Question: What region is directly north of where Israel and the final destination of export crops is?

<P0-S0> Israel (/ ˈɪzreɪəl /; Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל ‎, Arabic: إِسْرَائِيل ‎), officially the State of Israel (Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל ‎, Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل ‎), is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. <P0-S1> It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. <P0-S2> The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. <P0-S3> Israel's economy and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over East Jerusalem is not recognised internationally. <P0-S4> The population of Israel was estimated in 2017 to be 8,777,580 people, of whom 74.7% were Jewish, 20.8% Arab and 4.5% others. <SEP> <P1-S0> the finger lakes is a group of 11 long, narrow, roughly north -- south lakes in a region called the finger lakes region in central new york, in the united states. <P1-S1> this region is defined as a bioregion and is a popular tourist destination. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country situated in Southwest Asia, the largest country of Arabia, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen. <P2-S1> Its extensive coastlines on the Persian Gulf and Red Sea provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and Suez Canal. <P2-S2> The kingdom occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula. <P2-S3> Most of the country's boundaries with the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Oman, and the Republic of Yemen (formerly two separate countries: the Yemen Arab Republic or North Yemen; and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen or South Yemen) are undefined, so the exact size of the country remains unknown. <P2-S4> The Saudi government estimate is at 2,217,949 square kilometres, while other reputable estimates vary between 2,149,690 and 2,240,000 sq. <P2-S5> kilometres. <P2-S6> Less than 1% of the total area is suitable for cultivation, and in the early 1990s, population distribution varied greatly among the towns of the eastern and western coastal areas, the densely populated interior oases, and the vast, almost empty deserts. <SEP> <P3-S0> successful cultivation of cotton requires a long frost-free period, plenty of sunshine, and a moderate rainfall, usually from 600 to 1,200 mm (24 to 47 in). <P3-S1> soils usually need to be fairly heavy, although the level of nutrients does not need to be exceptional. <P3-S2> in general, these conditions are met within the seasonally dry tropics and subtropics in the northern and southern hemispheres, but a large proportion of the cotton grown today is cultivated in areas with less rainfall that obtain the water from irrigation. <P3-S3> production of the crop for a given year usually starts soon after harvesting the preceding autumn. <P3-S4> cotton is naturally a perennial but is grown as an annual to help control pests. <P3-S5> planting time in spring in the northern hemisphere varies from the beginning of february to the beginning of june. <P3-S6> the area of the united states known as the south plains is the largest contiguous cotton-growing region in the world. <P3-S7> while dryland (non-irrigated) cotton is successfully grown in this region, consistent yields are only produced with heavy reliance on irrigation water drawn from the ogallala aquifer. <P3-S8> since cotton is somewhat salt and drought tolerant, this makes it an attractive crop for arid and semiarid regions. <P3-S9> as water resources get tighter around the world, economies that rely on it face difficulties and conflict, as well as potential environmental problems. <P3-S10> for example, improper cropping and irrigation practices have led to desertification in areas of uzbekistan, where cotton is a major export. <P3-S11> in the days of the soviet union, the aral sea was tapped for agricultural irrigation, largely of cotton, and now salination is widespread. <SEP> <P4-S0> Shiraz is the economic center of southern Iran. <P4-S1> The second half of the 19th century witnessed certain economic developments that greatly changed the economy of Shiraz. <P4-S2> The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 allowed the extensive import into southern Iran of inexpensive European factory-made goods, either directly from Europe or via India. <P4-S3> Farmers in unprecedented numbers began planting cash crops such as opium poppy, tobacco, and cotton. <P4-S4> Many of these export crops passed through Shiraz on their way to the Persian Gulf. <P4-S5> Iranian long-distance merchants from Fars developed marketing networks for these commodities, establishing trading houses in Bombay, Calcutta, Port Said, Istanbul and even Hong Kong.Shiraz's economic base is in its provincial products, which include grapes, citrus fruits, cotton and rice. <P4-S6> Industries such as cement production, sugar, fertilizers, textile products, wood products, metalwork and rugs dominate. <P4-S7> Shirāz also has a major oil refinery and is also a major center for Iran's electronic industries. <P4-S8> 53% of Iran's electronic investment has been centered in Shiraz.