winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What private research university in California is Anne Howland Ehrlich is the associate director of the Center for Conservation Biology?

<P0-S0> Julie Huber is an Associate Scientist in the Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry department at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. <P0-S1>  She previously was an Associate Professor of Ecology and Evolutionary biology at Brown University, an Associate Scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, and the Associate Director of the MBL's Josephine Bay Paul Center for Comparative Molecular Biology and Evolution. <P0-S2>  She also serves as the associate director of the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations, a National Science Foundation-supported program headquartered at the University of Southern California. <SEP> <P1-S0> Anne Howland Ehrlich (born Anne Fitzhugh Howland; November 17, 1933) is the American co-author of several books on overpopulation and ecology with her husband, Stanford University professor Paul R. Ehrlich. <P1-S1>  She is associate director of the Center for Conservation Biology at Stanford University. <SEP> <P2-S0> Stanford University (Stanford; officially Leland Stanford Junior University, colloquially the Farm) is a private research university in Stanford, California, adjacent to Palo Alto and between San Jose and San Francisco. <P2-S1>  Stanford's undergraduate program is the most selective in America. <P2-S2>  Due to its academic strength, wealth, and proximity to Silicon Valley it is often cited as one of the world's most prestigious universities. <SEP> <P3-S0> Michael E. Soulé is a U.S. biologist, best known for his work in promoting the idea of conservation biology. <P3-S1>  He earned a Ph.D. in Population Biology at Stanford University under Paul R. Ehrlich. <P3-S2>  He co-edited with Gary Lease a book of essays titled "Reinventing nature? <P3-S3> : responses to postmodern deconstruction" (1995), which was a response to the arguments presented by environmental historian William Cronon and others in "Uncommon ground: toward reinventing nature" (1995). <P3-S4>  He is Research Professor (Emeritus) in Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz. <P3-S5>  Soule was a cofounder of the Society for Conservation Biology and currently serves on the board of Round River Conservation Studies and the Wildlands Network.
Question: Were Ken Annakin and Michael Crichton both involved in the film industry?

<P0-S0> Timeline is a 2000 adventure/puzzle video game published by Eidos Interactive for the personal computer. <P0-S1>  The game was developed by author Michael Crichton's Timeline Computer Entertainment (initially formed as Timeline Studios), and is based on Crichton's 1999 novel of the same name. <P0-S2>  Crichton was directly involved in the game's creation. <SEP> <P1-S0> John Michael Crichton ( ; October 23, 1942 – November 4, 2008) was an American best-selling author, screenwriter, film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction, medical fiction and thriller genres. <P1-S1>  His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide, and many have been adapted into films. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Story of Robin Hood and His Merrie Men is a 1952 live action Disney version of the Robin Hood legend made in Technicolor and filmed in Buckinghamshire, England. <P2-S1>  It was written by Lawrence Edward Watkin and directed by Ken Annakin. <P2-S2>  This is the second of Disney's complete live-action films, after "Treasure Island" (1950), and the first of four films Annakin directed for Disney. <SEP> <P3-S0> Kenneth Cooper "Ken" Annakin, OBE (10 August 1914 – 22 April 2009) was a prolific English film director.
Question: The representative of Portneuf in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to 1878 was from a province in which country?

<P0-S0> County of Ottawa (French: Compté d'Ottawa ) was a federal and provincial electoral district in Quebec, Canada, which was represented in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1830 to 1867, in the Canadian House of Commons from 1867 to 1892, and in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to at least 1919. <SEP> <P1-S0> Quebec ( or ; French: "Québec" ] ) is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada. <P1-S1>  It is bordered to the west by the province of Ontario, James Bay, and Hudson Bay; to the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador; and to the south by the province of New Brunswick and the US states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York. <P1-S2>  It also shares maritime borders with Nunavut, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia. <P1-S3>  Quebec is Canada's largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division; only the territory of Nunavut is larger. <P1-S4>  It is historically and politically considered to be part of Central Canada (with Ontario). <SEP> <P2-S0> Pierre-Étienne Fortin (December 14, 1823 – June 15, 1888) was a Quebec physician and political figure. <P2-S1>  He represented Gaspé in the Canadian House of Commons as a Conservative member from 1867 to 1874 and from 1878 to 1887 and also represented Gaspé in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to 1878. <P2-S2>  In 1887, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada for Kennebec division. <SEP> <P3-S0> Praxède Larue (September 2, 1823 – November 29, 1902) was a physician and political figure in Quebec. <P3-S1>  He represented Portneuf in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to 1878 as a Conservative.
Question: Board of Education v. Earls and Illinois v. Gates, have a relationship to which mutual country?

<P0-S0> The Aguilar–Spinelli test was a judicial guideline set down by the U.S. Supreme Court for evaluating the validity of a search warrant or a warrantless arrest based on information provided by a confidential informant or an anonymous tip. <P0-S1>  The Supreme Court abandoned the "Aguilar"–"Spinelli" test in "Illinois v. Gates", 462 U.S. 213 (1983), in favor of a rule that evaluates the reliability of the information under the "totality of the circumstances." <P0-S2>  However, Alaska, Massachusetts, New York, Tennessee, Vermont, and Washington have retained the "Aguilar–Spinelli" test, based on their own state constitutions. <SEP> <P1-S0> Board of Education v. Earls, 536 U.S. 822 (2002) , was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the constitutionality of mandatory drug testing by public schools of students participating in extracurricular activities. <P1-S1>  The legal challenge to the practice was brought by two students, Lindsay Earls and Daniel James, and their families against the school board of Tecumseh, Oklahoma, alleging that their policy requiring students to consent to random urinalysis testing for drug use violated the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution. <SEP> <P2-S0> Illinois v. Gates, 462 U.S. 213 (1983) , is a Fourth Amendment case. <P2-S1>  "Gates" overruled "Aguilar v. Texas", 378 U.S. 108 (1964) and "Spinelli v. United States", 393 U.S. 410 (1969) , thereby replacing the Aguilar–Spinelli test for probable cause with the "totality of the circumstances" test. <SEP> <P3-S0> Board of Education v. Walters was a 1979 Ohio Supreme Court case relating to the funding of primary and secondary schools in Ohio. <P3-S1>  The Court ruled that the method of funding public schools at the time was constitutional despite disparities in per-pupil education spending between different districts. <P3-S2>  Article VI of the Ohio Constitution states that the state must provide an "adequate system of public schools." <P3-S3>  The ruling overturned a previous trial court ruling that the State's school-funding system violated the Constitution of Ohio's requirement of providing a thorough and efficient system of public education. <P3-S4>  "Board of Education v. Walters" is one of the cases that played a role leading to "DeRolph v. State of Ohio" in 1997, which found the model of funding for public schools in Ohio to be unconstitutional.
Question: What award, established by philantropist Peter Thiel, was Dale Stephens an original recipient of?

<P0-S0> Simon Tian (born February 24, 1994) is a Canadian tech entrepreneur and inventor. <P0-S1>  He is the founder and chief executive officer (CEO) of consumer electronics and wearable technology company Neptune. <P0-S2>  Born and raised in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Tian dropped out of high school at the age of 18 to start Neptune, and has raised a total of around $2 million from crowdfunding sources alone. <P0-S3>  Tian is a 2015 Thiel Fellow, having been awarded $100,000 by PayPal co-founder and venture capitalist Peter Thiel, and was named one of the top 30 Quebecers under 30 by Les Affaires in 2014. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Singularity Summit is the annual conference of the Machine Intelligence Research Institute. <P1-S1>  It was started in 2006 at Stanford University by Ray Kurzweil, Eliezer Yudkowsky, and Peter Thiel, and the subsequent summits in 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2011 have been held in San Francisco, San Jose, New York City, San Francisco, and New York, respectively. <P1-S2>  Some speakers have included Sebastian Thrun, Rodney Brooks, Barney Pell, Marshall Brain, Justin Rattner, Peter Diamandis, Stephen Wolfram, Gregory Benford, Robin Hanson, Anders Sandberg, Juergen Schmidhuber, Aubrey de Grey, Max Tegmark, and Michael Shermer. <SEP> <P2-S0> Dale Jasper Stephens is an American entrepreneur, speaker, and author, best known as one of the original 24 recipients of the Thiel Fellowship. <P2-S1>  He is also the founder of UnCollege, which is a social movement that aims to change the notion that going to college is the only path to success. <SEP> <P3-S0> Peter Andreas Thiel ( ; born October 11, 1967) is an American entrepreneur, venture capitalist, philanthropist, political activist, and author. <P3-S1>  He was ranked No. 4 on the "Forbes" Midas List of 2014, with a net worth of $2.2 billion, and No. 246 on the "Forbes" 400 in 2016, with a net worth of $2.7 billion.
Question: Bronson is a film that follows the life of this prisoner born in what year?

<P0-S0> Bronson is a 2008 British fictionalized biographical crime film co-written and directed by Nicolas Winding Refn and starring Tom Hardy. <P0-S1>  The film follows the life of notorious prisoner Michael Gordon Peterson, who was renamed Charles Bronson by his fight promoter. <P0-S2>  Born into a respectable middle-class family, Peterson would nevertheless become one of the United Kingdom's most dangerous criminals, and is known for having spent almost his entire adult life in solitary confinement. <P0-S3>  "Bronson" is narrated with humour, blurring the line between comedy and horror. <SEP> <P1-S0> Life imprisonment in Sweden ("livstids fängelse" in Swedish) is a sentence of indeterminate length. <P1-S1>  Swedish law states that the most severe punishment is "prison for 10 (18 in case of murder) years or life", and so life imprisonment is, in practice, never shorter than ten years. <P1-S2>  However, a prisoner may apply to the government for clemency, in practice having their life sentence commuted to a set number of years, which then follows standard Swedish parole regulations. <P1-S3>  Clemency can also be granted on humanitarian grounds; however, the number of granted clemencies per year has been low since 1991, usually no more than one or two. <P1-S4>  Until 1991 few served more than 15 years, but since then the time spent in prison has increased and in 2007 the usual time was at least 21 years. <P1-S5>  Offenders under the age of 21 when the crime was committed can not be sentenced to life imprisonment. <SEP> <P2-S0> Breakout is a 1975 action film from Columbia Pictures starring Charles Bronson, Jill Ireland, Robert Duvall, John Huston, Sheree North and Randy Quaid. <P2-S1>  Bronson and Ireland, the lead actor and actress, were married in real life. <P2-S2>  The film is notable for giving the usually serious Bronson a more comedic, lighthearted role. <SEP> <P3-S0> Charles Arthur "Charlie" Salvador (born Michael Gordon Peterson also known as Charles Bronson; 6 December 1952) is an English criminal who is often referred to in the British press as the "most violent prisoner in Britain" and "Britain's most notorious prisoner". <P3-S1>  He has spent periods detained in the Rampton, Broadmoor and Ashworth high-security psychiatric hospitals.
Question: Mark Heyman co-wrote the 2010 film directed by whom?

<P0-S0> David Michôd ( ; born 30 November 1972) is an Australian film director, screenwriter, producer and actor. <P0-S1>  He is best known for directing the critically acclaimed 2010 film "Animal Kingdom" and the 2014 film "The Rover". <P0-S2>  He also co-wrote "Hesher". <SEP> <P1-S0> Paddington is a 2014 comedy film directed by Paul King, written by King and Hamish McColl and produced by David Heyman. <P1-S1>  Based on "Paddington Bear" by Michael Bond, the film stars Ben Whishaw as the voice of the title character, along with Hugh Bonneville, Sally Hawkins, Julie Walters, Jim Broadbent, Peter Capaldi and Nicole Kidman in live-action roles. <P1-S2>  The film was co-produced by the French company StudioCanal and the British company Heyday Films. <P1-S3>  It was released in the United Kingdom on 28 November 2014 and grossed $265.3 million worldwide on a €38.5 million budget. <P1-S4>  Among several honours, King was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay and both he and Heyman were nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best British Film. <P1-S5>  A sequel, "Paddington 2", is scheduled to be released in 2017. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mark Heyman (born 1979) is an American screenwriter and film producer who is best known for co-writing "Black Swan" (2010) and "The Skeleton Twins" (2014). <SEP> <P3-S0> Black Swan is a 2010 American psychological horror film directed by Darren Aronofsky. <P3-S1>  The screenplay by Mark Heyman, Andres Heinz and John McLaughlin is from a story by Heinz. <P3-S2>  It stars Natalie Portman, Vincent Cassel, Mila Kunis, Barbara Hershey and Winona Ryder. <P3-S3>  The plot revolves around a production of Tchaikovsky's "Swan Lake" ballet by a prestigious New York City company. <P3-S4>  The production requires a ballerina to play the innocent and fragile White Swan, for which the committed dancer Nina (Portman) is a perfect fit, as well as the dark and sensual Black Swan, which are qualities better embodied by the new arrival Lily (Kunis). <P3-S5>  Nina is overwhelmed by a feeling of immense pressure when she finds herself competing for the part, causing her to lose her tenuous grip on reality and descend into a living nightmare.
Question: What senior British Army officer known for his "scorched earth policy" experienced success in the British effort to re-conquer the sudan?

<P0-S0> Plan de Sánchez is a village in the municipality of Rabinal, Baja Verapaz department, Guatemala. <P0-S1>  On July 18, 1982, while General Efraín Ríos Montt was President of Guatemala, a massacre was committed there by government forces during which over 200 people were killed. <P0-S2>  The massacre was a part of what is known as the scorched earth policy where the Guatemalan army eliminated up to 200,000 Mayan and indigenous peoples in a 36-year civil war until 1996. <P0-S3>  In 2000 President Alfonso Portillo admitted that the government was responsible for the massacre in the village. <SEP> <P1-S0> Field Marshal Horatio Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener, ( ; 24 June 1850 – 5 June 1916) was a senior British Army officer and colonial administrator who won notoriety for his imperial campaigns, most especially his scorched earth policy against the Boers and his establishment of concentration camps during the Second Boer War, and later played a central role in the early part of the First World War. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Three Alls Policy (, Japanese: 三光作戦 Sankō Sakusen) was a Japanese scorched earth policy adopted in China during World War II, the three "alls" being "kill all, burn all, loot all" (). <P2-S1>  This policy was designed as retaliation against the Chinese for the Communist-led Hundred Regiments Offensive in December 1940. <P2-S2>  Contemporary Japanese documents referred to the policy as "The Burn to Ash Strategy" (燼滅作戦 , Jinmetsu Sakusen ) . <SEP> <P3-S0> At the Battle of Omdurman (2 September 1898), an army commanded by the British General Sir Herbert Kitchener defeated the army of Abdullah al-Taashi, the successor to the self-proclaimed Mahdi, Muhammad Ahmad. <P3-S1>  Kitchener was seeking revenge for the 1885 death of General Gordon. <P3-S2>  It was a demonstration of the superiority of a highly disciplined army equipped with modern rifles, machine guns, and artillery over a force twice their size armed with older weapons, and marked the success of British efforts to re-conquer the Sudan. <P3-S3>  However, it was not until the 1899 Battle of Umm Diwaykarat that the final Mahdist forces were defeated.
Question: Are University of Bridgeport and Rochester Institute of Technology both private universities?

<P0-S0> The higher education system in India include both private and public universities. <P0-S1>  Public universities are supported by the Government of India and the state governments, while private universities are mostly supported by various bodies and societies. <P0-S2>  Universities in India are recognized by the University Grants Commission (UGC), which draws its power from the "University Grants Commission Act, 1956". <P0-S3>  In addition, 15 Professional Councils are established, controlling different aspects of accreditation and coordination. <P0-S4>  Private universities in India are regulated under the UGC (Establishment and Maintenance of Standards in Private Universities) Regulations, 2003. <P0-S5>  Per the UGC act and these regulations, private universities are established by an act of a local legislative assembly and listed by the UGC in the Gazette upon receiving the act. <P0-S6>  As confirmed by ruling of the Supreme Court of India, recognition by the UGC is required for the university to operate. <P0-S7>  Also per the 2003 regulations, the UGC sends committees to inspect the private universities and publishes their inspection report. <SEP> <P1-S0> Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) is a private doctoral university within the town of Henrietta in the Rochester, New York metropolitan area. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Rochester Institute of Technology Kosovo (or formerly known as the American University in Kosovo, RIT/AUK) is a private university located in the Germia district of Pristina, Kosovo. <P2-S1>  The university was established in 2002 and is part of the Rochester Institute of Technology (RIT) in Rochester, New York. <SEP> <P3-S0> The University of Bridgeport, commonly referred to as UB, is a private, independent, non-sectarian, coeducational National university located on the Long Island Sound in the South End neighborhood of Bridgeport, Connecticut. <P3-S1>  The University is fully accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges (NEASC-CIHE). <P3-S2>  The University is known for its diverse student population, currently ranking as the tenth most racially diverse national university in the country by "U.S. News & World Report". <P3-S3>  The students of the University of Bridgeport are from 80 countries and 46 states. <P3-S4>  In 2010, the percentage of students graduating that had participated in an English as a foreign or second language (ESL) program was one of the nation's highest at 5%.
Question: What type of institution does 1951 Oklahoma Sooners football team and Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium have in common?

<P0-S0> The Barry Switzer Center, on the University of Oklahoma campus in Norman, Oklahoma, houses football offices, the football locker room, equipment room, the Siegfried Strength and Conditioning Complex, the Freede Sports Medicine Facility and the Touchdown Club Legends Lobby. <P0-S1>  The Center is located at the south end of the Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium. <P0-S2>  The Barry Switzer Center, dedicated on April 24, 1999, was named after OU’s all-time winningest head football coach. <P0-S3>  During Summer 2015 the Switzer Center was demolished as part of the expansion of Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium. <P0-S4>  In Barry Switzer’s 16 seasons as the Oklahoma Sooners head football coach, the team won three national championships, 12 Big Eight Conference championships and eight bowl games in 13 appearances. <SEP> <P1-S0> The 1984 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the college football 1984 NCAA Division I-A season. <P1-S1>  Oklahoma Sooners football participated in the former Big Eight Conference at that time and played its home games in Gaylord Family Oklahoma Memorial Stadium where it has played its home games since 1923. <P1-S2>  The team posted a 9–2–1 overall record and a 6–1 conference record to earn a share of the Conference title under head coach Barry Switzer who took the helm in 1973. <P1-S3>  This was Switzer's ninth conference title in twelve seasons. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 1951 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma during the 1951 college football season. <P2-S1>  They played their home games at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium and competed as members of the Big Seven Conference. <P2-S2>  They were coached by head coach Bud Wilkinson. <SEP> <P3-S0> Gaylord Family - Oklahoma Memorial Stadium, also known as Owen Field or The Palace on the Prairie, is the on-campus football facility on the campus of the University of Oklahoma in Norman, Oklahoma, United States, that serves as the home of the Oklahoma Sooners football team. <P3-S1>  The official seating capacity of the stadium, following renovations in 2015, is 86,112, making it the 23rd largest stadium in the world, the 15th largest college stadium in the United States and the second largest in the Big 12 Conference, behind Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium at the University of Texas at Austin.
Question: Are the Films Nitrate Kisses and Italy in a Day documentaries?

<P0-S0> Nitrate Kisses is a 1992 experimental documentary film directed by Barbara Hammer. <P0-S1>  According to Hammer, it is an exploration of the repression and marginalization of LGBT people since the First World War. <P0-S2>  To celebrate the 30th anniversary of the Teddy Awards, the film has been selected to be shown at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival in February 2016. <SEP> <P1-S0> The George Eastman Museum Motion Picture Collection in Rochester, New York comprises about 28,000 titles, including features, shorts, documentaries, newsreels, and experimental moving images. <P1-S1>  The collection is renowned for its holdings of silent films. <P1-S2>  The George Eastman Museum owns the Louis B. Mayer Conservation Center, where its holdings of nitrate films are stored. <P1-S3>  In 1996, the Eastman Museum founded the L. Jeffrey Selznick School of Film Preservation. <SEP> <P2-S0> Italy in a Day - Un giorno da italiani is a 2014 Italian-British documentary film directed by Gabriele Salvatores. <P2-S1>  It was part of the Out of Competition section at the 71st Venice International Film Festival. <SEP> <P3-S0> Vampire Kisses is a series of books written by Ellen Schreiber. <P3-S1>  Vampire Kisses is about a 16-year-old girl named Raven Madison who is a goth misfit in her polo-wearing, ordinary, town. <P3-S2>  When an old abandoned mansion finally gets new residents, the rumors start to spread. <P3-S3>  Everyone in the small town, which Raven refers to as “Dullsville”, believes that the new neighbors are actually secret bloodthirsty vampires. <P3-S4>  Even Raven, who has always loved vampires since she was little, believes the rumors. <P3-S5>  But one day, she encounters the attractive yet mysterious Alexander Sterling that lives in the mansion, and feels like he is the only person that actually understands her. <P3-S6>  The two very quickly fall in love, but still the question remains; are the Sterlings really vampires?
Question: What aeronautical engineer, USAF test pilot and chief of the U.S. Air Force's Flight Test Engineering Laboratory starred in "The Right Stuff"?

<P0-S0> The Right Stuff is a 1983 American epic historical drama film. <P0-S1>  It was adapted from Tom Wolfe's best-selling 1979 book of the same name about the Navy, Marine and Air Force test pilots who were involved in aeronautical research at Edwards Air Force Base, California, as well as the Mercury Seven, the seven military pilots who were selected to be the astronauts for Project Mercury, the first manned spaceflight by the United States. <P0-S2>  "The Right Stuff" was written and directed by Philip Kaufman and stars Ed Harris, Scott Glenn, Sam Shepard, Fred Ward, Dennis Quaid and Barbara Hershey. <P0-S3>  Levon Helm is the narrator in the introduction and elsewhere in the film, as well as having a co-starring role as Air Force test pilot Jack Ridley. <SEP> <P1-S0> The U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School (USAF TPS) is the Air Force's advanced flight training school that trains experimental test pilots, flight test engineers, and flight test navigators to carry out tests and evaluations of new aerospace weapon systems and also other aircraft of the U.S. Air Force. <P1-S1>  This school was established on 9 September 1944 as the Flight Test Training Unit at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base (AFB) in Dayton, Ohio. <P1-S2>  To take advantage of the uncongested skies, usually superb flying weather, and the lack of developed zones in the event of crashing, the test pilot school was officially moved to its present location at Edwards Air Force Base in the northwestern Mojave Desert of Southern California on 4 February 1951. <SEP> <P2-S0> Colonel Jackie Lynwood "Jack" Ridley (June 16, 1915 – March 12, 1957) was an aeronautical engineer, USAF test pilot and chief of the U.S. Air Force's Flight Test Engineering Laboratory. <P2-S1>  He helped develop and test many Cold War era military aircraft but is best known for his work on the Bell X-1, the first aircraft to achieve supersonic flight. <P2-S2>  He was highly respected among fellow test pilots, most notably Chuck Yeager, for his engineering skills. <SEP> <P3-S0> Kenneth O. "K.O." Chilstrom (born April 20, 1921) is a retired United States Air Force officer, combat veteran, test pilot, and author. <P3-S1>  He was the first USAF pilot to fly the XP-86 Sabre, chief of fighter test at Wright Field, commandant of the U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School, and program manager for the XF-108 Rapier. <P3-S2>  Chilstrom was a pilot in the first jet air race and delivered the first air mail by jet. <P3-S3>  He flew over eighty combat missions in the Italian Campaign of World War II and tested over twenty foreign models of German and Japanese fighters and bombers to evaluate their strengths and weaknesses.
Question: Which magazine was founded first, High Times or Airliners?

<P0-S0> The High Times Freedom Fighters was a marijuana legalization group started by "High Times" Editor-in-Chief Steven Hager in 1987. <P0-S1>  The group was famous for marching into marijuana rallies dressed in psychedelic Colonial-style outfits while playing drums. <P0-S2>  They injected some life into what had become a slowly dying legalization movement. <P0-S3>  They forged a new generation of activists, and created a number of events around the country, the largest being the Boston Freedom Rally, which drew 100,000 people to Boston Common in the 1990s. <P0-S4>  The Freedom Fighters published a national newsletter for four years edited by Linda Noel (who also founded the Boston Freedom Rally). <P0-S5>  The Freedom Fighters also created free kitchens at the summer National Rainbow Family Gatherings, and the winter Regional Gatherings in Ocala, Florida. <SEP> <P1-S0> High Times is a New York-based monthly magazine founded in 1974 by Tom Forçade. <P1-S1>  The publication advocates the legalization of cannabis. <P1-S2>  The magazine has been involved in the marijuana-using counterculture since its inception. <SEP> <P2-S0> Airliners was an American magazine dedicated to the airline industry. <P2-S1>  Six issues were circulated each year. <P2-S2>  The title was first published by World Transport Press in 1988. <P2-S3>  Since the 100th issue (July/August 2006) it was produced by Airliners Publications, LLC. <P2-S4>  For a time, the editorial headquarters of the magazine was in Castro Valley, California, although it later was based in Miami. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Underground Press Syndicate (UPS), later known as the Alternative Press Syndicate (APS), was a network of countercultural newspapers and magazines formed in mid-1966 by the publishers of five early underground papers: the "East Village Other," the "Los Angeles Free Press," the "Berkeley Barb", "The Paper," and "Fifth Estate." <P3-S1>  As it evolved, the Underground Press Syndicate created an Underground Press Service, and later its own magazine. <P3-S2>  For many years the Underground Press Syndicate was run by Tom Forcade, who later founded "High Times" magazine.
Question: Which director is from a country closer to the United States, Arturo Ripstein or Bahman Ghobadi?

<P0-S0> Bahman Ghobadi (Persian: بهمن قبادی‎ ‎ ; Kurdish: به‌همه‌ن قوبادی / Behmen Qubadî) is an Iranian film director, producer and writer of Kurdish ethnicity. <P0-S1>  He was born on February 1, 1969 in Baneh, Kurdistan province. <P0-S2>  Ghobadi belongs to the "new wave" of Iranian cinema. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Golden Shell (Spanish: "Concha de Oro" ; Basque: "Urrezko Maskorra" ) is the highest prize given to a competing film at the San Sebastián Film Festival. <P1-S1>  It was introduced in 1957. <P1-S2>  In 1953 and 1954, the highest prize had been called the Gran Premio. <P1-S3>  In 1955 and 1956 it was replaced by the Silver Shell. <P1-S4>  Five directors have won the Golden Shell twice: American director Francis Ford Coppola (in 1969 & 1984), Spanish director Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón (in 1982 & 1986), Mexican director Arturo Ripstein (in 1993 & 2000), Iranian director Bahman Ghobadi (in 2004 & 2006) and Spanish director Imanol Uribe (in 1994 & 1996). <SEP> <P2-S0> Ashkan Kooshanejad, (Persian: اشکان کوشانژاد; born August 13, 1985) also known as Ash Koosha is an Iranian multi-instrumentalist composer, record producer, film director and futurist living in London, United Kingdom. <P2-S1>  He mainly plays synthesiser, bass and guitar. <P2-S2>  He played the lead role in an Iranian-Cannes jury prize winner docufiction film by director Bahman Ghobadi called "No One Knows About Persian Cats", which follows his band's story scouring the Iranian underground music scene trying to find musicians to play in a festival in the UK. <SEP> <P3-S0> Arturo Ripstein y Rosen (born December 13, 1943) is a Mexican film director.
Question: Which US Supreme Court case was agrued first, Betts v. Brady or City of Boerne v. Flores?

<P0-S0> City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997) , was a US Supreme Court case concerning the scope of Congress's enforcement power under Section 5 of the Fourteenth Amendment. <P0-S1>  The case also had a significant impact on historic preservation. <SEP> <P1-S0> Betts v. Brady, 316 U.S. 455 (1942), was a landmark United States Supreme Court case that denied counsel to indigent defendants when prosecuted by a state. <P1-S1>  It was famously overruled by "Gideon v. Wainwright". <SEP> <P2-S0> Boerne ( ) is a city in and the county seat of Kendall County, Texas, United States, within the Texas Hill Country. <P2-S1>  Boerne was named in honor of a Jewish-German author and publicist. <P2-S2>  The population of Boerne was 10,471 at the 2010 census. <P2-S3>  The city is noted for the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case "City of Boerne v. Flores". <P2-S4>  Founded in 1849 as Tusculum, the name was changed to Boerne when the town was platted in 1852. <SEP> <P3-S0> Aptheker v. Secretary of State, 378 U.S. 500 (1964) , was a landmark United States Supreme Court case on the right to travel and passport restrictions as they relate to Fifth Amendment due process rights and First Amendment free speech, freedom of assembly and freedom of association rights. <P3-S1>  It is the first case in which the US Supreme Court considered the constitutionality of personal restrictions on the right to travel abroad.
Question: What country are Jilin City and Xinyi, Jiangsu located in?

<P0-S0> Xinyi Middle School () is located in the south of Xinyi District of Maoming City in Guangdong Province, China. <P0-S1>  As the first county school in Xinyi District which was set up in 1916, Xinyi Middle School is also the first class school of Guangdong Province as well as Guangdong Province Civilization Unit. <P0-S2>  In 2007, passing the high school teaching evaluation, Xinyi Middle school became a national-level model high school in Guangdong Province. <SEP> <P1-S0> Xinyi () is a county-level city under the administration of Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, China. <P1-S1>  It borders the prefecture-level cities of Linyi (Shandong) to the north, Lianyungang to the northeast, and Suqian to the east and south. <SEP> <P2-S0> Jilin City (postal: Kirin; ) Is the second-largest city and former capital of Jilin province in Northeast China. <P2-S1>  As of the 2010 census, 4,413,517 people resided within its administrative area of 27166.37 km² and 1,975,121 in its built-up ("or metro") area consisting of four urban districts. <P2-S2>  A prefecture-level city, it is the only major city nationally that shares its name with its province. <SEP> <P3-S0> Yongji () is a county of central Jilin province, China, located just 18 km outside of Jilin City. <P3-S1>  It is under the administration of Jilin City, with a population of 400,000 residing in an area of 2625 km2 , and the county's seat is located in the town of Kouqian
Question: Are Glowtini and Flirtini both types of cocktail?

<P0-S0> The Glowtini is a cocktail inspired by the Year of a Million Dreams celebration at Walt Disney World Resort, and some Disneyland Resort locations. <P0-S1>  Served at restaurants all over Disney World, it consists of Skyy Citrus Vodka, Blue Curacao, peach schnapps, Sweet-N-Sour and pineapple juice, garnished with a souvenir glow cube. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sky Skipper (スカイ・スキッパー , Sukai Sukippā ) is a 1981 arcade game by Nintendo R&D1. <P1-S1>  Some sources assert that Ikegami Tsushinki also did design work on the game. <P1-S2>  The game's look and feel is very similar to "Popeye" which was released the following year, suggesting that the same development team were involved in both releases. <P1-S3>  It was released in three types of arcade cabinets: Up-right, Small Up-right/Cabarat and Cocktail. <P1-S4>  It was later ported to the Atari 2600 by Parker Bros. in 1983. <P1-S5>  The arcade version was rumored to be released only in Japan but cannot be proven and is now speculated was never released, while the Atari 2600 version was released only in North America. <SEP> <P2-S0> Cocktail sauce is one of several types of cold or room temperature sauces often served as part of the dish(es) referred to as seafood cocktail or as a condiment with other seafoods. <P2-S1>  The sauce, and the dish for which it is named, were invented by British celebrity chef Fanny Cradock . <SEP> <P3-S0> The flirtini is a cocktail containing vodka, champagne and pineapple juice. <P3-S1>  The flirtini is known for being seen on "Sex and the City" and "The Mighty Boosh". <P3-S2>  In "The Mighty Boosh", it contained a twist of lime, but no vodka.
Question: Hüsker Dü and Joy Division are both what?

<P0-S0> Hüsker Dü was an American rock band formed in Saint Paul, Minnesota, in 1979. <P0-S1>  The band's continual members were guitarist/vocalist Bob Mould, bassist Greg Norton, and drummer/vocalist Grant Hart. <P0-S2>  Hüsker Dü first gained notability as a hardcore punk band, later crossing over into alternative rock. <P0-S3>  Mould and Hart were the principal songwriters for Hüsker Dü, with Hart's higher-pitched vocals and Mould's baritone taking the lead in alternating songs. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Don't Want to Know If You Are Lonely" is a song by Hüsker Dü from their album "Candy Apple Grey". <P1-S1>  The song was written by Grant Hart. <P1-S2>  It was released both as an EP in the United States and as a single in the United Kingdom in March 1986. <P1-S3>  Hüsker Dü filmed a promotional video for the song, which garnered the band some play on MTV. <SEP> <P2-S0> 2541 is the first solo EP from Grant Hart, formerly of the band Hüsker Dü. <P2-S1>  It was Hart’s first solo release after the breakup of Hüsker Dü in January 1988 and was released as a 3-inch mini CD single and as 12-inch, 45 rpm vinyl single. <SEP> <P3-S0> Joy Division were an English rock band formed in 1976 in Salford, Greater Manchester. <P3-S1>  Originally named Warsaw, the band consisted of singer Ian Curtis, guitarist and keyboardist Bernard Sumner, bass player Peter Hook, and drummer Stephen Morris.
Question: Were both Giuseppe Ungaretti and Aleister Crowley a poet?

<P0-S0> Giuseppe Ungaretti (] ; 8 February 1888 – 2 June 1970) was an Italian modernist poet, journalist, essayist, critic, academic, and recipient of the inaugural 1970 Neustadt International Prize for Literature. <P0-S1>  A leading representative of the experimental trend known as "Ermetismo" ("Hermeticism"), he was one of the most prominent contributors to 20th century Italian literature. <P0-S2>  Influenced by symbolism, he was briefly aligned with futurism. <P0-S3>  Like many futurists, he took an irredentist position during World War I. Ungaretti debuted as a poet while fighting in the trenches, publishing one of his best-known pieces, "L'allegria" ("The Joy"). <SEP> <P1-S0> Aleister Crowley ( ; born Edward Alexander Crowley; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947) was an English occultist, ceremonial magician, poet, painter, novelist, and mountaineer. <P1-S1>  He founded the religion of Thelema, identifying himself as the prophet entrusted with guiding humanity into the Æon of Horus in the early 20th century. <P1-S2>  A prolific writer, he published widely over the course of his life. <SEP> <P2-S0> L'allegria (Joy/Happiness or better, Merriness) is a collection of poems published by Giuseppe Ungaretti in 1931. <P2-S1>  It was an expanded version of a 1919 collection "Allegria di naufragi" (merriness of the castaways). <P2-S2>  Many of the poems were written in reaction to Ungaretti's experience as a soldier of World War I. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Confessions of Aleister Crowley : An Autohagiography, by Aleister Crowley (1875–1947), is a partial autobiography by poet and occultist Crowley. <P3-S1>  It covers the early years of his life up until the mid-late 1920s but does not include the latter part of Crowley's life and career between then and his death in 1947.
Question: What band is the creator of the website with the slogan "media for the 65.8 million" part of?

<P0-S0> Redwatch is a British website associated with members of the far-right British People's Party. <P0-S1>  It publishes photographs of, and personal information about, alleged far left and anti-fascist activists. <P0-S2>  It typically targets activists in political parties, advocacy groups, trade unions and the media. <P0-S3>  The website's slogan is "Remember places, traitors' faces, they'll all pay for their crimes", a quote from neo-Nazi musician Ian Stuart Donaldson. <SEP> <P1-S0> The website's slogan says it is "media for the 65.8 million," referring to the number of votes Hillary Clinton won in the 2016 presidential election. <P1-S1>  Daou, an adviser to Clinton's 2008 presidential campaign, and prior chief executive of Shareblue told "Business Insider" that he intended the website to "reflect the worldview" of those who voted for Clinton and described the site as an "online hub for Clinton backers so that they can find easy-to-share facts, stats and other information you can take out to social media when you’re having debates on key issues people are discussing". <P1-S2>  Daou also said the website had no financial ties to Clinton. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Million Dollar Homepage is a website conceived in 2005 by Alex Tew, a student from Wiltshire, England, to raise money for his university education. <P2-S1>  The home page consists of a million pixels arranged in a 1000 × 1000 pixel grid; the image-based links on it were sold for $1 per pixel in 10 × 10 blocks. <P2-S2>  The purchasers of these pixel blocks provided tiny images to be displayed on them, a URL to which the images were linked, and a slogan to be displayed when hovering a cursor over the link. <P2-S3>  The aim of the website was to sell all of the pixels in the image, thus generating a million dollars of income for the creator. " <P2-S4> The Wall Street Journal" has commented that the site inspired other websites that sell pixels. <SEP> <P3-S0> Peter Daou is the creator of Verrit, the prior chief executive of Shareblue, and a member of the band The Daou.
Question: Who was a British suffragist and an early advocate of birth control in the United Kingdom, who died leaving  their son to be raised by his paternal grandparents ?

<P0-S0> DJ Ötzi was born as Gerhard Friedle in St. Johann, Tirol, and is the son of DJ Anton Friedle. <P0-S1>  Shortly after birth, his mother, age 17-years at the time, gave him up for adoption. <P0-S2>  He was raised by foster parents and later by his paternal grandparents in the nearby village of Erpfendorf in Tirol. <P0-S3>  At a young age he suffered from epilepsy, at age 16, his avulsion from home, landed him for a short time homelessness living on the streets. <P0-S4>  His career arose gradually, first working as a student cook, then on being discovered at a karaoke competition, went on to work as an entertainer (animateur), disc jockey and singer in discothèques around Austria, as well as tourist destinations Majorca and Turkey. <P0-S5>  Since childhood, he has endured several setbacks in his life, which continued in recent years with doctors diagnosing testicular cancer, that he defeated, only to be confronted in 2002, before the birth of his daughter, with a severe form of conductive hearing loss. <SEP> <P1-S0> John Francis Stanley Russell, 2nd Earl Russell, known as Frank Russell (12 August 1865 – 3 March 1931), was the elder surviving son of Viscount and Viscountess Amberley, and was raised by his paternal grandparents after his unconventional parents both died young. <P1-S1>  He was the grandson of the former prime minister John Russell, 1st Earl Russell and elder brother of the philosopher Bertrand Russell. <P1-S2>  He was married three times, lastly to Elizabeth von Arnim, who caricatured him in her novel "Vera". <P1-S3>  Despite his landmark achievements in other respects, this Earl Russell is most famous for being tried for bigamy in 1901, after which he was known to Edwardian society as the "Wicked Earl". <SEP> <P2-S0> Mother Country (2002) is a novel by Libby Purves about a young American computer expert who goes in search of the relatives of his biological father, a teenage heroin addict in 1970s London when she had him who was pronounced an unfit mother and who died soon after giving birth to him. <P2-S1>  Raised by his paternal grandparents, the young man has never been to England again after being carried off to America by his father, who also died young. <SEP> <P3-S0> Katharine Louisa Russell, Viscountess Amberley (née Stanley; 3 April 1842 – 28 June 1874), often referred to as Kate, was a British suffragist and an early advocate of birth control in the United Kingdom. <P3-S1>  She was the mother of the philosopher Bertrand Russell.
Question: James Watt was a Northern Irish loyalist for which paramilitary group?

<P0-S0> James Gray (1958 – 4 October 2005), known as Jim Gray, was a Northern Irish loyalist and the East Belfast brigadier of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), the largest Ulster loyalist paramilitary organisation in Northern Ireland. <P0-S1>  He was often nicknamed "Doris Day" for his flamboyant clothing, jewellery, and dyed blond hair. <P0-S2>  Another media nickname for Gray was the "Brigadier of Bling". <P0-S3>  He was the owner of several bars in East Belfast. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Loyalist Volunteer Force (LVF) is a small Ulster loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. <P1-S1>  It was formed by Billy Wright in 1996 when he and his unit split from the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) after breaking its ceasefire. <P1-S2>  They had belonged to the UVF's Mid-Ulster Brigade and Wright had been the brigade's commander. <P1-S3>  In a two-year period from August 1996, the LVF waged a paramilitary campaign with the stated goal of combatting Irish republicanism. <P1-S4>  During this time it killed at least 14 people in gun and bomb attacks. <P1-S5>  Almost all of its victims were Catholic civilians who were killed at random. <P1-S6>  The LVF called off its campaign in August 1998 and decommissioned some of its weapons, but in the early 2000s a loyalist feud led to a number of killings. <P1-S7>  Since then, the LVF has been largely inactive, but its members are believed to have been involved in rioting and organized crime. <P1-S8>  In 2015, the security forces stated that the LVF "exists only as a criminal group" in Mid-Ulster and Antrim. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) is an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group in Northern Ireland. <P2-S1>  It emerged in 1966 and is named after the original UVF of the early 20th century. <P2-S2>  Its first leader was Gusty Spence, a former British soldier. <P2-S3>  The group undertook an armed campaign of almost thirty years during the Troubles. <P2-S4>  It declared a ceasefire in 1994 and officially ended its campaign in 2007, although some of its members have continued to engage in violence and criminal activities. <P2-S5>  The group is classified as a terrorist organisation by the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and United States. <SEP> <P3-S0> James Watt also known as Tonto (born 21 September 1952) is a former Northern Irish loyalist who was the top bomb maker for the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) in the mid-1970s. <P3-S1>  In 1978, Watt was convicted and given nine separate life sentences for murder and attempted murder. <P3-S2>  These included bombings which killed a ten-year-old boy and two teenagers in two attacks carried out in April 1977 as a part of a UVF bombing campaign against republicans.