Question: Which novelist, J. G. Farrell or Louis Aragon, wrote of the political and human consequences of his country's colonial rule?

Passages:
James Gordon Farrell (25 January 1935 – 11 August 1979) was a Liverpool-born novelist of Irish descent.  He gained prominence for a series of novels known as the "Empire Trilogy" ("Troubles", "The Siege of Krishnapur" and "The Singapore Grip"), which deal with the political and human consequences of British colonial rule. The Murree Rebellion of 1857, sometimes termed a war of Independence, was part of the Indian Rebellion of 1857.  It was a rebel skirmish between the tribes surrounding the Hill Station of Murree (in modern-day Pakistan) and the colonial government of British India.  Resentment toward colonial rule had been mounting for many years following the British establishment in the subcontinent.  There had been occasional isolated uprisings toward the British.  The significance of the 1857 events was that, although not centrally coordinated, the uprisings had the feel of something much larger with real anticipation that colonial rule would be overthrown. According to the Republic of Niger's Constitution of 1999, most human rights, as defined by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, are upheld and protected.  Despite these protections, concerns of both domestic and international human rights organizations have been raised over the behavior of the government, military, police forces, and over the continuation of traditional practices which contravene the 1999 constitution.  Under French colonial rule (1900–1960) and from independence until 1992, citizens of Niger had few political rights, and lived under arbitrary government power.  Although the situation has improved since the return to civilian rule, criticisms remain over the state of human rights in the country. Louis Aragon (] , 3 October 1897 – 24 December 1982) was a French poet, who was one of the leading voices of the surrealist movement in France, who co-founded with André Breton and Philippe Soupault the surrealist review "Littérature".  He was also a novelist and editor, a long-time member of the Communist Party and a member of the Académie Goncourt. The 1985 Hong Kong electoral reform introduced the first ever indirect election to the colonial legislature during the last years of the British colonial rule in Hong Kong.  The reform proposals was first carried out in the Green Paper: the Further Development of Representative Government in Hong Kong in July 1984 right before the Sino-British Joint Declaration in December.  The reform laid the foundation of the representative democracy in Hong Kong which developed throughout the last years of the colonial rule and succeeded by the democratic development in Hong Kong after the handover of Hong Kong in 1997. Les Chansons d'Aragon (English: ""Songs of Aragon"") is an album by Léo Ferré, released in 1961 by Barclay Records.  It is his second album dedicated to a poet, after Baudelaire's "Les Fleurs du mal" in 1957.  Here, Ferré focuses on former surrealist Louis Aragon, but the body of work he chooses (poetry collection "Le Roman inachevé", mostly) is not surrealistic. The origins of the Sri Lankan Civil War lie in the continuous political rancor between the majority Sinhalese and the minority Sri Lankan Tamils.  Before and during the early part of colonial rule by Europeans, Sri Lanka was under the rule of three separate kingdoms.  War and peace was a status quo between nations, unlike the present status quo of war crimes and terrorism between majorities and minorities.  During the colonial rule by Portuguese and then the Dutch, the three sovereign states were ruled as separate entities.  The final British colonial rule amalgamated the entire island into a single administrative entity after independence the minorities were handed over to the mercy of the majority who were warring parties before the period of the European colonisation.  According to Jonathan Spencer, a social anthropologist from the School of Social and Political Studies of the University of Edinburgh, the war is an outcome of how modern ethnic identities have been made and re-made since the colonial period, with the political struggle between minority Tamils and the Sinhala-dominant government accompanied by rhetorical wars over archeological sites and place name etymologies, and the political use of the national past. Fort Diu, is located on the west coast of India in Diu, a Union Territory, administered by the Government of India.  The fort was built by the Portuguese during their colonial rule of the Diu island.  The Diu town is located to the west of the fort.  The fort was built in 1535 subsequent to a defense alliance forged by Bahadur Shah, the Sultan of Gujarat and the Portuguese when Humayun, the Mughal Emperor waged war to annex this territory.  The fort was strengthened over the years, till 1546.  Portuguese ruled over this territory from 1537 (from the year they took control of the fort and also the Diu town fully) till 1961 (for 424 years, the longest period by any colonial rule in the world) they were forced to quit only in December 1961 (even though India became an independent country in 1947) during a military action called the "Operation Vijay" launched by the Government of India, whereafter Diu was merged with India and became a centrally administered Union Territory (UT). "L'Affiche rouge" is a song from the album "Les Chansons d'Aragon" (1961) by Léo Ferré.  Its lyrics are based on the poem Strophes pour se souvenir ("Strophes to remember") which Louis Aragon wrote in 1955 for the inauguration of a street in the 20th arrondissement in Paris, named "rue du Groupe Manouchian" in honor of 23 members of the FTP-MOI executed by the Nazis in the Mont-Valérien.  The affair became known by the name of the "Affiche rouge" ("Red Poster") because the Germans plastered Paris in the spring of 1944 with thousands of red posters denouncing those executed as immigrants and Resistants. Mwambutsa IV Bangiricenge (6 May 1912–26 March 1977) was king ("mwami") of Burundi who ruled between 1915 and 1966.  He succeeded to the throne on the death of his father Mutaga IV Mbikije (  1908–15 ).  Born while Burundi was under German colonial rule, Mwambutsa's reign mostly coincided with Belgian colonial rule (1916–62).  The Belgians retained the monarchs of both Rwanda and Burundi under the policy of indirect rule.

Supporting sentences:
James Gordon Farrell (25 January 1935 – 11 August 1979) was a Liverpool-born novelist of Irish descent.  He gained prominence for a series of novels known as the "Empire Trilogy" ("Troubles", "The Siege of Krishnapur" and "The Singapore Grip"), which deal with the political and human consequences of British colonial rule.  He was also a novelist and editor, a long-time member of the Communist Party and a member of the Académie Goncourt.