Question: In what period did Islamic armies conquer the country that is known for Muslims and its people who attempted a large-scale effort at translation?

Religious beliefs in the Eastern Empire and Persia were in flux during the late 6th and early 7th centuries. Judaism was an active proselytising faith, and at least one Arab political leader converted to it. [J] Christianity had active missions competing with the Persians' Zoroastrianism in seeking converts, especially among residents of the Arabian Peninsula. All these strands came together with the emergence of Islam in Arabia during the lifetime of Muhammad (d. 632). By 714, Islamic forces controlled much of the peninsula in a region they called Al-Andalus. After his death, Islamic forces conquered much of the Eastern Empire and Persia, starting with Syria in 634–635 and reaching Egypt in 640–641, Persia between 637 and 642, North Africa in the later 7th century, and the Iberian Peninsula in 711. <SEP> in the mid-fifteenth century, the religion of sikhism was born. during the mughal empire, many hindus increasingly adopted sikhism. these became a formidable military force against the mughals and later against the afghan empire. after fighting ahmad shah durrani in the later eighteenth century, the sikhs took control of punjab and managed to establish the sikh empire under maharaja ranjit singh, which lasted from 1799 to 1849. the capital of ranjit singh's empire was lahore, and the empire also extended into afghanistan and kashmir. bhangi misl was the fist sikh band to conquer lahore and other towns of punjab. syed ahmad barelvi a muslim, waged jihad and attempted to create an islamic state with strict enforcement of islamic law. syed ahmad barelvi in 1821 with many supporters and spent two years organising popular and material support for his punjab campaign. he carefully developed a network of people through the length and breadth of india to collect funds and encourage volunteers, travelling widely throughout india attracting a following among pious muslims. in december 1826 sayyid ahmad and his followers clashed with sikh troops at akora khattak, but with no decisive result. in a major battle near the town of balakot in 1831, sayyid ahmad and shah ismail shaheed with volunteer muslims were defeated by the professional sikh army. <SEP> the conservation - restoration of the statue of liberty spanned from 1984 to 1986. the statue of liberty (liberty enlightening the world by frédéric auguste bartholdi) is a colossal monument on liberty island in new york harbor and is a part of the statue of liberty national monument. much of the restoration effort was based on unprecedented restorative methods, owing largely to the fact that metallurgical repair work on such a scale had never been attempted before. many professional scientists and engineers, government organizations and various consultants were called in to evaluate and deal with the various problems and tasks facing the restoration effort. <SEP> The Arabs undertook large-scale efforts at translation. Having conquered the Greek world, they made Arabic versions of its philosophical and scientific works. During the Middle Ages, translations of some of these Arabic versions were made into Latin, chiefly at Córdoba in Spain. King Alfonso X el Sabio (Alphonse the Wise) of Castille in the 13th century promoted this effort by founding a Schola Traductorum (School of Translation) in Toledo. There Arabic texts, Hebrew texts, and Latin texts were translated into the other tongues by Muslim, Jewish and Christian scholars, who also argued the merits of their respective religions. Latin translations of Greek and original Arab works of scholarship and science helped advance European Scholasticism, and thus European science and culture. <SEP> Most Kurds (8.5%) and most Turkoman (3%) are Sunni and account for the difference between Sunnis and Sunni Arabs, while 13% of Syrians are Shia Muslims (particularly Alawite, Twelvers, and Ismailis but there are also Arabs, Kurds and Turkoman), 10% Christian (the majority are Antiochian Greek Orthodox, the rest are Syrian Orthodox, Greek Catholic and other Catholic Rites, Assyrian Church of the East, Armenian Orthodox, Protestants and other denominations), and 3% Druze. Sunni Muslims make up between 69–74% of Syria's population and Sunni Arabs account for 59–60% of the population. Druze number around 500,000, and concentrate mainly in the southern area of Jabal al-Druze.President Bashar al-Assad's family is Alawite and Alawites dominate the government of Syria and hold key military positions. In May 2013, SOHR stated that out of 94,000 killed during the Syrian Civil War, at least 41,000 were Alawites.Christians (2.5 million), a sizable number of whom are found among Syria's population of Palestinian refugees, are divided into several sects: Chalcedonian Antiochian Orthodox make up 45.7% of the Christian population; the Catholics (Melkite, Armenian Catholic, Syriac Catholic, Maronite, Chaldean Catholic and Latin) make up 16.2%; the Armenian Apostolic Church 10.9%, the Syriac Orthodox make up 22.4%; Assyrian Church of the East and several smaller Christian denominations account for the remainder. Many Christian monasteries also exist. Many Christian Syrians belong to a high socio-economic class.