winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What songwriter is younger, Lauri Ylönen or Sam Endicott?

Brian Joseph Karscig is a musician, songwriter, and record producer, but is mostly recognized as the co-singer/guitarist/songwriter for the American Rock and Roll Band Louis XIV signed to Atlantic Records.  He also is the singer/guitarist/songwriter of American Rock Band The Nervous Wreckords.  Karscig owns Nervous Productions, and co-owner of "The Pineapple Recording Group", and has produced records for artists such as Anya Marina (Slow and Steady Seduction: Phase II) for Chopshop/Atlantic Records, The Silent Comedy, Transfer, Les Gars, Apes of Wrath, Republic of Letters, and Subsurfer.  Aside from his songwriting with LOUIS XIV, and The Nervous Wreckords, Karscig is also known for his co-writes with Brandon Flowers of The Killers ("Thief in the Choir" and "Turn the Light On"), and Sam Endicott of The Bravery ("Send it in a Letter"), as well as Anya Marina ("Afterparty at Jimmy's) and A.J. Croce's 2013 single "Keep the Change".  Karscig is also credited with additional vocals on The Killers 2006 release "Sam's Town".  Most recently Karscig toured South America as the piano/guitar player for Brandon Flowers "Desired Effect" Tour, and also joined The Killers as 2nd guitar player for their 2016 US/Canada tour.  Although The Nervous Wreckords was Karscig's solo effort after Louis XIV, Karscig started his first solo record under his birth name Brian Karscig due out early 2017. <SEP>  He is best known as the lead vocalist of the Bravery, with whom he recorded three studio albums. Samuel Bingham "Sam" Endicott (born August 13, 1974) is an American songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, actor and director.  He is currently the lead singer of The Mercy Beat. <SEP> Lauri Ylönen (born 23 April 1979) is a Finnish singer-songwriter, best known as the frontman of the Finnish alternative rock band The Rasmus. <SEP> "Bittersweet" is a single by the cello rock band Apocalyptica in collaboration with Ville Valo (of HIM) and Lauri Ylönen (of The Rasmus).  The music is by Apocalyptica, the lyrics by Ville Valo and the vocals by Ville Valo and Lauri Ylönen.  The song is written for four cellos (quartet) and voice, but there are versions for just the cello quartet.  The lyrics are about a love triangle, in which a woman loves a man, who does not love her back, and another man which is in love with the woman, while she does not love him back.
Question: What Russian novel is regarded a central work of world literature and revolves around the story of a man banished to Siberia? 

The History of a Town is a fictional chronicle by Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin first published in 1870 and regarded as the major satirical Russian novel of the 19th century.  Originally it came out subtitled: "Based on true historical documents and published by M.E.Saltykov (Shchedrin)", implying the latter to be a publisher, not the author. <SEP> Nunni is a 2015 novel written by Karanam Pavan Prasad.  Dealing with the truth seeking temperament of human creature.  Novel revolves around female protagonist - who is basically a Nun.  Story reveals the missionaries activities in prospect to the world by dragging our vision to the fundamental definitions about truth, service and harmony.  'Nunni' was released on 25 September 2015.  It made a critical analysis of Christian missionaries Having Indian Nun as a protagonist.  'Mother Elisa' The character which resembles Mother Teresa, Eminently portrayed in this novel and also it propagated significant debates about truth, harmony and service Mother Teresa.  The novel went out well with selling perspective as well as critical perspective.  it is conceived as a classic work in recent times in Kannada literature as well as Indian literature. <SEP> War and Peace (pre-reform Russian: Война́ и миръ ; post-reform Russian: Война́ и мир , "Voyná i mir " ] ) is a novel by the Russian author Leo Tolstoy, which is regarded as a central work of world literature and one of Tolstoy's finest literary achievements. <SEP> "God Sees the Truth, But Waits" (Russian: "Бог правду видит, да не скоро скажет" , "Bog pravdu vidit da ne skoro skazhet") is a short story by Russian author Leo Tolstoy first published in 1872.  The concept of the story of a man wrongfully accused of murder and banished to Siberia also appears in one of Tolstoy's previous works, "War and Peace", during a philosophical discussion between two characters who relate the story and argue how the protagonist of their story deals with injustice and fate.  The story, about a man sent to prison for a murder he didn't commit, takes the form of a parable of forgiveness.  English translations were also published under titles "The Confessed Crime" and "Exiled to Siberia".
Question: Are Cistern of Aetius and Hirami Ahmet Pasha Mosque both churches?

The Cistern of Aetius (), known since the Ottoman period as Çukurbostan ("sunken garden") and since 1928 as Karagümrük stadyumu ("Karagümrük stadium") or Vefa stadyumu ("Vefa stadium"), was a Byzantine open-sky water reservoir in the city of Constantinople, important for historical reasons.  Once one of the largest Byzantine cisterns, it is now a football stadium in Istanbul. <SEP> Arab Ahmet is a Neighbourhood, Quarter, Mahalla or Parish of Nicosia, Cyprus and the mosque situated therein.  Both the Quarter and the mosque are named after Arab Ahmet Pasha, one of the Turkish commanders in the Ottoman conquest of Nicosia.  It is spelled Arabahmet in Turkish and Άραπ Άχμετ in Greek. <SEP> Gazi Mehmet Pasha's Mosque is one of the oldest monuments of Islamic art in Prizren.  The inscription above the entrance states it was built in 1561.  This mosque has a square base and numerous windows, while the main veneration niche (mihrab) and the pulpit (mimber) are made of marble.  A hexagonal mausoleum (madrasa) has been built in the courtyard of the mosque which Mehmet Pasha earmarked as his grave.  Building complex that mosque settles in, includes a high school (madrasa), a primary school (maktab), a library and a mausoleum for the founder, a bath of Gazi Mehmet Pasha, which is about 150m away from the mosque.  This Mosque, nowadays known as Bajrakli Mosque is behind Albanian League Museum.  Together with Albanian League Complex, Bath of Gazi Mehmet Pasha, and old urban houses, Mehmet Pasha Mosque gives you the sense of Ottoman architecture. <SEP>  The small church, one among the 36 dedicated to Saint John the Baptist in Constantinople, was part of a monastery bearing the same name.  Its full name was Saint John the Forerunner by-the-Dome (Greek: , "Hagios Ioannis ho Prodromos en tō Trullō"). Hirami Ahmet Pasha Mosque (Turkish: "Hırami Ahmet Paşa Mescidi" ) is a former Eastern Orthodox church converted into a mosque by the Ottomans.  It is the smallest Byzantine church of Constantinople still extant and has never been studied.
Question: In what city do you find a a railway halt near a Castle overlooking the Firth of Clyde?

Culzean Castle ( , see yogh; Scots: "Cullain" ) is a castle overlooking the Firth of Clyde, near Maybole, Carrick, on the Ayrshire coast of Scotland.  It is the former home of the Marquess of Ailsa, the chief of Clan Kennedy, but is now owned by the National Trust for Scotland.  The clifftop castle lies within the Culzean Castle Country Park and is opened to the public. <SEP> Balchriston Level Crossing Halt was a railway halt near Culzean Castle, South Ayrshire, Scotland.  The halt was part of the Maidens and Dunure Light Railway. <SEP> Grønholt halt is a railway halt near the village of Grønholt near the town of Hillerød in North Zealand, Denmark. <SEP> Morebath Junction Halt was a railway halt near the junction of the Devon and Somerset Railway and Exe Valley Railway in Devon, South West England.
Question: Navoi International Airport is an airport of entry in Navoi, Uzbekistan, named after which Turkic poet, writer, politician, linguist, mystic, and painter?

Navoi International Airport (IATA: NVI, ICAO: UTSA) is an airport of entry in Navoi, Uzbekistan.  It is named after Ali-Shir Nava'i. <SEP> Khawaja Ahmad Yassawi or Ahmed Yesevi (Kazakh: Қожа Ахмет Ясауи , "Qoja Axmet Yasawï", قوجا احمەت ياساۋٸ; Arabic: أحمد يسوي‎ ‎ , "’Ahmad Yasawī"; Uzbek: "Xoja Ahmad Yasaviy" , "Хожа Аҳмад Ясавий", خاجە ئەحمەد يەسەۋىي; , "Ахмет Ясавы", آحمِت يَسَویٛ; Turkish: "Ahmet Yesevi" ; born in Sayram in 1093, and died in 1166 in Turkestan City; both cities are now in Kazakhstan) was a Turkic poet and Sufi, an early mystic who exerted a powerful influence on the development of Sufi orders throughout the Turkic-speaking world.  Yasavi is currently the earliest known Turkic poet who composed poetry in Middle Turkic.  Ahmed Yesevi was a pioneer of popular mysticism, founded the first Turkic Sufi order, the "Yasawiyya" or "Yeseviye", which very quickly spread over Turkic-speaking areas.  He was an Hanafi scholar like his murshid, Yusuf Hamdani. <SEP> Samarkand International Airport (IATA: SKD, ICAO: UTSS) is an airport of entry in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, 6 km (3.7 mi) from the city center.  The airport is operated by Uzbekistan Airways since the creation of the airline in 1992.  The airport has domestic as well as international flights. <SEP> Mīr 'Alisher Navai (9 February 1441 – 3 January 1501), also known as Nizām-al-Din ʿAlisher Herawī (Chagatai-Turkic/Persian: نظام‌الدین علی‌شیر نوایی‎ ‎ ) was a Turkic poet, writer, politician, linguist, mystic, and painter.  He was the greatest representative of Chagatai literature.
Question: What year was the man from Rock City Falls known as the Paper Bag King born in?

George West (February 17, 1823 – September 20, 1901) was an industrialist and a U.S. Representative from New York. <SEP> Shor was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on April 2nd, 1954.  His father, S. David Shor had started the Covington, Kentucky-based paper bag manufacturing business,Duro Bag Manufacturing the year before Charles was born.  At this point, the company had one location with only a handful of employees. <SEP> Rock City is a roadside attraction on Lookout Mountain in Lookout Mountain, Georgia, located near Ruby Falls.  It is well known for the many barn advertisements throughout the Southeast and Midwest United States that have the slogan "See Rock City" painted on roofs and sides.  Clark Byers painted over 900 barn roofs in nineteen states to advertise for Rock City from 1935 to 1969. <SEP>  The hamlet achieved fame as the origins of Paper Bag King George West, who established his Empire Mill there in 1862. Rock City Falls is a hamlet in the town of Milton, Saratoga County, New York, United States.  The principal roads are Route 29 and Rock City Falls Road.  He went on to build the Excelsior Mill next door in 1866 and a mansion across the street.  The George West House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
Question: Who was the sidekick of Radioactive Man, from the television series featuring executive producers Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein?

Josh Weinstein (born May 5, 1966) is an American television writer and producer, known for his work on the animated comedy series "The Simpsons".  Weinstein and Bill Oakley became best friends and writing partners at St. Albans High School; Weinstein then attended Stanford University and was editor-in-chief of the "Stanford Chaparral".  He worked on several short-term media projects, including writing for the variety show "Sunday Best", but was then unemployed for a long period. <SEP>  Much to Bart's disappointment, the part of the hero's sidekick, Fallout Boy, goes to Milhouse. "Radioactive Man" is the second episode of "The Simpsons"' seventh season.  It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 24, 1995.  The episode sees the film version of the comic book series "Radioactive Man" set up production in Springfield.  Milhouse, however, hates acting, so he quits the role, forcing the producers of the film to shut down production and go back to Hollywood. <SEP> "The Simpsons"' seventh season originally aired on the Fox network between September 17, 1995 and May 19, 1996.  David Mirkin executive produced the remaining four, including two hold overs that were produced for the previous season.  The season was nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards, including Outstanding Animated Program and won an Annie Award for Best Animated Television Program.  The DVD box set was released in Region 1 December 13, 2005, Region 2 January 30, 2006 and Region 4 on March 22, 2006.  The show runners for the seventh production season were Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein who would executive produce 21 episodes this season.  The set was released in two different forms: a Marge-shaped box and also a standard rectangular-shaped box in which the theme is a movie premiere. <SEP> The Mullets is an American sitcom that was created by producers Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein.  It first aired on UPN in September 2003, and was cancelled in March 2004 due to poor reception.  It starred Michael Weaver, David Hornsby, Loni Anderson, and John O'Hurley.
Question: Museum of Illumination and Heating Appliances and Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Mosque,  are located in Istanbul, in which country?

The Museum of Illumination and Heating Appliances (Turkish: "Aydınlatma ve Isıtma Araçları Müzesi" ) is a small, privately run museum adjacent to the Blue Mosque and Hagia Sophia in the Sultanahhmet neighbourhood of Eminönü in Istanbul, Turkey. <SEP> The Gazi Atik Ali Pasha Mosque (Turkish: "Gazi Atik Ali Paşa Camii" ) is an old Ottoman mosque located in the Çemberlitaş neighbourhood of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey.  Its construction was started under the orders of the future Grand Vizier Hadım Atik Ali Pasha in 1496 and was completed in 1497, during the reign of Sultan Bayezid II.  The mosque is located near the entrance to the Kapalıçarşı (Grand Bazaar), the Column of Constantine, and the historical Nuruosmaniye Mosque. <SEP> Atik Ali Pasha Mosque may refer to one of two mosques built in the Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey by the late 15th- and early 16th-century Ottoman statesman Hadım Atik Ali Pasha: <SEP> Vasat Atik Ali Pasha Mosque (Turkish: "Vasat Atik Ali Paşa Camii" ), also known as Zincirlikuyu Mosque (Turkish: "Zincirlikuyu Camii" ) or Karagümrük Mosque, is an Ottoman mosque located in the Karagümrük neighbourhood of the Fatih district in Istanbul, Turkey, on Fevzipaşa Street.  Sultan Bayezid II's grand vizier Hadım Atik Ali Pasha, after whom the mosque is named, ordered its construction in 1502, and it was completed in 1512, one year after the grand vizier's death.
Question: Who is older, Guy Manos or Paul Scheuring?

Guy Manos (born September 7, 1959) is a former world champion skydiver and multiple world record holder, and a screenwriter, film director, and stuntman.  He is a graduate of the University of Miami Film School. <SEP> Cutaway is a 2000 made for television action film about skydiving, directed by Guy Manos.  The term "cut-away" is used frequently in the film, in reference to parachuting and also in reference to life in general.  "Cutaway" stars Tom Berenger, Stephen Baldwin, Dennis Rodman, Maxine Bahns, Ron Silver, Casper Van Dien and Thomas Ian Nicholas.  This was Dennis Rodman's third film. <SEP> "Manhunt" is the season premiere of season two of the American television series "Prison Break" and the twenty-third episode overall.  The episode was first aired on August 21, 2006 in the United States.  It is written by series creator Paul Scheuring and directed by Kevin Hooks, who directed the season finale of season one, "Flight".  William Fichtner is introduced as a new regular cast member, whose character is assigned to track down the eight escapees from Fox River State Penitentiary.  The role of Terrence Steadman was recast to Jeff Perry, who replaces John Billingsley as the brother of Caroline Reynolds (based on how little time the character was seen clearly, series creator Paul Scheuring jokingly questioned in interviews whether Billingsley had ever even been on the show to begin with). <SEP>  His work includes the 2003 film "A Man Apart" and the creation of the television drama "Prison Break", for which he was also credited as an executive producer and head writer. Paul T. Scheuring (born November 20, 1968) is an American screenwriter and director of films and television shows.
Question: What was Belushi known for besides his energy and attitude?

In social psychology, the Yale attitude change approach (also known as the Yale attitude change model) is the study of the conditions under which people are most likely to change their attitudes in response to persuasive messages.  This approach to persuasive communications was first studied by Carl Hovland and his colleagues at Yale University.  The basic model of this approach can be described as "who said what to whom": the source of the communication, the nature of the communication and the nature of the audience.  According to this approach, many factors affect each component of a persuasive communication.  The credibility and attractiveness of the communicator (source), the quality and sincerity of the message (nature of the communication), and the attention, intelligence and age of the audience (nature of the audience) can influence an audience's attitude change with a persuasive communication.  Independent variables include the source, message, medium and audience, with the dependent variable the effect (or impact) of the persuasion. <SEP>  The cast members of "Saturday Night Live" were originally referred to as the "Not Ready For Prime Time Players." The following is a list of "Saturday Night Live" cast members, past and present. <SEP> John Adam Belushi ( ; January 24, 1949 – March 5, 1982) was an American comedian, actor and musician.  Throughout his career, Belushi had a close personal and artistic partnership with his fellow "SNL" star Dan Aykroyd, whom he met while they were both working at Chicago's The Second City comedy club.  Belushi is best known for his "intense energy and raucous attitude" which he displayed as one of the seven original cast members of the NBC sketch comedy show "Saturday Night Live" ("SNL"). <SEP> Qytezë (or Qyteza in its definite form in Albanian) is a community in the Korçë County, southern Albania.  At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Devoll.  The settlement is known for being the birthplace of Adam Belushi, the father of John and James Belushi.
Question: What year was the father of Antyllus born?

Miyake Yasunobu (三宅 康信 , 1563 – November 9, 1632) was a Japanese daimyo of the late Sengoku period through early Edo period.  He was born in Tōtōmi Province, the eldest son of Miyake Yasusada.  Together with his father, Yasunobu served Tokugawa Ieyasu, fighting in many of the Tokugawa clan's major campaigns.  During the Battle of Sekigahara (1600), Yasunobu served as castle warden of Yokosuka Castle, and was granted wardenship of Kameyama Castle after the campaign.  In 1614, during the first Sieges of Osaka, he defended Sunpu Castle in Suruga Province; during the following year, he supervised the defense of Yodo Castle.  After his father's death the same year, he succeeded to family headship, and received his father's domain of Koromo.  His income was raised by 2,000 koku in 1620, when he received the Ise-Kameyama Domain (12,000 koku). <SEP> Marcus Antonius (Latin: ; January 14, 83 BC – August 1, 30 BC), commonly known in English as Mark or Marc Antony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from an oligarchy into the autocratic Roman Empire. <SEP> "For the son of Mark Antony, see Marcus Antonius Antyllus" <SEP> Father Serapion was born in the year 1709 by the name Girgis Henein Abdel-Messeih.  He join the monastery of the Coptic Orthodox Church at the age of twenty-six years old in the year 1735 and given the monasticism name Serapion.  Father Serapion returned to his monastery in the year 1903 after he disappeared for over 150 years.  In less than a month after his return he departed in peace at the age of 194 years old.
Question: In what city is the university, for which Tom Parac was the head football coach from 1968 to 1970, loacted?

Tom Parac (born c. 1931) is a former American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator.  Parac was the athletic director at Montana State from 1971 to 1985.  He served as the head football coach at Montana State University from 1968 to 1970, compiling a record of 9–20.  A native of Lewistown, Montana, Parac played college football as a quarterback at Montana State, where he also lettered in basketball and baseball. <SEP> Tom Keele (born c. 1933) is a former American football coach.  He served as the head football coach at California State University, Northridge from 1979 to 1985, compiling a record of 31–42–1.  Keele graduated from Jefferson High School in Portland Oregon in 1951.  He attended the University of Oregon, where he played football for the Oregon Webfoots as a tackle from 1957 to 1959.  Keele began his coaching career in 1960 at North Eugene High School in Eugene, Oregon, working two years as an assistant football coach and sophomore basketball coach.  He moved to Oregon City High School in Oregon City, Oregon in 1962, serving as head football coach and leading his team to a 9–1–1 record.  The following year, he was hired as head football coach at the newly-formed Sheldon High School in Eugene. <SEP> Montana State University (MSU) is a land-grant university located in Bozeman, Montana, United States.  It is the state's largest university and primary campus in the Montana State University System, which is part of the Montana University System.  MSU offers baccalaureate degrees in 51 fields, master's degrees in 41 fields, and doctoral degrees in 18 fields through its nine colleges. <SEP> Dave Puddington (born c. 1928) is a former American football coach.  He served as the head football coach at Washington University in St. Louis from 1962 to 1967 and at Kent State University from 1968 to 1970, compiling a career college football coaching record of 45–37–3.  Puddington is a native of Canton, Ohio.  He played football and basketball at Ohio Wesleyan University.  After serving in the United States Navy, Puddington began his coaching career as an assistant to Jack Fouts at Fairmont High School in Kettering, Ohio.  He was appointed head football coach there in 1958 and led his team to a 9–0 record and a seventh-place ranking among high schools in the state that season.  In 1959 Pudding moved to Kent State, where he served a backfield coach under Trevor J. Rees for three seasons.
Question: What part of the United States government is responsible for The Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965?

The Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 established the Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC), which was tasked with overseeing economic development programs in the Appalachia region, as well as the construction of the Appalachian Highway Development System.  Membership included representatives from New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maryland, West Virginia, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi, as well as one federal appointee. <SEP> The Appalachian Development Highway System (ADHS) is part of the Appalachian Regional Commission in the United States.  It consists of a series of highway corridors in the Appalachia region of the eastern United States.  The routes are designed as local and regional routes for improving economic development in the historically isolated region.  It was established as part of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965, and has been repeatedly supplemented by various federal and state legislative and regulatory actions.  The system consists of a mixture of state, U.S., and Interstate routes.  The routes are formally designated as "corridors" and assigned a letter.  Signage of these corridors varies from place to place, but where signed are often done so with a distinctive blue-colored sign. <SEP> The following list contains the 420 counties and eight independent cities that comprise the region of Appalachia as defined by the Appalachian Regional Commission.  The ARC was established by the United States federal government in 1965 to alleviate poverty in the Appalachian region, and currently monitors areas in 13 states. <SEP>  Congress established ARC to bring the region into socioeconomic parity with the rest of the nation. The Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) is a United States federal-state partnership that works with the people of Appalachia to create opportunities for self-sustaining economic development and improved quality of life.
Question: "A Wild Pear" features an interview by which Canadian interviewer and musician born on July 5, 1968?

"A Wild Pear" is a split EP from the Canadian garage rock band The Evaporators and American rock artist Andrew W.K..  It was released on June 23, 2009, and features one original song and one cover by The Evaporators on side 1 and two covers by Andrew W.K. and an interview by Nardwuar the Human Serviette (lead singer and keyboardist of The Evaporators) with Andrew W.K. on side 2.  The EP features cover art by cartoonist Mitch Clem. <SEP> John Ruskin (born July 5, 1968), better known as Nardwuar the Human Serviette, is a Canadian interviewer and musician from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.  He is the lead singer and keyboardist for The Evaporators and plays in Thee Goblins. <SEP> Andrew Walter Gibson Scott (born November 15, 1967) is a Canadian musician born in Ottawa, Ontario and currently living in Toronto.  His first bands include No Damn Fears, Oreo Reversed and Blackpool from Halifax, Nova Scotia.  Currently, he is a drummer with the Toronto-based band Sloan.  He also plays guitar with the band, usually on songs he has written.  Three of his songs, "500 Up", "People of the Sky", and "I've Gotta Try" have been released by Sloan as singles.  He is married to Fiona Highet and is father of Stirling Scott and Alistair Scott. <SEP> Shaun Proulx (born August 1, 1968) is a Canadian media entrepreneur, speaker, authour, publisher, interviewer and radio & television personality, who currently hosts the weekly "The Shaun Proulx Show" on SiriusXM's Canada Talks.  He also regularly provides commentary for Canadian and American media outlets including SUN News TV, CNN and eTalk.  In late September 2013, during a live interview with the CBC Radio's Matt Galloway, Proulx publicly disclosed that his was diagnosed HIV+ in 2005.  He has also previously contributed to "The Globe and Mail" and to Toronto's LGBT newspaper "Xtra! ", and was the afternoon radio host on 103.9 PROUD FM (CIRR-FM).
Question: What are two mood disorders that Thalia Catherine Eley would come across in her study of depression?

 Depressed mood is also a symptom of some mood disorders such as major depressive disorder and dysthymia. Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings, and sense of well-being.  A depressed mood is a normal temporary reaction to life events such as loss of a loved one.  It is also a symptom of some physical diseases and a side effect of some drugs and medical treatments. <SEP>  Her work focuses on the interplay between genetic and environmental factors on the development and treatment of anxiety and depression. Thalia Catherine Eley is a Professor of Developmental Behavioural Genetics at the Institute of Psychiatry's MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London. <SEP> Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity.  It may be a normal reaction to occurring life events or circumstances, a symptom of a medical condition, a side effect of drugs or medical treatments, or a symptom of certain psychiatric syndromes, such as the mood disorders major depressive disorder and dysthymia.  Depression in childhood and adolescence is similar to adult major depressive disorder, although young sufferers may exhibit increased irritability or aggressive and self-destructive behavior, rather than the all-encompassing sadness associated with adult forms of depression.  Children who are under stress, experience loss, or have attention, learning, behavioral, or anxiety disorders are at a higher risk for depression.  Childhood depression is often co-morbid with mental disorders outside of other mood disorders; most commonly anxiety disorder and conduct disorder.  Depression also tends to run in families.  Psychologists have developed different treatments to assist children and adolescents suffering from depression, though the legitimacy of the diagnosis of childhood depression as a psychiatric disorder, as well as the efficacy of various methods of assessment and treatment, remains controversial. <SEP> The affective spectrum is a spectrum of affective disorders (mood disorders).  It is a grouping of related psychiatric and medical disorders which may accompany bipolar, unipolar, and schizoaffective disorders at statistically higher rates than would normally be expected.  These disorders are identified by a common positive response to the same types of pharmacologic treatments.  They also aggregate strongly in families and may therefore share common heritable underlying physiologic anomalies.
Question: In what city is the animation studio which created Wallace & Gromit's Grand Adventures based?

 The game was developed and published by Telltale Games.  It consists of four episodes, which were released to Microsoft Windows from March 23 to July 30, 2009 and to Xbox 360 from May 27 to November 4, 2009. Wallace & Gromit's Grand Adventures is an episodic graphic adventure game based around the characters of "Wallace and Gromit" created by Nick Park and Aardman Animations. <SEP> Wallace and Gromit is a British clay animation comedy series created by Nick Park of Aardman Animations.  The series consists of four short films and a feature-length film.  The series centres on Wallace, a good-natured, eccentric, cheese-loving inventor, along with his companion Gromit, a silent yet loyal and intelligent anthropomorphic dog.  Wallace was originally voiced by veteran actor Peter Sallis, but as of 2011, this role has been passed on to Ben Whitehead.  Gromit remains silent, communicating only through means of facial expressions and body language. <SEP> Aardman Animations, Ltd., also known as Aardman Studios, or simply as Aardman, is a British animation studio based in Bristol.  Aardman is known for films made using stop-motion clay animation techniques, particularly those featuring Plasticine characters Wallace and Gromit.  After some experimental computer animated short films during the late 1990s, beginning with "Owzat" (1997), it entered the computer animation market with "Flushed Away" (2006).  Aardman films have made $973.2 million worldwide and average $163 million per film.  All of their stop motion films are among the highest-grossing stop-motion films, with their debut, "Chicken Run" (2000), being their top-grossing film as well as the highest-grossing stop-motion film of all time. <SEP> Wallace & Gromit's Musical Marvels (also known as Wallace & Gromit at the Proms) is the name of Prom 20 of the 2012 season of The BBC Proms, which features orchestral renditions of Julian Nott's theme from Wallace & Gromit and classical music set to scenes from the Wallace & Gromit films.  Wallace is performed by Ben Whitehead, the actor who performed Wallace in the episodic adventure game series, Wallace & Gromit's Grand Adventures.  Due to its popularity, it became a full touring show in 2013, premiering at The Plenary in Melbourne, Australia on 9 February 2013.
Question: Are Romulea and Gunnera manicata both flowering plants?

Gunnera manicata, known as Brazilian giant-rhubarb giant rhubarb, or dinosaur food, is a species of flowering plant in the Gunneraceae family from Brazil. <SEP> Gunnera is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants.  Some species have extremely large leaves.  Species in the genus are variously native to Latin America, Australia, New Zealand, Papuasia, Hawaii, insular Southeast Asia, Africa, and Madagascar. <SEP>  It is distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, the Arabian Peninsula, and Africa. Romulea is a genus of flowering plants in the iris family, first described as a genus in 1772. <SEP> The Gunnerales are an order of flowering plants.  In the APG III system (2009) and APG IV system (2016) it contains two genera: "Gunnera" (in family Gunneraceae) and "Myrothamnus" (in family Myrothamnaceae).  In the Cronquist system (1981), the Gunneraceae were in the Haloragales and Myrothamnaceae in the Hamamelidales.
Question: On October 15, 2012 Viktor Blom was signed-up by an online poker card room that opened in what year?

Viktor Blom (born 26 September 1990) is a Swedish high-stakes online poker player, best known by the online poker name Isildur1.  Blom parted ways with PokerStars in August 2012 and was quickly signed-up by Full Tilt Poker on October 15, 2012, along with rival high-stakes player Tom Dwan.  His rise to fame drew considerable attention around the poker world in late 2009, when he took part in all ten of the largest pots in online poker history.  In December 2010, it was announced that then-anonymous Isildur1 had joined Team PokerStars Pro.  Blom's identity was revealed by PokerStars on January 8, 2011, at the PokerStars Caribbean Adventure. <SEP> Brian Hastings (born June 24, 1988) of Hanover Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania is an American professional poker player known for his three World Series of Poker bracelets and for his profitable online cash game sessions against the Swedish poker player Viktor Blom, better known by his Online-Poker name Isildur1. <SEP> The PlayWCOOP (PlayWorld Championship of Online Poker) is a series of poker tournaments taking place every year in online poker room PokerStars.net.  It is dedicated to amateur players and is considered the largest Play Money series of tournaments in the world.  Its creation was based on WCOOP (World Championship of Online Poker), which also occurs in the PokerStars room.  The first edition of PlayWCOOP took place in 2014 and featured 66 events. <SEP>  Formerly privately owned by Tiltware, LLC and later by the Rational Entertainment Group, the site was acquired by The Stars Group (then known as Amaya Gaming Group) in a deal where Amaya acquired all of Rational's assets, including PokerStars.  A statement by Amaya said the takeover would not affect the activities of Full Tilt Poker. Full Tilt Poker is an Irish online poker card room and online casino that opened in June 2004.  The deal was closed on August 1, 2014.
Question: Transocean Air Lines Flight 512 crashed into the Pacific Ocean east of which island that is one of the most isolated islands in the world?  

The Sterile Cockpit Rule is an FAA regulation requiring pilots to refrain from non-essential activities during critical phases of flight, normally below 10,000 feet (3048 meters).  The FAA imposed the rule in 1981 after reviewing a series of accidents that were caused by flight crews who were distracted from their flying duties by engaging in non-essential conversations and activities during critical parts of the flight.  One such notable accident was Eastern Air Lines Flight 212, which crashed just short of the runway at Charlotte/Douglas International Airport in 1974 while conducting an instrument approach in dense fog.  The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) concluded that a probable cause of the accident was distraction due to idle chatter among the flight crew during the approach phase of the flight.  Similar is the case of Colgan Air Flight 3407 in 2009. <SEP> Eastern Air Lines Flight 512 was a DC-7B flying into New York City.  On November 30, 1962 it crashed during a go-around after failing to land at Idlewild Airport in the fog.  Out of the 51 passengers and crew on board, 25 were fatally injured. <SEP> Wake Island (also known as Wake Atoll) is a coral atoll in the western Pacific Ocean in the northeastern area of the Micronesia subregion, 1,501 mi east of Guam, 2,298 mi west of Honolulu and 1,991 mi southeast of Tokyo.  Wake Island is one of the most isolated islands in the world and the nearest inhabited island is Utirik Atoll in the Marshall Islands, 592 mi to the southeast.  The island is an unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States Minor Outlying Islands that is also claimed by the Republic of the Marshall Islands. <SEP> Transocean Air Lines Flight 512 was a Transocean Airlines flight from Guam to Oakland, California, "via" Wake Island and Honolulu.  On 12 July 1953, at approximately 08:41 GMT, the aircraft serving the flight, a Douglas DC-6A, registration N90806, crashed into the Pacific Ocean roughly 630 km (340 nmi) east of Wake Island while "en route" to Honolulu.  All 58 passengers and crew were killed.
Question: Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood stars an actress who voiced what character in "The Transformers"?

Friday the 13th: A New Beginning (also known as Friday the 13th Part V: A New Beginning) is a 1985 American slasher film directed by Danny Steinmann and the fifth installment in the "Friday the 13th" film series.  The film stars John Shepherd as Tommy Jarvis, the boy who killed Jason Voorhees in the previous installment, "" (1984).  Shepherd replaces Corey Feldman, who played Tommy in "The Final Chapter", although Feldman makes a cameo appearance in the film's prologue. <SEP>  It is the seventh installment in the "Friday the 13th" film series, and the first film to feature Kane Hodder as Jason Voorhees, who would play the character in the following three films.  Incorporating elements of supernatural horror, the film follows a psychokinetic teenage girl who inadvertently unleashes Jason from his grave in Crystal Lake, where she and her friends are staying. Friday the 13th Part VII: The New Blood is a 1988 American supernatural slasher film directed by John Carl Buechler and starring Lar Park Lincoln, Kevin Blair, and Susan Blu. <SEP> Susan "Sue" Blu (born Susan Maria Blupka; July 12, 1948) is an American voice actress, voice director and casting director in American and Canadian cinema and television.  She is also known for playing the roles of Stormer and Lin-Z Pierce in the 80s animated series "Jem".  She most notably voiced Arcee in the and Seasons 3 and 4 of "The Transformers" (she later reprised the role in "Transformers Animated"). <SEP> Friday the 13th: The Final Chapter is a 1984 American slasher film directed by Joseph Zito and the fourth installment in the "Friday the 13th" film series.  Following the events of "Friday the 13th Part III", Jason Voorhees returns to Crystal Lake and continues his killing spree on a family and a group of neighboring teenagers after being revived from his mortal wound.  The film stars Corey Feldman, Ted White, Kimberly Beck, and Crispin Glover.
Question: Salah "Entertainer" Benlemqawanssa (born June 28, 1979), also known as Spider Salah, is an award-winning competitive hip-hop dancer from France who won the inaugural season of "La France a un incroyable talent", he calls his personal dance style P.A.B.E., P stands for which original  street dance and one of the original funk styles that came from Fresno, California during the late 1960s–1970s?

 The dance is based on the technique of quickly contracting and relaxing muscles to cause a jerk in the dancer's body, referred to as a "pop" or a "hit". Popping is a street dance and one of the original funk styles that came from Fresno, California during the late 1960s–1970s.  This is done continuously to the rhythm of a song in combination with various movements and poses. <SEP> The History of Hip-Hop dance encompasses the people and events since the late 1970s that have contributed to the development of the early hip-hop dance moves, such as uprock, breaking, locking, roboting, boogaloo, and popping.  Black Americans and Latino Americans created uprock and breaking in New York City.  Black Americans in California created locking, roboting, boogaloo, and popping—collectively referred to as the "funk styles".  All of these dance styles are different stylistically.  They share common ground in their street origins and in their improvisational nature. <SEP> Les Romanesques (レ・ロマネスク , Re Romanesuku ) are a Paris-based Japanese performance duo.  Composed of singer Romanesque Ishitobi (ロマネスク石飛 , Romanesuku Ishitobi , a.k.a. "Tobi") , known for his signature blonde wig and prince persona, and dancer Romanesque Miyamae (ロマネスク宮前 , Romanesuku Miyamae , a.k.a. "Miya") , known for her French maid/drag queen style, large blonde afro wig, and white-painted lips, Les Romanesques have appeared in many advertising campaigns in France, including for Mazda, and released several singles and albums.  Their song "Théorème d'amour" was used in the independent production "France Five".  Les Romanesques also have appeared at various gay pride events, such as the 2009 Heritage of Pride and the 2010 PrideFest.  The group achieved national fame in France after appearing on "Incroyable Talent" ("France's Got Talent") in its 4th season.  The YouTube posting of their performance became the #1 viewed video in all of France, and #4 worldwide.  Ishitobi is a graduate of Keio University's economics program while Miyamae is a graduate of Waseda University's human sciences program. <SEP> Salah "Entertainer" Benlemqawanssa (born June 28, 1979), also known as Spider Salah, is an award-winning competitive hip-hop dancer from France who won the inaugural season of "La France a un incroyable talent" ("France has Incredible Talent") and the fourth season of "Arabs Got Talent".  He was born in the Paris suburb Saint-Denis and is of Algerian and Moroccan ancestry.  Although Salah is best known for popping, he is also skilled in b-boying.  He calls his personal dance style P.A.B.E. which stands for Popping, Animation, Boogaloo, and Effects.
Question: Was Metro 2033 released in 2013?

Metro 2033 is a first-person shooter survival horror video game developed by 4A Games and published by THQ.  The story is based on Dmitry Glukhovsky's novel of the same name, and is set in the ruins of Moscow following a nuclear war, where the survivors are forced to live in underground metro tunnels.  It was released in 2010 for the Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows.  Players control Artyom, a man who must save his home station from the dangers lurking within the Metro. <SEP> Metro 2034 (Russian: Метро 2034 ) is a novel written by Russian author Dmitry Glukhovsky and is a sequel to his novel Metro 2033.  Although Metro 2034 is the official continuation of the Metro 2033 storyline, the 2013 video game – the sequel to the video game adaptation of the original novel – has no similarities to the novel in its plot.  Metro: Last Light has been adapted into the novel Metro 2035. <SEP> Metro 2035 (Russian: Метро 2035 ) is a post-apocalyptic science fiction novel by Russian author Dmitry Glukhovsky.  It is a direct sequel to Metro 2033, set after the events of Metro 2034, and is partially inspired by .  On the day of the book's premiere in Russia, it was divulged that a Polish translation was already in the works and scheduled to be published in autumn of 2015; the novel arrived in Poland on 4 November of the same year, followed by a Hungarian edition several weeks later.  An English version was expected to be released by Christmas 2016, finally arriving in early December 2016. <SEP>  In addition, it saw the release of many new intellectual properties, such as "", "Papers, Please", "Tearaway", "The Wonderful 101" and "The Last of Us".  Many awards went to games such as "BioShock Infinite", "Grand Theft Auto V", "The Last of Us" and "". Numerous games were released in 2013, including new installments for well-received franchises, such as "Ace Attorney", "Army of Two", "Assassin's Creed", "", "Battlefield", "BioShock", "Call of Duty", "Crysis", "Dead Rising", "Dead Space", "Devil May Cry", "Final Fantasy", "Fire Emblem", "Forza Motorsport", "God of War", "Gears of War", "Gran Turismo", "Grand Theft Auto", "Killer Instinct", "Killzone", "Lost Planet", "Mario Party", "Metro", "Need for Speed", "Pokémon", "Rayman", "Saints Row", "Shantae", "SimCity", "Sly Cooper", "Sonic The Hedgehog", "StarCraft", "Super Mario", "The Legend of Zelda", "Tom Clancy's Splinter Cell", "Tomb Raider", "Total War" and "Zoo Tycoon".  Gaming consoles PlayStation 4 from Sony Computer Entertainment and the Xbox One from Microsoft were also released in 2013.
Question: What position did the physician and chemist, who was the first to recognize the distinction between heat and temperature, hold at the University of Glasgow?

In the study of heat transfer, fins are surfaces that extend from an object to increase the rate of heat transfer to or from the environment by increasing convection.  The amount of conduction, convection, or radiation of an object determines the amount of heat it transfers.  Increasing the temperature gradient between the object and the environment, increasing the convection heat transfer coefficient, or increasing the surface area of the object increases the heat transfer.  Sometimes it is not feasible or economical to change the first two options.  Thus, adding a fin to an object, increases the surface area and can sometimes be an economical solution to heat transfer problems. <SEP> Calorimetry is the science or act of measuring changes in state variables of a body for the purpose of deriving the heat transfer associated with changes of its state due, for example, to chemical reactions, physical changes, or phase transitions under specified constraints.  Scottish physician and scientist Joseph Black, who was the first to recognize the distinction between heat and temperature, is said to be the founder of the science of calorimetry.  Calorimetry is performed with a calorimeter.  The word "calorimetry" is derived from the Latin word "calor", meaning heat and the Greek word "μέτρον" (metron), meaning measure. <SEP> Arthur Smithells, CMG FRS (24 May 1860 – 24 February 1939) was a British chemist.  Born in Bury, Lancashire, on 24 May 1860.  His father James Smithells, was a railway manager.  He was educated at University of Glasgow, then spent time under Roscoe and Schorlemmer at Owens College, Manchester.  He gained his B.Sc.  from the University of London, then took supplemental courses at Munich and, with Robert Bunsen, at Heidelberg University.  In 1883 he was appointed assistant lecturer at Owens College, and two years later succeeded Professor Sir Edward Thorpe as Professor of Chemistry in Yorkshire College, Leeds, which was subsequently incorporated as the University of Leeds.  Smithells went on to hold the position of Pro-Vice-Chancellor at Leeds, which he held until he retired from the Chair then becoming Emeritus Professor in 1923. <SEP> Joseph Black FRSE FRCPE FPSG (16 April 1728 – 6 December 1799) was a Scottish physician and chemist, known for his discoveries of magnesium, latent heat, specific heat, and carbon dioxide.  He was Professor of Anatomy and Chemistry at the University of Glasgow for 10 years from 1756, and then Professor of Medicine and Chemistry at the University of Edinburgh from 1766, teaching and lecturing there for more than 30 years.