Question: When was the driving test introduced where Apache helicopters are based in the nation that recently voted to leave a federal union?

<P0-S0> spring 1989 saw the people of the soviet union exercising a democratic choice, albeit limited, for the first time since 1917, when they elected the new congress of people's deputies. <P0-S1> just as important was the uncensored live tv coverage of the legislature's deliberations, where people witnessed the previously feared communist leadership being questioned and held accountable. <P0-S2> this example fueled a limited experiment with democracy in poland, which quickly led to the toppling of the communist government in warsaw that summer – which in turn sparked uprisings that overthrew communism in the other five warsaw pact countries before the end of 1989, the year the berlin wall fell. <P0-S3> these events showed that the people of eastern europe and the soviet union did not support gorbachev's drive to modernize communism; rather, they preferred to abandon it altogether. <SEP> <P1-S0> Until recently, in the absence of prior agreement on a clear and precise definition, the concept was thought to mean (as a shorthand) 'a division of sovereignty between two levels of government'. <P1-S1> New research, however, argues that this cannot be correct, as dividing sovereignty - when this concept is properly understood in its core meaning of the final and absolute source of political authority in a political community - is not possible. <P1-S2> The descent of the United States into Civil War in the mid-nineteenth century, over disputes about unallocated competences concerning slavery and ultimately the right of secession, showed this. <P1-S3> One or other level of government could be sovereign to decide such matters, but not both simultaneously. <P1-S4> Therefore, it is now suggested that federalism is more appropriately conceived as 'a division of the powers flowing from sovereignty between two levels of government'. <P1-S5> What differentiates the concept from other multi-level political forms is the characteristic of equality of standing between the two levels of government established. <P1-S6> The leading example of the federal union of states is the European Union. <P1-S7> This clarified definition opens the way to identifying two distinct federal forms, where before only one was known, based upon whether sovereignty resides in the whole (in one people) or in the parts (in many peoples): the federal state (or federation) and the federal union of states (or federal union), respectively. <P1-S8> Leading examples of the federal state include the United States, Germany, Canada, Switzerland, Australia and India. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Army Air Corps (AAC) is a component of the British Army, first formed in 1942 during the Second World War by grouping the various airborne units of the British Army (which are no longer part of the AAC). <P2-S1> They are located in Britain, Brunei, Canada, and Germany. <P2-S2> Today, there are eight regiments (7 Regular Army and 1 Reserve) of the AAC as well as four Independent Flights and two Independent Squadrons deployed in support of British Army operations across the world. <P2-S3> Some AAC squadrons provide the offensive and air assault elements of 16 Air Assault Brigade through Joint Helicopter Command. <SEP> <P3-S0> In a referendum on 23 June 2016, 51.9% of the participating UK electorate voted to leave the EU, out of a turnout of 72.2%. <P3-S1> On 29 March 2017, the UK government invoked Article 50 of the Treaty on the European Union. <P3-S2> The UK is thus due to leave the EU on 29 March 2019. <SEP> <P4-S0> Legislation for compulsory testing was introduced for all new drivers with the Road Traffic Act 1934. <P4-S1> The test was initially voluntary to avoid a rush of candidates until 1 June 1935 when all people who had started to drive on or after 1 April 1934 needed to have passed the test. <SEP> <P5-S0> the first mandatory sex test issued by the iaaf for woman athletes was in july 1950 in the month before the european championships in belgium. <P5-S1> all athletes were tested in their own countries. <P5-S2> sex testing at the games began at the 1966 european athletics championships in response to suspicion that several of the best women athletes from the soviet union and eastern europe were actually men. <P5-S3> at the olympics, testing was introduced in 1968.