Question: Who was married to the Russian Republic's president during the disintegration of the inventors of the world's first satellite?

<P0-S0> Raisa Maximovna Gorbacheva ( "Raisa Maksimovna Gorbachyova", , Титаренко; 5 January 1932 – 20 September 1999) was a Russian activist who was the wife of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. <P0-S1> She raised funds for the preservation of Russian cultural heritage, fostering of new talent, and treatment programs for children's blood cancer. <SEP> <P1-S0> the crimean people's republic () () existed from december 1917 to january 1918 in the crimean peninsula, a territory currently disputed between the russian federation and ukraine. <P1-S1> crimean people’s republic was the first turkic and muslim democratic republic in the world. <P1-S2> in its founding, the crimean people's republic was one of many short-lived attempts to create new states after the russian revolution of 1917 had caused the russian empire to collapse. <SEP> <P2-S0> The dissolution of the Soviet Union occurred on December 26, 1991, officially granting self - governing independence to the Republics of the Soviet Union. <P2-S1> It was a result of the declaration number 142 - Н of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. <P2-S2> The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or did not do so at all. <P2-S3> On the previous day, 25 December 1991, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers -- including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes -- to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. <P2-S4> That evening at 7: 32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag. <SEP> <P3-S0> In 1957 the Soviet Union launched the world's first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1. <P3-S1> Since then, about 6,600 satellites from more than 40 countries have been launched. <P3-S2> According to a 2013 estimate, 3,600 remained in orbit. <P3-S3> Of those, about 1,000 were operational; while the rest have lived out their useful lives and become space debris. <P3-S4> Approximately 500 operational satellites are in low - Earth orbit, 50 are in medium - Earth orbit (at 20,000 km), and the rest are in geostationary orbit (at 36,000 km). <P3-S5> A few large satellites have been launched in parts and assembled in orbit. <P3-S6> Over a dozen space probes have been placed into orbit around other bodies and become artificial satellites to the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, a few asteroids, a comet and the Sun. <SEP> <P4-S0> soledad román de núñez (1835-1924) was the first lady of colombia in 1880-82, 1884–88 and 1892, by her marriage to president rafael núñez. <P4-S1> she is considered to have wielded a considerable influence in policy and participated in state affairs in colombia during the presidencies of her spouse more than any other woman in colombia before her. <P4-S2> she is credited with the victory of the government in the conflict of 1885, as well as the concordat of 1887. she was a controversial figure, because her marriage was not recognized by the catholic church, as the wedding had been civil, as her spouse's first wife was still alive and he was still married to her in the eyes of the catholic church.