winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Quarto and Monopoly are both what?

<P0-S0> Quarto is a board game for two players invented by Swiss mathematician Blaise Müller in 1991. <P0-S1>  It is published and copyrighted by Gigamic. <SEP> <P1-S0> Monopoly is a board game where players roll two six-sided dice to move around the game-board buying and trading properties, and then develop them with houses and hotels. <P1-S1>  Players collect rent from their opponents, with the goal being to drive them all into bankruptcy. <P1-S2>  Money can also be gained or lost through Chance and Community Chest cards, and tax squares; players can end up in jail, which they cannot move from until they have met one of several conditions. <P1-S3>  The game has numerous house rules and hundreds of different editions exist, in addition to many spin-offs and related media; "Monopoly" has become a part of popular world culture, having been locally licensed in more than 103 countries and printed in more than thirty-seven languages. <SEP> <P2-S0> A land monopoly occurs when an entity or a class is able to corner the market on land. <P2-S1>  According to Winston Churchill, "Land monopoly is not the only monopoly, but it is by far the greatest of monopolies – it is a perpetual monopoly, and it is the mother of all other forms of monopoly." <P2-S2>  According to anarcho-capitalist Murray Rothbard, "Land monopoly is far more widespread in the modern world than most people – especially most Americans – believe. <P2-S3>  In the undeveloped world, especially in Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America, feudal landholding is a crucial social and economic problem – with or without quasi-serf impositions on the persons of the peasantry." <P2-S4>  Mutualist Benjamin Tucker classified, as one of the four forms of monopoly, the state's enforcement of "land titles which do not rest upon personal occupancy and cultivation." <SEP> <P3-S0> A legal monopoly, statutory monopoly, or "de jure" monopoly is a monopoly that is protected by law from competition. <P3-S1>  A statutory monopoly may take the form of a government monopoly where the state owns the particular means of production or government-granted monopoly where a private interest is protected from competition such as being granted exclusive rights to offer a particular service in a specific region (e.g. patented inventions) while agreeing to have their policies and prices regulated. <P3-S2>  This type of monopoly is usually contrasted with ""de facto" monopoly" which is a broad category for monopolies that are not created by government.
Question: The county in Kentucky containing Peytona had how many people in its population in the 2010 census?

<P0-S0> Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. <P0-S1>  As of the 2010 census, the population was 42,074. <P0-S2>  The county seat is Shelbyville. <P0-S3>  The county was founded in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky. <SEP> <P1-S0> New Baltimore is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in eastern Fauquier County, Virginia, United States. <P1-S1>  The population as of the 2010 census was 8,119. <P1-S2>  The community has existed since the early 19th century, but it has had its most significant growth since the 1980s. <P1-S3>  It is the portion of Fauquier County with the easiest access to Washington, D.C., and as a result, many people who live in New Baltimore commute into DC. <P1-S4>  Other major communities close to New Baltimore are Warrenton, Gainesville/Haymarket area, and Manassas. <P1-S5>  The area officially considered to be New Baltimore expanded significantly in 2006 with Fauquier County's designation of service districts, of which New Baltimore is one. <P1-S6>  The service district designation provides added access to utilities such as water and sewer, and targets the area for growth. <SEP> <P2-S0> London is a home rule-class city in Laurel County, Kentucky, in the United States. <P2-S1>  It is the seat of its county. <P2-S2>  The population was 7,993 at the time of the 2010 U.S. census. <P2-S3>  London, Kentucky, is the second-largest city named London in the United States and the fourth-largest in the world. <P2-S4>  It is part of the London, Kentucky micropolitan area. <P2-S5>  Of the seventeen micropolitan areas in Kentucky, London is the largest; the London micropolitan area's 2010 Census population was 126,369. <P2-S6>  London is also home to the annual World Chicken Festival that celebrates the life of Colonel Sanders and features the world's largest skillet. <SEP> <P3-S0> Peytona is an unincorporated community within Shelby County, Kentucky, United States. <P3-S1>  Its post office is closed.
Question: John Maier is brewmaster for what Ashland, Oregon brewery?

<P0-S0> Rogue Ales Beard Beer is an American wild ale brewed by Rogue Ales of Newport, Oregon using wild yeast originally cultured from nine beard hairs belonging to Rogue Ales' brewmaster, John Maier. <SEP> <P1-S0> Rogue Ales is a brewery founded in 1988 in Ashland, Oregon, United States. <P1-S1>  The following year the company opened their second brewpub in Newport, Oregon where they are now headquartered. <P1-S2>  They operate brewpubs in Oregon, Washington, and California. <P1-S3>  Rogue exports throughout the US and internationally. <SEP> <P2-S0> Hibernia Brewing Ltd. was an American brewery company, the successor firm to the Walter Brewing Company, located in Eau Claire, Wisconsin. <P2-S1>  Under the leadership of Michael Healy, president and chief stockholder of Hibernia, the brewery introduced several specialty brews considered innovative for their time and became one of the first producers in the American Midwest of what now are considered to be craft beers and ales. <P2-S2>  At its peak, Hibernia produced over 30,000 barrels of beer per year, employed about 50 workers, and had a market range that included Minneapolis–Saint Paul, St. Louis, Missouri, and Omaha, Nebraska, with success also in Denver and Boulder, Colorado to the west and south; and Chicago, Milwaukee, and suburban Cleveland, Ohio to the east. <P2-S3>  The brewery quickly earned a reputation for quality products, aided by the receipt of a second place award for its Hibernia Dunkel Weizen in the Great American Beer Festival of 1985. <P2-S4>  However, the release of underpasteurized beer to new markets was an economic disaster. <P2-S5>  Although the brewmaster and assistant brewmaster were fired immediately and insurance covered the recall, it was impossible to get the consumer to give them a second chance. <P2-S6>  This combined with increasing competition from the growing number of companies passing themselves off as brewers, when in fact they were sales/marketing entities that outsourced the manufacturing of their beers. <SEP> <P3-S0> South Shore Brewery is a regional craft brewery in Ashland, Wisconsin, USA. <P3-S1>  It was founded in 1995 and owned by brewmaster Bo Bélanger. <P3-S2>  The brewery was the seventh licensed microbrewery in the state of Wisconsin, and became northern Wisconsin's first modern micro-brewery. <P3-S3>  South Shore produces an assortment of beers, many of which are seasonal.
Question: What crossover hit was a song by the American Industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails?

<P0-S0> The Downward Spiral is the second studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released on March 8, 1994, by Nothing Records and Interscope Records in the United States and by Island Records in Europe. <P0-S1>  It is a concept album detailing the destruction of a man from the beginning of his "downward spiral" to his attempt at suicide. <P0-S2>  "The Downward Spiral" features elements of industrial rock, techno and heavy metal music, in contrast to the band's synthpop-influenced debut album "Pretty Hate Machine" (1989), and was produced by Nine Inch Nails frontman Trent Reznor and Flood. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Closer" is a song by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails from their second studio album, "The Downward Spiral" (1994). <P1-S1>  It was released on May 30, 1994 as the album's second single. <P1-S2>  Most versions of the single are titled "Closer to God", a rare example in music of a single's title differing from the title of its A-side. <P1-S3>  ("Closer to God" is also the title of an alternate version of "Closer" featured on the single.) <P1-S4>  Labeled "Halo 9", the single is the ninth official NIN release. <SEP> <P2-S0> "The Hand That Feeds" is a song by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails, released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, "With Teeth" (2005). <P2-S1>  It is the highest charting song by Nine Inch Nails on all charts except for US Modern Rock Tracks, where it stayed at number one for five weeks, because the single that followed, "Only", stayed at number one for two more weeks (non-consecutively), and the "Billboard" Hot 100 peaking at number 31, bested only by the group's 1999 single "The Day the World Went Away", which peaked at number 17 but did not chart anywhere else in the US and never had any popular success, making it one of their less popular singles. <P2-S2>  It is, to date, Nine Inch Nails' only single to hit the top 10 of the UK Singles Chart, as well as their highest-charting single on the US Mainstream Rock Tracks chart, peaking at number two. <P2-S3>  It was also a crossover hit, crossing over to pop radio as their first top 40 radio hit since "Closer" and "Hurt" in 1994 and 1995, respectively, peaking at number 31 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Only" is a song by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails. <P3-S1>  It was released as the second single from Nine Inch Nails' fourth album, "With Teeth". <P3-S2>  "Only" reached number one on the "Billboard" Modern Rock chart, where it stayed for seven weeks. <P3-S3>  It is the second successful release that Nine Inch Nails has had in the UK, peaking at number 20.
Question: Do both Nertera and some Agave grow in South America?

<P0-S0> Nothrotherium is an extinct genus of medium-sized ground sloth from South America (Bolivia, Brazil and the Ware Formation, La Guajira, Colombia). <P0-S1>  It differs from "Nothrotheriops" in smaller size and differences in skull and hind leg bones, but both genera can be traced back to "Hapolops", the genus which both evolved from in different ecological conditions. <P0-S2>  This genus formerly included the species "Nothrotheriops shastensis", which was later moved to "Nothrotheriops". <P0-S3>  These browsing ground sloths consumed roots, stems, seeds, and leaves of various desert plants, such as the yucca and agave. <SEP> <P1-S0> Agave americana, common names sentry plant, century plant, maguey or American aloe, is a species of flowering plant in the family Agavaceae, native to Mexico, and the United States in New Mexico, Arizona and Texas. <P1-S1>  Today, it is cultivated worldwide as an ornamental plant. <P1-S2>  It has become naturalized in many regions, including the West Indies, parts of South America, the southern Mediterranean Basin, and parts of Africa, India, China, Thailand, and Australia. <SEP> <P2-S0> Agave (US: , UK: , , Anglo-Hispanic: ) is a genus of monocots native to the hot and arid regions of Mexico and the Southwestern United States. <P2-S1>  Some agave species are also native to tropical areas of South America. <P2-S2>  The plants are perennial, but each rosette flowers once and then dies (see semelparity). <P2-S3>  Some species are known by the name "century plant". <SEP> <P3-S0> Nertera is a genus of about 15 species of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae, native to the Southern Hemisphere, in South America and Australasia, with one species extending into the Northern Hemisphere in Central America, eastern Asia, and Hawaii. <P3-S1>  The name derives from the Greek word "nerteros", meaning low down. <P3-S2>  Common names include pincushion, coral bead or bead plant. <P3-S3>  They are prostrate, creeping, mat-forming herbaceous perennial plants growing to 20 - across or more but no more than a few centimetres high. <P3-S4>  The leaves are usually quite small, and when crushed may in some species release a foul smell (methanethiol) like the related woody genus "Coprosma". <P3-S5>  The flowers are insignificant and probably wind-pollinated. <P3-S6>  The fruit is usually a bright orange berry, but in some species may be a dry capsule.
Question: What is the name of the Renaissance masterpiece recreated numerous times in plaster, imitation marble, fiberglass, snow and other materials?

<P0-S0> David (] ) is a masterpiece of Renaissance sculpture created between 1501 and 1504 by Michelangelo. <SEP> <P1-S0> Replicas of Michelangelo's "David" have been made numerous times, in plaster, imitation marble, fibreglass, snow, and other materials. <P1-S1>  There are many full-sized replicas of the statue around the world, perhaps the most prominent being the one in the original's position in the Piazza della Signoria in Florence, Italy, placed there in 1910. <P1-S2>  The original sculpture was moved indoors in 1873 to the Accademia Gallery in Florence, where it attracts many visitors. <P1-S3>  Others were made for study at art academies in the late nineteenth century and later, while the statue has also been replicated for various commercial reasons or as artistic statements in their own right. <P1-S4>  Smaller replicas are often considered kitsch. <SEP> <P2-S0> The History of the True Cross or The Legend of the True Cross is a sequence of frescoes painted by Piero della Francesca in the Basilica of San Francesco in Arezzo. <P2-S1>  It is his largest work, and generally considered one of his finest, and an early Renaissance masterpiece. <SEP> <P3-S0> Dame Lorraine (Trinidad and Tobago) or Mother Sally (Barbados) is a Carnival character. <P3-S1>  She is characterized as a voluptuously large woman who wears a long dress and dances in the mas. <P3-S2>  According to the Trinidad and Tobago National Library, the character is "imitative of the mas played by the 18th and early 19th century French planters, who would dress up in elegant costumes of the French aristocracy and parade in groups at private homes, particularly on Carnival Sunday night. <P3-S3>  They also performed the sophisticated dances of the period. <P3-S4>  The liberated slaves recreated these costumes – complete with elaborate fans and hats – in their own fashion, using materials that were readily available, such as assorted rags and imitation jewellery-type items, but emphasizing and exaggerating the physical characteristics, and dancing to small bandol and cuatro bands. <P3-S5>  they also put pillows or stuffings to make their behind and bosoms bigger". <P3-S6>  Whereas in the past it was mainly men who dressed as the Dame Lorraine character, lately more women portray the character.
Question: What Washington county is the home port of Patrol Squadron One in?

<P0-S0> VP-68 was a Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy Reserve. <P0-S1>  The squadron was established on 1 November 1970 at NAS Patuxent River, Maryland. <P0-S2>  Its home port moved to Naval Air Facility Washington in 1985. <P0-S3>  The squadron was disestablished on 16 January 1997, after 26 years of service. <P0-S4>  Its nickname was the "Blackhawks" from 1972 onward. <P0-S5>  Elements of the squadron made 28 major overseas deployments. <SEP> <P1-S0> Patrol Squadron One (VP-1), established 15 February 1943, is an active aviation squadron of the United States Navy operating the P-3C Orion aircraft from its home port at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington, United States. <P1-S1>  The squadron is known by its nickname "Screaming Eagles", adopted in 1985 replacing its previous nickname "Fleet's Finest". <P1-S2>  The squadron went by the call sign "BACKDOOR" during the 1960s and 1970s. <SEP> <P2-S0> Naval Air Station Whidbey Island (NASWI) (IATA: NUW, ICAO: KNUW, FAA LID: NUW) is a naval air station of the United States Navy located on two pieces of land near Oak Harbor, on Whidbey Island, in Island County, Washington. <SEP> <P3-S0> Lake Elmo Airport (FAA LID: 21D) is a public airport located just outside the city of Lake Elmo in Washington County, Minnesota, about 12 miles east of the central business district (CBD) of St. Paul. <P3-S1>  The airport covers 640 acre and has two runways. <P3-S2>  There are 74,227 takeoffs and landings annually and 194 aircraft are based at the facility. <P3-S3>  It is also home to a Civil Air Patrol squadron.
Question: Which actress who won an Oscar for portraying Fania Borach in the 1964 musical "Funny Girl", was also noted for winning ten Grammy Awards?

<P0-S0> Barbara Joan "Barbra" Streisand ( ; born April 24, 1942) is an American singer, songwriter, actress, and filmmaker. <P0-S1>  In a career spanning six decades, she has achieved success in multiple fields of entertainment and has been recognized with two Academy Awards, ten Grammy Awards including the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and the Grammy Legend Award, five Emmy Awards including one Daytime Emmy, a Special Tony Award, an American Film Institute award, a Kennedy Center Honors prize, four Peabody Awards, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and nine Golden Globes. <P0-S2>  She is among a small group of entertainers who have been honored with an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award, and is one of only two artists in that group who have also won a Peabody. <SEP> <P1-S0> Priscilla Marie Winans Love known professionally as CeCe Winans (born October 8, 1964) is an American gospel singer, who has sold over 12 million records worldwide and won ten Grammy Awards. <P1-S1>  She is the best-selling female gospel artist of all time, as of 2015. <SEP> <P2-S0> Milton Rosenstock (June 9, 1917, New Haven, Connecticut - April 24, 1992, New York City) was an American conductor, composer, and arranger. <P2-S1>  Trained at the Juilliard School, he was highly active as a musical director for Broadway musicals from 1942 through 1980; serving in that capacity for 29 productions, including the original productions of "Gentlemen Prefer Blondes" (1949), "Can-Can" (1953), "Bells Are Ringing" (1956), "Stop the World – I Want to Get Off" (1962), "Oliver! <P2-S2> " (1963), "Funny Girl" (1964), and "A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum" (1972). <P2-S3>  He also composed the music for the 1973 revue "Nash at Nine" and worked as musical supervisor for the 1989 production of "Meet Me in St. Louis"; the latter of which was his last project on Broadway. <P2-S4>  In 1948 he won the Tony Award for Best Conductor and Musical Director for "Finian's Rainbow". <P2-S5>  He was nominated twice more for that award: for "The Vamp" (1956) and the original Broadway production of "" (1960). <P2-S6>  He served as the music director of the Lyric Chamber Theater during the 1960s and was the music director of the American Ballet Theatre during the late 1960s. <P2-S7>  From 1981 until his death eleven years later of heart disease he was principal conductor of the Dance Theater of Harlem. <SEP> <P3-S0> Fania Borach (October 29, 1891 – May 29, 1951), known professionally as Fanny Brice, was an American illustrated song model, comedian, singer, theater and film actress who made many stage, radio and film appearances and is known as the creator and star of the top-rated radio comedy series "The Baby Snooks Show". <P3-S1>  Thirteen years after her death, she was portrayed on the Broadway stage by Barbra Streisand in the 1964 musical" Funny Girl" and its 1968 film adaptation, for which Streisand won an Oscar.
Question:  Ina Anita Carter (March 31, 1933 – July 29, 1999), the youngest daughter of Ezra and Mother Maybelle Carter, was a versatile American singer, splayed upright bass with her sisters Helen Carter and June Carter Cash as The Carter Sisters, were an American singing quartet consisting of who, and her daughters ?

<P0-S0> Ina Anita Carter (March 31, 1933 – July 29, 1999), the youngest daughter of Ezra and Mother Maybelle Carter, was a versatile American singer who experimented with several different types of music and played upright bass with her sisters Helen Carter and June Carter Cash as The Carter Sisters. <P0-S1>  The trio joined the "Grand Ole Opry" radio show in 1950 (Anita was 17 years old at the time), opened shows for Elvis Presley, and joined "The Johnny Cash Show" in 1971. <P0-S2>  As a solo artist, and with her family, Carter recorded for a number of labels including RCA Victor, Cadence, Columbia, Audiograph, United Artists, Liberty and Capitol. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Mother" Maybelle Carter (May 10, 1909 – October 23, 1978) was an American country musician. <P1-S1>  She is best known as a member of the historic Carter Family act in the 1920s and 1930s and also as a member of Mother Maybelle and the Carter Sisters. <SEP> <P2-S0> Helen Myrl Carter (September 19, 1927 – June 2, 1998) was an American country music singer. <P2-S1>  The eldest daughter of Maybelle Carter, she performed with her mother and her younger sisters, June Carter and Anita Carter, as a member of "Mother Maybelle and the Carter Sisters", a pioneering all female country/folk music group. <P2-S2>  The group was also known as The Carter Family. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Carter Sisters, (also known as the second version of The Carter Family) were an American singing quartet consisting of Maybelle Carter and her daughters June Carter Cash, Helen Carter, and Anita Carter. <P3-S1>  Formed during World War II, the group recorded and performed into the 1990s.
Question: Are both Dodecatheon and Bloomeria native to North America?

<P0-S0> Cakile is a genus within the flowering plant family Brassicaceae. <P0-S1>  Species in this genus are commonly known as searockets, though this name on its own is applied particularly to whatever member of the species is native or most common in the region concerned, the European searocket "Cakile maritima" in Europe, and the American searocket "C. edentula" in North America. <P0-S2>  The genus is native to Europe, Asia and North America, but the European searocket has been introduced into North America and has spread widely on both east and west coasts; in many places it is replacing the native "C. edentula", and is regarded as an undesirable invasive species. <SEP> <P1-S0> Agrilus planipennis, commonly known as the emerald ash borer, is a green buprestid or jewel beetle native to northeastern Asia that feeds on ash species. <P1-S1>  Females lay eggs in bark crevices on ash trees, and larvae feed underneath the bark of ash trees to emerge as adults in one to two years. <P1-S2>  In its native range, it is typically found at low densities and does not cause significant damage to trees native to the area. <P1-S3>  Outside its native range, it is an invasive species and is highly destructive to ash trees native to northwest Europe and North America. <P1-S4>  Prior to being found in North America, very little was known about emerald ash borer in its native range; this has resulted in much of the research on its biology being focused in North America. <P1-S5>  Local governments in North America are attempting to control it by monitoring its spread, diversifying tree species, insecticides, and biological control. <SEP> <P2-S0> Bloomeria, a geophyte in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Brodiaeoideae, was named for Hiram Green Bloomer (1819–1874) an early San Francisco botanist. <P2-S1>  It consists of three species native to California and Baja California: <SEP> <P3-S0> Dodecatheon is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. <P3-S1>  The species have basal clumps of leaves and nodding flowers that are produced at the top of tall stems rising from where the leaves join the crown. <P3-S2>  The genus is largely confined to North America and part of northeastern Siberia. <P3-S3>  Common names include shooting star, American cowslip, mosquito bills, mad violets, and sailor caps. <P3-S4>  A few species are grown in gardens for their showy and unique flower display.
Question: Do Owen Davidson and Horia Tecău play the same sport?

<P0-S0> Jarmila Gajdošová and Matthew Ebden were the defending champions, but they lost in the semifinals to Sania Mirza and Horia Tecău. <P0-S1> <br> Kristina Mladenovic and Daniel Nestor won the title, defeating Mirza and Tecău in the final, 6–3, 6–2. <SEP> <P1-S0> Yves Allegro and Horia Tecău were the defending champions, however Tecău chose to not participate. <SEP> <P2-S0> Owen Keir Davidson (born 4 October 1943) is a former professional tennis player of the 1960s and 1970s. <SEP> <P3-S0> Horia Tecău (] ; born January 19, 1985) is a Romanian tennis player currently ranked World No. 9 in doubles. <P3-S1>  He turned pro in 2003 and reached the men's doubles finals of the 2010, 2011 and 2012 Wimbledon Championships with Robert Lindstedt before winning it in 2015 with Jean-Julien Rojer, with whom he also won the 2017 US Open. <P3-S2>  Tecău also won the 2012 Australian Open mixed doubles title with Bethanie Mattek-Sands and the 2015 ATP World Tour Finals with Rojer.
Question: Canto della Terra was a song written by the writers of the hit first performed by Andrea Bocelli at what festival?

<P0-S0> "Con te partirò" (] ; "I will leave with you") is an Italian song written by Francesco Sartori (music) and Lucio Quarantotto (lyrics). <P0-S1>  It was first performed by Andrea Bocelli at the 1995 Sanremo Festival and recorded on his album of the same year, "Bocelli". <P0-S2>  The single was first released as an A-side single with "Vivere" in 1995, topping the charts, first in France, where it became one of the best selling singles of all time, and then in Belgium, breaking the all-time record sales there. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Canto della Terra" is an Italian song which was the second single from Italian pop tenor Andrea Bocelli's 1999 album, "Sogno". <P1-S1>  The song was written by composer Francesco Sartori and lyricist Lucio Quarantotto, the same writers of Bocelli's biggest hit "Con te partirò", and is among Bocelli's most popular and well-known songs. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Mille Lune Mille Onde" is the second single from Italian pop tenor Andrea Bocelli's 2001 album, "Cieli di Toscana". <P2-S1>  The song was written by Francesco Sartori, Claudio Corradini and Lucio Quarantotto, the writers of Bocelli's "Con te partirò" and "Canto della Terra", and by multiple Grammy Award winner David Foster, and is among Bocelli's most popular and well-known songs. <P2-S2>  The song is used in all of Barilla's pasta commercials. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Because We Believe", ("Ama Credi E Vai" in Italian), is a song by Italian pop tenor Andrea Bocelli. <P3-S1>  It was co-written by Bocelli, multiple Grammy Award winner David Foster and his daughter Amy Foster, for the closing ceremony of the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, where it was performed by Bocelli. <P3-S2>  The song first appeared as a solo version in Bocelli's 2006 album "Amore", and later in his 2007, greatest hits album, "".
Question: Who from the Black Eyed Peas released a debut solo album in 2006?

<P0-S0> "Don't Stop the Party" is a song by American hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas. <P0-S1>  The song was written by members will.i.am, apl.de.ap, Taboo, and Fergie, along with Joshua Alvarez, and DJ Ammo, and was produced by will.i.am. <P0-S2>  and DJ Ammo for the group's sixth studio album, "The Beginning" (2010). <P0-S3>  The song, described as "a hot club jam," features will.i.am rapping in a thick, Caribbean patois. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Fergalicious" is a song recorded by American singer and rapper Fergie for her debut studio album, "The Dutchess" (2006). <P1-S1>  The title is a portmanteau of "Fergie" and "delicious". <P1-S2>  It was written by Fergie and The Black Eyed Peas groupmate will.i.am, who also produced the song as well as providing the instrumentation and additional vocals. <P1-S3>  The song was slated as the second single from the album and released for airplay on October 23, 2006. <P1-S4>  "Fergalicious" is an dance, electro and hip hop song with R&B characteristics. <P1-S5>  It contains compositional samples of "Supersonic", a song written by Dania Maria Birks, Juana Michelle Burns, Juanita A. Lee, Kim Nazel, and Fatima Shaheed and performed by J. J. Fad, and "Give It All You Got", a song written by Derrick Rahming and popularized by Afro-Rican. <P1-S6>  The song's bridge contains an interpolation of "Night Train" by Jimmy Forrest and James Brown. <P1-S7>  The critical reception of "Fergalicious" was positive, with many praising it as a catchy and danceable track. <P1-S8>  Some music critics compared the song to "My Humps" (2006), a single released by The Black Eyed Peas from their fourth studio album "Monkey Business" (2005). <SEP> <P2-S0> The Dutchess is the debut studio album by American singer Fergie. <P2-S1>  It was released on September 23, 2006 through A&M Records and the will.i.am Music Group as her first solo album since the break from her band The Black Eyed Peas. <P2-S2>  The album was recorded between The Black Eyed Peas' tour in 2005, and the songs were written throughout the last eight years that preceded its release. <P2-S3>  While developing the album, Fergie wanted to create an autobiographical album that would be more intimate between her and the listener. <P2-S4>  By doing so, the album experiments with different music genres, including pop, hip hop, R&B, reggae, punk rock and soul. <P2-S5>  Lyrically, "The Dutchess" has themes about love and critics, while also dealing with her drug abuse and addiction. <SEP> <P3-S0> Fergie Duhamel ( ) (born Stacy Ann Ferguson; March 27, 1975) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress. <P3-S1>  She is the female vocalist for the hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas, with whom she has achieved chart success worldwide. <P3-S2>  Her debut solo album "The Dutchess" (2006) was a major commercial success on the charts and spawned three "Billboard" Hot 100 number one singles; "London Bridge", "Glamorous", and "Big Girls Don't Cry".
Question: What rank due to contract killings or assassinations, kidnapping, drug trafficking, money laundering, black marketeering, and other ordinary crimes is a widespread and growing problem in Afghan society did Transparency International's 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index give Afghanistan?

<P0-S0> Crime in Afghanistan is present in various forms, and includes the following: corruption, contract killings or assassinations, kidnapping, drug trafficking, money laundering, black marketeering, and other ordinary crimes. <SEP> <P1-S0> Corruption in Afghanistan is a widespread and growing problem in Afghan society. <P1-S1>  Afghanistan ranks 169 of 176 in Transparency International's 2016 Corruption Perceptions Index. <P1-S2>  "In opinion surveys of Afghans," noted the Asia Foundation in a 2012 report, "corruption is consistently singled out as a problem." <SEP> <P2-S0> According to the Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 from Transparency International, Denmark is the World's most transparent country, and it has consistently been in the top-4 since the publication of the first report in 1995. <P2-S1>  Moreover, Transparency International's Global Corruption Barometer 2013 shows that the public does not consider corruption a major problem in Danish society, and bribes paid to access public benefits and services are virtually non-existent. <SEP> <P3-S0> Corruption in North Korea is a widespread and growing problem in North Korean society. <P3-S1>  North Korea is ranked 175 out of 177 countries in Transparency International's 2013 Corruption Perceptions Index (tied with Somalia and Afghanistan). <P3-S2>  Strict rules and draconian punishments imposed by the regime, for example, against accessing foreign media or for modifying radio or television receivers to access foreign media, are commonly evaded by offering bribes to the police. <P3-S3>  Informing on colleagues and family members has become less common.
Question: The Sturmgewehr 52 and the FG 42 are both types of which kind of gun?

<P0-S0> The FG 42 (German: "Fallschirmjägergewehr" 42, "paratrooper rifle 42") is a selective-fire automatic rifle produced in Nazi Germany during World War II. <P0-S1>  The weapon was developed specifically for the use of the Fallschirmjäger airborne infantry in 1942 and was used in very limited numbers until the end of the war. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Obukhovskii 12"/52 Pattern 1907 gun was a 12 in 52 caliber naval gun. <P1-S1>  It was the most powerful gun to be mounted aboard battleships of the Imperial Russian Navy and later the Soviet Navy during both world wars. <P1-S2>  It was later modified by the Soviets and employed as coastal artillery and as a railway gun during World War II. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Sturmgewehr 52 (STG-52) was a battle rifle manufactured by the government-owned W+F Bern of Switzerland. <P2-S1>  It was chambered in the 7.5mm Kurzpatrone cartridge and later the 7.5mm Swiss service round as the Sturmgewehr 54, which was fed from the right-hand side. <P2-S2>  The Sturmgewehr 52 was heavily patterned after the German FG 42 as it was fed from the side from a 30- or 40-round magazine and was also fitted with a muzzle attachment capable of launching rifle grenades. <SEP> <P3-S0> An autocannon or automatic cannon is a large, fully automatic, rapid-fire projectile weapon that fires armour-piercing or explosive shells, as opposed to the bullet fired by a machine gun. <P3-S1>  Autocannon often have a larger calibre than a machine gun (e.g., 20 mm or greater), but are usually smaller than a field gun or other artillery. <P3-S2>  When used on its own, the word "autocannon" indicates a single-barrel weapon. <P3-S3>  When multiple rotating barrels are involved, the word "rotary" is added, and such a weapon is referred to as a "rotary autocannon." <P3-S4>  Modern autocannon are typically not single soldier-portable or stand-alone units, rather they are usually vehicle-mounted, aircraft-mounted, or boat-mounted, or even remote-operated as in some naval applications. <P3-S5>  As such, ammunition is typically fed from a belt to reduce reloading or for a faster rate of fire, but a magazine remains an option. <P3-S6>  They can use a variety of ammunition: common shells include high-explosive dual-purpose types (HEDP), any variety of armour-piercing (AP) types, such as composite rigid (APCR) or discarding sabot types (APDS).
Question: Keisuke Kuwata and Lauren Laverne have what profession in common?

<P0-S0> Keisuke Kuwata is the eponymous studio album recorded by Keisuke Kuwata, a frontman of the Japanese rock band Southern All Stars. <P0-S1>  It was released by Taishita label under the Victor Entertainment in July 1988, shortly after the 10th anniversary of the band. <P0-S2>  Aside from the 1982 live recording album "Kamon Yuzo and Victor Wheels Live" released under the pseudonym Yūzō Kamon, it was first Kuwata's solo effort. <SEP> <P1-S0> Keisuke Kuwata (桑田 佳祐 , Kuwata Keisuke , born February 26, 1956) is a Japanese multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and frontman for the Southern All Stars, as well of his own solo band, the Kuwata band. <P1-S1>  He has also done significant amount of scoring music for films. <P1-S2>  He went to Aoyama Gakuin University. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kenickie were an English four-piece pop punk band from Sunderland. <P2-S1>  The band was formed in 1994 and consisted of lead vocalist, guitarist and lyricist Lauren Laverne (b. Lauren Gofton), drummer Johnny X (real name Pete Gofton, Lauren's brother), lead guitarist and occasional lead vocalist Marie du Santiago (b. Anne Marie Nixon) and bass guitarist Emmy-Kate Montrose (b. Emma Jackson). <P2-S2>  The band's name comes from their favourite character in the 1970s film "Grease". <SEP> <P3-S0> Lauren Cecilia Fisher (née Gofton, 28 April 1978), known professionally as Lauren Laverne, is an English radio DJ, model, television presenter, author, singer and comedian.
Question: The daughter of what  actor is an American actress and adult film performer, who is the niece of  an American actor, comedian, singer, dancer, writer, and producer?

<P0-S0> Savanna Samson (born October 14, 1967) is the stage name of Natalie Oliveros, an American former pornographic actress. <P0-S1>  The winner of several AVN Awards, she has spent most of her career as a contract performer with major producer Vivid Entertainment, and is known for her roles in acclaimed adult films such as "The New Devil in Miss Jones". <P0-S2>  In addition to performing, she has her own adult film studio, Savanna Samson Productions. <P0-S3>  A native of upstate New York, she entered the adult film industry in 2000, after working as a dancer at the Manhattan strip club, Scores. <SEP> <P1-S0> Richard Wayne Van Dyke (born December 13, 1925) is an American actor, comedian, singer, dancer, writer, and producer. <SEP> <P2-S0> Chaim Topol (Hebrew: חיים טופול‎ ‎ ; born September 9, 1935), mononymously known as Topol, is an Israeli theatrical and film performer, singer, actor, comedian, voice artist, writer and producer. <P2-S1>  He is best known for his role as Tevye the dairyman in the production of "Fiddler on the Roof" on both stage and film. <P2-S2>  He has been nominated for an Academy Award and a Tony Award, and has won two Golden Globe Awards. <SEP> <P3-S0> Kelly Jean Van Dyke (June 5, 1958 – November 17, 1991) was an American actress and adult film performer. <P3-S1>  She was the daughter of actor Jerry Van Dyke, niece of the actor Dick Van Dyke, and cousin once removed of Shane Van Dyke.
Question:  Cranium and Polarity are both what?

<P0-S0> Cell polarity refers to some differences in the shape, structure, and function of cells. <P0-S1>  Almost all cell types exhibit some sort of polarity, which enables them to carry out specialized functions. <P0-S2>  Classical examples of polarized cells are described below, including epithelial cells with apical-basal polarity, neurons in which signals propagate in one direction from dendrites to axons, and migrating cells. <SEP> <P1-S0> Cranium is a party game created by Whit Alexander and Richard Tait in 1998, after Richard spent a weekend playing games with another family and recognized the need for a game involving a variety of skills. <P1-S1>  He left his job at Microsoft, convincing his friend and co-worker Whit Alexander to join him in the creation of "Cranium". <P1-S2>  "Cranium", manufactured by Hasbro subsidiary Cranium, Inc., is billed as "The Game for Your Whole Brain". <P1-S3>  Unlike many other party games, "Cranium" includes a wide variety of activities. <P1-S4>  Giorgio Davanzo handles packaging and branding for the game, and the artwork is done by Gary Baseman, creator of the animated television series "Teacher's Pet". <SEP> <P2-S0> A polarity chron, or chron, is the time interval between polarity reversals of Earth's magnetic field. <P2-S1>  It is a term used in stratigraphy (a branch of geology) to name the time interval represented by a magnetostratigraphic polarity unit. <P2-S2>  It represents a certain time period in geologic history where the Earth's magnetic field was in a "normal" and "reversed" position. <P2-S3>  Chrons are numbered in order starting from today and increasing in number into the past. <P2-S4>  As well as a number, each chron is divided into two parts, labelled "n" and "r", thereby showing the position of the field's polarity. <P2-S5>  A chron is the time equivalent to a chronozone or a polarity zone. <SEP> <P3-S0> Polarity is a board game that requires strategic thinking and dexterity to control hovering magnetic discs. <P3-S1>  "Polarity" was invented in 1985 by Canadian artist and designer Douglas Seaton. <P3-S2>  It was first published in 1986. <P3-S3>  The game has had a tumultuous past, with its rights changing hands several times over the past two decades. <P3-S4>  The game has been published by Telemotion Technologies, Irwin Toy, briefly with Mattel and most recently by Temple Games. <P3-S5>  The game ships in a canvas sleeve and include the magnets, the board, and a paper rulebook. <P3-S6>  An unrelated game of the same name is published by a company called Mindwalk (Company).
Question: Little Dieter Needs to Fly and Red State, are which genre of film?

<P0-S0> Little Dieter Needs to Fly is a 1997 German-British-French documentary film written and directed by Werner Herzog, produced by Werner Herzog Filmproduktion, and premiered on German television. <P0-S1>  The film was released to DVD in 1998 by Anchor Bay. <SEP> <P1-S0> Rescue Dawn is a 2006 American epic war drama film written and directed by Werner Herzog, based on an adapted screenplay written from his 1997 documentary film "Little Dieter Needs to Fly". <P1-S1>  The film stars Christian Bale, and is based on the true story of German-American pilot Dieter Dengler, who was shot down and captured by villagers sympathetic to the Pathet Lao during an American military campaign in the Vietnam War. <P1-S2>  Steve Zahn, Jeremy Davies, Pat Healy, and Toby Huss also have principal roles. <P1-S3>  The film project, which had initially come together during 2004, began shooting in Thailand in August 2005. <SEP> <P2-S0> Eugene Peyton Deatrick, Jr. (born November 17, 1924) is a retired United States Air Force colonel, test pilot, and combat veteran. <P2-S1>  He is best recognized for his role in the rescue of United States Navy Lieutenant Dieter Dengler during the Vietnam War. <P2-S2>  The rescue was recounted in the Werner Herzog films "Little Dieter Needs to Fly" and "Rescue Dawn" and the national bestseller "" by author Bruce Henderson. <SEP> <P3-S0> Red State is a documentary film by Michael Shea. <P3-S1>  The film follows the director into America's red states (those with predominantly Republican voters) to find out why so many Americans chose to re-elect President George W. Bush in the 2004 presidential elections.
Question: What Italian professional football club, founded in 1899, was the first to establish an ultras group?

<P0-S0> Tigers Ultras or Tigers Club is the name of the ultras group of Greek football team Asteras Tripolis F.C. <P0-S1>  and basketball team S.E.F.A. Arkadikos BC, based in Tripoli, Greece. <P0-S2>  Found in 2006, it is the first fan base dedicated to any Arcadian team. <P0-S3>  Their logo is the face of a tiger in front of a yellow star (which is Asteras’ logo). <SEP> <P1-S0> Associazione Calcio Milan (] ), commonly referred to as A.C. Milan or simply Milan, is a professional football club in Milan, Italy, founded in 1899. <P1-S1>  The club has spent its entire history, with the exception of the 1980–81 and 1982–83 seasons, in the top flight of Italian football, known as Serie A since 1929–30. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Fossa dei Leoni, also referred to by the acronym FdL, was an association of ultras supporters of Italian professional football club Associazione Calcio Milan. <P2-S1>  Established in 1968, it was the first ultras group to form in Italy. <SEP> <P3-S0> Associazione Calcio Milan are an Italian professional football club based in Milan, Lombardy. <P3-S1>  The club was founded as Milan Foot-Ball and Cricket Club in 1899 and has competed in the Italian football league since the following year. <P3-S2>  Milan currently play in Serie A, the top tier of Italian football. <P3-S3>  They have been out of the top tier in only two seasons since the establishment of the Serie A as the single division top tier. <P3-S4>  They have also been involved in European football ever since they became the first Italian club to enter the European Cup in 1955.
Question: By what margin did the Supreme Court explicitly overrule Baker v. Nelson in 2016?

<P0-S0> Obergefell v. Hodges, 576 U.S. ___ (2015) ( ), is a landmark civil rights case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in a 5–4 decision. <SEP> <P1-S0> Richard John Baker v. Gerald R. Nelson, 291 Minn. 310, 191 N.W.2d 185 (1971) is a case in which the Minnesota Supreme Court ruled that a state law limiting marriage to persons of the opposite sex did not violate the U.S. Constitution. <P1-S1>  Baker appealed, and on October 10, 1972, the United States Supreme Court dismissed the appeal "for want of a substantial federal question." <P1-S2>  Because the case came to the U.S. Supreme Court through mandatory appellate review (not "certiorari"), the dismissal constituted a decision on the merits and established "Baker v. Nelson" as precedent, though the extent of its precedential effect had been subject to debate. <P1-S3>  In May 2013, Minnesota legalized same-sex marriage and it took effect on August 1, 2013. <P1-S4>  Subsequently, on June 26, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court explicitly overruled "Baker" in "Obergefell v. Hodges" making same-sex marriage legal nationwide. <SEP> <P2-S0> Michigan v. Long, 463 U.S. 1032 (1983), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court that extended "Terry v. Ohio", 392 U.S. 1 (1968) to allow searches of car compartments during a stop with "reasonable suspicion". <P2-S1>  The case also clarified and narrowed the extent of adequate and independent state ground, allowing U.S. Supreme Court review of state supreme court decisions unless they explicitly appealed to state laws. <SEP> <P3-S0> V.L. v. E.L., 577 U.S. ___ (2016) , is a case decided by the Supreme Court of the United States concerning the adoption rights of same-sex couples. <P3-S1>  In 2007, a Georgia Superior Court granted adoption rights to V.L., the partner of E.L., the woman who gave birth to their three children. <P3-S2>  However, after moving back to Alabama, the couple split up. <P3-S3>  E.L. tried to block V.L. from seeing the children, but V.L. filed a lawsuit seeking visitation and other parental rights. <P3-S4>  On September 18, 2015, the Supreme Court of Alabama ruled that the state did not have to recognize the adoption judgment, saying that the Georgia court misapplied its own state law. <P3-S5>  The court voided the recognition of the adoption judgment in Alabama. <P3-S6>  V.L. petitioned the United States Supreme Court to stay the ruling during her appeal and allow her to see her children. <P3-S7>  On December 14, 2015, the Supreme Court stayed the ruling pending their action on a petition for a writ of certiorari filed by V.L. On March 7, 2016, the Supreme Court of the United States reversed the decision of the Alabama Supreme Court by per curiam summary disposition.
Question: Which community center for the City & County of Honolulu was the 1991 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament played at?

<P0-S0> The 2000 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament was the 31st annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate indoor volleyball. <P0-S1>  The single elimination tournament was played at the Allen County War Memorial Coliseum in Fort Wayne, Indiana during May 2000. <SEP> <P1-S0> The 1991 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament was the 22nd annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's collegiate volleyball. <P1-S1>  The tournament was played at the Neal S. Blaisdell Center in Honolulu, Hawaiʻi during May 1991. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 1974 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament was the fifth annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA men's college volleyball. <P2-S1>  The tournament was played at Robertson Gymnasium in Santa Barbara, California. <P2-S2>  The previous tournament format of round robin play for seeding followed by a single-elimination tournament was dropped in favor of going directly to a single-elimination bracket. <P2-S3>  The tournament field remained fixed at 4 teams. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Neal S. Blaisdell Center near downtown Honolulu, Hawaii is a community center for the City & County of Honolulu. <P3-S1>  Constructed in 1964 on the historic Ward Estate and originally called the Honolulu International Center, the center was renamed after Mayor of Honolulu Neal S. Blaisdell, who oversaw its construction. <P3-S2>  The multi-purpose complex is composed of an internationally renowned arena, concert hall, conference rooms, galleria and exhibition hall. <P3-S3>  It was remodeled and expanded in 1994. <P3-S4>  The complex is overseen by the City's Department of Enterprise Services which also oversees the Waikiki Shell. <P3-S5>  The City is seeking to redevelop the site with extensive stakeholder and public involvement to assess the community’s goals. <P3-S6>  Implementation of this plan will require significant investment by the City and its partners over the coming years, and the outcome will be an iconic symbol of the City and County of Honolulu.