winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What is the Edsa Shangri-La an instance of in the birthplace of the person who made The Oddventures of Mr. Cool?

seth roberts was a professor of psychology at tsinghua university in beijing and emeritus professor of psychology at the university of california, berkeley. he was the author of the bestselling book "the shangri-la diet", and a prolific blogger. he was well known for his work in self-experimentation which led to many discoveries, including his diet, multiple publications and a popular blog. <SEP> It opened on August 28, 1992. Edsa Shangri-La, Manila is a 5-star luxury hotel located at Ortigas Center, Mandaluyong, Philippines and one of the three hotels managed by Shangri-La Hotels and Resorts located in Metro Manila, Philippines. The hotel has 632 rooms and suites, four international restaurants, two lounges, a cafe, and a bakeshop, across two wings, and is considered a city resort. <SEP> samson road is a major east–west street in caloocan, northern metro manila, philippines. the road is a continuation of epifanio de los santos avenue (edsa), linked to it via the monumento roundabout to form a single through route. these roads form part of circumferential road 4 (c-4) of the metro manila road network. <SEP> The Oddventures of Mr. Cool is the seventh studio album of Filipino rap artist Francis Magalona, released in 1998. The album contains more of a mellow, urban-style kind of music which is reminiscent of his debut album "Yo!". Several songs on "The Oddventures of Mr. Cool" are sampled from foreign artists, including Whodini's "Friends", as heard on "Friends". <SEP> Born in Mandaluyong City, he was the first Filipino rapper in the Philippines to cross over into the mainstream. He was credited for having pioneered the merging of rap with Pinoy rock, becoming a significant influence to artists in that genre as well. Francis Michael Durango Magalona (October 4, 1964 – March 6, 2009), also known as FrancisM, Master Rapper, The Mouth and The Man From Manila, was a Filipino rapper, entrepreneur, songwriter, producer, actor, director, and photographer. He was also a television host on MTV Asia and Channel V Philippines and on noontime variety television show "Eat Bulaga!" Magalona died seven months after being diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia. Magalona was later awarded a posthumous Presidential Medal of Merit. The award's citation noted that it had been given "for his musical and artistic brilliance, his deep faith in the Filipino and his sense of national pride that continue to inspire us."
Question: When does the film Meet Me In city A take place where city A is the birthplace of the screenwriter of Gracie?

It stars Carly Schroeder as Gracie Bowen, Dermot Mulroney as Bryan Bowen, Elisabeth Shue as Lindsay Bowen, Jesse Lee Soffer as Johnny Bowen, and Andrew Shue as Coach Owen Clark. Gracie is a 2007 American sports drama film directed by Davis Guggenheim. <SEP> He was born Philip Davis Guggenheim in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, the son of Marion Davis (née Streett) and film director and producer Charles Guggenheim. His father was Jewish, whereas his mother was Episcopalian. He graduated from the Potomac School (McLean, Virginia) (1979), from Sidwell Friends School (1982), and from Brown University (1986). <SEP> the story occurs mainly in an unnamed port city somewhere near the caribbean sea and the magdalena river. given that rafael núñez is mentioned as the ``author of the national anthem '', the country is likely colombia. while the city remains unnamed throughout the novel, descriptions and names of places suggest it is based on cartagena with the addition of the magdalena river, which meets the sea at the nearby city of barranquilla. the fictional city is divided into such sections as`` the district of the viceroys'' and ``the arcade of the scribes. ''the novel takes place approximately during the half century between 1880 and 1930. the city's`` steamy and sleepy streets, rat - infested sewers, old slave quarter, decaying colonial architecture, and multifarious inhabitants'' are mentioned variously in the text and mingle amid the lives of the characters. locations within the story include: <SEP> the titular character jason bourne does not appear in the bourne legacy, because actor matt damon chose not to return for the fourth film, due to paul greengrass not directing. bourne is shown in pictures and mentioned by name several times throughout the film. tony gilroy, co-screenwriter of the first three films, sought to continue the story of the film series without changing its key events, and parts of the bourne legacy take place at the same time as the previous film, the bourne ultimatum (2007). <SEP> Meet Me in St. Louis is a musical film made by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and released in 1944. Divided into a series of seasonal vignettes, starting with Summer 1903, it relates the story of a year in the life of the Smith family in St. Louis, leading up to the opening of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (more commonly referred to as the World's Fair) in the spring of 1904. The picture stars Judy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, Lucille Bremer, Tom Drake, Leon Ames, Marjorie Main, June Lockhart, and Joan Carroll.
Question: When does Meet Me in the birthplace of From the Sky Down's director take place?

His father was Jewish, whereas his mother was Episcopalian. He was born Philip Davis Guggenheim in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, the son of Marion Davis (née Streett) and film director and producer Charles Guggenheim. He graduated from the Potomac School (McLean, Virginia) (1979), from Sidwell Friends School (1982), and from Brown University (1986). <SEP> mozart's birthplace (german: ' or ') was the birthplace of wolfgang amadeus mozart at no. 9 getreidegasse in salzburg, austria. the mozart family resided on the third floor from 1747 to 1773. mozart himself was born here on 27 january 1756. he was the seventh child of leopold mozart, who was a musician of the salzburg royal chamber. <SEP> Divided into a series of seasonal vignettes, starting with Summer 1903, it relates the story of a year in the life of the Smith family in St. Louis, leading up to the opening of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (more commonly referred to as the World's Fair) in the spring of 1904. Meet Me in St. Louis is a musical film made by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and released in 1944. The picture stars Judy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, Lucille Bremer, Tom Drake, Leon Ames, Marjorie Main, June Lockhart, and Joan Carroll. <SEP> at a major lunar standstill, which takes place every 18.6 years, the declination range of the moon reaches a maximum. as a result, viewed from high latitudes, the moon's greatest altitude (at culmination, when it contacts the meridian) changes in just two weeks -- from high in the sky to low over the horizon. <SEP> From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". The film documents the album's difficult recording period, the band members' relationships, and the group's creative process. Guggenheim, who was commissioned by U2 to create the film to commemorate the record's 20th anniversary, spent several months in 2011 developing the documentary. The band were filmed during a return visit to Hansa Studios in Berlin where parts of the album were recorded, and during rehearsals in Winnipeg for the Glastonbury Festival 2011. The film contains unreleased scenes from the group's 1988 motion picture "Rattle and Hum", along with archival footage and stills from the "Achtung Baby" recording sessions. Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes.
Question: In what year was the owner of Dhalgren's publisher formed?

nocturnal is a novel and podcast by author scott sigler. the novel was originally released in 2007 in podcast format, with a print format releasing in 2012 by crown publishing with some elements from the original version altered. <SEP> From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. <SEP> The Bantam edition went through 19 printings, selling slightly more than a million copies. "Dhalgren" was officially published in January, 1975 (with copies available on bookshelves as early as the first week in December, 1974), as a paperback original (a Frederik Pohl selection) by Bantam Books. <SEP> the saint on tv is a collection of two mystery novellas by fleming lee, continuing the adventures of the sleuth simon templar a.k.a. "the saint", created by leslie charteris. this book was first published in the united states in 1968 by the crime club, and in the united kingdom later that year by hodder and stoughton. this is the first time since 1948's "call for the saint" that the novella format had been used in the series; with a few exceptions where full-length novels were published, the novella format would remain the norm until the series concluded in the early 1980s. it is the first of three saint books to first see publication in 1968, which was also the 40th anniversary of the character's introduction.
Question: When does the musical Meet Me in the city where the producer of From the Sky Down was born take place?

assembly of desktop computers for the north american market formerly took place at dell plants in austin, texas (original location) and lebanon, tennessee (opened in 1999), which have been closed in 2008 and early 2009, respectively. the plant in winston-salem, north carolina received $280 million usd in incentives from the state and opened in 2005, but ceased operations in november 2010, and dell's contract with the state requires them to repay the incentives for failing to meet the conditions. most of the work that used to take place in dell's u.s. plants was transferred to contract manufacturers in asia and mexico, or some of dell's own factories overseas. the miami, florida facility of its alienware subsidiary remains in operation, while dell continues to produce its servers (its most profitable products) in austin, texas. <SEP> at a major lunar standstill, which takes place every 18.6 years, the declination range of the moon reaches a maximum. as a result, viewed from high latitudes, the moon's greatest altitude (at culmination, when it contacts the meridian) changes in just two weeks -- from high in the sky to low over the horizon. <SEP> Meet Me in St. Louis is a musical film made by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and released in 1944. Divided into a series of seasonal vignettes, starting with Summer 1903, it relates the story of a year in the life of the Smith family in St. Louis, leading up to the opening of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (more commonly referred to as the World's Fair) in the spring of 1904. The picture stars Judy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, Lucille Bremer, Tom Drake, Leon Ames, Marjorie Main, June Lockhart, and Joan Carroll. <SEP> His father was Jewish, whereas his mother was Episcopalian. He graduated from the Potomac School (McLean, Virginia) (1979), from Sidwell Friends School (1982), and from Brown University (1986). He was born Philip Davis Guggenheim in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, the son of Marion Davis (née Streett) and film director and producer Charles Guggenheim. <SEP> From the Sky Down is a 2011 American documentary film directed by Davis Guggenheim about rock band U2 and the production of their 1991 album "Achtung Baby". The film documents the album's difficult recording period, the band members' relationships, and the group's creative process. Guggenheim, who was commissioned by U2 to create the film to commemorate the record's 20th anniversary, spent several months in 2011 developing the documentary. The band were filmed during a return visit to Hansa Studios in Berlin where parts of the album were recorded, and during rehearsals in Winnipeg for the Glastonbury Festival 2011. The film contains unreleased scenes from the group's 1988 motion picture "Rattle and Hum", along with archival footage and stills from the "Achtung Baby" recording sessions. Development of the album's emblematic song "One" is recounted through the replaying of old recording tapes.
Question: When does Meet Me in the city Gracie's producer was born take place?

Divided into a series of seasonal vignettes, starting with Summer 1903, it relates the story of a year in the life of the Smith family in St. Louis, leading up to the opening of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (more commonly referred to as the World's Fair) in the spring of 1904. Meet Me in St. Louis is a musical film made by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and released in 1944. The picture stars Judy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, Lucille Bremer, Tom Drake, Leon Ames, Marjorie Main, June Lockhart, and Joan Carroll. <SEP> His father was Jewish, whereas his mother was Episcopalian. He was born Philip Davis Guggenheim in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, the son of Marion Davis (née Streett) and film director and producer Charles Guggenheim. He graduated from the Potomac School (McLean, Virginia) (1979), from Sidwell Friends School (1982), and from Brown University (1986). <SEP> It stars Carly Schroeder as Gracie Bowen, Dermot Mulroney as Bryan Bowen, Elisabeth Shue as Lindsay Bowen, Jesse Lee Soffer as Johnny Bowen, and Andrew Shue as Coach Owen Clark. Gracie is a 2007 American sports drama film directed by Davis Guggenheim. <SEP> assembly of desktop computers for the north american market formerly took place at dell plants in austin, texas (original location) and lebanon, tennessee (opened in 1999), which have been closed in 2008 and early 2009, respectively. the plant in winston-salem, north carolina received $280 million usd in incentives from the state and opened in 2005, but ceased operations in november 2010, and dell's contract with the state requires them to repay the incentives for failing to meet the conditions. most of the work that used to take place in dell's u.s. plants was transferred to contract manufacturers in asia and mexico, or some of dell's own factories overseas. the miami, florida facility of its alienware subsidiary remains in operation, while dell continues to produce its servers (its most profitable products) in austin, texas. <SEP> mozart's birthplace (german: ' or ') was the birthplace of wolfgang amadeus mozart at no. 9 getreidegasse in salzburg, austria. the mozart family resided on the third floor from 1747 to 1773. mozart himself was born here on 27 january 1756. he was the seventh child of leopold mozart, who was a musician of the salzburg royal chamber.
Question: When does Meet Me in the birthplace of Gracie's director take place?

Gracie is a 2007 American sports drama film directed by Davis Guggenheim. It stars Carly Schroeder as Gracie Bowen, Dermot Mulroney as Bryan Bowen, Elisabeth Shue as Lindsay Bowen, Jesse Lee Soffer as Johnny Bowen, and Andrew Shue as Coach Owen Clark. <SEP> Meet Me in St. Louis is a musical film made by Metro - Goldwyn - Mayer and released in 1944. The picture stars Judy Garland, Margaret O'Brien, Mary Astor, Lucille Bremer, Tom Drake, Leon Ames, Marjorie Main, June Lockhart, and Joan Carroll. Divided into a series of seasonal vignettes, starting with Summer 1903, it relates the story of a year in the life of the Smith family in St. Louis, leading up to the opening of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (more commonly referred to as the World's Fair) in the spring of 1904. <SEP> buchanan's birthplace state park is an pennsylvania state park near cove gap, in peters township, franklin county, pennsylvania in the united states. the park is on pennsylvania route 16 along tuscarora mountain. buchanan's birthplace state park was created from land donated to the state by harriet lane in honor of her uncle, the 15th president of the united states, james buchanan. <SEP> gunsmoke is an american radio and television western drama series created by director norman macdonnell and writer john meston. the stories take place in and around dodge city, kansas, during the settlement of the american west. the central character is lawman marshal matt dillon, played by william conrad on radio and james arness on television. when aired in the uk, the television series was initially titled gun law, later reverting to gunsmoke. <SEP> He was born Philip Davis Guggenheim in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, the son of Marion Davis (née Streett) and film director and producer Charles Guggenheim. His father was Jewish, whereas his mother was Episcopalian. He graduated from the Potomac School (McLean, Virginia) (1979), from Sidwell Friends School (1982), and from Brown University (1986).
Question: What year saw the formation of the entity that owns the book publisher responsible for Line to Tomorrow?

"green patches" is a science fiction short story by american writer isaac asimov. it was first published in the november 1950 issue of "galaxy science fiction" under the title "misbegotten missionary", and reprinted under that title in the 1952 anthology "tomorrow, the stars". it was retitled "green patches" in asimov's 1969 collection "nightfall and other stories". <SEP> From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> microsoft windows was announced by bill gates on november 10, 1983. microsoft introduced windows as a graphical user interface for ms - dos, which had been introduced a couple of years earlier. in the 1990s, the product line evolved from an operating environment into a fully complete, modern operating system over two lines of development, each with their own separate codebase. <SEP> Line to Tomorrow is a collection of science fiction and fantasy stories by American writers Henry Kuttner and C. L. Moore, published by Bantam Books in 1954. The book carried the byline of their joint pseudonym Lewis Padgett; the title is sometimes reported as "Line to Tomorrow and Other Stories of Fantasy and Science Fiction". Two of the stories were originally published under Kuttner's byline, but all are now generally considered joint efforts. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions.
Question: In which year was the owner of Lords of the Psychon's publisher formed?

Lords of the Psychon is a post-apocalyptic science fiction novel by American writer Daniel F. Galouye, published in April 1963 by Bantam Books. The Library of Congress Catalog Card Number is 63009177. Daniel Galouye wrote this story in 1963. It was his second novel, following the successful "Dark Universe", and reflects his interest in worlds where one's perception of reality is the key factor affecting that reality and the most important element of it. <SEP> jorkens remembers africa is a collection of fantasy short stories, narrated by mr. joseph jorkens, by writer lord dunsany. it was first published in new york city by longmans, green & co. in october, 1934, with the english edition (under the alternate title "mr. jorkens remembers africa") following in november of the same year from the same publisher. it was the second collection of dunsany's jorkens tales to be published. it has also been issued in combination with the first book, "the travel tales of mr. joseph jorkens", in the omnibus edition "the collected jorkens, volume one", published by night shade books in 2004. <SEP> lord weary's castle, robert lowell's second book of poetry, won the pulitzer prize for poetry in 1947 when lowell was only thirty. robert giroux, who was the publisher of lowell's wife at the time, jean stafford, also became lowell's publisher after he saw the manuscript for "lord weary's castle" and was very impressed; he later stated that "lord weary's castle" was the most successful book of poems that he ever published. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. <SEP> From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas.
Question: When was the owner of the publisher of Interstellar Pig formed?

It was listed as an ALA Notable Book, a SLJ Best Book of the Year, and a Junior Literary Guild Selection. Interstellar Pig, published in 1984 by Bantam Books, is a science fiction novel for young adults written by William Sleator. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> polaris is a science fiction mystery novel by american writer jack mcdevitt. it is the second book of his alex benedict series. antiquities dealer alex benedict and his employee, chase kolpath, become involved in a mystery involving the disappearance of the passengers and crew of an interstellar yacht from 60 years earlier. <SEP> an interstellar cloud is generally an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies. put differently, an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium, (ism), the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. depending on the density, size, and temperature of a given cloud, its hydrogen can be neutral, making an h i region; ionized, or plasma making it an h ii region; or molecular, which are referred to simply as molecular clouds, or sometimetimes dense clouds. neutral and ionized clouds are sometimes also called diffuse clouds. an interstellar cloud is formed by the gas and dust particles from a red giant in its later life. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group.
Question: Which year witnessed the formation of the company that owns the publisher of Time in Advance?

Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> "Time in Advance" was first published by Bantam Books as a paperback in 1958 and also published as a hardcover in the United Kingdom by Victor Gollancz in 1963, followed a hardcover edition in 1964 published in the United Kingdom by the Science Fiction Book Club and by a Panther paperback edition in April 1966. <SEP> the saint on tv is a collection of two mystery novellas by fleming lee, continuing the adventures of the sleuth simon templar a.k.a. "the saint", created by leslie charteris. this book was first published in the united states in 1968 by the crime club, and in the united kingdom later that year by hodder and stoughton. this is the first time since 1948's "call for the saint" that the novella format had been used in the series; with a few exceptions where full-length novels were published, the novella format would remain the norm until the series concluded in the early 1980s. it is the first of three saint books to first see publication in 1968, which was also the 40th anniversary of the character's introduction. <SEP> international transactions in operational research is a peer-reviewed academic journal which is published six times a year by wiley-blackwell on behalf of the international federation of operational research societies. the editorial mission of the journal is to advance the theory and practice of operational research and management science internationally. the current editor is celso c. ribeiro, universidade federal fluminense. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions.
Question: In what year was the formation of the company owned by the publisher of The Wild Geese?

walker run (also known as beach haven creek) is a tributary of the susquehanna river in luzerne county, pennsylvania, in the united states. it is approximately long and flows through salem township. the watershed of the stream has an area of . there are three unnamed tributaries. the stream is on rock of the mahantango formation, the harrell formation, the irish valley member, and the trimmers rock formation. a number of roads cross the stream. it is inhabited by wild trout. <SEP> He originally titled it "The Thin White Line", but it went unpublished until its film adaptation "The Wild Geese" was made. The Wild Geese is a 1978 novel by Rhodesian author Daniel Carney published by Bantam Books. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> millennium publications was an american independent comic book publishing company founded by mark ellis, melissa martin and paul davis. initially known as a publisher of licensed properties, millennium adapted works by arthur conan doyle, lester dent, frank frazetta, robert e. howard, harlan ellison, h.p. lovecraft, and anne rice; and even tv series like "the man from u.n.c.l.e." and "the wild wild west" into comic book form. the company expanded its repertoire of horror comics into original titles in the mid-1990s, and further branched out in its later years to embrace the alternative comics genre, starting a short-lived creator-owned imprint called modern comics. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions.
Question: In what year was the company that owns the publisher of Darkworld Detective formed?

It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). <SEP> the first batman story, "the case of the chemical syndicate", was published in detective comics #27 (may 1939). finger said, "batman was originally written in the style of the pulps", and this influence was evident with batman showing little remorse over killing or maiming criminals. batman proved a hit character, and he received his own solo title in 1940 while continuing to star in detective comics. by that time, detective comics was the top-selling and most influential publisher in the industry; batman and the company's other major hero, superman, were the cornerstones of the company's success. the two characters were featured side-by-side as the stars of world's finest comics, which was originally titled world's best comics when it debuted in fall 1940. creators including jerry robinson and dick sprang also worked on the strips during this period. <SEP> the state counsellor (, the 5th grade in the table of ranks of imperial russia) is the sixth novel in the erast fandorin historical detective series by boris akunin. it is subtitled "political detective mystery" (). "the state counsellor" was originally published in russia in 2000. the english translation was published in january 2008. <SEP> The linked stories feature protagonist, a detective on the planet Ja-Lur. Darkworld Detective is a collection of science fantasy stories written by J. Michael Reaves, published as a paperback original by Bantam Books in 1982. An authorized sequel, "The Black Hole of Carcosa", was written by John Shirley and published by Pocket Books in 1988.
Question: Which year witnessed the formation of the company that owns the publisher of Interstellar Pig?

the tale of pigling bland is a children's book written and illustrated by beatrix potter and first published by frederick warne & co. in 1913. the story describes the adventures of the pig of the title and how his life changes upon meeting a soul mate, in much the same way that potter's life was changing at the time the book was published. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> Interstellar Pig, published in 1984 by Bantam Books, is a science fiction novel for young adults written by William Sleator. It was listed as an ALA Notable Book, a SLJ Best Book of the Year, and a Junior Literary Guild Selection. <SEP> an interstellar cloud is generally an accumulation of gas, plasma, and dust in our and other galaxies. put differently, an interstellar cloud is a denser-than-average region of the interstellar medium, (ism), the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. depending on the density, size, and temperature of a given cloud, its hydrogen can be neutral, making an h i region; ionized, or plasma making it an h ii region; or molecular, which are referred to simply as molecular clouds, or sometimetimes dense clouds. neutral and ionized clouds are sometimes also called diffuse clouds. an interstellar cloud is formed by the gas and dust particles from a red giant in its later life. <SEP> Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions.
Question: Which year witnessed the formation of the company that owns the publisher of Peter Danielson?

bums: an oral history of the brooklyn dodgers is a non-fiction baseball book by peter golenbock. it was published in 1984 and won the casey award for the best baseball book of the year. <SEP> the broken horseshoe is a 1953 british crime film directed by martyn c. webster and starring robert beatty, elizabeth sellars, peter coke and hugh kelly. a surgeon is drawn into a murder case when he offers shelter to a woman who has witnessed a killing linked to a horse-doping syndicate. it was based on a six-part television series "the broken horseshoe" which had aired the previous year. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). <SEP> The series, called "Children of the Lion", is loosely based on Old Testament Biblical events. Peter Danielson is the pen name used by the authors of a series of 19 books published by Bantam Books between 1984 and 1995. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions.
Question: When was the owner of the publisher of The Infinite Man formed?

peary rader (1909–1991) was an american early bodybuilder, olympic lifter, writer, and magazine publisher from nebraska. he was the founding publisher of "iron man" from 1936 to 1986. <SEP> From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. <SEP> The Infinite Man is a science fiction novel written by Daniel F. Galouye and published in April 1973 by Bantam Books. <SEP> "when a man murders" is a nero wolfe mystery novella by rex stout, first published in the may 1954 issue of "the american magazine". it first appeared in book form in the short-story collection "three witnesses", published by the viking press in 1956.
Question: Which year witnessed the formation of the company that owns the publisher of Death Times Three?

the nordic journal of english studies is a swedish peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on english language and literature. it was established in 2002 and published by the university of oslo until 2006. it is currently published by the university of gothenburg and associated with the nordic association of english studies. it features a review section that is particularly concerned with publications from the nordic countries. the current editor in chief is karin aijmer. the journal is published two-three times a year. <SEP> It is the only collection of Stout's Nero Wolfe stories not to have appeared first in hardcover. The book contains three stories, one never before published: Death Times Three is a collection of Nero Wolfe novellas by Rex Stout, published posthumously by Bantam Books in 1985. <SEP> It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori). It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. <SEP> transactions of the philological society is a linguistics journal published three times a year by wiley-blackwell on behalf of the philological society. it has appeared since 1854, making it the oldest scholarly linguistics journal. it is currently edited by james clackson (university of cambridge).