Question: Which diseases, commonly spread by oral, anal, and vaginal intercourse, are not discussed in Ugandan abstinence-only sex education?

Abstinence, be faithful, use a condom, also known as the ABC strategy or abstinence-plus sex education, also known as abstinence-based sex education, is a sex education policy based on a combination of "risk avoidance" and harm reduction which modifies the approach of abstinence-only sex education by including education about the value of partner reduction safe sex and birth control methods.  Abstinence-only sex education is strictly to promote the sexual abstinence until marriage, and does not teach about safe sex or contraceptives.  The abstinence-based sex education program is meant to stress abstinence and include information on safe sex practices.  In general terms, this strategy of sex education is a compromise between abstinence-only education and comprehensive sex education.  The ABC approach was developed in response to the growing epidemic of HIV/AIDS in Africa, and to prevent the spread of other sexually transmitted diseases .  This approach has been credited by some with the falling numbers of those infected with AIDS in Uganda, Kenya and Zimbabwe, among others.  From 1990 to 2001 the percentage of Ugandans living with AIDS fell from 15% to between 5 and 6%.  This fall is believed to result from the employment of the ABC approach, especially reduction in the number of sex partners, called "Zero-Grazing" in Uganda. <SEP>  Abstinence-only sex education does not include joint curriculum covering other options including safe sex practices, family planning, and is espoused as the only sure way to avoid pregnancy and Sexually transmitted infections. Uganda is commonly recognized as an exemplary case of lowering the rate of HIV prevalence Prevalence figures may have also been distorted by the lack of treatment, meaning that the percentage of infected is decreased by disproportionately early deaths.  Abstinence-only sex education has been implemented and supported for this cause to a large degree in Uganda, to some controversy.  Critics have questioned its effectiveness in lowering HIV/AIDS transmission. Uganda is one of the few Sub-Saharan African countries that has adopted abstinence-only sex education as an approach of sexual education that emphasizes abstinence from sexual intercourse until marriage as the only option.  They have also highlighted discrimination, gender inequality and social stigma as the outcomes of the program in Uganda. <SEP> Sexual intercourse, or coitus or copulation, is principally the insertion and thrusting of the penis, usually when erect, into the vagina for sexual pleasure, reproduction, or both.  This is also known as vaginal intercourse or vaginal sex.  Other forms of penetrative sexual intercourse include anal sex (penetration of the anus by the penis), oral sex (penetration of the mouth by the penis or oral penetration of the female genitalia), fingering (sexual penetration by the fingers), and penetration by use of a dildo (especially a strap-on dildo).  These activities involve physical intimacy between two or more individuals and are usually used among humans solely for physical or emotional pleasure and commonly contribute to human bonding. <SEP>  Most STIs initially do not cause symptoms.  This results in a greater risk of passing the disease on to others. Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) and venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sex, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex or oral sex.  Symptoms and signs of disease may include vaginal discharge, penile discharge, ulcers on or around the genitals, and pelvic pain.  STIs acquired before or during birth may result in poor outcomes for the baby.  Some STIs may cause problems with the ability to get pregnant.