Question: Throughout her illustrious career, German chemist Lotte Loewe researched a variety of topics, from ascorbic acid reaction kinetics and uric acid to which organic pigments commonly made by plants, algae, bacteria and fungi?

<P0-S0> Plants are mainly multicellular, predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. <P0-S1>  The term is today generally limited to the green plants, which form an unranked clade Viridiplantae (Latin for "green plants"). <P0-S2>  This includes the flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms, ferns, clubmosses, hornworts, liverworts, mosses and the green algae, and excludes the red and brown algae. <P0-S3>  Historically, plants formed one of two kingdoms covering all living things that were not animals, and both algae and fungi were treated as plants; however all current definitions of "plant" exclude the fungi and some algae, as well as the prokaryotes (the archaea and bacteria). <SEP> <P1-S0> Carotenoids ( ), also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi. <P1-S1>  Carotenoids can be produced from fats and other basic organic metabolic building blocks by all these organisms. <P1-S2>  The only animals known to produce carotenoids are aphids and spider mites, which acquired the ability and genes from fungi or it is produced by endosymbiotic bacteria in whiteflies . <P1-S3>  Carotenoids from the diet are stored in the fatty tissues of animals, and exclusively carnivorous animals obtain the compounds from animal fat. <SEP> <P2-S0> Lotte Loewe (November 7, 1900-unknown) was a German chemist known for her research in organic chemistry. <P2-S1>  Loewe received her doctorate in chemistry from the University of Breslau in 1937 and began her career there shortly thereafter, spending six years as a chemistry assistant from 1927 to 1933. <P2-S2>  She then moved to the University of Zurich for one year (1934) and the University of Istanbul for 21 years, from 1934 to 1955. <P2-S3>  Her last academic appointment was at the University of Basel, where she spent 6 years from 1955 to 1961. <P2-S4>  Loewe then became an industrial chemist in Basel, though she maintained a position as an assistant professor at the University of Freiberg. <P2-S5>  Throughout, her research concerned ascorbic acid reaction kinetics, uric acid, carotenoids, keto-enol tautomerism, and diazomethane reactions. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ascorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound with antioxidant properties. <P3-S1>  It is a white solid, but impure samples can appear yellowish. <P3-S2>  It dissolves well in water to give mildly acidic solutions. <P3-S3>  Ascorbic acid is one form ("vitamer") of vitamin C. <P3-S4>  It was originally called -hexuronic acid, but, when it was found to have vitamin C activity in animals ("vitamin C" being defined as a vitamin activity, not then a specific substance), the suggestion was made to rename it. <P3-S5>  The new name, ascorbic acid, is derived from "a-" (meaning "no") and "scorbutus" (scurvy), the disease caused by a deficiency of vitamin C. Because it is derived from glucose, many animals are able to produce it, but humans require it as part of their nutrition. <P3-S6>  Other vertebrates which lack the ability to produce ascorbic acid include some primates, guinea pigs, teleost fishes, bats, and some birds, all of which require it as a dietary micronutrient (that is, in vitamin form).