winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which skyscraper is currently under development, 200 Vesey Street or Wall Street Tower?

<P0-S0> One World Trade Center (also known as 1 World Trade Center, 1 WTC or Freedom Tower ) is the main building of the rebuilt World Trade Center complex in Lower Manhattan, New York City. <P0-S1>  It is the tallest building in the Western Hemisphere, and the sixth-tallest in the world. <P0-S2>  The supertall structure has the same name as the North Tower of the original World Trade Center, which was destroyed in the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. <P0-S3>  The new skyscraper stands on the northwest corner of the 16 acre World Trade Center site, on the site of the original 6 World Trade Center. <P0-S4>  The building is bounded by West Street to the west, Vesey Street to the north, Fulton Street to the south, and Washington Street to the east. <SEP> <P1-S0> Commonly known as the Denmark Vesey House, the house located at 56 Bull Street in Charleston, South Carolina is almost certainly not the house once inhabited by black abolitionist Denmark Vesey. <P1-S1>  Vesey's rented home, owned first by attorney George Cross and later by white carpenter Benjamin Ireland, listed as 20 Bull Street under the city's former numbering system, is now evidently gone. <P1-S2>  A nearby home, most likely built in the 1830s or 1840s and currently numbered 56 Bull Street, was thought in the 1970s to have been the home of Denmark Vesey, and it was designated as a National Historic Landmark in 1976 by the Department of Interior. <SEP> <P2-S0> 200 Vesey Street, formerly known as Three World Financial Center and also known as American Express Tower, is a skyscraper in Lower Manhattan, New York City. <P2-S1>  Located on West Street between Liberty Street and Vesey Street, the 739 ft building is the tallest in the Brookfield Place complex (formerly known as the World Financial Center). <P2-S2>  It is similar in design to 225 Liberty Street (formerly Two World Financial Center), except that it is capped by a solid pyramid whereas 225 Liberty is capped by a dome. <SEP> <P3-S0> Wall Street Tower is a mixed-use building under development in the Financial District of Manhattan. <P3-S1>  The building is being developed by Lightstone Group and was designed by British architect David Adjaye. <P3-S2>  The building will be funded through the EB-5 visa program and through more traditional sources of capital.
Question: What show featuring an Audio-Animatronic version of a U.S. President was located on Main Street, USA?

<P0-S0> The Hall of Presidents is an attraction located in Liberty Square at the Magic Kingdom in the Walt Disney World Resort. <P0-S1>  The attraction is a multi-media presentation and stage show featuring Audio-Animatronic figures of all 44 individual United States Presidents upon completion of refurbishment. <P0-S2>  It opened on October 1, 1971, along with the rest of the Magic Kingdom and resort. <SEP> <P1-S0> Disneyland: The First 50 Magical Years was an exhibit about the history of Disneyland. <P1-S1>  It was located on Main Street, U.S.A. in the Opera House, which since 1965 had housed Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln. <P1-S2>  In the lobby are displays featuring models, photos, concept art and sculptures associated with many Disneyland attractions. <P1-S3>  There was also a scale model of Disneyland as it appeared in the summer of the opening year 1955. <SEP> <P2-S0> Liberty Square is one of six "themed lands" and is exclusive to the Magic Kingdom, a theme park at the Walt Disney World Resort in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. <P2-S1>  Themed after colonial America, replicas of both the Liberty Bell and Liberty Tree can be seen here. <P2-S2>  One of the most popular attractions in the Magic Kingdom, the Haunted Mansion, is located in this land. <P2-S3>  Presiding over the square is the Hall of Presidents, an American history show featuring an audio-animatronic figure of every President of the United States. <P2-S4>  Liberty Square has a long waterfront on the Rivers of America and the "Liberty Belle" Riverboat steam paddleboat departs from a landing here. <P2-S5>  The land affords excellent views of the river and Tom Sawyer Island in adjacent Frontierland. <SEP> <P3-S0> Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln is a stage show featuring an Audio-Animatronic version of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, best known for being presented at Disneyland since 1965. <P3-S1>  It was originally showcased as the prime feature of the State of Illinois Pavilion at the 1964 New York World's Fair. <P3-S2>  One year after its debut at the World's Fair, the show opened at Disneyland, where it has undergone several changes and periods of hiatus over the years. <P3-S3>  Today "Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln" is an element of the Disneyland attraction The Disneyland Story presenting Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln, which opened in 2009.
Question: Aitor Martinez competed in an Olympic event that was held in what city?

<P0-S0> The Summer Olympic Games (French: "Jeux olympiques d'été" ) or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is an international multi-sport event that is hosted by a different city every four years. <P0-S1>  The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. <P0-S2>  The International Olympic Committee organizes the games and oversees the host city's preparations. <P0-S3>  In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third; this tradition began in 1904. <P0-S4>  The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics. <SEP> <P1-S0> Biathlon at the 1960 Winter Olympics consisted of one biathlon event, held at McKinney Creek Stadium, Tahoma, California. <P1-S1>  The event occurred on 21 February 1960. <P1-S2>  This was the first appearance of modern biathlon in the Olympic Games. <P1-S3>  In 1924, a military patrol event was held. <P1-S4>  Some sources do not include this military patrol race as an Olympic event, but the IOC considers it an event within biathlon. <SEP> <P2-S0> Aitor Martínez (born 22 August 1993) is a Spanish swimmer. <P2-S1>  He competed in the men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay event at the 2016 Summer Olympics. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 2016 Summer Olympics (Portuguese: "Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016" ), officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016, was a major international multi-sport event celebrated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 5 to 21 August 2016.
Question: Within what New York based munitions storage and disposal facility was the LORAN-C transmitter Seneca located? 

<P0-S0> The former Seneca Army Depot occupied 10587 acre between Seneca Lake and Cayuga Lake in Seneca County, New York. <P0-S1>  It was used as a munitions storage and disposal facility by the United States Army from 1941 until the 1990s. <P0-S2>  The Depot was listed in the 1995 Base Realignment and Closure Commission and formally shut down in 2000. <P0-S3>  The property has since been transferred to the Seneca County Industrial Development Agency, which leases it to Seneca County Economic Development Corp. <SEP> <P1-S0> The CKX-TV Craig broadcasting tower is a 411.5 metre 1,350 feet-high guyed TV mast located in Hayfield, Manitoba, Canada. <P1-S1>  It is currently the second-tallest structure in Canada. <P1-S2>  The current structure is actually the second version built at the site. <P1-S3>  When the original mast was built in 1973, the CKX-TV Craig broadcasting tower matched the height of the Cape Race LORAN-C transmitter as the tallest structures in Canada. <P1-S4>  Only one structure built since then within Canada has surpassed its height: the CN Tower in Toronto. <P1-S5>  The original mast collapsed in an ice storm in 1983 and was subsequently rebuilt in 1985. <SEP> <P2-S0> The LORAN-C transmitter Seneca was the master station of the Northeast US LORAN-C Chain (GRI 9960) and the X-Ray secondary station of the Great Lakes Chain (GRI 8970). <P2-S1>  It was located within the Seneca Army Depot in Romulus, New York, south of Geneva. <P2-S2>  It used a 1000 kilowatt, 742 foot (226.2 m) guyed mast that was constructed in 1977 and dedicated on August 2, 1978. <P2-S3>  The station was operated by United States Coast Guard and was located on a 250 acre piece of land within the 10,587 acre facility. <P2-S4>  The transmitter was used to guide ships and aircraft up to 1000 mi away. <P2-S5>  It was the first LORAN station to use solid state versus vacuum tube components. <SEP> <P3-S0> The LORAN-C transmitter Rantum is a transmission facility for LORAN-C on the German island Sylt near the village Rantum at 54°48'30″N, 8°17'37″W( ). <P3-S1>  It was established in the 1960s, initially using a guyed steel framework mast with a triangular cross section, approximately 190 metres tall. <P3-S2>  In 1996 this mast was replaced by a 193 metre high mast of the same type but of a better mechanical design. <P3-S3>  The new mast is, as its forerunner, insulated from ground and has a triangular cross section. <P3-S4>  The construction, weighing 65 tons, is guyed in 4 levels at 60.52 m, 120.87 m, 154.95 m and 190 m.
Question: WHo played the matriarch of the Jackson family in the 2004 Michael Jackson biopic?

<P0-S0> Patricia Idlette is an actress known for her role as Kiffany in Showtime's "Dead Like Me". <P0-S1>  She also appeared in four episodes of "Battlestar Galactica" as politician Sarah Porter, and as Melanie Blackstone in the miniseries "Amerika". <P0-S2>  Idlette portrayed Katherine Jackson, mother of Michael Jackson, in the 2004 biopic "". <P0-S3>  She appeared as Brenda's mother in "Scary Movie 3" in 2003. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Big Boy" (also known as "I'm a Big Boy Now") is the debut single by The Jackson 5 and the first song sung by Michael Jackson. <P1-S1>  "Big Boy was released by Steeltown Records, a record company in Gary, Indiana, in January 1968. <P1-S2>  After it was released, the song played on radio stations in the Chicago-Gary area and was a local hit. <P1-S3>  Beginning in March 1968, Steeltown Records sold thousands of copies of "Big Boy" nationally through a distribution deal with Atlantic Records, but it was neither a critical nor commercial success. <P1-S4>  The Jackson family, however, were delighted with the outcome nonetheless. <P1-S5>  The Jackson 5 would release a second single on the "Steeltown" label before signing with Motown Records in Detroit, the 26th of July 1968. <P1-S6>  The group played instruments on many of their Steeltown compositions, including "Big Boy". <P1-S7>  The group's recordings at Steeltown Records were thought to be lost, but they were rediscovered more than 25 years later. <P1-S8>  They were remastered and released in 1995, with "Big Boy" as the promotional lead single. <SEP> <P2-S0> Carol Ann Jackson is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera "EastEnders", played by Lindsey Coulson. <P2-S1>  The character was introduced in 1993 as the mother of the Jackson family. <P2-S2>  Coulson decided to quit the role in 1997, but she returned temporarily in 1999 within a storyline that marked Carol's daughter Bianca's (Patsy Palmer) exit. <P2-S3>  On 25 October 2009 it was confirmed that she would return along with other members of the Jackson family, Sonia (Natalie Cassidy), Robbie (Dean Gaffney) and Billie (Devon Anderson), on 15 February 2010, although her first appearance in 2010 is in "EastEnders: Last Tango in Walford", an episode released exclusively to DVD on 8 February 2010. <P2-S4>  Coulson chose to leave the show for a third time in June 2015, with her exit aired on 2 October 2015. <SEP> <P3-S0> Katherine Esther Jackson (born Kattie B. Screws; May 4, 1930) is the matriarch of the Jackson family.
Question: Which film was shown on a double bill with the film "Dumbo", Saludos Amigos or Valiant?

<P0-S0> José "Zé" Carioca ( ; ] ] ) is a Disney cartoon character drawn as an anthropomorphic parrot from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (thus "Carioca", a term which refers to a person born there). <P0-S1>  José was created in 1942 for the movie "Saludos Amigos" as a friend of Donald Duck, described by "Time" as "a dapper Brazilian parrot, who is as superior to Donald Duck as the Duck was to Mickey Mouse". <P0-S2>  He returned in the 1944 film "The Three Caballeros" along with Donald and a Mexican rooster named Panchito Pistoles. <SEP> <P1-S0> Saludos Amigos (Spanish for "Greetings, Friends") is a 1942 American live-action animated package film produced by Walt Disney and released by RKO Radio Pictures. <P1-S1>  It is the sixth Disney animated feature film and the first of the six package films produced by Walt Disney Productions in the 1940s. <P1-S2>  Set in Latin America, it is made up of four different segments; Donald Duck stars in two of them and Goofy stars in one. <P1-S3>  It also features the first appearance of José Carioca, the Brazilian cigar-smoking parrot. <P1-S4>  "Saludos Amigos" was popular enough that Walt Disney decided to make another film about Latin America, "The Three Caballeros", to be produced two years later. <P1-S5>  "Saludos Amigos" premiered in Rio de Janeiro on August 24, 1942. <P1-S6>  It was released in the United States on February 6, 1943. <P1-S7>  At 42 minutes, it is Disney's shortest animated feature to date. <P1-S8>  It garnered positive reviews and was theatrically reissued in 1949, when it was shown on a double bill with the first reissue of "Dumbo". <SEP> <P2-S0> Valiant is a 2005 British computer-animated film produced by Vanguard Animation and Odyssey Entertainment, and released by Entertainment Film Distributors in the United Kingdom on March 25, 2005 and by Walt Disney Pictures in the United States on August 19, 2005. <P2-S1>  Set in May of the year 1944, it tells the story of a group of war pigeons during World War II. <P2-S2>  Reviews of "Valiant" were mixed but largely negative. <P2-S3>  The film is based on a story by Jordan Katz, George Webster and George Melrod, and inspired by true stories of hundreds of pigeons that helped the soldiers in the war. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Son of Captain Blood is a 1962 Italian/Spanish/US international co-production film. <P3-S1>  It is the first starring role in a film for Sean Flynn, the son of Errol Flynn, who played the title character in the 1935 film "Captain Blood". <P3-S2>  The film was released in Great Britain in 1963 by Warner-Pathe (in some regions on a double bill with Hammer's "The Scarlet Blade"). <P3-S3>  Paramount Pictures released the film in the US in 1964 on a double bill with the Jerry Lewis film "The Patsy".
Question: Which American band was involved in a 2005 legal battle against N.W.A. for unauthorized sampling of a song?

<P0-S0> Bridgeport Music, Inc. v. Dimension Films, 410 F.3d 792 (6th Cir. <P0-S1>  2005), is a court case that has proved important in defining American copyright law for recorded music. <P0-S2>  The case centered on N.W.A.’s song "100 Miles and Runnin'" and Funkadelic's "Get Off Your Ass and Jam". <P0-S3>  Essentially, N.W.A. sampled a two-second guitar chord from Funkadelic's tune, lowered the pitch and looped it five times in their song. <P0-S4>  This was all done without Funkadelic's permission and with no compensation paid to Bridgeport Music, which claims to own the rights to Funkadelic's music. <SEP> <P1-S0> Funkadelic is an American band that was most prominent during the 1970s. <P1-S1>  The band and its sister act Parliament, both led by George Clinton, pioneered the funk music culture of that decade. <SEP> <P2-S0> John J. Kirby, Jr. is an American attorney who was employed by the law firm Latham & Watkins LLP until June 30, 2007 where he served as head of the New York office's Intellectual Property and Technology Practice Group and chairman of the New York Litigation Department from 1995 to 2004. <P2-S1>  Kirby has represented a number of notable corporations in legal disputes, among which the likes of PepsiCo. <P2-S2> , General Foods, and Warner-Lambert. <P2-S3>  One of his most well-known cases was Universal City Studios, Inc. v. Nintendo Co., Ltd. In this case, he defended Nintendo against litigation from Universal City Studios in a dispute revolving around the video game "Donkey Kong", which Universal had claimed to be illegally based on "King Kong". <P2-S4>  Kirby won the case, a landmark victory for Nintendo, by presenting evidence that Universal had previously won a legal battle against RKO that stated the story and characters of "King Kong" were in the public domain; thus, Universal had no legal right to claim ownership of the characters and basic scenario (man rescuing a woman from a large ape) when the studio originally threatened legal action against Nintendo. <SEP> <P3-S0> U2 is a withdrawn EP by the experimental music and sound collage band Negativland, released in 1991. <P3-S1>  The EP and the band gained notoriety when lawyers representing Island Records, the record label of the band U2, sued over misleading artwork and the use of unauthorized sampling.
Question: Kyra Nijinsky was the daughter of a Russian ballet dancer who was admired for his what?

<P0-S0> Andrey Ermakov (Russian: Андрей Андреевич Ермаков ), (born May 27, 1987) is a Russian ballet dancer, a winner of 'Soul of Dance' award (Russian 'Ballet' magazine, 2013), who performs as a soloist with the Mariinsky Ballet (formerly the Kirov Ballet). <SEP> <P1-S0> Vaslav Nijinsky (also Vatslav; Russian: Ва́цлав Фоми́ч Нижи́нский ; ] ; Polish: "Wacław Niżyński" ; 12 March 1889/18908 April 1950) was a Russian ballet dancer and choreographer of Polish descent, cited as the greatest male dancer of the early 20th century. <P1-S1>  He was celebrated for his virtuosity and for the depth and intensity of his characterizations. <P1-S2>  He could dance "en pointe", a rare skill among male dancers at the time and was admired for his seemingly gravity-defying leaps. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kyra Nijinsky (19 June 1913 – 1 September 1998), was a Russian ballet dancer, the daughter of Vaslav Nijinsky. <SEP> <P3-S0> Polina Alexandrovna Semionova (Russian: Полина Александровна Семионова ; born 13 September 1984) is a Russian ballet dancer who was previously a principal dancer and is currently principal dancer with the American Ballet Theatre in New York and with the Berlin State Ballet. <P3-S1>  She is a professor at the Berlin State Ballet School.
Question: In "Ghosts of Mississippi", Susanna Thompson stars alongside which famous female actress?

<P0-S0> Patrick Stettner is an American film director and writer. <P0-S1>  His first film, Flux, was released in 1996 as a short, and starred Allison Janney in an early role. <P0-S2>  He went on to direct and write the screenplay for "The Business of Strangers" in 2001, which earned him a Grand Jury Prize nomination at the Sundance Film Festival of that year and earned lead actress Stockard Channing an AFI nomination for Best Female Actress. <P0-S3>  In 2006, he then wrote and directed "The Night Listener", an adaptation of Armistead Maupin's eponymous semi-autobiographical 2000 novel, which landed less than stellar reviews from critics. <P0-S4>  He has not directed any films since "The Night Listener". <SEP> <P1-S0> Ghosts of Mississippi is a 1996 American biographical courtroom drama film directed by Rob Reiner and starring Alec Baldwin, Whoopi Goldberg, and James Woods. <P1-S1>  The plot is based on the true story of the 1994 trial of Byron De La Beckwith, the white supremacist accused of the 1963 assassination of civil rights activist Medgar Evers. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Ballad of Jack and Rose is a 2005 drama film written and directed by Rebecca Miller, and starring her husband Daniel Day-Lewis; it also stars Camilla Belle, Catherine Keener, Paul Dano, Ryan McDonald, Jason Lee, Jena Malone, Susanna Thompson and Beau Bridges. <P2-S1>  The film tells the story of an environmentalist and his teenage daughter who live on a secluded island commune. <P2-S2>  It was filmed in Rock Barra, Prince Edward Island, Canada and in New Milford, Connecticut. <SEP> <P3-S0> Susanna Thompson (born January 27, 1958) is an American actress. <P3-S1>  She is known for her roles in films "Little Giants" (1994), "Ghosts of Mississippi" (1996), "Random Hearts" (1999) and "Dragonfly" (2002), and as Karen Sammler on ABC drama series "Once and Again" (1999–2002). <P3-S2>  From 2012 to 2014, Thompson starred as Moira Queen as a regular cast member in the CW series "Arrow".
Question: In which country was the coach of ND Črnuče, during the mid 1900s, born?

<P0-S0> Emancipado (] ) was a term used for an African descended social-political demographic within the population of Spanish Guinea (modern day Equatorial Guinea) that existed in the early to mid 1900s. <P0-S1>  This segment of the native population had become assimilated into the former White society of Spanish Guinea which primarily existed along the coastline communities of the continental part of the country, as well as on the islands of Bioko and Annabon. <SEP> <P1-S0> Nogometno Društvo Črnuče, commonly referred to as ND Črnuče or simply Črnuče, is a Slovenian football club from the town of Črnuče, founded in 1971. <P1-S1>  Their golden years came in the mid-1990s, when they were managed by Slovenian football legend Branko Oblak, who came to Črnuče as manager in 1994. <P1-S2>  They have won the Slovenian Third League and finished in the third place in the 1995–96 Slovenian Second League, but then refused promotion. <P1-S3>  They merged with nearby NK Factor in 1997 and the team moved to Factor's home ground in Ježica. <P1-S4>  Črnuče then reestablished their own squad to play at domestic Črnuče Sports Park in lower divisions, but they never came higher than fourth level. <SEP> <P2-S0> Paul Niger (1915-1962), was a poet and political activist from Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe. <P2-S1>  He was born Albert Béville, but Niger's passion for Africa led him to take the pen name of the great African Niger River. <P2-S2>  His major theme was Africa and the pride that he felt in being a descendant of Africans. <P2-S3>  According to the Encyclopedia of Caribbean Literature, Niger completed secondary studies at the Lycée Carnot in the town of Pointe-à-Pitre. <P2-S4>  Later on, during World War II, he travelled to Paris to attend the École de la France d’Outre-mer, a school established to train colonial officers. <P2-S5>  Niger was a supporter of the Négritude, a black consciousness movement founded by Aimé Césaire, Léon-Gontran Damas, and Léopold Senghor (early to mid 1900’s). <SEP> <P3-S0> Branko Oblak (born 27 May 1947 in Ljubljana, PR Slovenia, FPR Yugoslavia) is a Slovenian football coach and former international player. <P3-S1>  He usually played as an attacking midfielder or deep-lying playmaker.
Question: Was the University of Alabama at Birmingham or The College of New Jersey established first?

<P0-S0> The 1911 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously "Alabama", "UA" or "Bama") represented the University of Alabama in the 1911 college football season. <P0-S1>  It was the Crimson Tide's 19th overall and 16th season as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA). <P0-S2>  The team was led by head coach D. V. Graves, in his first year, and played their home games at the University of Alabama Quad in Tuscaloosa and the Birmingham Fairgrounds in Birmingham, Alabama. <P0-S3>  They finished the season with a record of five wins, two losses and two ties (5–2–2 overall, 2–2–2 in the SIAA). <SEP> <P1-S0> The University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) is a public research university in Birmingham in the U.S. state of Alabama. <P1-S1>  Developed from an academic extension center established in 1936, the institution became an autonomous institution in 1969 and is today one of three institutions in the University of Alabama System and the only R1 research institution in the state. <P1-S2>  In the fall of 2015, 19,656 students from more than 110 countries were enrolled at UAB pursuing studies in 140 programs of study in 12 academic divisions leading to bachelor's, master's, doctoral, and professional degrees in the social and behavioral sciences, the liberal arts, business, education, engineering, and health-related fields such as medicine, dentistry, optometry, nursing, and public health. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 1910 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously "Alabama", "UA" or "Bama") represented the University of Alabama in the 1910 college football season. <P2-S1>  It was the Crimson Tide's 18th overall and 15th season as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA). <P2-S2>  The team was led by head coach Guy Lowman, in his first year, and played their home games at the University of Alabama Quad in Tuscaloosa and the Birmingham Fairgrounds in Birmingham, Alabama. <P2-S3>  They finished the season with a record of four wins and four losses (4–4 overall, 0–4 in the SIAA). <SEP> <P3-S0> The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) is a public, coeducational university in the Trenton suburb of Ewing Township, New Jersey, United States. <P3-S1>  TCNJ was established in 1855 by an act of the New Jersey Legislature. <P3-S2>  The institution was the first normal school in the state of New Jersey and the fifth in the United States. <P3-S3>  Originally located in Trenton proper, the college was moved to its present location in adjacent Ewing Township during the early to mid-1930s. <P3-S4>  Since its inception, TCNJ has undergone several name changes, the most recent being the 1996 change to its current name from Trenton State College.
Question: The work of the scientist credited with the discovery of what he called "chiasmatypie" was continued by what American scientist? 

<P0-S0> Frans Alfons Janssens (Sint-Niklaas 23 July 1865 - Wichelen, 8 October 1924). <P0-S1>  Ordained as a priest in 1886, he obtained a PhD in Natural Science with the highest honors and a scholarship to attend the most prestigious foreign laboratories. <P0-S2>  He worked with Professor Kjeldahl at the Hansen Institute Carlsberg Brewery in Copenhagen and was a teacher at the St. Lawrence Brewery School in Ghent. <P0-S3>  In 1896, he became a professor at the Faculty of Sciences for the Catholic University of Leuven, as a chair in microscopy and later in cytology, succeeding Jean-Baptiste Carnoy in the chair. <P0-S4>  He is the discoverer of the crossing-over of genes during meiosis, which he called 'chiasmatypie'. <P0-S5>  His work was continued by the Nobel Prize winner Thomas Hunt Morgan to develop the theory of genetic linkage. <SEP> <P1-S0> Thomas Hunt Morgan (September 25, 1866 – December 4, 1945) was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist, embryologist, and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries elucidating the role that the chromosome plays in heredity. <SEP> <P2-S0> Paul Kaznelson (1898–1959) was a Polish-born Czech scientist credited with describing the first case of pure red cell aplasia. <P2-S1>  He is also known for his contribution to the discovery of the therapeutic role of splenectomy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Global Open Access List (GOAL), until January 2012 the American Scientist Open Access Forum, is the longest-standing online discussion forum on Open Access (free online access to peer-reviewed research). <P3-S1>  It was created by the American Scientist, which is published by Sigma Xi, in September 1998, before the term "Open Access" (OA) was coined, and it was originally called the "September98-Forum." <P3-S2>  Its first focus was an article published in American Scientist in which Thomas J Walker of the University of Florida proposed that journals should furnish free online access out of the fees authors pay them to purchase reprints. <P3-S3>  Stevan Harnad, who had in 1994 made the Subversive Proposal that all researchers should self archive their peer-reviewed research, was invited to moderate the forum, which was not expected to last more than a few months. <P3-S4>  It continued to grow in size and influence across the years and is still the site where most of the main developments in OA are first mooted, including self-archiving, institutional repositories, citation impact, research performance metrics, publishing reform, copyright reform, open access journals, and open access mandates.
Question: Who played more instruments, Glenn Frey or Will.i.am?

<P0-S0> Christiaan "Chris" Mostert is a Dutch saxophonist who has played with the Eagles during their "Farewell 1 Tour" in 2005. <P0-S1>  He is part of the horns the Mighty Horns . <P0-S2>  Besides his work with the Eagles, Mostert has also played on solo tours of Don Henley, Joe Walsh and Glenn Frey, and been he also been a member of the bands, Goose Creek Symphony, Pollution, Sylvester and the Hot Band . <P0-S3>  He also performed on three solo albums by Glenn Frey, "Soul Searchin'", "Strange Weather" and "After Hours". <P0-S4>  He also worked on the last studio album by the Eagles "Long Road Out of Eden". <SEP> <P1-S0> Glenn Lewis Frey ( ; November 6, 1948 – January 18, 2016) was an American singer, songwriter and actor, best known as a founding member of the rock band Eagles. <P1-S1>  Frey was the lead singer and frontman for the Eagles, roles he came to share with fellow member Don Henley, with whom he wrote most of the Eagles' material. <P1-S2>  Frey played guitar and keyboards as well as singing lead vocals on songs such as "Take It Easy", "Peaceful Easy Feeling", "Tequila Sunrise", "Already Gone", "Lyin' Eyes", "New Kid in Town", and "Heartache Tonight". <SEP> <P2-S0> "New Kid in Town" is a song by the Eagles from their 1976 studio album "Hotel California". <P2-S1>  It was written by Don Henley, Glenn Frey and J.D. Souther. <P2-S2>  Released as the first single from the album, the song became a number-one hit in the US, and number 20 in the UK. <P2-S3>  The single version has an earlier fade-out than the album version. <P2-S4>  The song features Glenn Frey singing the lead vocals, with Don Henley singing main harmony vocals. <P2-S5>  Randy Meisner plays the guitarrón mexicano, Don Felder plays electric guitars, and Joe Walsh plays the electric piano and organ parts. <P2-S6>  The song won the Grammy Award for Best Vocal Arrangement for Two or More Voices. <SEP> <P3-S0> William James Adams (born March 15, 1975), better known by his stage name will.i.am (pronounced "will-i-am"), is an American musician, rapper, singer, songwriter, DJ, record producer, entrepreneur, actor, and philanthropist. <P3-S1>  He is best known as a founding member of the hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas (often abbreviated as "BEP").
Question: In 2014 what was the estimated financial endowment of the college that Sir Peter Frederick Strawson had taught at from 1968 to 1987?

<P0-S0> St John's College is a constituent college of the University of Oxford. <P0-S1>  Founded in 1555 by the merchant Sir Thomas White, intended to provide a source of educated Roman Catholic clerics to support the Counter-Reformation under Queen Mary. <P0-S2>  St John's is the wealthiest college in Oxford, with a financial endowment of £442.2 million as of 2015, largely due to nineteenth century suburban development of land in the city of Oxford of which it is the ground landlord. <SEP> <P1-S0> Galen John Strawson (born 1952) is a British analytic philosopher and literary critic who works primarily on philosophy of mind, metaphysics (including free will, panpsychism, the mind-body problem, and the self), John Locke, David Hume, Immanuel Kant and Friedrich Nietzsche. <P1-S1>  He has been a consultant editor at "The Times Literary Supplement" for many years, and a regular book reviewer for "The Observer", "The Sunday Times", "The Independent", the "Financial Times" and "The Guardian". <P1-S2>  He is the son of philosopher P. F. Strawson. <P1-S3>  He currently holds a Chair in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Texas, Austin, and taught for many years prior to that at the University of Reading, City University of New York, and Oxford University. <SEP> <P2-S0> Magdalen College ( ) is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford. <P2-S1>  s of 2014 , the college had an estimated financial endowment of £180.8 million. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sir Peter Frederick Strawson FBA ( ; 23 November 1919 – 13 February 2006), usually cited as P. F. Strawson, was an English philosopher. <P3-S1>  He was the Waynflete Professor of Metaphysical Philosophy at the University of Oxford (Magdalen College) from 1968 to 1987. <P3-S2>  Before that, he was appointed as a college lecturer at University College, Oxford, in 1947, and became a tutorial fellow the following year, until 1968. <P3-S3>  On his retirement in 1987, he returned to the college and continued working there until shortly before his death. <P3-S4>  His portrait was painted by the artists Muli Tang and Daphne Todd.
Question: Who did an actress in Before I Sleep play in the Harry Potter film sereis?

<P0-S0> Eat Sleep Play, Inc. was an American video game developer, formed by Scott Campbell and David Jaffe, director of the Twisted Metal series and "God of War". <P0-S1>  Eat Sleep Play entered into an exclusive platform deal with Sony requiring the completion of either three console/handheld games or three years of development time, with plans to release its first original game in 2010. <P0-S2>  The first game released by Eat Sleep Play was a port of the PSP game "" that was retitled as "Twisted Metal Head-On: Extra Twisted Edition" for PlayStation 2 and was not one of the three game console exclusive deal. <SEP> <P1-S0> Katie Liu Leung (born 8 August 1987) is a Scottish film, television, and stage actress. <P1-S1>  She played Cho Chang, the first love interest for lead character Harry Potter in the Harry Potter film series. <P1-S2>  In 2012, Leung made her stage debut in the play "Wild Swans". <P1-S3>  Leung has an interest in painting and photography and studied art and design at the University of the Arts, London. <SEP> <P2-S0> Before I Sleep is a 2013 American drama film co-directed, written and produced by Aaron Sharff and Billy Sharff. <P2-S1>  The film features David Warner, Tom Sizemore, Bonnie Wright, Cynthia Gibb, Eric Roberts, Eugene Simon, Campbell Scott and Chevy Chase. <P2-S2>  It was formerly titled "Shakespeare's Daughter". <SEP> <P3-S0> Bonnie Francesca Wright (born 17 February 1991) is a British actress, film director and model. <P3-S1>  She is best known for playing the role of Ginny Weasley in the "Harry Potter" film series, based on the "Harry Potter" novel series by British author J. K. Rowling.
Question: Did Jeffrey Steele and Frank Iero both become Nashville songwriters?

<P0-S0> Boy Howdy was an American country music band. <P0-S1>  It was founded in 1990 in Los Angeles, California, United States by Jeffrey Steele (lead vocals, bass guitar), Hugh Wright (drums), and brothers Cary (guitar, mandolin, vocals) and Larry Park (guitar, fiddle, vocals). <P0-S2>  Between 1992 and 1995, the band recorded two albums (1992's "Welcome to Howdywood" and 1995's "Born That Way") and an extended play (1994's "She'd Give Anything"), all on the Curb Records label. <P0-S3>  In that same time span, Boy Howdy charted seven singles on the "Billboard" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts, including the Top Ten hits "She'd Give Anything" and "They Don't Make 'Em Like That Anymore." <P0-S4>  After Boy Howdy disbanded in 1996, frontman Jeffrey Steele embarked on a solo career, recording several solo albums, in addition to writing more than sixty hit singles for other country acts. <SEP> <P1-S0> Jeffrey LeVasseur (born August 27, 1961) is an American country music singer and songwriter, more commonly known by the name Jeffrey Steele. <P1-S1>  Along with recording his own material, Steele has become a prolific Nashville songwriter, having co-written more than sixty hit songs for such artists as Montgomery Gentry, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, LeAnn Rimes, Rascal Flatts, Billy Ray Cyrus, and others. <SEP> <P2-S0> James Fron "Sonny" Throckmorton (born April 2, 1941 in Carlsbad, New Mexico) is an American country music singer and songwriter. <P2-S1>  Known primarily for his songwriting, Throckmorton has had more than 1,000 of his songs recorded by various country singers. <P2-S2>  He has also had minor success as a recording artist, having released two major-label albums: "The Last Cheater's Waltz" in 1978 on Mercury Records and "Southern Train" in 1986 on Warner Bros. <P2-S3>  Records. <P2-S4>  Throckmorton is a member of the Nashville Songwriters' Hall of Fame, and has been awarded Songwriter of the Year by both Broadcast Music Incorporated and the Nashville Songwriters Association International. <SEP> <P3-S0> Frank Anthony Iero, Jr. (born October 31, 1981) is an American musician who was the rhythm guitarist and backup vocalist of the rock band My Chemical Romance and post-hardcore band Leathermouth. <P3-S1>  He has a solo punk rock project titled Frank Iero and the Patience. <P3-S2>  He released an album under the previous name of frnkiero andthe cellabration titled "Stomachaches" which was released on August 26, 2014. <P3-S3>  The first single off the album, called "Weighted", premiered on BBC Radio One on July 8, 2014.
Question: The common stored value ticket was replaced by a contactless smart card that lead to the development of what in London?

<P0-S0> The Octopus card () is a reusable contactless stored value smart card for making electronic payments in online or offline systems in Hong Kong. <P0-S1>  Launched in September 1997 to collect fares for the territory's mass transit system, the Octopus card system is the second contactless smart card system in the world, after the Korean Upass, and has since grown into a widely used payment system for all public transport in Hong Kong, leading to the development of Oyster Card in London. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Breeze Card is a stored value smart card that passengers use as part of an automated fare collection system which the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) introduced to the general public in early October 2006. <P1-S1>  The card automatically debits the cost of the passenger’s ride when placed on or near the Breeze Target at the fare gate. <P1-S2>  Transit riders are able to add value or time-based passes to the card at Breeze Vending Machines (BVM) located at all MARTA stations. <P1-S3>  The major phases of MARTA's Breeze transformation took place before July 1, 2007 when customers were still able to purchase TransCards from ridestores or their employers. <P1-S4>  They were also able to obtain paper transfers from bus drivers to access the train. <P1-S5>  As of July 1, 2007 the TransCard and the paper transfers were discontinued and patrons now use a Breeze Card or ticket to access the system (except for single bus rides, which can still be paid for in exact change), and all transfers are loaded on the card. <P1-S6>  Breeze Vending Machines (BVM) distribute regional transit provider passes (providing that the requested system has completed their transformation to the Universal Breeze AFC.) <P1-S7>  The Breeze Card employs passive RFID technology currently in use in many transit systems around the world. <SEP> <P2-S0> The ORCA ("One Regional Card for All") card is a contactless, stored value smart card used for payment of public transport fares in the Puget Sound region of Washington state, United States. <P2-S1>  ORCA was introduced on a limited basis on April 20, 2009, with a full public launch in June 2009. <P2-S2>  As of March 2016, an adult ORCA card costs $5, one of the highest prices for a public transportation smart card in the United States. <SEP> <P3-S0> A common stored value ticket was a plastic magnetically sensitive card used for paying fares on the MTR and KCR railway systems in Hong Kong from 1984 to 1999. <P3-S1>  It was also used on Citybus and Kowloon Motor Bus for some MTR and KCR feeder bus services. <P3-S2>  The system was replaced by the Octopus card system in 1997 and phased out on 2 January 1999. <P3-S3>  The MTR and KCR have continued to issue magnetic strip cards for single-journey and souvenir tickets.
Question: What band band comprised vocalist/rhythm guitarist Paul Draper, bassist Stove King, lead guitarist/backing vocalist Dominic Chad, and drummer Andie Rathbone, Saint Asonia or Mansun? 

<P0-S0> Mansun were an English alternative rock band formed in Chester in 1995. <P0-S1>  The band comprised vocalist/rhythm guitarist Paul Draper, bassist Stove King, lead guitarist/backing vocalist Dominic Chad, and drummer Andie Rathbone. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sum 41 is a Canadian rock band from Ajax, Ontario. <P1-S1>  Originally called Kaspir, the band formed in 1996 and currently consists of lead vocalist/rhythm guitarist/keyboardist Deryck Whibley, lead guitarist/backing vocalist Dave Baksh, rhythm/lead guitarist/keyboardist/backing vocalist Tom Thacker, bassist/backing vocalist Jason McCaslin and drummer Frank Zummo. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Negative" is a song by the English alternative rock band Mansun. <P2-S1>  The song was written by Paul Draper, Dominic Chad, Stove and Andie Rathbone. <P2-S2>  It was recorded and produced by Paul Draper and Mark 'Spike' Stent during sessions for the group's second studio album. <P2-S3>  The song was released as the third single in 1998 from the group's second album, "Six". <P2-S4>  Despite being one of the album's more traditional songs the single peaked low at #27 on the UK Singles Chart, breaking the group's run of seven consecutive top twenty singles. <SEP> <P3-S0> Saint Asonia (stylized as SΔINT ΔSONIΔ) is a Canadian-American rock supergroup originally consisting of former Three Days Grace frontman Adam Gontier (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Mike Mushok from Staind (lead guitar), Corey Lowery from Dark New Day, Eye Empire, Switched, Sevendust, Stereomud and Stuck Mojo (bass, backing vocals), and Rich Beddoe from Finger Eleven (drums). <P3-S1>  In 2017, Beddoe left the band and was replaced by Mushok's Staind bandmate Sal Giancarelli. <P3-S2>  Formed in Toronto, Ontario, Canada in 2015 after Gontier's departure from Three Days Grace, they released their debut studio album "Saint Asonia" on July 31, 2015.
Question: Which Fictional character was portrayed by an English actor who made his screen debut as anwar kharral in the first two seasons of the British teen drama television series "Skins"?

<P0-S0> Mike Bailey (born April 6, 1988) is an English actor and singer from Bristol, best known for playing the role of Sid Jenkins in the first two series of the British teen drama "Skins". <SEP> <P1-S0> James Cook, known as Cook or Cookie an The Cookie Monster, to his friends, is a fictional character in the British teen drama "Skins". <P1-S1>  He is portrayed by Jack O'Connell. <P1-S2>  In the third series his true emotions are explored and it is revealed that his womanising violent lifestyle is in fact a smoke screen to cover up his real emotions. <P1-S3>  His actions often cause trouble and create havoc, affecting those around him. <P1-S4>  However, in the fourth series he begins to change his ways after a conversation with his solicitor and when he begins to realise the consequences of his actions, most notably witnessing his younger brother beginning to follow in his footsteps. <P1-S5>  His life is then taken in a wholly other direction when he investigates the disappearance of his best friend in series four's final episodes. <SEP> <P2-S0> Dev Patel (born 23 April 1990) is an English actor. <P2-S1>  Born and raised in London to Indian parents, Patel made his screen debut as Anwar Kharral in the first two seasons of the British teen drama television series "Skins" (2007–2008), landing the role with no prior professional acting experience. <P2-S2>  His breakthrough came in 2008 with the leading role of Jamal Malik in Danny Boyle's drama "Slumdog Millionaire", which won the Academy Award for Best Picture, and for which he was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor and the SAG Award for Best Supporting Actor. <SEP> <P3-S0> Prince Zuko (祖寇 , Zǔ Kòu ) is a fictional character in Nickelodeon's animated television series "". <P3-S1>  Created by Michael Dante DiMartino and Bryan Konietzko, the character is voiced by Dante Basco and is portrayed by Dev Patel in M. Night Shyamalan's 2010 film "The Last Airbender".
Question: What band released its sixth studio album in 2010 and had a member who was also a member of Velvet Revolver?

<P0-S0> "Cinnamon" is a song by American rock band Stone Temple Pilots. <P0-S1>  "Cinnamon" is the sixth track off the band's sixth studio album, "Stone Temple Pilots", released in 2010. <P0-S2>  The song was the album's third single, after "Take a Load Off". <P0-S3>  Two music videos were filmed for "Cinnamon," however neither one was officially released but can be viewed on YouTube. <P0-S4>  This was also the band's final single with Scott Weiland before he was fired and subsequently replaced with Linkin Park lead vocalist Chester Bennington. <SEP> <P1-S0> Levolution is the second studio album by Australian rock band Juke Kartel, and the first American released album. <P1-S1>  Levolution was released to the Australian public through Carved Records on 20 August 2010, and later released to the United States on 28 September 2010. <P1-S2>  Produced by Brian Virtue (Jane's Addiction, Velvet Revolver, Thirty Seconds to Mars, Chevelle) and Rick Parashar (Pearl Jam, Alice in Chains, 3 Doors Down, Nickelback), the album features a half-dozen freshly penned tracks and six from the band's 2009 Australian CD, Nowhere Left to Hide, remixed by Dan Korneff (My Chemical Romance, Cavo). <P1-S3>  With its overarching theme of personal growth and "the journey we’re all on", says vocalist/lyricist Toby Rand, Levolution finds musical parity in its strong hooks, multi-textured instrumentals and passionate vocals. <SEP> <P2-S0> Scott Richard Weiland ( ; born Scott Richard Kline; October 27, 1967 – December 3, 2015) was an American musician, singer and songwriter. <P2-S1>  During a career spanning three decades, Weiland was best known as the lead singer of the band Stone Temple Pilots from 1989 to 2002 and 2008 to 2013. <P2-S2>  He was also a member of supergroup Velvet Revolver from 2003 to 2008 and recorded one album with another supergroup, Art of Anarchy. <P2-S3>  He established himself as a solo artist as well, releasing three studio albums, two cover albums, and collaborations with several other musicians throughout his career. <SEP> <P3-S0> Matthew William "Matt" Sorum (born November 19, 1960) is an American drummer and percussionist. <P3-S1>  He is best known as both a former member of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he recorded three studio albums, and as a member of the supergroup Velvet Revolver. <P3-S2>  Sorum is currently a member of the touring project, Kings of Chaos, and is a former member of both The Cult and Y Kant Tori Read. <P3-S3>  Sorum was also a member of Guns N' Roses side-projects, Slash's Snakepit and Neurotic Outsiders, and released a solo album, "Hollywood Zen", in 2004.