Question: The leader of the space race in April 1961 and the US became important members in an organization. When was Eritrea annexed by the country which is the largest troop contributor to this organization's peace keeping mission?

<P0-S0> The Soviet Union beat the US to this, with the October 4, 1957, orbiting of Sputnik 1, and later beat the US to the first human in space, Yuri Gagarin, on April 12, 1961. <P0-S1> The`` race'' peaked with the July 20, 1969, US landing of the first humans on the Moon with Apollo 11. <P0-S2> The USSR tried but failed crewed lunar missions, and eventually canceled them and concentrated on Earth orbital space stations. <P0-S3> The Space Race began on August 2, 1955, when the Soviet Union responded to the US announcement four days earlier of intent to launch artificial satellites for the International Geophysical Year, by declaring they would also launch a satellite ``in the near future ''. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Soviet Union suffered greatly in the war, losing around 27 million people. <P1-S1> Approximately 2.8 million Soviet POWs died of starvation, mistreatment, or executions in just eight months of 1941 -- 42. <P1-S2> It emerged as a superpower in the post-war period. <P1-S3> During the war, the Soviet Union together with the United States, the United Kingdom and China were considered as the Big Four of Allied powers in World War II and later became the Four Policemen which was the foundation of the United Nations Security Council. <P1-S4> Once denied diplomatic recognition by the Western world, the Soviet Union had official relations with practically every nation by the late 1940s. <P1-S5> A member of the United Nations at its foundation in 1945, the Soviet Union became one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, which gave it the right to veto any of its resolutions. <SEP> <P2-S0> the war is also known under other names, such as the persian gulf war, first gulf war, gulf war i, kuwait war, first iraq war or iraq war, before the term ``iraq war ''became identified instead with the 2003 iraq war (also referred to in the us as`` operation iraqi freedom''). <P2-S1> the iraqi army's occupation of kuwait that began 2 august 1990 was met with international condemnation and brought immediate economic sanctions against iraq by members of the un security council. <P2-S2> us president george h.w. <P2-S3> bush deployed us forces into saudi arabia, and urged other countries to send their own forces to the scene. <P2-S4> an array of nations joined the coalition, the largest military alliance since world war ii. <P2-S5> the great majority of the coalition's military forces were from the us, with saudi arabia, the united kingdom and egypt as leading contributors, in that order. <P2-S6> kuwait and saudi arabia paid around us $32 billion of the us $60 billion cost. <SEP> <P3-S0> In June 2013. <P3-S1> Pakistan contributed the highest number overall with 8,186 personnel, followed by India (7,878), Bangladesh (7,799), Ethiopia (6,502), Rwanda (4,686), Nigeria (4,684), Nepal (4,495), Jordan (3,374), Ghana (2,859), and Egypt (2,750). <P3-S2> As of 28 February 2015, 120 countries were contributing a total of 104,928 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Bangladesh leading the tally (9446). <P3-S3> As of 29 February 2016, 124 countries were contributing a total of 105,314 personnel in Peacekeeping Operations, with Ethiopia leading the tally (8,324), followed by India (7,695) and Bangladesh (7,525). <P3-S4> As of March 2008, in addition to military and police personnel, 5,187 international civilian personnel, 2,031 UN Volunteers and 12,036 local civilian personnel worked in UN peacekeeping missions. <SEP> <P4-S0> mel pinto (born september 9, 1923, tangiers, morocco), became one of the first importers of european racing bikes into the united states in 1958 when he opened mel pinto imports in northern virginia and began selling gitane bicycles on consignment. <P4-S1> later, pinto was the first to import shimano’s dura-ace components into the u.s. in 1960, pinto became a founding member of the federation of washington area bicycle clubs, now known as the national capital velo club, and in 1963 revived the moribund national capital open bicycle race in washington, d.c., reestablishing it as an annual event on the ellipse until the race’s demise in 1988. <SEP> <P5-S0> During the Middle Ages, the Eritrea region was known as Medri Bahri ("sea-land"). <P5-S1> The name Eritrea is derived from the ancient Greek name for Red Sea (Ἐρυθρὰ Θάλασσα Erythra Thalassa, based on the adjective ἐρυθρός erythros "red"). <P5-S2> It was first formally adopted in 1890, with the formation of Italian Eritrea (Colonia Eritrea). <P5-S3> The territory became the Eritrea Governorate within Italian East Africa in 1936. <P5-S4> Eritrea was annexed by Ethiopia in 1953 (nominally within a federation until 1962) and an Eritrean Liberation Front formed in 1960. <P5-S5> Eritrea gained independence following the 1993 referendum, and the name of the new state was defined as State of Eritrea in the 1997 constitution. <P5-S6> [citation needed]