winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What year was the film released that features a United States Navy "Iowa"-class battleship?

<P0-S0> Under Siege is a 1992 American action-thriller film directed by Andrew Davis and written by J.F. Lawton. <P0-S1>  It stars Steven Seagal as an ex-Navy SEAL who must stop a group of mercenaries, led by Tommy Lee Jones and Gary Busey, on the U.S. Navy battleship USS "Missouri". <P0-S2>  It is Seagal's most successful film in critical and financial terms, including two Academy Award nominations for sound production. <P0-S3>  The musical score was composed by Gary Chang. <P0-S4>  It was followed by a 1995 sequel, "". <SEP> <P1-S0> The 14"/45 caliber gun, (spoken "fourteen-inch-forty-five-caliber"), whose variations were known initially as the Mark 1, 2, 3, and 5, and later as the Mark 8, 9, 10, and 12, were the first 14 in guns to be employed with the United States Navy, and were for over a year the most powerful naval ordnance afloat. <P1-S1>  They were installed aboard the United States Navy's "New York"-class , "Nevada"-class , and "Pennsylvania"-class battleship s as the primary armament for each battleship in the class. <P1-S2>  The gun also saw service in the British Royal Navy, where it was designated the BL 14 inch gun Mk II. <SEP> <P2-S0> USS "Missouri" (BB-63) ("Mighty Mo" or "Big Mo") is a United States Navy "Iowa"-class battleship and was the third ship of the U.S. Navy to be named after the U.S. state of Missouri. <P2-S1>  "Missouri" was the last battleship commissioned by the United States and is best remembered as the site of the surrender of the Empire of Japan which ended World War II. <SEP> <P3-S0> USS "Nevada" (BB-36), the second United States Navy ship to be named after the 36th state, was the lead ship of the two "Nevada"-class battleship s. Launched in 1914, "Nevada" was a leap forward in dreadnought technology; four of her new features would be included on almost every subsequent US battleship: triple gun turrets, oil in place of coal for fuel, geared steam turbines for greater range, and the "all or nothing" armor principle. <P3-S1>  These features made "Nevada", alongside its sister ship "Oklahoma" , the first US Navy "super-dreadnoughts".
Question: Who wrote the screenplay for a 1959 American Southern Gothic Mystery in which English stage designer, Oliver Messel did the production design?

<P0-S0> Suddenly, Last Summer is a 1959 American Southern Gothic mystery film based on the play of the same title by Tennessee Williams. <P0-S1>  The film was directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and produced by Sam Spiegel from a screenplay by Gore Vidal with cinematography by Jack Hildyard and production design by Oliver Messel. <P0-S2>  The musical score was composed by Buxton Orr using themes by Malcolm Arnold. <SEP> <P1-S0> Oliver Hilary Sambourne Messel (13 January 1904 – 13 July 1978) was an English artist and one of the foremost stage designers of the 20th century. <SEP> <P2-S0> M.Nurullah Tuncer was born in Van, Turkey (1959). <P2-S1>  He graduated from Mimar Sinan University, Faculty of Fine Arts, Department of Stage and Costume Design with his B.A. and Masters degrees. <P2-S2>  He then worked as an academic for Mimar Sinan University, Department of stage and visual arts from 1985 till 2002. <P2-S3>  He has been an artist of Istanbul Municipality City Theatres since 1985 as well. <P2-S4>  He has contributed more than a hundred plays within the company as a stage designer, costume designer and lighting designer. <P2-S5>  He paints oil paintings since 1987 and has exhibited twice in Istanbul in 1990 and 1996. <SEP> <P3-S0> Killer Joe is a 2011 American Southern Gothic black comedy crime film directed by William Friedkin. <P3-S1>  The screenplay by Tracy Letts is based on his 1993 play of the same name. <P3-S2>  The film stars Matthew McConaughey in the title role, Emile Hirsch, Juno Temple, Gina Gershon, and Thomas Haden Church. <P3-S3>  Friedkin and Letts had similarly collaborated on the 2006 film "Bug".
Question: What former Italian footballer is the manager of the Milan team which claimed its first league title for five seasons

<P0-S0> Associazione Calcio Milan managed to claim its first league title for five seasons, following an impressive display of offensive and defensive skills. <P0-S1>  Arguably, this was at the pinnacle of Carlo Ancelotti's Milan helm, since the side proved it had the ability to last for the whole season. <SEP> <P1-S0> The period from 1986, when Alex Ferguson was appointed as Manchester United manager, to 2013, when he announced his retirement from football, was one of the most successful in the club's history. <P1-S1>  Ferguson joined the club from Aberdeen on the same day that Ron Atkinson was dismissed, and guided the club to a 12th-place finish in the league. <P1-S2>  Despite a second-place finish in 1987–88, the club was back in 11th place the following season. <P1-S3>  Reportedly on the verge of being dismissed, victory over Crystal Palace in the 1990 FA Cup Final replay (after a 3–3 draw) saved Ferguson's career. <P1-S4>  The following season, Manchester United claimed their first Cup Winners' Cup title and competed in the 1991 European Super Cup, beating European Cup holders Red Star Belgrade 1–0 in the final at Old Trafford. <P1-S5>  A second consecutive League Cup final appearance followed in 1992, in which the team beat Nottingham Forest 1–0 at Wembley Stadium. <P1-S6>  In 1993, the club won its first league title since 1967, and a year later, for the first time since 1957, it won a second consecutive title – alongside the FA Cup – to complete the first "Double" in the club's history. <SEP> <P2-S0> Carlo Ancelotti (] ; born 10 June 1959) is an Italian former footballer and current football manager. <P2-S1>  He last was manager of German club Bayern Munich. <P2-S2>  Ancelotti is the only manager to have won the UEFA Champions League three times and reached four finals (three finals and two victories with Milan, and one victory with Real Madrid). <P2-S3>  He also won the FIFA Club World Cup twice, managing Milan and Real Madrid. <P2-S4>  Ancelotti is regarded as one of the best and most successful managers of all time. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mario Bertini (born 7 January 1944) is a former Italian footballer defender and midfielder. <P3-S1>  Throughout his career Bertini played for Italian clubs Empoli, Fiorentina, Inter Milan, Prato, and Rimini; he spent nine seasons with Inter, winning a Serie A title in 1971. <P3-S2>  At international level, he represented the Italy national football team on 25 occasions between 1966 and 1972, scoring twice, and was a member of the team that reached the 1970 FIFA World Cup Final.
Question: Which university has more students enrolled, Saint Louis University or the University of Missouri System?

<P0-S0> Saint Louis University School of Medicine (SLUSOM) is a private, American Medical School within Saint Louis University. <P0-S1>  Located in the city of St. Louis, Missouri, Saint Louis University School of Medicine was established in 1836 and has the distinction of awarding the first M.D. degree west of the Mississippi River. <SEP> <P1-S0> The University of Missouri System is a state university system providing centralized administration for four universities, a health care system, an extension program, and ten research and technology parks. <P1-S1>  Nearly 70,000 students are currently enrolled at its four campuses. <P1-S2>  The health care system operates several hospitals and clinics in central Missouri, while the extension program provides distance learning and other educational initiatives statewide. <SEP> <P2-S0> Saint Louis University (SLU, ) is a private Roman Catholic four-year research university with campuses in St. Louis, Missouri, United States and Madrid, Spain. <P2-S1>  Founded in 1818 by the Most Reverend Louis Guillaume Valentin Dubourg, It is the oldest university west of the Mississippi River and the second-oldest Jesuit university in the United States. <P2-S2>  It is one of 28 member institutions of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities. <P2-S3>  The university is accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. <P2-S4>  SLU's athletic teams compete in NCAA's Division I and are a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference. <P2-S5>  It has an enrollment of 13,505 students, including 8,687 undergraduate students and 4,818 graduate students that represents all 50 states and more than 70 foreign countries. <P2-S6>  Its average class size is 23.8 and the student-faculty ratio is 12:1. <SEP> <P3-S0> Saint Louis University School of Law, also known as SLU LAW, is a private American law school located in St. Louis, Missouri. <P3-S1>  It is one of the professional graduate schools of Saint Louis University. <P3-S2>  Opened in 1843, it is the first law school west of the Mississippi River. <P3-S3>  The school has been ABA approved since 1924 and is a member of the Association of American Law Schools. <P3-S4>  Housed in Scott Hall, the law school has the highest enrollment of law students in Missouri . <P3-S5>  It offers both full- and part-time programs. <P3-S6>  The school is also home to Saint Louis University's Vincent C. Immel Law Library, which is one of the largest law libraries in the state of Missouri. <P3-S7>  Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas studied for his bar exam at the old Omer Poos Law Library on the main SLU campus.
Question: Tanedra Howard, who played Simone Bethson in the 2009 American horror film "Saw VI", was the winner of which reality show?

<P0-S0> Saw VI is a 2009 American horror film directed by Kevin Greutert from a screenplay written by Patrick Melton and Marcus Dunstan. <P0-S1>  It is the sixth installment in the "Saw" franchise and stars Tobin Bell, Costas Mandylor, Betsy Russell, Mark Rolston, Peter Outerbridge, and Shawnee Smith. <P0-S2>  It was produced by Mark Burg and Oren Koules of Twisted Pictures and distributed by Lionsgate. <SEP> <P1-S0> Tanedra Howard (born August 15, 1980) is an American actress. <P1-S1>  She is best known for winning the reality show "Scream Queens" and playing Simone Bethson in "Saw VI" and "Saw 3D". <SEP> <P2-S0> Marcus Dunstan (born April 14, 1978) is an American screenplay writer and director who, along with Patrick Melton, wrote screenplay for the film "Feast", which was the winner of Season Three of the filmmaking competition reality TV series "Project Greenlight". <P2-S1>  Dunstan has since written the screenplays for "Feast", "", "", "The Collector", "Saw IV", "Saw V", "Saw VI", and "Saw 3D", and in some cases, making cameo appearances in those films as well. <SEP> <P3-S0> Scream Queens is an American reality series on VH1 produced by Joke Productions and Lionsgate Television that premiered in October 2008. <P3-S1>  The show chronicles a group of unknown actresses competing for a role in a Lionsgate horror film. <P3-S2>  Tanedra Howard won the first season and gained a role in "Saw VI". <P3-S3>  The second season began airing on August 2, 2010 and the winner, Gabby West, won a role in "Saw 3D".
Question: Which plant is found in more southern regions of the world, Dendrocalamus or Chamaedaphne

<P0-S0> Dendrocalamus is a tropical Asian genus of giant clumping bamboos in the grass family. <P0-S1>  It is found in the Indian subcontinent, China, and Southeast Asia. <SEP> <P1-S0> Xanthosia rotundifolia is a species of the plant family Mackinlayaceae, but sometimes also placed in Araliaceae or Apiaceae. <P1-S1>  The informal name of this species, Southern Cross, is derived from the common name of the constellation Crux. <P1-S2>  The flowers, white in colour, symmetrical, and cruciform in outline, are reminiscent of the distinctive southern stars. <P1-S3>  Its habit is as a shrub between 0.35 m to 0.8 m in height. <P1-S4>  It only occurs in southern regions of Southwest Australia, in a variety of soils over granite or laterite. <P1-S5>  It was first described by de Candolle in 1829. <SEP> <P2-S0> Chamaedaphne calyculata, leatherleaf, is a shrub in the plant family Ericaceae and the only species in the genus Chamaedaphne. <P2-S1>  It has a wide distribution throughout the cool temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. <SEP> <P3-S0> Banksia violacea, commonly known as violet banksia, is a species of shrub or tree in the plant genus "Banksia" (family Proteaceae). <P3-S1>  It generally grows as a small shrub to 1.5 m (5 ft) high with fine narrow leaves, and is best known for its unusually coloured dark purple-violet inflorescences. <P3-S2>  The colour of the inflorescences, short leaves, and flattened follicles which are sticky when young, help identify this species from others in the field. <P3-S3>  It is found in low shrubland in southern regions of Western Australia from Esperance in the east to Narrogin in the west, growing exclusively in sandy soils.
Question: What was the name of the character played by an American white actor in the 2016 movie, "A Hologram for the King" that co-starred with an actor known for his various comedic and dramatic film roles, including "Splash" ?

<P0-S0> Thomas Jeffrey Hanks (born July 9, 1956) is an American actor and filmmaker. <P0-S1>  He is known for his various comedic and dramatic film roles, including "Splash" (1984), "Big" (1988), "Turner & Hooch" (1989), "A League of Their Own" (1992), "Sleepless in Seattle" (1993), "Philadelphia" (1993), "Forrest Gump" (1994), "Apollo 13" (1995), "Saving Private Ryan" (1998), "You've Got Mail" (1998), "The Green Mile" (1999), "Cast Away" (2000), "Road to Perdition" (2002), and "The Da Vinci Code" (2006), as well as for his voice work in the animated films "The Polar Express" (2004) and the "Toy Story" series. <SEP> <P1-S0> Lisle Astor Wilson (September 2, 1943 – March 14, 2010) was an American actor known for playing Leonard Taylor on the ABC sitcom "That's My Mama" which ran from 1974 to 1975. <P1-S1>  His film roles included appearances in Brian De Palma's horror film "Sisters" (1973) and "The Incredible Melting Man" (1977). <P1-S2>  He was also widely recognized for his guest appearances on television shows such as "Lou Grant", "The White Shadow", and "Falcon Crest", to name a few. <P1-S3>  Lisle was the Director of the American Academy of Dramatic Arts West in Pasadena, California for several years. <P1-S4>  After ending his regular acting career in 1992, Lisle went on to teach Vocal Techniques, to up and coming Broadcasters at the Academy of Radio and Television Broadcasting in Huntington Beach, California. <P1-S5>  His parents were Lisle Wilson, Sr. and Cecile (Ross) Wilson. <SEP> <P2-S0> Alexander James Black (born September 19, 1983) is an American actor, best known for co-starring alongside Tom Hanks in the 2016 movie, "A Hologram for the King." <P2-S1>  There was controversy in the casting of Alexander Black, an American white actor for the role of "Yousef", the local Arab driver. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sarita Catherine Louise Choudhury (born 18 August 1966) is an English actress, best known for her roles in the Mira Nair-directed feature films "Mississippi Masala" (1992), "The Perez Family" (1995) and "" (1996). <P3-S1>  In the late 1990s, Choudhury added to her repertoire with supporting roles in the thriller "A Perfect Murder", "3 A.M", and the John Cassavetes retread "Gloria". <P3-S2>  In 2002, she starred in "Just a Kiss". <P3-S3>  She played a lesbian virgin in Spike Lee's "She Hate Me" and acted as Anna Ran in "Lady in the Water", a 2006 thriller by M. Night Shyamalan. <P3-S4>  She also played Egeria in "" and co-starred with Tom Hanks in the 2016 film "A Hologram for the King".
Question: Hexham Bridge is a road bridge in England, that is the main access to the A69 road, which runs east-west across where?

<P0-S0> The A69 is a major northern trunk road in England, running east-west across the Pennines, through the counties of Tyne and Wear, Northumberland and Cumbria. <P0-S1>  Originally the road started in Blaydon, but since the creation of the A1 Western Bypass around Newcastle upon Tyne, it now starts at Denton Burn a suburb of Newcastle upon Tyne. <SEP> <P1-S0> Hexham Bridge is a road bridge in Northumberland, England linking Hexham with the North Tyne valley. <P1-S1>  It lies north of the town of Hexham and is the main access to the A69 bypass. <SEP> <P2-S0> Viaducto Miguel Alemán is a crosstown freeway, opened in September 1950, that runs east-west across central Mexico City. <P2-S1>  In the center of the road is a river encased in cement to control flooding. <P2-S2>  Metro Viaducto is named after this road. <SEP> <P3-S0> Quarff is a small village in the Shetland Islands in Scotland. <P3-S1>  It is located on the main A970 road, 5 mi south of Shetland's only town, Lerwick. <P3-S2>  The village is spread along a classic glacial valley that runs east-west across the island between high hills to north and south, with centres of population at Easter Quarff which is near the main road and the east coast, and Wester Quarff which is 1½ miles west and faces the Atlantic Ocean. <P3-S3>  A narrow road runs along the valley between the two.
Question: Who is older, Tanya Seghatchian or Alexis Ohanian?

<P0-S0> Alexis Kerry Ohanian, (born April 24, 1983) is an American Internet entrepreneur and investor, who is co-founder and executive chairman of the social news website Reddit. <P0-S1>  He also co-founded the early stage venture capital firm Initialized Capital, helped launch the travel search website Hipmunk, and started the social enterprise Breadpig. <P0-S2>  Ohanian is based in San Francisco, and was a partner at Y Combinator. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mister Splashy Pants, or Mr. Splashypants, is a humpback whale in the South Pacific Ocean. <P1-S1>  It is being tracked with a satellite tag by Greenpeace as a part of its Great Whale Trail Expedition, which was working to raise awareness about whales threatened by the Japanese Fisheries Agency's plan to hunt 50 humpback whales. <P1-S2>  The whale's name was chosen in an online poll that garnered attention from several websites, including Boing Boing and Reddit, quickly becoming an internet meme. <P1-S3>  Mister Splashy Pants became the subject of a TED Talk by Reddit co-founder Alexis Ohanian, titled "How to make a splash in social media." <SEP> <P2-S0> Abigail "Abi" Branning is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera "EastEnders", played by Lorna Fitzgerald. <P2-S1>  She was introduced by executive producer Kate Harwood on 3 July 2006 as an extension to the Branning family, along with father Max (Jake Wood), mother Tanya Branning (Jo Joyner) and older sister Lauren Branning (Madeline Duggan, later played by Jacqueline Jossa). <P2-S2>  In September 2017, it was announced that Fitzgerald and Jossa had been axed by creative director John Yorke, with Abi and Lauren set to depart at Christmas. <SEP> <P3-S0> Seghatchian attended Cambridge University and was a member of the Footlights. <P3-S1>  She became joint vice-president in 1989 with Henry Naylor as president.
Question: The wife of which king gave birth to a daughter who supposedly had an illegitimate child as a young girl?

<P0-S0> The Beauchamp–Sharp Tragedy (sometimes called the Kentucky Tragedy) was the murder of Kentucky legislator Solomon P. Sharp by Jereboam O. Beauchamp (bee-chum). <P0-S1>  As a young lawyer, Beauchamp had been an admirer of Sharp until Sharp allegedly fathered an illegitimate child with Anna Cooke, a planter's daughter. <P0-S2>  Sharp denied paternity of the stillborn child. <P0-S3>  Later, Beauchamp began a relationship with Cooke, who agreed to marry him on the condition that he kill Sharp to avenge her honor. <P0-S4>  Beauchamp and Cooke married in June 1824, and in the early morning of November 7, 1825, Beauchamp murdered Sharp at Sharp's home in Frankfort. <SEP> <P1-S0> Princess Sophia of the United Kingdom (Sophia Matilda; 3 November 1777 – 27 May 1848) was the 12th child and 5th daughter of King George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. <P1-S1>  Sophia is perhaps best known for the rumours surrounding a supposed illegitimate child to which she gave birth as a young woman. <SEP> <P2-S0> The House in Montevideo (German: Das Haus in Montevideo) is a 1945 German comedy play by Curt Goetz. <P2-S1>  A strait-laced father of twelve discovers that his long-lost sister, who had been cast out of the family for having a child out of wedlock, has made a career as an opera singer in Montevideo in Uruguay, and has now died, leaving some real estate to his eldest daughter, but the bulk of her considerable fortune to any female in her brothers household, who will undergo "a tragedy similar to hers", that is, give birth to an illegitimate child. <SEP> <P3-S0> Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (Sophia Charlotte; 19 May 1744 – 17 November 1818) was by marriage to King George III the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland from her wedding in 1761 until the union of the two kingdoms in 1801, after which she was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until her death in 1818. <P3-S1>  She was also the Electress of Hanover in the Holy Roman Empire until the promotion of her husband to King of Hanover on 12 October 1814, after which she was also queen consort of Hanover.
Question: "Could I Leave You?" was a song in Follies, a musical concering what?

<P0-S0> Our Gang Follies of 1938 (later reissued as simply "Follies of 1938") is a 1937 American musical short subject, the 161st short subject entry in Hal Roach's "Our Gang" ("Little Rascals") series. <P0-S1>  Directed by Gordon Douglas as a sequel to 1935's "Our Gang Follies of 1936", the two-reel short was released to theaters on December 18, 1937 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Could I Leave You?" <P1-S1>  is a song written by Stephen Sondheim for the 1971 musical "Follies" for the character Phyllis. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mark Todd Rodenhauser (born June 1, 1961 in Elmhurst, Illinois) is a former American football center who played 13 seasons in the National Football League with seven different teams. <P2-S1>  He played college football at Illinois State University. <P2-S2>  He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 1995 NFL Expansion Draft. <P2-S3>  Rodenhauser started his football career with the Chicago Bruisers of the Arena Football League. <P2-S4>  He also made an appearance in the popular series Football Follies, in the 21st Century Follies DVDs, where he could snap a football a full length of a basketball court. <SEP> <P3-S0> Follies is a musical with music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim and a book by James Goldman. <P3-S1>  The story concerns a reunion in a crumbling Broadway theatre, scheduled for demolition, of the past performers of the "Weismann's Follies", a musical revue (based on the "Ziegfeld Follies"), that played in that theatre between the World Wars. <P3-S2>  It focuses on two couples, Buddy and Sally Durant Plummer and Benjamin and Phyllis Rogers Stone, who are attending the reunion. <P3-S3>  Sally and Phyllis were showgirls in the Follies. <P3-S4>  Both couples are deeply unhappy with their marriages. <P3-S5>  Buddy, a traveling salesman, is having an affair with a girl on the road; Sally is still as much in love with Ben as she was years ago; and Ben is so self-absorbed that Phyllis feels emotionally abandoned. <P3-S6>  Several of the former showgirls perform their old numbers, sometimes accompanied by the ghosts of their former selves. <P3-S7>  The musical numbers in the show have been interpreted as pastiches of the styles of the leading Broadway composers of the 1920s ands '30s, and sometimes as parodies of specific songs.
Question: Who wrote, directed and starred in both Madea Boo! movies?

<P0-S0> David Anthony Mann (born August 7, 1966) is an American stage actor, gospel singer, and stand up-comedian who has starred in many Tyler Perry plays, including "I Can Do Bad All By Myself", "Madea's Family Reunion," "Madea's Class Reunion", "Meet the Browns", and "What's Done in the Dark". <P0-S1>  His character Mr. Brown is the father of Madea's daughter Cora (wife - Tamela Mann). <P0-S2>  Mann also reprised his role as "Mr. Brown" in the movies "Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns" and "Tyler Perry's Madea Goes to Jail". <SEP> <P1-S0> Michael Showalter (born June 17, 1970) is an American comedian, actor, producer, writer, and director. <P1-S1>  He is a member of the sketch comedy trio Stella. <P1-S2>  Showalter first came to recognition as a cast member on MTV's "The State", which aired from 1993 to 1995. <P1-S3>  He co-wrote (with David Wain) and starred in "Wet Hot American Summer" (2001) and he wrote, directed, and starred in "The Baxter" (2005), with Michelle Williams, Justin Theroux and Elizabeth Banks. <P1-S4>  Both of these movies featured many of his co-stars from "The State", and so do several of his other projects. <SEP> <P2-S0> Boo 2! <P2-S1>  A Madea Halloween is an upcoming American comedy horror film written, produced, directed by and starring Tyler Perry. <P2-S2>  It is the tenth film in the "Madea" series, the sequel to "Boo! <P2-S3>  A Madea Halloween" (2016) and the third "Madea" film (after "Madea's Witness Protection" and "Boo!") <P2-S4>  not adapted from the stage play. <P2-S5>  The film is scheduled to be released on October 20, 2017 by Lionsgate. <SEP> <P3-S0> Boo! <P3-S1>  A Madea Halloween is a 2016 American comedy horror film directed, written, starring and co-produced by Tyler Perry. <P3-S2>  The idea for the film originated from a fictitious Madea Halloween movie that was mentioned in Chris Rock's 2014 film "Top Five". <P3-S3>  It is the ninth in the "Madea" series, and it is the second "Madea" film (the first being "Madea's Witness Protection") to not be adapted from a stage play. <P3-S4>  The film was released on October 21, 2016 by Lionsgate, received generally negative reviews and grossed $74 million, making it the second-highest film of the "Madea" series. <P3-S5>  A sequel, titled "Boo 2! <P3-S6>  A Madea Halloween", is set to be released October 20, 2017.
Question: The Pinsky phenomenon is a result in a branch of mathematics named after who?

<P0-S0> In mathematics, Fourier analysis ( ) is the study of the way general functions may be represented or approximated by sums of simpler trigonometric functions. <P0-S1>  Fourier analysis grew from the study of Fourier series, and is named after Joseph Fourier, who showed that representing a function as a sum of trigonometric functions greatly simplifies the study of heat transfer. <SEP> <P1-S0> In applied mathematics, Arnold diffusion is the phenomenon of instability of integrable Hamiltonian systems. <P1-S1>  The phenomenon is named after Vladimir Arnold who was the first to publish a result in the field in 1964. <P1-S2>  More precisely, Arnold diffusion refers to results asserting the existence of solutions to nearly integrable Hamiltonian systems that exhibit a significant change in the action variables. <SEP> <P2-S0> Discrete mathematics is the study of mathematical structures that are fundamentally discrete rather than continuous. <P2-S1>  In contrast to real numbers that have the property of varying "smoothly", the objects studied in discrete mathematics – such as integers, graphs, and statements in logic – do not vary smoothly in this way, but have distinct, separated values. <P2-S2>  Discrete mathematics therefore excludes topics in "continuous mathematics" such as calculus and analysis. <P2-S3>  Discrete objects can often be enumerated by integers. <P2-S4>  More formally, discrete mathematics has been characterized as the branch of mathematics dealing with countable sets (sets that have the same cardinality as subsets of the natural numbers, including rational numbers but not real numbers). <P2-S5>  However, there is no exact definition of the term "discrete mathematics." <P2-S6>  Indeed, discrete mathematics is described less by what is included than by what is excluded: continuously varying quantities and related notions. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Pinsky phenomenon is a result in Fourier analysis, a branch of mathematics. <P3-S1>  This phenomenon was discovered by Mark Pinsky of Northwestern University. <P3-S2>  It involves the spherical inversion of the Fourier transform.
Question: What is the birth date of this American actor, film director, and political activist, who performed alongside Gervase Duan Spradlin?

<P0-S0> Jack Little (born John Leonard; May 30, 1899 – April 9, 1956), (Another source gives his birth date as May 28, 1902.) <P0-S1>  sometimes credited Little Jack Little, was a British-born American composer, singer, pianist, actor, and songwriter whose songs were featured in several movies. <P0-S2>  He is not to be confused with the burlesque comedian also known as "Little" Jack Little, who stood 4'5". <SEP> <P1-S0> The Search for Robert Johnson is a 1991 UK television documentary film about the Delta blues musician Robert Johnson, hosted by John Hammond, and produced and directed by Chris Hunt. <P1-S1>  In it, Hammond travels through the American Deep South to pursue topics such as Johnson's birth date, place and parents, his early musical development, performances and travels, romances, his mythic "pact with the devil," his untimely murder in his late twenties, the discovery of possible offspring, and the uncertainty over where Johnson is buried. <P1-S2>  Throughout, Johnson's music is both foreground and background, from recordings of Johnson and as performed on camera by Hammond, David Honeyboy Edwards, and Johnny Shines. <SEP> <P2-S0> Marlon Brando Jr. (April 3, 1924 – July 1, 2004) was an American actor, film director and political activist. <P2-S1>  He is widely credited with bringing realism to film acting. <P2-S2>  He helped to popularize the Stanislavski system of acting, studying with Stella Adler in the 1940s. <P2-S3>  Brando is widely known for his Academy Award-winning performances as Terry Malloy in "On the Waterfront" (1954) and Vito Corleone in "The Godfather" (1972), as well as his performances in "A Streetcar Named Desire" (1951), "Viva Zapata! <P2-S4> " (1952), "Julius Caesar" (1953), "The Wild One" (1953), "Guys and Dolls" (1955), "Sayonara" (1957), "Last Tango in Paris" (1972), and "Apocalypse Now" (1979). <P2-S5>  Brando was also an activist for many causes, notably the Civil Rights Movement and various Native American movements. <SEP> <P3-S0> Gervase Duan "G.D." Spradlin (August 31, 1920 – July 24, 2011) was an American actor. <P3-S1>  Known for his distinctive accent and voice, he often played devious authority figures. <P3-S2>  He is credited in over 70 television and film productions, and performed alongside actors including Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, Charlton Heston, George C. Scott, and Johnny Depp.
Question: Who both played in the funk band "Miles Long" and played a role in "The Cosby Show"

<P0-S0> Malcolm-Jamal Warner (born August 18, 1970) is an American actor, musician, director, producer, writer and consultant. <P0-S1>  He is best known for his roles as Theodore Huxtable on the long-running NBC sitcom "The Cosby Show" and as Malcolm McGee on the UPN sitcom "Malcolm & Eddie". <P0-S2>  He also starred as Dr. Alex Reed in the sitcom "Reed Between the Lines". <SEP> <P1-S0> William "Spaceman" Patterson is a composer, arranger, producer, music director, director and entrepreneur who has collaborated with Miles Davis and James Brown. <P1-S1>  He was one of the musicians in Davis' line-up in the 1980s. <P1-S2>  He also produced Melvin Van Peebles album Ghetto Gothic. <P1-S3>  In 1992, Patterson provided music for Ntozake Shange's "The Love Space Demands", an adaptation of some of her poetry. <P1-S4>  In 2003, he was musical director for the play Dream on Monkey Mountain presented at the Harlem School of the Arts. <P1-S5>  In 2010, Patterson, long-time collaborator of Bill Cosby who worked on "The Cosby Show", assembled Cosby's album "The Cosnarati: State Of Emergency". <P1-S6>  Patterson told the Associated Press that when Cosby contacted him about making the album, "People started speculating, is he going to rap about Jell-O Pudding Pops or what?" <SEP> <P2-S0> Clair Olivia Huxtable (née Hanks) is a fictional character who appears in the American sitcom "The Cosby Show". <P2-S1>  Portrayed by actress Phylicia Rashad, Clair, the wife of Dr. Cliff Huxtable and mother of their five children, is the matriarch of the show's central Huxtable family. <P2-S2>  Working as a lawyer, Clair values the importance of maintaining a successful career while running a strong household. <P2-S3>  The character debuted alongside her family in "The Cosby Show"'s pilot, "Theo's Economic Lesson", which premiered on September 20, 1984. <SEP> <P3-S0> Lionel Cole is a pianist, songwriter, composer, music editor, music supervisor and public speaker. <P3-S1>  He has served as a regularly touring member of Mariah Carey's live band. <P3-S2>  Cole also partnered with Malcolm-Jamal Warner, to create the jazz and funk band "Miles Long." <P3-S3>  The first album, "The Many Facets of Superman", featured En Vogue's Cindy Heron and soul icon Teena Marie.
Question: Gelvonai is a town in a county whose administration was abolished on what date?

<P0-S0> Klaipėda County (Lithuanian: "Klaipėdos apskritis" ) is one of ten counties in Lithuania. <P0-S1>  It lies in the west of the country and is the only county to have a coastline. <P0-S2>  Its capital is Klaipėda. <P0-S3>  On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Klaipėda County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. <SEP> <P1-S0> Vilnius County (Lithuanian: "Vilniaus apskritis" ) is the largest of the 10 counties of Lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city Vilnius. <P1-S1>  On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Vilnius County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. <SEP> <P2-S0> Marijampolė County (Lithuanian: "Marijampolės apskritis" ; Polish: "Okręg mariampolski" ) is one of the ten counties in Lithuania. <P2-S1>  It is in the south of the country in the historical Suvalkija region, and its capital is the town Marijampolė. <P2-S2>  On 1 July 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, Marijampolė County remains as the territorial and statistical unit. <SEP> <P3-S0> Gelvonai is a town in Širvintos district municipality, Vilnius County, east Lithuania. <P3-S1>  According to the Lithuanian census of 2011, the town has a population of 284 people. <P3-S2>  The town has a Catholic church.
Question: The One and Only... is a British entertainment show was presented by a man who claims to be the only O'Connor who ever had a what?

<P0-S0> O'Connor was born in Stepney, East London to Maude ("née" Bassett) and Harry O'Connor. <P0-S1>  His mother was Jewish and his father was from Ireland. <P0-S2>  Des claims to be the only O'Connor who ever had a Bar Mitzvah. <P0-S3>  He had a brother, William O'Connor, and has a sister, Patricia, who is one year his junior. <P0-S4>  He was evacuated to Northampton during the Second World War and was briefly a professional footballer with Northampton Town. <SEP> <P1-S0> One Night Only is a British entertainment show, celebrating the best of British Music. <P1-S1>  Myleene Klass hosted the first episode in December 2008 with the singer Tom Jones. <P1-S2>  Ben Shephard hosted in 2009 and 2010, which saw Rod Stewart and Phil Collins take to the stage. <P1-S3>  In November 2010, Fearne Cotton hosted a one-off special with Bon Jovi and in 2011 presented by Christine Bleakley featuring music from Duran Duran. <P1-S4>  Another episode aired in November 2014, with Rob Brydon hosting "Neil Diamond: One Night Only". <P1-S5>  Joanna Lumley presented the seventh episode with Bette Midler in December 2014. <SEP> <P2-S0> The One and Only... is a British entertainment show, celebrating some of Britain's best loved stars from the world of entertainment. <P2-S1>  The first show aired on 8 April 2012 and was presented by Des O'Connor. <P2-S2>  The second aired on 16 October 2013, which was presented by Paul O'Grady, starred the comedian's good friend, Cilla Black. <SEP> <P3-S0> Hit Me, Baby, One More Time is a television entertainment show first broadcast on the British television network ITV and later, as a new version, by NBC in the United States; both were presented by Vernon Kay. <P3-S1>  During each programme, five former pop stars sing their biggest hit along with a cover version of a contemporary hit. <P3-S2>  Each week one winner is picked from each show by a phone vote (in the British version) or a studio-audience vote (in the American version), leading to the grand final when the overall winner can release a single featuring both songs (in the British version) or have $20,000 donated to a charity of their choice (in the American version). <P3-S3>  The show's title comes from a line in the Britney Spears song "...Baby One More Time".
Question: What is the name of the American singer songwriter and television personality whose identity was used in an off-Broadway musical based on 'American Idol' where contestants dream of winning a spot as the opening act for this celebrities new tour?

<P0-S0> American singer Demi Lovato has embarked six concert tours and performed live at various award ceremonies and television shows. <P0-S1>  Her debut promotional tour in 2008, Demi Live! <P0-S2>  Warm Up Tour was based in North America only and supported her debut studio album, "Don't Forget" (2008). <P0-S3>  At the same year, Lovato served as one of the opening acts for Jonas Brothers on their fifth concert tour, Burnin' Up Tour. <P0-S4>  Lovato also served as one of the opening acts for Avril Lavigne on her third concert tour, The Best Damn World Tour on selected dates in North America. <P0-S5>  In 2009, Lovato performed as the opening act on the Jonas Brothers World Tour 2009 with Jonas Brothers during the South American and European legs, before she continued to tour her first headlining tour, during Summer 2009, promoting her debut album "Don't Forget" and her sophomore album "Here We Go Again". <P0-S6>  The tour featured opening acts, David Archuleta, Jordan Pruitt and KSM. <P0-S7>  In 2010, Lovato performed as the opening act on Jonas Brothers' Live in Concert World Tour 2010. <P0-S8>  On November 1, 2010, Lovato left the tour after a dispute arose to the public light involving her apparently punching one of the dancers of the tour. <P0-S9>  After Lovato left, she was interned in a treatment center to seek out help. <SEP> <P1-S0> Clay Aiken (born Clayton Holmes Grissom; November 30, 1978) is an American singer, songwriter, television personality, actor, author, politician, and activist. <P1-S1>  Aiken was the 2014 Democratic nominee in the North Carolina 2nd congressional district election. <SEP> <P2-S0> Dezmond Meeks (born February 27, 1983) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, actor, producer, dancer, fashionista and print model best known for his appearances on television shows 'American Idol' and 'America's Got Talent' on NBC, where he placed as a quarter-finalist on both shows. <SEP> <P3-S0> Idol: The Musical was an off-Broadway musical based on the popular TV show "American Idol". <P3-S1>  The story is about a group of "dork-like" characters who dream of winning a spot as the opening act in Clay Aiken's new tour. <P3-S2>  The music was written by Jon Balcourt, with lyrics co-written. <P3-S3>  The original story was conceived and outlined by Todd Ellis.
Question: The Pua'a Ka'a State Wayside Park is located along a highway that is how many miles long?

<P0-S0> Inspiration Peak is the highest peak of the Leaf Hills Moraines and of Otter Tail County in the U.S. State of Minnesota. <P0-S1>  It is 22 miles (36 km) northwest of Alexandria. <P0-S2>  The peak rises about 400 feet (122 m) above the surrounding plains, to an elevation of about 1750 feet (533 m) above sea level. <P0-S3>  It is the central feature of Inspiration Peak State Wayside Park, a small park maintained by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, which manages it from nearby Lake Carlos State Park. <P0-S4>  The wayside has a paved parking lot and a picnic area. <P0-S5>  The hike to the top is a short but strenuous walk up a well-worn trail from the parking lot. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Hāna Highway is a 64.4 mi long stretch of Hawaii Routes 36 and 360 which connects Kahului with the town of Hāna in east Maui. <P1-S1>  On the east after Kalepa Bridge, the highway continues to Kīpahulu as Hawaii Route 31 (the Piilani Highway). <P1-S2>  Although Hāna is only about 52 mi from Kahului, it takes about 2.5 hours to drive when no stops are made as the highway is very winding and narrow and passes over 59 bridges, 46 of which are only one lane wide. <P1-S3>  There are approximately 620 curves along Route 360 from just east of Kahului to Hāna, virtually all of it through lush, tropical rainforest. <P1-S4>  Many of the concrete and steel bridges date back to 1910 and all but one are still in use. <P1-S5>  That one bridge, badly damaged by erosion, has been replaced by a portable steel ACROW bridge erected by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. <SEP> <P2-S0> Falling Creek UDC Jefferson Davis Highway Marker is a historic stone highway marker located near Richmond, in Chesterfield County, Virginia. <P2-S1>  It was erected in 1933, and is one of sixteen erected by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in Virginia along the Jefferson Davis Highway between 1927 and 1946. <P2-S2>  The marker is a gray granite boulder with rough-cut edges. <P2-S3>  The stone is engraved with the text “ERECTED BY THE FIRST DISTRICT VIRGINIA DIVISION UNITED DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY 1933.” <P2-S4>  It is located in a wayside established in 1934, that provides access to the Bridge at Falling Creek. <P2-S5>  It was the first highway wayside park in Virginia. <SEP> <P3-S0> Puaʻ a Kaʻ a State Wayside Park is a state park on the island of Maui, Hawaiʻ i. <P3-S1>  It is located along the Hana Highway approximately 39 mi east of Kahului. <P3-S2>  The area consists of 5 acre of rainforest with waterfalls and pools. <P3-S3>  The park is at an elevation of 1200 ft and roughly 0.5 mi away from Waiohue Bay.
Question: Was The Brown Spectator or Skeptic published first?

<P0-S0> Anna Seghers' novel The Seventh Cross (German: "Das siebte Kreuz" ), is one of the better-known examples of German literature circa World War II. <P0-S1>  It was published first in the United States, in an abridged version, in September 1942 by Little, Brown and Company. <P0-S2>  Its publication was surrounded by a certain amount of fanfare; by the end of September, there were already plans for a comic strip version of "The Seventh Cross", it having already been selected as a Book-of-the-Month Club book. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Oregon Spectator, was a newspaper published from 1846 to 1855 in Oregon City of what was first the Oregon Country and later the Oregon Territory of the United States. <P1-S1>  The "Spectator" was the first American newspaper west of the Rocky Mountains and was the main paper of the region used by politicians for public debate of the leading topics of the day. <P1-S2>  The paper's motto was "Westward the Star of Empire takes its way". <SEP> <P2-S0> The Brown Spectator is a student-run journal of conservative and libertarian political writing at Brown University. <P2-S1>  It was originally the product of a student independent project. <P2-S2>  It was first published in 1984 "as a two-page offering of student writing on brightly colored paper". <SEP> <P3-S0> Skeptic, colloquially known as Skeptic magazine, is a quarterly science education and science advocacy magazine published internationally by The Skeptics Society, a nonprofit organization devoted to promoting scientific skepticism and resisting the spread of pseudoscience, superstition, and irrational beliefs. <P3-S1>  Founded by Michael Shermer, founder of the Skeptics Society, the magazine was first published in the spring of 1992 and is published through Millennium Press.
Question: What 1955 novel written by Patricia Highsmith did William Horberg produce a film adaptation?

<P0-S0> William Horberg is a Hollywood film producer, chair of the Producers Guild of America on the East coast, and guest curator at ArtYard. <P0-S1>  His films include Anthony Minghella's adaptations of the novels "The Talented Mr. Ripley" and "Cold Mountain". <P0-S2>  He also produced the critically acclaimed "Fallen Angels" series for Showtime from 1993-1995. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Talented Mr. Ripley is a 1999 American psychological thriller film written for the screen and directed by Anthony Minghella. <P1-S1>  An adaptation of Patricia Highsmith's 1955 novel of the same name, the film stars Matt Damon as Tom Ripley, Jude Law as Dickie Greenleaf, Gwyneth Paltrow as Marge Sherwood and Cate Blanchett as Meredith Logue. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Cry of the Owl is a 2009 thriller film based on Patricia Highsmith's book of the same name. <P2-S1>  The American-British-Canadian-French-German co-production was directed by Jamie Thraves and stars Paddy Considine, Julia Stiles, and Karl Pruner. <P2-S2>  This is the third filming of the book after the 1987 French film adaptation by Claude Chabrol and a German TV adaptation titled "Der Schrei der Eule", also dating from 1987. <SEP> <P3-S0> Purple Noon (Original: Plein soleil) (Italian: "Delitto in pieno sole"), (aka "Full Sun", "Blazing Sun", "Lust for Evil" and "Talented Mr. Ripley"), is a 1960 French-Italian film directed by René Clément, loosely based on the 1955 novel "The Talented Mr. Ripley" by Patricia Highsmith. <P3-S1>  The film stars Alain Delon in his first major film, along with Maurice Ronet (as Philippe Greenleaf) and Marie Laforêt (as Marge); Romy Schneider appears briefly in an uncredited role as Freddie Miles' companion, and Billy Kearns (an expatriate American actor well liked in France) plays Greenleaf's friend Freddy Miles. <P3-S2>  The film, principally in French, contains brief sequences in Italian.
Question: Which band split up first, Copeland or Elastica?

<P0-S0> Gedō (外道), also romanized simply as Gedo or Gedou, is a Japanese rock band. <P0-S1>  They were formed in 1973. <P0-S2>  The band split a first time in 1976, and then reformed and split again several times. <P0-S3>  Their first self-titled album is highly acclaimed in their home country, having been featured on "Rolling Stone"<nowiki>'s</nowiki> 100 greatest Japanese albums (N°24) and Julian Cope's "Japrocksampler", among other lists. <SEP> <P1-S0> Dominus was a death metal band from Ringsted, Denmark, which formed in 1991 and split up in 2000-2001. <P1-S1>  They released one single, two demos and four albums, each differing in style. <P1-S2>  When the band split up after their last album (2000/2001), lead singer and guitarist Michael Poulsen went on to form the band Volbeat, named after the Dominus album Vol.Beat (1997). <P1-S3>  Jens Peter Storm is active as lead guitarist in the Danish thrash metal band TONS. <P1-S4>  TONS also features Daniel Preisler Larsen, who was the drummer in Dominus, between the Vol.Beat and the Godfallos album. <SEP> <P2-S0> Copeland is an American rock band formed in 2001 by the singer, pianist Aaron Marsh (who also plays guitar) with his friend, the bass guitarist and backing vocalist James Likeness, in Lakeland, Florida. <SEP> <P3-S0> Elastica were an English alternative rock band that played punk rock, post-punk and new wave-influenced music. <P3-S1>  They formed in 1992, and are best known for their 1995 album "Elastica", which produced singles that charted in the United Kingdom and the United States. <P3-S2>  They split amicably in 2001 roughly a year after releasing their second LP.