winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: On what date do citizens elect members of the political body that was granted the right to choose the 1824 president by the entity that also grants power to enact statutes?

article four of the united states constitution also states that the congress has the power to enact laws respecting the territory or other property belonging to the united states. federal jurisdiction exists over any territory thus subject to laws enacted by the congress. <SEP> The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote. <SEP> under the twelfth amendment, the senate has the power to elect the vice president if no vice presidential candidate receives a majority of votes in the electoral college. the twelfth amendment requires the senate to choose from the two candidates with the highest numbers of electoral votes. electoral college deadlocks are rare. the senate has only broken a deadlock once; in 1837, it elected richard mentor johnson. the house elects the president if the electoral college deadlocks on that choice. <SEP> The United States Code is the official compilation and codification of the general and permanent federal statutes. Many statutes give executive branch agencies the power to create regulations, which are published in the Federal Register and codified into the Code of Federal Regulations. Regulations generally also carry the force of law under the Chevron doctrine. Many lawsuits turn on the meaning of a federal statute or regulation, and judicial interpretations of such meaning carry legal force under the principle of stare decisis. Federal law originates with the Constitution, which gives Congress the power to enact statutes for certain limited purposes like regulating interstate commerce. <SEP> Elections will be held to elect representatives from all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states. The 2018 United States House of Representatives elections will be held on November 6, 2018. Non-voting delegates from the District of Columbia and four of the five inhabited U.S. territories will also be elected. The winners of this election will serve in the 116th United States Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2010 United States Census. Republicans have held a House majority since January 2011 (see 2010 results), although they lost six seats in the 2016 elections.
Question: Who breaks a tie in the body that was given authority to choose the president in 1824 by the document that did not include the phrase "Wall of separation"?

While having the same right to vote as any member of the House, the Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, to maintain the appearance of impartiality, typically does not vote unless doing so would make a difference. This is, in effect, a casting vote. <SEP> the phrase "[a] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by baptist theologian roger williams, the founder of the colony of rhode island, in his 1644 book the bloody tenent of persecution. the phrase was later used by thomas jefferson as a description of the first amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch of the federal government, in an 1802 letter to the danbury baptists (a religious minority concerned about the dominant position of the congregationalist church in connecticut): <SEP> the phrase ``said the actress to the bishop ''is a colloquial and vulgar british exclamation, offering humour by serving as a punch line that exposes an unintended double entendre. an equivalent phrase in north america is`` that's what she said''. each phrase is an example of a wellerism, exposing a second meaning of what precedes it. the versatility of such phrases, and their popularity, lead some to consider them clichéd. <SEP> The lone dissenter, Justice Potter Stewart, objected to the court's embrace of the "wall of separation" metaphor: "I think that the Court's task, in this as in all areas of constitutional adjudication, is not responsibly aided by the uncritical invocation of metaphors like the "wall of separation," a phrase nowhere to be found in the Constitution." The court noted that it "is a matter of history that this very practice of establishing governmentally composed prayers for religious services was one of the reasons which caused many of our early colonists to leave England and seek religious freedom in America." <SEP> The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote.
Question: What is another name for the house of congress given authority to choose the president in 1824 by the document Stewart indicated does not contain Wall of Separation?

The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote. <SEP> Together they compose the legislature of the United States. The United States House of Representatives is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, the Senate being the upper chamber. <SEP> what began as a communication between president and congress has become a communication between the president and the people of the united states. since the advent of radio, and then television, the speech has been broadcast live on most networks, preempting scheduled programming. to reach the largest audience, the speech, once given during the day, is now typically given in the evening, after 9pm et (utc - 5). <SEP> The lone dissenter, Justice Potter Stewart, objected to the court's embrace of the "wall of separation" metaphor: "I think that the Court's task, in this as in all areas of constitutional adjudication, is not responsibly aided by the uncritical invocation of metaphors like the "wall of separation," a phrase nowhere to be found in the Constitution." The court noted that it "is a matter of history that this very practice of establishing governmentally composed prayers for religious services was one of the reasons which caused many of our early colonists to leave England and seek religious freedom in America." <SEP> several twentieth-century presidents have attempted to greatly expand the power of the presidency. theodore roosevelt, for instance, claimed that the president was permitted to do whatever was not explicitly prohibited by the law—in direct contrast to his immediate successor, william howard taft. franklin delano roosevelt held considerable power during the great depression. congress had granted franklin roosevelt sweeping authority; in panama refining v. ryan, the court for the first time struck down a congressional delegation of power as violative of the doctrine of separation of powers. the aforementioned schechter poultry corp. v. united states, another separation of powers case, was also decided during franklin roosevelt's presidency. in response to many unfavorable supreme court decisions, roosevelt introduced a "court packing" plan, under which more seats would be added to the supreme court for the president to fill. such a plan (which was defeated in congress) would have seriously undermined the judiciary's independence and power.
Question: When did the body given authority to choose the president in 1824 by the document Stewart showed did not contain the phrase Wall of Separation reach 435?

what began as a communication between president and congress has become a communication between the president and the people of the united states. since the advent of radio, and then television, the speech has been broadcast live on most networks, preempting scheduled programming. to reach the largest audience, the speech, once given during the day, is now typically given in the evening, after 9pm et (utc - 5). <SEP> the phrase "[a] hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world" was first used by baptist theologian roger williams, the founder of the colony of rhode island, in his 1644 book the bloody tenent of persecution. the phrase was later used by thomas jefferson as a description of the first amendment and its restriction on the legislative branch of the federal government, in an 1802 letter to the danbury baptists (a religious minority concerned about the dominant position of the congregationalist church in connecticut): <SEP> The United States presidential election of 1824 was the tenth quadrennial presidential election, held from Tuesday, October 26, to Thursday, December 2, 1824. In an election contested by four members of the Democratic - Republican Party, no candidate won a majority of the electoral vote, necessitating a contingent election in the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. On February 9, 1825, the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams as president. The 1824 presidential election was the first election in which the winner of the election lost the popular vote. <SEP> The Apportionment Act of 1911 (Pub. L. 62 -- 5, 37 Stat. 13) was an apportionment bill passed by the United States Congress on August 8, 1911. The law set the number of members of the United States House of Representatives at 435, effective with the 63rd Congress on March 4, 1913. This number included a provision for the addition of one seat each for Arizona and New Mexico when they became states. <SEP> The lone dissenter, Justice Potter Stewart, objected to the court's embrace of the "wall of separation" metaphor: "I think that the Court's task, in this as in all areas of constitutional adjudication, is not responsibly aided by the uncritical invocation of metaphors like the "wall of separation," a phrase nowhere to be found in the Constitution." The court noted that it "is a matter of history that this very practice of establishing governmentally composed prayers for religious services was one of the reasons which caused many of our early colonists to leave England and seek religious freedom in America."
Question: Alta, West Virginia, whose county shares a border with the county that contains Poe, is in what country?

south williamson is a census-designated place (cdp) in the appalachian mountains of northeastern pike county, kentucky, united states, on the border with west virginia. it is separated from williamson, west virginia by the tug fork river. the community is located near u.s. route 119 about east of pikeville, kentucky and southwest of logan, west virginia. <SEP> It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. <SEP> Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. <SEP> alta is an unincorporated community in fayette county, west virginia, united states. alta is located on west virginia route 16 and west virginia route 39 north of gauley bridge. <SEP> Poe is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. Poe is located on West Virginia Route 129 southwest of Summersville.
Question: In what country is Atla, near Allingdale's county?

latvia ( or ; , ), officially the republic of latvia (, ), is a country in the baltic region of northern europe. since its independence, latvia has been referred to as one of the baltic states. it is bordered by estonia to the north, lithuania to the south, russia to the east, and belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with sweden to the west. latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . the country has a temperate seasonal climate. <SEP> india (iast: bhārat), also known as the republic of india (iast: bhārat gaṇarājya), is a country in south asia. it is the seventh - largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. bounded by the indian ocean on the south, the arabian sea on the southwest, and the bay of bengal on the southeast, it shares land borders with pakistan to the west; china, nepal, and bhutan to the northeast; and bangladesh and myanmar to the east. in the indian ocean, india is in the vicinity of sri lanka and the maldives, while its andaman and nicobar islands share a maritime border with thailand and indonesia. <SEP> Allingdale is an unincorporated community in northeastern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. The town is located along West Virginia Route 20 near the intersection with Strouds Creek Road and the Webster County line. <SEP> Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. <SEP> It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia.
Question: In which country is the county of West Virginia in which Alta can be found which shares a border with the county where Fenwick is located?

Fenwick is a census-designated place (CDP) in eastern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States, adjacent to and immediately west of Richwood. As of the 2010 census, its population was 116. The town is situated at the bottomland surrounding the mouth of the Big Laurel Creek at its confluence with the Cherry River and has an elevation of 649 m (2129 ft). Fenwick is also the location of the convergence of three state highways: WV 55, WV 39, and WV 20 and acts as the western terminus of the Highland Scenic Highway. <SEP> tudor's biscuit world is a restaurant chain and franchise based in huntington, west virginia, most commonly found in west virginia. many west virginia locations share a building with gino's pizza and spaghetti, although the chain is more extensive than gino's (which is exclusive to west virginia), having locations in southern ohio, eastern kentucky, and southwestern virginia. in 2016 a franchise was opened in panama city, florida. <SEP> Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. <SEP> The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. <SEP> china shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. in addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of hong kong, which was a british dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with macau, a portuguese territory until 1999. with a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.
Question: In what country is Alta, from the county that shares a border with Lockwood's county, in West Virginia located?

Lockwood is an unincorporated community in western Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. The town is situated along Otter Creek and West Virginia Route 39. <SEP> Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. <SEP> It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. <SEP> south williamson is a census-designated place (cdp) in the appalachian mountains of northeastern pike county, kentucky, united states, on the border with west virginia. it is separated from williamson, west virginia by the tug fork river. the community is located near u.s. route 119 about east of pikeville, kentucky and southwest of logan, west virginia. <SEP> kåfjord is a village in alta municipality in finnmark county, norway. the village is located along the kåfjorden, about west of the town of alta along the european route e6 highway. the village of kvenvik lies about to the east, also along the e6 highway.
Question: Alta, West Virginia, whose county shares a border with the county that contains Tioga, is in what country?

Tioga is a census-designated place (CDP) in northeastern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 98. The town is located along a road alternatively called Tioga Road (County Route 3) in Nicholas County and Strouds Creek Road (County Route 11) in Webster County. The road can be accessed from West Virginia Route 20 in Allingdale and West Virginia Route 55 near Craigsville. <SEP> Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. <SEP> south williamson is a census-designated place (cdp) in the appalachian mountains of northeastern pike county, kentucky, united states, on the border with west virginia. it is separated from williamson, west virginia by the tug fork river. the community is located near u.s. route 119 about east of pikeville, kentucky and southwest of logan, west virginia. <SEP> The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. <SEP> alta is an unincorporated community in fayette county, west virginia, united states. alta is located on west virginia route 16 and west virginia route 39 north of gauley bridge.
Question: In which country is Alta, West Virginia, in the county sharing a border with Birch River's county?

The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. <SEP> china shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. in addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of hong kong, which was a british dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with macau, a portuguese territory until 1999. with a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. <SEP> west augusta is an unincorporated community in augusta county, virginia, united states. west augusta is located at the intersection of u.s. route 250 and virginia state route 629. the source of the calfpasture river, which flows through west augusta, is located near the community to the north. <SEP> The community is situated in the valley of the Birch River and is the location of the western terminus of West Virginia Route 82 at U.S. Route 19. Birch River is a census-designated place (CDP) in northern Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 107. <SEP> Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg.
Question: Alta, West Virginia, whose county shares a border with the county that contains Green Valley, is in what country?

Green Valley is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, West Virginia, United States. Green Valley is located along West Virginia Route 20 north of Quinwood. <SEP> latvia ( or ; , ), officially the republic of latvia (, ), is a country in the baltic region of northern europe. since its independence, latvia has been referred to as one of the baltic states. it is bordered by estonia to the north, lithuania to the south, russia to the east, and belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with sweden to the west. latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . the country has a temperate seasonal climate. <SEP> china shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. in addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of hong kong, which was a british dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with macau, a portuguese territory until 1999. with a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country. <SEP> Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. <SEP> The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs.
Question: What country is Alta, in the county that shares a border with the one New Hope is located, West Virginia located in?

kåfjord is a village in alta municipality in finnmark county, norway. the village is located along the kåfjorden, about west of the town of alta along the european route e6 highway. the village of kvenvik lies about to the east, also along the e6 highway. <SEP> It is named for the grassy meadows wetlands which its upper watershed drains, and from which it springs. The Meadow River is a tributary of the Gauley River, making its headwaters in Greenbrier County and terminating in Nicholas County of West Virginia. <SEP> latvia ( or ; , ), officially the republic of latvia (, ), is a country in the baltic region of northern europe. since its independence, latvia has been referred to as one of the baltic states. it is bordered by estonia to the north, lithuania to the south, russia to the east, and belarus to the southeast, and shares a maritime border with sweden to the west. latvia has 1,957,200 inhabitants and a territory of . the country has a temperate seasonal climate. <SEP> New Hope lies between the communities of Fenwick and Nettie along West Virginia Routes 20 and 39. New Hope is also the location of nearby Richwood's municipal airport. Fenwick Mountain has three churches, New Hope Baptist Church, the Macedonia United Methodist Church and the Revival Center. New Hope (also called Fenwick Mountain) is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Fenwick Mountain is predominantly a Christian community based on the timber and coal mining industries. Fenwick Mountain also has a Community Center which was converted from the old New Hope Elementary School. The New Hope Community also known as Fenwick Mountain receives its water supply from neighboring city of Richwood. Fenwick Mountain is also home of the famous Spencer Lumber Company. <SEP> Alta is located at the junction of Interstate 64, U.S. Route 60, and West Virginia Route 12 northwest of Lewisburg. Alta is an unincorporated community in Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States.
Question: When did the continent home to the river of which Tebicuary River is a tributary take the form it has today?

It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <SEP> The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> zamantı river is a river in central anatolia, turkey, crossing kayseri province in practically its whole course to join seyhan river further south, of which it is the western, the longest and the most important tributary. zamantı and göksu join 80 km north of adana to form seyhan river. <SEP> the paute river is a river of ecuador. it is a tributary of the santiago river, which is a tributary of the amazon river. the paute dam is located on the river. <SEP> The first species discovered to have made the northward migration was Pliometanastes, a fossil ground sloth species, roughly the size of a modern black bear. Several migrations to the Southern Hemisphere were undertaken by tougher, North American mammal carnivores; fewer species migrated in the opposite direction from south to north. The result of the intrusion of North American fauna was that hundreds of South American species became extinct in a relatively short time and that about 60% of present - day South American mammals have evolved from North American species. However, some species were able to adapt and spread into North America. Apart from Pliometanastes, during the Irvingtonian stage of the mammal land stages, around 1.9 Ma, species as Pampatherium, a giant armadillo, ground sloth Megatherium, giant anteater Myrmecophaga, a Neogene capybara (Hydrochoerus), Meizonyx, opossum Didelphis, and Mixotoxodon followed the route north. The terror bird Titanis was the only discovered South American carnivore species who made the journey into North America. In the last million years since the Late Miocene, South America became connected with the continent of North America via the Panama Block that closed the marine Bolivar Trough, leading to the Great American Interchange, the interchange of biota from both continents.
Question: When do purple martins migrate to the continent where the river Tebicuary River is a tributary of located?

the big darby creek state scenic river is a river located in northwestern central ohio, and an important tributary to the lower scioto river. the river's major tributary is the little darby creek. <SEP> The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. Its winter range extends into Ecuador but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills. <SEP> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <SEP> the paute river is a river of ecuador. it is a tributary of the santiago river, which is a tributary of the amazon river. the paute dam is located on the river. <SEP> Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay.
Question: Who explored the mainland of the continent on which the river that the Tebicuary River is a tributary of is located?

the south branch of the souhegan river is a river located in northern massachusetts and southern new hampshire in the united states. it is a tributary of the souhegan river, which flows to the merrimack river and ultimately to the gulf of maine. <SEP> Given a long history of colonialism, the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish, and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions. The continent's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and, more locally, with African slaves. <SEP> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> the paute river is a river of ecuador. it is a tributary of the santiago river, which is a tributary of the amazon river. the paute dam is located on the river.
Question: When did the collision take place between North America and the continent the river of which Tebicuary River is a tributary can be found?

The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <SEP> the kitwanga river is a tributary of the skeena river near hazelton in northwestern british columbia, canada, joining that stream at the community of kitwanga (gitwangak), which means "people of the place of rabbits". <SEP> the north concho river is a river in west-central texas and one of three tributaries of the concho river. the river is long. the other two tributaries are the middle concho and south concho rivers. the concho river flows into the colorado river (in texas, not to be confused with the colorado that flows through arizona and nevada). <SEP> A significant body of water (referred to as the Central American Seaway) once separated the continents of North and South America, allowing the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to mix freely. Beneath the surface, two plates of the Earth's crust were slowly colliding, forcing the Cocos Plate to slide under the Caribbean Plate. Meanwhile, movement of the two tectonic plates was also pushing up the sea floor, eventually forcing some areas above sea level. The pressure and heat caused by this collision led to the formation of underwater volcanoes, some of which grew large enough to form islands as early as 15 million years ago.
Question: In the continent where the river that has the Tebicuary River as a tributary, who became known as the liberator?

The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad de Bolívar y Palacios (Spanish: (siˈmon boˈliβar) (listen); 24 July 1783 -- 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar and also colloquially as El Libertador, was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played a leading role in the establishment of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule. <SEP> the river ravensbourne is a tributary of the river thames in south london, england. it flows into the tidal river thames at deptford, where its tidal reach is known as deptford creek. <SEP> the chaco wash is an arroyo (a periodic stream) cutting through chaco canyon, which is located in northwestern new mexico on the colorado plateau. another arroyo known as escavada wash is a tributary that feeds in from the northeast, near the western end of chaco canyon. chaco wash flows northwest to become the intermittent chaco river. it is a tributary of the san juan river. <SEP> Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay.
Question: When did the continent on which can be found the river that the Tebicuary River is a tributary of became a collection of independent states?

Simón Bolívar (Greater Colombia, Peru, Bolivia), José de San Martín (United Provinces of the River Plate, Chile, and Peru), and Bernardo O'Higgins (Chile) led their independence struggle. Although Bolivar attempted to keep the Spanish - speaking parts of the continent politically unified, they rapidly became independent of one another. The Spanish colonies won their independence in the first quarter of the 19th century, in the Spanish American wars of independence. <SEP> the laurel river is a tributary of the cumberland river in southeast kentucky in the united states. the river drains a rural region in the foothills of the appalachian mountains, in parts of whitley and laurel counties. the town of corbin is located on the river about east of its mouth on the cumberland, and near the confluence with a major tributary, the little laurel river. <SEP> iratapina river is a river of amapá state in brazil. it is a tributary of the jari river which is part of the amazon river basin. <SEP> The Tebicuary River (Spanish: Río Tebicuary), a tributary of Paraguay River is a river in Paraguay. Located in the southwestern part of that country, it flows eastwards discharging to Paraguay River about 45 km south of Formosa and 30 km north of Pilar. <SEP> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.
Question: when did the continent where São Lourenço River is located take the form it has today?

vicente nicolau de mesquita (july 9, 1818 in são lourenço, portuguese macau – march 20, 1880 in são lourenço, portuguese macau) was an officer of the portuguese army in macau. he is widely remembered for his role at the portuguese attack of baishaling, in 1849. he was the oldest of the five children of noted macanese lawyer, frederico albino de mesquita and clara esmeralda carneiro - both macau natives. he married twice; first to balbina maria da silveira; second to his sister-in-law carolina maria josefa da silveira. <SEP> today both the papireto river and the kemonia are covered up by buildings. however, the shape of the former watercourses can still be recognised today, because the streets that were built on them follow their shapes. today the only waterway not drained yet is the oreto river that divides the downtown of the city from the western uptown and the industrial districts. in the basins there were, though, many seasonal torrents that helped formed swampy plains, reclaimed during history; a good example of which can be found in the borough of mondello. <SEP> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> The first species discovered to have made the northward migration was Pliometanastes, a fossil ground sloth species, roughly the size of a modern black bear. In the last million years since the Late Miocene, South America became connected with the continent of North America via the Panama Block that closed the marine Bolivar Trough, leading to the Great American Interchange, the interchange of biota from both continents. Several migrations to the Southern Hemisphere were undertaken by tougher, North American mammal carnivores; fewer species migrated in the opposite direction from south to north. The result of the intrusion of North American fauna was that hundreds of South American species became extinct in a relatively short time and that about 60% of present - day South American mammals have evolved from North American species. However, some species were able to adapt and spread into North America. Apart from Pliometanastes, during the Irvingtonian stage of the mammal land stages, around 1.9 Ma, species as Pampatherium, a giant armadillo, ground sloth Megatherium, giant anteater Myrmecophaga, a Neogene capybara (Hydrochoerus), Meizonyx, opossum Didelphis, and Mixotoxodon followed the route north. The terror bird Titanis was the only discovered South American carnivore species who made the journey into North America. <SEP> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.
Question: When do purple martins migrate to the continent where São Lourenço River is located?

the abaeté river is a river of minas gerais state in southeastern brazil. its origin is in the serra da canastra, about north of são gotardo and it passes through são gonçalo do abaeté. the river runs nearly north and empties into the são francisco river, the confluence being located at . the pontal area at the abaeté river mouth is an important spawning site for fish. <SEP> wintering in south america, purple martins migrate to north america in spring to breed. spring migration is somewhat staggered, with arrivals in southern areas such as florida and texas in january, but showing up in the northern united states in april and in canada as late as may. males usually arrive at a site before females. <SEP> Its winter range extends into Ecuador but does not seem to ascend far up the Andean foothills. The purple martin migrates to the Amazon basin in winter. <SEP> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.
Question: Who explored the mainland of the continent on which the mouth of the São Lourenço River can be found?

The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> wilkes land is named after lieutenant charles wilkes (later a rear admiral), the american explorer who commanded the 1838–42 united states exploring expedition. the naming is in recognition of wilkes' discovery of the continental margin over a distance of 2,400 km (1,500 miles) of coast, thus providing substantial proof that antarctica is a continent. this definition of extent excludes the area east of 142°02' e, george v land, which was sighted by wilkes but has been shown by later expeditions to be further south than the positions originally assigned by him. <SEP> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> Given a long history of colonialism, the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish, and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions. The continent's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and, more locally, with African slaves. <SEP> the abaeté river is a river of minas gerais state in southeastern brazil. its origin is in the serra da canastra, about north of são gotardo and it passes through são gonçalo do abaeté. the river runs nearly north and empties into the são francisco river, the confluence being located at . the pontal area at the abaeté river mouth is an important spawning site for fish.
Question: When did a collision take place between North America, and the continent that holds the river with the São Lourenço as its mouth?

It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. <SEP> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> The pressure and heat caused by this collision led to the formation of underwater volcanoes, some of which grew large enough to form islands as early as 15 million years ago. A significant body of water (referred to as the Central American Seaway) once separated the continents of North and South America, allowing the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans to mix freely. Beneath the surface, two plates of the Earth's crust were slowly colliding, forcing the Cocos Plate to slide under the Caribbean Plate. Meanwhile, movement of the two tectonic plates was also pushing up the sea floor, eventually forcing some areas above sea level. <SEP> the newark and new york railroad was a passenger rail line that ran between downtown newark and the communipaw terminal at the mouth of the north river (hudson river) in jersey city, bridging the hackensack river and passaic river just north of their mouths at the newark bay in northeastern new jersey. the central railroad of new jersey operated it from its opening in 1869. through operation ended in 1946; portions remained in use until 1967. <SEP> the carboniferous was a time of active mountain building, as the supercontinent pangea came together. the southern continents remained tied together in the supercontinent gondwana, which collided with north america-europe (laurussia) along the present line of eastern north america. this continental collision resulted in the hercynian orogeny in europe, and the alleghenian orogeny in north america; it also extended the newly uplifted appalachians southwestward as the ouachita mountains. in the same time frame, much of present eastern eurasian plate welded itself to europe along the line of the ural mountains. there were two major oceans in the carboniferous the panthalassa and paleo-tethys. other minor oceans were shrinking and eventually closed the rheic ocean (closed by the assembly of south and north america), the small, shallow ural ocean (which was closed by the collision of baltica, and siberia continents, creating the ural mountains) and proto-tethys ocean.
Question: Who became known as the liberator of the continent containing the river for which the São Lourenço is a tributary?

Simón José Antonio de la Santísima Trinidad de Bolívar y Palacios (Spanish: (siˈmon boˈliβar) (listen); 24 July 1783 -- 17 December 1830), generally known as Simón Bolívar and also colloquially as El Libertador, was a Venezuelan military and political leader who played a leading role in the establishment of Venezuela, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Panama as sovereign states, independent of Spanish rule. <SEP> by the late 1950s, when other emerging nations across the african continent were demanding independence, a small group of são toméans had formed the movement for the liberation of são tomé and príncipe (mlstp), which eventually established its base in nearby gabon. picking up momentum in the 1960s, events moved quickly after the overthrow of the caetano dictatorship in portugal in april 1974. the new portuguese regime was committed to the dissolution of its overseas colonies; in november 1974, their representatives met with the mlstp in algiers and worked out an agreement for the transfer of sovereignty. after a period of transitional government, são tomé and príncipe achieved independence on july 12, 1975, choosing as its first president the mlstp secretary general manuel pinto da costa. <SEP> The São Lourenço River is a tributary of the Paraguay River within the Pantanal, an alluvial plain that spans portions of Brazil, Bolivia and Paraguay. <SEP> The Paraguay River (Río Paraguay in Spanish, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina. It flows about from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia. <SEP> the são mateus river (santa catarina) is a river of santa catarina state in southeastern brazil. it is part of the uruguay river basin and a tributary of the lava-tudo river.