winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: When did the first establishment McDonaldization is named after open in the country Horndean is located?

<P0-S0> the hotel galvez is a historic hotel located in galveston, texas, united states that opened in 1911. the building was named the galvez, honoring bernardo de gálvez, 1st viscount of galveston, for whom the city was named. <P0-S1> the building was added to the national register of historic places on april 4, 1979. <SEP> <P1-S0> the modern hamburger was developed in the united states, but by the end of world war ii, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. <P1-S1> the main cause of this gradual globalization was the successes of the large restaurant chains. <P1-S2> their desires to expand their businesses and increase their profits resulted in them creating franchises around the world. <P1-S3> mcdonald's was among the very first of the burger chains to take the global establishment of its brand seriously, but it was not the only one. <P1-S4> wimpy began operating in the united kingdom in 1954, 20 years before mcdonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. <P1-S5> on august 21, 1971, in zaandam, near amsterdam in the netherlands, ahold opened its first european franchise. <P1-S6> in the 1970s, mcdonald's began to expand into europe and australia. <P1-S7> in asia, japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: mos burger (モスバーガー, mosu bāgā), an abbreviation of ``mountain, ocean, sun '', which eventually became a direct competitor to mcdonald's. <P1-S8> all of its products, however, were variations on the burger adapted to the asian world, including the teriyaki burger, takumi burger, and riceburger. <P1-S9> in hong kong, aji ichiban competed with large chains before it spread quickly throughout asia. <P1-S10> one of the first hamburger vending machines debuted in amsterdam in 1941 under the brand febo, its name derived from its original place of creation, the ferdinand bolstraat. <SEP> <P2-S0> McWorld is a term referring to the spreading of McDonald's restaurants throughout the world as the result of globalization, and more generally to the effects of international 'McDonaldization' of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization as a whole. <P2-S1> The name also refers to a 1990s advertising campaign for McDonald's, and to a children's website launched by the firm in 2008. <SEP> <P3-S0> It is the company's 3000th restaurant. <P3-S1> 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. <SEP> <P4-S0> It is north of Portsmouth. <P4-S1> Horndean is a village and civil parish in the East Hampshire district of Hampshire, England.
Question: When did the first restaurant from which McDonaldization took its name open in the city where the Parish meeting was held?

<P0-S0> A parish meeting, in England, is a meeting to which all the electors in a civil parish are entitled to attend. <SEP> <P1-S0> announced in august 2015, the lands are scheduled to open at both locations in 2019, with the disneyland version opening first. <P1-S1> walt disney imagineering executive scott trowbridge is supervising the development of the new land at both parks. <P1-S2> disney ceo bob iger announced on march 3, 2016, at the disney shareholders meeting, that construction on both versions of the land would begin in april 2016. <SEP> <P2-S0> 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. <P2-S1> It is the company's 3000th restaurant. <SEP> <P3-S0> The name also refers to a 1990s advertising campaign for McDonald's, and to a children's website launched by the firm in 2008. <P3-S1> McWorld is a term referring to the spreading of McDonald's restaurants throughout the world as the result of globalization, and more generally to the effects of international 'McDonaldization' of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization as a whole. <SEP> <P4-S0> the modern hamburger was developed in the united states, but by the end of world war ii, around the middle of the 20th century, it began to spread to other countries as fast food became globalized. <P4-S1> the main cause of this gradual globalization was the successes of the large restaurant chains. <P4-S2> their desires to expand their businesses and increase their profits resulted in them creating franchises around the world. <P4-S3> mcdonald's was among the very first of the burger chains to take the global establishment of its brand seriously, but it was not the only one. <P4-S4> wimpy began operating in the united kingdom in 1954, 20 years before mcdonald's began operation in the country, and by 1970 it had expanded to over a thousand restaurants in 23 countries. <P4-S5> on august 21, 1971, in zaandam, near amsterdam in the netherlands, ahold opened its first european franchise. <P4-S6> in the 1970s, mcdonald's began to expand into europe and australia. <P4-S7> in asia, japan saw the establishment of its own fast food chain in 1972: mos burger (モスバーガー, mosu bāgā), an abbreviation of ``mountain, ocean, sun '', which eventually became a direct competitor to mcdonald's. <P4-S8> all of its products, however, were variations on the burger adapted to the asian world, including the teriyaki burger, takumi burger, and riceburger. <P4-S9> in hong kong, aji ichiban competed with large chains before it spread quickly throughout asia. <P4-S10> one of the first hamburger vending machines debuted in amsterdam in 1941 under the brand febo, its name derived from its original place of creation, the ferdinand bolstraat.
Question: When did the first restaurant that the phenomenon of McDonaldization is named after, open in the country that holds the Isle of Wight festival?

<P0-S0> england is a country that is part of the united kingdom. <P0-S1> it shares land borders with scotland to the north and wales to the west. <P0-S2> the irish sea lies northwest of england and the celtic sea lies to the southwest. <P0-S3> england is separated from continental europe by the north sea to the east and the english channel to the south. <P0-S4> the country covers five - eighths of the island of great britain (which lies in the north atlantic) in its centre and south, and includes over 100 smaller named islands such as the isles of scilly and the isle of wight. <SEP> <P1-S0> It is the company's 3000th restaurant. <P1-S1> 1974: On November 13, the first McDonald's in the United Kingdom opens in Woolwich, southeast London. <SEP> <P2-S0> It was originally a counterculture event held from 1968 to 1970. <P2-S1> The Isle of Wight Festival is a music festival which takes place annually on the Isle of Wight in England. <SEP> <P3-S0> The name also refers to a 1990s advertising campaign for McDonald's, and to a children's website launched by the firm in 2008. <P3-S1> McWorld is a term referring to the spreading of McDonald's restaurants throughout the world as the result of globalization, and more generally to the effects of international 'McDonaldization' of services and commercialization of goods as an element of globalization as a whole. <SEP> <P4-S0> the hodag country festival, founded in 1978, is an outdoor music festival held each summer in rhinelander, in oneida county, wisconsin, united states. <P4-S1> the 2020 festival is scheduled for july 9th thru the 12th, 2020. when the first festival was held august 4–6, 1978, it featured freddy fender and jana jae and had an attendance of about 500. it is named for the folkloric hodag, first reported to exist in 1893 in rhinelander.
Question: What regime followed the rule of the man who was the last person to live in Versaille over the country which produced the show Robotboy?

<P0-S0> It is located in the department of Yvelines, in the region of Île - de-France, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) southwest of the centre of Paris. <P0-S1> The Palace of Versailles (French: Château de Versailles; English: / vɛərˈsaɪ, vɜːr - / vair - SY, vur -; French: (vɛʁsaj)) was the principal royal residence of France from 1682 under Louis XIV until the start of the French Revolution in 1789 under Louis XVI. <SEP> <P1-S0> emma martina luigia morano (omri) (29 november 1899 -- 15 april 2017) was an italian supercentenarian who, before her death at the age of 117 years and 137 days, was the world's oldest living person whose age had been verified, and the last living person to have been verified as being born in the 1800s. <P1-S1> she remains the oldest italian person ever and the second - oldest european person ever behind frenchwoman jeanne calment. <SEP> <P2-S0> It was created and designed by Jan Van Rijsselberge and was directed in Alphanim's studio in Paris by Charlie Bean, who worked on other programs such as "Dexter's Laboratory", "The Powerpuff Girls", and "Samurai Jack". <P2-S1> The series first aired in the United Kingdom on 1 November 2005 on Cartoon Network. <P2-S2> It premiered in the United States on 28 December 2005 as part of a "sneak peek" preview week for the network's new Saturday morning cartoon lineup that debuted on 14 January 2006. <P2-S3> Reruns of the show are still airing in United Kingdom, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany, as well in some Latin American countries like Venezuela and Colombia, but is no longer shown in Eastern Europe, the United States or Asian territories. <P2-S4> Robotboy is a British/French animated children's television series which is produced by French production company Alphanim for France 3 and Cartoon Network Europe, as well as the studios LuxAnimation and Cofinova 1. <SEP> <P3-S0> silk is a british television drama series produced by the bbc which was broadcast over three series on bbc one between 22 february 2011 and 31 march 2014. created by peter moffat, the series follows the daily goings on of shoe lane chambers and its members in their personal and professional lives. <SEP> <P4-S0> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <P4-S1> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic.
Question: What was the rule of the last person to live in Versaille, in the country where the Statue of Liberty was constructed, followed by?

<P0-S0> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <P0-S1> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <SEP> <P1-S0> albert henry woolson (february 11, 1850 -- august 2, 1956) was the last surviving member of the union army who served in the american civil war. <P1-S1> he was also the last surviving civil war veteran on either side whose status is undisputed. <P1-S2> at least three men who followed him in death claimed to be confederate veterans, but one has been debunked and the other two are unverified. <P1-S3> the last surviving union soldier to see combat was james hard (1841 -- 1953). <SEP> <P2-S0> It is located in the department of Yvelines, in the region of Île - de-France, about 20 kilometres (12 miles) southwest of the centre of Paris. <P2-S1> The Palace of Versailles (French: Château de Versailles; English: / vɛərˈsaɪ, vɜːr - / vair - SY, vur -; French: (vɛʁsaj)) was the principal royal residence of France from 1682 under Louis XIV until the start of the French Revolution in 1789 under Louis XVI. <SEP> <P3-S0> The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. <P3-S1> Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. <P3-S2> The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. <P3-S3> Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. <P3-S4> The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland. <SEP> <P4-S0> the "neo-eriksonian" identity status paradigm emerged in later years[when? <P4-S1> ], driven largely by the work of james marcia. <P4-S2> this paradigm focuses upon the twin concepts of exploration and commitment. <P4-S3> the central idea is that any individual's sense of identity is determined in large part by the explorations and commitments that he or she makes regarding certain personal and social traits. <P4-S4> it follows that the core of the research in this paradigm investigates the degrees to which a person has made certain explorations, and the degree to which he or she displays a commitment to those explorations.
Question: What regime followed the rule of the man who was guillotined in the French Revolution over the country that built the Statue of Liberty?

<P0-S0> carthage lost 500 ships with an unknown number of crew deaths.although uncertain, the casualties were heavy for both sides. <P0-S1> polybius commented that the war was, at the time, the most destructive in terms of casualties in the history of warfare, including the battles of alexander the great. <P0-S2> analysing the data from the roman census of the 3rd century bc, adrian goldsworthy noted that, during the conflict, rome lost about 50,000 male citizens. <P0-S3> this excludes auxiliary troops and every other man in the army without citizen status, who would be outside the head count. <SEP> <P1-S0> the bourbon restoration followed the ousting of napoleon i of france in 1814. the allies restored the bourbon dynasty to the french throne. <P1-S1> the ensuing period is called the restoration, following french usage, and is characterized by a sharp conservative reaction and the re-establishment of the roman catholic church as a power in french politics. <P1-S2> the july monarchy was a period of liberal constitutional monarchy in france under king louis-philippe starting with the july revolution (or three glorious days) of 1830 and ending with the revolution of 1848. the second empire was the imperial bonapartist regime of napoleon iii from 1852 to 1870, between the second republic and the third republic, in france. <SEP> <P2-S0> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <P2-S1> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <SEP> <P3-S0> The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. <P3-S1> The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. <P3-S2> Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. <P3-S3> Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. <P3-S4> The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland. <SEP> <P4-S0> The execution of Louis XVI, by means of the guillotine, a major event of the French Revolution, took place on 21 January 1793 at the Place de la Révolution (``Revolution Square '', formerly Place Louis XV, and renamed Place de la Concorde in 1795) in Paris. <P4-S1> The National Convention had convicted the king (17 January 1792) in a near - unanimous vote (while no one voted`` not guilty'', several deputies abstained) and condemned him to death by a simple majority.
Question: What followed the reign of the monarch who re-translated Reflections into French in the country of Kameradschaft?

<P0-S0> the bourbon restoration followed the ousting of napoleon i of france in 1814. the allies restored the bourbon dynasty to the french throne. <P0-S1> the ensuing period is called the restoration, following french usage, and is characterized by a sharp conservative reaction and the re-establishment of the roman catholic church as a power in french politics. <P0-S2> the july monarchy was a period of liberal constitutional monarchy in france under king louis-philippe starting with the july revolution (or three glorious days) of 1830 and ending with the revolution of 1848. the second empire was the imperial bonapartist regime of napoleon iii from 1852 to 1870, between the second republic and the third republic, in france. <SEP> <P1-S0> Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French. <P1-S1> Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. <P1-S2> Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". <P1-S3> Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. <P1-S4> Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: "I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution". <P1-S5> The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed. <SEP> <P2-S0> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <P2-S1> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <SEP> <P3-S0> Kameradschaft (, known in France as La Tragédie de la mine) is a 1931 dramatic film directed by Austrian director G. W. Pabst. <P3-S1> The French-German co-production drama is noted for combining expressionism and realism. <SEP> <P4-S0> the three princes of serendip is the english version of the story "peregrinaggio di tre giovani figliuoli del re di serendippo" published by michele tramezzino in venice in 1557. tramezzino claimed to have heard the story from one , who had translated the persian fairy tale into italian, adapting book one of amir khusrau's "hasht-bihisht" of 1302. the story first came to english via a french translation, and now exists in several out-of-print translations.
Question: What followed the person who re-translated the Reflections into French in the country where Marie-Frédérique Ayissi was from?

<P0-S0> Marie-Frédérique Ayissi (born January 11, 1982 in Vaulx-en-Velin, France) is a French basketball player who plays for club Union Hainaut of the Ligue Féminine de Basketball.. <SEP> <P1-S0> the bourbon restoration followed the ousting of napoleon i of france in 1814. the allies restored the bourbon dynasty to the french throne. <P1-S1> the ensuing period is called the restoration, following french usage, and is characterized by a sharp conservative reaction and the re-establishment of the roman catholic church as a power in french politics. <P1-S2> the july monarchy was a period of liberal constitutional monarchy in france under king louis-philippe starting with the july revolution (or three glorious days) of 1830 and ending with the revolution of 1848. the second empire was the imperial bonapartist regime of napoleon iii from 1852 to 1870, between the second republic and the third republic, in france. <SEP> <P2-S0> the novel remained untranslated in english until 2009 when it was rediscovered by american publishing house melville house publishing and released in the us under the title "every man dies alone", in a translation by michael hofmann. <P2-S1> melville house licensed it to penguin books in the uk, who used the title "alone in berlin", following the french translation by andré vandevoorde in 1967, "seul dans berlin". <P2-S2> the us title is close to the original german title, which translates verbatim as "everyone dies for himself alone". <SEP> <P3-S0> Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. <P3-S1> Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". <P3-S2> Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French. <P3-S3> Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. <P3-S4> Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: "I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution". <P3-S5> The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed. <SEP> <P4-S0> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <P4-S1> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself.
Question: What followed the person who retranslated the Reflections into French from the country whose passport he had in 1835?

<P0-S0> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <P0-S1> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <SEP> <P1-S0> havas was born to a jewish family in rouen. <P1-S1> in 1835, he founded the agence havas, aware of their growing interest in international affairs, translated foreign newspapers and then sold them to the french national press, local businessman, and the government. <P1-S2> recognizing that newspapers were not always accurate and often biased, he explored the concept of having his own correspondents in the field who would supply his agency with information. <P1-S3> he died at bougival. <SEP> <P2-S0> the three princes of serendip is the english version of the story "peregrinaggio di tre giovani figliuoli del re di serendippo" published by michele tramezzino in venice in 1557. tramezzino claimed to have heard the story from one , who had translated the persian fairy tale into italian, adapting book one of amir khusrau's "hasht-bihisht" of 1302. the story first came to english via a french translation, and now exists in several out-of-print translations. <SEP> <P3-S0> In France he used the French versions of his given names, and after receiving French citizenship in 1835, he travelled on a French passport. <P3-S1> Chopin arrived in Paris in late September 1831; he would never return to Poland, thus becoming one of many expatriates of the Polish Great Emigration. <P3-S2> However, Chopin remained close to his fellow Poles in exile as friends and confidants and he never felt fully comfortable speaking French. <P3-S3> Chopin's biographer Adam Zamoyski writes that he never considered himself to be French, despite his father's French origins, and always saw himself as a Pole. <SEP> <P4-S0> Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. <P4-S1> Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". <P4-S2> Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. <P4-S3> Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: "I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution". <P4-S4> The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed. <P4-S5> Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French.
Question: What was the rule of the king of the country that released Rochebaron, who re-translated the Reflections into French, followed by?

<P0-S0> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <P0-S1> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <SEP> <P1-S0> now that's what i call music (also simply titled now or now 1) is the first album from the popular now! <P1-S1> series that was released in the united kingdom on 28 november 1983. initial pressings were released on vinyl and audio cassette. <P1-S2> to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the album and series, the album was re-released on cd for the first time in 2009. however, alternative longer mixes of only for love, double dutch and candy girl were included in place of the original shorter single mixes from 1983. a double vinyl re-release followed for record store day on 18 april 2015. in july 2018, the album was newly remastered and re-released on cd, vinyl and cassette to commemorate the release of the 100th volume of the series. <SEP> <P2-S0> Rochebaron is a soft blue cheese made from pasteurised cow's milk, in the town of Beauzac in the Auvergne region, in the Massif Central, France. <SEP> <P3-S0> the three princes of serendip is the english version of the story "peregrinaggio di tre giovani figliuoli del re di serendippo" published by michele tramezzino in venice in 1557. tramezzino claimed to have heard the story from one , who had translated the persian fairy tale into italian, adapting book one of amir khusrau's "hasht-bihisht" of 1302. the story first came to english via a french translation, and now exists in several out-of-print translations. <SEP> <P4-S0> Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. <P4-S1> Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". <P4-S2> Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. <P4-S3> Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: "I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution". <P4-S4> Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French. <P4-S5> The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed.
Question: Who re-translated the Reflections into French of where Chopin created most of his works was followed by what?

<P0-S0> Charles-Henri Sanson, full title "Chevalier Charles-Henri Sanson de Longval" (15 February 1739 – 4 July 1806), was the royal executioner of France during the reign of King Louis XVI, and High Executioner of the First French Republic. <P0-S1> He administered capital punishment in the city of Paris for over forty years, and by his own hand executed nearly 3,000 people, including the King himself. <SEP> <P1-S0> alexander brailowsky (16 february 1896 – 25 april 1976) was a russian-born french pianist who specialized in the works of frédéric chopin. <P1-S1> he was a leading concert pianist in the years between the two world wars. <SEP> <P2-S0> Fellow Whig MPs Richard Sheridan and Charles James Fox, disagreed with Burke and split with him. <P2-S1> Louis XVI translated the Reflections "from end to end" into French. <P2-S2> Fox thought the Reflections to be "in very bad taste" and "favouring Tory principles". <P2-S3> Other Whigs such as the Duke of Portland and Earl Fitzwilliam privately agreed with Burke, but did not wish for a public breach with their Whig colleagues. <P2-S4> Burke wrote on 29 November 1790: "I have received from the Duke of Portland, Lord Fitzwilliam, the Duke of Devonshire, Lord John Cavendish, Montagu (Frederick Montagu MP), and a long et cetera of the old Stamina of the Whiggs a most full approbation of the principles of that work and a kind indulgence to the execution". <P2-S5> The Duke of Portland said in 1791 that when anyone criticised the Reflections to him, he informed them that he had recommended the book to his sons as containing the true Whig creed. <SEP> <P3-S0> In his native Poland, in France, where he composed most of his works, and beyond, Chopin's music, his status as one of music's earliest superstars, his association (if only indirect) with political insurrection, his love life and his early death have made him, in the public consciousness, a leading symbol of the Romantic era. <P3-S1> His works remain popular, and he has been the subject of numerous films and biographies of varying degrees of historical accuracy. <SEP> <P4-S0> the three princes of serendip is the english version of the story "peregrinaggio di tre giovani figliuoli del re di serendippo" published by michele tramezzino in venice in 1557. tramezzino claimed to have heard the story from one , who had translated the persian fairy tale into italian, adapting book one of amir khusrau's "hasht-bihisht" of 1302. the story first came to english via a french translation, and now exists in several out-of-print translations.
Question: What is the colonial holding in the continent on which Aruba is located which was governed by the country where Penedono is located?

<P0-S0> The culture of Aruba, one of the many islands that make up the Caribbean, is an amalgamate of the various cultures that have occupied and lived on the island, including indigenous peoples of South America, descendants of African slaves, and Spanish and Dutch colonialists. <SEP> <P1-S0> In 1822, the son of Dom João VI, then prince - regent Dom Pedro I, proclaimed the independence of Brazil on September 7, 1822, and was crowned Emperor of the new Empire of Brazil. <P1-S1> Unlike the Spanish colonies of South America, Brazil's independence was achieved without significant bloodshed. <P1-S2> Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians. <SEP> <P2-S0> the amigoe is a dutch-language daily newspaper with editorials in curaçao and whose audience are the peoples of the former netherlands antilles, specifically curaçao and aruba. <P2-S1> the newspaper is one of the most widely read dailies in aruba. <SEP> <P3-S0> ewald "wally" warning (born in aruba, netherlands antilles) is a roots, reggae, ragga, gospel and latin singer living in munich, germany. <P3-S1> he is the son of surinamese parents. <P3-S2> at the age of 17 he moved from aruba to the netherlands, where he had a hit single with "the world needs love" in the early 1980s and around 1990 to germany. <P3-S3> he put his singing career on hold while he played bass guitar in touring bands with sam & dave and lightnin' hopkins, but restarted his solo career in the 2000s. <P3-S4> he reached a broad audience when he produced and sang the radio summer hit "no monkey". <P3-S5> the song reached the top thirty in both austria and germany. <SEP> <P4-S0> Penedono () is a municipality in the northern district of Viseu in Portugal. <P4-S1> The population in 2011 was 2,952, in an area of 133.71 km².
Question: What colonial holding in the continent where Aruba is located was governed by the country where Estoi can be found?

<P0-S0> In 1822, the son of Dom João VI, then prince - regent Dom Pedro I, proclaimed the independence of Brazil on September 7, 1822, and was crowned Emperor of the new Empire of Brazil. <P0-S1> Unlike the Spanish colonies of South America, Brazil's independence was achieved without significant bloodshed. <P0-S2> Although the royal family returned to Portugal in 1821, the interlude led to a growing desire for independence amongst Brazilians. <SEP> <P1-S0> ewald "wally" warning (born in aruba, netherlands antilles) is a roots, reggae, ragga, gospel and latin singer living in munich, germany. <P1-S1> he is the son of surinamese parents. <P1-S2> at the age of 17 he moved from aruba to the netherlands, where he had a hit single with "the world needs love" in the early 1980s and around 1990 to germany. <P1-S3> he put his singing career on hold while he played bass guitar in touring bands with sam & dave and lightnin' hopkins, but restarted his solo career in the 2000s. <P1-S4> he reached a broad audience when he produced and sang the radio summer hit "no monkey". <P1-S5> the song reached the top thirty in both austria and germany. <SEP> <P2-S0> In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Conceição e Estoi. <P2-S1> The parish, which includes an area of approximately , had a population of 3,538 at the 2001 census. <P2-S2> Estoi () is a former civil parish in the municipality of Faro, in the Algarve, Portugal. <P2-S3> The name of the parish, which was formerly spelled "Estói", was changed in 2004. <SEP> <P3-S0> capital punishment is a legal penalty in the united states, currently used by 31 states and the federal government. <P3-S1> its existence can be traced to the beginning of the american colonies. <P3-S2> the united states is the only western country currently applying the death penalty, one of 57 countries worldwide applying it, and was the first to develop lethal injection as a method of execution, which has since been adopted by five other countries. <SEP> <P4-S0> The culture of Aruba, one of the many islands that make up the Caribbean, is an amalgamate of the various cultures that have occupied and lived on the island, including indigenous peoples of South America, descendants of African slaves, and Spanish and Dutch colonialists.
Question: By what launch method was the mangalyaan of the country that contained Goa sent to the planet where Noachian is found?

<P0-S0> mars 2m no.522 was launched at 10:33:00 utc on 2 april 1969 atop a proton-k 8k78k carrier rocket with a blok d upper stage, flying from baikonur cosmodrome site 81/24. <P0-S1> one of the first stage engines caught fire almost immediately at liftoff. <P0-S2> the remaining engines managed to compensate for about 30 seconds of flight, but the thrust section fire eventually resulted in loss of control. <P0-S3> the proton pitched over and began flying horizontally before ground controllers sent a manual shutoff command. <P0-S4> the vehicle nosedived into the ground just outside the launch complex 41 seconds after launch. <P0-S5> subsequent examination found that a missing drain plug allowed nitrogen tetroxide to leak out and start a fire. <SEP> <P1-S0> Anjiro was not an intellectual, but he impressed Xavier because he took careful notes of everything he said in church. <P1-S1> In December 1547, Francis was in Malacca (Malaysia) waiting to return to Goa (India) when he met a low-ranked samurai named Anjiro (possibly spelled "Yajiro"). <P1-S2> Xavier made the decision to go to Japan in part because this low-ranking samurai convinced him in Portuguese that the Japanese people were highly educated and eager to learn. <P1-S3> They were hard workers and respectful of authority. <P1-S4> In their laws and customs they were led by reason, and, should the Christian faith convince them of its truth, they would accept it en masse. <SEP> <P2-S0> The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. <P2-S1> The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven apogee - raising orbital manoeuvres before trans - Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). <P2-S2> After a 298 - day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. <P2-S3> The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted - off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09: 08 UTC on 5 November 2013. <SEP> <P3-S0> The absolute age of the Noachian period is uncertain but probably corresponds to the lunar Pre-Nectarian to Early Imbrian periods of 4100 to 3700 million years ago, during the interval known as the Late Heavy Bombardment. <P3-S1> Many of the large impact basins on the Moon and Mars formed at this time. <P3-S2> The Noachian is a geologic system and early time period on the planet Mars characterized by high rates of meteorite and asteroid impacts and the possible presence of abundant surface water. <P3-S3> The Noachian Period is roughly equivalent to the Earth's Hadean and early Archean eons when the first life forms likely arose. <SEP> <P4-S0> south goa is one of two districts that comprises the state of goa in west india, within the region known as the konkan. <P4-S1> it is bounded by the district of north goa to the north, the  uttara kannada district of karnataka state to the east and south, while the arabian sea forms its western coast.
Question: What was launched to send Mangalyaan of the country Goa is from to the planet Deuteronilus Mensae is located?

<P0-S0> protonilus mensae is an area of mars in the ismenius lacus quadrangle. <P0-S1> it is centered on the coordinates of 43.86° n and 49.4° e. its western and eastern longitudes are 37° e and 59.7° e. north and south latitudes are 47.06° n and 39.87° n. protonilus mensae is between deuteronilus mensae and nilosyrtis mensae; all lie along the martian dichotomy boundary. <P0-S2> its name was adapted by the iau in 1973. <SEP> <P1-S0> mamers valles is a long, winding canyon in the north of mars. <P1-S1> it covers 1000 km, cutting through the cratered uplands of the arabia terra, from the cerulli crater to the deuteronilus mensae near the edge of mars' vast northern lowlands. <P1-S2> through its midsection, it averages a width of 25 km and a depth of 1200 meters. <SEP> <P2-S0> It covers 344°–325° West and 40°–48° North. <P2-S1> Deuteronilus region lies just to the north of Arabia Terra and is included in the Ismenius Lacus quadrangle. <P2-S2> It is along the dichotomy boundary, that is between the old, heavily cratered southern highlands and the low plains of the northern hemisphere. <P2-S3> The region contains flat-topped knobby terrain that may have been formed by glaciers at some time in the past. <P2-S4> Deuteronilus Mensae is to the immediate west of Protonilus Mensae and Ismeniae Fossae. <P2-S5> Glaciers persist in the region in modern times, with at least one glacier estimated to have formed as recently as 100,000 to 10,000 years ago. <P2-S6> Deuteronilus Mensae is a region on Mars 937 km across and centered at . <P2-S7> Recent evidence from the radar on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has shown that parts of Deuteronilus Mensae do indeed contain ice. <SEP> <P3-S0> The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. <P3-S1> The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven apogee - raising orbital manoeuvres before trans - Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). <P3-S2> The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted - off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09: 08 UTC on 5 November 2013. <P3-S3> After a 298 - day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. <SEP> <P4-S0> Anjiro was not an intellectual, but he impressed Xavier because he took careful notes of everything he said in church. <P4-S1> Xavier made the decision to go to Japan in part because this low-ranking samurai convinced him in Portuguese that the Japanese people were highly educated and eager to learn. <P4-S2> They were hard workers and respectful of authority. <P4-S3> In their laws and customs they were led by reason, and, should the Christian faith convince them of its truth, they would accept it en masse. <P4-S4> In December 1547, Francis was in Malacca (Malaysia) waiting to return to Goa (India) when he met a low-ranked samurai named Anjiro (possibly spelled "Yajiro").
Question: The mangalyaan of the country where Goa is located was sent to the planet where Padus Vallis is located by launching what?

<P0-S0> Padus Vallis is a valley in the Memnonia quadrangle on Mars that empties into the Medusa Fossae Formation. <P0-S1> It is located at 4.6° S and 150.1° W. It is 46.0 km long and was named for the classical name for modern Po Valley in Italy. <P0-S2> Padus Vallis is one of many valleys that empty into the Medusae Fossae Formation. <SEP> <P1-S0> The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. <P1-S1> The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted - off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09: 08 UTC on 5 November 2013. <P1-S2> The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven apogee - raising orbital manoeuvres before trans - Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). <P1-S3> After a 298 - day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. <SEP> <P2-S0> Anjiro was not an intellectual, but he impressed Xavier because he took careful notes of everything he said in church. <P2-S1> In December 1547, Francis was in Malacca (Malaysia) waiting to return to Goa (India) when he met a low-ranked samurai named Anjiro (possibly spelled "Yajiro"). <P2-S2> Xavier made the decision to go to Japan in part because this low-ranking samurai convinced him in Portuguese that the Japanese people were highly educated and eager to learn. <P2-S3> They were hard workers and respectful of authority. <P2-S4> In their laws and customs they were led by reason, and, should the Christian faith convince them of its truth, they would accept it en masse. <SEP> <P3-S0> ravi vallis is an ancient outflow channel, the source of which originates from the aromatum chaos depression, and is situated at the eastern end of xanthe terra, in the margaritifer sinus quadrangle (mc-19) region of mars, located at . <P3-S1> the ravi vallis outflow channel is long, and starts at the northeastern end of the aromatum chaos depression. <P3-S2> the channel is orientated in an easterly direction, and further down channel, ravi vallis divides into two; a larger northern channel, and a smaller southern channel, and is finally truncated by a fault which is located at the western margin of the hydraotes chaos depression. <P3-S3> ravi vallis was named after the ravi river, an ancient indian river. <SEP> <P4-S0> indus vallis is a vallis (valley) in the arabia quadrangle of mars, located at 19.3° north and 321.3° west. <P4-S1> it is 307 km long and was named for the indus river in pakistan. <P4-S2> the westernmost part of the valley is in the vicinity of cassini crater.
Question: The probe sent to the planet with Ausonia Mensa by nationals of the country with Goa launched on what?

<P0-S0> The launch window was approximately 20 days long and started on 28 October 2013. <P0-S1> The Mars Orbiter Mission probe lifted - off from the First Launch Pad at Satish Dhawan Space Centre (Sriharikota Range SHAR), Andhra Pradesh, using a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) rocket C25 at 09: 08 UTC on 5 November 2013. <P0-S2> The MOM probe spent about a month in Earth orbit, where it made a series of seven apogee - raising orbital manoeuvres before trans - Mars injection on 30 November 2013 (UTC). <P0-S3> After a 298 - day transit to Mars, it was successfully inserted into Mars orbit on 24 September 2014. <SEP> <P1-S0> The term "Mensa" is used for a flat-topped prominence with cliff-like edges. <P1-S1> Ausonia Mensa has many small channels. <P1-S2> Some features look like alluvial fans. <P1-S3> These channels add to the mass of evidence that water once flowed on Mars. <P1-S4> Images of curved channels have been seen in images from Mars spacecraft dating back to the early seventies with the Mariner 9 orbiter. <P1-S5> Ausonia Mensa is a mensa in the Hellas quadrangle of Mars, located at 30.3° S and 262.3° W. It is 103 km across and was named after an albedo feature name. <SEP> <P2-S0> goa, daman, and diu was a union territory of india from 19 december 1961 to 30 may 1987. the union territory comprised the present - day state of goa and the two small coastal enclaves of daman and diu on the coast of gujarat. <P2-S1> the territory, along with dadra and nagar haveli, comprised portuguese india. <P2-S2> the territory was incorporated into india after the annexation of portuguese india in 1961. <SEP> <P3-S0> Anjiro was not an intellectual, but he impressed Xavier because he took careful notes of everything he said in church. <P3-S1> Xavier made the decision to go to Japan in part because this low-ranking samurai convinced him in Portuguese that the Japanese people were highly educated and eager to learn. <P3-S2> They were hard workers and respectful of authority. <P3-S3> In their laws and customs they were led by reason, and, should the Christian faith convince them of its truth, they would accept it en masse. <P3-S4> In December 1547, Francis was in Malacca (Malaysia) waiting to return to Goa (India) when he met a low-ranked samurai named Anjiro (possibly spelled "Yajiro"). <SEP> <P4-S0> mars 2m no.522 was launched at 10:33:00 utc on 2 april 1969 atop a proton-k 8k78k carrier rocket with a blok d upper stage, flying from baikonur cosmodrome site 81/24. <P4-S1> one of the first stage engines caught fire almost immediately at liftoff. <P4-S2> the remaining engines managed to compensate for about 30 seconds of flight, but the thrust section fire eventually resulted in loss of control. <P4-S3> the proton pitched over and began flying horizontally before ground controllers sent a manual shutoff command. <P4-S4> the vehicle nosedived into the ground just outside the launch complex 41 seconds after launch. <P4-S5> subsequent examination found that a missing drain plug allowed nitrogen tetroxide to leak out and start a fire.