Question: Which college was founded first, Johns Hopkins University or Middlebury College?

<P0-S0> Barton Childs (February 29, 1916 – February 18, 2010) was an American pediatrician and geneticist. <P0-S1>  He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and graduated from Williams College in 1938. <P0-S2>  In 1942, he received his M.D. from Johns Hopkins University. <P0-S3>  Following military service in World War II, he returned to Johns Hopkins for a residency in pediatrics. <P0-S4>  After a fellowship at Children’s Hospital in Boston, he returned to Johns Hopkins University in 1949, where he remained until his retirement in 1981. <P0-S5>  He remained a professor emeritus in the Department of Pediatrics at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine until his death. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Johns Hopkins University (commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins) is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland. <P1-S1>  Founded in 1876, the university was named for its first benefactor, the American entrepreneur, abolitionist, and philanthropist Johns Hopkins. <P1-S2>  His $7 million bequest—of which half financed the establishment of Johns Hopkins Hospital—was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of the United States at that time. <P1-S3>  Daniel Coit Gilman, who was inaugurated as the institution's first president on February 22, 1876, led the university to revolutionize higher education in the U.S. by integrating teaching and research. <P1-S4>  Adopting the concept of a graduate school from Germany's ancient Heidelberg University, Johns Hopkins University is considered the first research university in the United States. <SEP> <P2-S0> Middlebury College is a private liberal arts college located in Middlebury, Vermont, United States. <P2-S1>  The college was founded in 1800 by Congregationalists making it the first operating college or university in Vermont. <P2-S2>  The college currently enrolls 2,526 undergraduates from all 50 states and 74 countries. <P2-S3>  Middlebury offers 44 majors in the arts, humanities, literature, foreign languages, social sciences, and natural sciences. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sara Berry (born 1940) is a scholar of contemporary African political economies, professor of history at Johns Hopkins University and co-founder of the Center for Africana Studies at Johns Hopkins. <P3-S1>  Berry received her PhD in economics at the University of Michigan in 1967 and has taught at Indiana University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Boston University, Johns Hopkins University, and Northwestern University. <P3-S2>  Berry has published four books: "Cocoa, Custom, and Socio-Economic Change in Rural Western Nigeria" (1975, Oxford: Claredon) "Accumulation, Mobility and Class Formation in an Extended Yoruba Community" (1985, University of California Press), "Boundries: Essays on Poverty, Power and the Past in Asante", 1896-1996 (2001, Heinemann), and "No Condition is Permanent: The Social Dynamics of Agrarian Change in Sub-Saharan Africa" (1993, University of Wisconsin Press). <P3-S3>  "No Condition is Permanent" won the 1985 Herskovits Prize for the year’s best book on Africa. <P3-S4>  Berry has worked as a consultant for the Rockefeller Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the U.S. Agency for International Development. <P3-S5>  The National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Herskovits Book Awards Committee. <P3-S6>  She has received fellowships and awards from the Fulbright Senior Scholars Program, the Social Science Research Council, the Guggenheim Foundation, and the Mary Ingraham Bunting Institute at Radcliffe College. <P3-S7>  Berry has a B.A. in history from Radcliffe College in 1961 and an M.A. from University of Michigan in 1965.