winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question:  The Death and Life of John F. Donovan stars an English actor born in what year?

PT 109 is a 1963 biographical war film which depicts the actions of John F. Kennedy (JFK) as an officer of the United States Navy in command of Motor Torpedo Boat "PT-109" during the Pacific War of World War II.  The film was adapted by Vincent Flaherty and Howard Sheehan from the book "PT 109: John F. Kennedy in World War II" by Robert J. Donovan, and the screenplay was written by Robert L. Breen.  Cliff Robertson stars as Kennedy, with featured performances by Ty Hardin, James Gregory, Robert Culp, and Grant Williams. <SEP>  It stars Kit Harington, Natalie Portman, Jessica Chastain, Susan Sarandon, Kathy Bates, Jacob Tremblay, Ben Schnetzer, Thandie Newton, Amara Karan, Chris Zylka, Jared Keeso, Emily Hampshire and Michael Gambon. The Death and Life of John F. Donovan is an upcoming Canadian drama film, co-written, co-produced and directed by Xavier Dolan in his English-language debut. <SEP> Christopher Catesby "Kit" Harington (born 26 December 1986) is an English actor. <SEP> Mark Shaw (June 25, 1921 – January 26, 1969) was an American fashion and celebrity photographer in the 1950s and 1960s.  He worked for "Life" magazine from 1952 to 1968, during which time 27 issues of "Life" carried cover photos by Shaw.  Shaw's work also appeared in "Esquire", "Harper's Bazaar", "Mademoiselle", and many other publications.  He is best known for his photographs of John F. Kennedy, his wife Jacqueline Kennedy, and their children, Caroline and John F. Kennedy, Jr. In 1964, many of these images were published in the book "The John F. Kennedys: A Family Album", which became a bestseller.
Question: Based on what, a form of polyalphabetic substitution uses a series of interwoven Caesar ciphers for encrypting alphabetic text?

Sukhotin's algorithm (introduced by Boris V. Sukhotin) is a statistical classification algorithm for classifying characters in a text as vowels or consonants.  It may also be of use in some of substitution ciphers and has been considered in deciphering the Voynich manuscript, though one problem is to agree on the set of symbols the manuscript is written in. <SEP> The Vigenère cipher is a method of encrypting alphabetic text by using a series of interwoven Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a keyword.  It is a form of polyalphabetic substitution. <SEP> The grill method (Polish: "metoda rusztu" ), in cryptology, was a method used chiefly early on, before the advent of the cyclometer, by the mathematician-cryptologists of the Polish Cipher Bureau ("Biuro Szyfrów") in decrypting German Enigma machine ciphers.  The Enigma rotor cipher machine changes plaintext characters into cipher text using a different permutation for each character, and so implements a polyalphabetic substitution cipher. <SEP>  The Vigenère cipher is probably the best-known example of a polyalphabetic cipher, though it is a simplified special case.  The Enigma machine is more complex but still fundamentally a polyalphabetic substitution cipher. A polyalphabetic cipher is any cipher based on substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets.
Question: David Lang was nominated for an Academy Award for "Simple Song #3" in a film that was released in what year?

"Simple Song#3" or "Simple Song Number 3" is an original song sung by South Korean singer Sumi Jo.  The song was released as the lead single from the soundtrack album of 2015 film "Youth" written and composed by American composer David Lang. <SEP> This is a list of Polish Academy Award winners and nominees.  This list details the performances of Polish actors, actresses, and films that have either been submitted or nominated for, or have won, an Academy Award.  This list is current as of the 80th Academy Awards ceremony held on February 24, 2008.  There were 12 Academy Awards given to Polish filmmakers or their work (see Foreign Film category), including two Honorary Academy Awards and a Technical Achievement Award.  The category of Cinematography has the strongest presence of Polish filmmakers, with two wins (both by Janusz Kamiński) and five other nominations (including two noms for Kamiński).  As of that, the cinematographer Janusz Kamiński is the most Oscar-awarded Polish filmmaker.  The second most-awarded Pole was designer Anton Grot, who won one Academy Award and was nominated to the Oscars five times more.  The director Roman Polanski won an Oscar and was nominated four more times (additionally, "Knife in the Water", film directed and written by him was also nominated).  The composer Bronislau Kaper was awarded an Oscar and was nominated three times more. <SEP>  Co-founder of the musical collective Bang on a Can, he was awarded the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Music for "The Little Match Girl Passion", which went on to win a 2010 Grammy Award for Best Small Ensemble Performance.  He was nominated for an Academy Award for "Simple Song #3" from the film "Youth". David Lang (born January 8, 1957) is an American composer living in New York City. <SEP>  It is the director's second English language film, and stars Michael Caine and Harvey Keitel as best friends who reflect on their lives while holidaying in the Swiss Alps.  It is a story of the eternal struggle between age and youth, the past and the future, life and death, commitment and betrayal.  The cast also includes Rachel Weisz, Paul Dano, and Jane Fonda. Youth is a 2015 Italian comedy-drama film written and directed by Paolo Sorrentino.
Question: Jereme Leafe is originally from a ton in Grafton County, New Hampshire, that is located along a bend in what river?

 The population was 788 at the 2010 census.  The town is located along a bend of the Connecticut River, across from Barnet, Vermont. Monroe is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States.  It was originally chartered as part of Lyman. <SEP> Montcalm is an unincorporated community in the town of Enfield in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States.  It is located along a portion of old New Hampshire Route 10 that remains after most of the road was replaced by Interstate 89.  The stretch of old road is only accessible from Exit 15 on I-89; in both directions from the exit the old road reaches a dead end.  (Present-day Route 10 follows Interstate 89 in a concurrency through this area.)  The elevation is 1211 ft above sea level. <SEP> Woodsville is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Haverhill in Grafton County, New Hampshire, U.S., along the Connecticut River at the mouth of the Ammonoosuc River.  The population was 1,126 at the 2010 census.  Although North Haverhill is now the county seat of Grafton County, the village of Woodsville has traditionally been considered the county seat, as the county courthouse was originally located there.  The county buildings are now located halfway between Woodsville and the village of North Haverhill to the south. <SEP> Jereme Leafe is a professional mountainboarder.  He is originally from Monroe, New Hampshire.
Question: The "To You I Belong" singers broke up when when which member decided to leave?

"To You I Belong" is a song by Irish girl group B*Witched.  It was released as the third single from their eponymous debut album (1998).  It reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in December 1998.  It was their third UK chart-topping single. <SEP> John Garcia (born September 4, 1970) is a vocalist and songwriter.  Garcia is best known as the vocalist and founding member of Kyuss, Slo Burn, and Unida.  Garcia recently performed in Vista Chino with former Kyuss drummer Brant Bjork although the band broke up in 2014 after a falling out which caused Garcia to leave the band.  Garcia and Bjork have since decided to continue their individual solo projects, with Garcia releasing his debut album "John Garcia" on July 25, 2014. <SEP>  Originally active between 1997 and 2002, they enjoyed success in both Europe and North America between 1998 and 2000, releasing two albums and eight singles, all of which made the UK Top 20.  Their first four singles, "C'est la Vie", "Rollercoaster", "To You I Belong" and "Blame It on the Weatherman", all reached number one in the UK Singles Chart.  In 2002, having sold over 3 million albums worldwide, B*Witched were dropped by their record company.  Soon afterwards, when O'Carroll decided to leave, the group split up. B*Witched are an Irish girl group consisting of twin sisters Edele and Keavy Lynch, Lindsay Armaou, and Sinéad O'Carroll.  In 2006, the Lynch sisters formed a group, Ms. Lynch, frequently performing B*Witched material at live shows. <SEP> The discography of B*Witched, an Irish pop girl group, consists of two studio album, one extended play and one compilation.  The group released their debut single "C'est la Vie" on 25 May 1998.  Despite mixed reviews, it reached Number 1 on the UK charts, making them the youngest female group ever to do so, and also made Number 9 in the US.  Subsequent singles "Rollercoaster", "To You I Belong" and "Blame It on the Weatherman" also topped the UK charts.  The group's debut album, "B*Witched", was released in October 1998, reaching Number 3 in the UK charts and was certified Double Platinum in the UK and Platinum in the US.  B*Witched's second album, "Awake and Breathe", released almost exactly a year after their debut, peaked at Number 5 on the charts and was certified Platinum.  Singles from the album were less successful than earlier releases ("Jesse Hold On" reached Number 4, "I Shall Be There" Number 13 and "Jump Down" Number 16 in the UK).  The latter two appeared on their new American EP, "Across America 2000", along with live tracks and the earlier cover of "Does Your Mother Know".  However, in September 2002, the group officially split when O'Carroll decided to leave the band.
Question: What channel is the British soap opera starring a nominee for the 1992 BAFTA TV Award for Best Light Entertainment Performance shown on?

The Windsors is a British soap opera and parody of the British Royal Family, the House of Windsor, shown on Channel 4, first broadcast in April 2016 and starring Harry Enfield, Haydn Gwynne, Katy Wix, Hugh Skinner, Louise Ford, Morgana Robinson, Richard Goulding, and Ellie White. <SEP>  She was nominated for the 1992 BAFTA TV Award for Best Light Entertainment Performance for the comedy series "Drop the Dead Donkey" (1990–91), and won the 2009 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical for her role in the Broadway production of "Billy Elliot the Musical".  She is also a four-time Olivier Award nominee. Haydn Gwynne (born 1957) is an English actress.  Her other television roles include "Peak Practice" (1999–2000), "Merseybeat" (2001–02), and playing Camilla in "The Windsors" (2016). <SEP> Hollyoaks is a British soap opera, first broadcast on Channel 4 on 23 October 1995.  It was originally devised by Phil Redmond, who had previously conceived the Channel 4 soap "Brookside".  The programme is set in a fictional suburb of Chester called Hollyoaks, and features a large cast of characters primarily aged between 16 and 35.  It is mostly filmed and produced in Childwall, Liverpool, although nearby locations are sometimes used.  Beginning with a cast of just seven major characters in 1995, the serial now has approximately 50 main cast members.  "Hollyoaks" has a high cast turnover in comparison with other British soaps; as of May 2014, just thirty-seven characters have spent five years or longer on the show.  The programme has won 28 British Soap Awards, 11 Inside Soap Awards, one "TRIC Award" and one National Television Award; at the 2014 British Soap Awards, "Hollyoaks" won Best British Soap for the first time, breaking the 15-year draw between rival soaps "EastEnders" and "Coronation Street".  It is also popular around the world.  The longest-serving cast member is Nick Pickard, who has played Tony Hutchinson since the first episode in 1995; all the other original characters left before 2000. <SEP> Dame Katherine Patricia Routledge, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born 17 February 1929), professionally billed as Patricia Routledge, is an English actress and singer.  She is best known for her role as Hyacinth Bucket in the BBC sitcom "Keeping Up Appearances" (1990–95), for which she was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Light Entertainment Performance in 1992 and 1993.  Her film appearances include "To Sir, with Love" (1967) and "Don't Raise the Bridge, Lower the River" (1968).
Question: What two countries participated in the war between 1617-1618 in order to take Polish pressure off of Russia?

Polish–Lithuanian relations date from the 13th century, after the Grand Duchy of Lithuania under Mindaugas acquired some of the territory of Rus' and thus established a border with the then-fragmented Kingdom of Poland.  Polish-Lithuanian relations subsequently improved, ultimately leading to a personal union between the two states.  From the mid-16th to the late-18th century Poland and Lithuania merged to form the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a state that was dissolved following their partition by Austria, Prussia and Russia.  After the two states regained independence following the First World War, Polish-Lithuanian relations steadily worsened due to rising nationalist sentiments.  Competing claims to the Vilnius region led to armed conflict and deteriorating relations in the interwar period.  During the Second World War Polish and Lithuanian territories were occupied by both the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany, but relations between Poles and Lithuanians remained hostile.  Following the end of World War II, both Poland and Lithuania found themselves in the Eastern Bloc, Poland as a Soviet satellite state, Lithuania as a Soviet republic.  With the fall of communism relations between the two countries were reestablished. <SEP>  It continued the war of 1600–11 and was an attempt by Sweden to take Polish pressure off Russia.  The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was then also fighting Tartars and (on the southern front) the Ottoman Empire.  Russia and Sweden were at that stage allied, prior to the Ingrian War, part of the Polish–Muscovite Wars.  The 1617–18 war's cause was a dispute over Livonia and Estonia, and a dispute between Sigismund III Vasa and Gustavus Adolphus over the Swedish throne. The Polish–Swedish War (1617–18) was a phase of the longer Polish–Swedish War of 1600 to 1629. <SEP>  Broadly construed, the term refers to a series of wars between 1563 and 1721. The Polish–Swedish Wars were a series of wars between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Sweden.  More narrowly, it refers to particular wars between 1600 and 1629.  These are the wars included under the broader use of the term: <SEP> The "8th" annual (void) Venice International Film Festival was held from September 1 to September 8, 1940, less than three months after Italy had belatedly entered the Second World War as Germany’s ally.  Together with the 1941 and 1942 it is 'considered void- as if they did not happen'.  The events were held in places far away from the Lido, and very few countries participated due to World War II and directors that were members of the Rome-Berlin axis.  In fact the Festival lost its ‘international’ designation that year, as the war had reduced the number of participating nations to just three: Italy, Germany and, in a sparring role, Hungary.  It became therefore the "Manifestazione cinematografica italo-tedesca", to reflect its Italo-German character.  The two countries participated with seven feature films each, while Hungary had three.
Question: Which movie to premiere at the Sundance Film Festival was nominated for more awards, Comandante, or Blackfish?

L ("Learning") is a Greek movie produced in 2011, directed by Babis Makridis, written by Babis Makridis and Efthymis Filippou, based on an original idea by Yorgos Giokas.  It is the first Greek movie selected to compete at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival (19–29 January 2012) where its international premiere will take place.  The movie is also nominated to compete in the official Tiger Awards competition in the International Film Festival Rotterdam (25 January – 5 February 2012) where its European premiere will take place.The film was nominated for Best Script award at the Hellenic Film Academy Awards.  A six-minute extract of the movie was first released at the Work Progress Section of the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, at the Czech Republic in July 2011.  L is Makridis's first feature film.  His short film "The Last Fakir" (2005) was awarded the "Newcomer's Prize" at the 2005 International Short Film Festival in Drama which takes place in Greece. <SEP> Comandante is a political documentary film by American director Oliver Stone.  In the film, Stone interviews Cuban leader Fidel Castro on a diverse range of topics.  Stone and his film crew visited Castro in Cuba for three days in 2002, and the film was released in 2003, having its premiere at the Sundance Film Festival early that year. <SEP> The Trip to Italy is a 2014 British comedy film, written and directed by Michael Winterbottom.  It is the sequel of Winterbottom's TV series "The Trip", whose second series also titled "The Trip to Italy" broadcast on BBC Two, following the film's premiere at the Sundance Film Festival.  The film had its world premiere at 2014 Sundance Film Festival on 20 January 2014. <SEP>  It concerns Tilikum, an orca held by SeaWorld and the controversy over captive killer whales.  The film premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2013, and was picked up by Magnolia Pictures and CNN Films for wider release. Blackfish is a 2013 American documentary film directed by Gabriela Cowperthwaite.  It was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Documentary.
Question: What album was R.E.M. song "Strange Currencies" on?

"E-Bow the Letter" is the first single from R.E.M.'s tenth studio album "New Adventures in Hi-Fi".  It was released in August 1996 just weeks before the album's release.  During the same month, R.E.M. signed its then record-breaking five-album contract with Warner Bros.  Records.  Although it peaked at number 4 on the UK Singles Chart, the highest any R.E.M. song charted in the UK until "The Great Beyond" in 2000, the song fared less well in the United States, reaching only number 49 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.  It became R.E.M.'s lowest charting lead single since "Fall on Me" released from "Lifes Rich Pageant" in 1986, when the band was on a smaller record label, I.R.S. Records. <SEP>  It was included on the album "Monster" and was also released as the album's third single in 1995. "Strange Currencies" is a song by R.E.M..  The single hit number 9 on the UK Singles Chart and peaked at number 47 in the United States.  Like "Everybody Hurts" on R.E.M.'s previous album, it is in 6/8. <SEP> "Pretty Persuasion" is a song by R.E.M. that was first released on the band's 1984 album "Reckoning".  Although not released as a single, it reached number 44 on "Billboard"'s Rock Tracks chart.  According to R.E.M. biographer Tony Fletcher, it is often regarded as "the 'archetypal' R.E.M. anthem". <SEP>  Records.  Co-produced by the band and Scott Litt and recorded in four different recording studios, "Monster" was an intentional stylistic shift from the group's preceding albums, "Out of Time" (1991) and "Automatic for the People" (1992), consisting of loud, distorted guitar tones and simple song arrangements.  Singer Michael Stipe's lyrics on the album dealt with the nature of celebrity, which he sang while assuming various characters. Monster is the ninth studio album by the American alternative rock band R.E.M., released in September 1994 on Warner Bros.
Question: What "Full House" actor co-wrote an album released in September 2012?

 The song was featured on the band’s first album entitled "Pink Balloon," released in September 2012.  It was co-written by Diamond Carter’s front man, Tyler Tuohy, the bands producer, Michael Gigante, and actor John Stamos, who also directed the song’s music video in March of 2014. “Let yourself be Loved” is a song by Indie Rock band Diamond Carter. <SEP> I Know What Love Isn't is the third studio album by Swedish indie pop musician Jens Lekman.  The album was released in Europe on 3 September 2012 by Service and in the United States on 4 September 2012 by Secretly Canadian.  "I Know What Love Isn't" was the final album released by Service, who had been Lekman's European label since 2004. <SEP>  He first gained recognition for his contract role as Blackie Parrish on "General Hospital" for which he was nominated for the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series.  He is known for his work in television, especially in his starring role as Jesse Katsopolis on the ABC sitcom "Full House".  Since the show's finale in 1995, Stamos has appeared in numerous TV films and series.  Since 2005, he has been the national spokesperson for Project Cuddle. John Phillip Stamos ( ; born August 19, 1963) is an American actor, producer, and musician. <SEP> The Hipsters is the sixth studio album released by Scottish pop group Deacon Blue.  The album was released by Demon Music on 24 September 2012, making it their first studio album in eleven years.  The album's lead single, "The Hipsters" was released on 23 September 2012.
Question: What are the policies and theories of this Turkish army officer and revolutionary, whose mansion is called Yalova Atatürk Mansion, known as?

Yalova Atatürk Mansion (Turkish: "Yalova Atatürk Köşkü" ) is a mansion built for and used by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk during his visits to the thermal facilities in Yalova at Marmara Region, Turkey.  Currently, the building is owned by the Turkish Grand National Assembly and is partly open to public as a house museum. <SEP> Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (] ; 19 May 1881  – 10 November 1938) was a Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and founder of the Republic of Turkey, serving as its first President from 1923 until his death in 1938.  Ideologically a secularist and nationalist, his policies and theories became known as Kemalism. <SEP> Nureddin Ibrahim Pasha (Turkish: "Nurettin Paşa, Nureddin İbrahim Paşa" ; 1873 – 18 February 1932), known as Nureddin İbrahim Konyar after 1934 and often called Bearded Nureddin (Turkish: "Sakallı Nurettin" ), was a Turkish military officer who served in the Ottoman Empire during World War I and in the Turkish army during the Eastern Front of the Turkish War of Independence.  To distinguish him from namesakes, he was called Beard Nureddin because he was the only high-ranking Turkish officer during the Turkish War of Independence sporting a beard.  He is known as one of the most important commanders of the War. <SEP> The Izmir Atatürk Museum is a museum in İzmir, Turkey.  Founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, a Turkish army officer, revolutionary, and the first President of Turkey, the Izmir Atatürk Museum opened to the public on 11 September 1941, on the 19th anniversary of Atatürk’s arrival in Izmir.  On 13 May 1988 it was officially named the Izmir Atatürk Museum, which it is called today.
Question: What American actor who was born on February 12, 1968 will be featured in the twelfth installment in the "X-Men" film series?

Josh James Brolin ( ; born February 12, 1968) is an American actor.  His first role was in the 1985 film "The Goonies".  Since then he has appeared in a wide number of films, and is best known for his work as Llewelyn Moss in "No Country for Old Men", young Agent K in "Men in Black 3", George W. Bush in "W." and Dan White in "Milk", for which he received Academy Award and SAG Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor.  Other roles include "Hollow Man", "In the Valley of Elah", "American Gangster", "True Grit", and "".  In 2015, he appeared in "Everest" and "Sicario".  He has also made two appearances through motion capture and voice acting as the villain Thanos in the Marvel Cinematic Universe, a role he is slated to reprise in the upcoming films "" and the untitled Avengers film.  In April 2017, Brolin was cast as Nathan Summers / Cable as a part of a four-film contract in the "X-Men" film series, with his first appearance intended to be in "Deadpool 2". <SEP> Shake, Rattle and Roll 12 is a 2010 Filpino horror anthology from Regal Films.  It is the twelfth installment of "Shake, Rattle & Roll" film series.  It was also distributed by the Regal Entertainment, Inc. and Regal Multimedia, Inc.  It was an official entry in the 2010 Metro Manila Film Festival. <SEP> X-Men: Dark Phoenix is an upcoming American superhero film based on Marvel Comics' X-Men characters, distributed by 20th Century Fox.  It is intended to be the thirteenth installment in the "X-Men" film series, and the beginning of a new "X-Men" trilogy.  The film is being written and directed by Simon Kinberg, and is set to star James McAvoy, Michael Fassbender, Jennifer Lawrence, Nicholas Hoult, Tye Sheridan, Sophie Turner, Alexandra Shipp, Kodi Smit-McPhee, Evan Peters, and Jessica Chastain.  In "X-Men: Dark Phoenix", the X-Men must face the full power of the Dark Phoenix as well as the alien Shi'ar empire. <SEP> Deadpool 2 is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Deadpool, distributed by 20th Century Fox.  The film is being directed by David Leitch from a script by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick, with Ryan Reynolds starring in the title role alongside Morena Baccarin, T. J. Miller, Leslie Uggams, Brianna Hildebrand, Stefan Kapičić, Zazie Beetz, Josh Brolin, and Jack Kesy.  It is intended to be the twelfth installment in the "X-Men" film series, and a sequel to the 2016 film "Deadpool".
Question: What is the birth date of this Tyrolean mountaineer, agricultural scientist, geographer, and cartographer who played the husband of Lhak[a Tsamchoe in Seven Years in TIbet?

Lhakpa Tsamchoe (born 1972) is an Indian born Tibetan actress.  She is the first Tibetan woman ever to break into mainstream film; most famous for starring alongside Brad Pitt and David Thewlis in the 1997 Hollywood blockbuster "Seven Years in Tibet", in which she played Pema Lhaki, a Tibetan tailor and wife of Austrian mountaineer, Peter Aufschnaiter. <SEP> Ram Badan Singh is an Indian agricultural scientist, academic and the chancellor of the Central Agricultural University.  He is the president of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences.  An alumnus of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences of the New York State University and a holder of a doctoral degree in genetics, he is a former assistance director of the Food and Agricultural Organization and a former regional representative for Asia-Pacific region of the organization.  He served as a member of the "National Commission on Farmers" and as the chairman of the Agricultural Scientist Recruitment Board, a Government of India agency.  He is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India and the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences and a recipients honors such as Banaras Hindu University Distinguished Alumnus Award, Lal Bahadur Shastri Memorial International Scientist Award, Dr. Zhu Shoumin International College of Nutrition Award and CALS Distinguished Alumnus Award.  The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 2003, for his contributions to science. <SEP> Heinrich Harrer (] ; 6 July 1912 – 7 January 2006) was an Austrian mountaineer, sportsman, geographer, and author.  He is best known for being on the four-man climbing team that made the first ascent of the North Face of the Eiger in Switzerland, and for his books "Seven Years in Tibet" (1952) and "The White Spider" (1959). <SEP>  His experiences with fellow climber Heinrich Harrer during World War II were depicted in the 1997 film "Seven Years in Tibet". Peter Aufschnaiter (2 November 1899 – 12 October 1973) was a Tyrolean mountaineer, agricultural scientist, geographer, and cartographer.
Question: The U.S. Navy battleship featured in "Under Siege" had what two nicknames?

 It stars Steven Seagal as an ex-Navy SEAL who must stop a group of mercenaries, led by Tommy Lee Jones and Gary Busey, on the U.S. Navy battleship USS "Missouri".  It is Seagal's most successful film in critical and financial terms, including two Academy Award nominations for sound production.  The musical score was composed by Gary Chang.  It was followed by a 1995 sequel, "". Under Siege is a 1992 American action-thriller film directed by Andrew Davis and written by J.F. Lawton. <SEP>  "Missouri" was the last battleship commissioned by the United States and is best remembered as the site of the surrender of the Empire of Japan which ended World War II. USS "Missouri" (BB-63) ("Mighty Mo" or "Big Mo") is a United States Navy "Iowa"-class battleship and was the third ship of the U.S. Navy to be named after the U.S. state of Missouri. <SEP> The two "Nevada"-class battleship s were the first Standard-type battleships produced by the U.S. Navy, and also the first to use triple main turrets.  "Nevada" (BB-36) and "Oklahoma" (BB-37) were both ordered in March 1911.  In armament, armor, and propulsion the "Nevada" class represented a considerable evolution in battleship design and, in being designed specifically to fight at extreme gunnery ranges, was actually well ahead of its time.  They would be followed by the "Pennsylvania"-class battleship s. <SEP> USS "Recruit, also known as the Landship "Recruit, was a wooden mockup of a dreadnought battleship constructed by the United States Navy in Manhattan in New York City, as a recruiting tool and training ship during the First World War.  Commissioned as if it were a normal vessel of the U.S. Navy and manned by a crew of trainee sailors, "Recruit" was located in Union Square from 1917 until the end of the war.  In 1920, with the reduced requirements for manning in the post-war Navy, "Recruit" was decommissioned, dismantled, and moved to Coney Island. " The New York Times" reported at the time that the "Landship" had helped the U.S. Navy recruit 25,000 men into the service—625 times the size of her own crew, and enough to crew twenty-eight "Nevada"-class battleships.
Question: The cousin of a five-time NBA All-Star in the San Antonio Spurs plays for which Major League Soccer team?

The San Antonio Spurs are an American professional basketball team based in San Antonio, Texas.  They are a member of the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA).  The franchise was founded as the Dallas Chaparrals of the American Basketball Association (ABA) in 1967.  The team suffered from poor attendance and general disinterest by fans in Dallas, and the name "Dallas" was dropped in favor of "Texas" during the 1970–71 season in an attempt to make the team regional.  This also proved to be a failure, and the team returned full-time to use "Dallas" for the 1971–72 season.  The team was put up for sale after missing the playoffs in the 1972–73 season.  The team was acquired by a group of 36 San Antonio businessmen, led by Angelo Drossos and Red McCombs, who relocated the team to San Antonio, Texas and renamed it to Spurs.  In 1976, the ABA folded, threatening the future of San Antonio's sole professional sports franchise.  The NBA, however, decided to admit four ABA teams into the league, including the Spurs, along with the Denver Nuggets, the Indiana Pacers and the New York Nets. <SEP> Timothy Theodore Duncan (born April 25, 1976) is an American retired professional basketball player who played his entire 19-year career with the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Widely considered to be the greatest power forward of all time, he is a five-time NBA champion, two-time NBA MVP, three-time NBA Finals MVP, NBA All-Star Game MVP and NBA Rookie of the Year.  He is also a 15-time NBA All-Star and the only player to be selected to both the All-NBA and All-Defensive Teams in all of his first 13 seasons. <SEP> Marlon Hairston (born March 23, 1994) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Colorado Rapids in Major League Soccer.  He is a cousin of San Antonio Spurs basketball player LaMarcus Aldridge. <SEP>  The power forward played college basketball for two seasons at the University of Texas. LaMarcus Nurae Aldridge (born July 19, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Aldridge was selected second overall in the 2006 NBA draft.  After spending nine seasons with the Portland Trail Blazers, he signed with the Spurs in 2015.  He has been selected to four All-NBA teams and is a five-time NBA All-Star.
Question: Which restaurant was opened first, America's Incredible Pizza Company or Happy Joe's?

 The first restaurant opened in Springfield in 2002. America's Incredible Pizza Company (AIPC) is an American restaurant chain based in Springfield, Missouri.  The restaurants are pizza buffets and entertainment centers.  The company has 1,200 employees, and a revenue of $64.1 million. <SEP> John’s Incredible Pizza Company is an American all-you-can-eat buffet restaurant and entertainment business founded by John Parlet in 1997.  The company has 11 locations on the United States West Coast.  Its corporate office is located in Rancho Santa Margarita, California. <SEP> The presence of pizza restaurant chains has contributed to a significant increase in pizza consumption in China.  This also had an effect of introducing cheese as a culinary ingredient and everyday food in China, which was relatively uncommon in Chinese cuisine prior to the emergence of pizza chains.  Pizza Hut opened its first store in China in 1990, and several pizza restaurant chains exist in China today. <SEP> Happy Joe's Pizza & Ice Cream Parlor is an American pizza parlor chain based in Bettendorf, Iowa.  The restaurant chain was founded in 1972 by Lawrence Joseph "Happy Joe" Whitty, a former Shakey's Pizza manager.  Its 61 restaurants are mostly located in the Midwestern United States (in Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Minnesota, North Dakota and Wisconsin). , although the company is also present in Arizona.  The idea for Happy Joe's came from a combination of a pizza parlor and ice cream palace.
Question: Who starred in The Man in 3B in 2015 and in Greenleaf in 2016?

The Man in 3B is a 2015 American mystery crime-thriller film directed by Trey Haley.  The film is based on the novel of the same name written by "The New York Times" best-selling author Carl Weber.  "The Man in 3B" stars an ensemble cast that includes Lamman Rucker, Christian Keyes, Anthony Montgomery, Robert Ri'chard, DB Woodside, Kellita Smith, James Black, Jackée Harry, Marla Gibbs, and Billy Dee Williams.  The film was released on November 6, 2015. <SEP> Lamman Rucker (born October 6, 1971) is an American actor.  Rucker began his career on the daytime soap operas "As the World Turns" and "All My Children", before roles in Tyler Perry's films "Why Did I Get Married? ", "Why Did I Get Married Too? ", and "Meet the Browns", and its television adaptation.  In 2016, he began starring as Jacob Greenleaf in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series, "Greenleaf". <SEP> 3B Lab (3B Lab , surī bī labo ) , often stylized "3B LAB. ☆", "3B Lab.Star", or "3B Lab.s", is a Japanese punk rock group.  Its members are Okahira Kenji who used to be in 19, Chiba Takatoshi who provided musics for Kawahara Ayako, Tamakoshi Masahiro, and Uneoki Shuji. <SEP> Rui Luís Reis is a Portuguese scientist known for his research in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, biomaterials, biomimetics, stem cells, and biodegradable polymers.  Reis is Professor of tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and stem cells at the Department of Polymer Engineering, School of Engineering of the University of Minho.  He is the Director of the 3B's Research Group, which specializes in the areas of regenerative Medicine, tissue engineering, stem cells and biomaterials.  He is also the Director of the ICVS/3B´s Associate Laboratory of UMinho.  He is also the CEO of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine.  Rui L. Reis is also, since 2013, the Vice-Rector (Vice-President) for research of UMinho.  Since 2007 he is also editor-in-chief of the "Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine".  He is since 2016 and until 2018 the Global (World) President of the Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society (TERMIS).  He is the responsible and PI of the EU funded project for the creation of the new center of Excelence, with headquarters in AvePark in Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães, the Discoveries Center for Regenerative and Precision Medicine in a Teaming process between University of Minho, University College London, University of Porto, University of Aveiro, University of Lisbon, University NOVA Lisbon.
Question: In addition to his role in Scream 3, which role did Patrick Warburton play on the show Seinfeld?

The Adventures of Seinfeld & Superman was a pair of advertisement films promoting American Express, featuring Jerry Seinfeld as himself and Patrick Warburton (who appeared with Seinfeld on "Seinfeld", as David Puddy) as the voice of Superman.  The two films, "A Uniform Used to Mean Something..." and "Hindsight is 20/20", each about five minutes in length, were directed by Barry Levinson.  In addition to being on the Internet, they aired on television during 2004 and once on TBS in 2003.  In addition to promoting American Express, the premise of the films were to show Seinfeld and Superman as friends, and much of the humor originated from the various situations the two found themselves in.  For example, Superman is anticipating hooking up Seinfeld's TV to surround sound, despite the fact that he has super-hearing as Jerry points out. <SEP>  It stars David Arquette, Neve Campbell, Courteney Cox, Patrick Dempsey, Scott Foley, Lance Henriksen, Matt Keeslar, Jenny McCarthy, Emily Mortimer, Parker Posey, Deon Richmond, and Patrick Warburton.  Released as the third installment in the "Scream" franchise, it was the concluding chapter of the series until the franchise was revived in 2011 with a sequel, "Scream 4". Scream 3 is a 2000 American slasher film directed by Wes Craven and written by Ehren Kruger. <SEP>  In television, he is known for playing David Puddy on "Seinfeld", the title role on "The Tick", Jeb Denton on "Less Than Perfect", Jeff Bingham on "Rules of Engagement", and Lemony Snicket on "A Series of Unfortunate Events".  His voice roles include Kronk in "The Emperor's New Groove" and its sequels, paraplegic police officer Joe Swanson on "Family Guy", Brock Samson on "The Venture Bros", Lok in the "Tak and the Power of Juju" video game series and in the television series and Flynn in "Skylanders" video games. Patrick John Warburton (born November 14, 1964) is an American comedic actor and voice actor.  In advertising he has played a "control enthusiast" in a series of commercials for National Car Rental. <SEP> Joe Dirt 2: Beautiful Loser is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Fred Wolf and written by David Spade and Fred Wolf.  It is the sequel to the 2001 film "Joe Dirt".  The film stars David Spade reprising his role as the title character, Brittany Daniel, Dennis Miller, Adam Beach, Christopher Walken, Mark McGrath and Patrick Warburton.  The film premiered on Crackle on July 16, 2015.
Question: Richard C. Reames sometimes teaches at a scool located located near where?

 He sometimes teaches at the John C. Campbell Folk School.  He coined the word "arborsculpture", as a substitute for the word pleaching. Richard C. Reames (born September 20, 1957) is an American arborsculptor, and nurseryman, author of two self-published books and a public speaker who lives and works in Williams, Oregon. <SEP> Henry H. and Bettie S. Knight Farm is a historic farm and national historic district located near Knightdale, Wake County, North Carolina.  The district encompasses six contributing buildings on a family farm located near Knightsdale.  The farmhouse was built about 1890, and is a 1 1/2-story, Queen Anne style frame dwelling with a cross-gable roof and a series of later additions and alterations.  The other contributing buildings are the dairy (c. 1890), storage building (c. 1900), storage shed (c. 1900), and two barns (c. 1890 and c. 1900). <SEP> The Oak Street Connector, officially known as the Richard C. Lee Highway (named after former New Haven mayor Richard C. Lee), is a 1.05 mi freeway section of Route 34 that is located in downtown New Haven, Connecticut, United States.  The freeway begins at the junction of Interstate 95 and Interstate 91 and ends at York Street/the Air Rights parking garage. <SEP>  The school was founded to nurture and preserve the folk arts of the Appalachian Mountains, it is a non-profit adult educational organization based on non-competitive learning.  Founded in 1925, the Folk School's motto is “I sing behind the plow”. The John C. Campbell Folk School, also referred to as "The Folk School" is located near Brasstown, North Carolina along the Cherokee County and Clay line.
Question: Scott Carpenter was the second American to orbit the Earth, after the first American orbited the Earth, circling it three times, in what year?

Vostok 2 (Russian: Восток-2 , "Orient 2" or "East 2") was a Soviet space mission which carried cosmonaut Gherman Titov into orbit for a full day on August 6, 1961 to study the effects of a more prolonged period of weightlessness on the human body.  Titov orbited the Earth over 17 times, exceeding the single orbit of Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1 − as well as the suborbital spaceflights of American astronauts Alan Shepard and Gus Grissom aboard their respective Mercury-Redstone 3 and 4 missions.  Indeed, Titov's number of orbits and flight time would not be surpassed by an American astronaut until Gordon Cooper's Mercury-Atlas 9 spaceflight in May 1963. <SEP>  He was one of the original seven astronauts selected for NASA's Project Mercury in April 1959. Malcolm Scott Carpenter (May 1, 1925 – October 10, 2013), (Cmdr, USN), was an American naval officer and aviator, test pilot, aeronautical engineer, astronaut, and aquanaut.  Carpenter was the second American (after John Glenn) to orbit the Earth and the fourth American in space, following Alan Shepard, Gus Grissom, and Glenn. <SEP>  In 1962 he became the first American to orbit the Earth, circling it three times. John Herschel Glenn Jr. (July 18, 1921 – December 8, 2016) was a United States Marine Corps aviator, engineer, astronaut, and United States Senator from Ohio. <SEP> Apollo 8, the second human spaceflight mission in the United States Apollo space program, was launched on December 21, 1968, and became the first crewed spacecraft to leave Earth orbit, reach the Earth's Moon, orbit it and return safely to Earth.  The three-astronaut crew — Commander Frank Borman, Command Module Pilot James Lovell, and Lunar Module Pilot William Anders — became the first humans to: travel beyond low Earth orbit; escape Earth's gravity; see Earth as a whole planet; enter the gravity well of another celestial body (Earth's moon); orbit another celestial body (Earth's moon); directly see the far side of the Moon with their own eyes; witness an Earthrise; escape the gravity of another celestial body (Earth's moon); and re-enter the gravitational well of Earth.  The 1968 mission, the third flight of the Saturn V rocket and that rocket's first crewed launch, was also the first human spaceflight launch from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida, located adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.
Question: What military installation that defended the eastern entrance to Long Island Sound as part of the Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound is on Fishers Island?

The Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound was a United States Army Coast Artillery Corps harbor defense command.  It coordinated the coast defenses of Long Island Sound and Connecticut from 1895 to 1950, beginning with the Endicott program.  These included both coast artillery forts (all but two on islands in the sound) and underwater minefields.  The area defended included the approach via the Sound to New York City, the port cities and manufacturing centers of New London, New Haven, and Bridgeport, and eventually included the submarine base and shipyard in Groton.  The command originated circa 1900 as an Artillery District, was renamed Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1913, and again renamed Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound in 1925. <SEP> Glacial Lake Connecticut formed over what is now Long Island Sound and coastal Connecticut at the fore edge of the ice sheet of the Wisconsin glaciation, as the lobe of the Laurentide ice sheet began to retreat, some 18 to 20,000 years before present.  It was dammed by the terminal moraine that now forms the spine of Long Island and Fishers Island.  About 15,000 BP, the moraine dam that impounded Lake Connecticut failed; the outlet, known as The Race for its tidal rip currents, lies between the North Fork of Long Island and Fishers Island.  For a time, much of the lake bed was exposed to wind-driven erosion: the cue is found in soundings that reveal regional unconformities in the sediment bed of Long Island Sound. <SEP> Fort Michie was a United States Army coastal defense site on Great Gull Island, New York.  Along with Fort H. G. Wright, Fort Terry, and Camp Hero, it defended the eastern entrance to Long Island Sound as part of the Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound, thus defending Connecticut's ports and the north shore of Long Island. <SEP>  It was part of the Harbor Defenses of Long Island Sound, along with Fort Terry, Fort Michie, and (in World War II) Camp Hero.  These forts defended the eastern entrance of Long Island Sound and thus Connecticut's ports and the north shore of Long Island.  The fort was named for Union General Horatio G. Wright, a former Chief of Engineers who was born in Clinton, Connecticut. Fort H. G. Wright was a United States military installation on Fishers Island in the town of Southold, New York, just two miles off the coast of southeastern Connecticut, but technically in New York.
Question: Andrews Outlier is an Ancestral Puebloan archeological site south of a park containing the most sweeping collection of ancient ruins north of where?

Bluff Great House is an Ancestral Puebloan great house and archeological site located in southeastern Utah, United States.  The site lies near the north bank of the San Juan River, approximately 130 miles northwest of Chaco Culture National Historical Park.  It contained between fifty and sixty rooms, with four kivas and a great kiva nearby.  Two ancient road segments were found in the area, and several berms were leveled to create a terrace, which is rare in Chacoan sites.  The great house was partially excavated from 1996 to 2004, and archeologists believe the site was constructed, in at least two stages, between 1075 and 1150 CE by Chacoans who interacted with the Puebloan residents of both Mesa Verde and Kayenta, Arizona.  Bluff Great House was abandoned  1250 . <SEP> Bis sa'ani (Navajo: "clay in place" ) is an Ancestral Puebloan great house and small house community and archeological site.  Located in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, United States, it contains thirty-five rooms and lies near the south of Escavada Wash 8 miles from Pueblo Bonito.  While outside the canyon, it is not considered an outlier, but included within the core group of ruins.  There are several small house sites in the area, but no great kiva.  Bis sa'ani was occupied during the early 11th century. <SEP> Chaco Culture National Historical Park is a United States National Historical Park hosting the densest and most exceptional concentration of pueblos in the American Southwest.  The park is located in northwestern New Mexico, between Albuquerque and Farmington, in a remote canyon cut by the Chaco Wash.  Containing the most sweeping collection of ancient ruins north of Mexico, the park preserves one of the most important pre-Columbian cultural and historical areas in the United States. <SEP> Andrews Outlier is an Ancestral Puebloan archeological site located in the Red Mesa Valley in the southern portion of the San Juan Basin, approximately 50 miles south of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, United States.  The site is notable for its three great kivas and thirty small house structures.  The area has not been excavated, but the visible architecture indicates that the primary purpose of the buildings was community rituals.  Andrews Outlier was occupied from around 900 to 1100 CE.  The site is owned by The Archaeological Conservancy and administered by the US Bureau of Land Management.