winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which of the following writers is best known for his biography of Adolf Hitler: John Toland or David James Duncan? 

John Michael Toland (born August 31, 1973) is a former American professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, Tank Toland.  Toland is best known for his appearances on the independent circuit with promotions such as Ring of Honor, as well as his appearances with World Wrestling Entertainment on its "SmackDown! " brand in 2005 to 2006 as James Dick. <SEP> Alan Louis Charles Bullock, Baron Bullock, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (13 December 1914 – 2 February 2004) was a British historian.  He is best known for his book "" (1952) which was the first comprehensive biography of Adolf Hitler and influenced many other major biographies of Hitler. <SEP> David James Duncan (born 1952) is an American novelist and essayist, best known for his two bestselling novels, "The River Why" (1983) and "The Brothers K" (1992). <SEP> John Willard Toland (June 29, 1912 – January 4, 2004) was an American writer and historian.  He is best known for a biography of Adolf Hitler and a Pulitzer Prize-winning history of World War II-era Japan, "The Rising Sun".
Question: Who wrote the film Theron starred in after she starred in The Fate of the Furious?

Brian O'Conner (also known as Brian Earl Spilner) is a fictional character and one of the three main protagonists of "The Fast and the Furious" film series, the other being Dominic Toretto and Sean Boswell.  He is initially portrayed as a police officer, who is later discharged from the LAPD for aiding and abetting Toretto in the first film.  He is portrayed by Paul Walker and appears in all films in the series except "" and "The Fate of the Furious" although he is mentioned in the latter.  After Walker's death in a single vehicle accident on November 30, 2013, Universal Pictures decided to retire the character. <SEP> The Fate of the Furious (alternatively known as Fast & Furious 8 and Fast 8, and often stylized as F8) is a 2017 American action film directed by F. Gary Gray and written by Chris Morgan.  It is the eighth installment in "The Fast and the Furious" franchise.  The film stars Vin Diesel, Dwayne Johnson, Jason Statham, Michelle Rodriguez, Tyrese Gibson, Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, Scott Eastwood, Nathalie Emmanuel, Elsa Pataky, Kurt Russell and Charlize Theron.  "The Fate of the Furious" follows Dominic Toretto (Diesel), who has settled down with his wife Letty (Rodriguez), until cyberterrorist Cipher (Theron) coerces him into working for her and turns him against his team, forcing them to find Dom and take down Cipher. <SEP> Atomic Blonde is a 2017 American action spy thriller film directed by David Leitch, in his first solo directorial credit, and written by Kurt Johnstad.  It is based on Antony Johnston and Sam Hart's 2012 graphic novel "The Coldest City", published by Oni Press, which revolves around a spy who has to find a list of double agents who are being smuggled into the West, on the eve of the collapse of the Berlin Wall in 1989.  The film stars Charlize Theron and James McAvoy, with John Goodman, Til Schweiger, Eddie Marsan, Sofia Boutella, and Toby Jones in supporting roles. <SEP> Charlize Theron ( ; ] ; born 7 August 1975) is a South African and American actress and film producer.  She has starred in several Hollywood films, such as "The Devil's Advocate" (1997), "Mighty Joe Young" (1998), "The Cider House Rules" (1999), "Monster" (2003), "The Italian Job" (2003), "Hancock" (2008), "Snow White and the Huntsman" (2012), "Prometheus" (2012), "A Million Ways to Die in the West " (2014), "" (2015), "The Fate of the Furious" (2017), and "Atomic Blonde" (2017).
Question: What were the dates of the international career for the most successful player of FC Lahti?

The Lahden kisapuisto is a multi-use stadium in Lahti, Finland.  It is used mostly for football and hosts the home matches of FC Lahti.  The stadium holds 4,000 people and is all-seater.  It also hosted some football matches during the 1952 Summer Olympics. <SEP>  It currently plays in the Finnish Premier League ("Veikkausliiga") after placing first in the Finnish First Division ("Ykkönen") during season 2011.  The homeground of FC Lahti is Lahden Stadion. FC Lahti is a Finnish football club based in the city of Lahti.  FC Lahti is famous of being the local team of the most successful Finnish player, Jari Litmanen.  Litmanen played in FC Lahti two times, 2004 and 2009-2010.  In his youth years and the start of his career, he played in Reipas Lahti. <SEP> Jari Olavi Litmanen (   ; born 20 February 1971) is a Finnish former footballer.  He was the first-choice captain of the Finland national team between 1996 and 2008 in an international career that ran from 1989 to 2010. <SEP> FC Kuusysi (‘sixty-nine’) is a football club in Lahti, Finland.  Its men’s team is currently playing in the third tier of Finnish football ("Kakkonen") under the name FC Lahti Akatemia, and its women's team is playing in Women's Ykkönen.  The homeground of FC Kuusysi is Lahden kisapuisto.
Question: Who has released more solo albums, Peter Murphy or L7?

The discography of Bauhaus, a British gothic rock band, consists of five studio albums, four live albums, three compilation albums, four extended plays (EPs), eleven singles and three video albums.  The band was formed in Northampton in 1978 by Daniel Ash (guitar), David J (bass), Kevin Haskins (drums) and Peter Murphy (vocals). <SEP>  He was the vocalist of the Goth rock group Bauhaus and later went on to release a number of solo albums, such as "Deep", "Holy Smoke", and "Love Hysteria".  Thin with prominent cheekbones, a baritone voice, and a penchant for gloomy poetics, he is often called the "Godfather of Goth". Peter John Joseph Murphy (born 11 July 1957) is an English singer and musician. <SEP>  They were active from 1985 to 2001, and reunited in 2014.  Due to their sound and image, they are often associated with the grunge movement of the late 1980s and early 1990s.  L7 influenced many of the riot grrrl bands of the 1990s. L7 is an American rock band from Los Angeles, California, United States. <SEP> Deep is the third solo studio album by English musician Peter Murphy.  Produced by Simon Rogers, the album was released on 19 December 1989 through RCA and Beggars Banquet Records and features contributions from Murphy's backing band, The Hundred Men.
Question:  John Luke Porter began working for the Confederate States Navy at the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to who?

 He became a United States Navy civilian employee during the 1840s and a Naval Constructor in 1859.  After resigning from the U.S. Navy in May 1861, he began working for the Confederate States Navy at the Gosport (Norfolk) Navy Yard, at Portsmouth. John Luke Porter (1813 – December 14, 1893), whose father was a shipwright at Portsmouth, Virginia, was born in 1813.  He played an important role in the conversion of the scuttled and burned steam frigate USS "Merrimack" to an ironclad, which became CSS "Virginia" when commissioned in February 1862. <SEP> A cryogenic oxygen plant is an industrial facility that creates molecular oxygen at relatively high purity.  Oxygen is the most common element in the earth's crust and the second largest industrial gas.  This process was pioneered by Dr. Carl von Linde in 1902. <SEP> The Confederate States Naval Academy was an undergraduate academy in Richmond, Virginia of the Confederate States of America that educated and commissioned officers of the Confederate States Navy.  The CS Naval Academy was established by an act of the Congress of the Confederate States on April 21, 1862 and graduated a number of midshipmen before being disbanded on May 2, 1865 in Abbeville, South Carolina subsequent to the fall of the Confederate States. <SEP> The Norfolk Naval Shipyard, often called the Norfolk Navy Yard and abbreviated as NNSY, is a U.S. Navy facility in Portsmouth, Virginia, for building, remodeling, and repairing the Navy's ships.  It is the oldest and largest industrial facility that belongs to the U.S. Navy as well as the most multifaceted.  Located on the Elizabeth River, the yard is just a short distance upriver from its mouth at Hampton Roads.
Question: What platform was used to build both both the midsize Pontiac G6 and a compact executive car manufactured by a Swedish automaker?

 It was introduced in 2004 for the 2005 model year to replace the Grand Am.  The car was built on the GM Epsilon platform which it shared with the Chevrolet Malibu and Saab 9-3 along with other General Motors vehicles. The Pontiac G6 was a midsize car that was produced by General Motors.  Features included a remote starting system (standard on GT, optional on base model), traction control/ABS, electronic stability control, automatic headlights as well as a panoramic sunroof option.  Production ended in 2010. <SEP> Mercedes-Benz W202 is a compact executive car which was produced by the German automaker Mercedes-Benz in 1993–2000, under the C-Class model names.  In May 1993, the first generation Mercedes-Benz C-Class was introduced as a replacement for the 190.  The C-Class sedan was the company's entry-level model up until 1997, when Mercedes-Benz launched the smaller A-Class.  Styling themes were carried over from the previous W201 series, but the new series had a smoother and rounder design than the previous generation of the compact Mercedes-Benz. <SEP> The Pontiac Grand Am was a mid-size car and later a compact car produced by Pontiac.  The Grand Am had two separate 3-year runs in the 1970s: from 1973 to 1975, and again from 1978 to 1980.  It was based on the GM A platform.  Production of the Grand Am was canceled in 1980 when it was replaced by the Pontiac 6000.  The Grand Am was reintroduced in 1985 when it replaced the Pontiac Phoenix.  It was Pontiac's best selling car and later replaced by the Pontiac G6, so named as it was intended to be the 6th generation of the Grand Am. <SEP> The Saab 9-3 is a compact executive car that was originally developed and manufactured by the Swedish automaker Saab.
Question: What United States President crossed paths with Monica Lewinsky and an American model born in 1950 who once posed for 'Penthouse' magazine?

 Published by conservative publisher World Ahead Publishing on May 31, 2005, it recounts the stories of seven women who crossed paths with Bill Clinton: Monica Lewinsky, Paula Jones, Gennifer Flowers, Kathleen Willey, Elizabeth Gracen, Juanita Broaddrick, and Sally Perdue. Their Lives: The Women Targeted by the Clinton Machine is a book by Candice E. Jackson. <SEP> The Lewinsky scandal was an American political sex scandal that involved 49-year-old President Bill Clinton and 22-year-old White House intern Monica Lewinsky.  The sexual relationship took place between 1995 and 1996 and came to light in 1998.  Clinton ended a televised speech with the statement that he did not have sexual relations with Lewinsky.  Further investigation led to charges of perjury and to the impeachment of President Clinton in 1998 by the U.S. House of Representatives.  He was subsequently acquitted on all impeachment charges of perjury and obstruction of justice in a 21-day Senate trial.  Clinton was held in civil contempt of court by Judge Susan Webber Wright for giving misleading testimony in the Paula Jones case regarding Lewinsky and was also fined $90,000 by Wright.  His license to practice law was suspended in Arkansas for five years; shortly thereafter, he was disbarred from presenting cases in front of the United States Supreme Court. <SEP> Gennifer Flowers (born January 24, 1950) is an American model and actress who obtained notoriety after revealing a sexual encounter with U.S. President Bill Clinton.  In January 1998, Clinton testified under oath that there had been a sexual encounter between Flowers and him.  Before Clinton's presidency, she posed nude for "Penthouse" magazine and was an actress in two films and one TV show. <SEP> Bat Boy is a creature who made several appearances in the American supermarket tabloid "Weekly World News".  "The Weekly World News" published patently fabricated stories which were purported to be factual.  Within the pages of the paper, Bat Boy is described as a creature who is 'half human and half bat'.  His pursuers, according to "Weekly World News", are scientists and United States government officials; he is frequently captured, then later makes a daring escape.  The original scientist who found him was named Dr. Ron Dillon.  Matthew Daemon, S.O.S. (Seeker of Obscure Supernaturals) crossed paths with him on several occasions.
Question: What artist that co-founded a band with David Knopfler also played with the group Brewers Droop?

The Booze Brothers, "featuring Mark Knopfler & Dave Edmunds", is the second album released by Brewers Droop, an English blues band.  Although most of the tracks were recorded back in 1973 the album was only released in 1989 when it was discovered that the album had involved the renowned producer/rocker Dave Edmunds and the line-up had included Pick Withers and Mark Knopfler, later of Dire Straits.  Ron Watts, the founder of the band, became much better known later in the '70s as a punk rock promoter at venues such as 100 Club.  Steve Darrington continued as a professional musician, appearing on over 50 albums, and is the organizer of the Swanage Blues Festival. <SEP>  Though they did not chart, they are notable as an early exponent of the pub rock style, as well as for their connections with Dire Straits, as both Mark Knopfler and Pick Withers played with the group for a few months in 1973. Brewers Droop was a Southern English pub rock band of the early 1970s. <SEP> Chet Atkins' discography is large and diverse.  Not only did he release principal studio albums as a solo artist, he was a prolific and much sought-after collaborator.  He also played as a sideman on many more.  His major collaborations were with Hank Snow, Arthur Fiedler and the Boston Pops Orchestra, The Country All-Stars, The Nashville String Band, Jerry Reed, Merle Travis, Doc Watson, Lenny Breau, Les Paul, Mark Knopfler, Suzy Bogguss, Floyd Cramer and Tommy Emmanuel.  He frequently guested on a track or two with other friends.  Several of his recordings won or were nominated for Grammy Awards. <SEP>  He was born in Glasgow but raised near Newcastle upon Tyne, England.  He is best known for having been the lead guitarist, lead singer and songwriter for the rock band Dire Straits, which he co-founded with his younger brother, David Knopfler, in 1977. Mark Freuder Knopfler, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 12 August 1949) is a British singer-songwriter, guitarist, record producer and film score composer.
Question: Which tennis player reached a higher World singles ranking, Allan Stone or Kevin Curren?

 He played in two Grand Slam singles finals and won four Grand Slam doubles titles, reaching a career-high singles ranking of World No. 5. Kevin Melvyn Curren (born 2 March 1958) is a South African-American former professional tennis player. <SEP> Allan Stone (born 14 October 1945) played amateur and professional tennis in the 1960s and 1970s.  He was ranked as high as World No. 38 in singles on the ATP Rankings in April 1975. <SEP> Jim Thomas (born September 24, 1974) is an American former professional tennis player.  His highest ATP world singles ranking was number 288, which he reached on November 2, 1998.  His career high in doubles was at 29, set on August 21, 2006.  He retired following the 2008 season. <SEP> John McEnroe was the defending champion but lost in the quarterfinals to Kevin Curren.  Curren also defeated Jimmy Connors in the semifinal and became the first player ever to defeat both Connors and McEnroe in the same Grand Slam tournament.
Question: When was the base where Patrol Squadron Eight was formerly based closed?

Patrol Squadron Eight (VP-8) is a U.S. Navy land-based patrol squadron that was based at the Naval Air Station Brunswick, Maine, but is now stationed at Naval Air Station Jacksonville, Florida.  VP-8 is tasked to undertake maritime patrol, anti-submarine warfare (ASW), and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) missions. <SEP> VP-20 was a Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy.  The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 8-S (VP-8S) from elements of VT-9S on 1 July 1929, redesignated Patrol Squadron 8-F (VP-8F) on 3 April 1933, redesignated Patrol Squadron 8 (VP-8) on 1 October 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 24 (VP-24) on 1 July 1939, redesignated Patrol Squadron 12 (VP-12) on 1 August 1941, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 120 (VPB-120) on 1 October 1944, redesignated Patrol Squadron 120 (VP-120) on 15 May 1946, redesignated Heavy Patrol Squadron (Landplane) 10 (VP-HL-10) on 15 November 1946, redesignated Patrol Squadron 20 (VP-20) on 1 September 1948 and disestablished on 31 March 1949.  It was the third squadron to be designated VP-20, the first VP-20 was redesignated VP-44 on 1 July 1940 and the second VP-20 was redesignated VPB-20 on 1 October 1944. <SEP>  As of November 28, 2009, the last aircraft (P-3 Orions) left.  The runways were permanently closed in January 2010. Naval Air Station Brunswick (IATA: NHZ, ICAO: KNHZ, FAA LID: NHZ) , also known as NAS Brunswick, was a military airport located 2 mi northeast of Brunswick, Maine, with a number of Navy-operated maritime patrol aircraft.  The base operated while the airport operated publicly under the name Brunswick Executive Airport until the base closed on May 31, 2011, as per the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure committee decision.  Since then the base is known as Brunswick Landing.  The Midcoast Regional Redevelopment Authority has been managing base redevelopment with high-tech business and industrial park.  On April 2, 2011, the airport reopened as Brunswick Executive Airport. <SEP> VP-3 was a Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy.  The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 16-F (VP-16F) on 2 January 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 16 (VP-16) on 1 October 1937, redesignated Patrol Squadron 41 (VP-41) on 1 July 1939, redesignated Bombing Squadron 136 (VB-136) on 1 March 1943, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 136 (VPB-136) on 1 October 1944, redesignated Patrol Squadron 136 (VP-136) on 15 May 1946, redesignated Medium Patrol Squadron (landplane) 3 (VP-ML-3) on 15 November 1946, redesignated Patrol Squadron 3 (VP-3) on 1 September 1948, and was disestablished on 1 November 1955.  It was the second squadron to be designated VP-3, the first VP-3 was redesignated VP-32 on 1 July 1939.
Question: What movie staring Hugh Jackman and Nicole Kidman was scored by David Hirschfelder?

 As a musician he has been a member of Little River Band and John Farnham Band. David Hirschfelder (born 18 November 1960, Ballarat, Victoria) is an Australian musician, film score composer and performer.  He has composed film scores for "Strictly Ballroom" (1992), "Shine" (1996), "Sliding Doors" (1998), "Elizabeth" (1998), "Hanging Up" (2000), "Australia" (2008), and "" (2010). <SEP> Elizabeth is the original soundtrack of the 1998 Academy Award- and Golden Globe-winning film "Elizabeth" starring Cate Blanchett, Geoffrey Rush, Christopher Eccleston, Richard Attenborough and Joseph Fiennes.  The original score was composed by David Hirschfelder. <SEP> Happy Feet is a 2006 Australian-American computer-animated musical family comedy film directed, produced, and co-written by George Miller.  It stars Elijah Wood, Robin Williams, Brittany Murphy, Hugh Jackman, Nicole Kidman, Hugo Weaving, and E.G. Daily.  It was produced at Sydney-based visual effects and animation studio Animal Logic for Warner Bros., Village Roadshow Pictures, and Kingdom Feature Productions and was released in North American theaters on November 17, 2006.  It is the first animated film produced by Kennedy Miller in association with Animal Logic. <SEP>  It is the third-highest grossing Australian film of all time, behind "Crocodile Dundee" and "".  The screenplay was written by Luhrmann and screenwriter Stuart Beattie, with Ronald Harwood and Richard Flanagan.  The film is a character story, set between 1939 and 1942 against a dramatised backdrop of events across northern Australia at the time, such as the bombing of Darwin during World War II.  Production took place in Sydney, Darwin, Kununurra, and Bowen. Australia is a 2008 Australian-British-American romantic historical adventure drama film directed by Baz Luhrmann and starring Nicole Kidman and Hugh Jackman.  The film was released to cinemas on 26 November 2008 in both the United States and Australia, with subsequent worldwide release dates throughout late December 2008 and January and February 2009.  "Australia" received mixed reviews from critics and it earned $211.3 million on a $130 million budget.
Question: Mohamed Tindouft won gold medals at first edition of the games to be hosted where?

Angola participates in the Lusophony Games, a multi-sport event for Portuguese-speaking countries.  Angola participated in the 2006 games in Macau, the first edition of the Lusophony Games.  Angola has sent athletes to all three editions of the Lusophony Games and won medals at all three.  Angola did not win any gold medals in 2006 but has won gold medals at all Games since, with four in 2009 and five in 2014. <SEP> Canada hosted and participated in the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia.  Canada previously hosted the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal and the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary.  Canada sent a team of 206 athletes (116 men, 90 women), including participants in all 15 sports, and finished with 14 gold medals and 26 in total (ranking 1st and 3rd respectively), surpassing their previous best medal performance at the 2006 Winter Olympics.  The 14 gold medals also set the all-time record for most gold medals at a single Winter Olympics, one more than the previous record of 13 set by the former Soviet Union in 1976 and Norway in 2002.  Canada was the first host nation to win the gold medal count at a Winter Olympics since Norway at the 1952 Winter Olympics. <SEP>  He represented his country at the 2017 World Championships without reaching the final.  In addition he won gold medals at the 2017 Islamic Solidarity Games and 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie. Mohamed Tindouft (born 12 March 1993) is a Moroccan runner specialising in the 3000 metres steeplechase. <SEP> The 2017 Jeux de la Francophonie, also known as "VIIIèmes Jeux de la Francophonie" (French for "8th Francophone Games"), will be held in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, from July 21–30.  This will be the first edition of the games to be hosted in Ivory Coast.
Question: Killing Lincoln: The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever is a book by an American journalist who anchored what tabloid television program?

Tabloid Baby is a 1999 memoir and exposé by veteran journalist and television news producer Burt Kearns detailing his years as producer of the leading tabloid television shows of the 1990s: "A Current Affair" and "Hard Copy".  Published shortly before broadcast news was displaced by cable, the book is notable for its argument that “tabloid television” was co-opted by network news shows such as CBS’s "48 Hours" which premiered in 1988 and NBC's "Dateline" which premiered in 1992, as well as demonstrating the emerging audience psychology that would lead to the explosion of reality shows in the 2000s and the openly subjective reporting that would find its apotheosis in Fox News and MSNBC on cable. <SEP> Killing Lincoln: The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever is a book by Bill O'Reilly and Martin Dugard concerning the 1865 assassination of U.S. President Abraham Lincoln.  The book was released on September 27, 2011. <SEP>  During the late 1970s and 1980s, he reported for local television stations in the United States and later for CBS News and ABC News.  He anchored the tabloid television program "Inside Edition" from 1989 to 1995.  In 1996, O'Reilly joined the Fox News Channel and hosted "The O'Reilly Factor" until 2017.  "The O'Reilly Factor" was the highest-rated cable news show for 16 years and he was described by media analyst Howard Kurtz as "the biggest star in the 20 year history at Fox News" at the time of his departure.  He is the author of several books and hosted "The Radio Factor" (2002–2009).  After a "New York Times" investigation revealed that O'Reilly and Fox News had settled five sexual harassment lawsuits totaling $13 million, Fox News terminated O'Reilly's employment. William James O'Reilly Jr. (born September 10, 1949) is an American journalist, author, and television host.  In 2017, he started the "No Spin News" podcast. <SEP> Stephen Francis Patrick Aloysius Dunleavy (born 21 January 1938 in Sydney, Australia), is a journalist best known as a columnist for the "New York Post".  He was a lead reporter on the US tabloid television program "A Current Affair" in the 1980s and 1990s.
Question: Which case dealt with same-sex relations, Stenberg v. Carhart or Lawrence v. Texas?

M/S R.M.D.C (Mysore) v. State of Mysore, (AIR 1962 SC 594) was a judgment of the Supreme Court of India, dealing with constitutional law, where the Court utilized the doctrine of colourable legislation.  This is a landmark case on Centre-States relations in India, and was decided in favor of the erstwhile State of Mysore.  This case dealt with issues of conflict between the States and Union regarding legislative competence.  It further held that surrender of legislative competence by a state to the Union under article 252(2) of the Indian Constitution does not amount to surrender of powers of taxation. <SEP>  Nebraska physicians who performed the procedure contrary to the law were subject to having their medical licenses revoked. Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000), is a case heard by the Supreme Court of the United States dealing with a Nebraska law which made performing "partial-birth abortion" illegal, without regard for the health of the mother.  The Court struck down the law, finding the Nebraska statute criminalizing "partial birth abortion[s]" violated the Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution, as interpreted in "Planned Parenthood v. Casey" and "Roe v. Wade". <SEP> LeRoy Harrison Carhart (born 1941) is an American physician from New Jersey best known for performing abortions late in pregnancy.  He became famous for his participation in the Supreme Court cases "Stenberg v. Carhart" and "Gonzales v. Carhart", both of which dealt with intact dilation and extraction (colloquially known as "partial-birth abortion").  He was one of the four subjects of the 2013 documentary "After Tiller". <SEP> Lawrence v. Texas, 539 U.S. 558 (2003) is a landmark decision by the United States Supreme Court.  The Court struck down the sodomy law in Texas in a 6-3 decision and, by extension, invalidated sodomy laws in 13 other states, making same-sex sexual activity legal in every U.S. state and territory.  The Court, with a five-justice majority, overturned its previous ruling on the same issue in the 1986 case "Bowers v. Hardwick", where it upheld a challenged Georgia statute and did not find a constitutional protection of sexual privacy.
Question: Who has received more critical acclaim, Conrad Aiken or Paul Heyse?

Conrad Potter Aiken (August 5, 1889 – August 17, 1973) was an American writer, whose work includes poetry, short stories, novels, a play, and an autobiography. <SEP> "Silent Snow, Secret Snow" (1934) is Conrad Aiken's best-known short story, often included in anthologies of classic American horror and fantasy short fiction.  It appeared in "The Collected Stories of Conrad Aiken" in 1934, and since then has been widely anthologized. <SEP>  A member of two important literary societies, the "Tunnel über der Spree" in Berlin and "Die Krokodile" in Munich, he wrote novels, poetry, 177 short stories, and about sixty dramas.  The sum of Heyse's many and varied productions made him a dominant figure among German men of letters.  He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1910 "as a tribute to the consummate artistry, permeated with idealism, which he has demonstrated during his long productive career as a lyric poet, dramatist, novelist and writer of world-renowned short stories." Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse (15 March 1830 – 2 April 1914) was a distinguished German writer and translator.  Wirsen, one of the Nobel judges, said that "Germany has not had a greater literary genius since Goethe."  Heyse is the fifth oldest laureate in literature, after Doris Lessing, Theodor Mommsen, Alice Munro and Jaroslav Seifert. <SEP> The Aiken Taylor Award for Modern American Poetry is an annual prize, administered by the "Sewanee Review" and the University of the South, awarded to a writer who has had a substantial and distinguished career.  It was established through a bequest by Dr. K.P.A. Taylor, a poet and younger brother of Conrad Aiken.
Question: This American electrical engineer took part with the co-founder of Fairchild Semiconductor in the realization of an object that gave what location its name?

Jack St. Clair Kilby (November 8, 1923 – June 20, 2005) was an American electrical engineer who took part (along with Robert Noyce) in the realization of the first integrated circuit while working at Texas Instruments (TI) in 1958.  He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics on December 10, 2000.  To congratulate him, American President Bill Clinton wrote, "You can take pride in the knowledge that your work will help to improve lives for generations to come." <SEP> Wilfred J. Corrigan is a British engineer and entrepreneur, known for founding and running LSI Logic Corp.  He was the chairman and chief executive of LSI for over two decades until 2005, during the earlier part of which he made vital contributions to the company.  He was the founder and served twice as chairman of the Semiconductor Industry Association (SIA).  Wilf is a veteran of Fairchild Semiconductor. <SEP> Robert Norton Noyce (December 12, 1927 – June 3, 1990), nicknamed "the Mayor of Silicon Valley," co-founded Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968.  He is also credited (along with Jack Kilby) with the realization of the first integrated circuit or microchip that fueled the personal computer revolution and gave Silicon Valley its name. <SEP> Fairchild Semiconductor International, Inc. was an American semiconductor company based in San Jose, California.  Founded in 1957 as a division of Fairchild Camera and Instrument, it became a pioneer in the manufacturing of transistors and of integrated circuits. Schlumberger bought the firm in 1979 and sold it to National Semiconductor in 1987; Fairchild was spun off as an independent company again in 1997.
Question: The Mitchell Report was created by which former Senate Majority Leader?

The 1996 Republican presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1996 U.S. presidential election.  Former Senator Bob Dole of Kansas, former Senate Majority Leader was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1996 Republican National Convention held from August 12 to August 15, 1996, in San Diego, California. <SEP> George John Mitchell Jr. (born August 20, 1933) is an American lawyer, businessman, and politician.  A Democrat, Mitchell served as a United States Senator from Maine from 1980 to 1995 and as Senate Majority Leader from 1989 to 1995. <SEP> The Mitchell Report, officially the Sharm el-Sheikh Fact-Finding Committee Report is a report that was created by an international fact-finding committee, led by former US Senator George Mitchell.  It was published on 30 April 2001.  The report describes possible causes of the al-Aqsa Intifada, and gives recommendations to end the violence, rebuild confidence and resume negotiations. <SEP> Nancy Erickson is the former Secretary of the United States Senate.  She began her term as Secretary on January 4, 2007 in the 110th Congress.  Erickson was appointed by Democratic and Majority Leader Harry Reid of Nevada.  Prior to serving as Secretary of the Senate, Erickson served as the Democratic Representative to the Sergeant at Arms.  She also served as the deputy chief of staff to former Senate majority leader Tom Daschle, (D) South Dakota.  Erickson has a B.A. from Augustana College, and a M.A. from American University.
Question: This 1990 American comedy-drama film that co-starred an American former child actor turned what?

 Chris O'Donnell, Arliss Howard, Joan Cusack, Charlie Korsmo and Kathy Bates also co-star in this film.  The film, directed by Paul Brickman and co-written with Barbara Benedek, is a remake of the French film "".  The original music score was composed by Thomas Newman. Men Don't Leave is a 1990 American comedy-drama film starring Jessica Lange as a housewife who, after the death of her husband, moves with her two sons to Baltimore.  Warner Brothers released the film on DVD for the first time on September 15, 2009, as part of the "Warner Archive Collection". <SEP> Charles Randolph "Charlie" Korsmo (born July 20, 1978) is an American former child actor turned lawyer. <SEP> Jasen Lee Fisher is an American former child actor, born in Chicago.  He made his first appearance in the 1989 film "Parenthood" as Kevin Buckman, receiving a nomination for a Young Artist Award as a supporting actor.  He played the main character of Luke in "The Witches" in 1990, for which he was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Performance by a Younger Actor.  He played Ace (one of the Lost Boys) in the 1991 film "Hook", receiving a Young Artist Award as part of its ensemble cast.  He has no further screen credits beyond the age of 11.  He attended William Fremd High School, graduating in the Class of 1998. <SEP> Thomas Noel Rettig, known as Tommy Rettig (December 10, 1941 – February 15, 1996), was an American child actor, computer software engineer, and author.  Rettig is remembered for portraying the character "Jeff Miller" in the first three seasons of CBS's "Lassie" television series, from 1954 to 1957, later seen in syndicated re-runs as "Jeff's Collie".  He also co-starred with another former child actor, Tony Dow, in the mid-1960s television teen soap opera "Never Too Young" and recorded the song by that title with the group The TR-4.
Question: The 2001 FedEx Orange Bowl was played by the team that was led by which 2nd-year coach from the Big 12?

 Oklahoma defeated FSU 13–2 in a defensive battle to claim the National Championship as head coach Bob Stoops completed just his second season as the coach of the Sooners. The 2001 FedEx Orange Bowl game was a post-season college football bowl game and BCS National Championship match between the University of Oklahoma Sooners and the Florida State Seminoles on January 3, 2001, at Pro Player Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida.  The game was part of the 2000–2001 Bowl Championship Series (BCS) of the 2000 NCAA Division I-A football season and represented the concluding game of the season for both teams.  The Orange Bowl was first played in 1935, and the 2001 game represented the 67th edition.  The contest was televised in the United States on ABC. <SEP> The 2009 ACC football season was an NCAA football season that was played from September 3, 2009, to January 5, 2010.  The Atlantic Coast Conference consists of 12 members in two divisions.  The Atlantic division consists of Boston College, Clemson, Florida State, Maryland, North Carolina State and Wake Forest.  The Coastal division consists of Duke, Georgia Tech, Miami, North Carolina, Virginia, and Virginia Tech.  The division champions met in the 2009 ACC Championship Game, where Georgia Tech defeated Clemson by a score of 39–34.  Georgia Tech represented the ACC in the BCS, being invited to the Fedex Orange Bowl where they lost to Iowa.  The ACC had a total of seven teams play in a bowl game and finished the bowl season with a record of 3–4. <SEP> The 2000 Oklahoma Sooners football team represented the University of Oklahoma in the 2000 NCAA Division I-A football season, the 106th season of Sooner football.  The team was led by Bob Stoops in his second season as head coach.  They played their home games at Oklahoma Memorial Stadium in Norman.  During this season, they competed in the Big 12 Conference. <SEP> The 1910 VMI Keydets football team represented the Virginia Military Institute in their twentieth season of organized football.  The Keydets finished at 3–3–1 with 2nd-year coach William Gloth.
Question: Which of the actors starred in Firangi is also Miss India USA winner on 26 November 2013 while serving as Miss India New England?

Anukriti Gusain (Hindi: , born 25 March 1994) is an Indian model, television host and presenter of Planet Bollywood News.  Gusain is crowned Miss Asia Pacific World India 2014 and represented India at Miss Asia Pacific World 2014 an International beauty pageant and finished as "4th Runner Up".  She is winner of Femina Miss India Delhi 2013 Crown and Bride Of The World India 2013.  She made a come back to pageantry in 2017, when she won Femina Miss India Uttarakhand 2017 and she represented her home state Uttarakhand among top 30 finalists under the new format of Femina Miss India 2017 pageant She is appointed as Miss Grand India 2017 and will represent India at the minor pageant Miss Grand International 2017 which will be held in Vietnam. <SEP> Firangi (English: "Foreigner") is an upcoming Indian Hindi-language Historical Period Drama film set in the year 1920 and it's being directed by Rajiv Dhingra.  The film stars Kapil Sharma, who is also the producer, along with Ishita Dutta and Monica Gill in the lead roles.  It will be released on 10 November 2017. <SEP>  She is also Miss India USA winner on 26 November 2013 while serving as Miss India New England. Monica Gill (Punjabi: ਮੋਨਿਕਾ ਗਿੱਲ ; born June 24, 1991) is an Indian-American model, actress and beauty pageant title holder, who won Miss India Worldwide 2014 on 21 June 2014.  In 2015, she participated in MTV India show "India's Next Top Model".  She made Punjabi Cinema debut in 2016 Tips' film "Ambarsariya". <SEP> Miss India USA is a beauty contest for young women of Indian descent who are residents of the United States.  The pageant was established by India Festival Committee head by Dharmatma Saran in 1980.  The winner of the Miss India USA pageant represented the United States at the Miss India Worldwide pageant.
Question: What River is flows through Western North Carolina and East Tennessee that is situated along the Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park?

Davy Crockett Birthplace State Park is a state park in Greene County, Tennessee, United States.  Situated along the Nolichucky River, the park consists of 105 acre centered on the traditional birthplace of legendary Tennessee frontiersman, soldier, and politician Davy Crockett (1786-1836).  The park includes a replica of Crockett's birth cabin, a museum, and a large campground. <SEP> Opened in 1957, Tweetsie Railroad began as an excursion train ride pulled by steam locomotive #12, the only surviving narrow gauge engine of the East Tennessee and Western North Carolina Railroad (ET&WNC).  Built in 1917 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, #12 is a narrow gauge 4-6-0 coal-fired locomotive that was used from 1918 to 1940 to haul passengers and freight over the ET&WNC's 66 mi line running through the Appalachian Mountains from Johnson City to Boone, North Carolina.  The name "Tweetsie" was given to the original East Tennessee and Western North Carolina Railroad by area residents who became accustomed to the shrill "tweet, tweet" of the train whistles that echoed through the mountains.  The nickname stuck with the railroad and its trains, and became more identifiable than the railroad's original name. <SEP> The Nolichucky River is a 115 mi river that flows through Western North Carolina and East Tennessee, in the southeastern United States.  Traversing the Pisgah National Forest and the Cherokee National Forest in the Blue Ridge Mountains, the river's watershed is home to some of the highest mountains in the Appalachians, including Mount Mitchell, the highest point in the eastern United States.  The river is a tributary of the French Broad River, and is impounded by Nolichucky Dam near Greeneville, Tennessee. <SEP> The Pigeon River of western North Carolina and east Tennessee rises above Canton, North Carolina, is impounded by Walters Dam, enters Tennessee, and flows into the French Broad River, just past Newport, Tennessee.  The river traverses the Pisgah National Forest and the Cherokee National Forest, and drains much of the northeastern Great Smoky Mountains National Park.
Question: Which opened first, the Ptarmigan and Tom Mine or the Colomac Mine?

 The property was staked by prospectors in 1936 and acquired by Cominco in 1938. The Ptarmigan and Tom Mine were gold producers located in the Northwest Territories, Canada at Yellowknife.  The mine first produced between 1941 and 1942 but closed due to wartime restrictions.  The old property was demolished in 1969–1970.  A new company, Treminco Resources Limited, reopened the workings in 1985 and production from the Tom ( ) portal began in 1986 with material being trucked to Giant Mine.  The old Ptarmigan ( ) mine shaft was dewatered and production began in 1987.  A new mill was built at the property and was operational in July 1989.  Low gold prices forced the company to close the mines in 1997.  Total gold production has been approximately 120,000 troy ounces (3700 kg). <SEP> Colomac Airport (TC LID: CFY8) , was located near Colomac Mine in the Northwest Territories, Canada where caribou may be found on the runway.  Prior permission was required to land except in the case of an emergency. <SEP> The Colomac Mine was a privately owned and operated open pit gold mine located 220 km northwest of Yellowknife in the Northwest Territories in Canada .  It was operated by Neptune Resources Limited that had little success in making a profit during its operation.  In 1994, the mine had reopened under Royal Oak Mines Inc.  Both Neptune Resources and Royal Oak Mines where both owned and operated by Peggy Witte.  Due to low gold prices and high cost of mining, Royal Oak Mines was forced into bankruptcy.  The Colomac mine operated between 1990–1992, and 1994–1997.  The Federal Government of Canada became owners of the mine, along with the related environmental issues.  A major cleanup effort is under way to prevent the mine from polluting the environment, but this might be too late at this stage.  This mine is now owned and controlled by the Indigenous and Northern Affairs department of the Federal government, while Public Works and Government services is the current contracting authority. <SEP> The Brockman 4 mine is an iron ore mine located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, 60 kilometres north-west of Tom Price.  The mine, located near the existing Brockman mine, was opened in 2010.
Question: In what year was the actress that played the new Section chief born?

Erin Watts is a fictional character from the BBC espionage television series "Spooks", which follows the exploits of Section D, a counter-terrorism division in MI5.  She is portrayed by British actress Lara Pulver.  The character was introduced in the first episode of the tenth series as the new Section Chief after having served in Harry Pearce's job during his forced leave. <SEP>  She has played Erin Watts in the British BBC spy drama "Spooks", and Irene Adler on BBC's TV adaptation "Sherlock".  She won the 2016 Olivier Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Musical in the West End's revival of the hit Broadway musical "Gypsy". Lara Pulver (born 1 September 1980) is an English actress. <SEP> The Eine Lustspielouvertüre ("Comedy Overture") Op. 38 for orchestra is a concert overture by Ferruccio Busoni; it was composed in 1897 and revised in 1904.  The main theme appears at once, played by the strings.  The second subject follows on clarinet.  A new section introduces the development.  In recapitulation the second theme is reworked for the cellos and contrabasses over a timpani pedal point.  The work ends with a lively coda. <SEP> Sir William Ramsay ( ; 2 October 1852 – 23 July 1916) was a British chemist who discovered the noble gases and received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1904 "in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air" (along with his collaborator, Lord Rayleigh, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics that same year for their discovery of argon).  After the two men identified argon, Ramsay investigated other atmospheric gases.  His work in isolating argon, helium, neon, krypton and xenon led to the development of a new section of the periodic table.
Question: Which band is made up of brother, Canterbury or Evermore?

 The band consisted of guitarist and vocalist Mike Sparks, bassist and vocalist Luke Prebble, guitarist James Pipe and drummer Chris Velissarides. Canterbury were an English rock band, formed in Basingstoke, Hampshire, in 2005. <SEP> Donny Tourette (born Patrick Brannan; 19 June 1981) is an English singer-songwriter best known for his work with the rock n roll band Towers of London.  He rose to greater prominence after appearing in the 2007 edition of "Celebrity Big Brother".  Tourette was the eighth "Celebrity Big Brother 2007" contestant to enter the UK Big Brother House on 3 January 2007.  He swore at the crowd and made rude gestures, some crowd members chanted 'Who are ya?' .  The host, Davina McCall, said that he "smelled like a brewery". <SEP> Edgar I (Old English: "Ēadgār" ;  943 8 July 975), known as the Peaceful or the Peaceable, was King of England from 959 until his death.  He was the younger son of Edmund I and Ælfgifu of Shaftesbury, and came to the throne as a teenager, following the death of his older brother Eadwig.  As king, Edgar further consolidated the political unity achieved by his predecessors, with his reign being noted for its relative stability.  His most trusted advisor was Dunstan, who he recalled from exile and made Archbishop of Canterbury.  The pinnacle of Edgar's reign was his coronation at Bath in 973, which was organised by Dunstan and forms the basis for the current coronation ceremony.  After his death he was succeeded by his son Edward, although the succession was disputed. <SEP> Evermore are a band originally from Feilding, New Zealand, now based in Melbourne, Australia.  The band consists of brothers Jon (guitar, vocals, album production), Peter (keyboards, bass, vocals) and Dann Hume (drums, guitar, vocals).  The band have released three platinum-selling albums, "Dreams" (2004), "Real Life" (2006) and "" (2009) and a self-titled greatest hits album including three new songs.  They have been nominated for seven ARIA Awards, and have won two Vodafone New Zealand Music Awards.  They have won the APRA Silver Scroll songwriting award, and the Channel V Oz Artist of the Year Award.