Question: Which film whose director was born first, The Pledge (Film) or Certificates Of Death?

The film features an ensemble cast, starring Jack Nicholson, Aaron Eckhart, Helen Mirren, Robin Wright Penn, Vanessa Redgrave, Sam Shepard, Mickey Rourke, and Benicio del Toro. It is based on Friedrich Dürrenmatt's 1958 novella. The Pledge is a 2001 American neo- noir mystery drama film directed by Sean Penn. Dürrenmatt wrote" The Pledge" to refine the theme he originally developed in the screenplay for the 1958 German film" It Happened in Broad Daylight" with Heinz Rühmann. <SEP> The film's sets were designed by the art director Stefan Lhotka. Certificates of Death( German:Scheine des Todes) is a 1923 German silent film directed by Lothar Mendes and starring Alfred Abel, Eva May and Iván Petrovich. <SEP> Sean Justin He has won two Academy Awards, for his roles in the mystery drama" Mystic River"( 2003) and the biopic" Milk"( 2008). Penn began his acting career in television, with a brief appearance in episode 112 of" Little House on the Prairie" on December 4, 1974, and directed by his father Leo Penn. Following his film debut in the drama" Taps"( 1981), and a diverse range of film roles in the 1980s, including" Fast Times at Ridgemont High"( 1982), Penn garnered critical attention for his roles in the crime dramas" At Close Range"( 1986)," State of Grace"( 1990), and" Carlito's Way"( 1993). He became known as a prominent leading actor with the drama" Dead Man Walking"( 1995), for which he earned his first Academy Award nomination and the Best Actor Award at the Berlin Film Festival. Penn( born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, director, and filmmaker. Penn received another two Oscar nominations for Woody Allen's comedy- drama" Sweet and Lowdown"( 1999) and the drama" I Am Sam"( 2001), before winning his first Academy Award for Best Actor in 2003 for" Mystic River" and a second one in 2008 for" Milk". He has also won a Best Actor Award at the Cannes Film Festival for the Nick Cassavetes- directed" She's So Lovely"( 1997), and two Best Actor Awards at the Venice Film Festival for the indie film" Hurlyburly"( 1998) and the drama" 21 Grams"( 2003). Penn made his feature film directorial debut with" The Indian Runner"( 1991), followed by the drama film" The Crossing Guard"( 1995) and the mystery film" The Pledge"( 2001). Penn directed one of the 11 segments of" 11'09" 01 September 11"( 2002), a compilation film made in response to the September 11 attacks. His fourth feature film, the biographical drama survival movie" Into the Wild"( 2007), garnered critical acclaim and two Academy Award nominations. In addition to his film work, Penn has engaged in political and social activism, including his criticism of the George W. Bush administration, his contact with the Presidents of Cuba and Venezuela, and his humanitarian work in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and the 2010 Haiti earthquake. <SEP> Deepak Sareen is a Bollywood film director and assistant director. His first film as director was" Ranbhoomi" and last film as director was" Albela". <SEP> Wale Adebanwi( born 1969) is a Nigerian- born first Black Rhodes Professor at St Antony's College, Oxford. <SEP> He went to America in the early 1920s and there he remained until 1933, directing more than a dozen features, mostly frothy comedies, while under contract to Paramount. His films included the last silent film made in America," The Four Feathers"( 1929) and the murder mystery" Payment Deferred"( 1933) starring British actor Charles Laughton. Lothar Mendes( 19 May 1894 – 24 February 1974) was a Jewish German- born screenwriter and film director. who began his career as an actor in Vienna and Berlin in Max Reinhardt's famous troupe.