winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Richard G. Gotti, is a member of which crime family, cousin is Victoria Gotti, and was born in Brooklyn, New York City?

Victoria was born in Brooklyn, New York City.  Her father was convicted mob boss and criminal John Gotti and her mother was Victoria DiGiorgio, who is of Russian Jewish ancestry on her mother's side.  Victoria Gotti was raised in Howard Beach, New York with her siblings John, Pete, Frank, and Angela. <SEP> Anthony Salvatore "Gaspipe" Casso (born May 21, 1940 in Brooklyn, New York City) is an Italian-American mobster and former underboss of the Lucchese crime family.  During his career in organized crime, Casso was regarded as a "homicidal maniac" in the American Mafia, single-handedly killing over 40 to 50 people, and ordering as many as 100 or more murders.  Former Lucchese captain and government witness Anthony Accetturo once said of Casso, "all he wanted to do is kill, kill, get what you can, even if you didn't earn it."  In interviews and on the witness stand, Casso has confessed involvement in the murders of Frank DeCicco, Roy DeMeo, and Vladimir Reznikov.  Casso has also admitted to several attempts to murder Gambino family boss John Gotti. <SEP> John Angelo Gotti (born February 14, 1964) known as "Junior" Gotti, is a former New York City mobster who, according to law enforcement claims, was acting boss of the Gambino crime family from 1992 to 1999 after his father, John J. Gotti, was sent to prison.  Between 2004 and 2009 Gotti was a defendant in four racketeering trials which all ended in mistrials.  In January 2010, federal prosecutors announced that they would no longer seek to prosecute Gotti for those charges.  He has been referred to as "Teflon Jr." for evading conviction like his father. <SEP>  His father is Gambino capo Richard V. Gotti and cousins are capo John A. "Junior" Gotti, former reality television star Victoria Gotti, and Peter Gotti, Jr.  His uncle was Gambino boss John Gotti. Richard G. Gotti (born November 30, 1967) is a member of the Gambino crime family.
Question: Are Corfield v. Coryell and Gonzales v. Carhart both circuit court cases?

Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 (2007), is a United States Supreme Court case that upheld the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003.  The case reached the high court after U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales appealed a ruling of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in favor of LeRoy Carhart that struck down the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act.  Also before the Supreme Court was the consolidated appeal of Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which had struck down the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. <SEP> Freedom of movement under United States law is governed primarily by the Privileges and Immunities Clause of the United States Constitution which states, "The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several States."  As far back as the circuit court ruling in "Corfield v. Coryell," 6 Fed.  Cas.  546 (1823), freedom of movement has been judicially recognized as a fundamental Constitutional right.  In "Paul v. Virginia," 75 U.S. 168 (1869), the Court defined freedom of movement as "right of free ingress into other States, and egress from them."  However, the Supreme Court did not invest the federal government with the authority to protect freedom of movement.  Under the "privileges and immunities" clause, this authority was given to the states, a position the Court held consistently through the years in cases such as "Ward v. Maryland," 79 U.S. 418 (1871), the "Slaughter-House Cases," 83 U.S. 36 (1873) and "United States v. Harris," 106 U.S. 629 (1883). <SEP> LeRoy Harrison Carhart (born 1941) is an American physician from New Jersey best known for performing abortions late in pregnancy.  He became famous for his participation in the Supreme Court cases "Stenberg v. Carhart" and "Gonzales v. Carhart", both of which dealt with intact dilation and extraction (colloquially known as "partial-birth abortion").  He was one of the four subjects of the 2013 documentary "After Tiller". <SEP> Corfield v. Coryell (6 Fed.  Cas.  1823) is a landmark 1823 federal circuit court case decided by Justice Bushrod Washington, sitting as a judge for the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.  546, no. 3,230 C.C.E.D.Pa.  In it, he upheld a New Jersey regulation forbidding non-residents from gathering oysters and clams against a challenge that New Jersey's law violated the Article IV Privileges and Immunities Clause and that the New Jersey law regulated interstate commerce in violation of the Commerce Clause.  The case is available in Thayer's Cases on Constitutional Law, Part 2
Question: John Boorman and John Edward Heys, share which common occupation?

John Edward Heys (born April 24, 1951) is an American independent filmmaker, actor and writer who lives and works in Berlin. <SEP> Queen and Country is a 2014 British drama film directed by John Boorman.  It was selected to be screened as part of the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival.  The film is a sequel to Boorman's 1987 film "Hope and Glory", which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, and features several of the same characters, though with the passage of time most are played by different actors. <SEP> 'Mannadiaŕ' is a Hindu Kshatriya caste, found principally in the Indian state of Kerala.  People of this community are found only spread across the district of Palakkad in Kerala.  Agriculture and Trading are the two most common occupation adopted by these community members. <SEP>  He has directed 22 films and received five Academy Award nominations. John Boorman ( ; born 18 January 1933) is an English filmmaker who is best known for his feature films such as "Point Blank", "Hell in the Pacific", "Deliverance", "Zardoz", "Excalibur", "The Emerald Forest", "Hope and Glory", "The General", "The Tailor of Panama", and "Queen and Country".
Question: Bret Schundler served in the cabinet of a New Jersey governor whose term ended in what year?

Arthur Harry Moore (July 3, 1877 – November 18, 1952) was a Democrat who was the 39th Governor of New Jersey, serving three terms between 1926 and 1941.  He was the longest-serving New Jersey Governor in the 20th century and the only New Jersey Governor elected to serve three separate non-consecutive terms.  Moore represented New Jersey in the United States Senate from January 3, 1935, to January 17, 1938, when he stepped down to begin his third term as Governor of New Jersey. <SEP> The New Jersey gubernatorial election of 2001 was a race for the Governor of New Jersey.  It was held on November 6, 2001.  Primaries took place on June 25.  Democrat nominee Jim McGreevey won the general election with 56% of the vote — the first majority-elected governor since James Florio in 1989.  His Republican opponent in that race was Bret Schundler. <SEP> Bret D. Schundler (born January 14, 1959) is an American politician from New Jersey.  He served in the Cabinet of Governor Chris Christie as New Jersey Commissioner of Education until he was dismissed on August 27, 2010. <SEP>  His second and final term ends on January 16, 2018. Christopher James Christie (born September 6, 1962) is an American politician, lobbyist, and attorney.  He is a member of the Republican Party and has been the 55th Governor of New Jersey since January 2010.
Question: What position in the United States House of Representatives is served by the woman who appointed Brenda V.Smith?

Brenda V. Smith is a law professor at American University's Washington College of Law.  She is the Co-Director of the Community and Economic Development Law Clinic.  Professor Smith is also the Project Director for the United States Department of Justice, National Institute of Corrections Cooperative Agreement for the Project on Addressing Prison Rape.  From 2004 to 2009 she served on the National Prison Rape Elimination Commission.  In 1993, Professor Smith was awarded the Kellogg National Leadership Fellowship and, in 1998, inducted into the D.C. Women’s Hall of Fame for her work on behalf of low-income women and children.  She graduated magna cum laude from Spelman College in 1980 and from Georgetown University Law Center in 1984.  Smith was appointed to the Prison Rape commission by current House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. <SEP>  She previously served as the 52nd House Speaker from 2007 to 2011, the only woman to do so. Nancy Patricia D'Alesandro Pelosi ( ; born March 26, 1940) is an American politician who currently serves as the Minority Leader of the United States House of Representatives, representing California's 12th congressional district.  As Speaker, she attained the highest rank of any female politician in American history. <SEP> Valdez Venita "Val" Demings (née Butler; March 12, 1957) is an American police officer and politician who serves as the member of the United States House of Representatives from Florida 's 10 congressional district .  She served as Chief of the Orlando Police Department, the first woman to hold the position.  She was the Democratic nominee in both 2012 and 2016 to represent Florida's 10th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives, the latter of which Demings won. <SEP> Emanuel Raymond Lewis (Ray Lewis) was the longest-serving and final House Librarian for the United States House of Representatives Library in the U.S. Capitol Building.  He was appointed House Librarian in 1973, and served in this position until January 1995, at which time the library, along with the House Historical Office, were reorganized and placed under the new Legislative Resource Center, a division of the Office of the Clerk.  The House Library predated the Library of Congress, serving as the official repository of Congressional documents generated by the U.S. House of Representatives since 1792.
Question: Fairbanks International Airport and San Angelo Regional Airport, share which airport distinction?

San Angelo Regional Airport (IATA: SJT, ICAO: KSJT, FAA LID: SJT) , also known as Mathis Field, is a public airport serving the city of San Angelo, in Tom Green County, Texas, USA.  The airport covers 1503 acre and has three runways.  The airport also offers free parking. <SEP> KLST virtual channel 8 is the CBS-affiliated television station in San Angelo, Texas.  It's owned by the Irving, TX based Nexstar Media Group; through a Local Sales Agreement, Nexstar operates KSAN-TV, the NBC affiliate in San Angelo which is owned by Mission Broadcasting.  KLST broadcasts its digital signal on VHF channel 11, which remaps to former analog channel 8 via PSIP.  The two stations share studios located on Armstrong Street in San Angelo and its transmitter is located near Eola. <SEP> Pensacola International Airport (IATA: PNS, ICAO: KPNS, FAA LID: PNS) , formerly Pensacola Gulf Coast Regional Airport and Pensacola Regional Airport (Hagler Field), is a public use airport three nautical miles (6 km) northeast of the central business district of Pensacola, in Escambia County, Florida, United States.  It is owned by the City of Pensacola.  Despite the name, this airport does not offer direct international flights.  This airport is one of the five major airports in North Florida, others being: Northwest Florida Beaches International Airport, Destin-Fort Walton Beach Airport Tallahassee International Airport, and Jacksonville International Airport. <SEP>  Fairbanks is the smallest city in the United States with non-stop service to Europe, as Condor offers weekly flights to Frankfurt during the summer tourist season.  In addition, Air North is another international airline with flights (to Canada) and Antonov Airlines offers cargo flights to South Korea. Fairbanks International Airport (IATA: FAI, ICAO: PAFA, FAA LID: FAI) is a state-owned public-use airport located three miles (5 km) southwest of the central business district of Fairbanks, a city in the Fairbanks North Star Borough of the United States state of Alaska.
Question: Virginia Coigney is the mother of what singer who was part of a group with Peter Yarrow?

 Peter, Paul and Mary was one of the most successful folk-singing groups of the 1960s. Mary Allin Travers (November 9, 1936 – September 16, 2009) was an American singer-songwriter and member of the folk music group Peter, Paul and Mary, along with Peter Yarrow and (Noel) Paul Stookey. <SEP> Virginia A. Coigney (October 2, 1917 – December 18, 1997) was a civic leader, journalist and author.  She married journalist and author Robert Travers in the mid-1930s by whom she became the mother of folk singer Mary Travers of Peter, Paul & Mary fame. <SEP> Eleanor Barooshian (April 2, 1950 – August 30, 2016), also known as Eleanor Baruchian and as Chelsea Lee, was a member of the band the Cake (formed in New York in 1966).  In 1967, Barooshian appeared in "You Are What You Eat", a documentary film produced by Peter Yarrow of folk group Peter, Paul & Mary.  In the film, Barooshian performed the Sonny & Cher hit "I Got You Babe" with Tiny Tim.  She sang the male part while Tiny sang the female.  Yarrow cast them after seeing them perform at Steve Paul's The Scene in New York. <SEP> Peter Yarrow (born May 31, 1938) is an American singer and songwriter who found fame with the 1960s folk music trio Peter, Paul and Mary.  Yarrow co-wrote (with Leonard Lipton) one of the group's greatest hits, "Puff, the Magic Dragon".  He is also a political activist and has supported causes that range from opposition to the Vietnam War to the creation of Operation Respect, an organization that promotes tolerance and civility in schools.
Question: Sven Nykvist won the Independent Spirit award for a movie directed by who ?

Wash Westmoreland, also called Wash West, (born 4 March 1966) is an independent film director who has worked in television, documentaries, and independent films.  His 2006 release, "Quinceañera", had a double Sundance win (Audience Award and Grand Jury Prize), and it also picked up the Humanitas Prize and the John Cassavetes Spirit Award.  In 2008, Westmoreland produced an MTV film "Pedro" about AIDS activist Pedro Zamora that was introduced on MTV by U.S. President Bill Clinton.  Working with his partner Richard Glatzer, he directed "The Last of Robin Hood" in 2012 starring Kevin Kline, Susan Sarandon, and Dakota Fanning that was released in August 2014 by Goldwyn.  The duo's next film "Still Alice", based on Lisa Genova's NYT bestselling book, starred Julianne Moore, Kristen Stewart, and Alec Baldwin.  It premiered at Toronto International Film Festival in 2014 and was immediately picked up for distribution by Sony Picture Classics.  It went on to win many awards, especially for leading actress Julianne Moore, who won the SAG Award, the Independent Spirit Award, the BAFTA and the Academy Award for Best Actress. <SEP> Sven Vilhem Nykvist (] ) (3 December 1922 – 20 September 2006) was a Swedish cinematographer.  He worked on over 120 films, but is known especially for his work with director Ingmar Bergman.  He won Academy Awards for his work on two Bergman films, "Cries and Whispers" ("Viskningar och rop") in 1973 and "Fanny and Alexander" ("Fanny och Alexander") in 1983, and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Cinematography for "The Unbearable Lightness of Being". <SEP>  Director Philip Kaufman and screenwriter Jean-Claude Carrière portray the effect on Czechoslovak artistic and intellectual life during the 1968 Prague Spring of socialist liberalization preceding the invasion by the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact that ushered in a period of communist repression. The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a 1988 American film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Milan Kundera, published in 1984.  It portrays the moral, political, and psycho-sexual consequences for three bohemian friends: a surgeon, and two female artists with whom he has a sexual relationship. <SEP> The Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male is one of the annual Independent Spirit Awards.  Alan Arkin, Christopher Plummer, Jared Leto, and J. K. Simmons are the only actors to have won both this award and the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor the same year.
Question: The unit formed in 1936 featured what type of aircraft designed by Siegfried and Walter Gunter?

Heinkel's He 112 was a fighter aircraft designed by Walter and Siegfried Günter.  It was one of four planes designed to compete for the Luftwaffe's 1933 fighter contract, which was eventually won by the Messerschmitt Bf 109.  Small numbers of the He 112 were used for a short time by the Luftwaffe, and small runs were completed for several other countries, but less than one hundred were completed in total. <SEP>  Through development it was described as a "wolf in sheep's clothing" because the project masqueraded the machine as civilian transport, though from conception the Heinkel was intended to provide the nascent Luftwaffe with a fast medium bomber. The Heinkel He 111 was a German aircraft designed by Siegfried and Walter Günter at Heinkel Flugzeugwerke in 1934. <SEP> The Heinkel He 112 is a German fighter aircraft designed by Walter and Siegfried Günter.  It was one of four aircraft designed to compete for the Luftwaffe's 1933 fighter contract, in which it eventually came second behind the Messerschmitt Bf 109.  Small numbers were used for a short time by the Luftwaffe, and small runs were completed for several other countries, but only around 100 were completed in total. <SEP> "Lehrgeschwader" 1 (LG 1) (Demonstration Wing 1) formerly "Lehrgeschwader Greifswald" was a Luftwaffe multi-purpose unit during World War II, operating fighter, bomber and dive-bomber "Gruppen".  The unit was formed in July 1936 and operated the Messerschmitt Bf 109, Messerschmitt Bf 110, Dornier Do 17, Heinkel He 111, Junkers Ju 88 and Junkers Ju 87.
Question: Gold Center, Nevada is on the stagecoach route to which ghost town in Nye County, Nevada?

The Wickahoney Post Office and Stage Station is an abandoned post office and stagecoach station which served the community of Wickahoney, Idaho.  The building was built with lava rock and featured a wooden porch and a shingled roof with seven gables.  It served as Wickahoney's post office from 1895 to 1911.  In addition, the building was a stagecoach stop on the route between Mountain Home, Idaho and Mountain City, Nevada.  The route brought supplies to mines in northern Nevada and was considered to be Wickahoney's best chance at economic success.  However, a stagecoach route through Elko, Nevada supplanted the route through Wickahoney, and the community eventually faded away.  The post office building is now located in a remote desert area; while its isolation helped preserve the building long after the stagecoach route ended, it has lost its roof and porch. <SEP> Rhyolite is a ghost town in Nye County, in the U.S. state of Nevada.  It is in the Bullfrog Hills, about 120 mi northwest of Las Vegas, near the eastern edge of Death Valley.  The town began in early 1905 as one of several mining camps that sprang up after a prospecting discovery in the surrounding hills.  During an ensuing gold rush, thousands of gold-seekers, developers, miners and service providers flocked to the Bullfrog Mining District.  Many settled in Rhyolite, which lay in a sheltered desert basin near the region's biggest producer, the Montgomery Shoshone Mine. <SEP> Gold Center was a mining town in Nye County, Nevada.  Located in the Bullfrog Mining District south of Tonapah, Gold Center was established in December 1904 with a United States Post Office being authorized on January 21, 1905.  The location of the town was ideal as it was on the stagecoach route to Rhyolite and Beatty.  The town began publishing its own newspaper in 1907.  It was also near the Amargosa River, allowing sufficient water for drinking and for two mills and an ice house.  Gold Center also sold water to Rhyolite and Carrara.  The Tonopah and Tidewater Railroad, the Las Vegas & Tonopah Railroad and the Bullfrog Goldfield Railroad all ran through Gold Center.  Gold Center also had the first brewery in the area which was built underground to maintain a cool temperature. <SEP> Lockes, also known as "Ostorside" or "Ostonside", is a ghost town on U.S. Highway 6 in eastern Nye County, Nevada.  The site is approximately 73 miles by road Southwest by south of Ely, Nevada and 95 miles by road Northeast by east of Tonopah, Nevada, with the nearest town being Currant, 24 miles to the Northeast along U.S. 6.
Question: The Caleb Whittaker Place is a historic house on Perkins Pond Road in Weare, a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, in which country?

The Gov. Meshech Weare House is a historic house on Exeter Road (New Hampshire Route 88) in Hampton Falls, New Hampshire.  The main block of this 2-1/2 story wood frame house was built in 1723, and is notable as the home of Meshech Weare, the first Governor of New Hampshire after it declared independence from the British crown.  The house stands facing a small park also named in Weare's honor.  The house has ells extending to the rear, which are 20th century work done to replace others destroyed in fires.  After a 1957 fire the rear of the main block was extending, increasing the size of the rooms there. <SEP> Weare is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, United States.  The population was 8,785 at the 2010 census.  It is close to two important New Hampshire cities, Manchester and Concord. <SEP> The Caleb Martin House is a historic house at 42 Mill Pond Road in Bethlehem, Connecticut.  With its oldest portion dating to 1730, it is one of the community's oldest buildings, exhibiting a wealth of construction detail through its 18th-century transformation from a small single-pile house to a full saltbox.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. <SEP>  Built in 1765, this single-story wood frame structure is remarkable for the excellent state of preservation of its interior.  It is estimated to have been built c. 1765 by Caleb Whittaker, one of Weare's first settlers.  The oldest portion of the house is a simple Cape-style structure with an unfinished attic space, with what is now the central chimney offset on its west side.  On the far side of the chimney a similar section was built, probably not long after the first section, but its interior was apparently never finished off until 1977, when care was taken to preserve the original hand-hewn timbers.  The exterior of the house was resided in 1902, at which time dormers and a porch were added. The Caleb Whittaker Place is a historic house on Perkins Pond Road in Weare, New Hampshire.  Because the house was tied up in estate litigation for many years in the 20th century, a number of features have survived inside that are often lost due to modernization, including leather-pinned door hinges and deeply worn wide floor boards.
Question: Which film came out first, "Secrets of Life", or "Wild Hearts Can't Be Broken"?

Dasein ohne Leben – Psychiatrie und Menschlichkeit ("Existence Without Life" – "Psychiatry and Humanity") is a 1942 Nazi propaganda film about the physically and mentally disabled: closeups of disabled persons.  The director was Hermann Schwenninger, one of the three managing directors of Gemeinnützige Krankentransport ("Charitable Ambulance"), a front company of Aktion T4, the central institution for the mass murder of patients in the Third Reich.  Schwenninger also wrote parts of the screenplay of "Ich klage an".  The contract for the film came from Hitler's Chancellery, and was produced by Tobis Film. <SEP> Secrets of Life is a 1956 American documentary film written and directed by James Algar.  The documentary follows the changing world of nature, the sky, the sea, the sun, planets, insects and volcanic action.  The documentary was released on November 6, 1956, by Buena Vista Distribution. <SEP> Wild Hearts Can’t Be Broken is a 1991 drama film about Sonora Webster Carver, a rider of diving horses, starring Gabrielle Anwar as Carver alongside Michael Schoeffling and Cliff Robertson.  It is based on events in her life as told in her memoir "A Girl and Five Brave Horses". <SEP> Home and Away: Secrets and the City is an exclusive-to-video and DVD special of Australia's most popular soap opera "Home and Away".  In 2002, it was only released on video and a year later it received a DVD release.  It is hosted by "Home and Away" star Tammin Sursok — in character as Dani Sutherland, not as herself — and contains three episodes, two of which were aired on TV: "Shattered Hearts" and "Broken Dreams", from the fifteenth season of "Home and Away", while the third episode, "Secrets and the City" will never be aired on TV; it is only to be seen on the video and DVD.
Question:  Opie Ortiz is an American artist best known for his art featured on the album covers of a ska punk band formed in what year?

Tuesday was a pop punk band formed by three ex-members of Chicago ska punk band Slapstick after the latter's breakup in 1996.  The band's initial line-up consisted of Dan Andriano (bass/vocals), Matt Stamps (guitar), and Rob Kellenberger (drums/vocals).  They released a demo on 1133 in 1996, before releasing an EP, titled "Early Summer", on Asian Man Records in 1997.  Later in the year, they acquired a second guitarist, Tyler Wiseman, and released their first and only album, "Freewheelin".  Following a tour of U.S. in support of the album, the band broke up.  Shortly thereafter, Andriano joined Alkaline Trio. <SEP>  The band's line-up, unchanged until their breakup, consisted of Bradley Nowell (vocals and guitar), Eric Wilson (bass), and Bud Gaugh (drums). Sublime was an American ska punk band from Long Beach, California, formed in 1988.  Lou Dog, Nowell's dalmatian, was the mascot of the band.  Nowell died of a heroin overdose in 1996, resulting in Sublime's breakup.  In 1997, posthumous songs such as "What I Got", "Santeria", "Wrong Way", "Doin' Time", and "April 29, 1992 (Miami)" were released to U.S. radio. <SEP> Energy is the only studio album by the Berkeley, California-based ska punk band Operation Ivy.  It was originally released on vinyl and cassette in May 1989 through Lookout Records with the catalog number LK 010.  Although the album itself has never been released on CD, all of the tracks were featured on the career-spanning compilation "Operation Ivy" issued by Lookout in 1991.  Despite achieving no mainstream success, "Energy" is considered one of the most important albums of ska punk and is frequently cited as an influence by many later bands of the genre. <SEP>  Murals painted by Ortiz can be found in and around Long Beach.  Opie operated American Beauty Tattoo for approximately 7 years before moving on to open World Famous Tattoo. Opie Ortiz is an American artist specializing in tattoos, pop art and murals. Ortiz is best known for his art featured on Sublime album covers.  He now works at Ink Assassins, located in Long Beach, Ca.  Ortiz was also responsible for the "Sublime" tattoo across Bradley Nowell's upper back, which appeared on the cover of the multi-platinum self-titled album "Sublime", along with the flower art covering the front of the CD.  He also created the burning sun on the cover of "40 Oz.  to Freedom", the cover artwork for "Second-Hand Smoke", 1997's "Doin' Time" EP, as well as the "Everything Under the Sun" box set.  He has also been a member of the bands Long Beach Dub Allstars and Dubcat.
Question: What type of category does Plantago and Matteuccia have in common?

Fitkid (also "FitKid", "Fit Kid" or "Fit-Kid") is a type of children's sport combining gymnastics, dance and acrobatics.  It originated in Europe in the 1990s, and is meant to engage children 8–18 years of age in fun individual and group exercise, free of the extremes of more strenuous aerobics or traditional gymnastics.  International competitions are organized regularly by the "International FitKid Division", in addition to national competitions.  A routine stands of four types of elements: strength, flexibility, acrobatics, and jumps.  All elements are graded by difficulty from A to H.  A elements being worth 0.1 points, B 0.2, C 0.3, and so on until H which is worth 0.8.  Routines get evaluated in three categories: technique, artistry, and content (execution of elements).  Competition is divided by age groups (I. to IX.  (or Senior in A category)), and categories ( which are based on knowledge).  There three categories (from hardest to easiest) A, B, and C, also called Dance.  In each categories there are group and individual routines.  In C Category (here group routines are also called Dance Show) team member can go from 4 to 8.  In A and B category there are duos, small groups (3-4), and big groups (5-6).  In C category, individually 4 elements have to be performed ( one from each type), A or B difficulty, and in groups, two are optional.  In B category individually 8 elements need to be performed ( two from each type) A-D difficulty ( but max.  two elements can be D), and in groups 4 (same as C category individual).  In A category team and individual, 8 elements need to be performed (same as B category) and an acrobatic connection is optional.  Skills in A category can be any difficulty. <SEP> Plantago is a genus of about 200 species of small, inconspicuous plants commonly called plantains or fleaworts.  The common name plantain is shared with the unrelated cooking plantain, a kind of banana.  Most are herbaceous plants, though a few are subshrubs growing to 60 cm tall. <SEP>  It is a crown-forming, colony-forming plant, occurring in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere in central and northern Europe, northern Asia, and northern North America.  The species epithet "struthiopteris" comes from Ancient Greek words, "struthio" meaning ostrich and "pterion" meaning wing. Matteuccia is a genus of ferns with one species, Matteuccia struthiopteris (common names ostrich fern, fiddlehead fern or shuttlecock fern). <SEP> Plantago cordata is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name heartleaf plantain.  It is native to eastern North America, where it is distributed throughout eastern Canada and the eastern United States.  Though it has a wide distribution, it is very localized, and populations have declined almost everywhere.
Question: The leader of the band that came out with Monuments to an Elegy was born on what date?

"Run2me" is a song by The Smashing Pumpkins, released as the fourth single from the band's ninth studio album "Monuments to an Elegy".  The accompanying music video was premiered on Vulture.com on October 22, 2015. <SEP> Monuments to an Elegy is the ninth studio album by American alternative rock band The Smashing Pumpkins, released on December 5, 2014.  The album received generally positive reviews from music critics, but sold poorly compared to the band's previous albums, peaking at number 33 in the U.S. and number 59 in the U.K., thus making it their lowest charting album in both regions since their debut, "Gish" (1991).  Band leader Billy Corgan has noted that—similar to the band's previous release, "Oceania"—the album is a part of the ongoing project, "Teargarden by Kaleidyscope". <SEP>  He is best known as the lead singer, primary songwriter, guitarist, and sole permanent member of The Smashing Pumpkins.  Formed by Corgan and guitarist James Iha in Chicago, Illinois, in 1988, the band quickly gained steam with the addition of bassist D'arcy Wretzky and drummer Jimmy Chamberlin.  Strong album sales and large-scale tours propelled the band's increasing fame in the 1990s until their break-up in 2000. William Patrick "Billy" Corgan Jr. (born March 17, 1967) is an American musician, songwriter, producer, poet, and entrepreneur.  Corgan started a new band called Zwan, and after their quick demise, he released a solo album ("TheFutureEmbrace") and a collection of poetry ("Blinking with Fists") before setting his sights on reforming Smashing Pumpkins. <SEP> Northern Oak are a folk metal band from Sheffield, England.  The band formed in 2006 and their debut album, "Tales From Rivelin" came out in 2008.  The band then released two live studio EPs entitled "Into The Attic, 28 July 2009" and "Northern Oak", before releasing their second full-length album "Monuments" in December 2010, to acclaim from a number of underground music publications such as Metal Hammer Magazine, Zero Tolerance Magazine, and Terrorizer
Question: What is the name of the book in which James Marsh's movie "Man on Wire" is based?

Timothy H. Breen (September 5, 1942 in Ohio) is currently the William Smith Mason Professor of American History Emeritus at Northwestern University and a James Marsh Professor at Large at the University of Vermont.  He is the founding director of the Kaplan Humanities Center and the Nicholas D. Chabraja Center for Historical Studies at Northwestern.  Breen is a specialist on the American Revolution.  He studies the history of early America with a special interest in political thought, material culture, and cultural anthropology.  Breen has published multiple books and over 60 articles.  In 2010 he released his latest book, "American Insurgents, American Patriots: The Revolution of the People".  Breen won the Colonial War Society Prize for the best book on the American Revolution for "Marketplace of Revolution: How Consumer Politics Shaped American Independence" (2004), the T. Saloutus Prize for his book "Tobacco Culture: The Mentality of the Great Tidewater Planters of the Eve of Revolution", and the Historical Preservation Book Prize for his work "Imagining the Past: East Hampton Histories".  Breen also holds several awards for distinguished teaching from Northwestern. <SEP> James Marsh (born 30 April 1963) is a British film and documentary director best known for his work on "Man on Wire", which won the 2008 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature, and "The Theory of Everything", the multi-award winning biopic of physicist Stephen Hawking released in 2014. <SEP> Man on Wire is a 2008 British biographical documentary film directed by James Marsh.  The film chronicles Philippe Petit's 1974 high-wire walk between the Twin Towers of New York's World Trade Center.  It is based on Petit's book, "To Reach the Clouds", released in paperback with the title "Man on Wire".  The title of the film is taken from the police report that led to the arrest (and later release) of Petit, whose performance had lasted for almost one hour.  The film is crafted like a heist film, presenting rare footage of the preparations for the event and still photographs of the walk, alongside re-enactments (with Paul McGill as the young Petit) and present-day interviews with the participants, including Barry Greenhouse, an insurance executive who served as the inside man. <SEP> Shadow Dancer is a 2012 British-Irish drama film directed by James Marsh and based on the novel of the same name by Tom Bradby who also wrote the film's script.  The film premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and was screened out of competition at the 62nd Berlin International Film Festival in February 2012.
Question: Gedeon Burkhard appeared as Corporal Wilhelm Wicki in what film that was written and directed by Quentin Tarantino?

Quentin Tarantino is an American director, producer, screenwriter and actor, who has directed eight films and written all of them.  He began his career in the late 1980s by directing, writing and starring in the black-and-white "My Best Friend's Birthday", a partially lost amateur short film which was never officially released.  He impersonated musician Elvis Presley in a small role in the sitcom "The Golden Girls" (1988), and briefly appeared in "Eddie Presley" (1992).  As an independent filmmaker, he directed, wrote and appeared in the crime thriller "Reservoir Dogs" (1992), which tells the story of five strangers who team up for a jewelry heist.  It proved to be Tarantino's breakthrough film and was named the "Greatest Independent Film of all Time" by "Empire".  His screenplay for Tony Scott's "True Romance" (1993) was nominated for a Saturn Award. <SEP>  The film tells the fictional alternate history story of two plots to assassinate Nazi Germany's political leadership, one planned by Shosanna Dreyfus (Laurent), a young French Jewish cinema proprietor, and the other by a team of Jewish American soldiers led by First Lieutenant Aldo Raine (Pitt). Inglourious Basterds is a 2009 war film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino starring Brad Pitt, Christoph Waltz, Michael Fassbender, Eli Roth, Diane Kruger, Til Schweiger, and Mélanie Laurent.  Christoph Waltz co-stars as Hans Landa, an SS colonel tracking down Raine's group and who has a connection to Shosanna's past.  The film's title was inspired by Italian director Enzo G. Castellari's macaroni combat film, "The Inglorious Bastards" (1978). <SEP> The Last Train (German: "Der letzte Zug" ) is a 2006 German film directed by Joseph Vilsmaier and Dana Vávrová, and starring Gedeon Burkhard, Lale Yavas, and Lena Beyerling.  The film depicts the fate of some of the last remaining Jews in Berlin, who in April 1943 were rounded up at the Berlin-Grunewald station and sent to the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz.  The film stands out due to its proximity as well as the unsparing realism with which the brutality of a transport to the Auschwitz concentration camp appears. <SEP> Gedeon Burkhard (born July 3, 1969) is a German film and television actor.  Although he has appeared in numerous films and TV series in both Europe and the US, he is probably best recognised for his role as Alexander Brandtner in the Austrian/German television series "Kommissar Rex" (1997–2001), which has been aired on television in numerous countries around the world, or as Corporal Wilhelm Wicki in the 2009 film "Inglourious Basterds".  He is also well recognised for his role as Chris Ritter in the long-running series Alarm für Cobra 11.
Question: The director of a 1996 crime thriller film based on John Grisham's novel of the same name was born in what year?

The Chamber is a 1996 crime thriller film based on John Grisham's novel of the same name.  The film was directed by James Foley and stars Gene Hackman and Chris O'Donnell. <SEP>  His 1986 film "At Close Range" was entered into the 36th Berlin International Film Festival. James Foley (born December 28, 1953) is an American film director.  Other films he has directed include "Glengarry Glen Ross", based on the both Pulitzer Prize and Tony Award winning play of the same name by David Mamet (actor Al Pacino received an Academy Award nomination for his performance in the film), and "The Chamber", based on the novel of the same name by best-selling author John Grisham. <SEP> A Time to Kill is a 1996 American crime drama film based on John Grisham's 1989 novel of the same name, directed by Joel Schumacher.  Sandra Bullock, Samuel L. Jackson, Matthew McConaughey, and Kevin Spacey star, with Oliver Platt, Ashley Judd, Kiefer and Donald Sutherland, and Patrick McGoohan appearing in supporting roles.  Set in Canton, Mississippi, the film involves the rape of a young girl, the arrest of the rapists, their subsequent murder by the girl's father, and the father's trial for murder.  The film was a critical and commercial success, making $152 million at the worldwide box office. <SEP> "The Firm" is a legal-drama television series, created by Lukas Reiter for NBC, Global and AXN, that is adapted as a sequel to the 1991 John Grisham novel of the same name and its 1993 film adaptation in the Washington Metropolitan Area.  The television adaptation is set ten years after the novel and film.  It is executive produced by John Grisham, John Morayniss, Michael Rosenberg, Noreen Halpern, and Reiter.  It premiered in Canada and the U.S. as a two-hour special on January 8, 2012 and assumed its regular time slot on January 12, 2012, replacing "Prime Suspect" in the Thursday night lineup of both Global and NBC.  The series premiered on AXN on February 19, 2012.
Question: What position in the Janata Party did the man who inaugurated Academic Hinduphobia hold?

Tamilisai Soundararajan is a member of Bharatiya Janata Party in India.  She is the current president of the Party’s Tamil Nadu unit.  She was a National Secretary of the Bharatiya Janata Party prior to this appointment.  She started as local medical wing secretary of the party and rose through the rank to hold the current position.  She is the daughter of Kumari Anandan, senior congress party leader in Tamil Nadu. <SEP> Subramanian Swamy (born 15 September 1939) is an Indian economist, mathematician and politician who serves as a Member of Parliament in Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament.  Swamy has served as a member of the Planning Commission of India and was a Cabinet Minister in the Chandra Shekhar government.  He was the President of the Janata Party until it merged with Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).  Earlier in November 1978, Swamy was member of the Group of Eminent persons and was called to Geneva, Switzerland to prepare a report of the United Nations (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)) on Economic Co-operation between Developing countries (ECDC).  Swamy also simplified trade procedures and formulated a new export strategy which became the forerunner of trade reform adopted subsequently.  In 1994, Swamy was appointed as Chairman of the Commission on Labour Standards and International Trade by former Prime Minister P. V. Narasimha Rao. <SEP> The Indian general election, 1977 polls in Tamil Nadu were held for 39 seats in the state.  The result was a big victory for Indian National Congress under Indira Gandhi and its allies Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and Communist Party of India winning 34 seats, while Janata Party and its allies Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and Indian National Congress (Organisation) won only 5 seats.  The Janata Party ended up winning this election.  After the election, the ADK ended up supporting the Janata Party under Morarji Desai.  In 1979, ADK continued to support Janata Party, by supporting Charan Singh, which resulted in the appointment of two ADK cabinet members. <SEP> Academic Hinduphobia: A Critique of Wendy Doniger's Erotic School of Indology is a 2016 collection of essays written and published in the early 2000s by Rajiv Malhotra "critiquing Western Indology and discussing a wide range of challenges confronting Hinduism, India and the world," published by Voice of India.  The book was inaugurated by Dr. Subramanian Swamy at an event at India International Centre at New Delhi on 10 July 2016.
Question: Wycliffe Hall is named after a philosopher who passed away in which year ?

The Breeze: An Appreciation of JJ Cale is the twenty-second studio album by Eric Clapton.  It consists of covers of songs by J. J. Cale, who had passed away the previous year.  It was named after Cale's 1972 single "Call Me the Breeze".  It was produced by Clapton and Simon Climie. <SEP>  The college is named after John Wycliffe, master of Balliol College, Oxford in the 14th century. Wycliffe Hall is a Church of England theological college and a Permanent Private Hall of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. <SEP> Francis John Taylor (13 November 1912 – 4 July 1971) was the third Bishop of Sheffield from 1962.  Born on 13 November 1912 and educated at Hymers College and The Queen's College, Oxford, he was ordained in 1937 and began his career with a curacy at Walcot, Bath.  He was then a Tutor, Lecturer and Chaplain at Wycliffe Hall, Oxford after which he was Vicar of Christ Church, Claughton, Merseyside.  From 1954, he was Principal of Wycliffe, a post he held until his elevation to the Episcopate .  An autocratic Prelate, he died in post on 4 July 1971. <SEP> John Wycliffe ( ; also spelled "Wyclif", "Wycliff", "Wiclef", "Wicliffe", "Wickliffe"; 1320s – 31 December 1384) was an English scholastic philosopher, theologian, Biblical translator, reformer, and seminary professor at Oxford.  He was an influential dissident within the Roman Catholic priesthood during the 14th century.
Question: Are Gloria Naylor and Dorothy L. Sayers both nationals of the same country ?

Linden Hills is a novel written by Gloria Naylor, originally published in 1985.  Naylor bases her allegory on Dante's Inferno.  The narrative is written from a third-person omniscient perspective, detailing different characters based on different traits that correspond with the different rings of Dante's interpretation of Hell.  The novel is a revision of Naylor's Yale master’s thesis. <SEP> Gloria Naylor (January 25, 1950 – September 28, 2016) was an American novelist, known for her book "The Women of Brewster Place". <SEP> Dorothy Leigh Sayers ( ; 13 June 1893 – 17 December 1957) was a renowned English crime writer, poet, playwright, essayist, translator, and Christian humanist.  She was also a student of classical and modern languages. <SEP> The Wimsey Papers are a series of articles by Dorothy L. Sayers published between November 1939 and January 1940 in "The Spectator".  They had the form of letters exchanged by members of the Wimsey Family and other characters familiar to readers from the Lord Peter Wimsey detective novels, but were in fact intended to convey Sayers's opinions and commentaries on various aspects of public life in the early months of the Second World War, such as black-out, evacuation, rationing and the need of the public to take personal responsibility rather than wait for the government to guide them.  The subjects range from very practical and detailed advice on such issues as how pedestrians can avoid being hit by cars in black-out to quite Utopian and far-reaching schemes for the post-war reconstruction of Britain.
Question: Hungry Howie's Pizza & Subs, Inc., also known as Hungry Howie's Pizza, is a franchise and the 11th largest pizza chain in the United States, with over 550 locations, it's products include pizza, calzone-style subs, and which cuisine of the United States, is an unbreaded chicken wing section (flat or drumette) that is generally deep-fried then coated in a sauce consisting of a vinegar-based cayenne pepper hot sauce and melted butter prior to serving?

Trappey's Hot Sauce is one of the oldest hot sauce brands in the United States.  It was originally produced by the New Iberia, Louisiana-based company Trappey's Fine Foods, Inc.  Trappey's was purchased by B&G Foods in 1997.  Trappey's makes Red Devil Cayenne Pepper Sauce, Bull Louisiana Hot Sauce, Indi-Pep Pepper Sauce, Chef Magic Jalapeño Sauce, Trappey's Cut Okra, Trappey's Creole Okra Gumbo, Trappey's Cocktail Okra (mild and hot varieties) and pickled jalapeños. <SEP> Chicago Franchise Systems, Inc. franchises operates Italian-based Chicago-style restaurants in Illinois, Georgia, California and Missouri which specialize in Chicago-style cuisine They have operated since 1990, when they took over the popular Nancy's Pizza chain of pizzerias.  Nancy's itself was started in 1971 by Nancy and Rocco Palese, a couple who claims to have invented the concept of stuffed pizza.  Today, there are 36 Nancy's locations in Chicago metropolitan area, as well as two location in the Atlanta, Georgia area, and one in the Los Angeles, CA area.  CFS, Inc. operates Al's Beef, a popular Italian beef restaurant that is extremely well known in downtown Chicago and is regarded as one of the best beef sandwiches in the country.  CFS, Inc. just launched Doughocracy Pizza + Brews, a fast casual pizza place that gives customers the "Freedom to Choose" their own toppings on a hand stretched pizza crust that can be paired with local craft beers.  There are two Doughocracy restaurants, one in Geneva, Illinois and one in University City, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis. <SEP> Hungry Howie's Pizza & Subs, Inc., also known as Hungry Howie's Pizza, is a franchise and the 11th largest pizza chain in the United States, with over 550 locations.  Hungry Howie's products include pizza, calzone-style subs, chicken wings and tenders, bread, salads, and brownies. Its headquarters are located in Madison Heights, Michigan in Metro Detroit. <SEP>  The Buffalo wing was invented in 1964 at Anchor Bar in Buffalo, New York by Teressa Bellissimo. A Buffalo wing, in the cuisine of the United States, is an unbreaded chicken wing section (flat or drumette) that is generally deep-fried then coated in a sauce consisting of a vinegar-based cayenne pepper hot sauce and melted butter prior to serving.  They are generally served hot, along with celery sticks and/or carrot sticks with blue cheese for dipping.