Question: Do both films Outside The Three-Mile Limit and The Desert'S Toll have the directors that share the same nationality?

He directed over eighty films between 1915 and 1937 as well as several serials, doing much of his work for Universal Pictures. Clifford Smith( 1894–1937) was an American film director who also occasionally acted and produced. Primarily a director of westerns he worked with leading genre stars such as William S. Hart. <SEP> The three- mile limit refers to a traditional and now largely obsolete conception of the international law of the seas which defined a country's territorial waters, for the purposes of trade regulation and exclusivity, as extending as far as the reach of cannons fired from land. ( Improvements in cannons eventually allowed them to be able to fire a shell more than three miles, but Earth's curvature made this moot. From a height of a few meters above sea level( say, atop the wall of a coastal fort), the horizon is only about away. Thus there was no need to be able to shoot farther, since more distant targets would not be visible.) In" Mare Clausum"( 1635) John Selden endeavoured to prove that the sea was in practice virtually as capable of appropriation as terrestrial territory. As conflicting claims grew out of the controversy, maritime states came to modulate their demands and base their maritime claims on the principle that it extended seawards from land. A workable formula was found by Cornelius Bynkershoek in his" De dominio maris"( 1702), restricting maritime dominion to the actual distance within which can non range could effectively protect it. Most maritime nations adopted this principle, which developed into a limit of. It has also been suggested that the three- mile limit derived, at least in some cases, from the general application of the league( a common unit of measurement at sea) rather than from the range of cannon. Since the mid-20th century, numerous nations have claimed territorial waters well beyond the traditional three- mile limit. Commonly these maritime territories extend from a coastline, and this was eventually established as the international norm by the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. As a result, the three- mile limit has become largely obsolete., only Gibraltar, Jordan, Palau, and Singapore retain it. <SEP> Outside the Three- Mile Limit is a 1940 American crime film directed by Lewis D. Collins and written by Albert DeMond. The film stars Jack Holt, Harry Carey, Sig Ruman, Eduardo Ciannelli, Donald Briggs and Irene Ware. The film was released on March 7, 1940, by Columbia Pictures. <SEP> Bush Pilot is a 1947 Canadian- American film directed by Sterling Campbell. The film, produced by Campbell's Dominion Productions, was noted for being one of the first full- length feature films outside Quebec in which a Canadian production company held the primary role. <SEP> A print is preserved at the George Eastman House in Rochester, New York. The Desert's Toll is a 1926 western film, directed by Clifford Smith. <SEP> Lewis D. Collins, often known as Lew Collins or Cullen Lewis( 12 January 1899 – 24 August 1954), was an American film director. He is associated particularly with the western genre.