winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Pedro Duque and Mark Shuttleworth both went where in their life times?

The Shuttleworth Foundation was established in January 2001 by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth as an experiment with the purpose of providing funding for people engaged in social change.  While there have been various iterations of the foundation, its structure and how it invests in social innovation, the current model employs a fellowship model where fellows are given funding commensurate with their experience to match a year's salary, allowing them to spend that year developing a particular idea. <SEP> Pedro Duque Duque (born 14 March 1963) is a Spanish astronaut and a veteran of two space missions. <SEP> Pedro Duque y Cornejo (1677–1757) was a Spanish Baroque painter and sculptor of the Sevillian school of sculpture, a disciple of his grandfather Pedro Roldán. <SEP>  In 2002, he became the first citizen of an independent African country to travel to space as a space tourist. Mark Richard Shuttleworth (born 18 September 1973) is a South African entrepreneur who is the founder and CEO of Canonical Ltd., the company behind the development of the Linux-based Ubuntu operating system.  He currently lives on the Isle of Man and holds dual citizenship from South Africa and the United Kingdom.
Question: What dance academy did the starring actress from The Glory of Tang Dynasty graduate from?

The Goguryeo–Tang War occurred from 645 to 668 and was initially fought between the Goguryeo kingdom and Tang Dynasty.  During the course of the war the two sides allied with various other states.  For the first decade and a half of the war, both sides were evenly matched, with Goguryeo successfully defending against the invading Tang army during the first campaign in the Goguryeo–Tang War.  After conquering Baekje in 660, Tang and Silla armies invaded Goguryeo from the north and south in 661, but were forced to withdraw in 662.  In 666, Yeon Gaesomun died and Goguryeo became plagued by violent dissension, numerous defections, and widespread demoralization.  The Tang–Silla alliance mounted a fresh invasion in the following year, aided by the defector Yeon Namsaeng.  In late 668, exhausted from numerous attacks and suffering from internal political chaos, the kingdom of Goguryeo and the remnants of Baekje army succumbed to the numerically superior armies of the Tang Dynasty and Silla. <SEP> The Qianling Mausoleum () is a Tang dynasty (618–907) tomb site located in Qian County, Shaanxi province, China, and is 85 km northwest from Xi'an, formerly the Tang capital.  Built by 684 (with additional construction until 706), the tombs of the mausoleum complex house the remains of various members of the House of Li, the imperial family of the Tang dynasty.  This includes Emperor Gaozong (r. 649–83), as well as his wife, Wu Zetian, who usurped the Tang throne and became China's only reigning female emperor from 690–705.  The mausoleum is renowned for its many Tang dynasty stone statues located above ground and the mural paintings adorning the subterranean walls of the tombs.  Besides the main tumulus mound and underground tomb of Emperor Gaozong and Wu Zetian, there are 17 smaller attendant tombs or "peizang mu".  Presently, only five of these attendant tombs have been excavated by archaeologists, three belonging to members of the imperial family, one to a chancellor, and the other to a general of the left guard. <SEP> Jing Tian (born 21 July 1988) is a Chinese actress.  She is known for her roles in war epic "The Warring States" (2011) and the action films "Special ID" and "Police Story 2013" (both in 2013).  She is part of the cast for three Legendary Pictures films, including a prominent role in "The Great Wall" (2016) as well as "" (2017) and the upcoming "".  She graduated from the Beijing Dance Academy and Beijing Film Academy. <SEP> The Glory of Tang Dynasty (Chinese: 大唐荣耀) is a 2017 Chinese television series starring Jing Tian and Allen Ren.  It is based on the novel "The Concubine of Tang: Legend of Pearl" (大唐后妃传之珍珠传奇) by Cang Mingshui; and tells the fictional love story of Emperor Daizong and Consort Shen, aided by the grandiose historical background of the An Shi Rebellion (755-763).  The series was aired for 92 episodes, split into two seasons, from 29 January to 3 May 2017 on Anhui TV and Beijing TV.
Question: Pawnography, featuring Richard Corey Harrison, is filmed in what shop and town?

"Pawn Stars" is an American reality television series that premiered on History on July 19, 2009.  The series is filmed in Las Vegas, Nevada, where it chronicles the activities at the World Famous Gold & Silver Pawn Shop, a 24-hour family business operated by patriarch Richard "Old Man" Harrison, his son Rick Harrison, Rick's son Corey "Big Hoss" Harrison, and Corey's childhood friend, Austin "Chumlee" Russell. <SEP>  Hosted by comedian Christopher Titus and featuring "Pawn Stars" personalities Rick Harrison, Corey Harrison and Austin "Chumlee" Russell as panelists, the series features contestants answering questions for a chance to win cash and items for sale from the Gold and Silver Pawn Shop (where "Pawn Stars" is taped). Pawnography is an American game show broadcast by History.  The show premiered July 10, 2014, at 10 p.m. ET, following "Pawn Stars". <SEP> Pawn Stars is an American reality television series, shown on History, and produced by Leftfield Pictures.  The series is filmed in Las Vegas, Nevada, where it chronicles the daily activities at the World Famous Gold & Silver Pawn Shop, a 24-hour family business opened in 1989 and operated by patriarch Richard "Old Man" Harrison, his son Rick Harrison, Rick's son Corey "Big Hoss" Harrison, and Corey's childhood friend, Austin "Chumlee" Russell.  The series, which became the network's highest rated show and the No. 2 reality show behind "Jersey Shore", debuted on July 26, 2009. <SEP> Richard Corey "Big Hoss" Harrison (born April 27, 1983) is an American businessman and reality television personality, known as a cast member of the History TV series "Pawn Stars", which documents his work at the World Famous Gold & Silver Pawn Shop in Las Vegas, which he co-owns with his father, Rick Harrison, and grandfather, Richard Benjamin Harrison.
Question: Bridge of Spies stars a Soviet intelligence officer with what name?

Helen Koral was the wife of Alexander Koral.  Both were Americans who, allegedly, worked for Soviet intelligence during World War II.  The Koral's headed the "Art" or "Berg" group of Soviet spies.  The Berg group acted as couriers for various Soviet contacts, including the Silvermaster ring.  Helen Koral received a regular stipend of $100 per month from the KGB and work closely with Helen Lowry, the wife of Iskhak Akhmerov, the KGB Illegal Rezident during World War II.  Her code name in the Soviet intelligence according to materials from the Venona project was "Miranda", and later changed to "Art". <SEP> Bridge of Spies is a 2015 historical drama legal thriller film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg, written by Matt Charman, Ethan and Joel Coen and stars Tom Hanks, Mark Rylance, Amy Ryan, and Alan Alda.  The name of the film refers to the Glienicke Bridge, which connects Potsdam with Berlin, where the prisoner exchange took place.  Set during the Cold War, the film tells the story of lawyer James B. Donovan, who is entrusted with negotiating the release of Francis Gary Powers—a U.S. Air Force pilot whose U-2 spy plane was shot down over the Soviet Union in 1960—in exchange for Rudolf Abel, a convicted Soviet KGB spy held under the custody of the United States, whom he represented at trial.  The film was an international co-production of the United States and Germany. <SEP> Rudolf Ivanovich Abel (Russian: Рудольф Иванович Абель ), real name Vilyam "Willie" Genrikhovich Fisher (Вильям "Вилли" Генрихович Фишер), (July 11, 1903 – November 15, 1971) was a Soviet intelligence officer.  He adopted his alias when arrested on charges of conspiracy by FBI agents in 1957. <SEP> Vasily Mikhailovich Zarubin Василий Михайлович Зарубин (1894–1972) was a Soviet intelligence officer.  In the United States, he used the cover name Vasily Zubilin and served as Soviet intelligence Rezident from 1941 to 1944.  Zarubin's wife, Elizabeth Zubilin, served with him.
Question: The 2008 American romantic drama film directed by David Fincher won what directing award?

American Teen is a 2008 documentary film directed by Nanette Burstein ("On the Ropes", "The Kid Stays in the Picture") and produced by 57th & Irving.  It competed in the Documentary Competition at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival, where it received the Directing Award: Documentary.  Following the Sundance Film Festival, the movie was picked up by Paramount Vantage and was released to general cinema July 25, 2008. <SEP> Victor J. Zolfo is a set decorator who has worked in the film industry since the late 1980s.  He was also part of the 20-person team who won the Art Directors Guild's Excellence in Production Design Award for "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button".  Zolfo won the Academy Award for Best Art Direction and the BAFTA Award for Best Production Design for the 2008 film "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button", sharing the awards for the film with art director and production designer Donald Graham Burt. <SEP> Angus Alexander Wall (born March 15, 1967) is a film editor and film title designer.  He and fellow film editor Kirk Baxter won the Academy Award for Best Film Editing for the David Fincher film "The Social Network" (2010) and again the next year for "The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo" (2011).  Additionally, he and Baxter were nominated the Academy Award for Best Film Editing, the BAFTA Award for Best Editing, and the American Cinema Editors Eddie Award for the 2008 film "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button", also directed by David Fincher.  Wall's title design work on the HBO television series "Carnivàle" and "Game of Thrones" both received Emmy Awards in 2004 and 2011, respectively, and his work on the series "Rome's" titles was nominated for the BAFTA Award in 2005. <SEP> The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a 2008 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by David Fincher.  The storyline by Eric Roth and Robin Swicord is loosely based on the 1922 short story of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald.  The film stars Brad Pitt as a man who ages in reverse, Cate Blanchett as the love interest throughout his life, and Taraji P. Henson as the woman who raised him.
Question: Which is a university in Pennsylvania, University of New Haven or Carnegie Mellon University?

The University of New Haven (UNH) is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational university located in West Haven, Connecticut, which borders the larger city of New Haven and Long Island Sound.  U.S. News & World Report has named the University the 100th best university in the northeastern United States as well as in the top tier of engineering programs nationwide in its annual "America's Best Colleges" rankings.  Between its main campus in West Haven and its graduate school campus in Orange, Connecticut, the University is situated on approximately 122 acres of land.  Combining a liberal arts education with professional training, the University comprises six degree-granting colleges: the College of Arts and Sciences, the Lyme Academy College of Fine Arts, the College of Business, the Tagliatela College of Engineering, the Henry C. Lee College of Criminal Justice and Forensic Sciences, and the College of Lifelong & eLearning for adult and online students. <SEP> Carnegie Mellon University (Carnegie Mellon or CMU or ) is a private research university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. <SEP> Carnegie Mellon University in Qatar (Arabic: جامعة كارنيجي ميلون في قطر), is one of the branch campuses of Carnegie Mellon University, located in Doha, Qatar.  It is Carnegie Mellon's first undergraduate branch campus, is a member of the Qatar Foundation, and began graduating students in May 2008. <SEP> The Mellon College of Science (MCS) at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA houses the Chemistry, Mathematical Sciences, Physics, and Biological Sciences departments.  In addition, it oversees several interdisciplinary research centers.  MCS also awards the Dickson Prize in Science.  The college is named for the Mellon family, founders of the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research, a predecessor of Carnegie Mellon University.
Question: James Conlon directed the oldest outdoor Music Festival that is located and what state?

 From 2005 to 2015, he was music director at the Ravinia Festival, the summer home of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra. James Conlon (born March 18, 1950) is an American conductor of opera, and symphonic and choral works.  He is Music Director of Los Angeles Opera and Principal Conductor of the Italian RAI National Symphony Orchestra.  He was the long serving director of the two-week Cincinnati May Festival from 1979 through 2016.  He is known for his efforts in reviving music by composers suppressed during the Nazi regime. <SEP> The Meredith Music Festival (otherwise known simply as Meredith or MMF) is a three-day outdoor music festival held every December at the "Supernatural Amphitheatre", a natural amphitheatre located on private farmland near the town of Meredith in Victoria, Australia.  A self-funded, non-commercial event that was first held in 1991, the festival spawned Golden Plains, a music festival that takes place over the Labor Day long weekend in March. <SEP> Orange Drive Miami Beach Music Festival is a three-day outdoor music festival that occurs on New Year’s weekend in South Beach, on Ocean Drive between 5th-14th streets.  A state of the art amphitheater is constructed on the beach.  Revelers party on the sand and under the stars in average temperatures of 70 degrees during that time period.  Orange Drive is positioned to be the biggest and coolest New Year’s celebration on the planet! <SEP> The Ravinia Festival is the oldest outdoor music festival in the United States, with a series of outdoor concerts and performances held every summer from June to September.  In Ravinia Park's first summer of 1905, it hosted the New York Philharmonic, and the prairie style Martin Theater dates from this time period.  Located in Highland Park, Illinois, the festival operates on the grounds of the 36 acre (150,000 m²) Ravinia Park, with a variety of outdoor and indoor performing arts facilities.  It has been the summer home of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) since 1936.
Question: Are Mick Jagger and Brett Scallions both musicians?

 He is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, and lyricist of post-grunge band Fuel. Brett Allen Scallions (born December 21, 1971) is an American musician. <SEP> "Disease" was released on September 30, 2002 as the first single from Matchbox Twenty's third album, "More Than You Think You Are".  It was co-written by Matchbox Twenty lead singer Rob Thomas and The Rolling Stones frontman Mick Jagger.  The song peaked at #29 on the "Billboard" Hot 100.  "Disease" was one of two songs written and presented to Mick Jagger, by Rob Thomas in which Jagger actually gives back the song, saying "it would sound better coming from you". <SEP> "Stray Cat Blues" is the eighth song on the Rolling Stones' album "Beggars Banquet".  It was written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards and produced by Jimmy Miller.  Miller's production of the song is very representative of his style, featuring a very prominent hi hat beat, droning piano performed by Nicky Hopkins, a mellotron performed by Brian Jones, all electric guitars (including slide) performed by Richards and vocals from Jagger kept even in the mix.  According to Mick Jagger, the song was inspired by "Heroin" by the Velvet Underground.  The intro of Stray Cat and Heroin are similar. <SEP>  Jagger's career has spanned over five decades, and he has been described as "one of the most popular and influential frontmen in the history of rock & roll".  His distinctive voice and performance, along with Keith Richards' guitar style, have been the trademark of the Rolling Stones throughout the career of the band.  Jagger gained press notoriety for his admitted drug use and romantic involvements, and was often portrayed as a countercultural figure. Sir Michael Philip Jagger, MBE (born 26 July 1943) is an English singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and composer, who gained fame as the lead singer and one of the founder members of the Rolling Stones (1962-present).
Question: Michael J. Hunter replaced the lawyer who became the administrator of which agency?

Don I. Wortman is a retired U.S. federal government administrator who served 27 years in senior-level executive positions in many federal government agencies.  He was Acting Commissioner of the Social Security Administration (SSA) from December 13, 1977 to October 4, 1978.  In early 1977, while working at the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW)—precursor to the Department of Health and Human Services—he was Chairman of the task force for implementing the reorganization of HEW.  This reorganization included the merging of the Medicare and Medicaid programs into a new agency; this agency was named the Health Care Financing Administration (and renamed the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in June 2001).  He became the first Administrator of the Health Care Financing Administration.  On two occasions—6 months in 1975 and the first 3 months of 1977—he was Acting Administrator of the Social and Rehabilitation Services, the agency which, at that time, administered the Medicaid program and the Aid to Families with Dependent Children program. <SEP> Catherine McCabe is a public administrator and environmental lawyer who served as Acting Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency from January to February 2017.  McCabe also served as Acting Assistant Administrator of EPA's Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) from January to May 2009.  She is currently Acting Regional Administrator for EPA's Region 2, based in New York City. <SEP> Edward Scott Pruitt (born May 9, 1968) is an American lawyer and Republican politician from the state of Oklahoma who is currently the fourteenth Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  Nominated for the position by President Donald Trump, Pruitt was confirmed by the United States Senate to lead the EPA on February 17, 2017. <SEP> Michael J. Hunter (born July 2, 1956) is an American politician from the state of Oklahoma.  Hunter served as the Secretary of State of Oklahoma from 1999 to 2002, having been appointed by Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating.  On November 1, 2016, he appointed to the same post by Governor Mary Fallin.  He also serves as Special Counsel to the Governor.  On February 20, 2017, Hunter was appointed Attorney General of Oklahoma, replacing Scott Pruitt who was confirmed as the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency three days earlier on February 17.
Question: What act for Innocent Records achieved Platinum sales and shares its name with a primary color in the RGB color model?

The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors.  The name of the model comes from the initials of the three additive primary colors, red, green, and blue. <SEP> Innocent Records was a pop record label created to cater to for EMI's Virgin Records more pop oriented acts.  The label continued to thrive well into the mid-2000s with Atomic Kitten and Blue achieving Platinum sales.  Following the success of the Spice Girls, Virgin Records decided to delve into the pop market.  In doing so they poached Hugh Goldsmith from RCA Records (famous for steering Take That's initial flagging sales, to a multi-platinum act).  They let him launch his own Virgin Records offshoot.  His first signing was Billie Piper, followed by Martine McCutcheon, along with several dance acts Todd Terry to name one. <SEP> Blue is the colour between violet and green on the spectrum of visible light.  Blue is also a primary colour in the RGB colour model, used to create all the colours on the screen of a television or computer monitor.  Human eyes perceive blue when observing light with a wavelength between 450 and 495 nanometres. Blues with a higher frequency and thus a shorter wavelength appear more violet, while those with a lower frequency and a longer wavelength gradually appear more green.  Pure blue, in the middle, has a wavelength of 470 nanometres.  In painting and traditional colour theory, blue is one of the three primary colours of pigments, along with red and yellow, which can be mixed to form a wide gamut of colours.  Red and blue mixed together form violet, blue and yellow together form green. <SEP> A color space is a specific organization of colors.  In combination with physical device profiling, it allows for reproducible representations of color, in both analog and digital representations.  A color space may be arbitrary, with particular colors assigned to a set of physical color swatches and corresponding assigned names or numbers such as with the Pantone collection, or structured mathematically, as with NCS System, Adobe RGB or sRGB.  A color model is an abstract mathematical model describing the way colors can be represented as tuples of numbers (e.g. triples in RGB or quadruples in CMYK); however, a color model with no associated mapping function to an absolute color space is a more or less arbitrary color system with no connection to any globally understood system of color interpretation.  Adding a specific mapping function between a color model and a reference color space establishes within the reference color space a definite "footprint", known as a gamut, and for a given color model this defines a color space.  For example, Adobe RGB and sRGB are two different absolute color spaces, both based on the RGB color model.  When defining a color space, the usual reference standard is the CIELAB or CIEXYZ color spaces, which were specifically designed to encompass all colors the average human can see.
Question: The movies The Boatniks and The Great Locomotive Chase were both made by which production company?

The Boatniks is a 1970 American comedy film starring Robert Morse, Stefanie Powers, Don Ameche and Phil Silvers.  It was made by Walt Disney Productions, released by Buena Vista Distribution and directed by Norman Tokar. <SEP> Cornelia is a city in Habersham County, Georgia, United States.  The population was 4,160 at the 2010 census, up from 3,674 at the 2000 census.  It is home to one of the world's largest apple sculptures, which is displayed on top of an obelisk-shaped monument.  Cornelia was the retirement home of baseball legend Ty Cobb who was born nearby, and was a base of operation for production of the 1956 Disney film "The Great Locomotive Chase" that was filmed along the Tallulah Falls Railway that ran from Cornelia northward along the rim of Tallulah Gorge to Franklin, North Carolina. <SEP>  The film stars Fess Parker as James J. Andrews, the leader of a group of Union soldiers from various Ohio regiments who volunteered to go behind Confederate lines in civilian clothes, steal a Confederate train north of Atlanta, and drive it back to Union lines in Tennessee, tearing up railroad tracks and destroying bridges and telegraph lines along the way. The Great Locomotive Chase is a 1956 Walt Disney Productions CinemaScope adventure film based on the real Great Locomotive Chase that occurred in 1862 during the American Civil War. <SEP> Rogers Locomotive and Machine Works was a 19th-century manufacturer of railroad steam locomotives based in Paterson, in Passaic County, New Jersey, in the United States.  It built more than six thousand steam locomotives for railroads around the world.  Most railroads in 19th-century United States rostered at least one Rogers-built locomotive.  The company's most famous product was a locomotive named "The General", built in December 1855, which was one of the principals of the Great Locomotive Chase of the American Civil War.
Question: The person that William Flannery was an architect for entered the publishing business in what year?

<onlyinclude>In academic publishing, predatory open access publishing is an exploitative open-access publishing business model that involves charging publication fees to authors without providing the editorial and publishing services associated with legitimate journals (open access or not).  "Beall's List", a report that had been regularly updated by Jeffrey Beall until January 2017, set forth criteria for categorizing predatory publications and lists publishers and independent journals that meet those criteria.  However, Beall's list was "unpublished" by the author in January 2017 (see below for more details; the list had 1155 inclusions as of 31 December 2016).  Newer scholars from developing countries are said to be especially at risk of becoming the victim of these practices. </onlyinclude> <SEP> William Edward Flannery (November 17, 1898 – January 25, 1959) was an American art director and architect for William Randolph Hearst.  He won an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film "Picnic". <SEP> William Randolph Hearst Sr. ( ; April 29, 1863 – August 14, 1951) was an American businessman, politician, and newspaper publisher who built the nation's largest newspaper chain and media company Hearst Communications and whose flamboyant methods of yellow journalism influenced the nation's popular media by emphasizing sensationalism and human interest stories.  Moving to New York City, he acquired "The New York Journal" and fought a bitter circulation war with Joseph Pulitzer's "New York World" that sold papers by giant headlines over lurid stories featuring crime, corruption, graphics, sex, and innuendo.  Acquiring more newspapers, Hearst created a chain that numbered nearly thirty papers in major American cities at its peak.  Hearst entered the publishing business in 1887 after being given control of "The San Francisco Examiner" by his wealthy father.  He later expanded to magazines, creating the largest newspaper and magazine business in the world. <SEP> Mel Croucher is a British writer and video games pioneer.  Originally an architect, he moved into computers and launched one of the very earliest games companies, Automata UK, as an extension of his travel guide publishing business.  He is now credited for setting up "the first games company in the U.K." and celebrated as "the father of the British videogames industry".
Question: Rex Riot is known for a remix of the Kanye West song that was from which album?

 He is known for his work with Nintendo, for their 2012 Wii U Campaign, and various work including a popular remix of Kanye West's "All of the Lights", which he produced with Infuze. Rex Riot, born Nicholas Rex Valente, is an electronic music producer.  He currently has releases under Play Me Records, Heavy Artillery Records, and an upcoming album scheduled for release in summer 2013. <SEP>  It was produced by West and features additional vocals from several other recording artists, including John Legend, The-Dream, Elly Jackson, Alicia Keys, Fergie, Kid Cudi, Elton John, Drake, and Rihanna; the latter is the only credited feature on the single. "All of the Lights" is a song by American rapper Kanye West, as the fourth single from his fifth studio album, "My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy" (2010). <SEP> Mike Lévy, better known as Gesaffelstein (born 1985 in Lyon, France), is a French techno artist and DJ.  He has worked alongside, and remixed tracks for such artists as varied as Tiga, Miss Kittin, ASAP Rocky, Lana Del Rey and Phoenix.  He produced two tracks on "Yeezus", the sixth album of American rapper Kanye West, including the lead single "Black Skinhead" and "Send It Up", both tracks produced with Kanye West, Daft Punk, Brodinski and Mike Dean.  Gesaffelstein released his debut album "ALEPH" on October 28, 2013 under Parlophone Records and EMI Music, which had been recorded since 2011.  His remix of "Shockwave" by The Hacker is featured in the 2013 video game "Grand Theft Auto V", on the Soulwax FM radio station.  In 2015 Gesaffelstein released the track Conquistador in collaboration with French electronic music pioneer Jean-Michel Jarre. <SEP> "Can't Tell Me Nothing" is a song by American hip-hop recording artist Kanye West.  It was released on May 15, 2007 as the lead single of his third studio album, "Graduation".  The song was produced by Kanye West and Atlanta record producer DJ Toomp.  It received acclaim from music critics and was listed amongst the best tracks of the year by several publications.  "Can't Tell Me Nothing" was nominated for Best Rap Song at the 50th Grammy Awards, but lost to another one of West's songs, "Good Life".  Since its release, West has continually reiterated that it is his favorite song he's done.  In 2012 Complex named it their song of the decade.
Question: Have Tionne Watkins and Park So-yeon both been members of a girl group?

The 3rd APAN Star Awards () is an awards ceremony for excellence in television in South Korea.  It was held at the Hall of Jeongsimhwa International Cultural Center, Chungnam National University in Daejeon on November 15, 2014 and hosted by T-ara's Park So-yeon and Kim Sung-joo.  The nominees were chosen from 87 Korean dramas that aired from November 1, 2013 to September 2014. <SEP> Park So-yeon (born October 5, 1987), better known mononymously as Soyeon, is a South Korean singer and actress.  She is best known as the former main vocalist and member of South Korean girl group T-ara. <SEP> Tionne Tenese Watkins (born April 26, 1970), better known by her stage name T-Boz, is an American singer, songwriter, actress, author, and executive producer.  Born in Des Moines, Iowa, Watkins rose to fame in the early 1990s as a member of the girl-group TLC.  She has won four Grammy Awards for her work with TLC. <SEP> R U the Girl (also known as R U the Girl with T-Boz and Chilli) is an American reality series that aired on UPN in 2005.  The series featured Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins and Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas, the remaining members of the all-girl R&B group TLC whose former member, Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes, died in a car crash in Honduras on April 25, 2002.  Initially promoted as a contest to permanently replace Lopes 3 years after her death by TLC themselves, both Watkins and Thomas admitted that the winner of the contest would not be joining TLC full-time and would not be a full-time replacement member; the winner would only provide guest vocals on a new single by the duo.
Question: Is The Moon-Spinners and Oceans both documentaries?

 The film was based upon a 1962 suspense novel by Mary Stewart and was directed by James Neilson.  "The Moon-Spinners" was Mills' fifth of six films for Disney, and featured the legendary silent film actress Pola Negri in her final screen performance. The Moon-Spinners is a 1964 American Walt Disney Productions feature film starring Hayley Mills, Eli Wallach and Peter McEnery in a story about a jewel thief hiding on the island of Crete. <SEP> The Joint Programming Initiative Healthy and Productive Seas and Oceans (JPI Oceans) is an intergovernmental initiative to enable cooperation in marine and maritime research.  The initiative was launched as one of ten Joint Programming Initiatives by the Council of the European Union in 2011.  JPI Oceans currently has a membership of 21 countries.  The member countries of JPI Oceans collectively decide which areas of research would benefit from international collaboration and participate on a voluntary basis. <SEP> The tidal force is a force that is the secondary effect of the force of gravity; it is responsible for the phenomenon of tides.  It arises because the gravitational force exerted by one body on another is not constant across it: the nearest side is attracted more strongly than the farthest side.  Thus, the tidal force is differential.  Consider the gravitational attraction of the Moon on the oceans nearest to the Moon, the solid Earth and the oceans farthest from the Moon.  There is a mutual attraction between the Moon and the solid Earth, which can be considered to act on its centre of mass.  However, the near oceans are more strongly attracted and, especially since they are fluid, they approach the Moon slightly, causing a high tide.  The far oceans are attracted less.  The attraction on the far-side oceans could be expected to cause a low tide, but since the solid Earth is attracted (accelerated) more strongly towards the moon, there is a "relative" acceleration of those waters in the outwards direction.  Viewing the Earth as a whole, we see that all its mass experiences a mutual attraction with that of the Moon, but the near oceans more so than the far oceans, leading to a separation of the two. <SEP> Oceans (French: Océans ) is a 2009 French nature documentary film directed, produced, co-written, and narrated by Jacques Perrin, with Jacques Cluzaud as co-director.  The film explores the marine species of Earth's five oceans and reflects on the negative aspects of human activity on the environment, with Perrin (Pierce Brosnan in English) providing narration.
Question: What party campaigned for the Irish Home Rule Movement?

 It was the dominant political movement of Irish nationalism from 1870 to the end of World War I. The Irish Home Rule movement was a movement that agitated for self-government for Ireland within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. <SEP> The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918.  Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform.  Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills. <SEP> The Home Rule League (1873–1882), sometimes called the Home Rule Party or the Home Rule Confederation, was a political party which campaigned for home rule for Ireland within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, until it was replaced by the Irish Parliamentary Party. <SEP> The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of Irish Home Rule movement and other home rule movements.  The movement lasted around two years between 1916–1918 and is believed to have set the stage for the independence movement under the leadership of Annie Besant and B.G Tilak.
Question: The memorial commemorating a 1941 Japanese surprise attack was designed by whom?

The USS "Arizona" Memorial, at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu, Hawaii, marks the resting place of 1,102 of the 1,177 sailors and Marines killed on  during the Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 and commemorates the events of that day.  The attack on Pearl Harbor and the island of Oʻ ahu led to the United States' direct involvement in World War II. <SEP> The Frederick Douglass Memorial is a memorial commemorating Frederick Douglass, installed at the northwest corner of New York City's Central Park, in the U.S. state of New York.  The memorial includes an 8-foot bronze sculpture depicting Douglass by Gabriel Koren and a large circle and fountain designed by Algernon Miller.  Additionally, Quennell Rothschild & Partners is credited as the memorial's architecture, and Polich-Tallix served as the foundry.  The memorial was dedicated on September 20, 2011, and was funded by the Percent for Art program and the Department of Cultural Affairs. <SEP> John Paul Jones Memorial Park is a municipal park in the town of Kittery, Maine.  The trapezoidal park, flanked by the lanes of United States Route 1 approaching the Memorial Bridge across the Piscataqua River, was established in 1926 and named for American Revolutionary War naval hero John Paul Jones.  Its centerpiece is a memorial commemorating the soldiers and sailors of the state of Maine, designed by Bashka Paeff.  The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. <SEP>  The memorial was designed by Alfred Preis, and has a sagging center but strong and vigorous ends, expressing "initial defeat and ultimate victory". The attack on Pearl Harbor has received substantial attention in popular culture in multiple media and cultural formats including film, architecture, memorial statues, non-fiction writing, historical writing, and historical fiction.  Today, the USS "Arizona" Memorial on the island of Oahu honors the dead.  Visitors to the memorial reach it via boats from the naval base at Pearl Harbor.  It commemorates all lives lost on December 7, 1941.
Question: Which Formula One World Champion had a teammate named Richie Ginther?

The 1963 United States Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on October 6, 1963, at the Watkins Glen Grand Prix Race Course in Watkins Glen, New York.  It was race 8 of 10 in both the 1963 World Championship of Drivers and the 1963 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.  The 110-lap race was won by BRM driver Graham Hill after he started from pole position.  His teammate Richie Ginther finished second and Lotus driver Jim Clark came in third. <SEP>  He is the only driver ever to win the Triple Crown of Motorsport—the 24 Hours of Le Mans, Indianapolis 500 and either the Monaco Grand Prix or the Formula One World Drivers' Championship.  He also appeared on TV in the 1970s on a variety of non-sporting programmes including panel games.  He liked painting in his spare time. Norman Graham Hill {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} (15 February 1929 – 29 November 1975) was a British racing driver and team owner from England, who was twice Formula One World Champion. <SEP> Paul Richard "Richie" Ginther (Granada Hills, California, August 5, 1930 – September 20, 1989 in France) was a racecar driver from the United States.  During a varied career, the 1965 Mexican Grand Prix saw Ginther take Honda's first Grand Prix victory, a victory which would also prove to be Ginther's only win in Formula One.  Ginther competed in 54 World Championship Formula One Grand Prix races and numerous other non-Championship F1 events. <SEP> The 1962 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monza on 16 September 1962.  It was race 7 of 9 in both the 1962 World Championship of Drivers and the 1962 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers.  The 86-lap race was won by BRM driver Graham Hill after he started from second position.  His teammate Richie Ginther finished second and Cooper driver Bruce McLaren came in third.
Question: "Knock" is an example of fiction by Frederic Brown that has how many words?

"How Many Words" is the official second single by the singer-songwriter Blake Lewis, from his debut album "A.D.D. (Audio Day Dream)".  The song was expected to be followed by "Know My Name", and then "Without You".  However, due to being dropped by Arista Records, "How Many Words" is the final single from his debut album.  He is expected to release a single from his second album at the end of 2009.  The single was released to mainstream radio format on March 10, 2008.  Also, an EP featuring remixes of the song was released onto iTunes on May 13, 2008.  Lewis performed the song live on the March 6, 2008 results show of the seventh season of "American Idol". <SEP>  Some commentators have also suggested that some flash fiction possesses a unique literary quality, e.g. the ability to hint at or imply a larger story. Flash fiction is fictional work of extreme brevity, that still offers character and plot development, including the , 140-character stories, also known as "twitterature", the "dribble" (50 words), the "drabble" , also known as "microfiction"(100 words), "sudden fiction" (750 words), flash fiction (1000 words), and "micro-story". <SEP> "Knock", written by Fredric Brown, is a science fiction short story that starts with a short-short story based on the following text of Thomas Bailey Aldrich: <SEP> Circumlocution (also called circumduction, circumvolution, periphrasis, or ambage) is speech that circles around an idea with many words instead of stating it directly and simply.  It is sometimes necessary in communication (for example, to avoid lexical gaps that would cause untranslatability), but it can also be undesirable (when an uncommon or easily misunderstood figure of speech is used).  Roundabout speech is the use of many words to describe something that already has a common and concise term (for example, saying ""a tool used for cutting things such as paper and hair"" instead of "scissors").  Most dictionaries use circumlocution to define words.  Circumlocution is often used by people with aphasia and people learning a new language, where simple terms can be paraphrased to aid learning or communication (for example, paraphrasing the word "grandfather" as "the father of one's father").  Euphemism, innuendo, and equivocation are different forms of circumlocution.
Question: Who played the role of Nettie Harris in the 1985 film directed by Steven Spielberg?

The Goonies is a 1985 film produced by Steven Spielberg. <SEP> Renée Elise Goldsberry (born January 2, 1971) is an American actress, singer and songwriter, known for originating the role of Angelica Schuyler Church in the Broadway musical "Hamilton", for which she won the 2016 Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical.  Her other Broadway credits include Nettie Harris in the original Broadway cast of "The Color Purple", Mimi Márquez in "Rent", and Nala in "The Lion King".  She has portrayed many roles on television, including Geneva Pine on "The Good Wife", and Evangeline Williamson on "One Life to Live", for which she received two Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series nominations. <SEP> The Color Purple is a 1985 American period drama film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Menno Meyjes, based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by Alice Walker.  It was Spielberg's eighth film as a director, and was a change from the summer blockbusters for which he had become famous.  The film was also the first feature-length film directed by Spielberg for which John Williams did not compose the music.  The film starred Danny Glover, Desreta Jackson, Margaret Avery, Oprah Winfrey (in her film debut), Adolph Caesar, Rae Dawn Chong, and featured Whoopi Goldberg (also in her film debut) as Celie Harris-Johnson. <SEP> Akosua Gyamama Busia (born 30 December 1966) is a Ghanaian actress, film director, author and songwriter who lives in the U.K. Busia is best known for her role as Nettie Harris in the 1985 film "The Color Purple" alongside Whoopi Goldberg.
Question: What company started the urban complex development that included the highrise building, The Harmon?

 The tower was designed by Foster + Partners as a non-gaming boutique hotel, and was to be operated by Andrew Sasson's The Light Group upon completion.  The building featured an elliptical layout and highly reflective exterior located on the northeast corner of the project at the intersection of Las Vegas Boulevard and Harmon Avenue.  Significant construction defects in the building were discovered in 2008, and the project was halted indefinitely. The Harmon was a highrise building at the CityCenter development in Paradise, Nevada.  On August 23, 2013, a Clark County court approved the tower's demolition.  The dismantling of the tower began in the summer of 2014 and completed in the fall of 2015. <SEP> CityCenter (also known as CityCenter Las Vegas) is a 16797000 sqft mixed-use, urban complex on 76 acre located on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada.  It is the largest privately funded construction project in the history of the United States.  The project was started by MGM Resorts International; Dubai World became a joint partner during the project's construction phase.  The project is connected by a people mover system to adjacent MGM properties Monte Carlo Las Vegas and Bellagio Las Vegas.  As of 2015, the "CityCenter" branding has been largely retired, with the focus instead on the Aria brand of the development's centerpiece property in names such as the "Aria Express" (formerly "CityCenter Tram") and "Aria Art Collection" (formerly "CityCenter Art Collection"). <SEP> Wisma Nusantara is an office highrise building located in Jalan M.H. Thamrin, Jakarta, Indonesia.  Constructed in 1964, Wisma Nusantara is considered to be the first highrise in Indonesia and Southeast Asia to reach 100 metre height.  The building complex included the Pullman Hotel. <SEP> The Lincoln Bank Tower in Fort Wayne, Indiana, United States, is an Art Deco highrise building.  Construction started in late 1929 with the building's opening in 1930.  For decades, it was the tallest building in the state.  The building was also known as "Lincoln Bank Tower" to distinguish it from the building at 215 Berry Street, which had been known as the "Lincoln Life Building" from 1912 until 1923.  Today, that other building is commonly known by the original Elektron Building name.
Question: the work of The Last Poets and Gil Scott Heron inspired music that fits under what larger sub-genre?

Underground hip hop is an umbrella term for hip hop music outside the general commercial canon.  It is typically associated with independent artists, signed to independent labels or no label at all.  Underground hip hop is often characterized by socially conscious, positive, or anti-commercial lyrics.  However, there is no unifying or universal theme – AllMusic suggests that it "has no sonic signifiers".  "The Underground" also refers to the community of musicians, fans and others that support non-commercial, or independent music.  Music scenes with strong ties to underground hip hop include alternative hip hop and conscious hip hop.  Many artists who are considered "underground" today were not always so, and may have previously broken the "Billboard" charts. <SEP> In hip hop music, "political hip hop", or "political rap", is a form developed in the 1980s, inspired by 1970s political preachers such as The Last Poets and Gil Scott-Heron.  Public Enemy were the first political hip hop group to gain commercial success.  Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five released the first sociopolitical rap song in 1982, named "The Message", which inspired many rappers to address social and political topics. <SEP> Political hip hop is a subgenre of hip hop music that was developed in the 1980s as a way of turning rap music into a call for action and a form of social activism.  Inspired by 1970s political preachers such as The Last Poets and musician Gil Scott-Heron, Public Enemy was the first predominately political hip-hop group.  It has helped to create a new form of social expression for subordinate groups to speak about their exclusions, injustices and lack of power.  Political hip-hop is the use of hip hop music to send political messages to inspire action or to convince the listener of a particular worldview.  There is no all-encompassing political hip-hop ideology; rather, there are multiple perspectives that range anywhere from Marxism to the values of the Five Percent Nation. <SEP> Abiodun Oyewole (born Charles Davis, February 1948), is a poet, teacher and founding member of the American music and spoken-word group The Last Poets, which developed into what is considered to be the first hip hop group.  Critic Jason Ankeny wrote, "With their politically charged raps, taut rhythms, and dedication to raising African-American consciousness, the Last Poets almost single-handedly laid the groundwork for the emergence of hip-hop."