winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Who was the president of faculty of pharmacy at Tehran University,Abbas Shafiee or Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi?

Hassan Farsam (September 27, 1932 in Tehran – February 5, 2016) was an Iranian pharmacist and medical chemist.  He studied pharmacy at Tehran University and became a medical chemistry specialist in 1960.  Farsam received post doctorate in Pharmaceutical Chemistry from Paris University (1964) and University of California (1988).  He was a Professor of Medical Chemistry in Faculty of Pharmacy of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.  He was also a permanent member of the Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences.  He published more than 100 original research papers in international and local journals, and he also trained several generations of pharmacy students.  He supervised many students and inspired them to pursue a research career in the pharmaceutical fields. <SEP> Abū Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariyyā al-Rāzī ( "Abūbakr Mohammad-e Zakariyyā-ye Rāzī", also known by his Latinized name Rhazes or Rasis) (854 CE – 925 CE), was a Persian polymath, physician, alchemist, philosopher, and important figure in the history of medicine. <SEP>  He was the president of faculty of pharmacy at Tehran University.  He published more than 350 scientific articles in peer reviewed international journals. Abbas Shafiee (1937 – June 15, 2016) was an Iranian pharmaceutical chemist. <SEP> Abbas ibn Shith was the king of the Ghurid dynasty.  He overthrew his uncle Abu Ali ibn Muhammad in 1035, and ascended the Ghurid throne.  During his later reign, the nobles of Ghor requested aid from the Ghaznavid sultan Ibrahim, who marched towards Ghor and deposed Abbas ibn Shith.  Abbas was succeeded by his son Muhammad ibn Abbas, who agreed to pay tribute to the Ghaznavids.
Question:  Peter Gwinn attended one of few liberal arts colleges that runs on what system?

Carleton College ( ) is a private liberal arts college in the historic town of Northfield, Minnesota.  The college enrolled 2,014 undergraduate students and employed 245 instructional faculty members in fall 2015.  Carleton is one of few liberal arts colleges that runs on the trimester system. <SEP> The Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, also known as MCLA, is a public, residential, liberal arts college that offers both undergraduate and graduate programs.  Located in North Adams, Massachusetts, it is part of the state university system of Massachusetts.  It is a member of the Council of Public Liberal Arts Colleges.  Originally established as part of the state's normal school system for training teachers, it now offers a wide variety of programs leading to Bachelor of Science and Arts degrees, as well as a Master of Education track. <SEP>  He attended Carleton College in Northfield, MN.  He was a member of The Second City Touring Company from 1997 to 2000.  He has taught at both the I.O. and Upright Citizens Brigade theaters and is the founder of the musical improv group Baby Wants Candy.  He is the author of the 2003 book, "Group Improvisation: The Manual of Ensemble Improv Games".  Gwinn was a staff writer for the TV political satire "The Colbert Report" until 2012-06-14.  He has made several on-screen appearances, as Jimmy the director, as a singer in a "Formula 401" sperm commercial and as a barbecue attendee. Peter Gwinn is an American comedy writer and improviser from Evanston, Illinois.  He has also written and appeared on the 2013 TV series Alpha House, produced by Amazon Studios. <SEP> State University of New York at Purchase also known as Purchase College is a public four-year college located in Purchase, New York, United States.  It is one of 13 comprehensive colleges in the State University of New York (SUNY) system.  Founded by Governor Nelson Rockefeller in 1967 as "the cultural gem of the SUNY system", Purchase College claims to offer "a unique education that combines programs in the liberal arts with conservatory programs in the arts in ways that emphasize inquiry, mastery of skills, and creativity."  Purchase College was ranked 9 in U.S. News & World Report's 2016 listing of top public liberal arts colleges.  The college was listed as one of Kiplinger's 100 Best Public College Values in 2016.  It was also listed in that publication's 2014 list of Best Values in Small Colleges.  The Princeton Review included Purchase College in its 2015 list of The Best 379 Colleges.
Question: Runaway Jury is a 2003 American legal thriller film starring an actor who won the  Academy Award for Best Actor in 1980 for what movie?

Kevin Norwood Bacon (born July 8, 1958) is an American actor and musician.  His notable films include musical-drama film "Footloose" (1984), the controversial historical conspiracy legal thriller "JFK" (1991), the legal drama "A Few Good Men" (1992), the historical docudrama "Apollo 13" (1995), and the mystery drama "Mystic River" (2003).  Bacon is also known for taking on darker roles such as that of a sadistic guard in "Sleepers" (1996) and troubled former child abuser in a critically acclaimed performance in "The Woodsman" (2004).  He is equally prolific on television, having starred in the Fox drama series "The Following" (2013–2015).  For the HBO original film "Taking Chance" (2009), Bacon won a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award, also receiving a Primetime Emmy Award nomination. " The Guardian" named him one of the best actors never to have received an Academy Award nomination.  In 2003, Bacon received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion pictures industry. <SEP> The ARY Film Award for Best Actor Jury is one of the ARY Film Awards of Merit presented annually by the ARY Digital Network and Entertainment Channel to male actor working in the film industry.  Best Actor Jury is one of four awards which are awarded by Jury and considered to be one of five most important awards of the ARY Film Awards, as it represents the main icon of cinematic industry on which all aspects of film such as directing, acting, music composing, writing, editing and other efforts put forth into a drama is depending.  This award is one of the two Best Actor awards in ceremony, in which one is awarded to relevant film actor only by the decision of ceremony Jury, while other is being awarded on Viewers Voting's. <SEP>  Hoffman has been known for his versatile portrayals of antiheroes and vulnerable characters. Dustin Lee Hoffman (born August 8, 1937) is an American actor and a director, with a career in film, television, and theatre since 1960.  He won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1980 for "Kramer vs. Kramer", and in 1989 for "Rain Man". <SEP>  It is an adaptation of John Grisham's 1996 novel "The Runaway Jury". Runaway Jury is a 2003 American legal thriller film directed by Gary Fleder and starring John Cusack, Gene Hackman, Dustin Hoffman, and Rachel Weisz.
Question: For who was the air force base where the 834th Airlift Division held its last assignment named?

 Its last assignment was with Military Airlift Command, assigned to Twenty-Second Air Force at Hickam Air Force Base, Hawaii, where it was inactivated on 1 April 1992. The 834th Airlift Division is an inactive United States Air Force organization. <SEP> The 86th Airlift Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  Its last assignment was to the 60th Air Mobility Wing at Travis Air Force Base, California, where it was inactivated on 1 November 1993. <SEP>  The base merged with the Naval Base Pearl Harbor to become part of the Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam.  The base neighbors Honolulu International Airport and currently shares runways with the airport for its activities and purposes. Hickam Air Force Base is a United States Air Force installation, named in honor of aviation pioneer Lieutenant Colonel Horace Meek Hickam. <SEP> The 313th Tactical Airlift Wing (313th TAW) is an inactive United States Air Force organization.  Its last assignment was with Tactical Air Command, assigned to the 834th Air Division, being stationed at Forbes Air Force Base, Kansas.  It was inactivated on September 2, 1966.
Question: Who is the actress best known for her role on "Little House on the Prairie" that also stars in the "Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" with mother-in-law, Estella Sneider?

 She is perhaps best known for appearing on the "Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" with her daughter-in-law actress Kyle Richards and Kyle's sister Kim Richards. Estella Sneider (also known as Dr. Estella, born September 3, 1950) is a Mexican television and radio personality, sex therapist, psychologist, author, and socialite. <SEP> Vanderpump Rules is an American reality television series airing on Bravo that debuted on January 7, 2013, with the first season originally eight episodes.  A spin-off of "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills", the series features "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" cast member Lisa Vanderpump in the title role and her staff at Vanderpump's West Hollywood, California, restaurant SUR. <SEP> "Vanderpump Rules" is an American reality television series aired on Bravo that debuted on January 7, 2013.  It a spin-off to "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills".  The series features "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" cast member Lisa Vanderpump in the title role and her staff at Vanderpump's West Hollywood, California, restaurant SUR. <SEP> Kyle Richards (born January 11, 1969) is an American actress, television personality, memoirist and philanthropist.  Since 2010, she has appeared as a main cast member on "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills".  She was a contestant on "The New Celebrity Apprentice" (also known as "The Celebrity Apprentice 8"), playing for the charity Children's Hospital Los Angeles.  She began her career as a child actress, appearing in a recurring role on "Little House on the Prairie", and in several horror films, including "The Car" (1977), Tobe Hooper's "Eaten Alive" (1977), and John Carpenter's "Halloween" (1978).  She was the 5th contestant fired, finishing in 12th place and raising $25,000 for her charity.
Question: Was Sammy's Pizza or Regina Pizzeria founded first?

Sammy's Pizza & Restaurant is a landmark regional restaurant brand.  It was founded in 1954 in Hibbing, MN. <SEP> California-style pizza (also known as California pizza or Gourmet pizza) is a style of single-serving pizza that combines New York and Italian thin crust with toppings from the California cuisine cooking style.  Its invention is generally attributed to chef Ed LaDou, and Chez Panisse, in Berkeley, California.  Wolfgang Puck, after meeting LaDou, popularized the style of pizza in the rest of the country.  It is served in a number of California Cuisine restaurants.  Such restaurant chains as California Pizza Kitchen, Extreme Pizza, and Sammy's Woodfired Pizza are three major pizza franchises associated with California-style pizza.  Nancy Silverton's Pizzeria Mozza is also a popular California-style pizza restaurant in Los Angeles. <SEP>  The company was founded in 1926 by Luigi D'Auria in Boston's North End neighborhood. Regina Pizzeria, also known as Pizzeria Regina, and originally called Regina Pizza, is a regional pizza chain in New England.  It has been run by the Polcari family since 1956.  The chain is a part of Boston Restaurant Associates and is headquartered in Lynnfield, Massachusetts. <SEP> The Regina Symphony Orchestra (RSO) was founded by Frank Laubach, in Regina, Saskatchewan, as the "Regina Orchestral Society" in 1908, giving its inaugural concert December 3 of that same year.  Becoming the "Regina Choral and Orchestral Society" in 1919, and merging briefly with the Regina Male Voice Choir as the "Regina Philharmonic Association" in 1924, it returned to independent status as the "Regina Symphony" in 1926, presenting its first regular season (1927–1928) under W. Knight Wilson.
Question: Which building had more designers, 70 Pine Street or Wall Street Tower?

Wall Street Reform or Financial Reform refers to reform of the financial industry and the regulation of the financial industry in the United States.  Wall Street is the home of the country's two largest stock exchanges, and "Wall Street" is a metonym for the American financial sector.  Major Wall Street reform bills include the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933, the Truth in Lending Act of 1968, the Community Reinvestment Act of 1977, the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act of 1999, and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  The most recent Wall Street reform bill, the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, was signed by President of the United States Barack Obama on July 22, 2010, following a global financial crisis. <SEP> 14 Wall Street, originally the Bankers Trust Company Building, is a skyscraper at 14 Wall Street at the corner of Nassau Street and running through to Pine Street in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City.  It sits across Nassau Street from Federal Hall National Memorial, across Wall Street from the New York Stock Exchange and diagonally across from the original headquarters of J. P. Morgan & Company.  It was built in 1910-12 and was designed by Trowbridge & Livingston in the neoclassical style as the headquarters for Bankers Trust.  An addition with Art Deco detailing, designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon, was constructed in 1931-33.  The stepped pyramid at the building's top is a noted part of the downtown skyline, and became the logo for Bankers Trust, which sold the building in 1937. <SEP> Wall Street Tower is a mixed-use building under development in the Financial District of Manhattan.  The building is being developed by Lightstone Group and was designed by British architect David Adjaye.  The building will be funded through the EB-5 visa program and through more traditional sources of capital. <SEP>  It was built in 1931-32 by the Cities Service Company for the oil and gas baron Henry Latham Doherty, and was designed by the firms of Clinton & Russell and Holton & George in the Art Deco style. 70 Pine Street – formerly known as the American International Building, 60 Wall Tower and originally as the Cities Service Building – is a 67-story, 952-foot (290 m) office building located at the corner of Pearl Street and running to Cedar Street in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City.
Question: Which PBS show came first The Mystery of Matter or Baseball?

Mystery!  (also written MYSTERY!)  is a television anthology series produced by WGBH Boston for PBS in the United States.  The series was created as a police and crime drama spin-off to the already established PBS show "Masterpiece Theatre".  From 1980-2006, "Mystery!"  aired mostly British crime series purchased from or co-produced with the BBC or ITV and adapted from British mystery fiction.  In 2002, due to pressure to include more American material, a series based on the novels of US mystery writer Tony Hillerman was produced, but the vast majority of "Mystery!"  programming has always been and continues to be British literary adaptations co-produced with UK-based production companies. <SEP> Hometime is a PBS home improvement television show produced by Hometime Video Publishing of Chaska, Minnesota, in association with WHYY-TV/Wilmington-Philadelphia, and broadcast on public television and in syndication.  It first aired on PBS on November 1, 1986.  In 1992, "Hometime" began airing on TLC (The Learning Channel).  When "Hometime" aired on TLC, Dean Johnson would say ""Hometime" will be right back", this was used when the show goes into commercial breaks.  When the show comes out of commercial breaks, Dean Johnson would say "And now, back to "Hometime"".  The show came to an end on January 30, 2016, and is no longer airing, although episodes of "Hometime" continue to air in syndication. <SEP>  First broadcast on PBS, this was Burns' ninth documentary and won the 1995 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Informational Series. Baseball is a 1994 American television documentary miniseries created by Ken Burns about the game of baseball. <SEP>  The PBS film, in three-episodes of one hour each, was directed by Stephen Lyons and Muffie Meyer. The Mystery of Matter: Search for the Elements is a 2014 American documentary film, which premiered nationwide on August 19, 2015.
Question: Which genus contains more species, Akebia or Verbascum?

Pachyornis is an extinct genus of ratites from New Zealand which belonged to the moa family.  Like all ratites it was a member of the order Struthioniformes.  The Struthioniformes are flightless birds with a sternum without a keel.  They also have a distinctive palate.  This genus contains three species, and are part of the Anomalopteryginae or lesser moa subfamily.  "Pachyornis" moa were the stoutest and most heavy-legged genus of the family.  The most notable species being "Pachyornis elephantopus" - the Heavy-Footed Moa.  They were generally similar to the Eastern Moa or the Broad-billed moa of the genus "Euryapteryx", but differed in having a pointed bill and being more heavyset in general.  At least one species ("P. australis") is assumed to have had a crest of long feathers on its head.  The species became rapidly extinct following human colonization of New Zealand, with the possible exception of "P. australis", which may have already been extinct by then. <SEP>  (also known as velvet plant), is a genus of about 250 species of flowering plants in the figwort family Scrophulariaceae. Verbascum ( ), common name mullein (sg. )  They are native to Europe and Asia, with the highest species diversity in the Mediterranean. <SEP> Akebia is a genus of five species of flowering plant, within the family Lardizabalaceae.  The scientific name, "akebia", is a Latinization of the Japanese name for species Akebia quinata: "akebi" (通草 ) . <SEP> Banksiamyces is a genus of fungi in the order Helotiales, with a tentative placement in the family Helotiaceae.  The genus contains four species, which grow on the seed follicles of the dead infructescences or "cones" of various species of "Banksia", a genus in the plant family Proteaceae endemic to Australia.  Fruit bodies of the fungus appear as small (typically less than 10 mm diameter), shallow dark cups on the follicles of the "Banksia" fruit.  The edges of dry fruit bodies fold inwards, appearing like narrow slits.  The first specimens of "Banksiamyces", known then as "Tympanis toomansis", were described in 1887.  Specimens continued to be collected occasionally for almost 100 years before becoming examined more critically in the early 1980s, leading to the creation of a new genus to contain what was determined to be three distinct species, "B. katerinae", "B. macrocarpus", and "B. toomansis".  A fourth species, "B. maccannii", was added in 1984.
Question: Who was the Tennis Masters Cup champion in 2000, Gustavo Kuerten or Stan Wawrinka?

 He won the French Open singles title three times (1997, 2000, and 2001), and was the Tennis Masters Cup champion in 2000.  Kuerten suffered many problems with injuries which led him to miss a number of tournaments between 2002 and 2005.  After a few failed attempted comebacks, he retired from top-level tennis in May 2008.  During his career he won 20 singles and 8 doubles titles. Gustavo Kuerten (] ; born 10 September 1976), nicknamed Guga, is a retired former World No. 1 tennis player from Brazil. <SEP> Lorenzo Manta (born 27 September 1974 in Winterthur) is a former tennis player from Switzerland, who turned professional in 1992.  The right-hander reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 103 in June 2000.  His best achievement in the grand slam tournaments was reaching the fourth round at Wimbledon in 1999.  There, he had a big upset win over the 1996 Wimbledon champion, Richard Krajicek, in the third round in five sets.  Manta was then defeated by Brazil's Gustavo Kuerten in the fourth round.  He was 4-0 in Davis Cup doubles matches with Roger Federer. <SEP> Stanislas Wawrinka (] ; born 28 March 1985) is a Swiss professional tennis player.  Professionally called "Stan", he reached a career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) world No. 3 singles ranking for the first time on 27 January 2014.  He is sometimes considered as part of the newly established "Big Five", an expansion of the Big Four, which already consists of Roger Federer, Rafael Nadal, Novak Djokovic and Andy Murray.  His career highlights include three Grand Slam titles at the 2014 Australian Open, 2015 French Open and 2016 US Open, where he defeated the world No. 1 player in the final on all three occasions, reaching the final of the 2017 French Open, winning an ATP World Tour Masters 1000 title at the Monte-Carlo Masters in 2014, and reaching three other finals at 2008 Rome, 2013 Madrid and 2017 Indian Wells. <SEP> The 2014 Stan Wawrinka tennis season began at the Chennai Open, where he won the title for the second time in his career.  This was followed by victory at the Australian Open, where he defeated defending champion Novak Djokovic in the quarterfinals, followed by victory over world no. 1 Rafael Nadal in the final, to win his first ever Grand Slam title, launching him to a career-high no. 3 in the world, and the Swiss no. 1 (ahead of Roger Federer) for the first time in his career.  Additionally, he won his first Masters 1000 title, defeating compatriot Federer in the final after coming back from a set down.  During the first half of the season, Wawrinka went a perfect 6–0 against top-10 opponents, including wins against three of the "Big Four" (Djokovic, Nadal, and Federer).  He also reached the semifinals of the ATP World Tour Finals for the second time in a row and finished the year helping Switzerland win their first Davis Cup.
Question: The artist who released "State of Grace" and "Begin Again" is known for singing about what topic?

 It was released to the iTunes Store on October 16, 2012, in the United States by Big Machine Records as the fourth and final promotional single from the album.  It was the only promotional single from the album that was not re-issued as an official single, as "Begin Again", "Red", and "I Knew You Were Trouble", were all later re-issued as official singles.  The song was written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman and Swift.  Musically, the song is a departure from Swift's typical country pop, using influences of alternative rock while being compared to bands such as U2, Muse and The Cranberries.  The song has received immense praise from music critics, who have complimented its broader sound in comparison with Swift's previous material. "State of Grace" is a song by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift from her fourth studio album "Red" (2012). <SEP> "Begin Again" is a song written and recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for her fourth studio album, "Red" (2012).  Swift co-produced the song with Nathan Chapman and Dann Huff.  Initially released as a promotional single on September 25, 2012 by Big Machine Records, the song served as the second single from "Red" on October 1, 2012.  "Begin Again" is a country song, with the lyrical content finds Swift falling in love again after a failed relationship. <SEP> A pathfinder is a bibliography created to help begin research in a particular topic or subject area.  (Pathfinders are also referred to as subject guides, topic guides, research guides, information portals, resource lists or study guides).  Pathfinders produced by the Library of Congress are known as "tracer bullets".  What is special about a pathfinder is that it only refers to the information in a specific location, i.e. the shelves of a local library. <SEP> Vocal range is the measure of the breadth of pitches that a human voice can phonate.  Its most common application is within the context of singing, where it is used as a defining characteristic for classifying singing voices into groups known as voice types.  It is also a topic of study within linguistics, phonetics, and speech and language pathology, particularly in relation to the study of tonal languages and certain types of vocal disorders, although it has little practical application in terms of speech.
Question: The Guard is a 2011 Irish buddy cop comedy film that become the  the most successful independent Irish film of all time when it overtook a film heavily influenced by what novel?

Juanita Wilson is an Irish director and writer from Dublin.  Her short film "The Door" received an Irish Film and Television Award (IFTA) in 2009 and an Academy Award nomination in 2010.  Her debut feature film "As If I Am Not There" received the 2011 Irish Film and Television Award for best film, best script, and best director. <SEP>  It is the most successful independent Irish film of all time in terms of Irish box-office receipts, overtaking "The Wind that Shakes the Barley" (2006), which previously held this status. The Guard is a 2011 Irish buddy cop comedy film written and directed by John Michael McDonagh, starring Brendan Gleeson, Don Cheadle, Mark Strong and Liam Cunningham. <SEP>  Written by long-time Loach collaborator Paul Laverty, this drama tells the fictional story of two County Cork brothers, Damien O'Donovan (Cillian Murphy) and Teddy O'Donovan (Pádraic Delaney), who join the Irish Republican Army to fight for Irish independence from the United Kingdom.  The film takes its title from the Robert Dwyer Joyce's "The Wind That Shakes the Barley", a song set during the 1798 rebellion in Ireland and featured early in the film. The Wind That Shakes the Barley is a 2006 war drama film directed by Ken Loach, set during the Irish War of Independence (1919–1921) and the Irish Civil War (1922–1923).  The film is heavily influenced by Walter Macken's 1964 novel "The Scorching Wind". <SEP> A buddy cop film is a film with plots involving two people of very different and conflicting personalities who are forced to work together to solve a crime and/or defeat criminals, sometimes learning from each other in the process.  The two are normally cops, but some films, such as "48 Hrs. " (a cop and a con), that are not about two cops may still be referred to as buddy cop films.  It is a subgenre of buddy films.
Question: Which performer on the EP "Twinkle" also performed on the Korean stage musical version of "Mamma Mia"?

Daniel C. Levine is a Broadway actor.  Levine grew up in Framingham, Massachusetts and graduated from Brandeis University and Tufts University.  He has performed in the Broadway shows "Les Misérables", "Chicago", "Mamma Mia! ", "The Rocky Horror Show", "Jesus Christ Superstar", "Tommy", and "Little Shop of Horrors".  He co-starred on "Beverly Hills, 90210" and "General Hospital".  Daniel co-starred in the musical version of "Chicago" with Debbie Gibson.  He has also appeared in several films and commercials.  He starred as Cousin Kevin in the National Tour of "The Who's Tommy". <SEP> Happy Sunday (Korean: 해피 선데이 ) is a Korean reality-variety show shown on the KBS2 network, which competes directly against MBC's "Sunday Night" and SBS's "Good Sunday" line-up.  Although it has been broadcast since 2003, its line-up of shows has frequently changed, with a complete revamp occurring in Spring of 2007.  At that time, three new shows were introduced – "Are You Ready", "High-Five", and "Immortal Songs".  Due to its poor reception, "Are You Ready" quickly evolved into "1 Night 2 Days", with most of its cast intact.  In late November 2008, "Happy Sunday" had a revamp of its shows keeping "1 Night 2 Days" as the second segment and bringing back "Immortal Songs" which was previously liked by viewers.  However in late March, "Immortal Songs" ended once again and was replaced with "Qualifications of Men", making "Happy Sunday" an all-male cast, with a total of 14 members.  In 2013, "Qualifications of Men" was cancelled and replaced with "Star Family Show Mamma Mia".  On November 3, 2013 "Star Family Show Mamma Mia" was moved to Wednesday nights and replaced with "The Return of Superman". <SEP>  It is composed of three Girls' Generation members: Taeyeon, Tiffany, and Seohyun. Girls' Generation-TTS (, also known as TTS, TaeTiSeo, or Girls' Generation-TaeTiSeo) is a subgroup of South Korean girl group Girls' Generation, formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2012.  The group has released three EPs: "Twinkle" (2012), "Holler" (2014), and "Dear Santa" (2015). <SEP>  She debuted as a member of girl group Girls' Generation (and later its subgroup TTS) in August 2007, who went on to be one of the best-selling artists in South Korea and one of South Korea's most popular girl groups worldwide.  Apart from her group's activities, she has established herself as an actress, notably through her participation in the original and Korean versions of stage musicals including "Moon Embracing the Sun", "Gone with the Wind" and "Mamma Mia". Seo Ju-hyun (born June 28, 1991), known professionally as Seohyun, is a South Korean singer and actress.  She also starred in the drama "".  She debuted as a solo artist with her debut mini album, "Don't Say No", on January 17, 2017, making her the third Girls' Generation member to debut as a solo artist.
Question: What film was released first, That Darn Cat! or Heavyweights?

That Darn Cat is a 1997 American mystery comedy film starring Christina Ricci and Doug E. Doug.  It is a remake of the 1965 film "That Darn Cat! ", which in turn was based on the book "Undercover Cat" by Gordon and Mildred Gordon.  It is directed by British TV veteran Bob Spiers (most famous for "Fawlty Towers", as well as "Spice World") and written by Scott Alexander and Larry Karaszewski, best known for "Ed Wood" and the first two "Problem Child" films. <SEP> Toys in the Attic (Czech: Na půdě aneb Kdo má dneska narozeniny?  ; festival title: In the Attic: Who Has a Birthday Today?)  is a 2009 Czech-French-Japanese-Slovak primarily stop-motion animated fantasy comedy thriller family film directed by Jiří Barta and written by Edgar Dutka and Barta which depicts a community of toys and other objects in an attic who come to life when no human is around.  It is an international co-production of Czech, Japanese and Slovak companies.  The film was released first in the Czech Republic on 5 March 2009 and has been shown subtitled at film festivals internationally.  An American dub – adapted, produced and directed by Vivian Schilling and performed by actors including Forest Whitaker, Joan Cusack, Cary Elwes and Schilling herself – has been recorded, which the film was first shown with on 3 March 2012 at the New York International Children's Film Festival and was released nationally on 24 August 2012 by Hannover House. <SEP> That Darn Cat!  is a 1965 American Walt Disney Productions thriller comedy film starring Hayley Mills (in her last of the six films she made for the Walt Disney Studios) and Dean Jones (starring in his first film for Disney) in a story about bank robbers, a kidnapping and a mischievous cat.  The film was based on the 1963 novel "Undercover Cat" by Gordon and Mildred Gordon and was directed by Robert Stevenson.  The title song was written by the Sherman Brothers and sung by Bobby Darin.  The 1997 remake includes a cameo appearance by Dean Jones. <SEP> Heavyweights is a 1995 American comedy-drama film directed by Steven Brill and written by Brill with Judd Apatow.  The film centers around a fat camp for kids that is taken over by a fitness guru named Tony Perkis (Ben Stiller).
Question: What 2007 film created by Cayden Burke is being parodied in the 2012 comedy film Supernatural Activity?

 Created by Cayden Burke, the original film was widely released in 2007. Paranormal Activity is an American supernatural horror film series consisting of five films and a spin-off film. <SEP>  It parodies various supernatural films, such as "Paranormal Activity", "The Last Exorcism", and "The Exorcism of Emily Rose".  It stars Joey Oglesby, Donny Boaz, Andrew Pozza, Devin Bonnée, and Lizabeth Waters as paranormal investigators. Supernatural Activity is a 2012 comedy film directed by Derek Lee Nixon. <SEP> Elizabeth Moran (born 1984) is an American photographer.  Her work explores unseen and possibly unexplained pasts, as well as photographing what could be considered unphotographable.  She has created photo series examining such subject matter as porn film sets depicted without any people present, and the exploration of supernatural activity, particularly around her mother's childhood home.  Kink.com founder Peter Acworth, who welcomed Moran into the company's studios in The Armory, spoke positively of Moran's depictions, saying that her approach "shows that behind all the fantasy of the Kink is a world that is, in many ways, very normal."  Her work exploring supernatural activity, which includes references to nineteenth-century “spirit photography,” caught the attention of ghost hunters who would consult with her on the possible validity of suspected photographs of ghosts. <SEP> Wills & Burke (also known as The Wacky World of Wills & Burke and Wills & Burke: The Untold Story) is a 1985 Australian black comedy film about the Burke and Wills expedition.  It opened a week before "Burke & Wills", a serious drama about the expedition.
Question: Billy & Mandy: Wrath of the Spider Queen first aired on the cable network that launched on what date?

Evil Con Carne is an American animated series/spin-off of "Grim & Evil" and sister show of "The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy", created by Maxwell Atoms.  The series first appeared on Cartoon Network during the show "Grim & Evil", along with "The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy".  The two series later became separate programs in 2003.  While "The Grim Adventures of Billy & Mandy" runs for six seasons, "Evil Con Carne" only runs fourteen episodes and ended on October 22, 2004.  It was also part of Cartoon Network's series, "Cartoon Cartoons", and is the 15th and final cartoon of the series (albeit on when it was part of "Grim & Evil", due to the "Cartoon Cartoons" brand was temporary discontinued earlier in June 2003; the show itself is considered by some to be a "Cartoon Cartoon" regardless).  An official series finale, titled "Company Halt", aired on March 16, 2007. <SEP>  It was founded by Betty Cohen and launched on October 1, 1992. Cartoon Network is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by The Cartoon Network, Inc., a subsidiary of Turner Broadcasting System, itself being a subsidiary of Time Warner. <SEP> Billy & Mandy: Wrath of the Spider Queen is the second made-for-TV movie from "The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy".  The movie first aired on Cartoon Network on July 6, 2007.  The film is a sequel to "Billy & Mandy's Big Boogey Adventure". <SEP> Dissolution is a fantasy novel by Richard Lee Byers.  It is the first book of the "War of the Spider Queen" hexad, based on the "Forgotten Realms" setting of the "Dungeons & Dragons" fantasy role-playing game.
Question: What positions did the captain of the team that won the 16th edition of Major League Soccer's championship match play?

The Major League Soccer Championship ring is an annual award given by Major League Soccer to the winners of the MLS Cup, the championship match.  The last team to receive championship rings was Seattle Sounders FC, who were the winners of the MLS Cup 2016. <SEP>  He holds numerous individual records in Major League Soccer (MLS) and for the United States national team and is often regarded as the greatest American men's soccer player of all-time. Landon Timothy Donovan (born March 4, 1982) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a forward and attacking midfielder. <SEP>  The match was played at the Home Depot Center in Carson, California on November 20, 2011. MLS Cup 2011, the 16th edition of Major League Soccer's championship match, was played between the Houston Dynamo and the Los Angeles Galaxy to decide the champion of the 2011 season.  Los Angeles won their third championship, defeating Houston 1–0 off a 72nd-minute goal from Galaxy captain Landon Donovan.  David Beckham and Robbie Keane assisted the game's lone goal.  With the win, the Galaxy became the first team since the Columbus Crew in 2008 to win both the Supporters' Shield and MLS Cup in the same year. <SEP> The 2011 Major League Soccer All-Star Game, held on July 27, 2011, was the 16th annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, a soccer match involving all-stars from Major League Soccer.  The MLS All-Stars faced Manchester United of the English Premier League for the second year running in the eighth MLS All-Star Game to feature international opposition.  Manchester United won the game 4–0 with goals from Anderson, Park Ji-Sung, Dimitar Berbatov and Danny Welbeck.
Question: The Gambler is a 1997 drama film starring an English Actress who remains the youngest recipient of the Best Actress award at what festival?

Rebecca Lim is a Singaporean actress who has acted in several English and Chinese dramas produced by MediaCorp.  Lim is best known for her portrayal of Wendy Lim, a trainee lawyer in the Channel 5 television series "The Pupil", for which she won the Best Actress Award at the 15th Asian Television Awards in 2010.  She also won the Best Supporting Actress Award at the Star Awards 2014 for her portrayal as Lisa Xiao in "The Dream Makers".  In 2015, her comedic performance in "Yes We Can! " earned Lim her very first Best Actress Award at MediaCorp's annual Star Awards Ceremony, after being tipped to win by local media outlets.  Lim has an official fan club called "The Becker's Team". <SEP> Louanne Sirota, also known as simply Louanne, is an American actress and singer.  She played the title role in "Annie" in the 2nd National Company in Los Angeles in 1979.  At the time, she was the youngest ever picked for the role.  After her breakthrough in the film "Oh, God!  Book II", she was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actress in 1981.  She went on to play Annie again in the 1st National Company in 1981 for which she became the youngest recipient of the Drama-Logue Award for outstanding performance in 1981.  She was seen as herself in the 2006 documentary "Life After Tomorrow", about the women who have played orphans in "Annie". <SEP> The Gambler is a 1997 drama film directed by Károly Makk and starring Michael Gambon, Jodhi May and Polly Walker.  It is set around the writing of the novel "The Gambler" by Fyodor Dostoyevsky. <SEP>  She remains the youngest recipient of the Best Actress award at the Cannes Film Festival, for "A World Apart" (1988). Jodhi Tania May (born Jodhi Tania Edwards; 8 May 1975) is an English stage, film, and television actress.
Question: The suburb of Parafield Gardens, South Australia is the home to the Electoral district of Ramsay. Who is the electoral district named after?

Ramsay is an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia.  It is named after Alexander Ramsay, who was General Manager of the South Australian Housing Trust for 25 years.  It is a 24.7 km² suburban electorate north of Adelaide—based on the angle between Main North Road and the Port Wakefield Road, Ramsay covers the outer northern Adelaide suburbs of Brahma Lodge, Parafield, Salisbury, Salisbury Downs, Salisbury Plain and Salisbury South as well as parts of Parafield Gardens, Paralowie and Salisbury North. <SEP> Colombo East electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between July 1977 and February 1989.  The district was named after the city of Colombo in Colombo District, Western Province.  The district was created by the division of the Colombo South Electoral District into Colombo East and Colombo West electoral districts in July 1977.  The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament.  The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Colombo East electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Colombo East continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district. <SEP>  The suburb is largely residential, with a pocket of industrial land in the southwest corner. Parafield Gardens is a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia.  There are two small shopping centres in the area, one on Salisbury Highway which has a Foodland (South Australia), and another on Sheperdson Road which has an Independent Grocers of Australia. <SEP> Colombo West electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between July 1977 and February 1989.  The district was named after the city of Colombo in Colombo District, Western Province.  The district was created by the division of the Colombo South Electoral District into Colombo East and Colombo West electoral districts in July 1977.  The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament.  The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Colombo West electoral district was replaced by the Colombo multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the PR system, though Colombo West continues to be a polling division of the multi-member electoral district.
Question: Which member of the Volkswagen Group did Tommy Kristoffersson drove for?

 In the beginning of his career he competed in rallycross for Audi before starting a team in the Swedish Touring Car Championship (STCC) in 1998 running Audi A4 Quattros with himself as one of the drivers.  Tommy Kristoffersson has competed for his team from 1998 to 2008, finishing 4th overall in 1998 and 2001.  He retired from the STCC before the start of the 2009 season, as Kristoffersson Motorsport was struggling in the championship three years after Audi pulled out from backing his team. Tommy Sten Kristoffersson, actually Tommy Sten Kristoffersen, (born 1 May 1959 in Arvika) is a Swedish race car driver whose father hails from Denmark. <SEP> Kristoffersson Motorsport is a Swedish auto racing team owned by racing driver Tommy Kristoffersson.  It currently competes in the FIA World Rallycross Championship and Swedish Touring Car Championship, with Tommy's son Johan Kristoffersson as one of the drivers.  The team has raced under several sponsored names, such as Team Biogas.se, Volkswagen Dealer Team KMS, Volkswagen Team Sweden, Volkswagen RX Sweden and PSRX Volkswagen World RX Team Sweden. <SEP> Johan David Kristoffersson (actually Johan David Kristoffersen), born 6 December 1988, is a Swedish racecar driver with Danish roots.  He is the son of former racing driver and Kristoffersson Motorsport (KMS) team owner Tommy Kristoffersson.  He won the Superstars Series championship in 2012, the same year in which he claimed the Scandinavian Touring Car Championship and Porsche Carrera Cup Scandinavia titles, and he is the champion of the 2017 FIA World Rallycross Championship. <SEP>  Audi-branded vehicles are produced in nine production facilities worldwide. Audi AG (] ) is a German automobile manufacturer that designs, engineers, produces, markets and distributes luxury vehicles. Audi is a member of the Volkswagen Group and has its roots at Ingolstadt, Bavaria, Germany.
Question: Which squadron was inactivated on September 30 1968 at an Air force base in Rome, New York, about 15 miles northwest of Utica?

The United States Air Force's 102d Intelligence Wing (102 IW), of the Massachusetts Air National Guard, is a military intelligence unit located at Otis Air National Guard Base, Massachusetts.  Its primary subordinate operational unit is the 101st Intelligence Squadron.  According to the Air Force, the history of the 102d begins with the 318th Fighter Group, which was active during World War II.  After the war, the 318th was inactivated, and eventually the 102d Fighter Wing was formed, which had a direct lineage link.  In 1946, the 102d was activated at Logan International Airport where it stayed until 1968, when it moved to Otis Air Force Base.  Beginning in 1946, the wing began regular patrols of the Northeastern United States which took place in conjunction with Air Force active duty units.  In 1968, the 102d was moved to Otis, where it continued its regular patrols until 1973. <SEP>  Missions at Griffiss AFB included fighter interceptors, electronic research, installation, and support activities, aerial refueling, and bombers. Opened in 1942, the base closed pursuant to BRAC action in 1995 and its airfield is now Griffiss International Airport, owned by Oneida County.  In November 1984 the site was added to the National Priorities List because hazardous chemicals were found in soil and ground water. Griffiss Air Force Base is a former United States Air Force installation, located in Rome, New York, about 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Utica in central New York state.  Solvents, lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) had been disposed in landfills and dry wells <SEP> The 971st Airborne Warning and Control Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit designation.  It was designated on 15 January 1985 by the consolidation of the World War II 1st Troop Carrier Squadron, which was inactivated on 18 December 1945 at Fort Lawton, Washington; the 1st Strategic Support Squadron, which was inactivated on 15 January 1959 at Biggs Air Force Base, Texas, and the 1st Air Transport Squadron, which was inactivated on 20 June 1971 at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. <SEP> The 438th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  Its last assignment was with 507th Fighter Wing at Griffiss Air Force Base, New York, where it was inactivated on 30 September 1968.
Question: Which railway between Clifton Junction near Penrith and Kirkby Stephen via Appleby-in-Westmorland was restored by the The Stainmore Railway Company after 2000?

Dixon Fold railway station was built on the Manchester and Bolton Railway, between Clifton Junction railway station (Manchester to Preston Line) and Kearsley railway station, in Clifton near Pendlebury.  It opened in 1841.  Maps of the area from 1848 give it the name "Clifton Station", which should not to be confused with the nearby Clifton railway station on Rake Lane (formerly named Clifton Junction railway station), which opened in 1847.  The station closed between 2 August 1926 and 7 March 1927, but was closed permanently on 18 May 1931.  The station was demolished after closure. <SEP> The South Durham & Lancashire Union Railway (SD&LUR), built a railway line linking the Stockton & Darlington Railway near Bishop Auckland with the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway (the West Coast Main Line) at Tebay, via Barnard Castle, Stainmore Summit and Kirkby Stephen.  The line opened in 1861 and became known as the Stainmore Line. <SEP>  In 1997 a company called Stainmore Properties Ltd. was formed, with the intention to convert KSE into an authentic North Eastern Railway focused heritage centre representing the early 1950s.  The Stainmore Railway Company was subsequently formed to restore the site.  Since then essential repairs have been made to the roof and station, a number of rooms have been restored and a short section of track has been laid along the formation of the old Eden Valley Railway, with some sidings and yard infrastructure within the station area and surroundings. Stainmore Railway Company is a volunteer run non-profit preservation company formed in 2000 with the aim of restoring Kirkby Stephen East railway station in Kirkby Stephen, Cumbria, England.  A quantity of rolling stock that is authentic to the site has also been brought in. <SEP>  It ran between Clifton Junction near Penrith and Kirkby Stephen via Appleby-in-Westmorland. The Eden Valley Railway (EVR) was a railway in Cumbria, England.