Question: When did epinephrine stop being available in the country that contains the headquarters of the organization that recognizes the Republic of Cyprus's sovereignty?

The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. <SEP> the north atlantic treaty organization (nato / ˈneɪtoʊ /; french: organisation du traité de l'atlantique nord; otan), also called the north atlantic alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 north american and european countries. the organization implements the north atlantic treaty that was signed on 4 april 1949. nato constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its independent member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. nato's headquarters are located in haren, brussels, belgium, while the headquarters of allied command operations is near mons, belgium. <SEP> The United Nations recognises the sovereignty of the Republic of Cyprus over the entire island of Cyprus. Since 1965, following clashes between the two communities, the Turkish Cypriot seats in the House remain vacant. In 1974 Cyprus was divided de facto when the Turkish army occupied the northern third of the island. The Turkish Cypriots subsequently declared independence in 1983 as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus but were recognised only by Turkey. In 1985 the TRNC adopted a constitution and held its first elections. <SEP> By the 1890s the profound effect of adrenal extracts on many different tissue types had been discovered, setting off a search both for the mechanism of chemical signalling and efforts to exploit these observations for the development of new drugs. The blood pressure raising and vasoconstrictive effects of adrenal extracts were of particular interest to surgeons as hemostatic agents and as treatment for shock, and a number of companies developed products based on adrenal extracts containing varying purities of the active substance. In 1897 John Abel of Johns Hopkins University identified the active principle as epinephrine, which he isolated in an impure state as the sulfate salt. Injected epinephrine proved to be especially efficacious for the acute treatment of asthma attacks, and an inhaled version was sold in the United States until 2011 (Primatene Mist). Industrial chemist Jokichi Takamine later developed a method for obtaining epinephrine in a pure state, and licensed the technology to Parke Davis. Parke Davis marketed epinephrine under the trade name Adrenalin. By 1929 epinephrine had been formulated into an inhaler for use in the treatment of nasal congestion. <SEP> the reaction begins in the amygdala, which triggers a neural response in the hypothalamus. the initial reaction is followed by activation of the pituitary gland and secretion of the hormone acth. the adrenal gland is activated almost simultaneously, via the sympathetic nervous system, and releases the hormone epinephrine. the release of chemical messengers results in the production of the hormone cortisol, which increases blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppresses the immune system. the initial response and subsequent reactions are triggered in an effort to create a boost of energy. this boost of energy is activated by epinephrine binding to liver cells and the subsequent production of glucose. additionally, the circulation of cortisol functions to turn fatty acids into available energy, which prepares muscles throughout the body for response. catecholamine hormones, such as adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine), facilitate immediate physical reactions associated with a preparation for violent muscular action and: