Question: Which Supreme Court case dealt with same-sex couples, United States v. Windsor or Medellín v. Texas?

<P0-S0> United States v. Windsor, 570 U.S. ___ (2013) (Docket No. <P0-S1>  12-307 ), is a landmark civil rights case in which the United States Supreme Court held that restricting U.S. federal interpretation of "marriage" and "spouse" to apply only to opposite-sex unions, by Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA), is unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment. <P0-S2>  In the majority opinion, Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote: "The federal statute is invalid, for no legitimate purpose overcomes the purpose and effect to disparage and to injure those whom the State, by its marriage laws, sought to protect in personhood and dignity." <SEP> <P1-S0> Prior to the landmark ruling "United States v. Windsor", the constitutionality of banning same-sex marriage was upheld by the Eighth Circuit in "Citizens for Equal Protection v. Bruning". <P1-S1>  After the "Windsor" ruling, many same-sex marriage bans were struck down by lower courts. <P1-S2>  The Tenth, Fourth, Seventh, and Ninth circuits all ruled that same-sex marriage bans were unconstitutional. <P1-S3>  The cases that made it to these circuit courts originated in district courts which for the most part also struck down same-sex marriage bans. <P1-S4>  When a circuit court struck down a state's same-sex marriage ban, it did not directly strike down same-sex marriage bans in other states within the circuit. <P1-S5>  However, it paved the way for same-sex marriage bans to be struck down in the entire circuit due to the precedent it set for district courts within the circuit to follow. <P1-S6>  In some states, same-sex marriage was already legal before a federal circuit court ruled on the matter. <P1-S7>  The Sixth Circuit ruled that same-sex marriage bans were not unconstitutional and reversed the district court rulings that struck down same-sex marriage bans. <P1-S8>  Since this was the only circuit court to rule this way post-"Windsor", this created a circuit split which ultimately led to the Supreme Court of the United States deciding to resolve the issue once and for all. <P1-S9>  They ruled that same-sex marriage bans violate the constitution in the landmark ruling "Obergefell v. Hodges" which was the consolidated case that covered each state in the Sixth Circuit. <P1-S10>  Some circuit courts have not ruled on the constitutionality of same-sex marriage bans at all. <P1-S11>  Many circuit courts had pending same-sex marriage cases, but decided to hold off on litigation until the Supreme Court ruled on the matter. <SEP> <P2-S0> Medellín v. Texas, 552 U.S. 491 (2008) , is a United States Supreme Court decision that held that even if an international treaty may constitute an international commitment, it is not binding domestic law unless Congress has enacted statutes implementing it or unless the treaty itself is "self-executing." <P2-S1>  Also, the Court held that decisions of the International Court of Justice are not binding domestic law and that, without authority from the United States Congress or the Constitution, the President of the United States lacks the power to enforce international treaties or decisions of the International Court of Justice. <SEP> <P3-S0> Prior to several rulings by the Supreme Court of the United States, adoption laws varied widely by state. <P3-S1>  Some states granted full adoption rights to same-sex couples, while others banned it entirely or only allowed the partner in a same-sex relationship to adopt the biological child of the other partner. <P3-S2>  On June 26, 2015, the Supreme Court struck down all bans on same-sex marriage in the United States. <P3-S3>  On March 31, 2016, a Federal District Court struck down Mississippi's ban on same-sex couples from adoption. <P3-S4>  On June 26, 2017, the Supreme Court reversed an Arkansas Supreme Court ruling and ordered all states to treat same-sex couples equally to opposite-sex couples in the issuance of birth certificates. <P3-S5>  These court rulings have made adoption by same-sex couples legal in all 50 states.