winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Henry Gabriel Cisneros followed what Texas Revolutionary figure as a Latino mayer of a major American city?

Henry Gabriel Cisneros (born June 11, 1947) is an American politician and businessman.  A Democrat, Cisneros served as the 10th Secretary of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) in the administration of President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997.  As HUD Secretary, Cisneros was credited with initiating the revitalization of many public housing developments and with formulating policies that contributed to achieving the nation’s highest ever rate of home ownership.  In his role as the President's chief representative to the cities, Cisneros personally worked in more than two hundred cities spread over all fifty states.  Cisneros' decision to leave the HUD position and not serve a second term was overshadowed by controversy involving payments to his former mistress.  He served as the mayor of San Antonio, Texas, from 1981 to 1989, the second Latino mayor of a major American city and the city's first since 1842 (when Juan Seguín was forced out of office). <SEP>  Numerous places and institutions are named in his honor, including the county seat of Seguin in Guadalupe County, the Juan N. Seguin Memorial Interchange in Houston, Juan Seguin Monument in Seguin, World War II Liberty Ship SS Juan N. Seguin, Seguin High School in Arlington. Juan Nepomuceno Seguín (October 27, 1806 – August 27, 1890) was a political and military figure of the Texas Revolution helping to establish the independence of Texas. <SEP> Raymond L. Telles, Jr. (September 5, 1915 – March 8, 2013) was the first Mexican-American Mayor of a major American city, El Paso, Texas.  He was also the first Hispanic appointed as a U.S. ambassador. <SEP> Linda Medlar-Jones was a principal figure in a high-profile political sex scandal that triggered an exhaustive 2 ½ year, multimillion-dollar investigation by the U.S. Office of the Independent Counsel during the first term of U.S. President Bill Clinton.  The principal target of the investigation was her former lover, Housing and Urban Development secretary Henry Gabriel Cisneros of San Antonio, Texas.
Question: Where was the man behind The joule effect born?

Robin John Christian Millar, CBE (born 18 December 1951) is an English record producer, musician and businessman, known variously as 'The Original Smooth Operator', 'The man behind Sade', and 'Golden Ears' [Boy George].  Born in London to an Irish father and West Indian mother he has conquered blindness to become one of the world's most successful ever record producers with over 150 gold, silver and platinum discs and 55 million record sales to his credit.  His 1984 production of 'Diamond Life' the debut album by Sade was named one of the best ten albums of the last 30 years at the 2011 Brit Awards. <SEP>  Joule studied the nature of heat, and discovered its relationship to mechanical work (see energy).  This led to the law of conservation of energy, which led to the development of the first law of thermodynamics. James Prescott Joule FRS HFRSE DCL LLD ( ; (24 December 1818 11 October 1889) was an English physicist, mathematician and brewer, born in Salford, Lancashire. <SEP> Rob Howie is born into a family of motor racing enthusiasts, December 7, 1972 and he didn't waste time getting involved in the sport.  While still completing his diploma in 1995, and at just 23 years old, he was tasked with running a two-car group N team for Robbie smith and Geoff Goddard, two top names in that form of a racing at the time.  In 1997, he joined forces with Nic Jooste, the man man behind Duncan vos success in touring cars. <SEP> Joule effect and Joule's law are any of several different physical effects discovered or characterized by English physicist James Prescott Joule.  These physical effects are not the same, but all are frequently or occasionally referred to in literature as the "Joule effect" or "Joule law" These physical effects include:
Question: When was the Norwegian professional footballer born who began his career with Norwegian club Tromsø and a member of The Players?

The Players is a Norwegian musical project consisting of five professional footballers: Freddy dos Santos, Morten Gamst Pedersen, Raymond Kvisvik, Kristofer Hæstad and Øyvind Svenning. <SEP> Morten Gamst Pedersen (born 8 September 1981) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Norwegian club Tromsø, the club with which he began his career. <SEP> Magnus Wolff Eikrem (born 8 August 1990) is a Norwegian professional footballer who currently is playing for Allsvenskan side Malmö FF.  His regular playing position is in attacking midfield, though he can play anywhere across the midfield.  Eikrem was born in Molde in the Norwegian county of Møre og Romsdal, and began his football career with his local club, Molde FK, before joining Manchester United at the age of 16 in 2006.  Eikrem transferred back to Molde in January 2011, where Ole Gunnar Solskjær had become the new manager.  Solskjær had also been Eikrem's manager at the Manchester United reserve team.  He joined Dutch club Heerenveen in June 2013, but only stayed for just over six months before making the move to Cardiff City in January 2014.  Eikrem departed Cardiff City on 19 December 2014 after playing a total of only 173 minutes for Cardiff in 11 months. <SEP> Anders Ågnes Konradsen (born 18 July 1990) is a Norwegian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Rosenborg in the Norwegian Tippeligaen.  He has previously played for the Norwegian clubs Bodø/Glimt and Strømsgodset, and the French club Rennes.  He was a part of the Norwegian team that played in the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship, and has also been capped for Norway at senior level.
Question: What actress born June 29, 1982 played in the movie The Veil?

Romy Schneider (23 September 1938 – 29 May 1982) was a film actress born in Vienna who held German and French citizenship.  She started her career in the German "Heimatfilm " genre in the early 1950s when she was 15.  From 1955 to 1957, she played the central character of Empress Elisabeth of Austria in the Austrian "Sissi" trilogy.  Schneider moved to France where she made successful and critically acclaimed films with some of the most notable film directors of that era. <SEP> Alba Ribas is a Spanish actress born in Catalonia.  She played Anna Fritz in the movie "The Corpse of Anna Fritz".  In 2017, she will appear in the Netflix series "Las Chicas Del Cable". <SEP> The Veil is a 2016 American supernatural horror film directed by Phil Joanou and written by Robert Ben Garant.  Jason Blum serves as a producer through his production company Blumhouse Productions.  The film stars Jessica Alba, Lily Rabe, Aleksa Palladino, Reid Scott, and Thomas Jane.  The film was released on January 19, 2016, through video on demand prior to being released through home media formats on February 2, 2016, by Universal Pictures. <SEP>  She received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for her performance as Portia in "The Merchant of Venice". Lily Rabe (born June 29, 1982) is an American actress.  Rabe is best known for her multiple roles on the FX anthology series "American Horror Story", and her lead role as Claire Bennigan on the ABC science fiction series "The Whispers".
Question: For how many weeks has the athlete who defended her title in the 2007 Acura Classic-Singles been ranked world No 1 by the WTA?

Martina Hingis (born 30 September 1980) is a Swiss professional tennis player, a former world No. 1 singles player and currently ranked world No. 2 in doubles by the WTA.  She has spent a total of 209 weeks as the singles No. 1 and has won five Grand Slam singles titles, thirteen Grand Slam women's doubles titles, winning a calendar-year doubles Grand Slam in 1998, and seven Grand Slam mixed doubles titles; for a combined total of twenty-five major titles.  In addition, she has won the season-ending WTA Championships two times in singles and three times in doubles, and an Olympic silver medal. <SEP> The list of WTA number 1 ranked players shows the professional women's tennis players who have been or currently are ranked world No. 1 by the Women's Tennis Association, along with the dates of first reaching and losing that spot.  Since the WTA began producing computerized rankings on November 3, 1975, 24 women have reached the highest singles ranking and 35 women the highest doubles ranking.  The WTA Rankings are a merit-based method for determining the rankings in women's tennis and the WTA releases ranking points weekly based on how players fared during the previous 52 weeks. <SEP> Maria Yuryevna Sharapova (Russian: Мари́я Ю́рьевна Шара́пова ; ] ; born April 19, 1987) is a Russian professional tennis player.  A United States resident since 1994, Sharapova has competed on the WTA tour since 2001.  She is one of ten women, and the only Russian, to hold the career Grand Slam.  She has been ranked world No. 1 in singles by the WTA on five separate occasions, for a total of 21 weeks.  She is also an Olympic medalist, having earned silver for Russia in women's singles at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. <SEP> Maria Sharapova successfully defended her title, by defeating Patty Schnyder in the final.
Question: Who was the parent of Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife, that ruled over the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and India until 1910?

Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife (Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar; 20 February 1867 – 4 January 1931) was the third child and the eldest daughter of King Edward VII of the United Kingdom and Queen Alexandra; she was a younger sister of King George V.  She was the sixth daughter of a British monarch to be styled Princess Royal. <SEP> Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910. <SEP> Duff House Royal Golf Club in Banff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, was founded in 1910.  It was founded as the Duff House Golf Club and became the Duff House Royal Golf Club after subsequently receiving royal patronage, at the request of Princess Louise, Dowager Duchess of Fife, in 1925. <SEP> George V (George Frederick Ernest Albert; 3 June 1865 – 20 January 1936) was King of the United Kingdom and the British Dominions, and Emperor of India, from 6 May 1910 until his death in 1936.
Question: What type of clothing does Valley Apparel L.L.C. produce?

lululemon athletica Inc. ( ), styled as lululemon athletica, is a Canadian athletic apparel retailer.  It is a self-described yoga-inspired athletic apparel company and a designer and retailer of technical athletic apparel, which produces a clothing line and runs international clothing stores from its company base in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  The company makes a number of different types of athletic wear, including performance shirts, shorts, and pants, as well as lifestyle apparel and yoga accessories.  They sell their clothing internationally.  Key competitors include Athleta, Nike and Under Armour. <SEP> Warriors (brand) is a Malaysian corporation that is engaged in the design and manufacturer of football (soccer) equipment and apparel and accessories based in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia.  In Malaysia, they produce kits and training equipment for Kelantan Football Association since 2012.  They also produce jersey, clothing, kits and training equipment for Malaysia Premier League team, Perlis FA for 2013 season. <SEP> Valley Apparel L.L.C. is a United States brand of clothing consisting of Flight jackets and military outerwear manufactured in Knoxville, Tennessee for the United States Armed Forces.  Founded in 1959 and independent since 2000, Valley specializes in military style apparel for both the consumer market and military customers in the United States Department of Defense (DOD). <SEP>  It has evolved into various different styles and silhouettes including the 'letterman' jacket and the fashionable 'bomber' jacket that is known today. A flight jacket is a casual jacket that was originally created for military pilots and eventually became part of popular culture and apparel.
Question: What kind of park did the 2000 Tour de France start in?

The 2000 Tour de France was a multiple stage bicycle race held from 1 to 23 July, and the 87th edition of the Tour de France.  It has no overall winner—although American cyclist Lance Armstrong originally won the event, the United States Anti-Doping Agency announced in August 2012 that they had disqualified Armstrong from all his results since 1998, including his seven Tour de France wins from 1999 to 2005; the Union Cycliste Internationale has confirmed this verdict. <SEP> The 2018 Tour de France will be the 105th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's three Grand Tours.  The start of the 2018 Tour (known as the "Grand Départ") will be in the Vendée department, in the region of Pays de la Loire.  The departments in the Pays de la Loire region hosted the Tour de France's cyclists on its very first edition back 1903.  Since this time, the cities and towns of the Pays de la Loire region have welcomed the Grand Départ of the Tour de France nine times, five of which have set out from the Vendée. <SEP>  The Tour began in Futuroscope with a prologue individual time trial on 1 July and Stage 12 occurred on 13 July with a mountainous stage from Carpentras. The 2000 Tour de France was the 87th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours.  The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 23 July. <SEP> Futuroscope, or Parc du Futuroscope is a French theme park based upon multimedia, cinematographic futuroscope and audio-visual techniques.  It has several 3D cinemas and a few 4D cinemas along with other attractions and shows, some of which are the only examples in the world.
Question: The St. Louis, San Francisco and Texas Railway (SLSF), was a subsidiary railway to the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway, in 1980 it merged into which United States-based railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads?

 It merged into SLSF at the beginning of 1964; SLSF merged into the Burlington Northern Railroad in 1980. The St. Louis, San Francisco and Texas Railway (reporting mark SLSF) was a subsidiary railway to the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (Frisco) operating 159 miles of railway line in Texas.  The Frisco, including the subsidiary, formed a large X-shaped system across the states of Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas, Arkansas, Mississippi and Alabama. <SEP> The Atlantic and Pacific Railroad was a U.S. railroad that owned or operated two disjointed segments, one connecting St. Louis, Missouri with Tulsa, Oklahoma, and the other connecting Albuquerque, New Mexico with Southern California.  It was incorporated by the U.S. Congress in 1866 as a transcontinental railroad connecting Springfield, Missouri and Van Buren, Arkansas with California.  The central portion was never constructed, and the two halves later became parts of the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway systems, now both merged into the BNSF Railway. <SEP>  Burlington Northern operated between 1970 and 1996. The Burlington Northern Railroad (reporting mark BN) was a United States-based railroad company formed from a merger of four major U.S. railroads. <SEP> The Texas Special was a named passenger train operated jointly by the Missouri-Kansas-Texas Railroad (also known as the MKT or the Katy) and the St. Louis-San Francisco Railway (the Frisco).  It was the flagship of both these lines, operating between St. Louis, Missouri, and San Antonio, Texas, from 1915 until 1959, after which time the Katy changed the northern destination from St Louis to Kansas City after the Frisco discontinued service from St. Louis.
Question: Who directed a 2016 American romantic comedy-drama that casts features the daughter of English musician Phil Collins?

Lily Jane Collins (born 18 March 1989) is a British-American actress, model and writer.  The daughter of English musician Phil Collins, and an American mother, Jill Tavelman, she was born in Surrey and moved to Los Angeles as a child.  Her first screen role was at the age of two in the BBC series "Growing Pains".  She went on to study broadcast journalism at the University of Southern California and as a teenager, wrote for "Seventeen" magazine, "Teen Vogue", and "The Los Angeles Times".  She was named International Model of the Year by Spain's "Glamour" magazine after being selected by Chanel to wear one of their gowns at the Hotel de Crillon in 2007.  In 2008, she was named Newest Red Carpet Correspondent and One to Watch in 2008. <SEP> Rules Don't Apply is a 2016 American romantic comedy-drama film written, co-produced and directed by Warren Beatty.  The ensemble cast features Beatty, Annette Bening, Matthew Broderick, Lily Collins and Alden Ehrenreich. <SEP> Buster is a 1988 British romantic comedy based on characters and events from the Great Train Robbery.  It stars musician Phil Collins, Julie Walters, Larry Lamb and Sheila Hancock.  The soundtrack featured two Phil Collins singles which topped the "Billboard" Hot 100 singles chart. <SEP> Hits (stylized as ...Hits), released in 1998 and again in 2008, following the success of "In the Air Tonight" on the Cadbury ad campaign, is the first greatest hits album by English singer-songwriter Phil Collins.  The collection included fourteen Top 40 hits, including seven American number 1 songs, spanning from the albums "Face Value" (1981) through "Dance into the Light" (1996).  One new Collins recording, a cover of Cyndi Lauper's "True Colors", also appeared on the collection and was a popular song on adult contemporary stations.  "Hits" was also the first Phil Collins album to include four songs originally recorded for motion pictures (all of them U.S. number 1 hits) as well as his popular duet with Philip Bailey, "Easy Lover" (a UK number 1 hit).
Question: Which film was released first, Atomic Ed and the Black Hole or Flying Padre?

Flying Padre is a 1951 short subject black-and-white documentary film.  It is the second film directed by Stanley Kubrick.  The film is nine minutes long. <SEP>  The documentary was made for HBO's Cinemax Reel Life Series.  Sheila Nevins served as Executive Producer and Lisa Heller served as Supervising Producer.  Karen Bernstein served as Producer.  Laurie Anderson provided her song, Big Science, for the soundtrack. Atomic Ed and the Black Hole is a documentary released in 2001 by filmmaker, Ellen Spiro. <SEP> What Remains Inside a Black Hole is a Man or Astro-man?  compilation featuring tracks that originally appeared on 7" EPs.  It was released in Australia on Au-Go-Go Records and remains difficult to find in the US.  In 2001 Estrus Records released a compilation entitled "Beyond the Black Hole" which features many of the same songs. <SEP> World Assembly of Youth is a documentary film created in 1952 for the US State Department.  It is believed to be lost but evidence for it was discovered on an early resume sent by Stanley Kubrick to veteran New York film critic Theodore Huff in February 1953.  In the resume and covering letter, Kubrick lists working on this film alongside his other documentaries, "The Seafarers", "Day of the Fight", and "Flying Padre".  The résumé was uncovered by John Baxter, while doing research for his own book, "Stanley Kubrick: A Biography".
Question: Who  envisioned self-sustaining spiritual communities and wrote an autobiography?

World Brotherhood Colonies are an idea for self-sustaining spiritual communities envisioned by Paramahansa Yogananda, the Indian yogi and author of "Autobiography of a Yogi" and founder of Self-Realization Fellowship / Yogoda Satsanga Society of India.  Yogananda envisioned that communities for “plain living and high thinking,” would develop as a natural culmination of the spread of his worldwide teachings. <SEP> Sunburst began as an intentional spiritual community in the late 1960s, inspired by an idea for self-sustaining World Brotherhood Colonies envisioned by Paramahansa Yogananda, the Indian yogi and author of Autobiography of a Yogi and founder of Self-Realization Fellowship.  It was founded and led by Norman Paulsen, one of the direct disciples of Paramahansa Yogananda.  As a child, Norman repeatedly experienced visions of a long-haired man with lustrous dark eyes.  When he met the yogi, he felt that here was the man of his visions. <SEP>  Yogananda was born Mukunda Lal Ghosh in Gorakhpur, India, into a Bengali family. Autobiography of a Yogi is an autobiography of Paramahansa Yogananda (January 5, 1893–March 7, 1952) first published in 1946. <SEP> William B. Strang Jr. (1857–1921) was an American railroad magnate who platted Overland Park, Kansas and is considered the founder of the community.  In 1905, Strang purchased 600 acres south of Kansas City and adjacent to present day Metcalf Avenue and 80th Street.  "Strang envisioned a "park-like" community that was self-sustaining and well planned.  He also sought strong commerce, quality education, vibrant neighborhoods, convenient transportation and accommodating recreational facilities."
Question: Who was the writer of the episode that was played as a looping live stream on Adult Swim's website?

Adult Swim in Australia is an adult-oriented free-to-air television block that airs Sunday nights on 9Go! .  It was originally a separate network that shared channel space with The Comedy Channel, starting 1 January 2008.  Some Adult Swim shows have also aired on SBS2, and in October 2013 full episodes and short clips were made available on Adult Swim's Australian website, which has since become unavailable. <SEP> The third season of the animated television series "Rick and Morty" originally aired in the United States on Cartoon Network's late night programming block, Adult Swim.  The episode was also simulcast as a looping live stream on Adult Swim's site.  It premiered with "The Rickshank Rickdemption," which aired unannounced on April 1, 2017 and was replayed every half hour from 8pm to 12am ET, as part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' prank.  The remaining episodes began airing on July 30, 2017.  The season will feature a total of 10 episodes. <SEP>  It was written by Mike McMahan and directed by Juan Meza-Leon. "The Rickshank Rickdemption" is the first episode in the third season of the American animated television sitcom "Rick and Morty", and the twenty-second episode overall in the series.  The season three premiere first aired unannounced on Adult Swim in the United States on April 1, 2017 when it was watched by 676,000 American households.  On the first day of its original broadcast, "The Rickshank Rickdemption" was replayed every half hour from 8pm to 12am ET with improved ratings, as a part of Adult Swim's annual April Fools' Day joke. <SEP> Junction11 Radio is the student radio station for the University of Reading.  They broadcast locally from the Whiteknights campus in University retail outlets and to the world over the internet live stream on a full-time basis.  The station started broadcasting in 2001 on 1287AM and transferred to solely online live stream in 2007 due to licensing costs and to ensure higher broadcast quality.
Question: Süleymaniye Mosque and Cathedral of the Holy Spirit are located where?

 It is the second largest mosque in the city, and one of the best-known sights of Istanbul. The Süleymaniye Mosque (Turkish: "Süleymaniye Camii" , ] ) is an Ottoman imperial mosque located on the Third Hill of Istanbul, Turkey. <SEP> The Holy Spirit Cathedral (Portuguese: "Catedral Divino Espírito Santo" ) Also Jataí Cathedral or more formally Cathedral of the Divine Holy Spirit, It is a Catholic temple and a symbol and monument of the city of Jataí, in the state of Goiás, in the South American country of Brazil. <SEP> The Cathedral of the Holy Spirit, alternatively known as the "St. Esprit Cathedral" (Turkish: "Saint Esprit Kilisesi"), located on Cumhuriyet Avenue, 205/B, in the quarter of Pangaltı in Şişli district, the former Harbiye, between Taksim Square and Nişantaşı, is one of the principal Catholic churches in Istanbul, Turkey. <SEP> Süleymaniye usually refers to the Süleymaniye Mosque, a 16th-century Ottoman mosque in Istanbul.
Question: What is the best known brand name of the material other than dacron often used to replace the aneurysmal portion of the aorta in OAS?

 The best known brand name of PTFE-based formulas is Teflon by Chemours. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene that has numerous applications.  Chemours is a 2015 spin-off of DuPont Co., which discovered the compound in 1938. <SEP> 'Brand equity' is a phrase used in the marketing industry which describes the value of having a well-known brand name, based on the idea that the owner of a well-known brand name can generate more revenue simply from brand recognition; that is from products with that brand name than from products with a less well known name, as consumers believe that a product with a well-known name is better than products with less well-known names. <SEP> Solid-state electronics are those circuits or devices built entirely from solid materials and in which the electrons, or other charge carriers, are confined entirely within the solid material.  The term is often used to contrast with the earlier technologies of vacuum and gas-discharge tube devices, and it is also conventional to exclude electro-mechanical devices (relays, switches, hard drives and other devices with moving parts) from the term solid state.  While solid-state can include crystalline, polycrystalline and amorphous solids and refer to electrical conductors, insulators and semiconductors, the building material is most often a crystalline semiconductor.  Common solid-state devices include transistors, microprocessor chips, and RAM.  A specialized type of RAM called flash memory is used in flash drives and, more recently, solid-state drives to replace mechanically rotating magnetic disc hard drives.  A considerable amount of electromagnetic and quantum-mechanical action takes place within the device.  The expression became prevalent in the 1950s and the 1960s, during the transition from vacuum tube technology to semiconductor diodes and transistors.  More recently, the integrated circuit (IC), the light-emitting diode (LED), and the liquid-crystal display (LCD) have evolved as further examples of solid-state devices. <SEP> Open aortic surgery ("OAS", also known as Open aortic repair, "OAR") describes a technique whereby an abdominal or retroperitoneal surgical incision is used to visualize and control the aorta for purposes of treatment.  OAS is used to treat aneurysms of the abdominal and thoracic aorta, aortic dissection, acute aortic syndrome, and aortic ruptures.  Aortobifemoral bypass is also used to treat atherosclerotic disease of the abdominal aorta below the level of the renal arteries.  In OAS for abdominal aortic aneurysm, the aneurysmal portion of the aorta is replaced with a graft, usually made of dacron or PTFE.  In 2003, OAS was surpassed by endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) as the most common technique for repairing abdominal aortic aneurysms in the United States.
Question: What nationality was the inventor of the first vacuum pump?

A roughing pump is any vacuum pump (typically mechanical) used to initially evacuate a vacuum system, as a first stage towards achieving high vacuum or ultra high vacuum.  The term "roughing pump" derives from the vacuum range it works in, "rough vacuum", above 1x10 torr (0.1 Pa).  Pumps that operate in the high vacuum ranges typically don't operate, or only operate inefficiently, at atmospheric pressures, whereas pumps that work efficiently at atmospheric pressure usually cannot produce a vacuum lower than approximately 1x10 torr. <SEP> Otto von Guericke (originally spelled "Gericke", ] ; November 20, 1602 – May 11, 1686 (Julian calendar); November 30, 1602 – May 21, 1686 (Gregorian calendar)) was a German scientist, inventor, and politician.  His major scientific achievements were the establishment of the physics of vacuums, the discovery of an experimental method for clearly demonstrating electrostatic repulsion, and his advocacy of the reality of "action at a distance" and of "absolute space". <SEP> The Magdeburg hemispheres are a pair of large copper hemispheres, with mating rims.  They were used to demonstrate the power of atmospheric pressure.  When the rims were sealed with grease and the air was pumped out, the sphere contained a vacuum and could not be pulled apart by teams of horses.  The Magdeburg hemispheres were designed by a German scientist and mayor of Magdeburg, Otto von Guericke, to demonstrate the air pump that he had invented, and the concept of atmospheric pressure.  The first artificial vacuum had been produced a few years earlier by Evangelista Torricelli, and had inspired Guericke to design the world's first vacuum pump, which consisted of a piston and cylinder with one-way flap valves.  The hemispheres became popular in physics lectures as an illustration of the strength of air pressure, and are still used in education.  A pair of the original hemispheres are preserved in the Deutsches Museum in Munich. <SEP>  The first vacuum pump was invented in 1650 by Otto von Guericke, and was preceded by the suction pump, which dates to antiquity. A vacuum pump is a device that removes gas molecules from a sealed volume in order to leave behind a partial vacuum.
Question: Who directed the film Rogue Male staring popular Scottish character actor and West End performer Alastair Sim?

 He also appeared in more than fifty British films, starting in 1935. Alastair George Bell Sim, CBE (9 October 1900 – 19 August 1976) was a Scottish character actor who began his theatrical career at the age of thirty, but quickly became established as a popular West End performer, remaining so until his death in 1976. <SEP>  Made by the BBC, it was adapted by Frederic Raphael and directed by Clive Donner, and also stars Alastair Sim, John Standing and Harold Pinter. Rogue Male is a 1976 British television film starring Peter O'Toole, based on Geoffrey Household's novel "Rogue Male".  It was first transmitted on 22 September 1976. <SEP> Escapade is a 1955 British comedy drama film directed by Philip Leacock and starring John Mills, Yvonne Mitchell and Alastair Sim.  It was based on a long-running West End play of the same name by Roger MacDougall. <SEP> Ronald Fraser (11 April 1930 – 13 March 1997) was an English-born Scottish character actor, who appeared in numerous British plays, films and television shows from the 1950s to the 1990s.  An unusual appearance and unique delivery made him a natural comedic actor.  Fraser was a familiar figure in West End clubs during the sixties, and despite a long-standing reputation as one of the hardest drinking of British actors he was still working in his last years.  He was perhaps best known as Basil "Badger" Allenby-Johnson in the 1970s television series "The Misfit".
Question: Which is a genus of vine, Lamium or Passiflora?

Passiflora mixta, from the family Passifloraceae is also known as "curuba", "curuba de indio", "curuba de monte", "curubita", "palta" (Colombia), "parcha" (Venezuela), and "tacso" (Ecuador).  Originally, it derived from the monophyletic Adeans "Passiflora" subgenus "Tacsonia".  "Passiflora" includes 47 species, one of which is "Passiflora mixta" which can be found in Southern America.  A perennial vine, the "Passiflora mixta" is pink to orange-red in color. <SEP> Passiflora, known also as the passion flowers or passion vines, is a genus of about 500 species of flowering plants, the type genus of the family Passifloraceae. <SEP> Lamium (dead-nettles) is a genus of about 40–50 species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, of which it is the type genus.  They are all herbaceous plants native to Europe, Asia, and northern Africa, but several have become very successful weeds of crop fields and are now widely naturalised across much of the temperate world. <SEP> Passiflora incarnata, commonly known as maypop, purple passionflower, true passionflower, wild apricot, and wild passion vine, is a fast-growing perennial vine with climbing or trailing stems.  A member of the passionflower genus "Passiflora", the maypop has large, intricate flowers with prominent styles and stamens.  One of the hardiest species of passionflower, it is a common wildflower in the southern United States.  The Cherokee in the Tennessee area called it ocoee ; the Ocoee River and valley are named after this plant, which is the Tennessee state wildflower.  This, and other passionflowers are the exclusive larval host plants for the Gulf fritillary and non-exclusive for the variegated fritillary butterflies.
Question: The M6 Motorway and Brockholes are located in which city?

 It is owned by the Wildlife Trust for Lancashire, Manchester and North Merseyside. Brockholes is a nature reserve near Preston, Lancashire, England, just off Junction 31 of the M6 motorway.  Situated in the flood-plain of the river Ribble, it has the UK's first floating visitor village. <SEP> The M6 motorway (Irish: "Mótarbhealach M6" ) is a motorway in Ireland, which runs (together with the M4) from Dublin to Galway.  The M6 extends from its junction with the M4 at Kinnegad all the way west to the outskirts of Galway City, but the Athlone bypass and the approach to Galway city - while of dual carriageway standard - have not been designated motorway and are still signed as N6.  The motorway was officially completed and opened to traffic on 18 December 2009, and was the first city-to-city direct major inter-urban route to be completed in Ireland.  The M6 and M4, which form the Galway-Dublin route, consist of a grade-separated 2+2 dual carriageway road with a top speed limit of 120 km/h.  At approximately 144 km (90 mi), the M6 is the third longest motorway in the state. <SEP> The M6 motorway runs from junction 19 of the M1 at the Catthorpe Interchange, near Rugby via Birmingham then heads north, passing Stoke-on-Trent, Liverpool, Manchester, Preston, Lancaster, Carlisle and terminating at the Gretna junction (J45).  Here, just short of the Scottish border it becomes the A74(M) which continues to Glasgow as the M74. <SEP> The N6 road is a national primary road in Ireland from junction 11 on the M4 motorway at Kinnegad to Galway city.  The N6 and N4 form a continuous motorway or dual carriageway from Dublin city centre to Galway City passing in an east–west direction through the midlands of Ireland.  Most of the road is motorway standard (designated as M6 motorway) with the exception of the Athlone bypass and stretches of urban road in Galway City, which are the only sections of the road that remain designated as N6 dual carriageway.  There is one toll on the road outside Galway city.  Major upgrades to the road were completed in December 2009 completing the first intercity motorway/dual carriageway in Ireland.
Question: Pride & Joy featured the American actor and producer known as Ari Gold on which comedy series?

 The series revolved around a Manhattan couple, Greg and Amy Sherman (played by Craig Bierko and Julie Warner), with a newborn son, and a couple across the hall, Nathan and Carol Green (Jeremy Piven and Caroline Rhea). Pride & Joy, is an American sitcom series that was shown on NBC in 1995.  The series ended after one season. <SEP> Albert Tsai (born August 5, 2004) is an American actor.  He is best known for his roles as Bert Harrison on the ABC comedy series "Trophy Wife" and as Dave Park on "Dr. Ken".  Tsai also has recurring guest appearances as Phillip Goldstein in the ABC comedy series "Fresh Off the Boat".  In 2014, at the age of nine, he earned a Best Supporting Actor nomination from the Critics' Choice Television Awards for his performance on ABC's comedy series "Trophy Wife". <SEP> Jeremy Samuel Piven (born July 26, 1965) is an American actor and producer.  He is known for his roles as Ari Gold in the comedy series "Entourage", for which he won a Golden Globe Award and three consecutive Emmy Awards, and as Spence Kovak on Ellen DeGeneres's sitcom "Ellen".  He also starred in the British period drama "Mr Selfridge", which tells the story of the man who created the luxury English department store chain Selfridges. <SEP> "Entourage" is an American comedy-drama television series created for HBO by Doug Ellin, who also serves as an executive producer along with Mark Wahlberg, Stephen Levinson, Dennis Biggs, Rob Weiss and Ally Musika.  The series, loosely based on Wahlberg's own experiences of the film industry, follows Vincent Chase (Adrian Grenier), a New York born actor living in Los Angeles as he struggles with the ups and downs of a career in Hollywood.  He is aided, and often hindered, by his entourage, which consists of his half-brother and struggling actor Johnny "Drama" Chase (Kevin Dillon), his childhood friend and manager Eric "E" Murphy (Kevin Connolly), his ruthless agent Ari Gold (Jeremy Piven) and his other long-time friend Turtle (Jerry Ferrara).  "Entourage" premiered on HBO on July 18, 2004 and aired its final episode on September 11, 2011.  A total of 96 episodes were aired over eight seasons.
Question: Who was born first, Teinosuke Kinugasa or Max Reinhardt

Gate of Hell (地獄門 , Jigokumon ) is a 1953 Japanese jidaigeki film directed by Teinosuke Kinugasa.  It tells the story of a samurai (Kazuo Hasegawa) who tries to marry a woman (Machiko Kyō) he rescues, only to discover that she is married.  Filmed using Eastmancolor, "Gate of Hell" was Daiei Film's first color film and the first Japanese color film to be released outside Japan. <SEP> A Page of Madness (狂った一頁 , Kurutta Ippēji or Kurutta Ichipeiji ) is a silent film by Japanese film director Teinosuke Kinugasa, made in 1926.  It was lost for forty-five years until being rediscovered by Kinugasa in his storehouse in 1971.  The film is the product of an avant-garde group of artists in Japan known as the Shinkankakuha (or School of New Perceptions) who tried to overcome naturalistic representation. <SEP> Teinosuke Kinugasa (衣笠 貞之助 , Kinugasa Teinosuke ) (1 January 1896 – 26 February 1982) was a Japanese actor and film director.  He was born in Kameyama, Mie Prefecture and died in Kyoto.  Kinugasa won the 1954 Palme d'or at Cannes for "Jigokumon" ("The Gate of Hell"). <SEP> Max Reinhardt (September 9, 1873 – October 30, 1943) was an Austrian-born American theatre and film director, intendant, and theatrical producer.  With his innovative stage productions, he is regarded as one of the most prominent directors of German-language theatre in the early 20th century.  In 1920, he established the Salzburg Festival with the performance of Hofmannsthal's "Jedermann".
Question: As of May 2017, Anthony Joshua is ranked as the world's best heavyweight by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board and BoxRec, the second British boxer, after which British professional boxer, to win both a gold medal at the Olympics and a world title by a major professional sanctioning body, as well as being the first British heavyweight to do so?

Gilberto Ramírez Sánchez (born June 19, 1991) is a Mexican professional boxer.  He has held the WBO super middleweight title since 2016, and is the first boxer from Mexico to win a major world title in that weight class.  As of September 2017, Ramírez is ranked as the world's best active super middleweight by BoxRec, and second by "The Ring" magazine and the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board. <SEP> Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Usyk (Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Олекса́ндрович У́сик ) is a Ukrainian professional boxer who has held the WBO junior heavyweight title since 2016.  As of May 2017 he is ranked as the world's best in the division by "The Ring" magazine, the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board, and BoxRec.  As an amateur, Usyk won gold medals at the 2011 World Championships and 2012 Olympics, both in the heavyweight division. <SEP>  He has held the IBF super-middleweight title since 2015, having previously held the British super-middleweight title from 2010 to 2011, and the European super-middleweight title from 2011 to 2012.  As of May 2017, he is ranked as the world's best super-middleweight by "The Ring" magazine and the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board, and third by BoxRec.  As an amateur, DeGale represented Great Britain at the 2008 Olympics, winning a gold medal in the middleweight division. James Frederick DeGale, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 3 February 1986) is a British professional boxer.  By later becoming IBF champion, he became the first British boxer ever to have won both an Olympic gold medal and a professional world title. <SEP> As of May 2017, Joshua is ranked as the world's best heavyweight by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board and BoxRec, and second best by "The Ring".  His knockout-to-win ratio stands at 100%.  He is also the second boxer, after Joe Frazier, to win a world heavyweight title whilst still reigning as Olympic champion at the top weight.  Joshua is the second British boxer, after James DeGale, to win both a gold medal at the Olympics and a world title by a major professional sanctioning body, as well as being the first British heavyweight to do so.
Question: Were both Jaren Johnston and Rome Ramirez songwriters?

 The lineup initially featured original Sublime drummer Bud Gaugh before his departure in 2011. Roman René Ramírez (born June 11, 1988 in Fremont, California), better known as Rome Ramirez or simply Rome, is an American singer and guitarist best known for playing with Eric Wilson from Sublime and Josh Freese from The Vandals in the band Sublime with Rome.  Despite participation by Gaugh and Wilson, the family of deceased Sublime member Bradley Nowell legally challenged the use of the Sublime name by the surviving members.  Nowell had actually registered the trademark "Sublime" under his own name prior to his death, and had sole ownership at the time of his death.  The lineup featuring Rome, Wilson and Bud Gaugh released their debut album "Yours Truly" on July 12, 2011. <SEP> "Southern Girl" is a song written by Jaren Johnston, Rodney Clawson, and Lee Thomas Miller, and performed by American country music artist Tim McGraw.  It was released in July 2013 as the fourth single from the album "Two Lanes of Freedom". <SEP>  He is a member of the group The Cadillac Three. Jaren Johnston (born October 4, 1980) is an American country music and rock singer and songwriter. <SEP> "Young in America" is a song recorded by American country music artist Danielle Bradbery and written by Whitney Duncan, Jaren Johnston, and Kylie Sackley.  It was released as the second single from her self-titled debut album on April 21, 2014.
Question: Is the King Salmon Airport and the Homer Airport located in the same state of Alaska?

Perryville Airport (IATA: KPV, ICAO: PAPE) is a state-owned, public-use airport located one nautical mile (1.85 km) southwest of the central business district of Perryville, in the Lake and Peninsula Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska.  Scheduled airline service to King Salmon Airport is provided by Peninsula Airways (PenAir). <SEP> Pilot Point Airport (IATA: PIP, ICAO: PAPN, FAA LID: PNP) is a state-owned, public-use airport located in Pilot Point, a city in the Lake and Peninsula Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska.  Scheduled airline service to King Salmon Airport is provided by Peninsula Airways (PenAir). <SEP>  It was formerly the Naknek Air Force Base, named for its location near the Naknek River. King Salmon Airport (IATA: AKN, ICAO: PAKN, FAA LID: AKN) is a state owned, public use airport located just southeast of King Salmon, in the Bristol Bay Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska. <SEP> Homer Airport (IATA: HOM, ICAO: PAHO, FAA LID: HOM) is a state-owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) east of the central business district of Homer, a town in the Kenai Peninsula Borough of the U.S. state of Alaska.
Question: Which erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James is compared to Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied" 

Fifty Shades Darker is a 2012 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James.  It is the second instalment in the "Fifty Shades" trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.  The first and third volumes, "Fifty Shades of Grey" and "Fifty Shades Freed", were published in 2011 and 2012.  The novel is published by Vintage Books and reached No. 1 on the "USA Today" best seller list. <SEP> Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey As Told by Christian, also referred to as Grey, is a 2015 erotic romance by British author E. L. James.  It is the fourth installment in the "Fifty Shades" series, which had its start as fanfiction. <SEP>  It is the first instalment in the "Fifty Shades" trilogy that traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.  It is notable for its explicitly erotic scenes featuring elements of sexual practices involving bondage/discipline, dominance/submission, and sadism/masochism (BDSM).  Originally self-published as an ebook and a print-on-demand, publishing rights were acquired by Vintage Books in March 2012. Fifty Shades of Grey is a 2011 erotic romance novel by British author E. L. James. <SEP> Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied (alternatively titled Miley) is an American short film directed by photographer Quentin Jones and starring recording artist Miley Cyrus.  It was released on May 1, 2014 by the lifestyle website Nowness, although it had been previously used for the introduction of her headlining Bangerz Tour.  Contemporary critics compared "Miley Cyrus: Tongue Tied" to earlier music videos by recording artist Madonna and the erotic novel "Fifty Shades of Grey" (2011), and agreed that it continued to solidify the sexually-explicit public image she had cultivated in 2013.  The black-and-white video displays a topless Cyrus engaging in several sadomasochistic behaviors.
Question: Which ministry is in charge of the service that owns the oceanographic research vessel "Dr. Bernardo A. Houssay"?

Fishery Oceanographic Research Vessel "Sagar Sampada" (FORV "Sagar Sampada") is an Indian research vessel that is equipped to carry out multidisciplinary research in oceanography, marine biology and fishery science.  The vessel is currently managed and operated by the Centre for Marine Living Resources & Ecology (CMLRE), Kochi, a research institute under the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, and is operated from Kochi.  FORV "Sagar Sampada" is a platform for interdisciplinary expeditions in and around the Indian Exclusive Economic Zone, with participation from various institutions, from India and abroad. <SEP>  The former "Atlantis" is now commissioned as an oceanographic research vessel in the Argentine Naval Prefecture as the "Dr. Bernardo A. Houssay". RV "Atlantis" is a sailboat that served as the first and also the main research vessel for the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution from 1931 to 1964.  Several ships, including RV "Atlantis" (AGOR-25) and the "Atlantis" (OV-104) were named after "Atlantis".  Having sailed over 1,300,000 miles to date, she is the oldest serving oceanographic research vessel in the world. <SEP> R/V "Atlantis" is an oceanographic research vessel operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution as part of the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) fleet.  She is the host vessel of DSV "Alvin".  She is named for the first research vessel operated by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, R/V "Atlantis" for which the "Atlantis" is also named. <SEP> The Argentine Naval Prefecture (Spanish: Prefectura Naval Argentina or PNA) is a service of the Argentine Security Ministry charged with protecting the country's rivers and maritime territory.  It therefore fulfills the functions of other countries' coast guards, and furthermore acts as a gendarmerie force policing navigable rivers.