winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question:  what was Angela Lansbury who played the role of Mrs. Santa Claus' profession?

 The film was billed as the first original musical written for television since "Rodgers and Hammerstein's Cinderella" in 1957.  It was originally broadcast as a Hallmark Entertainment presentation on CBS on December 8, 1996. Mrs. Santa Claus is a 1996 American made-for-television musical fantasy-comedy film starring Angela Lansbury in the title role as Mrs. Claus, the wife of Santa Claus. <SEP> A Miser Brothers' Christmas is a stop motion spin-off special based on some of the characters from the 1974 Rankin-Bass special "The Year Without a Santa Claus".  Distributed by Warner Bros.  Animation under their Warner Premiere label (the rights holders of the post-1974 Rankin-Bass library) and Toronto-based Cuppa Coffee Studios, the one-hour special premiered on ABC Family on Saturday, December 13, 2008, during the network's annual The 25 Days of Christmas programming.  Mickey Rooney and George S. Irving reprised their respective roles as Santa Claus and Heat Miser at ages 88 and 86.  Snow Miser, originally portrayed by Dick Shawn who died in 1987, was voiced by Juan Chioran, while Mrs. Claus, voiced by Shirley Booth in the original, was portrayed by Catherine Disher (because Booth had died in 1992).  The movie aimed to emulate the Rankin/Bass animation style.  This is the last Christmas special to feature Mickey Rooney as Santa Claus, as he died in 2014, as well as the last time George Irving voiced Heat Miser, as he died in 2016. <SEP> Santa Claus Conquers the Martians is a 1964 American science fiction comedy film directed by Nicholas Webster, written by Paul L. Jacobson based on a story by Glenville Mareth, stars John Call as Santa Claus, and features an eight year old Pia Zadora as one of the Martian children.  The film also marks the first documented appearance of Mrs. Claus in a motion picture (Doris Rich plays the role), coming three weeks before the television special "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer", which also featured the character. <SEP>  Her career has spanned seven decades, much of it in the United States, and her work has attracted international attention. Dame Angela Brigid Lansbury, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 16 October 1925) is a British-American-Irish actress who has appeared in theatre, television and film, as well as a producer, voice actress, singer, and songwriter.
Question: When was the former American college football coach which  Bruce Chambers was his stff born 

Bruce Chambers is an assistant athletic director at Arlington ISD and an American football coach.  He most recently served as an assistant to Charlie Strong at the University of Texas at Austin, and was the only member of the coaching staff retained from Mack Brown's staff.  Previously he served as coach at David W. Carter High School in Dallas, Texas.  After being dismissed from the staff on December 31, 2014, Chambers was hired by Arlington ISD as assistant athletic director. <SEP> Dennis Riccio (born c. 1946) is a former American football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at Frostburg State University in Frostburg, Maryland 1987 to 1991 and at St. Lawrence University in Canton, New York from 1992 to 1997, compiling a career college football record of 42–62.  Before his stint at Frostburg State, Riccio was the defensive coordinator at Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois under head coach Bob Reade from 1983 to 1986, during which time the Augustana Vikings won four consecutive NCAA Division III National Football Championships. Ricco played college football at Illinois State University as a linebacker from 1964 to 1966.  Riccio also wrestled at Illinois State.  He moved to Augusta in 1979 to become head wrestling coach and assistant football coach.  He served as head wrestling coach there from 1979 to 1987, tallying a record of 63–56–3. <SEP> John Gagliardi ( ; born November 1, 1926) is a former American football coach.  He was the head football coach at Saint John's University in Collegeville, Minnesota from 1953 until 2012.  From 1949 to 1952, he was the head football coach at Carroll College in Helena, Montana.  With a career record of 489–138–11, Gagliardi has the most wins of any coach in college football history.  His Saint John's Johnnies teams won four national titles: the NAIA National Football Championship in 1963 and 1965, and the NCAA Division III National Football Championship in 1976 and 2003.  Gagliardi was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2006. <SEP>  He was most recently head football coach of the Texas Longhorns football team of the University of Texas at Austin. William Mack Brown (born August 27, 1951) is a former American college football coach.  He is currently a college football commentator for ESPN.
Question: Which member of the English 2010 FIFA squad was also a member of the Tampa Bay Rowdies? 

Anthony Carr MBE (born 5 September 1950) is an English sports coach and former Director of Youth Development at the West Ham United football club's youth academy and is recognised as one of the most influential figures in English football.  Since then in his tenure as director, as of 2010, Carr is credited with producing talent which has earned an estimated £80 million in transfer fees for the club, while the 23-man England squad for the 2010 FIFA World Cup contained no less than seven players trained by Carr – Rio Ferdinand, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Michael Carrick, Jermain Defoe, Glen Johnson and John Terry.  A former graduate of the academy himself, whose footballing career was cut short by injury, he joined the club's staff as a youth coach in 1973. <SEP> The Tampa Bay Rowdies were an American professional soccer team based in Tampa, Florida, that competed in the original North American Soccer League (NASL) from 1975 to 1984.  They enjoyed broad popular support in the Tampa Bay area until the NASL folded in 1984, after which the team played in various minor indoor and outdoor leagues before finally folding on January 31, 1994.  The Rowdies played nearly all of their outdoor home games at Tampa Stadium and nearly all of their indoor games at the Bayfront Center Arena in nearby St. Petersburg, Florida.  Although San Diego played indoors until 1996, the Rowdies were the last surviving NASL franchise that played outdoor soccer on a regular basis. <SEP> Joseph John "Joe" Cole (born 8 November 1981) is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for United Soccer League club Tampa Bay Rowdies. <SEP> Farrukh Quraishi (Persian: فرخ قریشی‎ ‎ , born November 13, 1951 in Masjid-I-Sulaiman, Iran) is a retired Iranian-born English footballer.  He spent six seasons in the North American Soccer League playing for the Tampa Bay Rowdies and Calgary Boomers.  Since retiring from playing, he has held numerous executive positions in U.S. soccer teams and organizations.  Quraishi won the 1974 Hermann Trophy.  Most recently he was the President and General Manager of the modern Tampa Bay Rowdies.
Question: Dunwich is part of which imaginary region whose name was coined by Keith Herber? 

 The term was popularized by Chaosium, the producers of the Lovecraftian role-playing game "Call of Cthulhu".  Lovecraft scholar S. T. Joshi refers to the area as the "Miskatonic region", after its fictional river and university, while Lovecraft biographer Lin Carter calls it Miskatonic County, though Lovecraft indicates that at least some of his fictional towns were located in the real-life Essex County of Massachusetts. Lovecraft Country is a term coined by Keith Herber for the New England setting, combining real and fictitious locations, used by H. P. Lovecraft in many of his weird fiction stories, and later elaborated by other writers working in the Cthulhu Mythos. <SEP> Dunwich ( ) is a fictional town that appeared in the H. P. Lovecraft short story "The Dunwich Horror" (1929).  Dunwich is found in the fictional Miskatonic River Valley of Massachusetts, part of the imaginary region sometimes called Lovecraft Country.  The inhabitants are depicted as inbred, uneducated, and very superstitious, while the town itself is described as economically poor with many decrepit and abandoned buildings. <SEP> Shighnan (also Shignan, Shugnan, Shughnan, Khughnan in the local language) (Persian: شغنان‎ ‎ ) is an historic region whose name today may also refer to a town and a district in Badakhshan Province in the mountainous northeast of Afghanistan and also a district in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province in Tajikistan.  The administrative center of the Shighnan District of Afghanistan is called Qaleh Barpanjeh (قلعه برپنجه).  The administrative center of the Shughnon District of Tajikistan is called Khorogh. <SEP> The Tragic Innocents (French: Tarendol ) is a 1946 novel by the French writer René Barjavel.  It tells the story of two teenagers, Jean Tarendol and Marie Margherite, who fall in love in occupied France during World War II.  The story is set in an imaginary region inspired by the author's native Drôme.  The book was published in English in 1948, translated by Eithne Wilkins.
Question: When was the American voice over actor from the Cartoon Network Studios series about imaginary friends and humans born?

Lauren Faust (born July 25, 1974) is an American animator, screenwriter, director, and producer, best known for developing Hasbro's animated television series "", as well as working frequently with her husband Craig McCracken.  Faust has also worked as an animator on television series such as "The Powerpuff Girls" and "Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends".  She has worked with Cartoon Network Studios, Warner Bros., Hasbro, and Disney. <SEP>  Among his most notable roles are Michaelangelo from "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles", Wayne Gretzky on "ProStars" and the title character in "Where's Waldo? " and the eponymous "The Tick" and he also did additional voices in "Dexter's Laboratory", "The Powerpuff Girls", "Adventure Time", "Animaniacs", "The Buzz on Maggie", "Camp Lazlo", "CatDog", "Catscratch", "Danny Phantom", "Dave the Barbarian", "", "The Fairly OddParents", "Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends", "Gravity Falls", "Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi", "", "The Loud House", "The Mighty B! ", "My Life As A Teenage Robot" and "The Replacements" and he also did the voice of Knotty in "" (1992) and he also did additional voices in films "Fantasia 2000" (1999) and "Sing" (2016) Townsend Putnam Coleman III (born May 28, 1954) is an American voice actor who performed in many animated series and TV commercials beginning in the early 1980s. <SEP> Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends (commonly abbreviated as Foster's) is an American animated television series created by Craig McCracken for Cartoon Network Studios.  The series, set in a world in which imaginary friends coexist with humans, centers on an 8-year-old boy, Mac, who is pressured by his mother to abandon his imaginary friend, Bloo.  After Mac discovers an orphanage dedicated to housing abandoned imaginary friends, Bloo moves into the home and is kept from adoption so long as Mac visits him daily.  The episodes revolve around Mac and Bloo as they interact with other imaginary friends and house staff and live out their day-to-day adventures, often getting caught up in various predicaments. <SEP> Keith James Ferguson (born February 26, 1972) is an American voice actor best known for the voice over roles of Bloo Kazoo from the Cartoon Network animated series "Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends", Basch fon Ronsenburg from "Final Fantasy XII", Marluxia from the Kingdom Hearts franchise, Lord Hater from "Wander Over Yonder", and Reaper from "Overwatch".  He also provides a number of "sound-alike" portrayals in the VO industry, including Harrison Ford's Han Solo and Indiana Jones and Steve Martin in "Robot Chicken", and the voice of Lightning McQueen in "Cars Toons" and "Cars" video games, replacing Owen Wilson in that role.
Question: Scrabble and Sentinels of the Multiverse, is which form of entertainment?

Sentinels of the Multiverse: The Video Game is a 2014 video game developed and published by Handelabra Games.  It is an adaptation of the board game of the same name.  The game was released for iOS and Android on October 15, 2014 and for Steam on December 22, 2014. <SEP>  It is a cooperative game in which players control a team of comic book-style heroes battling a villain. Sentinels of the Multiverse is a designer card game published by Greater Than Games and released at Gen Con 2011.  Each player controls one or more heroes, while a villain and environment deck each run themselves.  A given game includes 3 to 5 heroes, 1 villain and 1 environment, which can be mixed and matched to create a number of different scenarios.  The core game comes with 10 heroes, 4 villains, and 4 environments. <SEP> Silent Hill: Downpour (サイレントヒル ダウンプア , Sairento Hiru Daunpua ) is a survival horror video game developed by Vatra Games and published by Konami Digital Entertainment.  The eighth installment in the "Silent Hill" video game series, "Downpour" was released in March 2012.  Set in the series' multiverse, which consists of reality and an alternate dimension whose form is based on the series' eponymous fictitious American town, "Silent Hill: Downpour" centers on Murphy Pendleton, a prisoner who enters the town, periodically entering the alternate dimension, and unlocks personal repressed memories.  The game uses a third-person view and can be played in 3D. <SEP> Scrabble is a word game in which two to four players score points by placing tiles bearing a single letter onto a board divided into a 15×15 grid of squares.  The tiles must form words which, in crossword fashion, read left to right in rows or downwards in columns, and be defined in a standard dictionary or lexicon.
Question: Cho Jin-woong played a mysterious villian in a 2014 film written by who?

A Hard Day (; lit.  "Take It to the End") is a 2014 South Korean crime action thriller film written and directed by Kim Seong-hun, and starring Lee Sun-kyun and Cho Jin-woong.  It was selected to compete in the Directors' Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival. <SEP> Beyond the Clouds () is a 2014 South Korean television series starring Yoon Kye-sang, Han Ji-hye and Cho Jin-woong.  It aired on KBS2 from February 17 to April 14, 2014 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes. <SEP> Cho Jin-woong (born Jo Won-joon on April 2, 1976) is a South Korean actor.  He also gained recognition and praise for his performance as a detective in the television series "Signal" (2016).  He is best known for his roles as Sejong's loyal bodyguard in "Deep Rooted Tree" (2011), a mobster in "" (2012), and a mysterious villain in "A Hard Day" (2014). <SEP> Yarrukkum Vetkam Illai (English: "No One Is Ashamed") is a Tamil language film released in 1975 directed by Cho Ramaswamy.  It starred Jayalalitha in the lead role opposite Sreekanth and was ably supported by actors in supporting roles including Cho Ramaswamy, Manorama (Tamil actress), Sivakumar.  This film was based on the book by the same name and later a play written by Cho Ramaswamy.  It became a blockbuster on it release.  The songs sung by Yesudas became popular.  The lyrics of one of the song in the film praised the character played by Jayalalithaa as Puratchi Thalaivi, even before she entered into politics.
Question: What documentary film was released first, Harlan County, USA or Iran?

The Darby Mine No. 1 disaster in Harlan County, Kentucky, USA, on May 20, 2006 killed five miners and left one survivor. <SEP> Harlan – In the Shadow of Jew Süss (German: "Harlan – Im Schatten von Jud Süß") is a 2008 documentary film by German director Felix Moeller about one of the most notorious Nazi German filmmakers, Veit Harlan and his family.  It focuses on the "wildly varying attitudes of Harlan's children and grandchildren", and how they struggle even today with the legacy of their ancestor's work. <SEP> Harlan County, USA is a 1976 Oscar-winning documentary film covering the "Brookside Strike", an effort of 180 coal miners and their wives against the Duke Power Company-owned Eastover Coal Company's Brookside Mine and Prep Plant in Harlan County, southeast Kentucky in 1973.  Directed and produced by Barbara Kopple, who has long been an advocate of workers' rights, "Harlan County, U.S.A." is less ambivalent in its attitude toward unions than her later "American Dream", the account of the Hormel Foods strike in Austin, Minnesota in 1985-86. <SEP> Iran (is not the problem) or Iran is not the problem (2008) Iranian documentary film directed, produced and written by Aaron Newman.
Question: Are Caralluma and Parthenocissus both climbing plants?

A trellis (treillage) is an architectural structure, usually made from an open framework or lattice of interwoven or intersecting pieces of wood, bamboo or metal that is normally made to support and display climbing plants, especially shrubs.  There are many types of trellis for different places and for different plants, from agricultural types, especially in viticulture, which are covered at vine training systems, to garden uses for climbers such as grapevines, clematis, ivy, and climbing roses or other support based growing plants.  The rose trellis is especially common in Europe and other rose-growing areas, and many climbing rose varieties require a trellis to reach their potential as garden plants.  Some plants will climb and wrap themselves round a trellis without much artificial help being needed while others need training by passing the growing shoots through the trellis and/or tying them to the framework. <SEP> Parthenocissus laetevirens is a climbing plant species in the genus "Parthenocissus" found in China. <SEP>  It contains about 12 species native to the Himalayas, eastern Asia and North America. Parthenocissus , is a genus of tendril climbing plants in the grape family, Vitaceae.  Several are grown for ornamental use, notably "P. henryana", "P. quinquefolia" and "P. tricuspidata". <SEP> Caralluma is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae, consisting of about 120 species.
Question: One Tough Bastardis a 1995 action film staring a linebacker for what NFL team?

The Dallas Texans played in the National Football League (NFL) for one season, 1952, with a record of 1–11.  The team is considered one of the worst teams in NFL history, both on (lowest franchise winning percentage) and off the field.  The team was based first in Dallas, then Hershey, Pennsylvania, and Akron, Ohio, during its only season.  The Texans were the last NFL team to fold.  Many players on the 1952 roster went to the new Baltimore Colts franchise in 1953.  The American Football League (AFL) had a 1960 charter member named the Dallas Texans (who later became the Kansas City Chiefs), but the AFL Texans have no relationship with the earlier NFL team. <SEP> One Tough Bastard, also known as One Man's Justice, is a 1995 American action film written by Steven Selling, directed by Kurt Wimmer and starring Brian Bosworth and Bruce Payne. <SEP> ComputerCop (stylized ComputerCOP) is content control software developed by the Bohemia, New York-based company ComputerCop Software.  The software offers the ability for users to scan content on a computer (such as files, images, video, and web browser history) for objectionable content, along with a key logging component that allows parents to be notified if certain words are being typed.  Upon its original release, the software was endorsed by NYPD detective Bo Dietl, and was originally branded as Bo Dietl's One Tough Computer Cop (in reference to his autobiographal film "One Tough Cop").  It initially only contained scanning software; later versions dropped Dietl's endorsement and branding, but also added a keylogger. <SEP>  Bosworth played college football for the University of Oklahoma, and was a two-time consensus All-American.  He gained fame and notoriety through his flamboyant personality, controversial comments about the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and radical hair cuts. Brian Keith Bosworth (born March 9, 1965), nicknamed "The Boz," is a former American professional football player who played as a linebacker for the Seattle Seahawks in the National Football League (NFL).  Bosworth was less successful in the NFL and injuries forced him to retire after three seasons.
Question: Lagerstroemia and Veitchia, have which characteristic in common?

Lagerstroemia , commonly known as crape myrtle or crepe myrtle, is a genus of around 50 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs native to the Indian subcontinent, southeast Asia, northern Australia, and parts of Oceania, cultivated in warmer climates around the world.  It is a member of the family Lythraceae, which are also known as the loosestrife family.  These flowering trees are beautifully colored and are often planted both privately and commercially as ornamentals.  The genus is named after the Swedish merchant Magnus von Lagerström, who supplied Carl Linnaeus with plants he collected. <SEP> Lagerstroemia calyculata can be translated from the Vietnamese name (Bằng lăng ổi) as the "guava crape myrtle" (Thai: ตะแบก "Tabaek"); the name is derived from its very characteristic mottled flaky bark.  It is a species of flowering plant in the Lythraceae family and found in Southeast Asia and Oceania. <SEP> Veitchia is a genus of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family. <SEP> Veitchia arecina , common name "Montgomery Palm" is a species of flowering plant in the Arecaceae family.  It grows to between 25' to 35' (7.60m to 10.60m) and has white or yellow blooms.
Question: Are Tea Moderna and Kotiliesi both magazines for housewives?

Literary Rejections On Display is a blog on which people can post and discuss rejection letters from magazines, agents and book publishers.  The site was founded in 2007 and was run anonymously by a person identifying only as "Writer, Rejected." " Entertainment Weekly" critic Michael Slezak described the site as for any writer "who's looking for a better way to deal with cruel dismissal than crying into a cup of herbal tea" or any bookworm "who wants to better understand the indignities your future favorite authors are suffering on their way to their seven-figure book deals..." <SEP>  It is one of the oldest magazines in the country and is the first Finnish magazine addressing housewives. Kotiliesi (meaning "Fireside" in English) is a Finnish language bimonthly family and women's magazine published in Helsinki, Finland. <SEP> Tea Moderna (Macedonian: Теа Модерна ) is a Macedonian woman's weekly magazine women. <SEP> Shodensha (株式会社祥伝社 , Kabushiki kaisha Shōdensha ) is a Japanese publisher of mostly non-fiction magazines and books, though it has recently begun publishing light novels and manga, including magazines which contain both.  Shodensha publishes magazines such as "Feel Young" (an all-manga magazine), "Zipper" (a fashion magazine aimed at junior high and high school girls), and "Nina's" (a fashion and lifestyle magazine aimed at younger housewives).
Question: What country are novelists Jane Smiley and Melinda Haynes from?

A Civil Campaign: A Comedy of Biology and Manners is a science fiction novel by Lois McMaster Bujold, first published in September 1999.  It is a part of the Vorkosigan Saga, and is the thirteenth full-length novel in publication order.  It is included in the 2008 omnibus "Miles in Love".  The title is an homage to the Georgette Heyer novel "A Civil Contract" and, like Heyer's historical romances, the novel focuses on romance, comedy, and courtship.  It is dedicated to "Jane, Charlotte, Georgette, and Dorothy", likely the novelists Jane Austen, Charlotte Brontë, Georgette Heyer, and Dorothy L. Sayers or Dorothy Dunnett. <SEP>  She won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1992 for her novel "A Thousand Acres" (1991). Jane Smiley (born September 26, 1949) is an American novelist. <SEP> Tavis Smiley ( ; born September 13, 1964) is an American talk show host and author.  Smiley was born in Gulfport, Mississippi, and grew up in Bunker Hill, Indiana.  After attending Indiana University, he worked during the late 1980s as an aide to Tom Bradley, the mayor of Los Angeles.  Smiley became a radio commentator in 1991 and, starting in 1996, he hosted the talk show "BET Talk" (later renamed "BET Tonight") on Black Entertainment Television (BET).  After Smiley sold an exclusive interview of Sara Jane Olson to ABC News in 2001, BET declined to renew his contract that year.  Smiley then began hosting "The Tavis Smiley Show" on National Public Radio (NPR) (2002–04) and currently hosts "Tavis Smiley" on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) on weekdays and "The Tavis Smiley Show" on Public Radio International (PRI).  From 2010 to 2013, Smiley and Cornel West joined forces to host their own radio talk show, "Smiley & West".  They were featured together interviewing musician Bill Withers in the 2009 documentary film "Still Bill".  He is the new host of "Tavis Talks" on BlogTalkRadio's Tavis Smiley Network. <SEP>  She grew up in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. Melinda Haynes (born 1955) is an American novelist.  For much of her adult life she was a painter.  In 1999, she wrote her first published novel, "Mother of Pearl", while living in a mobile home in Grand Bay, Alabama.  Melinda Haynes currently resides in Mobile, Alabama with her husband, Ray.  Her writing is intimately connected with the Mississippi of the 1950s and the 1960s.
Question: What type of films are both My Flesh and Blood and Exploratorium?

Cis AB is a rare mutation in the ABO gene which complicates the basic inheritance pattern and blood-transfusion compatibility matching for ABO blood typing.  There are different DNA mutations of either type A or Type B alleles that change several amino acids in enzyme transferase A or B, homologous enzymes differing in only four of 354 amino acids (R176G, G235S, L266M, and G268A).  A single change in ABO gene DNA could reverse type B to type A and then, a new hybrid enzyme will produce both weak B and A2 (in serum test, A2B and A2B3)).  The most common mutation is an A105 allele variation in exon 7 nucleotide position G803C changing Glycine (type A) to Alanine (type B).  There are another 8 alleles reported in BGMUT, the most discovered reciently in China and Taiwan.  In the cis-AB genotype, both antigens are expressed, like in a standard (trans) AB genotype.  In a traditional AB phenotype, A and B antigenes are inherited separately from the father and mother while a cis-AB allele comes from one parent only.  In a serum test, cis-AB tests almost the same as a traditional AB, but people with this rare type have problems with blood transfusions.  Some of them need components like washed red blood cells or autotransfusion of serum and blood. <SEP>  The Tom family is notable as the mother, Susan Tom, adopted eleven children, most of whom had serious disabilities or diseases.  It was nominated for and won several awards, including the Audience Award and the Director's Award at the Sundance Film Festival. My Flesh and Blood is a 2003 documentary film by Jonathan Karsh chronicling a year in the life of the Tom family. <SEP> The Ashby technique is a method for determining the volume and life span of red blood cells in humans, first published by Dr. Winifred Ashby in 1919.  The technique involves injection of compatible donor red blood cells of a different blood group into a recipient, followed by blood testing periodically afterwards.  Differential agglutination of the red cells is then used to determine the number of remaining donor cells, allowing the survival rate to be determined.  It does not involve radioisotope technology, and was the first technique to successfully establish the correct red blood cell life span.  In particular, Type O blood is first transfused into Type A or B subjects.  In subsequent blood samples, the patient's own A and B blood cells are removed by agglutination with either anti-A or anti-B serum.  The number of remaining nonagglutinated Type O cells as a function of time defines the survival rate of blood cells.  This technique was used extensively during World War II and shortly after but has more recently been replaced by techniques that label one's own blood, due of the dangers of using donor blood. <SEP> Exploratorium is a 1974 American short documentary film about the Exploratorium science museum in San Francisco, produced by Jon Boorstin.  The film explores the museum through imagery and sound, without voice-over.  It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short.
Question: Huang Zitao is a former member of a boy group based in which city ?

Christopher Thomas Woo (born November 25, 1991), known professionally as Kevin or Kevin Woo, is a American singer, actor and television host currently based in South Korea.  Born and raised in California, he was discovered by South Korean entertainment agency XING Entertainment at the age of fifteen and subsequently moved to South Korea.  After a few months training, Kevin debuted as a member of boy group XING in 2006 and withdrawal from the group two-years later.  In August 2008, he re-debuted as a member of boy group U-KISS.  In March 2017, he was official departure from U-Kiss after his contracts had expired with the agency. <SEP>  Formed by S.M. Entertainment in 2011, the group debuted in 2012 with twelve members separated into two subgroups, Exo-K (Suho, Baekhyun, Chanyeol, D.O., Kai, and Sehun) and Exo-M (Xiumin, Lay, Chen and former members Kris, Luhan and Tao ), performing music in Korean and Mandarin respectively. Exo (Korean: 엑소 ; stylized as EXO) is a South Korean-Chinese boy group based in Seoul.  Exo's first album "XOXO" (2013), which contained the breakthrough hit "Growl", was a critical and commercial success, winning both Disk Daesang at the 28th Golden Disk Awards and Album of the Year at the 15th Mnet Asian Music Awards.  It sold over one million copies, making Exo the best-selling Korean artist in twelve years.  Subsequent albums and EPs continued with strong sales, and Exo were ranked the most influential celebrity by "Forbes" Korea Power Celebrity for the years 2014 and 2015.  They have been named "the biggest boyband in the world" by media outlets. <SEP> Edge of Innocence (, literally "Summer, The Portrait of a 19 Year Old") is an upcoming Chinese mystery thriller film directed by Chang Jung-Chi and starring Huang Zitao and Yang Caiyu.  The film is based on the novel "Summer, The Portrait of a 19 Year Old", written by Japanese mystery writer Soji Shimada.  It revolves around Kang Qiao (Huang Zitao) witnessing what is possibly the process of Xia Yingying (Yang Caiyu) committing a crime, but yet is drawn to the beautiful girl.  After getting to know her better, Kang Qiao discovers that there are even more mysteries surrounding Xia Yingying and faces danger himself. <SEP> Huang Zitao (born 2 May 1993), better known as Tao, is a Chinese rapper, singer-songwriter and actor.  He is a former member of the South Korean-Chinese boy group EXO.  In 2015, he made his solo debut with the mini-album "T.A.O", under the new stage name Z.Tao.
Question: Between 1815 and 1830 what was the name of the country physician Johannes Lijdius Catharinus Pompe van Meerdervoort  was originally from?

Gongylonema neoplasticum (more famously as Spiroptera carcinoma) is a roundworm parasite of rats.  It was discovered by a Danish physician Johannes Fibiger in 1907.  Fibiger and Hjalmar Ditlevsen made a formal description in 1914 as "Spiroptera" ("Gongylonema") "neoplastica".  But Ditlevsen gave the final valid name "Gongylonema neoplasticum" in 1918.  The nematode is transmitted between rats and cockroaches. <SEP> Maeda Genzō (前田 玄造) (1831–1906) was a Japanese photographer from northern Kyūshū.  In Nagasaki he studied photography under Jan Karel van den Broek and J. L. C. Pompe van Meerdervoort.  Neither of these teachers was an experienced photographer, and their attempts to produce photographs were largely failures.  Nevertheless, in turn they taught wet-collodion process to Maeda and his fellow students, who included Furukawa Shumpei, Kawano Teizō, Ueno Hikoma, and Horie Kuwajirō, among others.  When Swiss photographer Pierre Rossier arrived in Japan in 1858 on a commission from "Negretti and Zambra", Maeda was instructed to assist and accompany him and to further learn photography.  Maeda and other students escorted Rossier around Nagasaki, while the latter took photographs of priests, beggars, the audience of a sumo match, the foreign settlement, and the group portrait of Alexander von Siebold and samurai.  Rossier believed that Pompe van Meerdervoort's failures in photography were due to a lack of the necessary chemicals and so he provided Maeda with a letter of recommendation to procure photographic apparatus and chemicals from a source in Shanghai.  Both Maeda and Furukawa bought lenses, chemicals and albumen paper through Rossier.  Maeda and Furukawa succeeded in taking a photograph with these materials on 28 October 1860, a day which is still commemorated in Fukuoka where the photograph was taken. <SEP>  While in Japan, he briefly taught medicine, chemistry and photography at the Nagasaki Naval Training Center, and established a medical school and hospital.  Some of his noted students included Nagayo Sensai and Matsumoto Jun. Johannes Lijdius Catharinus Pompe van Meerdervoort (5 May 1829, Bruges – 7 October 1908, Brussels) was a Dutch physician based at Nagasaki, in Bakumatsu period Japan. <SEP> The United Kingdom of the Netherlands (Dutch: "Verenigd Koninkrijk der Nederlanden" , French: "Royaume uni des Pays-Bas" ) is the unofficial name given to the Kingdom of the Netherlands as it existed between 1815 and 1830.
Question: Black Hawk Down is a 2001 war film based ona book by an author that graduated from what university?

Black Hawk Down is a 2001 war film co-produced and directed by Ridley Scott, from a screenplay by Ken Nolan.  The film features a large ensemble cast, including Josh Hartnett, Ewan McGregor, Eric Bana, Tom Sizemore, William Fichtner, Jason Isaacs, Tom Hardy in his feature film debut, and Sam Shepard.  It is based on the 1999 non-fiction book of the same name by Mark Bowden, which in turn is based on the 29-part series of articles published in "The Philadelphia Inquirer", chronicling the events of a 1993 raid in Mogadishu by the U.S. military aimed at capturing faction leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid, and the ensuing firefight, known as the Battle of Mogadishu. <SEP> The British Band was a mixed-nation group of Native Americans commanded by the Sauk leader Black Hawk, which fought against Illinois and Michigan Territory militias during the 1832 Black Hawk War.  The band was composed of about 1,500 men, women, and children from the Sauk, Meskwaki, Fox, Kickapoo, Potawatomi, Ho-Chunk, and Ottawa nations; about 500 of that number were warriors.  Black Hawk had an alliance with the British that dated from the War of 1812, giving them their colloquial name.  The band crossed the Mississippi River from Iowa into Illinois in an attempt to reclaim their homeland and in violation of several treaties.  Subsequently, both the Illinois and Michigan Territory militia were called up and the Black Hawk War ensued. <SEP> Antonga, or Black Hawk (born c. 1830; died September 26, 1870), was a nineteenth-century war chief of the Timpanogos Tribe in what is the present-day state of Utah.  He led the Timpanogos against Mormon settlers and gained alliances with Paiute and Navajo bands in the territory against them during what became known as the Black Hawk War in Utah (1865–1872).  Although Black Hawk made peace in 1867, other bands continued raiding until the US intervened with about 200 troops in 1872.  Black Hawk died from a gunshot wound he received while trying to rescue a fallen warrior, White Horse, in 1870, at Gravely Ford Richfield, Utah, June 10, 1866.  The wound never healed and complications set in. <SEP> Mark Robert Bowden (born July 17, 1951) is an American writer and author.  He is a National Correspondent for The Atlantic and a contributing editor at "Vanity Fair".  Born in St. Louis, Missouri, he is a 1973 graduate of Loyola University Maryland.  While at Loyola, he was inspired to embark on a journalistic career by reading Tom Wolfe's book "The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test".  In 2010, in his acceptance speech for a lifetime achievement award at the National Book Awards, Wolfe called Bowden one of the two "writers to watch" (along with Michael Lewis).
Question: Between TRS-80 MC-10 and Sord Computer Corporation, which was founded/produced earlier?

The Sord M5 is a home computer launched by Sord Computer Corporation in 1982.  Primarily the Sord M5 competed in the Japanese home computer market.  It was also sold as the CGL M5 in the United Kingdom by Computer Games Limited, and was reasonably popular in Czechoslovakia, where the M5 stood as one of the first affordable computers available to the general public.  Takara also sold models in Japan as the Game M5, and models were also exported to South Korea. <SEP>  It is now Toshiba Personal Computer System Corporation, a subsidiary of Toshiba. Sord Computer Corporation was a Japanese electronics company, founded in 1970 by the entrepreneur Takayoshi Shiina. <SEP> The TRS-80 MC-10 microcomputer is a lesser-known member of the TRS-80 line of home computers, produced by Tandy Corporation in the early 1980s and sold through their RadioShack chain of electronics stores.  It was apparently designed as a low-cost alternative to Tandy's own TRS-80 Color Computer to compete with entry-level machines that had previously dominated the market, such as the Commodore VIC-20 and Sinclair ZX81. <SEP> The Matra & Hachette Ordinateur Alice was a home computer sold in France beginning in 1983.  It was a clone of the TRS-80 MC-10, produced through a collaboration between Matra and Hachette in France and Tandy Corporation in the United States.
Question: Madhusudhan Rao appeared in which Tamil-language fantasy comedy film of 2016?

Raja Ramesh is a 1977 Telugu, drama film, produced by M. Seshagiri Rao on Suguna Pictures banner and directed by V. Madhusudhan Rao.  Starring Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Vanisri in the lead roles and music composed by K. V. Mahadevan.  The film is remake of Bengali Movie "Sanyasi Raja" (1975) which is based on the real life incident of "Bhawal case". <SEP> Madhusudhan Rao is an Indian film actor, who has appeared in Tamil and Telugu language films.  He has appeared in films including "Goli Soda" (2014), "Kathakali" (2016) and "Kaashmora" (2016). <SEP>  It features Karthi, Nayantara and Sri Divya in the lead roles.It was dubbed into hindi under same name by goldmine telefilm.  Santhosh Narayanan composed the film's score and soundtrack.  The film was released worldwide on 28 October 2016 (Diwali 2016). Kaashmora (English: "Deadly Spirit" ) is a 2016 Indian Tamil-language action fantasy horror comedy film written and directed by Gokul. <SEP> Amayakuralu (English: Innocent Girl) is a 1971 Telugu, drama film, produced by D. Madhusudhana Rao on Annapurna Pictures banner and directed by V. Madhusudhan Rao.  Starring Akkineni Nageswara Rao, Kanchana, Sharada in the lead roles and music composed by Saluri Rajeswara Rao.  The film has titled as "Pavitra Jeevitham" in the beginning later it has changed to "Amaayakuraalu".
Question: Ford Expedition is similar in style to which General Motors full-size SUV?

The Chevrolet Tahoe (and its rebadged version GMC Yukon) is a full-size SUV from General Motors.  Chevrolet and GMC sold two different-sized SUVs under their Blazer/Jimmy model names through the early 1990s.  This situation changed when GMC rebadged the full-size Jimmy as the Yukon in 1991.  Chevrolet waited until 1994 to rebadge the redesigned mid-size S-10 Blazer as the Blazer, renaming the full-size Blazer as the Tahoe.  The name Tahoe refers to the rugged and scenic area surrounding Lake Tahoe in the western United States.  The name Yukon refers to the Yukon territory of northern Canada.  For the 1995 model year, the Tahoe and Yukon gained a new 4-door model slotting in size between the 2-door models and the longer wheelbase and higher passenger capacity to up to 9 nine passengers like the Chevrolet Suburban and newly named Yukon XL. <SEP> The Ford Expedition is a fullsize SUV that is made by Ford Motor Company.  Similar to the configuration of the Chevrolet Tahoe and Suburban, the Ford Expedition is sold in regular and extended lengths (the Ford Expedition EL/Max); sold since 2007, the latter functionally serves as the replacement for the Ford Excursion.  Introduced for the 1997 model year as the successor of the Ford Bronco, the Expedition is the first full-size Ford SUV sold with a four-door body.  For its entire production life, the Ford Expedition has been derived from the corresponding generation of the Ford F-150 in production, sharing body and mechanical components.  Currently in its third model generation, a fourth-generation Ford Expedition is slated to enter production for the 2018 model year. <SEP> The International Harvester Travelall is a full-size, truck-based sport utility vehicle that was manufactured by International Harvester from 1953 to 1975.  With a layout similar to the Chevrolet Suburban, it is a precursor to the modern full-size SUV. <SEP> Wayne K. Cherry (born 1937) is an American car designer educated at Art Center College of Design and employed by General Motors from 1962 through 2004, retiring as Vice President of Design.  Cherry worked for General Motors in the United States from 1962 until 1965, when he moved to the United Kingdom to take a position with General Motors' Vauxhall Motors subsidiary, becoming Design Director at Vauxhall in 1975.  In 1983 General Motors consolidated all European passenger car design under Cherry and made him Design Director at General Motors' Adam Opel AG subsidiary.  Cherry returned to the United States in 1991 and in 1992 became General Motors Vice President of Design.  Cherry retired from General Motors in 2004.
Question: Bilawal is a raga and basic "thaat" (musical mode) in Hindustani classical music, it is equivalent to which rāga in Carnatic music?

Alhaiya Bilaval is a Hindustani classical raga.  It is the most commonly performed raga of a large group of ragas that are mainly based on a scale more or less identical to the western major scale.  For this reason, that scale itself is known as the Bilaval "Thaat".  It is often simply referred to as Bilawal, although in the 17th century Alhaiya and Bilawal may have been separate ragas.  Alhaiya Bilawal is a raag which M is the main key. <SEP> Madhyamavati (madhyamāvati) is a rāga in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music).  It is an "audava" rāga (or "owdava" rāga, meaning pentatonic scale).  It is a "janya" rāga (derived scale), as it does not have all the seven musical notes ("swaras").  The equivalent of "Madhyamavati" in Hindustani music is "Madhumad Sarang". <SEP>  It is equivalent to the Carnatic melakarta raga Dheerasankarabharanam, as well as the Western Ionian mode (major scale) and contains the notes S R G m P D N S' ("see swara for explanation"). Bilawal is a raga and basic "thaat" (musical mode) in Hindustani classical music.  The pitches of Bilawal thaat are all shuddha, or natural.  Flat (komal) or sharp (tivra) of pitches always occurs with reference to the interval pattern in Bilawal thaat.  The Indian national anthem  Jana gana mana is sung in raag Bilawal. <SEP>  It is the 29th "Melakarta" rāga in the 72 "Melakarta" rāga system of Carnatic music. Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ, commonly known as "Śankarābharaṇaṃ", is a rāga in Carnatic music.  Since this raga has many Gamakās (ornamentations), it is glorified as ""Sarva Gamaka Maṇika Rakti Rāgaṃ"" in Telugu.
Question: In Boneland, Colin is now a Professor at an observatory established by whom?

Boneland is a 2012 novel by Alan Garner, a sequel to "The Weirdstone of Brisingamen" and "The Moon of Gomrath".  His solitary home is a kit-built hut ("A Bergli") in a quarry.  The boy Colin from the earlier novels is now an adult, still living near the top of Alderley Edge but now a Professor working at the nearby Jodrell Bank Observatory.  He has a form of amnesia which means he remembers nothing from before the age of 13, including his twin sister and his childhood adventures.  He visits a psychotherapist and the gradual uncovering of his past forms the main story. <SEP>  The observatory was established in 1945 by Sir Bernard Lovell, a radio astronomer at the University of Manchester who wanted to investigate cosmic rays after his work on radar during the Second World War. The Jodrell Bank Observatory (originally the Jodrell Bank Experimental Station, then the Nuffield Radio Astronomy Laboratories from 1966 to 1999; ) is a British observatory that hosts a number of radio telescopes, and is part of the Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics at the University of Manchester.  It has since played an important role in the research of meteors, quasars, pulsars, masers and gravitational lenses, and was heavily involved with the tracking of space probes at the start of the Space Age.  The managing director of the observatory is Professor Simon Garrington. <SEP> The Hirsch Observatory is an astronomical observatory at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in Troy, New York.  It is located on the roof of the Jonsson-Rowland Science Center (seen below) and is used by members of the Rensselaer Astrophysical Society as well as astronomy students in laboratory exercises.  It is frequently opened to the community for public viewing sessions.  The observatory's main dome contains a 16" Cassegrain Reflector, with a CCD camera and fully computerized controls.  The observatory also owns a variety of smaller scopes and a SBIG Spectrograph.  The spectrograph has been used to catalog bright solar spectrum as part of an effort to create an online digital database for astrophysical research.  The current director of the observatory is Professor Heidi Newberg. <SEP> Anderson Mesa Station is an astronomical observatory established in 1959 as a dark-sky observing site for Lowell Observatory.  It is located at Anderson Mesa in Coconino County, Arizona (USA), about 12 miles southeast of Lowell's main campus on Mars Hill in Flagstaff, Arizona.
Question: What did Michael Alford serve as, as part of the ISAF force against a known Taliban stronghold and center of opium production?

The Helmand province campaign was a series of military operations conducted by the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) forces against Taliban insurgents in the Helmand Province of Afghanistan. <ref name="Gall/Wafa-NYT"> </ref>  Their objective was to control a province that was known to be a Taliban stronghold, and a center of opium production. <SEP> Opium production in Myanmar (also known as "Burma") has historically been a major contributor to the county's gross domestic product (GDP).  Burma is the world's second largest producer of opium after Afghanistan, producing some 25% of the world's opium, and forms part of the Golden Triangle.  The opium industry was a monopoly during colonial times and has since been illegally operated by corrupt officials in the Burmese military and rebel fighters, primarily as the basis for heroin manufacture. <SEP> Operation Moshtarak (Dari for "Together" or "Joint"), also known as the Battle of Marjah, an International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) pacification offensive in the town of Marjah, Helmand Province, Afghanistan.  It involved a combined total of 15,000 Afghan, American, British, Canadian, Danish, and Estonian troops; constituting the largest joint operation of the War in Afghanistan up to that point.  The purpose of which, to remove the Taliban from Marja, eliminating the last Taliban stronghold in central Helmand Province. <SEP> Michael Alford (born 15 September 1958 in Cookham, England) is a British figurative painter whose work includes landscapes and cityscapes, figures, portraits and nudes.  Mostly self-taught, he has studied and the Slade and the Chelsea School of Art.  Early in his career he had an annual show at the Duncan Campbell Gallery in Mayfair and lived in Spain for extended period where the cost of living was reasonable.  In 2010 he served as official War Artist to the 1st Battalion Grenadier Guards during their tour of Helmand, Afghanistan.  He also worked as a muralist.  More recently he has painted nudes, cityscapes, a portrait of Vaughan Smith and completed a commission for the 1st Battalion Royal Irish Regiment.