winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: For which college football team did both Baker Mayfield and Trevor Knight play starting quarterback?

<P0-S0> Robert Patrick ("Tate") Forcier (born August 7, 1990) is a former American football quarterback. <P0-S1>  He was a starting quarterback for the 2009 Michigan Wolverines football team ahead of Denard Robinson, and Robinson's back up for the 2010 Michigan Wolverines football team before he lost the starting job and left the program in January 2011 when head coach Rich Rodriguez was replaced by Brady Hoke. <P0-S2>  He missed the January 1, 2011 Gator Bowl after being ruled academically ineligible and was no longer enrolled at the university when the new term began following the semester break. <P0-S3>  On February 9, 2011, Forcier announced his transfer to the University of Miami. <P0-S4>  He originally intended to redshirt the 2011 season and play for the Miami Hurricanes football team in the 2012 and 2013 season but instead transferred to San Jose State University to play for the Spartans football team. <P0-S5>  He soon withdrew from the San Jose State football program. <P0-S6>  He then attended training camp with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League. <SEP> <P1-S0> Howard Frederick Yerges, Jr. (April 5, 1925 - December 1, 2000) was an American football player who played quarterback for the Ohio State Buckeyes football team in 1943 and the University of Michigan Wolverines football teams from 1944 to 1947. <P1-S1>  He was the starting quarterback of the 1947 Michigan Wolverines football team that went undefeated, beat USC 49-0 in the Rose Bowl and is considered by some to be the greatest Michigan football team of all time. <P1-S2>  As of 2009, Yerges was one of three players (along with Justin Boren and J. T. White) to play on both sides of the Michigan – Ohio State football rivalry. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Mayfield began his college football career as a walk-on player for the Texas Tech Red Raiders. <P2-S1> Baker Reagan Mayfield (born April 14, 1995) is a college American football quarterback for the Oklahoma Sooners. <P2-S2>  He is notable for being the first walk-on true freshman quarterback to start a season opener at a BCS school. <P2-S3>  Mayfield transferred from Texas Tech to Oklahoma following alleged scholarship issues and a lack of communication with coaches. <P2-S4>  After sitting out the 2014 season due to NCAA transfer rules, Mayfield won the starting quarterback job in 2015 over Cody Thomas and incumbent starter Trevor Knight. <SEP> <P3-S0> Trevor Knight (born October 3, 1993) is an American football quarterback for the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). <P3-S1>  He played college football for the Oklahoma Sooners and Texas A&M Aggies. <P3-S2>  After leading Oklahoma to an 8–5 record in the 2014 season, he lost the starting job in an open quarterback competition to Texas Tech transfer Baker Mayfield prior to the 2015 season. <P3-S3>  On January 4, 2016, it was announced that Knight would transfer to Texas A&M University.
Question: Which American screen writer wrote the 2013 film including Hugh Jackman, Jake Gyllenhaal, Viola Davis, Maria Bello, Terrence Howard, Melissa Leo and Paul Dano.

<P0-S0>  He is best known for writing the 2013 film "Prisoners" and creating the 2014 television series "The Red Road". <P0-S1> Aaron Guzikowski is an American screenwriter. <SEP> <P1-S0> Wildlife is an upcoming American drama directed by Paul Dano and co-written by Dano and Zoe Kazan. <P1-S1>  It is based on the 1990 novel "Wildlife" by Richard Ford. <P1-S2>  The film will star Jake Gyllenhaal, Carey Mulligan, Ed Oxenbould, and Zoe Margaret Colletti, and will mark Dano's debut as a director. <SEP> <P2-S0> Prisoners is a 2013 American thriller film directed by Denis Villeneuve from a screenplay written by Aaron Guzikowski. <P2-S1>  The film has an ensemble cast including Hugh Jackman, Jake Gyllenhaal, Viola Davis, Maria Bello, Terrence Howard, Melissa Leo and Paul Dano. <P2-S2>  It is Villeneuve's first English-language feature film. <SEP> <P3-S0> Movie 43 is a 2013 American anthology comedy film co-directed and produced by Peter Farrelly, and written by Rocky Russo and Jeremy Sosenko among others. <P3-S1>  The film features fourteen different storylines, each one by a different director, including Elizabeth Banks, Steven Brill, Steve Carr, Rusty Cundieff, James Duffy, Griffin Dunne, Patrik Forsberg, James Gunn, Bob Odenkirk, Brett Ratner, Will Graham, and Jonathan van Tulleken. <P3-S2>  It stars an ensemble cast that is led by Elizabeth Banks, Kristen Bell, Halle Berry, Gerard Butler, Leslie Bibb, Kate Bosworth, Josh Duhamel, Anna Faris, Richard Gere, Terrence Howard, Hugh Jackman, Johnny Knoxville, Justin Long, Christopher Mintz-Plasse, Chloë Grace Moretz, Liev Schreiber, Seann William Scott, Emma Stone, Jason Sudeikis, Uma Thurman, Naomi Watts and Kate Winslet. <P3-S3>  Julianne Moore, Tony Shalhoub and Anton Yelchin are also featured in cut scenes released on DVD and Blu-ray.
Question: What track by an American progressive bluegrass group from Colorado showed the influence of Deliverance?

<P0-S0>  Composed of Dave Johnston, Ben Kaufmann, Adam Aijala, Allie Kral, and Jacob Joliff, the band has released five studio albums and several live recordings to date. <P0-S1> The Yonder Mountain String Band (abbreviated "YMSB" and referred to by some as just "Yonder") is an American progressive bluegrass group from Nederland, Colorado. <SEP> <P1-S0> Deliverance is the second album by American rapper Bubba Sparxxx. <P1-S1>  It was released on September 16, 2003, by Beat Club and Interscope Records. <P1-S2>  It was produced by Timbaland and Organized Noize. <P1-S3>  The album debuted at number 10 on the "Billboard" 200 with 64,500 copies sold in the first week released. <P1-S4>  Although this album was only moderately successful, selling around 350,000 copies, it is regarded by many critics such as "The Source", "Hip Hop Connection" and more mainstream magazines such as "Q" to be something of a landmark in hip-hop music. <P1-S5>  The album's main strength according to critics was that it embraced Sparxxx's grass roots, with production heavily influenced by country music and similar musical styles. <P1-S6>  This influence is evident on tracks such as "Comin' Round" which sampled its chorus from a track by the bluegrass group Yonder Mountain String Band, leadout single "Jimmy Mathis" which is led by a catchy harmonica tune from the Area Code 615 track "Stone Fox Chase", and "She Tried" led by a washboard rhythm section and a mellow fiddle sound. <SEP> <P2-S0> Sara Ullrika Watkins (born June 8, 1981) is an American singer-songwriter and fiddler. Watkins debuted in 1989 as fiddler and founding member of the progressive bluegrass group Nickel Creek along with her brother Sean and mandolinist Chris Thile. <P2-S1>  In addition to singing and fiddling, Watkins also plays the ukulele and the guitar, and also played percussion while touring with The Decemberists. <SEP> <P3-S0> Northern Lights was an American Progressive bluegrass band formed in 1975 in New England, which musical career spanned more than three decades. <P3-S1>  Known for a progressive style of bluegrass playing, the band went through a number of line-up changes through the years and included such personalities as Alison Brown or multiinstrumentalist Jake Armerding, son of founding member Taylor Armerding, who started playing with the band full-time at age of 14, but played occasionally when he was 12. <P3-S2>  As of 2009, there is no founding member left in the group. <P3-S3>  Guitarist Bill Henry, who joined the band in 1982 assumed the leadership role and Northern Lights continue to play without interruption as a quintet, consisting of two generation of musicians - Bill Henry, John Daniel and Alex MacLeod as well as young players Eric Robertson and Mike Barnett.
Question: Good Scouts featured the voice of which actor, who also provided the voice of Daisy Duck?

<P0-S0> Mickey Mouse is an American animated children's comedy television series produced by Disney Television Animation. <P0-S1>  It features classic cartoon characters Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Donald Duck, Daisy Duck, Goofy and Pluto in contemporary settings such as Paris, Venice, Tokyo and New York. <P0-S2>  The series has the slapstick feel of classic "Mickey Mouse" shorts, while providing a modern update with the extensive use of Toon Boom and Flash animation, and "presents Mickey in a broad range of humorous situations that showcase his pluck and rascality, along with his long-beloved charm and good heartedness". <P0-S3>  The animation is being provided by the Canadian studio, Mercury Filmworks. <SEP> <P1-S0> Donald's Crime is a 1945 animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. <P1-S1>  The cartoon, which parodies film noir crime dramas of the time, follows Donald Duck as he struggles with guilt after stealing $1.25 from his nephews. <P1-S2>  The film was directed by Jack King and features original music by Edward H. Plumb. <P1-S3>  The voice cast includes Clarence Nash as Donald, Huey, Dewey, and Louie, Gloria Blondell as Daisy Duck, and Sterling Holloway as the off-stage voice of Donald's conscience. <P1-S4>  This was Blondell's first performance as Daisy and marks the debut of the character's "normal" voice. <P1-S5>  Previously in "Mr. Duck Steps Out", Daisy had been voiced by Nash using a voice similar to Donald's. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was directed by Jack King and features Clarence Nash as Donald and the three nephews. <P2-S1> Good Scouts is a 1938 American animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Radio Pictures. <P2-S2>  The cartoon follows Donald Duck leading his nephews Huey, Dewey, and Louie on a scouting trip through the wilderness. <SEP> <P3-S0> Clarence Charles "Ducky" Nash (December 7, 1904 – February 20, 1985) was an American voice actor. <P3-S1>  He is best known for the Disney cartoon character Donald Duck, whose distinctive voice he provided for 50 years, also known as the voice of Daisy Duck in 1940. <P3-S2>  He was born in the rural community of Watonga, Oklahoma, and a street in that town is named in his honor. <P3-S3>  In 1993, he was posthumously made a Disney Legend for his contributions to Walt Disney films.
Question: Which spanish national park extends into more communities:  The Picos de Europa National Park or Garajonay National Park

<P0-S0> The Naranjo de Bulnes (known as Picu Urriellu in Asturian) is a limestone peak dating from the paleozoic era, located in the Macizo Central region of the Picos de Europa, Asturias (Spain). <P0-S1>  Its name "Picu Urriellu" is believed to be derived from the term "Los Urrieles" which is used to describe the Macizo Central. <P0-S2>  Naranjo de Bulnes is part of the Cabrales region of Asturias, and lies within the Picos de Europa National Park. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Picos de Europa National Park (Spanish: "Parque Nacional de Picos de Europa" ) is a National Park in the Picos de Europa mountain range, in northern Spain. <P1-S1>  It is within the boundaries of three autonomous communities, Asturias, Cantabria and Castile and León, which are represented on the body which runs the park. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was declared a national park in 1981 and a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1986. <P2-S1>  It occupies 40 km (15 sq mi) and it extends into each of the six municipalities on the island. <P2-S2> Garajonay National Park (Spanish: "Parque nacional de Garajonay" , ] ) is located in the center and north of the island of La Gomera, one of the Canary Islands (Spain). <SEP> <P3-S0> The Lakes of Covadonga (el. <P3-S1>  1134 m.) are composed of two glacial lakes located on the region of Asturias, Spain. <P3-S2>  These lakes, often also called Lakes of Enol or simply Los Lagos, are Lake Enol and Lake Ercina located in the Picos de Europa range and they are the original center of the Picos de Europa National Park, created in 1918.
Question: In the South Park episode "You're Getting Old" which follows "Ass Burgers", Stan celebrates which birthday?

<P0-S0> The fifteenth season of the American animated sitcom "South Park" began airing on Comedy Central on April 27, 2011 and ended on November 16, 2011. <P0-S1>  In response to reactions to the mid-season finale episode "You're Getting Old", which seemed to insinuate that creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone were wrapping up the series, Comedy Central proclaimed through the media that "South Park" was renewed for two more seasons, and the duo were signed through 2013. <P0-S2>  Shortly before the airing of the season finale episode "The Poor Kid", "South Park" was extended again until 2016, taking the show to 20 seasons. <P0-S3>  Parker was the director and writer for all episodes, and Robert Lopez was the writer in this eleventh episode for the fifteenth season. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on June 8, 2011. <P1-S1>  In the episode, Stan begins to develop a profound sense of cynicism after celebrating his tenth birthday, where he is literally seeing everything as "crap". <P1-S2>  Meanwhile, Randy latches onto a new music genre, "tween wave," in an attempt to fit in, which causes problems in his marriage with Sharon. <P1-S3> "You're Getting Old" is the seventh episode and the mid-season finale of the fifteenth season of the American animated television series "South Park", and the 216th episode of the series overall. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It first aired in the U.S. on October 5, 2011, on Comedy Central. <P2-S1>  The episode picks up where the previous episode, "You're Getting Old", left off. <P2-S2> "Ass Burgers" is the eighth episode of "South Park"' s fifteenth season and the 217th episode of the series overall. <P2-S3>  Stan's cynicism is mistakenly blamed on his recent vaccinations and diagnosed as Asperger syndrome, a criticism of anti-vaccination proponents. <P2-S4>  Cartman mishears the condition as "ass burgers" and opens a food stand in which the secret ingredient involves stuffing his underwear with hamburgers. <P2-S5>  The episode is rated TV-MA-L in the United States. <SEP> <P3-S0> "A Song of Ass and Fire" is the eighth episode in the seventeenth season of the American animated television series "South Park". <P3-S1>  The 245th episode of the series overall, it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 20, 2013. <P3-S2>  The episode serves as a continuation of the previous episode, "Black Friday", in which the children of South Park, role-playing as characters from "Game of Thrones", are split into two factions over whether to collectively purchase bargain-priced Xbox One or PlayStation 4 video game consoles at an upcoming Black Friday sale at the local mall, where Randy Marsh has been made the Captain of mall security. <P3-S3>  The story arc concludes with the following episode, "Titties and Dragons".
Question: Who has more musicals to be known for, Gordon Gano or James Dewar?

<P0-S0> A cryogenic storage dewar (named after James Dewar) is a specialised type of vacuum flask used for storing cryogens (such as liquid nitrogen or liquid helium), whose boiling points are much lower than room temperature. <P0-S1>  Cryogenic storage dewars may take several different forms including open buckets, flasks with loose-fitting stoppers and self-pressurising tanks. <P0-S2>  All dewars have walls constructed from two or more layers, with a high vacuum maintained between the layers. <P0-S3>  This provides very good thermal insulation between the interior and exterior of the dewar, which reduces the rate at which the contents boil away. <P0-S4>  Precautions are taken in the design of dewars to safely manage the gas which is released as the liquid slowly boils. <P0-S5>  The simplest dewars allow the gas to escape either through an open top or past a loose-fitting stopper to prevent the risk of explosion. <P0-S6>  More sophisticated dewars trap the gas above the liquid, and hold it at high pressure. <P0-S7>  This increases the boiling point of the liquid, allowing it to be stored for extended periods. <P0-S8>  Excessive vapour pressure is released automatically through safety valves. <P0-S9>  The method of decanting liquid from a dewar depends upon its design. <P0-S10>  Simple dewars may be tilted, to pour liquid from the neck. <P0-S11>  Self-pressurising designs use the gas pressure in the top of the dewar to force the liquid upward through a pipe leading to the neck. <SEP> <P1-S0> James Dewar (12 October 1942 – 16 May 2002) was a Scottish musician best known as the bassist and vocalist for Robin Trower and Stone the Crows, the latter having its beginnings as the resident band at Burns Howff in Glasgow. <SEP> <P2-S0> Frank Ferrer (born March 25, 1966) is an American rock drummer. <P2-S1>  Ferrer is best known as the drummer for American rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he has played, toured, and recorded since 2006. <P2-S2>  Ferrer was also a member of The Psychedelic Furs, Love Spit Love as well as The Beautiful. <P2-S3>  He has recorded and worked with several high profile musicians including Robi "Draco" Rosa, Tool, Gordon Gano, PJ Harvey, Tommy Stinson, Nena, Frank Black of The Pixies , Neil Young, Perry Farrell and Cheetah Chrome of The Dead Boys. <SEP> <P3-S0> Gordon James Gano (born June 7, 1963) is an American musician. <P3-S1>  He is best known for being the singer, guitarist and songwriter of American alternative rock band Violent Femmes.
Question: The longest and largest glacier in France is smaller than what glacier in the Alps?

<P0-S0> The Aletsch Glacier (German: "Aletschgletscher" ) or Great Aletsch Glacier ("Grosser Aletschgletscher ") is the largest glacier in the Alps. <P0-S1>  It has a length of about 23 km (2014), has about a volume of 15.4 km3 (2011), and covers about 81.7 km2 (2011) in the eastern Bernese Alps in the Swiss canton of Valais. <P0-S2>  The Aletsch Glacier is composed of four smaller glaciers converging at Concordia Place, where its thickness was measured by the ETH to be still near 1 km . <P0-S3>  It then continues towards the Rhône valley before giving birth to the Massa. <P0-S4>  The Aletsch Glacier is – like most glaciers on this world – a retreating glacier. <P0-S5>  As of 2016, since 1980 it lost 1.3 km of its length, since 1870 3.2 km , and lost also more than 300 m of its thickness. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bara Shigri is the largest glacier located in the state of Himachal Pradesh, India, Bara-Sigri glacier which is the second longest glacier in Himalaya after Gangotri, both are around 30 km long. <P1-S1>  The glacier is located in the Chandra Valley of Lahaul. <P1-S2>  The glacier feeds the Chenab River. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Mer de Glace is a valley glacier located on the northern slopes of the Mont Blanc massif, in the French Alps. <P2-S1>  It is 7.5 km long and 200 m deep but, when all its tributary glaciers are taken into account, it can be regarded as the longest and largest glacier in France, and the second longest in the Alps after the Aletsch Glacier. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Theodul Glacier (also spelled "Theodule Glacier"; German: "Theodulgletscher" ) is a glacier of the Alps, located south of Zermatt in the canton of Valais. <P3-S1>  It lies on the Swiss side of the Pennine Alps, although its upper basin touches the Italian region of the Aosta Valley. <P3-S2>  The glacier descends from the west side of the Breithorn (4164 m ) and splits into two diverging branches above Gandegg: the Upper Theodul Glacier ("Oberer Theodulgletscher"), spilling on a high plateau near Trockener Steg, together with the Furgg Glacier, and the Lower Theodul Glacier ("Unterer Theodulgletscher"), reaching a height of about 2500 m above the Gorner Glacier. <P3-S3>  Both branches are part of the Rhone basin, through the rivers Gornera, Mattervispa, and Vispa. <P3-S4>  Slightly above the glacier splitting is the Theodul Pass, crossing the border between Switzerland and Italy, and connecting Zermatt to Breuil-Cervinia. <P3-S5>  On the west, the Theodul Glacier is overlooked by the Matterhorn.
Question: What is the scientific name of the fungus studied byby Ann Gravatt?

<P0-S0> Mount Gravatt is the name of both a major suburb of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia and a prominent hill in this suburb. <P0-S1>  The suburb is situated in the south-east of the city and was one of Brisbane's largest. <P0-S2>  This was before it was divided into Mount Gravatt East, Upper Mount Gravatt and Mount Gravatt South; the last being changed to Wishart in the early 1990s. <P0-S3>  At the 2011 Australian Census the suburb recorded a population of 3,238. <SEP> <P1-S0> The pathogenic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (formerly "Endothia parasitica") is a member of the Ascomycota (sac fungi) taxon, and is the main cause of chestnut blight—a devastating disease of the American chestnut tree that in the early 1900s caused a rapid, widespread die-off of this once plentiful tree from its historic range in the eastern United States. <SEP> <P2-S0> Acrophialophora fusispora is a poorly studied ascomycete fungus found in soil, air and various plants. <P2-S1>  "A. fusispora" is morphologically similar to the genera "Paecilomyces" and "Masonia", but differ in the presence of pigmented conidiophores, verticillate phialides, and frequent sympodial proliferation. <P2-S2>  Moreover, "A. fusispora" is distinguished by its pigmented spindle-shaped conidia, covered with spiral bands. <P2-S3>  The fungus is naturally found in soils of tropical to temperate regions. <P2-S4>  The fungus has been identified as a plant and animal pathogen, and has recently been recognized as an emerging opportunistic human pathogen. <P2-S5>  "A. fusispora" infection in human is rare and has few documented clinical cases, but due to the rarity of the fungus and potential misidentification, the infections may be underdiagnosed. <P2-S6>  Clinical cases of "A. fusispora" include cases of keratitis, pulmonary colonization and infection, and cerebral infections. <P2-S7>  The fungus also has two documented cases of infection in dogs. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Her areas of research included plant physiology and white pine blister rust. <P3-S1>  She also studied Chestnut blight, the fungus that devastated American chestnut trees in the early 20th century. <P3-S2>  Along with her husband, George Gravatt, she founded the community of Scientists' Cliffs, Maryland. <P3-S3> Annie Gravatt (Annie Evelyn Rathbun) was an American forest pathologist.
Question: What state park is one of New Hampshire's largest state parks and was home of murders of unidentified femaile victims that were partially or completely skeletonized?

<P0-S0> An Arizona state park is an area of land in the U.S. state of Arizona preserved by the state for its natural, cultural, or recreational resources. <P0-S1>  The state park system in Arizona includes both state parks and state historic parks, as well as other designations such as natural areas and recreation areas. <P0-S2>  Arizona currently has 30 state park units, which are managed wholly or partly by the Arizona State Parks government agency. <P0-S3>  In 2010 several Arizona state parks were closed due to budget cuts. <P0-S4>  Some have since reopened thanks to support in the form of donations and partnerships with local agencies. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bear Brook State Park is a 10000 acre + preserve located in Allenstown, New Hampshire, and surrounding towns. <P1-S1>  It is one of New Hampshire's largest state parks. <SEP> <P2-S0> Pawtuckaway State Park is a 5000 acre preserve in New Hampshire, United States. <P2-S1>  It is one of the largest state parks in southeastern New Hampshire and is named for Pawtuckaway Lake and the Pawtuckaway Mountains. <P2-S2>  The park extends from the west shore of the lake to the west side of the mountains. <SEP> <P3-S0>  All of the victims were either partially or completely skeletonized; they are believed to have died between 1977 and 1985. <P3-S1> The Bear Brook murders (also referred to as the Allenstown Four) are four unidentified female murder victims discovered in 1985 and 2000 at Bear Brook State Park in Allenstown, New Hampshire.
Question: What is the name of the woman enslaved by Thoams Jefferson who is the suject of the James Ivory film Jefferson in Pairs?

<P0-S0> Sarah "Sally" Hemings ( 1773 – 1835) was an enslaved woman of mixed race owned by President Thomas Jefferson. <P0-S1>  Most historians believe Jefferson was the father of her six children, born after the death of his wife, Martha Jefferson. <P0-S2>  Four survived to adulthood, and were given freedom by Jefferson. <P0-S3>  Hemings was the youngest of six siblings by the widowed planter John Wayles and a mixed-race woman he kept as a slave, Betty Hemings; Sally and her siblings were three-quarters European and half-siblings of Jefferson's wife, Martha Wayles Skelton. <P0-S4>  As an infant Sally came to Monticello as part of Martha's inheritance of her father's slave holdings. <SEP> <P1-S0> Elizabeth "Betty" Hemings ( 1735 – 1807) was an enslaved mixed-race woman in colonial Virginia. <P1-S1>  She had six children with her master, planter John Wayles, over a 12-year period, including Sally Hemings; they were three-quarters white and, following the condition of their mother, all were enslaved from birth and half-siblings to his daughter Martha Jefferson. <P1-S2>  After Wayles died, the Hemings family and some 120 other slaves were inherited, along with 11,000 acres and £4,000 debt as part of his estate by his daughter Martha and her husband Thomas Jefferson. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The screenplay, by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala, is a semi-fictional account of Thomas Jefferson's tenure as the Ambassador of the United States to France before his Presidency and of his alleged relationships with British artist Maria Cosway and his slave, Sally Hemings. <P2-S1> Jefferson in Paris is a 1995 Franco-American historical drama film, directed by James Ivory, and previously entitled "Head and Heart". <SEP> <P3-S0> Merchant Ivory Productions is a film company founded in 1961 by producer Ismail Merchant (d. 2005) and director James Ivory. <P3-S1>  Their films were for the most part produced by Merchant, directed by Ivory, and 23 (of the 44 total films) were scripted by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala (d. 2013) in some capacity, all but two of those with solo credit. <P3-S2>  The films were often based upon novels or short stories, particularly the work of Henry James, E. M. Forster, and two novels by Jhabvala herself.
Question: Which film maker is known for their documentation of violent actions of the Taliban and women's rights in Afghanistan, Erik Van Looy or Mary Ayubi?

<P0-S0> The Loft is a 2014 American-Belgian erotic thriller mystery film directed by Erik Van Looy. <P0-S1>  It is a remake of the 2008 Dutch-language Belgian film "Loft", which was also directed by Van Looy. <P0-S2>  The screenplay was written by Wesley Strick, adapted from the original script by Bart De Pauw. <P0-S3>  Starring Karl Urban, James Marsden and Wentworth Miller, it also features Matthias Schoenaerts who reprises his role from the original film. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Alzheimer Case, also known as "The Alzheimer Affair" or "The Memory of a Killer", Dutch: "De Zaak Alzheimer" , is a 2003 film directed by Erik Van Looy, based on the novel "De Zaak Alzheimer" by Jef Geeraerts. <P1-S1>  An American remake of the film is in development at Focus Features. <P1-S2>  Stephane Sperry is the producer. <P1-S3>  Matthew Michaud adapted the screenplay from the original film. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mary Ayubi is a female film maker and a journalist in Afghanistan, her home country. <P2-S1>  Due to her experience with the Taliban and war actions in Afghanistan, she uses media and film to document the violent actions of the Taliban and women’s rights in Afghanistan as it would pertain to violence. <P2-S2>  Mary now lives in Los Angeles and continues her career as a film maker by continuing research and working on a new documentary. <SEP> <P3-S0> Erik Ludovicus Maria Van Looy (] ) is a Belgian film director known for his thriller movies. <P3-S1>  He was born on 26 April 1962.
Question: What town part of the Heysen electoral district is located  in the Adelaide Hills, south-east of Adelaide?

<P0-S0> Heysen is an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. <P0-S1>  It is named after Sir Hans Heysen, a prominent South Australian landscape artist. <P0-S2>  It is a 1,102 km² electoral district that takes in some of the outer southern suburbs of Adelaide before fanning south-east to include most of the Adelaide Hills, as well as farming areas some distance from the capital. <P0-S3>  It includes the areas of Aldgate, Bridgewater, Echunga, Hahndorf, Macclesfield, Meadows, Stirling and Strathalbyn, as well as part of Mount Barker. <P0-S4>  Although geographically it is a hybrid urban-rural seat, it is counted as a metropolitan seat. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bragg is an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia. <P1-S1>  The seat of Bragg is named after the eminent physicists Bragg – William Henry and his son, William Lawrence. <P1-S2>  The electorate is largely urban and encompasses a significant portion of the City of Burnside, stretching from the east parklands of Adelaide into the Adelaide Hills. <P1-S3>  After a redistribution following the 2006 election, the boundary moved eastwards to include suburbs that had formerly been in the seat of Heysen and now borders Kavel. <P1-S4>  Bragg currently includes the metropolitan suburbs of Beaumont, Burnside, Dulwich, Erindale, Hazelwood Park, Heathpool, Kensington Park, Leabrook, Linden Park, Rose Park, Marryatville, Skye, St Georges, Stonyfell, Toorak Gardens, Tusmore, Wattle Park and parts of Glen Osmond, and in the hills it includes Crafers, Cleland, Greenhill, Mount Osmond, Piccadilly, Summertown and parts of Ashton, Basket Range, Carey Gully, Horsnell Gully, Leawood Gardens and Uraidla. <SEP> <P2-S0> Cleland is a suburb in South Australia located in the Adelaide metropolitan area about 10 km south-east of the Adelaide city centre. <P2-S1>  Its boundaries were created in October 2001, with additional land being added in 2010 from the adjoining suburb of Crafers. <P2-S2>  Its name is derived from the Cleland Conservation Park. <P2-S3>  The principal land use within the locality is conservation with the majority of its land area being occupied by the Cleland Conservation Park. <P2-S4>  Places within its extent include the summit of Mount Lofty. <P2-S5>  Cleland is located within the federal Division of Mayo, the state electoral district of Bragg and the local government area of the Adelaide Hills Council. <SEP> <P3-S0> Bridgewater is a town in the Adelaide Hills, south-east of Adelaide in South Australia.
Question: What is the name of the person who co-wrote the winning Russian entry for the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest with Jim Beanz?

<P0-S0> "Shady Lady" was the Ukrainian entry for the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest. <P0-S1>  It was sung by Ani Lorak, composed by Philipp Kirkorov and written by Karen Kavaleryan. <P0-S2>  However, in Greece, around the time of the Contest, there were many rumors stating that popular composer Dimitris Kontopoulos had actually composed the song. <P0-S3>  Although his name was not credited during the Eurovision Song Contest performances, it was later confirmed that Kontopoulos was indeed a producer of the song. <SEP> <P1-S0> Anri Jokhadze (Georgian: ანრი ჯოხაძე ; born 6 November 1980) is a Georgian pop singer from Tbilisi who represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 with the song "I'm a Joker". <P1-S1>  The singer is a winner and laureate of 13 international contests. <P1-S2>  Prior to his appearance at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, Anri Jokhadze has also represented Georgia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 as a backing vocalist for Diana Gurtskaya and her song "Peace Will Come." <P1-S3>  Besides, he is the composer of the Georgian entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 2017, "Keep the Faith" sung by Tamara Gachechiladze. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The song was composed and written by Jim Beanz (a.k.a. James Washington) & Dima Bilan. <P2-S1>  On 20 May 2008 Bilan sang in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest, and the song was voted into the final by public vote. <P2-S2> "Believe" is the winning Russian entry for the 2008 Eurovision Song Contest sung by Dima Bilan. <P2-S3>  It was performed 24th out of 25 songs in the final on 24 May 2008. <SEP> <P3-S0> James David Washington (born August 26, 1980), better known under his stage name Jim BEANZ, is an American vocal producer, songwriter, musician, singer and record producer from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, now working out of Philadelphia, signed to Timbaland Productions and Sunset Entertainment Group. <P3-S1>  He got his start working under the tutelage of Jazz from the hit R&B group, Dru Hill, when he was an artist in the R&B group "Tresan". <P3-S2>  In 2005, Beanz started working alongside Timbaland as a vocal producer and more recently, as a song producer. <P3-S3>  Jim Beanz also wrote and produced songs on the first season of the mega hit television series on FOX called "Empire", and portrayed the rapper "Titan" on the show. <P3-S4>  He co-wrote the winning entry of the Eurovision Song Contest 2008, "Believe" by Dima Bilan.
Question: What was the Title of the Beatles eight studio album, that featured English Footballer Albert Stubbins on the cover of the album?

<P0-S0> Beatles for Sale is the fourth studio album by the English rock band the Beatles. <P0-S1>  It was released on 4 December 1964 in the United Kingdom on EMI's Parlophone label. <P0-S2>  Eight of the album's fourteen tracks appeared on Capitol Records' concurrent release, "Beatles '65", issued in North America only. <P0-S3>  The album marked a departure from the ebullient tone that had characterised the Beatles' previous work, partly due to the band's exhaustion after a series of tours that had established them as a worldwide phenomenon in 1964. <P0-S4>  The songs introduced darker musical moods and more introspective lyrics, with John Lennon adopting an autobiographical perspective in compositions such as "I'm a Loser" and "No Reply". <P0-S5>  The album also reflected the twin influences of country music and Bob Dylan, whom the Beatles met in New York in August 1964. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band is the eighth studio album by English rock band the Beatles. <P1-S1>  Released on 26 May 1967 in the United Kingdom and 2 June 1967 in the United States, it was an immediate commercial and critical success, spending 27 weeks at the top of the UK albums chart and 15 weeks at number one in the US. <P1-S2>  On release, the album was lauded by the vast majority of critics for its innovations in music production, songwriting and graphic design, for bridging a cultural divide between popular music and legitimate art, and for providing a musical representation of its generation and the contemporary counterculture. <P1-S3>  It won four Grammy Awards in 1968, including Album of the Year, the first rock LP to receive this honour. <SEP> <P2-S0>  He played in the position of centre forward, although his career was limited by the onset of World War II. <P2-S1>  He gained most of his fame and success playing for Liverpool where he won the League Championship in 1947. <P2-S2>  His later claim to fame was an appearance on the front cover of The Beatles' "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" album. <P2-S3> Albert Stubbins (17 July 1919 – 28 December 2002) was an English footballer. <SEP> <P3-S0> Aurum is the eight studio album by Polish gothic rock band Closterkeller. <P3-S1>  It was released on October 2, 2009 in Poland through Universal Music Polska. <P3-S2>  The album was recorded on June 23-September 10, 2009 at Izabelin Studio, Izabelin. <P3-S3>  The cover art was created by Albert Bonarski and fotos by Wojciech Wojtczak.
Question: Which was founded first, Bertucci's or Jet's Pizza?

<P0-S0> Jet's Pizza is an American pizza franchise restaurant. <P0-S1>  It was founded in 1978 in Sterling Heights, Michigan, and operates primarily in the state of Michigan. <SEP> <P1-S0> Peppes Pizza is a Norwegian pizza chain that serves American style and Italian style pizza. <P1-S1>  Peppes is the largest pizza chain in Scandinavia. <P1-S2>  The restaurant was founded by two Americans, Louis Jordan and his wife Anne from Hartford, Connecticut. <P1-S3>  The restaurant chain is part of Umoe Catering As which consists of restaurants such as Burger King, TGI Fridays, La Baguette and Cafe Opus. <P1-S4>  Peppes Pizza is one of the first restaurants that brought foreign food to Norway. <P1-S5>  9 million pizzas are served by Peppes each year with deliveries in 11 cities in Norway. <P1-S6>  Their menu was first put online in March 1995. <P1-S7>  The servings have been described as enough for two people and that the pizza chain is "a cut above the rest". <SEP> <P2-S0> Bertucci's is a Northborough, Massachusetts-based private company which runs a chain of sit-down Italian restaurants offering brick oven pizza and Italian food. <P2-S1>  It also offers delivery (from some stores), take-out and private dining. <P2-S2>  The company expanded rapidly during the 1990s. <P2-S3>  Bertucci's locations are primarily found in the Northeast, but range as far south as Virginia. <P2-S4>  N.E. Restaurant Co. <P2-S5>  Inc. bought out Bertucci's in 1998, adopting the Bertucci's Co. name in 2001. <P2-S6>  Bertucci's was founded by Joey Crugnale in Davis Square, Somerville, Massachusetts, in 1981. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Syracuse Triad is the name given to the three women's sororities founded at Syracuse University. <P3-S1>  Alpha Phi was founded first in 1872 by 10 of the original 20 women admitted into Syracuse University. <P3-S2>  Gamma Phi Beta came along two years later in 1874 and with it came the term "sorority," which was coined at the time of its founding. <P3-S3>  (Prior to that, women's Greek-letter organizations used the term "women's fraternity," since no more appropriate term existed.) <P3-S4>  Alpha Gamma Delta completed the triad in 1904.
Question: A senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution and a contributing editor of "The Atlantic" worked with a certain journal that is a research and advisory services company based in Washington, D.C. offering services in government affairs, advocacy communications and policy brands research, who is the President of this company?

<P0-S0> William J. Antholis (born 1964) is a Greek-American political scientist. <P0-S1>  He is director and CEO of the Miller Center of Public Affairs, a nonpartisan affiliate of the University of Virginia that specializes in presidential scholarship, public policy, and political history and strives to apply the lessons of history to the nation’s most pressing contemporary governance challenges. <P0-S2>  Prior to that, Antholis served as managing director of the Brookings Institution, a Washington think tank. <P0-S3>  He currently serves as a non-resident senior fellow at Brookings. <P0-S4>  His research interests include subnational governance and federalism, energy policy, bottom-up efforts and international negotiations around climate change, the role of democracy, and community development. <SEP> <P1-S0> Jonathan Charles Rauch ( ; born April 26, 1960 in Phoenix, Arizona) is an American author, journalist and activist. <P1-S1>  He is currently a senior fellow in governance studies at the Brookings Institution and a contributing editor of "The Atlantic". <P1-S2>  After graduating from Yale University, Rauch worked at the "Winston-Salem Journal" in North Carolina, for the "National Journal" magazine, and later for "The Economist" magazine and as a freelance writer. <SEP> <P2-S0> Benjamin Wittes (born November 5, 1969) is an American journalist who focuses on issues of national security and law. <P2-S1>  He is Senior Fellow in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution, where he is the Research Director in Public Law, and Co-Director of the Harvard Law School – Brookings Project on Law and Security. <P2-S2>  He works principally on issues related to American law and national security. <P2-S3>  Along with Robert M. Chesney and Jack Goldsmith, Wittes cofounded the "Lawfare Blog", which is devoted to the discussion of U.S. national security choices. <P2-S4>  Wittes is also a member of the Hoover Institution's Task Force on National Security and Law. <P2-S5>  Wittes is a frequent speaker on topics of detention, interrogation, and national security, before academic, government, policy, and military audiences. <SEP> <P3-S0> National Journal is a research and advisory services company based in Washington, D.C. offering services in government affairs, advocacy communications and policy brands research for government and business leaders. <P3-S1>  It publishes daily journalism covering politics and public policy and is led by President Kevin Turpin and Editor-in-Chief Stephen G. Smith.
Question: What American singer and actress had a love affair with Nelson Eddy?

<P0-S0> Sweethearts: The Timeless Love Affair On screen and Off Between Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy is biographical book by Sharon Rich. <P0-S1>  First published in hardback in 1994 by Donald I. Fine, Inc., the book covers the relationship of Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy. <P0-S2>  Rich drew heavily on Eddy's mother, who had kept Eddy's diaries and letters. <SEP> <P1-S0> Edouard Lippé (May 24, 1884 in Pennsylvania – 1956) also frequently spelt Eduardo Lippe. <P1-S1>  American composer, baritone and singing teacher. <P1-S2>  His major title to fame nowadays rests on the fact that he was baritone Nelson Eddy's first and principal teacher, apparently even financing his pupil's finishing studies in Paris and Dresden. <P1-S3>  Lippé followed Eddy to Hollywood, where he appeared in the small role of the Landlord in the 1935 film version of Victor Herbert's "Naughty Marietta". <P1-S4>  He was also the singing teacher of Todd Duncan, George Gershwin's personal choice for Porgy at the world première of "Porgy and Bess", and one of the first African-American opera singers of renown. <P1-S5>  Dr. Lippe, as he was also known, also gave lessons to another lesser known but gifted young singer by the name of Victor Marchese who went on to record with MGM records - see Flamingo. <P1-S6>  Lippé wrote many songs, including a particularly graceful setting of Elizabeth Barrett Browning's "How Do I Love Thee?" <P1-S7>  included by Arleen Augér in a 1986 recital of love songs. <SEP> <P2-S0>  During the 1930s and 1940s she starred in 29 feature films, four nominated for Best Picture Oscars ("The Love Parade", "One Hour with You", "Naughty Marietta" and "San Francisco"), and recorded extensively, earning three gold records. <P2-S1> Jeanette Anna MacDonald (June 18, 1903 – January 14, 1965) was an American singer and actress best remembered for her musical films of the 1930s with Maurice Chevalier ("The Love Parade", "Love Me Tonight", "The Merry Widow" and "One Hour With You") and Nelson Eddy ("Naughty Marietta", "Rose-Marie", and "Maytime"). <P2-S2>  She later appeared in opera, concerts, radio, and television. <P2-S3>  MacDonald was one of the most influential sopranos of the 20th century, introducing opera to movie-going audiences and inspiring a generation of singers. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sharon Rich (born June 11, 1953) is an author and film historian, best known for the biography "Sweethearts" about 1930s singing stars Jeanette MacDonald and Nelson Eddy. <P3-S1>  She was close friends for many years with Jeanette's older sister, actress Blossom Rock (aka Marie Blake). <P3-S2>  Along with interviewing hundreds of people, Rich had access to many collections of private letters, Eddy’s personal scrapbooks, diary entries, FBI files and MacDonald’s unpublished autobiography. <P3-S3>  As follow up documentation to "Sweethearts", Rich has written several additional books and edited and written over seventy magazine articles. <P3-S4>  In 1995 she was awarded a Dame of Merit by the Knights of Malta for her contribution to History and Literature.
Question: William Jay was an American reformer, jurist, and son of  an American statesman who directed U.S. foreign policy for much of what decade?

<P0-S0> William Jay (16 June 1789 – 14 October 1858) was an American reformer, jurist, and the son of Founding Father and first U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Jay (1745–1829). <SEP> <P1-S0> Harvey Sicherman was an American writer and foreign policy expert. <P1-S1>  He served as the President and Director of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, located in Philadelphia, from 1993 until 2010. <P1-S2>  His interests lay in the analysis of U.S. foreign policy and national security, as well as in the areas of Western Europe, the Middle East, and International Economics. <P1-S3>  Born in Scranton in 1945, Sicherman died on December 25, 2010. <SEP> <P2-S0>  He directed U.S. foreign policy for much of the 1780s and was an important leader of the Federalist Party after the ratification of the United States Constitution in 1788. <P2-S1> John Jay (December 23 [O.S. December 12] 1745 – May 17, 1829) was an American statesman, Patriot, diplomat, one of the Founding Fathers of the United States, signatory of the Treaty of Paris of 1783, second Governor of New York, and the first Chief Justice of the United States (1789–1795). <SEP> <P3-S0> The Coalition for a Realistic Foreign Policy is a group of U.S. scholars, policy makers and citizens who oppose the current U.S. foreign policy, which they view as pursuing an American empire. <P3-S1>  The coalition questions both the morality and the efficacy of using military force and diplomatic pressure to achieve the aims of political and economic liberalization. <P3-S2>  As opposed to the increasingly prevalent geopolitical philosophy of neoconservatism, the coalition advocates foreign policy realism.
Question: What is the name of the one-act play centered on two characters from Chekhov and wrote by Irish dramatist, short story writer and founder of the Field Day Theatre Company Brian Friel?

<P0-S0> Landscape is a one-act play by Harold Pinter that was first broadcast on radio in 1968 and first performed on stage in 1969. <P0-S1>  The play shows the difficulties of communication between two people in a marriage. <P0-S2>  This is illustrated through the two characters who appear to be talking to one another though neither seems to hear the other. <P0-S3>  The dialogue resembles two independent monologues. <P0-S4>  The play is often studied, read, and performed alongside "Silence", another one-act play published soon after "Landscape". <P0-S5>  Both plays mark a change in Pinter's style, with echoes of the work of Samuel Beckett. <P0-S6>  In both plays nothing happens, the action of the plays is brought to a halt putting an added emphasis on the role of the dialogues and monologues that take place. <P0-S7>  As one critic put it "nothing happens but much is explored". <SEP> <P1-S0> The Field Day Theatre Company began as an artistic collaboration between playwright Brian Friel and actor Stephen Rea. <P1-S1>  In 1980, the duo set out to launch a production of Friel's recently completed play, "Translations". <P1-S2>  They decided to rehearse and premiere the play in Derry with the hope of establishing a major theatre company for Northern Ireland. <P1-S3>  The production and performance of "Translations" generated a level of excitement and anticipation that unified, if only for a short time, the various factions of a divided community. <SEP> <P2-S0>  He had been considered one of the greatest living English-language dramatists. <P2-S1>  He has been likened to an "Irish Chekhov" and described as "the universally accented voice of Ireland". <P2-S2>  His plays have been compared favourably to those of contemporaries such as Samuel Beckett, Arthur Miller, Harold Pinter and Tennessee Williams. <P2-S3> Brian Patrick Friel (9 January 1929 – 2 October 2015) was an Irish dramatist, short story writer and founder of the Field Day Theatre Company. <SEP> <P3-S0> Afterplay is a 2002 one-act play by Brian Friel. <P3-S1>  It centres on two characters from Chekhov (Sonya from "Uncle Vanya" and Andrey from "Three Sisters") meeting in Moscow in the 1920s.