Question: Where did the period in which mosaic fell out of fashion begin on the continent affected by Jacobinism?

Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics. <SEP> The Renaissance (UK: / rɪˈneɪsəns /, US: / rɛnəˈsɑːns /) is a period in European history, covering the span between the 14th and 17th centuries. It is an extension of the Middle Ages, and is bridged by the Age of Enlightenment to modern history. It grew in fragments, with the very first traces found seemingly in Italy, coming to cover much of Europe, for some scholars marking the beginning of the modern age. <SEP> Writing to a friend in May 1795, Burke surveyed the causes of discontent: "I think I can hardly overrate the malignity of the principles of Protestant ascendency, as they affect Ireland; or of Indianism [i.e. corporate tyranny, as practiced by the British East Indies Company], as they affect these countries, and as they affect Asia; or of Jacobinism, as they affect all Europe, and the state of human society itself. The last is the greatest evil". By March 1796, however Burke had changed his mind: "Our Government and our Laws are beset by two different Enemies, which are sapping its foundations, Indianism, and Jacobinism. In some Cases they act separately, in some they act in conjunction: But of this I am sure; that the first is the worst by far, and the hardest to deal with; and for this amongst other reasons, that it weakens discredits, and ruins that force, which ought to be employed with the greatest Credit and Energy against the other; and that it furnishes Jacobinism with its strongest arms against all formal Government". <SEP> some countries, particularly in sub-saharan africa, continue to have extreme cases of famine. since 2010, africa has been the most affected continent in the world. as of 2017, the united nations has warned some 20 million are at risk in south sudan, somalia, nigeria and yemen. agricultural conditions have been fluctuating more and more due to variations in weather, and the distribution of food has been affected by conflict. most programmes now direct their aid towards africa. <SEP> the ordovician period started at a major extinction event called the cambrian-ordovician extinction events some time about 485.4 ± 1.9 ma. during the ordovician the southern continents were collected into a single continent called gondwana. gondwana started the period in the equatorial latitudes and, as the period progressed, drifted toward the south pole. early in the ordovician the continents laurentia, siberia and baltica were still independent continents (since the break-up of the supercontinent pannotia earlier), but baltica began to move toward laurentia later in the period, causing the iapetus ocean to shrink between them. also, avalonia broke free from gondwana and began to head north toward laurentia. the rheic ocean was formed as a result of this. by the end of the period, gondwana had neared or approached the pole and was largely glaciated.