Question: Which visual art movement involved the director of experimental films starring John Cale?

Lowbrow, or lowbrow art, describes an underground visual art movement that arose in the Los Angeles, California, area in the late 1970s.  It is a populist art movement with its cultural roots in underground comix, punk music, and hot-rod cultures of the street.  It is also often known by the name pop surrealism.  Lowbrow art often has a sense of humor – sometimes the humor is gleeful, sometimes impish, and sometimes it is a sarcastic comment. <SEP> John Cale is a Welsh musician, composer and record producer.  It began in the sixties in various experimental films (mostly by Andy Warhol, but also by other directors).  In 1987, he received lessons from an actor F. Murray Abraham and subsequently played the role of a character named Hubbley in the short film "The Houseguest".  He later starred in several other films and television series.  As a composer, he composes mainly for French drama films.  He also participated in a variety of documentary films and television programs.  As a director he made one experimental film called "Police Car".  Although his main field is music (he composed original musical score for many films), he starred in several films as an actor. <SEP> Concrete art is an art movement with a strong emphasis on abstraction.  The artist Theo van Doesburg, closely associated with the De Stijl art movement, coined the term "concrete art" as he in 1930 founded the group Art Concret and articulated its features in a manifesto titled "The Basis of Concrete Art", signed by four other artists of the group, including Otto G. Carlsund, Jean Hélion and Leon Tutundjian.  The manifesto explained that the resultant art should be non-referential insofar as its components should "not" refer to, or allude to, the entities normally encountered in the natural, visible world.  This is a distinction from abstraction generally.  In a more general sense "abstract art" could and often does include the "abstraction of forms in nature".  But "concrete art" was intended to emanate "directly from the mind" and consequently to be more "cerebral" than abstract art generally.  Concrete art is often composed of basic visual features such as planes, colors, and forms.  "Sentiment" tends to be absent from concrete art.  The "hand" of the artist may be difficult to detect in finished works of concrete art; concrete art may appear, in some instances, to have been made by a machine.  Concrete art often has a core visual reference to geometry whereas more general abstract art may find its basis in the components of the natural world.  A formulation of a description of concrete art might include a considerable reliance on the formal qualities of an artwork.  Theo Van Doesburg's manifesto stated that art "should receive nothing from nature's formal properties or from sensuality or sentimentality.  We want to exclude lyricism, dramaticism, symbolism, etc…."  In concrete art a mathematical equation can serve as a starting point.  Concrete art can include painting and sculpture. <SEP> Andy Warhol ( ; born Andrew Warhola; August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987) was an American artist, director and producer who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art.  His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, celebrity culture, and advertising that flourished by the 1960s, and span a variety of media, including painting, silkscreening, photography, film, and sculpture.  Some of his best known works include the silkscreen paintings "Campbell's Soup Cans" (1962) and "Marilyn Diptych" (1962), the experimental film "Chelsea Girls" (1966), and the multimedia events known as the "Exploding Plastic Inevitable" (1966–67).