Question: The German priest, who wanted Abraham Shimonaya's religious denomination to reform, preached a sermon on Marian devotion soon before his death in which German state?

Despite Martin Luther's harsh polemics against his Roman Catholic opponents over issues concerning Mary and the saints, theologians appear to agree that Luther adhered to the Marian decrees of the ecumenical councils and dogmas of the church. He held fast to the belief that Mary was a perpetual virgin and the Theotokos or Mother of God. Special attention is given to the assertion that Luther, some three-hundred years before the dogmatization of the Immaculate Conception by Pope Pius IX in 1854, was a firm adherent of that view. Others maintain that Luther in later years changed his position on the Immaculate Conception, which, at that time was undefined in the Church, maintaining however the sinlessness of Mary throughout her life. For Luther, early in his life, the Assumption of Mary was an understood fact, although he later stated that the Bible did not say anything about it and stopped celebrating its feast. Important to him was the belief that Mary and the saints do live on after death. "Throughout his career as a priest-professor-reformer, Luther preached, taught, and argued about the veneration of Mary with a verbosity that ranged from childlike piety to sophisticated polemics. His final thoughts on Marian devotion and veneration are preserved in a sermon preached at Wittenberg only a month before his death: His views are intimately linked to his Christocentric theology and its consequences for liturgy and piety." Luther, while revering Mary, came to criticize the "Papists" for blurring the line, between high admiration of the grace of God wherever it is seen in a human being, and religious service given to another creature. He considered the Roman Catholic practice of celebrating saints' days and making intercessory requests addressed especially to Mary and other departed saints to be idolatry. <SEP> Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Anhalt-Bitterfeld, the district-free city of Dessau-Roßlau, the districts of Potsdam-Mittelmark, Teltow-Fläming and Elbe-Elster in Brandenburg, and the district of Nordsachsen in the Free State of Saxony. Wittenberg is a district () in the east of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. <SEP> Luther began by criticising the sale of indulgences, insisting that the Pope had no authority over purgatory and that the Catholic doctrine of the merits of the saints had no foundation in the Bible. Although there had been significant earlier attempts to reform the Catholic Church before Luther -- such as those of Jan Hus, Peter Waldo, and John Wycliffe -- Martin Luther is widely acknowledged to have started the Reformation with the Ninety - five Theses. The Protestant Reformation, however, would come to incorporate doctrinal changes such as a complete reliance on Scripture as a source of proper belief (sola scriptura) and the belief that faith in Jesus, and not good works, is the only way to obtain God's pardon for sin (sola fide). The core motivation behind these changes was theological, though many other factors played a part, including the rise of nationalism, the Western Schism that eroded loyalty to the Papacy, the perceived corruption of the Roman Curia, the impact of humanism, and the new learning of the Renaissance that questioned much traditional thought. <SEP> both before and after the war, he preached many sermons and participated in conferences in france and abroad (especially in the netherlands, switzerland, italy, and belgium). he preached the lenten sermons many times at notre dame de paris, and in 1964, paul vi called him to present spiritual exercises at the vatican. he was elected to the académie française on 26 june 1975, replacing jean cardinal daniélou, a post he held until his death on 15 january 2004 at ancourt, in france. <SEP> while at st paul's cathedral holland delivered a sermon in may 1910 following the death of king edward vii, titled death the king of terrors, in which he explores the natural but seemingly contradictory responses to death: the fear of the unexplained and the belief in continuity. it is from his discussion of the latter that perhaps his best - known writing, death is nothing at all, is drawn: <SEP> Mar Abraham Shimonaya (or "Shem'onaya", circa 1862–1915) was a Bishop of the Assyrian Church of the East who converted to Catholicism in 1903 and joined the Chaldean Catholic Church. Between 1903 and his death in 1915 he was bishop of the Chaldean diocese of Hakkari.