winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which magazine is older, If or Tikkun?

<P0-S0> If was an American science-fiction magazine launched in March 1952 by Quinn Publications, owned by James L. Quinn. <SEP> <P1-S0> Kate Lanphear is head of Google's Fashion Week search project. " <P1-S1> Women's Wear Daily" described the project as focused on New York Fashion Week and offering "searchable highlights provided by designers and shopping directly from the runway." <P1-S2>  Previously she was style director at "Elle", then "The New York Times"’s "T" magazine. <P1-S3>  In September 2014, she became editor-in-chief of "Maxim", hired in 2014 to lead a redesign of the faltering magazine (in 2007 ownership of the magazine sold for $250 million; in 2014 it sold again for only $2 million.) <P1-S4>  Her redesign hewed more closely to the style of men's magazines like "Esquire" and "GQ" that attracted older, more affluent readers; under her tenure, the magazine moved away from "photo spreads of scantily clad women" and featured a man (Idris Elba) on the cover for the first time. <P1-S5>  Advertising pages grew significantly, but newsstand sales of the magazine fell, and Lanphear left the magazine in November 2015. <SEP> <P2-S0> Tikkun is a quarterly interfaith Jewish left-progressive magazine, published in the United States, that analyzes American and Israeli culture, politics, religion, and history in the English language. <P2-S1>  The magazine has consistently published the work of Israeli and Palestinian left-wing intellectuals, but also included book and music reviews, personal essays, and poetry. <P2-S2>  In 2006 and 2011, the magazine was awarded the "Independent Press Award for Best Spiritual Coverage" by "Utne Reader" for its analysis of the inability of many progressives to understand people's yearning for faith, and the American fundamentalists' political influence on the international conflict among religious zealots. <P2-S3>  The magazine was founded in 1986 by Michael Lerner and his then-wife Nan Fink Gefen. <P2-S4>  Since 2012, its publisher is Duke University Press. <P2-S5>  Beyt Tikkun Synagogue, led by Rabbi Michael Lerner, is loosely affiliated with Tikkun magazine. <P2-S6>  It describes itself as a "hallachic community bound by Jewish law". <SEP> <P3-S0> The Theosophical Movement is a monthly magazine that was started by the United Lodge of Theosophists India under B.P. Wadia on November 17, 1930. <P3-S1>  It is a magazine that is devoted to the "living of the higher life". <P3-S2>  The monthly magazine is edited in Mumbai, India, by associates of the ULT. <P3-S3>  Its print and electronic editions have subscribers all over the world. <P3-S4>  All articles in the magazine are unsigned, except those that had been written by H.P.B., W.Q.J. or others who had made signed contributions in the older Theosophical magazines. <P3-S5>  Furthermore, articles in the magazine distinctly avoid all references to personal opinions and experiences of the author. <P3-S6>  These are directly in keeping with one of the core tenets of anonymity and "impersonality" of ULT associates as expressed by Robert Crosbie. <P3-S7>  The magazine is dedicated to:
Question: What type of media does Everyone's Hero and 20th Century Fox have in common?

<P0-S0> Everyone's Hero is a 2006 American computer-animated sports comedy film directed by Colin Brady, Christopher Reeve, and Daniel St. Pierre. <P0-S1>  It was produced by IDT Entertainment in Toronto, with portions outsourced to Reel FX Creative Studios. <P0-S2>  It was distributed by 20th Century Fox and released theatrically on September 15, 2006. <P0-S3>  "Everyone's Hero" earned $16 million worldwide during its theatrical run. <P0-S4>  The film stars Jake T. Austin, William H. Macy, Rob Reiner, Brian Dennehy, Raven-Symoné, Robert Wagner, Richard Kind, Dana Reeve, Joe Torre, Mandy Patinkin, Forest Whitaker, Robin Williams and Whoopi Goldberg. <P0-S5>  "Everyone's Hero" was released on DVD on March 20, 2007, by 20th Century Fox Home Entertainment. <SEP> <P1-S0> Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation (known as Twentieth Century-Fox Film Corporation with hyphen from 1935 until 1985, stylized as 20th Century Fox or simply known as Fox or 20th Century Fox Pictures) is an American film studio currently owned by 21st Century Fox. <P1-S1>  It is one of the "Big Six" major American film studios and is located in the Century City area of Los Angeles, just west of Beverly Hills. <P1-S2>  The studio was owned by News Corporation from 1984 to 2013. <SEP> <P2-S0> This is a list of programs produced or co-produced by 20th Century Fox's television divisions, including 20th Century Fox Television, Fox 21 Television Studios, Fox Television Animation, Fox Television Stations Group, Regency Television, Fox Factory, and 20th Television. <SEP> <P3-S0> Twentieth Century Fox Television (TCFTV, stylized as 20th Century Fox Television) is the television production subsidiary of 20th Century Fox, and a production arm of the Fox Television Group (both are owned by Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox). <P3-S1>  20th Television is the syndication and distribution arm of 20th Century Fox Television.
Question: In which state did Free-Staters settle?

<P0-S0> Aguata is a Local Government Area in Anambra state in Nigeria with its headquarters in Aguata (location of the headquarters office buildings) major part of which falls into the city of Ekwulobia while the smallest part falls within Aguluezechukwu. <P0-S1>  There has been an age-long contention on this issue between the indigenes of Aguluezechukwu and Ekwulobia with both towns claiming the status of the headquarters on account of ownership claim to the 'Aguata land'. <P0-S2>  This state of affairs made the Government of Anambra State to officially declare that the headquarters of Aguata Local Government Area should be Aguata (the neuter name of the location in which the headquarters of Aguata Local Government Area Offices are sited) in a bid to settle the conflict. <P0-S3>  Slogan: The Orient Colossus. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Topeka Constitutional Convention met from October 23 to Nov 11, 1855 in Topeka, Kansas Territory at Constitution Hall. <P1-S1>  It drafted the Topeka Constitution that would have banned slavery in Kansas. <P1-S2>  The convention was organized by Free-Staters to counter the pro slavery Territorial legislature elected March 5, 1855 in polling suffering widely from electoral fraud and the intimidation of free state settlers. <SEP> <P2-S0> Free-Staters were those settlers in Kansas Territory during the Bleeding Kansas era in the 1850s who opposed the extension of slavery to Kansas. <P2-S1>  The name derives from the term "free state", that is, a U.S. state without slavery. <SEP> <P3-S0> The New England Emigrant Aid Company (originally the Massachusetts Emigrant Aid Company) was a transportation company in Boston, Massachusetts, created to transport immigrants to the Kansas Territory to shift the balance of power so that Kansas would enter the United States as a free state, rather than a slave state. <P3-S1>  Created by Eli Thayer in the wake of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, which allowed the population of Kansas Territory to choose whether slavery would be legal, the Company is noted less for its direct impact than for the psychological impact it had on proslavery and antislavery elements. <P3-S2>  Thayer's prediction that the Company would eventually be able to send 20,000 immigrants a year never came to fruition, but it spurred Border Ruffians from nearby Missouri, where slavery was legal, to move to Kansas to ensure its admission to the Union as a slave state. <P3-S3>  That, in turn, further galvanized Free-Staters and enemies of Slave Power.
Question: Who is a two-time academy award winner for best art direction, who also the production design for Sodom and Gomorrah?

<P0-S0> What Dreams May Come is a 1998 American fantasy drama film, starring Robin Williams and Cuba Gooding Jr. The film is based on the 1978 novel of the same name by Richard Matheson, and was directed by Vincent Ward. <P0-S1>  It won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design. <P0-S2>  It was also nominated for the Academy Award for Best Art Direction. <P0-S3>  The title is from a line in "Hamlet"' s "To be, or not to be" soliloquy. <SEP> <P1-S0> Victor J. Zolfo is a set decorator who has worked in the film industry since the late 1980s. <P1-S1>  Zolfo won the Academy Award for Best Art Direction and the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design for the 2008 film "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button", sharing the awards for the film with art director and production designer Donald Graham Burt. <P1-S2>  He was also part of the 20-person team who won the Art Directors Guild's Excellence in Production Design Award for "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button". <SEP> <P2-S0> Sodom and Gomorrah — known in the USA as The Last Days of Sodom and Gomorrah — is a 1962 epic film which is loosely based on the Biblical tale of Sodom and Gomorrah. <P2-S1>  The film was a Franco-Italian-American co-production made by Pathé, SGC and Titanus. <P2-S2>  It was directed by Robert Aldrich and produced by Maurizio Lodi-Fe, Goffredo Lombardo and Joseph E. Levine. <P2-S3>  The screenplay was by Giorgio Prosperi and Hugo Butler, the cinematography by Alfio Contini, Silvano Ippoliti, Cyril J. Knowles and Mario Montuori, the music score by Miklós Rózsa, the production design by Ken Adam and the costume design by Giancarlo Bartolini Salimbeni and Peter Tanner. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sir Kenneth Hugo Adam, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born Klaus Hugo Adam; 5 February 1921 – 10 March 2016) was a British movie production designer, best known for his set designs for the James Bond films of the 1960s and 1970s, as well as for "Dr. Strangelove". <P3-S1>  He won two Academy Awards for Best Art Direction. <P3-S2>  Born in Berlin, he relocated to England with his Jewish family at the age of 13 soon after the Nazis came to power, and was one of only three German-born pilots in the British Royal Air Force during the Second World War.
Question: Rajasekhar is an actor who starred in which K. Viswanath musical drama?

<P0-S0> Rajasekhar (born Rajasekhar Varadharajan on 4 February 1962) is an Indian film actor known for his works in Telugu cinema, even though a Tamilian by birth. <P0-S1>  In a career spanning more than thirty years, he acted in a variety of roles. <P0-S2>  He starred in Blockbusters films like "Talambralu", "Shrutilayalu", "Aahuti", "Ankusham", "Magaadu", "Allari Priyudu", "Anna", "Omkaram", "Suryudu", "Sivayya", "Manasunna Maaraju", "Maa Annayya", "Simharasi", "Evadaithe Nakenti & Gorintaku". <P0-S3>  Rajasekhar won 2 Filmfare Awards Best actor - Telugu for the films "Magaadu" & "Anna". <SEP> <P1-S0> Shrutilayalu is a 1987 Telugu musical drama film, directed by K. Viswanath. <P1-S1>  The film starred Rajasekhar and Sumalata. <P1-S2>  The soundtrack was composed by K. V. Mahadevan. <P1-S3>  The film has garnered the Nandi Awards for Best feature film; Best direction, and a Filmfare Award for Best Director – Telugu. <P1-S4>  The film was premiered at the International Film Festival of India, and AISFM Film Festival. <SEP> <P2-S0> Swati Kiranam is a 1992 Telugu musical drama film directed by K. Viswanath. <P2-S1>  Produced by V. Madhusudhan Rao the film starred Mammootty, Master Manjunath, and Radhika Sarathkumar. <P2-S2>  The film is about an egoistic music teacher envious of the extraordinary talent of his prodigious young disciple. <SEP> <P3-S0> Judo. <P3-S1>  K. K. Rathnam also known as Judo Rathnam (born as K. K. Rathnam) is a fight master/action choreographer in Kollywood, Bollywood, Mollywood, Sandalwood and Tollywood. <P3-S2>  He was born in Gudiyatham. <P3-S3>  He made his debut as an actor in the film "Thamaraikkulam" in 1959, later he made his debut as a stunt master in the film "Konjum Kumari" in 1963 and made his last appearance as an actor before his retirement in the film "Thalainagaram" in 2006. <P3-S4>  Stunt masters like Vikram Dharma, Super Subbarayan, Thalapathy Dinesh, Jaguar Thangam, Indian Bhaskar, Rajasekhar, Ambur R. S. Babu and M. Shahul Hameed have worked as fighters and assistants to him. <P3-S5>  His son Judo. <P3-S6>  K. K. Ramu is also a stunt master.His grandson John prince is also a stunt master
Question: Who founded the University where Rick Potts received his bachelor's degree?

<P0-S0> Potts graduated from Temple University in his home town of Philadelphia. <P0-S1>  In 1982 Potts received his doctorate in biological anthropology from Harvard University. <P0-S2>  Prior to joining the Smithsonian Institution he taught at Yale University and was its Peabody Museum of Natural History curator of Physical Anthropology. <SEP> <P1-S0> Temple University (Temple or TU) is a state-related doctoral university located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. <P1-S1>  It was founded in 1884 by Baptist Minister Russell Conwell. <P1-S2>  In 1882, Conwell came to Pennsylvania to lead the Grace Baptist Church while he began tutoring working class citizens late at night to accommodate their work schedules. <P1-S3>  These students, later dubbed "night owls," were taught in the basement of Conwell's Baptist Temple, hence the origin of the university's name and mascot. <P1-S4>  By 1907, the institution revised its institutional status and was incorporated as a university. <SEP> <P2-S0> Postbaccalaureate programs (postbac) is reserved for students who are working toward a second bachelor's degree or a second entry degree. <P2-S1>  These programs are offered for those who already have a first undergraduate degree. <P2-S2>  Post Baccalaureate programs are not considered traditional graduate education, but it is more advanced than a bachelor's degree. <P2-S3>  These programs are offered under the umbrella of continuing education and leads to a second graduate degree. <P2-S4>  Often first year of the second entry degree is redacted with Postbaccalaureate credentials (PBD). <P2-S5>  Programs like post-degree diploma, graduate diploma, graduate certificates or a pre-medical to a master's degree in a field such as biomedical or health sciences may come under the range of post-baccalaureate programs. <P2-S6>  In addition, students with a bachelor's degree, who wish to pursue a master's degree in a field other than their BS/BA degree, may be admitted to a college or university individualized or preset postbac program to earn the necessary entry credits in their new chosen subject. <P2-S7>  These courses of study are considered as an equivalent blend of foundation year graduate/professional school studies and final year of the specific bachelor's program. <P2-S8>  This also provides opportunity to those who prepare for changing careers and profession or as a supportive for those interested in continuing education to familiarize with new modalities in their particular fields. <P2-S9>  The usual length of the programs is 8 months to 1 year and the advanced grad-entry program is for 2 years. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Los Angeles Free Music Society (LAFMS) is a loose underground collective of experimental avant-rock artist-musicians formed in 1973. <P3-S1>  Described as a "lightning rod for art-damage, weird-music lovers everywhere," LAFMS was formed by Chip Chapman, Joe Potts, Rick Potts and Tom Recchion. <P3-S2>  in addition to performing in various configurations, LAFMS produced records, organized concerts, and produced a magazine titled "Light Bulb."
Question: In what year was the author of "Paths of Glory" born?

<P0-S0> Steve LeVine (born 1957 in New York) is a writer, journalist and blogger. <P0-S1>  He is Future Editor for "Axios", a startup news site created by the founders of Politico, where he writes on the geopolitics of robots, society and energy. <P0-S2>  He is also a Future Tense Fellow at the New America Foundation. <P0-S3>  He is also an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service, where he teaches energy security in the graduate-level Security Studies Program. <P0-S4>  Previously, he was a foreign correspondent for eighteen years in the former Soviet Union, Pakistan and the Philippines, for "The Wall Street Journal", "The New York Times", "The Washington Post", the "Financial Times" and "Newsweek". <P0-S5>  He formerly wrote "The Oil and the Glory", a blog on energy and geopolitics at "Foreign Policy" magazine. <P0-S6>  LeVine is married to Nurilda Nurlybayeva and has two daughters. <P0-S7>  He has published three books: "The Oil and the Glory" (2007) which tells the story of the struggle for fortune, glory and power on the Caspian Sea; and "Putin's Labyrinth" (2008), a profile of Russia through the life and death of a half-dozen Russians. <P0-S8>  His latest book, "The Powerhouse", on the geopolitics of advanced batteries, which was long-listed for the Financial Times-McKinsey 2015 Business Book of the Year. <SEP> <P1-S0> Jean-Jacques Beineix (] ; born 8 October 1946) is a French film director and generally seen as the best example of what came to be called the "cinéma du look". <P1-S1>  Critic Ginette Vincendeau defined the films made by Beineix and others as "youth-oriented films with high production values...The "look" of the "cinéma du look" refers to the films' high investment in non-naturalistic, self-conscious aesthetics, notably intense colours and lighting effects. <P1-S2>  Their spectacular (studio based) and technically brilliant "mise-en-scène" is usually put to the service of romantic plots." <P1-S3>  The "cinéma du look" included the films of Luc Besson and Léos Carax. <P1-S4>  Luc Besson, like Beineix, was much maligned by the critical establishment during the 1980s, while Carax was much admired. <P1-S5>  In late 2006, Beineix published a first volume of his autobiography, "Les Chantiers de la gloire" (in French only). <P1-S6>  The title alluded to the French title of Stanley Kubrick's film, "Les Sentiers de la gloire" ("Paths of Glory"). <SEP> <P2-S0> Paths of Glory is a novel by English author Jeffrey Archer based on the story of George Mallory who died attempting to climb Everest in the 1920s. <P2-S1>  It was published by St. Martin's Press on 3 March 2009. <P2-S2>  It fictionally supports the claims that George Mallory, an Englishman, was the first to conquer Mount Everest — before Sir Edmund Hillary. <SEP> <P3-S0> Jeffrey Howard Archer, Baron Archer of Weston-super-Mare (born 15 April 1940) is an English novelist and politician.
Question: Are both Marcel Carné and Jane Campion film directors?

<P0-S0> Jean Aurenche (1903–1992) was a French screenwriter. <P0-S1>  During his career, he wrote 80 films for directors such as René Clément, Bertrand Tavernier, Marcel Carné, Jean Delannoy, Sidney Lumet and Claude Autant Lara. <P0-S2>  He is often associated with the screenwriter Pierre Bost, with whom he had a fertile partnership from 1940 to 1975. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sweetie is an 1989 Australian drama film directed by Jane Campion, and starring Genevieve Lemon, Karen Colston, Tom Lycos, and Jon Darling. <P1-S1>  Co-written by Campion and Gerard Lee, the film documents the contentious relationship between a twenty-something year old, her family, and her emotionally unstable sister. <P1-S2>  It was Jane Campion's first feature film. <P1-S3>  It was entered into the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. <SEP> <P2-S0> Dame Elizabeth Jane Campion {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 30 April 1954) is a New Zealand screenwriter, producer, and director. <P2-S1>  Campion is the second of four women ever nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and is the first—and thus far, only—female filmmaker in history to receive the "Palme d'Or", which she received for directing the acclaimed film "The Piano" (1993), for which she also won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay. <SEP> <P3-S0> Marcel Carné (] ; 18 August 1906 – 31 October 1996) was a French film director. <P3-S1>  A key figure in the poetic realism movement, Carné's best known films include "Port of Shadows" (1938), "Le Jour Se Lève" (1939), "The Devil's Envoys" (1942) and "Children of Paradise" (1945), the last of which has been cited as one of the greatest films of all time.
Question: Where did The Merseybeats emerge?

<P0-S0> The Merseybeats (also related vocal duo The Merseys) are a band that emerged from the Liverpool Merseybeat scene in the early 1960s, performing at The Cavern Club along with the Beatles, Gerry and the Pacemakers and other similar artists. <SEP> <P1-S0> William Ellis "Billy" Kinsley (born 28 November 1946, Anfield, Liverpool) is an English musician with The Merseybeats until 1966 (although he temporarily left the band both to form the Kinsleys) The group disbanded in January 1966 to resurface as a duo called The Merseys. <P1-S1>  They recorded The McCoys' song "Sorrow" (also covered by David Bowie on his 1973 cover album, "Pin Ups") with the band before embarking on a solo career, where he recorded "Bye Bye Baby". <P1-S2>  This song is not to be confused with a Four Seasons track of a similar title, but rather a typical Merseybeat tune. <P1-S3>  Followed by the singles: "Annabella", and "You Make My Day". <P1-S4>  Kinsley also undertook session work, which most notably included working for Apple Records (alongside George Harrison on at least one song for Jackie Lomax). <P1-S5>  He also worked on the popular "Top of the Pops" record series, which contained anonymous cover versions of recent and current hit singles. <P1-S6>  During this time he worked with fellow musician friend, Jimmy Campbell, and formed the band Rockin' Horse. <P1-S7>  They recorded one album and toured England and Europe as the backing band for Chuck Berry. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Cavern Club is a nightclub at 10 Mathew Street, in Liverpool, England. <SEP> <P3-S0> Rafflesia tuan-mudae is a member of the Rafflesiaceae family. <P3-S1>  It lives as a parasite on the "Tetrastigma" vine. <P3-S2>  The enormous flowers may reach up to 1 m in diameter. <P3-S3>  The buds normally emerge where the vine is growing along the ground, unlike some of the other "Rafflesia" species whose buds can emerge from vines hanging in the air.
Question: The book based on the musical Dusty was written by which Australian radio commentator?

<P0-S0> John-Michael Howson, OAM (born 8 August 1936, Elwood, Victoria) is an Australian writer, reporter and entertainer and Melbourne radio 3AW commentator. <P0-S1>  His involvement in the Australian entertainment scene as a writer, producer and performer spans more than 50 years. <SEP> <P1-S0> Dusty – The Original Pop Diva is an Australian jukebox musical based on the life of Dusty Springfield. <P1-S1>  The book of the musical was written by John-Michael Howson, David Mitchell and Melvyn Morrow. <P1-S2>  "Dusty" received its world premiere on 12 January 2006 at the State Theatre of the Victorian Arts Centre, Melbourne, Australia. <SEP> <P2-S0> Forever Dusty is a stage musical based on the life of British pop star Dusty Springfield. <P2-S1>  The musical numbers are all songs performed by Springfield during her career. <P2-S2>  The book of the musical was written by Kirsten Holly Smith, who also plays the lead role of Dusty Springfield in the originating production, and Jonathan Vankin. <P2-S3>  "Forever Dusty" opened on 18 November 2012 at New World Stages, an Off-Broadway venue in New York City. <P2-S4>  The UK Premiere opened on 3 May 2017 at Brookside Theatre, a London Fringe theatre as the start of a UK theatre tour. <SEP> <P3-S0> Paul John Kelly (born 11 October 1947) is a conservative Australian political journalist, author and television and radio commentator from Sydney. <P3-S1>  He has worked in a variety of roles, principally for "The Australian" newspaper, and is currently its Editor-at-large. <P3-S2>  Paul also appears as a commentator on Sky News and has written seven books on political events in Australia since the 1970s including on the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. <P3-S3>  Recent works include, "The March of Patriots", which chronicles the creation of a modern Australia during the 1991–2007 era of Prime Ministers, Paul Keating and John Howard, and "Triumph & Demise" which focuses on the leadership tensions at the heart of the Rudd-Gillard Labor Governments of 2007-2011. <P3-S4>  Kelly presented the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) TV documentary series, "100 Years – The Australian Story" (2001) and wrote a book of the same title.
Question: What year did the author of The Mummy's Foot die?

<P0-S0> Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier (] ; 30 August 1811 – 23 October 1872) was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, and art and literary critic. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Lost in a Pyramid; or, The Mummy's Curse" is a short story written by American author Louisa May Alcott and first published by Frank Leslie in 1869. <P1-S1>  Despite being largely overlooked throughout the twentieth century, "Lost in a Pyramid" was rediscovered in 1998 and has since become an influential example of early "mummy's curse" narratives. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Mummy's Foot (French: "Le Pied de momie" ) is a gothic short story by the French writer Théophile Gautier, first published in 1840. <P2-S1>  It relates the fantastical tale of a contemporary man and the adventures which befall him when he ventures into a Parisian curiosity shop and buys the four-thousand-year-old foot of Princess Hermonthis. <SEP> <P3-S0> The phrase die hard was first used during the Battle of Albuera (1811) in the Peninsular War. <P3-S1>  During the battle, Lieutenant-Colonel William Inglis of the 57th (West Middlesex) Regiment of Foot was wounded by canister shot. <P3-S2>  Despite his injuries, Inglis refused to retire from the battle but remained with the regimental colours, encouraging his men with the words "Die hard 57th, die hard!" <P3-S3>  as they came under intense pressure from a French attack. <P3-S4>  The 'Die Hards' subsequently became the West Middlesex’s regimental nickname.
Question: What profession did Shingai Shoniwa and Jeffrey Steele have in common?

<P0-S0> Noisettes are an English indie rock band from London, currently composed of singer and bassist Shingai Shoniwa and guitarist Dan Smith. <P0-S1>  The band first achieved commercial success and nationwide recognition with the second single of their second album, "Don't Upset the Rhythm (Go Baby Go)" which reached number two on the UK Singles Chart in Spring 2009. <SEP> <P1-S0> Shingai Elizabeth Maria Shoniwa ( ; born on 1 September 1981) is an English singer, best known as the vocalist and bassist for the UK indie rock band Noisettes. <P1-S1>  Her first name, Shingai, means "be bold/courageous/strong" in the Shona language. <SEP> <P2-S0> Jeffrey LeVasseur (born August 27, 1961) is an American country music singer and songwriter, more commonly known by the name Jeffrey Steele. <P2-S1>  Along with recording his own material, Steele has become a prolific Nashville songwriter, having co-written more than sixty hit songs for such artists as Montgomery Gentry, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, LeAnn Rimes, Rascal Flatts, Billy Ray Cyrus, and others. <SEP> <P3-S0> "It's a Beautiful Thing", also known as "Love Is a Beautiful Thing", is a country music song co-written by American songwriters Jeffrey Steele and Craig Wiseman. <P3-S1>  The first version of this song was released on September 14, 1999 (Morten Harket's 40th birthday) by Canadian singer Paul Brandt from his 1999 album "That's the Truth", from which it was released as a single in both Canada and the United States. <P3-S2>  Eight years later, American singer Phil Vassar covered the song under the title "Love Is a Beautiful Thing" on his album "Prayer of a Common Man". <P3-S3>  Vassar's version reached its peak of #2 on the "Billboard" Hot Country Songs charts in mid-2008.
Question: Which singer is from England, Kevin Rowland or Suzuka Nakamoto?

<P0-S0> Suzuka Nakamoto (中元 すず香 , Nakamoto Suzuka , born December 20, 1997) , known by her stage names Suzuka and Su-metal, is a Japanese idol. <P0-S1>  She is best known as the lead vocalist of three-piece kawaii metal band Babymetal. <P0-S2>  She is represented by the talent agency Amuse, Inc. and has been a member of three musical groups formed by the company: Karen Girl's, Sakura Gakuin, and Babymetal. <SEP> <P1-S0> My Beauty is a solo album by Kevin Rowland, lead singer of Dexys Midnight Runners. <P1-S1>  It was released in 1999, eleven years after his solo debut "The Wanderer". <P1-S2>  In the interim he had experienced problems with drug addiction. <P1-S3>  "My Beauty" is an album of cover songs, although Rowland rewrote several of the lyrics to reflect his battles against substance abuse. <P1-S4>  The album is notorious for its cover, which shows Rowland in drag and heavy make up, an image which Rowland also used during contemporaneous appearances at the Glastonbury and Reading festivals. <P1-S5>  During his appearance at Reading he was pelted with bottles thrown by the audience. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kevin Antony Rowland (born 17 August 1953) is an English born singer-songwriter of Irish descent and frontman for the pop band Dexys Midnight Runners (currently called Dexys), which had several hits in the early 1980s, the most notable being "Geno" and "Come On Eileen", both of which reached Number One in the U.K. singles charts. <SEP> <P3-S0> Babymetal (stylized as BABYMETAL) is a Japanese metal idol band. <P3-S1>  Their line-up consists of Suzuka Nakamoto as "Su-metal", Yui Mizuno as "Yuimetal", and Moa Kikuchi as "Moametal". <P3-S2>  The concept of the group is a fusion of the heavy metal and Japanese idol genres. <P3-S3>  The three teenage girls and their band are managed by the Amuse talent agency. <P3-S4>  Their vocals are backed by heavy metal instrumentation played by the Kami Band. <P3-S5>  Babymetal released their eponymous debut album in February 2014. <P3-S6>  Their second album "Metal Resistance" was released worldwide on  01, 2016 (2016--) .
Question: An American Songwriter born September 7 released a song on June 6, 2000 in what album?

<P0-S0> Diane Eve Warren (born September 7, 1956) is an American songwriter. <P0-S1>  She rose to prominence in 1983, and has since written songs for and with multiple music artists, as well as for several films. <SEP> <P1-S0> Ruth Alice "Ronnie" Gilbert (September 7, 1926 – June 6, 2015) was an American folk singer, songwriter, actress and political activist. <P1-S1>  She was one of the original members of the music quartet the Weavers, as a contralto with Pete Seeger, Lee Hays, and Fred Hellerman. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Can't Take That Away (Mariah's Theme)" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey. <P2-S1>  It was released by Columbia Records on June 6, 2000, written by Carey and Diane Warren, and produced by Carey and Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis for Carey's seventh studio album "Rainbow" (1999). <P2-S2>  It was released as the album's third single and a double A-side with "Crybaby". <P2-S3>  The song is a ballad, blending pop and R&B beats while incorporating its sound from several instruments including the violin, piano and organ. <P2-S4>  Lyrically, the song speaks of inner strength, and not allowing others to tear away your dreams. <SEP> <P3-S0> Harper James Simon (born September 7, 1972) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist and producer. <P3-S1>  His music has appeared on several albums and in film and television shows. <P3-S2>  He is the son of musician Paul Simon and his first wife, Peggy Harper. <P3-S3>  In 2010 he released his critically lauded self-titled solo album, which "Rolling Stone" called "a gorgeous collection of vintage-sounding country-folk tunes." <P3-S4>  In its review of the album, "American Songwriter" called Harper "a real star in the making."
Question: Which Off-Broadway hit by screenwriter and actor Tracy Letts was housed in the Barrow Street Theatre?

<P0-S0> What? <P0-S1>  And Give Up Show Biz? <P0-S2>  is a live double album by Austin, Texas-based band Asylum Street Spankers, which documents the band's performance of a revue of the same name at Barrow Street Theatre during a two-week period in January 2008. <P0-S3>  The album was released on September 30, 2008 on Yellow Dog Records in the United States. <P0-S4>  In his review of the revue, David Sprague of "Variety" wrote: "The book, built on fleshed-out codifications of the members’ road-tested stage banter, is somewhat slight, but the ratio of knee-slappers to groan-inducers is high enough to make it diverting." <P0-S5>  In the same review, he concluded, "...given the Spankers’ remarkably deft musicianship and bottomless pit of material — bad breaks and bad brakes are both likely to be part of the touring band vernacular for some time to come — the revue would seem to have legs." <SEP> <P1-S0> Tracy Letts (born July 4, 1965) is an American playwright, screenwriter and actor. <P1-S1>  He received the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his play "" and a Tony Award for his portrayal of George in the revival of "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" <P1-S2>  He is also known for his portrayal of Andrew Lockhart in seasons 3 and 4 of Showtime's "Homeland", for which he has been nominated for two Screen Actors Guild Awards as a member of the ensemble. <P1-S3>  He currently portrays Nick on the HBO comedy "Divorce". <SEP> <P2-S0> Barrow Street Theatre is an Off Broadway theatre venue (199 seats) located in New York City's historic Greenwich House. <P2-S1>  The venue was home to the Drama Dept. theatre company in the late 1990s. <P2-S2>  Since 2003, the space has been leased to Barrow Street Theatre, operated by producers Scott Morfee and Tom Wirtshafter. <P2-S3>  The Barrow Street Theatre has been home to a number of long-running Off-Broadway hits, including "Bug" by Tracy Letts and "Orson's Shadow" by Austin Pendleton. <SEP> <P3-S0> B Street Theatre is a 501c3 non-profit theater located in Sacramento, California. <P3-S1>  It was founded by actor Timothy Busfield in 1986 as Theatre for Children, Inc., the company’s first focus was a touring theatre company for children. <P3-S2>  The B Street Theatre School Tour (formerly known as Fantasy Theatre) was and continues to be extremely popular in the community— performing 12 times per week, 38 weeks a year. <P3-S3>  The School Tour has received critical acclaim by the media and educators. <P3-S4>  It is estimated that 3.6 million California children (currently about 200,000 per year) have attend performances since B Street Theatre's inception. <P3-S5>  For many children, The B Street Theatre School Tour is their only exposure to the live theatre in Northern California.
Question: What is the first name of the American director, born September 24, 1957, that produced the movie "Batteries Not Included"? 

<P0-S0> Batteries Not Included (stylized as *batteries not included) is a 1987 American family comic science fiction film directed by Matthew Robbins about small extraterrestrial living spaceships that save an apartment block under threat from property development. <P0-S1>  The story was originally intended to be featured in the television series "Amazing Stories", but executive producer Steven Spielberg liked the idea so much that he decided to adapt it into a film. <P0-S2>  It is also notable for being the feature film screenwriting debut of Brad Bird, who was one of the producers of the film. <SEP> <P1-S0> Phillip Bradley "Brad" Bird (born September 24, 1957) is an American director, screenwriter, animator, producer and occasional voice actor, known for animated and live-action films. <SEP> <P2-S0> Donald Wrye (September 24, 1934 – May 15, 2015) was an American director, screenwriter and producer. <P2-S1>  He is best known for directing the 1978 film "Ice Castles". <P2-S2>  He died on May 15, 2015, at his home in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ferris B. Streeter (September 24, 1819 – August 19, 1877) (his first name is sometimes spelled "Farris") was a Pennsylvania attorney, legislator and jurist who served as Solicitor of the United States Treasury.
Question: Are Mike Ness and Oliver Sykes both lead vocalists of their bands?

<P0-S0> Oliver "Oli" Scott Sykes (born 20 November 1986) is an English musician, best known as the lead vocalist of the band Bring Me the Horizon. <P0-S1>  He also founded the apparel company Drop Dead clothing. <P0-S2>  Sykes has also created the graphic novel "Raised By Raptors" with Drop Dead Clothing artist Ben Ashton-Bell. <SEP> <P1-S0> Michael James Ness (born April 3, 1962) is an American guitarist, vocalist, producer and chief songwriter for the punk rock band Social Distortion, which was formed in 1978. <P1-S1>  Mike Ness' songs are represented by Downtown Music Publishing. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Shadow Moses" is a song by English rock band Bring Me the Horizon. <P2-S1>  Written by vocalist Oliver Sykes, guitarist Lee Malia and keyboardist Jordan Fish, it was produced by Terry Date and featured on the band's 2013 fourth studio album "Sempiternal". <P2-S2>  The song was released as the lead single from the album on 11 January 2013, reaching number 82 on the UK Singles Chart and number 2 on the UK Rock & Metal Singles Chart. <SEP> <P3-S0> Social Distortion is an American punk rock band formed in 1978 in Fullerton, California. <P3-S1>  The band currently consists of Mike Ness (lead vocals, lead guitar), Jonny Wickersham (rhythm guitar, backing vocals), Brent Harding (bass, backing vocals), David Hidalgo Jr. (drums), and David Kalish (keyboards).
Question: Did Employment Division v. Smith and Ex parte Young both have somone acting on their behalf?

<P0-S0> Ex parte Young, 209 U.S. 123 (1908) , is a United States Supreme Court case that allows suits in federal courts against officials acting on behalf of states of the union to proceed despite the State's Sovereign immunity, when the State acted unconstitutionally. <SEP> <P1-S0> Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996) , was a United States Supreme Court case which held that Article One of the U.S. Constitution did not give the United States Congress the power to abrogate the sovereign immunity of the states that is further protected under the Eleventh Amendment. <P1-S1>  Such abrogation is permitted where it is necessary to enforce the rights of citizens guaranteed under the Fourteenth Amendment as per "Fitzpatrick v. Bitzer" 427 U.S. 445 (1976). <P1-S2>  The case also held that the doctrine of "Ex parte Young", 209 U.S. 123 (1908), which allows state officials to be sued in their official capacity for prospective injunctive relief, was inapplicable under these circumstances, because any remedy was limited to the one that Congress had provided. <SEP> <P2-S0> Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990) , is a United States Supreme Court case that held that the state could deny unemployment benefits to a person fired for violating a state prohibition on the use of peyote, even though the use of the drug was part of a religious ritual. <P2-S1>  Although states have the "power" to accommodate otherwise illegal acts performed in pursuit of religious beliefs, they are not "required" to do so. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ex parte Endo, or Ex parte Mitsuye Endo, 323 U.S. 283 (1944), was a United States Supreme Court ex parte decision handed down on December 18, 1944, in which the Justices unanimously ruled that the U.S. government could not continue to detain a citizen who was "concededly loyal" to the United States. <P3-S1>  Although the Court did not touch on the constitutionality of the exclusion of people of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast—which they had found not to violate citizen rights in their "Korematsu v. United States" decision on the same date—the Endo ruling nonetheless led to the reopening of the West Coast to Japanese Americans after their incarceration in camps across the U.S. interior during World War II.
Question: Are both Matty Mullins and Wayne Coyne from the same band?

<P0-S0> Matty Mullins (born July 3, 1988) is an American rock musician. <P0-S1>  He is the lead vocalist of Dallas-based metalcore band Memphis May Fire. <SEP> <P1-S0> Christmas on Mars is a science fiction film from the alternative rock band The Flaming Lips, written and directed by the band's frontman, Wayne Coyne, and featuring the entire band in the cast, as well as many of their associates, including Steve Burns, Adam Goldberg, and Fred Armisen. <SEP> <P2-S0> Electric Würms are an American band. <P2-S1>  The band is a collaboration between The Flaming Lips members Steven Drozd, Wayne Coyne and Nashville, TN band Linear Downfall. <P2-S2>  Their album, "Muzik Die Schwer Zu Twerk", was released on August 18, 2014. <P2-S3>  The first single from the album is a cover version of "Heart Of The Sunrise", a 1971 cum stage song by progressive rock band who came on the audience when they wanted encours Yes. <P2-S4>  (would not want to be that crowd) <SEP> <P3-S0> Wayne Michael Coyne (born January 13, 1961) is an American musician. <P3-S1>  He is the lead singer, occasional backing vocalist, guitarist, keyboardist, theremin player and songwriter for the band the Flaming Lips.
Question: The 2009 music album Beautiful Heartache was by this Russian pianist and singer-songwriter who was born in which year?

<P0-S0> Oksana Petrovna Grigorieva (Russian: Оксана Григорьева ; born 23 February 1970) is a Russian singer-songwriter and pianist. <P0-S1>  She was born in Saransk, Mordovia, USSR, and raised in Ukraine and Russia. <P0-S2>  She studied music in Moscow and completed conservatoire studies in Kazan, before moving to London. <P0-S3>  After studying music at the Royal Academy of Music, she moved to the United States, with periods spent living in New York City and Los Angeles, California. <P0-S4>  She taught music in the U.S., and patented a technique of teaching musical notation to children. <SEP> <P1-S0> Pet Dog Storm is a band from Warwickshire in the UK, recently signed to Integrity Records. <P1-S1>  The band's debut single Time to Fly was played by taste-makers Tom Robinson on BBC Radio 6 Music and John Kennedy on XFM and features on the band's debut album Beautiful is Down which was released on 4 December 2011. <SEP> <P2-S0> It Ain't Easy is the name of a 1982 Country Music album by Country music recording artist Janie Fricke. <P2-S1>  This was one of her most successful albums. <P2-S2>  The album featured her four big hits that year; "He's a Heartache (Looking for a Place to Happen)", "Tell Me a Lie", "It Ain't Easy Bein' Easy", and "You Don't Know Love"; the first three becoming #1 hits in that year. <P2-S3>  The album rose on the US Country Albums Chart, breaking into the top twenty and peaking at #15. <SEP> <P3-S0> Beautiful Heartache is a 2009 music album by Russian pianist and singer-songwriter, Oksana Grigorieva, with Mel Gibson as executive producer. <P3-S1>  Born in Saransk, Russia, Grigorieva studied music in Moscow and Kazan, and at the Royal College of Music in London. <P3-S2>  She later moved to the U.S. and patented a technique of instructing music notation to children. <P3-S3>  Grigorieva gained attention as a songwriter in 2006 after a song that she wrote, "Un Dia Llegara", became popular on the Josh Groban album "Awake".
Question: Antonius Andreas was a pupil of which High Middle Ages philosopher?

<P0-S0> The economy of Scotland in the High Middle Ages for the purposes of this article, is the economic situation in Scotland between 1058 and 1286 AD. <P0-S1>  The year 1058 saw the ascension of Malcolm III to the throne of Scotland. <P0-S2>  His reign marks a significant cultural, economic, and political shift away from Scandinavia and towards England and the European Continent – most noticeable in his marriage to Margaret, the sister of Edgar Aetheling, who was the primary dynastic rival to William I, Duke of Normandy, for the throne of England following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. <P0-S3>  The end of this period is marked by the death of Alexander III in 1286, which then led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence. <P0-S4>  This period corresponds roughly with the High Middle Ages in Europe, which is generally ascribed to the 11th to the 13th centuries and the Medieval Warm Period, which directly affected the Scottish agrarian economy. <SEP> <P1-S0> John Duns, commonly called Duns Scotus ( ; 1266 – 8 November 1308), is generally considered to be one of the three most important philosopher-theologians of the High Middle Ages. <P1-S1>  Scotus has had considerable influence on both Catholic and secular thought. <P1-S2>  The doctrines for which he is best known are the "univocity of being," that existence is the most abstract concept we have, applicable to everything that exists; the formal distinction, a way of distinguishing between different aspects of the same thing; and the idea of haecceity, the property supposed to be in each individual thing that makes it an individual. <P1-S3>  Scotus also developed a complex argument for the existence of God, and argued for the Immaculate Conception of Mary. <SEP> <P2-S0> Antonius Andreas (born c. 1280, Tauste, Aragon, died 1320) was a Spanish Franciscan theologian, a pupil of Duns Scotus. <SEP> <P3-S0> The High Middle Ages or High Medieval Period was the period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries ( 10011300). <P3-S1>  The High Middle Ages are preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages, which by convention end around 1500.
Question: Who wrote the book that The Universe Versus Alex Woods has been compared to?

<P0-S0> Cross Fire is the 17th book of James Patterson's Alex Cross series. <P0-S1>  In the novel, Kyle Craig has come back for one final scare to finally kill Alex Cross, but Alex has a special day ahead of him, one that concerns Bree and his relationship. <P0-S2>  The novel was released in hardcover, paperback, and audio book on November 15, 2010. <P0-S3>  It was preceded by "I, Alex Cross" and was followed by "Kill Alex Cross". <P0-S4>  The book sees Alex getting married to Bree after proposing to her in the previous book; the book also sees the final appearance of Kyle Craig, who dies by shooting an oxygen tank, killing him and two cops before he can be sent to prison again by Alex. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Universe Versus Alex Woods (2013) is the debut novel by Gavin Extence. <P1-S1>  The book was described by Emma John in "The Guardian" as being "the everyday tale of a teenage science nerd hit by a meteorite who strikes up a friendship with a pot-smoking Vietnam veteran. <P1-S2>  And may or may not be involved in his death." <P1-S3>  The book has been compared to "The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time", as well as the writing of Kurt Vonnegut. <P1-S4>  The book won the Waterstones Eleven award, and was nominated for the National Book Awards. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time is a 2003 mystery novel by British writer Mark Haddon. <P2-S1>  Its title quotes the fictional detective Sherlock Holmes in Arthur Conan Doyle's 1892 short story "Silver Blaze". <P2-S2>  Haddon and "The Curious Incident" won the Whitbread Book Awards for Best Novel and Book of the Year, the Commonwealth Writers' Prize for Best First Book, and the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize. <P2-S3>  Unusually, it was published simultaneously in separate editions for adults and children. <SEP> <P3-S0> Gavin Extence (born 1982) is an English writer. <P3-S1>  Extence won the Waterstones 11 literary prize for his first book "The Universe Versus Alex Woods" (2013). <P3-S2>  He has a PhD in Film studies, is married, has a daughter and is also a keen chess player.