winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: When did Ukraine gain independence from the first Allied nation to reach the German city where the director of The Man from Morocco was born?

<P0-S0> the hundred days offensive (8 august to 11 november 1918) was an allied offensive which ended the first world war. <P0-S1> beginning with the battle of amiens (8–12 august) on the western front, the allies pushed central powers back after their gains from the spring offensive. <P0-S2> the germans eventually retreated to the hindenburg line, culminating in the armistice of 11 november 1918. the term "hundred days offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of allied victories against which the german armies had no reply. <SEP> <P1-S0> This period, however, was extremely chaotic, characterized by revolution, international and civil war, and lack of strong central authority. <P1-S1> Many factions competed for power in the area that is today's Ukraine, and not all groups desired a separate Ukrainian state. <P1-S2> Between 1917 and 1920, several entities that aspired to be independent Ukrainian states came into existence. <P1-S3> Ultimately, Ukrainian independence was short - lived, as most Ukrainian lands were incorporated into the Soviet Union and the remainder, in western Ukraine, was divided among Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Romania. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P3-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. <SEP> <P4-S0> russia has participated in 4 fifa world cups since its independence in december 1991. the russian federation played their first international match against mexico on 16 august 1992 winning 2 - 0. their first participation in a world cup was the united states of america in 1994 and they achieved 18th place. <P4-S1> in 1946 the soviet union was accepted by fifa and played their first world cup in sweden 1958. the soviet union represented 15 socialist republics and various football federations, and the majority of players came from the dynamo kyiv team of the ukrainian ssr. <P4-S2> the soviet union national football team played in 7 world cups. <P4-S3> their best performance was reaching 4th place in england 1966. however soviet football was dissolved in 1991 when belarus, russia and ukraine declared independence under the belavezha accords. <P4-S4> the cis national football team (commonwealth of independent states) was formed with other independent nations in 1992 but did not participate in any world cups. <SEP> <P5-S0> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <P5-S1> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain.
Question: When did Latvia gain independence from the Allied nation first to reach the birthplace of the director of The Man from Morocco?

<P0-S0> the hundred days offensive (8 august to 11 november 1918) was an allied offensive which ended the first world war. <P0-S1> beginning with the battle of amiens (8–12 august) on the western front, the allies pushed central powers back after their gains from the spring offensive. <P0-S2> the germans eventually retreated to the hindenburg line, culminating in the armistice of 11 november 1918. the term "hundred days offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of allied victories against which the german armies had no reply. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Constitution of Latvia was adopted in 1922. <P2-S1> Political instability and effects of the Great Depression led to the May 15, 1934 coup d'état by Prime Minister Kārlis Ulmanis. <P2-S2> Latvia's independence was interrupted in June -- July 1940, when the country was occupied and incorporated into the Soviet Union. <P2-S3> The First Latvian National Awakening began in the 1850s and continued to bear fruit after World War I when, after two years of struggle in the Latvian War of Independence, Latvia finally won sovereign independence, as recognised by Soviet Russia in 1920 and by the international community in 1921. <P2-S4> In 1941 it was invaded and occupied by Nazi Germany, then reconquered by the Soviets in 1944 -- 45. <SEP> <P3-S0> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. <P3-S1> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <SEP> <P4-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. <SEP> <P5-S0> anatols dinbergs (born riga, march 3, 1911, died washington, d.c., november 9, 1993) was one of the preeminent career diplomats of latvia. <P5-S1> he entered service in latvia's foreign ministry in 1932. dinbergs remained abroad when the soviet union occupied latvia, serving in the latvian legation in washington, d.c., after world war ii ended. <P5-S2> dinbergs assumed the highest diplomatic post, that of "chargé d'affaires", in 1970 and represented latvia's sovereign interests in exile until latvia reestablished its independence in 1991. as head of the latvian diplomatic service abroad, dinbergs was appointed latvia's first ambassador to the united nations and subsequently latvia's first ambassador to the united states. <P5-S3> after retirement, he served as counselor to the latvian embassy in washington, d.c., until his death in 1993.
Question: How many deaths were suffered in the war by the first Allied nation to reach the German city where the director of The Man from Morocco was born?

<P0-S0> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <P0-S1> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. <SEP> <P1-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P3-S0> the french fourth republic () was the republican government of france between 1946 and 1958, governed by the fourth republican constitution. <P3-S1> it was in many ways a revival of the third republic that was in place from 1870 during the franco-prussian war to 1940 during world war ii, and suffered many of the same problems. <P3-S2> france adopted the constitution of the fourth republic on 13 october 1946. <SEP> <P4-S0> in 1915, australian and new zealand soldiers formed part of an allied expedition that set out to capture the gallipoli peninsula to open the way to the black sea for the allied navies. <P4-S1> the objective was to capture constantinople, the capital of the ottoman empire, which was an ally of germany during the war. <P4-S2> the anzac force landed at gallipoli on 25 april, meeting fierce resistance from the ottoman army commanded by mustafa kemal (later known as atatürk). <P4-S3> what had been planned as a bold strike to knock the ottomans out of the war quickly became a stalemate, and the campaign dragged on for eight months. <P4-S4> at the end of 1915, the allied forces were evacuated after both sides had suffered heavy casualties and endured great hardships. <P4-S5> the allied deaths totalled over 56,000, including 8,709 from australia and 2,721 from new zealand. <P4-S6> news of the landing at gallipoli made a profound impact on australians and new zealanders at home and 25 april quickly became the day on which they remembered the sacrifice of those who had died in the war. <SEP> <P5-S0> It is possible that around 62 million people died in the war; estimates vary greatly. <P5-S1> About 60% of all casualties were civilians, who died as a result of disease, starvation, genocide (in particular, the Holocaust), and aerial bombing. <P5-S2> Estimates place deaths in the Soviet Union at around 23 million, while China suffered about 10 million. <P5-S3> The former Soviet Union and China suffered the most casualties. <P5-S4> No country lost a greater portion of its population than Poland: approximately 5.6 million, or 16%, of its pre-war population of 34.8 million died.
Question: Who organized the August 1991 coup in the first Allied nation to reach the German city where the director of The Man from Morocco was born?

<P0-S0> douglas francis jerrold (scarborough 3 august 1893 – 1964) was a british newspaper editor. <P0-S1> as editor of "the english review" from 1931 to 1935, he was a vocal supporter of fascism in italy and of catholic nationalism in spain. <P0-S2> he was personally involved in the events of july 1936 when two british intelligence agents piloted an aircraft from the canary islands to spanish morocco, taking general franco with them, and thereby helped to spark the military coup which ignited the spanish civil war. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P2-S0> Avgustovskiy Putch ``August Putsch ''), was an attempt by members of the government of the USSR to take control of the country from Soviet President and General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev. <P2-S1> The 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, also known as the August Coup (Russian: Августовский путч, tr. <P2-S2> The coup leaders were hard - line members of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) who were opposed to Gorbachev's reform program and the new union treaty that he had negotiated which decentralized much of the central government's power to the republics. <P2-S3> They were opposed, mainly in Moscow, by a short but effective campaign of civil resistance led by Russian president Boris Yeltsin, who had been both an ally and critic of Gorbachev. <P2-S4> Although the coup collapsed in only two days and Gorbachev returned to power, the event destabilized the USSR and is widely considered to have contributed to both the demise of the CPSU and the dissolution of the USSR. <SEP> <P3-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. <SEP> <P4-S0> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. <P4-S1> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <SEP> <P5-S0> the hundred days offensive (8 august to 11 november 1918) was an allied offensive which ended the first world war. <P5-S1> beginning with the battle of amiens (8–12 august) on the western front, the allies pushed central powers back after their gains from the spring offensive. <P5-S2> the germans eventually retreated to the hindenburg line, culminating in the armistice of 11 november 1918. the term "hundred days offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of allied victories against which the german armies had no reply.
Question: How many independent states emerged after the collapse of the first Allied nation to reach the German city where the director of The Man from Morocco was born?

<P0-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <P1-S1> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 15 post-Soviet states are typically divided into the following five groupings. <P2-S1> Each of these regions has its own common set of traits, owing not only to geographic and cultural factors but also to that region's history in relation to Russia. <P2-S2> In addition, there are a number of de facto independent, but internationally unrecognized states (see the section Separatist conflicts below). <SEP> <P3-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P4-S0> the state government left philadelphia in 1799, and the federal government was moved to washington, dc in 1800 with completion of the white house and capitol. <P4-S1> the city remained the young nation's largest with a population of nearly 50,000 at the turn of the 19th century; it was a financial and cultural center. <P4-S2> before 1800, its free black community founded the african methodist episcopal church (ame), the first independent black denomination in the country, and the first black episcopal church. <P4-S3> the free black community also established many schools for its children, with the help of quakers. <P4-S4> new york city soon surpassed philadelphia in population, but with the construction of roads, canals, and railroads, philadelphia became the first major industrial city in the united states. <SEP> <P5-S0> director aja and art director grégory levasseur chose not to film in the original's filming location of victorville, california, and instead scouted many locations for filming including namibia, south africa, new mexico, and mexico. <P5-S1> the two settled on ouarzazate in morocco, which was also known as ``the gateway to the sahara desert ''.
Question: Why did the allied nation first to reach birth city of The Man from Morocco director complain about the action of the US?

<P0-S0> on 18 june 1948, the national security council issued directive 10/2 calling for covert action against the ussr, and granting the authority to carry out covert operations against "hostile foreign states or groups" that could, if needed, be denied by the u.s. government. <P0-S1> to this end, the office of policy coordination was created inside the new cia. <P0-S2> the opc was quite unique; frank wisner, the head of the opc, answered not to the cia director, but to the secretaries of defense, state, and the nsc, and the opc's actions were a secret even from the head of the cia. <P0-S3> most cia stations had two station chiefs, one working for the oso, and one working for the opc. <SEP> <P1-S0> greater hesse () was the provisional name given for a section of german territory created by the us military administration in at the end of world war ii. <P1-S1> it was formed by the allied control council on 19 september 1945 and became the modern german state of hesse on 1 december 1946. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P3-S0> In the resulting Battle of Pusan Perimeter (August–September 1950), the U.S. Army withstood KPA attacks meant to capture the city at the Naktong Bulge, P'ohang-dong, and Taegu. <P3-S1> The United States Air Force (USAF) interrupted KPA logistics with 40 daily ground support sorties that destroyed 32 bridges, halting most daytime road and rail traffic. <P3-S2> KPA forces were forced to hide in tunnels by day and move only at night. <P3-S3> To deny matériel to the KPA, the USAF destroyed logistics depots, petroleum refineries, and harbors, while the U.S. Navy air forces attacked transport hubs. <P3-S4> Consequently, the over-extended KPA could not be supplied throughout the south. <P3-S5> On 27 August, 67th Fighter Squadron aircraft mistakenly attacked facilities in Chinese territory and the Soviet Union called the UN Security Council's attention to China's complaint about the incident. <P3-S6> The US proposed that a commission of India and Sweden determine what the US should pay in compensation but the Soviets vetoed the US proposal. <SEP> <P4-S0> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. <P4-S1> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <SEP> <P5-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era.
Question: In 1991, who was president of the nation first to reach the birthplace of the director of The Man from Morocco?

<P0-S0> On March 17, 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. <P0-S1> During an unsuccessful coup attempt on August 19–21, 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev. <P0-S2> On June 12, Boris Yeltsin was elected President of Russia by popular vote. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Man from Morocco is a 1945 action adventure film directed by Mutz Greenbaum as Max Greene. <P1-S1> The film was produced by Welwyn Studios in Great Britain. <SEP> <P2-S0> director of national intelligence of the united states of america seal of the director of national intelligence incumbent dan coats since march 16, 2017 united states intelligence community member of cabinet - level, national security council reports to the president seat washington, d.c. appointer the president with senate advice and consent term length appointed precursor director of central intelligence (cia) formation april 22, 2005; 12 years ago (2005 - 04 - 22) first holder john negroponte deputy principal deputy director susan m. gordon website www.dni.gov <SEP> <P3-S0> the president of the federal republic of nigeria is the head of state and head of the national executive of nigeria. <P3-S1> the president of nigeria is also the commander - in - chief of the nigerian armed forces. <P3-S2> the president is elected in national elections which take place every four years. <P3-S3> the first president of nigeria was nnamdi azikiwe, who took office on 1 october 1963. the current president, muhammadu buhari, took office on 29 may 2015 as the 15th president of the federal republic of nigeria. <SEP> <P4-S0> Mutz Greenbaum (3 February 1896 – 5 July 1968), sometimes credited as Max Greene or Max Greenbaum, was a Berlin, Germany-born film cinematographer. <SEP> <P5-S0> The western Allies' decision to leave eastern Germany and the city of Berlin to the Red Army -- honoring the agreement they made with the Soviet Union at Yalta -- eventually had serious repercussions as the Cold War emerged and expanded in the post-war era.
Question: In 1860, what percent of the population in the state adjacent to the state where the singer of Hello Love was living at his death were slaves?

<P0-S0> the great irish famine brought a large influx of irish immigrants. <P0-S1> over 200,000 were living in new york by 1860, upwards of a quarter of the city's population. <P0-S2> there was also extensive immigration from the german provinces, where revolutions had disrupted societies, and germans comprised another 25% of new york's population by 1860. <SEP> <P1-S0> cornell wrote ``say hello 2 heaven ''as a tribute to his roommate, mother love bone vocalist andrew wood, who at the time had recently died of a heroin overdose. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Hello Love" was Snow's seventh and final number one on the U.S. country singles chart, and his first number one in twelve years. <P2-S1> "Hello Love" is a 1974 single by Hank Snow. <P2-S2> The single stayed at number one for a single week and spent a total of ten weeks on the chart. <SEP> <P3-S0> They lived and worked chiefly on plantations in the eastern Tidewater. <P3-S1> In addition, 30,463 free people of color lived in the state. <P3-S2> While slaveholding was slightly less concentrated than in some Southern states, according to the 1860 census, more than 330,000 people, or 33% of the population of 992,622, were enslaved African Americans. <P3-S3> They were also concentrated in the eastern coastal plain, especially at port cities such as Wilmington and New Bern, where a variety of jobs were available. <P3-S4> Free African Americans were allowed to vote until 1835, when the state revoked their suffrage in restrictions following the slave rebellion of 1831 led by Nat Turner. <P3-S5> Southern slave codes criminalized willful killing of a slave in most cases. <SEP> <P4-S0> Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. <P4-S1> Tennessee (i/tɛnᵻˈsiː/) (Cherokee: ᏔᎾᏏ, Tanasi) is a state located in the southeastern United States. <P4-S2> Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 17th most populous of the 50 United States. <P4-S3> The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. <P4-S4> Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 601,222. <P4-S5> Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 653,450. <SEP> <P5-S0> Snow moved to Nashville, Tennessee, in 1949, and "Hank Snow, the Singing Ranger" (modified from his earlier nickname, the Yodeling Ranger), began recording for RCA Victor in the United States in 1949. <P5-S1> His first release in the United States, "Marriage Vow" climbed to number ten on the country charts in the fall of 1949; However, it wasn't until he was invited to play at the Grand Ole Opry in 1950 that he gained serious significance in the United States. <P5-S2> His second release in early 1950, "I'm Moving On" was the first of seven number 1 hits on the country charts. <P5-S3> "I'm Moving On" stayed at the top for 21 weeks, setting the all-time record for most weeks at number 1.
Question: Who is the mother of Anna from the country where Korolyov's namesake resides?

<P0-S0> Based on a true story, the graphic novel tells the story of Laika from multiple points of view: from that of the ambitious Sergey Korolyov, Chief Engineer responsible for the launching and construction of Sputnik 2; to that of Yelena Dubrovsky, official trainer of the space-bound dogs; to that of Oleg Gazenko, scientist; and finally from the viewpoint of Laika herself, who had lived as a stray on the streets of Moscow. <SEP> <P1-S0> Moskva, IPA: (mɐˈskva) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area. <P1-S1> Moscow (/ ˈmɒskoʊ / or / ˈmɒskaʊ /; Russian: Москва́, tr. <P1-S2> Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city. <SEP> <P2-S0> one true thing is a 1998 american drama film directed by carl franklin. <P2-S1> it tells the story of a woman who is forced to put her life on hold in order to care for her mother who is dying of cancer. <P2-S2> it was adapted by karen croner from the novel by anna quindlen. <P2-S3> the novel and film are based on anna quindlen's real life struggle with the death of her mother, prudence pantano quindlen, from ovarian cancer in 1972. <SEP> <P3-S0> In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. <P3-S1> Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research. <SEP> <P4-S0> thomas thaarup was born in copenhagen, where his father, niels thaarup, owned a hardware store. <P4-S1> his mother's name was anna margaretha and her maiden name was stupsack. <SEP> <P5-S0> Tsarevna Catherine Ivanovna of Russia (20 October 1691 – 14 June 1733) was a daughter of Tsar Ivan V and Praskovia Saltykova, eldest sister of Empress Anna of Russia and niece of Peter the Great. <P5-S1> By her marriage, she was a Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
Question: Who makes up the majority of the population in the nation whose capital is the place of residence of the man Korolyov is named after?

<P0-S0> Moskva, IPA: (mɐˈskva) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area. <P0-S1> Moscow (/ ˈmɒskoʊ / or / ˈmɒskaʊ /; Russian: Москва́, tr. <P0-S2> Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city. <SEP> <P1-S0> Other groups include Belarusians (3.8%), Ukrainians (2%), Finns (1.4%), Vepsians (0.5%), and a host of smaller groups, each accounting for less than 0.5% of the total population. <P1-S1> According to the 2010 Census, ethnic Russians make up 82.2% of the republic's population, ethnic Karelians 7.4%. <SEP> <P2-S0> malacañang sa sugbo (, ) is the official residence of the president of the philippines in the visayas. <P2-S1> it is located in cebu city near the port area and fort san pedro, and within walking distance from the basilica minore del santo niño, magellan's cross, and city hall. <P2-S2> it is named after the malacañang palace, the official residence of the president in the capital city of manila. <SEP> <P3-S0> Based on a true story, the graphic novel tells the story of Laika from multiple points of view: from that of the ambitious Sergey Korolyov, Chief Engineer responsible for the launching and construction of Sputnik 2; to that of Yelena Dubrovsky, official trainer of the space-bound dogs; to that of Oleg Gazenko, scientist; and finally from the viewpoint of Laika herself, who had lived as a stray on the streets of Moscow. <SEP> <P4-S0> Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research. <P4-S1> In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. <SEP> <P5-S0> london i/ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of england and the united kingdom. <P5-S1> standing on the river thames in the south eastern part of the island of great britain, london has been a major settlement for two millennia. <P5-S2> it was founded by the romans, who named it londinium. <P5-S3> london's ancient core, the city of london, largely retains its 1.12-square-mile (2.9 km2) medieval boundaries and in 2011 had a resident population of 7,375, making it the smallest city in england. <P5-S4> since at least the 19th century, the term london has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. <P5-S5> the bulk of this conurbation forms greater london,[note 1] a region of england governed by the mayor of london and the london assembly. <P5-S6> [note 2] the conurbation also covers two english counties: the small district of the city of london and the county of greater london. <P5-S7> the latter constitutes the vast majority of london, though historically it was split between middlesex (a now abolished county), essex, surrey, kent and hertfordshire.
Question: Korolyov was named after a city resident from a country that came what position in the World Cup?

<P0-S0> Moskva, IPA: (mɐˈskva) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area. <P0-S1> Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city. <P0-S2> Moscow (/ ˈmɒskoʊ / or / ˈmɒskaʊ /; Russian: Москва́, tr. <SEP> <P1-S0> Based on a true story, the graphic novel tells the story of Laika from multiple points of view: from that of the ambitious Sergey Korolyov, Chief Engineer responsible for the launching and construction of Sputnik 2; to that of Yelena Dubrovsky, official trainer of the space-bound dogs; to that of Oleg Gazenko, scientist; and finally from the viewpoint of Laika herself, who had lived as a stray on the streets of Moscow. <SEP> <P2-S0> malacañang sa sugbo (, ) is the official residence of the president of the philippines in the visayas. <P2-S1> it is located in cebu city near the port area and fort san pedro, and within walking distance from the basilica minore del santo niño, magellan's cross, and city hall. <P2-S2> it is named after the malacañang palace, the official residence of the president in the capital city of manila. <SEP> <P3-S0> In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. <P3-S1> Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research. <SEP> <P4-S0> the 2014 fifa world cup was the 20th fifa world cup, the quadrennial world championship for men's national football teams organized by fifa. <P4-S1> it took place in brazil from 12 june to 13 july 2014, after the country was awarded the hosting rights in 2007. it was the second time that brazil staged the competition, the first being in 1950, and the fifth time that it was held in south america. <SEP> <P5-S0> Year Round Position Pld D * GF GA as Soviet Union 1930 Did not enter 1934 1938 1950 1954 1958 Quarter - finals 6th 5 5 6 1962 Quarter - finals 6th 9 7 1966 Fourth place 4th 6 0 10 6 1970 Quarter - finals 5th 6 Disqualified 1978 Did not qualify 1982 Second group stage 7th 5 7 1986 Round of 16 10th 12 5 1990 Group stage 17th 0 as Russia 1994 Group stage 18th 0 7 6 1998 Did not qualify 2002 Group stage 22nd 0 2006 Did not qualify 2014 Group stage 24th 0 2018 Quarter - finals 8th 5 11 7 2022 To be determined 2026 Total Fourth place 11 / 21 45 19 10 16 77 54
Question: When did the country in whose capitol the person after whom Korolyov was named resided stop using the Julian calendar?

<P0-S0> Although the traditional seven - day week was still recognized, a day of rest on Sunday was replaced by one day of rest in each work week. <P0-S1> Many sources erroneously state that the weeks were organized into 30 - day months from Roman calendar. <P0-S2> While the Gregorian calendar was implemented in Soviet Russia in February 1918 by dropping the Julian dates of 1 -- 13 February 1918 pursuant to a Sovnarkom decree, the Soviet calendar added five - and six - day work weeks between 1929 and 1940. <SEP> <P1-S0> the gregorian calendar was a reform of the julian calendar instituted in 1582 by pope gregory xiii, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull inter gravissimas dated 24 february 1582. the motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early church. <P1-S1> although a recommendation of the first council of nicaea in 325 specified that all christians should celebrate easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the church of alexandria (see easter for the issues which arose). <SEP> <P2-S0> Moskva, IPA: (mɐˈskva) (listen)) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 12.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area. <P2-S1> Moscow has the status of a Russian federal city. <P2-S2> Moscow (/ ˈmɒskoʊ / or / ˈmɒskaʊ /; Russian: Москва́, tr. <SEP> <P3-S0> the gregorian calendar is a solar calendar. <P3-S1> a regular gregorian year consists of 365 days, but as in the julian calendar, in a leap year, a leap day is added to february. <P3-S2> in the julian calendar a leap year occurs every 4 years, but the gregorian calendar omits 3 leap days every 400 years. <P3-S3> in the julian calendar, this leap day was inserted by doubling 24 february, and the gregorian reform did not change the date of the leap day. <P3-S4> in the modern period, it has become customary to number the days from the beginning of the month, and february 29th is often considered as the leap day. <P3-S5> some churches, notably the roman catholic church, delay february festivals after the 23rd by one day in leap years. <SEP> <P4-S0> Based on a true story, the graphic novel tells the story of Laika from multiple points of view: from that of the ambitious Sergey Korolyov, Chief Engineer responsible for the launching and construction of Sputnik 2; to that of Yelena Dubrovsky, official trainer of the space-bound dogs; to that of Oleg Gazenko, scientist; and finally from the viewpoint of Laika herself, who had lived as a stray on the streets of Moscow. <SEP> <P5-S0> In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. <P5-S1> Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research.
Question: Why did the UK and France get involved with the war against the country where Eduard Rozovsky was educated?

<P0-S0> brinkmanship is the ostensible escalation of threats to achieve one's aims. <P0-S1> the word was probably coined by adlai stevenson in his criticism of the philosophy described as ``going to the brink ''in an interview with secretary of state john foster dulles under the eisenhower administration, during the cold war. <P0-S2> in an article written in life magazine, john foster dulles then defined his policy of brinkmanship as`` the ability to get to the verge without getting into the war is the necessary art.'' <P0-S3> during the cold war, this was used as a policy by the united states to coerce the soviet union into backing down militarily. <P0-S4> eventually, the threats involved might become so huge as to be unmanageable at which point both sides are likely to back down. <P0-S5> this was the case during the cold war; the escalation of threats of nuclear war, if carried out, are likely to lead to mutually assured destruction. <SEP> <P1-S0> the brandt mle 1935 60-mm mortar () was a company-level indirect-fire weapon of the french army during the second world war. <P1-S1> designed by edgar brandt, it was copied by other countries, such as the united states and china, as well as purchased and built by romania. <P1-S2> the mortar continued to be used by france after the war until at least the 1960s. <SEP> <P2-S0> Russia's rejection of the ultimatum caused the UK and France to enter the war. <P2-S1> Nicholas felt that, because of Russian assistance in suppressing the Hungarian revolution of 1848, Austria would side with him, or at the very least remain neutral. <P2-S2> Austria, however, felt threatened by the Russian troops in the Balkans. <P2-S3> On 27 February 1854, the United Kingdom and France demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from the principalities; Austria supported them and, though it did not declare war on Russia, it refused to guarantee its neutrality. <SEP> <P3-S0> His father was Alexander Evseevich Rozovsky, and his mother was Nonna (Anna) Naumovna (née Poliak).He began his career at the Lennauchfilm film studio, where he started as a cameraman. <P3-S1> Rozovsky was an alumna of Russian State Institute of Cinematography (VGIK), which is now called the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography. <P3-S2> He then joined Lenfilm studio, where he worked as a cinematographer. <SEP> <P4-S0> His first film of note was working with director Bulat Mansurov on "The Competition" in 1963, a notable film in the development of Turkmen national cinema. <P4-S1> Narliev graduated from Moscow's Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (VGIK) in 1960. <SEP> <P5-S0> The Embassy of China in Moscow (Russian: Посольство Китайской Народной Республики в Российской Федерации, Chinese: 中华人民共和国驻俄罗斯联邦大使馆) is the chief diplomatic mission of China in the Russian Federation. <P5-S1> It is located at 6 Druzhby Street () in the Ramenki District of Moscow.
Question: How long is the border with the country where the Embassy of China is located in the city where Sergei Vronsky was educated?

<P0-S0> His first film of note was working with director Bulat Mansurov on "The Competition" in 1963, a notable film in the development of Turkmen national cinema. <P0-S1> Narliev graduated from Moscow's Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (VGIK) in 1960. <SEP> <P1-S0> Major cities include Nur-Sultan, Almaty, Karagandy, Shymkent, Atyrau, and Oskemen. <P1-S1> It lies between latitudes 40° and 56° N, and longitudes 46° and 88° E. While located primarily in Asia, a small portion of Kazakhstan is also located west of the Urals in Eastern Europe.Kazakhstan's terrain extends west to east from the Caspian Sea to the Altay Mountains and north to south from the plains of Western Siberia to the oases and deserts of Central Asia. <P1-S2> The Kazakh Steppe (plain), with an area of around 804,500 square kilometres (310,600 sq mi), occupies one-third of the country and is the world's largest dry steppe region. <P1-S3> It shares borders of 6,846 kilometres (4,254 mi) with Russia, 2,203 kilometres (1,369 mi) with Uzbekistan, 1,533 kilometres (953 mi) with China, 1,051 kilometres (653 mi) with Kyrgyzstan, and 379 kilometres (235 mi) with Turkmenistan. <P1-S4> The steppe is characterised by large areas of grasslands and sandy regions. <P1-S5> Major seas, lakes and rivers include the Aral Sea, Lake Balkhash and Lake Zaysan, the Charyn River and gorge and the Ili, Irtysh, Ishim, Ural and Syr Darya rivers. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Embassy of China in Moscow (Russian: Посольство Китайской Народной Республики в Российской Федерации, Chinese: 中华人民共和国驻俄罗斯联邦大使馆) is the chief diplomatic mission of China in the Russian Federation. <P2-S1> It is located at 6 Druzhby Street () in the Ramenki District of Moscow. <SEP> <P3-S0> dorsa smirnov is a wrinkle ridge system at in eastern mare serenitatis on the moon. <P3-S1> it is 222 km long and was named after soviet geologist sergei sergeevich smirnov by the iau in 1976. <SEP> <P4-S0> Sergei Arkadevich Vronsky (, 3 September 1923 in Rostov-on-Don – June 21, 2003) was a Soviet and Russian cinematographer. <P4-S1> Sergei Vronsky graduated from the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography in 1953 and worked with Ivan Pyryev and Georgi Daneliya. <P4-S2> He received USSR State Prize in 1981 for the film "Autumn Marathon". <SEP> <P5-S0> china shares international borders with 14 sovereign states. <P5-S1> in addition, there is a 30 - km border with the special administrative region of hong kong, which was a british dependency before 1997, and a 3 km border with macau, a portuguese territory until 1999. with a land border of 22,117 kilometres (13,743 mi) in total it also has the longest land border of any country.
Question: Why did UK and France get involved in the war against the country where the Embassy of China is located in the same city as the university Sergei Vronksy attended?

<P0-S0> Russia's rejection of the ultimatum caused the UK and France to enter the war. <P0-S1> Nicholas felt that, because of Russian assistance in suppressing the Hungarian revolution of 1848, Austria would side with him, or at the very least remain neutral. <P0-S2> Austria, however, felt threatened by the Russian troops in the Balkans. <P0-S3> On 27 February 1854, the United Kingdom and France demanded the withdrawal of Russian forces from the principalities; Austria supported them and, though it did not declare war on Russia, it refused to guarantee its neutrality. <SEP> <P1-S0> dalian university of technology (dut) (), colloquially known in chinese as dàgōng (大工), is a public research university located in dalian (main campus) and panjin in liaoning province, china. <P1-S1> formerly called the dalian institute of technology, dut is renowned as one of the big four institutes of technology in china. <P1-S2> it is a chinese ministry of education class a double first class university, and one of the national key universities administered directly under the ministry of education. <SEP> <P2-S0> vilnius county () is the largest of the 10 counties of lithuania, located in the east of the country around the city vilnius. <P2-S1> on 1 july 2010, the county administration was abolished, and since that date, vilnius county remains as the territorial and statistical unit. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sergei Arkadevich Vronsky (, 3 September 1923 in Rostov-on-Don – June 21, 2003) was a Soviet and Russian cinematographer. <P3-S1> He received USSR State Prize in 1981 for the film "Autumn Marathon". <P3-S2> Sergei Vronsky graduated from the Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography in 1953 and worked with Ivan Pyryev and Georgi Daneliya. <SEP> <P4-S0> It is located at 6 Druzhby Street () in the Ramenki District of Moscow. <P4-S1> The Embassy of China in Moscow (Russian: Посольство Китайской Народной Республики в Российской Федерации, Chinese: 中华人民共和国驻俄罗斯联邦大使馆) is the chief diplomatic mission of China in the Russian Federation. <SEP> <P5-S0> His first film of note was working with director Bulat Mansurov on "The Competition" in 1963, a notable film in the development of Turkmen national cinema. <P5-S1> Narliev graduated from Moscow's Gerasimov Institute of Cinematography (VGIK) in 1960.
Question: The Chechen Republic is in a region of a country containing an Italian Embassy in the city were the Secretary-General of the CPY was murdered. What country borders this region?

<P0-S0> The Embassy of the Republic of Italy in Moscow is the chief diplomatic mission of Italy in the Russian Federation. <P0-S1> It is located at 5 Denezhny Lane () in the Khamovniki District of Moscow. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Vrezh (translated as "Vengeance" from Armenian) is thought to have been an underground militant movement reportedly created by Dashnak leadership in 1989 to fight Azerbaijan and authorities in Northern Caucasus by bombing civilian targets. <SEP> <P2-S0> Chechen Republic Чеченская Республика (Russian) Нохчийн Республика (Chechen) -- Republic -- Flag Coat of arms Anthem: Shatlak's Song Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E ﻿ / 43.400; 45.717 Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E ﻿ / 43.400; 45.717 Political status Country Russia Federal district North Caucasian Economic region North Caucasus Established January 10, 1993 Capital Grozny Government (as of January 2015) Head Ramzan Kadyrov Legislature Parliament Statistics Area (as of the 2002 Census) Total 17,300 km (6,700 sq mi) Area rank 75th Urban 32.1% Population (January 2016 est.) <P2-S1> Total 1,395,678 Time zone (s) MSK (UTC + 03: 00) ISO 3166 - 2 RU - CE License plates 95 Official languages Russian; Chechen Official website <SEP> <P3-S0> In 1934 the Zagreb Provincial Committee sent Tito to Vienna where all the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia had sought refuge. <P3-S1> He was appointed to the Committee and started to appoint allies to him, among them Edvard Kardelj, Milovan Đilas, Aleksandar Ranković and Boris Kidrič. <P3-S2> In 1935, Tito travelled to the Soviet Union, working for a year in the Balkans section of Comintern. <P3-S3> He was a member of the Soviet Communist Party and the Soviet secret police (NKVD). <P3-S4> In 1937, Stalin had the Secretary-General of the CPY, Milan Gorkić, murdered in Moscow. <P3-S5> Tito was also involved in recruiting for the Dimitrov Battalion, a group of volunteers serving in the Spanish Civil War. <P3-S6> In 1936, the Comintern sent "Comrade Walter" (i.e. <P3-S7> Tito) back to Yugoslavia to purge the Communist Party there. <P3-S8> Subsequently Tito was appointed Secretary-General of the still-outlawed CPY. <SEP> <P4-S0> vedensky district (; , "vedanan khoşt") is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifteen in the chechen republic, russia. <P4-S1> it is located in the southeast of the republic. <P4-S2> the area of the district is . <P4-S3> its administrative center is the rural locality (a "selo") of vedeno. <P4-S4> population: 23,390 (2002 census); the population of vedeno accounts for 8.7% of the district's total population. <SEP> <P5-S0> the terms baltic region, baltic rim countries (or simply baltic rim), and the baltic sea countries refer to slightly different combinations of countries in the general area surrounding the baltic sea in northern europe.
Question: What country is located in the region of the nation that has the Embassy of Italy in the city where Deng met his wife, that contains the chechen republic?

<P0-S0> It is located at 5 Denezhny Lane () in the Khamovniki District of Moscow. <P0-S1> The Embassy of the Republic of Italy in Moscow is the chief diplomatic mission of Italy in the Russian Federation. <SEP> <P1-S0> armenia–singapore relations refers to bilateral foreign relations between the two countries, armenia and singapore. <P1-S1> neither country has a resident ambassador. <P1-S2> the embassy of armenia in beijing, china is accredited to singapore. <P1-S3> singapore has no representation in armenia. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Vrezh (translated as "Vengeance" from Armenian) is thought to have been an underground militant movement reportedly created by Dashnak leadership in 1989 to fight Azerbaijan and authorities in Northern Caucasus by bombing civilian targets. <SEP> <P3-S0> Between 1927 and 1929, Deng lived in Shanghai, where he helped organize protests that would be harshly persecuted by the Kuomintang authorities. <P3-S1> The death of many Communist militants in those years led to a decrease in the number of members of the Communist Party, which enabled Deng to quickly move up the ranks. <P3-S2> During this stage in Shanghai, Deng married a woman he met in Moscow, Zhang Xiyuan. <SEP> <P4-S0> the budyonnovsk hospital hostage crisis took place from 14 june to 19 june 1995, when a group of 80 to 200 chechen separatists led by shamil basayev attacked the southern russian city of budyonnovsk (pop. <P4-S1> 60,000, often spelled budennovsk), some north of the border with the "de facto" independent chechen republic of ichkeria. <P4-S2> the incident resulted in a ceasefire between russia and chechen separatists, and peace talks (which later failed) between russia and the chechens. <SEP> <P5-S0> Chechen Republic Чеченская Республика (Russian) Нохчийн Республика (Chechen) -- Republic -- Flag Coat of arms Anthem: Shatlak's Song Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E ﻿ / 43.400; 45.717 Coordinates: 43 ° 24 ′ N 45 ° 43 ′ E ﻿ / ﻿ 43.400 ° N 45.717 ° E ﻿ / 43.400; 45.717 Political status Country Russia Federal district North Caucasian Economic region North Caucasus Established January 10, 1993 Capital Grozny Government (as of January 2015) Head Ramzan Kadyrov Legislature Parliament Statistics Area (as of the 2002 Census) Total 17,300 km (6,700 sq mi) Area rank 75th Urban 32.1% Population (January 2016 est.) <P5-S1> Total 1,395,678 Time zone (s) MSK (UTC + 03: 00) ISO 3166 - 2 RU - CE License plates 95 Official languages Russian; Chechen Official website