winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: A Heldenbaritone is an opera singer, a German dramatic baritone, a voice type is a particular human singing voice identified as having certain qualities or characteristics of vocal range, vocal weight, tessitura, vocal timbre, and vocal transition points, are called what, such as breaks and lifts within the voice?

<P0-S0> A Heldenbaritone is an opera singer, a German dramatic baritone. <SEP> <P1-S0> Vocal weight refers to the perceived "lightness" or "heaviness" of a singing voice. <P1-S1>  This quality of the voice is one of the major determining factors in voice classification within classical music. <P1-S2>  Lighter voices are often associated with the term "lyric" and are usually brighter and more agile; heavier voices are often associated with the term "dramatic" and are usually powerful, rich, and darker. <P1-S3>  Other voice types like the spinto have a more medium vocal weight. <P1-S4>  Vocal weight can also affect overall vocal agility; heavier voices often have more difficulty maneuvering through florid coloratura passages than their lighter counterparts, as their weight and power compromises agility. <P1-S5>  Likewise, dramatic roles are often written with larger orchestras in mind as dramatic voices can carry more easily over larger ensembles. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Other considerations are physical characteristics, speech level, scientific testing, and vocal register. <P2-S1>  A singer's voice type is identified by a process known as voice classification, by which the human voice is evaluated and thereby designated into a particular voice type. <P2-S2>  The discipline of voice classification developed within European classical music and is not generally applicable to other forms of singing. <P2-S3>  Voice classification is often used within opera to associate possible roles with potential voices. <P2-S4>  Several different voice classification systems are available to identify voice types, including the German "Fach" system and the choral music system among many others; no system is universally applied or accepted. <P2-S5> A voice type is a particular human singing voice identified as having certain qualities or characteristics of vocal range, vocal weight, tessitura, vocal timbre, and vocal transition points ("passaggio"), such as breaks and lifts within the voice. <SEP> <P3-S0> In music, tessitura (] , pl. <P3-S1>  "tessiture", "texture"; ) is the most esthetically acceptable and comfortable vocal range for a given singer or, less frequently, musical instrument; the range in which a given type of voice presents its best-sounding (or characteristic) timbre. <P3-S2>  This broad definition is often interpreted to refer specifically to the pitch range that most frequently occurs within a given part of a musical piece. <P3-S3>  Hence, in musical notation, "tessitura" is the ambitus in which that particular vocal (or less often instrumental) part lies—whether high or low, etc.
Question: Frederick Valentine Atkinson, was a British mathematician, formerly of the University of Toronto, a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, in which country?

<P0-S0> Henry Atkinson (1781–1829) was a British mathematician and astronomer whose interests extended to economics, engineering, and philosophy. <P0-S1>  Born in West Harle, Northumberland, Atkinson was the son of a schoolmaster who allowed him to take over the teaching at Bavington School when he was only thirteen. <P0-S2>  Atkinson subsequently taught at schools in the Northumberland villages of Belsay, Woodburn, and Stamfordham. <P0-S3>  In 1808, he finally moved to Newcastle upon Tyne, where he continued to teach and began to establish a reputation as a scholar. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Atkinson's theorem and Atkinson–Wilcox theorem are named after him. <P1-S1>  His Ph.D. advisor at Oxford was Edward Charles Titchmarsh. <P1-S2> Frederick Valentine Atkinson (Pinner, 25 January 1916 – Toronto, 13 November 2002) was a British mathematician, formerly of the University of Toronto, Canada, where he spent most of his career. <SEP> <P2-S0> The University of Toronto is a public research university located principally in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. <SEP> <P3-S0>  It was founded by royal charter in 1827 as "King's College", the first institution of higher learning in the colony of Upper Canada. <P3-S1>  Originally controlled by the Church of England, the university assumed the present name in 1850 upon becoming a secular institution. <P3-S2>  As a collegiate university, it comprises twelve colleges, which differ in character and history, each with substantial autonomy on financial and institutional affairs. <P3-S3>  It has two satellite campuses in Scarborough and Mississauga. <P3-S4> The University of Toronto (U of T, UToronto, or Toronto) is a public research university in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on the grounds that surround Queen's Park.
Question: What kind of animal is represented by a bogle, or mythical beast called a Barghest, in Northumbrian mythology?

<P0-S0> The Pisa Griffin is a large bronze sculpture of a griffin, a mythical beast, which has been in Pisa in Italy since the Middle Ages, though it is of Islamic origin. <P0-S1>  It is the largest medieval Islamic metal sculpture known, at over three feet tall (42.5 inches, or 1.07 m.), and was probably created in the 11th century in Al-Andalus (Islamic Spain). <P0-S2>  It has been described as the "most famous as well as the most beautiful and monumental example" of a tradition of zoomorphic bronzes in Islamic art. <P0-S3>  It is now in the Museo dell'Opera del Duomo (Cathedral Museum), Pisa. <SEP> <P1-S0> In Northern English folklore, the Barghest or Barguest is a mythical monstrous black dog with large teeth and claws, though in other cases the name can refer to a ghost or household elf, especially in Northumberland and Durham, such as the Cauld Lad of Hylton. <SEP> <P2-S0> Questing is a 438 acre open space preserve and colonial era historic site located in New Marlborough, Massachusetts within The Berkshires. <P2-S1>  The property, acquired in 1996 by the land conservation non-profit organization The Trustees of Reservations, is named for a mythical beast from Arthurian Mythology called the Questing Beast. <SEP> <P3-S0>  They are reputed to live for the simple purpose of perplexing mankind, rather than seriously harming or serving them. <P3-S1> A bogle, boggle, or bogill is a Northumbrian and Scots term for a ghost or folkloric being, used for a variety of related folkloric creatures including Shellycoats, Barghests, Brags, the Hedley Kow and even giants such as those associated with Cobb's Causey (also known as "ettins", "yetuns" or "yotuns" in Northumberland and "Etenes", "Yttins" or "Ytenes" in the South and South West).
Question: McCarrs Creek, New South Wales is at the headwaters of a semi–mature tide located about how far  north of the Sydney central business district

<P0-S0> Pittwater is a semi–mature tide dominated drowned valley estuary, located about 40 km north of the Sydney central business district, New South Wales, Australia; being one of the bodies of water that separate greater Metropolitan Sydney from the Central Coast. <SEP> <P1-S0> Broken Bay, a semi–mature tide-dominated drowned valley estuary, is a large inlet of the Tasman Sea located about 50 km north of Sydney central business district on the coast of New South Wales, Australia; being one of the bodies of water that separate greater Metropolitan Sydney from the Central Coast. <P1-S1>  Broken Bay is the first major bay north of Sydney Harbour. <SEP> <P2-S0> McCarrs Creek is a suburb that is located adjacent to McCarrs Creek, approximately 4 km west of Newport, at the headwaters of the Pittwater in northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. <P2-S1>  McCarrs Creek was gazetted as a suburb on 20 January 2012. <SEP> <P3-S0> Badgerys Creek, also known as Badgery's Creek, is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia, located approximately 51 km west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government areas of the City of Liverpool. <P3-S1>  It is part of the Greater Western Sydney region and is adjacent to the suburbs of Kemps Creek and Austral.
Question: Chris Moore found success with the 1997 drama film directed by whom?

<P0-S0> Kill Theory is a 2009 horror-thriller film directed by Chris Moore and written by Kelly C. Palmer. <SEP> <P1-S0> Chris Moore is an American film producer who has worked in the industry since the 1990s. <P1-S1>  In addition to producing films throughout the 2000s and 2010s, he has also produced television such as "Project Greenlight". <P1-S2>  Moore's first film was "Glory Daze" (1995), followed by successes "Good Will Hunting" (1997) and "American Pie" (1999). <P1-S3>  He has directed two films, "Kill Theory" and "The People Speak", both released in 2009. <SEP> <P2-S0> All Over Me is a 1997 drama film directed by Alex Sichel and written by her sister, Sylvia Sichel. <P2-S1>  Alex Sichel received a grant from the Princess Grace Foundation to make a film about the riot grrrl music scene and then asked her sister to collaborate with her. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Written by Affleck and Damon (and with Damon in the title role), the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting, an unrecognized genius who, as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer, becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor. <P3-S1> Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film, directed by Gus Van Sant, and starring Robin Williams, Matt Damon, Ben Affleck, Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård. <P3-S2>  Through his therapy sessions, Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend, his girlfriend and himself, facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future.
Question: What character did the House of D actor posthumously play in the film Star Trek Beyond?

<P0-S0> Spock is a fictional character in the "Star Trek" media franchise. <P0-S1>  Spock was first portrayed by Leonard Nimoy in the , and also appears in the , a two-part episode of "", eight of the "Star Trek" feature films, and numerous Star Trek novels, comics, and video games. <P0-S2>  In addition, numerous actors portrayed the various stages of Spock's rapid growth, due to the effects of the Genesis Planet, in the 1984 Star Trek film "". <P0-S3>  In the 2009 film "Star Trek", Nimoy reprised his role with Zachary Quinto, who depicted a younger version of the character, existing within an alternate timeline. <P0-S4>  Both reprised their roles in the 2013 sequel "Star Trek Into Darkness" and Quinto reprised his role again in 2016's "Star Trek Beyond". <SEP> <P1-S0> Karl-Heinz Urban (born 7 June 1972) is a New Zealand actor. <P1-S1>  He is known for playing Julius Caesar and Cupid in "" and "", Éomer in the and installments of Peter Jackson's "The Lord of the Rings" trilogy, Vaako in second and third installments of the "Riddick" film series, Dr. Leonard "Bones" McCoy in "Star Trek", "Star Trek Into Darkness" and "Star Trek Beyond", and Judge Dredd in "Dredd". <P1-S2>  He won acclaim for his performances in New Zealand films "The Price of Milk" and "Out of the Blue". <P1-S3>  He also played the main character John Kennex in the short-lived television series "Almost Human". <P1-S4>  He will play Skurge in the Marvel Studios film "" set for a November 3, 2017 release. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The film stars Duchovny, Anton Yelchin, Téa Leoni, Erykah Badu, Frank Langella, Zelda Williams, and Robin Williams. <P2-S1> House of D is 2004 coming-of-age comedy-drama film directed by David Duchovny as his directorial debut in film. <P2-S2>  It was screened at the 2004 Tribeca Film Festival. <SEP> <P3-S0> Anton Viktorovich Yelchin (Russian: Анто́н Ви́кторович Е́льчин ; March 11, 1989 – June 19, 2016) was an American actor. <P3-S1>  He played Pavel Chekov in three "Star Trek" films, including the 2009 reboot film of the same name, along with the sequels, "Star Trek Into Darkness" and the posthumously released "Star Trek Beyond" (2016).
Question: which movie was directed by Damien Chazelle and won the 2017 Guild of Music Supervisors Awards?

<P0-S0>  It stars Ryan Gosling as a jazz pianist and Emma Stone as an aspiring actress, who meet and fall in love in Los Angeles while pursuing their dreams. <P0-S1> La La Land is a 2016 American musical romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Damien Chazelle. <P0-S2>  The film's title refers simultaneously to music, the city of Los Angeles, and to the idiom for being out of touch with reality. <SEP> <P1-S0> Compton", "Carol" and "Furious 7" were among the winners of the 2016 ceremony, while "La la land" of the 2017 ceremony. <P1-S1> The Guild of Music Supervisors Awards recognize music supervisors in 14 categories, representing movies, television, games and trailers. " <P1-S2>  The seventh annual ceremony took place at The Theatre at the Ace Hotel Los Angeles. <SEP> <P2-S0> A music supervisor is a person who combines music and visual media. <P2-S1>  According to The Guild of Music Supervisors, a music supervisor is “a qualified professional who oversees all music related aspects of film, television, advertising, video games and other existing or emerging visual mediaplatforms as required.” <P2-S2>  In the musical theatre industry, a music supervisor is often responsible for managing a team of music directors working on any number of musical productions. <SEP> <P3-S0> List of awards and nominations received by Damien Chazelle
Question: What is the birth name of the actor that performed the 1966 single "The Proud One"

<P0-S0> "I'm Still Gonna Need You" is a song performed by The Osmonds in 1975. <P0-S1>  It is on their 1975 album, "The Proud One". <P0-S2>  Its B-side, "Thank You", is also on the album. <P0-S3>  It reached No. 38 on the U.S. Adult Contemporary chart and No. 32 in the U.K. <SEP> <P1-S0> "The Proud One" is a 1966 single written by Bob Gaudio and Bob Crewe and originally performed by Frankie Valli and The Four Seasons, and credited to Valli solo; that version peaked at #68. <SEP> <P2-S0> She was born Sarah Frances Marie Martinot in New York City on December 19, 1861, the daughter of William Alexander and Mary Lydia (née Randall) Martinot. <P2-S1>  Her father was the son of John P. Martinot, a French immigrant who founded a successful wholesale firm dealing in imported silk products. <P2-S2>  William Martinot worked for his father's firm and had served in the American Civil War and later as a New York City police detective who once brought charges of corruption against a NYPD police captain. <P2-S3>  Her mother was said to be of the family that once owned Randall's Island in Manhattan. <P2-S4>  Before taking to the stage at 15, Martinot was educated at area public schools and the Ursuline Convent in New Rochelle, New York. <P2-S5>  Some accounts have her birth name as Sally Martin or Sally Eagan, the daughter of an Irish-American single mother who worked hard to ensure her a good education. <P2-S6>  In March 1894 Martinot stated to the press that, though she would have been proud to have been raised under such a circumstance, she in fact was the daughter of Mary and William Alexander Martinot. <SEP> <P3-S0> Frankie Valli (born Francesco Stephen Castelluccio; May 3, 1934) is an American singer, known as the frontman of The Four Seasons beginning in 1960. <P3-S1>  He is known for his unusually powerful head voice.
Question: Was Federico Fellini or John M. Stahl born first?

<P0-S0> Riccardo Fellini ( 21 February 1921 - 26 March 1991) was an Italian film actor. <P0-S1>  He also worked as a director on documentaries for RAI. <P0-S2>  He was the brother of the director Federico Fellini and starred in his 1953 film "I Vitelloni". <P0-S3>  His younger sister was the actress Maddalena Fellini. <SEP> <P1-S0> Federico Fellini International Airport (Italian: "Aeroporto Internazionale Federico Fellini" ; IATA: RMI, ICAO: LIPR ), formerly "Rimini Miramare Airport", is an airport located at "Miramare", 2.7 NM southeast of Rimini, Italy and 16 km away from City of San Marino, Republic of San Marino. <P1-S1>  The airport is named after Italian filmmaker Federico Fellini. <P1-S2>  Virtually all of its commercial flights are seasonal or charter flights to destinations outside Italy; there are no domestic flights offered at the moment. <SEP> <P2-S0> John Malcolm Stahl (January 21, 1886 – January 12, 1950) was an American film director and producer. <SEP> <P3-S0> Federico Fellini, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (] ; 20 January 1920 – 31 October 1993) was an Italian film director and screenwriter. <P3-S1>  Known for his distinct style that blends fantasy and baroque images with earthiness, he is recognized as one of the greatest and most influential filmmakers of all time. <P3-S2>  His films have ranked, in polls such as "Cahiers du cinéma" and "Sight & Sound", as some of the greatest films of all time. <P3-S3>  "Sight & Sound" lists his 1963 film "8½" as the 10th-greatest film of all time.
Question: The Social Contract is a book which Jean-Jacques Rousseau identified in which earlier book?

<P0-S0> The Social Contract, or Of the Social Contract, or Principles of Political Law (French: "Du contrat social ou Principes du droit politique" ; 1762) by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is a book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way to establish a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society, which he had already identified in his "Discourse on Inequality" (1754). <SEP> <P1-S0> In both moral and political philosophy, the social contract or political contract is a theory or model, originating during the Age of Enlightenment, that typically addresses the questions of the origin of society and the legitimacy of the authority of the state over the individual. <P1-S1>  Social contract arguments typically posit that individuals have consented, either explicitly or tacitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the ruler or magistrate (or to the decision of a majority), in exchange for protection of their remaining rights. <P1-S2>  The question of the relation between natural and legal rights, therefore, is often an aspect of social contract theory. <P1-S3>  The term takes its name from "The Social Contract" ("Du contrat social ou Principes du droit politique"), a 1762 book by Jean-Jacques Rousseau that discussed this concept. <SEP> <P2-S0> Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men (French: "Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes" ), also commonly known as the "Second Discourse", is a work by philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. <SEP> <P3-S0> Pygmalion (French: "Pygmalion" ) is the most influential dramatic work by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, other than his opera "Le devin du village". <P3-S1>  Though now rarely performed, it was one of the first ever melodramas (that is, a play consisting of pantomime gestures and the spoken word, both with a musical accompaniment). <P3-S2>  It is formed of spoken monodrama with instrumental musical interludes and thus can be credited with spreading a new theatrical genre, especially in German-speaking areas of Europe. <P3-S3>  He wrote it in 1762, with music by Horace Coignet. <P3-S4>  It was first performed at the Hôtel de Ville, Lyon in 1770. <P3-S5>  The work is considered a turning point for its author, who also wrote "The Social Contract" that same year.
Question: Which writer of the jazz song "Flying Home" was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1996?

<P0-S0> "Flying Home" is a jazz and jump blues composition written by Benny Goodman and Lionel Hampton with lyrics by Sid Robin. <P0-S1>  It was reportedly developed around a tune Hampton whistled as he nervously waited for his first flight on an aircraft. <SEP> <P1-S0> Saul Bellow (born Solomon Bellows; 10 June 1915 – 5 April 2005) was a Canadian-American writer. <P1-S1>  For his literary work, Bellow was awarded the Pulitzer Prize, the Nobel Prize for Literature, and the National Medal of Arts. <P1-S2>  He is the only writer to win the National Book Award for Fiction three times and he received the National Book Foundation's lifetime Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters in 1990. <SEP> <P2-S0> Lionel Leo Hampton (April 20, 1908 – August 31, 2002) was an American jazz vibraphonist, pianist, percussionist, bandleader and actor. <P2-S1>  Hampton worked with jazz musicians from Teddy Wilson, Benny Goodman, and Buddy Rich to Charlie Parker, Charles Mingus, and Quincy Jones. <P2-S2>  In 1992, he was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame, and was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1996. <SEP> <P3-S0> Henry "Hank" Jones Jr. (July 31, 1918 – May 16, 2010) was an American jazz pianist, bandleader, arranger, and composer. <P3-S1>  Critics and musicians described Jones as eloquent, lyrical, and impeccable. <P3-S2>  In 1989, The National Endowment for the Arts honored him with the NEA Jazz Masters Award. <P3-S3>  He was also honored in 2003 with the American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers (ASCAP) Jazz Living Legend Award. <P3-S4>  In 2008, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. <P3-S5>  On April 13, 2009, the University of Hartford presented Jones with a Doctorate Degree for his musical accomplishments.
Question: Rakesh Gangwal is the co founder of an airline headquartered in which country ?

<P0-S0> IndiGo is a low-cost airline headquartered at Gurgaon, Haryana, India. <P0-S1>  It is the largest airline in India by passengers carried and fleet size, with a 38.7% market share as of July 2017. <P0-S2>  It is also the largest individual Asian low-cost carrier in terms of jet fleet size and passengers carried, and the eighth largest carrier in Asia with over 41 million passengers carried in 2016. <P0-S3>  The airline operates to 46 destinations both domestic and international. <P0-S4>  It has its primary hub at Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi. <SEP> <P1-S0> Alejandra Chellew is a Chilean artistic businesswoman. <P1-S1>  One of the most important female leaders in the country, being selected among the 50 most important leaders in the country in 2005. <P1-S2>  She is a co founder of La Sala gallery, investing a lot of effort and resources supporting Chilean young talents. <SEP> <P2-S0> Rakesh Gangwal is a former CEO and Chairman of US Airways Group. <P2-S1>  From June 2003 to August 2007, Gangwal was the chairman, president, and chief executive officer of Worldspan Technologies, Inc., a provider of travel technology and information services to the travel and transportation industry. <P2-S2>  He is co-founder of Indigo airline. <P2-S3>  From 2002 to 2003, Gangwal was involved in various personal business endeavors, including private equity projects and consulting projects. <P2-S4>  He was the president and chief executive officer of US Airways Group from 1998 until his resignation in 2001. <SEP> <P3-S0> Odilon Kafitwe wa Pa Bowa (14 December 1939 – 12 June 1993) was a politician in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). <P3-S1>  Kafitwe held various positions as Director at Gecamines, member of the board of directors at SNCC, CEO of Gecamine Development, Co founder of UFERI one of the biggest political party in the early 90's and Minister of Justice. <P3-S2>  He initiated the renovation and put in place an Artisan Development Academy in some of the prisons around the country. <P3-S3>  When he was head of CEPSE Kafitwe made a record that was never reached in the productions of Maize for the Katanga province and initiated a food security program for the Province with the boosting and Development of farms in Katanga (Mangombo, Kando et Kasonga). <P3-S4>  He is one of the rare leader in the DRC who had a chance to be honored by being buried on top of a mountain in a town call Likasi "Montagne du Mangeur de Cuivre" because of advocating to the world to recognize the Copper-eaters. <P3-S5>  The first African people who worked the red metal well before the arrival of the Belgians in the DRC les " Mangeurs de Cuivre".
Question: Who was the author of the book series that the TV series is based on that Maisie Williams made her debut on?

<P0-S0> Ann Sothern (born Harriette Arlene Lake; January 22, 1909 – March 15, 2001) was an American actress who worked on stage, radio, film, and television, in a career that spanned nearly six decades. <P0-S1>  Sothern began her career in the late 1920s in bit parts in films. <P0-S2>  In 1930, she made her Broadway stage debut and soon worked her way up to starring roles. <P0-S3>  In 1939, MGM cast her as Maisie Ravier, a brash yet lovable Brooklyn showgirl. <P0-S4>  The character, based on the "Maisie" short stories by Nell Martin, proved to be popular and spawned a successful film series ("Congo Maisie", "Gold Rush Maisie", "Up Goes Maisie", etc.) and a network radio series ("The Adventures of Maisie"). <SEP> <P1-S0> Ashildr (also known as Me) is a fictional character in the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who", portrayed by Maisie Williams, who was introduced in the ninth series episode "The Girl Who Died". <SEP> <P2-S0> Arya Stark is a fictional character in American author George R. R. Martin's award-winning "A Song of Ice and Fire" epic fantasy novel series. <P2-S1>  She is a prominent point of view character in the novels, with the third most viewpoint chapters overall out of all the characters in the series so far, and is the only viewpoint character to appear in every published book of the series. <SEP> <P3-S0> Margaret Constance "Maisie" Williams (born 15 April 1997) is an English actress. <P3-S1>  In 2016, she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. <P3-S2>  She made her professional acting debut as Arya Stark in the HBO fantasy television series "Game of Thrones" in 2011, for which she won the EWwy Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama, the Portal Award for Best Supporting Actress – Television and Best Young Actor, and the Saturn Award for Best Performance by a Younger Actor.
Question: Paul C. Donnelly's first manned launch was that of the astronaut and businessman of what nationality?

<P0-S0> STS-62-A was a planned Space Shuttle mission to deliver a reconnaissance payload (Teal Ruby) into polar orbit. <P0-S1>  It was expected to use "Discovery". <P0-S2>  It would have been the first manned launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California, and the first manned mission to go into polar orbit. <P0-S3>  The mission designation, 62-A, meant: 6=fiscal year 1986, 2=Vandenberg (1=Kennedy Space Center), and A=first flight in that fiscal year. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Responsible for the checkout of all Apollo launch vehicles and spacecraft, he was also involved in every U.S. manned launch from Alan Shepard's Mercury suborbital flight in 1961 through the tenth space shuttle mission (STS-41B) in 1984. <P1-S1> Paul Charles Donnelly (March 28, 1923 – March 12, 2014) was an American guided missile pioneer and a senior NASA manager during the Apollo moon landing program at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC). <SEP> <P2-S0> Mercury-Redstone 3, or Freedom 7, was the first United States human spaceflight, on May 5, 1961, piloted by astronaut Alan Shepard. <P2-S1>  It was the first manned flight of Project Mercury, the objective of which was to put an astronaut into orbit around the Earth and return him safely. <P2-S2>  Shepard's mission was a 15-minute suborbital flight with the primary objective of demonstrating his ability to withstand the high g forces of launch and atmospheric re-entry. <SEP> <P3-S0> Rear Admiral Alan Bartlett Shepard Jr. (November 18, 1923 – July 21, 1998) was an American astronaut, naval aviator, test pilot, and businessman.
Question: Are both Mark Wystrach and Jimi Jamison American musicians?

<P0-S0>  He had previously been the frontman of the platinum-selling rock band Survivor between 1984–89, 2000–06 and from 2011 until his death. <P0-S1>  Jamison is also known for writing and performing "I'm Always Here", the theme song for the TV series "Baywatch". <P0-S2> Jimmy Wayne "Jimi" Jamison (August 23, 1951 – September 1, 2014) was an American musician, singer, and songwriter. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mark Wystrach (born December 17, 1979) is an American actor and country music singer. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Burning Heart" is a song by Survivor. <P2-S1>  It was sung by Jimi Jamison and appeared in the 1985 film "Rocky IV" and on its soundtrack album. <P2-S2>  The single peaked at number 2 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 for two weeks in February 1986, behind "That's What Friends Are For" by Dionne and Friends. <SEP> <P3-S0> Too Hot to Sleep is the seventh album from rock band Survivor, released in 1988. <P3-S1>  It was a relative commercial disappointment, reaching only #187 on the Billboard album charts, though "Across The Miles" is one of their biggest AC chart hits. <P3-S2>  After this album, founders Frankie Sullivan and Jim Peterik put the band on indefinite hiatus, while lead vocalist Jimi Jamison would continue to tour under the Survivor name (thus resulting in a lengthy court battle regarding rights to the name). <P3-S3>  Drummer Marc Droubay and bassist Stephen Ellis were replaced by studio musicians on the album. <P3-S4>  The lineup of Sullivan and Jamison would not reunite until 2000.
Question: Have both Thorold Dickinson and John Korty won an Academy award for Best Documentary Feature?

<P0-S0> Breaking the Habit is a 1964 American short documentary film directed by John Korty about cigarette smoking and lung cancer. <P0-S1>  It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short. <SEP> <P1-S0>  In recent years Dickinson's work has received much praise, with fellow director Martin Scorsese describing him as "a uniquely intelligent, passionate artist... They're not in endless supply." <P1-S1> Thorold Barron Dickinson (16 November 1903 – 14 April 1984) was a British film director, screenwriter, producer, and Britain's first university professor of film. <SEP> <P2-S0> Deborah Hoffmann is an American documentary director and editor. <P2-S1>  She edited and along with Frances Reid co-directed "Long Night's Journey into Day" (2000), which won the 2000 Sundance Film Festival Grand Jury award for best documentary and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. <P2-S2>  She also directed the Academy Award-nominated short film, "Complaints of a Dutiful Daughter" (1995) and was the editor of "The Times of Harvey Milk", which won the 1984 Oscar for best documentary. <SEP> <P3-S0> John Korty (born June 22, 1936) is an American film director and animator, best known for the television film "The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman" and the documentary "Who Are the DeBolts? <P3-S1>  And Where Did They Get Nineteen Kids? <P3-S2> ", as well as the theatrical animated feature "Twice Upon a Time". <P3-S3>  and several other major awards. <P3-S4>  He is described by the film critic Leonard Maltin as "a principled filmmaker who has worked both outside and within the mainstream, attempting to find projects that support his humanistic beliefs". <P3-S5>  He has won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature (for "Who Are the DeBolts?")
Question: At the end of which season the daughters of Airitech would come out of the Cave of Cruachan every year?

<P0-S0> The Israeli Declaration of Independence, formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel, was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and the chairman of the Jewish Agency for Palestine. <P0-S1>  It declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz-Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, which would come into effect on termination of the British Mandate at midnight that day. <P0-S2>  The event is celebrated annually in Israel with a national holiday Independence Day on 5 Iyar of every year according to the Hebrew calendar. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Hundred-Year Winter is a time period in the fictional Narnia universe created by C.S. Lewis. <P1-S1>  It takes place from 900–1000 Narnia time. <P1-S2>  The White Witch Jadis cast a spell to make it Winter all year round, but never reaches Christmas. <P1-S3>  But throughout the story, Aslan is entering Narnia and his presence weakens The White Witch, Jadis, causing Spring and Father Christmas to slowly appear. <P1-S4>  Aslan also brings Peter, Lucy, Susan, and Edmund to Narnia to fulfill the Prophecy of The Four Thrones ("When two daughters of Eve and two sons of Adam sit together in throne at the Cair Paravel, the reign of the White Witch will be over and done.) <P1-S5>  This would put an end to White Witch's plan and her reign and the endless winter would come to an end. <P1-S6>  (The final days of the Hundred Year Winter occur during "The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe".) <SEP> <P2-S0> In Irish mythology, Cas Corach was a hero who helped Caílte mac Rónáin kill three werewolf-like creatures, the daughters of Airitech who would come out of the Cave of Cruachan every year around Samhain and destroy sheep. <P2-S1>  The she-wolves liked music, so he aided in their slaying by playing a harp to attract and distract them and by persuading them to change to human form, while Caoilte cast a spear that penetrated all three, thereby killing them. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Traditionally, it is celebrated from 31 October to 1 November, as the Celtic day began and ended at sunset. <P3-S1> Samhain (pronounced or , ] ) is a Gaelic festival marking the end of the harvest season and the beginning of winter or the "darker half" of the year. <P3-S2>  This is about halfway between the autumn equinox and the winter solstice. <P3-S3>  It is one of the four Gaelic seasonal festivals, along with Imbolc, Bealtaine and Lughnasadh. <P3-S4>  Historically, it was widely observed throughout Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man. <P3-S5>  Similar festivals are held at the same time of year in other Celtic lands; for example the Brythonic Calan Gaeaf (in Wales), Kalan Gwav (in Cornwall), and Kalan Goañv (in Brittany).
Question: David Donato and Dee Dee Ramone, have which mutual occupation?

<P0-S0> Dum Dum Girls are an American rock band, formed in 2008. <P0-S1>  It began as the bedroom recording project of singer and songwriter Dee Dee (née Kristin Gundred). <P0-S2>  She is currently based in New York City. <P0-S3>  The name is a double homage to the Vaselines' album "Dum Dum" and the Iggy Pop song "Dum Dum Boys". <P0-S4>  Critics initially assumed that Dee Dee's stage name was inspired by Dee Dee Ramone, but she stated that this was not true; it was her mother's name, which she took as her middle name after her mother's death. <P0-S5>  The last name "Penny" was erroneously provided by British music magazine "NME". <SEP> <P1-S0> Dee Dee Ramone and the Chinese Dragons was a band fronted by former Ramones bassist Dee Dee Ramone. <P1-S1>  It was formed in March 1992, and was the second post-Ramones band for Dee Dee, following Dee Dee Ramone and the Spikey Tops. <P1-S2>  The band was made up of Ramone on guitar and vocals, former Liars, Cheats and Thieves members Richie Screech (aka Richie Karaczynski) and Alan Valentine on guitar and bass respectively, and Scott Goldstein on drums. <P1-S3>  In the band's short time together, they only released one 7" single which featured an original song on the a-side and a cover of the New York Dolls' "Chatterbox" on the b-side. <P1-S4>  Ramone's next project after this was Dee Dee Ramone I.C.L.C. <SEP> <P2-S0> Douglas Glenn Colvin (September 18, 1951 – June 5, 2002), known professionally as Dee Dee Ramone, was a German-American musician, singer and songwriter best known as founding member, songwriter, bassist and occasional lead vocalist for the punk rock band the Ramones. <SEP> <P3-S0> David Tom Donato is an American singer known for his involvement in Black Sabbath. <P3-S1>  He recorded several demos with the band and rehearsed throughout 1984 and 1985. <P3-S2>  Contrary to reports, Donato was not fired after an interview with "Kerrang! <P3-S3> " magazine as many have falsely reported. <P3-S4>  The band fell apart soon thereafter, with Tony Iommi forming an entirely new Black Sabbath the following year.
Question: Are both Call Me Lucky and Marjoe american films ?

<P0-S0>  It won the 1972 Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature. <P0-S1> Marjoe is a 1972 American documentary film produced and directed by Howard Smith and Sarah Kernochan about the life of evangelist Marjoe Gortner. <SEP> <P1-S0> Call Me Lucky is a 2015 American documentary directed by Bobcat Goldthwait. <P1-S1>  about the life of satirist, author, and performer Barry Crimmins. <P1-S2>  The film premiered at the 2015 Sundance Film Festival and went on to win awards at 11 other film Festivals in the United States. <P1-S3>  It was released theatrically in August 2015. <SEP> <P2-S0> A list of American films of 1917 is a compilation of American films released in 1917. <SEP> <P3-S0> The National Film Preservation Foundation (NFPF) is an independent, nonprofit organization created by the U.S. Congress to help save America’s film heritage. <P3-S1>  Growing from a national planning effort led by the Library of Congress, the NFPF began operations in 1997. <P3-S2>  It supports activities nationwide that preserve American films and improve film access for study, education, and exhibition. <P3-S3>  The NFPF's top priority is saving orphan films, so called because are not protected by commercial interests and are unlikely to survive without public support. <P3-S4>  Through its grant programs, the NFPF has helped archives, historical societies, libraries, museums, and universities from all 50 states preserve American films and make them available to the public.
Question: Which company owned by British Film producer Kevin Loader and his partner Roger Michell produced the 2017 film My Cousin Rachel?

<P0-S0> My Night with Reg is a play by British playwright Kevin Elyot which was produced in 1994 by the Royal Court Theatre, London, directed by Roger Michell. <P0-S1>  The production later transferred to the West End. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It stars Rachel Weisz, Sam Claflin, Iain Glen, Holliday Grainger and Pierfrancesco Favino. <P1-S1>  It was shot in England and Italy in spring 2016, and is about a young man in Cornwall who meets the wife of his older cousin, suspecting her of having been responsible for his death. <P1-S2> My Cousin Rachel is a 2017 romantic drama film, written and directed by Roger Michell, based upon the 1951 novel of the same name by Daphne du Maurier. <SEP> <P2-S0> My Night with Reg is a 1996 British film adapted from the Kevin Elyot play of the same title, and directed by Roger Michell. <SEP> <P3-S0> Kevin Loader is a British film and television producer. <P3-S1>  Since 1996, he and co-owner Roger Michell have run a London-based production company, Free Range Films, through which the pair have made several feature films directed by Michell, including "The Mother", "Enduring Love", "Venus", "Hyde Park on Hudson", and "Le Week-end". <P3-S2>  Their most recent film is an adaptation by Michell of Daphne Du Maurier's "My Cousin Rachel". <P3-S3>  The company is also developing and producing film and television projects with other directors. <P3-S4>  Loader was awarded the Bafta for Best Television Serial in 2015 for "The Lost Honour of Christopher Jefferies".
Question: Were Ruggero Deodato and Barry Sonnenfeld of the same nationality?

<P0-S0>  He worked as cinematographer for the Coen brothers, then later he directed films such as "The Addams Family" and its sequel, "Addams Family Values" along with the "Men in Black" trilogy, and the critically acclaimed "Get Shorty". <P0-S1> Barry Sonnenfeld (born April 1, 1953) is an American filmmaker and television director. <P0-S2>  Sonnenfeld has also had four collaborations with Will Smith. <SEP> <P1-S0> Concorde Affaire '79 (1979) (Italian: "Affare Concorde" ), also known as The Concorde Affair, is an Italian action thriller directed by Ruggero Deodato and written by Ernesto Gastaldi and Renzo Genta. <P1-S1>  Released in the same year as "The Concorde ... Airport '79" and featuring actor Joseph Cotten, who appeared in "Airport '77", the film was an attempt by producers to take advantage of the success of the "Airport" film franchise of the 1970s. <SEP> <P2-S0> The cannibal boom is a period in the history of exploitation film, lasting roughly from 1977 to 1981, where cannibal films were at the peak of their popularity in Grindhouse theaters and cinema. <P2-S1>  Though Umberto Lenzi started the cannibal genre with his film "Man from Deep River" in 1972, it was not until Ruggero Deodato released his film "Last Cannibal World" in 1977 that the concept of cannibal films began to catch on. <P2-S2>  Although five cannibal films were made in 1977 and 1978, none were released in 1979 (though Deodato's "Cannibal Holocaust" was in the works). <P2-S3>  In February 1980, Deodato released "Cannibal Holocaust", which was the start of a chain of seven similar films to be made and released in the same year. <P2-S4>  The following year, however, in 1981, only two cannibal films were made (one of them was "Cannibal Ferox", second in notoriety only to "Cannibal Holocaust"). <P2-S5>  Only four other cannibal films were made after 1981 until the fad's conclusion in 1988 with Antonio Climati's "Natura Contro". <SEP> <P3-S0> Ruggero Deodato (born 7 May 1939) is an Italian film director, screenwriter, and actor.
Question: Are Veratrum and Leontopodium genuses of plants that are found in the same family?

<P0-S0> Aceria clianthi is a species of mite belonging to the family Eriophyidae. <P0-S1>  It is found only in New Zealand. <P0-S2>  It is notable for being host specific to threatened plants of the genus "Clianthus". <P0-S3>  It is classified by Buckley "et al." as "nationally critical" under the New Zealand Threat Classification System. <P0-S4>  They stated ""Aceria clianthi" (Eriophyidae), has been recorded only from kakabeak ("Clianthus" spp.) <P0-S5>  in cultivation and once on "Lotus cornalatus" ["Lotus corniculatus"] (Fabaceae), an introduced plant growing near kakabeak (Martin 2009). <P0-S6>  It is given the same threat classification as kakabeak (de Lange et al. 2009)." <P0-S7>  Heenan had earlier stated that "the two species [of "Clianthus"] are considered to be threatened, with "C. maximus" having a rank of vulnerable, whereas "C. puniceus" is critically endangered", but the conservation status of "C. maximus" was subsequently found to be more serious. <P0-S8>  These threat classifications for "Clianthus" apply to plants in the wild, but the species are widely cultivated. <P0-S9>  "Aceria clianthi" occurs on both plants in the wild and in cultivation. <SEP> <P1-S0>  The genus is native to Europe and Asia. <P1-S1> Leontopodium is a genus of plants in the Asteraceae family (which also includes daisies and sunflowers). <P1-S2>  The fuzzy and somewhat stocky "petals" (technically, bracts) could be thought of as somewhat resembling lions' paws —hence the genus name combining "léōn" (lion) and "pódion" (foot). <SEP> <P2-S0> Veratrum is a genus of flowering plants in the family Melanthiaceae. <P2-S1>  It occurs in damp habitats across much of temperate and subarctic Europe, Asia, and North America. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Rhizobiaceae is a family of proteobacteria comprising multiple subgroups that enhance and hinder plant development. <P3-S1>  Some bacteria's found in the family are used for plant nutrition and collectively make up the rhizobia. <P3-S2>  Consequently, other bacteria's such as "Agrobacterium tumefaciens" and "A. rhizogenes" severely alter the development of plants in their ability to induce crown galls or hairy roots found on the stem. <P3-S3>  The family has been of an interest to scientists for centuries in their ability to associate with plants and modify plant development. <P3-S4>  The Rhizobiaceae are, like all Proteobacteria, Gram-negative. <P3-S5>  They are aerobic, and the cells are usually rod-shaped. <P3-S6>  Many species of the Rhizobiaceae are diazotrophs which are able to fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots.
Question: What is the date of birth for the author of the poem The Story of Sigurd the Volsung?

<P0-S0> "Fight for Right" is a song written by the English composer Edward Elgar, with words taken from "The Story of Sigurd the Volsung" by William Morris. <SEP> <P1-S0> "El Golem" is a poem by Jorge Luis Borges, part of the 1964 book "El otro, el mismo" ("The other, the self"). <P1-S1>  The poem tells the story of Judah Loew (Judá León) and his giving birth to the Golem. <P1-S2>  In that poem, Borges quotes the works of German Jewish philosopher Gershom Scholem. <SEP> <P2-S0> William Morris (24 March 1834 – 3 October 1896) was an English textile designer, poet, novelist, translator, and socialist activist. <P2-S1>  Associated with the British Arts and Crafts Movement, he was a major contributor to the revival of traditional British textile arts and methods of production. <P2-S2>  His literary contributions helped to establish the modern fantasy genre, while he played a significant role in propagating the early socialist movement in Britain. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs
Question: Children in Need 2013 was the first broadcast from the production facility on what road in Hertfordshire?

<P0-S0> Children in Need Rocks 2013 was a two-part charity music concert held at the Hammersmith Apollo in London, England, on 12 and 13 November 2013. <P0-S1>  The concert was organised by Take That singer-songwriter and "The X Factor" judge Gary Barlow as one of a series of events to raise money for Children in Need 2013. <P0-S2>  It is the third "Children in Need Rocks" concert organised by Barlow, after "Children in Need Rocks the Royal Albert Hall" in 2009 and "Children in Need Rocks Manchester" in 2011. <SEP> <P1-S0>  The 2013 appeal marked the first Children in Need broadcast from BBC Elstree Centre after the closing down of the show's previous home Television Centre. <P1-S1> Children in Need 2013 is a campaign held in the United Kingdom to raise money for the charity Children in Need. <P1-S2>  2013 marks the 33rd anniversary of the appeal which culminated in a live broadcast on BBC One and BBC Two on the evening of Friday 15 November until the early hours of Saturday 16 November. <P1-S3>  The broadcast was hosted by Sir Terry Wogan, with Tess Daly, Fearne Cotton, Zoë Ball and Nick Grimshaw as co-hosts. <P1-S4>  The show was broadcast from the BBC in Elstree but also includes regular regional opt-outs. <P1-S5>  Its new studio, adjacent to the set of "EastEnders" enabled the show to include live segments and performances from the fictional Albert Square including star interviews in The Queen Victoria Pub hosted by cast member Shane Richie. <SEP> <P2-S0> BBC Elstree Centre, sometimes referred to as BBC Elstree Studios, is a television production facility located on Clarendon Road in Borehamwood, Hertfordshire. <SEP> <P3-S0> Elstree Studios on Shenley Road, Borehamwood, Hertfordshire is a British film and television production facility operated by Elstree Film Studios Limited. <P3-S1>  One of several facilities historically referred to as Elstree Studios, the Shenley Road studio site opened in 1925.