winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: How many stars are on the flag of the nation that first participated in the 1952 Olympics, located near the citizen country of the author of the 2005 novel Thief?

<P0-S0> kamilla and the thief ("kamilla og tyven") is a norwegian family movie from 1988 directed by grete salomonsen and produced by her husband odd hynnekleiv. <P0-S1> the movie is an adaption from a norwegian children's novel by kari vinje, and is the first feature film of renowned norwegian actor dennis storhøi and also stars 1980s pop idol morten harket in a minor role. <P0-S2> "kamilla and the thief" was a huge success in norway, selling half a million tickets (in a country of about 4 million people). <P0-S3> it was so popular that a sequel was made, kamilla and the thief ii, which was released the year after. <P0-S4> in 2005 both movies were digitally restored and released on dvd. <SEP> <P1-S0> each country's delegation is led by a sign with the name of their country and by their nation's flag. <P1-S1> traditionally, greece always enters first and leads the parade because of its historical status as the progenitor of the olympics, and the host nation enters last. <P1-S2> all other participating teams enter after greece and before the host nation, in order according to a language selected by the organizing committee for those games, which is usually the dominant language in the area of the host city. <P1-S3> announcers announce each country's name in english, french and the dominant language of the area of the host city, if neither english nor french is the dominant language. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Messenger is a 2002 Novel by Markus Zusak, and winner of the 2003 Children's Book Council of Australia Book of the Year Award. <SEP> <P3-S0> New Zealand Use National flag and state ensign Proportion 1: 2 Adopted 24 March 1902 In use since 1869 Design A Blue Ensign with the Southern Cross of four white - edged red five - pointed stars centered on the outer half of the flag. <SEP> <P4-S0> Thirty nations sent competitors, which was the highest number of participants at a Winter Games. <P4-S1> New Zealand and Portugal took part in the Winter Olympic Games for the first time. <P4-S2> Australia, Germany, and Japan returned after a 16-year absence. <P4-S3> South Korea, Liechtenstein, and Turkey competed in 1948 but did not participate in the 1952 Games. <SEP> <P5-S0> The Book Thief is a 2013 World War II war drama film directed by Brian Percival and starring Geoffrey Rush, Emily Watson, and Sophie Nélisse. <P5-S1> The film is based on the 2005 novel The Book Thief by Markus Zusak and adapted by Michael Petroni. <P5-S2> The film is about a young girl living with her adoptive German family during the Nazi era. <P5-S3> Taught to read by her kind - hearted foster father, the girl begins ``borrowing ''books and sharing them with the Jewish refugee being sheltered by her foster parents in their home. <P5-S4> The film features a musical score by Oscar - winning composer John Williams.
Question: What continent is the country located near the country of citizenship of The Book Thief's author part of?

<P0-S0> demon thief is a book in darren shan's "demonata" series. <P0-S1> though it is the second book in the series, it is a prequel to "lord loss", the first book in the series. <P0-S2> the protagonist is also different from that of the first book. <P0-S3> the narrator here is a new character called kernel fleck, as opposed to grubbs grady, the protagonist of the first book. <P0-S4> demon thief takes place about thirty years before "lord loss" so most of the characters from the first book did not appear, though a few did. <P0-S5> it was also actually the sixth book of the demonata to be written, although it was the second released. <SEP> <P1-S0> alfred mayssonnié, nicknamed "maysso" (10 february 1884 – 6 september 1914), was a french rugby union player who appeared three times for the country's national team, and was also the first rugby international from any country to die in action in world war i. a native of lavernose, a village near toulouse, he played as scrum-half and fly-half and is credited to this day by stade toulousain as the strategist of the club's first great teams in the early 20th century. <SEP> <P2-S0> Thirty nations sent competitors, which was the highest number of participants at a Winter Games. <P2-S1> New Zealand and Portugal took part in the Winter Olympic Games for the first time. <P2-S2> Australia, Germany, and Japan returned after a 16-year absence. <P2-S3> South Korea, Liechtenstein, and Turkey competed in 1948 but did not participate in the 1952 Games. <SEP> <P3-S0> New Zealand is not part of the continent of Australia, but of the separate, submerged continent of Zealandia. <P3-S1> New Zealand and Australia are both part of the Oceanian sub-region known as Australasia, with New Guinea being in Melanesia. <P3-S2> The term Oceania is often used to denote the region encompassing the Australian continent and various islands in the Pacific Ocean that are not included in the seven - continent model. <SEP> <P4-S0> The Book Thief is a 2013 World War II war drama film directed by Brian Percival and starring Geoffrey Rush, Emily Watson, and Sophie Nélisse. <P4-S1> The film is based on the 2005 novel The Book Thief by Markus Zusak and adapted by Michael Petroni. <P4-S2> The film is about a young girl living with her adoptive German family during the Nazi era. <P4-S3> Taught to read by her kind - hearted foster father, the girl begins ``borrowing ''books and sharing them with the Jewish refugee being sheltered by her foster parents in their home. <P4-S4> The film features a musical score by Oscar - winning composer John Williams. <SEP> <P5-S0> The Messenger is a 2002 Novel by Markus Zusak, and winner of the 2003 Children's Book Council of Australia Book of the Year Award.
Question: Who was the child of the Italian navigator who sailed for England, and explored the eastern coast of the continent where the birthplace of Eduardo Cuervo is found?

<P0-S0> John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 -- c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. <P0-S1> To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as representing Cabot's first landing site. <P0-S2> However, alternative locations have also been proposed. <SEP> <P1-S0> Paula Santiago (born 1969 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican mixed media artist whose works have been displayed at the Monterrey Museum of Modern Art and several galleries in Europe and North America. <P1-S1> Most of her work stands out by being made with her own blood and hair. <SEP> <P2-S0> Eduardo Cuervo (born August 2, 1977 in Guadalajara, Jalisco) is a Mexican actor. <P2-S1> Best known for his participation in various telenovelas produced by Televisa, such as Abrázame muy fuerte, Amigas y Rivales, and Mujer de Madera. <SEP> <P3-S0> after the founding of the colony of new south wales in 1788, australia was divided into an eastern half named new south wales and a western half named new holland, under the administration of the colonial government in sydney. <P3-S1> the first european settlement in the area later known as victoria was established in october 1803 under lieutenant-governor david collins at sullivan bay on port phillip. <P3-S2> it consisted of 402 people (5 government officials, 9 officers of marines, 2 drummers, and 39 privates, 5 soldiers' wives, and a child, 307 convicts, 17 convicts' wives, and 7 children). <P3-S3> they had been sent from england in hms calcutta under the command of captain daniel woodriff, principally out of fear that the french, who had been exploring the area, might establish their own settlement and thereby challenge british rights to the continent. <SEP> <P4-S0> italian navigator and explorer giovanni caboto (known in english as john cabot) is credited with the discovery of continental north america on june 24, 1497, under the commission of henry vii of england. <P4-S1> though the exact location of his discovery remains disputed, the canadian and united kingdom governments' official position is that he landed on the island of newfoundland. <P4-S2> the english presence through giovanni caboto was signaled in juan de la cosa's map of 1500. <SEP> <P5-S0> Sebastian Cabot (Italian and , ; , "Gaboto" or "Cabot"; 1474 – December 1557) was an Italian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic. <P5-S1> He was the son of Italian explorer John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) and his Venetian wife Mattea.
Question: When was the death penalty abolished in the country near the country where the writer of The Book Thief is a citizen of?

<P0-S0> The Book Thief is a 2013 World War II war drama film directed by Brian Percival and starring Geoffrey Rush, Emily Watson, and Sophie Nélisse. <P0-S1> The film is based on the 2005 novel The Book Thief by Markus Zusak and adapted by Michael Petroni. <P0-S2> The film is about a young girl living with her adoptive German family during the Nazi era. <P0-S3> Taught to read by her kind - hearted foster father, the girl begins ``borrowing ''books and sharing them with the Jewish refugee being sheltered by her foster parents in their home. <P0-S4> The film features a musical score by Oscar - winning composer John Williams. <SEP> <P1-S0> Thirty nations sent competitors, which was the highest number of participants at a Winter Games. <P1-S1> New Zealand and Portugal took part in the Winter Olympic Games for the first time. <P1-S2> Australia, Germany, and Japan returned after a 16-year absence. <P1-S3> South Korea, Liechtenstein, and Turkey competed in 1948 but did not participate in the 1952 Games. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Messenger is a 2002 Novel by Markus Zusak, and winner of the 2003 Children's Book Council of Australia Book of the Year Award. <SEP> <P3-S0> demon thief is a book in darren shan's "demonata" series. <P3-S1> though it is the second book in the series, it is a prequel to "lord loss", the first book in the series. <P3-S2> the protagonist is also different from that of the first book. <P3-S3> the narrator here is a new character called kernel fleck, as opposed to grubbs grady, the protagonist of the first book. <P3-S4> demon thief takes place about thirty years before "lord loss" so most of the characters from the first book did not appear, though a few did. <P3-S5> it was also actually the sixth book of the demonata to be written, although it was the second released. <SEP> <P4-S0> Capital punishment in New Zealand first appeared in a codified form when it became a British territory in 1840, and was first employed in 1842. <P4-S1> It was last used in 1957, abolished for murder in 1961, and abolished altogether, including for treason, in 1989. <P4-S2> During the period that it was in effect, 85 people were executed. <SEP> <P5-S0> born in penstrowed near newtown, montgomeryshire, lewis was educated at levana school, wimbledon, and westfield college, london. <P5-S1> she had a long period of work on the "sunday times", where she became assistant editor, and from 1944 until her death in 1979 she also wrote for the magazine "country life".
Question: What is the deepest part of the ocean, near the state, where the county that holds the city of Winchester is found?

<P0-S0> paea is a commune in the suburbs of papeete in french polynesia, an overseas territory of france in the southern pacific ocean. <P0-S1> paea is located on the island of tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the windward islands, themselves part of the society islands. <P0-S2> at the 2017 census it had a population of 13,021. <SEP> <P1-S0> gmina tarnów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in tarnów county, lesser poland voivodeship, in southern poland. <P1-S1> its seat is the city of tarnów, although the city is not part of the territory of the gmina. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Daniel Dean Trial of Scott County, Virginia was a trial that took place in the town of Estiville (Gate City), Virginia in July 1877. <P2-S1> What makes this trial unique is that it was the first and only time that an individual was convicted of murder in the state of Virginia based solely on circumstantial evidence. <SEP> <P3-S0> Winchester is a city in and the county seat of Scott County, Illinois, United States. <P3-S1> The population was 1,650 at the 2000 census. <P3-S2> Winchester is part of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area. <SEP> <P4-S0> Virginia has a total area of , including of water, making it the 35th-largest state by area. <P4-S1> Virginia is bordered by Maryland and Washington, D.C. to the north and east; by the Atlantic Ocean to the east; by North Carolina to the south; by Tennessee to the southwest; by Kentucky to the west; and by West Virginia to the north and west. <P4-S2> Virginia's boundary with Maryland and Washington, D.C. extends to the low-water mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. <P4-S3> The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, though surveyor error led to deviations of as much as three arcminutes. <P4-S4> The border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U.S. Supreme Court. <SEP> <P5-S0> The Puerto Rico Trench is located on the boundary between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. <P5-S1> The oceanic trench is associated with a complex transition between the Lesser Antilles subduction zone to the south and the major transform fault zone or plate boundary, which extends west between Cuba and Hispaniola through the Cayman Trench to the coast of Central America. <P5-S2> The trench is 800 kilometres (497 mi) long and has a maximum depth of 8,648 metres (28,373 ft) or 5.373 miles at Milwaukee Deep, which is the deepest point in the Atlantic Ocean and the deepest point not in the Pacific Ocean.
Question: What's the name of the son of the Italian navigator who sailed for the English to explore the eastern coast of the continent Armando Robles was born in?

<P0-S0> John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 -- c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. <P0-S1> To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as representing Cabot's first landing site. <P0-S2> However, alternative locations have also been proposed. <SEP> <P1-S0> italian navigator and explorer giovanni caboto (known in english as john cabot) is credited with the discovery of continental north america on june 24, 1497, under the commission of henry vii of england. <P1-S1> though the exact location of his discovery remains disputed, the canadian and united kingdom governments' official position is that he landed on the island of newfoundland. <P1-S2> the english presence through giovanni caboto was signaled in juan de la cosa's map of 1500. <SEP> <P2-S0> Armando "Chato" Robles (born January 9, 1978 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) is a Mexican boxer in the Welterweight division and is the current Mexican National Light Welterweight Champion. <SEP> <P3-S0> the first country to attempt to circumnavigate africa was portugal, which had, since the early 15th century, begun to explore northern africa under henry the navigator. <P3-S1> emboldened by these early successes and eyeing a lucrative monopoly on a possible sea route to the indies the portuguese first crossed the cape of good hope in 1488 on an expedition led by bartolomeu dias. <P3-S2> just nine years later in 1497 on the orders of manuel i of portugal, four vessels under the command of navigator vasco da gama rounded the cape of good hope, continuing to the eastern coast of africa to malindi to sail across the indian ocean to calicut, on the malabar coast. <P3-S3> in south india -- the capital of the local zamorin rulers. <P3-S4> the wealth of the indies was now open for the europeans to explore; the portuguese empire was the earliest european seaborne empire to grow from the spice trade. <SEP> <P4-S0> Paula Santiago (born 1969 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican mixed media artist whose works have been displayed at the Monterrey Museum of Modern Art and several galleries in Europe and North America. <P4-S1> Most of her work stands out by being made with her own blood and hair. <SEP> <P5-S0> Sebastian Cabot (Italian and , ; , "Gaboto" or "Cabot"; 1474 – December 1557) was an Italian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic. <P5-S1> He was the son of Italian explorer John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) and his Venetian wife Mattea.
Question: Who is the son of the Italian navigator who explored the eastern coast of the continent Ulises Solís' birthplace is located in for England?

<P0-S0> José Ulises Solís Perez (born August 28, 1981 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) is a Mexican professional boxer and is the current IBF light Flyweight champion. <P0-S1> He recently got into a street fight with light middleweight champ Saul Alvarez and had his jaw broken. <P0-S2> He plans on pressing charges against Alvarez. <P0-S3> His brother also is current WBA Super Featherweight Champion Jorge Solís. <SEP> <P1-S0> after the founding of the colony of new south wales in 1788, australia was divided into an eastern half named new south wales and a western half named new holland, under the administration of the colonial government in sydney. <P1-S1> the first european settlement in the area later known as victoria was established in october 1803 under lieutenant-governor david collins at sullivan bay on port phillip. <P1-S2> it consisted of 402 people (5 government officials, 9 officers of marines, 2 drummers, and 39 privates, 5 soldiers' wives, and a child, 307 convicts, 17 convicts' wives, and 7 children). <P1-S3> they had been sent from england in hms calcutta under the command of captain daniel woodriff, principally out of fear that the french, who had been exploring the area, might establish their own settlement and thereby challenge british rights to the continent. <SEP> <P2-S0> Sebastian Cabot (Italian and , ; , "Gaboto" or "Cabot"; 1474 – December 1557) was an Italian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic. <P2-S1> He was the son of Italian explorer John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) and his Venetian wife Mattea. <SEP> <P3-S0> italian navigator and explorer giovanni caboto (known in english as john cabot) is credited with the discovery of continental north america on june 24, 1497, under the commission of henry vii of england. <P3-S1> though the exact location of his discovery remains disputed, the canadian and united kingdom governments' official position is that he landed on the island of newfoundland. <P3-S2> the english presence through giovanni caboto was signaled in juan de la cosa's map of 1500. <SEP> <P4-S0> John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 -- c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. <P4-S1> To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as representing Cabot's first landing site. <P4-S2> However, alternative locations have also been proposed. <SEP> <P5-S0> Paula Santiago (born 1969 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican mixed media artist whose works have been displayed at the Monterrey Museum of Modern Art and several galleries in Europe and North America. <P5-S1> Most of her work stands out by being made with her own blood and hair.
Question: Who is the child of the Italian navigator who explored the eastern coast of the continent César Gaytan was born in for the English?

<P0-S0> the recorded history of maryland dates back to when europeans began exploring the area, starting with the italian / venetian john cabot (c. 1450 -- c. 1500), exploring the coast of the continent of north america for england in 1498. the first european settlements were made in 1634, when the english arrived in significant numbers and created a permanent colony. <P0-S1> maryland was notable for having been established with religious freedom for roman catholics. <P0-S2> like other colonies of the chesapeake bay, its economy was based on tobacco as a commodity crop, cultivated primarily by african slave labor, although many young people came from britain as indentured servants in the early years. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sebastian Cabot (Italian and , ; , "Gaboto" or "Cabot"; 1474 – December 1557) was an Italian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic. <P1-S1> He was the son of Italian explorer John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) and his Venetian wife Mattea. <SEP> <P2-S0> after the founding of the colony of new south wales in 1788, australia was divided into an eastern half named new south wales and a western half named new holland, under the administration of the colonial government in sydney. <P2-S1> the first european settlement in the area later known as victoria was established in october 1803 under lieutenant-governor david collins at sullivan bay on port phillip. <P2-S2> it consisted of 402 people (5 government officials, 9 officers of marines, 2 drummers, and 39 privates, 5 soldiers' wives, and a child, 307 convicts, 17 convicts' wives, and 7 children). <P2-S3> they had been sent from england in hms calcutta under the command of captain daniel woodriff, principally out of fear that the french, who had been exploring the area, might establish their own settlement and thereby challenge british rights to the continent. <SEP> <P3-S0> César Gaytan (born July 15, 1993 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) is an undefeated Mexican professional boxer in the Bantamweight division. <SEP> <P4-S0> Paula Santiago (born 1969 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican mixed media artist whose works have been displayed at the Monterrey Museum of Modern Art and several galleries in Europe and North America. <P4-S1> Most of her work stands out by being made with her own blood and hair. <SEP> <P5-S0> John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 -- c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. <P5-S1> To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as representing Cabot's first landing site. <P5-S2> However, alternative locations have also been proposed.
Question: During WW2, who was the leader of the country near the country of citizenship of the writer of The Book Thief?

<P0-S0> The Book Thief is a 2013 World War II war drama film directed by Brian Percival and starring Geoffrey Rush, Emily Watson, and Sophie Nélisse. <P0-S1> The film is based on the 2005 novel The Book Thief by Markus Zusak and adapted by Michael Petroni. <P0-S2> The film is about a young girl living with her adoptive German family during the Nazi era. <P0-S3> Taught to read by her kind - hearted foster father, the girl begins ``borrowing ''books and sharing them with the Jewish refugee being sheltered by her foster parents in their home. <P0-S4> The film features a musical score by Oscar - winning composer John Williams. <SEP> <P1-S0> demon thief is a book in darren shan's "demonata" series. <P1-S1> though it is the second book in the series, it is a prequel to "lord loss", the first book in the series. <P1-S2> the protagonist is also different from that of the first book. <P1-S3> the narrator here is a new character called kernel fleck, as opposed to grubbs grady, the protagonist of the first book. <P1-S4> demon thief takes place about thirty years before "lord loss" so most of the characters from the first book did not appear, though a few did. <P1-S5> it was also actually the sixth book of the demonata to be written, although it was the second released. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Messenger is a 2002 Novel by Markus Zusak, and winner of the 2003 Children's Book Council of Australia Book of the Year Award. <SEP> <P3-S0> alfred mayssonnié, nicknamed "maysso" (10 february 1884 – 6 september 1914), was a french rugby union player who appeared three times for the country's national team, and was also the first rugby international from any country to die in action in world war i. a native of lavernose, a village near toulouse, he played as scrum-half and fly-half and is credited to this day by stade toulousain as the strategist of the club's first great teams in the early 20th century. <SEP> <P4-S0> There was also a strong sentimental link between the former British colony and the United Kingdom, with many seeing Britain as the ``mother country ''or`` Home''. <P4-S1> The New Zealand Prime Minister of the time Michael Joseph Savage summed this up at the outbreak of war with a broadcast on 5 September (largely written by the Solicitor - General Henry Cornish) that became a popular cry in New Zealand during the war: <SEP> <P5-S0> Thirty nations sent competitors, which was the highest number of participants at a Winter Games. <P5-S1> New Zealand and Portugal took part in the Winter Olympic Games for the first time. <P5-S2> Australia, Germany, and Japan returned after a 16-year absence. <P5-S3> South Korea, Liechtenstein, and Turkey competed in 1948 but did not participate in the 1952 Games.
Question: What is the name of the child of the Italian navigator who sailed for England and explored the east coast of the continent Francisco Vázquez' birthplace is located?

<P0-S0> Francisco H. Vázquez (born June 11, 1949 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) is a Mexican-American scholar and public intellectual. <P0-S1> Vázquez is currently a tenured professor of the history of ideas and director of the Hutchins Institute for Public Policy Studies and Community Action at the nationally known Hutchins School of Liberal Studies at Sonoma State University. <P0-S2> He is also the director of the Hutchins Institute for Public Policy Studies and Community Action. <P0-S3> He co-authored the prominent book "Latino/a Thought: Culture, Politics, and Society", (Rowman & Littlefield) with University of California Irvine professor Rodolfo D. Torres in 2003. <P0-S4> A second edition by Vázquez alone was issued on December 2008. <SEP> <P1-S0> Paula Santiago (born 1969 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican mixed media artist whose works have been displayed at the Monterrey Museum of Modern Art and several galleries in Europe and North America. <P1-S1> Most of her work stands out by being made with her own blood and hair. <SEP> <P2-S0> John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 -- c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. <P2-S1> To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as representing Cabot's first landing site. <P2-S2> However, alternative locations have also been proposed. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sebastian Cabot (Italian and , ; , "Gaboto" or "Cabot"; 1474 – December 1557) was an Italian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic. <P3-S1> He was the son of Italian explorer John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) and his Venetian wife Mattea. <SEP> <P4-S0> wilkins runway is a single runway aerodrome operated by australia, located on upper glacier of the ice sheet preston heath, budd coast, wilkes land, on the continent of antarctica, but southeast of the actual coast. <P4-S1> it is named after sir hubert wilkins, a pioneer of antarctic aviation and exploration. <SEP> <P5-S0> italian navigator and explorer giovanni caboto (known in english as john cabot) is credited with the discovery of continental north america on june 24, 1497, under the commission of henry vii of england. <P5-S1> though the exact location of his discovery remains disputed, the canadian and united kingdom governments' official position is that he landed on the island of newfoundland. <P5-S2> the english presence through giovanni caboto was signaled in juan de la cosa's map of 1500.
Question: Whose navigator father explored the east coast of the region where Ignacio Esparza was later born?

<P0-S0> Ignacio Esparza Lozano (born June 4, 1977 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico) is a Mexican professional boxer in the Cruiserweight division. <P0-S1> He's the former Mexican National and WBA Fedebol Cruiserweight Champion. <SEP> <P1-S0> his fleet of 13 ships sailed far into the western atlantic ocean, perhaps intentionally, where he made landfall on what he initially assumed to be a large island. <P1-S1> as the new land was within the portuguese sphere according to the treaty of tordesillas, cabral claimed it for the portuguese crown. <P1-S2> he explored the coast, realizing that the large land mass was probably a continent, and dispatched a ship to notify king manuel i of the new territory. <P1-S3> the continent was south america, and the land he had claimed for portugal later came to be known as brazil. <P1-S4> the fleet reprovisioned and then turned eastward to resume the journey to india. <SEP> <P2-S0> Sebastian Cabot (Italian and , ; , "Gaboto" or "Cabot"; 1474 – December 1557) was an Italian explorer, likely born in the Venetian Republic. <P2-S1> He was the son of Italian explorer John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto) and his Venetian wife Mattea. <SEP> <P3-S0> Paula Santiago (born 1969 in Guadalajara) is a Mexican mixed media artist whose works have been displayed at the Monterrey Museum of Modern Art and several galleries in Europe and North America. <P3-S1> Most of her work stands out by being made with her own blood and hair. <SEP> <P4-S0> John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 -- c. 1500) was a Venetian navigator and explorer whose 1497 discovery of the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England was the first European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. <P4-S1> To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland, as representing Cabot's first landing site. <P4-S2> However, alternative locations have also been proposed. <SEP> <P5-S0> the first known landing in australia by europeans was by dutch navigator willem janszoon in 1606. twenty - nine other dutch navigators explored the western and southern coasts in the 17th century, and dubbed the continent new holland. <P5-S1> macassan trepangers visited australia's northern coasts after 1720, possibly earlier. <P5-S2> other european explorers followed until, in 1770, lieutenant james cook charted the east coast of australia for great britain and returned with accounts favouring colonisation at botany bay (now in sydney), new south wales.
Question: What body of water was dry land during the last ice age, besides the Irish Channel and the sea near the former Atlantic Hotel?

<P0-S0> the english channel (french: la manche, ``the sleeve ''; german: ärmelkanal,`` sleeve channel''; breton: mor breizh, ``sea of brittany ''; cornish: mor bretannek,`` british sea''), also called simply the channel, is the body of water that separates southern england from northern france, and links the southern part of the north sea to the atlantic ocean. <P0-S1> it is the busiest shipping area in the world. <SEP> <P1-S0> the english channel (french: la manche, ``the sleeve ''; german: ärmelkanal,`` sleeve channel''; breton: mor breizh, ``sea of brittany ''; cornish: mor bretannek,`` sea of brittany''), also called simply the channel, is the body of water that separates southern england from northern france, and links the southern part of the north sea to the atlantic ocean. <P1-S1> it is the busiest shipping area in the world. <SEP> <P2-S0> During a meeting at Atlantic Hotel (Hamburg) in 1953, a group of Iranian residents of Germany discussed the need to establish their own religious center. <P2-S1> A letter was sent to the late Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Husayn Borujerdi asking him for help; Grand Ayatollah agreed with the plan and donated 100,000 Rials to the center. <P2-S2> The construction began in 1960 and by 1965 it was completed. <P2-S3> In the same year Ayatollah Mohammad Beheshti was appointed to lead the center. <SEP> <P3-S0> The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). <P3-S1> In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. <P3-S2> The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). <P3-S3> During this time, the lower Rhine flowed roughly west through the Netherlands and extended to the southwest, through the English Channel and finally, to the Atlantic Ocean. <P3-S4> The English Channel, the Irish Channel and most of the North Sea were dry land, mainly because sea level was approximately 120 m (390 ft) lower than today. <SEP> <P4-S0> Hamburg is at a sheltered natural harbour on the southern fanning-out of the Jutland Peninsula, between Continental Europe to the south and Scandinavia to the north, with the North Sea to the west and the Baltic Sea to the northeast. <P4-S1> It is on the River Elbe at its confluence with the Alster and Bille. <P4-S2> The city centre is around the Binnenalster ("Inner Alster") and Außenalster ("Outer Alster"), both formed by damming the River Alster to create lakes. <P4-S3> The islands of Neuwerk, Scharhörn, and Nigehörn, away in the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park, are also part of the city of Hamburg.
Question: The Real Housewives series from the largest city of the state where WEKL transmits started when?

<P0-S0> founded in 1670 as charles town in honor of king charles ii of england, charleston adopted its present name in 1783. it moved to its present location on oyster point in 1680 from a location on the west bank of the ashley river known as albemarle point. <P0-S1> by 1690, charles town was the fifth-largest city in north america, and it remained among the 10 largest cities in the united states through the 1840 census. <P0-S2> with a 2010 census population of 120,083  (and a 2014 estimate of 130,113), current trends put charleston as the fastest-growing municipality in south carolina. <P0-S3> the population of the charleston metropolitan area, comprising berkeley, charleston, and dorchester counties, was counted by the 2014 estimate at 727,689 – the third-largest in the state – and the 78th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the united states. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Real Housewives of Atlanta (abbreviated RHOA) is an American reality television series that premiered on October 7, 2008, on Bravo. <P1-S1> Developed as the third installment of The Real Housewives franchise, following The Real Housewives of Orange County and New York City, it has aired nine seasons and focuses on the personal and professional lives of several women residing in Atlanta, Georgia. <SEP> <P2-S0> the real housewives of new york city (abbreviated rhony) is an american reality television series that premiered on march 4, 2008 on bravo. <P2-S1> developed as the second installment of the real housewives franchise, following the real housewives of orange county, it is currently in its ninth season and focuses on the personal and professional lives of several women residing in new york city. <SEP> <P3-S0> WEKL, known on-air as "102.3 K-Love", is a Contemporary Christian radio station in the United States, licensed by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to Augusta, Georgia, broadcasting on 102.3 MHz with an ERP of 1.5 kW. <P3-S1> Its studios are located at the Augusta Corporate Center with the market’s other iHeartMedia owned sister stations in Augusta, and the transmitter is located in Augusta near Fort Gordon. <SEP> <P4-S0> The largest municipality by population in Georgia is Atlanta with 420,003 residents, and the smallest municipality by population is Edge Hill with 24 residents. <P4-S1> The largest municipality by land area is Augusta, a consolidated city - county, which spans 302.47 sq mi (783.4 km), while Edge Hill and Santa Claus are tied for the smallest at 0.18 sq mi (0.47 km) each.
Question: What region is to the north of what used to be known as Near East and the body of water between east africa and Arabian Peninsula?

<P0-S0> Before the modern era, it was divided into four distinct regions: Hejaz (Tihamah), Najd (Al - Yamama), Southern Arabia (Hadhramaut) and Eastern Arabia. <P0-S1> Hejaz and Najd make up most of Saudi Arabia. <P0-S2> Southern Arabia consists of Yemen and some parts of Saudi Arabia (Najran, Jizan, Asir) and Oman (Dhofar). <P0-S3> Eastern Arabia consists of the entire coastal strip of the Persian Gulf. <SEP> <P1-S0> the foreign and commonwealth office of united kingdom recognises a middle east and north africa region, but not a near east. <P1-S1> their original middle east consumed the near east as far as the red sea, ceded india to the asia and oceania region, and went into partnership with north africa as far as the atlantic. <SEP> <P2-S0> Subsequently with the disgrace of "Near East" in diplomatic and military circles, "Middle East" prevailed. <P2-S1> However, "Near East" continues in some circles at the discretion of the defining agency or academic department. <P2-S2> They are not generally considered distinct regions as they were at their original definition. <SEP> <P3-S0> the encyclopædia britannica defines the near east as including armenia, azerbaijan, bahrain, cyprus, egypt, georgia, iran, iraq, israel, jordan, kuwait, lebanon, libya, oman, palestine, qatar, saudi arabia, sudan, syria, turkey, the united arab emirates, the west bank, and yemen. <P3-S1> the food and agriculture organization (fao) of the united nations defines the region similarly, but also includes afghanistan while excluding the countries of north africa and the palestinian territories. <P3-S2> according to the national geographic society, the terms near east and middle east denote the same territories and are 'generally accepted as comprising the countries of the arabian peninsula, cyprus, egypt, iraq, iran, israel, jordan, lebanon, palestinian territories, syria, and turkey'. <SEP> <P4-S0> The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country situated in Southwest Asia, the largest country of Arabia, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen. <P4-S1> Its extensive coastlines on the Persian Gulf and Red Sea provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and Suez Canal. <P4-S2> The kingdom occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula. <P4-S3> Most of the country's boundaries with the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Oman, and the Republic of Yemen (formerly two separate countries: the Yemen Arab Republic or North Yemen; and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen or South Yemen) are undefined, so the exact size of the country remains unknown. <P4-S4> The Saudi government estimate is at 2,217,949 square kilometres, while other reputable estimates vary between 2,149,690 and 2,240,000 sq. <P4-S5> kilometres. <P4-S6> Less than 1% of the total area is suitable for cultivation, and in the early 1990s, population distribution varied greatly among the towns of the eastern and western coastal areas, the densely populated interior oases, and the vast, almost empty deserts.
Question: What is the average winter daytime temperature in the region containing Richmond, in the state where WUSH operates?

<P0-S0> the shannon brook, a perennial stream of the richmond river catchment, is located in northern rivers region in the state of new south wales, australia. <SEP> <P1-S0> the climate in southeast alaska is a mid-latitude oceanic climate (köppen climate classification: cfb) in the southern sections and a subarctic oceanic climate (köppen cfc) in the northern parts. <P1-S1> on an annual basis, southeast is both the wettest and warmest part of alaska with milder temperatures in the winter and high precipitation throughout the year. <P1-S2> juneau averages over 50 in (130 cm) of precipitation a year, and ketchikan averages over 150 in (380 cm). <P1-S3> this is also the only region in alaska in which the average daytime high temperature is above freezing during the winter months. <SEP> <P2-S0> WUSH is a country music formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Poquoson, Virginia, serving Hampton Roads. <P2-S1> WUSH is owned and operated by Sinclair Telecable, Inc. <SEP> <P3-S0> Richmond is located at 37°32′N 77°28′W﻿ / ﻿37.533°N 77.467°W﻿ / 37.533; -77.467 (37.538, −77.462). <P3-S1> According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 62 square miles (160 km2), of which 60 square miles (160 km2) is land and 2.7 square miles (7.0 km2) of it (4.3%) is water. <P3-S2> The city is located in the Piedmont region of Virginia, at the highest navigable point of the James River. <P3-S3> The Piedmont region is characterized by relatively low, rolling hills, and lies between the low, sea level Tidewater region and the Blue Ridge Mountains. <P3-S4> Significant bodies of water in the region include the James River, the Appomattox River, and the Chickahominy River. <SEP> <P4-S0> In winter, the Piedmont is colder than the coast, with temperatures usually averaging in the upper 40s–lower 50s °F (8–12 °C) during the day and often dropping below the freezing point at night. <P4-S1> The region averages around 3–5 in (8–13 cm) of snowfall annually in the Charlotte area, and slightly more north toward the Virginia border. <P4-S2> The Piedmont is especially notorious for sleet and freezing rain. <P4-S3> Freezing rain can be heavy enough to snarl traffic and break down trees and power lines. <P4-S4> Annual precipitation and humidity are lower in the Piedmont than in the mountains or the coast, but even at its lowest, the average is 40 in (1,020 mm) per year.
Question: When did the religious order that founded Harvard College, arrive in the region of the U.S. served by the Rainbow Times?

<P0-S0> harvard university calls itself ``the oldest institution of higher learning in the united states ''and this claim is rarely challenged. <P0-S1> it is possible to disagree what year should be taken as harvard's`` real'' founding date (harvard uses the earliest possible one, 1636, when the institution was chartered by the massachusetts bay colony). <P0-S2> however, harvard has operated since 1650 under the same corporation, the ``president and fellows of harvard college ''; it thus has an unbroken institutional history dating back to the mid seventeenth century (an official harvard web page for the school of engineering and applied sciences claims,`` founded in 1636, harvard is america's oldest university''). <SEP> <P1-S0> Various LGBT publications serve the city's large LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender) community such as The Rainbow Times, the only minority and lesbian-owned LGBT newsmagazine. <P1-S1> Founded in 2006, The Rainbow Times is now based out of Boston, but serves all of New England. <SEP> <P2-S0> harvard was formed in 1636 by vote of the great and general court of the massachusetts bay colony. <P2-S1> it was initially called "new college" or "the college at new towne". <P2-S2> in 1638, the college became home for north america's first known printing press, carried by the ship john of london. <P2-S3> in 1639, the college was renamed harvard college after deceased clergyman john harvard, who was an alumnus of the university of cambridge. <P2-S4> he had left the school £779 and his library of some 400 books. <P2-S5> the charter creating the harvard corporation was granted in 1650. <SEP> <P3-S0> As the Reformers wanted all members of the church to be able to read the Bible, education on all levels got a strong boost. <P3-S1> By the middle of the eighteenth century, the literacy rate in England was about 60 per cent, in Scotland 65 per cent, and in Sweden eight of ten men and women were able to read and to write. <P3-S2> Colleges and universities were founded. <P3-S3> For example, the Puritans who established Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1628 founded Harvard College only eight years later. <P3-S4> About a dozen other colleges followed in the 18th century, including Yale (1701). <P3-S5> Pennsylvania also became a centre of learning. <SEP> <P4-S0> Other Puritans were convinced that New England could provide a religious refuge, and the enterprise was reorganized as the Massachusetts Bay Company. <P4-S1> In March 1629, it succeeded in obtaining from King Charles a royal charter for the establishment of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. <P4-S2> In 1630, the first ships of the Great Puritan Migration sailed to the New World, led by John Winthrop.
Question: Besides the Irish Channel and the body of water by the city Caspar Voght died in, what else lowered in the last cold phase?

<P0-S0> Hamburg is at a sheltered natural harbour on the southern fanning-out of the Jutland Peninsula, between Continental Europe to the south and Scandinavia to the north, with the North Sea to the west and the Baltic Sea to the northeast. <P0-S1> It is on the River Elbe at its confluence with the Alster and Bille. <P0-S2> The city centre is around the Binnenalster ("Inner Alster") and Außenalster ("Outer Alster"), both formed by damming the River Alster to create lakes. <P0-S3> The islands of Neuwerk, Scharhörn, and Nigehörn, away in the Hamburg Wadden Sea National Park, are also part of the city of Hamburg. <SEP> <P1-S0> the irish film archive is part of the irish film institute (formed in 1943, incorporated in 1945) the body charged with the promotion and preservation of film culture in ireland. <SEP> <P2-S0> irish channel (french: "manche irlandaise", irish: "cainéal na héireann") is a neighborhood of the city of new orleans. <P2-S1> a subdistrict of the central city/garden district area, its boundaries as defined by the new orleans city planning commission are: magazine street to the north, first street to the east, the mississippi river to the south and toledano street to the west. <SEP> <P3-S0> The last glacial ran from ~74,000 (BP = Before Present), until the end of the Pleistocene (~11,600 BP). <P3-S1> In northwest Europe, it saw two very cold phases, peaking around 70,000 BP and around 29,000–24,000 BP. <P3-S2> The last phase slightly predates the global last ice age maximum (Last Glacial Maximum). <P3-S3> During this time, the lower Rhine flowed roughly west through the Netherlands and extended to the southwest, through the English Channel and finally, to the Atlantic Ocean. <P3-S4> The English Channel, the Irish Channel and most of the North Sea were dry land, mainly because sea level was approximately 120 m (390 ft) lower than today. <SEP> <P4-S0> Caspar Voght (17 November 1752 – 20 March 1839), later Caspar Reichsfreiherr von Voght (more commonly known as Baron Caspar von Voght), was a German merchant and social reformer from Hamburg (today Germany). <P4-S1> Together with his business partner and friend Georg Heinrich Sieveking he led one of the largest trading firms in Hamburg during the second half of the 18th Century. <P4-S2> On numerous trade trips, he completely crossed the European continent. <P4-S3> One of his greatest achievements was reforming the welfare system of Hamburg. <P4-S4> From 1785 he dedicated himself to strengthening agricultural and horticultural projects and built a model agricultural community in Flottbek, close to the gates of Hamburg.