winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: How many places of higher learning are in the city where the Yongle emperor greeted the person to whom the edict was addressed?

<P0-S0> Nanjing has been the educational centre in southern China for more than 1700 years. <P0-S1> There are 75 institutions of higher learning till 2013. <P0-S2> The number of National key laboratories, National key disciplines and the academicians of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering all rank third in the nation. <P0-S3> It boasts some of the most prominent educational institutions in the region, some of which are listed as follows: <SEP> <P1-S0> valley city state university (vcsu) is an institution of higher learning in valley city, north dakota, united states, part of the eleven-member north dakota university system. <SEP> <P2-S0> During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. <P2-S1> Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. <P2-S2> The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. <P2-S3> According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. <P2-S4> Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him. <SEP> <P3-S0> informal learning is one of three forms of learning defined by the organisation for economic co-operation and development (oecd). <P3-S1> informal learning occurs in a variety of places, such as at home, work, and through daily interactions and shared relationships among members of society. <P3-S2> for many learners this includes language acquisition, cultural norms and manners. <P3-S3> informal learning for young people is an ongoing process that also occurs in a variety of places, such as out of school time, in youth programs at community centers and media labs. <SEP> <P4-S0> The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) addressed to the Karmapa in 1445, written after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court. <P4-S1> Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa:
Question: Where is the headquarters of the Radio Television of the country that has a co-official language in the language that Kuhinjica is in?

<P0-S0> catalan (/ˈkætəlæn/; autonym: català [kətəˈla] or [kataˈla]) is a romance language named for its origins in catalonia, in what is northeastern spain and adjoining parts of france. <P0-S1> it is the national and only official language of andorra, and a co-official language of the spanish autonomous communities of catalonia, the balearic islands, and valencia (where the language is known as valencian, and there exist regional standards). <P0-S2> it also has semi-official status in the city of alghero on the italian island of sardinia. <P0-S3> it is also spoken with no official recognition in parts of the spanish autonomous communities of aragon (la franja) and murcia (carche), and in the historic french region of roussillon/northern catalonia, roughly equivalent to the department of pyrénées-orientales. <SEP> <P1-S0> the following is a list of territories where english is an official language, that is, a language used in citizen interactions with government officials. <P1-S1> in 2015, there were 54 sovereign states and 27 non-sovereign entities where english was an official language. <P1-S2> many country subdivisions have declared english an official language at the local or regional level. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kuhinjica (Serbian Cyrillic: Кухињица) is a popular culinary magazine in Serbia, published by Scorpion production. <P2-S1> The first issue came out in April 2007. <P2-S2> Besides the magazine, there are also a TV serial and a web site with more than 15.000 recipes. <SEP> <P3-S0> Media in Pristina have followed all elections held in Kosova, especially a great impact was noted in Kosova local elections, 2013,where media dedicated most of their time in political debates,advertisements and political parties programs. <SEP> <P4-S0> Serbian (српски / srpski, pronounced [sr̩̂pskiː]) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Serbs. <P4-S1> It is the official language of Serbia, co-official in the territory of Kosovo, and one of the three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina. <P4-S2> In addition, it is a recognized minority language in Montenegro, where it is spoken by the relative majority of the population, as well as in Croatia, North Macedonia, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic.
Question: Where is the headquarter of the Radio Television of the country whose co-official language is the same as the one Politika is written in?

<P0-S0> Media in Pristina have followed all elections held in Kosova, especially a great impact was noted in Kosova local elections, 2013,where media dedicated most of their time in political debates,advertisements and political parties programs. <SEP> <P1-S0> Serbian (српски / srpski, pronounced [sr̩̂pskiː]) is the standardized variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Serbs. <P1-S1> It is the official language of Serbia, co-official in the territory of Kosovo, and one of the three official languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina. <P1-S2> In addition, it is a recognized minority language in Montenegro, where it is spoken by the relative majority of the population, as well as in Croatia, North Macedonia, Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, and the Czech Republic. <SEP> <P2-S0> Politika (; ) is a Serbian daily newspaper, published in Belgrade. <P2-S1> Founded in 1904 by Vladislav F. Ribnikar, it is the oldest daily newspaper still in circulation in the Balkans and is considered to be Serbia's newspaper of record. <SEP> <P3-S0> aside from the official forms of their respective languages, the four linguistic regions of switzerland also have their local dialectal forms. <P3-S1> the role played by dialects in each linguistic region varies dramatically: in the german-speaking regions, swiss german dialects have become ever more prevalent since the second half of the 20th century, especially in the media, such as radio and television, and are used as an everyday language, while the swiss variety of standard german is almost always used instead of dialect for written communication (c.f. <P3-S2> diglossic usage of a language). <P3-S3> conversely, in the french-speaking regions the local dialects have almost disappeared (only 6.3% of the population of valais, 3.9% of fribourg, and 3.1% of jura still spoke dialects at the end of the 20th century), while in the italian-speaking regions dialects are mostly limited to family settings and casual conversation. <SEP> <P4-S0> catalan (/ˈkætəlæn/; autonym: català [kətəˈla] or [kataˈla]) is a romance language named for its origins in catalonia, in what is northeastern spain and adjoining parts of france. <P4-S1> it is the national and only official language of andorra, and a co-official language of the spanish autonomous communities of catalonia, the balearic islands, and valencia (where the language is known as valencian, and there exist regional standards). <P4-S2> it also has semi-official status in the city of alghero on the italian island of sardinia. <P4-S3> it is also spoken with no official recognition in parts of the spanish autonomous communities of aragon (la franja) and murcia (carche), and in the historic french region of roussillon/northern catalonia, roughly equivalent to the department of pyrénées-orientales.
Question: Where did they film The Beach in the country where Bodindecha died?

<P0-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P0-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P1-S0> Chao Phraya Bodindecha (, , 1777–1849), personal name Sing Sinhaseni (), was one of the most prominent political and military figures of the early Bangkok Rattanakosin Kingdom. <P1-S1> Bodindecha was both a top military general () and Chief Minister in charge of civilian affairs as the "Akkhra Maha Senabodi" () of the "Samuha Nayok" ) during the reign of King Rama III. <P1-S2> He was known for putting down the Laotian Rebellion (1826–1828} (ปราบกบฎ) of Lord Anouvong of Vientiane (เจ้าอนุวงศ์ เวียงจันทน์) and for campaigns during the Siamese-Vietnamese Wars of 1831–1834 and 1841–1845. <SEP> <P2-S0> the beaches of agnès () is a 2008 french documentary film directed by agnès varda. <P2-S1> the film is an autobiographical essay where varda revisits places from her past, reminisces about life and celebrates her 80th birthday on camera. <P2-S2> varda said it would most likely be her last film, but released the documentary faces places a decade later. <SEP> <P3-S0> Controversy arose during the making of the film due to 20th Century Fox's bulldozing and landscaping of the natural beach setting of Ko Phi Phi Leh to make it more ``paradise - like ''. <P3-S1> The production altered some sand dunes and cleared some coconut trees and grass to widen the beach. <P3-S2> Fox set aside a fund to reconstruct and return the beach to its natural state; however, lawsuits were filed by environmentalists who believed the damage to the ecosystem was permanent and restoration attempts had failed. <P3-S3> Following shooting of the film, there was a clear flat area at one end of the beach that was created artificially with an odd layout of trees which was never rectified, and the entire area remained damaged from the original state until the tsunami of 2004. <SEP> <P4-S0> principal photography on the film began on october 13, 2014, in wilmington, north carolina, and lasted through november 21. for the first three days, the crew and extras filmed at the dockside restaurant & bar and bridge tender marina along with actors, near wrightsville beach. <P4-S1> on october 20, filming was taking place at hanover seaside club in wrightsville beach. <P4-S2> the production later moved to downtown wilmington, where filming took place in a house.
Question: Where did they film The Beach in the country where Beatrice Heuser was born?

<P0-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P0-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P1-S0> Controversy arose during the making of the film due to 20th Century Fox's bulldozing and landscaping of the natural beach setting of Ko Phi Phi Leh to make it more ``paradise - like ''. <P1-S1> The production altered some sand dunes and cleared some coconut trees and grass to widen the beach. <P1-S2> Fox set aside a fund to reconstruct and return the beach to its natural state; however, lawsuits were filed by environmentalists who believed the damage to the ecosystem was permanent and restoration attempts had failed. <P1-S3> Following shooting of the film, there was a clear flat area at one end of the beach that was created artificially with an odd layout of trees which was never rectified, and the entire area remained damaged from the original state until the tsunami of 2004. <SEP> <P2-S0> Beatrice Heuser (born 15 March 1961 in Bangkok), is an historian and political scientist. <P2-S1> She holds the chair of International Relations at the University of Glasgow. <SEP> <P3-S0> principal photography on the film began on october 13, 2014, in wilmington, north carolina, and lasted through november 21. for the first three days, the crew and extras filmed at the dockside restaurant & bar and bridge tender marina along with actors, near wrightsville beach. <P3-S1> on october 20, filming was taking place at hanover seaside club in wrightsville beach. <P3-S2> the production later moved to downtown wilmington, where filming took place in a house. <SEP> <P4-S0> the beaches of agnès () is a 2008 french documentary film directed by agnès varda. <P4-S1> the film is an autobiographical essay where varda revisits places from her past, reminisces about life and celebrates her 80th birthday on camera. <P4-S2> varda said it would most likely be her last film, but released the documentary faces places a decade later.
Question: Where did they film The Beach in the country where Siddhi Savetsila was born?

<P0-S0> sylvan beach union chapel is a historic interdenominational church building located at sylvan beach in oneida county, new york. <P0-S1> it opened on july 3, 1887 and worship services have been held there every summer since then. <P0-S2> the film "the sterile cuckoo" starring liza minnelli was shot in part at the church. <SEP> <P1-S0> ski party is a 1965 american sex comedy film directed by alan rafkin and starring frankie avalon and dwayne hickman. <P1-S1> it was released by american international pictures (aip). <P1-S2> "ski party" is considered as a beach party film spin-off, with a change of setting from the beach to the ski slopes – although the final scene places everyone back at the beach. <SEP> <P2-S0> Siddhi Savetsila was born in Bangkok. <P2-S1> He comes from an aristocratic background. <P2-S2> His father was a high-ranking official in the royal government. <P2-S3> His paternal grandfather was Henry Alabaster who was the British consul in Siam during the reign of King Rama IV (Mongkut) and then served as an advisor to King Rama V (Chulalongkorn). <P2-S4> His mother was an offspring of the influential Bunnag family, the daughter of Thet Bunnag (later Chao Phraya Suraphan Phisut), making him a direct descendant of Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Prayurawongse. <SEP> <P3-S0> Controversy arose during the making of the film due to 20th Century Fox's bulldozing and landscaping of the natural beach setting of Ko Phi Phi Leh to make it more ``paradise - like ''. <P3-S1> The production altered some sand dunes and cleared some coconut trees and grass to widen the beach. <P3-S2> Fox set aside a fund to reconstruct and return the beach to its natural state; however, lawsuits were filed by environmentalists who believed the damage to the ecosystem was permanent and restoration attempts had failed. <P3-S3> Following shooting of the film, there was a clear flat area at one end of the beach that was created artificially with an odd layout of trees which was never rectified, and the entire area remained damaged from the original state until the tsunami of 2004. <SEP> <P4-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P4-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok.
Question: What part of the country that includes the birth city of Beatrice Heuser was the film The Beach filmed?

<P0-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P0-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P1-S0> Beatrice Heuser (born 15 March 1961 in Bangkok), is an historian and political scientist. <P1-S1> She holds the chair of International Relations at the University of Glasgow. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Beach is a 2000 English - language drama film directed by Danny Boyle and based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Alex Garland, which was adapted for the film by John Hodge. <P2-S1> The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Tilda Swinton, Virginie Ledoyen, Guillaume Canet, and Robert Carlyle. <P2-S2> It was filmed on the Thai island Koh Phi Phi. <SEP> <P3-S0> dillon beach is a census-designated place (cdp) in marin county, california, united states. <P3-S1> dillon beach is located west of tomales, at an elevation of 89 feet (27 m). <P3-S2> the population was 283 at the 2010 census. <P3-S3> dillon beach was named after the founder, george dillon, who settled there in 1858. the area includes a public access beach, as well as a private beach resort, the only private beach in california. <SEP> <P4-S0> heuser nunatak () is a small nunatak that lies south of mount phelan and marks the southern extremity of the emlen peaks in the usarp mountains of victoria land, antarctica. <P4-S1> the nunatak was first mapped by the united states geological survey from surveys and u.s. navy air photos, 1959–64, and was named by the advisory committee on antarctic names for charles m. heuser, a former biological laboratory technician operating at mcmurdo station during 1966–67. <P4-S2> this topographical feature lies situated on the pennell coast, a portion of antarctica lying between cape williams and cape adare.
Question: Where in the country where Bodindecha was born was The Beach filmed?

<P0-S0> principal photography on the film began on october 13, 2014, in wilmington, north carolina, and lasted through november 21. for the first three days, the crew and extras filmed at the dockside restaurant & bar and bridge tender marina along with actors, near wrightsville beach. <P0-S1> on october 20, filming was taking place at hanover seaside club in wrightsville beach. <P0-S2> the production later moved to downtown wilmington, where filming took place in a house. <SEP> <P1-S0> principal photography took place in the united kingdom. <P1-S1> the beach scenes were predominantly filmed in pembrokeshire, on the marloes sands beach near the village of marloes between september 26 and 29, 2011. though the beach was not closed to the public during filming, as filming progressed, certain parts were advised to be off limits. <P1-S2> a computer - generated castle was set on nearby gateholm island. <P1-S3> a field above the beach was used for production purposes, and a special wooden ramp was built for vehicles and horses to access the beach. <P1-S4> the film used academic consultants from the university of chichester and the university of oxford for back - up research on fairy tales and medieval battles. <P1-S5> the english band florence and the machine recorded ``breath of life ''exclusively for the film, which was reportedly inspired by theron's character queen ravenna. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Beach is a 2000 English - language drama film directed by Danny Boyle and based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Alex Garland, which was adapted for the film by John Hodge. <P2-S1> The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio, Tilda Swinton, Virginie Ledoyen, Guillaume Canet, and Robert Carlyle. <P2-S2> It was filmed on the Thai island Koh Phi Phi. <SEP> <P3-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P3-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P4-S0> Chao Phraya Bodindecha (, , 1777–1849), personal name Sing Sinhaseni (), was one of the most prominent political and military figures of the early Bangkok Rattanakosin Kingdom. <P4-S1> Bodindecha was both a top military general () and Chief Minister in charge of civilian affairs as the "Akkhra Maha Senabodi" () of the "Samuha Nayok" ) during the reign of King Rama III. <P4-S2> He was known for putting down the Laotian Rebellion (1826–1828} (ปราบกบฎ) of Lord Anouvong of Vientiane (เจ้าอนุวงศ์ เวียงจันทน์) and for campaigns during the Siamese-Vietnamese Wars of 1831–1834 and 1841–1845.
Question: Where did they film The Beach in the country where Pao Sarasin was born?

<P0-S0> the beaches of agnès () is a 2008 french documentary film directed by agnès varda. <P0-S1> the film is an autobiographical essay where varda revisits places from her past, reminisces about life and celebrates her 80th birthday on camera. <P0-S2> varda said it would most likely be her last film, but released the documentary faces places a decade later. <SEP> <P1-S0> Pao Sarasin died at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok after a month-long hospitalization for a blood infection on March 7, 2013, at the age of 83. <P1-S1> A royal bathing rite ceremony for Sarasin was held at the Wat Benchamabophit with Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn in attendance representing the royal family. <P1-S2> He was survived by his wife, Thapuying Tawika Sarasin, and three sons, including Thai television host, Kanit Sarasin. <SEP> <P2-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P2-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P3-S0> principal photography on the film began on october 13, 2014, in wilmington, north carolina, and lasted through november 21. for the first three days, the crew and extras filmed at the dockside restaurant & bar and bridge tender marina along with actors, near wrightsville beach. <P3-S1> on october 20, filming was taking place at hanover seaside club in wrightsville beach. <P3-S2> the production later moved to downtown wilmington, where filming took place in a house. <SEP> <P4-S0> Controversy arose during the making of the film due to 20th Century Fox's bulldozing and landscaping of the natural beach setting of Ko Phi Phi Leh to make it more ``paradise - like ''. <P4-S1> The production altered some sand dunes and cleared some coconut trees and grass to widen the beach. <P4-S2> Fox set aside a fund to reconstruct and return the beach to its natural state; however, lawsuits were filed by environmentalists who believed the damage to the ecosystem was permanent and restoration attempts had failed. <P4-S3> Following shooting of the film, there was a clear flat area at one end of the beach that was created artificially with an odd layout of trees which was never rectified, and the entire area remained damaged from the original state until the tsunami of 2004.
Question: Where did they film The Beach in the country where Ercole Manfredi died?

<P0-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P0-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P1-S0> He made significant career progress through the court of King Vajiravudh, but left government office to work privately as the country was going through political change which abolished absolute monarchy and decreased government employment of foreigners. <P1-S1> However, by adopting a Thai identity and way of life, marrying a Thai woman and settling down permanently, Manfredi remained a relevant and respected figure in Thai architecture, and later became a lecturer at Chulalongkorn University. <P1-S2> His works include various royal residences and public institutions, ranging in style from Venetian Gothic to modernist, and incorporated Thai traditional styles as well. <P1-S3> He contributed to much of Bangkok's architectural heritage, but no complete records of his works were kept. <SEP> <P2-S0> Controversy arose during the making of the film due to 20th Century Fox's bulldozing and landscaping of the natural beach setting of Ko Phi Phi Leh to make it more ``paradise - like ''. <P2-S1> The production altered some sand dunes and cleared some coconut trees and grass to widen the beach. <P2-S2> Fox set aside a fund to reconstruct and return the beach to its natural state; however, lawsuits were filed by environmentalists who believed the damage to the ecosystem was permanent and restoration attempts had failed. <P2-S3> Following shooting of the film, there was a clear flat area at one end of the beach that was created artificially with an odd layout of trees which was never rectified, and the entire area remained damaged from the original state until the tsunami of 2004. <SEP> <P3-S0> maria landi (15?? <P3-S1> – 19 january 1599), was a consort of monaco by marriage to ercole grimaldi, lord of monaco. <SEP> <P4-S0> principal photography on the film began on october 13, 2014, in wilmington, north carolina, and lasted through november 21. for the first three days, the crew and extras filmed at the dockside restaurant & bar and bridge tender marina along with actors, near wrightsville beach. <P4-S1> on october 20, filming was taking place at hanover seaside club in wrightsville beach. <P4-S2> the production later moved to downtown wilmington, where filming took place in a house.
Question: What year did the country where Pao Sarasin was born form an alliance with Japan?

<P0-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P0-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Axis states which assisted Japan included the authoritarian government of Thailand in World War II, which quickly formed a temporary alliance with the Japanese in 1941, as the Japanese forces were already invading the peninsula of southern Thailand. <P1-S1> The Phayap Army sent troops to invade and occupy northeastern Burma, which was former Thai territory that had been annexed by Britain much earlier. <P1-S2> Also involved were the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and Mengjiang (consisting of most of Manchuria and parts of Inner Mongolia respectively), and the collaborationist Wang Jingwei regime (which controlled the coastal regions of China). <SEP> <P2-S0> nobukazu hirai (born december 30, 1969) is a japanese professional wrestler currently competing in all japan pro wrestling as super hate. <P2-S1> he is the son of former japan pro wrestling alliance wrestler mitsu hirai. <SEP> <P3-S0> the indian national army (ina; azad hind fauj / ˈɑːzɑːð ˈhinð ˈfɔːdʒ /; lit. <P3-S1> : free indian army) was an armed force formed by indian nationalists in 1942 in southeast asia during world war ii. <P3-S2> its aim was to secure indian independence from british rule. <P3-S3> it formed an alliance with imperial japan in the latter's campaign in the southeast asian theatre of wwii. <P3-S4> the army was first formed in 1942 under mohan singh, by indian pows of the british - indian army captured by japan in the malayan campaign and at singapore. <P3-S5> this first ina collapsed and was disbanded in december that year after differences between the ina leadership and the japanese military over its role in japan's war in asia. <P3-S6> it was revived under the leadership of subhas chandra bose after his arrival in southeast asia in 1943. the army was declared to be the army of bose's arzi hukumat - e-azad hind (the provisional government of free india). <P3-S7> under bose's leadership, the ina drew ex-prisoners and thousands of civilian volunteers from the indian expatriate population in malaya (present - day malaysia) and burma. <P3-S8> this second ina fought along with the imperial japanese army against the british and commonwealth forces in the campaigns in burma, in imphal and at kohima, and later against the successful burma campaign of the allies. <SEP> <P4-S0> Pao Sarasin died at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok after a month-long hospitalization for a blood infection on March 7, 2013, at the age of 83. <P4-S1> A royal bathing rite ceremony for Sarasin was held at the Wat Benchamabophit with Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn in attendance representing the royal family. <P4-S2> He was survived by his wife, Thapuying Tawika Sarasin, and three sons, including Thai television host, Kanit Sarasin.
Question: What year did the country where Siddhi Savetsila was born form an alliance with Japan?

<P0-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P0-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P1-S0> the jewish workers bund in poland was a short-lived alliance formed in january 1897, formed by the jewish section of the polish socialist party (consisting of ex-yeshiva students) and the vilna-based jewish social democratic group (which since the summer of 1895 had sent agitators to warsaw, including john mill, to establish their movement there). <P1-S1> but the alliance soon fell apart, as the pps jewish section accused the jewish social democrats of indifference to the polish national question. <P1-S2> the jewish social democrats founded the general jewish labour bund later the same year. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Axis states which assisted Japan included the authoritarian government of Thailand in World War II, which quickly formed a temporary alliance with the Japanese in 1941, as the Japanese forces were already invading the peninsula of southern Thailand. <P2-S1> The Phayap Army sent troops to invade and occupy northeastern Burma, which was former Thai territory that had been annexed by Britain much earlier. <P2-S2> Also involved were the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and Mengjiang (consisting of most of Manchuria and parts of Inner Mongolia respectively), and the collaborationist Wang Jingwei regime (which controlled the coastal regions of China). <SEP> <P3-S0> in september 1940, japan decided to cut china's only land line to the outside world by seizing indochina, which was controlled at the time by vichy france. <P3-S1> japanese forces broke their agreement with the vichy administration and fighting broke out, ending in a japanese victory. <P3-S2> on 27 september japan signed a military alliance with germany and italy, becoming one of the three axis powers. <P3-S3> in practice, there was little coordination between japan and germany until 1944, by which time the u.s. was deciphering their secret diplomatic correspondence. <SEP> <P4-S0> Siddhi Savetsila was born in Bangkok. <P4-S1> He comes from an aristocratic background. <P4-S2> His father was a high-ranking official in the royal government. <P4-S3> His paternal grandfather was Henry Alabaster who was the British consul in Siam during the reign of King Rama IV (Mongkut) and then served as an advisor to King Rama V (Chulalongkorn). <P4-S4> His mother was an offspring of the influential Bunnag family, the daughter of Thet Bunnag (later Chao Phraya Suraphan Phisut), making him a direct descendant of Somdet Chao Phraya Borom Maha Prayurawongse.
Question: What mountain can you see from Portland in the state where Knob Mountain is located?

<P0-S0> The Socialist Party of Oregon in Columbia County, Oregon began around the First Red Scare. <P0-S1> The first year (1914) it went mainstream, the Socialist party had 27 more registered members than the Prohibition Party, who were some members of the Suffrage movement. <P0-S2> The Socialist party was similar to the Progressive Party in the county, as it tried from the outskirts of government to make change. <P0-S3> While Socialism failed its first year, it still received attention from the press who was aware of the October Revolution (1918) in Russia (Now the Soviet Union) by a similarly named government led by Vladimir Lenin. <SEP> <P1-S0> the summit of the mountain is located within the act, and is the third highest mountain in the territory. <P1-S1> the act portion of the mountain is located in bimberi nature reserve and namadgi national park and the nsw portion in kosciuszko national park. <P1-S2> it is often climbed by bushwalkers from corin dam, as it is a few hours' hike. <P1-S3> the mountain is close to the ginini flats wetlands ramsar site. <SEP> <P2-S0> Knob Mountain (also known as Nob Mountain) is a ridge in the northeastern part of Columbia County, Pennsylvania and parts of Luzerne County, Pennsylvania. <P2-S1> Its elevation is over 1720 feet above sea level. <P2-S2> Knob Mountain can be seen from a considerable distance, and is also visible from Bloomsburg. <P2-S3> The peak of the mountain is one of the highest points in Columbia County. <SEP> <P3-S0> Though much of downtown Portland is relatively flat, the foothills of the Tualatin Mountains, more commonly referred to locally as the ``West Hills '', pierce through the northwest and southwest reaches of the city. <P3-S1> Council Crest Park, commonly thought of as the highest point within city limits, is in the West Hills and rises to an elevation of 1,073 feet (327 m) The city's actual high point is a little - known and infrequently accessed point (1,180 feet) near Forest Park. <P3-S2> The highest point east of the river is Mt. <P3-S3> Tabor, an extinct volcanic cinder cone, which rises to 636 feet (194 m). <P3-S4> Nearby Powell Butte and Rocky Butte rise to 614 feet (187 m) and 612 feet (187 m), respectively. <P3-S5> To the west of the Tualatin Mountains lies the Oregon Coast Range, and to the east lies the actively volcanic Cascade Range. <P3-S6> On clear days, Mt. <P3-S7> Hood and Mt. <P3-S8> St. Helens dominate the horizon, while Mt. <P3-S9> Adams and Mt. <P3-S10> Rainier can also be seen in the distance. <SEP> <P4-S0> the halleck range is a small mountain range in southeastern alaska, united states, located on the alaskan side of the portland canal. <P4-S1> it has an area of 127 km and is a subrange of the boundary ranges which in turn form part of the coast mountains. <P4-S2> the range is located within the misty fjords national monument.
Question: What year did the country where the place of birth of Beatrice Heuser is located form an alliance with Japan?

<P0-S0> the gorge of is a nationally designated place of scenic beauty spanning the municipalities of kusu and nakatsu in ōita prefecture, japan. <P0-S1> located within yaba-hita-hikosan quasi-national park, it was selected as one of the 100 landscapes of japan during the shōwa era. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P1-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P2-S0> Beatrice Heuser (born 15 March 1961 in Bangkok), is an historian and political scientist. <P2-S1> She holds the chair of International Relations at the University of Glasgow. <SEP> <P3-S0> 1. personally attend to any secretaría de relaciones exteriores (sre) delegation or sre affiliated office, with an appointment. <P3-S1> 2. fill with black ink, and by hand and in print the application for an ordinary passport book (form op - 5). <P3-S2> the application can be obtained for free at any of the branches of the sre or the office of state or municipal liaison sre. <P3-S3> 3. proof of mexican nationality by presenting an original and a photocopy of any of the following documents: a) certified copy of birth certificate issued by the mexican civil registry office. <P3-S4> birth registration should not be time - barred (must have occurred within the first three years of life), if exceeded temporality, see section ``additional documentation for birth certificates with untimely registration ''; b) certified copy of birth certificate issued by a consular office abroad *. <P3-S5> c) certificate * copy of mexican nationality; d) declaration of mexican nationality by birth *; e) naturalization certificate *, and f) certificate of citizenship identity issued by the secretary of the interior <SEP> <P4-S0> The Axis states which assisted Japan included the authoritarian government of Thailand in World War II, which quickly formed a temporary alliance with the Japanese in 1941, as the Japanese forces were already invading the peninsula of southern Thailand. <P4-S1> The Phayap Army sent troops to invade and occupy northeastern Burma, which was former Thai territory that had been annexed by Britain much earlier. <P4-S2> Also involved were the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and Mengjiang (consisting of most of Manchuria and parts of Inner Mongolia respectively), and the collaborationist Wang Jingwei regime (which controlled the coastal regions of China).
Question: What year did the country where Ercole Manfredi was born form an alliance with Japan?

<P0-S0> maria landi (15?? <P0-S1> – 19 january 1599), was a consort of monaco by marriage to ercole grimaldi, lord of monaco. <SEP> <P1-S0> He made significant career progress through the court of King Vajiravudh, but left government office to work privately as the country was going through political change which abolished absolute monarchy and decreased government employment of foreigners. <P1-S1> However, by adopting a Thai identity and way of life, marrying a Thai woman and settling down permanently, Manfredi remained a relevant and respected figure in Thai architecture, and later became a lecturer at Chulalongkorn University. <P1-S2> His works include various royal residences and public institutions, ranging in style from Venetian Gothic to modernist, and incorporated Thai traditional styles as well. <P1-S3> He contributed to much of Bangkok's architectural heritage, but no complete records of his works were kept. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Axis states which assisted Japan included the authoritarian government of Thailand in World War II, which quickly formed a temporary alliance with the Japanese in 1941, as the Japanese forces were already invading the peninsula of southern Thailand. <P2-S1> The Phayap Army sent troops to invade and occupy northeastern Burma, which was former Thai territory that had been annexed by Britain much earlier. <P2-S2> Also involved were the Japanese puppet states of Manchukuo and Mengjiang (consisting of most of Manchuria and parts of Inner Mongolia respectively), and the collaborationist Wang Jingwei regime (which controlled the coastal regions of China). <SEP> <P3-S0> since the death of 117 - year - old nabi tajima of japan on 21 april 2018, 117 - year - old chiyo miyako of japan, born 2 may 1901, is the oldest living person in the world whose age has been documented. <P3-S1> since the death of 113 - year - old francisco núñez olivera of spain on 29 january 2018, 112 - year - old masazō nonaka of japan, born 25 july 1905, is the world's oldest living man. <SEP> <P4-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P4-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok.
Question: What does the U.S. believe caused the country Beatrice Heuser was born to help Japan?

<P0-S0> the u.s. constitution uses but does not define the phrase ``natural born citizen '', and various opinions have been offered over time regarding its precise meaning. <P0-S1> the consensus of early 21st - century constitutional scholars, together with relevant case law, is that natural - born citizens include, subject to exceptions, those born in the united states. <P0-S2> many scholars have also concluded that those who meet the legal requirements for u.s. citizenship`` at the moment of birth'', regardless of place of birth, are also natural - born citizens. <P0-S3> every president to date was either a citizen at the adoption of the constitution in 1789 or was born in the united states; of these there have been seven that had at least one parent who was not born on u.s. soil. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P1-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P2-S0> Beatrice Heuser (born 15 March 1961 in Bangkok), is an historian and political scientist. <P2-S1> She holds the chair of International Relations at the University of Glasgow. <SEP> <P3-S0> The official policy of the U.S. Government is that Thailand was not an ally of the Axis, and that the United States was not at war with Thailand. <P3-S1> The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japanese blackmail, before being occupied by Japanese troops. <P3-S2> Thailand has been treated by the United States in the same way as such other Axis-occupied countries as Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Greece, Norway, Poland, and the Netherlands. <SEP> <P4-S0> beatrice was a carthusian nun who founded a settlement of the order at eymieux in the department of drôme. <P4-S1> according to her "vita", written by marguerite of oingt, she was especially devoted to the passion of christ and is said to have driven a nail through her left hand to help herself to realize the sufferings of the crucifixion.
Question: What mountains can you see from Portland, in the state containing the county where Lorenz Park is located?

<P0-S0> Lorenz Park is a census-designated place (CDP) in Columbia County, New York, United States. <P0-S1> The population was 2,053 at the 2010 census. <SEP> <P1-S0> the following is a list of territories where english is an official language, that is, a language used in citizen interactions with government officials. <P1-S1> in 2015, there were 54 sovereign states and 27 non-sovereign entities where english was an official language. <P1-S2> many country subdivisions have declared english an official language at the local or regional level. <SEP> <P2-S0> Though much of downtown Portland is relatively flat, the foothills of the Tualatin Mountains, more commonly referred to locally as the ``West Hills '', pierce through the northwest and southwest reaches of the city. <P2-S1> Council Crest Park, commonly thought of as the highest point within city limits, is in the West Hills and rises to an elevation of 1,073 feet (327 m) The city's actual high point is a little - known and infrequently accessed point (1,180 feet) near Forest Park. <P2-S2> The highest point east of the river is Mt. <P2-S3> Tabor, an extinct volcanic cinder cone, which rises to 636 feet (194 m). <P2-S4> Nearby Powell Butte and Rocky Butte rise to 614 feet (187 m) and 612 feet (187 m), respectively. <P2-S5> To the west of the Tualatin Mountains lies the Oregon Coast Range, and to the east lies the actively volcanic Cascade Range. <P2-S6> On clear days, Mt. <P2-S7> Hood and Mt. <P2-S8> St. Helens dominate the horizon, while Mt. <P2-S9> Adams and Mt. <P2-S10> Rainier can also be seen in the distance. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Socialist Party of Oregon in Columbia County, Oregon began around the First Red Scare. <P3-S1> The first year (1914) it went mainstream, the Socialist party had 27 more registered members than the Prohibition Party, who were some members of the Suffrage movement. <P3-S2> The Socialist party was similar to the Progressive Party in the county, as it tried from the outskirts of government to make change. <P3-S3> While Socialism failed its first year, it still received attention from the press who was aware of the October Revolution (1918) in Russia (Now the Soviet Union) by a similarly named government led by Vladimir Lenin. <SEP> <P4-S0> belprahon is a municipality in the jura bernois administrative district in the canton of bern in switzerland. <P4-S1> it is located in the french-speaking part of the canton in the jura mountains.
Question: What does the US believe caused the country where Ercole Manfredi died to help Japan?

<P0-S0> He made significant career progress through the court of King Vajiravudh, but left government office to work privately as the country was going through political change which abolished absolute monarchy and decreased government employment of foreigners. <P0-S1> However, by adopting a Thai identity and way of life, marrying a Thai woman and settling down permanently, Manfredi remained a relevant and respected figure in Thai architecture, and later became a lecturer at Chulalongkorn University. <P0-S2> His works include various royal residences and public institutions, ranging in style from Venetian Gothic to modernist, and incorporated Thai traditional styles as well. <P0-S3> He contributed to much of Bangkok's architectural heritage, but no complete records of his works were kept. <SEP> <P1-S0> The official policy of the U.S. Government is that Thailand was not an ally of the Axis, and that the United States was not at war with Thailand. <P1-S1> The policy of the U.S. Government ever since 1945 has been to treat Thailand not as a former enemy, but rather as a country which had been forced into certain actions by Japanese blackmail, before being occupied by Japanese troops. <P1-S2> Thailand has been treated by the United States in the same way as such other Axis-occupied countries as Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Greece, Norway, Poland, and the Netherlands. <SEP> <P2-S0> various theories for the decline of the native american populations emphasize epidemic diseases, conflicts with europeans, and conflicts among warring tribes. <P2-S1> scholars now believe that, among the various contributing factors, epidemic disease was the overwhelming cause of the population decline of the american natives. <P2-S2> some believe that after first contacts with europeans and africans, old world diseases caused the death of 90 to 95% of the native population of the new world in the following 150 years. <P2-S3> smallpox killed up to one third of the native population of hispaniola in 1518. by killing the incan ruler huayna capac, smallpox caused the inca civil war. <P2-S4> smallpox was only the first epidemic. <P2-S5> typhus (probably) in 1546, influenza and smallpox together in 1558, smallpox again in 1589, diphtheria in 1614, measles in 1618—all ravaged the remains of inca culture. <SEP> <P3-S0> Bang Bon (Thai: บางบอน, pronounced [bāːŋ bɔ̄ːn]) is one of the 50 districts (khet) of Bangkok, Thailand. <P3-S1> Its neighbours, clockwise from north, are Bang Khae, Phasi Charoen, Chom Thong, and Bang Khun Thian districts of Bangkok, Mueang Samut Sakhon District and Krathum Baen District of Samut Sakhon Province, and Nong Khaem District of Bangkok. <SEP> <P4-S0> maria landi (15?? <P4-S1> – 19 january 1599), was a consort of monaco by marriage to ercole grimaldi, lord of monaco.