Question: How were the same people who the Somali Muslim Ajuran Empire declared independence from expelled from the natural boundary between Thailand and the country where Route 3 is found?

It restored a smaller, more manageable kingdom, encompassing Lower Myanmar, Upper Myanmar, Shan states, Lan Na and upper Tenasserim. The Restored Toungoo kings created a legal and political framework whose basic features would continue well into the 19th century. The crown completely replaced the hereditary chieftainships with appointed governorships in the entire Irrawaddy valley, and greatly reduced the hereditary rights of Shan chiefs. Its trade and secular administrative reforms built a prosperous economy for more than 80 years. From the 1720s onward, the kingdom was beset with repeated Meithei raids into Upper Myanmar and a nagging rebellion in Lan Na. The dynasty regrouped and defeated the Portuguese in 1613 and Siam in 1614. In 1740, the Mon of Lower Myanmar founded the Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom. Hanthawaddy forces sacked Ava in 1752, ending the 266-year-old Toungoo Dynasty. <SEP> It lies along the Indian and Eurasian Plates, to the southeast of the Himalayas. To its west is the Bay of Bengal and to its south is the Andaman Sea. It is strategically located near major Indian Ocean shipping lanes. Myanmar (also known as Burma) is the northwestern-most country of mainland Southeast Asia, bordering China, India, Bangladesh, Thailand and Laos. <SEP> the land within the borders of current portugal has been continuously settled and fought over since prehistoric times. the celts and the romans were followed by the visigothic and the suebi germanic peoples, who were themselves later invaded by the moors. these muslim peoples were eventually expelled during the christian reconquista of the peninsula. by 1139, portugal had established itself as a kingdom independent from león. in the 15th and 16th centuries, as the result of pioneering the age of discovery, portugal expanded western influence and established the first global empire, becoming one of the world's major economic, political and military powers. <SEP> economic and political migrations made an impact across the empire. for example, the russian and austria-habsburg annexation of the crimean and balkan regions respectively saw large influxes of muslim refugees – 200,000 crimean tartars fleeing to dobruja. between 1783 and 1913, approximately 5–7 million refugees flooded into the ottoman empire, at least 3.8 million of whom were from russia. some migrations left indelible marks such as political tension between parts of the empire (e.g. turkey and bulgaria) whereas centrifugal effects were noticed in other territories, simpler demographics emerging from diverse populations. economies were also impacted with the loss of artisans, merchants, manufacturers and agriculturists. since the 19th century, a large proportion of muslim peoples from the balkans emigrated to present-day turkey. these people are called muhacir. by the time the ottoman empire came to an end in 1922, half of the urban population of turkey was descended from muslim refugees from russia. <SEP> The 197 km route begins in the provincial capital Luang Namtha, Louang Namtha Province, Laos. Route 3 is an important link in the north of Laos between China and Thailand. It runs southwestwards reaching the provincial capital of Ban Houayxay, Bokeo Province, on river Mekong. On completion of the Fourth Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge it will end there. China is interested in improving traffic routes to Southeast Asia, to be financed with together with Thailand. China has the main share in the expansion of highways in Laos. The Laotian section is part of the Kunming–Bangkok Expressway, which is part of the Asian Highway AH3. <SEP> The Portuguese discovery of the Cape of Good Hope in 1488 initiated a series of Ottoman-Portuguese naval wars in the Indian Ocean throughout the 16th century. The discovery of new maritime trade routes by Western European states allowed them to avoid the Ottoman trade monopoly. The Somali Muslim Ajuran Empire, allied with the Ottomans, defied the Portuguese economic monopoly in the Indian Ocean by employing a new coinage which followed the Ottoman pattern, thus proclaiming an attitude of economic independence in regard to the Portuguese.