Question: Who was the father of the person who led the first expedition to reach the continent Shimla originates by sailing west across where warm moist air mass over Andes originates?

<P0-S0> The Portuguese Vasco da Gama, accompanied by Nicolau Coelho and Bartolomeu Dias, is the first European to reach India by an all - sea route from Europe. <SEP> <P1-S0> tropical and equatorial air masses are hot as they develop over lower latitudes. <P1-S1> those that develop over land (continental) are drier and hotter than those that develop over oceans, and travel poleward on the western periphery of the subtropical ridge. <P1-S2> maritime tropical air masses are sometimes referred to as trade air masses. <P1-S3> monsoon air masses are moist and unstable. <P1-S4> superior air masses are dry, and rarely reach the ground. <P1-S5> they normally reside over maritime tropical air masses, forming a warmer and drier layer over the more moderate moist air mass below, forming what is known as a trade wind inversion over the maritime tropical air mass. <P1-S6> continental polar air masses (cp) are air masses that are cold and dry due to their continental source region. <P1-S7> continental polar air masses that affect north america form over interior canada. <P1-S8> continental tropical air masses (ct) are a type of tropical air produced by the subtropical ridge over large areas of land and typically originate from low - latitude deserts such as the sahara desert in northern africa, which is the major source of these air masses. <P1-S9> other less important sources producing ct air masses are the arabian peninsula, the central arid / semi-arid part of australia and deserts lying in the southwestern united states. <P1-S10> continental tropical air masses are extremely hot and dry. <SEP> <P2-S0> frank bursley taylor (1860 – 1938) was an american geologist, the son of a lawyer in fort wayne, indiana. <P2-S1> he was a harvard dropout who studied privately financed in large part by his wealthy father. <P2-S2> he became a specialist in the glacial geology of the great lakes, and proposed to the geological society of america on december 29, 1908 that the continents moved on the earth's surface, that a shallow region in the atlantic marks where africa and south america were once joined, and that the collisions of continents could uplift mountains. <P2-S3> his ideas were based on his studies on mountain ranges as the andes, rockies, alps and himalayas, concluding that these mountains could have been formed only as a result of titanic lateral pressures that thrust the earth's surface upward. <SEP> <P3-S0> Although the centre and the eastern parts of the country are mostly flat, the west is mountainous. <P3-S1> Both the Andes and Sierras Pampeanas affect the climate of Argentina, leading to differences in temperature, pressure, and spatial distribution of precipitation depending on the topography and altitude. <P3-S2> Here, the Andes exert an important influence on the climate. <P3-S3> Owing to the higher altitudes of the Andes north of 40 S, they completely block the normal westerly flow, preventing low pressure systems containing moisture from the Pacific Ocean from coming in. <P3-S4> Thus, much of Argentina north of 40 S is dominated by wind circulation patterns from the South Atlantic High. <P3-S5> South of 40 S, the Andes are lower in altitude, allowing much of Patagonia to be dominated by westerly winds and air masses from the Pacific Ocean. <P3-S6> However, the north -- south orientation of the Andes creates a barrier for humid air masses originating from the Pacific Ocean. <P3-S7> This is because they force these air masses upwards, cooling adiabactically. <P3-S8> Most of the moisture is dropped on the Chilean side, causing abundant precipitation and cloudiness while on the Argentine side, the air warms adiabatically, causing it to become drier as it descends. <P3-S9> Thus, an extensive rain -- shadow is present in much of Patagonia, causing it to receive very little precipitation. <P3-S10> The Sierras Pampeanas influences the climate on a much smaller scale than the Andes. <SEP> <P4-S0> Vasco da Gama's father was Estêvão da Gama, who had served in the 1460s as a knight of the household of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu. <P4-S1> He rose in the ranks of the military Order of Santiago. <P4-S2> Estêvão da Gama was appointed "alcaide-mór" (civil governor) of Sines in the 1460s, a post he held until 1478; after that he continued as a receiver of taxes and holder of the Order's commendas in the region. <SEP> <P5-S0> Shimla is home to a number of buildings that are styled in the Tudorbethan and neo-Gothic architectures dating from the colonial era, as well as multiple temples and churches. <P5-S1> The colonial architecture and churches, the temples and the natural environment of the city attracts tourists. <P5-S2> Attractions include the Viceroy Lodge, the Christ Church, the Jakhoo Temple, the Mall Road and the Ridge, which together form the city centre. <P5-S3> The Kalka–Shimla Railway line built by the British, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is also a major tourist attraction. <P5-S4> Owing to its steep terrain, Shimla hosts the mountain biking race MTB Himalaya, which started in 2005 and is regarded as the biggest event of its kind in South Asia. <P5-S5> Shimla also has the largest natural ice skating rink in South Asia. <P5-S6> Apart from being a tourism centre, the city is also an educational hub with a number of colleges and research institutions.