Question: Who directed the 1998 American action drama film in which John Malkovich starred?

British actor Christian Bale has starred in various films, as well as advertisements and a video game.  He made his acting debut in 1986, on the television film "".  The following year, he made his film debut starring alongside John Malkovich and Miranda Richardson in the war film "Empire of the Sun".  Bale's role of a young boy, interned in China by the Japanese, received praise from most film critics.  Two years later, Bale had a minor role in "Henry V", a drama film based on William Shakespeare's play "The Life of Henry the Fifth".  It has been considered one of the best Shakespeare film adaptations ever made.  In 1992, Bale starred as Jack Kelly in the Walt Disney musical drama "Newsies", which was a critical and commercial failure; however, it gained a cult following.  He received a role in the 1994 drama "Little Women", which garnered positive reviews.  Bale lent his voice for the Disney animated film "Pocahontas" in 1995, although it received a mixed reception and attained box office success.  He starred as British journalist Arthur Stuart in the Todd Haynes-directed drama "Velvet Goldmine" (1998).  Although critics were divided on the film, Bale's role was "eagerly anticipated".  Bale portrayed Demetrius in the critically praised 1999 film "A Midsummer Night's Dream", an adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name, directed by Michael Hoffman.  The same year, he portrayed Jesus of Nazareth in the television movie "Mary, Mother of Jesus". <SEP> The Patriot is a 1998 American action drama film loosely based on the novel "The Last Canadian" by William C. Heine.  The film stars Steven Seagal and is directed by Dean Semler.  The plot involves an American patriot who has to foil the plot of a militia to release a deadly virus.  It is Seagal's first direct-to-video film. <SEP>  The picture uses characters from Alexandre Dumas' D'Artagnan Romances and is very loosely adapted from some plot elements of "The Vicomte de Bragelonne". The Man in the Iron Mask is a 1998 American action drama film directed, produced, and written by Randall Wallace, and starring Leonardo DiCaprio in a dual role as the title character and villain, Jeremy Irons as Aramis, John Malkovich as Athos, Gerard Depardieu as Porthos, and Gabriel Byrne as D'Artagnan. <SEP> American actor, director, and producer John Malkovich has appeared in more than 70 motion pictures.  He started acting in the 1980s, appearing in the films "Places in the Heart" (1984) with Sally Field, "Death of a Salesman" (1985), "The Glass Menagerie" (1987), "Empire of the Sun" (1987), and "Dangerous Liaisons" (1988) with Glenn Close.  During the 1990s, he starred in the films "Of Mice and Men" (1992) as Lennie Small, "In the Line of Fire" (1993) as Mitch Leary, "Beyond the Clouds" (1995) as The Director, "The Portrait of a Lady" (1996) Gilbert Osmond, "Con Air" (1997) as Cyrus "The Virus" Grissom, "The Man in the Iron Mask" (1998) as Athos, "Being John Malkovich" (1999) as John Horatio Malkovich, and "" (1999) as Charles VII.  His role in "Places in the Heart" earned him an Academy Award nomination.  His role as Mitch Leary in "In the Line of Fire" earned him his second Academy Award nomination.