winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien modeled elves as  tall, human-like creatures of otherworldly beauty, with Kings and Queens in what epic high fantasy novel?

<P0-S0> "The Lord of the Rings", an epic high fantasy novel by the British author J. R. R. Tolkien, set in his fictional world of Middle-earth, has been adapted several times. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien. <P1-S1>  The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy novel "The Hobbit", but eventually developed into a much larger work. <P1-S2>  Written in stages between 1937 and 1949, "The Lord of the Rings" is one of the best-selling novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Lord of the Rings is a 1978 American-British animated high fantasy film directed by Ralph Bakshi. <P2-S1>  It is an adaptation of J. R. R. Tolkien's high fantasy epic "The Lord of the Rings", comprising "The Fellowship of the Ring" and the first half of "The Two Towers". <P2-S2>  Set in Middle-earth, the film follows a group of hobbits, elves, men, dwarves, and wizards who form a fellowship. <P2-S3>  They embark on a quest to destroy the One Ring made by the Dark Lord Sauron, and ensure his destruction. <SEP> <P3-S0> Elves, a word from Germanic mythology, are frequently featured in Fantasy fiction. <P3-S1>  In modern fiction, particularly because of the influence from J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings", elves are modeled mostly after his original description: tall, human-like creatures of otherworldly beauty, with Kings and Queens. <P3-S2>  Along with this development, Dark elves are often modeled as a more sinister counterpart to the High elves, like the Drow or the Trow, which are the fairy-like dark creatures of Orcadian and Shetlandic folklore. <P3-S3>  The dark elves ("Dökkálfar") or black elves ("Svartálfar") are presented in Germanic mythology as dwarves and gray ones.
Question: Which patriotic show tune occupied the UK Singles Chart for 17 weeks in 1967?

<P0-S0> Drive-Thru Booty is the debut album by British band Freak Power, fronted by musician, record producer and songwriter Norman Cook, singer, songwriter and trombone player Ashley Slater and vocalist Jesse Graham. <P0-S1>  It was released in April 1994. <P0-S2>  The album includes the singles "Turn On, Tune In, Cop Out", which originally reached number 29 in the UK Singles Chart in 1993, and "Rush", which reached number 62 in 1994. " <P0-S3> Turn On, Tune In, Cop Out" was re-released in early 1995 and became a much bigger hit when it reached number 3 in the UK Singles Chart. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Edelweiss" is a show tune from the 1959 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "The Sound of Music". <P1-S1>  It is named after the edelweiss, a white flower found high in the Alps "(Leontopodium alpinum)". <P1-S2>  It was created for the 1959 Broadway production of "The Sound of Music" in the role originated by performer Theodore Bikel as a song for the character of Captain Georg Ludwig von Trapp. <P1-S3>  In the musical, Captain von Trapp and his family sing this song during the concert near the end of Act II as a statement of Austrian patriotism in the face of the pressure put upon him to join the navy of Nazi Germany following the Anschluss. <P1-S4>  It is also Captain von Trapp's subliminal goodbye to his beloved homeland, using the flower as a symbol of his loyalty to Austria. <P1-S5>  In the 1965 film adaptation, the song is also sung by the Captain earlier in the film when he rediscovers music with his children. <SEP> <P2-S0> Vince Hill (born Vincent Hill, 16 April 1934)) is an English traditional pop music singer and songwriter who is best known for his recording of the Rodgers and Hammerstein show tune "Edelweiss" (1967) which reached No.2 on the UK Singles Chart (staying on the chart for 17 weeks). <P2-S1>  Along with a successful recording career in the 1960s, Hill hosted several hit TV shows during the seventies and eighties, including "They Sold a Million" (BBC), "Musical Time Machine" (BBC) and his own chat show "Gas Street" (ITV). <SEP> <P3-S0> "Ha! <P3-S1>  Ha! <P3-S2>  Said the Clown" is a song by Manfred Mann from 1967 which made No.4 on the UK Singles Chart (for 2 weeks), No.10 on the Australian Singles Chart, No.1 on the Austrian Singles Chart, No.1 on the West German singles chart, No.1 on the Netherlands Singles Chart, No.1 on the Norwegian Singles Chart, No.5 on the Swedish Singles Chart and when covered by Keith Relf of the Yardbirds made No.45 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.
Question: In which city did the Italian operatic composer that lived from 28 August 1867 - 12 November 1948 premiere his "Fedora"?

<P0-S0> Alfredo Catalani (19 June 1854 – 7 August 1893) was an Italian operatic composer. <P0-S1>  He is best remembered for his operas "Loreley" (1890) and "La Wally" (1892). <P0-S2>  "La Wally" was composed to a libretto by Luigi Illica, and features Catalani's most famous aria "Ebben? <P0-S3>  Ne andrò lontana." <P0-S4>  This aria, sung by American soprano Wilhelmenia Fernandez, was at the heart of Jean-Jacques Beineix’s 1981 cult movie "Diva". <P0-S5>  Catalani's other operas were much less successful. <SEP> <P1-S0> Umberto Menotti Maria Giordano (28 August 186712 November 1948) was an Italian composer, mainly of operas. <SEP> <P2-S0> Il Bellerofonte is an 18th-century Italian opera in three acts by the Czech composer Josef Mysliveček. <P2-S1>  It conforms to the serious type (opera seria) that was typically set in the distant past. <P2-S2>  The libretto, based on the Greek legend of Bellerophon, was written by Giuseppe Bonecchi. <P2-S3>  The work was dedicated to King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies and was first performed at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples on 20 January 1767, the birthday of his father, King Charles III of Spain. <P2-S4>  The cast featured two stellar singers of the time, Caterina Gabrielli and Anton Raaff, in the leading roles. <P2-S5>  The opera was only the composer's second one, and the first that permitted him the opportunity to write music for first-rate vocal artists. <P2-S6>  The production was highly successful, indeed responsible for a meteoric rise in his reputation as an operatic composer. <P2-S7>  From the time of the premiere of "Bellerofonte" until his death in 1781, Mysliveček succeeded in having more new "opere serie" brought into production than any other composer in Europe. <P2-S8>  During the same time span, he also had more new operas staged at the Teatro San Carlo in Naples than any other composer. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Teatro Lirico (known until 1894 as the Teatro alla Canobbiana) is a theatre in Milan, Italy. <P3-S1>  In the 19th and early 20th centuries it was particularly notable for opera performances, including the world premieres of Donizetti's "L'elisir d'amore" and Giordano's "Fedora". <P3-S2>  The theatre, located on Via Rastrelli, closed in 1998. <P3-S3>  However, a restoration project was begun in April 2007, and it was due to re-open in 2009 as the Teatro Lirico Giorgio Gaber.
Question: When Alex Buesnel won a gold medal, where did the opening ceremony take place?

<P0-S0> Alexander Thomas Harry Buesnel (born 8 October 1992) is a British artistic gymnast. <P0-S1>  He is a nine-time British Disability Gymnastics Champion as well as a gold medalist in the 2011 Special Olympics World Summer Games in Athens, Greece. <P0-S2>  He was born in Jersey, Channel Islands, and started his gymnastics career in 2004 under the watchful eye of Jersey Special Gymnastics Club founder John Grady {'1': ", '2': 'MBE', '3': ", '4': "} . <P0-S3>  Since 2004, Buesnel has competed in competitions across the globe representing both Jersey and Great Britain in national, European and world championships. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Morningside Medal of Mathematics is awarded to exceptional mathematicians of Chinese descent under the age of forty-five for their seminal achievements in mathematics and applied mathematics. <P1-S1>  The winners of the Morningside Medal of Mathematics are traditionally announced at the opening ceremony of the triennial International Congress of Chinese Mathematicians. <P1-S2>  Each Morningside Medalist receives a certificate, a medal, and cash award of US$25,000 for a gold medal, or US$10,000 for a silver medal. <SEP> <P2-S0> Abdollah Movahed Ardabili (Persian: عبدالله موحد اردبیلی‎ ‎ , born March 20, 1940) is a retired Iranian lightweight freestyle wrestler. <P2-S1>  He competed at the 1964, 1968 and 1972 Olympics and won a gold medal in 1968. <P2-S2>  He served as flag bearer for Iran at the Opening Ceremony of the 1970 Asian Games, and won a gold medal a few days later. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 2011 Special Olympics World Summer Games was a sporting event held from June, 25th 2011 – July, 4th 2011 in Athens, Greece. <P3-S1>  The opening ceremony of the games took place on 25 June 2011 at the Panathenaic Stadium and the closing ceremony was held on 4 July 2011.
Question: Who directed this romantic comedy-sports film that stars Felicity Jones and the English actor and musician from "Gossip Girl" (2007–2012)?

<P0-S0> Edward Jack Peter "Ed" Westwick (born 1987) is an English actor and musician, best known for his role as Chuck Bass on The CW's teen television drama series "Gossip Girl" (2007–2012). <P0-S1>  He made his feature film debut in "Children of Men" (2006) and has since appeared in the films "Breaking and Entering" (2006), "Son of Rambow" (2007), "S. Darko" (2009), "Chalet Girl" (2011), "J. Edgar" (2011), "Romeo and Juliet" (2013), "Bone in the Throat" (2015), "Freaks of Nature" (2015), and "Billionaire Ransom" (2016). <P0-S2>  He currently plays Vincent Swan in the BBC Two television comedy series "White Gold" (2017). <SEP> <P1-S0> Chalet Girl is a 2011 British-German-Austrian romantic comedy-sports film directed by Phil Traill. <P1-S1>  The film stars Felicity Jones, Ed Westwick, Tamsin Egerton, Ken Duken, Sophia Bush, Bill Bailey, Brooke Shields and Bill Nighy. <P1-S2>  The film was produced by Pippa Cross, Harriet Rees, Dietmar Guentsche and Wolfgang Behr, and written by Tom Williams. <P1-S3>  It was filmed on location in Sankt Anton am Arlberg, Austria and in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. <P1-S4>  Critical reaction to the film was massively polarized, but overall praised Felicity Jones in the leading role. <P1-S5>  The film earned $4,811,510 on a £8,000,000 budget. <SEP> <P2-S0> Gossip Girl is an American teen drama television series based on the book series of the same name written by Cecily von Ziegesar. <P2-S1>  The series, created by Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage, originally ran on The CW for six seasons from September 19, 2007, to December 17, 2012. <P2-S2>  Narrated by the omniscient blogger "Gossip Girl", voiced by Kristen Bell, the series revolves around the fictional lives of upper-class adolescents living in Manhattan's Upper East Side. <SEP> <P3-S0> Kicking Out Shoshana (Hebrew: שושנה חלוץ מרכזי‎ ‎ "Shoshana Khaloutz Merkazi") is a 2014 Israeli comedy-sports film directed by Shay Kanot. <P3-S1>  It features Gal Gadot as her first role in an Israel film. <P3-S2>  The film also stars Oshri Cohen, Mariano Idelman and Eli Finish. <P3-S3>  It was released on July 17, 2014.
Question: The South Wales Borderers served in which conflict that was started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902?

<P0-S0> The South African War Memorial (also known as the Boer War Memorial or, prior to 1931, the National War Memorial) is an equestrian memorial dedicated to the South Australians who served in the Second Boer War of 11 October 1899 to 31 May 1902. <P0-S1>  It was the first war in which South Australians fought, and 1531 men were sent in nine contingents, with over 1500 horses to accompany them. <P0-S2>  Over 59 South Australians died in the war. <SEP> <P1-S0> John Troutbeck (12 November 1832, Blencowe, Cumberland – 11 October 1899, London) was a Minor Canon of Westminster Abbey and Chaplain in Ordinary to Queen Victoria whose renown rests on his translation of various continental choral texts including the major works of Bach. <P1-S1>  He additionally translated oratorios by Beethoven, Brahms, Dvořák, Gounod, Liszt, Saint-Saëns, Schumann and Weber, as well as operas by Mozart, Gluck and Wagner. <P1-S2>  Troutbeck was born at Blencowe, Cumberland, in England, on 12 November 1832, and died on 11 October 1899, at Westminster, London. <P1-S3>  He is interred in the cloisters in Westminster Abbey. <SEP> <P2-S0> The South Wales Borderers was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence for 280 years. <P2-S1>  It first came into existence, as the 24th Regiment of Foot in 1689. <P2-S2>  Based at Brecon the regiment recruited from the border counties of Monmouthshire, Herefordshire and Brecknockshire, but was not called the South Wales Borderers until the Childers Reforms of 1881. <P2-S3>  The regiment served in a great many conflicts, including the American Revolutionary War, various conflicts in India, the Zulu War, Second Boer War, and World War I and World War II. <P2-S4>  In 1969 the regiment was amalgamated with the Welch Regiment to form the Royal Regiment of Wales. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Second Boer War (Dutch: "Tweede Boerenoorlog" , Afrikaans: "Tweede Vryheidsoorlog" , "Second Freedom War"), known variously as the Boer War, Anglo-Boer War, South African War or Anglo-Boer South African War, started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902. <P3-S1>  Britain defeated two Boer states in South Africa: the South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State. <P3-S2>  Britain was aided by its Cape Colony, the Colony of Natal and some native African allies. <P3-S3>  The British war effort was further supported by volunteers from the British Empire, including Southern Africa, the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand. <P3-S4>  Inside Britain and its Empire there also was significant opposition to the Second Boer War.
Question: the aborignal group who traditionally lived in the area contiguaous with Coffs Harbour, New South Wales speak what language?

<P0-S0> Coffs Harbour Senior College is an Australian school in Coffs Harbour, New South Wales. <P0-S1>  It is several kilometres south of Coffs Harbour on Hogbin Drive in an area which is becoming the centre of population distribution for the greater Coffs Harbour area. <P0-S2>  The college is a partner with TAFE and Southern Cross University on one site known as Coffs Harbour Education Campus (CHEC). <P0-S3>  The college provides opportunities for students in Years 11 and 12 to gain their Higher School Certificate. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Yaygir were an Australian Aboriginal tribe who traditionally lived in and around Coffs Harbour, New South Wales. <SEP> <P2-S0> Gumbaynggir (also 'Kumbainggar') are an Australian Aboriginal group who traditionally lived in the area contiguous with Coffs Harbour, New South Wales. <SEP> <P3-S0> Gumbaynggir language (also spelled Gumbaingari, Kumbainggar, Kumbaingeri, Gambalamam, and also called Baanbay) is an Australian Aboriginal language. <P3-S1>  It is spoken by the Gumbaynggirr, who are native to the Mid North Coast of New South Wales.
Question: What actor who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1981 to 1989, starred in a film n which a voice claiming to be that of God preempts all radio programs for days all over the world?

<P0-S0> Nancy Davis Reagan (born Anne Frances Robbins; July 6, 1921 – March 6, 2016) was an American film actress and the wife of Ronald Reagan, the 40th President of the United States. <P0-S1>  She served as the First Lady of the United States from 1981 to 1989. <SEP> <P1-S0> The First Lady of the United States is the hostess of the White House. <P1-S1>  The position is traditionally filled by the wife of the President of the United States, but, on occasion, the title has been applied to women who were not presidents’ wives, such as when the president was a bachelor or widower, or when the wife of the president was unable to fulfill the duties of the First Lady herself. <P1-S2>  The First Lady is not an elected position; it carries no official duties and receives no salary. <P1-S3>  Nonetheless, she attends many official ceremonies and functions of state either along with or in place of the president. <P1-S4>  Traditionally, the First Lady does not hold outside employment while occupying the office. <P1-S5>  She has her own staff, including the White House Social Secretary, the Chief of Staff, the Press Secretary, the Chief Floral Designer, and the Executive Chef. <P1-S6>  The Office of the First Lady is also in charge of all social and ceremonial events of the White House, and is a branch of the Executive Office of the President. <SEP> <P2-S0> Vicki Risch is the former First Lady of Idaho and the wife of U.S. Sen. Jim Risch, who served as Governor of Idaho in 2006. <P2-S1>  She became First Lady on May 26, 2006, when her husband succeeded former Gov. Dirk Kempthorne, who resigned to become United States Secretary of the Interior. <P2-S2>  Mrs. Risch succeeded former First Lady Patricia Kempthorne who had held the post for over seven years. <P2-S3>  Mrs. Risch served as First Lady until January 2007, as her husband did not seek a full term as governor, but rather was reelected to his old post as lieutenant governor. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Next Voice You Hear... is a 1950 drama film in which a voice claiming to be that of God preempts all radio programs for days all over the world. <P3-S1>  It stars James Whitmore and Nancy Davis (who later became Nancy Reagan) as Joe and Mary Smith, a typical American couple. <P3-S2>  It was based on a short story of the same name by George Sumner Albee. <P3-S3>  The voice is never heard by the (film) audience.
Question: Which university is located outside of the United States, University of Central Florida or Ain Shams University?

<P0-S0> Ain Shams University (Arabic: جامعة عين شمس‎ ‎ ) is an institute of higher education located in Cairo, Egypt. <P0-S1>  Founded in 1950, the university provides education at the undergraduate, graduate and post-graduate levels. <SEP> <P1-S0> The University of Central Florida Board of Trustees is the governing body of the University of Central Florida, a space-grant university located on a 1415 acre main campus in Orlando, Florida, United States. <P1-S1>  UCF is a member institution of the State University System of Florida and is the largest public university in the United States. <SEP> <P2-S0> The University of Central Florida, or UCF, is an American metropolitan public research university in Orlando, Florida. <P2-S1>  It is the largest university in the United States by undergraduate enrollment, as well as the largest enrollment at a single campus. <SEP> <P3-S0> The University of Central Florida's Libraries is a university library system that is administered by the University of Central Florida, a metropolitan public research university located in Orlando, Florida, United States. <P3-S1>  The system, which stretches across Central Florida, includes eleven libraries of the university and provides primary support to all academic programs.
Question: Gandalf is a fictional character played by English stage and screen actor, Ian McKellen, in what two J.R.R. Tolkien novels turned films?

<P0-S0> Sellic Spell (] , an Old English phrase meaning "wondrous tale" and taken from the poem "Beowulf") is a short prose text available in Modern and Old English redactions, written by J.R.R. Tolkien in a creative attempt to reconstruct the folktale underlying the narrative in the first two thousand lines of the Old English poem "Beowulf". <P0-S1>  Among other things, it seeks to clarify and integrate a number of narrative strands in the Anglo-Saxon poem. <P0-S2>  The resulting text is a loose variant of the "Skilful Companions" type of folktale, in which each of several characters (two or three in Tolkien's text, depending on the redaction) has a valuable but specific skill. <P0-S3>  Unlike in folktales of that type, however, the skills of Tolkien's characters do not supplement each other in the resolution of the narrative problem. <P0-S4>  Tolkien's recasting of the material also incorporates the sluggish youth motif and the abandonment of the hero at the waterfall, both elements found in the analogous Old Icelandic "Grettis saga". <P0-S5>  The suggestion that a waterfall like that of "Grettis saga" was part of the original setting of the pool of monsters in "Beowulf" was made by W.W. Lawrence in 1912. <SEP> <P1-S0> Gandalf is a fictional character and one of the protagonists in J. R. R. Tolkien's novels "The Hobbit" and "The Lord of the Rings". <P1-S1>  He is a wizard, member of the "Istari" order, as well as leader of the Fellowship of the Ring and the army of the West. <P1-S2>  In "The Lord of the Rings", he is initially known as Gandalf the Grey, but returns from death as Gandalf the White. <SEP> <P2-S0> Tauriel is a fictional character from Peter Jackson's feature film adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien's "The Hobbit". <P2-S1>  The character does not appear in the original book, but was created by Peter Jackson, Philippa Boyens and Fran Walsh as an expansion of material adapted from the book, and first appears in the second and third films in that trilogy, "" and "". <P2-S2>  She is a Woodland Elf whose name has been translated as "Daughter of the forest", and is the head of the Mirkwood Elven guard. <P2-S3>  She is played by Canadian actress Evangeline Lilly, who was nominated for several awards for her performance in "The Desolation of Smaug", with some of the stunt work performed by Australian stuntwoman Ingrid Kleinig. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ian McKellen (born 25 May 1939) is an English stage and screen actor. <P3-S1>  He is the recipient of six Laurence Olivier Awards, a Tony Award, a Golden Globe Award, two Academy Award nominations, four BAFTA nominations and five Emmy Award nominations. <P3-S2>  McKellen's work spans genres ranging from Shakespearean and modern theatre to popular fantasy and science fiction. <P3-S3>  His notable film roles include Gandalf in "The Lord of the Rings" and "The Hobbit" trilogies, Magneto in the "X-Men" films, Sir Leigh Teabing in "The Da Vinci Code" (2006), Sherlock Holmes in "Mr. Holmes" (2015) and Cogsworth in "Beauty and the Beast" (2017).
Question: On which record label did the band who released the single Feel It Still release their eighth full-length album Woodstock?

<P0-S0> Night Is the New Day is Katatonia's eighth full-length album. <P0-S1>  It was released 2 November 2009, in Europe and 10 November 2009, in North America through Peaceville Records. <P0-S2>  Thirteen tracks were recorded, eleven of which made it onto the record. <P0-S3>  The band describes the material as "Our most varied, diverse and possibly strongest shit all together on one and the same album". <P0-S4>  "Idle Blood" had the working title "Kozelek", named after Mark Kozelek, a member of Red House Painters, which is one Katatonia's influences. <P0-S5>  This is the last Katatonia release with the Norrman brothers. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Feel It Still" is a song by American rock band Portugal. <P1-S1>  The Man. <P1-S2>  The song was written by the band along with John Hill and Asa Taccone, with the latter two serving as producers. <P1-S3>  It serves as the second single and first radio single off their eighth studio album "Woodstock". <P1-S4>  The song reached number one on the US Alternative Songs and Russian Tophit airplay chart, and became their first entry on the Hot 100, peaking at number 10 as of October 2017. <SEP> <P2-S0> Reiterate is the eighth full-length album from the Christian hip hop group GRITS. <P2-S1>  It was released on September 16, 2008, and is the GRITS first release on their newly formed Revolution Art label. <SEP> <P3-S0> Woodstock is the eighth full-length album by American rock band Portugal. <P3-S1>  The Man, released on June 16, 2017 through Atlantic Records.
Question: Does the Suwannee Canal or the Ohio and Erie Canal connect to other canal systems in Pennsylvania?

<P0-S0> The Ohio and Erie Canal was a canal constructed during the 1820s and early 1830s in the U.S. state of Ohio. <P0-S1>  It connected Akron, Summit County, with the Cuyahoga River near its outlet on Lake Erie in Cleveland, Cuyahoga County, and a few years later, with the River Ohio near Portsmouth, Scioto County, and then connections to other canal systems in Pennsylvania. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Suwannee Canal (also seen as the Suwanee Canel) was an attempt to drain large portions of the Okefenokee Swamp in Georgia via a canal. <P1-S1>  The spelling of the Suwannee River has changed over time. <P1-S2>  The single n variant was more common in the past, but the double n spelling is the standard today. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal, also known as the P & O Canal, the Cross Cut Canal and the Mahoning Canal was a shipping canal which operated from 1840 until 1877 (though the canal was completely abandoned by 1872). <P2-S1>  It was unique in that it served to connect canals in two states (the Ohio and Erie Canal in Ohio and the Beaver and Erie Canal in Pennsylvania) and was funded by private interests. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Junction Canal was a canal in the states of New York and Pennsylvania in the United States. <P3-S1>  The canal was also called the Arnot Canal, after the name of its principal stockholder, John Arnot of Elmira, New York. <P3-S2>  The canal was built and operated by a private stock company. <P3-S3>  The canal was partly open in 1854, but the entire length was not finished until 1858. <P3-S4>  The completed canal was 18 mi long and had 11 locks. <P3-S5>  Then intent was to lengthen the reach of the Chemung Canal deeper into Pennsylvania in order to connect to the canal systems there. <P3-S6>  Competition with railroads led to diminished use of the canal. <P3-S7>  In 1865 the canal was severely damaged by a flood. <P3-S8>  In 1866, the stock company was authorized to change its name to the "Junction Canal and Railroad Company," and work commenced in constructing a railroad on its right of way. <P3-S9>  The canal was last used in 1871, and was then abandoned.
Question: What year was the firstprofessional golf  tournament sponsored by the producers of Noilly Pratt held?

<P0-S0> Martini & Rossi is an Italian multinational alcoholic beverage company primarily associated with the Martini brand of vermouth and also with sparkling wine (for example, Asti). <P0-S1>  It also produces the French vermouth, Noilly Prat. <SEP> <P1-S0> The TCL Classic was a men's professional golf tournament which was played on a course designed by American Robert Trent Jones, Jr. at Yalong Bay Golf Club in Sanya on Hainan Island, People's Republic of China four times between 2002 and 2007. <P1-S1>  The first tournament was held at Haiyi Golf Club in Dongguan on Guangdong, China, in 2002. <P1-S2>  It was the first tournament sponsored by the Chinese company TCL Corporation. <SEP> <P2-S0> The R.T.V. International Trophy was a professional golf tournament. <P2-S1>  In its first year, 1967, there was a professional team tournament between the four home nations at Edmondstown Golf Course, County Dublin. <P2-S2>  The next year the event became an individual tournament played at Cork Golf Club, Little Island, Cork, Ireland. <P2-S3>  The individual event was held twice, in 1968 and 1969. <P2-S4>  The tournaments were sponsored by R.T.V. Rentals. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Martini International was a men's professional golf tournament that was held from 1961 to 1983. <P3-S1>  It was hosted by several different golf clubs in England, Scotland and Wales. <P3-S2>  It was part of the European Tour's schedule from the tour's first official season in 1972 until the event ceased. <P3-S3>  The winners included the major champions Peter Thomson, Greg Norman, Nick Faldo and Seve Ballesteros. <P3-S4>  In 1983 the prize fund was £80,308, which was mid-range for a European Tour event at the time. <P3-S5>  The tournament was sponsored by Martini & Rossi.
Question: What triggered both the 2016 Minneapolis shooting and the unlikely outcome of the 2016 US presidential election?

<P0-S0> The 2016 Minneapolis shooting took place on June 29, 2016 in Minneapolis, Minnesota when a man named Anthony Sawina shot at five Somali-Americans, wounding two of them. <P0-S1>  Witnesses later recounted that Sawina shouted anti-Muslim expletives and claimed he was "going to kill [them] all." <P0-S2>  The attack was condemned by civil rights groups as part of a larger rise of Islamophobia in the United States leading up the 2016 presidential election. <SEP> <P1-S0> The inverse gambler's fallacy, named by philosopher Ian Hacking, is a formal fallacy of Bayesian inference which is an inverse of the better known gambler's fallacy. <P1-S1>  It is the fallacy of concluding, on the basis of an unlikely outcome of a random process, that the process is likely to have occurred many times before. <P1-S2>  For example, if one observes a pair of fair dice being rolled and turning up double sixes, it is wrong to suppose that this lends any support to the hypothesis that the dice have been rolled many times before. <P1-S3>  We can see this from the Bayesian update rule: letting "U" denote the unlikely outcome of the random process and "M" the proposition that the process has occurred many times before, we have <SEP> <P2-S0> Reliable Sources is a Sunday morning talk show on the cable/satellite news network CNN that focuses on analysis of the American news media, currently hosted by Brian Stelter. <P2-S1>  The show is broadcast from 11:00 am to noon ET, from CNN's Time Warner Center studios in New York City. <P2-S2>  The show is also broadcast around the world by CNN International. <P2-S3>  It was initially created to cover the media's coverage of the Persian Gulf War, but has since also covered the media's coverage of the Valerie Plame affair, the Iraq War, the outing of Mark Felt as Deep Throat, and many other events and internal media stories. <P2-S4>  More recently, it has focused on coverage of the 2016 U.S. Presidential election, and the subsequent presidential transition and Presidency of Donald Trump, the fake news epidemic, as well as the alleged Russian interference in the 2016 US presidential election, among several other topics. <SEP> <P3-S0> The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 8, 2016. <P3-S1>  In a surprise victory, the Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former First Lady, U.S. Senator of New York and Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine. <P3-S2>  Trump took office as the 45th President, and Pence as the 48th Vice President, on January 20, 2017. <P3-S3>  Concurrent with the presidential election, Senate, House, and many gubernatorial and state and local elections were also held on November 8.
Question: Which rock band was formed first,  The Rockfords or Radio Iodine?

<P0-S0> The Rockfords were an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1999 by Carrie Akre, Chris Friel, and Danny Newcomb of Goodness, Mike McCready of Pearl Jam, and Rick Friel of Jodie Watts. <P0-S1>  The group served as a side project for its members, who had already tasted success with their respective bands. <SEP> <P1-S0> Los was a British indie rock band, formed and based in Surrey. <P1-S1>  As of 2008, the band comprises Helen Sargent (vocals and synth), Daniel Hale (drums) and Chris Hamilton (guitars). <P1-S2>  Their distinctive sound had been described as a mixture of rock, punk, blues and grunge, citing influences such as Jeff Buckley, Led Zeppelin, Nirvana and Nina Simone. <P1-S3>  The band have toured the UK and released two singles in 2008. <P1-S4>  They toured the UK four more times in 2009 before recording their debut five track E.P 'Whale' released in late 2009, which was play listed on BBC Radio 6 Music and XFM Radio and achieved 9/10 in the November 2009 issue of Rocksound Magazine. <P1-S5>  BBC Radio 6 Music's Tom Robinson described 'Ba Ba Ba' as 'Quite Brilliant' on his Twitter page before inviting the band in for a live radio interview. <P1-S6>  The band changed their name to That Mouth in May 2011 after clashes on iTunes with an American rapper going by the same name. <P1-S7>  It was officially announced on 25 September 2011 that after the release of their full length debut album 'Sometimes I feel like I've lost my soul' on limited edition 12" vinyl on 10 October 2011, the band would be parting ways to pursue other musical projects. <SEP> <P2-S0> Orange Island was a rock band based out of the town Clinton, Massachusetts. <P2-S1>  Orange Island formed in 1996 when cousins Charles Young and Brendan Dickhaut started writing music together and had David Chouinard playing bass guitar. <P2-S2>  After writing songs together they asked their friend David Gorman to sing for the group. <P2-S3>  Orange Island wrote and recorded several demos before being signed to the Boston-based record label Iodine Recordings in 2000. " <P2-S4> The Shape of Calling" was Orange Island's debut album and shortly after its release the band started touring the US with many well known bands including Brand New, The Movielife, Breaking Pangaea, Kill Verona and others. <P2-S5>  in 2002 Orange Island released their follow-up full length titled "Everything You Thought You Knew". <P2-S6>  This album dealt with themes related to struggling with alcoholism and losing a close friend. <SEP> <P3-S0> Radio Iodine was an alternative rock band from St. Louis, Missouri. <P3-S1>  It was formed in 1993 as 9 Days Wonder by Tony Persyn and his wife, Ellen. <P3-S2>  After another band threatened to sue over the name, the band changed its name to Radio Iodine. <P3-S3>  It signed to Radioactive Records, which released a self-titled EP in 1996. <P3-S4>  Radioactive Records chairman Gary Kurfirst moved the band to his new subsidiary label Radiouniverse, and the band's 1997 album "Tiny Warnings" was the label's inaugural release.
Question: Teri Greeves is an artist living in a city that is the seat of which county ?

<P0-S0> Teri Greeves (born 1970) is an award-winning Kiowa beadwork artist, living in Santa Fe, New Mexico. <P0-S1>  She is enrolled in the Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mary Ann Sampson is an American artist living and working in Ragland, Alabama. <P1-S1>  Sampson is a book artist, specializing in miniatures and broadsides most of which are "uniques" or "one-of-a-kinds." <P1-S2>  She explores the book as a means of expressing visual ideas that stem from recollections of personal events and experiences that have been derived from living in her rural environment of Alabama. <SEP> <P2-S0> Santa Fe ( or ; Tewa: "Ogha Po'oge", Navajo: "Yootó" ) is the capital of the state of New Mexico. <P2-S1>  It is the fourth-largest city in the state and the seat of Santa Fe County . <SEP> <P3-S0> Marisela Norte is an American writer, poet and artist living in Los Angeles. <P3-S1>  She is known for her poetry that explores the unseen city. <P3-S2>  Her book "Peeping Peeping Tom Tom Girl" was published by City Works Press in 2008, and her work can be found in numerous anthologies including "Microphone Fiends", "Bordered Sexualities: Bodies on the Verge of a Nation", "The Geography of Home: California’s Poetry of Place", "Bear Flag Republic", "American Studies in a Time of Danger", "Rara Avis", "American Quarterly", and "Rolling Stone's Women of Rock". <P3-S3>  She has also written for the Los Angeles County Museum of Art and the Metro Transit Authority.
Question: Who was a founding member of the world's second alliance (after the U-FLY Alliance) to consist only of low-cost carriers (LCCs)?

<P0-S0> Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport (French: "Aéroport de Paris-Charles-de-Gaulle" , IATA: CDG, ICAO: LFPG ), also known as Roissy Airport (name of the local district), is the largest international airport in France. <P0-S1>  It is named after Charles de Gaulle (1890–1970), leader of the Free French Forces during the Second World War, founder of the French Fifth Republic and President of France from 1959 to 1969. <P0-S2>  Charles de Gaulle Airport is located within portions of several communes 25 km to the northeast of Paris. <P0-S3>  Charles de Gaulle Airport serves as the principal hub for Air France as well as a European hub for fellow SkyTeam alliance partner Delta Air Lines. <P0-S4>  Additionally, the airport serves as a focus city for low-cost carriers Vueling and Norwegian Air Shuttle. <SEP> <P1-S0> West Airlines Co. Ltd. (), operating as West Air, is a low-cost airline based in New North Zone, Chongqing, People's Republic of China, operating a scheduled passenger network to 18 domestic destinations out of Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport and one international one to Changi Airport in Singapore. <P1-S1>  The company was established in March 2006 by its parent company Hainan Airlines, with the launch of scheduled services on 14 July 2010. <P1-S2>  The airline is one of the four the founding members of the U-FLY Alliance. <SEP> <P2-S0> Value Alliance is an airline alliance formed in May 2016. <P2-S1>  It is the world's second alliance (after the U-FLY Alliance) to consist only of low-cost carriers (LCCs). <P2-S2>  However, it is the first pan-regional LCC alliance. <P2-S3>  It comprises seven Asia-Pacific airlines: Cebu Pacific, Jeju Air, Nok Air, NokScoot, Scoot, Tigerair Australia and Vanilla Air, along with Tigerair who merged with Scoot under the Scoot brand. <SEP> <P3-S0> Jeju Air (), based in Jeju City, Jeju-do, South Korea, is a South Korean low-cost carrier, the first to be founded in the country. <P3-S1>  It offers scheduled domestic services between several cities in South Korea and Seoul as well as some destinations outside of Korea. <P3-S2>  It is also a founding member of the Value Alliance.
Question: What is the capitol of the region located in central East Afganistan, and represented by the Cricket team Band-e-Amir Region?

<P0-S0> The Mozambique national cricket team is the team that represents the country of Mozambique in international cricket matches. <P0-S1>  The Mozambique national cricket team, which is administered by the Mozambican Cricket Association, is an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC). <P0-S2>  Mozambique is also a member of the African Cricket Association. <P0-S3>  The Mozambique national cricket team has competed in the World Cricket League Africa Region and the ICC Africa Twenty20 Championship. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Swaziland national cricket team represents Swaziland, a country in Southern Africa, in the sport of cricket. <P1-S1>  The Swaziland national cricket team, which is administrated by the Swaziland Cricket Association, is an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC). <P1-S2>  The team, along with Cameroon, the Falkland Islands and Peru, would be promoted to affiliate status in 2007 by the ICC. <P1-S3>  Swaziland is also a member of the African Cricket Association. <P1-S4>  The Swaziland national cricket team would compete in the World Cricket League Africa Region and the ICC Africa Twenty20 Championship. <SEP> <P2-S0> Band-e-Amir Dragons (Pashto: بند امير ښاماران‎ "Band-e-Amīr Khāmārān / Shāmārān"; Dari: بند امیر شاماران‎ ‎ ) or Band-e-Amir Region is one of six first-class cricket teams in Afghanistan. <P2-S1>  In the 2017 Shpageeza team auction, the Band-e-Amir Dragons team was bought by Paragon Group, a logistics and supply services company, and it will play as the Paragon Band-e-Amir Dragons in this competition. <P2-S2>  The Region represents the following provinces in the centre of Afghanistan: Maidan Wardak, Bamyan, Daykundi, Panjshir, Kapisa and Parwan. <P2-S3>  The team is named after the Band-e Amir, a series of six deep blue lakes in Bamyan Province. <SEP> <P3-S0> Maidan Wardak Province (Pashto: د ميدان وردګو ولايت‎ , Persian: ولایت میدان وردک‎ ‎ ), also called Maidan Wardag or simply Wardak Province, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the central east region of Afghanistan. <P3-S1>  It is divided into eight districts and has a population of approximately 567,600. <P3-S2>  The capital of the province is Maidan Shar. <P3-S3>  The province is named after the Pashtun tribe of Wardak.
Question: Who renounced his American citizenship and wrote a play with a cat named "Carbucketty"?

<P0-S0> Birthright generation is a term used by immigrant advocates to identify U.S. born citizens; citizens are protected by the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution, which grants American citizenship to all babies born on American soil whether the child is born to one or both undocumented parents. <P0-S1>  Birthright citizenship may be also conferred either by "jus soli" or "jus sanguinis". <P0-S2>  Under the United States Law, any person born within the U.S. including the territories of: Puerto Rico, Guam, the US Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and subject to its jurisdiction is automatically granted US citizenship. <SEP> <P1-S0> Thomas Stearns Eliot, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (26 September 1888 – 4 January 1965) was a British essayist, publisher, playwright, literary and social critic, and "one of the twentieth century's major poets". <P1-S1>  He moved from his native United States to England in 1914 at the age of 25, settling, working, and marrying there. <P1-S2>  He eventually became a British subject in 1927 at the age of 39, renouncing his American citizenship. <SEP> <P2-S0> Carbucketty is a character from the musical "Cats". <P2-S1>  The name was one of T. S. Eliot's ideas for cat names, for a "knockabout cat". <P2-S2>  His role is primarily that of a dancer and acrobat. <SEP> <P3-S0> The American Ringtail Cat is a new experimental cat breed that started with a California cat named Solomon in 1998. <P3-S1>  Owner Susan Manley started a breeding program to reproduce his unique curled tail, which she had also noted in other feral cats in northern California. <P3-S2>  This genetic mutation seems to have no ill health effects associated with it. <P3-S3>  The cats with curled tails were bred with Ragdoll cats and American Shorthair cats. <P3-S4>  In 2005 The International Cat Association, gave this new breed “Registration Only” status.
Question: Who has recieved a MacArthure Fellowship, Colson Whitehead or John Kenneth Galbraith?

<P0-S0> John Kenneth "Ken" Galbraith, OC ( , October 15, 1908 – April 29, 2006) was a Canadian-born economist, public official, and diplomat, and a leading proponent of 20th-century American liberalism. <P0-S1>  His books on economic topics were bestsellers from the 1950s through the 2000s, during which time Galbraith fulfilled the role of public intellectual. <P0-S2>  As an economist, he leaned toward Post-Keynesian economics from an institutionalist perspective. <SEP> <P1-S0> Catherine Galbraith (née Catherine Merriam Atwater; January 19, 1913 – October 1, 2008) was an American author who was the wife of economist and author John Kenneth Galbraith, and the mother of four sons: diplomat and political analyst, Peter W. Galbraith, economist James K. Galbraith, attorney J. Alan Galbraith, and Douglas Galbraith who died in childhood of leukemia. <SEP> <P2-S0> American Capitalism - The Concept of Countervailing Power is a book by John Kenneth Galbraith, written in 1952. <P2-S1>  It contains a critique of the view that markets, left to their own devices, will provide socially optimal solutions. <P2-S2>  Galbraith agrees with F. A. Hayek as far as the assertion goes that "the price system will fulfil [its] function only if competition prevails, that is, if the individual producer has to adapt to price changes and cannot control them." <P2-S3>  The book presents Galbraith's account of the inter-relationship between politics and economics which for Galbraith is based on a theory of competition guiding a capitalistic democratic society. <SEP> <P3-S0> Colson Whitehead (born November 6, 1969) is an American novelist. <P3-S1>  He is the author of six novels, including his debut work, the 1999 novel "The Intuitionist", and "The Underground Railroad" (2016), for which he won the 2016 National Book Award for Fiction and the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. <P3-S2>  He has also published two books of non-fiction. <P3-S3>  In 2002, he received a MacArthur Fellowship ("Genius Grant").
Question: Who's roles include Danny Tanner on the ABC sitcom "Full House" and was in a 2004 American teen comedy film starring Mary-Kate Olsen, Ashley Olsen and Eugene Levy.?

<P0-S0> To Grandmother's House We Go is a 1992 Christmas television film starring Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. <P0-S1>  The film's title is one of the first lines of Lydia Maria Child's Thanksgiving song "Over the River and Through the Wood". <P0-S2>  It debuted on ABC with unexpected success, mostly because of the already growing popularity of the "Olsen Twins". <SEP> <P1-S0> Robert Lane "Bob" Saget (born May 17, 1956) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, and television host. <P1-S1>  His television roles include Danny Tanner on the ABC sitcom "Full House" (1987–95) and its Netflix sequel "Fuller House", and hosting "America's Funniest Home Videos" from 1989 to 1997. <P1-S2>  Saget is also known for his adult-oriented stand-up routine. <P1-S3>  He also provided the voice of the future Ted Mosby on the CBS sitcom "How I Met Your Mother" from 2005 to 2014. <SEP> <P2-S0> Michelle Elizabeth Tanner is a fictional character on the long-running ABC sitcom "Full House", who was portrayed by Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. <P2-S1>  She first appeared in the show's pilot, "Our Very First Show", which aired in 1987, and continued to appear throughout up to the two-part series finale, "Michelle Rides Again" in 1995. <P2-S2>  The character of Michelle was the Olsen twins' first acting role; the two were infants when they started working on the series. <SEP> <P3-S0> New York Minute is a 2004 American teen comedy film starring Mary-Kate Olsen, Ashley Olsen and Eugene Levy. <P3-S1>  It was directed by Dennie Gordon and released on May 7, 2004. <P3-S2>  In the film Mary-Kate and Ashley play twins with opposing personalities who have a series of misadventures around New York City. <P3-S3>  "New York Minute" reunited Mary-Kate and Ashley with their "Full House" co-star, Bob Saget. <P3-S4>  It was the Olsen twins' first theatrical film release since 1995's "It Takes Two". <P3-S5>  It was also the last film featured by Olsen twins, and the last film released by Dualstar Entertainment before it went into dormancy.
Question: What is the name of the 2017 movie, which is also the name of the navel by Dave Evers was the last performance by Bill Paxton?

<P0-S0> The Circle is a 2017 American techno-thriller film directed by James Ponsoldt and written by Ponsoldt and Dave Eggers, based on Eggers' 2013 novel of the same name. <P0-S1>  The film stars Emma Watson and Tom Hanks, with John Boyega, Karen Gillan, Ellar Coltrane, Patton Oswalt, Glenne Headly and Bill Paxton. <P0-S2>  It is the final performance of Paxton's career, and was released just after his death in February 2017. <P0-S3>  It is also Headly's penultimate performance before her death in June 2017. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mean Dreams is a 2016 Canadian coming-of-age thriller film directed by Nathan Morlando and written by Kevin Coughlin and Ryan Grassby. <P1-S1>  The film stars Sophie Nélisse, Josh Wiggins, and Bill Paxton. <P1-S2>  It was screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival. <P1-S3>  It was one of Paxton's final roles before his death on February 25, 2017. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Circle is a 2013 dystopian novel written by American author Dave Eggers. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Last Performance is a 1929 film directed by Paul Fejos and starring Conrad Veidt and Mary Philbin. <P3-S1>  It was the last American silent film featuring Veidt before he returned to Germany. <P3-S2>  Two versions were made - a silent version and Movietone version complete with music, talking sequences, and sound effects. <P3-S3>  The silent version was first played at the Variety at the Little Carnegie Theater in New York City in November 1929. <P3-S4>  The silent version (with Danish title cards) was released by the Criterion Collection on Blu-ray and DVD with Fejos' "Lonesome" in August 2012. <P3-S5>  "The Last Performance" was shot on the same set as the 1925 film "The Phantom of the Opera", and contained an early use of zoom effects. <P3-S6>  The film received mixed reviews.