winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Pegaptanib sodium injection (brand name Macugen) is an anti-angiogenic medicine for the treatment of neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD), it was licensed in 2000 to EyeTech Pharmaceuticals, now called what, an American pharmaceutical company based in Long Island, New York with facilities in Colorado, New Jersey and the United Kingdom?

<P0-S0> Emixustat hydrochloride is a small molecule notable for its establishment of a new class of compounds known as Visual Cycle Modulators (VCM). <P0-S1>  It is also the first synthetic medicinal compound shown to affect retinal disease processes when taken by mouth. <P0-S2>  Emixustat was invented by the British-American chemist, Ian L. Scott, and is currently in Phase 3 trials for dry, age-related macular degeneration (AMD). <P0-S3>  The compound is also being investigated as a potential therapy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy, diabetic macular edema and Stargardt disease. <P0-S4>  In 2008, Acucela Inc. partnered with Otsuka Pharmaceutical Company for the development of emixustat (ACU-4429) in an agreement totaling $263 million in cash and milestone payments. <SEP> <P1-S0> OSI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is an American pharmaceutical company based in Long Island, New York with facilities in Colorado, New Jersey and the United Kingdom. <P1-S1>  OSI specializes in the discovery and development of molecular targeted therapies. <P1-S2>  Though oncology is the top priority for OSI, research and development targeting type 2 diabetes and obesity is conducted through their U.K. subsidiary Prosidion Limited. <P1-S3>  OSI has also made a foray into the ophthalmology market through a marketing agreement with Pfizer over Macugen (Pegaptanib) for Age-related macular degeneration; however, acquisition of the firm Eyetech, meant to provide control over this product and diversify the company, has been unsuccessful, ending in divestiture. <SEP> <P2-S0> Ranibizumab (trade name Lucentis among others) is a monoclonal antibody fragment (Fab) created from the same parent mouse antibody as bevacizumab. <P2-S1>  It is an anti-angiogenic that has been approved to treat the "wet" type of age-related macular degeneration (AMD, also ARMD), a common form of age-related vision loss. <SEP> <P3-S0> Pegaptanib sodium injection (brand name Macugen) is an anti-angiogenic medicine for the treatment of neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration (AMD). <P3-S1>  It was discovered by NeXstar Pharmaceuticals and licensed in 2000 to EyeTech Pharmaceuticals, now OSI Pharmaceuticals, for late stage development and marketing in the United States. <P3-S2>  Outside the US pegaptanib is marketed by Pfizer. <P3-S3>  Approval was granted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in December 2004.
Question: Which races do people of this principle, which contemporary scholars likens to Ilminism, believe are predominate? 

<P0-S0> The Idra, which means "threshing floor" in Aramaic, is a Kabbalistic work included in printings of the Zohar, and was probably written and appended to the main body of the Zohar at a later date. <P0-S1>  Contemporary scholars believe the "Idra" dates to the third generation of Zoharic literature, which produced also the Tikunei haZohar, the Ra'aya Meheimna, and other Zoharic material. <P0-S2>  The main body of the Zohar, or guf ha-zohar, dates to the second generation of Zoharic material. <SEP> <P1-S0> Left-wing market anarchism, a form of left-libertarianism, individualist anarchism and libertarian socialism, is associated with contemporary scholars such as Kevin Carson, Roderick T. Long, Charles Johnson, Brad Spangler, Sheldon Richman, Chris Matthew Sciabarra, and Gary Chartier, who stress the value of radically free markets, termed "freed markets" to distinguish them from the common conception which these libertarians believe to be riddled with statist and capitalist privileges. <P1-S1>  Referred to as left-wing market anarchists or market-oriented left-libertarians, proponents of this approach strongly affirm the classical liberal ideas of self-ownership and free markets, while maintaining that, taken to their logical conclusions, these ideas support anti-capitalist, anti-corporatist, anti-hierarchical, pro-labor positions in economics; anti-imperialism in foreign policy; and thoroughly radical views regarding such cultural issues as gender, sexuality, and race. <SEP> <P2-S0> Ilminism (;), frequently translated as the One-People Principle, was the political ideology of South Korea under its first President, Syngman Rhee. <P2-S1>  The "Ilmin" principle has been likened by contemporary scholars to the Nazi German idea of the "herrenvolk" (master race), and was part of an effort to consolidate a united and obedient citizenry around Rhee's strong central leadership through appeals to nationalism and ethnic supremacy. <SEP> <P3-S0> The master race (German: "die Herrenrasse" ,    ) was a concept in Nazi ideology in which the Nordic or Aryan races, which were thought to predominate among Germans and other northern European peoples, were deemed the highest in an assumed racial hierarchy.
Question: Blank Check is a 1994 American comedy film starring a character actor who appaered in over how many films, television series, and plays?

<P0-S0> Pierre Watkin (December 29, 1889 in Sioux City, Iowa – February 3, 1960 in Hollywood, California) was an American character actor in many films, serials, and television series from the 1930s through the 1950s, especially westerns. <P0-S1>  He is perhaps best remembered for being the father of Eleanor Twitchell, the lady who captures Lou Gehrig's heart in "Pride of the Yankees" (1942) <SEP> <P1-S0> James Robert Rebhorn (September 1, 1948 – March 21, 2014) was an American character actor who appeared in over 100 films, television series, and plays. <P1-S1>  At the time of his death, he had recurring roles in the current series "White Collar" and "Homeland". <P1-S2>  He also appeared in films such as "Scent of a Woman", "Carlito's Way", "Independence Day", "My Cousin Vinny", and "Meet the Parents". <SEP> <P2-S0> Rudolf Biebrach (1866–1938) was a German actor and film director. <P2-S1>  He directed over 70 films between 1909 and 1930; and he appeared as an actor in nearly 110 films between 1909 and 1938. <P2-S2>  In his youth, Biebrach had worked for some years as a engraver. <P2-S3>  He got his first engagement as an actor in Gießen during 1890/1891. <P2-S4>  After a long career as a stage actor, Biebrach managed to become a successful director and character actor in the German film during the 1910s. <P2-S5>  He directed many films with Henny Porten and Lotte Neumann. <SEP> <P3-S0> Blank Check is a 1994 American comedy film directed by Rupert Wainwright and starring Brian Bonsall, Karen Duffy, Miguel Ferrer, James Rebhorn, Tone Lōc, Jayne Atkinson and Michael Lerner. <P3-S1>  It was released on February 11, 1994 by Walt Disney Pictures.
Question: In which year was this company that jointly made Serene with Samsung Electronics founded?

<P0-S0> Bang & Olufsen (B&O) (stylized as BANG & OLUFSEN) is a high-end Danish consumer electronics company that designs and manufactures audio products, television sets, and telephones. <P0-S1>  It was founded in 1925 by and Svend Olufsen, who designed a radio to work with alternating current, a product of significance at a time when most radios were still running on batteries. <P0-S2>  In 2004, the company opened a factory in the Czech Republic where it employed approximately 250 staff producing mainly audio products. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Samsung Wave (or Samsung Wave GT-S8500) is a smartphone developed and produced by Samsung Electronics. <P1-S1>  It is the first smartphone to run the Bada operating system developed by Samsung Electronics, which was commercially released on June 1, 2010. <P1-S2>  The Wave is a touchscreen phone powered by Samsung's "Hummingbird" CPU (S5PC110), which includes 1 GHz ARM Cortex-A8 CPU and a built-in PowerVR SGX 540 graphics engine. <P1-S3>  It also has a "Super AMOLED" screen and 720p high-definition video capture capabilities. <P1-S4>  Due to shortage of Super AMOLED screens, Samsung released a successor to the device called Wave II and ceased production of the original S8500 model. <SEP> <P2-S0> Hankook Hewlett-Packard (hangul:한국휴렛팩커드) is a Korean company that produces computers. <P2-S1>  Hankook is headquartered in Yeoeuido-dong Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul, South Korea, and was established in 1982 by Samsung Hewlett-Packard. <P2-S2>  (hangul:삼성휴렛팩커드) in its shareholder meet to Samsung Electronics and Hewlett-Packard in 1982. <P2-S3>  part indefendent at Samsung Electronics in 1992 of computer divisions. <P2-S4>  The company's current CEO is Choi Joon Keun. <P2-S5>  (최준근) <SEP> <P3-S0> Serene is a mobile phone produced as a joint venture between Samsung Electronics and Bang & Olufsen. <P3-S1>  It was released in the last quarter of 2005 in Europe. <P3-S2>  It is available in select stores throughout the world and costs $1275 (~€1000).
Question: What kind of music does Andy Williams' Greatest Hits and Moon River have in common?

<P0-S0> The Andy Williams Show is an album by American pop singer Andy Williams that was released in the fall of 1970 by Columbia Records. <P0-S1>  In his review on AllMusic.com, William Ruhlmann writes that "The Andy Williams Show LP was not a soundtrack recording from the TV series, and it was not really a live album, although it gets categorized as such. <P0-S2>  What appears to be the case is that Columbia Records took a group of Williams' studio recordings, most of them made during the summer of 1970 and consisting of his versions of recent soft rock hits, and added a lot of canned applause along with some of the kind of musical interludes used to usher numbers on and off on the show, including bits of its "Moon River" theme music at the start and the finish." <SEP> <P1-S0> Andy Williams' Greatest Hits Vol. <P1-S1>  2 is a compilation album by American pop singer Andy Williams that was released in June 1973 by Columbia Records. <P1-S2>  This collection follows in the footsteps of its predecessor, "Andy Williams' Greatest Hits", in that it is not limited to his biggest and most recent hit singles, although his final two US Top 40 entries ("(Where Do I Begin) Love Story" and "Speak Softly Love (Love Theme from 'The Godfather')") were included. <P1-S3>  It also has an album track not released as a single ("The Impossible Dream (The Quest)"), a couple of hits from his time with Cadence Records ("Lonely Street" and "The Village of St. Bernadette"), two other singles that could have been included on the first volume ("In the Arms of Love" and "Music to Watch Girls By"), and two Easy Listening chart entries that never made the "Billboard" Hot 100 ("Home Lovin' Man" and "Music from Across the Way"). <SEP> <P2-S0> Andy Williams' Greatest Hits is a compilation album by American pop singer Andy Williams that was released in early 1970 by Columbia Records. <P2-S1>  It was not, however, as its title might suggest, strictly a hit singles compilation, although some of his biggest songs since joining Columbia (such as the easy listening number ones "Can't Get Used to Losing You" and "Happy Heart") were included. <P2-S2>  A couple of selections ("Born Free" and "More") were never released as singles by Williams, and his signature song, "Moon River", was released in the 7-inch single format but only for jukeboxes. <P2-S3>  His six Cadence singles that made the Top 10 on "Billboard" magazine's Hot 100 are passed over for the inclusion of his number 11 hit from that label, "The Hawaiian Wedding Song", and 17 of his Columbia recordings that made the Hot 100 up until 1970 are left out here in favor of "Charade", which spent its one week on the chart at number 100. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Moon River" is a song composed by Henry Mancini with lyrics by Johnny Mercer. <P3-S1>  It was originally performed by Audrey Hepburn in the 1961 movie "Breakfast at Tiffany's", winning an Academy Award for Best Original Song. <P3-S2>  The song also won the 1962 Grammy Awards for Record of the Year and Song of the Year.
Question: Bayt ʿIṭāb, was a Palestinian Arab village located in which Subdistrict, an ancient tunnel which led to the village spring is associated with story of Samson, who was the last of the judges of the ancient Israelites mentioned in the Book of Judges in the Hebrew Bible (chapters 13 to 16) and one of the last of the leaders who "judged" Israel before the institution of the monarchy?

<P0-S0> Samson ( ; Hebrew: שִׁמְשׁוֹן,  "Shimshon ",  "Šimšôn " , meaning "man of the sun") was the last of the judges of the ancient Israelites mentioned in the Book of Judges in the Hebrew Bible (chapters 13 to 16) and one of the last of the leaders who "judged" Israel before the institution of the monarchy. <P0-S1>  He is sometimes considered to be an Israelite version of the popular Middle Eastern Heracles figure. <SEP> <P1-S0> Lajjun (Arabic: اللجّون‎ ‎ , "al-Lajjûn") was a Palestinian Arab village located 16 km in Mandatory Palestine, northwest of Jenin and 1 km south of the remains of the biblical city of Megiddo. <P1-S1>  Named after an early Roman legion camp in Syria Palaestina province called "Legio", predating the village at that location, Lajjun's history of habitation spanned some 2,000 years. <P1-S2>  Under Abbasid rule it was the capital of a subdistrict, during Mamluk rule it served as an important station in the postal route, and during Ottoman rule it was the capital of a district that bore its name. <P1-S3>  After the collapse of the Ottoman Empire towards the end of World War I, Lajjun and all of Palestine was placed under the administration of the British Mandate. <P1-S4>  The village was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, when it was captured by Israel. <P1-S5>  Most of its residents subsequently fled and settled in the nearby town of Umm al-Fahm. <SEP> <P2-S0> Bayt ʿIṭāb (Arabic: بيت عطاب‎ ‎ ) was a Palestinian Arab village located in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. <P2-S1>  The village is believed to have been inhabited since biblical times. <P2-S2>  An ancient tunnel which led to the village spring is associated with story of Samson. <P2-S3>  Prior to, during, and after its incorporation into Crusader fiefdoms in the 12th century, its population was Arab. <P2-S4>  Sheikhs from the Lahham family clan, who were associated with the Qays tribo-political faction, ruled the village during Ottoman era. <P2-S5>  In the 19th century, this clan controlled 24 villages in the vicinity. <P2-S6>  The homes were built of stone. <P2-S7>  The local farmers cultivated cereals, fruit trees and olive groves and some engaged in livestock breeding. <SEP> <P3-S0> Bayt Dajan (Arabic: بيت دجن‎ , "Bayt Dajan " ‎ ; Hebrew: בית דג'אן‎ ‎ ), also known as Dajūn, was a Palestinian Arab village situated approximately 6 km southeast of Jaffa. <P3-S1>  It is thought to have been the site of the biblical town of Beth Dagon, mentioned in the Book of Joshua and in ancient Assyrian and Ancient Egyptian texts.
Question: Pele Eterno is a documentary about a man born in what year?

<P0-S0> Pele Eterno (Pele Forever), released in 2004, is a documentary directed by Anibal Massaini Neto about the Brazilian footballer Pelé. <SEP> <P1-S0> The World According to Garp is John Irving's fourth novel, about a man born out of wedlock to a feminist leader who grows up to be a writer. <P1-S1>  Published in 1978, the book was a bestseller for several years. <P1-S2>  It was a finalist for the National Book Award for Fiction in 1979, and its first paperback edition won the Award the following year. <SEP> <P2-S0> Edson Arantes do Nascimento (] ; born 23 October 1940), known as Pelé (] ), is a retired Brazilian professional footballer who played as a forward. <P2-S1>  He is widely regarded as the greatest football player of all time. <P2-S2>  In 1999, he was voted World Player of the Century by the International Federation of Football History & Statistics (IFFHS). <P2-S3>  That same year, Pelé was elected Athlete of the Century by the International Olympic Committee. <P2-S4>  According to the IFFHS, Pelé is the most successful league goal-scorer in the world, scoring 1281 goals in 1363 games, which included unofficial friendlies and tour games. <P2-S5>  During his playing days, Pelé was for a period the best-paid athlete in the world. <SEP> <P3-S0> Emmanuel's Gift is a 2005 documentary narrating the life of Emmanuel Ofosu Yeboah, a disabled man born in Ghana. <P3-S1>  It is narrated by Oprah Winfrey, and it follows Emmanuel as he attempts to overcome the stigma associated with physically disabled people in Ghana.
Question: Bert Gosnell played two FA Cup finals for which club based in Newcastle-upon-Tyne?

<P0-S0> Herbert Edward Rawson (3 September 1852 – 18 October 1924) was an English footballer who played once (as a forward) for England, and appeared in two FA Cup finals, winning the cup in 1875 as a member of the Royal Engineers. <SEP> <P1-S0> Newcastle United Football Club is an English professional association football club based in Newcastle upon Tyne, that currently plays in the Premier League, the top tier of English football. <P1-S1>  Newcastle United was founded in 1892 by the merger of Newcastle East End and Newcastle West End, and has played at its current home ground, St James' Park, ever since. <P1-S2>  The ground was developed into an all-seater stadium in the mid-1990s and now has a capacity of 52,354. <SEP> <P2-S0> Albert Arthur Gosnell (10 February 1880 – 6 January 1972) was an England international footballer who played in two FA Cup finals for Newcastle United in the early 20th century and later managed Norwich City. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 1963 FA Cup Final was the final of the 1962–63 FA Cup, the 82nd season of England's premier club football competition. <P3-S1>  The match was played at Wembley Stadium (which was fully roofed for the first time) on 25 May 1963 and contested by Manchester United and Leicester City. <P3-S2>  United won 3–1, with a goal from Denis Law and two from David Herd, lifting the trophy for the third time, while City had now played in three FA Cup finals and had still yet to win the trophy. <P3-S3>  Ken Keyworth scored the consolation goal for Leicester.
Question: Which band formed first, One Ok Rock or Into Another?

<P0-S0> News, stylized as NEWS, is a four-member Japanese band consisting of Keiichiro Koyama, Takahisa Masuda, Shigeaki Kato and Yuya Tegoshi. <P0-S1>  The group's name is an acronym based on the cardinal directions (North, East, West, South). <P0-S2>  Formed in 2003 by Johnny Kitagawa as a nine-member group under the label Johnny's Entertainment, NEWS released a promotional single "NEWS Nippon" (News ニッポン , News Japan) , which was used for the World Cup of Volleyball Championships. <P0-S3>  In 2004, Takahiro Moriuchi (present-day Taka of One Ok Rock) left the group and the remaining eight members released their debut single, "Kibō: Yell" (希望 ~Yell~ , Hope ~Yell~) , which debuted atop the Oricon charts. <SEP> <P1-S0> Jinsei×Boku= (人生×僕= "Jinsei Kakete Boku wa", lit. <P1-S1>  "Life Times Me Equals") is the sixth full-length album by the Japanese rock band, One Ok Rock. <P1-S2>  It was released on March 6, 2013 and managed to reach first place on the Oricon weekly chart. <P1-S3>  This album brought ONE OK ROCK to worldwide popularity, especially after the first single, "The Beginning", was selected as official soundtrack in the live action adaptation of "Rurouni Kenshin". <P1-S4>  The song peaked at the #2 on the "Billboard" Japan Hot 100 and stayed for 45 weeks. <P1-S5>  The next single, "Deeper Deeper/Nothing Helps", was featured on the "" ("Nothing Helps") game and used for Suzuki Swift TV commercials ("Deeper Deeper"). <SEP> <P2-S0> Into Another is an American rock band formed in 1990 in New York City. <P2-S1>  The original lineup consisted of vocalist Richie Birkenhead (formerly of Underdog and Youth of Today), drummer Drew Thomas (formerly of Bold), bassist Tony Bono (formerly of Whiplash) and guitarist Peter Moses. <P2-S2>  Into Another performed their first show at New York's Pyramid Club, supporting White Zombie. <P2-S3>  Their song "T.A.I.L." hit #39 on the U.S. Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in 1996. <P2-S4>  The band broke up later that year due to intra-band tensions and a deteriorated relationship with Hollywood Records. <P2-S5>  Bassist Tony Bono died in May 2002. <SEP> <P3-S0> One Ok Rock, stylized as ONE OK ROCK (pronounced in Japanese as "one o'clock"), is a Japanese rock band formed in Tokyo, Japan in 2005. <P3-S1>  The band currently consists of Takahiro Moriuchi (vocals), Toru Yamashita (guitar/leader), Ryota Kohama (bass), and Tomoya Kanki (drums).
Question: What is the release date of this fourth studio album of the rock band that released Yield as its fifth studio album?

<P0-S0> Yield is the fifth studio album by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam, released on February 3, 1998. <P0-S1>  Following a short promotional tour for its previous album, "No Code" (1996), Pearl Jam recorded "Yield" throughout 1997 at Studio Litho and Studio X in Seattle, Washington. <P0-S2>  The album was proclaimed as a return to the band's early, straightforward rock sound, and marked a more collaborative effort from the band as opposed to relying heavily on frontman Eddie Vedder to compose the songs. <P0-S3>  The lyrics deal with contemplative themes, albeit seen in a more positive manner compared to the band's earlier work. <SEP> <P1-S0> No Code is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Pearl Jam, released on August 27, 1996 through Epic Records. <P1-S1>  Following a troubled tour for its previous album, "Vitalogy" (1994), in which Pearl Jam engaged in a much-publicized boycott of Ticketmaster, the band went into the studio to record its follow-up. <P1-S2>  The music on the record was more diverse than what the band had done on previous releases, incorporating elements of garage rock and worldbeat. <SEP> <P2-S0> Try Me is the fourth studio album by the American rock band Self Defense Family and first under this moniker — previous studio albums were released under the name End of a Year. <P2-S1>  The album was released on January 7, 2014 through Deathwish Inc. In November 2013, the band released a lyric video for the track "Turn the Fan On." <P2-S2>  The album was available on the digital music streaming service Spotify over a month before its official release date. <SEP> <P3-S0> Long Live the Pimp is the fifth studio album by Pimp C and the third posthumously released. <P3-S1>  If including UGK, it is the eleventh studio album, and fourth posthumously released. <P3-S2>  The 4th track, "Wavybone", appears as the 12th track on A$AP Rocky's album, "At.Long.Last.A$AP", with Pimp C and Bun B credited as UGK. <P3-S3>  The album's release date marked the 8th year anniversary of his death.
Question: Who is an astrophysicist for the European Space Agency, Dirk Frimout or Georgi Ivanov?

<P0-S0> Marko Lerinski (Bulgarian: Марко Лерински , "Marko of Florina"; 20 June 1862 – 13 June 1902) was the nickname of Georgi Ivanov Gyurov (Георги Иванов Гюров), also known as Georgi Geroyski or Marko Voyvoda, a Bulgarian military man and revolutionary. <P0-S1>  A prominent member of the Internal Macedonian–Adrianople Revolutionary Organization (IMARO), Lerinski was the first person to propose a common anti-Ottoman uprising in Macedonia and Eastern Thrace. <SEP> <P1-S0> Frank, Viscount De Winne (born 25 April 1961, in Ledeberg, Belgium) is a Belgian Air Component officer and an ESA astronaut. <P1-S1>  He is Belgium's second person in space (after Dirk Frimout). <P1-S2>  He was the first ESA astronaut to command a space mission when he served as commander of ISS Expedition 21. <P1-S3>  ESA astronaut de Winne serves currently as Head of the European Astronaut Centre of the European Space Agency in Cologne/Germany (Köln). <SEP> <P2-S0> Dirk Dries David Damiaan, Viscount Frimout (born 21 March 1941 in Poperinge, Belgium) is an astrophysicist for the European Space Agency. <P2-S1>  He flew aboard NASA Space Shuttle mision STS-45 as a payload specialist , making him the first Belgian in space . <SEP> <P3-S0> Major general Georgi Ivanov Kakalov (Bulgarian: Георги Иванов Какалов ; born July 2, 1940) is a retired Bulgarian military officer and the first Bulgarian cosmonaut. <P3-S1>  He was a member of the National Assembly of Bulgaria in 1990.
Question: What nationality was the author of The Troublesome Reign of King John?

<P0-S0> The Troublesome Reign of King John (c. 1589) is an Elizabethan history play, probably by George Peele, that is generally accepted by scholars as the source and model that William Shakespeare employed for his own "King John" (c. 1596). <SEP> <P1-S0> D. Miguel da Silva (c. 1480 - 1556) was a Portuguese nobleman, the second son of Diogo da Silva, 1st Count of Portalegre and of his wife Maria de Ayala, a Castilian noblewomen. <P1-S1>  Educated at the University of Paris, he was appointed by King Manuel I of Portugal as ambassador to Rome in 1514. <P1-S2>  He served on that post during the reigns of popes Leo X, Adrian VI and Clement VII. <P1-S3>  Both pope Leo X and Clement VII wanted to make him Cardinal, but were opposed by the Portuguese Crown. <P1-S4>  He was recalled to Lisbon in 1525 where he served as member of the Royal Council. <P1-S5>  Clement VII made him Bishop of Viseu in 1526 and Pope Paul III finally elevated him to cardinal in 1539, albeit "in pectore". <P1-S6>  Falling out of favour with King John III of Portugal, D. Miguel da Silva run away to Rome in 1540, where he was warmly welcomed to the Curia by Paul III. <P1-S7>  His statute as a Cardinal was revealed in 1541 and John III of Portugal promptly condemned him of treason and revoked his Portuguese nationality. <P1-S8>  He served as papal legate to Venice, Ancona and Bologne and was made Bishop of Massa Marittima. <SEP> <P2-S0> George Peele (baptised 25 July 1556 – buried 9 November 1596) was an English translator, poet, and dramatist, who is most noted for his supposed but not universally accepted collaboration with William Shakespeare on the play "Titus Andronicus". <SEP> <P3-S0> Edward II is a Renaissance or Early Modern period play written by Christopher Marlowe. <P3-S1>  It is one of the earliest English history plays. <P3-S2>  The full title of the first publication is The Troublesome Reign and Lamentable Death of Edward the Second, King of England, with the Tragical Fall of Proud Mortimer.
Question: The Daljir party developed from what tradition whose meaning has been debated in both public and academic contexts?

<P0-S0> Islamism is a concept whose meaning has been debated in both public and academic contexts. <P0-S1>  The term can refer to diverse forms of social and political activism advocating that public and political life should be guided by Islamic principles, or more specifically to movements which call for full implementation of "sharia". <P0-S2>  It is commonly used interchangeably with the terms political Islam or "Islamic fundamentalism". <P0-S3>  In Western media usage the term tends to refer to groups who aim to establish a sharia-based Islamic state, often with implication of violent tactics and human rights violations, and has acquired connotations of political extremism. <P0-S4>  Islamist movements have "arguably altered the Middle East more than any trend since the modern states gained independence", redefining "politics and even borders" according to Robin Wright. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist) (CPC (ML)) is a Canadian federal political party founded by Hardial Bains in 1970. <P1-S1>  The CPC (ML) has been registered with Elections Canada as the Marxist–Leninist Party of Canada since 1974 as the party is prohibited from using the Communist Party name in Canadian elections to avoid confusion among voters. <P1-S2>  The party developed separately and independently from the Communist Party of Canada (CPC) with its origins among students and intellectuals in Canada during the 1960s. <P1-S3>  After a period of alignment with Maoism and China, the CPC (ML) pursued a pro-Albanian line until the early 1990s when it adopted a pro-Cuba position. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Daljir Party (DP) (Somali: Xisbiga Daljir ), abbreviated "DP" in English and XD in the Somali language, is a social conservative political party in Somalia. <P2-S1>  It has developed from the tradition of Islamism, but has officially abandoned this ideology in favour of "conservative democracy". <P2-S2>  Daljir party seems to be one of the largest Somali political party and some leading members of the party were former members of the government of Sharif Sheikh Ahmed. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mawlā (Arabic: مولى‎ ‎ ), plural mawālī (Arabic: موالي‎ ‎ ), is a polysemous Arabic word, whose meaning varied in different periods and contexts. <P3-S1>  In the Quran and hadith it is used in two senses: Lord; and guardian, trustee, helper. <P3-S2>  In the pre-Islamic era the term originally applied to any form of tribal association. <P3-S3>  During the early Islamic era, this institution was adapted to incorporate new converts to Islam into the Arab-Muslim society and the word "mawali" gained currency as an appellation for non-Arab Muslims.
Question: Both Ruijin and Pingliang are located near which type of land mass?

<P0-S0> Atmospheric methane is the methane present in Earth's atmosphere. <P0-S1>  Atmospheric methane concentrations are of interest because it is one of the most potent greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere. <P0-S2>  The 100-year global warming potential of methane is 28. <P0-S3>  That is, over a 100-year period, it traps 28 times more heat per mass unit than carbon dioxide and 32 times the effect when accounting for aerosol interactions. <P0-S4>  Global methane levels had risen from 722 parts per billion (ppb) in pre-industrial times to 1800 ppb by 2011, an increase by a factor of 2.5 and the highest value in at least 800,000 years. <P0-S5>  Its concentration is higher in the Northern Hemisphere since most sources (both natural and human) are located on land and the Northern Hemisphere has more land mass. <P0-S6>  The concentrations vary seasonally, with, for example, a minimum in the northern tropics during April−May mainly due to removal by the hydroxyl radical. <SEP> <P1-S0> Pingliang () is a prefecture-level city in eastern Gansu province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the south and east and the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region to the north. <P1-S1>  Pingliang is well known for the nearby Kongtong Mountains, which are sacred to Taoism and location of the mythical meeting place of the Yellow Emperor and Guangchengzi, an immortal. <SEP> <P2-S0> Louisiana is a state located in the Southern United States. <P2-S1>  According to the 2010 United States Census, Louisiana is the 25th most populous state with inhabitants and the 33rd largest by land area spanning 43203.90 sqmi of land. <P2-S2>  Louisiana is divided into 64 parishes, which are equivalent to counties, and contains 308 incorporated municipalities consisting of four consolidated city-parishes, and 304 cities, towns, and villages. <P2-S3>  Louisiana's municipalities cover only % of the state's land mass but are home to % of its population. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ruijin () is a county-level city of Ganzhou in the mountains bordering Fujian Province in south-eastern Jiangxi.
Question: What was an American monthly magazine, published from 1873 to 1957, Arthur's Magazine or Woman's Home Companion?

<P0-S0> Arthur's Magazine (1844–1846) was an American literary periodical published in Philadelphia in the 19th century. <P0-S1>  Edited by T.S. Arthur, it featured work by Edgar A. Poe, J.H. Ingraham, Sarah Josepha Hale, Thomas G. Spear, and others. <P0-S2>  In May 1846 it was merged into "Godey's Lady's Book". <SEP> <P1-S0> Graham's Magazine was a nineteenth-century periodical based in Philadelphia established by George Rex Graham and published from 1841 to 1858. <P1-S1>  It was alternatively referred to as "Graham's Lady's and Gentleman's Magazine" (1841-1842, and July 1843 - June 1844), "Graham's Magazine of Literature and Art" (January 1844 - June 1844), "Graham's American Monthly Magazine of Literature and Art" (July 1848 - June 1856), and "Graham's Illustrated Magazine of Literature, Romance, Art, and Fashion" (July 1856 - 1858). <SEP> <P2-S0> Woman's Home Companion was an American monthly magazine, published from 1873 to 1957. <P2-S1>  It was highly successful, climbing to a circulation peak of more than four million during the 1930s and 1940s. <P2-S2>  The magazine was headquartered in Springfield, Ohio and discontinued in 1957. <SEP> <P3-S0> Galaxy Magazine, or The Galaxy, was an American monthly magazine founded by William Conant Church and his brother Francis P. Church in 1866. <P3-S1>  In 1868, Sheldon and Company gained financial control of the magazine and it was eventually absorbed by "The Atlantic Monthly" in 1878. <P3-S2>  Notable contributors to the magazine include Mark Twain, Walt Whitman and Henry James.
Question: At where did collegiate athletic conference which 16 teams out the West Alabama Tigers participated operated? 

<P0-S0> The University of West Alabama currently features 18 sports teams. <P0-S1>  Men's and women's outdoor track were added in Spring 2013. <P0-S2>  Men's and women's golf will start fall of 2013. <P0-S3>  Both the male and female athletic teams are called the West Alabama Tigers. <P0-S4>  16 teams participate in the NCAA's Division II as a member of the Gulf South Conference. <P0-S5>  Men's and women's rodeo compete in the Ozark Region of the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association. <P0-S6>  Athletics facilities on the campus include 7,000-seat Tiger Stadium, James P. Homer ye s, Pruitt Hall, Tartt Field, UWA Softball Complex, Dora Dahlberg Beard Indoor Practice Facility, Howard R. Vaughan Tennis Complex, Don C. Hines Rodeo Complex, and UWA Cross Country Facility. <SEP> <P1-S0> The 2016 West Alabama Tigers football team represented the University of West Alabama in the 2016 NCAA Division II football season. <P1-S1>  They were led by head coach Brett Gilliland, who was in his third season at West Alabama. <P1-S2>  The Tigers played their home games at Tiger Stadium and were members of the Gulf South Conference. <P1-S3>  They finished the season with a record of 7 wins and 4 losses (7–4 overall, 6–2 in the GSC), defeating two top 25 ranked teams and were not invited in the 2016 playoffs. <SEP> <P2-S0> Tonya Butler (born ca. 1980) is an American athlete who is the first woman ever to score a field goal in a college football game. <P2-S1>  She accomplished this feat on September 13, 2003, as a placekicker for the University of West Alabama Tigers, which was competing in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II. <P2-S2>  She also played women's soccer for Georgia Southern. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Gulf South Conference (GSC) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II level which operates in the southeastern United States.
Question: Who was born first, Rebecca Miller or Inge Morath?

<P0-S0> Rebecca Augusta Miller, Lady Day-Lewis (born September 15, 1962) is an American independent filmmaker, screenwriter, film director, and novelist, known for her films "Angela", "", "The Ballad of Jack and Rose", "The Private Lives of Pippa Lee", and "Maggie's Plan", all of which she wrote and directed. <P0-S1>  Miller is the daughter of Magnum photographer Inge Morath and Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright Arthur Miller. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Inge Morath Foundation is a non-profit private operating foundation headquartered in New York, New York. <P1-S1>  The Foundation was established in 2003 to facilitate the study and appreciation of Inge Morath's contribution to photography. <P1-S2>  Morath was a member of Magnum Photos. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Inge Morath Award was established by Magnum Photos in tribute to Inge Morath, an Austrian-born photographer who was associated with Magnum for almost fifty years, and who died in January, 2002. <P2-S1>  Funded by her colleagues at Magnum Photos, the Award is administered by Magnum Foundation in cooperation with the Inge Morath Foundation. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ingeborg Hermine "Inge" Morath (   ; May 27, 1923 – January 30, 2002) was an Austrian-born American photographer. <P3-S1>  In 1953, she joined the Magnum Photos Agency, founded by top photographers in Paris, and became a full photographer with the agency in 1955. <P3-S2>  Morath was also the third and last wife of playwright Arthur Miller; their daughter is screenwriter/director Rebecca Miller.
Question: Where is this person born who is currently a Principal and Vice President of a privately held company that invests in real estate, and was instrumental in the formulation and growth of the Live! brand?

<P0-S0> Fred Chase Koch ( ; September 23, 1900 – November 17, 1967) was an American chemical engineer and entrepreneur who founded the oil refinery firm that later became Koch Industries, a privately held company which, under the principal ownership and leadership of Koch's sons, Charles and David, is listed by "Forbes," as of 2015, as the second-largest privately held company in the United States. <SEP> <P1-S0> David Hamilton Koch ( ; born May 3, 1940) is an American businessman, philanthropist, political activist, and chemical engineer. <P1-S1>  He joined the family business Koch Industries, a conglomerate that is the second-largest privately held company in the United States, in 1970. <P1-S2>  He became president of the subsidiary Koch Engineering in 1979, and became a co-owner of Koch Industries, with older brother Charles, in 1983. <P1-S3>  He is now an executive vice president. <P1-S4>  Koch is an influential libertarian. <P1-S5>  He was the 1980 candidate for Vice President of the United States from the United States Libertarian Party and helped finance the campaign. <P1-S6>  He founded Citizens for a Sound Economy. <P1-S7>  He and his brother Charles have donated to political advocacy groups and to political campaigns, almost entirely Republican. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Cordish Companies (previously The Cordish Company) is a privately held company that invests in real estate, including entertainment/mixed-use development, gambling and lodging, shopping centers, restaurants, clubs and music venues, offices, and residential and college student housing. <SEP> <P3-S0> Blake L. Cordish was born in Baltimore, Maryland and is currently a Principal and Vice President of The Cordish Companies. <P3-S1>  For over two decades, Mr. Cordish's responsibilities have included directing the Real Estate Division of The Cordish Companies. <P3-S2>  The Company has been recognized with an unprecedented seven Urban Land Institute Awards of Excellence for its public-private partnerships revitalizing urban areas such as the Inner Harbor of Baltimore, The Power & Light District in Kansas City, MO and Charleston Place in Charleston, SC. <P3-S3>  Mr. Cordish was instrumental in the formulation and growth of the Live! <P3-S4>  brand which now welcomes over 50 million annual visitors across multiple platforms of entertainment, casinos and hotels. <P3-S5>  Under his leadership, the Company has become a developer of sports anchored districts that includes partnerships with the St. Louis Cardinals, Philadelphia Flyers and Texas Rangers.
Question: What was a Beninese merchant and politician, most active when his country was known as an African kingdom that existed from about 1600 until 1894 ?

<P0-S0> The Kingdom of Dahomey ( ) was an African kingdom (located in the area of the present-day country of Benin) that existed from about 1600 until 1894, when the last king, Behanzin, was defeated by the French, and the country was annexed into the French colonial empire. <P0-S1>  Dahomey developed on the Abomey Plateau amongst the Fon people in the early 17th century and became a regional power in the 18th century by conquering key cities on the Atlantic coast. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Royal Palaces of Abomey are 12 palaces spread over an area of 40 ha at the heart of the Abomey town in Benin, formerly the capital of the West African Kingdom of Dahomey. <P1-S1>  The Kingdom was founded in 1625 by the Fon people who developed it into a powerful military and commercial empire, which dominated trade with European slave traders on the Slave Coast until the late 19th century, to whom they sold their prisoners of war. <P1-S2>  At its peak the palaces could accommodate for up to 8000 people. <P1-S3>  The King's palace included a two-story building known as the "cowrie house" or "akuehue". <P1-S4>  Under the twelve kings who succeeded from 1625 to 1900, the kingdom established itself as one of the most powerful of the western coast of Africa. <SEP> <P2-S0> Benoît Sinzogan (born July 14, 1930) is a Beninese military officer and politician, best known for leading his country's gendarmerie in the late 1960s. <P2-S1>  He was a member of the Fon ethnic group, which dominated the Beninese (then known as Dahomeyan) army from 1965 to 1967. <P2-S2>  After Maurice Kouandété usurped the presidency on December 17, Sinzogan was placed under house arrest until December 19. <P2-S3>  That day, Sinzogan was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs, his first political post, which he held until July 1968. <P2-S4>  He was a member of the Military Directorate, which ruled Dahomey from 1969-1970. <P2-S5>  Academic Samuel Decalo described the man as "too timid to mount a coup" during the 1960s and 1970s, being "one of Dahomey's few senior officers not to attempt to." <SEP> <P3-S0> Paul Darboux (May 10, 1919 - 1982) was a Beninese merchant and politician, most active when his country was known as Dahomey.
Question: Visual music was coined to describe the work of the artist of what nationality?

<P0-S0> Judith K. Zilczer is an American art historian and former museum curator. <P0-S1>  She is known for her work with artists such as Horace Pippin, Raymond Duchamp-Villon, Willem de Kooning, and Richard Lindner. <P0-S2>  Zilczer was interested in the connections between music and art, which she described as "the mystical strain of artistic synesthesia." <P0-S3>  She curated an exhibit titled "Visual Music: Synaesthesia in Art and Music Since 1900". <P0-S4>  Zilczer served at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (HMSG) in various capacities from 1974-2003. <P0-S5>  From 1992 to 2003, she was Curator of Paintings. <SEP> <P1-S0> Wassily Wassilyevich Kandinsky ( ; Russian: Васи́лий Васи́льевич Канди́нский , "Vasiliy Vasil’yevich Kandinskiy", ] ; 4 December (16 December by the Gregorian calendar) 1866 – 13 December 1944) was a Russian painter and art theorist. <SEP> <P2-S0> Visual music, sometimes called colour music, refers to the use of musical structures in visual imagery, which can also include silent films or silent Lumia work. <P2-S1>  It also refers to methods or devices which can translate sounds or music into a related visual presentation. <P2-S2>  An expanded definition may include the translation of music to painting; this was the original definition of the term, as coined by Roger Fry in 1912 to describe the work of Wassily Kandinsky. <SEP> <P3-S0> William (Bill) R. Dunlap is an American artist, writer, and arts commentator on Washington, DC's flagship PBS station, WETA-TV. <P3-S1>  With a career that has spanned more than four decades, his large scale narrative paintings and constructions concern themselves with history, allegory and the art making process. <P3-S2>  "Hypothetical Realism" is a term Dunlap coined to describe his work in both the visual arts and fiction - "the places and things I paint and describe are not real, but they could be." <P3-S3>  Dunlap is an avid and accomplished printmaker as well as painter, sculptor and photographer. <P3-S4>  His work is included in collections such as the New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art, The National Gallery of Art in Washington, DC, Mississippi Museum of Art Turchin Center for the Visual Arts, Lauren Rogers Museum of Art, Ogden Museum of Southern Art , Riggs Bank, IBM Corporation, Federal Express, The Equitable Collection, Arkansas Art Center, the United States State Department, and United States Embassies throughout the world. <P3-S5>  Dunlap is also the author of "Short Mean Fiction" (ISBN  ), published April 1, 2016 by Nautilus Press, a collection of 15 stories with excerpts from sketchbooks which read "like tales from the Old Testament rampant with sex violence and death."
Question: Who wrote the book Think Big and Kick Ass: In Business and in Life published in 2007?

<P0-S0> Donald John Trump (born June 14, 1946) is the 45th and current President of the United States, in office since January 20, 2017. <P0-S1>  Before entering politics, he was a businessman and television personality. <SEP> <P1-S0> C. Tyler Prochnow (born 1966, Port Chester, New York) is an American lawyer and sports agent who was the founder, co-owner and first president of the Kansas City Brigade of the Arena Football League. <P1-S1>  He is currently a founding partner of Think Big Partners , a for profit business incubator in Kansas City and co-founder of the Think Big Kansas City . <P1-S2>  Think Big is currently partnering with Cisco, Sprint and the City of Kansas City to create the [Living Lab] for Kansas City's Smart & Connected City initiative . <P1-S3>  In 2011 Think Big Partners announced the first closing on their new venture capital fund, Think Big Ventures I  and their first investment in EyeVerify . <SEP> <P2-S0> Think Big and Kick Ass: In Business and in Life is a non-fiction book by businessman Donald Trump, first published in hardcover in 2007 by HarperCollins. <P2-S1>  The book was coauthored by The Learning Annex entrepreneur Bill Zanker. <P2-S2>  Another edition was subsequently published in paperback in 2008 under the title Think Big: Make It Happen in Business and Life. <P2-S3>  Trump and Zanker had prior business ventures together before writing the book; Zanker's company helped gain Trump speaking engagements around the world with large audiences. <SEP> <P3-S0> Hit-Girl (Mindy McCready (comic) or Macready (film)) is a fictional character appearing in the "Kick-Ass" series, published by Marvel Comics under the company's imprint Icon Comics. <P3-S1>  The character was created by artist John Romita, Jr. and writer Mark Millar. <P3-S2>  She is a young but effective vigilante, trained by her father Damon McCready (a.k.a. Big Daddy) from an early age to be a costumed superhero and assassin. <P3-S3>  In "Kick-Ass", she is introduced as a supporting character. <P3-S4>  She featured in her own self-titled comic book series, "Hit-Girl", which was first published on 27 June 2012. <P3-S5>  She is portrayed by Chloë Grace Moretz in the feature film adaptations "Kick-Ass" and "Kick Ass 2".