Question: When did compulsory national service end in the area that follows the country where government phonology is popular?

the central intelligence agency (cia) is a quasi-independent agency of the united states government. it appears to have multiple leadership. on the one hand its director is appointed by the president. it plays a significant role in providing the president with intelligence. on the other hand, congress oversees its operations through a committee. the cia was first formed under the national security act of 1947 from the army's office of strategic services (oss), which furnished both military intelligence and clandestine military operations to the army during the crisis of world war ii. many revisions and redefinitions have taken place since then. although the name of the cia reflects the original advised intent of presidents franklin d. roosevelt and harry s. truman, the government's needs for strategic services have frustrated that intent from the beginning. the press received by the agency in countless articles, novels and other media have tended to create various popular myths; for example, that this agency replaced any intelligence effort other than that of the oss, or that it contains the central intelligence capability of the united states. strategic services are officially provided by some 17 agencies called the intelligence community. army intelligence did not come to an end; in fact, all the branches of the armed forces retained their intelligence services. this community is currently under the leadership (in addition to all its other leadership) of the office of the director of national intelligence. <SEP> The Boys' Brigade Gazette is a quarterly magazine printed regularly since 1889 in the United Kingdom for the officers and leaders of the Battalions and Companies of the Boy's Brigade in the UK and Ireland. <SEP> when the news arrived at paris of the surrender at sedan of napoleon iii and 80,000 men, the second empire was overthrown by a popular uprising in paris, which forced the proclamation of a provisional government and a third republic by general trochu, favre and gambetta at paris on 4 september, the new government calling itself the government of national defence. after the german victory at sedan, most of the french standing army was either besieged in metz or prisoner of the germans, who hoped for an armistice and an end to the war. bismarck wanted an early peace but had difficulty in finding a legitimate french authority with which to negotiate. the government of national defence had no electoral mandate, the emperor was a captive and the empress in exile but there had been no abdication de jure and the army was still bound by an oath of allegiance to the defunct imperial régime. <SEP> [citation needed] Broadly speaking, government phonology (or its descendant, strict-CV phonology) has a greater following in the United Kingdom, whereas optimality theory is predominant in the United States. <SEP> National Service ended gradually from 1957. In November 1960 the last men entered service, as call - ups formally ended on 31 December 1960, and the last National Servicemen left the armed forces in May 1963. It was decided that those born on or after 1 October 1939 would not be required, but conscription continued for those born earlier whose call - up had been delayed for any reason.