winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: In which city is based the Adelson Foundation, a private charitable foundation founded by the business magnate and philanthropist who also owns the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore?

<P0-S0> The Pechet Foundation is an American private charitable foundation founded by Maurice Pechet. <P0-S1>  The organization is based in Dover, Massachusetts. <SEP> <P1-S0> Lee Foundation is Singapore's Largest Private Charitable foundation, created to aid "the advancement of education, medicine and helping the poor; and assisting victims of fire, flood and famine", It also funded other philanthropic work. <P1-S1>  It was founded in 1952 by philanthropist and businessman, Lee Kong Chian. <P1-S2>  It is run by a board comprising his descendants and non-family members, board members include his eldest son Lee Seng Gee (Chairman of Lee foundation and Lee Group of Companies), Lee Seng Tee (well respected philanthropist) Lee Seng Wee (former Chairman of OCBC), Lee Han Shih (notably outspoke former journalist for the Business Times), and Lee Shih Hua, Alan. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Adelson Foundation is an American private charitable foundation founded by business magnate Sheldon Adelson and his wife Miriam. <P2-S1>  The organization is based in Los Angeles. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sheldon Gary Adelson (pronounced ; born August 4, 1933) is an American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. <P3-S1>  He is the founder, chairman and chief executive officer of Las Vegas Sands Corporation, which owns the Marina Bay Sands in Singapore, and is the parent company of Venetian Macao Limited, which operates The Venetian Resort Hotel Casino and the Sands Expo and Convention Center. <P3-S2>  He also owns the Israeli daily newspaper "Israel Hayom", and the "Las Vegas Review-Journal". <P3-S3>  Adelson, a lifelong donor and philanthropist to a variety of causes, founded with his wife's initiative the Adelson Foundation. <P3-S4>  He is a member of the Republican Party.
Question: Who directed the french romantic comedy film that won two Lumières awards, as well as, nine nominations at the 40th César Awards?

<P0-S0> Girlhood (French: Bande de filles , "Gang of Girls") is a 2014 French drama film directed by Céline Sciamma, starring Karidja Touré. <P0-S1>  It is a coming of age film that focuses on the life of Marieme (Karidja Touré), a girl who lives in a rough neighborhood right outside of Paris The film discusses and challenges conceptions of race, gender and class; Sciamma's goal was to capture the stories of black teenagers, characters she claims are generally underdeveloped in French films. <P0-S2>  It was screened as part of the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. <P0-S3>  It was also screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. <P0-S4>  It received four nominations at the 40th César Awards, including Best Director for Céline Sciamma and Most Promising Actress for Karidja Touré. <SEP> <P1-S0> Respire (also known as Breathe) is a 2014 French drama film based on the novel of the same name by Anne-Sophie Brasme. <P1-S1>  The film was directed by Mélanie Laurent and stars Joséphine Japy, Lou de Laâge, Isabelle Carré and Claire Keim. <P1-S2>  It was screened in the International Critics' Week section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. <P1-S3>  It was also screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. <P1-S4>  In January 2015, the film received three nominations at the 20th Lumières Awards and also two nominations at the 40th César Awards. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 20th Lumières Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Lumières, was held on 2 February 2015, at the Espace Pierre Cardin in Paris. <P2-S1>  Nominations were announced on 12 January 2015. " <P2-S2> Saint Laurent" garnered the most nominations with a total of five. " <P2-S3> Timbuktu", "La Famille Bélier" and "Love at First Fight" won two awards each. <SEP> <P3-S0> Love at First Fight (French: Les Combattants ) is a 2014 French romantic comedy film directed by Thomas Cailley. <P3-S1>  It was screened as part of the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival, where it won the FIPRESCI Prize in the Parallel Section. <P3-S2>  In January 2015, the film received nine nominations at the 40th César Awards, winning Best Actress, Most Promising Actor and Best First Feature Film.
Question:  Thlocklo Tustenuggee as reported in newspapers, as were the deaths of other prominent Native American leaders who died in connection with a series of what?

<P0-S0> Grey Beard (died 1875) was a Southern Cheyenne medicine man and chief. <P0-S1>  Among the Native American leaders and civilians rounded up at the end of the Red River War to be transported as a prisoner of war to Fort Marion in Florida, he is one of two who died during the incarceration. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Trail of Tears was a series of forced removals of Native American nations from their ancestral homelands in the Southeastern United States to an area west of the Mississippi River that had been designated as Indian Territory. <P1-S1>  The forced relocations were carried out by various government authorities following the passage of the Indian Removal Act in 1830. <P1-S2>  The relocated people suffered from exposure, disease, and starvation while en route, and more than four thousand died before reaching their various destinations. <P1-S3>  The removal included members of the Cherokee, Muscogee (Creek), Seminole, Chickasaw, and Choctaw nations. <P1-S4>  The phrase "Trail of Tears" originated from a description of the removal of the Cherokee Nation in 1838. <SEP> <P2-S0> Thlocklo Tustenuggee (also known as Thlocko, Thlocco, and Tiger Tail) was one of the most prominent Seminole leaders in the Second Seminole War. <P2-S1>  He spoke English fluently, and also spoke Muscogee. <P2-S2>  Tustenuggee was one of the three leaders of the 300 Seminoles who fought in the battle that became known as the Dade Massacre. <P2-S3>  During the war, he and Halleck Tustenuggee, another prominent Seminole leader in the war, met with General Walker Keith Armistead to negotiate, but negotiations broke down and the war resumed. <P2-S4>  As the war waned, Armistead used money to bribe several Seminole leaders to surrender, but Tustenuggee refused to be bribed and he continued to lead his band in fighting. <P2-S5>  When the war ended, his Seminole band was one of the few that remained in Florida. <P2-S6>  In 1843, Tustenuggee and 26 of his followers were forcibly migrated from Florida to New Orleans, Louisiana. <P2-S7>  They were transported by the USS "Lawrence" along with 65 other Native Americans and three black slaves. <P2-S8>  Tustenuggee then committed suicide by swallowing powdered glass. <P2-S9>  His death was reported in newspapers, as were the deaths of other prominent Native American leaders who died in connection with the Trail of Tears. <SEP> <P3-S0> Montour Falls is a village located in Schuyler County, New York, United States. <P3-S1>  A population of 1,711 was reported by the US Census of 2010. <P3-S2>  A waterfall at the end of West Main Street gives the village its name. <P3-S3>  The name "Montour" is derived from Queen Catharine Montour, a prominent Native American woman of Seneca Indian heritage who lived at the village site in the 18th century.
Question: Who is the Italian director who has directed Roona Mara and is also a countess?

<P0-S0> Countess Mara, founded in 1935 by Lucilla Mara de Vescovi, was an Italian menswear fashion label specialising in high-end pictorial neckties. <P0-S1>  The brand has been owned by Randa Accessories since 1998. <SEP> <P1-S0> Tanner Hall is a 2009 drama filmabout four girls having their coming-of-age in boarding school. <P1-S1>  It was written and directed by Tatiana von Fürstenberg and Francesca Gregorini. <P1-S2>  It stars Rooney Mara, Georgia King, Brie Larson, Amy Ferguson, Tom Everett Scott, Amy Sedaris, Chris Kattan, and Shawn Pyfrom. <SEP> <P2-S0> Francesca Gregorini (born August 7, 1968 as Countess Francesca McKnight Donatella Romana Gregorini di Savignano di Romagna) is an Italian-American director and writer. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sergio Donati (born 13 April 1933) is an Italian screenwriter. <P3-S1>  He has written for more than 70 films since 1952. <P3-S2>  He was born in Rome, Italy. <P3-S3>  He started as a writer and had some of his books optioned for film. <P3-S4>  He is well known for his collaboration with Italian director Sergio Leone, who encouraged him to take up screenwriting as a full-time career, and with Italian producer Dino de Laurentis.
Question: In what year was James Smith defeated and lost his heavyweight title to Mike Tyson?

<P0-S0> James "Buster" Douglas (born April 7, 1960) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1981 to 1990, and 1996 to 1999. <P0-S1>  He is best known for his stunning upset of Mike Tyson on February 11, 1990 in Tokyo to win the undisputed heavyweight title. <P0-S2>  At the time Tyson was undefeated and considered to be the best boxer in the world, as well as one of the most feared heavyweight champions in history due to his domination of the division over the previous three years. <P0-S3>  The only casino to make odds for the fight (all others declining to do so as they considered the fight such a foregone conclusion) had Douglas as a 42-to-1 underdog for the fight, making his victory, in commentator Jim Lampley's words, "The biggest upset in the history of heavyweight championship fights." <P0-S4>  Douglas held the title for eight months and two weeks, losing on October 25, 1990 to Evander Holyfield via third-round knockout, in his only title defense. <SEP> <P1-S0> James "Bonecrusher" Smith (born April 3, 1953) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1981 to 1999, and held the WBA heavyweight title from 1986 to 1987. <P1-S1>  He was the first heavyweight champion with a college degree. <SEP> <P2-S0> Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson, billed as "Lewis–Tyson: Is On", was a professional boxing match that took place on June 8, 2002 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, between IBF, IBO and WBC heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis and former IBF, WBA and WBC heavyweight champion Mike Tyson. <P2-S1>  The fight was for Lewis' heavyweight championship titles. <P2-S2>  Lewis defeated Tyson by knockout in the eighth round. <SEP> <P3-S0> Michael Gerard Tyson ( ; born June 30, 1966) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005. <P3-S1>  He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win a heavyweight title at 20 years, 4 months and 22 days old. <P3-S2>  Tyson won his first 19 professional fights by knockout, 12 of them in the first round. <P3-S3>  He won the WBC title in 1986 after stopping Trevor Berbick in two rounds, and added the WBA and IBF titles after defeating James Smith and Tony Tucker in 1987. <P3-S4>  This made Tyson the first heavyweight boxer to simultaneously hold the WBA, WBC and IBF titles, and the only heavyweight to successively unify them.
Question: Cassius Marcellus Clay Sr. is the father of this American former heavyweight boxer, younger brother to Muhammad, born in what year?

<P0-S0> Odessa Lee Clay (née O'Grady; February 12, 1917 – August 20, 1994) was the mother of three-time World Heavyweight Champion Muhammad Ali and Rahman Ali, and the grandmother of Laila Ali. <P0-S1>  She married Cassius Marcellus Clay, Sr. in the 1930s and worked for some time as a household domestic to help support her young children. <SEP> <P1-S0> Rahman Ali (born Rudolph Valentino Clay ; July 18, 1943) is an American former heavyweight boxer. <P1-S1>  He is the younger brother of the late Muhammad Ali. <SEP> <P2-S0> Cassius Marcellus Clay (November 11, 1912 – February 8, 1990) was an American painter and musician. <P2-S1>  He was the father of three-time World Heavyweight Champion Muhammad Ali and Rahman Ali, and the grandfather of Laila Ali. <P2-S2>  He married Odessa Lee O'Grady in the 1930s and worked as a painter and a musician. <P2-S3>  He was described as "a handsome, mercurial, noisy, combative failed dreamer" and a "hard-drinking, skirt-chasing dandy of a daddy". <P2-S4>  His son Muhammad Ali described him as "the fanciest dancer in Louisville". <SEP> <P3-S0> The Soul of a Butterfly is the autobiography of Muhammad Ali, born Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr., a former heavyweight boxer who was a three time World Heavyweight Champion and is the greatest heavyweight of all time.
Question: What Slovakian palace served as the location for the signing of a truce agreement between Napoleon and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II?

<P0-S0> Karl Anselm, 4th Prince of Thurn and Taxis, full German name: "Karl Anselm Fürst von Thurn und Taxis" (2 June 1733, Frankfurt am Main, Free Imperial City of Frankfurt, Holy Roman Empire – 13 November 1805, Winzer bei Regensburg, Electorate of Bavaria, Holy Roman Empire) was the fourth Prince of Thurn and Taxis, Postmaster General of the Imperial Reichspost, and Head of the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis from 17 March 1773 until his death on 13 November 1805. <P0-S1>  Karl Anselm served as "Prinzipalkommissar" at the Perpetual Imperial Diet in Regensburg for Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor and Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor from 1773 to 1797. <SEP> <P1-S0> The fourth Peace of Pressburg (also known as the Treaty of Pressburg; German: "Preßburger Frieden" ; French: "Traité de Presbourg" ) was signed on 26 December 1805 between Napoleon and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II as a consequence of the French victories over the Austrians at Ulm (25 September – 20 October) and Austerlitz (2 December). <P1-S1>  A truce was agreed on 4 December, and negotiations for the treaty began. <P1-S2>  The treaty was signed in Pressburg (now Bratislava), at that time in Hungary, by Johann I Josef, Prince of Liechtenstein, and the Hungarian Count Ignaz Gyulai for Austria and Charles Maurice de Talleyrand for France. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Primate's Palace (Slovak: "Primaciálny palác" ; Hungarian: "Prímási palota" ) is a neoclassical palace in the Old Town of Bratislava the capital of Slovakia. <P2-S1>  It was built from 1778 to 1781 for Archbishop József Batthyány, after the design of architect Melchior Hefele. <P2-S2>  In 1805, the Palace's Hall of Mirrors saw the signing of the fourth Peace of Pressburg, ending the War of the Third Coalition. <P2-S3>  Today, it serves as the seat of Mayor of Bratislava. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Battle of Austerlitz (2 December 1805/11 Frimaire An XIV FRC), also known as the Battle of the Three Emperors, was one of the most important and decisive engagements of the Napoleonic Wars. <P3-S1>  In what is widely regarded as the greatest ever victory achieved by Napoleon, the "Grande Armée" of France defeated a larger Russian and Austrian army led by Tsar Alexander I and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II. <P3-S2>  The battle occurred near the town of Austerlitz in the Austrian Empire (modern-day Slavkov u Brna in the Czech Republic). <P3-S3>  Austerlitz brought the War of the Third Coalition to a rapid end, with the Treaty of Pressburg signed by the Austrians later in the month. <P3-S4>  The battle is often cited as a tactical masterpiece, in the same league as other historic engagements like Cannae or Arbela.
Question: did Family Circle or Ms. begin publication in 1932?

<P0-S0> The 2006 Family Circle Cup was the 34th edition of the Family Circle Cup. <P0-S1>  This WTA Tier I Event was held at the Family Circle Tennis Center in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. <SEP> <P1-S0> Family Circle is an American home magazine published 12 times a year by Meredith Corporation. <P1-S1>  It began publication in 1932 as a magazine distributed at supermarkets such as Piggly Wiggly and Safeway. <P1-S2>  Cowles Magazines and Broadcasting bought the magazine in 1962. <P1-S3>  The New York Times Company bought the magazine for its woman's magazine division in 1971. <P1-S4>  The division was sold to Gruner + Jahr in 1994. <P1-S5>  When Gruner + Jahr decided to exit the US magazine market in 2005, the magazine was sold to the Meredith Corporation. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 2005 Family Circle Cup was the 33rd edition of the Family Circle Cup. <P2-S1>  This WTA Tier I Event was held at the Family Circle Tennis Center in Charleston, South Carolina, USA. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ms. is an American liberal feminist magazine co-founded by second-wave feminists and sociopolitical activists Gloria Steinem and Dorothy Pitman Hughes. <P3-S1>  Founding editors were Letty Cottin Pogrebin, Mary Thom, Patricia Carbine, Joanne Edgar, Nina Finkelstein, and Mary Peacock. <P3-S2>  "Ms." first appeared in 1971 as an insert in "New York" magazine. <P3-S3>  The first stand-alone issue appeared in January 1972 with funding from "New York" editor Clay Felker. <P3-S4>  From July 1972 to 1987, it appeared on a monthly basis. <P3-S5>  It now publishes quarterly.
Question: Ren Klyce was the primary sound director on every one of his films since "Seven" which was a crime thriller directed by who?

<P0-S0> Ren Klyce is an American supervising sound editor, re-recording mixer and musician. <P0-S1>  He has been nominated for five Academy Awards; three for Best Sound Mixing and two for Best Sound Editing. <P0-S2>  He is best known for his frequent collaborations with director David Fincher, having been the primary sound designer on every one of his films since "Seven", including "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo". <P0-S3>  Most of his work in sound design has been with Skywalker Sound and Mit Out Sound. <P0-S4>  As a musician, he has worked with Narada Michael Walden and Walter Afanasieff, playing synthesizers like Fairlight CMI, Akai Synthesizer, Emulator II and LinnDrum. <SEP> <P1-S0> Harald Kloser (born July 9, 1956) is an Austrian film composer, producer and screenwriter. <P1-S1>  Since his critical and commercial breakthrough in 2005, in which he won the BMI Film Music Award for both of his scores for "Alien vs. Predator" and "The Day After Tomorrow," he has become a regular collaborator of the latter's director, Roland Emmerich, having composed music for every one of the director's films since 2004, excluding "Stonewall" (2015). <P1-S2>  Out of those films, all but "Anonymous" (2011) have been collaborations with fellow composer Thomas Wander. <SEP> <P2-S0> Dagashi Kashi is an anime series based on the manga series of the same name, written and illustrated by Kotoyama. <P2-S1>  The 12-episode anime adaptation premiered in January 2016. <P2-S2>  It was produced at Feel, and was directed by Shigehito Takayanagi, who also handled the series composition together with Yasuko Kamo. <P2-S3>  Kanetoshi Kamimoto was in charge of character design, and Satoshi Motoyama was the series' sound director. <P2-S4>  A second season is planned to premiere in 2018, with Tezuka Productions taking over the series production, and Feel instead being credited for setting cooperation. <P2-S5>  While Motoyama returns as sound director, several other duties have been taken over by new staff: for the second season, Satoshi Kuwabara is in charge of direction, Mayumi Morita handles the series composition, and Nana Miura designs the characters. <SEP> <P3-S0> Seven (sometimes stylized as SE7EN) is a 1995 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed by David Fincher and starring Brad Pitt, Morgan Freeman, Gwyneth Paltrow, John C. McGinley, R. Lee Ermey, and Kevin Spacey. <P3-S1>  The film was based on a screenplay by Andrew Kevin Walker. <P3-S2>  It tells the story of David Mills (Pitt), a young detective who is partnered with the retiring William Somerset (Freeman) and soon tasked with tracking down a serial killer (Spacey) who uses the seven deadly sins as tropes in his murders.
Question:  Stabat Mater, Op. 53 was composed in 1925 to 1926 by a Polish composer and pianist who was considered a memeber of what modernist movement?

<P0-S0> Stabat Mater is a work by Gioachino Rossini based on the traditional structure of the Stabat Mater for chorus and soloists. <P0-S1>  Initially he used his own librettos and compositions for a portion of the work and, eventually, the remainder by Giovanni Tadolini, who composed six additional movements. <P0-S2>  Rossini presented the completed work to Varela as his own. <P0-S3>  It was composed late in his career after retiring from the composition of opera. <P0-S4>  He began the work in 1831 but did not complete it until 1841. <SEP> <P1-S0> Stabat Mater (Op. <P1-S1>  58, originally Op. 28, B. 71) for soli, choir and orchestra is a religious cantata by the Czech composer Antonín Dvořák based on the text of the Stabat Mater. <P1-S2>  The work was sketched in 1876 and completed in 1877. <SEP> <P2-S0> Karol Maciej Szymanowski (] ; 6 October 188229 March 1937) was a Polish composer and pianist, the most celebrated Polish composer of the early 20th century. <P2-S1>  He is considered a member of the late 19th-/early 20th-century modernist movement Young Poland and widely viewed as one of the greatest Polish composers. <SEP> <P3-S0> Karol Szymanowski's Stabat Mater, Op. <P3-S1>  53, was composed in 1925 to 1926 for soprano, alto and baritone soloists, SATB choir, and orchestra. <P3-S2>  The work is divided into six movements and uses Jozef Janowski's (1865–1935) Polish translation of the Marian hymn, Stabat Mater.
Question: In which political party is the senator of the district of the New York Senate that contains a village which had a population of 3,103 at the time of the 2010 Census?

<P0-S0> Brightwaters is an upper-middle class village in the southwest part of the Town of Islip in Suffolk County, New York, United States. <P0-S1>  The population was 3,103 at the time of the 2010 census. <SEP> <P1-S0> Pomona is a village partly in the town of Ramapo and partly in the town of Haverstraw in Rockland County, New York, United States. <P1-S1>  It is located north of New Hempstead, east of Harriman State Park, north of Monsey and west of Mount Ivy. <P1-S2>  According to the 2010 Census, the population was 3,103, a 13 percent increase from the 2000 figure of 2,726. <SEP> <P2-S0> Phillip A. "Phil" Boyle (born July 21, 1961) is the Senator for the 4th District of the New York Senate. <P2-S1>  He is a Republican. <P2-S2>  The district includes the villages of Babylon, Brightwaters, Lindenhurst, Ocean Beach, Saltaire in Suffolk County on Long Island. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 1916 Republican National Convention was held in Chicago from June 7 to June 10. <P3-S1>  A major goal of the party's bosses at the convention was to heal the bitter split within the party that had occurred in the 1912 presidential campaign. <P3-S2>  In that year, Theodore Roosevelt bolted the GOP and formed his own political party, the Progressive Party, which contained most of the GOP's liberals. <P3-S3>  William Howard Taft, the incumbent president, won the nomination of the regular Republican Party. <P3-S4>  This split in the GOP ranks divided the Republican vote and led to the election of Democrat Woodrow Wilson. <P3-S5>  Although several candidates were openly competing for the 1916 nomination—most prominently conservative Senator Elihu Root of New York, Senator John W. Weeks of Massachusetts, and liberal Senator Albert Cummins of Iowa—the party's bosses wanted a moderate who would be acceptable to all factions of the party. <P3-S6>  They turned to Supreme Court Justice Charles Evans Hughes, who had served on the court since 1910 and thus had the advantage of not having publicly spoken about political issues in six years. <P3-S7>  Although he had not sought the nomination, Hughes made it known that he would not turn it down; he won the nomination on the third ballot. <P3-S8>  Former Vice-President Charles W. Fairbanks was nominated as his running mate. <P3-S9>  Hughes was the only Supreme Court Justice to be nominated for president by a major political party. <P3-S10>  Fairbanks (as of 2016) was the last former vice president, to be nominated for vice president.
Question: Seneca Meadows Landfill Sends this Chemical compound with the chemical formula CH to  a nearby independent facility for producing electricity

<P0-S0> Seneca Meadows, owned by Seneca Meadows, Inc. (SMI) is a landfill in Seneca Falls, New York, near Town of Waterloo, with almost 400 acres of landfill and a 2600 acre facility. <P0-S1>  It is the largest active landfill in New York State, as well as Seneca County's fourth largest industrial employer. <P0-S2>  At peak times, the company employs more than 160 full-time workers. <P0-S3>  In 2005, it accepted more than 6,000 tons of garbage a day from multiple states (then three). <P0-S4>  The height limit was 280 ft . <P0-S5>  Methane gas is sent to a nearby independent facility for producing electricity, some of which Seneca Meadows buys back for its own power needs. <P0-S6>  Seneca Meadows began producing gas for electricity in 1995, then producing 2.4 Megawatts. Today it produces 18 Megawatts, enough to power 15,000 to 18,000 homes. <P0-S7>  Seneca Meadows parent company, IESI Corporation, claims that the revenue of the landfill is around $48 million. <SEP> <P1-S0> Trinitrotoluene ( ; TNT), or more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, is a chemical compound with the formula CH(NO)CH. <P1-S1>  This yellow solid is sometimes used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, but it is best known as an explosive material with convenient handling properties. <P1-S2>  The explosive yield of TNT is considered to be the standard measure of bombs and other explosives. <P1-S3>  In chemistry, TNT is used to generate charge transfer salts. <SEP> <P2-S0> Methane ( or ) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula CH (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen). <P2-S1>  It is a group-14 hydride and the simplest alkane, and is the main constituent of natural gas. <P2-S2>  The relative abundance of methane on Earth makes it an attractive fuel, though capturing and storing it poses challenges due to its gaseous state under normal conditions for temperature and pressure. <SEP> <P3-S0> Adamantane is a colorless, crystalline chemical compound with a camphor-like odor. <P3-S1>  With a formula CH, it is a cycloalkane and also the simplest diamondoid. <P3-S2>  Adamantane molecules consists of four connected cyclohexane rings arranged in the "armchair" configuration. <P3-S3>  It is unique in that it is both rigid and virtually stress-free. <P3-S4>  A boat-shaped configuration can also exist. <P3-S5>  Adamantane is the most stable among all the isomers with formula CH, which include the somewhat similar twistane. <P3-S6>  The spatial arrangement of carbon atoms in the adamantane molecule is the same as in the diamond crystal. <P3-S7>  This motivates the name "adamantane", which is derived from the Greek "adamantinos" (relating to steel or diamond).
Question: What was created to transport high quality "smokeless" bituminous coal from southern West Virginia to port at Hampton Roads, who's attorney was an officer in the Confederate States Army ?

<P0-S0> Walter Herron Taylor (June 13, 1838 – March 1, 1916) was an American banker, lawyer, soldier, politician, author, and railroad executive from Norfolk, Virginia. <P0-S1>  During the American Civil War, he was an officer in the Confederate States Army, attaining the rank of lieutenant colonel as an aide to General Robert E. Lee. <P0-S2>  He was later a senator in the Virginia General Assembly, and attorney for the Norfolk and Western Railway and later the Virginian Railway. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Virginian Railway (reporting mark VGN) was a Class I railroad located in Virginia and West Virginia in the United States. <P1-S1>  The VGN was created to transport high quality "smokeless" bituminous coal from southern West Virginia to port at Hampton Roads. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kay Moor, also known as Kaymoor, is the site of an abandoned coal mine, coal processing plant and coal town near Fayetteville, West Virginia. <P2-S1>  The town site is located in the New River Gorge at Kaymoor Bottom . <P2-S2>  It is linked to the mine portal 560 ft above on Sewell Bench in the wall of the Gorge by conveyors. <P2-S3>  The mine exploited the New River Coalfield's Sewell Seam of "smokeless" low-volatile bituminous coal, while the town site was accessible only by the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad's mainline in the Gorge. <P2-S4>  The last portion of the Kay Moor complex, Kaymoor Top was located at the Gorge rim and served as the terminus for the mountain haulage. <SEP> <P3-S0> Building the Virginian Railway began as a project to create an 80 mi -long short line railroad to provide access for shipping of untapped bituminous coal reserves in southern West Virginia early in the 20th century. <P3-S1>  After facing a refusal of the big railroads (who had their own coal lands) to negotiate equitable rates to interchange and forward the coal for shipping, the owners and their investors expanded their scheme and built a U.S. Class I railroad which extended from some of the most rugged terrain of West Virginia over 400 mi to reach port at Hampton Roads near Norfolk, Virginia.
Question: The actress that played Sandy Jameson in the tv series "7th Heaven", stars with Madeline Zima and Monica Lo in a 2008 film directed by who?

<P0-S0> Pretty Little Devils is a 2008 American direct-to-video black comedy film directed by Irving Rothberg. <P0-S1>  It stars Haylie Duff, Madeline Zima, Monica Lo, Margo Harshman, Brett Claywell and Tom Green. <SEP> <P1-S0> Safe Harbor is an American television drama series that aired on The WB Television Network from September 20, 1999 to November 28, 1999. <P1-S1>  The series was created and executive produced by Brenda Hampton, who at the time was best known for work on the fellow WB series "7th Heaven", the series was paired with "7th Heaven" on the network's Monday night lineup. <P1-S2>  Despite "7th Heaven" being the No. 1 show on The WB during the 1999-2000 season, "Safe Harbor" was unable to hold a solid audience after "7th Heaven" and was canceled after ten episodes and one season with the show moving to Sunday nights where the last two episodes aired. <SEP> <P2-S0> 7th Heaven (also known as Seventh Heaven) is a 1927 American silent romantic drama directed by Frank Borzage, and starring Janet Gaynor and Charles Farrell. <P2-S1>  The film is based upon the 1922 play "Seventh Heaven", by Austin Strong and was adapted for the screen by Benjamin Glazer. <P2-S2>  "7th Heaven" was initially released as a standard silent film in May of 1927. <P2-S3>  On September 10, 1927, Fox Film Corporation re-released the film with a synchronized Movietone soundtrack with a musical score and sound effects. <SEP> <P3-S0> Haylie Katherine Duff (born February 19, 1985) is an American actress, singer, songwriter, television host, writer, and fashion designer. <P3-S1>  She is best known on her role as Sandy Jameson in the television series "7th Heaven", Amy Sanders on "Lizzie McGuire", Summer Wheatley in "Napoleon Dynamite", and Annie Nelson in the made-for-television films "Love Takes Wing" along with its sequel "Love Finds a Home" (2009).
Question: Managed by English music manager and producer, John Arnison, Leftfield, a British electronic music group, began as a duo between who?

<P0-S0> John Arnison is an English music manager and producer. <P0-S1>  Acts he has managed include Marillion in the 1980s and much of the 1990s, Gabrielle, Billy Ocean, Aswad, MN8, Charles & Eddie, Yusuf Islam (formerly Cat Stevens) Leftfield, Connie Talbot and Noisettes. <P0-S2>  2015 John now runs John Arnison Music and Media, a bespoke management company Managing the Singer Billy Ocean and up and coming band CC Smugglers. <SEP> <P1-S0> Leftfield are a British electronic music group formed in 1989. <P1-S1>  It began as the duo of Neil Barnes and Paul Daley (formerly of the Rivals, A Man Called Adam and the Brand New Heavies). <P1-S2>  In January 2010 Barnes resurrected Leftfield without Daley and, after touring for a few years, finished writing new material for a third album entitled "Alternative Light Source". <P1-S3>  Daley declined to be involved and is focusing upon his solo career. <SEP> <P2-S0> "White Noise" is a song by British electronic music duo Disclosure, featuring vocals from electronic music duo AlunaGeorge. <P2-S1>  It was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 1 February 2013. <P2-S2>  The song peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart. <P2-S3>  The track is the second single from the duo's debut studio album, "Settle" (2013). <P2-S4>  The song was written by Howard Lawrence, Guy Lawrence, Aluna Francis, George Reid and James Napier. <SEP> <P3-S0> John Coletta (1932 – 9 July 2006) was an English music manager and music producer. <P3-S1>  He managed Deep Purple, Whitesnake, Ritchie Blackmore's Rainbow, Praying Mantis and others.
Question: Who has a  company called Vertigo Productions and is based in Adelaide, Rolf de Heer or Jean-Marc Vallée?

<P0-S0> Rolf de Heer (born 4 May 1951) is a Dutch Australian film director. <P0-S1>  De Heer was born in Heemskerk in the Netherlands but migrated to Sydney when he was eight years old. <P0-S2>  He attended the Australian Film, Television and Radio School in Sydney. <P0-S3>  His company is called Vertigo Productions and is based in Adelaide. <P0-S4>  De Heer primarily makes alternative or arthouse films. <P0-S5>  According to the jacket notes of the videotape, de Heer holds the honor of co-producing and directing the only motion picture, "Dingo", in which the jazz legend Miles Davis appears as an actor. <P0-S6>  Miles Davis collaborated with Michel Legrand on the score. <P0-S7>  He is the subject of the book "Dutch Tilt, Aussie Auteur: The Films of Rolf de Heer" (First edition – Saarbrücken, Germany: VDM, 2009. <P0-S8>  Second edition – Ebook: Starrs via Smashwords.com, 2013) by Dr D. Bruno Starrs. <P0-S9>  A comprehensive study of his films to date, "Dancing to His Song: the Singular Cinema of Rolf de Heer" by film critic Jane Freebury, is published in ebook and print (Currency Press & Currency House, 2015). <SEP> <P1-S0> Dr Plonk is a 2007 Australian silent sci-fi comedy film written and directed by Rolf de Heer. <P1-S1>  It premiered in Australia in at the 2007 Adelaide Film Festival and had live accompaniment by the Stiletto Sisters. <P1-S2>  The film was also screened at the launch of Australia's National Film and Sound Archive's new cinema, Arc, in August 2007. <P1-S3>  Its public cinema release is 30 August 2007. <SEP> <P2-S0> Jean-Marc Vallée (born March 9, 1963) film director, screenwriter, and film editor from Québec, Canada. <P2-S1>  After studying film at the Université du Québec à Montréal, Vallée went on to make a number of acclaimed short films, including "Stéréotypes" (1991), "Les Fleurs magiques" (1995), and "Les Mots magiques" (1998). <SEP> <P3-S0> The Old Man Who Read Love Stories is a 2001 Australian film directed by Rolf de Heer. <P3-S1>  It is based on the book of the same name by Luis Sepulveda.
Question: Arty collaborated with what Dutch born record producer?

<P0-S0> Diztortion is a Dutch born songwriter and record producer best known for his work with UK based artists Stylo G, Lethal Bizzle, Tinie Tempah and Sigma. <P0-S1>  <br>His first notable release was "Soundbwoy" by Anglo-Jamaican dancehall artist Stylo G. <SEP> <P1-S0> Armin van Buuren (] ; born 25 December 1976) is a Dutch DJ, record producer and remixer. <SEP> <P2-S0> Jeff Vandeberg is a Dutch born American architect. <P2-S1>  In the early part of his career he collaborated with the heralded modernist Marcel Breuer on several noted projects including the Madison Avenue situated Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City and the Rosenberg House in East Hampton, New York. <P2-S2>  In 1972 he opened his own practice. <P2-S3>  His completed designs have included; the Providence College ice hockey rink, the Roanoke Electric Steel building, the headquarters of the Mellon Foundation and perhaps his most high profile work to date, the Chelsea Market in New York City located at the confluence of the meat packing and Chelsea neighborhoods. <P2-S4>  He is a past adjunct professor at Pratt institute in Brooklyn. <SEP> <P3-S0> Arty (born Artyom Stolyarov (Russian: Артём Столяро́в , ] ) in Engels) is a Russian trance and progressive house producer and DJ. <P3-S1>  He has collaborated with Armin van Buuren, Above & Beyond, BT, Paul van Dyk, Mat Zo, OneRepublic and Matisse & Sadko.
Question: How far southeast of Xalapa is the city at the east end of Mexican Federal Highway 150?

<P0-S0> Mexican Federal Highway 34 ("Carretera Federal 34", locally as "Carretera Rodeo-Nazas" and "Carretera Nazas-Cuatillos") is a Federal Highway of Mexico. <P0-S1>  The highway starts in the west about 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Rodeo, Durango along Mexican Federal Highway 45 and travels east then northeast towards the city of Nazas. <P0-S2>  From Nazas, the highway travels east until just before it reaches the western portion of Presa Francisco Zarco lake; from there, the highway travels southeast, traversing Mexican Federal Highway 40 and ending in Pedriceña. <P0-S3>  The total distance of Mexican Federal Highway 34 is 98 km (61 mi). <SEP> <P1-S0> Veracruz (] ), officially known as Heroica Veracruz, is a major port city and municipality on the Gulf of Mexico in the Mexican state of Veracruz. <P1-S1>  The city is located along the coast in the central part of the state, 90 km southeast of the state capital Xalapa along Federal Highway 140. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mexican Federal Highway 70 ("Carretera Federal 70") is a Federal Highway of Mexico. <P2-S1>  The highway travels from its western end at Mexican Federal Highway 54 in Jalpa, Zacatecas to its eastern end at Mexican Federal Highway 80 and Mexican Federal Highway 180 in Tampico, Tamaulipas. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mexican Federal Highway 150 ("Carretera Federal 150") is a Federal Highway of Mexico. <P3-S1>  The highway travels from Veracruz, Veracruz in the east to Mexico City in the west. <P3-S2>  Federal Highway 150 is one of five Mexican Federal Highways that terminate in Mexico's capital city.
Question: Who is the director of the upcoming film based on the real-life cases of Ed and Lorraine Warren?

<P0-S0> The Conjuring is a 2013 American supernatural horror film directed by James Wan and written by Chad Hayes and Carey W. Hayes. <P0-S1>  It is the first installment in "The Conjuring" series. <P0-S2>  Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga star as Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent cases of haunting. <P0-S3>  Their purportedly real-life reports inspired "The Amityville Horror" story and film franchise. <P0-S4>  The Warrens come to the assistance of the Perron family (Ron Livingston and Lili Taylor), who are experiencing increasingly disturbing events in their farmhouse in Rhode Island in 1971. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Conjuring is an American horror film series distributed by the New Line Cinema division of Warner Bros. <P1-S1>  Pictures. <P1-S2>  The films present a fictional take on the real-life cases of Ed and Lorraine Warren, paranormal investigators and authors associated with prominent yet controversial cases of haunting. <P1-S3>  The main series follows their attempts to assist people who find themselves possessed by demonic spirits, while the spin-off films focus on the origins of some of the entities the Warrens have come across. <SEP> <P2-S0> Psychic Detectives or Psychic Investigators is a television program produced by StoryHouse Productions for Court TV, as of 2006 in its 5th season. <P2-S1>  The program documents real-life cases of situations in which police departments have enlisted the aid of psychics in solving difficult cases. <P2-S2>  The series production does not investigate the claims of the psychics showcased or confirm their claims. <P2-S3>  For entertainment it instead recreates some of the atmosphere surrounding psychic claims using a selection of well recognized intuitives, crime psychics, psychic detectives and supporters of paranormal beliefs. <P2-S4>  A cross section of paranormal psychics are profiled though most are women who typically are engaged as self-described psychic mediums communicating with the dead. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Nun is an upcoming American horror film directed by Corin Hardy. <P3-S1>  The screenplay by Gary Dauberman is from a story by Dauberman and James Wan. <P3-S2>  It is a spin-off of 2016's "The Conjuring 2" and is set to be the fifth installment in "The Conjuring" series. <P3-S3>  It stars Taissa Farmiga, Demián Bichir, Charlotte Hope and Bonnie Aarons. <P3-S4>  The film is scheduled for release on July 13, 2018 by Warner Bros. <P3-S5>  Pictures.
Question: Men at Work: The Craft of Baseball was written by what American conservative political commentator who writes regular columns for The Washington Post?

<P0-S0> Men at Work: The Craft of Baseball is a "New York Times" best-selling 1990 book about baseball. <P0-S1>  It was written by American Pulitzer Prize–winning author George Will, and published by Macmillan Publishers. <P0-S2>  The book focuses on four successful Major League Baseball figures, three of them players, representing different aspects of baseball: a manager, a pitcher, a hitter, and a fielder. <SEP> <P1-S0> George Frederick Will (born May 4, 1941) is an American conservative political commentator. <P1-S1>  Will writes regular columns for "The Washington Post" and provides commentary for NBC News and MSNBC. <P1-S2>  In 1986, "The Wall Street Journal" called him "perhaps the most powerful journalist in America", in a league with Walter Lippmann (1889–1974). <P1-S3>  His numerous awards include the Pulitzer Prize for commentary in 1977. <SEP> <P2-S0> Angela Marie "Bay" Buchanan (born December 23, 1948) is a prominent conservative political commentator who served as Treasurer of the United States under President Ronald Reagan. <P2-S1>  She is also the sister of conservative political commentator Pat Buchanan. <SEP> <P3-S0> Derek Khanna (born Derek Satya Khanna sometime after 1984), is a Washington, D.C.-based Indian American conservative political commentator and columnist. <P3-S1>  He has written for the "Washington Post" and "The Guardian", maintains a blog with Forbes, and is a regular contributor with The Atlantic, National Review Online, Human Events and Politix. <P3-S2>  He is also an adviser and Board member to several technology start-ups. <P3-S3>  He was listed on Forbes's 2014 list of 30 under 30 for law in policy for his work on technology policy and the successful phone unlocking campaign which resulted in the Unlocking Consumer Choice and Wireless Competition Act (S. 517/ P.L. 113-144) passing Congress and being signed into law by President Obama on August 1, 2014.
Question: What is the name of the 15-part BBC television documentary series hosted by one of Jessica Warner's fellow historians who praised her book, "John the Painter: Terrorist of the American Revolution"?

<P0-S0> Soldiers: A History of Men in Battle is a 1985 BBC television documentary series about the history of warfare from antiquity to the Falklands War. <P0-S1>  Each episode looks at warfare from the perspective of different participants: infantryman, artillerist, cavalryman, tanker, airman, guerrilla, surgeon, logistician and commander. <P0-S2>  The series and a companion book were written by John Keegan and Richard Holmes, and the series was presented by Frederick Forsyth. <SEP> <P1-S0> Francesco's Venice was a four-part BBC television documentary series hosted by Francesco da Mosto and first broadcast on BBC2 in 2004. <P1-S1>  The series follows da Mosto as he explores the history of Venice, beginning with its creation in the 5th century and concluding in the modern era. <P1-S2>  Each episode focuses upon a certain area of Venetian history, interlaced with various anecdotes from da Mosto's own experiences and family history. <P1-S3>  A book of the same name was published to accompany the series in 2004. <SEP> <P2-S0> Simon Michael Schama, CBE, FRSL (born 13 February 1945), is an English historian specialising in art history, Dutch history, and French history. <P2-S1>  He is a University Professor of History and Art History at Columbia University, New York. <P2-S2>  He first came to popular public attention with his history of the French Revolution titled "", published in 1989. <P2-S3>  In the United Kingdom, he is perhaps best known for writing and hosting the 15-part BBC television documentary series "A History of Britain" broadcast between 2000 and 2002. <SEP> <P3-S0> Jessica Warner is an American historian, specializing in the social history of Great Britain in the early modern age. <P3-S1>  Her books include "Craze: Gin and Debauchery in an Age of Reason" and "John the Painter: Terrorist of the American Revolution". <P3-S2>  The latter book has won praise from fellow historians like Simon Schama and Brenda Maddox.
Question: Christian Kane stared in a 2003 romantic comedy film that was produced by who?

<P0-S0> How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days is a 2003 romantic comedy film directed by Donald Petrie, starring Kate Hudson and Matthew McConaughey. <P0-S1>  It is based on a short cartoon book of the same name by Michele Alexander and Jeannie Long. <SEP> <P1-S0> Her Minor Thing is a romantic comedy is directed by Charles Matthau released in 2005, with screenplay written by Jim and Debra Meyers. <P1-S1>  The film stars Estella Warren, Christian Kane, and Michael Weatherly. <SEP> <P2-S0> Christian Kane (born June 27, 1972) is an American actor and singer-songwriter. <P2-S1>  He is known for his roles in the television shows "Angel", "Leverage", "The Librarians" and "Into the West", and the movies "Just Married", "Taxi", and "Secondhand Lions". <SEP> <P3-S0> Just Married is a 2003 American romantic comedy film directed by Shawn Levy, and was written by Sam Harper, and starring Ashton Kutcher and Brittany Murphy. <P3-S1>  Produced by Robert Simonds, the film was successful at the box office despite generally negative critical reviews.
Question: Who is a founding member of Joy Division, Peter Cox or Bernard Sumner?

<P0-S0> Peter John Cox (born 17 November 1955) is an English singer-songwriter, best known as the lead singer of the British pop duo Go West. <SEP> <P1-S0> Peter Cox is the debut solo album from Go West frontman Peter Cox. <P1-S1>  It features 11 tracks mostly written by Cox and album producer Peter-John Vettese. <SEP> <P2-S0> Bernard Sumner (born 4 January 1956), also briefly known as Bernard Albrecht, is an English singer, songwriter, musician and record producer. <P2-S1>  He is a founding member of both Joy Division and New Order, and is widely credited with the latter band's move towards electronica and synthpop. <SEP> <P3-S0> Community is a tribute album dedicated to the work of Ian Curtis, Gillian Gilbert, Peter Hook, Stephen Morris and Bernard Sumner of the bands New Order and Joy Division that was released in 2004.