Question: When was the region immediately north of the region prevailing with the disgrace of the Near East and the site of the most growth in desalination for agricultural use established?

the u.s. agency for international development (usaid), an independent agency under the department of state established in place of the marshall plan for the purpose of determining and distributing foreign aid, does not use the term near east. its definition of middle east corresponds to that of the state department, which officially prefers the term near east. <SEP> Desalination is an artificial process by which saline water (generally sea water) is converted to fresh water. The most common desalination processes are distillation and reverse osmosis. Desalination is currently expensive compared to most alternative sources of water, and only a very small fraction of total human use is satisfied by desalination. It is usually only economically practical for high-valued uses (such as household and industrial uses) in arid areas. However, there is growth in desalination for agricultural use, and highly populated areas such as Singapore or California. The most extensive use is in the Persian Gulf. <SEP> the first commercial banana farm in the united states was established in florida, near silver lake, in 1876. a number of independent banana farms and cultivars have been located in a number of areas, reaching as far north as the southern midwest and ohio river, where wild banana trees can be found along the banks of the ohio at far southern illinois, indiana, and missouri, just north of kentucky. this region equates roughly with the northernmost terminus of the subtropical crop - growing region of the us, which ends at about cincinnati, ohio, and further east in cities and locations such as philadelphia, pennsylvania, new york city and long island in new york, and coastal regions of southern new england. banana growth further west along this ecological transition line, such as in central to northern missouri and northern kansas / far southern nebraska is highly dubious and uncertain, due to extreme temperature fluctuations and an increase in aridity. <SEP> The area of modern - day Saudi Arabia formerly consisted of four distinct regions: Hejaz, Najd and parts of Eastern Arabia (Al - Ahsa) and Southern Arabia ('Asir). He united the four regions into a single state through a series of conquests beginning in 1902 with the capture of Riyadh, the ancestral home of his family, the House of Saud. Saudi Arabia has since been an absolute monarchy, effectively a hereditary dictatorship governed along Islamic lines. The ultraconservative Wahhabi religious movement within Sunni Islam has been called ``the predominant feature of Saudi culture '', with its global spread largely financed by the oil and gas trade. Saudi Arabia is sometimes called`` the Land of the Two Holy Mosques'' in reference to Al - Masjid al - Haram (in Mecca) and Al - Masjid an - Nabawi (in Medina), the two holiest places in Islam. As of 2013, the state had a total population of 28.7 million, of which 20 million were Saudi nationals and 8 million were foreigners. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932 by Ibn Saud. As of 2017, the population is 33 million. The state's official language is Arabic. <SEP> However, "Near East" continues in some circles at the discretion of the defining agency or academic department. They are not generally considered distinct regions as they were at their original definition. Subsequently with the disgrace of "Near East" in diplomatic and military circles, "Middle East" prevailed. <SEP> Its extensive coastlines on the Persian Gulf and Red Sea provide great leverage on shipping (especially crude oil) through the Persian Gulf and Suez Canal. The kingdom occupies 80% of the Arabian Peninsula. Most of the country's boundaries with the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Oman, and the Republic of Yemen (formerly two separate countries: the Yemen Arab Republic or North Yemen; and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen or South Yemen) are undefined, so the exact size of the country remains unknown. The Saudi government estimate is at 2,217,949 square kilometres, while other reputable estimates vary between 2,149,690 and 2,240,000 sq. kilometres. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a country situated in Southwest Asia, the largest country of Arabia, bordering the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, north of Yemen. Less than 1% of the total area is suitable for cultivation, and in the early 1990s, population distribution varied greatly among the towns of the eastern and western coastal areas, the densely populated interior oases, and the vast, almost empty deserts.