winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Which film has the director born earlier, The Eagle'S Feather or Old Bill And Son?

<P0-S0> Beamus Pierce aka Eagle Feather was a professional football player who played in the National Football League during the 1922 and 1923 seasons. <P0-S1> He played college football at the Carlisle Indian School, located in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, before joining the NFL's Oorang Indians. <P0-S2> The Indians were a team based in LaRue, Ohio, composed only of Native Americans, and coached by Jim Thorpe. <P0-S3> Eagle Feather was a Mohican. <P0-S4> On October 8, 1922, Eagle Feather and teammate Joe Guyon made history by making the Indians the first team with two 100- yard rushers in one game. <P0-S5> That game Guyon ran for 116 yards and 2 touchdowns off of 13 carries. <P0-S6> Meanwhile, Eagle Feather ran for 109 yards on 16 carries for 1 touchdown as the Indians beat the Columbus Panhandles 20- 6. <P0-S7> During that game Eagle Feather's runs up the middle of the field were referred to as the main feature of the Oorang offense. <P0-S8> He also served the team as a blocking back for Guyon in 13- 6 loss to the Minneapolis Marines. <SEP> <P1-S0> It is executive produced by Alexander Korda for Legeran Films. <P1-S1> Old Bill and Son is a 1941 British black- and- white comedy war film directed by Ian Dalrymple and starring Morland Graham, John Mills, Mary Clare and Ronald Shiner as Herbert' Bert' Smith. <SEP> <P2-S0> Jacques Décombe is a French author, actor and director born in 1953. <SEP> <P3-S0> Edward Sloman( 19 July 1886, London- 29 September 1972, Woodland Hills, California) was an English silent film director, actor, screenwriter and radio broadcaster. <P3-S1> He directed over 100 films and starred in over 30 films as an actor between 1913 and 1938. <SEP> <P4-S0> It was produced and distributed by Metro Pictures. <P4-S1> The Eagle's Feather is a 1923 American silent romantic- western film directed by Edward Sloman and starring James Kirkwood and Mary Alden. <SEP> <P5-S0> Ian Dalrymple( 26 August 1903 – 28 March 1989) was a British screenwriter, film director, film editor and film producer.
Question: Do both films, Rakta Sindhuram and Wsród nocnej ciszy (film), have the directors who are from the same country?

<P0-S0> Tadeusz Chmielewski (7 June 1927 – 4 December 2016) was a Polish film director, screenwriter and film producer, most notable for being one of the pioneers of popular Polish comedy. <P0-S1> During World War II and until 1948, he was a soldier for the National Armed Forces and the Home Army. <SEP> <P1-S0> The film stars Chiranjeevi in the lead role and Radha and Kaikala Satyanarayana in important roles. <P1-S1> Rakta Sindhuram is a 1985 Telugu film directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy. <SEP> <P2-S0> His association with Chiranjeevi created blockbusters in multiple genres such as" Nyayam Kavali"( 1981)," Khaidi"( 1983)," Abhilasha"( 1983)," Goonda"( 1984)," Challenge"( 1984)," Donga"( 1985)," Rakshasudu"( 1986)," Pasivadi Pranam"( 1987)," Athaku Yamudu Ammayiki Mogudu"( 1989)," Kondaveeti Donga",( 1990)," Surya IPS"( 1991), and" Muta Mestri"( 1993). <P2-S1> Kodandarami Reddy( born July 1, 1950) is an Indian film director best known for his works in Telugu cinema. <P2-S2> In 2013 he received the" Bommireddy Narasimha Reddy National Award" for Life Time Achievement. <SEP> <P3-S0> I Want Your <P3-S1> Love is the title of both a 2010 short film and a 2012 feature- length film. <P3-S2> Both films were directed and written by Travis Mathews. <P3-S3> The drama films both revolve around the friends and ex-lovers of Jesse Metzger, a gay man in his mid-thirties who is forced to move back to his hometown from San Francisco due to financial reasons. <P3-S4> The actors' own names, along with much of their real- life stories, were used for their characters in both films, which features graphic sexual scenes. <P3-S5> The production of both films was aided by the gay pornographic studio NakedSword. <P3-S6> This led to the full- length film being refused exemption from classification, which would have allowed it to screen at the Melbourne Queer Film Festival, a decision to which actor James Franco( who invited Mathews to collaborate on Franco's film" Interior. Leather Bar.") reacted negatively. <SEP> <P4-S0> Wsród nocnej ciszy is a Polish motion picture directed by Tadeusz Chmielewski and released in 1978. <P4-S1> The screenplay, by Chmielewski, is based on the 1971 novel Příběh kriminálního rady by Ladislav Fuks. <SEP> <P5-S0> Void is a 2013 Lebanese drama film written by Georges Khabbaz and directed by seven different directors, who are all graduates from Notre Dame University. <P5-S1> The film was nominated as the Lebanese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards but it was not selected.
Question: Are the directors of both films Pyaar Ka Tarana and A Strange Guest from the same country?

<P0-S0> I Want Your <P0-S1> Love is the title of both a 2010 short film and a 2012 feature- length film. <P0-S2> Both films were directed and written by Travis Mathews. <P0-S3> The drama films both revolve around the friends and ex-lovers of Jesse Metzger, a gay man in his mid-thirties who is forced to move back to his hometown from San Francisco due to financial reasons. <P0-S4> The actors' own names, along with much of their real- life stories, were used for their characters in both films, which features graphic sexual scenes. <P0-S5> The production of both films was aided by the gay pornographic studio NakedSword. <P0-S6> This led to the full- length film being refused exemption from classification, which would have allowed it to screen at the Melbourne Queer Film Festival, a decision to which actor James Franco( who invited Mathews to collaborate on Franco's film" Interior. Leather Bar.") reacted negatively. <SEP> <P1-S0> The movie was written and directed by Dev Anand. <P1-S1> Pyar Ka Tarana is a 1993 Bollywood movie. <P1-S2> The movie starred Manu Gargi, Anita Ayoob, Mink Brar and Akshay Anand. <SEP> <P2-S0> Dharamdev Pishorimal Anand( 26 September 1923 – 3 December 2011), known as Dev Anand, was a noted Hindi film actor, writer, director and producer known for his work in Hindi films, through a career that spanned over six decades. <P2-S1> He is considered as one of the greatest and most influential actors in the history of Indian Cinema. <SEP> <P3-S0> A Strange Guest( German: Ein seltsamer Gast) is a 1936 German drama film directed by Gerhard Lamprecht and starring Alfred Abel, Ilse Petri and Kurt Fischer- Fehling. <P3-S1> The film's sets were designed by the art directors Kurt Dürnhöfer and Otto Moldenhauer. <SEP> <P4-S0> He directed 63 films between 1920 and 1958. <P4-S1> He also wrote for 26 films between 1918 and 1958. <P4-S2> Gerhard Lamprecht (6 October 1897 – 4 May 1974) was a German film director, screenwriter and film historian. <SEP> <P5-S0> György Dalos( born September 23, 1943) is a Hungarian Jewish writer and historian. <P5-S1> He is best known for his novel" 1985", and" The Guest from the Future: Anna Akhmatova and Isaiah Berlin".
Question: Which film has the director who is older, Unexpectedly Yours or What a Beautiful Surprise?

<P0-S0> Alessandro Genovesi (born 10 January 1973) is an Italian director, screenwriter, playwright and actor. <SEP> <P1-S0> It grossed $5,626,528 at the Italian box office. <P1-S1> What a Beautiful Surprise  is a 2015 Italian comedy film written and directed by Alessandro Genovesi and starring Claudio Bisio. <SEP> <P2-S0> She has also directed a few TV series, which aired on ABS-CBN. <P2-S1> Some of her films were considered top-grossers in the Philippines. <P2-S2> Her 2019 film, "Hello, Love, Goodbye", starring Kathryn Bernardo and Alden Richards, was released in July and has become the highest grossing Philippine film of all time. <P2-S3> Catherine Rosales Garcia-Molina (born November 28, 1971) is a Filipino film and television director best known for directing romantic comedy films produced and distributed by Star Cinema. <SEP> <P3-S0> The film marks the reunion of Cuneta and Padilla in the big-screen after 16 years since "Maging Sino Ka Man" (1991) and "Pagdating ng Panahon" (2001). <P3-S1> Unexpectedly Yours is a 2017 Philippine romantic comedy film directed by Cathy Garcia-Molina, starring Sharon Cuneta, Joshua Garcia, Julia Barretto and Robin Padilla. <P3-S2> This is also the third movie together of the loveteam of Julia Barretto and Joshua Garcia after two previous box-office hits namely "Vince and Kath and James" (2016) and "Love You to the Stars and Back" (2017). <P3-S3> The film was produced and released by Star Cinema on November 29, 2017. <SEP> <P4-S0> Rufus Norris( born 16 January 1965) is a British theatre and film director, who is currently the Artistic Director of the National Theatre. <SEP> <P5-S0> Elliot Silverstein( born August 3, 1927, in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American director, who is best known for being the director of the movie" Cat Ballou"( 1965).
Question: Which film has the director who died earlier, Portrait Of Jason or Simhadhwani?

<P0-S0> He had directed 20 Malayalam movies. <P0-S1> K. G. Rajasekharan( February 14, 1947- March 21, 2019) was an Indian film director in Malayalam movies. <P0-S2> He directed his debut movie" Padmatheertham" in 1978. <SEP> <P1-S0> The film stars Thilakan, Urvashi, Suresh Gopi and Mala Aravindan in the lead roles. <P1-S1> Simhadhwani is a 1992 Indian Malayalam film, directed by K. G. Rajasekharan. <P1-S2> The film has musical score by Kannur Rajan. <SEP> <P2-S0> In 2015, the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry, finding it" culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". <P2-S1> Portrait of Jason is a 1967 documentary film directed, produced and edited by Shirley Clarke and starring Jason Holliday( né Aaron Payne, 1924- 1998). <SEP> <P3-S0> She was also a director and editor of many famous works. <P3-S1> Shirley Clarke( October 2, 1919 – September 23, 1997) was an American experimental and independent filmmaker. <SEP> <P4-S0> Abhishek Saxena is an Indian Bollywood and Punjabi film director who directed the movie Phullu. <P4-S1> The Phullu movie was released in theaters on 16 June 2017, in which film Sharib Hashmi is the lead role. <P4-S2> Apart from these, he has also directed Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi film. <P4-S3> This film was screened in cinemas in 2014. <SEP> <P5-S0> Jack Stephen Burton( born June 28, 1970) is an American actor, best known for his portrayal of Jason Morgan on" General Hospital" from 1991 to 2012 and 2017 to present, and Dylan McAvoy on" The Young and the Restless" from 2013 to 2017. <P5-S1> He also voiced the character Cloud Strife in a wide range of Square Enix products, including and the" Kingdom Hearts" series. <P5-S2> In 2017, Burton returned to" General Hospital" in the role of Jason Morgan, under the alias of" Patient 6." <P5-S3> In 2019, he also briefly stepped into the role of Jason's twin Andrew Cain in various flashbacks that Hank" Shiloh" Archer( Coby Ryan McLaughlin) had.
Question: Which film has the director who was born earlier, Joyless Street or Vaettiya Madichu Kattu?

<P0-S0> Georg Wilhelm Pabst( 25 August 1885 – 29 May 1967) was an Austrian film director and screenwriter. <P0-S1> He started as an actor and theater director, before becoming one of the most influential German- language filmmakers during the Weimar Republic. <SEP> <P1-S0> Abhishek Saxena is an Indian Bollywood and Punjabi film director who directed the movie Phullu. <P1-S1> The Phullu movie was released in theaters on 16 June 2017, in which film Sharib Hashmi is the lead role. <P1-S2> Apart from these, he has also directed Patiala Dreamz, this is a Punjabi film. <P1-S3> This film was screened in cinemas in 2014. <SEP> <P2-S0> The film stars himself in lead role with his real- life son Shanthanu portraying his son with Nagma and Saikumar playing supporting roles. <P2-S1> Vaettiya Madichu Kattu is a 1998 Tamil film written and directed by K. Bhagyaraj. <P2-S2> The film was remade in Hindi as" Papa The Great"( 2000) and in Kannada as" Vishalakshammana Ganda"( 2001). <SEP> <P3-S0> He has also written and directed Telugu and Hindi films and TV serials. <P3-S1> As a actor, He has worked in more than 60 films and has directed more than 25 films. <P3-S2> He won a Filmfare Best Actor Award for" Mundhanai Mudichu"( 1983). <P3-S3> He is the editor of weekly magazine" Bhagya" and has also written several novels. <P3-S4> Krishnasaamy Bhagyaraj( born 7 January 1953) is an Indian director, actor, screenwriter, music director, producer and Politician active mainly in Tamil films. <SEP> <P4-S0> Joyless Street( 1925, exhibited in the U.S. as" The Street of Sorrow", in Britain as" The Joyless Street"), a film based on the novel by Hugo Bettauer and directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst in Germany, is one of the first films of the New Objectivity movement. <P4-S1> Greta Garbo stars in her second major role. <P4-S2> The film is often described as a morality story in which the' fallen woman' suffers for her sins, while the more virtuous is rewarded. <P4-S3> The film's sets were designed by the art directors Otto Erdmann and Hans Sohnle. <SEP> <P5-S0> Papa <P5-S1> The Great is a 2000 Indian Hindi- language drama film directed by K. Bhagyaraj. <P5-S2> A remake of his own Tamil film" Vaettiya Madichu Kattu"( 1998), it stars Krishan Kumar, Nagma and Master Bobby. <P5-S3> The film focuses on a meek man who lives a peaceful life with his wife and son. <P5-S4> However, things contort after he witnesses a murder committed by a dreaded gangster. <P5-S5> It was released on 28 July 2000 and failed commercially.
Question: Do both directors of films Slightly Tempted and Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana share the same nationality?

<P0-S0> The film stars Hugh Herbert, Peggy Moran, Johnny Downs, Elisabeth Risdon, George E. Stone and Gertrude Michael. <P0-S1> The film was released on October 18, 1940, by Universal Pictures. <P0-S2> Slightly Tempted is a 1940 American comedy film directed by Lew Landers and written by Arthur T. Horman. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mr. Right is a 2009 British film directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris. <P1-S1> The jointly- made gay- themed film is the debut for both directors. <SEP> <P2-S0> In a career spanning 25 years, he has performed and designed a wide range of dancing styles and has garnered two National Film Awards for Best Choreography. <P2-S1> He was also awarded the Padma Shri award in 2019 for his contributions to the art. <P2-S2> Prabhu Deva( born 3 April 1973) is an Indian dance choreographer, film director, producer and actor, who has worked predominantly in Tamil and Hindi language films. <P2-S3> Beginning with a series of acting roles in the 1990s and early 2000s, Prabhu Deva featured in several commercially successful films including" Kadhalan"( 1994)," Minsara Kanavu"( 1997) and" VIP"( 1997). <P2-S4> After further critically acclaimed performances in the comedy" Kaathala Kaathala"( 1998) and the family drama" Vanathai Pola"( 2000), Deva then failed to recreate the success of his earlier films and his box office value began to decline and he subsequently made appearances in supporting roles and low budget Telugu language films. <P2-S5> He then successfully ventured into direction with the 2005 Telugu film" Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana", and the success of the project prompted further offers for Deva as a director. <P2-S6> He then went on to make highly profitable films in Telugu, Hindi and Tamil languages such as" Pokkiri"( 2007)," Wanted"( 2009)," Rowdy Rathore"( 2012) and" Singh is Bling"( 2015). <SEP> <P3-S0> <P1-S0> Mr. Right is a 2009 British film directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris. <P3-S1> <P1-S1> The jointly- made gay- themed film is the debut for both directors. <SEP> <P4-S0> Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana( pronounced" Nuvvostānaṇṭē Nēnoddaṇṭānā"; is a 2005 Telugu- language romantic comedy film, starring Siddharth and Trisha. <P4-S1> The soundtrack was composed by Devi Sri Prasad. <P4-S2> The film won nine Filmfare Awards South and five Nandi Awards. <P4-S3> The film script has a loose resemblance with" Maine Pyaar Kiya" and" Son in Law". <P4-S4> The film's name was inspired by the song of the same name in the film" Varsham". <P4-S5> It is considered to be the first Indian movie to be remade in seven languages and also the only movie to win 9 Filmfare awards. <P4-S6> It marks the directorial debut of Prabhu Deva in Telugu film Industry. <SEP> <P5-S0> Lew Landers( born Louis Friedlander, January 2, 1901 – December 16, 1962) was an American independent film and television director.
Question: Do director of film Mountain Crystal and director of film La Signorina Ciclone have the same nationality?

<P0-S0> Peter Levin is an American director of film, television and theatre. <SEP> <P1-S0> He was a movie producer and director. <P1-S1> Born in Rome, Genina was a drama critic and wrote comedies for the" Il Mondo" Magazine, under advise of Aldo de Benedetti switches to movies for the" Film d' Arte Italiana", that produces his first film" La moglie di sua eccellenza". <P1-S2> In 1929 Genina moved to France to direct Louise Brooks in sonorized film" Miss Europe". <P1-S3> He studied sound techniques and worked in France and Germany in same but alternate languages film versions which were filmed simultaneously, before his return to Italy. <P1-S4> He won Venice Film Festival Mussolini's cup for Best Italian Film twice, in 1936 by" Lo squadrone bianco" and in 1940 by" The Siege of the Alcazar", both Fascist propaganda films. <P1-S5> Augusto Genina( 28 January 1892 – 18 September 1957) was an Italian film pioneer. <P1-S6> In 1953, he filmed" Three Forbidden Stories", another version of the real accident depicted by Giuseppe De Santis one year before in" Rome 11 o'clock Roma ore 11"). <SEP> <P2-S0> He is known for the films he made based on Edgar Wallace and Karl May books( see Karl May movies and Edgar Wallace movies) and also made mountain films, Heimatfilms, German war films and entries in such popular German film series as" Dr. MabuseJerry Cotton" and" Kommissar X". <P2-S1> Reinl began his career as an extra in the mountain films of Arnold Fanck. <P2-S2> He worked as screenwriter on the film" Tiefland" directed by and starring Leni Riefenstahl. <P2-S3> Reinl's first movie as director was the mountain film" Mountain Crystal"( 1949). <P2-S4> Harald Reinl( 8 July 1908 in Bad Ischl, Austria – 9 October 1986 in Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain) was an Austrian film director. <P2-S5> He was Oscar nominated for his documentary feature" Chariots of the Gods"( 1970). <P2-S6> By the 1970s, he had semi-retired to the Canary Islands. <P2-S7> In 1986, in his Tenerife retirement home, he was stabbed to death by Daniela Maria Delis, his alcoholic wife and a former actress from Czechoslovakia. <SEP> <P3-S0> La signorina Ciclone is a 1916 Italian film directed by Augusto Genina. <SEP> <P4-S0> Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV. <SEP> <P5-S0> Mountain Crystal( German: Bergkristall) is a 1949 Austrian- German historical drama film directed by Harald Reinl and featuring a cast of unknown actors including Franz Eichberger, Hans Renz and Cilli Greif. <P5-S1> It is a mountain film based on a novella of the same title by Adalbert Stifter. <P5-S2> The film's sets were designed by the Austrian art director Fritz Jüptner- Jonstorff. <P5-S3> It was the directorial debut of Reinl who went on to become a successful film director.
Question: Which film has the director born earlier, What'S Up Superdoc! or Sunset Of Power?

<P0-S0> It was produced by Michael L. Green. <P0-S1> What's Up Superdoc! is a 1978 British sex comedy film, directed by Derek Ford and starring Harry H. Corbett, Christopher Mitchell, Melvyn Hayes, Julia Goodman, Hughie Green, Bill Pertwee, Angela Grant, Chic Murray, Beth Porter and Sheila Steafel. <P0-S2> It was a sequel to the 1977 film" What's Up Nurse!", with Mitchell replacing Nicholas Field as the oversexed Dr. Todd. <P0-S3> Sex film star Mary Millington makes a brief appearance. <SEP> <P1-S0> He directed 159 films between 1926 and 1949. <P1-S1> Ray Taylor (1 December 1888 – 15 February 1952) was an American film director. <P1-S2> His debut was the 1926 film serial "Fighting with Buffalo Bill". <SEP> <P2-S0> What's Up Nurse! is a 1977 British sex comedy film directed by Derek Ford and starring Nicholas Field, Felicity Devonshire and John Le Mesurier. <P2-S1> It tells the story of the adventures of a young doctor in a hospital. <P2-S2> A sequel" What's Up Superdoc!" was released the following year, with Christopher Mitchell replacing Nicholas Field as Dr Todd. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sepideh Farsi is an Iranian film director, born in Tehran in 1965. <SEP> <P4-S0> Derek Ford( 6 September 1932, Essex – 19 May 1995) was an English film director and writer, most famous for sexploitation films such as" The Wife Swappers"( 1970)," Suburban Wives"( 1971)," Commuter Husbands"( 1972)," Keep It Up, Jack"( 1973)," Sex Express"( 1975)( also filmed in a graphic hardcore version)," What's Up Nurse!"( 1977) and" What's Up Superdoc!"( 1978). <SEP> <P5-S0> Sunset of Power is a 1936 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor, written by Earle Snell, and starring Buck Jones, Dorothy Dix, Charles Middleton, Donald Kirke, Ben Corbett and Charles King. <P5-S1> It was released on January 22, 1936, by Universal Pictures.
Question: Which film has the director who was born later, The World Gone Mad or The Raft Of The Dead?

<P0-S0> He directed 158 films between 1917 and 1957. <P0-S1> Carl Boese( 26 August 1887 – 6 July 1958) was a German film director, screenwriter and producer. <SEP> <P1-S0> Hassan Zee is a Pakistani- American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan. <SEP> <P2-S0> William Christy Cabanne( April 16, 1888 – October 15, 1950) was an American film director, screenwriter and silent film actor. <SEP> <P3-S0> It premiered in Munich on 4 March 1921. <P3-S1> The Raft of the Dead( German: Das Floss der Toten) is a 1921 German silent drama film directed by Carl Boese and starring Aud Egede- Nissen, Otto Gebühr and Frida Richard. <SEP> <P4-S0> Has the World Gone Mad! is a lost 1923 American silent society drama film produced by Daniel Carson Goodman and distributed through Equity Pictures. <P4-S1> Goodman also created the story and wrote the screenplay. <P4-S2> It was directed by J. Searle Dawley. <SEP> <P5-S0> The World Gone Mad( also released as The Public Be Hanged) is a 1933 American Pre- Code crime film directed by Christy Cabanne and starring Pat O' Brien, Evelyn Brent and Neil Hamilton. <P5-S1> It was made on a low- budget by the independent Majestic Pictures, a Poverty Row forerunner of Republic Pictures.
Question: Do both directors of films Rv (Film) and His Daughter Is Called Peter (1955 Film) have the same nationality?

<P0-S0> The film was a remake of a 1936 Austrian film of the same name. <P0-S1> Both films were based on a novel by Edith Zellweker. <P0-S2> It was made at the Schönbrunn Studios in Vienna. <P0-S3> His Daughter is Called Peter( German: Seine Tochter ist der Peter) is a 1955 Austrian drama film directed by Gustav Fröhlich and starring Sabine Eggerth, Wolf Albach- Retty and Josef Meinrad. <SEP> <P1-S0> He landed secondary roles in a number of films and plays before landing his breakthrough role of Freder Fredersen in Fritz Lang's 1927 film" Metropolis". <P1-S1> He remained a popular film star in Germany until the 1950s. <P1-S2> Gustav Fröhlich( 21 March 1902 – 22 December 1987) was a German actor and film director. <SEP> <P2-S0> Bob Munro and his dysfunctional family rent an RV for a road trip to the Colorado Rockies, where they ultimately have to contend with a bizarre community of campers. <P2-S1> RV( also known as Runaway Vacation) is a 2006 family road comedy film directed by Barry Sonnenfeld, produced by Lucy Fisher and Douglas Wick, written by Geoff Rodkey, and starring Robin Williams, Cheryl Hines, Joanna Levesque, Josh Hutcherson, Kristin Chenoweth, and Jeff Daniels. <P2-S2> It was released on April 28, 2006, in North America, and was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 15, 2006. <SEP> <P3-S0> His Daughter is Called Peter( German: Seine Tochter ist der Peter) is a 1936 Austrian drama film directed by Heinz Helbig and Willy Schmidt- Gentner and starring Karl Ludwig Diehl, Traudl Stark and Paul Hörbiger. <P3-S1> Stark was a child actor, considered a German- speaking answer to Hollywood's Shirley Temple. <P3-S2> The film was remade in 1955 with the same title. <SEP> <P4-S0> Barry Sonnenfeld( born April 1, 1953) is an American filmmaker and television director. <P4-S1> He originally worked as a cinematographer for the Coen brothers before directing films such as" The Addams Family"( 1991) and its sequel" Addams Family Values"( 1993) alongside the" Men in Black" trilogy( 1997 – 2012)," Wild Wild West"( 1999) and" Get Shorty"( 1995). <P4-S2> Sonnenfeld has collaborated with actor and singer Will Smith four times. <SEP> <P5-S0> Sepp Riff( 17 February 1928 – 12 February 2000) was an Austrian cinematographer. <P5-S1> He worked on a number of films and television series, including the 1955 comedy film" His Daughter is Called Peter".
Question: Do both directors of films Swami Ayyappan (1975 film) and Messidor (film) share the same nationality?

<P0-S0> Alain Tanner( born 6 December 1929) is a Swiss film director. <SEP> <P1-S0> Swami Ayyappan(" Lord Ayyappan") is a 1975 Indian bilingual film. <P1-S1> It stars Gemini Ganesan, Thikkurissi Sukumaran Nair, Master Raghu/ Karan, K. Balaji, Sekhar, Srividya, Unnimary, Lakshmi, Raghavan, Rani Chandra and Vinodini. <P1-S2> Directed and produced by P. Subramaniam, it was simultaneously shot in Malayalam and Tamil languages. <P1-S3> The film met with critical acclaim and became a box office success. <P1-S4> It won four Kerala State Film Awards. <SEP> <P2-S0> P. Subramaniam( 1910- 1979) was an Indian film director, producer, distributor, theatre owner, and mayor. <P2-S1> He is the founder of Merryland Studio( established in 1951), the second film studio in Kerala. <P2-S2> From mid-1950s to late 1970s, he has produced 69 films of which 59 films were directed by himself. <P2-S3> His" Kumara Sambhavam" won the first ever Kerala State Film Award for Best Film. <P2-S4> His" Rendangazhi" won the National Award. <P2-S5> He contributed the proceedings from his movie" Swamy Ayyappan" for the development of Sabarimala in Kerala on which he constructed a road named as Swamy Ayappan road. <P2-S6> He contributions in cinema has significantly developed Malayalam cinema, by starting cinema exhibition houses, distributions, film studio, production company for making films with both devotional and social themes. <P2-S7> His venture Merryland Studio( established in 1951) was the second film production studio of Kerala, after its major competitor Udaya Studio. <P2-S8> The films were produced under the banner of Neela Productions. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mr. Right is a 2009 British film directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris. <P3-S1> The jointly- made gay- themed film is the debut for both directors. <SEP> <P4-S0> Messidor is a 1979 French- Swiss drama film directed by Alain Tanner. <P4-S1> It was entered into the 29th Berlin International Film Festival. <SEP> <P5-S0> Swami Ayyappan is a 2012 animated Indian film about the legend of Swami Ayyappan. <P5-S1> It is the first animated portrayal of Ayyappan. <P5-S2> The 90- minute film, produced through a collaboration of Toonz Animation India and Animagic Motion Pictures Production, was planned to be released in theatres in the Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada and Telugu languages. <P5-S3> Mahesh Vettiyar wrote the story, and co-directed the film with Chetan Sharma. <P5-S4> P. Jayakumar served as executive producer.
Question: Which film has the director who was born first, The Wrong Road or Reign Behind A Curtain?

<P0-S0> James Cruze( born Jens Vera Cruz Bosen, March 27, 1884 near Ogden, Utah – August 3, 1942 in Hollywood, California) was a silent film actor and film director. <SEP> <P1-S0> The film is now in the public domain. <P1-S1> The Wrong Road is a 1937 American crime drama film directed by James Cruze and starring Richard Cromwell, Helen Mack, and Lionel Atwill. <SEP> <P2-S0> Sequel to" The Burning of Imperial Palace", this film tells the story of Cixi's consolidation of power. <P2-S1> It stars Liu Xiaoqing as Empress Dowager Cixi, Chan Wah as Empress Dowager Ci'an and Tony Leung Ka-fai as the Xianfeng Emperor. <P2-S2> The film was nominated for eight awards at the 3rd Hong Kong Film Awards and won two. <P2-S3> Reign Behind a Curtain is a 1983 historical drama film directed by Li Han-hsiang. <P2-S4> Tony Leung, who made his debut in the prequel to the film, won the Best Actor Award. <SEP> <P3-S0> Hassan Zee is a Pakistani- American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan. <SEP> <P4-S0> Hartley W Lobban (9 May 1926 – 15 October 2004) was a Jamaican-born first-class cricketer who played 17 matches for Worcestershire in the early 1950s. <SEP> <P5-S0> Li directed more than 70 films in his career beginning in the 1950s and lasting till the 1990s. <P5-S1> His" The Enchanting Shadow The Magnificent Concubine", and" Empress Wu Tse- Tien" were entered into the Cannes Film Festival in 1960, 1962, and 1963 respectively. <P5-S2> Li also won the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for his work on the movie" Xi Shi" in 1965. <P5-S3> Most of his movies in the 1970s and 1980s were Chinese historical dramas. <P5-S4> Richard Li Han Hsiang( 7 March 1926 in Jinxi, Liaoning- 17 December 1996 in Beijing) was a Chinese film director. <P5-S5> He died in Beijing due to a heart attack. <P5-S6> He was seventy.
Question: Which film has the director died earlier, My Father'S Happy Years or Hungarian Rhapsody (1979 Film)?

<P0-S0> Sándor Simó (7 August 1934 – 4 September 2001) was a Hungarian film producer, director and screenwriter. <P0-S1> He produced 25 films and directed a further seven. <P0-S2> His 1969 film "Those Who Wear Glasses" won the Golden Leopard at the Locarno International Film Festival. <P0-S3> His 1977 film "My Father's Happy Years" was entered into the 28th Berlin International Film Festival. <SEP> <P1-S0> Hungarian Rhapsody is a 1979 Hungarian drama film directed by Miklós Jancsó. <P1-S1> It was entered into the 1979 Cannes Film Festival. <SEP> <P2-S0> My Father's Happy Years is a 1977 Hungarian drama film directed by Sándor Simó. <P2-S1> It was entered into the 28th Berlin International Film Festival. <SEP> <P3-S0> Jancs ó achieved international prominence from the mid-1960s onwards, with works including" The Round- UpSzegénylegények", 1965)," The Red and the WhiteCsillagosok, katonák", 1967), and" Red PsalmMég kér a nép", 1971). <P3-S1> Jancsó's films are characterized by visual stylization, elegantly choreographed shots, long takes, historical periods, rural settings, and a lack of psychoanalyzing. <P3-S2> A frequent theme of his films is the abuse of power. <P3-S3> Miklós Jancs ó( 27 September 192131 January 2014) was a Hungarian film director and screenwriter. <P3-S4> His works are often allegorical commentaries on Hungary under Communism and the Soviet occupation, although some critics prefer to stress the universal dimensions of Jancsó's explorations. <P3-S5> Towards the end of the 1960s and especially into the 1970s, Jancsó's work became increasingly stylized and overtly symbolic. <SEP> <P4-S0> Mistress of the Apes is a 1979 film from Larry Buchanan. <SEP> <P5-S0> This Is My Father is a 1998 film directed by Paul Quinn.
Question: Which film has the director who was born first, Koko: A Talking Gorilla or Treasure Of The Sea?

<P0-S0> Hartley W Lobban (9 May 1926 – 15 October 2004) was a Jamaican-born first-class cricketer who played 17 matches for Worcestershire in the early 1950s. <SEP> <P1-S0> Hassan Zee is a Pakistani- American film director who was born in Chakwal, Pakistan. <SEP> <P2-S0> Treasure of the Sea is a 1918 American silent drama film directed by Frank Reicher and starring Edith Storey, Lew Cody, and Lewis Willoughby. <P2-S1> It was released on April 22, 1918. <SEP> <P3-S0> He is best known for playing Captain Englehorn in the 1933 film" King Kong". <P3-S1> Frank Reicher( December 2, 1875 – January 19, 1965) was a German- born American actor, director and producer. <SEP> <P4-S0> Koko: A Talking Gorilla is a 1978 documentary directed by Barbet Schroeder that focuses on Francine Patterson and her work with Koko, the gorilla Patterson claims to have taught to communicate with humans using symbols taken from American Sign Language. <P4-S1> The film was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1978 Cannes Film Festival. <SEP> <P5-S0> Since the late 1980s, he has directed many big budget Hollywood films, often mixing melodrama with the thriller genre in films like" Single White Female, Kiss of Death", and" Murder by Numbers". <P5-S1> Barbet Schroeder( born 26 August 1941) is a Swiss film director and producer who started his career in French cinema in the 1960s, working together with directors such as Jean- Luc Godard and Jacques Rivette. <P5-S2> He has been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director, and for the Palme d' Or for his 1987 film" Barfly".
Question: Do both For Love or Money (1939 film) and Father's Day (2012 film) films have the directors from the same country?

<P0-S0> this is the second film from director Kalavoor Ravikumar, who earlier directed Oridathoru Puzhayundu. <P0-S1> Father's Day is a 2012 Malayalam film directed by Kalavoor Ravikumar, starring Shehin, Indu Thampy, Revathi, Lal and Shankar Panikkar in the lead roles. <P0-S2> Oscar award winner Resul Pookutty made his acting debut through this film. <SEP> <P1-S0> He is best known for his films Ottayal Pattalam, Ishtam, Nammal, Swa. Le., etc. <P1-S1> Kalavoor Ravikumar( കലവൂര് രവികുമാര്) is an Indian Author, Screenwriter and Film Director who prominently works in the Malayalam film and literature. <SEP> <P2-S0> For Love or Money is a Chinese romance film based on Hong Kong novelist Amy Cheung's 2006 novel of the same name. <P2-S1> The film was directed by Gao Xixi and starring Liu Yifei and Rain. <P2-S2> Originally slated for release on 11 November 2014, the film was moved earlier to 7 November 2014. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Noose Hangs High is a 1948 film starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello. <P3-S1> The film is a remake of the Universal Pictures film "For Love or Money" (1939). <SEP> <P4-S0> Albert S. Rogell( August 21, 1901 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma- April 7, 1988 Los Angeles, California) was an American film director. <P4-S1> Rogell directed more than a hundred movies between 1921 and 1958. <P4-S2> He was the brother of producer Sid Rogell. <SEP> <P5-S0> The film stars June Lang, Robert Kent, Edward Brophy, Etienne Girardot, Richard Lane, Addison Richards, Edward Gargan and Horace McMahon. <P5-S1> For Love or Money is a 1939 American comedy film directed by Albert S. Rogell and written by Charles Grayson and Arthur T. Horman. <P5-S2> The film was released on April 28, 1939, by Universal Pictures.
Question: Are both directors of films The Midnight Wedding and Up The Creek (1984 Film) from the same country?

<P0-S0> It is considered a lost film. <P0-S1> The Midnight Wedding is a 1912 Australian silent film directed by Raymond Longford based on a popular Ruritanian stage play in which Longford had appeared. <P0-S2> It should not be confused with a 1912 film from the Gaumont Company of the same name. <SEP> <P1-S0> Up the Creek is a 1984 comedy film directed by Robert Butler and starring Tim Matheson, Dan Monahan, Stephen Furst, Jeff East, Sandy Helberg, Blaine Novak, James B. Sikking, Jennifer Runyon, and John Hillerman. <SEP> <P2-S0> Raymond Longford( 23 September 18782 April 1959) was a prolific Australian film director, writer, producer and actor during the silent era. <P2-S1> Longford was a major director of the. <P2-S2> He formed a production team with Lottie Lyell. <P2-S3> His contributions to Australian cinema with his ongoing collaborations with Lyell, including" The Sentimental Bloke"( 1919) and" The Blue Mountains Mystery"( 1921), prompted the Australian Film Institute's AFI Raymond Longford Award, inducted in 1968, named in his honour. <SEP> <P3-S0> Robert Butler( born November 16, 1927) is an American film and Emmy Award- winning television director. <P3-S1> He is best known for his work in television, where he directed the pilots for a number of series including and" Hill Street Blues". <SEP> <P4-S0> Mr. Right is a 2009 British film directed by David Morris and Jacqui Morris. <P4-S1> The jointly- made gay- themed film is the debut for both directors. <SEP> <P5-S0> Jennifer Victoria Runyon( born April 1, 1960) is an American actress. <P5-S1> She made her feature film debut in the slasher film" To All a Goodnight"( 1980), and went on to have supporting roles in the comedies" Up the Creek"( 1984) and" Ghostbusters"( 1984). <P5-S2> She also had a lead role as Gwendolyn Pierce in the sitcom" Charles in Charge", from 1984 to 1987. <P5-S3> In 1988, she portrayed Cindy Brady in the television film" A Very Brady Christmas".
Question: Do both films Give Us This Day (1943 Film) and Nambugun have the directors from the same country?

<P0-S0> Give Us This Day is a 1943 Australian propaganda documentary short film about food rationing from Ken G. Hall. <SEP> <P1-S0> Give Us This Night (1936) is one of five movies produced by Paramount Pictures featuring Gladys Swarthout, a very popular Metropolitan Opera mezzo-soprano. <P1-S1> The studio was attempting to build on the popularity of Grace Moore, another opera singer, who had also expanded her talents into movies. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kenneth George Hall, AO, OBE( 22 February 1901 – 8 February 1994), better known as Ken G. Hall, was an Australian film producer and director, considered one of the most important figures in the history of the Australian film industry. <P2-S1> He was the first Australian to win an Academy Award. <SEP> <P3-S0> It is based upon the experiences of Lee Tae, a war correspondent during the Korean War. <P3-S1> Nambugun: North Korean Partisan in South Korea is a 1990 South Korean war drama film directed by Chung Ji-young. <SEP> <P4-S0> Give Us This Day is a 1949 British film, directed by Edward Dmytryk. <P4-S1> This film was released in the United States as Christ in Concrete. <P4-S2> Another alternate title was Salt and the Devil. <P4-S3> The film was based on the 1939 novel" Christ in Concrete" by Pietro Di Donato. <P4-S4> The title is taken from the Lord's Prayer. <SEP> <P5-S0> Among his most well- known films are" North Korean Partisan in South Korea"( 1990)," White Badge"( 1992)," Life and Death of the Hollywood Kid"( 1994)," Unbowed"( 2012) and" National Security"( 2012). <P5-S1> Chung Ji-young( born November 19, 1946) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter.
Question: Are both director of film Let'S Get Married (1926 Film) and director of film Far Och Flyg from the same country?

<P0-S0> Brian Johnson( born 1939 or 1940) is a British designer and director of film and television special effects. <SEP> <P1-S0> It was directed by Gregory La Cava and stars Richard Dix and Lois Wilson. <P1-S1> Let's Get Married is a 1926 American silent comedy film produced by Famous Players- Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures. <P1-S2> The film is based on an 1897 play" The Man from Mexico" by Henry A. Du Souchet performed by William Collier, Sr.. <P1-S3> This film is a remake of a 1914 film," The Man from Mexico" starring John Barrymore which is now considered a lost film. <P1-S4> The 1926 silent is preserved at the Library of Congress. <SEP> <P2-S0> He appeared in 35 films between 1936 and 1975. <P2-S1> He also directed 17 films between 1947 and 1975. <P2-S2> He was born in Västervik, Kalmar County, Sweden and died in Stockholm, Sweden. <P2-S3> Gösta Bernhard( 26 September 1910 – 4 January 1986) was a Swedish actor, film director and screenwriter. <SEP> <P3-S0> Rachel Feldman( born August 22, 1954) is an American director of film and television and screenwriter of television films. <SEP> <P4-S0> Far och flyg is a 1955 Swedish film directed by Gösta Bernhard and starring Dirch Passer. <SEP> <P5-S0> Gregory La Cava( March 10, 1892 – March 1, 1952) was an American film director of Italian descent best known for his films of the 1930s, including" My Man Godfrey" and" Stage Door", which earned him nominations for Academy Award for Best Director.
Question: Are both director of film Suicide Room and director of film Prime Mover (Film) from the same country?

<P0-S0> Ian Barry is an Australian director of film and TV. <SEP> <P1-S0> The premiere was held on 12 February 2011 at The Berlin International Film Festival and on 28 February 2011 in Złote Tarasy in Warsaw, Poland. <P1-S1> Suicide Room is a 2011 Polish dramatic film directed by Jan Komasa. <P1-S2> The movie was released in the cinemas on 4 March 2011. <P1-S3> The film went on to receive several awards, including those for best actor( Jakub Gierszał), best actress( Roma Gąsiorowska), best screenplay( Jan Komasa) and best film. <P1-S4> The film centers around Dominik Santorski, a sensitive and lost teenager, who is the son of wealthy, success- driven parents. <P1-S5> After a series of dares and humiliating events, his classmates mock his homosexuality on social networking sites. <P1-S6> Dominik, humiliated, refuses to go to school and stops preparing for final exams. <P1-S7> These problems overlap with his parents, who are often absent from home. <P1-S8> Falling into a deep depression, Dominik secludes himself in his room. <P1-S9> During this time, he meets a suicidal girl on the internet, and they make an emotional and intellectual bond. <P1-S10> Over time, Dominik loses contact with the real world, becoming more engrossed in a virtual world. <SEP> <P2-S0> He grew up in Turlinjah on the south coast of NSW and attended school in nearby Moruya where he was school captain in his senior year. <P2-S1> Caesar graduated from the Australian Film Television and Radio School in 1987. <P2-S2> He won an AWGIE and best director at Shanghai Film Festival for his film MULLET. <P2-S3> He won a Queensland Premiers Literary award for the screenplay for PRIME MOVER in 2008. <P2-S4> David Caesar( born 1963) is an Australian television and film director and writer. <SEP> <P3-S0> Brian Johnson( born 1939 or 1940) is a British designer and director of film and television special effects. <SEP> <P4-S0> Prime Mover is a 2009 Australian/ British comedy- crime love story which stars Michael Dorman, Emily Barclay, Ben Mendelsohn, Gyton Grantley, William McInnes, Anthony Hayes and Andrew S. Gilbert. <P4-S1> It is directed by acclaimed film and television director David Caesar of" Mullet" and" Dirty Deeds" fame, in which he also worked with McInnes, Mendelsohn and Gilbert. <P4-S2> The film was released to European audiences in Germany on 8 February 2009 and in Australia on 8 June 2009. <SEP> <P5-S0> His films were premiered or won awards at Cannes Film Festival, Berlin Film Festival, Venice Film Festival and Toronto International Film Festival. <P5-S1> His film" Corpus Christi"( 2019) was selected as the Polish entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 92nd Academy Awards. <P5-S2> Jan Komasa( born October 28 1981, Poznań) is a Polish film director, screenwriter, and producer best known for directing the films" Suicide Room"( 2011)," Warsaw 44"( 2014)," Corpus Christi"( 2019).
Question: Do both The Luck of Ginger Coffey (film) and The Halt films have the directors from the same country?

<P0-S0> Luck of the Navy is a 1938 British comedy thriller film directed by Norman Lee and starring Geoffrey Toone, Judy Kelly and Clifford Evans. <P0-S1> It was based on the play" The Luck of the Navy" by Mrs Clifford Mills and is also known by the alternative title of North Sea Patrol. <SEP> <P1-S0> Cecil Lauriston Kellaway( 22 August 1890 – 28 February 1973) was a British/ South African character actor. <P1-S1> He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for both" The Luck of the Irish"( 1948) and" Guess Who's Coming to Dinner"( 1967). <SEP> <P2-S0> The Halt is a 2019 Filipino drama film edited, written, and directed by Lav Diaz. <P2-S1> It was screened in the Directors' Fortnight section at the 2019 Cannes Film Festival. <SEP> <P3-S0> It was filmed in Montreal by Crawley Films. <P3-S1> The Luck of Ginger Coffey is a 1964 film directed by Irvin Kershner. <P3-S2> It is based on the Governor General's Award- winning novel by Northern Irish- Canadian writer Brian Moore. <SEP> <P4-S0> He is known as one of the key members of the slow cinema movement, having made several of the longest narrative films on record. <P4-S1> Although he had been making films since the late 1990s, Diaz did n't attract much public attention outside of the Philippines and the festival circuit until the release of his 2013 film" Norte, the End of History", which was entered into the Un Certain Regard section of the 2013 Cannes Film Festival. <P4-S2> His three subsequent films have received much critical attention and many awards, with 2014's" From What Is Before" earning him the Golden Leopard at the 2014 Locarno International Film Festival as well as a nomination for the Asian Film Award for Best Director, 2016's" A Lullaby to the Sorrowful Mystery" competing for the Golden Bear at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival and winning the Alfred Bauer Prize, and 2016's" The Woman Who Left" competing at the 73rd Venice International Film Festival and winning the Golden Lion. <P4-S3> Lavrente Indico Diaz( born December 30, 1958) is a Filipino filmmaker. <P4-S4> His most recent film," Season of the Devil", competed at the 68th Berlin International Film Festival and it won Best Film( Gems Section) at the Cartagena Film Festival. <SEP> <P5-S0> He gained notice early in his career as a filmmaker for directing quirky, independent drama films, while working as an influential lecturer at the University of Southern California. <P5-S1> Later in his career, he transitioned to high- budget blockbusters such as" The Empire Strikes Back", the James Bond adaptation" Never Say Never Again", and" RoboCop 2". <P5-S2> Irvin Kershner( born Isadore Kershner; April 29, 1923 November 27, 2010) was an American director, actor, and producer of film and television. <P5-S3> Through the course of his career, he received numerous accolades, and was nominated for both a Primetime Emmy Award and a Palme d' Or.
Question: Which film has the director born earlier, Voices From Beyond or Baby Brokers?

<P0-S0> Voices from Beyond is an Italian film by director Lucio Fulci. <P0-S1> The story centers about the murder of a wealthy man, with his spirit returning to guide his daughter in discovering his killers. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sepideh Farsi is an Iranian film director, born in Tehran in 1965. <SEP> <P2-S0> The film stars Cybill Shepherd, Nina Siemaszko, Anna Maria Horsford, Jeffrey Nordling, Tom O' Brien, Joseph Maher and Shirley Knight. <P2-S1> Baby Brokers is a 1994 American drama film directed by Mimi Leder and written by Susan Nanus. <P2-S2> The film premiered on NBC on February 21, 1994. <SEP> <P3-S0> Although he worked in a wide array of genres through a career spanning nearly five decades, including comedy, spaghetti western, adventure, science fiction and erotica, he garnered an international cult following for his giallo and horror films. <P3-S1> His most notable films include the" Gates of Hell" trilogy —" City of the Living Dead"( 1980)," The Beyond"( 1981), and" The House by the Cemetery"( 1981) —as well as" Massacre Time"( 1966)," One on Top of the Other"( 1969)," A Lizard in a Woman's Skin"( 1971)," Do n't Torture a Duckling"( 1972)," White Fang"( 1973)," Four of the Apocalypse"( 1975)," Sette note in nero"( 1977)," Zombi 2"( 1979)," Contraband"( 1980)," The Black Cat"( 1981)," The New York Ripper"( 1982)," Murder Rock"( 1984), and" A Cat in the Brain"( 1990). <P3-S2> Lucio Fulci( 17 June 1927 – 13 March 1996) was an Italian film director, screenwriter, producer, and actor. <P3-S3> Because of the high level of visceral graphic violence present in many of his films, especially" Zombi 2" and" The Beyond", Fulci is frequently referred to as" The Godfather of Gore", a title also given to Herschell Gordon Lewis. <P3-S4> Fulci was in his young adult years a politically active radical for the Italian Communist Party. <SEP> <P4-S0> Joshua Sinclair( born May 7, 1953) is an American writer, producer, actor and director born in New York City. <SEP> <P5-S0> She was the first female graduate of the AFI Conservatory, in 1973. <P5-S1> Miriam Leder( born January 26, 1952) is an American film and television director and producer noted for her action films and use of special effects.