winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: The cuisine of New England includes New England-style hot dog buns, seafood, and dairy products and boasts of which favored cooking techniques?

 It is characterized by extensive use of seafood and dairy products, which results from its historical reliance on its seaports and fishing industry, as well as extensive dairy farming in inland regions.  Many of New England's earliest Puritan settlers were from eastern England, where baking foods was more common than frying, such as pies, beans, and turkey, as was the tradition elsewhere.  Two prominent characteristic foodstuffs native to New England are maple syrup and cranberries.  The traditional standard starch is potato, though rice has a somewhat increased popularity in modern cooking.  New England cuisine is known for limited use of spices aside from ground black pepper, although parsley and sage are common, with a few Caribbean additions such as nutmeg. New England cuisine is an American cuisine which originated in the New England region of the United States.  Use of cream is common, due to the reliance on dairy.  The favored cooking techniques are stewing, steaming, and baking. <SEP> This is a list of Jamaican dishes and foods.  Jamaican cuisine includes a mixture of cooking techniques, flavors, spices and influences from the indigenous people on the island of Jamaica, and the Spanish, British, Africans, Indian and Chinese who have inhabited the island.  It is also influenced by the crops introduced into the island from tropical West Africa and Southeast Asia, which are now grown locally.  Jamaican cuisine includes dishes from the different cultures brought to the island, while other dishes are novel or a fusion of techniques and traditions.  A wide variety of seafood, tropical fruits and meats are available. <SEP> from the Irish "Ór Nua" meaning "new gold" (previously known as The Irish Dairy Board) is an Irish agri-food co-operative, which markets and sells dairy products on behalf of its members; Irish dairy processors and Irish dairy farmers.  The co-operative is Ireland’s largest exporter of Irish dairy products and owns the Kerrygold butter brand as well as Kerrygold Irish Cream Liqueur.  In conjunction to the Kerrygold brand, its brand portfolio consists of Pilgrims Choice, Dubliner, Shannongold, and BEO milk powder.  On 31 March 2015, Ornua transformed its corporate identity from the Irish Dairy Board to Ornua – The Home of Irish Dairy. <SEP> New England-style hot dog buns, also often known as New England hot dog buns or top-loading hot dog buns, are the hot dog buns most commonly used in the United States region of New England and its cuisine.  They may also be called split-top, top-sliced, or frankfurter rolls.
Question: What small village is located approximately 2 miles from a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England?

Croft is a small village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England.  The village is situated approximately 2 mi north-east from Wainfleet, and 4 mi south-west from Skegness. <SEP> Chapel St. Leonards is a village and civil parish in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England.  It is situated 5 mi north from the resort of Skegness. <SEP> Hogsthorpe is a small village in the East Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England.  It is situated approximately 2 mi from the North Sea and Chapel St Leonards, and about 7 mi north from Skegness.  Through Hogsthorpe runs the A52, the main road connecting the village to the nearby resorts of Skegness, Mablethorpe and Ingoldmells. <SEP> Belton is a small village and civil parish in the North West Leicestershire district of Leicestershire, England.  The village is located approximately 2 miles northwest of the town of Shepshed, 5.5 miles west-northwest of Loughborough, and 6 miles northeast of Ashby-de-la-Zouch.
Question: What company was headed by Johnny Adair and had Alan McCullough serve as military commander?

The Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia (German: "Gebiet des Militärbefehlshabers in Serbien" ) was the area of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia that was placed under a military government of occupation by the Wehrmacht following the invasion, occupation and dismantling of Yugoslavia in April 1941.  The territory included only central Serbia, with the addition of the northern part of Kosovo (around Kosovska Mitrovica), and the Banat.  This territory was the only area of partitioned Yugoslavia in which the German occupants established a military government.  This was due to the key rail and riverine transport routes that passed through it, and its valuable resources, particularly non-ferrous metals. On 22 April 1941, the territory was placed under the supreme authority of the German military commander in Serbia, with the day-to-day administration of the territory under the control of the chief of the military administration staff.  The lines of command and control in the occupied territory were never unified, and were made more complex by the appointment of direct representatives of senior Nazi figures such as "Reichsführer-SS" Heinrich Himmler (for police and security matters), "Reichsmarschall" Hermann Göring (for the economy), and "Reichsminister" Joachim von Ribbentrop (for foreign affairs).  The Germans used Bulgarian troops to assist in the occupation, but they were at all times under German control.  Sources variously describe the territory as a puppet state, a protectorate, a "special administrative province", or describe it as having a puppet government.  The military commander in Serbia had very limited German garrison troops and police detachments to maintain order, but could request assistance from a corps of three divisions of poorly-equipped occupation troops. <SEP> Donald Hodgen (born 25 May 1963) is a Northern Irish loyalist and a former member of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA).  He was best known as the commander and chief enforcer of West Belfast Brigade leader Johnny Adair's notorious C Company which operated on the Shankill Road. <SEP> Alan McCullough (July 1981 – 28 May 2003) was a leading Northern Irish loyalist and a member of the Ulster Defence Association (UDA).  He served as the organisation's military commander for the West Belfast Brigade's notorious C Company which was then headed by Johnny Adair. <SEP>  This was a cover name used by the Ulster Defence Association (UDA), a loyalist paramilitary organisation. Jonathan Adair (born 27 October 1963), better known as Johnny Adair or Mad Dog Adair, is an Ulster loyalist and the former leader of the "C Company", 2nd Battalion Shankill Road, West Belfast Brigade of the Ulster Freedom Fighters (UFF).  In 2002 Adair was expelled from the organisation following a violent internal power struggle.  Since 2003, he, his family and a number of supporters have been forced to leave Northern Ireland by the mainstream UDA.
Question: What relationship does Stevie Mann have to an Irish singer-songwriter born in 1973?

 Rice began his musical career as a member of the 1990s rock group Juniper, which were signed to Polygram Records in 1997.  The band enjoyed moderate success with a couple of single releases, but a projected album floundered because of record company politics. Damien Rice (born 7 December 1973) is an Irish singer-songwriter, musician and record producer.  After leaving the band he worked as a farmer in Tuscany and busked throughout Europe before returning to Ireland in 2001 and beginning a solo musical career, and the rest of the band went on to become Bell X1.  In 2002 his debut album "O" reached No. 8 on the UK albums chart, won the Shortlist Music Prize and generated three top-30 singles in the UK.  Rice released his second album "9" in 2006 and his songs have appeared in numerous films and television episodes.  After eight years of various collaborations, Rice released his third studio album "My Favourite Faded Fantasy" on 31 October 2014.  Rice's personal activities include musical contributions to charitable projects such as the , Freedom Campaign and the Enough Project. <SEP> Stephen Patrick Mann (born 20 February 1976 in Belfast, Northern Ireland) is an Irish singer-songwriter and Music Producer, who is known for being the lead singer of rock band Nine Lies.  He is second cousin of singer songwriter Damien Rice. <SEP> Nine Lies is an Irish rock band from Belfast.  Formed in 2003, the group consists of Stevie Mann (vocals, lyrics and production), Dave Kernohan (guitar and vocals), Nick Black (guitars), Stephen 'Stoogie' McAuley (drums) and John Rossi (bass guitar, keyboards and vocals).  John started his professional career in the late 1990s playing keyboards for another Irish rock band Snow Patrol.  Nine Lies' early sound was rooted in post-Brit Pop but eventually grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music.  Throughout the group's musical pursuits, they have maintained a sound built on melodic instrumentals.  Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal themes and sociopolitical concerns. <SEP> "All in Love Is Fair" is a song by American singer-songwriter Stevie Wonder for his sixteenth studio album, "Innervisions" (1973).  Written and produced by Wonder, it was released as a 7" single in Brazil in 1974.  The song is a pop ballad with lyrics that describe the end of a relationship through the use of clichés.  Critical reaction to the song was varied: Matthew Greenwald of AllMusic wrote that it was among Wonder's "finest ballad statements", but Robert Christgau felt that the singer's performance was "immature".  Wonder has included it on several of his greatest hits albums, including the most recent, 2005's "The Complete Stevie Wonder".
Question: In addition to jazz dance, Sérgio Benvindo Júnior, was said to have danced in a style closely related to what?

Contemporary dance is a dance performance genre that developed during the mid twentieth century and has since grown to become one of the dominant genres for formally trained dancers throughout the world, with particularly strong popularity in the U.S. and Europe.  Although originally informed by and borrowing from classical, modern, and jazz styles, it has since come to incorporate elements from many styles of dance.  Due to its technical similarities, it is often perceived to be closely related to modern dance, ballet and other classical concert dance styles. <SEP> Giordano Dance Chicago, formerly Giordano Jazz Dance Chicago, is a jazz dance company based in Chicago, Illinois.  Founded by Gus Giordano in 1963 as Dance Incorporated Chicago, it has toured worldwide, including as the first jazz dance company in the Soviet Union in 1974.  The company has received widespread critical acclaim, and is said to have been the first jazz dance company. <SEP> Jewel McGowan (1921-1962) is best known as a dancer of Lindy Hop, a form of swing dance, in the 1940s and 1950s.  She also danced in other, non-swing films, and with modern jazz dance pioneer Jack Cole.  She is known among dance aficionados as the frequent partner of dancer Dean Collins.  McGowan was considered by her fellow Los Angeles dancers to be the best female swing dancer who ever lived.  In addition to their social dancing, Collins and McGowan appeared together as dancers in films of the era.  They were partners for 11 years.  McGowan is especially known for her hip swivels. <SEP>  Lives in Stockholm. Sérgio Benvindo Júnior, born 1989, is a Swedish contemporary dancer. Born in Brazil, he moved to Västerås when he was 7 years old.  He first began to dance disco.  Later he danced a lot of contemporary and jazz dance.
Question: Which genus contains more species, Pachystachys or Mazus?

Pachyornis is an extinct genus of ratites from New Zealand which belonged to the moa family.  Like all ratites it was a member of the order Struthioniformes.  The Struthioniformes are flightless birds with a sternum without a keel.  They also have a distinctive palate.  This genus contains three species, and are part of the Anomalopteryginae or lesser moa subfamily.  "Pachyornis" moa were the stoutest and most heavy-legged genus of the family.  The most notable species being "Pachyornis elephantopus" - the Heavy-Footed Moa.  They were generally similar to the Eastern Moa or the Broad-billed moa of the genus "Euryapteryx", but differed in having a pointed bill and being more heavyset in general.  At least one species ("P. australis") is assumed to have had a crest of long feathers on its head.  The species became rapidly extinct following human colonization of New Zealand, with the possible exception of "P. australis", which may have already been extinct by then. <SEP>  They are evergreen perennials and shrubs bearing prominent terminal spikes of flowers with brightly coloured bracts. Pachystachys is a genus of 12 species of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae, native to rainforest in the Caribbean and Central and South America. <SEP> Mazus is a genus of low-growing perennial plants.  It has been placed in various plant families including Phrymaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and recently in the family Mazaceae.  Consisting of around 30 species, this genus is generally found in damp habitats in lowland or mountain regions of China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand. <SEP> Banksiamyces is a genus of fungi in the order Helotiales, with a tentative placement in the family Helotiaceae.  The genus contains four species, which grow on the seed follicles of the dead infructescences or "cones" of various species of "Banksia", a genus in the plant family Proteaceae endemic to Australia.  Fruit bodies of the fungus appear as small (typically less than 10 mm diameter), shallow dark cups on the follicles of the "Banksia" fruit.  The edges of dry fruit bodies fold inwards, appearing like narrow slits.  The first specimens of "Banksiamyces", known then as "Tympanis toomansis", were described in 1887.  Specimens continued to be collected occasionally for almost 100 years before becoming examined more critically in the early 1980s, leading to the creation of a new genus to contain what was determined to be three distinct species, "B. katerinae", "B. macrocarpus", and "B. toomansis".  A fourth species, "B. maccannii", was added in 1984.
Question: Redbone was a single from which 2016 Childish Gambino studio album?

"Awaken, My Love!"  It was released on December 2, 2016, by Glassnote Records.  is the third studio album by American rapper and singer Childish Gambino.  Consisting of tracks being sung rather than rapped, its fusion of psychedelic soul, funk and R&B influences was considered a bold departure from the predominately hip hop style of his prior work.  The album was produced by Glover and his longtime collaborator, Ludwig Göransson. <SEP> "Me and Your Mama" is a single by American rapper and singer Childish Gambino.  It was released on November 10, 2016 worldwide, and serves as the first single from his third studio album ""Awaken, My Love!" ".  The song received universal acclaim from music critics. <SEP> "Redbone" is a song recorded by American rapper and singer Childish Gambino.  It was released on November 17, 2016, and serves as the second single from his third studio album ""Awaken, My Love!" ". <SEP> Reason is a song by Belgian recording artist Selah Sue.  It was written by Sue, Evan Kidd Bogart, Ludwig Goransson, and Childish Gambino for her same-titled second studio album (2015), the latter of which also appears a guest vocalist on the song.  Distributed by Warner Music Group, it was released as the album's second single by Because Music on February 22, 2016.
Question: Did Gevork Minaskanian or Victor Maghakian do more for the pharmaceutical industry?

Victor Maghakian, also known as Captain Victor "Transport" Maghakian (Armenian: Վիգդոր Մաղաքեան ) (December 30, 1915 – August 17, 1977), was an Armenian American member of the United States Marine Corps during World War II.  Having received over two dozen medals and awards, he is considered one of the most decorated American soldiers of the war. <SEP> These are Wikipedia lists about the pharmaceutical industry.  The pharmaceutical industry develops, produces, and markets drugs or pharmaceuticals licensed for use as medications. Pharmaceutical companies are allowed to deal in generic or brand medications and medical devices.  They are subject to a variety of laws and regulations regarding the production, testing, and marketing of drugs. <SEP> The pharmaceutical industry in Pakistan has grown during the last few decades.  At the time of the independence of Pakistan in 1947, there were few production units in the country.  Currently Pakistan has more than 800 large volume pharmaceutical formulation units, including those operated by 25 multinationals present in the country.  The Pakistan Pharmaceutical Industry meets around 90% of the country's demand of finished dosage forms and 4% of Active ingredients. Specialized finished dosage forms such as soft gelatin capsules, parenteral fat emulsions and Metered-dose inhalers continue to be imported.  There are only a few bulk drug Active ingredient producers and Pakistan mainly depends on imports of bulk drugs for its formulation needs resulting in frequent drug shortages.  Political disturbances and allegations of under-invoicing add to the uncertainty of imports and clashes with the customs and tax authorities are common. <SEP>  Rotigotine is a drug developed to mimic the actions of dopamine in the brain to help cope with restless legs syndrome and the abnormal movements(dyskinesia) found in Parkinson's disease patients.  This drug is an alternative to oral medications for treatment of Parkinson's disease, considered by the VCU Department of Chemistry as "an unprecedented medication for the benefit of millions of Parkinson's patient worldwide."  Minaskanian’s main contribution to Neupro was improving the efficiency of manufacturing rotigotine, thereby making the process commercially viable and enabling patients to afford this important medication.  Dr. Minaskanian is the inventor and author of over 50 patents and publications in various fields of organic and medicinal chemistry.  Some of his US patents include patents 5,470,848; 4,801,586; 5,234,959; 5,118,676; and other related research done on rotigotine and Neupro US patent 7,309,497 found in the United States Patent and Trademark Office linked to the penetration enhancers for transdermal delivery of systemic agents. Gevork Minaskanian, Ph.D., is a research professor in the Department of Chemistry at Virginia Commonwealth University and Co-founder/Vice President of Synthetic Chemistry at Aderis Pharmaceuticals who was a contributor to the development of rotigotine and Neupro (a transdermalpatch that delivers rotigotine).
Question: The singer who released the single "Treat Me Like Fire" (2012) was born in what year?

Lion Babe is an American electro soul duo from New York City.  The duo is made up of singer Jillian Hervey and record producer Lucas Goodman.  Following their meeting through a mutual friend, the pair released the single "Treat Me Like Fire" (2012), which raised their profile and led them to sign a record deal with Interscope.  Following the signing, the duo released their self-titled debut EP in 2014. <SEP> "The One I Gave My Heart To" is a R&B/pop song by American singer Aaliyah.  The song is the sixth and final single from Aaliyah's second album "One in a Million".  The song was written by Diane Warren and the album version was produced by Daryl Simmons, while the single version was produced by Guy Roche.  The song is a ballad where the protagonist asks how could the man she gave her heart to be the same one who hurt her feelings so harshly.  The song was released on September 16, 1997 as a double A-side with "Hot Like Fire". <SEP> Gabriel S. Hardeman, Jr. (December 13, 1943 – June 23, 2012), was an American gospel musician, pianist, and leader of the Gabriel Hardeman Delegation that included his wife Annette.  He started his music career, in 1976, with the release of "Gabriel Hardeman Delegation" by Savoy Records.  Along with his wife, they formed Birthright Records, and in 1981 they released the album "Talk" along with "Feels Like Fire" in 1983.  His fourth album, "To the Chief Musician", released in 2001 by Crystal Rose Records, and this placed at No. 12 on the "Billboard" magazine Gospel Albums chart.  Hardeman was a noted songwriter along with his wife Annette of such songs as 1987's "I Feel Good All Over" by Stephanie Mills and "Love Under New Management" by Miki Howard in 1989. <SEP> Jillian Hervey (born June 19, 1989) is an American singer, dancer and member of the group Lion Babe.  She is the daughter of Ramon Hervey II and singer, actress and former Miss America Vanessa Williams.
Question: What inhabited island hosts the flowering shrub known as the Osteomeles anthyllidifolia?

Osteomeles anthyllidifolia, commonly called ʻ Ūlei, eluehe, uʻ ulei, Hawaiian rose, or Hawaiian hawthorn, is a species of flowering shrub in the rose family, Rosaceae, that is indigenous to Hawaiʻ i (all islands but "Kahoʻ olawe" and "Niʻ ihau"), the Cook Islands, Tonga, Pitcairn Island, and Rapa Iti, Taiwan and the Ryukyu islands of Japan. <SEP> Ceanothus foliosus is a species of flowering shrub known by the common name Wavyleaf ceanothus. <SEP> Brighamia rockii, known as the Molokai ohaha or Pua ʻ ala in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family, Campanulaceae, that is endemic to the island of Molokaʻ i in Hawaii.  "Pua ʻ ala" inhabits mesic shrublands and forests on rocky cliffs from sea level to 470 m on the island's northern windward coast.  Associated plants include "ʻ ōhiʻ a lehua" ("Metrosideros polymorpha"), "alaheʻ e" ("Psydrax odorata"), "lama" ("Diospyros sandwicensis"), "ʻ ūlei" ("Osteomeles anthyllidifolia"), and "naupaka" ("Scaevola gaudichaudii"). <SEP> The Pitcairn Islands ( ; Pitkern: "Pitkern Ailen "), officially Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands, are a group of four volcanic islands in the southern Pacific Ocean that form the last British Overseas Territory in the Pacific.  The four islandsPitcairn, Henderson, Ducie, and Oenoare spread over several hundred miles of ocean and have a total land area of about 47 sqkm .  Only Pitcairn, the second-largest island that measures about 3.6 km from east to west, is inhabited.
Question:  Elisabeth Gürtler is the managing director of what Austrian hotel, featuring an art gallery?

The Beaverbrook Art Gallery is a public art gallery in Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.  It is named after William Maxwell "Max" Aitken, Lord Beaverbrook, who funded the building of the gallery and assembled the original collection.  It opened in 1959 with over 300 works, including paintings by J.M.W. Turner and Salvador Dalí.  The Beaverbrook Art Gallery is New Brunswick's officially designated provincial art gallery.  The building has undergone several expansions, the latest of which began in 2015 and is expected to be completed in 2017.  Gallery director and CEO Terry Graff stated that this "expansion and revitalization" aimed to make the gallery "an important destination for national and international contemporary art". <SEP>  It is famous for the specialty of the house, the Sachertorte, a chocolate cake with apricot filling. The Hotel Sacher is a five-star hotel located in the Innere Stadt first district of Vienna, Austria, vis-à-vis to the Vienna State Opera.  There is also an art gallery in the hotel with works from the 19th century.  The hotel is built near the former residence of Antonio Vivaldi. <SEP>  She is managing director of the Hotel Sacher, Vienna's most famous hotel. Elisabeth Gürtler-Mauthner (born May 7, 1950) is an Austrian businesswoman. <SEP> Elisabeth Cummings (born 1934 in Brisbane), is now one of Australia's most respected living artists and was listed in Australian Art Collector in 2002 as one of the 50 most collectable.  She has won the Fleurieu Art Prize, The Portia Geach Portrait Prize, The Mosman Art Prize, and The Tattersalls Art Prize amongst others,and is represented in many private and public collections including Artbank, The Queensland Art Gallery, The Gold Coast City Art Gallery and the Art Gallery of New South Wales.
Question: Who introduced a map that was used by a Nobel Prize winning physicist to work out the theory of quantum angular momentum?

Julian Seymour Schwinger (February 12, 1918 – July 16, 1994) was a Nobel Prize winning American theoretical physicist.  He is best known for his work on the theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED), in particular for developing a relativistically invariant perturbation theory, and for renormalizing QED to one loop order.  Schwinger was a physics professor at several universities. <SEP> The Stern–Gerlach experiment demonstrated that the spatial orientation of angular momentum is quantized.  It demonstrated that atomic-scale systems have intrinsically quantum properties, and that measurement in quantum mechanics affects the system being measured.  In the original experiment, silver atoms were sent through a non-uniform magnetic field, which deflected them before they struck a detector screen.  Other kinds of particles can be used.  If the particles have a magnetic moment related to their spin angular momentum, the magnetic field gradient deflects them from a straight path.  The screen reveals discrete points of accumulation rather than a continuous distribution, owing to the quantum nature of spin.  Historically, this experiment was decisive in convincing physicists of the reality of angular momentum quantization in all atomic-scale systems. <SEP> The photomagneton is a theoretical treatment of the unitary group in quantum field theory and quantum chemistry that effectively describes the experimentally observed inverse Faraday effect.  When circularly polarized light travels through a plasma, the angular momentum associated to the circular motion of the photons induces an angular momentum in the electrons of the plasma.  This angular momentum induces an associated magnetic field. <SEP> In theoretical physics, the Jordan map, often also called the Jordan–Schwinger map is a map from matrices M to bilinear expressions of quantum oscillators which expedites computation of representations of Lie Algebras occurring in physics.  It was introduced by Pascual Jordan in 1935 and was utilized by Julian Schwinger in 1952 to re-work out the theory of quantum angular momentum efficiently, given that map’s ease of organizing the (symmetric) representations of su(2) in Fock space.
Question: The inventor of Mayer's reagent and one of the founders of thermodynamics, Julius von Mayer was the first to enunciate what phrase, known as the first law of thermodynamics?

Levy Mayer (October 23, 1858 – August 14, 1922) was an American lawyer from Virginia.  A child prodigy of law, Mayer graduated from Yale Law School before he could even legally practice the profession in his hometown of Chicago, Illinois.  After several years organizing the Chicago Law Library, Mayer practiced with Adolf Kraus.  Mayer became one of the most infamous lawyers in Chicago by defending large corporations against anti-trust litigation.  Furthermore, he successfully defended the Iroqouis Theater and its manager in the aftermath of the Iroquois Theatre fire.  At the time of his death, he was considered one of the richest lawyers in the United States.  He is the namesake of Levy Mayer Hall at Northwestern University and his law firm is today known as Mayer Brown. <SEP> Rudolf Julius Emanuel Clausius (2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) was a German physicist and mathematician and is considered one of the central founders of the science of thermodynamics.  By his restatement of Sadi Carnot's principle known as the Carnot cycle, he gave the theory of heat a truer and sounder basis.  His most important paper, "On the Moving Force of Heat", published in 1850, first stated the basic ideas of the second law of thermodynamics.  In 1865 he introduced the concept of entropy.  In 1870 he introduced the virial theorem which applied to heat. <SEP>  Mayer’s reagent is freshly prepared by dissolving a mixture of mercuric chloride (1.36 g) and of potassium iodide (5.00 g) in water (100.0 ml).  Most alkaloids are precipitated from neutral or slightly acidic solution by Mayer’s reagent (potassiomercuric iodide solution) to give a cream coloured precipitate. Mayer's reagent is an alkaloidal precipitating reagent used for the detection of alkaloids in natural products.  This test was invented by the German Chemist, Julius Robert Von Mayer (1814–1878). <SEP> Julius Robert Mayer (November 25, 1814 – March 20, 1878) was a German physician, chemist and physicist and one of the founders of thermodynamics.  He is best known for enunciating in 1841 one of the original statements of the conservation of energy or what is now known as one of the first versions of the first law of thermodynamics, namely that "energy can be neither created nor destroyed".  In 1842, Mayer described the vital chemical process now referred to as oxidation as the primary source of energy for any living creature.  His achievements were overlooked and priority for the discovery of the "mechanical equivalent of heat" was attributed to James Joule in the following year.  He also proposed that plants convert light into chemical energy.
Question: The actress that starred in Hot in Cleveland starred as what character in "Dream On?"

Ramona L. Brooks (January 8, 1951 – June 2, 2014) was an American singer and actress.  A member of Lady Flash, Barry Manilow's backup group, she sang on his 1975 Album "Tryin' to Get the Feeling".  She also performed on Lizzy Mercier Descloux's 1979 album "Press Color".  Tom Spahn was her vocal coach.  Her 1977 solo single "Skinnydippin" hit 94 on what is now the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, and "I Don't Want You Back" reached 55 on the U.S. Dance Club Songs chart in 1981.  On Broadway, she appeared with Doug Henning in "The Magic Show" at the Cort Theater, and with Billy Dee Williams in "I Have a Dream", at the Ambassador Theater in 1976.  Her brief movie career included appearing as "Hooker #1" in the 1980 Frank Sinatra vehicle The First Deadly Sin and as "Hooker #2" in 1983's "Vigilante".  Her brother Paul Stubblefield was the drummer for the 1970s Cleveland Jazz/Funk group Sounds of Unity and Love, her cousin is Hammond organ player Ike Stubblefield. <SEP> The third season of the TV Land original sitcom "Hot in Cleveland" premiered on November 30, 2011.  TV Land originally ordered 22 episodes but later increased the order to 24.  The series stars Valerie Bertinelli, Wendie Malick, Jane Leeves, and Betty White. <SEP> Sanaa McCoy Lathan (born September 19, 1971) is an American actress and voice actress.  She has starred in many films, including the box-office hit "The Best Man", its 2013 sequel, "The Best Man Holiday", "Love & Basketball", "Brown Sugar", "Alien vs. Predator" and "The Family That Preys".  Lathan was nominated for a Tony Award for her performance on Broadway in "A Raisin in the Sun".  From 2009 to 2013, she voiced Donna Tubbs in "The Cleveland Show".  In 2010, she starred in the all-black performance of "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof" at the Novello Theatre in London. <SEP>  She starred as Judith Tupper Stone in the HBO sitcom "Dream On" (1990–96), and as Nina Van Horn in the NBC sitcom "Just Shoot Me! Wendie Malick (born December 13, 1950) is an American actress, voice actress, comedienne and former fashion model, best known for her roles in television comedies. " (1997–2003), for which she was nominated for two Primetime Emmys and a Golden Globe Award.
Question: Which Canadian actress starring in the television series "Andromeda" starred with Steve Austin and Michael Jai White in Tactical Force?

 She portrayed the title role in the 2000–05 Canadian-American science fiction-adventure television series "Andromeda".  She also portrayed the female lead role of Rowan in the science fiction-horror movie "Jason X" (2001), the 10th installment of the "Friday the 13th" film series. Alexandra Lecciones "Lexa" Doig (born June 8, 1973) is a Canadian actress. <SEP> Tactical Force is 2011 Canadian action film written and directed by Adamo Paolo Cultraro, and starring Steve Austin, Michael Jai White, Candace Elaine, Keith Jardine, Michael Shanks, Michael Eklund, Darren Shahlavi, and Lexa Doig.  It was released on August 9, 2011 in North America by Vivendi Entertainment, and went on to become #10 in the top ten best selling DVDs in the United States for the month of August 2011.  It was released by Entertainment One in the United Kingdom and other foreign territories beginning October 31, 2011. <SEP> Michael Jai White (born November 10, 1967) is an American actor and martial artist who has appeared in numerous films and television series.  He is the first African American to portray a major comic book superhero in a major motion picture, having starred as Al Simmons, the protagonist in the 1997 film "Spawn".  White appeared as Marcus Williams in the Tyler Perry films "Why Did I Get Married? " and "Why Did I Get Married Too? ", and starred as the character on the TBS/OWN comedy-drama television series "Tyler Perry's For Better or Worse".  White portrayed Jax Briggs in "".  White also portrayed boxer Mike Tyson in the 1995 HBO television movie "Tyson", and starred as Black Dynamite. <SEP> Candace Elaine is a Canadian actress who has become a naturalized American citizen.  Born 1972 in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, Elaine is an accomplished dancer, fashionista, and stage and film actor.  She most recently appeared opposite Stone Cold Steve Austin, Michael Shanks, and Michael Jai White in the action feature "Tactical Force", playing the role of Ilya Kalashnikova.
Question: Sherilyn Fenn, who stars in the 2002 crime thriller film "Swindle," was nominated for both a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award for her performance on which TV series?

Tatiana Gabriele Maslany (born September 22, 1985) is a Canadian actress best known for playing multiple roles in the science fiction thriller TV series "Orphan Black" (2013–2017), which aired on Space in Canada and BBC America in the US.  For her performances in "Orphan Black", Maslany won the Primetime Emmy Award (2016), the TCA Award (2013), two Critics' Choice Television Awards (2013 and 2014), and four Canadian Screen Awards (2014–17), in addition to receiving a Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award nomination.  Maslany became the first Canadian actor from a Canadian series to win an Emmy Award in a key dramatic category. <SEP> Sherilyn Fenn (born Sheryl Ann Fenn; February 1, 1965) is an American actress.  She came to attention for her performance as Audrey Horne on the 1990 cult TV series "Twin Peaks" (1990–1991, 2017) for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award.  She is also known for her roles in "Wild at Heart" (1990), "Of Mice and Men" (1992), "Boxing Helena" (1993) and the television sitcom "Rude Awakening" (1998–2001). <SEP> Crime Zone (also known as Calles Peligrossas in Peru) is a 1989 American–Peruvian dystopian science fiction film directed by Luis Llosa, written by Daryl Haney, and starring David Carradine, Peter Nelson, Sherilyn Fenn, and Michael Shaner.  Carradine plays a mysterious stranger who recruits young lovers in an illicit romance (Nelson and Fenn) to commit a crime spree in a futuristic police state, promising them an avenue for escape.  The film was executive produced by Roger Corman, who came up with the original concept.  Due to a perceived lack of Peruvian qualities, it was better received by American than Peruvian critics.  Corman's New Concorde co-produced and distributed it.  After its Los Angeles premiere, it was released on VHS by MGM/UA. <SEP> Swindle is a 2002 crime thriller film written and directed by K.C. Bascombe and starring Tom Sizemore, Sherilyn Fenn and Dave Foley.
Question: The  outfielder who is most notable for winning the 1986 College World Series Most Outstanding Player award along with two other people a player nicknamed "Tito" and who else?

Littleton Fowler was an American baseball pitcher who is most notable for winning the 1961 College World Series Most Outstanding Player award while a sophomore at Oklahoma State University.  He was the third player from Oklahoma State University to win this award: Tom Borland (1955) and Jim Dobson (1959).  In that College World Series, he pitched 23 innings over five games, allowing only 14 hits with 13 strikeouts.  He is also in the Oklahoma State University Baseball Hall of Fame. <SEP>  He is one of three players from University of Arizona to win that award. Michael D. Senne (born June 5, 1964) was an outfielder who is most notable for winning the 1986 College World Series Most Outstanding Player award while a senior at University of Arizona.  The others are Steve Powers and Terry Francona. <SEP> Terrence Jon Francona (born April 22, 1959), nicknamed "Tito", is the manager of the Cleveland Indians of Major League Baseball (MLB).  Previously, he was the manager of the Boston Red Sox, whom he led to two World Series titles, and ended the franchise's 86-year-old championship drought. <SEP> David Jay "Chip" Glass (born June 24, 1971 in Willits, CA) is a former baseball outfielder who is most notable for winning the 1994 College World Series Most Outstanding Player award while a senior at University of Oklahoma.
Question: What is the middle name of the musician that American jazz guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter Joyce Cooling has preformed with who has the first and last initials "A" and "J" respectively?

 He received a total of seven Grammy Awards and was nominated for over a dozen more. Alwin Lopez "Al" Jarreau (March 12, 1940 – February 12, 2017) was an American singer and musician.  Jarreau is perhaps best known for his 1981 album "Breakin' Away".  He also sang the theme song of the late-1980s television series "Moonlighting", and was among the performers on the 1985 charity song "We Are the World." <SEP>  Cooling has performed with Joe Henderson, Stan Getz, Mark Murphy, Al Jarreau, and Charlie Byrd among others. Joyce Cooling is an American jazz guitarist, vocalist, and songwriter based in San Francisco. <SEP> John Paul "Bucky" Pizzarelli (born January 9, 1926) is an American jazz guitarist.  He is the father of jazz guitarist John Pizzarelli and double bassist Martin Pizzarelli.  He worked for NBC as a staffman for Dick Cavett (1971) and ABC with Bobby Rosengarden in (1952).  The list of musicians he has collaborated with includes Benny Goodman, Les Paul, and Stéphane Grappelli.  Pizzarelli cites as influences Django Reinhardt, Freddie Green, and George Van Eps. <SEP> Rova Saxophone Quartet is a San Francisco-based saxophone quartet formed in October 1977.  The name "Rova" is an acronym formed from the last initials of the founding members: Jon Raskin, Larry Ochs, Andrew Voigt, and Bruce Ackley.  When Voigt left in 1988, he was replaced by Steve Adams, but the group did not change the acronym.
Question: What part is an actor in The Ferryman best known for playing in Les Misérables?

John Owen-Jones (born 5 May 1971) is a Welsh musical theatre actor and singer, best known for his portrayals of Jean Valjean in Alain Boublil & Claude-Michel Schönberg's "Les Misérables" and of The Phantom in Andrew Lloyd Webber's "The Phantom of the Opera".  He most recently appeared as Valjean on the 25th Anniversary Tour of "Les Misérables", and as The Phantom in The Phantom Of The Opera UK Tour, as part of the 25th anniversary celebrations.  He has now recorded three studio albums. <SEP> Alistair Daniel Brammer (born 12 November 1988) is an English actor best known for playing Jean Prouvaire in both the 2010 special "" and the 2012 musical film "Les Misérables".  Performed as 'Chris' in Miss Saigon 2014 special anniversary performance. <SEP> Francis Martin "Fra" Fee (born 20 May 1987) is an Irish actor and singer, best known for playing Courfeyrac in Tom Hooper's film adaptation of "Les Misérables". <SEP>  It had its world premiere at the Royal Court Theatre on 24 April 2017 running to 20 May, directed by Sam Mendes. The Ferryman is a 2017 play by Jez Butterworth.  It is the fastest-selling play in Royal Court Theatre history.  The cast will include Paddy Considine, Laura Donnelly (the disappearance of her real-life uncle, Eugene Simons, was the inspiration for Butterworth's plot), Genevieve O'Reilly, Bríd Brennan, Fra Fee, John Hodgkinson, Stuart Graham, Gerard Horan, Carla Langley, Des McAleer, Conor MacNeill, Rob Malone, Dearbhla Molloy, Eugene O'Hare and Niall Wright.
Question: Which sport is played professionally by both Emilio Sánchez and Mahesh Bhupathi?

Mahesh Bhupathi Tennis Academy is a tennis training facility started by Indian tennis player Mahesh Bhupathi.  The Academy has facilities across 9 states in India as well as in the UAE. <SEP> Mahesh Shrinivas Bhupathi (born 7 June 1974) is a retired Indian professional tennis player.  In 1997, he became the first Indian to win a Grand Slam tournament (with Rika Hiraki).  With his win at the Australian Open mixed doubles in 2006, he joined the elite group of eight tennis players who have achieved a career Grand Slam in mixed doubles.  He is also the founder of International Premier Tennis League.  In December 2016, Bhupathi was appointed as India's next non-playing Davis Cup captain and took over the reins from Anand Amritraj in February 2017. <SEP> Emilio Ángel Sánchez Vicario (born 29 May 1965) is a former professional tennis player from Spain.  He won three Grand Slam doubles titles and the men's doubles silver medal at the 1988 Olympic Games.  He is the brother of multiple Grand Slam winner Arantxa.  Sanchez since retiring captained his nation to Davis Cup success in 2008.  In 2012 Sanchez was a tournament director for two wheelchair tennis events. <SEP> Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Todd Woodbridge were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Sánchez Vicario with Emilio Sánchez and Woodbridge with Helena Suková.
Question: The Snowy River originates on the slopes of a moutain in what national park?

 It originates on the slopes of Mount Kosciuszko, Australia's highest mainland peak, draining the eastern slopes of the Snowy Mountains in New South Wales, before flowing through the Alpine National Park and the Snowy River National Park in Victoria and emptying into Bass Strait. The Snowy River is a major river in south-eastern Australia. <SEP> The Hoh River is a river in the U.S. state of Washington, located on the Olympic Peninsula.  About 56 mi long, the Hoh River originates at the Hoh Glacier on Mount Olympus and flows west through the Olympic Mountains of Olympic National Park and Olympic National Forest, then through the foothills in a broad valley, emptying into the Pacific Ocean at the Hoh Indian Reservation.  The final portion of the Hoh River's course marks the boundary between the coastal segment of Olympic National Park and Olympic National Forest, the Hoh Indian Reservation. <SEP> The Clearwater River is on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand.  The river originates on the northern slopes of Mt Mitchell on the eastern end of the Victoria Range, only one valley north of the Fox Glacier and Fox River.  Clearwater River and its tributary creeks drain land to the north of the Cook (Weheka) River.  The river flows under a bridge of just north of the Fox Glacier township and passes close to Lake Matheson shortly after before flowing into Cook River, which drains into the Tasman Sea. <SEP> Mount Kosciuszko is a mountain located on the Main Range of the Snowy Mountains in Kosciuszko National Park, part of the Australian Alps National Parks and Reserves, in New South Wales, Australia and is located west of Crackenback and close to Jindabyne.
Question: In between Morris West and Christopher Isherwood who's  best-known works is "The Berlin Stories" (1935-39)?

 His best-known works include "The Berlin Stories" (1935-39), two semi-autobiographical novellas inspired by Isherwood's time in Weimar Republic Germany.  These enhanced his postwar reputation when they were adapted first into the play "I Am a Camera" (1951), then the 1955 film of the same name, "I Am a Camera (film)"; much later (1966) into the bravura stage musical "Cabaret (musical)" which was acclaimed on Broadway, its unsparing stance being substantially sweetened for the film "Cabaret" (1972). Christopher William Bradshaw Isherwood (26 August 1904 – 4 January 1986) was an English-American novelist.  His novel "A Single Man" was published in 1964. <SEP> Jean Iris Ross Cockburn (7 May 1911 – 27 April 1973) was a British cabaret singer, fashion model, political activist, and writer.  Ross partly served as the model for the fictional character Sally Bowles in Christopher Isherwood's "The Berlin Stories" (1935-39), later adapted into the long-running stage musical "Cabaret" and chosen by "Time" magazine as among the best English-language novels of the 20th century.  For the remainder of her life, Ross believed her popular association with the character of Sally Bowles overshadowed her life's work in political activism. <SEP>  His books were published in 27 languages and sold more than 60 million copies worldwide. Morris Langlo West AO (26 April 19169 October 1999) was an Australian novelist and playwright, best known for his novels "The Devil's Advocate" (1959), "The Shoes of the Fisherman" (1963) and "The Clowns of God" (1981).  Each new book he wrote after he became an established writer sold more than one million copies. <SEP> I Am a Camera is a British comedy-drama film released in 1955.  Based on "The Berlin Stories" by Christopher Isherwood and the play "I Am a Camera" by John Van Druten, the film is a fictionalized account of Isherwood's time living in Berlin between the World Wars.  Directed by Henry Cornelius from a script by John Collier, "I Am a Camera" stars Laurence Harvey as Isherwood and Julie Harris recreating her Tony Award winning performance as Sally Bowles.
Question: Who is the eldest daughter of a quartet formed during WWII?

The Orion String Quartet is a string quartet formed in 1987.  It is the quartet-in-residence of The Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center and New York's Mannes College The New School for Music.  The members are Todd and Daniel Phillips, brothers who alternate on first and second violin, violist Steven Tenenbom and cellist Timothy Eddy.  Members of the quartet teach at the Curtis Institute of Music, Mannes, Juilliard, Queens College, and the Bard College Conservatory of Music. <SEP>  Formed during World War II, the group recorded and performed into the 1990s. The Carter Sisters, (also known as the second version of The Carter Family) were an American singing quartet consisting of Maybelle Carter and her daughters June Carter Cash, Helen Carter, and Anita Carter. <SEP> Earl de Grey, of Wrest in the County of Bedford, was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.  It was created on 25 October 1816 (as Countess de Grey) for Amabell Hume-Campbell, Dowager Lady Polwarth and "suo jure" 5th Baroness Lucas, with remainder to the heirs male of her body and in default of such issue to her sister Mary Jemima Robinson, Dowager Baroness Grantham, and the heirs male of her body.  She was the eldest daughter and co-heir of Philip Yorke, 2nd Earl of Hardwicke, and Jemima Yorke, 2nd Marchioness Grey (see Marquess Grey), eldest daughter of John Campbell, 3rd Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, and Lady Amabel Grey, eldest daughter of Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Kent (see Duke of Kent).  The marquessate of Grey had become extinct on her mother's death in 1797 and when the Grey title was revived in favour of her daughter the style "de Grey" was used to distinguish it from the earldom of Grey which had been created in 1806; the Grey family was extremely distantly related to the Earl Grey).  The Countess de Grey was the widow of Alexander Hume-Campbell, Lord Polwarth, eldest son of Hugh Hume, 3rd Earl of Marchmont. <SEP> Helen Myrl Carter (September 19, 1927 – June 2, 1998) was an American country music singer.  The group was also known as The Carter Family.  The eldest daughter of Maybelle Carter, she performed with her mother and her younger sisters, June Carter and Anita Carter, as a member of "Mother Maybelle and the Carter Sisters", a pioneering all female country/folk music group.