Question: Which gender is the main focus of both Woman's Journal and Avantages?

Avantages is a French-language monthly women's magazine published in Paris, France.  It is one of the most read women's magazines in the country and is the French edition of the British magazine "Essentials". <SEP>  It was founded in 1870 in Boston, Massachusetts, by Lucy Stone and her husband Henry Browne Blackwell as a weekly newspaper.  In 1917 it was purchased by Carrie Chapman Catt's Leslie Woman Suffrage Commission and merged with "The Woman Voter" and "National Suffrage News" to become known as The Woman Citizen.  It served as the official organ of the National American Woman Suffrage Association until 1920, when the organization was reformed as the League of Women Voters, and the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed granting women the right to vote.  Publication of "Woman Citizen" slowed from weekly, to bi-weekly, to monthly.  In 1927, it was renamed The Woman's Journal.  It ceased publication in June 1931. Woman's Journal was an American women's rights periodical published from 1870-1931. <SEP> Research into the many possible relationships, intersections and tensions between language and gender is diverse.  It crosses disciplinary boundaries, and, as a bare minimum, could be said to encompass work notionally housed within applied linguistics, linguistic anthropology, conversation analysis, cultural studies, feminist media studies, feminist psychology, gender studies, interactional sociolinguistics, linguistics, mediated stylistics, sociolinguistics and media studies.  In methodological terms, there is no single approach that could be said to 'hold the ﬁeld'.  Discursive, poststructural, ethnomethodological, ethnographic, phenomenological, positivist and experimental approaches can all be seen in action during the study of language and gender, producing and reproducing what Susan Speer has described as 'different, and often competing, theoretical and political assumptions about the way discourse, ideology and gender identity should be conceived and understood'.  As a result, research in this area can perhaps most usefully be divided into three main areas of study: first, there is a broad and sustained interest in the varieties of speech associated with a particular gender; second, there is a related interested in the social norms and conventions that (re)produce gendered language use (a variety of speech (or sociolect) associated with a particular gender is sometimes called a genderlect); and third, there are studies that focus on the contextually specific and locally situated ways in which gender is constructed and operationalized.  The study of gender and language in sociolinguistics and gender studies is often said to have begun with Robin Lakoff's 1975 book, "Language and Woman's Place", as well as some earlier studies by Lakoff.  The study of language and gender has developed greatly since the 1970s.  Prominent scholars include Deborah Tannen, Penelope Eckert, Janet Holmes, Mary Bucholtz, Kira Hall, Deborah Cameron, and others.  The 1995 edited volume "Gender Articulated: Language and the Socially Constructed Self" is often referred to as a central text on language and gender. <SEP> The American Journal of Translational Research is a peer-reviewed open-access medical journal published by e-Century Publishing Corporation.  The journal covers translational research of medical science and the relevant biomedical research areas.  It was established in 2009.  The editor-in-chief is Wen-Hwa Lee (University of California, Irvine).  The journal's main focus is original clinical and experimental research articles, but it also publishes review articles, editorials, hypotheses, letters to the editor, and meeting reports.