Question: Which year witnessed the formation of the company that owns the publisher of China's Wings?

the earliest known avialan fossils come from the tiaojishan formation of china, which has been dated to the late jurassic period (oxfordian stage), about 160 million years ago. the avialan species from this time period include anchiornis huxleyi, xiaotingia zhengi, and aurornis xui. the well-known early avialan, archaeopteryx, dates from slightly later jurassic rocks (about 155 million years old) from germany. many of these early avialans shared unusual anatomical features that may be ancestral to modern birds, but were later lost during bird evolution. these features include enlarged claws on the second toe which may have been held clear of the ground in life, and long feathers or "hind wings" covering the hind limbs and feet, which may have been used in aerial maneuvering. <SEP> Bantam Books is an American publishing house owned entirely by parent company Random House, a subsidiary of Penguin Random House; it is an imprint of the Random House Publishing Group. It was formed in 1945 by Walter B. Pitkin, Jr., Sidney B. Kramer, and Ian and Betty Ballantine, with funding from Grosset & Dunlap and Curtis Publishing Company. It has since been purchased several times by companies including National General, Carl Lindner's American Financial and, most recently, Bertelsmann; it became part of Random House in 1998, when Bertelsmann purchased it to form Bantam Doubleday Dell. It began as a mass market publisher, mostly of reprints of hardcover books, with some original paperbacks as well. It expanded into both trade paperback and hardcover books, including original works, often reprinted in house as mass-market editions. <SEP> The book discusses the history of the China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC) and is focused on William Langhorne Bond as the central character. Harry Eagar of the "Maui News" stated that "is largely a biography of Bond." The book also describes Moon Fun Chin, a Chinese-American who rose from peasant roots, to become a lead CNAC pilot and finally to owning his own airline. China's Wings: War, Intrigue, Romance and Adventure in the Middle Kingdom during the Golden Age of Flight is a 2012 book by Gregory Crouch, published by Bantam Books. Among other events, the book discusses the establishment of the first airline in China, the Second Sino-Japanese War, "The Hump" airlift, and the 1938 Kweilin incident. The book ends after the 1949 Communist takeover. <SEP> the croatian journal of philosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal of philosophy, publishing articles of diverse currents in english. the journal publishes three issues per year with the support of the republic of croatia's ministry of culture and the ministry of science, education, and sports. all issues are available in electronic format from the central and eastern european online library and the philosophy documentation center. <SEP> Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial is Random House's Spanish-language division, targeting markets in Spain and South and Central America. It is headquartered in Barcelona with locations in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay, and the United States. Upon Bertelsmann's acquisition of Mondadori's stake in the JV, the name was kept temporarily four months. Some authors published by Penguin Random House Grupo Editorial include Dr. César Lozano, Yordi Rosado, Dr. Nancy Alvarez and Alberto Sardiñas. From 2001 until November 2012, it was a joint venture with Italian publisher Mondadori (Random House Mondadori).