4-S7> Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place.
Question: When did the country that has the birthplace of Delain Sasa as its capital become independent?

<P0-S0> punjab's geography mostly consists of the alluvial plain of the indus river and its four major tributaries in pakistan, the jhelum, chenab, ravi, and sutlej rivers. <P0-S1> there are several mountainous regions, including the sulaiman mountains in the southwest part of the province, and margalla hills, salt range, and pothohar plateau in the north. <P0-S2> agriculture is the chief source of income and employment in punjab; wheat and cotton are the principal crops. <P0-S3> since independence, punjab has become the seat of political and economic power; it remains the most industrialised province of pakistan. <P0-S4> it counts for 39.2% of large scale manufacturing and 70% of small scale manufacturing in the country. <P0-S5> its capital lahore is a major regional cultural, historical, and economic centre. <SEP> <P1-S0> The capital, Brazzaville, is located on the Congo River, in the south of the country, immediately across from Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P2-S0> the general captaincy of chile ("capitanía general de chile" ) or gobernación de chile, was a territory of the spanish empire, from 1541 to 1818. it comprised most of modern-day chile and southern parts of argentina. <P2-S1> its capital was santiago de chile. <P2-S2> in 1818 it declared itself independent, becoming the republic of chile. <P2-S3> it had a number of spanish governors over its long history and several kings. <SEP> <P3-S0> After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. <P3-S1> However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. <P3-S2> Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. <P3-S3> Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. <P3-S4> He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. <P3-S5> Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. <P3-S6> However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. <P3-S7> Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place. <SEP> <P4-S0> Delain Sasa (born March 9, 1979 in Kinshasa) is a football striker from Congo DR. <P4-S1> He currently plays for KS Bylis Ballsh in Albania. <P4-S2> He previously played in Germany for Bayer Leverkusen and KFC Uerdingen 05, in Turkey for Erzurumspor, and in Albania for KF Partizani Tirana and Flamurtari.
Question: When was independence achieved for the location with a capital city that was the place of birth for Patrick Apataki?

<P0-S0> when emperor haile selassie unilaterally dissolved the eritrean parliament and annexed the country in 1962, the eritrean liberation front (elf) waged an armed struggle for independence. <P0-S1> the ensuing eritrean war for independence went on for 30 years against successive ethiopian governments until 1991, when the eritrean people's liberation front (eplf), a successor of the elf, defeated the ethiopian forces in eritrea and helped a coalition of ethiopian rebel forces take control of the ethiopian capital addis ababa. <SEP> <P1-S0> a referendum on scottish independence from the united kingdom took place on thursday 18 september 2014. the referendum question, which voters answered with ``yes ''or`` no'', was ``should scotland be an independent country? <P1-S1> ''the`` no'' side won, with 2,001,926 (55.3%) voting against independence and 1,617,989 (44.7%) voting in favour. <P1-S2> the turnout of 84.6% was the highest recorded for an election or referendum in the united kingdom since the introduction of universal suffrage. <SEP> <P2-S0> Patrick Kifu Apataki (born 14 May 1979 in Kinshasa) is a DR Congo football, who currently plays for F.C. <P2-S1> Cape Town. <SEP> <P3-S0> The capital, Brazzaville, is located on the Congo River, in the south of the country, immediately across from Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P4-S0> After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. <P4-S1> However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. <P4-S2> Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. <P4-S3> Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. <P4-S4> He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. <P4-S5> Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. <P4-S6> However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. <P4-S7> Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place.
Question: When did the country that has the city where Lola ya Bonobo is found as its capital, become independent?

<P0-S0> The capital, Brazzaville, is located on the Congo River, in the south of the country, immediately across from Kinshasa, the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P1-S0> After an uprising by the Congolese people, Belgium surrendered to the independence of the Congo in 1960. <P1-S1> However, the Congo remained unstable because tribal leaders had more power than the central government. <P1-S2> Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba tried to restore order with the aid of the Soviet Union as part of the Cold War, causing the United States to support a coup led by Colonel Joseph Mobutu in 1965. <P1-S3> Mobutu quickly seized complete power of the Congo and renamed the country Zaire. <P1-S4> He sought to Africanize the country, changing his own name to Mobutu Sese Seko, and demanded that African citizens change their Western names to traditional African names. <P1-S5> Mobutu sought to repress any opposition to his rule, in which he successfully did throughout the 1980s. <P1-S6> However, with his regime weakened in the 1990s, Mobutu was forced to agree to a power - sharing government with the opposition party. <P1-S7> Mobutu remained the head of state and promised elections within the next two years that never took place. <SEP> <P2-S0> when the central junta fell to the french, numerous new juntas appeared all across the americas, eventually resulting in a chain of newly independent countries stretching from argentina and chile in the south, to mexico in the north. <P2-S1> after the death of the king ferdinand vii, in 1833, only cuba and puerto rico remained under spanish rule, until the spanish–american war in 1898. unlike the spanish, the portuguese did not divide their colonial territory in america. <P2-S2> the captaincies they created were subdued to a centralized administration in salvador (later relocated to rio de janeiro) which reported directly to the portuguese crown until its independence in 1822, becoming the empire of brazil. <SEP> <P3-S0> Lola ya Bonobo means 'paradise for bonobos' in Lingala, the main language of Kinshasa. <P3-S1> Lola ya Bonobo is home to about 60 bonobos who live in 30 hectares of primary forest. <SEP> <P4-S0> abuja (/ əˈbuːdʒə /) is the capital city of nigeria located in the centre of the country within the federal capital territory (fct). <P4-S1> it is a planned city and was built mainly in the 1980s, replacing the country's most populous city of lagos as the capital on 12 december 1991. abuja's geography is defined by aso rock, a 400 - metre (1,300 ft) monolith left by water erosion. <P4-S2> the presidential complex, national assembly, supreme court and much of the city extend to the south of the rock. <P4-S3> zuma rock, a 792 - metre (2,598 ft) monolith, lies just north of the city on the expressway to kaduna.
Question: Who explored the mainland of the continent on which the largest country held the the 1989 Copa América?

<P0-S0> The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. <P0-S1> All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated. <SEP> <P1-S0> wilkes land is named after lieutenant charles wilkes (later a rear admiral), the american explorer who commanded the 1838–42 united states exploring expedition. <P1-S1> the naming is in recognition of wilkes' discovery of the continental margin over a distance of 2,400 km (1,500 miles) of coast, thus providing substantial proof that antarctica is a continent. <P1-S2> this definition of extent excludes the area east of 142°02' e, george v land, which was sighted by wilkes but has been shown by later expeditions to be further south than the positions originally assigned by him. <SEP> <P2-S0> Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil Portuguese pronunciation: (bɾaˈziw)), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help info)), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. <P2-S1> At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth - largest country by area and the sixth most populous. <P2-S2> The capital is Brasília, and the most populated city is São Paulo. <P2-S3> The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. <P2-S4> It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world. <SEP> <P3-S0> The continent's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and, more locally, with African slaves. <P3-S1> Given a long history of colonialism, the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish, and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions. <SEP> <P4-S0> the 2019 copa américa will be the 46th edition of the copa américa, the quadrennial international men's football championship organized by south america's football ruling body conmebol. <P4-S1> it will be held in brazil. <P4-S2> the winner of the tournament will earn the right to compete for the 2021 fifa confederations cup. <P4-S3> chile will be the defending champions.
Question: When do purple martins migrate to the continent where the largest country holds a football tournament?

<P0-S0> The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. <P0-S1> All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated. <SEP> <P1-S0> The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. <P1-S1> Its winter range extends into Ecuador but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills. <SEP> <P2-S0> brazil is the largest country in south america, encompassing around half of the continent's land area and population. <P2-S1> the remaining countries and territories are divided among three regions: the andean states, the guianas and the southern cone. <SEP> <P3-S0> wintering in south america, purple martins migrate to north america in spring to breed. <P3-S1> spring migration is somewhat staggered, with arrivals in southern areas such as florida and texas in january, but showing up in the northern united states in april and in canada as late as may. <P3-S2> males usually arrive at a site before females. <SEP> <P4-S0> Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil Portuguese pronunciation: (bɾaˈziw)), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help info)), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. <P4-S1> At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth - largest country by area and the sixth most populous. <P4-S2> The capital is Brasília, and the most populated city is São Paulo. <P4-S3> The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. <P4-S4> It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world.
Question: when did the collision take place between north America and the continent whose biggest country held the 1989 Copa America tournament?

<P0-S0> the carboniferous was a time of active mountain building, as the supercontinent pangea came together. <P0-S1> the southern continents remained tied together in the supercontinent gondwana, which collided with north america-europe (laurussia) along the present line of eastern north america. <P0-S2> this continental collision resulted in the hercynian orogeny in europe, and the alleghenian orogeny in north america; it also extended the newly uplifted appalachians southwestward as the ouachita mountains. <P0-S3> in the same time frame, much of present eastern eurasian plate welded itself to europe along the line of the ural mountains. <P0-S4> there were two major oceans in the carboniferous the panthalassa and paleo-tethys. <P0-S5> other minor oceans were shrinking and eventually closed the rheic ocean (closed by the assembly of south and north america), the small, shallow ural ocean (which was closed by the collision of baltica, and siberia continents, creating the ural mountains) and proto-tethys ocean. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Copa América 1989 football tournament was hosted by Brazil, from 1 to 16 July. <P1-S1> All ten CONMEBOL member nations participated. <SEP> <P2-S0> A significant body of water (referred to as the Central American Seaway) once separated the continents of North and South America, allowing the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to mix freely. <P2-S1> Beneath the surface, two plates of the Earth's crust were slowly colliding, forcing the Cocos Plate to slide under the Caribbean Plate. <P2-S2> The pressure and heat caused by this collision led to the formation of underwater volcanoes, some of which grew large enough to form islands as early as 15 million years ago. <P2-S3> Meanwhile, movement of the two tectonic plates was also pushing up the sea floor, eventually forcing some areas above sea level. <SEP> <P3-S0> Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil Portuguese pronunciation: (bɾaˈziw)), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help info)), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. <P3-S1> At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth - largest country by area and the sixth most populous. <P3-S2> The capital is Brasília, and the most populated city is São Paulo. <P3-S3> The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. <P3-S4> It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world. <SEP> <P4-S0> the 12th world scout jamboree was held july 31 to august 9, 1967, and was hosted by the united states at farragut state park, in the rocky mountains of idaho. <P4-S1> it was the second world scout jamboree to take place in north america.
Question: When do purple martins migrate to the continent on which the largest country won the 2002 World Cup in Japan?

<P0-S0> wintering in south america, purple martins migrate to north america in spring to breed. <P0-S1> spring migration is somewhat staggered, with arrivals in southern areas such as florida and texas in january, but showing up in the northern united states in april and in canada as late as may. <P0-S2> males usually arrive at a site before females. <SEP> <P1-S0> The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. <P1-S1> Its winter range extends into Ecuador but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills. <SEP> <P2-S0> Brazil (Portuguese: Brasil Portuguese pronunciation: (bɾaˈziw)), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: República Federativa do Brasil, listen (help info)), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. <P2-S1> At 8.5 million square kilometers (3.2 million square miles) and with over 208 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth - largest country by area and the sixth most populous. <P2-S2> The capital is Brasília, and the most populated city is São Paulo. <P2-S3> The federation is composed of the union of the 26 states, the Federal District, and the 5,570 municipalities. <P2-S4> It is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language and the only one in the Americas; it is also one of the most multicultural and ethnically diverse nations, due to over a century of mass immigration from around the world. <SEP> <P3-S0> in the final, germany defeated argentina 1 -- 0 to win the tournament and secure the country's fourth world title, the first after the german reunification in 1990, when as west germany they also beat argentina in the world cup final. <P3-S1> germany became the first european team to win a world cup staged in the americas, and this result marked the first time that nations from the same continent won three consecutive tournaments (following italy in 2006 and spain in 2010). <SEP> <P4-S0> 2002 FIFA World Cup 2002 FIFA 월드컵한국 / 일본 2002 FIFA Woldeu Keob Hanguk / Ilbon 2002 FIFA ワールドカップ韓国 / 日本 2002 FIFA Waarudo Kappu Kankoku / Nihon 2002 FIFA World Cup official logo Tournament details Host countries South Korea Japan Dates 31 May -- 30 June Teams 32 (from 5 confederations) Venue (s) 20 (in 20 host cities) Final positions Champions Brazil (5th title) Runners - up Germany Third place Turkey Fourth place South Korea Tournament statistics Matches played 64 Goals scored 161 (2.52 per match) Attendance 2,705,197 (42,269 per match) Top scorer (s) Ronaldo (8 goals) Best player Oliver Kahn Best young player Landon Donovan Best goalkeeper Oliver Kahn Fair play award Belgium ← 1998 2006 →
Question: Which city is in the county in which Michael Porter was born?

<P0-S0> The Belle Fourche Dam, also known as Orman Dam, is a dam on Owl Creek in Butte County, South Dakota, USA, approximately eight miles east of Belle Fourche, South Dakota, along U.S. Route 212. <P0-S1> Its construction created the Belle Fourche Reservoir, the Belle Fourche National Wildlife Refuge, and the Rocky Point Recreation Area. <SEP> <P1-S0> vilnius county () is the largest of the 10 counties of lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city vilnius. <P1-S1> on 1 july 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, vilnius county remains as the territorial and statistical unit. <SEP> <P2-S0> Gridley is a city in Butte County, California, United States, south of Chico, California. <P2-S1> The estimated 2019 population was 7,224. <P2-S2> California State Route 99 runs through Gridley and Interstate 5 and California State Route 70 are both nearby. <SEP> <P3-S0> Porter was born in Gridley, California, and began his career in 1969 in the San Francisco Bay Area and Sacramento region working under the guidance of legendary promoters Roy Shire, Louie Miller and Terry Garvin. <P3-S1> Porter was best known for working as a house show ring announcer for the World Wrestling Federation (now World Wrestling Entertainment) from 1988 to 1993 (mostly on the west coast, including the historic Cow Palace in San Francisco, Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Arena - now Oracle Arena - in Oakland and ARCO Arena - now Sleep Train Arena - in Sacramento). <P3-S2> He worked security at "WrestleMania VII" at the Los Angeles Sports Arena in 1991. <SEP> <P4-S0> khabarovsky district () is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the seventeen in khabarovsk krai, russia. <P4-S1> it consists of two unconnected segments separated by the territory of amursky district, which are located in the southwest of the krai. <P4-S2> the area of the district is . <P4-S3> its administrative center is the city of khabarovsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). <P4-S4> population: