winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which writer was from France, Marguerite Duras or Ryūnosuke Akutagawa?

Marguerite Donnadieu, known as Marguerite Duras (] ; 4 April 1914 – 3 March 1996), was a French novelist, playwright, scriptwriter, essayist, and experimental filmmaker.  Her 1959 film "Hiroshima mon amour", earned her a nomination for Best Original Screenplay at the Academy Awards. <SEP> The Akutagawa Prize (芥川龍之介賞 , Akutagawa Ryūnosuke Shō ) is a Japanese literary award presented semi-annually.  It was established in 1935 by Kan Kikuchi, then-editor of "Bungeishunjū" magazine, in memory of author Ryūnosuke Akutagawa.  It is currently sponsored by the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature, and is awarded in January ('E' in the list, below) and July ('L' in the list below) to the best serious literary story published in a newspaper or magazine by a new or rising author. <SEP>  He is regarded as the "Father of the Japanese short story" and Japan's premier literary award, the Akutagawa Prize, is named after him. Ryūnosuke Akutagawa (芥川 龍之介 , Akutagawa Ryūnosuke , 1 March 1892 – 24 July 1927) was a Japanese writer active in the Taishō period in Japan.  He committed suicide at the age of 35 through an overdose of barbital. <SEP> Rashomon (羅生門 , Rashōmon ) is a 1950 Japanese period film directed by Akira Kurosawa, working in close collaboration with cinematographer Kazuo Miyagawa.  It stars Toshiro Mifune, Machiko Kyō, Masayuki Mori, and Takashi Shimura.  While the film borrows the title and setting from Ryūnosuke Akutagawa's short story "Rashōmon", it is actually based on Akutagawa's short story "In a Grove", which provides the characters and plot.
Question: Columbia Edgewater Country Club is west of whichmilitary airport?

The Portland Open Invitational was a professional golf tournament in the northwest United States on the PGA Tour, played in Portland, Oregon.  Established by Robert A. Hudson with a $10,000 purse in 1944, it was played in from 1944 to 1948 and again from 1959 to 1966.  The event was hosted eight times at the Portland Golf Club, and four times at the Columbia Edgewater Country Club.  First played as the Portland Open, the revived 1959 event played as the Portland Centennial Open Invitational, in honor of Oregon's centennial of statehood. <SEP> The Kansas City Country Club, founded in 1896, is a country club in Mission Hills, Kansas, USA, an affluent suburb of Kansas City, Missouri.  It is the club for which the Country Club District and the Country Club Plaza of Kansas City are named.  The club claims to be the third oldest country club west of the Mississippi River. <SEP>  It is located immediately west of the Portland International Airport. Columbia Edgewater Country Club is a private golf course in the northwest United States, located in Portland, Oregon.  Founded in 1924 it has hosted numerous tour events on the PGA Tour and LPGA Tour. <SEP> Portland International Airport (IATA: PDX, ICAO: KPDX, FAA LID: PDX) is a joint civil-military airport and the largest airport in the U.S. state of Oregon, accounting for 90 percent of passenger travel and more than 95 percent of air cargo of the state.  It is located within Portland's city limits just south of the Columbia River in Multnomah County, 6 mi by air and 12 mi by highway northeast of Downtown Portland.  Portland International Airport is often referred to by its IATA airport code, PDX.
Question: Which was established first, Russo's New York Pizzeria or Valentino's?

The Risk Pool is Pulitzer Prize-winning writer Richard Russo's second novel.  First published in 1988, "The Risk Pool" is a Bildungsroman or "coming of age" novel set in fictional Mohawk, New York, a dying blue-collar town.  "The Risk Pool" was well received by critics, such as "The New York Times", which called it a "superbly original, maliciously funny book" and praised Russo's "brilliant, deadpan writing."  In 2004, Warner Bros.  Pictures was reported to be developing a movie based on the book, with Tom Hanks starring as Ned Hall's father and Lawrence Kasdan writing the script and directing. <SEP>  The chain serves New York-style pizza as well as several different types of soups, salads, pastas, calzones and dessert. Russo’s New York Pizzeria is based in Houston, Texas and was established in 1992 by Anthony Russo.  They are famous for their "party pizzas," which are 2 ft in diameter. <SEP> Valentino's is a regional Italian restaurant chain based in Lincoln, Nebraska.  The restaurant was purchased by two Lincoln families in 1971 and began franchising additional locations.  Valentino's was founded by Val and Zena Weiler in 1957.  The first carry-out store opened in 1990, and many of the full-scale restaurants converted to the buffet concept in the early-2000s. <SEP> Gennaro Lombardi was an Italian immigrant who moved to the United States in 1897, and known for opening the first pizzeria in the United States, Lombardi's.  He opened a small grocery store in New York City's Little Italy.  An employee of his, Antonio Totonno Pero, also an Italian immigrant, began making pizza for the store to sell.  Their pizza became so popular that Lombardi opened the first US pizzeria in 1905, naming it simply Lombardi's.
Question: Minneapolis hosts Super Bowl LII, but which year did the city first host the event, at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome downtown?

 It opened in 1982 as a replacement for Metropolitan Stadium, the former home of the National Football League's (NFL) Minnesota Vikings and Major League Baseball's (MLB) Minnesota Twins, and Memorial Stadium, the former home of the Minnesota Golden Gophers football team. The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (commonly called the Metrodome) was a domed sports stadium located in downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. <SEP> Super Bowl LII, the 52nd Super Bowl and the 48th modern-era National Football League (NFL) championship game, will decide the league champion for the 2017 NFL season.  The game is scheduled to be held on February 4, 2018, at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the second Super Bowl in Minneapolis, which previously hosted Super Bowl XXVI in 1992.  The game will be televised in the United States by NBC. <SEP> Super Bowl XXVI was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Washington Redskins and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Buffalo Bills to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 1991 season.  The game was played on January 26, 1992, at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the first time the city has played host to a Super Bowl (the city will host Super Bowl LII at U.S. Bank Stadium).  The Redskins defeated the Bills by the score of 37–24, becoming the fourth team after the Pittsburgh Steelers, the Oakland Raiders, and the San Francisco 49ers to win three Super Bowls.  The Bills became the third team, after the Minnesota Vikings (Super Bowls VIII and IX) and the Denver Broncos (Super Bowls XXI and XXII), to lose back-to-back Super Bowls. <SEP> The Minnesota Vikings season was the franchise's 29th season in the National Football League.  The Vikings finished with a record of ten wins and six losses, and winning the NFC Central Division.  This title was secured during one of what is considered by many to be among the most exciting Monday Night Football contests ever: a Christmas Day victory over the Cincinnati Bengals at home, at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, which was the "de facto" first playoff game of the year.  This season was also notable by how many sacks the defense produced, with 39 coming from only two players (Chris Doleman and Keith Millard) and 71 overall.  Millard would later receive Defensive Player of the Year honors after putting up record numbers by a defensive tackle.  The Vikings were once again embarrassed by the defending Super Bowl champion 49ers in the divisional round, losing 41-13.
Question: Creedence Gold was a compilation album that was of what nationality?

More Creedence Gold" formed the second part, released in 1973. Creedence Gold is a compilation album of the band Creedence Clearwater Revival released in 1972. " <SEP> Keep on Chooglin' is a Creedence Clearwater Revival compilation album released in 1999, that includes the eponymous track, taken from the "Bayou Country" album.  The meaning of the neologism "choogling" can be found in the lyrics of the song: "...You got to ball and have a good time / And that's what I call chooglin'." <SEP> Creedence Clearwater Revival, often informally abbreviated to Creedence or CCR, was an American rock band active in the late 1960s and early 1970s. <SEP> More Creedence Gold is an album by the band Creedence Clearwater Revival and was released in 1973.  It is the follow-up to the album "Creedence Gold", which was released in 1972.
Question: Money Hai Toh Honey Hai is a Bollywood comedy film directed by Ganesh Acharya, it features a cast of stars including Upen Patel, a model and film actor, working in which country?

Hey Bro is a 2015 Hindi action comedy film directed by Ajay Chandhok, produced by Vidhi Acharya and Music by Nitz 'N' Sony (Nitin Arora & Sony Chandy) Lyrics by Pranav Vatsa.  The film stars Ganesh Acharya, <SEP> Upen Patel is a model and film actor working in India.  In addition to working in Bollywood films, he has participated in several television reality shows including "Bigg Boss 8" and "Nach Baliye 7". <SEP> Kuch Kuch Locha Hai (English: "Something is Fishy"), previously titled Patel Rap, is a 2015 Bollywood comedy film directed by Devang Dholakia and starring Sunny Leone, Ram Kapoor, Evelyn Sharma and Navdeep Chhabra in lead roles.  The film is loosely inspired by the most successful Gujarati comedy play "Lage Raho Gujjubhai" starring and directed by Siddharth Randeria.  The film is presented by Magic Pictures and Entertainment Pvt Ltd.  Asha Jhaveri is the associate producer of the film.  The film marked the debut of actor Navdeep Chhabra.  It was released on 8 May 2015.  Upon release, it mostly got negative reviews. <SEP> Money Hai Toh Honey Hai is a Bollywood comedy film directed by Ganesh Acharya and produced by Kumar Mangat, story and screenplay by Muazzam Beg.  It features a cast of stars including Govinda, Aftab Shivdasani, Upen Patel, Hansika Motwani, Celina Jaitley and Manoj Bajpayee in the lead roles with Ravi Kissen, Antara Biswas and Prem Chopra in supporting roles.  Esha Deol and the director of the film Ganesh Acharya make special appearances.
Question: What UK political party was led for fifteen years by the man who gave the speech containing the phrase "blood, toil, tears and sweat"?

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British statesman, army officer, and writer.  He served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.  As a Member of Parliament (MP), he represented five constituencies over the course of his career.  He led the Conservative Party for fifteen years from 1940 to 1955.  As Prime Minister, Churchill led Britain to victory during World War II. <SEP> "We shall fight on the beaches" is a common title given to a speech delivered by Winston Churchill to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom on 4 June 1940.  This was the second of three major speeches given around the period of the Battle of France, with the others designated as the "Blood, toil, tears, and sweat" speech of 13 May, and the "This was their finest hour" speech of 18 June.  Events developed dramatically over the five-week period, and although broadly similar in themes, each speech addressed a different military and diplomatic context. <SEP> Super Hits is a budget compilation album by the band Blood, Sweat & Tears released by Columbia Records in 1998.  This ten song collection draws four songs from each of the band's first two albums "Child Is Father to the Man" and "Blood, Sweat & Tears". <SEP> The phrase "blood, toil, tears and sweat" became famous in a speech given by Winston Churchill to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom on 13 May 1940.
Question: How many episodes were included in the sixth season of the series that included Fairly OddBaby?

"iCarly" is an American sitcom that originally aired on Nickelodeon from September 8, 2007, to November 23, 2012.  The series stars Miranda Cosgrove as Carly Shay who becomes an Internet star.  Nickelodeon promoted many episodes such as "iDo", "iHire an Idiot", "iPity the Nevel", "iDate Sam & Freddie", etc. as specials, despite their being regular episodes.  The lower case "i" which begins the episode titles represents the internet, as in ""i"Carly".  The show was nominated for an Emmy award for Outstanding Children's Program in 2009.  The series ended on November 23, 2012, with the one-hour special episode "iGoodbye".  A total of 7 seasons and 109 episodes were broadcast.  The largest audience of the series was 11.2 million viewers, with the special episode "iSaved Your Life" premiered in January 2010. <SEP> The sixth season of the American comedy television series "Scrubs" premiered on NBC on November 30, 2006 and concluded on May 17, 2007 and consists of 22 episodes.  The series moved to Thursdays at 9:00 pm as a part of NBC's Comedy Night Done Right.  Guest stars in the sixth season included Keri Russell and Michael Weston.  This season featured the series' musical episode, "My Musical". <SEP> Fairly OddBaby is a 2008 television film and season premiere of "The Fairly OddParents"’ sixth season, which first aired on February 18, 2008.  The episode was the first to air after a one-year hiatus.  The episode received 8.81 million viewers in its initial airing. <SEP>  The season had two movies, "Fairly OddBaby" and "Wishology". After a year long hiatus in 2007, "The Fairly OddParents" was revived for a sixth season to contain 20 episodes.
Question: Vale of Tears is the third novel by an author who is a current U.S. Representative for what state?

Patricia Geary is an American author.  After writing two borderline fantasy novels, "Living in Ether" (1982) and "Strange Toys" (1987), the latter of which won the Philip K. Dick Award, she found it difficult to sell her third novel as she had a reputation primarily as a fantasy author , and returned to teaching (she teaches creative writing at the University of Redlands).  Her third novel, "The Other Canyon", was published in 2002 by Gorsky Press, and another, "Guru Cigarettes", in 2005.  <SEP> Jaime Lynn Herrera Beutler (born November 3, 1978) is an American politician, who has served as the U.S. Representative for Washington 's 3 congressional district since January 2011.  She is a member of the Republican Party, and is the second youngest female U.S. Representative.  She is a former Senior Legislative Aide for U.S. Congresswoman Cathy McMorris Rodgers (R-Spokane) and a former state representative for the 18th Legislative District in Washington. <SEP> Peter Thomas King (born April 5, 1944) is an American politician and current U.S. Representative for New York 's 2 congressional district .  He is a member of the Republican Party and represents the South Shore Long Island district that includes parts of Nassau and Suffolk counties. <SEP>  Published in 2004, it is a thriller about a congressman, Sean Cross (who had first appeared as the protagonist of King's second novel, "Deliver Us From Evil"), who must thwart a planned “dirty bomb” attack by Qaeda operatives working in Brooklyn and on Long Island. Vale of Tears is the third novel by Peter T. King, a member of the Republican Party and the U.S. Representative for New York's 2nd congressional district.
Question: Are Helen Fielding and Thomas Friedman both writers?

Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution—And How It Can Renew America is a book by "New York Times" Foreign Affairs columnist Thomas Friedman, proposing that the solutions to global warming and the best method to regain the United States' economic and political stature in the world are to embrace the clean energy and green technology industries.  The title derives from the convergence of Hot (global warming), Flat (globalization, as discussed in Friedman's book "The World Is Flat") and Crowded (population growth). <SEP> Helen Fielding is an English novelist and screenwriter, best known as the creator of the fictional character Bridget Jones, and a sequence of novels and films beginning with the life of a thirtysomething singleton in London trying to make sense of life and love. " Bridget Jones's Diary" (1996) and " " (1999) were published in 40 countries and sold more than 15 million copies.  The two films of the same name achieved international success.  In a survey conducted by "The Guardian" newspaper, "Bridget Jones’s Diary" was named as one of the ten novels that best defined the 20th century. <SEP>  He is a three time Pulitzer Prize winner. Thomas Loren Friedman (born July 20, 1953) is an American journalist and author. <SEP> Bridget Jones's Diary is a 2001 British-American-French romantic comedy film directed by Sharon Maguire and written by Richard Curtis, Andrew Davies, and Helen Fielding.  It is based on Fielding's novel of the same name, which is a reinterpretation of Jane Austen's "Pride and Prejudice".  The adaptation stars Renée Zellweger as Bridget, Hugh Grant as the caddish Daniel Cleaver, and Colin Firth as Bridget's "true love", Mark Darcy.  Production began in May 2000 and ended in August 2000, and took place largely on location in London and the Home Counties.  The film premiered on 4 April 2001 in the UK and was released to theatres on 13 April 2001 simultaneously in the UK and in the US.
Question: Holme Moss is a moor in a region of England containing what forest in the west?

 Historically on the boundary between Cheshire and the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is just inside the boundary of the Peak District National Park. Holme Moss (1719 ft a.s.l.) is a moor in the South Pennines of England, on the border between the High Peak district of Derbyshire and the Kirklees district of West Yorkshire.  The moor is crossed by the A6024 road between Longdendale and Holmfirth, whose highest point is near the prominent mast of Holme Moss transmitting station. <SEP> High Peak is a borough in Derbyshire, England.  Administered by High Peak Borough Council from Buxton and Glossop, it is mostly composed of high moorland plateau in the Dark Peak area of the Peak District National Park.  The district stretches from Holme Moss in the north to Sterndale Moor in the south and from Hague Bar in the west to Bamford in the east.  The population of the borough taken at the 2011 Census was 90,892. <SEP> The Holme Moss transmitting station is a radio transmitting station in West Yorkshire, England.  The mast provides VHF coverage of both FM and DAB to a wide area around the mast including Derbyshire, Greater Manchester, South Yorkshire and West Yorkshire. <SEP> The South Pennines is a region of moorland and hill country in Northern England lying towards the southern end of the Pennines.  In the west it includes the Forest of Rossendale and the West Pennine Moors.  It is bounded by the Greater Manchester conurbation in the west and the Yorkshire Dales to the north.  To the east it is fringed by the towns of West and South Yorkshire whilst to the south it is often considered to end at the northern edge of the Peak District national park.
Question: The 2017–18 Dynamo Dresden season is the 65th season in the football club's history and 2nd consecutive season in the second division of German football, this is the 65th season for Dynamo Dresden in the Stadion Dresden, also called DDV-Stadion is a football stadium in Dresden, in which German state?

The 2017–18 Dynamo Dresden season is the 65th season in the football club's history and 2nd consecutive season in the second division of German football, the 2.  Bundesliga and 7th overall.  In addition to the domestic league, Dynamo Dresden also are participating in this season's edition of the domestic cup, the DFB-Pokal.  The season covers a period from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018.  This is the 65th season for Dynamo Dresden in the DDV-Stadion, located in Dresden, Germany. <SEP> Sportgemeinschaft Dynamo Dresden e.V., commonly known as SG Dynamo Dresden or Dynamo Dresden, is a German association football club, based in Dresden, Saxony.  It was founded on 12 April 1953, as a club affiliated with the East German police, and became one of the most popular and successful clubs in East German football, winning eight league titles.  After the reunification of Germany, "Dynamo" played four seasons in the top division Bundesliga (1991–95), but have since drifted between the second and fourth tiers.  The club will begin the 2016–17 season in the 2.  Bundesliga. <SEP>  It is the current home of Dynamo Dresden.  The facility was previously known as the "Rudolf-Harbig-Stadion" (from 1951 to 1971 and from 1990 to 2010) and the "Dynamo-Stadion" (from 1971 to 1990).  In December 2010, the naming rights were sold for 5 years to Bavarian energy company Goldgas which wanted to promote its Glücksgas brandname. DDV-Stadion is a football stadium in Dresden, Saxony.  Sports facilities have existed on the site of the stadium since 1874.  The stadium also hosts events other than soccer games and has hosted several home games of the Dresden Monarchs American Football team of the German Football League, including their lone home appearance in the BIG6 European Football League in 2014. <SEP> The 2015–16 SC Fortuna Köln season is the 69th season (and 67th and 68th overall year) in the football club's history and 2nd consecutive season in the third tier of German football, the 3.  Liga, having been promoted from the Regionalliga West in 2014.  It is the 6th season overall in the third tier of German football.  In addition to the 3.  Liga, will also participate in this season's edition of the Middle Rhine Cup, part of the Verbandspokal.  This will be the 37th season for the club in the Südstadion, located in Cologne, Germany.  The stadium has a capacity of 14,944.  For this season, the stadium will also be shared with the women's team of 1.  FC Köln.
Question: Who did more acting, Paul Czinner or Louis Jouvet?

Paul Czinner (30 May 1890 – 22 June 1972) was a Hungarian Jewish writer, film director, and producer. <SEP> Louis Jouvet (24 December 1887 – 16 August 1951) was a renowned French actor, director, and theatre director. <SEP> The Way of Lost Souls is a 1929 British drama film directed by Paul Czinner and starring Pola Negri, Warwick Ward and Hans Rehmann.  A prostitute and a lighthouse keeper fall in love.  It is also known by the alternative title The Woman He Scorned.  Location shooting was done around Mevagissey in Cornwall.  It was the first film made in Britain by Czinner, who later settled there with his wife Elisabeth Bergner after being forced out of Germany by the Nazis. <SEP> The Heart of a Nation (French: Untel père et fils ) is a 1943 French drama film directed by Julien Duvivier who co-wrote screenplay with Marcel Achard and Charles Spaak.  The film stars Raimu, Michèle Morgan and Louis Jouvet.
Question: The iris hypothesis was proposed by an atmospheric physicist who was professor at what university?

Professor John Alan Chalmers (29 September 1904 - 14 March 1967) was a British atmospheric physicist based at Durham University.  He is well known for his contributions to atmospheric electricity, particularly an internationally-respected textbook, and, outside his scientific work, for his involvement with Scouting.  This led to him being widely known to his colleagues by the nickname, "Skip", a commonly used term for the leader of a Scout troop. <SEP> Richard Siegmund Lindzen (born February 8, 1940) is an American atmospheric physicist known for his work in the dynamics of the middle atmosphere, atmospheric tides, and ozone photochemistry.  From 1983 until his retirement in 2013, he was Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  He has published more than 200 scientific papers and books.  He was a lead author of Chapter 7, "Physical Climate Processes and Feedbacks," of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Third Assessment Report on climate change.  He has criticized the scientific consensus about climate change and what he has called "climate alarmism." <SEP> The iris hypothesis is a hypothesis proposed by Richard Lindzen et al. in 2001 that suggested increased sea surface temperature in the tropics would result in reduced cirrus clouds and thus more infrared radiation leakage from Earth's atmosphere.  His study of observed changes in cloud coverage and modeled effects on infrared radiation released to space as a result supported the hypothesis.  This suggested infrared radiation leakage was hypothesized to be a negative feedback in which an initial warming would result in an overall cooling of the surface.  The consensus view is that increased sea surface temperature would result in increased cirrus clouds and reduced infrared radiation leakage and therefore a positive feedback. <SEP> Isakson Nunatak ( ) is a nunatak rising to about 1,300 m , 1.5 mi southeast of Christoph Nunatak in the Lyon Nunataks of Palmer Land, Antarctica.  It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey from surveys and U.S. Navy aerial photographs, 1961–68, and Landsat imagery, 1973–74.  The nunatak was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names in 1987 after Steven W. Isakson of Stanford University, an upper atmospheric physicist at Siple Station, winter party 1975.
Question: Heythrop Park was designed for the English politician who was part of what group?

Heythrop Park is a Grade II* listed early 18th-century country house 1 mi southeast of Heythrop in Oxfordshire.  A fire in 1831 destroyed the original interior.  From 1922 until 1999 Heythrop housed first a Jesuit tertiary education college, and later a training establishment.  The house is now the main building of the Heythrop Park Hotel, Golf & Country Club.  It was designed by the architect Thomas Archer in the Baroque style for Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury. <SEP>  He was appointed to several minor roles before the revolution, but came to prominence as a member of William's government. Charles Talbot, 1st Duke of Shrewsbury, KG, PC (24 July 1660 – 1 February 1718) was an English politician who was part of the 'Immortal Seven' group that invited William III, Prince of Orange to depose James II of England as monarch during the Glorious Revolution. <SEP> Sir John Corbet, 1st Baronet of Stoke upon Tern (1594 – July 1662) was an English politician who represented Shropshire in the House of Commons of the long Parliament.  A moderate Puritan, he was noted before the English Civil War for his campaigns against extra-parliamentary taxation, which led to his imprisonment, and for waging a long running dispute over control of his parish church at Adderley.  He was a notable member of the Shropshire county committee, responsible for pursuing the war against the royalists. Part of a Presbyterian middle group in Parliament, he was one of those secluded from parliament by Pride's Purge, and was stripped of his remaining public offices after the Restoration. <SEP> Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds, KG (20 February 1632 – 26 July 1712), English politician who was part of the 'Immortal Seven' group that invited William III, Prince of Orange to depose James II of England as monarch during the Glorious Revolution.  He was commonly known as Lord Danby and Marquess of Carmarthen when he was a prominent political figure, served in a variety of offices under Kings Charles II and William III of England.  He was a prominent politician who had fallen out of favour due to corruption and other scandals but was restored to prominence under William
Question: Are the Cantabrian Water Dog and Neapolitan Mastiff both dogs?

A mastinaro (plural "mastinari") is a Neapolitan Mastiff breeder.  Specifically, "mastinari" are the group of Neapolitan men who have worked since World War II to work as breeders at great personal sacrifice <SEP> Mastiff type means a large molosser dog.  The term "mastiff type" has been used synonymously with the term "molosser".  For example, the bulldog breeds, the Great Dane, the mountain dogs, the pit bulls and even smaller dogs such as the Boston terrier, may be considered "mastiff types" in this broad sense.  The descriptive term, mastiff type, should not be confused with the breed, the Mastiff.  All breeds are individual and should be referred to by their breed name to ensure correct identification. <SEP> The Cantabrian Water Dog (Spanish: perro de agua cantábrico ) is a landrace breed of dog developed in the coast of Cantabria, northern Spain, as an assistant to fishermen.  The breed was classified and recognized by the Breeds Committee of the Spanish Ministry of Environment on 22 March 2011. <SEP> The Neapolitan Mastiff or Mastino (Italian: "Mastino Napoletano" ) is a large, ancient dog breed.  This massive breed is often used as a guard and defender of family and property due to their protective instincts and their fearsome appearance.
Question: Which band is from the United States, American Standards or Loudspeakers?

 The band consists of members Brandon Kellum (vocals), Corey Skowronski (lead guitar), Steven Mandell (bass), and Mitch Hosier (drums).  Their musical style is rooted in technical hardcore with strong elements of punk and metal.  They've garnered much critical and fan acclaim for their high-energy, intense live shows and raw sound.  They're also known for Kellum's emotionally and politically charged lyrics, which have included topics such corporate greed, media satire, materialism, loss and personal struggle. American Standards is an American hardcore punk band from Phoenix, Arizona, formed in 2011. <SEP> Generally Accepted Auditing Standards, or GAAS are sets of standards against which the quality of audits are performed and may be judged.  Several organizations have developed such sets of principles, which vary by territory.  In the United States, the standards are promulgated by the Auditing Standards Board, a division of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). <SEP> Loudspeakers (stylised as LOUDspeakers) is a Georgian rock band formed in 2009. <SEP> The American Boat and Yacht Council is a non-profit organization which sets standards for the safe construction and maintenance of boats in the United States.  It is a standards development member of the American National Standards Institute.  Founded in 1954, it is currently chaired by Kenneth Weinbrecht of Ocean-Bay Marine Services, Inc..  It sets standards on items such as required electrical cable color coding, size and construction.  Some standards, such as bilge pump requirements, are legally binding.
Question: Where was the first Eurovision Song Contest Germany offically participated in?

 No other country has been represented as often.  France and the United Kingdom come in a close second, missing only two contests each. Germany has officially participated in every Eurovision Song Contest since its beginning in 1956, except in 1996 when its entry did not qualify past the audio-only pre‐selection round, and consequently was not seen in the broadcast final and does not count as one of Germany's 61 appearances.  Before German reunification in 1990, it occasionally presented as West Germany, representing the Federal Republic of Germany.  East Germany (the German Democratic Republic) did not compete.  Germany has won two contests, in 1982 and 2010. <SEP> The Eurovision Song Contest 1956 was the first Eurovision Song Contest, held at the Teatro Kursaal in Lugano, Switzerland on Thursday 24 May. <SEP> Poli Plamenova Genova (Bulgarian: Поли Пламенова Генова , born 10 February 1987 in Sofia, Bulgaria) is a Bulgarian singer who represented her country in the Eurovision Song Contest 2011 in Germany.  Genova performed her entry "Na inat" ("Out of Spite") in the second semifinal.  Although failing to qualify to the final Genova would return to the Eurovision five years later, representing Bulgaria for the second time in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 in Stockholm, Sweden, with the song "If Love Was a Crime", and reached fourth place in the finals – a record for the country.  It was also the first time Bulgaria qualified for almost a decade.  Genova's first Eurovision entry reached Number 8 on the Bulgarian charts and in 2016 she gained her first Bulgarian Number 1 single with "If Love Was a Crime".  In the aftermath of her Eurovision success Genova has gone on to become a coach on The Voice of Bulgaria and also voiced the Bulgarian version of Judy Hopps in the worldwide box office smash "Zootopia". <SEP> Australia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 in Vienna, Austria.  Owing to its cultural and political ties to European countries, the Eurovision Song Contest has been televised in Australia by the public broadcaster SBS for over thirty years.  In honour of the contest's 60th running and in recognition of the event's popularity in Australia, it was announced on 10 February 2015 that Australia was to be invited to compete in the 2015 contest as a special guest participant.  Australians have participated in and even won Eurovision as representatives of other countries.  In 2015 for example, the Australian coloratura soprano of Armenian descent Mary-Jean O'Doherty participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015 contest as part of the group Genealogy representing Armenia.  But this marked the first time that the country has officially participated.
Question: Spin and The Progressive Populist are both what?

Henry Evans Howell, Jr. (September 5, 1920 – July 7, 1997), nicknamed "Howlin' Henry" Howell, was an American politician from the U.S. state of Virginia.  A progressive populist and a member of the Democratic Party, he served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly, was elected the 31st Lieutenant Governor of Virginia as an Independent Democrat, and made several runs for Governor. <SEP> The National Security Network (NSN) was a non-profit foreign policy organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, that focused on international relations, global affairs and national security.  Characterizing itself as "progressive," the NSN's mission statement asserts the group aimed to "build a strong progressive national security and counter conservative spin." <SEP> Spin is an American music magazine founded in 1985 by publisher Bob Guccione, Jr. The magazine stopped running in print in 2012 and currently runs as a webzine. <SEP>  Founded in 1995, the magazine is based in Storm Lake, Iowa, with editorial offices in Manchaca, Texas. The Progressive Populist is a magazine in tabloid newspaper format published twice monthly.  The editor is James M. Cullen, managing editor is Art Cullen and the publisher is John Cullen.
Question: What type of music do both God Lives Underwater and Pavement bands perform?

Hypersonic Hyperphonic is the second studio album by Tinfed, released on December 3, 1996 by Re-Constriction Records.  "Sonic Boom" noted that "Tinfed is one of those bands who would fit perfectly on tour with the likes of God Lives Underwater, Stabbing Westward, Filter & Gravity Kills which means they should do rather well with the current crossover audience." <SEP> God Lives Underwater was an industrial rock band from rural Perkiomenville, Pennsylvania (near Philadelphia), formed in 1993 by band members David Reilly and Jeff Turzo.  God Lives Underwater was originally signed to American Recordings after being discovered by Rick Rubin, who subsequently produced the band's first two albums.  Prior to the band's breakup, there were two other members, Andrew McGee and Adam Kary. <SEP> KMFDM is an industrial music act, founded in 1984 by Sascha Konietzko in Hamburg, Germany.  Since then, KMFDM has performed in North America, Europe, Asia, and Australia.  KMFDM's earliest performances were as a local act in Hamburg.  Their first major tour was in support of Ministry in 1990.  Since then, KMFDM has headlined all of their tours, with support from bands such as Sister Machine Gun, Die Warzau, Chemlab, God Lives Underwater, DJ?  Acucrack, and Army of the Universe. <SEP> Pavement was an American indie rock band that formed in Stockton, California in 1989.  The group mainly consisted of Stephen Malkmus (vocals and guitar), Scott Kannberg (guitar and vocals), Mark Ibold (bass), Steve West (drums) and Bob Nastanovich (percussion and vocals).  Initially conceived as a recording project, the band at first avoided press or live performances, while attracting considerable underground attention with their early releases.  Gradually evolving into a more polished band, Pavement recorded five full-length albums and nine EPs over the course of their decade-long career, though they disbanded with some acrimony in 1999 as the members moved on to other projects.  In 2010, they undertook a well-received reunion tour.
Question: Which private university was founded first, Northeastern University or Lawrence Technological University?

Lawrence Technological University (LTU), frequently referred to as Lawrence Tech, is a private university located in Southfield, Michigan, United States.  The university moved to Southfield in 1955 and has since expanded to 107 acre .  Lawrence Tech was founded in 1932 in Highland Park, Michigan, as the Lawrence Institute of Technology (LIT) by Russell E. Lawrence.  The campus also includes the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Affleck House in Bloomfield Hills and the Detroit Center for Design + Technology in Midtown Detroit. <SEP> Robofest is a competition for 5-12 graders.  It is similar to FIRST Lego League (FLL), but while FLL limits the student's robots to Lego Mindstorms robots, Robofest allows the student to use any robotics system, or even custom electronics, in some of the events.  In addition, FLL students are required to use parts manufactured by Lego, preventing the use of such aids as string or glue.  Robofest was founded by Computer Science Professor Dr. Chan-Jin "CJ" Chung and is sponsored by Lawrence Technological University. <SEP>  It is categorized as an R1 institution (Doctoral Universities: Highest Research Activity) by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. Northeastern University (NU, formerly NEU) is a private research university in Boston, Massachusetts, established in 1898. <SEP> KLE Technological University is a private university located in Hubballi/ Hubli.  It was earlier known as B. V. Bhoomaraddi College of Engineering and Technology (BVBCET) and was upgraded to become a University under the KLE Technological University Act, 2012.
Question: What title did Krofft Productions give the remake of their half-hour Saturday-morning children's series?

Land of the Lost (1974–1976) is a children's adventure television series created (though uncredited) by David Gerrold and produced by Sid and Marty Krofft, who co-developed the series with Allan Foshko.  Krofft Productions remade the series in 1991, also titled "Land of the Lost", and a big budget film adaptation was released in 2009.  During its original run, it was broadcast on the NBC television network.  It later aired in daily syndication in the early 1980s as part of the "Krofft Superstars" package.  In 1985, it returned to late Saturday mornings on CBS as a replacement for the canceled "Pryor's Place" - also a Krofft production.  It was later shown in reruns on the Sci Fi Channel in the 1990s.  Reruns of this series were aired on Saturday mornings on Me-TV and are streamed online at any time on their website.  It has since become a cult classic and is now available on DVD. <SEP> Mutt & Stuff is an American children's television series airing on Nick Jr. The series premiered on March 6, 2015, with an hour-long pilot and began airing regularly on July 10, 2015.  It was created by Sid and Marty Krofft (in their first new product in over a decade) and Bradley Zweig.  It stars Calvin Millan, the son of the series producer Cesar Millan.  On February 5, 2017, the show was put on hiatus, with no word on season 3. <SEP>  Re-runs were later picked up by Nickelodeon from 1995 to 1997. Land of the Lost is a half-hour Saturday-morning children's series that debuted on ABC in the fall of 1991.  Tiger Toys received the license to produce a toyline based on the series, which included regular and "talking" action figures, several dinosaurs and playsets, an electronic Crystal Sword, as well as an electronic LCD game and a board game. <SEP> A uniquely inversible grammar is a formal grammar where no two distinct productions give the same result.  This implies the specific production can be inferred from its results.
Question: The 2002 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season, the team was led on the field by senior quarterback Chris Simms, a former American football quarterback, who played in which organization?

 He was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the third round of the 2003 NFL Draft.  He played college football at Texas. Christopher David Simms (born August 29, 1980) is a former American football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL). <SEP> The 2003 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2003 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The team was coached by head football coach Mack Brown and led on the field by Chance Mock and redshirt freshman quarterback Vince Young. <SEP> The 2004 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2004 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The team was coached by head football coach Mack Brown and led on the field by quarterback Vince Young.  Ranked third in wins in Division I-A college football history, the University of Texas has traditionally been considered a college football powerhouse, but Brown had not managed to lead the Longhorns into a Bowl Championship Series (BCS) game.  The 2004 season included some controversy related to the selection of Texas as an at-large team to attend the 2005 Rose Bowl.  Brown coached the team to win that game with a thrilling last-second victory.  The victory brought the Longhorns to 11 wins and 1 loss for the season (11–1) and it earned the Longhorns a top 5 finish in the polls. <SEP> The 2002 Texas Longhorns football team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 2002 NCAA Division I-A football season.  The team was coached by head football coach Mack Brown and led on the field by senior quarterback Chris Simms.
Question: Which state was populated by the expanse of the Oregon Trail, which can also be found in the Palouse region of the United States?

Coryell Pass is a gap located near Eugene in Lane County, Oregon, United States, near the confluence of the Coast Fork and Middle Fork of the Willamette River.  The gap is formed by the river between Eugene's South Hills and Springfield's Quarry Butte.  The pass is commemorated by a brass marker located on Franklin Boulevard, on what was formerly the route of Pacific Highway.  The marker, which was placed by the Daughters of the American Revolution (D.A.R.), reads "Coryell Pass, Oregon Trail, 1846, Erected by Oregon Lewis and Clark Chapter D.A.R., 1917".  The pass was on the southern route of the Oregon Trail blazed by Jesse Applegate and known as the Applegate Trail. <SEP> The Oregon Trail is a 2170 mi historic east–west, large-wheeled wagon route and emigrant trail in the United States that connected the Missouri River to valleys in Oregon.  The western half of the trail spanned most of the future states of Idaho and Oregon.  The eastern part of the Oregon Trail spanned part of the future state of Kansas, and nearly all of what are now the states of Nebraska and Wyoming. <SEP> The giant Palouse earthworm or Washington giant earthworm ("Driloleirus americanus", meaning "lily-like worm") is a species of earthworm belonging to the genus "Driloleirus" found in the Palouse region of Eastern Washington State as well as parts of Idaho in the United States.  The worm was discovered in 1897 by Frank Smith near Pullman, Washington.  It can burrow to a depth of 15 ft . <SEP>  It is a major agricultural area, primarily producing wheat and legumes. Situated about 160 mi north of the Oregon Trail, the region experienced rapid growth in the late 19th century and was once Washington's most populous region, surpassing even the Puget Sound area. The Palouse ( ) is a region of the northwestern United States, encompassing parts of southeastern Washington, north central Idaho and, by some definitions, parts of northeast Oregon.
Question: The 2012 British GT Championship was won by a car that was first introduced in what year?

The Porsche 911 GT3 is a high performance version of the Porsche 911 sports car primarily intended for racing.  It is a line of high-performance models, which began with the 1973 911 Carrera RS.  The GT3, introduced in 1999, is named after the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) Group GT3 class, created in 2005, in which it was designed to compete. <SEP> The Avon Tyres British GT Championship (previously known as the BRDC GT Championship) is a sports car racing series based in the United Kingdom, although selected races do take place outside of the country.  The series was originally created by the British Racing Drivers' Club in 1993 and, for its first two seasons, was known as the National Sports GT Challenge.  The series is currently run by the Stéphane Ratel Organisation, while Pirelli began its first season as the championship's official sole tyre supplier in 2016. <SEP> Michael Caine (born 13 August 1969 in Cambridge) is a British auto racing racing driver.  He currently competes in the British GT Championship and the British Touring Car Championship.  He was the 2012 British GT champion along with Daniele Perfetti. <SEP> The 2012 Avon Tyres British GT season was the 20th season of the British GT Championship.  The season began on 9 April at Oulton Park and finished on 30 September at Donington Park, after ten rounds held over seven meetings.  Motorbase Performance drivers Michael Caine and Daniele Perfetti won the GT3 category in a Porsche 997 GT3-R, Team WFR's Jody Fanin and Warren Hughes won the GT4 championship driving a Ginetta G50, while Ryan Hooker and Gary Eastwood took the GTC title in a Ferrari 458 Challenge driving for FF Corse.