winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which monument in Oberndorf bei Salzburg is dedicated to a Christmas carol that Franz Xaver Gruber is best known for composing? 

Leopold Kohr (5 October 1909 in Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria – 26 February 1994 in Gloucester, England) was an economist, jurist and political scientist known both for his opposition to the "cult of bigness" in social organization and as one of those who inspired the" small is beautiful" movement.  For almost twenty years, he was Professor of Economics and Public Administration at the University of Puerto Rico.  He described himself as a "philosophical anarchist."  His most influential work was "The Breakdown of Nations". <SEP>  It stands in place of the former St. Nicholas Church, where on 24 December 1818 the Christmas carol was performed for the first time. The Silent Night Chapel (Stille-Nacht-Kapelle) is located in the town Oberndorf bei Salzburg in the Austrian province of Salzburg and is a monument to the Christmas carol "Silent Night" and its librettist, Joseph Mohr and composer, Franz Xaver Gruber. <SEP> "Silent Night" (German: "Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht" ) is a popular Christmas carol, composed in 1818 by Franz Xaver Gruber to lyrics by Joseph Mohr in the small town of Oberndorf bei Salzburg, Austria.  It was declared an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO in 2011.  The song has been recorded by a large number of singers from every music genre.  The version sung by Bing Crosby is the third best-selling single of all-time. <SEP> Franz Xaver Gruber (25 November 1787 – 7 June 1863), was an Austrian primary school teacher, church organist and composer in the village of Arnsdorf, who is best known for composing the music to "Stille Nacht" ("Silent Night").
Question: What was the two-person Omnimover dark ride in Tomorrowland replaced by Delta Dreamflight?

Delta Dreamflight was an attraction located in Tomorrowland at the Magic Kingdom inside the Walt Disney World Resort, and was sponsored by Delta Air Lines.  Dreamflight replaced an attraction called If You Could Fly, which was originally the attraction, If You Had Wings, sponsored by Eastern Air Lines. <SEP> Droomvlucht ("Dreamflight" in English) is a dark ride in Efteling amusement park in the Netherlands.  It was designed by Ton van de Ven, built by Translift and opened in 1993. <SEP> If You Had Wings (June 5, 1972 – June 1, 1987) was an attraction at Walt Disney World.  The ride featured travel destinations throughout the Caribbean and elsewhere, all of which were, in keeping with the ride's sponsorship, serviced by Eastern.  The ride had an eponymous theme song by Buddy Baker.  It was a two-person Omnimover dark ride in Tomorrowland in the Magic Kingdom, sponsored by Eastern Air Lines. <SEP> Phantom Theater was an Omnimover dark ride located at Kings Island in Mason, Ohio.  Originally opened in 1972 as a dark boat ride called "Enchanted Voyage", the ride was later converted to an Omnimover system in 1992 by D. H. Morgan Manufacturing and renamed Phantom Theater.
Question: Between Project Grizzly and Takin' Place, which was filmed earlier?

Project Grizzly is a 1996 National Film Board of Canada documentary about the lifelong project of Troy Hurtubise, a man who has been obsessed with researching the Canadian grizzly bear up close, ever since surviving an early encounter with such a bear. <SEP> Takin' Place is a 2015 observational documentary film by Cyrus Dowlatshahi about daily life in the Englewood and Washington Park neighborhoods of Chicago's South side. <SEP> The Long Long Trail is a 1929 American sound film directed by Arthur Rosson and starring Hoot Gibson, in his first sound film.  It was produced and released by Universal Pictures.  The film survives and has been issued on dvd.  The novel was filmed earlier in the silent "The Ramblin' Kid" (1923) which also starred Gibson. <SEP> Peter Lynch is a Canadian filmmaker, the director and writer of "Project Grizzly" and "Cyberman".  "His characters, some real and some fictional, have been punk rockers, cyborgs, inventors, Northern adventurers and artistic dreamers.  Audiences worldwide have responded to his work both critically and popularly."
Question: The low cost airline known as Skymark Airlines is headquartered at what airport in Japan?

Tuzla International Airport (Bosnian: "Međunarodni aerodrom Tuzla/Међународни аеродром Тузла" ); (IATA: TZL, ICAO: LQTZ) is an airport near Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.  Tuzla International Airport is second largest airport in Bosnia and Herzegovina, right after Sarajevo International Airport.  The airport is known as a low cost airline hub of Bosnia and Herzegovina, since it's used by people from Bosnia, the diaspora and travelers from neighboring countries Croatia and Serbia.  The airport is a civilian airport and a military airbase. <SEP> Tokyo International Airport (東京国際空港 , Tōkyō Kokusai Kūkō ) , commonly known as Haneda Airport (羽田空港 , Haneda Kūkō ) or Tokyo Haneda Airport (IATA: HND, ICAO: RJTT) , is one of the two primary airports that serve the Greater Tokyo Area, and is the primary base of Japan's two major domestic airlines, Japan Airlines (Terminal 1) and All Nippon Airways (Terminal 2), as well as Air Do, Skymark Airlines, Solaseed Air, and StarFlyer.  It is located in Ōta, Tokyo, 14 km south of Tokyo Station. <SEP> Come Fly with Me is a British mockumentary television comedy series created by and starring Matt Lucas and David Walliams.  Narrated by Lindsay Duncan, the series launched on 25 December 2010 on BBC One and BBC One HD.  A spoof of British documentaries "Airport" and "Airline", the series follows the activity at a fictional airport and three fictional airlines: FlyLo (a low cost airline), Our Lady Air (an Irish low cost airline) and Great British Air (a major international British airline). <SEP>  In addition to its base at Haneda, Skymark is the dominant carrier at Kobe Airport and is the only domestic airline operating at Ibaraki Airport north of Tokyo. Skymark Airlines Inc. (スカイマーク株式会社 , Sukaimāku Kabushiki-gaisha ) is a low-cost airline headquartered at Haneda Airport in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan, operating scheduled passenger services within Japan.
Question: Who created the Peerage in which most of Hawthornthwaite Fell is located on?

Earl of Arundel is the oldest extant earldom and the oldest extant peerage in the Peerage of England.  It is currently held by the Duke of Norfolk, and is used (along with the Earldom of Surrey) by his heir apparent as a courtesy title.  It was created in 1138, for the Norman baron Sir William d'Aubigny.  Until the mid-13th century, the earls were also frequently known as Earl of Sussex, until this title fell into disuse.  At about the same time, the earldom fell to the originally Breton FitzAlan Family, a younger branch of which went on to become the Stuart Family, which later ruled Scotland. <SEP> Hawthornthwaite Fell is one of the larger hills in the Forest of Bowland in Lancashire, England, occupying a north-facing position on the south-western range, close to Bleasdale and Fair Snape Fell.  The only path to the summit comes over the hills from the south.  The summit is boggy and flanked to the north by steep heather slopes.  Grouse are farmed in the area and hen harriers can be seen frequently.  The trig point and the remains of its foundations are no longer upright, lying horizontally pointing westward.  Most of the hill is on the Duke of Westminster's land.  Hawthornthwaite Fell marks the extreme western limit of the West Riding of the Historic County of York. <SEP> The Peerage of Ireland consists of those titles of nobility created by the English monarchs in their capacity as Lord or King of Ireland, or later by monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.  The creation of such titles came to an end in the 19th century.  The ranks of the Irish peerage are Duke, Marquess, Earl, Viscount and Baron.  As of 2016, there were 135 titles in the Peerage of Ireland extant: two dukedoms, ten marquessates, 43 earldoms, 28 viscountcies, and 52 baronies.  The Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland continues to exercise jurisdiction over the Peerage of Ireland, including those peers whose titles derive from places located in what is now the Republic of Ireland.  However Article 40.2 of the Irish Constitution forbids the state conferring titles of nobility and a citizen may not accept titles of nobility or honour except with the prior approval of the Government. <SEP> Duke of Westminster is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.  The 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Dukes were each his grandsons.  The present holder of the title is Hugh Grosvenor, who inherited the dukedom on 9 August 2016 following the death of his father, Gerald.  It was created by Queen Victoria in 1874 and bestowed upon Hugh Grosvenor, 3rd Marquess of Westminster.  The present Duke is also a godfather of Prince George of Cambridge.
Question: What commercial television broadcast network features the show Designated Survivor starring Maggie Q?

Designated Survivor is an American political drama television series created by David Guggenheim, starring Kiefer Sutherland, airing on ABC.  The project skipped the pilot stage and was ordered straight to series on December 14, 2015, followed by a formal announcement on May 6, 2016.  The first episode premiered on September 21, 2016, with a full season order coming eight days later. <SEP> Harry Winkler was an American sitcom writer who wrote for such shows as "The Addams Family", "The George Gobel Show", and others.  He shared an Emmy award in 1955 for "The George Gobel Show" and was nominated the following year for the same show.  In that same year, 1956, one of his television scripts was featured in "The Prize Plays of Television and Radio 1956" published by Random House.  Mr. Winkler also wrote the ground breaking series "Julia" starring Dianne Carroll, the first commercial television series to star an African-American female in the lead role of a single, professional woman with a family to support.  He also wrote the original treatment "The Flagstones" for what ultimately became known as "The Flintstones".  Additional credits include having been the ghost writer for the internationally featured Blondie comic strip series for over 25 years, 1955 through 1980.  He also wrote for a wide variety of other comedy series ranging from Petticoat Junction, to the Brady Bunch, to the Odd Couple.  In 2014 he received a posthumous award from the Writers Guild of America for his work on the Odd Couple television series, that script having been designated one of the top 100 television screenplays during the first 75 years of commercial television.  He is also the author of three novels and a theatrical play, "Edges". <SEP>  She currently stars in the role of Agent Hannah Wells in the ABC political drama "Designated Survivor". Margaret Denise Quigley (born May 22, 1979), professionally known as Maggie Q, is an American actress and model.  She is known for starring in the action films "" and "Live Free or Die Hard" and played the title role of The CW's action-thriller series "Nikita", airing from 2010 to 2013.  In 2014, she portrayed Tori Wu in the film adaptation of Veronica Roth's novel "Divergent", a role she reprised in its sequels, "" and "". <SEP> Naked Weapon (赤裸特工) is a 2002 Hong Kong action-thriller film directed by action choreographer Tony Ching and starring Maggie Q, Anya Wu and Daniel Wu.
Question: When was the fort at which Lester W. Grau is the Research Coordinator for the Foreign Military Studies Office built ?

Fort Leavenworth is a United States Army installation located in Leavenworth County, Kansas, immediately north of the city of Leavenworth, in the upper northeast portion of the state.  Fort Leavenworth has been historically known as the "Intellectual Center of the Army."  Built in 1827, it is the oldest active United States Army post west of Washington, DC, and the oldest permanent settlement in Kansas. <SEP> México Indígena is a project of the American Geographical Society to organize teams of geographers to research the geography of indigenous populations in Mexico.  The project's stated objective is to map "changes in the cultural landscape and conservation of natural resources" that result from large scale land privatization initiatives underway in Mexico.  The project is led by Peter Herlihy at the University of Kansas and is funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through its Foreign Military Studies Office.  The project has been the subject of criticism by various groups including groups representing indigenous peoples.  Critics allege that the project was not forthcoming about its U.S. military funding, and that the project has various ulterior motives besides gathering information for research purposes.  The project began in 2005, and lasted through 2008. <SEP> The Foreign Military Studies Office, or FMSO, is a research and analysis center for the United States Army that is part of the United States Army Combined Arms Center at Fort Leavenworth.  It manages the Joint Reserve Intelligence Center there. <SEP>  He is a graduate of the U.S. Army Defense Language Institute (Russian) and the U.S. Army's Institute for Advanced Russian and Eastern European Studies.  He retired from the US Army in 1992 at the grade of Lieutenant colonel.  His military education included the Infantry Officers Basic and Advanced Courses, the United States Army Command and General Staff College and the U.S. Air Force War College.  His Baccalaureate and Masters degrees are in International Relations.  His doctorate is in Military History.  He served a combat tour in Vietnam, four European tours, a Korean tour and a posting in Moscow.  He has traveled to the Soviet Union and Russia over forty times.  He has also been a frequent visitor to the Asian subcontinent, especially Pakistan and Afghanistan. Lester W. Grau is the Research Coordinator for the Foreign Military Studies Office at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.  He visited Iraq in October 2003.  He is a recent CENTCOM Fellow.
Question: Mate Pavić and Andrea Jaeger are both what?

 Jaeger reached the singles final of Wimbledon in 1983 and the French Open in 1982.  She reached the singles semifinals of the Australian Open in 1982 and of the U.S. Open in 1980 and 1982. Andrea Jaeger ( ; born June 4, 1965) is a former World No. 2 professional tennis player from the United States whose brief but highly successful tennis career ended prematurely due to major shoulder injuries.  She also won 10 singles titles.  In mixed doubles, Jaeger won the French Open with Jimmy Arias in 1981.  During her career, Jaeger won U.S. $1.4 million in prize money and millions more in endorsements.  After retirement in 1987, she has prominently dedicated her life to public service, charities, and philanthropy.  In 2006, she became "Sister Andrea" as a member of the Anglican Order of Preachers.  She is a member of the Episcopal Church and based in Santa Rosa Beach, Florida, U.S. <SEP> Mate Pavić (born 4 July 1993) is a Croatian professional tennis player specialising in doubles.  Mate won the 2016 US Open mixed doubles title in partnership with Laura Siegemund, and reached the 2017 Wimbledon Championships men's doubles finals partnering Oliver Marach. <SEP> Marin Draganja and Mate Pavić won the inaugural tournament, beating Aljaž Bedene and Blaž Rola 6–3, 1–6, [10–5]. <SEP> Mate Pavić and Michael Venus were the defending champions, but decided not to defend their title.
Question: Was Troilus and Cressida and Oberon written by the same person?

 The libretto was by Christopher Hassall, his own first opera libretto, based on Geoffrey Chaucer's poem "Troilus and Criseyde".  Walton dedicated the score to his wife, Susana. Troilus and Cressida is the first of the two operas by William Walton. <SEP> Troilus and Cressida ( ) is a tragedy by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written in 1602.  It was described by Frederick S. Boas as one of Shakespeare's problem plays.  The play ends on a very bleak note with the death of the noble Trojan Hector and destruction of the love between Troilus and Cressida.  The work has in recent years "stimulated exceptionally lively critical debate".  Throughout the play, the tone lurches wildly between bawdy comedy and tragic gloom, and readers and theatre-goers have frequently found it difficult to understand how one is meant to respond to the characters.  However, several characteristic elements of the play (the most notable being its constant questioning of intrinsic values such as hierarchy, honour and love) have often been viewed as distinctly "modern," as in the following remarks on the play by author and literary scholar Joyce Carol Oates: <SEP> Oberon, or The Elf King's Oath is a 3-act romantic opera in English with spoken dialogue and music by Carl Maria von Weber.  The libretto by James Robinson Planche was based on a German poem, "Oberon", by Christoph Martin Wieland, which itself was based on the epic romance "Huon de Bordeaux", a French medieval tale. <SEP> The Testament of Cresseid is a narrative poem of 616 lines in Middle Scots, written by the 15th-century Scottish makar Robert Henryson.  It is his best known poem.  It imagines a tragic fate for Cressida in the medieval story of "Troilus and Criseyde" which was left untold in Geoffrey Chaucer's version.  Henryson's cogent psychological drama, in which he consciously resists and confronts the routine depiction of Cressida (Cresseid) as simply 'false', is one of the features that has given the poem enduring interest for modern readers and it is one of the most admired works of northern renaissance literature.  A modern English translation by Seamus Heaney, which also included seven of Henryson's fables from "The Morall Fabillis", was published in 2009.
Question: Infectious Music is a record label whose bands have included The Subways, an English rock band from Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, whose debut album is titled what?

 Infectious Music was established in 1993 as Infectious Records by Korda Marshall after leaving RCA Records, where he was the A&R manager.  Infectious Records became part of Marshall's Mushroom Records UK (now A&E Records) operation in the mid-1990s. Infectious Music is a record label whose bands have included Alt-J, Ash, Symposium, My Vitriol, Seafood, The Paradise Motel and The Subways.  Korda was also responsible for signing Muse, Paul Oakenfold and Perfecto Records to his Mushroom imprint. <SEP> Cloud Control is an Australian alternative rock band, originating from the Blue Mountains near Sydney, Australia.  s of 2013 the band is signed to the Australian record label Ivy League Records, in which they released their debut album "Bliss Release".  They are also signed to Infectious Music in the UK/Europe; and Votiv in North America. <SEP>  Their debut album, "Young for Eternity", was released on 4 July 2005 in the UK and 14 February 2006 in the U.S. The Subways are an English rock band from Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire.  Their second album, "All or Nothing", was released on 30 June 2008 and their third album "Money and Celebrity" debuted on 19 September 2011. <SEP> Adam Freeland (born 7 August 1973) is an English record producer and DJ.  He is also the owner and creative director of the record label Marine Parade, which has released material by artists including Evil Nine, ILS, Alex Metric and Jape.  Born in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, he first began DJing in 1991, originally mixing deep house and later drum and bass.  After becoming an in-demand DJ around Britain, he released his first mix album "Coastal Breaks" (1996) and formed the electronic music duo Tsunami One with Kevin Beber.  From 1999 to 2001 Adam hosted a show on Friday night on London's Kiss 100 FM.  In 2000, he released his debut studio album, "Now & Them".
Question: What type of media does Kung Phooey and Rumble in the Bronx have in common?

In DVD authoring, a write strategy is a set of low-level parameters that enables an optical disc drive to write on a specific type of blank media according to its optimum specifications.  The media type is identified by the manufacturer and media ID, which is often unrelated to the brand of the media due to rebadging.  Write strategies are essential for compatibility with various types of blank media, and are typically stored in the drive's firmware.  If a drive lacks a write strategy for a media type, it will only be able to write using minimum speed.  Drive manufacturers typically include new or improved write strategies as part of a firmware upgrade, in order to extend or improve compatibility with blank media.  In cases where official support for a drive has been discontinued or is deemed unsatisfactory, users have come up with ways to patch the write strategies by modding the drive's firmware. <SEP> Uterine cancer or womb cancer is any type of cancer that emerges from the tissue of the uterus.  It can refer to several types of cancer, with cervical cancer (arising from the lower portion of the uterus) being the most common type worldwide and the second most common cancer in women in developing countries.  Endometrial cancer (or cancer of the inner lining of the uterus) is the second most common type, and fourth most common cancer in women from developed countries.  Risk factors depend on specific type, but obesity, older age, and human papillomavirus infection add the greatest risk of developing uterine cancer.  Early on, there may be no symptoms, but irregular vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain or fullness may develop.  If caught early, most types of uterine cancer can be cured using surgical or medical methods.  When the cancer has extended beyond the uterine tissue, more advanced treatments including combinations of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery may be required. <SEP>  Released in Hong Kong in 1995, "Rumble in the Bronx" had a successful theater run, and brought Chan into the American mainstream.  The film is set in the Bronx area of New York City but was filmed in and around Vancouver, Canada. Rumble in the Bronx is a 1995 Hong Kong martial arts action comedy film starring Jackie Chan and Anita Mui. <SEP>  In addition he also co-stars in the movie with Michael Chow and Colman Domingo. Kung Phooey is an independent film, directed and produced by Darryl Fong.  The movie is about a monk who tries to find a mysterious lost "Fountain of Youth" (a magic peach).  He travels to British Columbia (actually filmed in San Francisco, poking fun at movies like "Rumble in the Bronx" that disguise BC locations to look like US cities), and, with a new band of friends, tries to retrieve the stolen artifact.  The parody comes into play here with many jokes making fun of old Kung fu movies, for instance joking about how all the bad guys make "Hi-yah! " sounds.
Question: What city in Broward County, Florida held the 1976 Tournament Players Championship?

 This was the third Tournament Players Championship; Jack Nicklaus won his second title, three strokes ahead of runner-up J. C. Snead, similar to his 1974 win. The 1976 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held February 26 to March 1 at Inverrary Country Club in Lauderhill, northwest of Fort Lauderdale. <SEP>  As of the 2010 United States Census, the city's population was 66,887.  It is a principal city of the Miami metropolitan area, which was home to an estimated 6,012,331 people at the 2015 census.  Its sister city is Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago. Lauderhill, officially the City of Lauderhill, is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. <SEP> The 1985 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 28–31 at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville.  It was the twelfth Tournament Players Championship. <SEP> The 1983 Tournament Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour, held March 24–28 at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach, southeast of Jacksonville.  It was the tenth Tournament Players Championship.
Question: Where are the majority of members of the conference that the Hilltoppers are in from?

The St. Edward's Hilltoppers are the athletic teams that represent St. Edward's University, located in Austin, Texas, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sporting competitions.  St. Edward's has been a member of the Heartland since 1999.  The Hilltoppers compete as members of the Heartland Conference for all 13 varsity sports. <SEP> The 2011 WKU Hilltoppers football team represented Western Kentucky University (WKU) in the 2011 NCAA Division I FBS football season.  The Hilltoppers were led by 2nd year head coach Willie Taggart and played their home games at Houchens Industries–L. T. Smith Stadium.  They are members of the Sun Belt Conference.  The Hilltoppers finished with a record of 7–5, 7–1 in Sun Belt play to finish in second place.  The 7 wins and second place conference finish are the Hilltoppers best results since joining the FBS.  Despite being bowl eligible, the Hilltoppers were not invited to a bowl. <SEP> The Heartland Conference is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA)'s Division II level, which was founded in 1999.  The conference office is located in Waco, Texas.  The majority of members are in Texas, with additional members in Arkansas, Kansas, and Oklahoma. <SEP> The Battle of the Bluegrass is the name of the rivalry between the Eastern Kentucky Colonels and the Western Kentucky Hilltoppers.  Both schools were formerly members of the Ohio Valley Conference, and played against each other regularly until Western Kentucky's transition from the NCAA's FCS to FBS in 2008.  The two teams have met 84 times on the football field, with Western Kentucky currently holding a 47–35–3 edge in the all-time series.  The series resumed again in 2017, when Western Kentucky hosted Eastern Kentucky in a game played at Houchens Industries–L. T. Smith Stadium.
Question: When did the team that John Nyskohus played for 45 times leave the Oceania Football Confederation?

John Nyskohus (born 15 October 1951) is an Australian former soccer player who played club football for USC Lion in the South Australian State League and Adelaide City in the National Soccer League.  He also played 45 times for Australia, including 25 in full international matches. <SEP>  Officially nicknamed the Socceroos, the team is controlled by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Federation Australia (FFA), which is currently a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) since leaving the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) in 2006. The Australian national soccer team represents Australia in international men's soccer. <SEP> The 2008 OFC Nations Cup was the eighth edition of the OFC Nations Cup, and the first under a new format that was introduced.  It took place as a series of as a home-and-away round-robin tournament on FIFA match dates in 2007 and 2008.  Doubling as the qualification tournament for the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the tournament was substantially different from earlier editions: 2004 champions Australia did not compete after leaving the Oceania Football Confederation for the Asian Football Confederation, and for the first time since the 1996 OFC Nations Cup, no fixed venue was used.  Unlike the 2004 OFC Nations Cup, which had featured ten teams from the Oceania Football Confederation, the 2008 tournament had just four teams. <SEP> The 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification for the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) selected New Zealand to compete in a two-legged home-and-away playoff against Bahrain, the fifth-place team from the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) for a spot in the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa.  (Oceania is the only confederation that does not have an automatic place in the finals.)  Its final round was the 2008 OFC Nations Cup.  Consequently, New Zealand is also considered the OFC Nations Cup champion, and represented the OFC in the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup.
Question: In what year was the chess master, whose ideas of approach to the centre were challenged by Hypermodernism, born?

Randy Bauer (born 1958) is a chess master and a member of the Executive Board of the United States Chess Federation.  Randy grew up in Minnesota, where he was a successful scholastic player, tying for first or winning outright two state junior high school and senior high school championships.  He was also the state junior champion.  He earned his national master title in 1988 and was Iowa State Champion in 1991.  Besides his chess playing career, Randy has also been active as a writer.  He has written hundreds of book reviews and articles which have appeared on numerous chess websites as well as in publications, including Chess Horizons and Chess Life magazine.  In the past, he has been honored by the Chess Journalists of America with an award for 'Best Instructional Article' of the year, for an instructional game that appeared in Chess Horizons magazine. <SEP> The Chess Master, or 棋王 (qíwáng), is a 1984 novel by Chinese writer Ah Cheng, writing under his pseudonym A Cheng.  This short novel features characters who were part of the Down to the Countryside Movement after the Cultural Revolution.  Written from the point of view of an unnamed narrator, readers learn more and more about the titular character, the chess master Wang Yisheng, and what drives him to play Chinese chess. <SEP> Hypermodernism is a school of chess that emerged after World War I.  It featured challenges to the chess ideas of central European masters, including Wilhelm Steinitz's approach to the centre and the rules established by Siegbert Tarrasch.  The Hypermoderns demonstrated their new ideas with games and victories.  Aron Nimzowitsch showed that games could be won through indirect control of the center, breaking with Tarrasch's view that the center must be occupied by pawns.  Nimzowitsch advocated controlling the center of the board with distant pieces rather than with pawns, thus inviting the opponent to occupy the center with pawns, which can then become targets of attack.  This was part of the hypermodern framework, which Nimzowitsch encapsulated in his seminal book "My System", which greatly influenced many chess players.  It introduced and formalized concepts of the pawn chain, overprotection, undermining, prophylaxis, restraint, rook on the seventh rank, knight outposts, the dynamics of the isolated queen's pawn, and other areas of chess. <SEP> Wilhelm (later William) Steinitz (May 17, 1836 – August 12, 1900) was an Austrian and later American chess master, and the first undisputed world chess champion, from 1886 to 1894.  He was also a highly influential writer and chess theoretician.
Question: What is the name of the fourth album by the Icelandic band whose name is the Icelandic word for crepuscular ray?

Breiðamerkursandur is a "sandur" (e: glacial outwash plain) in southeast Iceland.  Sandur is the Icelandic word for sand and the whole area is mostly sand, although some vegetation is beginning to grow in the area.  The name of the sandur, Breiðamerkursandur, however means "broad forest sand", which suggests that the area may have been heavily vegetated in the early centuries of the Icelandic settlement. <SEP>  It was released on October 14, 2011 through Season of Mist. Svartir sandar is the fourth album by the Icelandic band Sólstafir.  A music video for the song Fjara was made in July 2011 and released in January 2012. <SEP>  The band's name is the Icelandic word for crepuscular rays. Sólstafir is an Icelandic Post-Metal/Rock band, formed in 1995. <SEP> Mr. Silla & Mongoose is an Icelandic band consisting of fellow students Sigurlaug Gísladóttir and Magnús B. Skarphéðinsson.  The two met while studying visual arts at Iceland Academy of the Arts but did not form a band until after they had collaborated on their respective solo sets during Iceland Airwaves 2005 (2005) at a café by the name of Kaffi Hljómalind (also referenced in fellow Icelandic band Sigur Rós song named Hljómalind).
Question: Mandalay Resort Group (formerly Circus Circus Enterprises) was a hotel-casino operator based in Paradise, Nevada, one of its major properties included which hotel, 123928 sqft casino, and RV park located on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada?

Las Vegas Festival Grounds (formerly MGM Resorts Festival Grounds) is a 33 acre open-air venue located on the Las Vegas Strip, north of the MGM-owned Circus Circus Hotel and Casino in Winchester, Nevada. <SEP> Mandalay Resort Group (formerly Circus Circus Enterprises) was a hotel-casino operator based in Paradise, Nevada.  In terms of market capitalization, it was one of the largest casino operators in the world.  Its stock traded on the New York Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol "CIR" and "MBG".  Its major properties included Mandalay Bay, Luxor, Excalibur and Circus Circus, as well as half of the Monte Carlo. <SEP>  It is owned and operated by MGM Resorts International. Circus Circus Las Vegas is a hotel, 123928 sqft casino, and RV park located on the Las Vegas Strip in Winchester, Nevada.  Circus Circus features circus acts and carnival type games daily on the Midway. <SEP> Corey Sanders has served as Chief Operating Officer of MGM Resorts International since June 2010.  He oversees operations at the Company’s wholly owned properties, which in Nevada include Bellagio (resort), MGM Grand Las Vegas, Mandalay Bay, The Mirage, New York-New York Hotel and Casino, Monte Carlo Resort and Casino, Luxor Las Vegas, Excalibur Hotel and Casino, Circus Circus Las Vegas, Circus Circus Reno, Gold Strike Jean and Railroad Pass Casino.  He also oversees Beau Rivage (Mississippi) in Biloxi and Gold Strike Tunica, both in Mississippi, as well as MGM Grand Detroit.
Question: Speleonaut, is the submersible used by the cave diver Jochen Hasenmayer, after the 1989 decompression accident that left his legs paralyzed, Hasenmayer designed the "Speleonaut" with his friend Konrad Gehringer in order to continue exploring the Blauhöhle cave system, which begins at the base of which spring that serves as the source of the river Blau in the karst landscape on the Swabian Jura's southern edge, in Southern Germany?

The Blauhöhle is the largest cave system in the Swabian Alps in southern Germany.  The Blauhöhle presumably originated in a time when the Danube still flowed through the Blau valley.  Since the shifting of the Danube, several small rivers, the Schmiech, the Ach, and the Blau, have flowed through this valley.  The cave system begins about 21 meters under water at the base of the Blautopf.  It continues west and northwest, rising and falling several times until after a horizontal distance of about 1200 m it comes above the level of ground water and opens into the second big air-filled chamber.  The maximum depth of the cave under water is 42 m . <SEP> Speleonaut (named from the Greek words for "cave" and "sailor") is the submersible used by the cave diver Jochen Hasenmayer.  The "Speleonaut" is 72 cm wide and has nine engines, making it easy to maneuver in all directions.  After the 1989 decompression accident that left his legs paralyzed, Hasenmayer designed the "Speleonaut" with his friend Konrad Gehringer in order to continue exploring the Blauhöhle cave system, which begins at the base of the Blautopf spring in the Swabian Jura mountain range.  It is the first submarine designed specifically for the exploration of caves.  According to Hasenmayer, the "Speleonaut" has been tested in Lake Constance to a depth of 105 m and has a design limit of 180 m . <SEP> The Blautopf (German for "Blue Pot"; "blau" means "blue", "Topf" means "pot") is a spring that serves as the source of the river Blau in the karst landscape on the Swabian Jura's southern edge, in Southern Germany. <SEP> The Blau (] ) is a 15 km long river in Baden-Württemberg, southern Germany, and a left tributary of the Danube.  The source of the Blau is the karst spring of "Blautopf", in the town Blaubeuren, in the Swabian Jura.  It flows east through Blaustein to the city of Ulm, where it empties into the Danube.
Question: Which host of American Top 40 referred to Jon Peter Lewis as JPL?

America's Top 10 (commonly abbreviated to AT10) was a television program of music hits based on the "Billboard" Hot 100, with the exception of the last season in 1992 which used the Radio and Records chart.  It aired in syndication by Gold Key Media from 1980–1982 and by All American Television from 1982-1992.  The show was hosted by Casey Kasem, the host of "American Top 40" and "Casey's Top 40", until 1991.  After that point, the show was hosted by Siedah Garrett and then Tommy Puett; Kasem later returned as host until he closed down the show in 1992 to focus on launching "Casey's Countdown," an adult contemporary music spinoff of "Casey's Top 40".  From around 1987 onwards, the show was also transmitted by various regions of ITV in the United Kingdom, where it was often broadcast as part of the network's then-new overnight service. <SEP> Jon Peter Lewis (born November 7, 1979, Lincoln, Nebraska) is an American singer and songwriter, and was one of the finalists on the third season of the reality/talent-search television series "American Idol".  He was frequently referred to by the judges and Ryan Seacrest as JPL. <SEP> Ryan John Seacrest (born December 24, 1974) is an American radio personality, television host, and producer.  Seacrest is known for hosting the competition show "American Idol", the syndicated countdown program "American Top 40", and the KIIS-FM morning radio show "On Air with Ryan Seacrest".  He began co-hosting "Live with Kelly and Ryan" on a permanent basis May 1, 2017. <SEP> American Top 20 was the name given to two weekly spinoffs of the music countdown program "American Top 40".  They were both hosted by Casey Kasem for Premiere Networks (originally AMFM Radio Networks) and premiered on the weekend of March 28, 1998, the same weekend Kasem returned to host "American Top 40".
Question: What facility in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon does Otfried Cheong work at?

 He is known as one of the authors of the widely used computational geometry textbook "Computational Geometry: Algorithms and Applications" and as the developer of Ipe, a vector graphics editor. Otfried Cheong (formerly Otfried Schwarzkopf) is a German computational geometer working in South Korea at KAIST. <SEP> Daedeok Innopolis, formerly known as Daedeok Science Town, is the research and development district in the Yuseong-gu district in Daejeon, South Korea.  Daedeok Innopolis grew out of the research cluster established by President Park Chunghee in 1973 with the opening of the KAIST.  Over 20 major research institutes and over 40 corporate research centers make up this science cluster.  Over the last few years, a number of IT venture companies have sprung up in this region, which has a high concentration of Ph.Ds in the applied sciences.  There are 232 research and educational institutions to be found in Daejeon, many in the Daedeok region, among them the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute and the Korea Aerospace Research Institute.  The "town" will provide a core for the International Science and Business Belt. <SEP> KAIST (formally the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) is a public research university located in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, South Korea.  KAIST was established by the Korean government, with the help of American policymakers, in 1971 as the nation's first research-oriented science and engineering institution.  KAIST also has been internationally accredited in business education.  KAIST has approximately 10,200 full-time students and 1,140 faculty researchers and had a total budget of US$765 million in 2013, of which US$459 million was from research contracts.  From 1980 to 2008, the institute was known as the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology.  In 2008, the name was shortened to "KAIST". <SEP> Hong Cheong (also Hung Chiong and Hung Chong) was a Chinese photographer who operated a photographic studio in Yokohama, Japan between 1875 and 1885.  In addition to his photographic work he was an artist, chart copier, portrait painter, and dealer in picture frames.  Cheong left Japan in 1885 and opened a studio in Hong Kong.  His photographic works included large format hand-coloured albumen prints.  It is possible that Hong Cheong was related to Tong Cheong, the Chinese operator of another photographic studio in Yokohama known from an advertisement of 1884.
Question: What is the birthday of the Las Vegas mayor who presided over the grand opening of SkyJump Las Vegas?

The Las Vegas metropolitan area is home to many sports, most of which take place in the unincorporated communities around Las Vegas rather than in the city itself.  The Las Vegas Valley has one major league professional team: the Vegas Golden Knights of the National Hockey League (NHL) who began play in 2017 as the region's first major pro team.  The Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL) will begin play in Las Vegas as the "Las Vegas Raiders" by 2020 and become the region's second major professional team.  Las Vegas is also home to one minor league sports team: the Las Vegas 51s of the Triple-A Pacific Coast League (Minor League Baseball).  The 51s are currently the only team to actually play in the city of Las Vegas, playing at the city owned Cashman Field.  They will be joined in 2018 by the Las Vegas Lights FC of the United Soccer League, one of two leagues that collectively make up the second level of the U.S. men's soccer league system. <SEP> Las Vegas Uncork'd (also referred to as Vegas Uncork'd and Vegas Uncorked) is an annual culinary and wine event in Las Vegas, Nevada.  The concept was developed by the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority, their advertising agency R&R Partners and Las Vegas resort partners who originally considered a number of magazine partners such as Bon Appetit, Food & Wine and Gourmet.  Bon Appetit was selected as the magazine partner after a review with each magazine.  The event was launched in 2007 by the Las Vegas Convention and Visitors Authority, "Bon Appétit" magazine led by Editor-in-Chief Barbara Fairchild and co-creator and Executive Director Rob O'Keefe who led the first five years of development of what Eater.com called "the world's most innovative culinary event".  Las Vegas resort partners over the years include Bellagio, Caesars Palace and Wynn Las Vegas, MGM Grand, Mandalay Bay, The Venetian, Las Vegas and The Palazzo and each year the event features more than 80 celebrated chefs and over 25 events occurring over a spectacular four-day weekend. <SEP> SkyJump Las Vegas holds the Guinness World Record for highest commercial decelerator descent with an official height of 829 ft and is located at Stratosphere Las Vegas.  As part of its grand opening event, Las Vegas Mayor Oscar Goodman presented a written proclamation deeming April 20, 2010 as SkyJump Day in Las Vegas. <SEP> Oscar Baylin Goodman (born July 26, 1939) is an American attorney and politician.  He was the mayor of Las Vegas, Nevada from 1999 to 2011.  Goodman is an Independent and a former member of the Democratic Party.
Question: What country are both Xi'an District, Liaoyuan and Xinzhou located in?

Xinzhou () is a prefecture-level city occupying the north-central section of Shanxi province, People's Republic of China. <SEP> Shangrao Railway Station is a railway station located in Xinzhou District, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China. <SEP> Gaocheng () is a township of Xinfu District, Xinzhou, Shanxi province, China, located 18 km north of downtown Xinzhou.  , it has 9 villages under its administration.  G55 Erenhot–Guangzhou Expressway and China National Highway 208 pass just to the west of the township. <SEP>  It is under the administration of Liaoyuan city. Xi'an District () is a district of Jilin, China.
Question: When did the singer who originally recorded "Twisting the Night Away" pass away?

The Roll on the Red Tour was a concert tour by American rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers.  The tour followed the band's hugely successful "By the Way tour".  During this tour the band recorded their first live album, Live in Hyde Park.  Near the tour's end, the dates mainly consisted of benefit and tribute shows including the Bridge School Benefit and a tribute show to longtime friend, Johnny Ramone.  The band's performance was released two years later on DVD as "Too Tough to Die: A Tribute to Johnny Ramone".  Ramone, who was too sick to attend the tribute (although show host, Rob Zombie called him during the event), would pass away a three days after the tribute show.  John Frusciante was among many famous friends and family to attend his funeral and memorial celebration.  On March 17, 2015, the band released "" a free MP3 download of the entire show through their website. <SEP>  The track "You Wear It Well", co-written by Stewart and classical guitarist Martin Quittenton, was a smash hit (another UK No. 1; in US No. 13), as well as "Twisting the Night Away", a song originally recorded (and written) by Sam Cooke. Never a Dull Moment is the fourth solo album by rock musician Rod Stewart.  It was released in the summer of 1972; that year it became a UK number-one album (for two weeks) and reached number two on the US Album chart. <SEP> "Twistin' the Night Away" is a song written and recorded by Sam Cooke.  It was released as a single in 1962 and became very popular, charting in the top ten of both the "Billboard" Hot 100 (#9) and Billboard's R&B chart (#1).  "Twistin' the Night Away" was successful overseas as well, peaking at #6 on the UK Singles Chart. <SEP> Samuel Dale "Sam" Cook (January 22, 1931 – December 11, 1964), was an American singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur.
Question: Which court case reached a higher court, Cohen v. California or Goodridge v. Department of Public Health?

Gonzales v. Carhart, 550 U.S. 124 (2007), is a United States Supreme Court case that upheld the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003.  The case reached the high court after U.S. Attorney General Alberto Gonzales appealed a ruling of the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in favor of LeRoy Carhart that struck down the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act.  Also before the Supreme Court was the consolidated appeal of Gonzales v. Planned Parenthood from the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, which had struck down the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act. <SEP>  The Court overturned a man's conviction for the crime of disturbing the peace for wearing a jacket in the public corridors of a courthouse that displayed the phrase, "Fuck the Draft". Cohen v. California, 403 U.S. 15 (1971), was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with freedom of speech. <SEP> Kerrigan v. Commissioner of Public Health, 289 Conn. 135, 957 A.2d 407, is a 2008 decision by the Connecticut Supreme Court holding that allowing same-sex couples to form same-sex unions but not marriages violates the Connecticut Constitution.  It was the third time that a ruling by the highest court of a U.S. state legalized same-sex marriage, following Massachusetts in "Goodridge v. Department of Public Health" (2003) and California in "In re Marriage Cases" (2008).  This case legalized same-sex marriage in Connecticut. <SEP>  The November 18, 2003, decision was the first by a U.S. state's highest court to find that same-sex couples had the right to marry.  Despite numerous attempts to delay the ruling, and to reverse it, the first marriage licenses were issued to same-sex couples on May 17, 2004, and the ruling has been in full effect since that date. Goodridge v. Dept. of Public Health, 798 N.E.2d 941 (Mass. 2003), is a landmark state appellate court case dealing with same-sex marriage in Massachusetts.