winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: what was the American computer-animated fantasy film which  Aron Warner produced based on 

 He won an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature as a producer of the animated blockbuster "Shrek", in which he also voices the Big Bad Wolf. Aron J. Warner is an American actor and producer. <SEP> Shrek the Third is a 2007 American computer-animated fantasy comedy film and the third installment in the "Shrek" franchise, produced by DreamWorks Animation.  It is the sequel to 2004's "Shrek 2", and is the first in the series to be distributed by Paramount Pictures , which acquired DreamWorks Pictures, the former parent of DreamWorks Animation, in 2006.  Chris Miller and Raman Hui directed and co-directed the film, respectively, with the former also co-writing the screenplay with Jeffrey Price, Peter S. Seaman, and Aron Warner.  In addition to Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, Antonio Banderas, Rupert Everett, Julie Andrews, and John Cleese, who reprise their roles from "Shrek 2", the film also features Justin Timberlake in the role of Arthur Pendragon and Eric Idle as Merlin.  Harry Gregson-Williams composed the original music for the film.  The story takes place eight months after the marriage of Shrek and Fiona in the first film.  Reluctantly reigning over the kingdom of Far, Far Away, Shrek sets out to find the next heir to the throne—Fiona's cousin Artie, while Prince Charming is plotting to overthrow Shrek and become king. <SEP> Shrek is a 2001 American computer-animated fantasy film loosely based on William Steig's 1990 fairy tale picture book of the same name and directed by Andrew Adamson and Vicky Jenson in their directorial debut.  It stars the voices of Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, and John Lithgow, and somewhat serves as a parody of other films adapted from numerous fairy tales, mainly animated Disney films. <SEP> Brave is a 2012 American 3D computer-animated fantasy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures.  It was directed by Mark Andrews and Brenda Chapman and co-directed by Steve Purcell.  The story is by Chapman, with the screenplay by Andrews, Purcell, Chapman and Irene Mecchi.  The film was produced by Katherine Sarafian, with John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, and Pete Docter as executive producers.  The film's voice cast features Kelly Macdonald, Billy Connolly, Emma Thompson, Julie Walters, Robbie Coltrane, Kevin McKidd, and Craig Ferguson.  Set in the Scottish Highlands, the film tells the story of a princess named Merida who defies an age-old custom, causing chaos in the kingdom by expressing the desire not to be betrothed.
Question: Which composer was born later, Gaetano Donizetti or William Walton?

Il furioso all'isola di San Domingo "(The Madman on the Island of San Domingo)" is a "romantic melodramma" in two acts by the composer Gaetano Donizetti.  Jacopo Ferretti, who since 1821 had written five libretti for Donizetti and two for Rossini (including "La cenerentola"), had proposed the unusual subject and he was contracted to write the Italian libretto based on a five-act play of the same title by an unknown author in 1820, which "had been given in the same theatre [...] and which Donizetti had immediately loved".  However, as has been noted by Charles Osborne, the "ultimate derivation of both play and libretto is an episode in part 1 of "Don Quixote" by Miguel de Cervantes's published in 1605" which is the story of Cardenio and Lucinda. <SEP>  Along with Gioachino Rossini and Vincenzo Bellini, Donizetti was a leading composer of the "bel canto" opera style during the first half of the nineteenth century.  Donizetti's close association with the bel canto style was undoubtedly an influence on other composers such as Giuseppe Verdi (1813–1901). Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti (] ; 29 November 1797 – 8 April 1848) was an Italian composer. <SEP>  During a sixty-year career, he wrote music in several classical genres and styles, from film scores to opera.  His best-known works include "Façade", the cantata "Belshazzar's Feast", the Viola Concerto and the First Symphony. Sir William Turner Walton, OM (29 March 19028 March 1983) was an English composer. <SEP> Le duc d'Albe (its original French title) or Il duca d'Alba (its later Italian title) is an opera in three acts originally composed by Gaetano Donizetti in 1839 to a French language libretto by Eugène Scribe and Charles Duveyrier.  Its title, which translates as "The Duke of Alba", refers to its protagonist Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba.  The work was intended for performance at the Paris Opéra.  However, William Ashbrook notes that "Rosine Stoltz, the director's mistress, disliked her intended role of Hélène and Donizetti put the work aside when it was half completed"
Question: Ed Oxenbould plays Tyler in a film directed by which famous director?

The Visit is a 2015 American found footage horror film written and directed by M. Night Shyamalan, and starring Olivia DeJonge, Ed Oxenbould, Deanna Dunagan, Peter McRobbie, and Kathryn Hahn. <SEP> Aha Naa Pellanta is a 2011 Indian Telugu language comedy film written and directed by Veerabhadram .  It stars Allari Naresh, the son of famous director E. V. V. Satyanarayana and newcomer Ritu Barmecha in the lead roles.  Brahmanandam plays an important role.  The music is composed by Raghu Kunche.  The film was released on 2 March 2011. <SEP>  In 2014 he acted as the title character in "Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day", Dylan in "Paper Planes", and as Tyler in the film "The Visit". Ed Oxenbould (born 1 June 2001) is an Australian actor. <SEP> Paper Planes is a 2015 Australian 3D children's drama film directed by Robert Connolly which he co-wrote with Steve Worland and co-produced with Liz Kearney and Maggie Miles.  The film stars Sam Worthington, David Wenham, Deborah Mailman and Ed Oxenbould.  The film tells a story about Dylan, a young boy who lives in Australia who finds out that he has a talent for making paper planes and dreams of competing in the World Paper Plane Championships in Japan.
Question: How many times has the author of Negotiating with the Dead been shortlisted for the Booker Prize ?

James Kelman (born 9 June 1946) is a Scottish novelist, short story writer, playwright and essayist.  His novel "A Disaffection" was shortlisted for the Booker Prize and won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize for Fiction in 1989.  Kelman won the 1994 Booker Prize with "How Late It Was, How Late" In 1998 Kelman was awarded the Glenfiddich Spirit of Scotland Award.  His 2008 novel "Kieron Smith, Boy" won both of Scotland's principal literary awards: the Saltire Society's Book of the Year and the Scottish Arts Council Book of the Year. <SEP> Peter Philip Carey AO (born 7 May 1943) is an Australian novelist.  Carey has won the Miles Franklin Award three times and is frequently named as Australia's next contender for the Nobel Prize in Literature.  Carey is one of only four writers to have won the Booker Prize twice—the others being J. G. Farrell, J. M. Coetzee and Hilary Mantel.  Carey won his first Booker Prize in 1988 for "Oscar and Lucinda", and won for the second time in 2001 with "True History of the Kelly Gang".  In May 2008 he was nominated for the Best of the Booker Prize. <SEP>  She is a winner of the Arthur C. Clarke Award and Prince of Asturias Award for Literature, has been shortlisted for the Booker Prize five times, winning once, and has been a finalist for the Governor General's Award several times, winning twice. Margaret Eleanor Atwood, {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (born November 18, 1939) is a Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, inventor, and environmental activist.  In 2001, she was inducted into Canada's Walk of Fame.  She is also a founder of the Writers' Trust of Canada, a non-profit literary organization that seeks to encourage Canada's writing community.  Among innumerable contributions to Canadian literature, she was a founding trustee of the Griffin Poetry Prize. <SEP> Negotiating with the Dead: A Writer on Writing is a non-fiction work by Canadian author Margaret Atwood.  Cambridge University Press first published it in 2002.
Question: Who described the person who started the current American Independent Institute in 2014 as "one of the most influential operatives in the Democratic Party"? 

Edward Everett Cox (December 29, 1867 – April 1, 1931) was an American newspaper publisher who started Blackford County's first daily newspaper in Hartford City, Indiana.  He is "considered one of the most influential forces in journalism" in Blackford County, and was a strong supporter of the Democratic Party.  Serving as publisher and sometimes as editor of his newspaper, he also spent time as chairman of the eleventh congressional district, county chairman of the Democratic Party, member of the school board, and postmaster.  His newspapers were a "voice" for the Democratic Party for nearly 40 years. <SEP> David Brock (born November 2, 1962) is an American Neo-Liberal political operative, author, and commentator who founded the media watchdog group Media Matters for America.  He has been described by "Time" as "one of the most influential operatives in the Democratic Party". <SEP> Don Bernard Kates Jr., (January 26, 1941 – November 1, 2016) was an American lawyer and research fellow with The Independent Institute in Oakland, California who focused on promoting gun rights.  His scholarship and litigation played important parts in the modern renaissance of the Second Amendment.  Additionally, Kates played a major role in bringing together scholars and opinion leaders.  Along with Stephen Halbrook, Kates deserved the primary credit for making the Second Amendment scholarship an important topic of modern scholarly interest.  His books include "Armed: New Perspectives On Gun Control", "Restricting Handguns: The Liberal Skeptics Speak Out", "Firearms and Violence: Issues of Public Policy", and "The Great American Gun Debate: Essays on Firearms and Violence" (with Gary Kleck).  As a civil liberties lawyer he has been retained by the National Rifle Association to represent gun owners attacking the constitutionality of certain firearms laws.  The "Washington Post" described Kates as the "Johnnie Cochran" of the pro-gun lobby, noting his polemical attacks on public-health research on firearms injuries and writing that Kates "has muddied the waters of truth so thoroughly that wading into them is a daunting task."  Kates also wrote extensively on criminological issues related to firearms.  Among his most influential policy articles is “Guns and Public Health: Epidemic of Violence or Pandemic of Propaganda?”  which appeared in a symposium issue of the "Tennessee Law Review" in 1994.  His 1983 article in the "Michigan Law Review" was the first time that a top-10 law journal published a detailed historical analysis of the original meaning of the Second Amendment. <SEP> The American Independent Institute is a nonprofit organization which funds liberal investigative journalism efforts.  The current institute, started by David Brock in 2014, is a relaunch of the former state-based digital news-gathering network known as the American Independent News Network.  According to the organization, its aim is to support journalism which exposes "the nexus of conservative power in Washington."
Question: What artistic endeavor do Fallujah and Dying Fetus have in common?

Weltmacht (German for "World Power") was an American black metal band formed in DeKalb, Illinois in 1998.  Members of the band all went by pseudonyms: "Lord Imperial" (Neill Jameson), "Akhenaten" (Andrew Harris) and "Cryptic Winter" (Duane Timlin).  During this period, they also performed and/or recorded with Krieg (Lord Imperial's main outfit).  Lyrical themes reveal a fascination with nihilism and war, rather than more common black metal themes such as Satanism, anti-Christian blasphemy and paganism.  After the demise of Weltmacht in 2002, Lord Imperial went on to form N.I.L. and Duane Timlin eventually joined Dying Fetus. <SEP> Umbilical cord prolapse occurs when the umbilical cord comes out of the uterus with or before the presenting part of the fetus.  It is a relatively rare condition and occurs in fewer than 1% of pregnancies.  Cord prolapse is more common in women who have had rupture of their amniotic sac.  Other risk factors include maternal or fetal factors that prevent the fetus from occupying a normal position in the maternal pelvis, such as abnormal fetal lie, too much amniotic fluid, or a premature or small fetus.  The concern with cord prolapse is that pressure on the cord from the fetus will cause cord compression that compromises blood flow to the fetus.  Whenever there is a sudden decrease in fetal heart rate or abnormal fetal heart tracing, umbilical cord prolapse should be considered.  Due to the possibility for fetal death and other complications, umbilical cord prolapse is considered an obstetric emergency during pregnancy or labor.  Current management guidelines focus on quick delivery, which usually entails a cesarean section.  With appropriate management, the majority of cases have good neonatal outcomes. <SEP>  Fallujah has toured with acts such as The Black Dahlia Murder, Carnifex, Thy Art is Murder, Dying Fetus, Between the Buried and Me, and The Contortionist. Fallujah is an American technical death metal band from San Francisco, California, founded in 2007. <SEP>  Formed in 1991, the group is known for their consistently hook-laden song structures, characterized by blast beats, complex riffing, slam riffs and heavy breakdowns. Additionally, their reality-based lyrics characterized by political/modern themes are notable in death metal.  Various line-up changes throughout the years have left John Gallagher the remaining original member, as well as the band's driving force.  According to Gallagher, the band name was chosen while the members were of adolescent ages and was intended to be offensive. Dying Fetus are an American death metal band originally from Upper Marlboro, Maryland.  To date, Dying Fetus has released eight studio albums.
Question: Who is the father of the king that defeated the The forces of Olaf and Constantine

Levan (Georgian: ლევანი ) (1573–1590), of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was a king of Imereti from 1585 to 1588.  He succeeded on the death of his father, George II, in 1585 when he was twelve years old.  With his ascend to the throne, Leon faced a revolt by his own uncle, Constantine, who defied the royal authority and took control of Upper Imereti.  Leon made an alliance with the Mingrelian prince Mamia IV Dadiani, married his sister Marekhi, and forced Constantine to surrender in 1587.  A year later, Imereti was invaded by Simon I, the resurgent king of Kartli in eastern Georgia, who sought to reunify all Georgian lands under his crown.  Leon was forced to flee to the highland province of Lechkhumi, but was soon able to resume the throne after Simon had to return to Kartli.  However, Leon soon quarreled with his brother-in-law Mamia IV Dadiani who defeated the king and imprisoned him at Fort Shkheti, Mingrelia, where he died in 1590. <SEP> Olaf Guthfrithson (Old Norse: "Óláfr Guðrøðsson" ; ; Old Irish: "Amlaíb mac Gofraid" ; died 941) was a Viking leader who ruled Dublin and Viking Northumbria in the 10th century.  The forces of Olaf and Constantine were defeated by the English led by Æthelstan at the Battle of Brunanburh.  He was the son of Gofraid ua Ímair and great-grandson of Ímar, making him one of the Uí Ímair.  Olaf succeeded his father as King of Dublin in 934 and succeeded in establishing dominance over the Vikings of Limerick when he captured their king, Amlaíb Cenncairech, in 937.  That same year he allied with Constantine II of Scotland in an attempt to reclaim the Kingdom of Northumbria which his father had ruled briefly in 927. <SEP> Æthelstan or Athelstan (Old English: "Æþelstan" , "Æðelstān" , meaning "noble stone"; 89427 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to 939.  Modern historians regard him as the first King of England and one of the greatest Anglo-Saxon kings.  He was the son of King Edward the Elder and his first wife, Ecgwynn.  He never married and had no children.  He was succeeded by his half-brother, Edmund. <SEP> Constantine (Georgian: კონსტანტინე , "Konstantine"; Russian: Константин Давидович Имеретинский , "Konstantin Davidovich Imeretinsky") (4 July 1789 – 3 May 1844) was a Georgian royal prince ("batonishvili"), belonging to the Imereti branch of the Bagrationi dynasty.  A son of King David II of Imereti, Constantine was recognized as heir apparent by Solomon II, who had supplanted his father.  Constantine's succession to the throne of Imereti was precluded by the Russian annexation of that country in 1810.  Constantine subsequently entered the Russian Imperial military service, where he rose to the rank of Major-General.
Question: When did British politician Damian Green state that said that e-Borders would be collecting information an all passengers on 100% of non-EEA flights to the UK?

In the middle of 2009 the Federal Trade Commission filed a complaint against Sears Holdings Management Corporation (SHMC) for unfair or deceptive acts or practices affecting commerce.  SHMC operates the sears.com and kmart.com retail websites for Sears Holdings Corporation.  As part of a marketing effort, some users of sears.com and kmart.com were invited to download an application developed for SHMC that ran in the background on users’ computers collecting information on nearly all internet activity.  The tracking aspects of the program were only disclosed in legalese in the middle of the End User License Agreement.  The FTC found this was insufficient disclosure given consumers expectations and the detailed information being collected.  On September 9, 2009 the FTC approved a consent decree with SHMC requiring full disclosure of its activities and destruction of previously obtained information. <SEP>  Green was born in Barry, Wales, and studied PPE at Balliol College, Oxford. Damian Howard Green (born 17 January 1956) is a British politician who has been the Conservative Member of Parliament for Ashford since 1997 and the First Secretary of State and Minister for the Cabinet Office since 11 June 2017.  Before entering politics, Green worked as a journalist for the BBC, Channel 4 and "The Times". <SEP> e-Borders was an advanced passenger information programme which aimed to collect and store information on passengers and crew entering and leaving the United Kingdom.  Passengers details were to be checked against terror and criminal watch lists before being stored on the e-borders database.  The information of the passengers and crew was to be collected by the airline, train operating company, ferry and other carriers and ports and is then passed on to the e-Borders programme via the Carrier Gateway provided by Serco.  In 2014 it was announced that the system would be scrapped.  Due to European law on free movement EU carriers and ports supply information to the UK Border Agency on a voluntary basis, however in March 2012 Damian Green said that by April e-Borders would be collecting information an all passengers on 100% of non-EEA flights to the UK. <SEP> Opposition research (also called oppo) is the practice of collecting information on a political opponent or other adversary that can be used to discredit or otherwise weaken them.  The information can include biographical, legal or criminal, medical, educational, or financial history or activities, as well as prior media coverage, or the voting record of a politician.  Opposition research can also entail using "trackers" to follow an individual and record their activities or political speeches.
Question: Who was born first, Jorge Amado or James Leo Herlihy?

James Leo Herlihy ( ; February 27, 1927 – October 21, 1993) was an American novelist, playwright and actor. <SEP>  He remains the best known of modern Brazilian writers, with his work having been translated into some 49 languages and popularized in film, notably "Dona Flor and Her Two Husbands" in 1978.  His work reflects the image of a Mestiço Brazil and is marked by religious syncretism. Jorge Leal Amado de Faria (] , 10 August 1912 – 6 August 2001) was a Brazilian writer of the modernist school.  He depicted a cheerful and optimistic country that was beset, at the same time, with deep social and economic differences. <SEP> Ilhéus/Bahia-Jorge Amado Airport (IATA: IOS, ICAO: SBIL) , is the airport serving Ilhéus, Brazil.  Since March 12, 2002 it is named after the writer Jorge Amado de Faria (1912–2001), who was born in the nearby city of Itabuna. <SEP> Blue Denim was a successful Broadway play by writer James Leo Herlihy, the author of the novels "All Fall Down" (1960) and "Midnight Cowboy" (1965).  It starred Carol Lynley, Warren Berlinger and newcomer Burt Brinckerhoff in the lead male role.  Opening on February 27, 1958, the play ran for 166 performances at the Playhouse Theatre.
Question: In what year did the parent show of The URL with Phred Show end?

The URL with Phred Show is an American television series originally airing on Noggin.  It acts as a spin-off series to "Phred on Your Head Show" and aired from September 10, 2001 until March 31, 2002. <SEP> Phred on Your Head Show is an American children's television series starring Doug Preis.  The series aired from July 26, 1999 to March 31, 2002 on Noggin (now Nick Jr.). <SEP> Gladiators 2000 is a spin-off television show of "American Gladiators".  It is hosted by Ryan Seacrest and Maria Sansone (replaced by Valarie Rae Miller in Season 2).  Season 5 "American Gladiators" grand champion Peggy Odita served as head referee.  It premiered on September 17, 1994 and ran until May 11, 1996.  It was often partnered with its parent show in syndication, however some markets ran it independently.  Like AG, the series was produced by Four Point Entertainment, and distributed by Samuel Goldwyn Television.  In response to the popularity of NBC's 2008 revival of "American Gladiators", the show was brought back in syndicated reruns for the 2008-2009 television season. <SEP> Click Barkada Hunt is a Filipino reality show which served as a pre-programming to its mother program, "Click" and formerly aired on GMA Network in 2002 or 2003.  The show ran for less than a season which sought to introduce the newest batch of "Click" stars.  The show is for the publicity purpose of the parent show, "Click", only.
Question: Lean on Pete stars the actor best known for playing what role in Granite Flats?

Scott Christopher (born January 13, 1967) is an American film and television actor known for his roles in "The Best Two Years" and "Granite Flats". <SEP>  It stars Charlie Plummer, Travis Fimmel, Chloë Sevigny, Steve Buscemi, Steve Zahn, Thomas Mann, and Amy Seimetz. Lean on Pete is a 2017 British-American drama film written for the screen and directed by Andrew Haigh, based upon the novel of the same name by Willy Vlautin. <SEP> Richard Gunn is an American actor.  He is best known for portraying Calvin "Sketchy" Theodore in the Fox series "Dark Angel" (2000–2002), Chief of Police John Sanders in the BYU TV series Granite Flats, and Aitor Quantic in the third and final season of the Netflix original series "Hemlock Grove". <SEP> Charlie Plummer (born May 24, 1999) is an American film and television actor, best known for playing the lead roles of Timmy Sanders and Jack in the series "Granite Flats" and film "King Jack", respectively.
Question: Charlie Rowe plays Billy Costa in a film based on what novel?

 His film roles include Young Tommy in "Never Let Me Go", James in "The Boat That Rocked", Billy Costa in "The Golden Compass" , Peter in the SyFy/Sky Movies Peter Pan prequel "Neverland", and recently played Leo Roth on the Fox medical comedy-drama series "Red Band Society" alongside Octavia Spencer and Dave Annable. Charles John Rowe is an English actor. <SEP>  Written and directed by Chris Weitz, it stars Nicole Kidman, Dakota Blue Richards, Daniel Craig, Sam Elliott, Eva Green, and Ian McKellen. The Golden Compass is a 2007 British-American fantasy adventure film based on "Northern Lights", the first novel in Philip Pullman's trilogy "His Dark Materials".  The project was announced in February 2002, but difficulties over the script and the selection of a director caused significant delays.  At US$180 million, it was one of New Line Cinema's most expensive projects ever, and its disappointing results in the USA contributed to New Line's February 2008 restructuring. <SEP> Charlie St. Cloud is a 2010 American drama film based on Ben Sherwood's best-selling novel, "The Death and Life of Charlie St. Cloud" published in 2004 by Bantam Books.  The film is directed by Burr Steers and stars Zac Efron and Amanda Crew.  The story is of Charlie St. Cloud's choice between keeping a promise he made to his brother, who died in a car accident, or going after the girl he loves.  In some markets the film used the complete title of the book. <SEP> Goodbye, Norma Jean is a 1976 film by Larry Buchanan based on the life of Marilyn Monroe.  Misty Rowe plays the title role.
Question: Armageddon in Retrospect was written by the author who was best known for what 1969 satire novel?

Kurt Vonnegut Jr. ( ; November 11, 1922April 11, 2007) was an American writer.  In a career spanning over 50 years, Vonnegut published 14 novels, three short story collections, five plays, and five works of non-fiction.  He is most famous for his darkly satirical, best-selling novel "Slaughterhouse-Five" (1969). <SEP> The Magic Christian is a 1959 comic novel by American author Terry Southern (1924–1995) about an odd billionaire who spends most of his time playing elaborate practical jokes on people.  It is known for bringing Southern to the attention of filmmaker Stanley Kubrick, who had received a copy as a gift from Peter Sellers, and subsequently hired him as co-writer for "Dr. Strangelove" (1964) when Kubrick decided to make that film a black comedy/satire, rather than a straightforward thriller.  In 1969, "The Magic Christian" was made into a film starring Peter Sellers and Ringo Starr; the story was much altered and relocated from New York City to London. <SEP> José María Gironella Pous (31 December 1917 in Darnius – 3 January 2003 in Arenys de Mar) was a Spanish author best known for his fictional work "The Cypresses Believe in God" ("Los cipreses creen en Dios"), which was published in Spain in 1953 and translated into English by Harriet de Onís in 1955.  The book is a novel in two parts, and is the first novel of four, written from a Roman Catholic viewpoint, by its Catholic author, who had been educated in a seminary — but whose approach is notable for its even-handedness and fair assessment of the many nuances and subtleties among all factions on the eve of war.  The story is set in Girona, a city in eastern Catalonia, and follows the life of a family, from 1931 until the Spanish Civil War breaks out in 1936.  The protagonist is the son of an atheist from Madrid, who is married to a devout Basque woman, and has a younger brother and sister also caught up in the conflict.  In a sequel to "Cypresses", "One Million Dead" ("Un millón de muertos"), translated by Joan MacLean, Gironella follows the Alvear family through the war.  The next novel is "Peace after War", published in English in 1969, and was also translated by MacLean.  The fourth novel, Los hombres lloran solos (Men cry alone), has not been translated and published in English. <SEP>  It is the first posthumous collection of his previously unpublished writings.  The book includes an introduction by Mark Vonnegut, a letter from Kurt to his family about his experiences as an American prisoner of war in Nazi Germany, and the fire-bombing of Dresden. Armageddon in Retrospect is a collection of short stories and essays about war and peace written by Kurt Vonnegut.  Like many of Vonnegut's other books, "Armageddon in Retrospect" is laden with handwritten quotations and rough drawings by the author.
Question: Black Star is the debut fragrance by a singer-songwriter that has sold approximately how many albums worldwide?

The discography of Skye Sweetnam, a Canadian singer-songwriter, consists of two studio albums and five singles.  By 2007, she had sold approximately 160,000 albums worldwide and 154,000 singles digital downloads in the United States.  Her debut album spawned two hit singles in Canada and sold well in Japan, where it was Top 15 and stayed on chart for 21 weeks. <SEP>  The line includes, besides the 10ml, 15ml, 30ml, 50ml and 100ml eau de parfum, a shower gel, a body lotion, and a spray deodorant.  A mini shower gel comes exclusively with a Black Star gift set available in the UK, and in the German/Dutch giftset a 50ml body lotion is also included. Black Star is the debut fragrance by French-Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne. <SEP> Marie Claire D'Ubaldo is an Argentine singer / musician and a prolific songwriter; she has appeared as a guest vocalist on many albums.  She had her biggest success with "Falling Into You" which was covered by Celine Dion, who also named her album after the single.  Dion's album has sold well in excess of 30 million albums worldwide. <SEP> Avril Ramona Lavigne ( ; ] ; born 27 September 1984) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and actress.  By the age of 15, she had appeared on stage with Shania Twain; by 16, she had signed a two-album recording contract with Arista Records worth more than $2 million.  In 2002 she released her debut album, "Let Go", emphasising a skate punk persona in which she has been often referred by critics and music publications as The "Pop Punk Queen" due to her achievement and impact in the industry.  Lavigne is considered a key musician in the development of pop punk music since she paved the way for female-driven, punk-influenced pop music.  Since her professional debut, Lavigne has sold more than 40 million albums and over 50 million singles worldwide, making her the 2nd-best-selling Canadian female artist of all time, behind Celine Dion.
Question: Which Hong Kong actor born on 19 August 1946 starred in The Sentimental Swordsman

Tommy Tam Fu-Wing (born 19 August 1946), better known by his stage name Ti Lung, is a Hong Kong actor, known for his numerous starring roles in a string of Shaw Brothers Studio's films, particularly "The Blood Brothers", "The Duel", "The Sentimental Swordsman" and its sequel, and in the classic "A Better Tomorrow". <SEP> The Sentimental Swordsman is a 1977 Hong Kong "wuxia" film written and directed by Chor Yuen and produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio.  It stars Ti Lung, Derek Yee, Ching Li, Yueh Hua, Fan Mei-sheng and Ku Feng.  The film is based on "Duoqing Jianke Wuqing Jian" of Gu Long's "Xiaoli Feidao Series" of novels. <SEP> Cliff Lok, also Koo Lung, Ku Lung, Gam Tung, Chin Tong, Chin Tung, Lung Goon-Ting, Lung Kuan-Ting, Kan Tung, Kam Tung and Cliff Lok Kam Tung () (born 11 September 1948) is a retired Chinese film actor and martial artist who worked in the Cinema of Hong Kong.  He began his career at the Peking Opera.  He starred in at least 60 films between 1966 and 2001, most of them wuxia/martial arts pictures of the late 1960s and the 1970s.  Films include "One-Armed Swordsman" (1967), "Golden Swallow" (1968), "Return of the One-Armed Swordsman" (1969), "The Wandering Swordsman" (1970), "King Eagle" (1971) and "The Black Enforcer" (1972). <SEP> Trouble Maker () is a 1995 joint Taiwan and Hong Kong romance comedy film directed by Taiwanese director Kevin Chu and produced by Hong Kong director Wong Jing.  Starring Taiwanese actor singer Takeshi Kaneshiro, Hong Kong actor Ng Man-tat, Hong Kong actress Athena Chu and Taiwanese child actor Steven Hao Shao Wen.  The Hong Kong Chinese title 蠟筆小小生 translates as "Crayon Siao Siao San" which is derived from the popular Japanese manga "Crayon Shin-chan" about a mischievous little boy.  The movie was first released in Taiwan under the title "Fart King 臭屁王".  The movie was renamed and dubbed in Cantonese for all the Taiwanese actors to cater to the Hong Kong audiences.  Hong Kong actors Ng Man-tat, Athena Chu and Gabriel Wong Yat-San (known by his nickname "Small Turtle") filmed their lines in Cantonese which was dubbed over by an actor for the Mandarin version.  The movie was released in Taiwan on 25 March 1995 and then a week later on 1 April 1995 in Hong Kong.
Question: What is name of one of the primary holders of Schottenstein Stores Corp which was born in 1954?

 Jerome Schottenstein and Jay Schottenstein are two of the primary holders in the company. Schottenstein Stores Corp., based in Columbus, Ohio, is a holding company for various ventures of the Schottenstein family. <SEP> Ya'akov Meir Hayyim Jerome Schottenstein (Hebrew: ג'רום (יעקב מאיר חיים) שוטנשטיין‎ ‎ ; died March 10, 1992) was an American entrepreneur and philanthropist, founder of Schottenstein Stores Corp. <SEP> Jay Schottenstein (born 1954) is an entrepreneur from Columbus, Ohio. <SEP> Charles Crouch, merchandising executive, was born in Augusta, Georgia, Sept. 15, 1898, son of Joseph William and Lily (Strom) Crouch.  In 1932, he purchased six of the former Clarence Saunders stores in the San Francisco peninsula area and founded Peninsula Stores (later Lucky Stores, Inc.), of which he became the first president.  When he retired from the presidency of Lucky Stores in 1947 there were thirty-three stores in the chain with an annual gross of $30,000,000.  At the openings of his various stores Crouch used such devices as simulated carnivals, also hiring popular jazz bands to attract customers.  He engaged Raymond Loewy Associates of New York City to design what was considered to be a new type of supermarket, employing color psychology to attract customers and providing each customer with a lightweight aluminum shopping cart on which was mounted a printed directory to all merchandise in the store.  In 1949 Crouch was named man of the year in the merchandising field by Operations, Inc., a national research and sales organization serving large chain stores, manufacturers, and wholesale grocers.  Charles Crouch was considered to be one of the primary forces behind the development of the modern supermarket.
Question: The city that contains the Yunnan Provincial Museum is also known by what nickname?

Kunming ( ; ) is the capital of and largest city in Yunnan Province, Southwest China.  Kunming is also called the Spring city due to its weather.  Known as Yunnan-Fu (云南府 , "Yúnnánfǔ") until the 1920s, today it is a prefecture-level city and the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province as well as the seat of the provincial government.  The headquarters of many of Yunnan's large businesses are in Kunming.  It was important during World War II as a Chinese military center, American air base, and transport terminus for the Burma Road.  Located in the middle of the Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau, Kunming is located at an altitude of 1900 m above sea level and at a latitude just north of the Tropic of Cancer.  Kunming has as of 2014 a population of 6,626,000 with an urban population of 4,575,000, and is located at the northern edge of the large Lake Dian, surrounded by temples and lake-and-limestone hill landscapes. <SEP> Dianchi Lake (Chinese: 滇池 , "Diānchí"), also known as Lake Dian and Kunming Lake (昆明湖 , "Kūnmínghú"), is a large lake located on the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau close to Kunming, Yunnan, in southern China.  Its nickname is the "Sparkling Pearl Embedded in a Highland" and it was the model for the Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace in Beijing.  Its name is the source of Yunnan's Chinese abbreviation 滇 . <SEP> Kunming City Museum (昆明市博物馆) is a history museum in Kunming City, Yunnan, China.  Smaller than the Yunnan Provincial Museum, Its most notable exhibit is about the history of the city.  Other features include a dinosaur exhibit and a rotating exhibition space that holds anything from history to art exhibitions. <SEP>  It houses an exhibition centered on Yunnan's ethnic minorities, as well as a collection of artifacts from tomb excavations at Jinning on the southern rim of Lake Dian. Yunnan Provincial Museum () is located in Kunming, on Guangfu Road.
Question: The player who defeated Johnny Majors for the Heisman Trophy in 1956 was born in what year?

Paul Vernon Hornung (born December 23, 1935), nicknamed "The Golden Boy", is a former professional American football player, a Hall of Fame running back for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL) from 1957 to 1966, winning four NFL titles and the first Super Bowl.  He is the first in pro football history to win the Heisman Trophy, be selected as the first overall selection in the NFL Draft, win the NFL most valuable player award, and be inducted into both the professional and college football halls of fame. <SEP> Charlie Ward Jr. (born October 12, 1970) is a retired American professional NBA basketball player, college football Heisman Trophy winner, Davey O'Brien Award winner and a Major League Baseball draftee.  Despite his NCAA football success, Ward was one of the very few players who won a Heisman trophy but was not drafted in the NFL draft.  He won the College Football National Championship with the Florida State University Seminoles.  Ward played several years with the New York Knicks and started in the NBA Finals.  He was inducted in the College Football Hall of Fame in 2006.  An avid tennis player, Ward also displayed his skills at the Arthur Ashe Tennis Tournament in 1994. <SEP>  He finished second to Paul Hornung in voting for the Heisman Trophy in 1956. John Terrill Majors (born May 21, 1935) is a former American football player and coach.  A standout halfback at the University of Tennessee, he was an All-American in 1956 and a two-time winner of the Southeastern Conference Most Valuable Player award, in 1955 and 1956.  Majors served as the head football coach at Iowa State University (1968–1972), the University of Pittsburgh (1973–1976, 1993–1996), and Tennessee (1977–1992), compiling a career college football record of 185–137–10.  His 1976 Pittsburgh squad won a national championship after capping a 12–0 season with a victory in the Sugar Bowl.  Majors was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a player in 1987. <SEP> The 1976 NCAA Division I football season ended with a championship for the Panthers of the University of Pittsburgh.  Led by head coach Johnny Majors (voted the AFCA Coach of the Year), the Pitt Panthers brought a college football championship to the home of the defending pro football champions, the Steelers.  Pitt also had the Heisman Trophy winner, Tony Dorsett; the Panthers had been ranked ninth in the preseason AP poll.
Question: Which canal is located further North, Beaver and Erie Canal or the Dismal Swamp Canal?

The Beaver and Erie Canal, also known as the Erie Extension Canal, was part of the Pennsylvania Canal system and consisted of three sections: the Beaver Division, the Shenango Division, and the Conneaut Division.  The canal ran 136 mi north–south near the western edge of the state from the Ohio River to Lake Erie through Beaver County, Lawrence County, Mercer County, Crawford County, and Erie County, Pennsylvania. <SEP>  It is the oldest continually operating man-made canal in the United States, opened in 1805, and closed in October 2016.  It is part of the Intracoastal Waterway, an inland route, which parallels the east coast and offers boaters shelter from the Atlantic Ocean from Manasquan Inlet, New Jersey, to Brownsville, Texas. The Dismal Swamp Canal is located along the eastern edge of the Great Dismal Swamp in Virginia and North Carolina in the United States.  The route runs through bays, lakes, rivers, streams, and canals, and includes the Intracoastal Waterway running from Norfolk, Virginia, to the Florida Keys. <SEP> Erie Canal Lock 52 Complex is a national historic district located at Port Byron and Mentz in Cayuga County, New York.  The district includes two contributing buildings (the Erie House and the blacksmith shop / mule barn); three contributing engineering structures (Erie Canal Lock 52, culvert, and canal prism of the enlarged Erie Canal); and archaeological sites associated with the canal operations.  Lock 52 was constructed 1849-1853 as part of the Enlarged Erie Canal program.  It remained in operation until the rerouting of the canal under the New York State Barge Canal System in 1917.  The Erie House was built in 1894 and is a two story frame structure that housed a saloon and hotel. <SEP> The Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal, also known as the P & O Canal, the Cross Cut Canal and the Mahoning Canal was a shipping canal which operated from 1840 until 1877 (though the canal was completely abandoned by 1872).  It was unique in that it served to connect canals in two states (the Ohio and Erie Canal in Ohio and the Beaver and Erie Canal in Pennsylvania) and was funded by private interests.
Question: What animal does Mahratta Greyhound and Tibetan Spaniel have in common?

The Sussex Spaniel is a breed of dog developed in Sussex in southern England.  It is a low, compact spaniel and is similar in appearance to the Clumber Spaniel.  They can be slow-paced, but can have a clownish and energetic temperament.  They suffer from health conditions common to spaniels and some large dogs, as well as a specific range of heart conditions and spinal disc herniation. <SEP> The Southern Animal Rights Coalition (SARC) is an umbrella organisation for groups campaigning against animal abuse in southern England.  SARC campaign on a variety of issues, one being focusing on pets.  They also campaign against animal testing, furs, wild boar farms and more recently foie gras and greyhound racing.  The group campaigns, investigates and exposes animal cruelty whilst promoting a cruelty-free lifestyle. <SEP>  They share ancestry with the Pekingese, Japanese Chin, Shih Tzu, Lhasa Apso, Tibetan Terrier and Pug. The Tibetan Spaniel is a breed of assertive, small, intelligent dogs originating over 2,500 years ago in the Himalayan mountains of Tibet. <SEP> The Mahratta Greyhound or Maratha Greyhound is a dog breed originating in India.
Question: Stamford Baron St Martin was a parish that has a church south of what river?

The Church of St Martin, Cwmyoy, Monmouthshire, Wales, was begun in the 12th century, although most of the current structure dates from the 13th century.  The church is most notable for its extreme tilt, caused as a result of a landslide.  This has led to many attempts to strengthen the church and prevent its collapse, through the use of massive tie beams and buttresses.  The church is in the Gothic style, and has a chancel, nave, south porch, and western tower.  A round-headed north window dates to the 12th century, and the nave roof has been dated to the late 13th or early 14th century.  St Martin's is a Grade I listed building and an active parish church.  It is dedicated to St Martin. <SEP> St Martin's Church, Stamford, is a parish church in the Church of England located in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England.  The area of the town south of the River Welland was in Northamptonshire until 1889 and is called Stamford Baron or St Martin's. <SEP> Saint Anne's Church in the Soho section of London was consecrated on 21 March 1686 by Bishop Henry Compton as the parish church of the new civil and ecclesiastical parish of St Anne, created from part of the parish of St Martin in the Fields.  The Church of England parish has been the Parish of St Anne with St Thomas and St Peter since 1945.  The church and parish are part of the Deanery of Westminster (St Margaret) within the Diocese of London in the Church of England.  Parts of its churchyard around the tower and west end are now the public park of St Anne's Gardens, accessed from the Shaftesbury Avenue end of Wardour Street, whilst the church itself is accessed via a gate at the Shaftesbury Avenue end of Dean Street, as it does not front onto the street. <SEP> Stamford Baron St Martin was a civil parish in Stamford, England, including the southern part of Stamford, south of the River Welland, and therefore historically part of Northamptonshire.  It remains an ecclesiastical parish used by the Church of England; the parish church is St Martin's.
Question: The star of "The Inkwell" also starred in what 1993 movie as O-Dog?

 The film stars Larenz Tate, Joe Morton, Suzzanne Douglass, Glynn Turman, Jada Pinkett Smith and Vanessa Bell Calloway. The Inkwell is a 1994 romantic comedy/drama film, directed by Matty Rich. <SEP> Darrell Britt-Gibson is an American actor, known for his role as Darius "O-Dog" Hill on the HBO series "The Wire".  He has also appeared on the Showtime series "Californication", the Starz series "Power", and the FX series "You're the Worst".  In 2016, he starred in the films "Keanu" and "20th Century Women". <SEP>  He’s best known for his roles as Peter Waters in "Crash" and as O-Dog in the 1993 hood film, "Menace II Society". Larenz Tate (born September 8, 1975) is an American film and television actor.  His other films include "Dead Presidents", "Love Jones", "Why Do Fools Fall in Love", "A Man Apart", "Waist Deep", "Biker Boyz", and "Ray". <SEP> Mark Buntzman is the film director, writer, producer and actor of the cult classic movie "Exterminator 2", and was also the producer of the first, "The Exterminator".  Other than those two movies, he hasn't produced, directed, or written any other prominent films.  He did, though, have a cameo in the 1993 movie "Posse" as Deputy Buntzman, as well as playing a reporter in the 1995 movie "Panther".  Both movies starred Mario Van Peebles, who also played a large role in "Exterminator 2".
Question: When was the creator of Bully Boy born?

Bully Boy is a play by British-Danish playwright and comedian Sandi Toksvig.  The show opened at the Nuffield Theatre in Southampton, on 13 May 2011, with Anthony Andrews as Major Oscar Hadley and Joshua Miles as Private Eddie Clark.  The play then launched the debut season of St James Theatre in September 2012, the first new West End theatre to open in 30 years. <SEP> Bubble Boy is a musical with music and lyrics by Cinco Paul and book by Cinco Paul and Ken Daurio, based on the 2001 Touchstone Pictures' film "Bubble Boy".  Like the movie, it tells the story of Jimmy Livingston, a boy born without immunities who is forced to live in a plastic bubble room.  When he grows older he meets Chloe Molinski, the girl next door, and falls in love with her.  When she tells him she's getting married to her boyfriend Mark at Niagara Falls, Jimmy builds a bubble suit and heads on a cross-country journey to stop the wedding and tell her how he feels.  Along the way he is pursued by his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Livingston, and he meets a cult, a biker gang, and Indian ice cream salesman.  Thematically, the musical explores the idea that we all have our "bubbles" which prevent us from being all we can be, and that we need to break out of them. <SEP> Peter X. Kelly (born June 3, 1959) is a restaurateur and renowned chef.  He runs the Xaviars Restaurant Group, which owns and manages Xaviars and Freelance Cafe in Piermont, New York, Restaurant X and Bully Boy Bar in Congers and Xaviars X2O on the Hudson in Yonkers.  The name of the group is based on Peter Kelly's middle name, Xavier.  He is a self-taught chef, and as of 2015 , has spent about 30 years cooking professionally in the Hudson Valley. <SEP> Sandra Birgitte "Sandi" Toksvig OBE ( , ] ; born 3 May 1958) is a Danish-British comedian, writer, actor, presenter and producer on British radio and television, and political activist.