winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Guelphs and Ghibellines supported the Pope during which time frame?

The Italian city-states were a political phenomenon of small independent states mostly in the central and northern Italian peninsula between the 9th and 15th centuries. <SEP> The Battle of Campaldino was a battle between the Guelphs and Ghibellines on 11 June 1289.  Mixed bands of pro-papal Guelf forces of Florence and allies, Pistoia, Lucca, Siena and Prato, all loosely commanded by the paid "condottiero" Amerigo di Narbona with his own professional following, met a Ghibelline force from Arezzo including the perhaps reluctant bishop, Guglielmino degli Ubertini, in the plain of Campaldino, which leads from Pratovecchio to Poppi, part of the Tuscan countryside along the upper Arno called the Casentino.  One of the combatants on the Guelph side was Dante Alighieri, twenty-four years old at the time. <SEP> The Guelphs and Ghibellines ( ; , also , ; Italian: "guelfi e ghibellini" ] ) were factions supporting the Pope and the Holy Roman Emperor, respectively, in the Italian city-states of central and northern Italy.  During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties formed a particularly important aspect of the internal politics of medieval Italy.  The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire had arisen with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.  The division between the Guelphs and Ghibellines in Italy, however, persisted until the 15th century. <SEP> The election which took place around the death of Pope Gregory IX on August 22, 1241, was a particularly stressful one.  There were military operations, both inside and outside the City of Rome, towns and properties were destroyed, Guelphs and Ghibellines warred against each other, and two of the cardinals were captured in battle and were held prisoner by the Emperor Frederick II.  When the electoral meeting began, only ten of the twelve cardinals participated.  The cardinals were tightly confined, on orders of the Senator of Rome, Matteo Rosso Orsini, and during that conclave one cardinal died.  After seven weeks of deadlocked negotiations in the summer heat of Rome, the cardinals finally managed to produce the required two-thirds majority on October 25 for Cardinal Goffredo Castiglione, who chose the name Celestine IV.  Pope Celestine was never crowned.  It is also said that he was never consecrated, which is pointless, since he was already a bishop, and that he never issued a bull, which is contested.  He died, old and ill, only seventeen days after his election, on November 10, 1241.
Question: In which district of the Badakhshan Province is the settlement located which is famous for its ancient mines, which produce a deep blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color, and are said to produce the world's finest of this stone?

Sar-i Sang (or Sar-e Sang) is a settlement in the Kuran Wa Munjan District of Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan, famous for its ancient lapis lazuli mines producing the world's finest lapis. <SEP> Azurite is a soft, deep blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits.  It is also known as Chessylite after the type locality at Chessy-les-Mines near Lyon, France.  The mineral, a carbonate, has been known since ancient times, and was mentioned in Pliny the Elder's Natural History under the Greek name "kuanos" (κυανός: "deep blue," root of English "cyan") and the Latin name "caeruleum".  The blue of azurite is exceptionally deep and clear, and for that reason the mineral has tended to be associated since antiquity with the deep blue color of low-humidity desert and winter skies.  The modern English name of the mineral reflects this association, since both "azurite" and "azure" are derived via Arabic from the Persian "lazhward" (لاژورد), an area known for its deposits of another deep blue stone, lapis lazuli ("stone of azure"). <SEP> Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism.  It is the finest grained foliated metamorphic rock.  Foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering, but instead is in planes perpendicular to the direction of metamorphic compression. <SEP>  As early as the 7th millennium BC, lapis lazuli was mined in the Sar-i Sang mines, in Shortugai, and in other mines in Badakhshan province in northeast Afghanistan.  Lapis was highly valued by the Indus Valley Civilisation (3300–1900 BC).  Lapis beads have been found at Neolithic burials in Mehrgarh, the Caucasus, and even as far from Afghanistan as Mauritania. Lapis lazuli ( , ), or lapis for short, is a deep blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.  It was used in the funeral mask of Tutankhamun (1341–1323 BC).
Question: Where did Republican John W. Griggs who defeated Democratic nominee Alexander T. McGill with 52.28% of the vote reside after the election?

The Governor of the State of New Jersey is head of the executive branch of New Jersey's state government.  The official residence for the governor is Drumthwacket, a mansion located in Princeton, New Jersey; the office of the governor is at the New Jersey State House in Trenton.  The office of governor is an elected position, for which elected officials serve four-year terms.  Governors cannot be elected to more than two "consecutive" terms, but there is no limit on the total number of terms they may serve. <SEP>  Republican John W. Griggs defeated Democratic nominee Alexander T. McGill with 52.28% of the vote. The New Jersey gubernatorial election of 1895 was a race for Governor of New Jersey held on November 5, 1895. <SEP> The Vermont gubernatorial election of 1869 took place on September 7, 1869.  Incumbent Republican John B. Page, per the "Mountain Rule", did not run for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont.  Republican candidate Peter T. Washburn defeated Democratic candidate Homer W. Heaton to succeed him.  The 1869 election was the final time the Governor of Vermont was elected for a one-year term, changing to a two-year term at the 1870 election. <SEP> The New Jersey gubernatorial election of 1856 was a race for Governor of New Jersey held on November 4, 1856.  Republican William A. Newell defeated Democratic nominee William Cowper Alexander with 51.29% of the vote.
Question: When was the write of the score for the nutcracker honored by Emperor Alexander III?

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky ( ; Russian: Пётр Ильи́ч Чайко́вский ; 25 April/7 May 1840 – 25 October/6 November 1893), often anglicized as Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky, was a Russian composer of the romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular music in the classical repertoire.  Tchaikovsky was honored in 1884, by Emperor Alexander III, and awarded a lifetime pension.  He was the first Russian composer whose music made a lasting impression internationally, bolstered by his appearances as a guest conductor in Europe and the United States. <SEP> Maria Alexandrovna (Russian: Мария Александровна ), born Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine (8 August 1824 – 3 June 1880) was Empress consort of Russia as the first wife of Emperor Alexander II.  She was the mother of Emperor Alexander III. <SEP>  The libretto is adapted from E. T. A. Hoffmann's story "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King", by way of Alexandre Dumas' adapted story "The Nutcracker".  It was given its premiere at the Mariinsky Theatre in Saint Petersburg on Sunday, December 18, 1892, on a double-bill with Tchaikovsky's opera "Iolanta". The Nutcracker (Russian: Щелкунчик, Балет-феерия / "Shchelkunchik, Balet-feyeriya"    ; French: "Casse-Noisette, ballet-féerie" ) is a two-act ballet, originally choreographed by Marius Petipa and Lev Ivanov with a score by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (op. 71). <SEP> Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia (later Duchess of Edinburgh and Duchess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha; Russian: Мария Александровна ; 17 October [O.S. 5 October] 1853 – 24 October 1920) was the fifth child and only surviving daughter of Emperor Alexander II of Russia and his first wife Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine.  She was the younger sister of Emperor Alexander III of Russia and the paternal aunt of Russia's last Emperor, Nicholas II.
Question: Were both Curt Smith and Mickey Thomas musicians?

Everybody Loves a Happy Ending is the sixth studio album by the British pop-rock band Tears for Fears, released on 14 September 2004 in the US, and 7 March 2005 in the UK and Europe.  It was released some nine years after the previous Tears for Fears studio album, "Raoul and the Kings of Spain" (1995), and was the first album featuring both original bandmembers Roland Orzabal and Curt Smith together since 1989's "The Seeds of Love". <SEP>  He is best known for forming the band Tears for Fears, along with childhood friend Roland Orzabal. Curt Smith (born 24 June 1961) is an English musician.  As a solo artist, he has released four solo albums. <SEP> Loveless Fascination is the fourth album by Starship.  As the first album of new material released by the band since 1989's "Love Among the Cannibals", this is the first album by the band to feature only Mickey Thomas from the band's original line-up; as well as the only album by the band to feature any of the featured members' other than Thomas himself. <SEP> John Michael "Mickey" Thomas (born December 3, 1949) is an American rock singer, best known as one of the lead vocalists of Jefferson Starship and Starship.
Question: What Kansas county seat is the unincorporated community of Kalvesta, Kansas near to?

Saffold is an unincorporated community in Early County, Georgia, United States.  Its western boundary is the Chattahoochee River also bordering Gordon, Alabama.  U.S Route 84 and SR 370 pass through the community.  It is the only unincorporated city on U.S Route 84 that is near a smaller city.  It is located 20 miles south of Blakely, 21 miles northeast of Dothan, Alabama, five miles south of the Georgia-Pacific Cedar Springs Operations, and two miles northwest of Jakin.  It is a small unincorporated community near the Alabama state line.  At the Georgia state line, U.S Route 84 starts and ends with Saffold the only unincorporated community on the route.  Georgia State Route 370 is the first and last state route for SR 62 and U.S. Route 84.  In Christmas of 2015, a flood struck Saffold, Gordon, Hilton and Columbia, Alabama. <SEP> Cimarron is a city in and the county seat of Gray County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2010 census, the city population was 2,184. <SEP>  Kalvesta is located on K-156, 18 mi north-northeast of Cimarron. Kalvesta is an unincorporated community in Finney County, Kansas, United States. <SEP> Hedville is an unincorporated community in northern Ohio Township, Saline County, Kansas, United States.  It lies along Hedville Road and a Kansas and Oklahoma Railroad line, 1.0 mi south of Interstate 70, northwest of the city of Salina, the county seat of Saline County.  Mulberry Creek flows through the community.  Its elevation is 1,270 feet (387 m), and it is located at (38.8627816, -97.7614282).  As a part of Saline County, Hedville is a part of the Salina micropolitan area.
Question: The Pratt & Whitney J58 was a jet engine that powered a long-range, Mach 3+ strategic reconnaissance aircraft operated by who?

Turbine Fuel, Low Volatility, JP-7, commonly known as JP-7, was referred to as Jet Propellant 7, to MIL-DTL-38219 is a specific jet fuel that was developed for the United States Air Force (USAF), for use in its supersonic military aircraft that required a jet fuel with a high flash point, and high thermal stability.  JP-7 is the fuel that was developed, which was required by the Pratt & Whitney J58 (JT11D-20) turbojet engines, which was used primarily in the now retired Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird.  During flight, the SR-71 could attain speeds in excess of Mach 3+, which was the most efficient cruising speed for the J58 engines.  However, very high skin temperatures are generated at this speed due to friction with the air.  A new jet fuel was needed that was not affected by the heat, so JP-7 jet fuel was developed for this purpose. <SEP>  The J58 was a single-spool turbojet with an afterburner.  It had a unique bleed from the compressor to the afterburner which gave increased thrust at high speeds. The Pratt & Whitney J58 (company designation JT11D-20) was a jet engine that powered the Lockheed A-12, and subsequently the YF-12 and the SR-71 aircraft.  This feature caused it to be referred to as a turboramjet in some writings.  It delivered 25,000 pound-force (110 kN) of thrust without afterburner (dry) and 34,000 (150 kN) with afterburner (wet). <SEP>  It was developed as a black project from the Lockheed A-12 reconnaissance aircraft in the 1960s by Lockheed and its Skunk Works division.  American aerospace engineer Clarence "Kelly" Johnson was responsible for many of the design's innovative concepts.  During aerial reconnaissance missions, the SR-71 operated at high speeds and altitudes to allow it to outrace threats. The Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" is a long-range, Mach 3+ strategic reconnaissance aircraft that was operated by the United States Air Force.  If a surface-to-air missile launch was detected, the standard evasive action was simply to accelerate and outfly the missile.  The SR-71 was designed with a reduced radar cross-section. <SEP> The Martin P4M Mercator was a maritime reconnaissance aircraft built by the Glenn L. Martin Company.  The Mercator was an unsuccessful contender for a United States Navy requirement for a long-range maritime patrol bomber, with the Lockheed P2V Neptune chosen instead.  It saw a limited life as a long-range electronic reconnaissance aircraft.  Its most unusual feature was that it was powered by a combination of piston engines and turbojets, the latter being in the rear of the engine nacelles.
Question: When was the Canadian band formed who's single/EP is "Looking Glass"?

Absolutely Free is a Canadian band formed by Mike Claxton, Jordan Holmes, Matt King and Moshe Rozenberg in 2011 after the breakup of their prior band DD/MM/YYYY.  The band released their debut EP "UFO/Glass Tassel" in 2012, followed by "On The Beach/Clothed Woman, Sitting" EP the next year. <SEP> Paper Rival was an indie rock band formed in late 2005 from Nashville, Tennessee.  Originally known as Keating, the band changed its name to Paper Rival in 2007 after a tour of Canada where the band was mistaken for a Canadian band who already possessed the name.  In December 2007, Paper Rival was named Spin. com's "Artist of the Day".  The band released its debut full-length album, "Dialog" on May 20, 2008.  The group cited artists Blind Lemon Jefferson, Merle Haggard and Bruce Cockburn (whose song "Pacing the Cage" was covered on their 2007 self-titled EP) as musical inspirations. <SEP>  The current lineup consists of lead vocalist Chibi, rhythm guitarist Rainbow, lead guitarist Falcore, drummer Rhim, keyboardist Owen, and bassist Nate Manor. The Birthday Massacre (abbreviated TBM) is a Canadian band, formed in 1999 in London, Ontario, and currently based in Toronto, Ontario. <SEP>  Unlike their previous single, "Red Stars", the "Looking Glass EP" is a physical release rather than a digital download available through iTunes. "Looking Glass" is a single/EP by Canadian electronic rock band The Birthday Massacre.
Question: Eugène de Rastignac is a fictional character from a series of novels by a novelist born in which year ?

Le Père Goriot (] , "Old Goriot" or "Father Goriot") is an 1835 novel by French novelist and playwright Honoré de Balzac (1799–1850), included in the "Scènes de la vie privée" section of his novel sequence "La Comédie humaine".  Set in Paris in 1819, it follows the intertwined lives of three characters: the elderly doting Goriot; a mysterious criminal-in-hiding named Vautrin; and a naive law student named Eugène de Rastignac. <SEP> Virginie Pivert de Senancour (Agathe-Eulalie-Ursule Pivert de) (1791–1876), the daughter of essayist Étienne Pivert de Senancour, was a French novelist and journalist.  She served as her father's secretary and also wrote stories for children.  Her work "La Conquêtomanie" is a satire against Napoleon.  In "Réplique à un mal avisé" she responds to certain attacks levelled against her father by Eugène de Mirecourt.  Nearly all the biographical information that exists about her father originates from her.  One such biographical episode involves the novelist George Sand, who was influenced by Obermann.  Eulalie writes that Sand, who tended to be tongue-tied with people she didn't know, sat facing the 63-year-old Senancour for 10 minutes without uttering a word before getting up and silently leaving the room. <SEP>  The novel sequence "La Comédie Humaine", which presents a panorama of post-Napoleonic French life, is generally viewed as his "magnum opus". Honoré de Balzac ( ; ] , born Honoré Balzac, 20 May 1799 – 18 August 1850) was a French novelist and playwright. <SEP> Eugène de Rastignac ] is a fictional character from "La Comédie humaine", a series of novels by Honoré de Balzac.  He appears as a main character in "Le Père Goriot" (1835), and his social advancement in the post-revolutionary French world depicted by Balzac can be followed through Rastignac's various appearances in other books of the series.
Question: Drag Me to Hell is a 2009 American supernatural horror comedy film was co-written and directed by whom?

Forget Me Not is a 2009 American supernatural horror film written and directed by Tyler Oliver.  Premiering on August 24, 2009, the film had a limited theatrical released and stars Carly Schroeder, Cody Linley, Micah Alberti, Brie Gabrielle, and Jillian Murray. <SEP> Drag Me to Hell is a 2009 American supernatural horror comedy film co-written and directed by Sam Raimi.  The plot, written with his older brother Ivan, focuses on a loan officer, who, because she has to prove to her boss that she can make the "hard decisions", chooses not to extend a gypsy woman's mortgage.  In retaliation, the woman places a curse on the loan officer that, after three days of escalating torment, will plunge her into the depths of Hell to burn for eternity. <SEP> Samuel M "Sam" Raimi ( ; born October 23, 1959) is an American film director, producer, screenwriter and actor, famous for creating the cult horror "Evil Dead" series, as well as directing the original "Spider-Man" trilogy (2002–07), the 1990 superhero film "Darkman" and the "I Will Rip Your Soul Out" scene from the 2013 remake of "Evil Dead".  His most recent film is the 2013 Disney fantasy film "Oz the Great and Powerful". <SEP> Ava's Possessions is a 2015 American supernatural horror comedy film written and directed by Jordan Galland.  The film had its world premiere on April 26, 2015 at the Dead by Dawn Horror Film Festival and was given a DVD and VOD release on March 4, 2016.  Louisa Krause stars as the titular Ava, a young woman that must learn how to put her life together after a demon is exorcised from her body.
Question: What historical fiction drama was did Steven Hartley perform in in 2013?

A Dog of Flanders is a 1999 film directed by Kevin Brodie and starring Jack Warden, Jeremy James Kissner, Jesse James, Jon Voight, Cheryl Ladd, Steven Hartley, and Bruce McGill.  The screenplay was written by Brodie and Robert Singer, based on the novel of the same name by Ouida.  The film was shot on location in Belgium.  It was the fifth film based on the original novel. <SEP>  He has appeared in over 40 principle and leading roles on television and film since 1985, including "EastEnders", "The Bill", "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles", "Rumble", "Strictly Confidential", "Badboys", "Trial & Retribution", "Sharman", "Holby City", "Casualty", "Doctors", "Pie in the Sky", "The Cut", "Agatha Christie's Marple", "Merlin", "Married... with Children", "The Borgias", "Vera" alongside Brenda Blethyn, "Ripper Street", and the acclaimed BBC series "Happy Valley" and "Silent Witness" in 2015. Steven Hartley (born 12 August 1960, in Shipley) is an English actor known internationally for his television, film and theatre roles. <SEP> The Borgias is a historical-fiction drama television series created by Neil Jordan; it debuted in 2011 and was canceled in 2013. <SEP> Half of a Yellow Sun is a 2013 Nigerian historical fiction drama film directed by Biyi Bandele and based on the novel of the same name by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.  The film is a love story that follows two sisters who are caught up in the outbreak of the Nigerian Civil War.
Question: Georgy Voronoy and Vladimir Berkovich, both were of which scholarly occupation?

Vladimir Berkovich is a mathematician at the Weizmann Institute of Science who introduced Berkovich spaces. His Ph.D. advisor was Yuri I. Manin.  Berkovich was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in 1991-92 and again in the summer of 2000. <SEP> The White Poodle (Russian: Белый пудель , "Belyy pudel " ) is a 1956 Soviet film directed by Marianna Roshal and Vladimir Shredel.  The screenplay was adapted by Grigorii Grebnev from the Aleksandr Kuprin story of the same name.  The main roles were played by Viktor Koltsov and Vladimir Polyakov, with others taken by Natalie Gitserot, Alexander Antonov and Georgy Millyar.  Filmed in 1955, it was released in October 1956. <SEP>  Among other things, he defined the Voronoi diagram. Georgy Feodosevich Voronoy (Ukrainian: Георгій Феодосійович Вороний ; Russian: Гео́ргий Феодо́сьевич Вороно́й ; 28 April 1868 – 20 November 1908) was a Russian and Ukrainian mathematician. <SEP> Vladimir Ivanovich Narbut (Russian: Владимир Иванович Нарбут ; Ukrainian: Володи́мир Іва́нович На́рбут ) (1888–1938) - Russian poet of Ukrainian descent, and member of the Acmeist group, brother of Ukrainian artist and graphic designer Georgy Narbut.
Question: Are Steve Dildarian and Mia Tyler both former advertising copywriters?

Pretty Wicked is a reality show on the Oxygen Network.  The series challenges 10 women to put looks aside and compete to see who is the most beautiful on the inside.  The winner receives a grand prize of $50,000.  The show is hosted by Caridee English, winner of "America's Next Top Model".  The girls are judged by three celebrity judges: plus-sized model and published author Mia Tyler, Beverly Hills psychotherapist and radio talk show host Dr. Jenn Berman, and comedian/author Kyle Cease. <SEP> Mia Abagale Tallarico (born December 22, 1978), better known as Mia Tyler, is an American actress, model and fashion designer. <SEP> The Life & Times of Tim is an HBO comedy animated television series, which premiered on September 28, 2008.  The series was created by Steve Dildarian, and is about a hapless man in his mid-20s named Tim (voiced by Dildarian) who lives in New York City with his girlfriend Amy.  Throughout the series, Tim constantly finds himself in increasingly awkward situations in both his work and personal life. <SEP> Steve Dildarian (born November 3, 1969) is an American former advertising copywriter who is the creator, writer, producer and voice of Tim in the HBO animated television series "The Life & Times of Tim" (2008-2012).
Question: Which case was ruled on first Selle v. Gibb or Edwards v. Aguillard ?

Epperson v. Arkansas, 393 U.S. 97 (1968), was a United States Supreme Court case that invalidated an Arkansas statute that prohibited the teaching of human evolution in the public schools.  The Court held that the First Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits a state from requiring, in the words of the majority opinion, "that teaching and learning must be tailored to the principles or prohibitions of any religious sect or dogma."  The Supreme Court declared the Arkansas statute unconstitutional because it violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.  After this decision, some jurisdictions passed laws that required the teaching of creation science alongside evolution when evolution was taught.  These were also ruled unconstitutional by the Court in the 1987 case "Edwards v. Aguillard". <SEP>  1984) was a landmark ruling on the doctrine of striking similarities.  The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit ruled that while copying must be proved by access and substantial similarity, where evidence of access does not exist, striking similarities may raise an inference of copying by showing that the work could not have been the result of independent creation, coincidence, or common source. Selle v. Gibb, 741 F.2d 896 (7th Cir.  Striking similarity alone is not enough to infer access.  The similarity must preclude independent creation in order to infer access. <SEP> Persons Day is an annual celebration in Canada, held on October 18 each year.  The day commemorates the case of "Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General)", more commonly known as "The Persons Case"–a famous Canadian constitutional case decided on October 18, 1929 by the Judicial Committee of the Imperial Privy Council, at that time the court of last resort for Canada, which held that women were eligible to sit in the Canadian Senate. <SEP> Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987), was a United States Supreme Court case concerning the constitutionality of teaching creationism.  The Court ruled that a Louisiana law requiring that where evolutionary science was taught in public schools, creation science must also be taught, violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment because the law was specifically intended to advance a particular religion.  It also held that "teaching a variety of scientific theories about the origins of humankind to school children might be validly done with the clear secular intent of enhancing the effectiveness of science instruction".
Question: Dear Diary starred the actress who was known for which character on Frasier?

"Fighter" is a song recorded by Japanese singer Namie Amuro, released as a double A-side single with "Dear Diary".  It was released on October 26, 2016 via Dimension Point and Avex Trax in two CD formats, and a DVD package; a digital release was made available for consumption on November 16.  The single serves as the insert song to the Japanese drama–horror film "", and the theme song to its accompanying spin-off series "Death Note: New Generation" (2016).  "Fighter" was written, composed and produced by Japanese vocalist Emyli, with additional production credits to Reason. <SEP> Dear Diary, My Teen Angst Has a Body Count is the debut studio album by American post-hardcore band From First to Last.  It was released on June 29, 2004 through Epitaph Records.  The title was taken from a monologue in the film "Heathers", in which Winona Ryder's character is writing in her diary.  Production was handled by Lee Dyess and the band themselves.  The album was remastered by Beau Burchell from Saosin, however, it is not indicated on the personnel, possibly due to a contemporary feud between the band.  The album also is notable for being one of the earliest projects featuring singer and multi-instrumentalist Sonny Moore (who has since launched a successful solo career as an electronic music producer and performer, under the stage name Skrillex).  The album received generally mixed reviews from music critics.  It reached number 12 and 21 on the "Billboard" Heatseekers Albums and Independent Albums chart.  It spawned two singles: "Ride the Wings of Pestilence" and "Note to Self".  The hidden track (commonly referred to as "Dead Baby Kick Ball") features contributing vocals from American rapper Major League Player.  "Populace in Two" was included in the soundtrack for the video game "." <SEP>  After being rejected by ABC, it was slightly edited and put into a single Los Angeles theater for a weekend in November 1996, and went on to win an Oscar for Live Action Short Film at the 69th Academy Awards. Dear Diary was a TV pilot, starring Bebe Neuwirth, written and directed by David Frankel and produced by Frankel and Barry Jossen for the new film studio DreamWorks. <SEP> Beatrice "Bebe" Neuwirth ( ; born December 31, 1958) is an American actress, singer and dancer.  The role won her two Emmy Awards.  On stage, she is known for her Tony Award winning roles of Nickie in the revival of "Sweet Charity" (1986), and Velma Kelly in the revival of "Chicago" (1996).  Other Broadway musical roles include Morticia Addams in "The Addams Family" (2010).  Since 2014, she has starred as Nadine Tolliver in the CBS drama "Madam Secretary".  On television, she is known for her portrayal of Dr. Lilith Sternin, Dr. Frasier Crane's wife (later former wife), on both the TV sitcom "Cheers" (in a starring role), and its spin-off "Frasier" (in a recurring guest role).
Question: Who was born first, Esther Renay Dean or Onika Tanya Maraj?

Onika Tanya Maraj (born December 8, 1982), known professionally as Nicki Minaj ( ), is a rapper, singer, songwriter and model.  Born in Saint James, Trinidad and Tobago and raised in Queens, New York, Minaj gained public recognition after releasing three mixtapes between 2007 to 2009 and subsequently signed to Young Money Entertainment in 2009. <SEP>  Her 2009 single "Drop It Low" featured singer Chris Brown. Esther Renay Dean (born April 15, 1982), known professionally as Ester Dean, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and actress.  Dean has also co-written songs for many artists including Christina Aguilera, Florence + The Machine, Katy Perry, Beyoncé, Nicole Scherzinger, Priyanka Chopra, Mary J. Blige, Nicki Minaj, Kelly Clarkson, Ciara, The Pussycat Dolls, Usher, Kelly Rowland, Girlicious, Keri Hilson, Rihanna, R. Kelly, Britney Spears, Melody Thornton, Vanessa White, Kevin McHale, Selena Gomez, G.R.L., Soulja Boy Tell 'Em, Little Mix, Pia Toscano, Tinie Tempah, Lil Wayne, Machine Gun Kelly, Fifth Harmony, and Eurovision Song Contest 2012 winner Loreen. <SEP> "Woohoo" is a song by American singer Christina Aguilera, featuring Trinidadian rapper Nicki Minaj.  The song was written by Aguilera, Onika Maraj, Claude Kelly, Ester Dean and Jamal "Polow da Don" Jones, and produced by Polow da Don, for Aguilera's sixth studio album, "Bionic" (2010).  "Woohoo" was serviced to rhythmic contemporary crossover airplay as the album's second radio single on May 25, 2010.  The song, which contains a sample of the 1972 song "Add már uram az esőt" by Kati Kovács, is about oral sex. <SEP> Tanya Datta (born 16 July 1972) is a British Asian radio and television journalist and writer.  Tanya was born in Bristol, and grew up in London.  Tanya studied English at Wadham College Oxford University graduating with a first class degree in 1994.  In 1996, she won the Scott Trust Bursary to study journalism at City University and went on to be selected as an ITN News Trainee.  In 2000, Tanya joined the BBC where she spent seven years on BBC Radio 4's award-winning foreign affairs series, "Crossing Continents".  She has also reported for Channel Four, BBC2 and the World Service.
Question: What is the name of Canadian vocalist and songwriter who is in both Explorers Club and Dream Theater?

This is a complete list of songs by American progressive metal band Dream Theater.  Dream Theater was formed in 1985 by guitarist John Petrucci, bassist John Myung, and drummer Mike Portnoy.  The band's current line-up consists of Petrucci, Myung, keyboardist Jordan Rudess, vocalist James LaBrie, and drummer Mike Mangini.  As of 2016, Dream Theater has released thirteen studio albums. <SEP> A Sort of Homecoming is a live album recorded at various locations (primarily The Theater at Madison Square Garden in New York City) by progressive metal band Dream Theater and released by the Dream Theater International Fan Club; thus, it is not part of the official Dream Theater discography.  It is named after the U2 song of the same name off their album "The Unforgettable Fire". <SEP> Explorers Club is a progressive metal/rock supergroup headed by the Gardner brothers of Magellan featuring, among others, James LaBrie, John Petrucci of Dream Theater, and Derek Sherinian (then Dream Theater), D.C. Cooper (Royal Hunt), drummer Terry Bozzio, Billy Sheehan (bassist of UFO, Mr. Big and Steve Vai fame), James Murphy (from the metal scene) <SEP> Kevin James LaBrie (born May 5, 1963) is a Canadian vocalist and songwriter, who is best known as the lead singer of the American progressive metal band Dream Theater.
Question: Sarabande and Danse is a ballet made by Jacques d'Amboise to which song, by who?

The Goldberg Variations is a ballet made by New York City Ballet's ballet master Jerome Robbins to Johann Sebastian Bach's eponymous music from 1742, BWV 988, his only work in the form of theme and variations; the theme is a sarabande he wrote for his second wife.  The premiere took place on May 27, 1971 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center, with costumes by Joe Eula and lighting by Thomas Skelton. <SEP> Jacques d'Amboise (born July 28, 1934) is an American danseur and choreographer. <SEP> Sarabande and Danse is a ballet made by Jacques d'Amboise to Debussy's "Sarabande" (1901) and "Danse" (1890).  The premiere took place May 29, 1975, as part of New York City Ballet's Ravel Festival at the Lincoln Center. <SEP> Sarabande and Danse is a ballet made by John Clifford to Debussy's "Sarabande" (1901) and "Danse" (1890).  The premiere took place on 21 May 1970, with New York City Ballet at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center.
Question: What upcoming British action comedy film directed by David Kerr is part of a series parodying the James Bond secret agent genre?

Johnny English Reborn is a 2011 British action comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre.  The film is the sequel to "Johnny English" (2003), and stars Rowan Atkinson reprising his role as the title character and directed by Oliver Parker.  The film is the second installment of the "Johnny English film series". <SEP> Johnny English is a 2003 British-American spy comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre infused with comedy similar to Atkinson's Mr. Bean character.  The film stars Rowan Atkinson, Natalie Imbruglia, Ben Miller and John Malkovich.  The screenplay was written by Bond writers Neal Purvis and Robert Wade, with William Davies, and the film was directed by Peter Howitt.  It is the first installment of the "Johnny English film series". <SEP> Johnny English is a British series of action comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre.  It features Rowan Atkinson as the titular character, based on the screenplay was written by Neal Purvis and Robert Wade.  The series included 3 instalments: "Johnny English" (2003), "Johnny English Reborn" (2011), and the upcoming "Johnny English 3" which is in pre-production.  The series also infused with comedy similar to Atkinson's Mr. Bean character and grossed $320 worldwide. <SEP>  It is a sequel to 2011 film "Johnny English Reborn" and the third installment of "Johnny English series".  The film stars Rowan Atkinson. Johnny English 3 is an upcoming British action comedy film directed by David Kerr.  It will be released on 12 October 2018 by Universal Pictures.
Question: Which band, The Rockfords or Grandaddy, was an American indie rock band from Modesto, California?

 The group served as a side project for its members, who had already tasted success with their respective bands. The Rockfords were an American rock band formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1999 by Carrie Akre, Chris Friel, and Danny Newcomb of Goodness, Mike McCready of Pearl Jam, and Rick Friel of Jodie Watts. <SEP> Grandaddy is an American indie rock band from Modesto, California.  They have released five studio albums, four self-released albums, four compilation albums, six EPs, sixteen singles and five split singles. <SEP> Earlimart is an Indie rock band formed in 1998 in Los Angeles, California, and named after the town of Earlimart, California.  The main members are Aaron Espinoza and Ariana Murray.  Their early sound has been described as "post-punk", and compared to that of Pixies, Sonic Youth and Sparklehorse; later music has been compared to that of Grandaddy and Elliott Smith.  In 2009, Espinoza and Murray joined with Jason Lytle and Aaron Burtch, formerly of Grandaddy, to record an album entitled "I Heart California", which was released in 2010 under the name Admiral Radley. <SEP>  The group was formed in 1992, and featured Jason Lytle, Aaron Burtch, Jim Fairchild, Kevin Garcia and Tim Dryden. Grandaddy is an American indie rock band from Modesto, California.
Question: What type of gaming involves players gambling casino chips that can also be described as server centric?

 Server centric gaming combines classic video poker and video lottery with features of a modern client-server computer network. Server centric gaming is a term used in the fields of video lottery and casino gaming.  Compared to traditional standalone slot machines, server centric systems offer more advanced functionality. <SEP> Responsible Gaming is a concept that gaming and gambling operators, software suppliers and associated service providers need to uphold to ensure their offerings uphold the highest standards to ensure a fair and safe gaming experience that protects players from the adverse consequences of gaming and gambling.  The majority of gambling and gaming codes now require operators to ensure land-based and online gambling services are offered in a responsible manner.  Responsible gaming covers the areas of protecting vulnerable customers, the prevention of underage gambling, protection against fraudulent and criminal behaviour, ensuring information privacy, ensuring prompt and accurate customer payments, delivering a fair gaming experience, upholding ethical and responsible marketing, commitment to customer satisfaction and ensuring a secure, safe and reliable operating environment.  Operators refers to both land-based (e.g. casinos, betting shops) and online or remote operators. <SEP> Converged storage is a storage architecture that combines storage and computing resources into a single entity.  This can result in the development of platforms for server centric, storage centric or hybrid workloads where applications and data come together to improve application performance and delivery.  The combination of storage and compute differs to the traditional IT model in which computation and storage take place in separate or siloed computer equipment.  The traditional model requires discrete provisioning changes, such as upgrades and planned migrations, in the face of server load changes, which are increasingly dynamic with virtualization, where converged storage increases the supply of resources along with new VM demands in parallel. <SEP>  In a casino game, the players gamble casino chips on various possible random outcomes or combinations of outcomes. Games available in most casinos are commonly called casino games.  Casino games are also available in online casinos, where permitted by law.  Casino games can also be played outside of casinos for entertainment purposes like in parties or in school competitions, some on machines that simulate gambling.
Question: What was first published, Solarquest or CirKis?

 However, the game is no longer in production. CirKis is a piece placing board game, for two to four players, invented by Phil E. Orbanes and developed by Winning Moves Games USA in 2009.  It received the French Game of the Year Award for 2009.  The game is based on Penrose tiling. <SEP>  The game is patterned after "Monopoly" but replaces pewter tokens with rocketships and hotels with metallic fuel stations. SolarQuest is a space-age real estate trading board game published in 1985 and developed by Valen Brost, after his having conceived the idea in 1976.  Players travel around the sun acquiring planet, moon, and man-made space structure monopolies while fending off attacks.  They seek to knock their opponents out of the game through bankruptcy, as well as optional laser blasts and dwindling fuel supplies (when using the Advanced Play ruleset). <SEP> Spaceopoly, a simplified version of "Solarquest", was first published in 1997 by Valen Brost Game Co.
Question: Chinatown Square is located in what third-most populous US city?

Chicago ( or ), officially the City of Chicago, is the third-most populous city in the United States.  With over 2.7 million residents, it is also the most populous city in both the state of Illinois and the Midwestern United States.  It is the county seat of Cook County.  The Chicago metropolitan area, often referred to as Chicagoland, has nearly 10 million people and is the third-largest in the U.S. Chicago has often been called a global architecture capital.  Chicago is considered one of the most important business centers in the world. <SEP> Harris County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas.  As of the 2010 census, the population was 4,092,459, making it the most populous county in Texas and the third-most populous county in the United States.  Its county seat is Houston, the largest city in Texas and fourth-largest city in the United States.  The county was founded in 1836 and organized in 1837.  It is named for John Richardson Harris, an early settler of the area.  By the July 2016 Census Bureau estimate Harris County's population had grown to 4,589,928. <SEP>  Chinatown Square, on 45 acre of reclaimed land from a former railroad yard, houses mostly restaurants, retail space, boutiques, banks, clinics, beauty shops, and a handful of offices.  This outdoor mall is the largest Chinese mall in the US east of San Francisco and west of New York City.  In the middle of the mall, there are statues of the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac from Xiamen, China. Chinatown Square () is a two-story outdoor mall located in Chinatown, Chicago, a mile (1.6 km) from the center of Chicago just North of the main Wentworth Avenue District (the main Chinatown Street).  Other landmarks in the mall include twin pagodas. <SEP> Egypt is the most populous country in the Arab World and the third-most populous on the African continent (after Nigeria and Ethiopia).  About 95% of the country's 93 million people (2017) live along the banks of the Nile and in the Nile Delta, which fans out north of Cairo; and along the Suez Canal.  These regions are among the world's most densely populated, containing an average of over 3,820 persons per square mile (1,540 per km².) , as compared to 181 persons per sq. mi.  for the country as a whole.
Question: Marlyne Nayokah Barrett starred as a head nurse in a show created by whom?

 The series premiered on NBC on November 17, 2015.  "Chicago Med" follows the emergency department doctors and nurses of Gaffney Chicago Medical Center as they tackle unique new cases and forge fiery relationships in the pulse-pounding pandemonium of the emergency room. Chicago Med is an American medical drama television series created by Dick Wolf and Matt Olmstead, and is the third installment of Dick Wolf’s "Chicago" franchise. <SEP> Marlyne Nayokah Barrett (née Afflack: born September 13, 1978) is an American actress, known for her roles on television.  She had a recurring role from 2006 to 2008 as Nerese Campbell in the HBO crime drama "The Wire" and in 2007, she had a recurring role as Felicia Marquand in the FX legal drama "Damages".  In 2015, she began starring as Head Charge Nurse Maggie Lockwood in the NBC medical drama "Chicago Med". <SEP> Cooking for Dads is a YouTube show created by Rob Barrett, Jr.  It was started with the idea of creating video recipes for visual learners who might be challenged by written recipes.  The video recipes also include a trip to the grocery store to show which ingredients to buy.  Having graduated from the Eastman School of Music in Rochester, NY, Barrett often draws on his musical talent to provide entertainment in his videos.  He composed the show’s opening theme.  He also composes a year end song highlighting the year’s activities.  Barrett describes the show as "talk radio meets TV" and "a communal experience".  He has no culinary training. <SEP> Tessa Cam Rowe (born January 30, 1981) is a Filipino artist, auteur and entrepreneur.  She is mostly known as being the head mistress (or "Head Nurse") of Dr. Sketchy's Anti-Art School Philippines, one of the hundred branches of the globally renowned Dr. Sketchy's Anti-Art School, founded by art model and illustrator, Molly Crabapple.
Question: What metropolitan area is Creative Planning, Inc headquartered at?

The Ostrava metropolitan area is the metropolitan area with the city of Ostrava in the Czech Republic at its center.  The Ostrava urban area is the largest urban area in the metropolitan area with a population of 365,000.  The metropolitan area roughly corresponds to the administrative Moravian-Silesian Region.  The population of the metropolitan area is 983,000 according to the European Spatial Planning Observation Network.  An alternative definition, the Eurostat Larger Urban Zone, lists a population of 1,153,876.  The Ostrava metropolitan area is sometimes combined with the Silesian metropolitan area to form a wider urban region with a population of 5,294,000. <SEP> Peter Mallouk is an American financial advisor and businessman.  He is the Principal, President and Chief Investment Officer of Creative Planning, Inc., a registered investment advisor (RIA), and one of the largest independent wealth management firms in the country. <SEP> Leawood is a city in Johnson County, Kansas, United States, and part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.  As of the 2010 census, the city population was 31,867. <SEP>  Founded in 1983 and headquartered in Leawood, Kansas, it employs 350 individuals and manages over $24 billion in assets for clients in all 50 US states. Creative Planning, Inc. is one of the largest independent wealth management firms in the United States.  Creative Planning was named the #1 Wealth Management Firm by CNBC in 2015.  It is a registered investment advisor, regulated by the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC).  The company was started by Peter Mallouk, an American financial advisor and businessman.  He is the only financial advisor to be named Barron's #1 Independent Advisor in America three years in a row.