winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Lil Silva and Damon Albarn are both which kind of singers?

<P0-S0> "The Selfish Giant" is a song recorded by English recording artist and songwriter and Blur frontman & Gorillaz creator, Damon Albarn, from his debut solo studio album "Everyday Robots". <P0-S1>  The track features Natasha Khan, known professionally as Bat for Lashes. <P0-S2>  The track is produced by both Albarn and Richard Russell, whom Albarn has previously worked with on Bobby Womack's comeback album "The Bravest Man in the Universe" and on the DRC Music album "Kinshasa One Two". <SEP> <P1-S0> The solo discography of British musician Damon Albarn consists of four collaboration albums, four soundtrack albums, three extended plays and twelve singles. <P1-S1>  Also included are releases by Albarn's various side-projects and groups such as Mali Music, The Good the Bad & the Queen, Monkey, DRC Music and Rocket Juice & the Moon. <P1-S2>  Most of Albarn's work is either released by Honest Jon's Records (which is run by Albarn), Parlophone or EMI Records. <SEP> <P2-S0> Tyrone Jermaine "TJ" Carter, better known by the stage name Lil Silva, is an English electronic music producer and DJ, based in Bedford. <P2-S1>  He has produced and sung on his own singles and EPs (mostly released through the Good Years label) that have over time been described as funky house, UK funky, instrumental grime and "dubstep-inflected pop". <P2-S2>  He also takes a more traditional producer role on other musicians' work – he was principal producer on Banks's album "Goddess" and contributed production to Adele's album "25." <P2-S3>  He has collaborated with SBTRKT and on Damon Albarn's Africa Express project. <SEP> <P3-S0>  He is the lead singer of the British rock band Blur and co-founder, vocalist, instrumentalist, and principal songwriter of the virtual band Gorillaz. <P3-S1> Damon Albarn, OBE ( ; born 23 March 1968) is an English singer, songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist. <P3-S2>  Albarn is also part of two supergroups, one usually known as The Good, the Bad & the Queen, although it is stated that they are officially unnamed, and another named Rocket Juice & the Moon.
Question: The Indian action thriller Koyla, stars this actor?

<P0-S0>  Lever is one of the first stand-up comedians in India. <P0-S1> Johnny Lever (born 14 August 1957) is an Indian film actor and one of the most noted comedians in Hindi cinema. <SEP> <P1-S0> Ranbanka (हिन्दी-रणबंका, उर्दू -ربكا, English: Warrior) is a 2015 Indian action thriller film, produced by Serene Movies & Vintage Films and directed by Aryeman Ramsay. <P1-S1>  The film features Manish Paul, Pooja Thakur, Ravi Kishan, Rudra Kaushish and Avinash Dwivedi in the lead roles. <P1-S2>  Manish Paul plays the lead role of the protagonist, while Ravi Kishan and Avinash Dwivedi played the role of the antagonists. <P1-S3>  The film has its backdrop set in Mathura. <P1-S4>  This is also Manish Paul's first action film. <P1-S5>  "Ranbanka" is a Rajasthani word, which means "a warrior". <P1-S6>  The film narrates the story of Rahul's pain and the way he fights against Raghav, the most feared goon of Mathura. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The film stars Shahrukh Khan, Madhuri Dixit, Amrish Puri, Himani Shivpuri, Salim Ghouse, and Johnny Lever in pivotal roles. <P2-S1> Koyla (English: "Coal") is a 1997 Indian action thriller musical film written, produced and directed by Rakesh Roshan. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Great Gambler is an Indian action thriller film, known in Hindi as "Sabse Bada Zuari" (Hindi: सबसे बड़ा जुआरी ), stars Amitabh Bachchan, Zeenat Aman, Neetu Singh and Prem Chopra. <P3-S1>  It was directed by Shakti Samanta. <P3-S2>  It did decent business in Mumbai and has attained cult status. <P3-S3>  This film is a thriller, and its story is based on international gangsters, spies and secret agents of different countries' intelligence agencies and their undercover operations. <P3-S4>  This film had high production costs with a significant portions of it being shot in international locations including Cairo, Lisbon, Venice and Rome, and in India many scenes were shot in Goa.
Question: Between Suresh Bhardwaj and David Gordon Green which director is based out of Dehli?

<P0-S0> Suresh Bhardwaj (born 6 June 1955) is an Indian theatre, film and television director as well as a lighting and scenic designer. <P0-S1>  He is the director of "(Aakar Kala Sangam)" (AKS), a Delhi based theatre group and is currently in charge of the National School of Drama's regional centres at Bengluru,Gangtok(Sikkim) and Agartala (Tripura). <P0-S2>  He is also a faculty member of the National School of Drama <SEP> <P1-S0>  He has directed dramas such as "George Washington", "All the Real Girls", and "Snow Angels", as well as the thriller "Undertow", all of which he wrote or co-wrote. <P1-S1>  In 2008, he transitioned into comedy, directing the films "Pineapple Express" and "Your Highness", as well as episodes of the HBO comedy "Eastbound & Down". <P1-S2>  In 2013, he returned to his more dramatic roots with the independent film "Prince Avalanche". <P1-S3>  Since then, he has worked between the two genres, directing the films "Joe", "Manglehorn" and "Our Brand Is Crisis", and episodes of the television comedy-drama "Red Oaks", which he also executive produces. <P1-S4> David Gordon Green (born April 9, 1975) is an American filmmaker. <SEP> <P2-S0> Suresh Bhardwaj (born 15 March 1952 in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh) is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. <P2-S1>  Bhardwaj is a member of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Shimla constituency in Shimla district. <SEP> <P3-S0> Tim Orr (born 1968) is an American cinematographer known mostly for his work with director David Gordon Green.
Question: In what year was the director of a 1996 film starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes born?

<P0-S0> Catch Me If You Can: Music from the Motion Picture is the original soundtrack of the 2002 film of the same name, starring Leonardo DiCaprio, Tom Hanks, Christopher Walken, Martin Sheen and Amy Adams. <P0-S1>  The original score was composed by John Williams. <P0-S2>  The film was the twentieth collaboration between Williams and director Steven Spielberg. <SEP> <P1-S0> Michael W. Punke (born December 7, 1964) is an American writer, novelist, professor, policy analyst, policy consultant, attorney, and former Deputy United States Trade Representative and US Ambassador to the World Trade Organization in Geneva, Switzerland. <P1-S1>  He is currently the Vice President of Public Policy for Amazon Web Services. <P1-S2>  He is best known for writing "The Revenant: A Novel of Revenge" (2002), which was adapted into film as "The Revenant" (2015), directed by Alejandro González Iñárritu, with a screenplay by Iñárritu and Mark L. Smith, and starring Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hardy. <SEP> <P2-S0> " (2001). <P2-S1>  His 2008 film "Australia" is an epic historical romantic drama film starring Hugh Jackman and Nicole Kidman. <P2-S2>  His 2013 drama "The Great Gatsby", based on F. Scott Fitzgerald's 1925 novel of the same name, stars Leonardo DiCaprio (whom he also used in "Romeo + Juliet") and Tobey Maguire. <P2-S3> Mark Anthony "Baz" Luhrmann ( ; born 17 September 1962) is an Australian film director, screenwriter and producer best known for "Red Curtain Trilogy", comprising his romantic comedy film "Strictly Ballroom" (1992), the romantic drama "Romeo + Juliet" (1996), and the pastiche-jukebox musical "Moulin Rouge! <SEP> <P3-S0>  The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet, who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her, despite their being members of the Montague and Capulet family; Brian Dennehy, John Leguizamo, Pete Postlethwaite, Paul Sorvino, and Diane Venora star in supporting roles. <P3-S1> William Shakespeare's Romeo + Juliet (shortened to Romeo + Juliet) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed, co-produced, and co-written by Baz Luhrmann, co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli, and co-written by Craig Pearce, being an adaptation and modernization of William Shakespeare's tragedy "Romeo and Juliet".
Question: Who wrote the seventh episode of the second season of the animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane, Mike Barker, and Matt Weitzman?

<P0-S0> The following is a list of guest stars in the Fox animated television series "American Dad! <P0-S1> " in alphabetical order by first name. <P0-S2>  The series was created by Seth MacFarlane (Family Guy), Mike Barker and Matt Weitzman, who all also serve as executive producers. <SEP> <P1-S0> "American Dad!s fifth season"' originally aired on the Fox network from September 28, 2008, to May 17, 2009. <P1-S1>  It consisted of twenty episodes and was released as two DVD box sets and in syndication. " <P1-S2> American Dad! <P1-S3> " follows the dysfunctional Smith family—father Stan, mother Francine, daughter Hayley, son Steve, the pet fish Klaus, and extraterrestrial alien Roger, all of whom reside in their hometown of Langley Falls, Virginia. <P1-S4>  Season 5, which premiered with the episode "1600 Candles" and ended with "Stan's Night Out", was executive produced by David Zuckerman, Kenny Schwartz, Rick Wiener, Richard Appel, Matt Weitzman, Mike Barker, and series creator Seth MacFarlane. <P1-S5>  Weitzman and Barker served as the season's showrunners. <SEP> <P2-S0> ". <P2-S1>  It aired on Fox in the United States on November 20, 2005, and is written by Brian Boyle and directed by John Aoshima. <P2-S2> "Stannie Get Your Gun" is the seventh episode of the second season and the fourteenth overall episode of the animated comedy series "American Dad! <SEP> <P3-S0> American Dad! <P3-S1>  is an American adult animated sitcom created by Seth MacFarlane, Mike Barker, and Matt Weitzman for the Fox Broadcasting Company. <P3-S2>  "American Dad!" <P3-S3>  is the first television series to have its inception on Animation Domination. <P3-S4>  The series premiere aired on February 6, 2005, following Super Bowl XXXIX, three months before the rest of the first season aired as part of the Animation Domination block, commencing on May 1, 2005.
Question: What Italian Violinist wrote "La Fiamma" and other Operas?

<P0-S0> Sebastian Grabowiecki (c. 1543 – 1607) was a Polish Catholic priest and poet. <P0-S1>  He was the author of "Setnik rymów duchownych" and "Setnik rymów duchownych wtóry" ("Spiritual Rhymes" parts 1 and 2). <P0-S2>  His work, focused entirely on religious themes (like George Herbert's), was strongly influenced by Italian poetry, especially by "Rime Spirituali" by Gabriele Fiamma. <P0-S3>  One of the founding fathers of Polish lyric poetry, Grabowiecki was one of the first poets to write sonnets in Polish. <P0-S4>  Thus he holds a position comparable to Thomas Wyatt, Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey and Portuguese poet Francisco de Sá de Miranda, who introduced the sonnet into their native literatures. <P0-S5>  He also wrote the first Polish poem in ottava rima, and was an early adopter of the Sapphic stanza in Polish poetry. <P0-S6>  His best-known poem is a sonnet (based on one of Fiamma's) similar to Philip Sidney's Sonnet 89 from "Astrophel and Stella" ("Now that of absence the most irksome night"), with the use of epistrophe (repetition of end-words) instead of rhyme. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Fountain of Valle Giulia is a fountain in the Valle Giulia area of Rome. <P1-S1>  It was immortalised in the symphonic poem "Fontane di Roma" by Ottorino Respighi. <SEP> <P2-S0>  His musicological interest in 16th-, 17th- and 18th-century music led him to compose pieces based on the music of these periods. <P2-S1>  He also wrote several operas, the most famous being "La fiamma". <P2-S2> Ottorino Respighi (] ; 9 July 187918 April 1936) was an Italian violinist, composer and musicologist, best known for his three orchestral tone poems "Fountains of Rome" (1916), "Pines of Rome" (1924), and "Roman Festivals" (1928). <SEP> <P3-S0> Pier Adolfo Tirindelli (1858–1937) was an Italian violinist and composer of operas and songs. <P3-S1>  He was a classmate and friend of Puccini, and later taught at the Liceo Benedetto Marcello in Venice and became conductor of the conservatory orchestra.
Question: A Cincinnati entrepreneur and coin collect was responsible for the issue of a coin to mark the 100th anniversary of Cleveland, Ohio that was struck in Philadelphia during which two years?

<P0-S0> Thomas Gatch Melish (October 28, 1876 – February 15, 1948) was a Cincinnati entrepreneur and coin collector. <P0-S1>  In the 1930s, Melish was responsible for two United States commemorative coin issues, the Cincinnati Musical Center half dollar and the Cleveland Centennial half dollar. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Sometimes known as the Cleveland Centennial Great Lakes Exposition half dollar, it was issued to mark the 100th anniversary of Cleveland, Ohio, as an incorporated city, and in commemoration of the Great Lakes Exposition, held in Cleveland in 1936. <P1-S1> The Cleveland Centennial half dollar is a commemorative United States half dollar struck at the Philadelphia Mint in 1936 and 1937, though all bear the earlier date. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Cincinnati Musical Center half dollar or Cincinnati Music Center half dollar is a commemorative 50-cent piece struck by the United States Bureau of the Mint in 1936. <P2-S1>  Produced with the stated purpose of commemorating the fiftieth anniversary of Cincinnati, Ohio as a center of music, it was conceived by Thomas G. Melish, a coin enthusiast who controlled the group which was allowed to buy the entire issue from the government, and who resold the pieces at high prices. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Tenpō Tsūhō (Kyūjitai: 天保通寳 /天保通寶 ; Shinjitai: 天保通宝 ) was an Edo period coin with a face value of 100 mon, originally cast in the 6th year of the Tenpō era (1835). <P3-S1>  The obverse of the coin reads “Tenpō” (天保 ) a reference to the era this coin was designed in, and “Tsūhō” (通寳 ) which means “circulating treasure” or currency. <P3-S2>  the Kaō is that of Gotō San'emon, a member of the Kinza mint's Gotō family (後藤家 ), descendants of Gotō Shozaburo Mitsutsugu, a metalworker and engraver from Kyoto appointed by Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu in 1601 to oversee the Edo mint of his shogunate and oversee its coinage. <P3-S3>  All mother coins were produced in Edo (present day Tokyo) before they were send to other mints where they would place the individual mint’s mark ("shirushi", 印 ) on the edge of the coin. <P3-S4>  The coin circulated for 35 years, and stopped being produced during the Meiji restoration after the introduction of the Japanese yen. <P3-S5>  Today these coins are now sold as “lucky charms” as well as being collected by numismatists.
Question: What is the name of the 1962 French film starring Corinne Marchand which portarys the actress waiting to hear of a medical diagnosis?

<P0-S0> Cléo from 5 to 7 (French: Cléo de 5 à 7 ) is a 1962 Left Bank film by Agnès Varda. <P0-S1>  The film is noted for its handling of several of the themes of existentialism, including discussions of mortality, the idea of despair, and leading a meaningful life. <P0-S2>  The story starts with a young singer, Florence "Cléo" Victoire, at 5pm on June 21, as she waits until 6:30pm to hear the results of a medical test that will possibly confirm a diagnosis of cancer. <P0-S3>  The film also has a strong feminine viewpoint belonging to French feminism and raises questions about how women are perceived, especially in French society. <P0-S4>  The role of mirrors are prevalent to symbolize self-obsession, which Cléo embodies. <SEP> <P1-S0> Corinne Marchand (born 4 December 1937 in Paris) is a French actress. <P1-S1>  She is best known for playing the pop singer Cléo in "Cléo from 5 to 7". <SEP> <P2-S0> Black Oxen is a 1923 American silent fantasy/romantic drama film starring Corinne Griffith, Conway Tearle and Clara Bow. <P2-S1>  Directed by Frank Lloyd, the film is based on the controversial and best-selling 1922 novel of the same name by Gertrude Atherton. <SEP> <P3-S0> Zebra is the American medical slang for arriving at an exotic medical diagnosis when a more commonplace explanation is more likely. <P3-S1>  It is shorthand for the aphorism coined in the late 1940s by Dr. Theodore Woodward, professor at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, who instructed his medical interns: "When you hear hoofbeats, think of horses not zebras". <P3-S2>  Since horses are common in Maryland while zebras are relatively rare, logically one could confidently guess that an animal making hoofbeats is probably a horse. <P3-S3>  By 1960, the aphorism was widely known in medical circles.
Question: Which of the two following vehicles has two motors, the Porsche 918 Spyder, or the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport?

<P0-S0>  The Spyder is powered by a naturally aspirated 4.6-litre V8 engine, developing 616 PS , with two electric motors delivering an additional 283 PS for a combined output of 899 PS . <P0-S1> The Porsche 918 Spyder is a mid-engined plug-in hybrid sports car by Porsche. <P0-S2>  The 918 Spyder's 6.8 kWh lithium-ion battery pack delivers an all-electric range of 12 mi under EPA's five-cycle tests. <P0-S3>  The car has a top speed of around 340 km/h . <SEP> <P1-S0> Witek was born in Rockledge, Florida. <P1-S1>  She later moved to Cocoa Beach, Florida, which presented her with the key to the city in August 2004. <P1-S2>  A sister of Delta Delta Delta Sorority, she graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in Public Relations in 2003, the third consecutive University of Florida alumna to win the Miss Florida USA crown. <P1-S3>  From 2003 to 2005, Witek was CEO and President of her own builders' supply company, Ampex Granite, which she discussed during her live interview for the Miss USA 2005 pageant. <P1-S4>  She has now worked for Porsche Cars North America since 2008 in different roles, and is currently the Porsche Exclusive - Personal Design Manager helping customers to personalize the interior and exterior designs of their vehicles, as well as managing several dealer sales incentives programs. <P1-S5>  She is also an integral part of the Porsche 918 Spyder sales program on the Client Relationship Team. <SEP> <P2-S0> The SSC Ultimate Aero is a mid-engined sports car that was produced by SSC North America (formerly known as Shelby SuperCars) from 2006 until 2013. <P2-S1>  The SSC Ultimate Aero held the title of the fastest production car in the world, according to the "Guinness World Records", from 2007 (when it was officially timed at 256.14 mph ) until the introduction of the Bugatti Veyron Super Sport in 2010. <P2-S2>  However, in April 2013, the Guinness World Records temporarily disqualified the Veyron's record time for a period of five days, due to concerns about electronic speed limiting changing the function of the car, thereby reinstating the Ultimate Aero as the fastest production car in the interim. <SEP> <P3-S0> The time it takes to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph (0 to 97 km/h or 0 to 27 m/s) is a commonly used performance measure for automotive acceleration in the United States and the United Kingdom. <P3-S1>  In the rest of the world, 0 to 100 km/h (0 to 62.1 mph) is used. <P3-S2>  Present performance cars are capable of going from 0 to 60 mph in under 6 seconds, while exotic cars can do 0 to 60 mph in between 3 and 4 seconds, whereas motorcycles have been able to achieve these figures with sub-500cc since the 1990s. <P3-S3>  The Bugatti Veyron Super Sport World Record Edition was, in 2010, the fastest production street legal car to reach 60 mph from a stop, taking about 2.46 seconds. <P3-S4>  The fastest automobile in 2015 was the Porsche 918 Spyder, which is a hybrid vehicle taking 2.2 seconds to accelerate from 0 to 60.
Question: What former Governor of New Zealand proclaimed and named one of the 49 South Australian counties after an early Australian explorer?

<P0-S0>  By political philosophy a Gladstonian liberal and Georgist, Grey eschewed the class system for the prosaic life of Auckland's new governance he helped to establish. <P0-S1> Sir George Grey, KCB (14 April 1812 – 19 September 1898) was a British soldier, explorer, Governor of South Australia, twice Governor of New Zealand, Governor of Cape Colony (South Africa), the 11th Premier of New Zealand and a writer. <SEP> <P1-S0> The County of Grey is one of the 49 counties of South Australia. <P1-S1>  It was proclaimed in 1846 by Governor Frederick Robe and named for former Governor George Grey. <P1-S2>  It covers the extreme south-east of the state from Penola and Lake George southwards. <P1-S3>  This includes the following contemporary local government areas of the state: <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was proclaimed by Governor George Grey in the 1840s and named for early Australian explorer, Charles Sturt. <P2-S1>  It stretches from the Bremer River and eastern slopes of the Adelaide Hills at Nairne and Tungkillo to the Murray River in the east and in the south, the portion of Lake Alexandrina north of a line from Point Sturt to Pomanda Island. <P2-S2>  This includes the west-of-river parts of the contemporary local government areas of the Mid Murray Council and Murray Bridge City. <P2-S3> The County of Sturt is one of the 49 counties of South Australia. <SEP> <P3-S0> The County of Gawler is one of the 49 counties of South Australia. <P3-S1>  It was proclaimed by Governor George Grey and named for the former Governor George Gawler. <P3-S2>  It is bounded by the Wakefield River in the north, Gulf St Vincent in the west, the approximate path of Horrocks Highway in the east, and the Gawler River in the south.
Question: Which English band was formed first, The The or Razorlight?

<P0-S0>  They have been active in various forms since 1979, with singer/songwriter Matt Johnson being the only constant band member. <P0-S1>  The The achieved critical acclaim and commercial success in the UK, with 15 chart singles (seven reaching the Top 40), and their most successful album, "Infected" (1986), spent 30 weeks on the chart. <P0-S2>  They followed this with the Top Ten albums "Mind Bomb" (1989) and "Dusk" (1993). <P0-S3> The The (pronunciation: ) are an English post-punk band. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Somewhere Else" is a song by English indie rock band Razorlight, and was featured as a bonus track on the 2005 re-release of their debut album "Up All Night". <P1-S1>  It was their first new material following that album and became their biggest hit to date in the United Kingdom at the time when released as a single, debuting at number two in the UK Singles Chart, only to be bettered by "America" which later charted at number one in October 2006. <P1-S2>  In 2007, the lyrics: ""and I met a girl/She asked me my name/I told her what it was"", were voted the third worst lyrics of all time. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The band are primarily known in the UK, having topped the charts with the 2006 single "America" and its parent self-titled album, their second. <P2-S1> Razorlight is an English indie rock band formed in 2002 by lead singer and rhythm guitarist Johnny Borrell. <P2-S2>  Along with Borrell, the current lineup of the band consists of drummer David Sullivan Kaplan, lead guitarist Gus Robertson, and bassist João Mello. <SEP> <P3-S0> Fall of Because was an English band formed in 1982 in Birmingham by bass guitarist G. C. Green and guitarist Paul Neville. <P3-S1>  The band, also featuring Justin Broadrick on drums, is known for paving way to the pioneering industrial metal band Godflesh, which formed in 1988 by Green and Broadrick following the disbandment of Fall of Because in 1987.
Question: What is this law that originally comprised seven articles that entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers in the United States, whose clause was reaffirmed by the decision from Lambert v. Yellowley?

<P0-S0> Adair v. United States, 208 U.S. 161 (1908) , was a US labor law case of the United States Supreme Court which declared that bans on "yellow-dog" contracts (that forbade workers from joining labor unions) were unconstitutional. <P0-S1>  The decision reaffirmed the doctrine of freedom of contract which was first recognized by the Court in "Allgeyer v. Louisiana" (1897). <P0-S2>  For this reason, "Adair" is often seen as defining what has come to be known as the "Lochner" era, a period in American legal history in which the Supreme Court tended to invalidate legislation aimed at regulating business. <SEP> <P1-S0> The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States of America. <P1-S1>  Its first three articles entrench the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. <P1-S2>  Articles Four, Five and Six entrench concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments and of the states in relationship to the federal government. <P1-S3>  The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. <P1-S4>  Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it. <SEP> <P2-S0> The No Religious Test Clause of the United States Constitution is a clause within Article VI, Section 3. <P2-S1>  By its plain terms, no federal office holder or employee can be required to adhere to or accept any particular religion or doctrine as a prerequisite to holding a federal office or a federal government job. <P2-S2>  It immediately follows a clause requiring all federal and state officers to take an oath or affirmation to support the Constitution. <P2-S3>  This clause contains the only explicit reference to religion in the original seven articles of the U.S. Constitution. <SEP> <P3-S0> Lambert v. Yellowley, 272 U.S. 581 (1926) , was a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States that reaffirmed the National Prohibition Act's limitation on the dispensation of alcoholic medicines. <P3-S1>  The five-to-four decision, written by Justice Louis D. Brandeis, affirmed the dismissal of a suit in which New York City physician Samuel Lambert sought to prevent Edward Yellowley, the acting federal prohibition director, from enforcing the Prohibition Act so as to preclude him from prescribing alcoholic medicines. <P3-S2>  The decision affirmed the police powers of the individual states, as well as the power of the Necessary and Proper Clause of the United States Constitution, which was cited in upholding the Prohibition Act's limitations as a necessary and proper implementation of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Question: In what year did the film release that introduced the titular extraterrestrial race that duels with Batman in the comic book crossover "Batman Versus Predator"?

<P0-S0> "Batman: No Man’s Land" is an American comic book crossover storyline that ran for almost all of 1999 through the "Batman" comic book titles published by DC Comics. <P0-S1>  The story architecture for "No Man's Land" and the outline of all the Batman continuity titles for 1999 were written by cartoonist Jordan B. Gorfinkel. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Produced by 20th Century Fox, the series started in 1987 with the film "Predator", which led to two sequels and novel, comic book and video game spin-offs. <P1-S1> The Predator film series is a science fiction action horror film franchise based on a race of fictional extraterrestrials created by Jim Thomas and John Thomas. <P1-S2>  Related to the franchise is the "Alien vs. Predator", which combine the titular Predator with the creatures from the "Alien" film series. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was written by Dave Gibbons with art by Andy and Adam Kubert, and was published by DC Comics and Dark Horse Comics in 1991. <P2-S1>  Adam Kubert won an Eisner Award in 1992 for his contribution. <P2-S2> Batman Versus Predator is a comic book crossover featuring a duel between Batman and a member of the titular extraterrestrial race from the "Predator" film franchise. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Batplane, Batwing, Batjet or Batgyro is the fictional aircraft for the DC Comics superhero Batman. <P3-S1>  The vehicle was introduced in "Batman Versus The Vampire, I", published in "Detective Comics" #31 in 1939, a story which saw Batman travel to continental Europe. <P3-S2>  In this issue it was referred to as the "Batgyro", and according to Les Daniels was "apparently inspired by Igor Sikorsky's first successful helicopter flight" of the same year. <P3-S3>  Initially based upon either an autogyro or helicopter, with a rotor, the Batgyro featured a bat motif at the front. <P3-S4>  The writers gave the Batgyro the ability to be "parked" in the air by Batman, hovering in such a way as to maintain its position and allow Batman to return.
Question: What American ballet dancer and principal dancer with the American Ballet Theatre, also starred as a "dance double" for Natalie Portman in the 2010 movie Black Swan?

<P0-S0> Cynthia Harvey (born May 17, 1957) is an American dance teacher and former ballet dancer. <P0-S1>  She was a principal dancer for the American Ballet Theatre. <P0-S2>  Harvey was born in California, and joined American Ballet Theatre in 1974. <P0-S3>  Her roles included Odette/Odile in "Swan Lake". <P0-S4>  While Mikhail Baryshnikov was the artistic director at ABT, she performed as the prima ballerina in Baryshnikov's filmed production of "Don Quixote". <SEP> <P1-S0>  After the 83rd Academy Awards, in which Portman won the Oscar for Best Actress for her role in the film as a ballerina, controversy arose over how much credit for the dancing in the film was being given to her and how much to her "dance double", American Ballet Theatre soloist Sarah Lane. <P1-S1> "Black Swan" is a 2010 American psychological thriller film about a ballet dancer directed by Darren Aronofsky and starring Natalie Portman, Vincent Cassel, and Mila Kunis. <SEP> <P2-S0> Sarah Lane (born August 3, 1983/1984) is an American ballet dancer and a principal dancer with American Ballet Theatre (ABT). <SEP> <P3-S0> Ray Barra (born January 3, 1930) is an American former ballet dancer, a ballet master and ballet director. <P3-S1>  He was a soloist with the American Ballet Theatre and a principal dancer of the Stuttgart Ballet, where he created parts in creations by John Cranko, including Romeo in "Romeo and Juliet" with Marcia Haydée as Julia. <P3-S2>  After retiring from the stage due to an injury, he worked as a ballet master with the Berlin State Ballet, the ballet of the Frankfurt Opera, the Hamburg Ballet and the Spanish National Dance Company.
Question: which magazine is most like Playboy, Woman's Day or Gallery? 

<P0-S0>  It is one of the more popular "skin" magazines that arose on the "Playboy" magazine pattern in the 1970s. <P0-S1> Gallery is a men's magazine published by Magna Publishing Group. <SEP> <P1-S0> Playboy Enterprises, Inc. is an American privately held global media and lifestyle company headquartered in Beverly Hills, California. <P1-S1>  It was founded by Hugh Hefner to initially manage the "Playboy" magazine empire. <P1-S2>  The company is structured with two primary business segments: Media (which manages content for print, digital, social, mobile, TV and radio platforms) and Licensing (which licenses the Playboy name, Rabbit Head design and other trademarks, logos and images for use in connection with consumer goods, venues and events). <P1-S3>  Today, Playboy Enterprises, Inc., together with its subsidiaries, engages in the development and distribution of content, products and high-profile events that embody both “eroticism and fine art.” <P1-S4>  The Playboy rabbit logo is one of the most widely recognized and popular brands in the world. <SEP> <P2-S0> Linda Duvall is a Canadian artist and educator based in Saskatchewan and Toronto. <P2-S1>  Her social art projects, exhibitions and research have taken up questions of conscience, truth, and the nature of interpersonal relationships, particularly as they are enacted through conversation. <P2-S2>  Her art employs photography, video, installation, performance art, and community-based research including Internet-based archiving. <P2-S3>  They often feature invitations for individuals or groups to participate in specific tasks involving conversation or expression. <P2-S4>  Overall Duvall's work investigates speech acts (such as, confessions, gossip and expressions of regret), the nature of truth, the process of grieving, intimacy and vulnerability. <P2-S5>  Her solo exhibitions have been hosted by Art Gallery of Hamilton, Dunlop Art Gallery, Art Gallery of Mississauga, Museo Nacional de Arte Moderno Guatemala City, Custom House Gallery Westport Ireland, Box Hotel Gallery Barcelona and Thunder Bay Art Gallery. <P2-S6>  She has served on a number of boards of artist-run organizations including, Paved Arts, Red Head Gallery, The Photographer's Gallery (now known as PAVED Arts), "BlackFlash" Magazine. <SEP> <P3-S0>  The print edition is one of the Seven Sisters magazines. <P3-S1> Woman's Day is an American women's magazine that covers such topics as homemaking, food, nutrition, physical fitness, physical attractiveness, and fashion. <P3-S2>  The magazine was first published in 1931 by The Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Company; the current publisher is Hearst Corporation.
Question: Who was the improv partner of the director of Postcards from the Edge?

<P0-S0> The Improv is a comedy club franchise. <P0-S1>  Originally, it was a single venue founded in 1963 by Budd Friedman and located in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of New York City on West 44th near the SE corner of 9th Ave. A second location was opened in 1974 at 8162 Melrose Avenue in the Fairfax District of Los Angeles, California (the old location of the Ash Grove). <P0-S2>  In 1979 Mark Lonow became a general partner and with Budd Friedman ran the Melrose club and oversaw the expansion of the single room as it became a successful chain. <P0-S3>  In 1982 the LA Improv became the original site for the A&E Network television series "An Evening at the Improv", running from 1982 until 1996, and was produced by Larry O'Daly, created by O'Daly and Barbara Hosie-O'Daly, with Budd Friedman as a warm-up host. <P0-S4>  Other locations have opened since then, such as in Tampa, Florida, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Atlantic City, and Louisville, Kentucky. <P0-S5>  Levity Entertainment Group is the largest shareholder of The Improv comedy clubs. <SEP> <P1-S0> Darren Press is an American film director and film producer from New York. <P1-S1>  He attended Boston University and California Western School of Law in San Diego. <P1-S2>  When he returned to New York City, he studied and performed with the improv troupe Satire on Broadway and met his wife, writer/director/actress C. Fraser Press, who was also performing with the troupe. <P1-S3>  Press later became the managing director and Director for Gotham City Improv a former affiliate of The Groundlings and then became the managing director of the Melting Pot Theatre Company. <P1-S4>  He currently is a partner in the film, TV and theatre production company A May Sky Picture Entertainment. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was later adapted by Fisher herself into a motion picture of the same name, which was directed by Mike Nichols and released by Columbia Pictures in 1990. <P2-S1> Postcards from the Edge is a semi-autobiographical novel by Carrie Fisher, first published in 1987. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mike Nichols (born Mikhail Igor Peschkowsky; November 6, 1931 – November 19, 2014) was an American film and theatre director, producer, actor and comedian. <P3-S1>  He was noted for his ability to work across a range of genres and an aptitude for getting the best out of actors regardless of their acting experience. <P3-S2>  Nichols began his career in the 1950s with the comedy improvisational troupe, The Compass Players, predecessor of The Second City, in Chicago. <P3-S3>  He then teamed up with his improv partner, Elaine May, to form the comedy duo Nichols and May. <P3-S4>  Their live improv acts were a hit on Broadway resulting in three albums, with their debut album winning a Grammy Award.
Question: What 1996 Grammy award winning musical did Bill Berry direct at The 5th Avenue Theater in Seattle?

<P0-S0>  Berry served as associate producing artistic director and casting director from 2002 through 2009. <P0-S1>  During that time, he directed productions of West Side Story (Seattle Times Footlight Award), Wonderful Town (Seattle Times Footlight Award, The Wizard of Oz, and Smokey Joe's Cafe. <P0-S2>  He will make his Broadway directing debut this summer as "First Date the Musical" moves into the Longacre Theatre. <P0-S3> Bill Berry is the American Producing Director for The 5th Avenue Theatre in Seattle, Washington. <P0-S4>  Berry’s directing work has been seen at theaters across the country, most recently at New Jersey’s Paper Mill Playhouse where he directed a critically acclaimed production of On the Town. <SEP> <P1-S0> David Armstrong (Director) is the Executive Producer and Artistic Director of The 5th Avenue Theatre in Seattle. <P1-S1>  Since his appointment in 2000, he has guided The 5th Avenue to a position as one of the nation's leading musical theater companies, acclaimed for both its development and production of new works and its innovative stagings of classic musicals. <P1-S2>  As a director, he staged 5th Avenue productions of Jacques Brel is Alive and Well & Living in Paris; A Room With a View; Oliver! <P1-S3> , Candide, , HAIR, A Little Night Music, Company, Hello, Dolly! <P1-S4> , Anything Goes, MAME, Pippin, The Secret Garden, Vanities, White Christmas, The Rocky Horror Show, Yankee Doodle Dandy and Saving Aimee. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Blue" is a song released in 1958 by Bill Mack, an American songwriter-country artist and country radio disc jockey. <P2-S1>  It has since been covered by several artists, in particular by country singer LeAnn Rimes, whose 1996 version became a hit. <P2-S2>  The song won Mack the 1996 Grammy Award for Best Country Song, a 1996 Academy of Country Music Award for Song of the Year, a 1997 Country Music Association Awards nomination for Song of the Year, a 1997 Country Radio Music Awards nomination for Song of the Year, and is included on the CMT list of the top 100 country songs of all time. <P2-S3>  Rimes' rendition won the 1996 Grammy for Best Female Country Vocal Performance. <SEP> <P3-S0> Smokey Joe's Cafe is a musical revue showcasing 39 pop standards, including rock and roll and rhythm and blues songs written by songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. <P3-S1>  The Original Broadway cast recording, "Smokey Joe's Cafe: The Songs Of Leiber And Stoller", won a Grammy award in 1996.
Question: Where was the actress who starred next to Stuart Whitman in the movie "The Fiercest Heart" raised after World War II?

<P0-S0> Koustogerako (Greek: Κουστογέρακο) is a small village in Chania regional unit on the island of Crete, Greece. <P0-S1>  It has 76 residents (2001 census ) and it belongs to the municipal unit of East Selino ("Anatoliko Selino"). <P0-S2>  The village is built in a wild, beautiful position, at an elevation of 510m. <P0-S3>  Deep gorges and steep mountain cliffs surround the village. <P0-S4>  Southwest of the village at a height of 200 m. is the cave of Cyclops, possibly related to the namesake tale found in Homer's Odyssey. <P0-S5>  Koustogerako has a notable history. <P0-S6>  It was burned twice by the Venetians for being the birthplace of Kantanoleon (a famous rebel who fought against the Venetians) and once again in 1821 by the Turks. <P0-S7>  Finally, the Nazis razed Koustogerako, because it was a partizan resistance center against the Germans in World War II. <P0-S8>  The villagers of Koustogerako gave some of the fiercest and most renowned guerrilla fights, resisting the Nazi occupation. <P0-S9>  In 1943, the Germans scourged the villages of Moni, Livadas and Koustogerako. <P0-S10>  They herded about thirty five women and children of Koustogerako lined them up in front of a machine gun. <P0-S11>  Ten men had climbed the rocks above the village from where they managed to kill eight Nazis soldiers including the machine-gunner, after he had killed five people. <P0-S12>  The Nazis fled but returned the next day and destroyed the whole village. <P0-S13>  There is currently a memorial in place, with a big black statue of a partisan. <P0-S14>  Koustogerako is also a starting point for mountain walks on Lefka Ori. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It is set in 1830s South Africa. <P1-S1> The Fiercest Heart is a 1961 film starring Stuart Whitman and Juliet Prowse, also featuring 1960 Summer Olympics decathlon champion Rafer Johnson. <SEP> <P2-S0>  She was raised in South Africa, where her family emigrated after World War II. <P2-S1> Juliet Anne Prowse (September 25, 1936 – September 14, 1996) was an Anglo-Indian dancer, whose four-decade career included stage, television and film. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sir Philip Stuart Milner-Barry (20 September 1906 – 25 March 1995) was a British chess player, chess writer, World War II codebreaker and civil servant. <P3-S1>  He represented England in chess both before and after World War II. <P3-S2>  He worked at Bletchley Park during World War II, and was head of "Hut 6", a section responsible for deciphering messages which had been encrypted using the German Enigma machine. <P3-S3>  He was one of four leading codebreakers at Bletchley to petition the then-Prime Minister Winston Churchill directly for more resources for their work. <P3-S4>  After the war he worked in the Treasury, and later administered the British honours system. <P3-S5>  In chess, he represented England in international tournaments, and lent his name to three opening variations.
Question: Heldeberg Designs was headquartered in a village whose name means what?

<P0-S0>  The village is in the western part of the town. <P0-S1>  The population was 1,720 at the 2010 census. <P0-S2> Altamont is a village located in the town of Guilderland in Albany County, New York. <P0-S3>  The name means "high mountain." <SEP> <P1-S0> The Heldeberg Convertible, also called the Blue Heron Convertible, is an American powered parachute, that was designed and produced by Heldeberg Designs of Altamont, New York. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Heldeberg Marathon, also called the Blue Heron Marathon, is an American powered parachute, that was designed and produced by Heldeberg Designs of Altamont, New York. <SEP> <P3-S0>  The company specialized in powered parachutes. <P3-S1> Heldeberg Designs was an American aircraft manufacturer, headquartered in Altamont, New York.
Question: What Austrian-born composer and conductor wrote a show in which Cyril Ritchard appeared with Peter Graves?

<P0-S0> Mark "Moose" Charlap (December 19, 1928 – July 8, 1974) was an American Broadway composer best known for "Peter Pan" (1954), for which Carolyn Leigh wrote the lyrics. <P0-S1>  The idea for the show came from Jerome Robbins, who planned to have a few songs by Charlap and Leigh. <P0-S2>  It evolved into a full musical, with additional songs by Jule Styne and Betty Comden and Adolph Green. <P0-S3>  On Broadway, starred Mary Martin as Peter Pan and Cyril Ritchard as Captain Hook. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He is probably best remembered today for his performance as Captain Hook in the Mary Martin musical production of "Peter Pan". <P1-S1>  In 1945, he played Gabriele Eisenstein in "Gay Rosalinda" at the Palace theatre in London, a version of Strauss's "Die Fledermaus" by Erich Wolfgang Korngold in which he appeared with Peter Graves. <P1-S2>  The show was conducted by Richard Tauber and ran for almost a year. <P1-S3> Cyril Ritchard (1 December 1898 – 18 December 1977) was an Australian stage, screen and television actor, and director. <SEP> <P2-S0> Erich Wolfgang Korngold (May 29, 1897 – November 29, 1957) was an Austrian-born composer and conductor. <P2-S1>  A child prodigy, he became one of the most important and influential composers in the history of Hollywood. <P2-S2>  He was a noted pianist and composer of classical music, along with music for Hollywood films, and the first composer of international stature to write Hollywood scores. <SEP> <P3-S0> Edmund Meisel (14 August 1894 – 14 November 1930) was an Austrian-born composer. <P3-S1>  He wrote the score to Walter Ruttmann's "" (1927), "The Battleship Potemkin" (1925), and other films of Sergei Eisenstein. <P3-S2>  Meisel was one of the more important and pioneering figures in film music. <P3-S3>  Much of his work and the evidence of his significance was lost for more than fifty years.
Question: What British columnist and restaurant critic for "The Times" newspaper presented The Supersizers Go... and The Supersizers Eat?

<P0-S0> Frank Anthony Bruni (born October 31, 1964) is an American journalist and long-time writer for "The New York Times". <P0-S1>  In June 2011, he was named an op-ed columnist for the newspaper, its first openly gay one. <P0-S2>  One of his many previous posts for the newspaper was as its chief restaurant critic, from 2004 to 2009. <P0-S3>  He is the author of three bestselling books: "Born Round", a memoir about his family's love of food and his own struggles with overeating; "Where You Go Is Not Who You'll Be", about the college admissions mania; and "Ambling Into History," about George W. Bush. <SEP> <P1-S0> Paul Greenberg is a bestselling American author focusing on ocean and environmental issues. <P1-S1>  His book, Four Fish: The Future of the Last Wild Food, was published in 2010 by Penguin Press on July 15, and entered the New York Times Best Selling Hard Cover List as of August 13. <P1-S2>  In addition to its commercial success the book received wide critical acclaim, most notably on the cover of the New York Times Book Review by the Times' restaurant critic Sam Sifton "a necessary book," Sifton wrote, "for anyone truly interested in what we take from the sea to eat, and how". <P1-S3>  The book won the 2011 James Beard Award for writing and literature . <P1-S4>  Many of the themes in Four Fish were later explored in a 2017 Frontline PBS documentary Greenberg anchored and co-wrote called The Fish On My Plate . <P1-S5>  Greenberg's 2015 TED Talk has received over a million views. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Supersizers Go... and The Supersizers Eat... are BBC television series about the history of food, mainly in Britain. <P2-S1>  Both are presented by journalist and restaurant critic Giles Coren and broadcaster and comedian Sue Perkins. <SEP> <P3-S0>  He was named Food and Drink Writer of the Year at the British Press Awards in 2005. <P3-S1>  He has co-starred with Sue Perkins in "Edwardian Supersize Me" and "The Supersizers Go" series for the BBC. <P3-S2> Giles Coren (born 29 July 1969) is a British columnist and restaurant critic for "The Times" newspaper and has written various articles for the "Independent on Sunday", "Tatler" and "GQ" in the past. <P3-S3>  His first novel, "Winkler", was published in 2005.