Question: Mutualism is an economic theory and anarchist school of thought that advocates a society where each person might possess a means of production, either individually or in purely ? collectives, with trade representing equivalent amounts of labor in the free market, integral to the scheme is the establishment of a mutual-credit bank, is a financial institution chartered by a central or regional government, without capital stock, that is owned by its members who subscribe to a common fund? 

Mutualism is an economic theory and anarchist school of thought that advocates a society where each person might possess a means of production, either individually or in purely voluntary collectives, with trade representing equivalent amounts of labor in the free market.  Integral to the scheme is the establishment of a mutual-credit bank that would lend to producers at a minimal interest rate, just high enough to cover administration.  Mutualism is based on a labor theory of value that holds that when labor or its product is sold, in exchange, it ought to receive goods or services embodying "the amount of labor necessary to produce an article of exactly similar and equal utility".  Mutualism originated from the writings of philosopher Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. <SEP> In economics, physical capital or just capital is a factor of production (or input into the process of production), consisting of machinery, buildings, computers, and the like.  The production function takes the general form "Y"=f("K, L"), where "Y" is the amount of output produced, "K" is the amount of capital stock used and "L" is the amount of labor used.  In economic theory, physical capital is one of the three primary factors of production, also known as inputs in the production function.  The others are natural resources (including land), and labor—the stock of competences embodied in the labor force.  "Physical" is used to distinguish physical capital from human capital (a result of investment in the human agent), circulating capital, and financial capital.  "Physical capital" is fixed capital, any kind of real physical asset that is not used up in the production of a product.  Usually the value of "land" is not included in physical capital as it is not a reproducible product of human activity. <SEP> International trade and water is a term that is used to describe the relationship between international trade and the water being used by humans.  The substantial increase in human population during the 20th century combined with rapid increases in overall global economic development has resulted in rising challenges for the future of public water management.  The developing world has been particularly impacted by the lack of access to clean water.  Each year, millions of people die due to illnesses, diseases, and lack the capital to create the infrastructure necessary to combat the problem.  These conditions have increased the global demand for clean water and in turn, have pressured free market economists to suggest that wealthy market players are the most efficient solution to addressing water issues.  Several nations can benefit from international trade in water.  Particularly nations with excess fresh water and abundant capital are looking forward to making healthy profits from either the export of water to other nations, or are interested in the investment returns they will earn from participation in foreign markets.  However, not everyone agrees that market forces are best capable of solving water issues.  NGO’s, human rights organizations, and various stakeholders oppose viewing water in economic terms.  These individuals accuse international trade agreements and international economic institutions including the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) of attempting to privatize a resource that they consider a basic human right.  The lack of a common understanding of whether or not water should be viewed as a commodity or a basic human right has resulted in heated debates among legal professionals and leading members of the academia. <SEP>  From this fund claims, loans, etc., are paid.  Profits after deductions are shared among the members.  The institution is intended to provide a safe place for individual members to save and to invest those savings in mortgages, loans, stocks, bonds and other securities and to share in any profits or losses that result. A mutual savings bank is a financial institution chartered by a central or regional government, without capital stock, that is owned by its members who subscribe to a common fund.  The members own the business.