Question: Which film has the director who is older, The House Behind The Cedars or First Case, Second Case?

Oscar Devereaux Micheaux( January 2, 1884 – March 25, 1951) was an African- American author, film director and independent producer of more than 44 films. Although the short- lived Lincoln Motion Picture Company was the first movie company owned and controlled by black filmmakers, Micheaux is regarded as the first major African- American feature filmmaker, a prominent producer of race film, and has been described as" the most successful African- American filmmaker of the first half of the 20th century". He produced both silent films and sound films when the industry changed to incorporate speaking actors. <SEP> It was loosely adapted from the 1900 novel of the same name by the African-American writer Charles W. Chesnutt, who explored issues of race, class and identity in the post-Civil War South. No print of the film is known to exist, and it is considered lost. Micheaux remade the film in 1932 under the title "Veiled Aristocrats". The Virginia Censorship Board, an arm of white supremacy, at first banned the film from being shown in the state, saying it would threaten race relations. In 1924, the state had passed the Racial Integrity Act incorporating the one-drop rule into law for the first time. The House Behind the Cedars is a 1927 silent race film directed, written, produced and distributed by the noted director Oscar Micheaux. It classified as black for state record keeping any person with any known African ancestry, regardless of their self-identification or community. Although Micheaux made some cuts to get the film distributed, he wrote to the board: "There has been but one picture that incited the colored people to riot and that still does. [T]hat picture is "Birth of a Nation <SEP> An active film- maker from 1970, Kiarostami had been involved in the production of over forty films, including shorts and documentaries. Kiarostami attained critical acclaim for directing the" Koker" trilogy( 1987– 1994)," Close- Up"( 1990)," The Wind Will Carry Us"( 1999), and" Taste of Cherry"( 1997), which was awarded the Palme d' Or at the Cannes Film Festival that year. In later works," Certified Copy"( 2010) and" Like Someone in Love"( 2012), he filmed for the first time outside Iran: in Italy and Japan, respectively. His films" Where Is the Friend ’s Home? Close- Up", and" The Wind Will Carry Us" were ranked among the 100 best foreign films in a 2018 critics' poll by BBC Culture. " Close- Up" was also ranked one of the 50 greatest movies of all time in the famous decennial" Sight& Sound" poll conducted in 2012. Kiarostami had worked extensively as a screenwriter, film editor, art director and producer and had designed credit titles and publicity material. He was also a poet, photographer, painter, illustrator, and graphic designer. He was part of a generation of filmmakers in the Iranian New Wave, a Persian cinema movement that started in the late 1960s and includes pioneering directors such as Bahram Beyzai, Nasser Taghvai, Ali Hatami, Masoud Kimiai, Dariush Mehrjui, Sohrab Shahid- Saless and Parviz Kimiavi. These filmmakers share many common techniques including the use of poetic dialogue and allegorical storytelling dealing with political and philosophical issues. Kiarostami had a reputation for using child protagonists, for documentary- style narrative films, for stories that take place in rural villages, and for conversations that unfold inside cars, using stationary mounted cameras. He is also known for his use of Persian poetry in the dialogue, titles, and themes of his films. Abbas Kiarostami( 22 June 1940 – 4 July 2016) was an Iranian film director, screenwriter, poet, photographer, and film producer. Kiarostami's films contain a notable degree of ambiguity, an unusual mixture of simplicity and complexity, and often a mix of fictional and documentary elements. The concepts of change and continuity, in addition to the themes of life and death, play a major role in Kiarostami's works. <SEP> Veiled Aristocrats is a 1932 American Pre-Code race film directed, written, produced and distributed by Oscar Micheaux. The film deals with the theme of" passing" by mixed- race African Americans to avoid racial discrimination, and is a remake of" The House Behind the Cedars"( 1927), based on a novel by the same name published in 1900 by Charles W. Chesnutt. <SEP> Elliot Silverstein( born August 3, 1927, in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American director, who is best known for being the director of the movie" Cat Ballou"( 1965). <SEP> The film starts with this scenario; A teacher is drawing a diagram of an ear on the chalkboard with his back to the class; he is interrupted several times by the sound of a pen banging rhythmically against a desk. Each time he turns around, the noise stops, only to resume again. Finally, unable to pick out the culprit, the teacher tells the seven boys sitting in the corner of the room to leave the class. The students are given an ultimatum, which becomes the basis of the film. Kiarostami showed this film to the Shah's educational experts and filmed their opinions in 1979. First Case, Second Case(" Qazieh- e shekl- e avval ... shekl- e dovvom.") is a 1979 Iranian film directed by Abbas Kiarostami. Shooting was nearly complete when, on February 1, Ayatollah Khomeini arrived in Tehran from exile and 10 days later declared an Islamic republic. In 1981 then Kiarostami set about remaking the film, junking the commentaries and changing its structure. He decided he would make the film into a dramatized dilemma. First Case involved pupils refusing to name the guilty party, in Second Case one of the pupils names the culprit and is allowed to return to the classroom. All of the new observers, including the new education minister and members of political parties( Communist, Democratic National Front) were filmed commenting on the two cases. The film was banned after its premier and disappeared from view for decades until June 2009 when it reappeared and became widely distributed on the web.