Question: By which century did the city where the director of The Day of the Locust was born start becoming a prominent capitol city?

<P0-S0> The Day of the Locust is a 1975 American drama film directed by John Schlesinger, and starring William Atherton, Karen Black, Donald Sutherland, and Geraldine Page. <P0-S1> The screenplay by Waldo Salt is based on the 1939 novel of the same title by Nathanael West. <P0-S2> Set in Hollywood, California just prior to World War II, it depicts the alienation and desperation of a disparate group of individuals whose dreams of success have failed to come true. <SEP> <P1-S0> robert weiss is an american ballet dancer, choreographer, and artistic director of carolina ballet. <P1-S1> he began his professional career at age 17 joining the new york city ballet under george balanchine, eventually becoming a principal dancer. <P1-S2> balanchine created several roles for him, including ballo della regina. <P1-S3> weiss remained with the new york city ballet for 16 years. <P1-S4> he later served as artistic director of the pennsylvania ballet from 1982 to 1990. weiss then became the founding artistic director of carolina ballet in 1997 where he has remained to this day. <SEP> <P2-S0> Terminus is a 1961 British Transport Film documentary (filmed in August, 1960) directed by John Schlesinger which presents a "fly-on-the-wall" look at an ordinary day at Waterloo station in London. <P2-S1> Along with most British Transport Films, it was produced by Edgar Anstey. <P2-S2> It was nominated for a BAFTA Film Award for Best Documentary and, for a time, the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, before being disqualified after it was discovered that the film was first released prior to the eligibility period. <P2-S3> Original music was by Ron Grainer. <SEP> <P3-S0> nanjing ( listen; chinese: 南京, "southern capital") is the city situated in the heartland of lower yangtze river region in china, which has long been a major centre of culture, education, research, politics, economy, transport networks and tourism. <P3-S1> it is the capital city of jiangsu province of people's republic of china and the second largest city in east china, with a total population of 8,216,100, and legally the capital of republic of china which lost the mainland during the civil war. <P3-S2> the city whose name means "southern capital" has a prominent place in chinese history and culture, having served as the capitals of various chinese dynasties, kingdoms and republican governments dating from the 3rd century ad to 1949. prior to the advent of pinyin romanization, nanjing's city name was spelled as nanking or nankin. <P3-S3> nanjing has a number of other names, and some historical names are now used as names of districts of the city, and among them there is the name jiangning (江寧), whose former character jiang (江, river) is the former part of the name jiangsu and latter character ning (寧, simplified form 宁, peace) is the short name of nanjing. <P3-S4> when being the capital of a state, for instance, roc, jing (京) is adopted as the abbreviation of nanjing. <P3-S5> although as a city located in southern part of china becoming chinese national capital as early as in jin dynasty, the name nanjing was designated to the city in ming dynasty, about a thousand years later. <P3-S6> nanjing is particularly known as jinling (金陵, literally meaning gold mountain) and the old name has been used since the warring states period in zhou dynasty. <SEP> <P4-S0> By the 11th century, London was beyond all comparison the largest town in England. <P4-S1> Westminster Abbey, rebuilt in the Romanesque style by King Edward the Confessor, was one of the grandest churches in Europe. <P4-S2> Winchester had previously been the capital of Anglo-Saxon England, but from this time on, London became the main forum for foreign traders and the base for defence in time of war. <P4-S3> In the view of Frank Stenton: "It had the resources, and it was rapidly developing the dignity and the political self-consciousness appropriate to a national capital."