winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Strut-Harald was a king who ruled over what North Germanic tribe of southern Scandinavia?

 Norse sagas identify him as the son of Gorm the Old, His Sister being Astrid Wiffen who was married to the Earl Philippus Sigefrid Wiffen of Scania, Strut-Harald was also a half-brother of Harald Bluetooth. Strut-Harald ("Cone Harald" from his cone-shaped helmet of gold) was a semi-legendary jarl or petty king who ruled over the Danish territory of Scania (in what is now southern Sweden) during the late 10th century CE (approximately 975-986). <SEP>  They founded what became the Kingdom of Denmark.  The name of their realm is believed to mean "Danish March", viz.  "the march of the Danes" in Old Low German, referring to their southern border zone between the Eider and Schlei rivers. The Danes were a North Germanic tribe inhabiting southern Scandinavia, including the area now comprising Denmark proper, during the Nordic Iron Age and the Viking Age. <SEP> The Marsi (German: "Marser" ) were a small Germanic tribe settled between the Rhine, Ruhr and Lippe rivers in northwest Germany.  It has been suggested that they were a part of the Sugambri who managed to stay east of the Rhine after most Sugambri had been moved from this area.  Strabo describes the Marsi as an example of a Germanic tribe who were originally from the Rhine area, now the war-torn Roman frontier, but had migrated deep into Germania. <SEP> Northwest Germanic is a proposed grouping of the Germanic languages, representing the current consensus among Germanic historical linguists.  It does not challenge the late 19th-century tri-partite division of the Germanic dialects into North Germanic, West Germanic and East Germanic, but proposes additionally that North and West Germanic (i.e. all surviving Germanic languages today) remained as a subgroup after the southward migration of the East Germanic tribes, only splitting into North and West Germanic later.  Whether this subgroup constituted a unified proto-language, or simply represents a group of dialects that remained in contact and close geographical proximity, is a matter of debate.  The date by which such a grouping must have dissolved—in that innovations ceased to be shared—is also contentious, though it seems unlikely to have persisted after 500 AD, by which time the Anglo-Saxons had migrated to England and the Elbe Germanic tribes had settled in Southern Germany.
Question: What river separates the bourough where Edgar Wood designed his home?

The Robert and Esther Armstrong House, also known as Pleasant Hill, is a historic building located in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, United States.  This is the last of two documented houses that regionalist artist Grant Wood designed in its entirety in the city.  There are 14 documented houses that he designed, at least in part, between 1925 and 1933.  He took on the work to help support himself and his mother.  Like his artwork, his house designs evolved from more classical styles to the more simpler lines of vernacular forms.  In addition, he used local materials to construct the house, including the exterior limestone quarried at Stone City for this house.  In addition, Esther Armstrong, local builder Bruce McKay and Wood scoured the countryside looking for design ideas.  They settled on two Pennsylvania-style fieldstone structures, from which Wood designed this home.  He also served as interior decorator as well.  The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989. <SEP>  It was designed by architect Edgar Wood as his own home and was built between 1914 and 1916. Royd House is a Grade I listed building in Hale, Greater Manchester.  The building is regarded as one of the most advanced examples of early twentieth century domestic architecture.  It is one of six Grade I listed buildings in Trafford. <SEP> Waddy Butler Wood (1869 - January 25, 1944) was a prominent American architect of the early 20th century and resident of Washington, D.C. Although Wood designed and remodeled numerous private residences, his reputation rested primarily on his larger commissions, such as banks, commercial offices, and government buildings.  His most famous works include the Woodrow Wilson House and the Main Interior Building. <SEP> Trafford is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England.  With an estimated population of about 233,300 in 2015, it covers 41 sqmi and includes the towns of Altrincham, Partington, Sale, Stretford and Urmston.  The borough was formed on 1 April 1974 by the Local Government Act 1972 as a merger of the municipal boroughs of Altrincham, Sale, and Stretford, the urban districts of Bowdon, Hale and Urmston and part of Bucklow Rural District.  All were previously in Cheshire, apart from Stretford and Urmston which were in Lancashire.  The River Mersey flows through the borough, separating North Trafford from South Trafford.  Historically the Mersey also acted as the boundary between the historic counties of Lancashire and Cheshire.
Question: What is the birth date of an African-American porn actress who has appeared in over 200 adult films?

Thomas Day Singleton (Birth date unknown – November 25, 1833) was a United States Representative from South Carolina.  He was born near Kingstree, South Carolina but his birth date is unknown. <SEP> Jeannie Pepper (born July 9, 1958 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American pornographic actress.  She began in the business in 1982 at age 24 and has appeared in over 200 adult films.  She was still an active actress as recently as 2007, participating in the mature adult genre. <SEP> Rachel Ryan (born Serina Robinson August 22, 1961) is an American porn actress.  who appeared in over 200 adult videos between 1985 and 1998.  She had many pseudonyms, including Penny Morgan and Penny Moore. <SEP> Angel Kelly is a retired pornographic actress.  She is a member of the AVN Hall of Fame.  With Jeannie Pepper and Heather Hunter, Kelly was among the first African-American women to "cross over" into mainstream porn video.
Question: Both Warren Island State Park and Licolnville, Maine are located in what country?

Rock Island State Park is a state park in Warren County and White County, Tennessee, located in the Southeastern United States.  The park is named after the community of Rock Island, Tennessee, which in turn received its name from an island on the Caney Fork upstream from the Collins River confluence and Great Falls Dam.  Rock Island State Park is centered on a peninsula created by the confluence of these two rivers and extends downstream to the headwaters of Center Hill Lake. <SEP> Warren Island State Park is state-owned island and public recreation area on Penobscot Bay in the town of Islesboro, Waldo County, Maine.  The 70 acre state park sits about ½-mile from Islesboro Island and 3 mi offshore from the mainland at Lincolnville.  The island was acquired by the state of Maine for one dollar in 1959.  Hiking trails, campsites, and open-faced shelters are found on the island; a pier allows access by private boat. <SEP> Islesboro is a town in Waldo County, Maine, United States.  The population was 566 at the 2010 census.  It has a summer colony accessible by ferry from Lincolnville Beach 3 miles to the west, or by air taxi service.  Home to Warren Island State Park, Islesboro includes the villages of Dark Harbor, Pripet and North Islesboro otherwise known as Guinea. <SEP>  The population was 2,164 at the 2010 census. Lincolnville is a town in Waldo County, Maine, United States.  Lincolnville is the mainland terminal for state ferry service to Islesboro.
Question: Which name describes a larger grouping of plants, Xanthorhiza or Melicytus?

Adenocarcinoma ( ; plural adenocarcinomas or adenocarcinomata ) is a type of cancerous tumor that can occur in several parts of the body.  It is defined as neoplasia of epithelial tissue that has glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both.  Adenocarcinomas are part of the larger grouping of carcinomas, but are also sometimes called by more precise terms omitting the word, where these exist.  Thus invasive ductal carcinoma, the most common form of breast cancer, is adenocarcinoma but does not use the term in its name—however, esophageal adenocarcinoma does to distinguish it from the other common type of esophageal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.  Several of the most common forms of cancer are adenocarcinomas, and the various sorts of adenocarcinoma vary greatly in all their aspects, so that few useful generalizations can be made about them. <SEP> Melicytus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae.  "Hymenanthera" is a synonym. <SEP> The Eurasian scops owl ("Otus scops"), also known as the European scops owl or just scops owl, is a small owl.  This species is a part of the larger grouping of owls known as typical owls, Strigidae, which contains most species of owl.  The other grouping is the barn owls, Tytonidae.  The scientific name is from the Latin "otus" for an eared owl and Ancient Greek "skopos", "watcher". <SEP>  It is native to the eastern United States from Maine south to northern Florida and west to Ohio and eastern Texas. Xanthorhiza simplicissima (yellowroot) is the only member of the genus Xanthorhiza, and one of very few genera in the family Ranunculaceae with a woody stem (the other notable example being "Clematis").  It contains the alkaloid berberine, which has a number of traditional and contemporary uses for dyeing and medicine.
Question: By what name was the writer of the science fiction novella "Binti" previously known?

Baby Is Three is a science fiction novella by Theodore Sturgeon, first published in the October 1952 issue of Galaxy magazine.  It was later crafted into a full novel, "More Than Human".  The original novella was voted the fifth-best science fiction novella of the pre-1965 era by the Science Fiction Writers of America, and so was included in The Science Fiction Hall of Fame, Volume Two. <SEP> Nnedi Okorafor (full name: Nnedimma Nkemdili Okorafor; previously known as Nnedi Okorafor-Mbachu; born April 8, 1974) is a Nigerian American writer of fantasy, science fiction, and speculative fiction. <SEP> Binti: Home is a science fiction novella written by Nnedi Okorafor.  The novella was published in 2017 by Tor.com.  "Binti: Home" is the second novella in Okorafor's award-winning "Binti Novella Series". <SEP>  The novella was published in 2015 by Tor.com.  "Binti" is the first novella in Okorafor's "Binti" novella series. Binti is a science fiction novella written by Nnedi Okorafor.
Question: Are Playboy and Fast Company published in the same country?

Fast Company is a monthly American business magazine published in print and online that focuses on technology, business, and design.  It publishes 10 print issues per year.  Robert Safian has been the editor-in-chief since 2007, having previously worked at "Fortune", "Time", and "Money".  "Fast Company" is owned by Mansueto Ventures and is headquartered in New York, New York. <SEP>  It was founded in Chicago in 1953, by Hugh Hefner and his associates, and funded in part by a $1,000 loan from Hefner's mother.  Notable for its centerfolds of nude and semi-nude models (Playmates), "Playboy" played an important role in the sexual revolution and remains one of the world's best-known brands, having grown into Playboy Enterprises, Inc., with a presence in nearly every medium.  In addition to the flagship magazine in the United States, special nation-specific versions of "Playboy" are published worldwide. Playboy is an American men's lifestyle and entertainment magazine. <SEP> Summers began modelling in 2007 with CXLondon, a fashion company in the UK.  Since then, she has appeared in numerous publications.  The work of the English model can be found in many notable magazines such as "GQ, GQ Mexico" "and "FHM"."  Besides the UK, the model made her US debut in 2012, when she was featured in an issue of "Maxim".  April Summers rose to prominence when she first appeared as a "Playboy" Playmate for "Playboy" France's gold issue in September 2010, where she posed for a 12-page spread.  Ever since, it has been a landslide for the English model, as she went on to appear in "Playboy Italy, Playboy Hungary, Playboy Lithuania", "Playboy Poland, Playboy Spain, Playboy Macedonia", "Playboy Argentina, Playboy Slovenia, Playboy Thailand, Playboy Slovakia", and "Playboy Mexico".  However, her international success does not stop there, the model is constantly being published in top Italian magazines ever since she rose to fame in Italy by announcing that she is a fan of the world known team Inter Milan.  April was interviewed by "Playboy" in October 2010 for their website "The Smoking Jacket".  and is the face of The Golden Handcuff Co.  In November 2011, she released her first official calendar. <SEP> Fast and Furious is a 1939 American mystery comedy film directed by Busby Berkeley.  The film stars Franchot Tone and Ann Sothern as Joel and Garda Sloane, a crime-solving married couple who are also rare book dealers.  It is the last of a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer trilogy, along with "Fast Company" (1938) and "Fast and Loose" (1939).  However, different actors played the couple each time.
Question: Which astronaut set an 8 day space endurance record on the Gemini 5 mission in addition to being one of the seven original atronauts in Project Mercury

Leroy Gordon "Gordo" Cooper Jr. (March 6, 1927 – October 4, 2004), (Col, USAF), better known as Gordon Cooper, was an American aerospace engineer, test pilot, United States Air Force pilot, and one of the seven original astronauts in Project Mercury, the first manned space program of the United States. <SEP> Walter Marty "Wally" Schirra Jr. (March 12, 1923 – May 3, 2007), (CAPT, USN), was an American naval officer and aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, and one of the original seven astronauts chosen for Project Mercury, United States first effort to put humans in space.  He flew the six-orbit, nine-hour Mercury-Atlas 8 mission on October 3, 1962, becoming the fifth American, and the ninth human, to ride a rocket into space.  In the two-man Gemini program, he achieved the first space rendezvous, station-keeping his Gemini 6A spacecraft within 1 ft of the sister Gemini 7 spacecraft in December 1965.  In October 1968, he commanded Apollo 7, an 11-day low Earth orbit shakedown test of the three-man Apollo Command/Service Module.  He was the first person to go into space three times, and the only person to have flown in Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo, logging a total of 295 hours and 15 minutes in space.  He retired from the U.S. Navy at the rank of Captain and from NASA after his Apollo flight, becoming a consultant to CBS News for its coverage of the subsequent Apollo flights.  He joined Walter Cronkite as co-anchor for the seven Moon landing missions. <SEP> Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr. (June 2, 1930 – July 8, 1999), (Captain, USN), was an American NASA astronaut, naval officer and aviator, test pilot, and during the Apollo 12 mission became the third man to walk on the Moon.  After Apollo, he commanded the Skylab 2 mission (the first manned one), on which he and his crewmates repaired significant launch damage to the Skylab space station.  He set an eight-day space endurance record along with his Command Pilot Gordon Cooper on the Gemini 5 mission, and commanded the Gemini 11 mission.  For this, President Jimmy Carter awarded him the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in 1978. <SEP> Gemini 5 (officially Gemini V) was a 1965 manned spaceflight in NASA's Gemini program.  It was the third manned Gemini flight, the eleventh manned American flight, and the nineteenth spaceflight of all time, including two X-15 flights above 100 km .  It was also the first time an American manned space mission held the world record for duration, set on August 26, 1965, by breaking the Soviet Union's previous record set by Vostok 5 in 1963.
Question: Are Alan Alda and Raoul Walsh both actors and directors?

"Dreams" is an episode from the television series "M*A*S*H".  It was the 22nd episode of the eighth season, broadcast and aired on February 18, 1980 and repeated September 1, 1980.  It was directed by Alan Alda.  "Dreams" was conceived by James Jay Rubinfier and co-written with Alan Alda.  The episode received two prestigious writing honors: The Humanitas Prize (1980), and a Writers' Guild of America nomination for episodic television writing in the dramatic category, which was a first as M*A*S*H received WGA nominations in both comedy and drama categories that same year.  The laugh track is omitted for this episode. <SEP>  A seven-time Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award winner, he is widely known for his roles as Captain Hawkeye Pierce in the TV series "M*A*S*H" (1972–1983), hosting of "Scientific American Frontiers", and as Arnold Vinick in "The West Wing" (2004–2006). Alan Alda ( ; born Alphonso Joseph D'Abruzzo; January 28, 1936) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and author.  He has also appeared in many feature films, most notably in "Crimes and Misdemeanors" (1989), as pretentious television producer Lester, and "The Aviator" (2004) as U.S. Senator Owen Brewster, the latter of which saw Alda nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. <SEP>  He was known for portraying John Wilkes Booth in the silent classic "The Birth of a Nation" (1915) and for directing such films as "The Big Trail" (1930), starring John Wayne, "High Sierra" (1941), starring Ida Lupino and Humphrey Bogart; and "White Heat" (1949), starring James Cagney and Edmond O'Brien.  He directed his last film in 1964. Raoul A. Walsh (March 11, 1887December 31, 1980) was an American film director, actor, founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) and the brother of the silent screen actor George Walsh. <SEP> "Life Time" is the 11th episode in the eighth season of the CBS television series "M*A*S*H".  It originally aired on November 26, 1979, it was directed by Alan Alda and was co-written by Alan Alda and Dr. Walter D. Dishell, M.D., the latter of whom was the show's medical consultant, along with phantom assistance from authors W.C. Heinz, Ring Lardner, Jr., who had written the script for the film "MASH," and even Richard Hooker, himself a former U.S. Army MASH unit surgeon, and author of the 1968 novel "," from which the film and series both drew their inspirations.
Question: What was the relationship between the two women who organized the car bombings of Old Bailey and Scotland Yard?

The July 2016 Qamishli bombings were a twin car bombing in a Rojavan-held district in the city of Qamishli, part of the al-Hasakah Governorate in Syria.  The bombings killed more than 44 and more than 171 were wounded.  The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant praised the attacks and claimed responsibility.  The city of Qamishli was also the site of multiple car bombings since 2015. <SEP> The October 2010 Abuja car bombings, also referred to as the 2010 Nigeria Independence Day attacks, were two car bombings carried out against crowds celebrating the fiftieth anniversary (golden jubilee) of Nigeria's independence in the capital city of Abuja on the morning of October 1, 2010 .  The attacks left 12 dead and 17 injured.  According to multiple sources, the Movement for the Emancipation of the Niger Delta (MEND) issued a warning less than an hour before the first bomb stating the location, near Eagle Square (the venue of the celebration), and the time, around 10:30 a.m., of planned bombings. <SEP> Dolours Price (21 June 1951 – 23 January 2013) was, along with her younger sister Marian, a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteer.  She was also a political activist who became a staunch critic of Gerry Adams' leadership of Sinn Féin. <SEP>  He and ten members of his 11-man active service unit (ASU) were apprehended attempting to board a flight to Ireland shortly after the bombs were discovered. Hugh Feeney (born 1951) was a volunteer of the Provisional Irish Republican Army who, together with Dolours Price and Marian Price, organised the car bombings of the Old Bailey and Scotland Yard on March 8, 1973.
Question: The athlete Doug Scovil was credited with developing played with the NFL for how many seasons?

Doug Scovil (June 30, 1927 – December 9, 1989) was an American football player and coach.  Following his stint as head coach for the San Diego State Aztecs, Scovil worked as the quarterbacks coach for the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League (NFL), where he was credited with developing Randall Cunningham, until his death from a heart attack at Veterans Stadium during the 1989 season.  His served as the head football coach at the University of the Pacific in Stockton, California from 1966 to 1969 and at San Diego State University from 1981 to 1985, compiling a career college football record of 45–51–3.  In memory of Scovil's passing, the Eagles marked their helmets with black electrical tape for the rest of the season. <SEP> Randall Wade Cunningham (born March 27, 1963) is a former American football quarterback in the National Football League (NFL).  Cunningham is also known for his tenure with the Minnesota Vikings.  He is the younger brother of former college and professional football player Sam Cunningham and the father of Randall Cunningham II and world champion high jumper Vashti Cunningham.  He played in the NFL for 16 seasons, primarily with the Philadelphia Eagles.  Cunningham was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2016. <SEP> Robert Bruce "Bob" Adams (born August 15, 1946) is a former professional American football tight end in the National Football League (NFL) and a spokesperson for the Church of Scientology International.  He attended El Camino High School during the 1960s, and was encouraged by a coach at the College of San Mateo to play football.  He played for a single season at the college, during 1966, while participating in other sports at the school including track-and-field and basketball.  A former coach of the College of San Mateo, Doug Scovil, recruited Adams to the College of the Pacific, where he received a full scholarship to play football there.  By 1968, he was captain of the team's offense at the school. <SEP> The Children's Theatre Company (formerly known as The Moppet Players from 1961 to 1965) is a regional theatre established in 1965 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, specializing in plays for families, young audiences and the very young.  The theatre is the largest theatre for multigenerational audiences in the United States and is the recipient of 2003 Tony Award for Outstanding Regional Theatre.  The founding is credited to John Clark Donahue and Beth Linnerson.  Many productions are adaptations from children's literature including Pippi Longstocking, The 500 Hats of Bartholomew Cubbins, "Cinderella", How The Grinch Stole Christmas, A Year with Frog and Toad and "Alice in Wonderland" that have been in the company's repertoire for many seasons.  Among their early premiere productions was Richard Dworsky's musical version of "The Marvelous Land of Oz", which was one of several productions to be issued on video in the early 1980s.  The casts themselves are a mix of adult and young adult performers.
Question: Who starred in a 2013 film which inspired by events in council house in England from 1977 to 1979?

Big Brum is the local name for the clock tower on the Council House, Birmingham, England.  Built in 1885, the clock tower is part of the first extension to the original Council House of 1879 and stands above the Museum & Art Gallery.  The clock tower, Museum & Art Gallery and Council House were designed by architect Yeoville Thomason and form a single block.  The clock was donated by A. Follett Osler, a local pioneer in the measurement of meteorological and chronological data. <SEP> The Conjuring 2 is a 2016 American horror film directed by James Wan.  Patrick Wilson and Vera Farmiga reprise their roles as paranormal investigators and authors Ed and Lorraine Warren from the first film.  The screenplay is by Chad Hayes, Carey W. Hayes, Wan and David Leslie Johnson.  It is the sequel to 2013's "The Conjuring" and the third installment in "The Conjuring" series.  The film follows the Warrens as they travel to England to assist the Hodgson family, who are experiencing poltergeist activity at their Enfield council house in 1977 which later became referred to as the Enfield Poltergeist. <SEP> The Enfield Haunting is a British drama horror series which was commissioned by Sky Living and first aired on 3 May 2015.  Kristoffer Nyholm, who rose to fame after the hugely popular Danish series, "The Killing", directed the new three-parter.  The series is based on Guy Lyon Playfair’s book, "This House Is Haunted" and is about a series of bizarre events around the phenomena collectively known as ‘The Enfield Poltergeist’ that took place at a council house from August 1977 to 1979.  The drama draws upon recordings and witness statements to draw the audience in to the unfolding supernatural events.  The series finished on 17 May 2015 after the third and last episode aired. <SEP>  Some members of the Society for Psychical Research such as inventor Maurice Grosse and writer Guy Lyon Playfair believed the haunting to be genuine, while others such as professors of psychology Anita Gregory and John Beloff were "unconvinced" and found evidence the girls had faked incidents for the benefit of reporters.  Members of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry including stage magicians such as Milbourne Christopher, Joe Nickell, and Bob Couttie investigated the incidents and criticised paranormal investigators for being overly credulous, identifying various features of the case as being indicative of a hoax. The Enfield Poltergeist is the name given to the claims of poltergeist activity at a council house in Brimsdown, Enfield, England from 1977 to 1979 involving two sisters, ages 11 and 13.
Question: The Nakajima B5N was the standard of what type of warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft?

The Nakajima B5N (Japanese: 中島 B5N , Allied reporting name "Kate") was the standard carrier torpedo bomber of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) for much of World War II. <SEP> This list of aircraft carriers contains aircraft carriers listed alphabetically by name.  An aircraft carrier is a warship with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft, that serves as a seagoing airbase. <SEP>  Typically, it is the capital ship of a fleet, as it allows a naval force to project air power worldwide without depending on local bases for staging aircraft operations.  Aircraft carriers are expensive to build and are critical assets.  Carriers have evolved since their inception in the early twentieth century from wooden vessels used to deploy balloons to nuclear-powered warships that carry numerous fighter planes, strike aircraft, helicopters, and other types of aircraft.  While it is possible to launch heavier aircraft such as fixed-wing gunships and bombers (it has been done) from aircraft carriers, it is virtually impossible to land them. An aircraft carrier is a warship that serves as a seagoing airbase, equipped with a full-length flight deck and facilities for carrying, arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft. <SEP> This is a list of aircraft carriers which are currently in service, reserve, under construction, or being rebuilt.  An aircraft carrier is a warship with a full-length flight deck, hangar and facilities for arming, deploying, and recovering aircraft.  The list only refers to the status of the ship, not availability or condition of an air wing.  This includes helicopter carriers and amphibious assault ships, which are vessels whose primary purpose is to carry, arm, deploy, and recover aircraft.
Question: Where is the filmmaker based who wrote and directed the 2013 drama film Black Box ?

Stephen Cone (born August 10, 1980) is a Chicago-based filmmaker, educator, and actor. <SEP> The Black Box is a 1915 American drama film serial directed by Otis Turner.  This serial is considered to be lost.  The film was written in part by E. Phillips Oppenheim, a very popular novelist at the time.  The story was also published in 1915 as a novel and as a newspaper serial.  Both published editions were illustrated by photographic stills taken from the movie serial.  In the novel version, about 30 stills from the movie are preserved.  These can be seen in the Gutenberg.org version. <SEP> Black Box is a 2013 drama film written and directed by Stephen Cone, starring Josephine Decker and Austin Pendleton. <SEP> Still Life is a 2013 drama film written and directed by Uberto Pasolini.  The film was presented at the 70th Venice Film Festival , where it won the award for Best Director in the category "Orizzonti".  At the Reykjavik International Film Festival, "Still Life" received the top award (Golden Puffin) as well as the FIPRESCI Award.  It also received the Black Pearl award (the highest award) at the Abu Dhabi Film Festival for "its humanity, empathy, and grace in treating grief, solitude, and death"; and for his performance, Eddie Marsan won the Best British Actor award at the 2014 Edinburgh International Film Festival.
Question: The Colossus of New York is a book, released in which year, about the history of New York City by Colson Whitehead, an American novelist?

The Colossus of New York is a 2003 book about the history of New York City by Colson Whitehead. <SEP> Katherine Oliver is an American media and entertainment executive based in New York City.  Oliver is currently a Principal at Bloomberg Associates, a philanthropic consultancy firm founded by Michael Bloomberg to provide advice and long-term solutions to cities worldwide.  On August 1, 2002, she was appointed by New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg as the Commissioner of The New York City Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre and Broadcasting, which facilitates all aspects of film, television and commercial production in New York City, coordinating on-location filming, liaising with the community and promoting the City as an entertainment capital.  Oliver was the main liaison between the Mayor's Office and Hollywood and aimed "to make filmmakers and production companies happy to return to New York."  In 2013, Oliver and Mayor Bloomberg were featured on the cover of Variety and were credited for their role in "revitalizing the city's entertainment sector."  An economic impact study released by the Boston Consulting Group in 2012 found that New York City's entertainment industry during Oliver's tenure as film commissioner had grown to account for a $7.1 billion annual direct spend in New York City, an increase of $2 billion since 2002, and that the local industry created 30,000 jobs in New York City since 2004, growing to employ 130,000 people.  AM New York noted that: "New York's film and TV industry is stronger than it has ever been, pumping $7.1 billion into the local economy in 2011 and bringing in some $60 billion over the last decade."  After Bloomberg announced that former president and co-founder of NYC Media Group Arick Wierson was returning to the private sector, Bloomberg named Oliver as the incoming president of NYC Media and general manager of NYCTV.  In July 2010, Oliver became the commissioner of the Mayor's Office of Media and Entertainment, the city agency that includes the Mayor's Office of Film, Theatre and Broadcasting, NYC Media, and NYC Digital. <SEP>  He is the author of six novels, including his debut work, the 1999 novel "The Intuitionist", and "The Underground Railroad" (2016), for which he won the 2016 National Book Award for Fiction and the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Colson Whitehead (born November 6, 1969) is an American novelist.  He has also published two books of non-fiction.  In 2002, he received a MacArthur Fellowship ("Genius Grant"). <SEP> Zone One is a 2011 "The New York Times" best-selling novel by African American author Colson Whitehead.  "Zone One" is part genre fiction, part literary fiction—a zombie story in the hands of a Pulitzer-nominated novelist.  Whitehead has stated that the novel was partly an attempt to return to his adolescent fascination with horror writer Stephen King and science fiction icon Isaac Asimov.
Question: Don Carlos and Candide, are operas?

Samuel Krachmalnick (1926, St. Louis – April 1, 2005, Burbank, California) was an American conductor and music educator.  He first came to prominence as a conductor on Broadway during the 1950s, notably earning a Tony Award nomination for his work as the music director of the original production of Leonard Bernstein's "Candide".  He went on to work as a busy conductor of operas and symphony orchestras internationally during the 1960s and 1970s.  He was particularly active in New York City where he held conducting posts with the American Ballet Theatre, the Harkness Ballet, the Metropolitan Opera, and the New York City Opera.  His later career was primarily devoted to teaching on the music faculties of the University of Washington and the University of California, Los Angeles. <SEP>  The operetta was first performed in 1956 with a libretto by Lillian Hellman; but since 1974 it has been generally performed with a book by Hugh Wheeler which is more faithful to Voltaire's novel.  The primary lyricist was the poet Richard Wilbur. Candide is an operetta with music composed by Leonard Bernstein, based on the 1759 novella of the same name by Voltaire.  Other contributors to the text were John Latouche, Dorothy Parker, Lillian Hellman, Stephen Sondheim, John Mauceri, John Wells, and Bernstein himself.  Maurice Peress and Hershy Kay contributed orchestrations.  Although unsuccessful at its premiere, "Candide" has now overcome the unenthusiastic reaction of early audiences and critics and achieved enormous popularity.  It is very popular among major music schools as a student show because of the quality of its music and the opportunities it offers to student singers. <SEP> Don Carlos is a five-act grand opera composed by Giuseppe Verdi to a French-language libretto by Joseph Méry and Camille du Locle, based on the dramatic play "Don Carlos, Infant von Spanien" ("Don Carlos, Infante of Spain") by Friedrich Schiller.  The opera is usually performed in an Italian translation.  In addition, it has been noted by David Kimball that the Fontainebleau scene and auto da fé "were the most substantial of several incidents borrowed from a contemporary play on Philip II by Eugène Cormon". <SEP> Marie-Gabrielle Krauss (24 March 18426 January 1906) was an important 19th century Austrian-born French operatic soprano.  She created major roles in operas by Anton Rubinstein, Charles Gounod, Camille Saint-Saëns, Auguste Mermet, Clémence de Grandval, Errico Petrella, Antônio Carlos Gomes and Émile Paladilhe.  She also created roles in local premieres of Verdi and Wagner operas.  Krauss was a leading soprano at the Paris Opera for 13 years, and also sang with great success in Italy and Russia.
Question: Who painted the Clinton's Family Portrait in 1995?

Pietro Antonio Lorenzoni (1721–1782) was an Italian painter who is believed to have painted several portraits of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and his family: "The Boy Mozart" (1763), his sister Maria Anna Mozart in "Nannerl as a Child" (1763) and a portrait of their father Leopold Mozart (c. 1765).  He arrived in Salzburg, Austria in the 1740s and first wanted to paint Wolfgang and Nannerl.  His protégé, Johann Nepomuk della Croce, painted a Mozart family portrait in 1780. <SEP> Larry Dell Alexander (born May 30, 1953) is an American artist, Christian author and Catechist from Dermott, Arkansas in Chicot County.  Alexander is best known for his creations of elaborate colorful, and black & white "pen and ink" drawings in his "crosshatching", or "hatching" technique, and his acrylic paintings.  It is now a part of the collection at the Clinton Presidential Library in Little Rock, Arkansas.  He also received notoriety and a personal presidential thanks for his personal rendition of a "Clinton Family Portrait" oil painting which he gave to U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1995.  He is also known for the Arkansas Schools Tours that he did between 1996 and 2006.  He has written nine devotional Bible studies commentaries on several New Testament books and one on the Old Testament book of Ezekiel of the Christian Bible, and has also created many drawings and paintings with strong Christian themes over the years.  However, in recent years he is perhaps better known for his writings and teachings on Christianity <SEP>  It was created in 1995 and given as a gift to then U.S. President Bill Clinton who is also a native of Arkansas.  It is a unique painting in that Alexander has done very few known oil paintings.  Most of his paintings are done in acrylics, and there are a few done in watercolors.  This portrait is a unique blend of cartoon likeness and realism. Clinton Family Portrait is an oil painting on canvas by American artist Larry D. Alexander from Dermott, Arkansas, USA.  It is now a part of the permanent collection at the Clinton Presidential Library in Little Rock, Arkansas. <SEP> "Free Family Portrait Studio" is the twenty-fourth episode and season finale of the eighth season of the American comedy television series "The Office", and the show's 176th episode overall.  The episode originally aired on NBC on May 10, 2012.  "Free Family Portrait Studio" was written and directed by B. J. Novak, who also wrote and directed the season premiere "The List".  The episode guest stars Andy Buckley, Jack Coleman, Sendhil Ramamurthy, Jerry Minor, and Michael Schur.
Question: In the "Harry Potter" series created by who, many fictional magical creatures exist in the series, while ordinary creatures sometimes exhibit new magical properties in the novel's world?

 Many fictional magical creatures exist in the series, while ordinary creatures sometimes exhibit new magical properties in the novel's world.  Objects, too, can be enhanced or imbued with magical property.  The small percentage of humans who are able to perform magic are referred to as witches and wizards, in contrast to the non-magical muggles. In the "Harry Potter" series created by J. K. Rowling, magic is depicted as a supernatural force that can be used to override the usual laws of nature. <SEP> Magical creatures are a colourful aspect of the fictional wizarding world contained in the "Harry Potter" series by J. K. Rowling.  Throughout the seven books of the series, Harry and his friends come across many of these creatures on their adventures, as well as in the Care of Magical Creatures class at Hogwarts.  Rowling has also written "Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them", a guide to the magical beasts found in the series.  Many of these are derived from folklore, primarily Greek mythology, but also British and Scandinavian folklore.  Many of the legends surrounding mythical creatures are also incorporated in the books.  "Children ... know that I didn't invent unicorns, but I've had to explain frequently that I didn't actually invent hippogriffs," Rowling told Stephen Fry in an interview for BBC Radio 4.  "When I do use a creature that I know is a mythological entity, I like to find out as much as I can about it.  I might not use it, but to make it as consistent as I feel is good for my plot." <SEP> Rubeus Hagrid is a fictional character in the "Harry Potter" book series written by J. K. Rowling.  He is introduced in "Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone" as a half-giant and half-human who is the gamekeeper and Keeper of Keys and Grounds of Hogwarts, the primary setting for the first six novels.  In the third novel "Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban", Hagrid is promoted to Care of Magical Creatures teacher, and is later revealed to be a member of the Order of the Phoenix. <SEP> The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter: A Treasury of Myths, Legends, and Fascinating Facts is a guide to the fictional "Harry Potter" universe, written by David Colbert.  It explores the references to history, legends, and literature in J.K. Rowling's "Harry Potter" novels.  Colbert conceived the idea for "The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter" while quizzing his nephew and nieces about the mythological references in the novels.  He later wrote the book while teaching a seminar on self-publishing to graduate students at the University of North Carolina.  The book was published in March 2001, without approval from Rowling, and has since received positive reviews from critics.  An updated version of "The Magical Worlds of Harry Potter" was published in 2004 by Berkley Books.
Question: Which pizza chain is based in Dayton Ohio, Marion's Piazza or Sal's Pizza?

 The chain is owned by Sal's Group, owner of Salvatores, Mary's Pasta & Sandwiches, and Riverwalk Properties.  The company's franchises prepare a combined total of over 60,000 pizzas weekly. Sal's Pizza is a chain of Italian restaurants based in New England, best known for pizza. <SEP> Pizza delivery is a service in which a pizzeria or pizza chain delivers a pizza to a customer.  An order is typically made either by telephone or over the internet to the pizza chain, in which the customer can request pizza type, size and other products alongside the pizza, commonly including soft drinks.  Pizzas may be delivered in pizza boxes or delivery bags, and deliveries are made with either an automobile, motorized scooter, or bicycle.  Customers can, depending on the pizza chain, choose to pay online, or in person, with cash, credit or a debit card.  A delivery fee is often charged with what the customer has bought. <SEP> Cassano's Pizza King, currently operating under the brand Cassano's, is a pizzeria chain based in Kettering, Ohio, a suburb of Dayton.  Established on June 4, 1953, by the Kettering grocer Victor "Vic" J. Cassano, Sr. (June 4, 1922 – January 1, 2002) and his mother-in-law Caroline "Mom" Donisi, the company currently (2005) operates 34 Cassano's Pizza King restaurants in the Dayton area, and has three other western Ohio franchises (in Russells Point, Fairfield and Sidney), plus a franchise in Quincy, Illinois, and another in Hannibal, Missouri.  The company also operates dozens of Cassano's Pizza Express kiosks in gas stations, convenience stores and hotels, and sells frozen pizza dough under the name Cassano's Fresh Frozen Dough Company. <SEP> Marion's Piazza is a pizzeria chain based in Dayton, Ohio.  Established in 1965 by Marion Glass, the company currently operates 9 restaurants throughout the greater Dayton area.  Marion's is renowned for its unique style of pizza, characterized by its traditional preparation and small square slices.  The chain is intensely popular with Dayton locals and has been awarded the title of "Best Pizza" 2 times.
Question: Where was a Belgian variety of hop cultivated, it is used for a type of beer brewed in the Pajottenland region of Belgium southwest of Brussels and in Brussels itself at the Cantillon Brewery?

Lambic is a type of beer brewed in the Pajottenland region of Belgium southwest of Brussels and in Brussels itself at the Cantillon Brewery.  Lambic beers include gueuze and kriek lambic.  Lambic differs from most other beers in that it is fermented through exposure to wild yeasts and bacteria native to the Zenne valley, as opposed to exposure to carefully cultivated strains of brewer's yeast.  This process gives the beer its distinctive flavour: dry, vinous, and cidery, usually with a sour aftertaste. <SEP> Vlezenbeek is a small town of 3,324 in the Flemish Brabant southwest of Brussels, Belgium.  It is part of the municipality Sint-Pieters-Leeuw.  It is the home of Neuhaus, an international exporter of fine Belgian chocolate, as well as Lindemans Brewery, a brewery that produces lambics, a distinctly Belgian type of beer. <SEP> Coigneau is a Belgian variety of hop which was massively cultivated in the Flemish Aalst-Asse area near Brussels in the nineteenth and first half of the twentieth century.  Because of the light bitterness the Coigneau was during a considerable period of time the favorite hop used for Lambic beer brewed in the Pajottenland region of Belgium (southwest of Brussels). <SEP> The Pajottenland (in English occasionally Payottenland) is a distinct region within the Flemish Brabant province of Belgium.  The region is located west-southwest of Brussels.  The Pajottenland is predominantly farmland, with occasional gently rolling hills, and lies mostly between the rivers Dender and Zenne / Senne.  The area has historically provided food and drink for the citizens of Brussels, especially Lambic beers, which are only produced here and in the Zenne valley where Brussels is.
Question: Which case dealt with same-sex relationships, Furman v. Georgia or Bowers v. Hardwick?

Gregg v. Georgia", "Proffitt v. Florida", "Jurek v. Texas", "Woodson v. North Carolina", and "Roberts v. Louisiana, 428 U.S. 153 (1976) , reaffirmed the United States Supreme Court's acceptance of the use of the death penalty in the United States, upholding, in particular, the death sentence imposed on Troy Leon Gregg.  Referred to by a leading scholar as the July 2 Cases and elsewhere referred to by the lead case Gregg, the Supreme Court set forth the two main features that capital sentencing procedures must employ in order to comply with the Eighth Amendment ban on "cruel and unusual punishments".  The decision essentially ended the "de facto" moratorium on the death penalty imposed by the Court in its 1972 decision in "Furman v. Georgia" 408 U.S. 238 (1972) . <SEP>  Following "Furman", in order to reinstate the death penalty, states had to at least remove arbitrary and discriminatory effects, to satisfy the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972) was a criminal case in which the United States Supreme Court struck down all death penalty schemes in the United States in a 5–4 decision, with each member of the majority writing a separate opinion. <SEP> Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003) is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court.  The Court struck down the sodomy law in Texas in a 6-3 decision and, by extension, invalidated sodomy laws in 13 other states, making same-sex sexual activity legal in every U.S. state and territory.  The Court, with a five-justice majority, overturned its previous ruling on the same issue in the 1986 case "Bowers v. Hardwick", where it upheld a challenged Georgia statute and did not find a constitutional protection of sexual privacy. <SEP> Bowers v. Hardwick, 478 U.S. 186 (1986) , is a United States Supreme Court decision, overturned in 2003, that upheld, in a 5–4 ruling, the constitutionality of a Georgia sodomy law criminalizing oral and anal sex in private between consenting adults, in this case with respect to homosexual sodomy, though the law did not differentiate between homosexual sodomy and heterosexual sodomy.
Question: Peter McNamara and František Čermák, have which occupation in common?

František Čermák and Jiří Veselý were the defending champions, but Veselý chose not to participate.  Čermák played alongside Radu Albot, but lost in the final to Andrey Rublev and Dmitry Tursunov, 6–2, 1–6, [6–10]. <SEP> Peter McNamara (born 5 July 1955) is an Australian retired tennis player. <SEP> František Čermák and Julian Knowle were the defending champions but decided not to participate together.  Knowle teamed up with Leonardo Mayer, but lost in the first round to Daniel Brands and Michal Mertiňák. <br> Čermák played alongside Lukáš Dlouhý, but lost in the final to Martin Emmrich and Christopher Kas, 4–6, 3–6. <SEP>  He has won 31 doubles titles on the ATP Tour and has been a finalist 24 times.  He achieved a career-high doubles ranking of World No. 14 in February 2010.  He usually plays doubles with Filip Polášek. František Čermák (born 14 November 1976) is a Czech professional tennis player.  In mixed doubles, Čermák and partner Lucie Hradecká reached the final of the 2013 Australian Open and won the 2013 French Open.  In singles, Čermák won 1 Challenger title and 10 Futures titles, reaching a career-high singles ranking of World No. 201 in October 2003.