Question:  The iris hypothesis was proposed by an American atmospheric physicist who has published how many scientific papers and books?

<P0-S0>  His study of observed changes in cloud coverage and modeled effects on infrared radiation released to space as a result supported the hypothesis. <P0-S1>  This suggested infrared radiation leakage was hypothesized to be a negative feedback in which an initial warming would result in an overall cooling of the surface. <P0-S2>  The consensus view is that increased sea surface temperature would result in increased cirrus clouds and reduced infrared radiation leakage and therefore a positive feedback. <P0-S3> The iris hypothesis is a hypothesis proposed by Richard Lindzen et al. in 2001 that suggested increased sea surface temperature in the tropics would result in reduced cirrus clouds and thus more infrared radiation leakage from Earth's atmosphere. <SEP> <P1-S0> Miedema's model is a semi-empirical approach developed by the Dutch scientist Andries Rinse Miedema ( 15 November 1933 - 28 May 1992 ) while working at Philips Research Laboratories Philips_Natuurkundig_Laboratorium for estimating the heat of formation of solid or liquid metal alloys and /or compounds in the framework of thermodynamic calculations for metals and minerals. <P1-S1>  It may provide or confirm basic enthalpy data that have always been needed for the calculation of phase diagrams of metals, and that are now currently approached by CALPHAD. <P1-S2>  The method has been introduced by Miedema in a couple of papers appeared in 1973 in Philips Technical Review Magazine entitled "A simple model for alloys". <P1-S3>  While Miedema himself or with collaborators produced many scientific papers we report here in his own words the genuine motivation of his approach "Reliable rules for the alloying behaviour of metals have long been sought. <P1-S4>  There is the qualitative rule that states that the greater the difference in the electronegativity of two metals, the greater the heat of formation - and hence the stability. <P1-S5>  Then there is the Hume-Rothery rule, which states that two metals that differ by more than 15% in their atomic radius will not form substitutional solid solutions. <P1-S6>  This rule can only be used reliably (90 % success) to predict poor solubility; it cannot predict good solubility. <P1-S7>  The author has proposed a simple atomic model, which is empirical like the other two rules, but nevertheless has a clear physical basis and predicts the alloying behaviour of transition metals accurately in 98 % of cases. <P1-S8>  The model is very suitable for graphical presentation of the data and is therefore easy to use in practice." <P1-S9>  There are several free web bases applications like Entall or Miedema Calculator. <P1-S10>  The latter has been recently reviewed and improved, with an extension of the method in a scientific publication. <P1-S11>  A simple presentation of the method is in the appendix B of the book, while the original Algol program has been ported in a fortran code <SEP> <P2-S0> Ian Rutherford Plimer (born 12 February 1946) is an Australian geologist, professor emeritus of earth sciences at the University of Melbourne, professor of mining geology at the University of Adelaide, and the director of multiple mineral exploration and mining companies. <P2-S1>  He has published many scientific papers, six books and is one of the co-editors of Encyclopedia of Geology. <P2-S2>  He has been an outspoken critic of both creationism and the scientific consensus on anthropogenic climate change. <SEP> <P3-S0>  He has published more than 200 scientific papers and books. <P3-S1>  From 1983 until his retirement in 2013, he was Alfred P. Sloan Professor of Meteorology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. <P3-S2>  He was a lead author of Chapter 7, "Physical Climate Processes and Feedbacks," of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's Third Assessment Report on climate change. <P3-S3>  He has criticized the scientific consensus about climate change and what he has called "climate alarmism." <P3-S4> Richard Siegmund Lindzen (born February 8, 1940) is an American atmospheric physicist known for his work in the dynamics of the middle atmosphere, atmospheric tides, and ozone photochemistry.