winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which position in the us military must you be in to be eligible for the achievement medal?

The Medal for Defence Service Abroad (Norwegian: "Forsvarets Innsatsmedalje" ) is a military medal of Norway.  Established 1 January 1993, the medal was originally a participant medal awarded for service during military operations that took place in the 1990s.  The subsequent establishment of the Medal for Defence Operations Abroad rendered this medal obsolete.  However, in 2009 the medal was reintroduced as an achievement medal .  The medal was awarded for distinguished bravery and courage, beyond what is normally required during combat operations.  The medal's color was changed from bronze to gold, and the ribbons of the medal would vary, depending on the area of operations.  During this period of award the medal was always awarded with a rosette.  Finally, in 2012 the medal was further changed to a single ribbon design for all awards.  The medal may be awarded with rosette for particularly meritorious distinction. <SEP>  The Achievement Medal was first proposed as a means to recognize the contributions of junior officers and enlisted personnel who were not eligible to receive the higher Commendation Medal or the Meritorious Service Medal. The Achievement Medal is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. <SEP> The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States of America.  It consists of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard.  The President of the United States is the U.S. Armed Forces's overall head, and helps form military policy with the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) and U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), both federal executive departments, acting as the principal organs by which military policy is carried out.  All five armed services are among the seven uniformed services of the United States. <SEP> Kevin Anthony Ford (born July 7, 1960) is a retired United States Air Force Colonel and a NASA astronaut.  Ford has received a number of special honors and awards, some of which are the Air Force Meritorious Service Medal, Air Force Commendation Medal, Aerial Achievement Medal and the Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal.  Ford has also logged more than 5,000 flying hours and also holds FAA commercial certificates for airplanes, helicopters and gliders.  Ford has served in many roles at NASA since his selection in July 2000.  The roles include as a Capsule Communicator or CAPCOM.  He was also the Director Of Operations at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City, Russia from January 2004 to January 2005.  He was pilot of STS-128 and Flight Engineer 2 of Soyuz TMA-06M from October 23, 2012 to March 16, 2013.
Question: When was the constituency which its by-election was on15 November 1956 created 

The Aberdare by-election, 1946 was a parliamentary by-election held on 5 December 1946 for the British House of Commons constituency of Aberdare in Wales.  The seat had become vacant when the Labour Member of Parliament (MP) George Hall had been created Viscount Hall on 28 October 1946.  Hall had held the seat since the 1922 general election.  The Labour candidate, David Thomas held the seat for the party.  He remained the constituency's MP until his death in 1954, when a further by-election was held. <SEP> Bishop Isidore Borecky (Ukrainian: Ісидор Ілярій Борецький ; 1 October 1911 in Ostrivets, Austro-Hungarian Empire (present day in Terebovlia Raion, Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine) – 23 July 2003 in Toronto, Canada) was a Ukrainian-born Canadian Ukrainian Greek Catholic hierarch.  He served as the Titular Bishop of Amathus (until 3 November 1956) and the first Eparchial Bishop of the new created Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Toronto from 17 January 1948 until his retirement on 16 June 1998 (until 10 March 1951 with title of Apostolic Exarch of Eastern Canada; and until 3 November 1956 with title of Apostolic Exarch of Toronto). <SEP> The City of Chester is a constituency created in 1545 (turned into a county division in 1885 and reformed in narrowed geographical guise in 1918) and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2015 by Chris Matheson of the Labour Party. <SEP> The City of Chester by-election of 15 November 1956 was held after the appointment of Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Basil Nield as Recorder of Manchester.
Question: What is a private research university in Worcester, Massachusetts, focusing on the instruction and research of technical arts and applied sciences, Worcester Polytechnic Institute or Ohio Northern University?

Claude W. Pettit College of Law, commonly referred to as ONU Law, is a private, non-profit law school located in Ada, Ohio.  Also known as the Ohio Northern University Pettit College of Law or ONU College of Law, it is the law school of Ohio Northern University, founded in 1871. <SEP> Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) is a private research university in Worcester, Massachusetts, focusing on the instruction and research of technical arts and applied sciences. <SEP>  ONU is accredited by The Higher Learning Commission and the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools. Ohio Northern University is a private, United Methodist Church-affiliated university located in the United States in Ada, Ohio, founded by Henry Solomon Lehr in 1871.  ONU is a sister university with Dankook University, a private university in Seoul, South Korea.  In 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2013 "U.S. News & World Report" listed Ohio Northern as Regional Universities (Midwest), #2. <SEP> The Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT) is a polytechnic and applied sciences institute located in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  NAIT provides careers programs in applied research, technical training, applied education, and learning designed to meet the demands of Alberta's technical and knowledge-based industries.  NAIT offers approximately 140 credit programs leading to applied degrees, diplomas and certificates.  There are approximately 8,400 full-time students, 20,500 students in continuing education and part-time studies, 12,300 apprentices anticipated for 2012, and more than 20,000 registrants for customized corporate based training.  NAIT also attracts international students from 77 countries.  NAIT is similar to an Institute of technology or university of applied sciences as termed in other jurisdictions.  The university press, The Nugget, is a member of CUP.
Question: The Man in the Iron Mask is considered a sequel to a historical novel by Alexandre Dumas that translates to what in French?

There have been several films that have had the title The Man in the Iron Mask, or that have been based on the final section of the novel "The Vicomte de Bragelonne" by Alexandre Dumas, père, which was itself based on the 18th century legend of the Man in the Iron Mask.  The plot often involves D'Artagnan and the Three Musketeers and an identical twin brother of King Louis XIV of France, and it is considered a sequel to "The Three Musketeers". <SEP> The Three Musketeers (French: "Les Trois Mousquetaires" ] ) is a historical novel by Alexandre Dumas. <SEP> Twenty Years After (French: "Vingt ans après" ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas, first serialized from January to August 1845.  A book of "The d'Artagnan Romances", it is a sequel to "The Three Musketeers" and precedes "The Vicomte de Bragelonne" (which includes the sub-plot "Man in the Iron Mask"). <SEP> The Vicomte of Bragelonne: Ten Years Later (French: "Le Vicomte de Bragelonne ou Dix ans plus tard" ] ) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas.  It is the third and last of "The d'Artagnan Romances", following "The Three Musketeers" and "Twenty Years After".  It appeared first in serial form between 1847 and 1850.  In the English translations, the 268 chapters of this large volume are usually subdivided into three, but sometimes four or even five individual books.  In three-volume English editions the volumes are entitled "The Vicomte de Bragelonne", "Louise de la Vallière", and "The Man in the Iron Mask".  Each volume is roughly the length of the original "The Three Musketeers".  In four-volume editions volume names remain except that "Louise de la Vallière" and "The Man in the Iron Mask" move from second and third volumes to third and fourth, with "Ten Years Later" becoming the second volume.  There are usually no volume-specific names in five-volume editions.
Question: Was Basil Bunting or Hannah Arendt born first?

 Her 18 books and numerous articles, ranging from works on totalitarianism to thinking and judging, greatly influence political philosophy to this day. Johanna "Hannah" Arendt ( or ; ] ; 14 October 1906 – 4 December 1975) was a German-born American political theorist.  Arendt is widely considered one of the most important thinkers of the twentieth century. <SEP> Elisabeth Young-Bruehl (March 3, 1946 – December 1, 2011), born Elisabeth Bulkley Young, was an American academic and psychotherapist, who from 2007 until her death resided in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  She published a wide range of books, most notably biographies of Hannah Arendt and Anna Freud.  Her 1982 biography of Hannah Arendt won the first Harcourt Award while "The Anatomy of Prejudices" won the Association of American Publishers' prize for Best Book in Psychology in 1996.  She was a member of the Toronto Psychoanalytic Society and co-founder of Caversham Productions, a company that makes psychoanalytic educational materials. <SEP>  He had a lifelong interest in music that led him to emphasise the sonic qualities of poetry, particularly the importance of reading poetry aloud. Basil Cheesman Bunting (1 March 1900 – 17 April 1985) was a significant British modernist poet whose reputation was established with the publication of "Briggflatts" in 1966.  He was an accomplished reader of his own work. <SEP> Briggflatts is a long poem by Basil Bunting published in 1966.  The work is subtitled "An Autobiography."  The title "Briggflatts" comes from the name of Brigflatts Meeting House (spelled with one "g" in Quaker circles) in a Quaker Friends meeting house near Sedbergh in Cumbria, England.  Bunting visited Brigflatts as a schoolboy when the family of one of his schoolfriends lived there, and it was at this time that he developed a strong attachment to his friend's sister, Peggy Greenbank, to whom the poem is dedicated.  It was first read in public on 22 December 1965 at the Morden Tower, and published in 1966 by Fulcrum Press.  Bunting also wrote another poem with "Briggflatts" in its title, the short work "At Briggflatts meetinghouse" (1975).
Question: The USS Luiseno was named after the tribe of Native Americans with how many cultural/linguistic divisions?

Native Americans in the United States have historically had extreme difficulty with the use of alcohol.  Problems continue among contemporary Native Americans; 12% of the deaths among Native Americans and Alaska Natives are alcohol-related.  Use of alcohol varies by age, gender and tribe with women, and older women in particular, being least likely to be regular drinkers.  Native Americans, particularly women, are more likely to abstain entirely from alcohol than the general US population.  Frequency of use among Native Americans is generally less than the general population, but the quantity consumed when it is consumed is generally greater. <SEP> USS "Luiseno" (ATF-156) was an "Abnaki"-class fleet ocean tug built for the United States Navy during World War II.  Named after the Luiseño peoples (the southernmost division of the Shoshone Indians of California, who received their name from Mission San Luis Rey de Francia, the most important Spanish mission in their territory), she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name. <SEP> The Shoshone or Shoshoni ( or ) are a Native American tribe with four large cultural/linguistic divisions: <SEP> Native Americans in the American Civil War saw Native American individuals, bands, tribes, and nations participate in numerous skirmishes and battles.  Native Americans served in both the Union and Confederate military during the American Civil War.  They were found in the Eastern, Western, and Trans-Mississippi Theaters.  At the outbreak of the war, for example, the majority of the Cherokees sided with the Union, but soon after allied with the Confederacy.  Native Americans fought knowing they might jeopardize their sovereignty, unique cultures, and ancestral lands if they ended up on the losing side of the Civil War.  28,693 Native Americans served in the Union and Confederate armies during the Civil War, participating in battles such as Pea Ridge, Second Manassas, Antietam, Spotsylvania, Cold Harbor, and in Federal assaults on Petersburg.
Question: Playing in the 1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup-Men's Singles, who is considered one of the most charismatic players?

The 1998 Compaq Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany.  The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), which invited the best-performing players in the year's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup. <SEP> Andre Kirk Agassi ( ; born April 29, 1970) is an American retired professional tennis player and former World No. 1 who was one of the sport's most dominant players from the early 1990s to the mid-2000s.  Generally considered by critics and fellow players to be one of the greatest tennis players of all time, Agassi has been called the greatest service returner in the history of the game.  As a result, he is credited for helping to revive the popularity of tennis during the 1990s.  Described by the BBC upon his retirement as "perhaps the biggest worldwide star in the sport's history", Agassi compiled performances that, along with his unorthodox apparel and attitude, saw him cited as one of the most charismatic players in history. <SEP> Marcelo Ríos won in the final 6–4, 2–6, 7–6, 5–7, 6–3 against Andre Agassi.  It was Ríos' 6th title of the year and the 11th of his career. <SEP> Li Na (; ; born 26 February 1982) is a retired Chinese professional tennis player, who achieved a career-high WTA-ranking of world No. 2 on 17 February 2014.  Over the course of her career, Li won seven WTA singles titles and two Grand Slam singles titles at the 2011 French Open and 2014 Australian Open.  Li's rise to prominence came after those victories, which made her the first and only Grand Slam singles champion from East Asia and Asia as a whole.  Prior to this, she had already become the first player representing an East Asian and Asian country to appear in a Grand Slam singles final, a milestone she achieved at the 2011 Australian Open.  Li was also the runner-up at the 2013 Australian Open and 2013 WTA Tour Championships, a three-time quarterfinalist at Wimbledon and a semifinalist at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and 2013 US Open.  Among her other most notable accolades, she was the first Chinese player to win a WTA tour title at the Guangzhou International Women's Open in 2004, the first to reach a Grand Slam singles quarterfinal at the 2006 Wimbledon Championships, and the first to break into the world's top 10.  Her feats have sparked a major population growth of tennis players in East Asia, earning her the reputation as the region's tennis pioneer and trailblazer.
Question: What is the nationality of the founder of a family-owned chain?

 The company is privately owned and headquartered in The Village, Oklahoma, a suburb of Oklahoma City.  Love's is currently ranked No. 14 on the Forbes list of America's largest private companies.  Love's has two primary kinds of stores: country stores and travel stops.  Country stores are fueling stations with a convenience store attached.  The larger travel stops are located along highways and offer additional amenities such as food from restaurant chains like Subway, Arby's, Baskin Robbins, Bojangles', Burger King, Chester's, Dairy Queen, Del Taco, Denny's, Dunkin' Donuts, Friendly's, Godfather's Pizza, Green Burrito, Hardee's, IHOP Express, McDonald's, Sonic, Carl's Jr., Taco Bell, Taco John's, Wendy's, trucking supplies, showers and RV dump stations. Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores (commonly referred to as Love's) is a family-owned chain of more than 430 truck stop and convenience stores in 41 states.  Love's has approximately 17,000 employees. <SEP> Kuhn's Quality Foods Markets is a family-owned chain of grocery stores located in the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania area of the United States. <SEP> Bartell Drugs is a family-owned chain of pharmacies in the Puget Sound area of the U.S. state of Washington.  It primarily serves the Seattle/King County area but also has stores in neighboring Snohomish and Pierce Counties.  It claims to be "the nation’s oldest family-owned drugstore chain"; the founder's grandson, George D. Bartell, serves as Chairman and held the role of CEO until 2015.  Former REI executive Brian Unmacht became CEO in 2015, the first non-family member CEO in the company's history.  The founder's granddaughter, Jean Barber, serves as Vice Chairman and Treasurer. <SEP> Thomas E. Love (born October 1937) is an American entrepreneur.  He is the owner, founder and executive chairman of Love's Travel Stops & Country Stores.
Question: What kind of audience numbers does the work that inspired The Black Halo have?

"Hollyoaks" began airing on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom on 23 October 1995.  The target audience was that of teenagers and it initially dramatised the lives of seven of that age group who lived in Hollyoaks, a fictional suburb in the city of Chester in Cheshire, England.  Originally broadcast as one episode per week, in 2011 it is being shown five times weekly.  Audience numbers have varied over its lifespan, with viewing figures well below one million being contrasted with highs of four million. <SEP> Epica is the sixth full-length album by the American power metal band Kamelot, released on March 3, 2003 through Noise Records.  It was the first concept album by Kamelot.  This album, along with its sequel "The Black Halo" (2005), is a rock opera inspired by the story of Goethe's Faust.  Epica tells Part 1 while The Black Halo tells Part 2.  (Goethe's Faust has two parts.)  Most of the lyrics were written before the actual music was composed.  The album inspired the naming of the band Epica after its release. <SEP> Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's Faust is a tragic play in two parts usually known in English as "Faust, Part One" and "Faust, Part Two".  "Faust" is considered by many to be Goethe's "magnum opus" and the greatest work of German literature.  Although rarely staged in its entirety, it is the play with the largest audience numbers on German-language stages. <SEP> The Black Halo is the highly acclaimed, seventh full-length album by the American power metal band Kamelot.  It was released on March 15, 2005, through Steamhammer Records.  Continuing the story introduced in "Epica" (2003), it is the second and final record in Kamelot's two-part rock opera about Ariel (a character based on Heinrich Faust).  Epica tells Part 1 while The Black Halo tells Part 2.  Goethe's Faust is also broken into two parts.  The Black Halo features guest appearances by Simone Simons (Epica), Shagrath (Dimmu Borgir), Jens Johansson (Stratovarius), and several others.  The album was released on vinyl in the spring of 2009, along with "Ghost Opera" (2007).  It is a concept album inspired by Goethe's Faust.
Question: What movie was produced first, Muppet Treasure Island or Honey, I Shrunk the Kids?

Muppet Treasure Island is a 1996 American musical adventure comedy film based on Robert Louis Stevenson's "Treasure Island".  It is the fifth feature film to star The Muppets, and was directed by Brian Henson. <SEP> Honey, I Shrunk the Kids is a 1989 American comic science fiction film.  The directorial debut of Joe Johnston and produced by Walt Disney Pictures, it tells the story of an inventor who accidentally shrinks his and his neighbor's kids to a quarter of an inch with his electromagnetic shrinking machine and throws them out into the backyard with the trash, where they must venture into their backyard to return home while fending off insects and other obstacles. <SEP> Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show (truncated to Honey, I Shrunk the Kids in the show's title sequence) is an American syndicated comic science fiction sitcom based on the 1989 film, "Honey, I Shrunk the Kids".  It expands upon the original film's concept of a shrinking experiment gone wrong to include a myriad of experiments gone awry.  It debuted in syndication on September 1, 1997 and ran for three consecutive seasons, concluding with the 66th episode on May 20, 2000. <SEP> Honey, We Shrunk Ourselves is a 1997 live-action direct-to-video sequel to "Honey, I Shrunk the Kids" and "Honey, I Blew Up the Kid".  It is the third and final installment in the "Honey, I Shrunk the Kids" trilogy.  The directorial debut of cinematographer Dean Cundey and released through Walt Disney Home Video, it tells the story of inventor Wayne Szalinski as he accidentally shrinks his wife, brother, sister-in-law, and himself with his electromagnetic shrink ray.
Question: King Uncle is a 1993 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film, it  was inspired from the English film Annie in which year, it is an American musical film adapted from the Broadway musical of the same name,?

Best Foot Forward is a 1943 American musical film adapted from the 1941 Broadway musical comedy of the same title.  The film was released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, directed by Edward Buzzell, and starred Lucille Ball, William Gaxton, Virginia Weidler, Chill Wills, June Allyson, Gloria DeHaven, and Nancy Walker. <SEP> King Uncle is a 1993 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Rakesh Roshan.  The film stars Jackie Shroff, Shahrukh Khan, Anu Agarwal, Paresh Rawal, Pooja Ruparel, Deven Verma ,Nagma and Saleem Yousuf Hakroo from Kashmir in pivotal roles.  The film was inspired from the 1982 English film "Annie" that starred Aileen Marie Quinn and Albert Finney, which in turn is based upon the 1924 comic strip "Little Orphan Annie" by Harold Gray. <SEP>  The film was directed by John Huston, scripted by Carol Sobieski, and stars Albert Finney, Carol Burnett, Ann Reinking, Tim Curry, Bernadette Peters, Geoffrey Holder, Edward Herrmann, and Aileen Quinn in her film debut. Annie is a 1982 American musical film adapted from the Broadway musical of the same name by Charles Strouse, Martin Charnin and Thomas Meehan, which in turn is based on "Little Orphan Annie", the 1924 comic strip by Harold Gray.  Set during the Great Depression, the film tells the story of Annie, an orphan from New York City who is taken in by America's richest billionaire Oliver Warbucks.  Filming took place for six weeks at Monmouth University in New Jersey. <SEP> Annie is a 2014 American musical comedy-drama film directed by Will Gluck and produced by Village Roadshow Pictures and Will Smith's Overbrook Entertainment for Sony Pictures' Columbia Pictures.  A contemporary adaptation of the 1977 Broadway musical of the same name, the film stars Quvenzhané Wallis, Jamie Foxx, Rose Byrne, Bobby Cannavale, and Cameron Diaz.  The third film adaptation, following Columbia's 1982 theatrical film and Disney's 1999 television film, "Annie" began production in August 2013 and opened on December 19, 2014 to generally negative reviews, and was not a box office success, grossing only $133 million against a below-line production cost of over $65 million.
Question: When is the team that David Simón Rodríguez Santana plays for founded?

Universidad Nacional Experimental Simón Rodríguez is a university in Caracas founded in 1974. <SEP> David Simón Rodríguez Santana (born 16 December 1988), known as David Simón, is a Spanish footballer who plays for UD Las Palmas as a right back. <SEP> Unión Deportiva Las Palmas, S.A.D. is a Spanish football team based in Las Palmas, in the autonomous community of Canary Islands.  Founded on 22 August 1949, it plays in La Liga, holding home games at the Estadio Gran Canaria, with a capacity of 33,111 seats. <SEP> "Verão Vermelho" is a song by Santana which came off the album "Festival".  Carlos Santana pays homage to Brazilian singer, Elis Regina.  This song features some excellent acoustic guitar with The Waters Family backing vocalists (Julia, Oren, and Maxine Willard Waters) singing the meaningless words, ”Badadup, badadup, badadup, ba pa pa ba pa pa.”  It is carried along by a marching drum beat and maracas. Santana plays a flamenco guitar solo during the intro and at the conclusion.  This is a first for him.  The flamenco guitar solo during the coda is accompanied by a keyboard flourish by Tom Coster.
Question: Are Rainer Maria Rilke and Marguerite Yourcenar both novelists?

 Winner of the "Prix Femina" and the Erasmus Prize, she was the first woman elected to the Académie française, in 1980, and the seventeenth person to occupy seat 3. Marguerite Yourcenar (] ; 8 June 1903 – 17 December 1987) was a French novelist and essayist born in Brussels, Belgium, who became a US citizen in 1947. <SEP> The Sonnets to Orpheus (German: Die Sonette an Orpheus ) are a cycle of 55 sonnets written in 1922 by the Bohemian-Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926).  It was first published the following year.  Rilke, who is "widely recognized as one of the most lyrically intense German-language poets," wrote the cycle in a period of three weeks experiencing what he described a "savage creative storm."  Inspired by the news of the death of Wera Ouckama Knoop (1900–1919), a playmate of Rilke's daughter Ruth, he dedicated them as a memorial, or "Grab-Mal " (literally "grave-marker"), to her memory. <SEP>  Several critics have described Rilke's work as inherently "mystical".  His writings include one novel, several collections of poetry, and several volumes of correspondence in which he invokes haunting images that focus on the difficulty of communion with the ineffable in an age of disbelief, solitude, and profound anxiety.  These deeply existential themes tend to position him as a transitional figure between the traditional and the modernist writers. René Karl Wilhelm Johann Josef Maria Rilke (4 December 1875 – 29 December 1926)—better known as Rainer Maria Rilke (] )—was a Bohemian-Austrian poet and novelist, "widely recognized as one of the most lyrically intense German-language poets", writing in both verse and highly lyrical prose. <SEP> The Duino Elegies (German: "Duineser Elegien" ) are a collection of ten elegies written by the Bohemian-Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke (1875–1926).  Rilke, who is "widely recognized as one of the most lyrically intense German-language poets," began writing the elegies in 1912 while a guest of Princess Marie von Thurn und Taxis (1855–1934) at Duino Castle, near Trieste on the Adriatic Sea.  The poems, 859 lines long in total, were dedicated to the Princess upon their publication in 1923.  During this ten-year period, the elegies languished incomplete for long stretches of time as Rilke suffered frequently from severe depression—some of which was caused by the events of World War I and being conscripted into military service.  Aside from brief episodes of writing in 1913 and 1915, Rilke did not return to the work until a few years after the war ended.  With a sudden, renewed inspiration—writing in a frantic pace he described as a "boundless storm, a hurricane of the spirit"—he completed the collection in February 1922 while staying at Château de Muzot in Veyras, in Switzerland's Rhone Valley.  After their publication in 1923 and Rilke's death in 1926, the "Duino Elegies" were quickly recognized by critics and scholars as his most important work.
Question: In what year was the chemist who founded Mond gas born?

 He discovered an important, previously-unknown class of compounds called metal carbonyls. Ludwig Mond (7 March 1839 – 11 December 1909) was a German-born chemist and industrialist who took British nationality. <SEP> Comgás is a Brazilian gas distributor focused on São Paulo state.  It is Brazil's biggest gas distributor, with around 1,6 million residential, commercial and industrial customers, as of 2016, who receive gas through about 14.000 km of pipelines.  Comgás was founded in 1872.  The company had been wholly owned by the São Paulo state-owned power generation utility, "Companhia Energética de São Paulo" until April 1999, when CESP's stake was sold to the British BG Group and to Royal Dutch Shell.  Comgas sells gas under a 30 year franchise, with a potential for a further 20 years. <SEP> The Claus process is the most significant gas desulfurizing process, recovering elemental sulfur from gaseous hydrogen sulfide.  First patented in 1883 by the chemist Carl Friedrich Claus, the Claus process has become the industry standard.  C. F. Claus was born in Kassel in the German State of Hessen in 1827, and studied chemistry in Marburg before he emigrated to England in 1852.  Claus died in London in the year 1900. <SEP> Mond gas is a cheap coal gas that was used for industrial heating purposes.  Coal gases are made by decomposing coal through heating it to a high temperature.  The gas was named after its founder, Ludwig Mond.  Coal gases were the primary source of gas fuel during the 1940s and 1950s until the adoption of natural gas.  They were used for lighting, heating, and cooking, typically being supplied to households through pipe distribution systems.
Question: Neozapatismo is an ideology based on the beliefs of a leading figure in what event?

Pedro Juan Caballero (] ; 1786–1821) was a leading figure of Paraguayan independence.  He was born in Tobatí, a town located Cordillera Department of Paraguay which was then part of the Spanish Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata.  He was one of the major leaders of the Revolution of May 14, 1811, despite being six years younger than the leading figure of Independence period Fulgencio Yegros and 20 years younger than the future dictator of Paraguay José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia.  In 1820 he was accused of being involved in the conspiracy against Francia, and committed suicide in his cell on July 13, 1821.  The Paraguayan city of Pedro Juan Caballero is named after him. <SEP> Keo Meas (1926–1976) was a Cambodian communist politician.  Keo Meas, then a fourth-year student at the Phnom Penh Teachers Training College was recruited to the Indochinese Communist Party by Son Sichan in 1946.  In 1950, he became a leading figure within the United Issarak Front.  At the same time he was a leading figure in the Phnom Penh city unit of the ICP. <SEP> Neozapatismo or Neozapatism (sometimes mislabeled as Zapatismo) is the Mexican ideology behind movements such as the Zapatista Army of National Liberation.  The official anthem of Neozapatismo and the Zapatista territories is the Himno Zapatista.  Neozapatismo is the ideology of the Zapatistas, who govern a small territory in Chiapas and have since the beginning of the Chiapas conflict.  Neozapatismo has no official founder, but its thoughts are mainly attributed to Subcomandante Insurgente Galeano (formerly Subcomandante Marcos) and Emiliano Zapata.  The Neozapatista ideology is believed to be derived largely from libertarian socialism, libertarian Marxism (including autonomism), social anarchism, anarcho-communism, anarcho-collectivism, anarcho-syndicalism, communalism, direct democracy, and radical democracy.  The ideology is based on anarchism, Mayan tradition, Marxism, the thoughts of Emiliano Zapata, and the thoughts of Subcomandante Insurgente Galeano. <SEP> Emiliano Zapata Salazar (] ; 8 August 1879 – 10 April 1919) was a leading figure in the Mexican Revolution, the main leader of the peasant revolution in the state of Morelos, and the inspiration of the agrarian movement called "Zapatismo".
Question: Yahya Abdul-Mateen II will appear in a film about what circus?

 He also starred in "Baywatch" (2017), and will appear in "The Greatest Showman" and DC's "Aquaman". Yahya Abdul-Mateen II is an American actor, best known for his role Cadillac in the television series "The Get Down". <SEP> The Greatest Showman is an upcoming American biographical musical drama film directed by Michael Gracey, and written by Jenny Bicks and Bill Condon.  It stars Hugh Jackman, Zac Efron, Michelle Williams, Rebecca Ferguson and Zendaya, and tells the story of how P. T. Barnum started the Barnum & Bailey Circus.  The film is scheduled to be released by 20th Century Fox on December 25, 2017 in United States. <SEP> A flea circus is a circus sideshow attraction in which fleas are attached (or appear to be attached) to miniature carts and other items, and encouraged to perform circus acts within a small housing. <SEP> Aquaman is an upcoming American superhero film based on the DC Comics character of the same name, distributed by Warner Bros.  Pictures.  It is intended to be the sixth installment in the DC Extended Universe (DCEU).  The film is being directed by James Wan, with a screenplay by Will Beall, from a story by Wan and Geoff Johns, and stars Jason Momoa, Amber Heard, Patrick Wilson, Willem Dafoe, Yahya Abdul-Mateen II, Temuera Morrison, Dolph Lundgren, and Nicole Kidman.
Question: What railroad company acquired the Johnsonburg, Kane, Warren and Irvine Railroad?

The Fall River, Warren and Providence Railroad was a railroad in southeastern Massachusetts and Rhode Island connecting the city of Fall River, Massachusetts with Warren, Rhode Island.  It incorporated in 1862 as a merger of the "Warren and Fall River Railroad Company" of Rhode Island and the "Fall River and Warren Railroad Company" of Massachusetts.  The railroad line itself was not completed until 1865.  It ran for 8.0 miles from the Providence, Warren and Bristol Railroad line in Warren, Rhode Island to Somerset, Massachusetts, directly across the Taunton River from Fall River. <SEP> The Boot Hill and Western Railway (abbreviated to BHWY), is a railway between Dodge City and Wilroads in Kansas owned by the Boot Hill and Western Railway Company.  It consists of a single track section, about 42 kilometers long.  It mainly transported agricultural products and had two interchanges, one with the BNSF Railway and another with the Cimarron Valley Railroad.  The railway was given an exemption notice in 2005.  Transport between Bucklin and Wilroads stopped in Autumn 2005 due to a lack of traffic, it has only operated eight trains since September 2000.  The Boot Hill and Western Railway Company acquired part ownership of the track in September 2000 from the previous owner, the Dodge City Ford and Bucklin Railroad Company.  It previously had a role in the interconnection with the Bucklin Union Pacific Railroad. <SEP> The Johnsonburg, Kane, Warren and Irvine Railroad (reporting mark JKWI) was a railroad company in Pennsylvania, United States, formed on May 24, 1982, by Sloan Cornell who also owned the Knox and Kane Railroad.  The JKWI was the designated operator of the Irvine, Warren, Kane & Johnsonburg Railroad, that was a partnership of Brock Railroad (a wholly owned subsidiary of Warren Car Company), Irvine Railroad (a wholly owned subsidiary of National Forge Company) and Struthers Wells Inter-American Corporation (a subsidiary of Struthers Wells), all three being Pennsylvania corporations, and had acquired from Conrail the following railroad line segments: MP 58.52 to MP 66.7 (Irvine to Warren) and MP 92.5 to MP 111.0 (Kane to Johnsonburg). <SEP>  Conrail, a portmanteau of "consolidated" and "rail" from the name of the company, operates now as a joint-subsidiary for some limited functions. Conrail, the Consolidated Rail Corporation, (reporting mark CR) , was the primary Class I railroad in the Northeastern United States between 1976 and 1999, when its routes were split between the CSX Corporation and Norfolk Southern Railway.
Question: In what state is the Grand's Plankinton Arcade shopping plaza located?

The Shops of Grand Avenue (colloquially referred to as "Grand Avenue" or simply "The Grand") is an urban shopping plaza that spans three city blocks in the downtown neighborhood of Westown in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. <SEP> The Elizabeth Plankinton House was a stone structure in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, intended to be the residence for Elizabeth Plankinton.  Built between 1886 and 1888 by John Plankinton for his daughter as a wedding gift, it cost at least $100,000 (equivalent to $ million in 2016 ).  Architect Edward Townsend Mix designed the house in the Richardsonian Romanesque style.  It was located opposite John Plankinton's own house on Grand Avenue in an upscale residential area of the western part of the city, near other mansions.  Mrs. Margaret Johnston was the only person to have a permanent residence in the house (1896–1904).  The Knights of Columbus used the property between 1910 and 1978.  Despite being listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1976, the house was demolished on 11 October 1980 to make way for student facilities for Marquette University. <SEP> Stuyvesant Plaza is a major shopping plaza and office complex in the U.S. state of New York's Capital District.  It is located in the town of Guilderland, on Western Avenue (US 20), near the south end of the Adirondack Northway, I-87 and the city of Albany.  The shopping plaza opened in 1959, making it the third oldest in the Capital Region, after Latham Corners Shopping Center (1957) Times Troy Record 10-09-1957 and Westgate Plaza. <SEP> The John Plankinton statue is a six-foot lifelike representation of the businessman and industrialist.  It took the sculptor six months to make and was initially placed in the Plankinton House Hotel in downtown Milwaukee in 1892.  It is presently located in the Grand's Plankinton Arcade shopping plaza, a redevelopment project at the same location where the hotel once stood.  It was completely restored in 2012.
Question: Francis William Deas worked on the restoration of the country house overlooking what bay?

Francis William Deas (1862 –13 November 1951) was an important Scottish Arts and Crafts architect and landscape designer in the late 19th century and first half of the 20th century.  His most important work was probably the restoration of Castle Toward.  He was a keen amateur painter, largely of landscapes. <SEP> Kinross House is a late 17th-century country house overlooking Loch Leven, near Kinross in Perth and Kinross, Scotland.  Construction of the house was begun in 1686, by the architect Sir William Bruce as his own home.  It is regarded as one of his finest works, and was called by Daniel Defoe "the most beautiful and regular piece of Architecture in Scotland". <SEP> Castle Toward (Scottish Gaelic: "Caisteal an Toll Àird" ) is a nineteenth-century country house on the southern tip of the Cowal peninsula, overlooking Rothesay Bay in Argyll and Bute on the west-coast of Scotland. <SEP> Wilton House Museum is a museum in a historic house located in Richmond, Virginia.  Wilton was constructed c. 1753 by William Randolph III, son of William Randolph II, of Turkey Island.  Wilton was originally the manor house on a 2000 acre tobacco plantation located on the north bank of the James River several miles east of the city of Richmond.  Between 1747 and 1759, William III acquired more than a dozen contiguous tracts of land.  About 1753, Randolph completed construction of large Georgian manor house overlooking the river, which he named “Wilton.”  It is a mimic of Wilton House in UK, the family seat of the “Earl of Pembroke”.
Question: What ethnicity are both Motilal Nehru and Gangadhar Nehru?

Pt.  Motilal Nehru (6 May 1861 – 6 February 1931) was an Indian lawyer, an activist of the Indian National Movement and an important leader of the Indian National Congress, who also served as the Congress President twice, 1919–1920 and 1928–1929.  He was the founder patriarch of the Nehru-Gandhi family. <SEP> Nandlal Nehru (1845 – 1887) was the Diwan of Khetri in Rajasthan.  In 1870 Nandlal quit Khetri, qualified as a lawyer and began to practice law at Agra.  When the High Court was transferred to Allahabad, he moved with it.  He was the second son of Gangadhar Nehru and elder brother of Motilal Nehru.  He had seven children when he died at the age of 42.  Among his noted sons were Brijlal Nehru and Ratan Kumar Nehru. <SEP> Ratan Kumar Nehru or R.K. Nehru, (10 October 1902 – 2 April 1981) was an Indian civil servant and diplomat.  He was a cousin (once removed) of Jawaharlal Nehru, the son of Mohan Lal Nehru (who was the son of Nand lal Nehru, Motilal Nehru's brother).  He was the secretary-general of the Indian Ministry of foreign affairs and also served as ambassador to several countries in the 1950s and 1960s.  During 1955-58, he was the Indian ambassador to China and to the United Arab Republic during 1958-60. <SEP> Gangadhar Nehru (1827 – February 1861) was an Indian police officer, who served as the last kotwal of Delhi (Chief of police) in the court of Bahadur Shah II, before the position was abolished following the Indian Rebellion of 1857.  He was the father of freedom fighter Motilal Nehru and grandfather of India's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, and thus part of the Nehru–Gandhi family.
Question: What is the birthdate of this American former professional baseball third baseman, who was a draftee in the 1993 Major League Baseball?

Michael Jack Schmidt (born September 27, 1949) is an American former professional baseball third baseman who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies.  Schmidt was a twelve-time All-Star and a three-time winner of the National League (NL) Most Valuable Player award (MVP), and he was known for his combination of power hitting and strong defense: as a hitter, he compiled 548 home runs and 1,595 runs batted in (RBIs), and led the NL in home runs eight times and in RBIs four times.  As a fielder, Schmidt won the National League Gold Glove Award for third basemen ten times.  Schmidt was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1995 and is often considered the greatest third baseman in baseball history. <SEP> Scott Bruce Rolen (born April 4, 1975) is an American former professional baseball third baseman.  He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Philadelphia Phillies, St. Louis Cardinals, Toronto Blue Jays and Cincinnati Reds.  He was an eight-time Gold Glove winner and seven-time All-Star. <SEP> Pedro Julio Feliz (born April 27, 1975) is a Dominican former professional baseball third baseman in Major League Baseball.  Feliz hit 20 or more home runs in four of his first five seasons as a starting third baseman and was an above average fielder at third base.  He spent the first eight years of his major league career with the San Francisco Giants (2000 through 2007) before signing a free agent contract with the Philadelphia Phillies in 2008. <SEP> The 1993 Major League Baseball draft began with first round selections on June 3, 1993.  Alex Rodriguez was selected first overall by the Seattle Mariners.  Other notable draftees included Chris Carpenter, Torii Hunter, Jason Varitek, Scott Rolen, future NFL Hall of Famer Marshall Faulk, and Heisman Trophy winner Charlie Ward.
Question: Slowly is a 1954 written by Tommy Hill, the brother of an American country music singer who was born in this year?

Slowly is a 1954 song by Webb Pierce, written by Pierce and Nashville songwriter Tommy Hill (brother of singer Goldie Hill).  The song was one of Pierce's more successful singles, spending seventeen weeks at the top of the Country and Western Best Sellers lists and a total of thirty-six weeks in the chart. <SEP> The Fabulous Country Music Sound of Buck Owens is an album by American country music artist Buck Owens, released in 1962.  It is not completely a Buck Owens album and includes tracks by Dottie West, Cowboy Copas, Eddie Wilson and Tommy Hill. <SEP>  She was one of the first women in country music, and became one of the first women to reach the top of the country music charts with her No. 1 1953 hit, "I Let the Stars Get In My Eyes".  Along with Kitty Wells, she helped set the standard for later women in country music. Goldie Hill (January 11, 1933 – February 24, 2005), born Argolda Voncile Hill, was an American country music singer. <SEP> Carl Milton Smith (March 15, 1927 – January 16, 2010) was an American country music singer.  Known as "Mister Country," Smith was the husband of June Carter (later June Carter Cash) and Goldie Hill, and the father of Carlene Carter.  He was one of country's most successful male artists during the 1950s, with 30 Top 10 "Billboard" hits, including 21 in a row.  Smith's success continued well into the 1970s, when he had a charting single every year except one.  He is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.
Question: Howard Deutch and W. S. Van Dyke, are of which nationality?

 He is perhaps best known for his collaboration with filmmaker John Hughes, having directed two of Hughes' well-received screenplays, "Pretty in Pink" and "Some Kind of Wonderful".  Since 2010, he has primarily directed television productions, including multiple episodes of "Getting On" and "True Blood". Howard Deutch (born September 14, 1950) is an American film and television director. <SEP> Little Jost Van Dyke (colloquially, "Little Jost") is one of the British Virgin Islands.  It is a small island on the east end of the island of Jost Van Dyke.  Like Jost Van Dyke, it takes its name from the Dutch privateer Joost van Dyk.  It is the location of the Diamond Cay National Park, which includes the nesting grounds of wild boobies, terns and pelicans. <SEP> Joost van Dyk (sometimes spelled Joost van Dyke) was a Dutch privateer (and, reportedly, sometime pirate) who was one of the earliest European settlers in the British Virgin Islands in the seventeenth century, and established the first permanent settlements within the Territory.  The islands of Jost Van Dyke and its smaller neighbor Little Jost Van Dyke ("Little Jost"), as well as Little Dix Bay on Virgin Gorda island, are named after him. <SEP> Woodbridge Strong Van Dyke II (March 21, 1889 – February 5, 1943) was an American film director and writer who made several successful early sound films, including "Tarzan the Ape Man" in 1932, "The Thin Man" in 1934, "San Francisco" in 1936, and six popular musicals with Nelson Eddy and Jeanette MacDonald.  He received two Academy Award nominations for Best Director for "The Thin Man" and "San Francisco", and directed four actors to Oscar nominations: William Powell, Spencer Tracy, Norma Shearer, and Robert Morley.  Known as a reliable craftsman who made his films on schedule and under budget, he earned the name "One Take Woody" for his quick and efficient style of filming.