winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What province is King Saud Medical City in Saudi Arabia in?

Afif Abdul Wahab (1915–2003) was a Lebanese doctor, general surgeon and urologist, businessman and philanthropist, born and raised in El Mina.  After receiving his Medical Doctorate from the American University of Beirut in 1941, he opened up a hospital in his hometown of El-Mina in 1946 in partnership with Dr. Joseph Yamine and Dr. Richard Jebara, for a short period before moving to Saudi Arabia in 1949.  Again with Drs Yamine and Jebara, Abdul Wahab opened up the first Arab-owned hospital in Jeddah, The Lebanese Hospital in Jeddah, and was one of the first medical doctors to live and work in Saudi Arabia.  In 1953 Abdul Wahab received the Saudi Citizenship from King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz, In 1962 all three partners opened another hospital in the eastern province of Saudi Arabia,Ash-Sharq Hospital which was a medical contractor for ARAMCO. <SEP> Ibrahim bin Abdulrahman Alhoqail (Arabic إبراهيم بن عبدالرحمن الحقيل] born on February 26, 1970) is a Saudi dermatologist, physician, and founding Dean of the Faculty of Medicine at King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh.  FOM-KFMC is now known as King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine at King Fahd Medical City.  Ibrahim is a consultant in dermatology, and an associate professor of dermatology at King Saud University. <SEP>  It is also the capital of Riyadh Province and belongs to the historical regions of Najd and Al-Yamama.  It is situated in the center of the Arabian Peninsula on a large plateau and home to more than six million people. Riyadh (/rɨˈjɑːd/; Arabic: الرياض‎ ‎ "ar-Riyāḍ" ] ) is the capital and most populous city of Saudi Arabia. <SEP>  It is a tertiary care center for medicine and surgery especially spinal and neurosurgery.  It is international recognized center for training in medicine and surgery.  It has 1500 beds of which 180 beds are in the intensive-care unit beds.  By virtue of the bed capacity and patient load, KSMC is by far the largest hospital of Saudi Arabia. King Saud Medical City is a hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.  KSMC's ER department is one of the busiest in the country.
Question: What private railway company is based in an Italian city that had a population of 326,799 as of 2015?

The Gotthard railway (German: "Gotthardbahn" ; Italian: "Ferrovia del Gottardo" ) is the Swiss trans-alpine railway line from northern Switzerland to the canton of Ticino.  The line forms a major part of an important international railway link between northern and southern Europe, especially on the Rotterdam-Basel-Genoa corridor.  The Gotthard Railway Company (German: "Gotthardbahn-Gesellschaft" ) was the former private railway company which financed the construction of, and originally operated, that line. <SEP> Regionstog A/S was a Danish railway company responsible for train operation on three private railway lines in Region Zealand: the Tølløse Line, the East Line and the Lolland Line.  It was established in 2009 when Vestsjællands Lokalbaner A/S, Østbanen and Lollandsbanen A/S where merged.  It merged with Lokalbanen A/S in 2015 to form the railway company Lokaltog A/S.  Regionstog had administrative offices in Maribo and Holbæk. <SEP>  Based in Bari, in the Apulia region, it manages the "Ferrovie del Nord Barese" network, composed by the Bari–Barletta railway and the Bari metropolitan railway service. Ferrotramviaria is a private railway company of Italy. <SEP> Bari (]    ) (Bari dialect: Bare; ; Ancient Greek: "Βάριον" , "Bárion") is the capital city of the Metropolitan City of Bari and of the Apulia region, on the Adriatic Sea, in Italy.  It is the second most important economic centre of mainland Southern Italy after Naples, a port and university city, as well as the city of Saint Nicholas.  The city itself has a population of about 326,799, as of 2015 , over 116 km2 , while the urban area has 700,000 inhabitants.  The metropolitan area has 1.3 million inhabitants.
Question: What is the commonly known name of a German football player who provided the inspiration for a nickname of Flávio Sérgio Viana?

Flavio Sergio Viana known as Schumacher (born in São Paulo, August 31, 1975) is a Brazilian futsal player.  He was elected as the 2008 World's Best Futsal Player.  His nickname is a reference to German football goalkeeper Harald Schumacher. <SEP> Werner Krämer (23 January 1940 – 12 February 2010) was a German football player, who is a household name to the West German football audience under his nickname "Eia Krämer".  He was born in Duisburg, Germany. <SEP> Harald Anton Schumacher (born 6 March 1954 in Düren, West Germany), commonly known as Toni Schumacher, is a German former football goalkeeper, and a member of the Germany national football team.  He won the 1980 European Championship and lost two World Cup finals, in 1982 and 1986.  In the 1982 FIFA World Cup semifinal against France, he collided with and seriously injured French defender Patrick Battiston.  Since April 2012, he serves as vice president at 1.  FC Köln. <SEP> Flávio Igor Rodrigues Silva Pereira Ferreira, known as Flávio Igor (born 10 February 1984) is a Portuguese football player who plays for Sousense.
Question:   "There She Goes Again" is a song by The Velvet Underground which first appeared on their 1967 debut album, "The Velvet Underground & Nico", recorded in what year while the group were featured on Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable multimedia event tour?

The Velvet Underground & Nico is the debut album by American rock band the Velvet Underground, released in March 1967 by Verve Records.  Accompanied by vocalist Nico, the album was recorded in 1966 while the group were featured on Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable multimedia event tour, which gained attention for its experimental performance sensibilities and controversial lyrical topics, including drug abuse, prostitution, sadomasochism and sexual deviancy. <SEP> "There She Goes Again" is a song by The Velvet Underground.  It first appeared on their 1967 debut album, "The Velvet Underground & Nico".  The syncopated guitar riff is taken from the 1962 Marvin Gaye song "Hitch Hike".  Guitarist Sterling Morrison has stated: <SEP> The Exploding Plastic Inevitable, sometimes simply called Plastic Inevitable or EPI, was a series of multimedia events organized by Andy Warhol between 1966 and 1967, featuring musical performances by The Velvet Underground and Nico, screenings of Warhol's films, and dancing and performances by regulars of Warhol's Factory, especially Mary Woronov and Gerard Malanga.  "Andy Warhol's Exploding Plastic Inevitable" is also the title of an 18-minute film by Ronald Nameth with recordings from one week of performances of the shows which were filmed in Chicago, Illinois, in 1966.  In December 1966 Warhol included a one-off magazine called "The Plastic Exploding Inevitable" as part of the "Aspen" No. 3 package. <SEP> "Heroin" is a song by the Velvet Underground, released on their 1967 debut album, "The Velvet Underground & Nico".  Written by Lou Reed in 1964, the song, which overtly depicts heroin use and abuse, is one of the band's most celebrated compositions.  Critic Mark Deming writes, "While 'Heroin' hardly endorses drug use, it doesn't clearly condemn it, either, which made it all the more troubling in the eyes of many listeners".
Question: Which American real-estate holding company that rents out U.S. shopping malls is controlled by the family who have purchased an interest in Manchester United?

Foreign personal holding company income (FPHCI) is defined for U.S. controlled foreign corporation rules and, with modifications, for U.S. foreign tax credit rules.  It consists of interest, dividends, rents, royalties, gains on property producing FPHCI, and certain other items.  Exceptions are provided for active rents and royalties, certain related party rents and royalties, same country income, and certain other items.  For purposes of the foreign tax credit, an additional exception requires look-through of certain income received from a controlled foreign corporation. <SEP>  The family is based in Florida. Bryan Glazer (born October 27, 1964) is part of the Glazer family, who control First Allied Corporation, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the NFL, and who have purchased a controlling interest in the English football club Manchester United. <SEP> Deadmalls.com is an independent not-for-profit website best known for featuring shopping malls in the United States that have failed or are in the process of failing.  The site features nearly 450 listings of dead or dying shopping malls, many with pictures and historical narratives.  Created in 2000 by friends Peter Blackbird and Brian Florence as a hobby, the website has grown, garnering interest from major media outlets due to its unusual content and its comprehensive (sometimes humorous, sometimes wistful) coverage.  The creators describe the website as an attempt to retain pieces of history that might otherwise be lost with the destruction of these malls.  The site benefits from hundreds of online contributors who supply the website with accounts and photos that might be otherwise difficult to obtain. <SEP>  It was founded in 1984 and is owned by the Glazer family, with Malcolm Glazer as President and CEO.  His sons, Bryan Glazer, Joel Glazer and Edward Glazer, also own part of the company with Edward being Co-Chairman.  The company is based out of Rochester, New York. First Allied Corporation is an American real-estate holding company that owns and rents out shopping malls across the United States.
Question: Who besides Led Zeppelin has performed at Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music?

 Bands such as Pink Floyd and Led Zeppelin performed, and the festival was widely bootlegged. The Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music was a counterculture era music festival held at the Royal Bath and West Showground in Shepton Mallet, Somerset, England on 27–29 June 1970.  An 'alternative festival' was staged in an adjoining field where the Pink Fairies, Yes, Genesis, and Hawkwind played on the back of a flatbed truck. <SEP> Freddy Bannister (sometimes written as Freddie Bannister) was a leading UK concert promoter during the 1960s and 1970s, and was the founder of the Bath Festival of Blues 1969, the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music 1970 and the Knebworth festivals. <SEP> Led Zeppelin II is the eponymous second studio album by the English rock band Led Zeppelin, released on 22 October 1969 in the United States and on 31 October 1969 in the United Kingdom by Atlantic Records.  Recording sessions for the album took place at several locations in both the United Kingdom and North America from January to August 1969.  The album's production was credited to the band's lead guitarist and songwriter Jimmy Page, and it also served as Led Zeppelin's first album to utilise the recording techniques of the engineer Eddie Kramer.  Incorporating several elements of blues and folk music, "Led Zeppelin II" exhibited the band's evolving musical style of blues-derived material and their guitar riff-based sound.  It has been described as the band's heaviest album. <SEP>  The group consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page, singer Robert Plant, bassist and keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. Led Zeppelin were an English rock band formed in London in 1968.  The band's heavy, guitar-driven sound has led them to be cited as one of the progenitors of heavy metal, though their unique style drew from a wide variety of influences, including blues, psychedelia, and folk music.
Question: When was the building that has an American trumpeter whose nickname is Satchmo, Satch or Pops as a featured performer built?

Louis Armstrong (1901–1971), nicknamed Satchmo or Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, singer and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz.  His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in jazz. <SEP> Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901– July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch or Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, singer and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz.  His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in the history of jazz. <SEP>  Built in 1923, it is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The Jewell Building is a city landmark in North Omaha, Nebraska.  Located at 2221 North 24th Street, the building was home to the Dreamland Ballroom for more than 40 years, and featured performances by many jazz and blues legends, including Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Louis Armstrong, Dizzy Gillespie, and Lionel Hampton. <SEP> Phil Napoleon (2 September 1901 – 1 October 1990), born Filippo Napoli, was an early jazz trumpeter and bandleader born in Boston, Massachusetts.  Ron Wynn notes that Napoleon "was a competent, though unimaginative trumpeter whose greatest value was the many recording sessions he led that helped increase jazz's popularity in the mid-'20s."  Richard Cook and Brian Morton, writing for "The Penguin Guide to Jazz", refer to Napoleon as "a genuine pioneer" whose playing was "profoundly influential on men such as Red Nichols and Bix Beiderbecke."
Question: Abdelhamid Abou Zeid in 2012 took control of an ancient city in Mali, situated 20 km north of what river?

Woomargama National Park is a national park situated 20 km south east of Holbrook and 30 km north east of Albury, in the South West Slopes region of southern New South Wales.  Southern extremities of the park are within one kilometre of Lake Hume which is formed on the Murray River.  The park extends over approximately 30 km from eastern to western boundaries and 15 km in a north to south direction.  In 2006, the park covered an area of 23,577 hectares and at the same time an area of associated reserve covered 7,120 hectares.  In 2010 the park alone covered 24,185 ha. <SEP> Punjab is the second largest province in Pakistan.  It is known for its ancient cultural heritage as well as its religious diversity.  The lands of Punjab have been home to a number of religions and civilisations.  The Indus Valley Civilization once ruled the region and a significant archaeological find was discovered at the ancient city of Harrapa.  The Gandhara civilisation was also quite dominant in the northern region of Punjab at the site of Taxila.  Several other civilisations such as Greeks, Central Asians, and Persians ruled Punjab leaving a number of sites which still exist today.  The arrival of Islam came about during the rule of the Umayyad Caliphate followed by the Ghaznavids.  The Mughals took control of the region and ruled its land for several centuries.  The mughal heritage remained quite strong in Punjab with a large number of forts, tombs and monuments still intact today.  The Durrani Empire ruled the Punjab at the fall of the Mughal Empire for a short period following the rise of the Sikh Empire.  The strong control of the Sikhs also lead to a number of sites still remaining intact throughout Punjab.  The British Raj took control of the region until the independence. <SEP> Abdelhamid Abou Zeid (born Mohamed Ghadir; 1965 – 25 February 2013) was an Algerian national and Islamist "jihadi" militant and smuggler who, in about 2010, became one of the top three military commanders of al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), a Mali-based militant organization.  He competed as the chief rival of Mokhtar Belmokhtar, an Algerian national who had become the major commander in AQIM and later head of his own group.  Both gained wealth and power by kidnapping and ransoming European nationals.  After taking control of Timbuktu in 2012, Abou Zeid established "sharia" law and destroyed Sufi shrines. <SEP>  The town is the capital of the Timbuktu Region, one of the eight administrative regions of Mali. Timbuktu (pron.: ), also spelled as Tinbuktu, Timbuctoo and Timbuktoo (Berber: ;French: "Tombouctou" ; Koyra Chiini: "Tumbutu"), is an ancient city in Mali, situated 20 km north of the Niger River.  It had a population of 54,453 in the 2009 census.
Question: Janis Paige, the actress who starred alongside Wayne Morris in the 1949 film "The House Across the Street", was born in what year?

Janis Paige (born September 16, 1922) is an American film, musical theatre and television actress. <SEP> The Younger Brothers (1949) is a Western film directed by Edwin L. Marin, and starring Wayne Morris and Janis Paige. <SEP>  The film stars Wayne Morris, Janis Paige, Bruce Bennett, Alan Hale, Sr., James Mitchell and Barbara Bates. The House Across the Street is a 1949 American comedy film directed by Richard L. Bare and written by Russell S. Hughes.  The film was released by Warner Bros. on September 10, 1949. <SEP> Love is on the Air is a 1937 American film directed by Nick Grinde.  The film stars Ronald Reagan and June Travis, supported by Eddie Acuff, Robert Barrat, Raymond Hatton, and Willard Parker.  It was Reagan's screen debut.  The movie was the first of three remakes of the 1933 Paul Muni picture "Hi, Nellie".  (The later ones were "You Can't Escape Forever" (1942), with George Brent, and "House Across the Street" (1949), with Wayne Morris.)
Question: Which species of flowering plant is named after a Greek philosopher, Mutisia or Aristotelia?

Mutisia is a genus of flowering plant in the mutisia tribe within the sunflower family.  It comprises about sixty species which can be found along the entire length of the Andes and in southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and northern Argentina.  "Mutisia" has been named after José Celestino Mutis. <SEP> Mutisia discoidea is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. <SEP> Aristotelia is a genus with 18 species, of tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae.  It is named in honor of the Greek philosopher Aristoteles. <SEP> Mutisia lehmannii is a species of flowering plant in the Asteraceae family.
Question: What is the meaning of the name of the BAFTA-winning Charlotte Sieling film?

 "Borgen", literally ""The Castle"", is the informal name of Christiansborg Palace where all three branches of Danish government reside: the Parliament, the Prime Minister's Office, and the Supreme Court, and is often used as a figure of speech for the Danish government. Borgen (] ) is a Danish political drama television series created by Adam Price.  It tells how Birgitte Nyborg, a minor centrist politician, becomes the first female Prime Minister of Denmark against all the odds. <SEP> Life on Mars is an American science fiction crime drama television series which originally aired on ABC from October 9, 2008 to April 1, 2009.  It is an adaptation of the BAFTA-winning original UK series of the same name produced by the BBC.  The series was co-produced by Kudos Film and Television, 20th Century Fox Television, and ABC Studios. <SEP> Charlotte is a female given name, a female form of the male name Charlot, a diminutive of Charles.  It is of French origin meaning "free man" or "petite".  The name dates back to at least the 14th century.  King Charles II of England had two illegitimate daughters with the name, the second wife of King Louis XI of France was Charlotte of Savoy, and Charlotte de Bourbon-La Marche (1388-1422) was Queen of Cyprus.  Other names for Charlotte are Charlie, Lottie and Carlota and Carlotta. <SEP> Charlotte Sieling (born 13 July 1960) is a Danish actress and film director.  She began her career as an actress in the mid-1980s.  In the 2000s, she turned to film directing, working on a number of successful DR TV series such as the Emmy-winning "Unit One", "The Killing", "The Bridge" and the BAFTA-winning "Borgen".  She had her feature film debut with "Above the Street, Below the Water" in 2009.  Her success as a director of TV series has more recently brought her to the US where her work includes directing two episodes of "Homeland".
Question: Which American animated sitcom premiered in 2015 and was created by animator Daniel Chong?

"We Bare Bears" is an American animated television series on Cartoon Network.  Created by Daniel Chong and directed by Manny Hernandez, it follows the adventures of three adopted anthropomorphic bears, Grizzly, Panda and Ice Bear (voiced respectively by Eric Edelstein, Bobby Moynihan, and Demetri Martin), as they navigate life among humans in San Francisco.  The first six episodes of the series were aired during the final week in July 2015, starting on July 27.  The network approved a second season in August of the same year.  The first season ended on February 11, 2016, and the second season premiered on February 25, 2016.  The series was renewed for a third season on October 25, 2016 which premiered on April 3, 2017 and the second season ended a week later on April 11, 2017.  The third and second season episodes also alternated between each other for the first two weeks of April. <SEP> The Adventures of Noko Mashaba is a South Africa animated sociopolitical satire created by a self-taught animator and university dropout Jonas Lekganyane for Soweto TV, Ekurhuleni TV & YouTube.  Intended for any audience, the show is inspired by the American adult animated sitcom South Park and centers around a fictional character – Noko Mashaba – an ordinary guy hailing from the calm streets of Limpopo, who occasionally ventures on extraordinary adventures to unravel mysteries and relive urban legends.  On the show Mashaba always finds himself in informative, controversial and attention-grabbing situations. <SEP>  He is best known for the Cartoon Network’s "We Bare Bears". Daniel Chong (born November 18, 1978) is an American animator. <SEP>  The show made its premiere on July 27, 2015 and follows three bear siblings, Grizzly, Panda and Ice Bear (respectively voiced by Eric Edelstein, Bobby Moynihan, and Demetri Martin), and their awkward attempts at integrating with the human world in the San Francisco Bay Area.  Based on Chong's webcomic "The Three Bare Bears", the pilot episode made its world premiere at the KLIK! We Bare Bears is an American animated sitcom created by Daniel Chong for Cartoon Network.  Amsterdam Animation Festival, where it won in the "Young Amsterdam Audience" category.  The series premiered on July 27, 2015.  Nintendo has also partnered with Cartoon Network to make ads of the show's characters playing the Nintendo Switch.
Question: When was the team that won the 1981-82 Turkish First Football League championship founded?

Sunderland Association Football Club was founded in 1879 as Sunderland & District Teachers Association Football Club by James Allan.  They turned professional in 1885.  Sunderland won their first Football League championship in the 1891–92 season two years after joining the league.  They won the next Football League First Division on three occasions in four seasons; in 1892, 1893 and 1895, separated by a runner-up spot in 1894.  In the 1901–02 season, Sunderland won their fifth Football League First Division championship.  They came close to completing the "league and cup double" in the 1912–13 season, winning the league but losing to Aston Villa in the 1913 FA Cup Final.  The team's next success came in the 1935–36 season when they won the League Championship and also the Charity Shield.  They had not won the FA Cup until the 1936–37 season when they defeated Preston North End in the 1937 FA Cup Final.  Sunderland entered The Football League in 1890 and were not relegated from the top division until the 1957–58 season; a total of 58 seasons in the highest division of England.  Their next trophy came in the 1973 FA Cup Final as they beat Leeds United 1–0.  They reached the 1985 Football League Cup Final but finished as runners-up to Norwich City after being beaten 1–0.  In the 1986–87 season Sunderland were relegated to the Football League Third Division for the first time in their history under the management of Lawrie McMenemy, they however, returned to the second division the following season as champions–their lowest position in the English football league system.  Their first appearance in the Premier League came in the 1999–2000 season after being promoted as champions from Division One.  In winning promotion the club gained 105 points, which was a record at the time.  Sunderland gained just 15 points in the 2005-06 season, which set the record for the lowest number of points in a Premier League season, which has since been eclipsed by Derby County. <SEP>  Beşiktaş J.K. won the championship. The 1981-82 Turkish First Football League season saw 17 teams in competition. <SEP> The Turkish Federation Cup (Turkish: Federasyon Kupası) was the first professional national league in Turkey and the predecessor to the Turkish First Football League.  It was organized by the Turkish Football Federation and was held in order to pick a team that would play in the European Cup.  Beşiktaş J.K. won it in the 2 years it was held before it changed to the Turkish First Football League. <SEP> Beşiktaş Jimnastik Kulübü (] , English: Beşiktaş Gymnastics Club ), known as simply Beşiktaş (pronounced: "Beshiktash"), is a Turkish sports club founded in 1903, and based in the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul.
Question: Which party princesses fictional character is voiced by Eva Bella?

Party Princess is a term associated with a person who entertains children at birthday parties, often dressed as different Disney characters.  The most common party princesses costumes are Elsa, Cinderella, Sleeping Beauty and The Little Mermaid.  Party princesses generally perform at private birthday parties for young girls - they sing, dance and play with the girls, all-while maintaining a party theme based on the character they're dressed up as.  Party princesses are most common in upper-middle-class and upper class areas and are a common sight in Beverly Hills and North Hollywood. <SEP> Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios' 53rd animated film "Frozen".  She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel.  At the beginning of the film, she is voiced by Eva Bella as a young child and by Spencer Lacey Ganus as a teenager. <SEP> David "Dave" Seville is a fictional character, the producer and manager of the fictional singing group "Alvin and the Chipmunks".  The character was created by Ross Bagdasarian Sr. Bagdasarian had used the name "David Seville" as his stage name prior to the creation of the Chipmunks, while writing and recording novelty records in the 1950s.  One of the records, recorded under the David Seville stage name, was "Witch Doctor", featuring a sped-up high-pitched vocal technique that Bagdasarian would later use in "The Chipmunk Song (Christmas Don't Be Late)", which would introduce both Alvin and the Chipmunks as a singing group and Bagdasarian's music producer "Dave".  Bagdasarian would go on to create "The Alvin Show", based on the Alvin and the Chipmunks group, where he voiced the fictional character David Seville. <SEP> Crowned is an American comedy web series created by Josh Bednarsky and his wife Brianne Sanborn, who also wrote, directed and star in the episodes.  The show follows Macie Edwards, an unemployed actress who, in a desperate effort to keep her apartment and pay her cat's medical bills takes a job as a Party Princess in North Hollywood, CA.  The series depicts the everyday routine of party princesses in the fictional Crowned Entertainment Company.  Most of the show follows a standard narrative style but often cuts to interviews with the employees of the fictional corporation to simulate the look of a documentary.
Question: "Nature abhors a vacuum" or Horror vacui was challenged by this mathematician and engineer from Alexandria whose work represents what type of scientific tradition?

Hero of Alexandria ( ; Greek: Ἥρων ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς , "Heron ho Alexandreus"; also known as Heron of Alexandria ; c. 10 AD – c. 70 AD) was a mathematician and engineer who was active in his native city of Alexandria, Roman Egypt.  He is considered the greatest experimenter of antiquity and his work is representative of the Hellenistic scientific tradition. <SEP> Nature Bears a Vacuum is a 7" EP released by indie rock band The Shins.  The EP was released on the Omnibus Records label in 1998.  According to one reviewer, the EP is meant to be played at a different speed (33 rpm and 45 rpm) on each side.  The title is a reversal of the phrase "Nature abhors a vacuum". <SEP> Roshdi Rashed (Arabic: رشدي راشد), born in Cairo in 1936, is a mathematician, philosopher and historian of science, whose work focuses largely on mathematics and physics of medieval Arab world.  His work explores and illuminates the unrecognized Arab scientific tradition, being one of the first historians to study in detail the ancient and medieval texts, their journey through the Eastern schools and courses, their immense contributions to Western science, particularly in regarding the development of algebra and the first formalization of physics. <SEP>  It is a postulate attributed to Aristotle, who articulated a belief, later criticized by the atomism of Epicurus and Lucretius, that nature contains no vacuums because the denser surrounding material continuum would immediately fill the rarity of an incipient void.  He also argued against the void in a more abstract sense (as "separable"), for example, that by definition a void, itself, is nothing, and following Plato, nothing cannot rightly be said to exist.  Furthermore, in so far as it would be featureless, it could neither be encountered by the senses, nor could its supposition lend additional explanatory power. In physics, horror vacui, or plenism, is commonly stated as "Nature abhors a vacuum."  Hero of Alexandria challenged the theory in the first century CE, but his attempts to create an artificial vacuum failed.  The theory was debated in the context of 17th-century fluid mechanics, by Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle, among others, and through the early 18th century by Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz.
Question: Ringer is the name of an American television series that initially aired on The CW from September 13, 2011 to April 17, 2012 featuring Justin Bruening as what character?

 In 2003, his acting career began when he was cast in the role of Jamie Martin on the daytime drama "All My Children", earning him a Soap Opera Digest Award in 2005 for the portrayal.  In late 2007, not long after leaving the role, Bruening was cast as Mike Traceur, the son of character Michael Knight, a new take on the original "Knight Rider" series. Justin Bruening (born September 24, 1979) is an American actor and former fashion model.  In 2011, he was cast as Tyler Berrett, a recurring role on The CW series "Ringer" starring Sarah Michelle Gellar and in 2013, he joined "Ravenswood." <SEP> The fourth season of the American television series "90210" was announced by The CW on April 26, 2011 .  It was later announced it would return to its original Tuesday 8:00 pm time slot, as a lead-in to new series, "Ringer", and premiered on September 13, 2011. <SEP>  The series stars Sarah Michelle Gellar, who plays twin sisters Bridget Kelly and Siobhan Martin. Ringer is an American television series that initially aired on The CW from September 13, 2011 to April 17, 2012.  On May 13, 2011, it was reported that the project had been picked up to series by The CW.  On October 12, 2011, The CW ordered a full first season of 22 episodes. <SEP> "Pilot" is the pilot episode of the American television drama "Ringer", which originally aired on The CW Television Network on September 13, 2011.  The episode was written by Eric Charmelo and Nicole Snyder and directed by Richard Shepard.  The episode achieved 2.84 million viewers on its initial broadcast; reaching a three-year high for The CW in the Tuesday 9:00pm time slot.
Question: Which 2002 American psychological thriller drama film was written by the writer of the screenplay for the Steven Soderbergh's film "Traffic"?

 Despite being set at an American university, much of the movie was filmed in Canada at McGill University's McConnell Hall.  It is based on the book "Adams Fall" by Sean Desmond.  The book was re-titled "Abandon" for the movie tie-in paperback printing. Abandon is a 2002 American psychological thriller drama film written and directed by Stephen Gaghan, starring Katie Holmes as a college student whose boyfriend (Charlie Hunnam) disappeared two years previously.  The film co-stars Zooey Deschanel and Gabrielle Union, with Benjamin Bratt playing the detective investigating the boyfriend's disappearance.  It received generally negative reviews. <SEP> Solaris is a 2002 American science fiction drama film written and directed by Steven Soderbergh, produced by James Cameron and Jon Landau, and starring George Clooney and Natascha McElhone.  It is based on the 1961 science fiction novel of the same name by writer Stanisław Lem. <SEP> Stephen Gaghan (born May 6, 1965) is an American screenwriter and director.  He is noted for writing the screenplay for Steven Soderbergh's film "Traffic", based on a Channel 4 series, for which he won the Academy Award, as well as "Syriana" which he wrote and directed. <SEP> Matt Damon is an American actor, producer and screenwriter.  He made his screen debut at the age of 18 with a minor role in the 1988 film "Mystic Pizza".  After appearing in a series of supporting parts in much of the 1990s, Francis Ford Coppola cast Damon as the lead of the 1997 legal drama "The Rainmaker".  His breakthrough came later that year when he played the title role of an unrecognized genius in "Good Will Hunting", a drama which he also co-wrote with Ben Affleck.  Damon and Affleck won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and Damon was nominated for Best Actor.  He followed it by playing the title roles of a soldier in Steven Spielberg's war drama "Saving Private Ryan" (1998) and of the criminal Tom Ripley in the thriller "The Talented Mr. Ripley" (1999), both of which gained critical and commercial success.  Damon's profile continued to expand in the 2000s, as he took on starring roles in two lucrative film franchises.  He featured as a con man in Steven Soderbergh's "Ocean's Trilogy" (2001–07) and played the titular spy Jason Bourne in four of the five films in the "Bourne" series (2002–16).
Question: How many Australian campuses are in the university in which Central Hall is part of?

Australian Catholic University (ACU) is a publicly funded university with seven campuses around Australia.  It is one of the few Australian universities with a presence in Europe, having opened the Rome Centre in Italy in 2015. <SEP> Australian heavy metal music has its roots in both the Australian hard rock and pub rock tradition of the 1970s and the American and British heavy metal scenes.  Since the mid-1980s, Australian heavy metal has been particularly influenced by foreign bands, particularly Swedish death metal, American thrash metal and black metal from Norway.  Within Australia heavy metal has always remained part of the underground but since the mid-1990s many Australian metal acts have found widespread acceptance in overseas markets, particularly in Europe. <SEP> The National Union of Students (NUS) is the peak representative body for Australian university students.  As of 2016, 17 student unions in Australian campuses affiliated to NUS.  A university is eligible by its classification as a legitimate training provider and the payment of Union fees by the university according to the number of full-time study units of its students. <SEP>  This structure today serves as a centrepiece of Australian Catholic University's St. Patrick's Campus. Central Hall (also known by its former name, Cathedral Hall) is a building that stands at the end of Brunswick Street in Fitzroy, Melbourne, Australia.  It once held a similar role within Melbourne’s Roman Catholic (and predominantly Irish) community, from the time the hall and adjoining clubrooms were opened in 1904.
Question: What team featured the player nicknamed Jose by the Japanese Marlins player?

Alibi Ike is a 1935 American romantic comedy film directed by Ray Enright and starring Joe E. Brown and Olivia de Havilland.  Based on the short story "Alibi Ike" by Ring Lardner, the film is about an ace baseball player nicknamed "Alibi Ike" due to his penchant for making up excuses.  After falling in love with the beautiful sister-in-law of the team manager, he is kidnapped by gangsters who want him to throw the last game of the season and the pennant. <SEP> Ivair Ferreira (born 21 January 1945 in Bauru) is a retired Brazilian association football player nicknamed Ivair who played in Brazil for Portuguesa, Corinthians, Fluminense, América (RJ) and Paysandu (PA).  Ferriera then played in the NASL between 1975 and 1979 for the Toronto Metros-Croatia and Toronto Blizzard, scoring the final goal in their 3–0 victory over Minnesota in the 1976 Soccer Bowl .  He later played in the United States for the Cleveland Cobras, Kansas City Stars, Boston Athletic and Los Angeles Aztecs, before returning to Brazil with América.  He earned one cap with the Brazilian national team in 1966. <SEP>  Some regard him to be the best hitter of the modern era.  With 26 seasons combined in top-level professional leagues, he has spent the bulk of his career with two teams: nine seasons with the Orix Blue Wave of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) in Japan, where he began his career, and 12 with the Seattle Mariners of MLB in the United States.  After playing for the Mariners, he played two and a half seasons in MLB with the New York Yankees before signing with his current club, the Marlins.  Ichiro has established a number of batting records, including MLB's single-season record for hits with 262.  He achieved 10 consecutive 200-hit seasons, the longest streak by any player in history.  Between his major league career in both Japan and the United States, Ichiro has the most hits by any player in top-tier professional leagues. Ichiro Suzuki (鈴木 一朗 , Suzuki Ichirō , born October 22, 1973) , often referred to mononymously as Ichiro (イチロー , Ichirō ) , is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder for the Miami Marlins of Major League Baseball (MLB).  He also has recorded the most hits of any foreign-born player in MLB. <SEP>  He played two seasons for the club, hitting .262 in his rookie year in 2008 and .303 in 2009, his final professional season.  Before joining the Buffaloes, he played at Jinsei Gakuen High School and Kinki University, where he was drafted in 2007. Hiroyuki Oze (小瀬 浩之 , Oze Hiroyuki , September 2, 1985 – February 5, 2010) was a Japanese baseball outfielder from Daitō, Osaka who played professionally for the Orix Buffaloes.  Oze received the memorable nickname "José" from Orix alum Ichiro Suzuki during the latter's visit to Buffaloes spring training.
Question: Between Victor Sjöström and Sally Field, who began their career on several television shows between 1965 and 1974?

A Woman of Independent Means is an 1995 American television miniseries starring Sally Field.  Sally Field also producer.  Field was nominated for Emmy Award, Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Awards.  The series was also nominated in the category Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries and Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Casting for a Miniseries, Movie, or a Special and won Emmy for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Costume Design for a Miniseries or a Special in 1995. <SEP> Sally Margaret Field (born November 6, 1946) is an American actress and director.  Field began her career on television, starring on the sitcoms "Gidget" (1965–66), "The Flying Nun" (1967–70), and "The Girl with Something Extra" (1973–74).  She ventured into film with "Smokey and the Bandit" (1977) and later "Norma Rae" (1979), for which she received the Academy Award for Best Actress.  She later received Golden Globe Award nominations for her performances in "Absence of Malice" (1981) and "Kiss Me Goodbye" (1982), before receiving her second Academy Award for Best Actress for "Places in the Heart" (1984).  Field received further nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress for "Murphy's Romance" (1985) and "Steel Magnolias" (1989). <SEP> Victor David Sjöström (] ; in the United States sometimes known as Victor Seastrom; 20 September 1879 – 3 January 1960) was a pioneering Swedish film director, screenwriter and actor.  He began his career in Sweden, before moving to Hollywood in 1924.  Sjöström worked primarily in the silent era; his best known films include "The Phantom Carriage" (1921), "He Who Gets Slapped" (1924) and "The Wind" (1928).  Sjöström was Sweden's most prominent director in the "Golden Age of Silent Film" in Europe.  Later in life, he played the leading role in Ingmar Bergman's "Wild Strawberries" (1957). <SEP> Helene Millard (September 30, 1905 – September 20, 1974) was an American supporting actress of the 1930s and 1940s.  She started her film career in a featured role in 1929's "The Thirteenth Chair".  During the 1930s, she appeared in 18 films, mostly in supporting or featured roles, but her roles diminished near the end of the decade.  She made six films at the beginning of the 1940s, all in supporting roles, after which she left the film industry in 1942.  She returned to films briefly in 1952-53, when she made four more films, before leaving the film industry for good.  Her final film appearance was in a small role in "Remains to Be Seen" (1953), starring June Allyson and Van Johnson.  During the early 1950s, she appeared in several television shows, as well, before retiring for good in 1954 after an appearance on "Topper".  She died on September 20, 1974, in Laguna Hills, California.
Question: What was the Pune locality where the palace that was the center of Indian politics in the 18th century called under Muslim rule?

Kasba Peth or Kasba is the oldest residential part, "Peth " (locality), in Pune, India.  It is adjacent to the historic Shaniwar Wada palace-fort.  Kasba Peth was the first Peth to be established sometime during the 5th century, and is the oldest area in Pune.  It is called the "Heart of Pune City".  In the history of Pune, the city was once known as "Kasbe Pune". <SEP> Shaniwarwada (Śanivāravāḍā ) is a historical fortification in the city of Pune in Maharashtra, India.  Built in 1732, it was the seat of the Peshwas of the Maratha Empire until 1818, when the Peshwas lost control to the British East India Company after the Third Anglo-Maratha War.  Following the rise of the Maratha Empire, the palace became the center of Indian politics in the 18th century. <SEP> Pune (] ; spelled "Poona" during British rule) is the second largest city in the Indian state of Maharashtra and the seventh most populous city in the country.  Situated 560 m above sea level on the Deccan plateau on the right bank of the Mutha river, Pune is the administrative headquarters of Pune district and was once the centre of power of the Maratha Empire established by Shivaji.  In the 18th century, Pune was the political centre of the Indian subcontinent, as the seat of the Peshwas who were the prime ministers of the Maratha Empire. <SEP>  It was established by Moropant Pingle in 1675.  When under the Muslim rule this place was known as Murujabad/Murtuzabad.  Shaniwar means "Saturday" in Marathi, and many other Indian languages. There are many schools in Shaniwar Peth. Shaniwar Peth is a locality in Pune.  The historic Shaniwar Wada is situated in Shaniwar Peth.
Question: In what county would one find the benefactor of Benjamin Thompson's Warner Farm legacy?

Durham is a town in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States.  The population was 14,638 at the 2010 census.  Durham is home to the University of New Hampshire. <SEP> Benjamin Thompson (April 22, 1806 – January 30, 1890) of Durham, New Hampshire, was a farmer and businessman, and the main benefactor of the University of New Hampshire.  Benjamin left the State of New Hampshire his Warner Farm and all his assets totaling $400,000 for the creation of an agricultural college on his property in Durham. <SEP> The Purple Land is a novel set in 19th century Uruguay by William Henry Hudson, first published in 1885 under the title "The Purple Land that England Lost".  Initially a commercial and critical failure, it was reissued in 1904 with the full title "The Purple Land, Being One Richard Lamb's Adventures in the Banda Orientál, in South America, as told by Himself".  Towards the end of the novel, the narrator explains the title, "I will call my book "The Purple Land."  For what more suitable name can one find for a country so stained with the blood of her children?" <SEP> The Harlan County War, or Bloody Harlan, was a series of coal mining-related skirmishes, executions, bombings, and strikes (both attempted and realized) that took place in Harlan County, Kentucky, during the 1930s.  The incidents involved coal miners and union organizers on one side and coal firms and law enforcement officials on the other.  The question at hand: the rights of Harlan County coal miners to organize their workplaces and better their wages and working conditions.  It was a nearly decade-long conflict, lasting from 1931 to 1939.  Before its conclusion, two acclaimed folk singers would emerge, state and federal troops would occupy the county more than half a dozen times, an indeterminate number of miners, deputies, and bosses would be killed, union membership would oscillate wildly, and workers in the nation's most anti-labor coal county would ultimately be represented by a union.
Question: The Aurora Encounter is a film based on an incident that occurred on what date?

The Aurora Encounter is a 1986 American Weird Western science fiction film directed by the Jim McCullough Sr., written by Melody Brooke and Jim McCullough, Jr., and starring Jack Elam, Mickey Hays, Peter Brown, Carol Bagdasarian and Dottie West.  It was based on the Aurora, Texas, UFO incident. <SEP> The Aurora, Texas, UFO incident reportedly occurred on April 17, 1897 when, according to locals, a UFO crashed on a farm near Aurora, Texas.  The incident (similar to the more famous Roswell UFO incident 50 years later) is claimed to have resulted in a fatality from the crash and the alleged alien body is to have been buried in an unmarked grave at the local cemetery. <SEP> The Exeter incident was a highly publicized UFO sighting that occurred on September 3, 1965, approximately 5 miles (8 km) south of Exeter, New Hampshire, in the neighboring town of Kensington.  Although several separate sightings had been made by numerous witnesses in the weeks leading up to September 3, the specific incident, eventually to become by far the most famous, involved a local teenager and two police officers.  The November/December 2011 edition of "Skeptical Inquirer" offers an explanation of the incident, based on details reported by the eyewitnesses. <SEP> "Amagami SS" is a 2010 anime series based on the PS2 Dating sim "Amagami".  The series follows Junichi Tachibana, a second year high school student from Kibitou High who dislikes celebrating Christmas due to a past incident two years ago when his date stood him up on Christmas Eve which left him heartbroken.  However, this Christmas will be different as his encounter with one of these six girls, Haruka Morishima, Kaoru Tanamachi, Sae Nakata, Ai Nanasaki, Rihoko Sakurai and Tsukasa Ayatsuji will finally open up his heart to love again.  The anime adaptation is rather unusual as it is divided into several story arcs where each arc focuses on one of the main heroines who will become Junichi's love interest.  Two extra episodes which features Risa Kamizaki and Miya Tachibana as the heroines was released on the 13th anime Blu-ray/DVD on April 29, 2011 along with two Short Side-Story OVAs for those who order the first 12 Blu-ray/DVDs.  On August 13, 2011, a second season of "Amagami SS" was announced.  The second season, titled "Amagami SS+ plus", aired on January 5, 2012 to March 29, 2012.