Question: Who wrote the preamble to the Constitution of the country that owns the group that is in charge of American monetary policy?

<P0-S0> The Preamble was placed in the Constitution during the last days of the Constitutional Convention by the Committee on Style, which wrote its final draft, with Gouverneur Morris leading the effort. <P0-S1> It was not proposed or discussed on the floor of the convention beforehand. <P0-S2> The initial wording of the preamble did not refer to the people of the United States, rather, it referred to people of the various states, which was the norm. <P0-S3> In earlier documents, including the 1778 Treaty of Alliance with France, the Articles of Confederation, and the 1783 Treaty of Paris recognizing American independence, the word ``people ''was not used, and the phrase the United States was followed immediately by a listing of the states, from north to south. <P0-S4> The change was made out of necessity, as the Constitution provided that whenever the popularly elected ratifying conventions of nine states gave their approval, it would go into effect for those nine, irrespective of whether any of the remaining states ratified. <SEP> <P1-S0> Monetary policy concerns the actions of a central bank or other regulatory authorities that determine the size and rate of growth of the money supply. <P1-S1> For example, in the United States, the Federal Reserve is in charge of monetary policy, and implements it primarily by performing operations that influence short - term interest rates. <SEP> <P2-S0> the reaction to the encyclical's continued prohibitions of artificial birth control was very mixed. <P2-S1> in italy, spain, portugal and poland, the encyclical was welcomed. <P2-S2> in latin america, much support developed for the pope and his encyclical. <P2-S3> as world bank president robert mcnamara declared at the 1968 annual meeting of the international monetary fund and the world bank group that countries permitting birth control practices would get preferential access to resources, doctors in la paz, bolivia called it insulting that money should be exchanged for the conscience of a catholic nation. <P2-S4> in colombia, cardinal archbishop aníbal muñoz duque declared, if american conditionality undermines papal teachings, we prefer not to receive one cent. <P2-S5> the senate of bolivia passed a resolution stating that humanae vitae could be discussed in its implications for individual consciences, but was of greatest significance because the papal document defended the rights of developing nations to determine their own population policies. <P2-S6> the jesuit journal sic dedicated one edition to the encyclical with supportive contributions. <SEP> <P3-S0> as was the custom, congress appointed a committee to draft a preamble to explain the purpose of the resolution. <P3-S1> john adams wrote the preamble, which stated that because king george had rejected reconciliation and was hiring foreign mercenaries to use against the colonies, ``it is necessary that the exercise of every kind of authority under the said crown should be totally suppressed ''. <P3-S2> adams's preamble was meant to encourage the overthrow of the governments of pennsylvania and maryland, which were still under proprietary governance. <P3-S3> congress passed the preamble on may 15 after several days of debate, but four of the middle colonies voted against it, and the maryland delegation walked out in protest. <P3-S4> adams regarded his may 15 preamble effectively as an american declaration of independence, although a formal declaration would still have to be made. <SEP> <P4-S0> The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States of America. <P4-S1> It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics (particularly the panic of 1907) led to the desire for central control of the monetary system in order to alleviate financial crises. <P4-S2> Over the years, events such as the Great Depression in the 1930s and the Great Recession during the 2000s have led to the expansion of the roles and responsibilities of the Federal Reserve System.