Question: When did the US and Britain invade the alley country of Germany by the leader of the Luftwaffe?

<P0-S0> within the luftwaffe, there was a more muted view of strategic bombing. <P0-S1> the okl did not oppose the strategic bombardment of enemy industries and or cities, and believed it could greatly affect the balance of power on the battlefield in germany's favour by disrupting production and damaging civilian morale, but they did not believe that air power alone could be decisive. <P0-S2> contrary to popular belief, the luftwaffe did not have a systematic policy of what became known as "terror bombing". <P0-S3> evidence suggests that the luftwaffe did not adopt an official bombing policy in which civilians became the primary target until 1942. <SEP> <P1-S0> The operation was undertaken by General Sir Harold Alexander's 15th Army Group (comprising General Mark W. Clark's Fifth Army and General Bernard Montgomery's British Eighth Army) and followed the successful invasion of Sicily. <P1-S1> The Allied invasion of Italy was the Allied amphibious landing on mainland Italy that took place on 3 September 1943 during the early stages of the Italian Campaign of World War II. <P1-S2> The main invasion force landed around Salerno on 9 September on the western coast in Operation Avalanche, while two supporting operations took place in Calabria (Operation Baytown) and Taranto (Operation Slapstick). <SEP> <P2-S0> By May 1941 the threat of an invasion of Britain had passed, and Hitler's attention had turned to Operation Barbarossa in the East. <P2-S1> The bombing failed to demoralise the British into surrender or significantly damage the war economy. <P2-S2> The eight months of bombing never seriously hampered British production and the war industries continued to operate and expand. <P2-S3> The Blitz was only authorised when the Luftwaffe had failed to meet preconditions for a 1940 launch of Operation Sea Lion, the provisionally planned German invasion of Britain. <P2-S4> In comparison to the later Allied bombing campaign against Germany, the Blitz resulted in relatively few casualties; the British bombing of Hamburg in July 1943 inflicted some 42,000 civilian deaths, about the same as the entire Blitz. <SEP> <P3-S0> when russia invaded the turkish balkans in 1853, fears of russian dominance in the mediterranean and middle east led britain and france to invade the crimean peninsula to destroy russian naval capabilities. <P3-S1> the ensuing crimean war (1854–56), which involved new techniques of modern warfare, and was the only global war fought between britain and another imperial power during the pax britannica, was a resounding defeat for russia. <P3-S2> the situation remained unresolved in central asia for two more decades, with britain annexing baluchistan in 1876 and russia annexing kirghizia, kazakhstan, and turkmenistan. <P3-S3> for a while it appeared that another war would be inevitable, but the two countries reached an agreement on their respective spheres of influence in the region in 1878 and on all outstanding matters in 1907 with the signing of the anglo-russian entente. <P3-S4> the destruction of the russian navy by the japanese at the battle of port arthur during the russo-japanese war of 1904–05 also limited its threat to the british. <SEP> <P4-S0> Following the Allied victory in the Second World War, Europe was divided by the Iron Curtain. <P4-S1> The countries in Southeastern Europe were dominated by the Soviet Union and became communist states. <P4-S2> The Nazi regime under Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933, and along with Mussolini's Italy sought to gain control of the continent by the Second World War. <P4-S3> The major non-communist Southern European countries joined a US-led military alliance (NATO) and formed the European Economic Community amongst themselves. <P4-S4> The countries in the Soviet sphere of influence joined the military alliance known as the Warsaw Pact and the economic bloc called Comecon. <P4-S5> Yugoslavia was neutal.