Question: When did the king return to the nation that the Duke of York came back to?

<P0-S0> Ice skating was brought to Britain from the Netherlands, where James II was briefly exiled in the 17th century. <P0-S1> When he returned to England, this 'new' sport was introduced to the British aristocracy, and was soon enjoyed by people from all walks of life. <SEP> <P1-S0> In 1664, Peter Stuyvesant, the Director-General of the colony of New Netherland, surrendered New Amsterdam to the English without bloodshed. <P1-S1> The English promptly renamed the fledgling city "New York" after the Duke of York (later King James II). <SEP> <P2-S0> The political turmoil continued. <P2-S1> John began to explore an alliance with the French king Philip II, freshly returned from the crusade. <P2-S2> John hoped to acquire Normandy, Anjou and the other lands in France held by Richard in exchange for allying himself with Philip. <P2-S3> John was persuaded not to pursue an alliance by his mother. <P2-S4> Longchamp, who had left England after Walter's intervention, now returned, and argued that he had been wrongly removed as justiciar. <P2-S5> John intervened, suppressing Longchamp's claims in return for promises of support from the royal administration, including a reaffirmation of his position as heir to the throne. <P2-S6> When Richard still did not return from the crusade, John began to assert that his brother was dead or otherwise permanently lost. <P2-S7> Richard had in fact been captured en route to England by the Duke of Austria and was handed over to Emperor Henry VI, who held him for ransom. <P2-S8> John seized the opportunity and went to Paris, where he formed an alliance with Philip. <P2-S9> He agreed to set aside his wife, Isabella of Gloucester, and marry Philip's sister, Alys, in exchange for Philip's support. <P2-S10> Fighting broke out in England between forces loyal to Richard and those being gathered by John. <P2-S11> John's military position was weak and he agreed to a truce; in early 1194 the king finally returned to England, and John's remaining forces surrendered. <P2-S12> John retreated to Normandy, where Richard finally found him later that year. <P2-S13> Richard declared that his younger brother – despite being 27 years old – was merely "a child who has had evil counsellors" and forgave him, but removed his lands with the exception of Ireland. <SEP> <P3-S0> thomas of bayeux (died 1100) was archbishop of york from 1070 until 1100. he was educated at liège and became a royal chaplain to duke william of normandy, who later became king william i of england. <P3-S1> after the norman conquest, the king nominated thomas to succeed ealdred as archbishop of york. <P3-S2> after thomas' election, lanfranc, archbishop of canterbury, demanded an oath from thomas to obey him and any future archbishops of canterbury; this was part of lanfranc's claim that canterbury was the primary bishopric, and its holder the head of the english church. <P3-S3> thomas countered that york had never made such an oath. <P3-S4> as a result, lanfranc refused to consecrate him. <P3-S5> the king eventually persuaded thomas to submit, but thomas and lanfranc continued to clash over ecclesiastical issues, including the primacy of canterbury, which dioceses belonged to the province of york, and the question of how york's obedience to canterbury would be expressed. <SEP> <P4-S0> on the outbreak of the second world war in september 1939, the duke and duchess were brought back to britain by louis mountbatten on board hms kelly, and edward, although an honorary field marshal, was made a major - general attached to the british military mission in france. <P4-S1> in february 1940, the german ambassador in the hague, count julius von zech - burkersroda, claimed that the duke had leaked the allied war plans for the defence of belgium, which the duke later denied. <P4-S2> when germany invaded the north of france in may 1940, the windsors fled south, first to biarritz, then in june to spain. <P4-S3> in july the pair moved to portugal, where they lived at first in the home of ricardo espírito santo, a portuguese banker with both british and german contacts. <P4-S4> under the code name operation willi, nazi agents, principally walter schellenberg, plotted unsuccessfully to persuade the duke to leave portugal and return to spain, kidnapping him if necessary. <P4-S5> lord caldecote wrote a warning to winston churchill: ``(the duke) is well - known to be pro-nazi and he may become a centre of intrigue. <P4-S6> ''churchill threatened the duke with a court - martial if he did not return to british soil.