winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Does the population of the city of Shangzhi exceed that of Chengde?  

 It is 127 km away from central Harbin and has an area of approximately 9000 km2 .  The city proper has a population of around 120,000, while the total administrative population is approximately 600,000 inhabitants.  The most spacious county-level division of Harbin City, it borders Yanshou County to the north, Wuchang to the southwest, Acheng District to the northwest, and Bin County to the northwest, as well as the prefecture-level city of Mudanjiang to the southeast. Shangzhi () is a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. <SEP> Chengde (), previously known as Jehol or Rehe, is a prefecture-level city in Hebei province, situated northeast of Beijing.  It is best known as the site of the Mountain Resort, a vast imperial garden and palace formerly used by the Qing emperors as summer residence.  The urban center had a population of approximately 450,000 as of 2009. <SEP> Acheng District, formerly Acheng County, (Manchu Language : Alcuka Hoton) is one of nine districts of Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China, covering part of the southeastern suburbs.  s of 2010 , it had a population of 596,856 residing in an area of 2680 km2 , and is 29 km southeast of downtown Harbin, 190 km north of Jilin City, and around 50 km south of the Songhua River.  It lies within the basin of and until 1909 was considered synonymous with the Ashi River which gave its name to the Jurchen Jin Dynasty.  The district administers nine subdistricts, eight towns, one township, and one ethnic township.  It borders Daowai District to the north, Bin County to the northeast, Shangzhi to the southeast, and Wuchang to the south, Shuangcheng District to the west, and Pingfang and Xiangfang Districts to the northwest. <SEP> There is no real city in the Faroe Islands.  Nevertheless, the capital Tórshavn is an ambitious town that is growing faster than other towns in the country.  Already now the proximate suburbs of Tórshavn house a third of the population of Tórshavn, and within the next couple of decades the population in the proximate suburbs (especially Argir in the south and Hoyvík in the north) will exceed the population of the original town of Tórshavn (all settlement within the 1866 boundaries of the municipality).
Question: Which war was being fought when C.S. Lewis wrote the book whose chapter shares a title with the band Wild Sweet Orange's 2008 album?

Out of the Silent Planet is the debut release from King's X.  The title of the album comes from that of a book by C.S. Lewis, an author favored by band members Ty Tabor and Jerry Gaskill.  "Out of the Silent Planet" is also the title of the first track from the follow up album "Gretchen Goes to Nebraska".  The cover art features the skyline of Houston with the southern out line of the state of Texas. <SEP>  "We Have Cause to Be Uneasy" is the title of the fifth chapter in C.S. Lewis' book, "Mere Christianity". We Have Cause to Be Uneasy is the first and final full-length album by American indie rock band Wild Sweet Orange and was released on July 29, 2008, available on CD, Vinyl, and via iTunes. <SEP> Wild Sweet Orange was an American indie rock band from Homewood, Alabama.  In early 2008 their song "Land of No Return" was featured on Grey's Anatomy.  The band performed the song "Ten Dead Dogs" live on the Late Show with David Letterman on June 23, 2008.  Their first full LP, "We Have Cause to Be Uneasy", was released on July 29, 2008.  Wild Sweet Orange has opened for bands such as Counting Crows, Guster, Augustana, and Gringo Star. <SEP>  Considered a classic of Christian apologetics, the transcripts of the broadcasts originally appeared in print as three separate pamphlets: "The Case for Christianity" ("Broadcast Talks" in the UK) (1942), "Christian Behaviour" (1943), and "Beyond Personality" (1944). Mere Christianity is a theological book by C. S. Lewis, adapted from a series of BBC radio talks made between 1941 and 1944, while Lewis was at Oxford during the Second World War.  Lewis was invited to give the talks by the Rev. James Welch, the BBC Director of Religious Broadcasting, who had read his 1940 book, "The Problem of Pain".
Question: What region are both Adenophora and Pterostyrax native to?

 They grow 4 - tall, with alternate, simple ovate leaves 6 - long and 4 - broad.  The flowers are white, produced in dense panicles 8 - long. Pterostyrax, the epaulette tree, is a small genus of four species of deciduous large shrubs or small trees in the family Styracaceae, native to eastern Asia in China and Japan.  The fruit is an oblong dry drupe, with longitudinal ribs or narrow wings (the wings are absent in the related genus "Styrax", whence the name "Pterostyrax", "winged styrax"). <SEP> Pterostyrax hispidus, the epaulette tree or fragrant epaulette tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family Styracaceae, native to China and Japan.  Growing to 15 m tall by 12 m broad, it is a substantial, spreading, deciduous shrub with oval leaves up to 20 cm long, and clusters of pure white, fragrant, pendent flowers in summer. <SEP> Adenophora is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, the bellflowers.  Plants of this genus are known commonly as ladybells.  Most are native to eastern Asia, with a few in Europe.  Many are endemic to either China or Siberia. <SEP> Phacelia adenophora is a species of phacelia known by the common name glandular yellow phacelia.  It is native to the northwestern United States where it can be found in Oregon, northeastern California, and northwestern Nevada.  It grows in mountain and plateau habitat.  This is an annual herb producing decumbent, creeping, spreading, or upright branched stems up to 40 centimeters long.  The leaves are oblong in shape and deeply lobed, measuring up to 3 centimeters long.  The inflorescence is a one-sided cyme of many bell-shaped flowers each under a centimeter long.  Unlike many phacelias, which bloom in shades of blue and purple, this species has yellow to golden flowers.  It occasionally has purple edges on the corolla.  The fruit is a fuzzy, oblong capsule a few millimeters in length containing up to 14 seeds.
Question: What was held at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois on June 23-24, 2017 and resulted in Sebastian Aho playing under contract as a prospect of the New York Islanders?

Joel Rechlicz (born June 14, 1987) is an American professional ice hockey player currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played under contract with the Bakersfield Condors of the American Hockey League (AHL).  Rechlicz is well known for playing the enforcer role and is billed as a tough as nails type of player.  By signing a three-year entry level contract with the New York Islanders in May 2008, Rechlicz became the first player from the reestablished but now defunct International Hockey League to play a game in the National Hockey League.  Along with the Islanders, he has also played with the Washington Capitals. <SEP> The 2017 NHL Entry Draft was the 55th NHL Entry Draft.  The first three selections were Nico Hischier, Nolan Patrick and Miro Heiskanen.  The draft was held from June 23–24, 2017, at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois. <SEP> Live in Chicago 12.19.98 at the United Center, also known as simply Live in Chicago 12.19.98, is a live album by the Dave Matthews Band, released by RCA on October 23, 2001.  It was recorded at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois.  It was originally broadcast as a live webcast, with the recording released on CD. <SEP> Sebastian Aho (born 17 February 1996) is a Swedish professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing under contract as a prospect of the New York Islanders in the National Hockey League (NHL).  Aho was drafted by the Islanders, 139th overall, in the 2017 NHL Entry Draft.
Question: which spanish team founded in 23 August 1923 was relegated to Tercera División.

The 2006 Segunda División B play-offs (Playoffs de Ascenso or Promoción de Ascenso) were the final playoffs for promotion from 2005–06 Segunda División B to the 2006–07 Segunda División.  The four first placed teams in each of the four Segunda División B groups played the "Playoffs de Ascenso" and the four last placed teams in Segunda División were relegated to Segunda División B.  It also decided the one team which placed 16th to be relegated to the 2006–07 Tercera División. <SEP> The 1977–78 Segunda División B was the first season of Segunda División B, the third highest level of the Spanish football league system.  The league was made up of last 4 teams from 1976-77 Segunda División and 2nd to 10th teams from 1976-77 Tercera División.  In concept, the Segunda División B was identical to the old Tercera Division, which was now reduced to two divisions.  First and 2nd in each group were promoted to Segunda División, and the bottom three were relegated to the Tercera División. <SEP> Real Club Celta de Vigo (] ; "Royal Club Celta de Vigo"), commonly known as Celta Vigo or simply Celta, is a Spanish professional football club based in Vigo, Galicia, currently playing in La Liga.  It was founded on 23 August 1923 following the merger of Real Vigo Sporting and Real Fortuna Football Club.  Nicknamed "Os Celestes" (The Sky Blues), they play in sky blue shirts and socks along with white shorts.  The club's home stadium is Balaídos, which seats 29,000 spectators.  Celta's name is derived from the Celts who were once present in the region.  Its main rival is fellow Galician club Deportivo de La Coruña, with whom it contests the Galician derby. <SEP> The 1929 Segunda División Grupo A season saw 10 teams participate in the second flight Spanish league.  Celta and Racing de Madrid were relegated to Tercera División.  There was no team promoted to Primera División.
Question: Which university was founded first, Vanderbilt University or Yale University?

 Founded in 1873, it was named in honor of shipping and rail magnate Cornelius Vanderbilt, who provided the school its initial $1 million endowment despite having never been to the South. Vanderbilt University (also known informally as Vandy) is a private research university located in Nashville, Tennessee.  Vanderbilt hoped that his gift and the greater work of the university would help to heal the sectional wounds inflicted by the Civil War. <SEP>  Founded in 1701, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and one of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution. Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut. <SEP> David Hotchkiss Price (January 29, 1957) is an American historian and a scholar of early modern culture.  He is Professor of Religious Studies at Vanderbilt University.  Price studied classics (BA) and German (MA) at the University of Cincinnati before receiving his PhD in German from Yale University (1985).  He previously taught at the University of Illinois, Yale and the University of Texas at Austin] Price is the author of books on the Bible in English, Reformation drama, humanist poetry, Albrecht Dürer, and Johannes Reuchlin and the Jewish Book Controversy of the early sixteenth century. <SEP> Vanderbilt University Law School (also known as Vanderbilt Law School or VLS) is a graduate school of Vanderbilt University.  Established in 1874, it is one of the oldest law schools in the southern United States.  Vanderbilt Law has consistently ranked among the top 20 law schools in the nation, and is currently ranked 17th in the 2018 edition of "U.S. News & World Report".  Vanderbilt Law School enrolls approximately 640 students, with each entering Juris Doctor class consisting of approximately 175 students.
Question: The Akaka bill is named after an American educator and politician who was a senator from Hawaii from 1990 to 2013, and represented what party?

Daniel Kahikina Akaka ( ; born September 11, 1924) is an American educator and politician who was a United States Senator from Hawaii from 1990 to 2013.  A member of the Democratic Party, Akaka was the first U.S. Senator of Native Hawaiian ancestry. <SEP>  It is commonly known as the Akaka Bill after Senator Daniel Akaka of Hawaii, who has proposed various forms of this bill since 2000. The Native Hawaiian Government Reorganization Act of 2009 S1011/HR2314 was a bill before the 111th Congress. <SEP> Alan Akaka (born 1956) is a Hawaiian steel guitarist and educator.  The son of former congressman and senator Daniel Akaka, he has taught at several schools and is in charge of the Hawaiian music school Ke Kula Mele.  In 2014 he successfully led a petition to prevent the ukulele from being named the official state musical instrument, arguing that the steel guitar was more reflective of Hawaiian tradition. <SEP> James John Howard (July 24, 1927 – March 25, 1988) was an American educator and Democratic Party politician who represented  's 3 congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1965 until his death from a heart attack in Washington, D.C. in 1988.
Question: Stephen Irwin Abrams authored fill page advertisements for cannabis law reform which appeared in a newspaper that adopted its current name on what date?

Stephen Irwin Abrams (15 July 1938 in Chicago, Illinois – 21 November 2012) was an American scholar of parapsychology and a drug policy activist who was a long-standing resident of the United Kingdom.  He is best known for sponsoring and authoring the full page advertisement petitioning for cannabis law reform which appeared in "The Times" on 24 July 1967. <SEP> Dakta Green, formerly Ken Morgan (born 1950, in Wellington) is a New Zealand cannabis law reform activist and political candidate.  He changed his name by deed poll in 2008.  He is the Activism co-ordinator for NORML New Zealand, the driver of Mary Jane the Cannabus, and founder of The Daktory.  He was a candidate for the Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party in the Mount Albert by-election, 2009. <SEP>  It began in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register , adopting its current name on 1 January 1788.  "The Times" and its sister paper "The Sunday Times" (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers, since 1981 a subsidiary of News UK, itself wholly owned by News Corp.  "The Times" and "The Sunday Times" do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967. The Times is a British daily (Monday to Saturday) national newspaper based in London, England. <SEP> Druglawed is a 2015 documentary film directed by Arik Reiss concerning cannabis in New Zealand, the ongoing struggle for cannabis law reform in that country and how the United States led War on Drugs has impacted small nations like New Zealand.  The film had its 'underworld' premiere on January 24, 2015 in Auckland, New Zealand and its 'grand world premiere' was on April 20, 2015 in Dunedin.  The film features drug policy experts including Professor David Nutt and Ethan Nadelmann as well as New Zealand politicians John Key, Nándor Tánczos and Metiria Turei.
Question: Which band released an album first, Evanescence or Arcane Roots?

Arcane Roots are a three-piece alternative rock band from Kingston Upon Thames, England.  Their debut mini-album "Left Fire" was released in February 2011 and received strong reviews from both the press and their peers alike.  Founded by guitarist and vocalist Andrew Groves and former drummer Daryl Atkins, the band is known for their energetic live shows, and incorporating progressive music, math rock and indie rock into a popular song format.  The band completed their first UK headline tour in June 2011 and ended the summer with slots at Sonisphere and Heavy Festival.  Arcane Roots were asked to cover "Smells Like Teen Spirit" by Nirvana for "Kerrang! " magazine's "Nevermind" Forever Cover CD, in which they were the only unsigned band.  Arcane Roots completed work on their first full-length debut album "Blood & Chemistry" in January 2013.  The album was released on 6 May 2013. <SEP> Blood & Chemistry is the debut full-length studio album by the British alternative rock band Arcane Roots, released on 6 May 2013 on Play It Again Sam. <SEP> Melancholia Hymns is the second full-length studio album by the British alternative rock band Arcane Roots, released on 15 September 2017. <SEP>  After recording independent albums, the band released their first full-length album, "Fallen", on Wind-up Records in 2003.  "Fallen" sold more than 17 million copies worldwide and helped the band win two Grammy Awards out of seven nominations, as well as scoring number six in CBS's "Top Bestselling Albums of the Last 10 Years" (2008).  A year later, Evanescence released their first live album, "Anywhere but Home", which sold more than one million copies worldwide.  In 2006, the band released their second studio album, "The Open Door", which sold more than five million copies. Evanescence is an American rock band founded in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1995 by singer/pianist Amy Lee and guitarist Ben Moody.
Question: Who has reached a higher ranking in the WTA, Jo Durie or Svetlana Kuznetsova?

 During her career, she also reached No. 9 in the world in doubles, and won two Grand Slam titles, both in the mixed doubles with Jeremy Bates. Joanna Mary Durie (born 27 July 1960) is a former singles World No. 5 professional tennis player from the United Kingdom. <SEP> Vera Igorevna Zvonareva (Russian: Ве́ра И́горевна Звонарёва ; ] ; born 7 September 1984) is a Russian professional tennis player.  She was introduced to tennis at the age of six and turned professional in 2000.  Her career high is world No. 2 by the WTA.  Zvonareva has won twelve WTA Tour singles titles and reached the finals of the 2008 WTA Tour Championships, 2010 Wimbledon Championships, and 2010 US Open.  She also was a bronze medalist at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.  In doubles, she has won four Grand Slam titles.  Two of the titles came in women's doubles, the first one at the 2006 US Open, partnering Nathalie Dechy, and the other at the 2012 Australian Open, partnering Svetlana Kuznetsova.  Her other two came in mixed doubles, the first at the 2004 US Open, partnering Bob Bryan, and her second at the 2006 Wimbledon Championships, partnering Andy Ram. <SEP>  Kuznetsova has appeared in four Grand Slam singles finals, winning two, and has also appeared in seven doubles finals, winning twice. Svetlana Aleksandrovna Kuznetsova (Russian: Светла́на Алекса́ндровна Кузнецо́ва ; ] ; born 27 June 1985) is a Russian tennis player.  As a doubles player, Kuznetsova has reached the finals of each Grand Slam at least once, winning the Australian Open twice.  She is currently the No. 8 ranked player on the WTA rankings. <SEP> Clare Jacqueline Wood (born 8 March 1968) is a former British number 1 tennis player from Great Britain who began playing professionally in 1984 and retired in 1998.  She reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 77 in singles (achieved 2 May 1994) and No. 59 in doubles (achieved 21 October 1996).  Wood won one ITF singles title, six in doubles and also won a WTA doubles title at the Wellington Classic having been the runner-up there the previous year.  Her greatest success in singles at Grand Slam level came in 1991 when she reached the third round of the Australian Open.  She also reached the third round in doubles at three of the four Grand Slam events during her career (the exception being the US Open where she never passed the second round) and reached the quarterfinals in the mixed doubles event at Wimbledon in 1995.  At the time of her retirement she had a 212–223 singles win-loss record with notable scalps including Jo Durie and Mary Pierce.
Question: The actor who voiced Shaggy in the "Scooby-Doo" franchise also appeared as a radio personality on what radio network?

Matthew Lyn Lillard (born January 24, 1970) is an American actor, voice actor, director, and producer.  He is known for his roles as Stu Macher in "Scream", Stevo in "SLC Punk! ", Chip in "Serial Mom", and Shaggy Rogers in the live-action "Scooby-Doo".  He has also voiced Shaggy in various "Scooby-Doo" media since 2002. <SEP> What's New, Scooby-Doo?  is an American animated sitcom mystery comedy series produced by Warner Bros.  Animation for The WB television network; it is the ninth incarnation of the "Scooby-Doo" franchise that began with Hanna-Barbera's "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! " and the first of such since the previous incarnation, "A Pup Named Scooby-Doo", ended in 1991.  The series revives the format of "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!" , in which the title character and his companions, Fred Jones; Daphne Blake; Velma Dinkley and Shaggy Rogers, travel to varying locations solving mysteries; this format is modernized for "What's New, Scooby-Doo?" , in which the characters utilize technology that did not exist at the time "Scooby-Doo, Where Are You!"  first aired.  It is the first television series in the franchise in which Frank Welker, Grey DeLisle and Mindy Cohn respectively portrayed the voices of Scooby-Doo, Daphne and Velma; and the final one in which Casey Kasem portrayed Shaggy, having originally quit the role following a dispute regarding the portrayal of the character. <SEP> Kemal Amin "Casey" Kasem (April 27, 1932 – June 15, 2014) was an American disc jockey, music historian, radio personality, voice actor, and actor, known for being the host of several music radio countdown programs, most notably "American Top 40", from 1970 until his retirement in 2009, and for providing the voice of Norville "Shaggy" Rogers in the "Scooby-Doo" franchise from 1969 to 1997, and again from 2002 until 2009. <SEP> John Hogan was CEO and Chairmen of Clear Channel Radio until January 2014, when he retired.  A 30-year radio veteran, he was responsible for the operations of nearly 1200 U.S. radio stations and nationally syndicated radio shows; including those of Rush Limbaugh, Ryan Seacrest, Casey Kasem, George Noory, Donald Trump, and Elvis Duran.
Question: How many Tony Awards does the man who wrote music for the 56th Disney animated feature film have?

 He co-wrote the songs for Disney's "Moana" soundtrack (2016) and is set to star in their upcoming film "Mary Poppins Returns". Lin-Manuel Miranda ( ; born January 16, 1980) is an American composer, lyricist, playwright, and actor best known for creating and starring in the Broadway musicals "Hamilton" and "In the Heights".  Miranda's awards include a Pulitzer Prize, two Grammy Awards, an Emmy Award, a MacArthur Fellowship, and three Tony Awards. <SEP> The Sword in the Stone is a 1963 American animated musical fantasy comedy film produced by Walt Disney and released by Buena Vista Distribution.  The 18th Disney animated feature film, it was the final Disney animated film to be released before Walt Disney's death.  The songs in the film were written and composed by the Sherman Brothers, who later wrote music for other Disney films like "Mary Poppins" (1964), "The Jungle Book" (1967), "The Aristocats" (1970), and "Bedknobs and Broomsticks" (1971). <SEP> Lady and the Tramp is a 1955 American animated romantic musical comedy-drama film produced by Walt Disney and released to theaters on June 22, 1955 by Buena Vista Distribution.  The 15th Disney animated feature film, it was the first animated feature filmed in the CinemaScope widescreen film process.  Based on "Happy Dan, The Whistling Dog" by Ward Greene, "Lady and the Tramp" tells the story of a female American Cocker Spaniel named Lady who lives with a refined, upper-middle-class family, and a male stray mongrel called the Tramp.  When the two dogs meet, they embark on many romantic adventures.  A direct-to-video sequel, "", was released in 2001. <SEP> Moana ( ) is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated musical fantasy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.  Directed by Ron Clements and John Musker, co-directed by Don Hall and Chris Williams, the film introduces Auli'i Cravalho as Moana and features the voices of Dwayne Johnson, Rachel House, Temuera Morrison, Jemaine Clement, Nicole Scherzinger, and Alan Tudyk.  The film features music written by Lin-Manuel Miranda, Opetaia Foa'i, and Mark Mancina.  It is the 56th Disney animated feature film.
Question: Who was the director of an American epic space opera film that starred an actor born March 5, 1989?

Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace is a 1999 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas, produced by Lucasfilm and distributed by 20th Century Fox.  It is the first installment in the "Star Wars" prequel trilogy and stars Liam Neeson, Ewan McGregor, Natalie Portman, Jake Lloyd, Ian McDiarmid, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, Ahmed Best, Pernilla August, Brian Blessed, Ray Park, and Frank Oz. <SEP> Return of the Jedi (also known as Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi) is a 1983 American epic space opera film directed by Richard Marquand.  The screenplay by Lawrence Kasdan and George Lucas was from a story by Lucas, who was also the executive producer.  It was the third installment in the original "Star Wars" trilogy and the first film to use THX technology.  The film is set one year after "The Empire Strikes Back" and was produced by Howard Kazanjian for Lucasfilm Ltd.  The film stars Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Billy Dee Williams, Anthony Daniels, David Prowse, Kenny Baker, Peter Mayhew and Frank Oz. <SEP> Jake Matthew Lloyd (born March 5, 1989) is an American former actor who played young Anakin Skywalker in the 1999 film "", the first in the "Star Wars" prequel trilogy.  He reprised this role in five subsequent "Star Wars" video games. <SEP> Star Wars (later retitled Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope) is a 1977 American epic space opera film written and directed by George Lucas.  It is the first film in the original "Star Wars" trilogy, the first "Star Wars" movie in general, and the beginning of the "Star Wars" franchise.  Starring Mark Hamill, Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher, Peter Cushing, Alec Guinness, David Prowse, James Earl Jones, Anthony Daniels, Kenny Baker, and Peter Mayhew, the film's plot focuses on the Rebel Alliance, led by Princess Leia (Fisher), and its attempt to destroy the Galactic Empire's space station, the Death Star.  This conflict disrupts the isolated life of farmhand Luke Skywalker (Hamill), who inadvertently acquires a pair of droids that possess stolen architectural plans for the Death Star.  When the Empire begins a destructive search for the missing droids, Skywalker accompanies Jedi Master Obi-Wan Kenobi (Guinness) on a mission to return the plans to the Rebel Alliance and rescue Leia from her imprisonment by the Empire.
Question: In what year was the Réserve Naturelle Lomako Yokokala established to protect various endangered chimps?

 Although the name "chimpanzee" is sometimes used to refer to both species together, it is usually understood as referring to the common chimpanzee, whereas "Pan paniscus" is usually referred to as the bonobo. The bonobo ( or ; "Pan paniscus"), formerly called the pygmy chimpanzee and less often, the dwarf or gracile chimpanzee, is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus "Pan"; the other is "Pan troglodytes", or the common chimpanzee. <SEP> The Grand Cote National Wildlife Refuge (French: "Réserve Naturelle Faunique Nationale du Grand- Côte" ) was established in 1989 as part of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan.  It is a 6000 acre reserve located in Avoyelles Parish, near Marksville, Louisiana, in the United States. <SEP> The Carrière des Nerviens Regional Nature Reserve (in French "Réserve naturelle régionale de la carrière des Nerviens") is a protected area in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of northern France.  It was established on 25 May 2009 to protect a site containing rare plants and covers just over 3 ha .  It is located in the municipalities of Bavay and Saint-Waast in the Nord department. <SEP> The Lomako Forest Reserve is found in Democratic Republic of the Congo.  It was established in 1991 especially to protect the habitat of the Bonobo apes.  This site covers 3,601.88 km²
Question: Who is the American actor, filmmaker, musician, and comedian that was in The Lonely Island sketch comedy troupe with fellow American actor, comedian, director, producer Jorma Taccone and Akiva Schaffer, their childhood friend?

Jorma Christopher Taccone ( ; born March 19, 1977) is an American actor, comedian, director, producer, writer, record producer, and musician.  Taccone is one third of the sketch comedy troupe The Lonely Island along with childhood friends Andy Samberg and Akiva Schaffer.  In 2010, he co-wrote and directed the "SNL" spin-off film "MacGruber", which was his directorial debut.  Taccone directed his second feature with Akiva Schaffer, the musical comedy "", which he also co-wrote and co-starred with Schaffer and Samberg.  The film was released on June 3, 2016 to positive reviews. <SEP> Incredibad is the debut studio album of the American comedy troupe The Lonely Island, released on February 10, 2009, through Universal Republic Records.  Composed of writers and childhood best friends Andy Samberg, Akiva Schaffer, and Jorma Taccone, the album consists of hip hop-inspired comedy songs and skits with a satirical slant on traditional hip hop culture. <SEP> Andrew David Samberg (born David A. J. Samberg; August 18, 1978) is an American actor, filmmaker, musician and comedian. <SEP> The discography of American comedy music troupe The Lonely Island consists of three studio albums, twenty singles and thirty-four music videos. Group members Andy Samberg, Akiva Schaffer and Jorma Taccone began creating live skits, comedy shorts and music parodies together in the early 2000s, during their high school years.  The Lonely Island later caught the attention of television producer Lorne Michaels, who was impressed by their material.  Michaels subsequently hired Samberg, Schaffer and Taccone as cast members and writers for his live sketch comedy show "Saturday Night Live".  Two musical shorts created by the group for the show, "Lazy Sunday" and "Dick in a Box", gained popularity on the Internet and garnered much media attention.
Question: Which European empire, divided into autonomous kingdoms and ruled by an emperor with little authority outside of his own kingdom, is the subject of the "Annales mosellani"?

The Byzantine–Bulgarian wars were a series of conflicts fought between the Byzantines and Bulgarians which began when the Bulgars first settled in the Balkan peninsula in the 5th century, and intensified with the expansion of the Bulgarian Empire to the southwest after 680 AD.  The Byzantines and Bulgarians continued to clash over the next century with variable success, until the Bulgarians, led by Krum, inflicted a series of crushing defeats on the Byzantines.  After Krum died in 814, his son Omurtag negotiated a thirty-year peace treaty.  In 893, during the next major war, Simeon I, the Bulgarian emperor, defeated the Byzantines while attempting to form a large Eastern European Empire, but his efforts failed. <SEP> Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or "Cisleithania") and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or "Transleithania") that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I.  The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.  Austria-Hungary consisted of two monarchies (Austria and Hungary), and one autonomous region: the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia under the Hungarian crown, which negotiated the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement ("Nagodba") in 1868.  It was ruled by the House of Habsburg, and constituted the last phase in the constitutional evolution of the Habsburg Monarchy.  Following the 1867 reforms, the Austrian and the Hungarian states were co-equal.  Foreign affairs and the military came under joint oversight, but all other governmental faculties were divided between respective states. <SEP> The Carolingian Empire (800–888) was a large empire in western and central Europe during the early Middle Ages.  It was ruled by the Carolingian dynasty, which had ruled as kings of the Franks since 751 and as kings of the Lombards of Italy from 774.  In 800, the Frankish king Charlemagne was crowned emperor in Rome by Pope Leo III in an effort to revive the Roman Empire in the west during a vacancy in the throne of the eastern Roman Empire.  After a civil war (840–43) following the death of Emperor Louis the Pious, the empire was divided into autonomous kingdoms, with one king still recognised as emperor, but with little authority outside his own kingdom.  The unity of the empire and the hereditary right of the Carolingians continued to be acknowledged. <SEP> The Annales mosellani or mosellenses ("AM") or Moselle Annals are a set of minor "Reichsannalen" (annals of the Carolingian Empire) covering the years 703 to 798.  Its entries are brief and unliterary, but broad in scope and generally accurate.  They have only partially been translated into English.
Question: Which unincorporated community in the northeastern part of the town of Chesterfield in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States is situated at the outlet of a 732 acre water body?

West Chesterfield is an unincorporated community in the town of Chesterfield in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States.  It is located north of New Hampshire Route 9 in a valley leading to the Connecticut River.  Via Route 9, Brattleboro, Vermont, is 3 mi to the west, and Keene, New Hampshire, is 14 mi to the east. <SEP> Island Pond is a 179 acre water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Stoddard.  It is fed primarily by the outflow from Highland Lake, and its outlet is a tributary of the North Branch Contoocook River, part of the Merrimack River watershed. <SEP>  It is situated at the outlet of Spofford Lake and is located along New Hampshire Route 9A.  While no population figures are available for Spofford, it is slightly larger than the town-center village of Chesterfield.  Children who live in Spofford go to Chesterfield School. Spofford is an unincorporated community in the northeastern part of the town of Chesterfield in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States.  Spofford has a different ZIP code (03462) from the rest of Chesterfield. <SEP>  Water from Spofford Lake flows via Partridge Brook to the Connecticut River.  In 2005 the New Hampshire Fish and Game Department named it the cleanest lake in southwestern New Hampshire, despite the amount of motor boating. Spofford Lake is a 732 acre water body located in Cheshire County in southwestern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of Chesterfield.  The village of Spofford is located at the lake's outlet.
Question: A Waste of Shame took its title from the first line of a Sonnet that published in what?

"If They Come in the Morning" is the original title of the better known song "No Time For Love."  It was recorded by Moving Hearts for their 1981 album, and has also been recorded by a solo Christy Moore.  It was written by American singer/songwriter Jack Warshaw in 1976.  The title was borrowed from the book of the same title by Angela Davis, rephrasing the closing line of James Baldwin's letter to her of November 19, 1970: "...if they take you in the morning, they will be coming for us that night."  From its first line the song attacks unjust law in the forms of "apartheid, internment, conscription, partition and silence..." with references to places prominent in the news at the time: Boston, Chicago, Saigon, Santiago (Chile), Cape Town and Belfast.  Warshaw had visited Belfast on a research project and knew fellow Belfast/Derry songwriters The People of No Property whose recording was to be the source of Moore's version.  To Moore and Irish opposition to partition and, as they see it, British occupation of Northern Ireland, it was a freedom anthem.  Moore varied the song's first line, slipping in "we call it" after "They call it the law..." so that its meaning is unmistakable.  He also entered Irish hunger striker Bobby Sands into the fourth stanza after Huey Newton and Bobby Seale in place of "the Panthers," giving the song greater traction through Sands' martyrdom. <SEP>  The composition date is unknown but it was published along with the rest of the sonnets in the 1609 Quarto. Sonnet 129 is one of the 154 sonnets written by William Shakespeare.  The 154 sonnets are typically divided between the "Fair Youth" sonnets (1–126) and the "Dark Lady" sonnets (127–152).  There is no evidence that this division follows the chronology of the sonnets. <SEP>  It takes its title from the first line of Sonnet 129.  It was first broadcast on BBC Four on 22 November 2005 as part of the supporting programming for the BBC's ShakespeaRe-Told season. A Waste of Shame (aka A Waste of Shame: The Mystery of Shakespeare and His Sonnets) is a 90-minute television drama on the circumstances surrounding William Shakespeare's composition of his sonnets. <SEP> "If It Had Not Been For Jesus" is an American Christian hymn (or, gospel song) of unknown authorship.  It was included in four hymnals published between 1905 and 1938.  The title is taken from the first line of the refrain.  An alternative title is the first line of the first verse, namely "I Was a Deep Dyed Sinner".  The song is unusual in that it is in triple metre, with three beats to the bar.  That suggests that the song may have been composed by an individual whose name has been lost, rather than being ascribable only to "traditional".
Question: Which video game company, headquartered in Kyoto, continues to produce Mario games for current generation consoles?

 The franchise's other forms of media include several television series and a feature film.  It was originally created by game designer Shigeru Miyamoto with the arcade "Donkey Kong", released on July 9, 1981.  The games have been developed by a variety of developers including Nintendo, Hudson Soft, and AlphaDream.  Most "Mario" games have either been released for the arcade or Nintendo video game consoles and handhelds dating from the Nintendo Entertainment System to the current generation of video game consoles. The Mario (Japanese: マリオ , Hepburn: Mario ) franchise is a video game franchise published and produced by Nintendo starring the fictional Italian character Mario. <SEP> The "Luigi" video game series is a franchise of survival horror, platform games and puzzle games that is a spin-off of the "Mario" franchise published and produced by Nintendo.  The series revolves around Luigi, Mario's brother.  "Luigi" games have been released for Nintendo video game consoles and handhelds dating from the Nintendo Entertainment System to the current generation of video game consoles.  Two of the original Nintendo Entertainment System "Mario" games have been ported to Wii U and altered to feature Luigi as the protagonist. <SEP> The Yoshi video game series is a franchise of platform games and puzzle games that is a spin-off of the "Mario" series published and produced by the Japanese gaming company Nintendo.  The games have been developed by a variety of developers including Nintendo, Game Freak, Intelligent Systems, Artoon, Arzest, and Good-Feel.  "Yoshi" games have been released for Nintendo video game consoles and handhelds dating from the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) to the current generation of video game consoles.  Some of the original Nintendo Entertainment System and Super Nintendo Entertainment System games have been ported to Game Boy Advance or the Virtual Console (both, in the case of "Super Mario World"). <SEP>  Nintendo is one of the world's largest video game companies by market capitalization, creating some of the best-known and top-selling video game franchises, such as "Mario", "The Legend of Zelda", and "Pokémon".  Founded on 23 September 1889 by Fusajiro Yamauchi, it originally produced handmade hanafuda playing cards. By 1963, the company had tried several small niche businesses, such as cab services and love hotels. Abandoning previous ventures in favor of toys in the 1960s, Nintendo then developed into a video game company in the 1970s, ultimately becoming one of the most influential in the industry and Japan's third most-valuable company with a market value of over $85 billion. Nintendo Co., Ltd. is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and video game company headquartered in Kyoto.  From 1992 until 2016, Nintendo was also the majority shareholder of Major League Baseball's Seattle Mariners.
Question: Which show premiered first The Living Planet or Life After People?

The eighth season of "", an Indian reality and stunt television series premiered first on 22 July 2017 and is broadcast on Colors TV.  The name of the season is "Khatron Ke Khiladi: Pain in Spain".  It airs on Saturday and Sunday nights at 9 PM.  The series is produced by Endemol India of Deepak Dhar.  This season also witnessed Nia Sharma coming back twice after being eliminated. <SEP>  The featured experts also talk about the impact of human absence on the environment and the vestiges of civilization thus left behind.  The series was preceded by a two-hour special that aired on January 21, 2008 on the History Channel which served as a de facto pilot for the series that premiered April 21, 2009.  The documentary and subsequent series were both narrated by James Lurie. Life After People is a television series on which scientists, structural engineers, and other experts speculate about what might become of Earth should humanity instantly disappear. <SEP> The Living Planet: A Portrait of the Earth is a BBC nature documentary series written and presented by David Attenborough, first transmitted in the UK from 19 January 1984. <SEP> Lost Worlds, Vanished Lives is a four-part BBC documentary series concerning the discovery of fossils.  It is written and presented by David Attenborough, produced by Mike Salisbury, and was originally broadcast in April 1989.  It was made in between the second and third instalments of Attenborough's "Life" series: "The Living Planet" and "The Trials of Life", respectively.  The study of rocks and their ancient secrets was something of a boyhood passion for David Attenborough.  In these programmes, his enthusiasm for the subject is undiminished.  With the help of expert palaeontologists, fossil hunters and (for the time) modern animation techniques, Attenborough attempts to show how life evolved in Earth's distant past.  To do so, he travels the globe to visit the world's most famous fossil sites.
Question: The Cukor film adaptation of William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet on screen in 1936 stars this English stage and film actor, director and producer who appeared in "Gone with the Wind" (1939) for which role?

George Dewey Cukor ( ; July 7, 1899 – January 24, 1983) was an American film director.  He mainly concentrated on comedies and literary adaptations.  His career flourished at RKO when David O. Selznick, the studio's Head of Production, assigned Cukor to direct several of RKO's major films, including "What Price Hollywood? " (1932), "A Bill of Divorcement" (1932), "Our Betters" (1933), and "Little Women" (1933).  When Selznick moved to MGM in 1933, Cukor followed and directed "Dinner at Eight" (1933) and "David Copperfield" (1935) for Selznick and "Romeo and Juliet" (1936) and "Camille" (1936) for Irving Thalberg. <SEP> William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet (shortened to Romeo + Juliet) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Baz Luhrmann, co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli, and co-written by Craig Pearce, being an adaptation and modernization of William Shakespeare's tragedy "Romeo and Juliet".  The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet, who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her, despite their being members of the Montague and Capulet family; Brian Dennehy, John Leguizamo, Pete Postlethwaite, Paul Sorvino, and Diane Venora star in supporting roles. <SEP>  The most notable theatrical releases were George Cukor's multi-Oscar-nominated 1936 production "Romeo and Juliet", Franco Zeffirelli's 1968 film "Romeo and Juliet", and Baz Luhrmann's 1996 MTV-inspired "Romeo + Juliet".  The latter two were both, at the time, the highest-grossing Shakespeare films.  Cukor featured the mature actors Norma Shearer and Leslie Howard as the teenage lovers while Zeffirelli populated his film with beautiful young people, and Baz Luhrmann produced a heavily cut fast-paced version aimed at teenage audiences. William Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet may be one of the most-screened plays of all time. <SEP>  Howard also wrote many stories and articles for "The New York Times", "The New Yorker" and "Vanity Fair". Leslie Howard (born Leslie Howard Steiner, 3 April 18931 June 1943) was an English stage and film actor, director and producer.  Howard was one of the biggest box-office draws and movie idols of the 1930s but is probably best remembered for playing Ashley Wilkes in "Gone with the Wind" (1939).  Howard had movie roles in many other notable films, including: "Berkeley Square" (1933), "Of Human Bondage" (1934), "The Scarlet Pimpernel" (1934), "The Petrified Forest" (1936), "Pygmalion" (1938), "Intermezzo" (1939), ""Pimpernel" Smith" (1941) and "The First of the Few" (1942), receiving two nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor.
Question: Who was the son of Baptist Ferdinand Messerschmitt and designed a German single-engine high-wing sports monoplane?

 It was designed by Willy Messerschmitt in 1925 in Bamberg.  This aircraft won many competitions and allowed Willy Messerschmitt to build his first factory. The M 17 was a German single-engine high-wing sports monoplane. <SEP>  He was born in Frankfurt am Main, the son of Baptist Ferdinand Messerschmitt (1858–1916) and his second wife, Anna Maria née Schaller (1867–1942). Wilhelm Emil "Willy" Messerschmitt (/'vĭli 'messer shmĭt/) (26 June 1898 – 15 September 1978) was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer. <SEP> The BFW M.20 (also known as the Messerschmitt M.20 after the designer's surname) was a German single-engine, high-wing monoplane ten-seat passenger transport aircraft, developed in the late 1920s and early 1930s.  Deutsche Luft Hansa used it throughout the 1930s on a variety of routes. <SEP> The Starck AS-80 Holiday is a conventional two-seat, single-engine high-wing monoplane designed and built in France around 1950.  It was sold in kit form but only a few were completed.