winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: My Weekly and Glamour, were started as a magazines?

In Denmark there are various magazines with different frequency types, including weekly magazines, monthly magazines and quarterly magazines.  As in other Nordic countries, the national consumer organizations publish their magazines in Denmark.  In 2007, there were nearly 68 consumer magazines in the country which were mostly owned by Danish media groups.  Of them 52 were monthly/quarterly whereas 16 were weekly.  These magazines were grouped into four main categories: general-interest magazines, opinion magazines, TV and radio guides, and professional and scientific magazines. <SEP>  It was purchased by the Thomson brothers early in the twentieth century, and was relaunched as a magazine in 1910. The publication originated as a newspaper. <SEP>  Founded in 1939 and first published in April 1939 in the United States, it was originally called "Glamour of Hollywood". Glamour is a women's magazine published by Condé Nast Publications. <SEP> In Italy there are many magazines.  The number of consumer magazines was 975 in 1995 and 782 in 2004.  There are also Catholic magazines and newspapers in the country.  A total of fifty-eight Catholic magazines was launched between 1867 and 1922.  From 1923 to 1943, the period of the Fascist Regime, only ten new Catholic magazines was started.  The period from 1943 to the end of the Second Vatican Council thirty-three new magazines were established.  Until 2010 the additional eighty-six Catholic magazines were founded.  The magazines had 3,400 million euros revenues in 2009 and 21.5% of these revenues were from advertising.
Question: Who directed the movie that Alex Lawther starred in?

Alex Lawther (born 1995) is an English actor.  He is best known for portraying the young Alan Turing in the film "The Imitation Game" (2014), which won him the London Film Critics' Circle Award for Young British Performer of the Year. <SEP> Freak Show is an American drama film directed by Trudie Styler and written by Patrick J. Clifton & Beth Rigazio, based on the novel of the same name by James St. James.  The film stars Alex Lawther, Abigail Breslin, Bette Midler, AnnaSophia Robb, Ian Nelson, Lorraine Toussaint, Willa Fitzgerald and Laverne Cox. <SEP>  It stars Benedict Cumberbatch as real-life British cryptanalyst Alan Turing, who decrypted German intelligence codes for the British government during the Second World War. The Imitation Game is a 2014 American historical drama thriller film directed by Morten Tyldum and written by Graham Moore loosely based on the biography "" by Andrew Hodges (which was previously adapted as the stage play and BBC drama "Breaking the Code").  Keira Knightley, Matthew Goode, Rory Kinnear, Charles Dance and Mark Strong also star. <SEP> Natanya Ross is an actress who is most famous for playing Robyn Russo, a regular character in "The Secret World of Alex Mack".  Ross first got her start in TV by doing a commercial for McDonald's.  She later starred in the 1995 television version of "Freaky Friday" and the movie "The Baby-Sitters Club".  Natanya also played the character Kelly in the 1999 movie "Bellyfruit".  She was last seen in a 2000 episode of "Boston Public".
Question: The Isla Vizcaíno is an island in Uruguay located on the estuary of the Yaguarí creek, the northern arm of the estuary of the Río Negro (Uruguay) of which river in South America, that flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries?

The Río de la Plata (] , "River of Silver") — rendered River Plate in British English and the Commonwealth and La Plata River (occasionally Plata River) in other English-speaking countries — is the river and estuary formed by the confluence of the Uruguay and the Paraná rivers.  It empties into the Atlantic Ocean, forming a funnel-shaped indentation on the southeastern coastline of South America.  Depending on the geographer, the "Río de la Plata" may be considered a river, an estuary, a gulf or a marginal sea.  For those who consider it a river—as is the case in most of Argentina and Uruguay—it is the widest river in the world, with a maximum width of about 220 km . <SEP>  It flows from north to south and forms parts of the boundaries of Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay, separating some of the Argentine provinces of La Mesopotamia from the other two countries. The Uruguay River (Spanish: Río Uruguay , ] ; Portuguese: Rio Uruguai , ] ) is a river in South America.  It passes between the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil; forms the eastern border of the provinces of Misiones, Corrientes, and Entre Ríos in Argentina; and makes up the western borders of the departments of Artigas, Salto, Paysandú, Río Negro, Soriano, and Colonia in Uruguay. <SEP> The pulp mill dispute was a dispute between Argentina and Uruguay concerning the construction of pulp mills on the Uruguay River.  The presidents at the time were Néstor Kirchner (Argentina) and Tabaré Vázquez (Uruguay).  As a diplomatic, economic, and public relations conflict between both parties, the dispute has also affected tourism and transportation as well as the otherwise amicable relations between the two countries.  The feud was unprecedented between the two countries, which have shared historical and cultural ties.  Proceedings were brought before the International Court of Justice as a case formally named Pulp Mills on the River Uruguay "(Argentina v. Uruguay)".  It ruled that, although Uruguay failed to inform Argentina of the operations, it did not pollute the river, so closing the pulp mill would be unjustified.  The conflict ended in 2010, during the presidencies of Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (Argentina) and José Mujica (Uruguay), with the establishment of a joint coordination of the activities in the river. <SEP> The Isla Vizcaíno is an island in Uruguay located on the estuary of the Yaguarí creek, the northern arm of the estuary of the Río Negro (Uruguay) of the Uruguay River.  It is bordered by the South Black River on the East and the Vizcaíno creek to the east, the Uruguay River to the North and the Arroyo Yaguarí on the West.
Question: Lorne Maclaine was the Feudal Baron of a castle on what Scottish isle?

A feudal earldom is a Scottish feudal title that is held "en baroneum", which means that its holder, who is called a feudal earl, is also always a feudal baron.  A feudal earldom is an ancient title of nobility in Scotland.  The holder may or may not be a Lord of Regality, which meant that the holder was appointed by the Crown and had the power of "pit and gallows", meaning the power to authorise the death sentence.  A feudal earl ranks above a feudal lord and a feudal baron (being a feudal baron of a higher degree), but below an earldom which is a title in the Peerage of Scotland.  Feudal earldoms are very rare.  A peer is invariably addressed as 'Lord Placename' or 'Lord Such-and-so', whilst those holding a feudal earldom are addressed 'Earl of Placename'.  Scottish titles, in order of precedence, are as follows: Duke, Marquis, Earl, Viscount, Lord, Baronet, Knight, feudal Baron, Clan Chief, Esquire/Gentleman.  Wallace states that "Lordships, Earldoms, Marquisates and Dukedoms differ only in name from Baronies" but continues "one whose property was erected into a Lordship ranked before a simple Baron" and "A person to whom an Earldom belonged, would be superior to a person who had no more than a lordship ... One, whose lands were incorporated into a Marquisate, was superior to both ... A man, who owned a fief elevated into a Dukedom, was exhaulted above all three."  However, Lord Stair states that Lordships or Earldoms are "but more noble titles of a Barony". <SEP>  He is the son of Captain Gillean Robert Maclaine, 25th of Lochbuie, and Noreen Olive Beadon. Lorne Gillean Iain Maclaine of Lochbuie (born 1945) is the 26th hereditary Chief of Clan Maclaine of Lochbuie and Feudal Baron of Moy.  He currently resides in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, with his wife Sandra, Lady Lochbuie. <SEP> Clan Maclaine of Lochbuie is a Scottish Clan that inhabited lands on the southern end of the Isle of Mull in the Inner Hebrides of the western Scottish Highlands.  "Maclaine" is an alternate spelling for "McLean."  Clan Maclaine of Lochbuie and Clan Maclean of Duart are two separate clans.  However, the two clans share a strong family connection.  The 26th (and current) clan chief is The Much Honoured Lorne Gillean Ian Maclaine of Lochbuie, Baron of Moy.  The clan is recognized by both the Standing Council of Scottish Chiefs and the Lord Lyon. <SEP> Moy Castle is a ruined castle near Lochbuie on the Isle of Mull, Scotland.
Question: Natalie Westling is most notable for dying her hair red for the Marc Jacobs campaign with a singer that played what character on the series "Hanna Montana"?

Bright is the self-titled fourth album by Japanese girl group Bright.  The girls adopted a sexier image for the album, posing nude for the cover as well as additional pictures in the album booklet.  Additional changes in image were Nagi dying her hair red, and Nanaka and Meg dying theirs blonde. <SEP> Natalie Westling is an American fashion model, and the star of the Spring 2014 Marc Jacobs & Saint Laurent Paris ad campaigns.  She also gained major exposure for her red-head tresses during New York Fashion Week 2014.  Westling is most notable for dying her hair red for the Marc Jacobs campaign with Miley Cyrus. <SEP> Lineisy Montero Feliz, known as Lineisy Montero is Dominican model known for her work with Prada.  She is also known for her natural Afro hair.  Models.com proclaimed that she "dominated" the S/S 2016 fashion week season as she walked in 68 different shows; including Balenciaga, Marc Jacobs, Oscar de la Renta, Roberto Cavalli, Versace and Céline. <SEP> Miley Ray Cyrus (born Destiny Hope Cyrus; November 23, 1992) is an American singer, songwriter, and actress.  After playing minor roles in the television series "Doc" and the film "Big Fish" in her childhood, she became a teen idol starring as the character Miley Stewart in the Disney Channel television series "Hannah Montana" in 2006.  Her father Billy Ray Cyrus also starred in the show.  She subsequently signed a recording contract with Hollywood Records, and her debut studio album "" (2007) was certified triple-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) having shipped over three million units.  She released her second album "Breakout" and launched her film career as a voice actress in the animated film "Bolt" in 2008.
Question: Soran Singh has hosted the program "Za Hum Pakistani Yam" with a news station that formed in what year?

Dr. Soran Singh (died 22 April 2016) was a Pakistani Sikh doctor, TV anchor, politician and Minister of Minorities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.  Before joining Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf in 2011 he was a member of Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan for nine years.  He was also member of Tehsil council, Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee and Evacuee Trust Property Board.  Soran Singh also hosted programme "Za Hum Pakistani Yam" for three and a half years with Khyber News He was great leader for our sikh and we miss him so much . <SEP> Khyber News is a satellite television station in Pakistan, which was launched in August 2007.  The channel broadcasts 24 hours a day, providing news, current affairs programs and informative programs to the Pashtun population of Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as those living in the Middle East, Europe, and Australia.  Unlike most TV stations in Pakistan, Khyber News programs are only in Pashto language and English language. <SEP> Klubrádió is a commercial talk and news radio station based in Budapest, Hungary.  Klubrádió is often labeled as the voice of the left-liberal opposition.  Many on the right and far-right find it important to emphasize what they perceive as the political bias of Klubrádió by pointing to the fact that Klubrádió has hired a liberal politician as a host since 2008.  The then-active SZDSZ MP, also former party chairman Gábor Kuncze was the Minister of Interior appointed by the liberal party, SZDSZ.  Socialist Prime Minister Ferenc Gyurcsány also hosted once a program on Klubrádió while in office.  Klubrádió was started broadcasting in April 1999, as the official radio of the Hungarian Auto Club (HAC).  After HAC sold the station to Monográf Zrt, the original programming of the Auto Club changed, and the broadcast format was completely transformed into a talk and news station. <SEP> Naseer & Shahab (Urdu: ‎ ) is a Pakistani soft alternative rock band from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.  Formed in 2010, the band rose to stardom with their debut single ""Za Pukhtoon Yam"".  The band is a duo of Naseer Afridi, who is a lead vocalist, musician and songwriter, and Shahab Qamar, a producer, director and web designer.  Naseer & Shahab release singles independently, in mainly Pashtu language, propelled to international success by social media, Naseer & Shahab's four singles ""Za Pukhtoon Yam"" (2012), ""Za Sta Pashan Na Yam"" (2012), ""Meray Yaar"" (2012) and ""Ghalti Mein Shta"" (2014), tops many charts and made them most influential and first Pashtu rock band of Pakistan.
Question: Which war in 2001 is subjectively deemed a world war?

A world war, as it is commonly understood, is a large-scale war involving many of the countries of the world or many of the most powerful and populous ones.  World wars span multiple countries on multiple continents, with battles fought in many theaters.  While a variety of global conflicts have been subjectively deemed "world wars", such as the Cold War and the War on Terror, the term is widely and generally accepted only as it is retrospectively applied to two major international conflicts that occurred during the 20th century: World War I (1914–1918) and World War II (1939–1945). <SEP> The Tank, Heavy, TOG II* was a prototype British tank design produced in the early part of the Second World War in case the battlefields of northern France devolved into a morass of mud, trenches and craters as had happened during the First World War.  When this did not happen the tank was deemed unnecessary and the project terminated. <SEP> Legacy is an Australian organisation, established in 1923 by ex-servicemen.  The organisation has the aim of caring for the dependents of deceased Australian service men and women.  The dependants of World War I, World War II, the Korean War, Malayan emergency and Vietnam War deceased are cared for.  In addition the peacekeeping operations in East Timor, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have provided ongoing work for Legacy.  Finally, any death which is deemed service-related is attended to by Legacy. <SEP> <ref name="Schmitt/slogan"> </ref> U.S. president George W. Bush first used the term ""war on terrorism"" on 16 September 2001, and then ""war on terror"" a few days later in a formal speech to Congress.  In the latter speech, George Bush stated, "Our enemy is a radical network of terrorists and every government that supports them."  The term was originally used with a particular focus on countries associated with al-Qaeda. The War on Terror (WoT), also known as the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), is a metaphor of war referring to the international military campaign that was launched by the U.S. government after the September 11 attacks in the U.S. in 2001.  The term was immediately criticised by such people as Richard B. Myers, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and more nuanced ones subsequently came to be used by the Bush administration to publicly define the international campaign led by the U.S.; it was never used as a formal designation of U.S. operations in internal government documentation.
Question: 2016 included the released of the farming simulation RPG published by which company?

Umut Tarlaları (Turkish for Fields of Hope) is the world's first "farming simulation" computer game.  The game, which was published by SiliconWorx in 1993, is of the "system strategy games" genre. <SEP>  The game was released for Microsoft Windows in February 2016, with ports for OS X, Linux, PlayStation 4 and Xbox One released later that year.  A port for Nintendo Switch is also in development and is expected to be released in 2017.  In "Stardew Valley", the player takes the role of a character that, to get away from the hustle of an office job, takes over their grandfather's dilapidated farm in a place known as Stardew Valley.  The player manages their character's time and energy levels as they clear land, plant and tend crops, raise livestock, craft goods, mine for ores, and engage in social activities, including romances leading towards marriage, with the various residents of the small town, all while earning in-game money to expand their farm. Stardew Valley is an indie farming simulation role-playing video game developed by Eric "ConcernedApe" Barone and published by Chucklefish.  The game is open-ended, allowing the player to take on activities as they see fit. <SEP> Story of Seasons: Trio of Towns, known in Japan as Bokujō Monogatari: Mittsu no Sato no Taisetsuna Tomodachi (牧場物語 3つの里の大切な友だち , lit.  Ranch Story: Good Friends of Three Villages ) is a farming simulation role-playing game developed by Marvelous for the Nintendo 3DS.  In this installment, in addition to the usual farmland which the player owns, the player is able to visit three towns, each with their own distinct culture and lifestyles.  Like the previous game it features a Super Mario collaboration, however instead of crops this time it is in the form of costumes.  The game was released in June 2016 in Japan and February 2017 in North America, and is due out in Europe and Australasia in October 2017. <SEP> The year 2016 saw releases of numerous video games, including new installments for several well-received franchises, such as "Ace Attorney", "Battlefield", "Call of Duty", "Civilization", "", "Dark Souls", "Dead Rising", "Deus Ex", "Dishonored", "Doom", "Far Cry", "FIFA", "Final Fantasy", "Fire Emblem", "Forza Horizon", "Gears of War", "Hearts of Iron", "Hitman", "Homefront", "Homeworld", "Kirby", "Mafia", "Mario Party", "Master of Orion", "Metroid", "Mirror's Edge", "Persona", "", "Pokémon", "Ratchet & Clank", "Shadow of the Beast", "Shadow Warrior", "Sonic the Hedgehog", "Star Fox", "Star Ocean", "Street Fighter", "Titanfall", "Total War", "Uncharted", "Watch Dogs", "XCOM" and "Zero Escape".  In addition, it saw the release of new intellectual properties, including "Overwatch", "Quantum Break", "Tom Clancy's The Division" and "The Last Guardian", and indie titles such as "Abzû", "Hyper Light Drifter", "Inside", "No Man's Sky", "Owlboy", "Stardew Valley" and "The Witness".  Many awards went to games such as "Overwatch", "", "Inside", "Doom", "Dark Souls III", "The Last Guardian", "Dishonored 2" and "Titanfall 2".
Question: In what city did Michael Gansey work during his time as the GM for the Canton Charge?

The Canton Charge are an American professional basketball team based in Canton, Ohio, that competes in the NBA G League.  The Charge is owned by and is the minor league affiliate of the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Its home games are held at the Canton Memorial Civic Center. <SEP> John Michael Joseph Holland (born November 6, 1988) is an American-Puerto Rican professional basketball player for the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Cavaliers' NBA G League affiliate, the Canton Charge.  He played college basketball for the Boston Terriers and represents the Puerto Rican national team. <SEP> Loren Stokes (born November 12, 1983) is an American professional basketball player from Buffalo, New York.  He was a combo guard at Hofstra University from the 2003–04 season to 2006–07.  He is 6'3" and weighs 175 lbs.  Stokes is one of six players in Hofstra Pride history to score at least 2,000 points, amassing 2,148 points over his four-year career.  A three time first team CAA player, 2004-05 all defensive CAA player, and 2006-07 CAA player of the year, Stokes was eligible for the 2007 NBA Draft, he went undrafted.  He was offered an invitation to play for the Orlando Magic in the NBA's summer league.  Stokes was playing basketball in Cyprus for APOEL, for whom he was averaging 14.4 points per game.  He has also played in Belgium and Ukraine.  In early 2011, Stokes signed with the Bay Hawks and in 2012 he was traded to the Canton Charge for Keith McLeod, but was later waived due to personal issues.  Loren Stokes is also the brother of Leonard Stokes who played basketball for the University of Cincinnati. <SEP> Michael Gansey (born December 21, 1982) is an American former professional basketball player and current basketball executive, presently serving as the assistant general manager of the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association (NBA), having previously served as the GM for the Cavaliers' NBA G League affiliate the Canton Charge.
Question: What position did the former manager of Lee Young-pyo play?

Wingate & Finchley Football Club is an English football club based in Finchley in the London Borough of Barnet.  The club are currently members of the and play at The Harry Abrahams Stadium.  Their previous manager was former Hillingdon Borough manager Gary Meakin who arrived as manager in November 2012 from Southern Football League side Northwood.  However Meakin and the club parted company in May 2013 citing both parties had different visions regarding the future of the club and was replaced by veteran player Daniel Nielsen with former manager David Norman assuming an overseeing Director of Football role. <SEP> Maarten Cornelis "Martin" Jol (born 16 January 1956) is a Dutch football manager and former midfielder. <SEP> Lee Young-pyo (Korean: 이영표 ; ] ; born 23 April 1977) is a retired South Korean footballer.  Lee was recognized for his speed and dribbling skills.  His former manager Martin Jol once called him "the best left-back in Holland". <SEP> Ghasem Zaghinejad (born 14 March 1955 in Isfahan) is an Iranian football manager who is currently assistant manager of Sepahan.  He was appointed as the head coach of Sepahan until the end of the season on 22 April 2016 after resignation of Igor Štimac.  Previously, he was the assistant coach of the club under Štimac and former manager, Hossein Faraki.  He was also in the same position from 2009 until 2011 under head coach Amir Ghalenoei.  He is a former player of Sepahan and led the club's B team, Sepahan Novin for the years and help the club to secure multiple promotions.
Question: For what network did the person who Sal Paolantonion replaced as host of "NFL Matchup" leave ESPN2 to join?

Robert Flores (born July 7, 1970) is a sports journalist, who works for MLB Network and NHL Network as a studio host for each.  Flores formerly worked at ESPN.  Joining the network in 2005, Flores was an anchor for ESPNEWS and for ESPN's "SportsCenter" (2007–2016).  Flores provided studio updates during each game of ABC College Football, and Saturday Night Football.  He also served as a substitute studio host for ESPN2's "Friday Night Fights".  Flores hosted the live afternoon edition of "SportsCenter" from noon - 3 p.m. with Chris McKendry until early September 2009, when he was replaced with John Buccigross.  He was also a substitute host for Baseball Tonight.  Flores announced on February 4, 2016 that he would be leaving ESPN after ten years. <SEP> NFL Matchup is a National Football League (NFL) preview show that airs every week during the regular season and playoffs.  In 2006, the official name was "State Farm NFL Matchup"; it has also been known as the "Edge NFL Matchup" or other variations based on the current sponsor.  As of 2017 it is known simply as the "ESPN NFL Matchup", and it is produced by NFL Films. <SEP> Sal Paolantonio (born June 13, 1956 in Long Island, New York) is a Philadelphia-based bureau reporter for ESPN, who primarily reports on NFL stories.  Since joining ESPN in 1995, Paolantonio has become a staple in their NFL coverage, as he contributes to shows such as "SportsCenter", "NFL Live", "Sunday NFL Countdown" (from a game site) and "Monday Night Countdown" (from the "Monday Night Football" site).  His best known work for ESPN was his coverage of the Terrell Owens saga with the Philadelphia Eagles during the 2004 and 2005 seasons.  In 2004, he added studio work to his duties, replacing Suzy Kolber as the host of "NFL Matchup", an X's and O's football show; joining him are Merril Hoge and Ron Jaworski.  Sal has also been an adjunct professor at St. Joseph's University in Philadelphia since 2001. <SEP> Suzanne Lisa "Suzy" Kolber ( ; born May 14, 1964) is an American football sideline reporter, co-producer, and sportscaster for ESPN.  She was one of the original anchors of ESPN2 when it launched in 1993.  Three years later, she left ESPN2 to join Fox Sports, and rejoined ESPN in late 1999.
Question: Where was the university at which Sena Jeter Naslund was the Program Director for the MFA  located? 

Sena Jeter Naslund (born June 28, 1942) is an American writer.  She is the Writer in Residence at University of Louisville and the Program Director for the MFA in Writing at Spalding University.  She has published seven novels and two collections of short fiction.  Her 1999 novel, "Ahab's Wife", and her 2003 novel, "Four Spirits", were each named a "New York Times" Notable Book of the Year.  In 2005, Governor Ernie Fletcher named Naslund Poet Laureate of Kentucky. <SEP> In 1984 he went to New York City, where he was working for ARD and RTL as freelance radio correspondent.  Afterwards from 1985 to 1989 he joined RIAS2, a radio-station in West Berlin, first as managing editor, then as deputy program director.  In 1989 he changed from the station to the commercial Radio FFH in Frankfurt where he was active as deputy program director and editor-in-chief.  In this time Radio FFH took over as market leader in Hesse radio market. <SEP> WBER is a listener and school district supported community radio station in Rochester, New York, USA, owned and operated by the Board of Cooperative Educational Services, Monroe #1.  The station was founded by BOCES in 1985.  Andrew Chinnici (also known as Chris Andrews) was the first program director, a position he held until it was taken over by the current program director, Joey Guisto.  The call letters are said to stand for BOCES Educational Radio, but the station was once known as WRHR which stood for Rush Henrietta Radio after the original licensee of the station (the Rush-Henrietta Central School District). <SEP> Spalding University is a private, co-educational university in Louisville, Kentucky affiliated with the Sisters of Charity of Nazareth.
Question: Who was born first, L. Ron Hubbard or Brad Anderson?

L. Ron Hubbard, Messiah or Madman? , is a posthumous biography of Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard written by Bent Corydon, which makes extensive use of interviews he conducted with Hubbard's son Ronald DeWolf.  Though originally published in 1987 by Lyle Stuart Inc., the book was re-issued in a paperback edition on July 25, 1992 and a hardcover edition in October 1995, both by publisher Barricade Books.  The 1995 edition also featured Brian Ambry as principal researcher.  The first edition of the book listed DeWolf as coauthor. <SEP>  After establishing a career as a writer, becoming best known for his science fiction and fantasy stories, he developed a system called Dianetics which was first expounded in book form in May 1950.  He subsequently developed his ideas into a wide-ranging set of doctrines and practices as part of a new religious movement that he called Scientology.  His writings became the guiding texts for the Church of Scientology and a number of affiliated organizations that address such diverse topics as business administration, literacy and drug rehabilitation.  The Church's dissemination of these materials led to Hubbard being listed by the "Guinness Book of World Records" as the most translated and published author in the world.  The Guinness World Record for the most audio books published for one author is also held by Hubbard. Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (March 13, 1911 – January 24, 1986), better known as L. Ron Hubbard ( ) and often referred to by his initials, LRH, was an American author and the founder of the Church of Scientology.  In 2014, Hubbard was cited by "Smithsonian" magazine as one of the 100 most significant Americans of all time, as one of the eleven religious figures on that list. <SEP> Margaret Louise "Polly" Grubb (September 22, 1907 – November 17, 1963) was the first wife of pulp fiction author and Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard, to whom she was married between 1933 and 1947.  She was the mother of Hubbard's first son, L. Ron Hubbard, Jr. and his first daughter, Katherine May "Kay" Hubbard. <SEP>  A director of thriller and horror films and television projects, he is best known for having directed "The Machinist" (2004), starring Christian Bale, and "The Call" (2013), starring Halle Berry.  He also produced and directed several installments of the FOX science fiction television series "Fringe". Brad Anderson (born 1964) is an American film director, producer and writer.
Question: Stephen Alley was allegedly involved in the murder of which Russian mystic?

Lieutenant Colonel John Dymoke Scale DSO, OBE (born 27th December 1882) was a MI6 (SIS) agent, originally from Merthyr Tydfil in Glamorgan.  He was involved in a British propaganda unit called the Anglo-Russian Commission in St Petersburg, where his responsibilities included running Mohammed Beck Hadjetlaché.  Scale served in the British Indian Army and was first sent to Russia in 1912.  He qualified as a Russian translator in 1913 and rejoined the 87th Punjabis in 1914.  In 1916, Scale served with Stephen Alley and Oswald Rayner under Mansfield Cumming at the time of the murder of Grigori Rasputin.  Whilst a Captain in St Petersburg, in the weeks leading up to the killing, Scale is recorded as having met with Oswald Rayner and Felix Yusupov in the diary of their chauffeur, William Compton.  Several other books and documentaries have claimed Scale's involvement in Rasputin's death, or even alleged that Scale commanded Rayner to fatally shoot him.  A letter from Alley to Scale provides the best evidence of British Intelligence involvement in the murder and torture that reads : <SEP> Captain Stephen Alley was an engineer and MI6 (SIS) agent born in a House of Yusupov Palace, Moscow, Russia.  He was educated in both Russia and England and became experienced in building rail transport.  Alley was alleged to be the author of a notorious letter to John Scale on 25th December 1916 that, if authentic, is claimed by BBC History to be "the best proof of British involvement in Rasputin's murder"  He is noted by many authors and documentaries for alleged involvement in the murder of Grigori Rasputin whilst working for the British Military Control Office in Saint Petersburg. <SEP> RBG Resources was a British public-limited firm based in London that was allegedly involved in a serious fraud worth close to £300 million (US$600 million).  RBG Resources made $1.1 billion in sales in 2000.  It was an affiliate of the United States based Allied Deals Inc., which was also involved in the fraud, and resulted in 14 people convicted or pleading guilty to related crimes. <SEP> Grigori Yefimovich Rasputin (Russian: Григорий Ефимович Распутин ] ) (21 January [O.S. 9 January] 1869  – 30 December [O.S. 17 December] 1916 ) was a Russian mystic and self-proclaimed holy man who befriended the family of Tsar Nicholas II and gained considerable influence in late imperial Russia.
Question: Rick Grimes is a fictional character and the protagonist in the comic book series "The Walking Dead", Grimes is a small town sheriff's deputy who has a son, Carl Grimes is a fictional character from the comic book series, and is portrayed by Chandler Riggs in the American television series of the same name, which airs on AMC, in which country?

 The character was created by writer Robert Kirkman and artist Tony Moore, and debuted in "The Walking Dead" #2 in 2003. Carl Grimes is a fictional character from the comic book series "The Walking Dead" and is portrayed by Chandler Riggs in the American television series of the same name, which airs on AMC in the United States.  In both forms of media, Carl is the son of primary protagonist Rick Grimes, and his wife Lori Grimes, and is one of the longest-surviving characters and one of the few original Atlanta survivors still alive. <SEP> The Walking Dead is an American post-apocalyptic horror television series developed by Frank Darabont for AMC that is based on the eponymous comic book series of the same name by Robert Kirkman, Tony Moore, and Charlie Adlard.  Andrew Lincoln plays the show's lead character, sheriff's deputy Rick Grimes, who awakens from a coma discovering a world overrun by zombies, commonly referred to as "walkers".  Grimes reunites with his family and becomes the leader of a group he forms with other survivors.  Together they struggle to survive and adapt in a post-apocalyptic world filled with walkers and opposing groups of survivors, who are often more dangerous than the walkers themselves.  Much of the series takes place in and around Atlanta, Georgia, and Alexandria, Virginia. <SEP> Hershel Greene is a fictional character in "The Walking Dead" whose role is depicted in the comic book, television series as portrayed by Scott Wilson and the game series.  He is the widowed owner of a farm in Georgia and has previous experience in the veterinary fields.  A devout Christian, with uncompromising morals and a stubborn attitude, Hershel remains fiercely protective of his large family, despite his many losses.  In both the comics and television series, he is initially introduced saving the life of Carl Grimes, the son of Rick Grimes after he is shot by one of Hershel's neighbors, Otis, and becomes the moral center of the group . <SEP>  Rick Grimes is a small town sheriff's deputy who has a son, Carl, with wife Lori. Rick Grimes is a fictional character and the protagonist in the comic book series "The Walking Dead" and the television series of the same name, portrayed by Andrew Lincoln.  Created by writer Robert Kirkman and artist Tony Moore, the character made his debut in "The Walking Dead" #1 in 2003.  He awakens from a coma after a life-threatening gun shot wound to find the world overrun by zombies, to which they refer as "walkers".
Question: Which publisher created this fictional supervillain that Michael Dobson voiced?

Michael Richard Dobson (born August 12, 1966) is an English-Canadian voice actor, who works for Ocean Studios and various other studios in British Columbia, Canada.  He is the brother of Paul Dobson and Brian Dobson, who are also voice actors.  He is best known for voicing Starscream in the "Transformers Unicron Trilogy" ("", "", and ""), Supreme Kai and Nappa in the Ocean dub of "Dragon Ball Z", Cobra Commander in "" and "", Blob in "", Leonardo in "", in "" and Pythor in "", as well as voicing many other characters in animated shows and anime dubs.  He owns a voice recording studio Makena Sound Ltd. in South Surrey, British Columbia. <SEP>  The character is usually depicted as an adversary of the X-Men.  A mutant originally depicted as an obese circus freak, the Blob claims to be immovable when he so desires.  He possesses an extreme amount of pliable body mass, which grants him superhuman strength.  Possessing the mindset of a bully, he mostly uses his powers for petty crime and as a member of the Brotherhood of Mutants and Freedom Force.  He is one of the most prominent, long-running mutants to be depowered as a result of the "Decimation" storyline. The Blob (Frederick J. "Fred" Dukes) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. <SEP> The Condor is an animated superhero film about a new character created by Stan Lee.  It features the voices of Wilmer Valderrama, María Conchita Alonso, Kathleen Barr, Michael Dobson, Mary Elizabeth McGlynn, and Cusse Mankuma.  Originally titled "El Lobo", it was released under the "Stan Lee Presents" banner, which is a series of direct-to-DVD animated films distributed by POW Entertainment with Anchor Bay Entertainment.  The story was by Stan Lee, with the script by former "The New Teen Titans" writer Marv Wolfman.  It is set in the same world as "Mosaic", a prior "Stan Lee Presents" film.  "The Condor" was released on DVD on March 20, 2007 and had its television premiere on Cartoon Network on March 24, 2007.  Since then, the film has been poorly received. <SEP> A Date With Luyu (also spelled A Date With Lu Yu) () is a popular Chinese television talk show that airs on Phoenix Television.  Because the show emulates the success and format of "The Oprah Winfrey Show", its host and creator, Chen Luyu, has been called "China's Oprah".  The show includes a studio audience of about 300.  The show covers a wide range of issues: interviewees range from artists and musicians such as Li Yundi, business leaders such as Robin Li, diplomatic figures such as Gary Locke (the first U.S. Ambassador to China of Chinese ancestry) academics such as Prof Michael Dobson and sports figures such as Shane Battier.  She is also willing to address controversial subjects.
Question: What is the birth date of this American writer of history and folklore of Appalachia, who wrote the Bimbos of the Death Sun?

William Byrd ( ; birth date variously given as c.1539/40 or 1543 – 4 July 1623, was an English composer of the Renaissance.  He wrote in many of the forms current in England at the time, including various types of sacred and secular polyphony, keyboard (the so-called Virginalist school), and consort music.  He produced sacred music for use in Anglican services, although he himself became a Roman Catholic in later life and wrote Catholic sacred music as well. <SEP>  McCrumb is the winner of numerous literary awards, and the author of the Elizabeth McPherson series, the Ballad series, and the St. Dale series. Sharyn McCrumb (born February 26, 1948) is an American writer whose books celebrate the history and folklore of Appalachia. <SEP> Bimbos of the Death Sun is a 1988 mystery novel by Sharyn McCrumb. <SEP> Tovma Artsruni (Armenian: Թովմա Արծրունի ; also known in English-language historiography as Thomas Artsruni; precise birth date and date of death unknown) was a ninth-century to tenth-century Armenian historian and author of the "History of the House of Artsrunik" (Armenian: Պատմություն Արծրունյաց Տան ).  Contrary to the given title, the four-volume work not only relates the history of Artsruni royal family, of which he was a member of, and its origins near Lake Van but also comprehensively covers the history of Armenia.
Question: The 2005 KNVB Cup Final included a goal by which now-manager of PSV?

Phillip John-William Cocu (] ; born 29 October 1970) is a Dutch professional football manager and former player, currently coaching PSV. <SEP> The 2013–14 PSV Eindhoven season saw PSV competing in the Eredivisie, KNVB Cup, UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Europa League.  PSV finished the season in 4th place in the Eredivisie, qualifying for the UEFA Europa League again, where knocked out of the KNVB Cup by Roda JC in the Third Round.  In Europe PSV where knocked out of the Champions League at the Play-off Round by A.C. Milan, ending up in the Europa League group stages, from which they did not progress. <SEP> The 2006 KNVB Cup Final was a football match between Ajax and PSV on 7 May 2006 at De Kuip, Rotterdam.  It was the final match of the 2005–06 KNVB Cup competition.  Ajax won 2–1, both of their goals being scored by Klaas-Jan Huntelaar.  Michael Lamey scored for PSV. <SEP> The 2005 KNVB Cup Final was a football match between Willem II and PSV on 29 May 2005 at De Kuip, Rotterdam.  It was the final match of the 2004–05 KNVB Cup competition.  With this victory, PSV clinched the double, as they had also become champions of the 2004–05 Eredivisie.  PSV won 4–0 after goals from Wilfred Bouma, Phillip Cocu, Park Ji-sung and Jan Vennegoor of Hesselink.  This was PSV's first double since the 1988–89 season.
Question: What year was the county founded that includes Big Card, Kentucky?

Big Bear Valley is a valley in San Bernardino County, California, United States.  The valley, in the San Bernardino Mountains, includes Big Bear Lake, Big Bear City, Fawnskin, Holcomb Valley, Sugarloaf, Erwin Lake, Baldwin Lake and Lake Williams. <SEP> Big Card is an unincorporated community located in Pike County, Kentucky, United States. <SEP> Rockcastle County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky.  As of the 2010 census, the population was 17,056.  Its county seat is Mt. Vernon.  The county founded in 1810 and named for the Rockcastle River which runs through it.  The river, in turn, is named for its majestic rock cliffs. <SEP> Pike County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky.  As of the 2010 census, the population was 65,024.  The county was founded in 1821.  Its county seat is Pikeville.
Question: The Alliance of Black Jews was an American organization that included, which Reconstructionist religion, that are people of mixed Jewish-African-American background, or African Americans who are both born Jewish and who have converted to Judaism?

The World Union for Progressive Judaism (WUPJ) is the international umbrella organization for the various branches of Reform, Liberal and Progressive Judaism, as well as the separate Reconstructionist Judaism.  The WUPJ is based in 40 countries with 1,275 affiliated synagogues, of which 1,170 are Reform, Progressive or Liberal and 105 Reconstructionist.  It claims to represent a total of some 1.8 million people, both registered constituents and non-member identifiers.  The WUPJ states that it aims are to create common ground between its constituents and to promote Progressive Judaism in places where individuals and groups are seeking authentic, yet modern ways of expressing themselves as Jews.  It seeks to preserve Jewish integrity wherever Jews live, to encourage integration without assimilation, to deal with modernity while preserving the Jewish experience and to strive for equal rights and social justice. <SEP>  The figure, which included Black Hebrew Israelites (not recognized as Jews by mainstream Judaism), as well as Reform, Conservative, Orthodox and Reconstructionist African-American Jews by birth or conversion, was based in part on the 1990 Jewish Population Study, which gave figures ranging from 135,000 to 260,000, depending on the definition of a Jew. The Alliance of Black Jews was an American organization that was started in Chicago, Illinois, in 1995 by a group of African Americans who self-identified as Jews and Black Hebrews.  At the time, they estimated that there were about 200,000 black Jews in the United States. <SEP> African-American Jews are people of mixed Jewish-African-American background or African Americans who are both born Jewish and who have converted to Judaism. <SEP> American Jews, or Jewish Americans, are Americans who are Jews, whether by religion, ethnicity or nationality.  The current Jewish community in the United States consists primarily of Ashkenazi Jews, who comprise about 90% of the American Jewish population.  Most American Ashkenazim are US-born, with a dwindling number of now elderly earlier immigrants, as well as some more recent foreign-born immigrants.  During the colonial era, prior to the mass immigration of Ashkenazim, Spanish and Portuguese Jews represented the bulk of America's then small Jewish population, and while their descendants are a minority today, they along with an array of other Jewish communities represented the remainder of American Jews, including other more recent Sephardic Jews, Mizrahi Jews, various other ethnically Jewish communities, as well as a smaller number of converts to Judaism.  The American Jewish community manifests a wide range of Jewish cultural traditions, encompassing the full spectrum of Jewish religious observance.
Question: Who is the town Gouldsboro, home to the unincorporated village of Birch Harbor, named after?

 The community is located along Maine State Route 186 22 mi east-southeast of Ellsworth. Birch Harbor is an unincorporated village in the town of Gouldsboro, Hancock County, Maine, United States.  Birch Harbor has a post office with ZIP code 04613, which opened on March 26, 1880. <SEP> Gouldsboro is a town and municipality in Hancock County, Maine, United States on the Schoodic Peninsula.  The town has many historically separate fishing villages, summer colonies and communities, including Birch Harbor, Prospect Harbor, South Gouldsboro, West Gouldsboro, Summer Harbour, Wonsqueak Harbour, Bunker's Harbour, Chicken Mill, Jones' Pond, Westbay, and Corea.  The town was named for Robert Gould, a landholder in the town.  The population was 1,737 at the 2010 census. <SEP> The West Gouldsboro Village Library is a historic former library building in Gouldsboro, Maine.  Located in West Gouldsboro, this building, designed by Fred L. Savage and built in 1907, is one of the only libraries in Maine built in the Tudor Revival style.  It served as a library from 1907 to 1956, and again for a period beginning in 1990.  The town's library services are currently provided by the Dorcas Library in Prospect Harbor.  This building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. <SEP> Kirkfield is a village located in the city of Kawartha Lakes, in the Canadian province of Ontario.  The unincorporated village was named in 1864 after the initial name, "Novar", was rejected by the government.  A list of 8 possible choices was then offered.  The village, being predominantly Scottish at the time, chose "Kirkfield", after Kirk' o' Field in Edinburgh.  It is home to Lock 36 of the Trent-Severn Waterway, a hydraulic lift lock which connects Canal Lake and the artificially flooded Mitchell Lake.  And is also home to Lady Mackenzie Public School which contains an average of about 450 students and 25 staff and faculty.  Travellers and commuters pass through Kirkfield regularly while travelling on Highway 48 (Now Portage Road) west towards Highway 12 and east towards Highway 35.