winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: The St Regis River begins at Lookout Pass in which mountain pass on the Idaho/Montana border? 

 In the Coeur d'Alene Mountains of the Bitterroot Range, the pass is on the border between Idaho and Montana, traversed by Interstate 90 (formerly U.S. Route 10) at an elevation of 4710 ft above sea level. Lookout Pass is a mountain pass in the Rocky Mountains of the northwestern United States. <SEP>  It begins at Lookout Pass on the Idaho/Montana border, flows east and ends at the confluence with the Clark Fork in the city of St. Regis.  Its drainage is 330 sqmi . The St. Regis River is an approximately 32.5 mi tributary of the Clark Fork of the Columbia River in Montana in the United States.  The record high flow for the St. Regis River in Montana was recorded on May 19, 1954 at 11,000 cubic feet per second according to USGS gaging data. <SEP> Lookout Pass Ski and Recreation Area is a ski area in the western United States.  It is at Lookout Pass on Interstate 90, on the border of Idaho and Montana, 5 mi east of Mullan, Idaho.  It has a summit elevation of 5650 ft on Runt Mountain with a vertical drop of 1150 ft on the northeast-facing slopes.  Lookout Pass operates five days per week (closed Tuesday & Wednesday) during the ski season, and daily during the Christmas vacation break. <SEP> The St. Regis River is an 86 mi river in northern New York in the United States.  It flows into the Saint Lawrence River at the hamlet of St Regis in the St. Regis Mohawk Reservation.  The Saint Regis River basin includes Upper and Lower St. Regis Lakes, and Saint Regis Pond in the Saint Regis Canoe Area.
Question: Which Italian composer born in 1925 collaborated with another artist in the writing of stage show music against antisemitism?

Samuel Denison "Sam" Martin (born February 7, 1983) is an American Grammy Award-winning musician, singer, songwriter and record producer.  His song, "Want to Want Me", (released by Jason Derulo), holds the record for the most-adds in the American contemporary hit radio history.  Martin's first song he wrote for another artist became the song, "Daylight" by Maroon 5, which peaked at number-one on the "Billboard" charts.  His writing on "Fly Rasta", released by Ziggy Marley, led it to becoming a number-one reggae album as well as a receiving a Grammy Award.  He rose to the public eye in 2014 for not only writing, but as a featured artist on David Guetta's with number-one singles: "Lovers on the Sun" and "Dangerous".  His work also extends to projects with One Direction, Nick Jonas, Zedd, Flo Rida, Prince Royce, Snoop Dogg and T.I.. <SEP> Rux is an influential street punk band from South Korea.  They formed in 1996 and released their first recording in 1999.  Lead vocalist Won Jong-hee, the only remaining original member, also ran Skunk Label and owned the punk music venue Skunk Hell.  They gained notoriety in 2005 when friends of the band undressed on stage during the live nationwide broadcast of an episode of MBC concert show Music Camp. <SEP>  Originally a lawyer, Coscia began focusing full-time on jazz music.  Expresses an interest in developing "the remote values of cultural and popular tradition through the language of jazz."  Has toured widely on the international jazz circuit.  Of interest: the liner notes to his first CD were written by his former classmate Umberto Eco and he collaborated with Luciano Berio in the writing of the music of a stage show against antisemitism.  Since 1995 he collaboretes with wood-player Gianluigi Trovesi mainly on the label ECM Records and since 2006 he has been a member of the Council of the Chigiana Music Academy in Siena. Gianni Coscia is an Italian jazz accordionist. <SEP>  He is noted for his experimental work (in particular his 1968 composition "Sinfonia" and his series of virtuosic solo pieces titled "Sequenza") and also for his pioneering work in electronic music. Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (October 24, 1925 – May 27, 2003) was an Italian composer.
Question: Which was founded earlier, Providence Hospital or Psychiatric Institute of Washington?

Providence St. Peter Hospital, located in the Lilly Road Medical District of Olympia, Washington is Providence Health & Services’s second largest Washington state hospital.  Providence St. Peter features 390 beds in the medical/surgical tower with 42 private rooms in the emergency department (including a four-bed locked mental health evaluation unit), 18 beds in the Psychiatry Building, and 32 beds in the Critical Care Unit.  This facility is a non-profit teaching hospital founded by the Sisters of Providence in 1887.  Providence St. Peter Hospital offers comprehensive medical, surgical and behavioral health services. <SEP> The New York State Psychiatric Institute, located in the Columbia University Medical Center in the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, was established in 1895 as one of the first institutions in the United States to integrate teaching, research and therapeutic approaches to the care of patients with mental illnesses.  In 1925, the Institute affiliated with Presbyterian Hospital, now New York-Presbyterian Hospital, adding general hospital facilities to the Institute's psychiatric services and research laboratories. <SEP>  It offers behavioral healthcare to patients suffering from mental and addictive illnesses, including children, adolescents, adults and the elderly.  Services offered by PIW include inpatient, partial and intensive outpatient hospitalization, and group treatment programs for substance abuse and addiction. The Psychiatric Institute of Washington (PIW) is an acute (104 bed) psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C. Opened in 1967, PIW is a short-term, private hospital. <SEP>  Founded in 1861, it is the longest continuously operating hospital in the District. Providence Hospital is a 408 bed hospital located in the District of Columbia.  Providence Hospital is a member of Ascension Health, the largest non-profit health care organization in the United States.
Question: When was the actor who portrayed Will Turner in Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest named a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador?

Mahmoud Kabil (Arabic: محمود قابيل‎ ‎ , born May 19, 1946) is an award-winning Egyptian actor and political activist.  He is also the UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador for the Middle East and North Africa.  Kabil served as an officer in the Military of Egypt's Special Forces before becoming a promising actor in Egyptian cinema during the 1970s.  Blacklisted in 1980, Kabil moved to the United States and took a 14-year hiatus from acting.  He made a successful comeback upon his return to Egypt in 1993, and has since starred in more than 50 films and TV series on his way to becoming one of Egypt's most popular actors.  After years of involvement with the United Nations, Kabil was named a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in November 2003. <SEP>  It was directed by Gore Verbinski, written by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio, and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer.  In the film, the wedding of Will Turner (Orlando Bloom) and Elizabeth Swann (Keira Knightley) is interrupted by Lord Cutler Beckett (Tom Hollander), who wants Turner to acquire the compass of Captain Jack Sparrow (Johnny Depp) in a bid to find the Dead Man's Chest.  Sparrow discovers his debt to Davy Jones (Bill Nighy) is due. Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest is a 2006 American fantasy comedy swashbuckler film, the second installment of the "Pirates of the Caribbean" film series and the sequel to "" (2003). <SEP> Ruslana Stepanivna Lyzhychko (Ukrainian: Руслана Степанівна Лижичко , "Ruslana Lyžyčko"; born 24 May 1973), known mononymously as Ruslana, is a World Music Award and Eurovision Song Contest winning artist, holding the title of People's Artist of Ukraine.  She is also a former MP serving as deputy in the Ukrainian parliament (Verkhovna Rada) for the Our Ukraine Party.  Ruslana was the UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in Ukraine in 2004-2005.  She is recognized as the most successful Ukrainian female solo artist internationally and was included in the top 10 most influential women of 2013 by the Forbes magazine.  The U.S. Secretary of State honored her with the International Women of Courage Award in March 2014.  She has been named an honorary citizen of her hometown L'viv and was nominated to receive the title Hero of Ukraine. <SEP> Bloom subsequently established himself as a leading man in Hollywood films such as Balian de Ibelin in Ridley Scott's "Kingdom of Heaven" (2005) and "Elizabethtown" (2005).  He made his professional stage debut in West End's "In Celebration" at the Duke of York's Theatre in London in 2007 and starred in a Broadway adaption of "Romeo and Juliet" in 2013.  In 2009, Bloom was named a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador.  In 2015 he received the BAFTA Britannia Humanitarian Award.
Question: Who added lyrics to a song that was composed by a man described by John Williams as "one of the great American masters of light orchestral music"?

Thomas Wagner is an Emmy Award winning writer, producer and composer working primarily in documentary films.  He is known for his work on "Finding Lucy", an "American Masters" PBS documentary about actress Lucille Ball.  Wagner won a prime-time Emmy Award for writing and producing that film.  His script for "Finding Lucy" was also nominated for Best Documentary Script by the Writers Guild of America.  Wagner also co-produced another PBS "American Masters" documentary, "Rod Serling: Submitted for your Approval", and his script for that film bio, co-written with John Goff, was again nominated for Best Documentary Script by the Writers Guild of America.  The Serling documentary also won a Bronze Plaque at the Columbus Film Festival and a Cine Gold Eagle.  Wagner also composed the music for the Academy Award nominated film, "" which aired on HBO. <SEP>  It was later turned into a popular song with lyrics by Mitchell Parish. "Blue Tango" is an instrumental composition by Leroy Anderson, written in 1951 and published in 1952.  Numerous artists have since covered "Blue Tango". <SEP> "Goodbye Pork Pie Hat" is a jazz standard composed by Charles Mingus originally recorded by his sextet in 1959 as listed below, and released on his album "Mingus Ah Um".  Mingus wrote it as an elegy for saxophonist Lester Young, who had died two months prior to the recording session, and was known to wear a broad-brimmed pork pie hat.  It is one of Mingus's best-known compositions and has been recorded by many jazz and jazz fusion artists.  Joni Mitchell added lyrics to the song for her album "Mingus", recorded in collaboration with Mingus during the months before his death.  Rahsaan Roland Kirk also composed lyrics to the song, included on his album "The Return of the 5000 Lb.  Man". <SEP>  John Williams described him as "one of the great American masters of light orchestral music." Leroy Anderson ( ~ ); (June 29, 1908 – May 18, 1975) was an American composer of short, light concert pieces, many of which were introduced by the Boston Pops Orchestra under the direction of Arthur Fiedler.
Question: Which city can be said to govern more people, Dunhua or Shangzhi?

The Falling Man is a photograph taken by Associated Press photographer Richard Drew of a man falling from the North Tower of the World Trade Center at 9:41:15 a.m. during the September 11 attacks in New York City.  The subject of the image, whose identity remains uncertain, was one of the people trapped on the upper floors of the skyscraper who either fell searching for safety or jumped to escape the fire and smoke.  At least 200 people are believed to have fallen or jumped to their deaths that day while other estimates say the number is half of that or fewer.  Officials could not recover or identify the bodies of those forced out of the buildings prior to the collapse of the towers.  All deaths in the attacks except those of the hijackers were ruled to be homicides due to blunt trauma (as opposed to suicides).  The New York City medical examiner's office said it does not classify the people who fell to their deaths on September 11 as "jumpers": Ellen Borakove, the examiner's office spokeswoman, said "A 'jumper' is somebody who goes to the office in the morning knowing that they will commit suicide.  These people were forced out by the smoke and flames or blown out." <SEP>  It is 127 km away from central Harbin and has an area of approximately 9000 km2 .  The city proper has a population of around 120,000, while the total administrative population is approximately 600,000 inhabitants. Shangzhi () is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China.  The most spacious county-level division of Harbin City, it borders Yanshou County to the north, Wuchang to the southwest, Acheng District to the northwest, and Bin County to the northwest, as well as the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang to the southeast. <SEP>  It has more than 480,000 inhabitants (as of 2002) and was the capital of Balhae between 742−756, known at the time as "Junggyeong".  During the Qing Dynasty it was called Áodōng (敖东 ) in Chinese and "Odoli" in Manchu. Dunhua is a county-level city of the Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture in southeastern Jilin province, People's Republic of China. <SEP> The Setsuyō-shū or Setchō-shū (節用集 , "Economical Collection" or "Collection [of words] for Everyday Use") was a popular Muromachi Period Japanese dictionary collated in "iroha" order and subdivided into semantic categories.  The title word "setsuyō" means "reduce usage; economize" and alludes to the "Lunyu" (compare the "Kagakushū").  "Confucius said: 'If you would govern a state of a thousand chariots (a small-to-middle-size state), you must pay strict attention to business, be true to your word, be economical in expenditure and love the people'."  (tr.  Muller )
Question: In between Selvaraghavan and John Griffith Wray who worked on  "Anna Christie" (1923)?

Anna Christie is a 1930 German-language film adapted from the Eugene O'Neill play of the same title and filmed following the release of the English-language original version of the same adaptation earlier the same year.  Both versions feature leading actress Greta Garbo.  In the early years of sound films, Hollywood studios produced foreign-language versions of some of their films using the same sets and sometimes the same costumes, with native speakers of the language usually replacing some or all of the original cast.  While many of those versions no longer exist, the German-language version of "Anna Christie" survives. <SEP> George F. Marion Sr. ((1860--) 16, 1860 – (1945--) 30, 1945 ) was an American stage actor and director, a film actor and director of two silent films.  George F. Marion, who was born in San Francisco, California was father of writer George Marion Jr. and he died of a heart attack at the age of 85 years in Carmel, California, United States.  Marion acted in 35 films between years 1915 and 1935.  He is best remembered for playing the father Chris Christopherson to the Broadway production of "Anna Christie" of Pauline Lord (1921 Broadway) and the two film versions of "Anna Christie" of Blanche Sweet (1923 silent) and Greta Garbo (1930 talkie).  His son George Marion, Jr. was a famous Hollywood screenwriter. <SEP> John Griffith Wray (August 30, 1881 – July 15, 1929) was an American stage actor and director who later became a noted Hollywood silent film director.  He worked on 19 films between 1913 and 1929 that included "Anna Christie" (1923) and "Human Wreckage" (1923), Dorothy Davenport's story about her husband Wallace Reid's drug addiction and death. <SEP>  After writing the script for his father's directorial venture "Thulluvadho Ilamai" (2002), Selvaraghavan went on to make a series of romantic drama films with "Kadhal Kondein" (2003) and "7G Rainbow/Brundavan Colony" (2004) before also venturing to make coming-of-age films "Pudhupettai" (2006) and "Mayakkam Enna" (2011).  He has also ventured into making science fiction and fantasy films, such as depicting a fantasy Chola kingdom in "Aayirathil Oruvan" (2010) and a parallel universe in "Irandam Ulagam" (2013). Selvaraghavan (credited as Sri Raghava in Telugu cinema) is an Indian film director and screenwriter who has directed predominantly Tamil language films.
Question: The 42nd president of the United States had which Secretary of Labor for his term until 1997?

The first inauguration of Bill Clinton as the 42nd President of the United States was held on Wednesday, January 20, 1993 on the West Front of the United States Capitol Building in Washington, D.C..  The inauguration marked the commencement of the first four-year term of Bill Clinton as President and Al Gore as Vice President.  At of age time of his first inauguration, Clinton was the third-youngest person to become president, and the first from the Baby Boomer generation. <SEP> William Jefferson Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III; August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.  Prior to the presidency, he was the Governor of Arkansas during two separate terms, from 1979 to 1981, and again from 1983 to 1992.  Before that, he served as Arkansas attorney general, from 1977 to 1979.  A member of the Democratic Party, Clinton was ideologically a New Democrat and many of his policies reflected a centrist "Third Way" political philosophy. <SEP> Robert Bernard Reich ( ; born June 24, 1946) is an American political commentator, professor, and author.  He served in the administrations of Presidents Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter and was Secretary of Labor under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997. <SEP> Bill Clinton was the 42nd President of the United States, serving from 1993 to 2001.  After he left office, he continued to be active in the public sphere, touring the world, writing books, and campaigning for Democrats, including his wife, Hillary Clinton, who served as the junior US Senator from New York between 2001 and 2009 and the 67th United States Secretary of State between 2009 and 2013 on her presidential campaigns in 2008, in which she was runner-up, and in 2016, when she lost the election to Donald Trump.
Question: Which city has more population, Shihezi or Yinchuan?

 It has an area of 4467 sqkm and a total population of 1.99 million. Yinchuan is the capital of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, and historically it was the former capital of the Western Xia Empire of the Tanguts.  Its built up area is home to 1,290,170 inhabitants spread on three urban districts.  The name of the city literally means "silver river". <SEP> Shizuishan () is a prefecture-level city and is the northernmost and, by population, the second-largest (after the regional capital of Yinchuan) city in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and is bordered on all sides except the south by Inner Mongolia.  It also sits on the western (left) bank of the Yellow River. <SEP> Xinhe () is a county of southern Hebei province, China, located on the Fuyang River (滏阳河), which is part of the Hai River watershed.  It is under the administration of Xingtai City, with a population of 170,000 residing in an area of 366 km2 .  The county is served by G20 Qingdao–Yinchuan Expressway and China National Highway 308. <SEP> Shihezi (; ) is a sub-prefecture-level city in northern Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.  It has a population of 380,130 according to the 2010 census.
Question:  Some Type of Love is the third extended play (EP) by an American singer who which he wrote, co-produced, and performed a song as a tribute to who?

Charles Otto Puth Jr. ( ) (born December 2, 1991) is an American singer, songwriter and record producer.  He is known for his 2015 song "See You Again", which he wrote, co-produced, and performed with Wiz Khalifa for the "Furious 7" soundtrack as a tribute to Paul Walker. <SEP> Some Type of Love is the third extended play (EP) by American singer Charlie Puth.  It was released on May 1, 2015 by Atlantic Records and Artist Partner Group.  The EP produced a single, "Marvin Gaye", which featured Meghan Trainor, and was released on February 10, 2015. <SEP> Worlds Apart is the third extended play and first compilation of tracks recorded by Betty Who, an Australian pop singer.  The extended play was released in the United Kingdom on 23 June 2014.  It was the first extended play to be released in the United Kingdom.  It was released to coincide with Who's "The Hopeless Romantic Tour" which included dates in United Kingdom and the United States throughout May and June 2014. <SEP> Star in the Hood EP Vol.  2 is the third extended play (EP) by recording artist Tinchy Stryder.  It was released in July 2009 by Takeover Entertainment prior to the release of Stryder's second solo studio album, "Catch 22", which was released on 17 August 2009.  The EP is the second of a two-part free downloadable EP.  Its cover art is a photo with a tribute to Michael Jackson and was made during the "Catch 22" promo shoot.
Question: Who illustrated John Lustig's portrayal of the fictional family of cartoon ducks?

 Lustig's scripts have been illustrated by William Van Horn and other artists. John Lustig (born January 25, 1953) is an American comics writer and former journalist, principally known for his comic book scripts featuring Donald Duck and other members of Disney's Duck family.  In addition, Lustig has written Mickey Mouse scripts that have been drawn by Noel Van Horn (William's son) and others.  His first script was for Gold Key Comics ("Flatfood Duck" "Daffy Duck" #112 [Dec. 1977]), done just after graduating from college (it would be a decade before he wrote any other comics). <SEP> Cartoon pornography is the portrayal of illustrated or animated fictional cartoon characters in erotic or sexual situations.  Animated cartoon pornography or erotic animation is a subset of the larger field of adult animation, not all of which is sexually explicit. <SEP>  The family is also related to the Coot, Goose, and Gander families, as well as the Scottish Clan McDuck. The Duck family is a fictional family of cartoon ducks related to Disney character Donald Duck.  Besides Donald, the best-known members of the Duck family are Huey, Dewey, and Louie, Donald's three nephews. <SEP> The Clan McDuck is a fictional Scottish clan of cartoon ducks from which Disney character Scrooge McDuck is descended.  Within the Donald Duck universe, the clan is related to the American Duck family through the marriage of Hortense McDuck and Quackmore Duck, Donald's parents.
Question: Zephaniah Williams was a campaigner of a movement that took its name from what?

R v Williams (1913) 8 Cr App R 133 (known as the Case of the Hooded Man and the Eastbourne Murder) was a 1912 murder in England that took its name from the hood the defendant, John Williams, wore when travelling to and from court.  After the murder of a police inspector in Eastbourne, with no witnesses and little forensic evidence, Edgar Power, a former medical student, told the police that his friend John Williams had committed the murder.  Power helped the police conduct a sting operation to catch Williams; police also interrogated Williams's girlfriend Florence Seymour, who then confessed to having helped Williams hide the murder weapon. <SEP>  It took its name from the People's Charter of 1838 and was a national protest movement, with particular strongholds of support in Northern England, the East Midlands, the Staffordshire Potteries, the Black Country, and the South Wales Valleys.  Support for the movement was at its highest in 1839, 1842, and 1848, when petitions signed by millions of working people were presented to the House of Commons.  The strategy employed was to use the scale of support which these petitions and the accompanying mass meetings demonstrated to put pressure on politicians to concede manhood suffrage. Chartism was a working-class movement for political reform in Britain that existed from 1838 to 1857.  Chartism thus relied on constitutional methods to secure its aims, though there were some who became involved in insurrectionary activities, notably in south Wales and in Yorkshire. <SEP> Zephaniah Swift Moore (November 20, 1770 – June 29, 1823) was an American Congregational clergyman and educator.  He taught at Dartmouth College during the early 1810s and had a house built in Hanover, New Hampshire that now serves as Dartmouth's Blunt Alumni Center.  He served as the President of Williams College between 1815 and 1821 and the first President of Amherst College between 1821 and 1823.  He is most famous for abandoning Williams in order to found Amherst, taking some of the faculty and 15 students with him.  Supposedly, he also took portions of the Williams College library with him.  Though plausible, this account is unsubstantiated, and was declared false in 1995 by Williams College President Harry C. Payne.  Moore died two years after Amherst was founded, and was succeeded by Heman Humphrey, a trustee of Williams College.  His departure from Williams established the foundation for the intense Williams-Amherst rivalry that persists to the present.  To this day, he is regarded with a measure of derision on the Williams campus. <SEP>  Found guilty of high treason, he was condemned to death, but his sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in today’s Tasmania. Zephaniah Williams (1795 – 8 May 1874) was a Welsh coal miner and Chartist campaigner, who was one of the leaders of the Newport Rising of 1839.  Eventually he was pardoned, and his discovery of coal on that island earned him a fortune.
Question: Whose 1984 murder spawned the founding of the LGBT organization EqualityMaine?

KAOS GL, short for Kaos Gay and Lesbian Cultural Research and Solidarity Association (Turkish: "Kaos Gey ve Lezbiyen Kültürel Araştırmalar ve Dayanışma Derneği" ), founded in 1994, is one of the oldest and largest LGBT rights organisations in Turkey.  In 2005, the Ankara-based organisation became the first Turkish LGBT organization to be legally registered as an association, after their application was initially appealed by deputy governor of Ankara.  The organisation has been publishing the journal "KAOS GL" (now a quarterly publication) since its founding.  The group operates the KAOS Cultural Center, which hosts cultural activities, meetings, and showings of films.  The center also houses a LGBT history library. <SEP>  Founded in 1984 after the murder of Charlie Howard, it is the oldest and largest lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) organization in the state.  In 2008, they were a primary opponent of an attempt to revoke an anti-discrimination law in Maine.  In 2009, EqualityMaine was one of the main supporters of a push to recognize same-sex marriage in Maine. EqualityMaine (formerly the Maine Lesbian/Gay Political Alliance) is a political advocacy organization in Maine, United States. <SEP> Denise Morelle (3 December 1926 in Montreal – 17 July 1984 in Montreal) was a Quebec actress whose 1984 murder was a significant media event in Quebec. <SEP>  As Howard and a male companion, Roy Ogden, were walking down the street, three teenagers, Shawn I. Mabry, age 16, James Francis Baines, age 15, and Daniel Ness, age 17, harassed and assaulted Howard for being gay.  The youths chased the pair, yelling homophobic epithets, until they caught Howard and threw him over the State Street Bridge into the Kenduskeag Stream, despite his pleas that he could not swim. Charles O. Howard (January 31, 1961 – July 7, 1984) was an American murder victim in Bangor, Maine in 1984.  He drowned, but his friend escaped and pulled a fire alarm.  Charlie Howard's body was found by rescue workers several hours later.
Question: Who is the lead singer and guitarist of alternative rock band The Dandy, is it Jaret Reddick or Courtney Taylor-Taylor?

The Dandy Warhols are an American alternative rock band, formed in Portland, Oregon in 1994 by singer-guitarist Courtney Taylor-Taylor and guitarist Peter Holmström.  They were joined by keyboardist Zia McCabe and drummer Eric Hedford.  Hedford left in 1998 and was replaced by Taylor-Taylor's cousin Brent DeBoer.  The band's name is a play on the name of American pop artist Andy Warhol. <SEP>  He is the lead singer and guitarist of alternative rock band The Dandy Warhols, a band he co-founded.  Taylor-Taylor has written the majority of the band's songs. Courtney A. Taylor (born July 20, 1967), known as Courtney Taylor-Taylor, is an American singer-songwriter from Portland, Oregon. <SEP>  He plays a Music Man Axis that has a flag of Texas design on it. Jaret Ray Reddick (born March 6, 1972) is an American musician, singer, songwriter, composer, podcaster, actor and voice actor, best known as the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, and primary songwriter for the rock band Bowling for Soup. <SEP> Andy Skib (born November 9, 1985, San Diego, California) is the lead singer of the rock band Midwest Kings (MWK).  He spent most of 2009 on the Declaration Tour with "American Idol" season seven winner David Cook.  Skib has previously co-written songs with former David Cook bandmate Neal Tiemann, who also served as lead guitarist for their band, Midwest Kings (MWK).  Additionally, he has co-written songs with artists Zac Maloy (The Nixons), Hanson, Graham Colton, and Jaret Reddick (Bowling for Soup).  Skib is also known for his most recent solo project, To Have Heroes.  Skib is a member of David Cook's band, The Anthemic, providing rhythm guitar, keyboards and backup vocals.  Skib and the rest of The Anthemic worked on Cook's second album for 19/RCA Records.  The album, entitled "This Loud Morning", was released on June 28, 2011.
Question: Sean O’Neal starred on which video game that was noted for its advanced interaction with its game environment?

Euphoria is a game animation engine created by NaturalMotion based on Dynamic Motion Synthesis, NaturalMotion's proprietary technology for animating 3D characters on-the-fly "based on a full simulation of the 3D character, including body, muscles and motor nervous system".  Instead of using predefined animations, the characters' actions and reactions are synthesized in real-time; they are different every time, even when replaying the same scene.  While it is common for current video games to use limp "ragdolls" for animations generated on the fly, Euphoria employs a more complex method to animate the entirety of physically bound objects within the game environment.  The engine was to be used in an Indiana Jones game that has since been cancelled.  According to its web site, Euphoria runs on the Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, Xbox One, iOS and Android platforms and is compatible with all commercial physics engines. <SEP>  He is best known for portraying Sam Anders in the television show "Clarissa Explains It All".  O'Neal appeared in the popular long-running French comedy theater show, "Au théâtre ce soir" as Monsieur Bennett at the age of 5 long before he worked on Clarissa. Sean O’Neal (born November 29, 1977) is an American actor.  After Clarissa, he also starred in some TV series such as Development Hell and Penumbra. <SEP> A game integrated development environment (game IDE or game environment) is a specialized integrated development environment for creating video games.  The features one provides depends on the type and the granularity of control allowed by the underlying framework.  Some may provide diagrams, a windowing environment and debugging facilities.  Users build the game with the game IDE, which may incorporate a game engine or call it externally.  Game IDEs are typically specialized and tailored to work with one specific game engine. <SEP> Penumbra is the name of an episodic survival horror video game series developed by Frictional Games and published by Paradox Interactive and Lexicon Entertainment.  The games use the HPL Engine 1, initially developed as a tech demo.  "Penumbra" is notable for its horror styling and for allowing advanced physical interaction with the game environment.
Question: In what country did Nikolaus Harnoncourt conduct a concert in 2001 and 2003?

Kurt Equiluz (born 13 June 1929 in Vienna) is an Austrian classical tenor in opera and concert, known for recording works of Johann Sebastian Bach with Nikolaus Harnoncourt and Helmuth Rilling, a member of the Vienna State Opera as a tenor buffo from 1957 until 1983. <SEP>  Starting out as a classical cellist, he founded his own period instrument ensemble, Concentus Musicus Wien, in the 1950s, and became a pioneer of the Early Music movement. Nikolaus Harnoncourt (Johann Nikolaus Graf [Count] de la Fontaine und d’Harnoncourt-Unverzagt; 6 December 1929 – 5 March 2016) was an Austrian conductor, particularly known for his historically informed performances of music from the Classical era and earlier.  Around 1970, Harnoncourt started to conduct opera and concert performances, soon leading renowned international symphony orchestras, and appearing at leading concert halls, operatic venues and festivals.  His repertoire then widened to include composers of the 19th and 20th centuries.  In 2001 and 2003, he conducted the Vienna New Year's Concert.  Harnoncourt was also the author of several books, mostly on subjects of performance history and musical aesthetics. <SEP>  It is broadcast live around the world to an estimated audience of more than 50 million in 73 countries in 2012 and 93 countries in 2017. The Vienna New Year's Concert (Neujahrskonzert der Wiener Philharmoniker ) is a concert of classical music performed by the Vienna Philharmonic that takes place each year in the morning of New Year's Day in Vienna, Austria and is regarded by many as the most important classical concert worldwide. <SEP> Rotraud Hansmann (born 1 March 1940) is an Austrian soprano in opera and concert.  She was a singer in the recordings by Nikolaus Harnoncourt which began historically informed performances, such as Monteverdi's operas and works by Johann Sebastian Bach.  She was a teacher at the University of Music and Performing Arts, Vienna.
Question: Which Sash! discography single featured the English singer born George Alan O'Dowd?

Boy George (born George Alan O'Dowd; 14 June 1961) is an English singer, songwriter, DJ, fashion designer and photographer.  He is the lead singer of the Grammy and Brit Award-winning pop band Culture Club.  At the height of the band's fame, during the 1980s, they recorded global hit songs such as "Do You Really Want to Hurt Me", "Time (Clock of the Heart)" and "Karma Chameleon" and George is known for his soulful voice and androgynous appearance.  He was part of the English New Romantic movement which emerged in the late 1970s to the early 1980s. <SEP> George Alan Saville (born 1 June 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for English Championship club Millwall.  Saville began his senior career with Chelsea but did not make a first team appearance.  His first professional games came on loan at Millwall and Brentford respectively.  George is the younger brother of fellow Chelsea youth product Jack Saville.  . <SEP> The discography of Sash! , a German DJ.  In 1996, Sash!  released "It's My Life", which became a European club hit.  In 1997, with Sabine Ohmes as the singer, Sash!  released "Encore Une Fois" which reached number two in the UK Singles Chart, as well as reaching the top 10 in many other countries.  Follow-up singles "Ecuador" and "Stay", both also reached number two in the UK.  In 1998, Sash!  released the first single from his second album, "La Primavera", which reached number three, "Mysterious Times", which reached number two, and "Move Mania".  The following year, "Colour The World" reached number fifteen.  In 2000, "Adelante" was released from the new album "Trilenium", and it reached number two.  "Just Around The Hill" and "With My Own Eyes", were also released in that year. " Together Again" was the last single from the album, but was only released in Spain and Denmark.  In 2002, Sash! , which produced the singles "Ganbareh", "Run" (which featured Boy George), and "I Believe" (which had the vocals of TJ Davis).  In 2007, Sash!  released an album called "10th Anniversary" which reached number nine on the UK Album Chart.  released his fourth album "S4 Sash!"  In 2008 Sash!  released "Raindrops (Encore Une Fois)", a collaboration with Stunt, and it reached number nine in the UK. <SEP> Tina Cousins (born 20 April 1974) is an English singer, songwriter and former model.  She has had five singles in the Top 20 of the UK Singles Chart, both as a solo artist and in collaboration with others, including "Mysterious Times" with Sash! , which reached number 2 in the UK in 1998.  She has also achieved popularity in several other countries, including four Top 30 hits in Sweden, six Top 30 hits in Australia and seven Top 20 hits in Finland.  Her other hit singles include "Pray" (1998), "Killin' Time" (1999), "Forever" (1999), "Just Around the Hill" with Sash!  (2000) and "Wonderful Life" (2005).
Question: Geoff Knorr worked on several video game titles, including what turn-based 4X video game that was developed by Firaxis Games?

Geoff Knorr (born 13 June 1985) is an American composer, orchestrator, and sound designer.  He has worked on video game titles such as "Civilization V", "", "Civilization VI", "Galactic Civilizations III", and "Ashes of the Singularity". <SEP>  "Civilization VI" was developed by Firaxis Games, published by 2K Games, and distributed by Take-Two Interactive. Sid Meier's Civilization VI is a turn-based 4X video game and the sixth main title in the "Civilization" series.  The game was released on October 21, 2016 for Microsoft Windows and on October 24, 2016 for OS X.  A port for Linux was released on February 9, 2017. <SEP> Gamebryo is a game engine.  Gamebryo 3D and LightSpeed engines are owned by Gamebase Co., Ltd. and Gamebase USA and have been used by several video game developers including Atlus, Trion Worlds, 2K Games, Disney, Ubisoft, Bethesda Softworks, Firaxis Games, Tencent, Sony, Shanda, NCsoft, Rockstar Games and KingsIsle Entertainment for numerous cross-platform game titles. <SEP> Sid Meier's Starships is a turn-based strategy video game developed by Firaxis Games and published by 2K Games.  It was released on March 12, 2015 for Microsoft Windows, OS X, and iOS.  The game is a stand-alone title but shares the same universe as "", putting the player in control of a fleet of space-faring craft.  The player will use the fleet to explore the galaxy, meeting other human and alien forces, and dealing with problems through a combination of military, diplomatic, and other strategic options.  Spacecraft in the fleet can be highly customized for meeting certain goals.  The game features cross-connectivity features with "Beyond Earth" for those that own both titles.
Question: The Spokane and Inland Empire Railroad Company later merged into a United States-based company formed from a merger of four what?

 was an electrified interurban railway operating in Spokane, Washington and vicinity, extending into northern and central Idaho. The Spokane and Inland Empire Railroad Company (S.&I.E.R.R.Co.)  The system originated in several predecessor roads beginning c. 1890, incorporated in 1904, and ran under its own name to 1929.  It merged into the Great Northern Railway and later, the Burlington Northern Railroad, which operated some roads into the 1980s. <SEP> The Burlington Northern Railroad (reporting mark BN) was a United States-based railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads.  Burlington Northern operated between 1970 and 1996. <SEP> The Syracuse, Ontario and New York Railway was founded in 1883 and had a line that ran between Syracuse, New York and Earlville, New York, a distance of 45.5 mi .  The company formed from the Syracuse, Chenango and New York Railroad Company.  Beginning on July 1, 1890 it operated as the Chenango County, New York branch of the West Shore Railroad.  On April 2, 1891, the railroad and property of the Syracuse Ontario and New York Railway Company were formally leased, for the term of its corporate existence, to the West Shore Railroad Company on June 30, 1891.  Later, ownership was transferred to the New York Central Railroad (NYCRR). <SEP> The South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company was chartered under act of the South Carolina General Assembly of December 19, 1827.  The company operated its first 6 mi line west from Charleston, South Carolina in 1830.  The railroad ran scheduled steam service over its 136 mi line from Charleston, South Carolina, to Hamburg, South Carolina, beginning in 1833.  Some sources referred to the railroad informally as the "Charleston and Hamburg Railroad", a reference to its end points, but that was never its legal name.  In 1839, The Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad Company, which had built no track of its own, gained stock control of The South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company, which continued to operate under that name.  In 1844, The South Carolina Canal and Rail Road Company merged with The Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad Company.  The merged company changed its name to South Carolina Railroad Company under an act of the South Carolina legislature dated December 19, 1843.
Question: Which single-runway airport in Maine was where Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 crashed short of the runway?

 On final approach to Auburn/Lewiston Municipal Airport, the Bar Harbor Airlines Beechcraft Model 99 crashed short of the runway, killing all six passengers and two crew on board. Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808 was a scheduled flight from Logan International Airport to Bangor International Airport in the United States on August 25, 1985.  Among the passengers was Samantha Smith, a thirteen-year-old American schoolgirl who had become famous as a "Goodwill Ambassador" to the Soviet Union and who had been cast on the television show "Lime Street". <SEP> Bar Harbor is a town on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County, Maine, United States.  As of the 2010 census, its population is 5,235.  Bar Harbor is a popular tourist destination in the Down East region of Maine and home to the College of the Atlantic, Jackson Laboratory, and MDI Biological Laboratory (Salisbury Cove village).  Prior to a catastrophic 1947 fire, the town was a famous summer colony for the super-affluent elite.  Bar Harbor is home to the largest parts of Acadia National Park, including Cadillac Mountain, the highest point within twenty-five miles (40 km) of the coastline of the Eastern United States.  The town is served by the Hancock County-Bar Harbor Airport, which has flights on Cape Air and PenAir to Boston, as well as seasonal flights to Newark and Portland, ME on Elite Airways. <SEP> Bar Harbor Airlines was a United States commuter airline headquartered at Bar Harbor Airport in Trenton, Maine, and later in Houston, Texas. <SEP>  Owned and operated by the City of Bangor, the airport has a single runway measuring 11440 by .  Formerly a military installation known as Dow Air Force Base, Bangor International Airport remains home to the 101st Air Refueling Wing of the Maine Air National Guard, although most of the Air Force's aircraft and personnel left in the late 1960s.  BGR covers 2,079 acres (841 ha) of land. Bangor International Airport (IATA: BGR, ICAO: KBGR, FAA LID: BGR) is a joint civil-military public airport on the west side of the city of Bangor, in Penobscot County, Maine, United States.
Question: What plucked string instrument is associated with the singing of Shabad from the Guru Granth Sahib?

Sikh music or Shabad kirtan is Kirtan-style singing of hymns or Shabad from the Guru Granth Sahib, the central text of Sikhism. <SEP> The Mul Mantar (Punjabi: ਮੂਲ ਮੰਤਰ , "Mūl Maṃtar ", pronounced Mool Mantar) is the first composition in the Sikh holy text and Great Living Guru, the Guru Granth Sahib, written in Punjabi.  It is a series of affirmations and is the basis of Sikh theology, as well as the fundamental prayer.  The Mul Mantar is the first composition of Guru Nanak Dev Ji.  The Guru Granth Sahib begins with the Mul Mantar and it occurs more than one hundred times throughout the text where it is placed at the beginning of the particular Shabad.  Bhai Mani Singh explains that the reason for placing the Mul Mantar at the beginning of a Shabad is that a Gursikh (Guru's Sikh) should remember that everything else will eventually be annihilated and only the Satnam (All-pervading Supreme Reality) will remain.  It can be considered as the moral or the sole truth of the universe.  The Mul Mantar is the most widely known part of Sikh scripture but it has posed a challenge to translators. <SEP>  Today it is most associated with Sikh music. The Seni rebab (Punjabi: ਸੇਨੀ ਰੱਬਾਬ) is a plucked string instrument said to have been developed by, and to have taken its name from, the notable musician Tansen in the time of the emperor Akbar the Great. <SEP> Sahej Paath or Sadharan Paath or even "Khula Paath" literally means easy or simple recitation.  It is a Paath (recitation) which can started and ended at any time; with as many or as few people participating as desired.  The recitation of the Sri Guru Granth Sahib is started at the beginning of the Granth Sahib and the whole of the 1430 pages of the Guru Granth is read in a slow fashion over from 7 days to in some case over several months.  It is a slow and non-regular, non-urgent reading of the whole of the Guru Granth Sahib.
Question: Which Danish-British comedian hosted a television panel game that had Dave Gorman and Tim Brooke-Taylor for team captains in the first series?

How to Irritate People is a 1968 television broadcast written by John Cleese, Graham Chapman, Marty Feldman and Tim Brooke-Taylor.  Cleese, Chapman, and Brooke-Taylor also feature in it, along with future Monty Python collaborators Michael Palin and Connie Booth. <SEP>  is a television panel game hosted by Sandi Toksvig. What the Dickens?  Team captains were Dave Gorman and Tim Brooke-Taylor for the first series and Sue Perkins and Chris Addison for the second and third.  It was recorded at Sky Studios in West London. <SEP> Sandra Birgitte "Sandi" Toksvig OBE ( , ] ; born 3 May 1958) is a Danish-British comedian, writer, actor, presenter and producer on British radio and television, and political activist. <SEP> Was It Something I Said?  is a British comedy panel game show that was broadcast on Channel 4, presented by David Mitchell and featuring team captains Richard Ayoade and Micky Flanagan.  Celebrity guest narrators appeared in each episode and, for the first series, narrators included David Harewood, Phil Daniels, Charles Dance and Mariella Frostrup.