winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Fenriz was one half of the Norwegian heavy metal band that formed in 1986 under what name?

<P0-S0> Darkthrone is a Norwegian heavy metal band. <P0-S1>  It formed in 1986 as a death metal band under the name Black Death. <P0-S2>  In 1991, the band embraced a black metal style influenced by Bathory and Celtic Frost and became one of the leading bands in the Norwegian black metal scene. <P0-S3>  Their first three black metal albums—"A Blaze in the Northern Sky", "Under a Funeral Moon" and "Transilvanian Hunger" (sometimes dubbed the "Unholy Trinity") — are considered the peak of the band's career and to be among the most influential albums in the genre. <P0-S4>  For most of this time, Darkthrone has been a duo of Nocturno Culto and Fenriz, who have sought to remain outside the music mainstream. <P0-S5>  Since 2006, their work has strayed from the traditional black metal style and incorporated more elements of traditional heavy metal, speed metal and punk rock, being likened to Motörhead. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Although primarily a drummer, he has also performed bass, guitar and vocals for Darkthrone and a number of other metal bands. <P1-S1>  Fenriz is known for his refusal to play live, his obsessiveness about music listening, supporting other underground bands and his lack of interest in the mainstream music business in general. <P1-S2> Gylve Fenris Nagell (born 28 November 1971), better known as Fenriz, is a Norwegian musician and politician who is best known as being one half of the metal duo Darkthrone. <P1-S3>  Fenriz has had three solo projects: the folk metal project Isengard, the dark ambient project Neptune Towers and the doom metal project Red Planet. <SEP> <P2-S0> Jan Axel "Hellhammer" Blomberg (born 2 August 1969) is a Norwegian heavy metal drummer. <P2-S1>  He is best known as the drummer of Mayhem, which he joined in 1988. <P2-S2>  In 1987 Blomberg formed the avant-garde black metal band Arcturus (under the name Mortem) with Steinar Sverd Johnsen, which broke up in April 2007 and reunited in 2011. <P2-S3>  He named himself after the Swiss extreme metal band Hellhammer. <P2-S4>  Praised as a talented musician, Blomberg is a three-time winner of the Spellemannprisen award. <SEP> <P3-S0> Circle the Wagons is the 14th album by the Norwegian band Darkthrone. <P3-S1>  The album was released on 5 April 2010. <P3-S2>  Fenriz, the band's drummer, described the music as Darkthrone's "own brand of heavy metal/speed metal-punk" and declared it a further shift from their old black metal style. <P3-S3>  About half of the album was written by Fenriz and half by Nocturno Culto.
Question: Oh My Ghostess was a television series starring the actress who had a role in what 2008 hit film?

<P0-S0> My Fair Lady () is a South Korean television series starring Heo Jung-eun in the title role, with Oh Ji-ho, Park Jin-hee and Oh Yoon-ah. <P0-S1>  It aired every Wednesday and Thursday from November 16, 2016 to January 5, 2017 on KBS2 at 22:00 KST. <SEP> <P1-S0> Park Bo-young (born February 12, 1990) is a South Korean actress. <P1-S1>  She is best known for her roles in the hit films "Scandal Makers" (2008) and "A Werewolf Boy" (2012), and the television series "Oh My Ghostess" (2015) and "Strong Woman Do Bong-soon" (2017). <SEP> <P2-S0> Rita Bhaduri (Bengali: রীতা ভাদুড়ি , Hindi: रीटा भादुड़ी ) is an Indian film and now television actress. <P2-S1>  She initially appeared as supporting actress in various Bollywood films during the 1970s, 1980s, & 1990s. <P2-S2>  Currently, she works as television actor, playing the role of biji in "Bani - Ishq Da Kalma" on "Colors" and in "Rishtey". <P2-S3>  She is most known for films like "Sawan Ko Aane Do" a 1979 Rajshri Productions film, and "Raja" (1995) for which she received a Filmfare Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress. <P2-S4>  She had a supporting role as Julie's best friend in the hit film Julie (1975 film) (1975), where the song "Yeh Ratien Nayi Purani," was picturized on her. <SEP> <P3-S0> Oh My Ghostess () is a 2015 South Korean television series starring Jo Jung-suk, Park Bo-young, Kim Seul-gie and Lim Ju-hwan. <P3-S1>  It aired on tvN from July 3 to August 22, 2015, on Fridays and Saturdays at 20:30 for 16 episodes.
Question: Christian Soucy is a former professional ice hockey goaltender who is considered the NHL's version of what major league baseball player who appeared in one game for the Giants on June 29, 1905?

<P0-S0> Archibald Wright "Moonlight" Graham (November 12, 1877 – August 25, 1965) was an American professional baseball player and medical doctor who appeared as a right fielder in a single major league game for the New York Giants on June 29, 1905. <P0-S1>  His story was popularized by "Shoeless Joe", a novel by W. P. Kinsella, and the subsequent 1989 film "Field of Dreams", starring Kevin Costner, and featuring Burt Lancaster and Frank Whaley, respectively, as older and younger incarnations of Graham. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He appeared in three minutes of one National Hockey League game with the Chicago Blackhawks in the 1993–94 season. <P1-S1>  Soucy did not face a shot during that brief appearance. <P1-S2> Christian Soucy (born September 14, 1970) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. <P1-S3>  This effectively renders Soucy as the NHL's comparable version to Major League Baseball's legendary Moonlight Graham. <P1-S4>  Soucy's record was surpassed by Jorge Alves on December 31, 2016, who played 7.6 seconds in his only NHL game. <SEP> <P2-S0> Daniel Taylor (born April 28, 1986) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently playing with the Belleville Senators in the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the Ottawa Senators organization of the National Hockey League (NHL). <P2-S1>  He was a seventh round selection of the Los Angeles Kings, 221st overall, at the 2004 NHL Entry Draft and appeared in one game for Los Angeles. <P2-S2>  He has also played for the Calgary Flames in the NHL and the Hamburg Freezers of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). <SEP> <P3-S0> Paul Pageau (born October 1, 1959) is a retired Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played in one National Hockey League game for the Los Angeles Kings during the 1980–81 NHL season. <P3-S1>  In that game, he gave up eight goals, the second most of any goalie who played only one game. <P3-S2>  Only Ron Loustel, who played in one game for the Winnipeg Jets in the same season, allowed more in his only game; Loustel allowed 10 goals in his only NHL start.
Question: Which game, Modern Art or GridIron Master, is of Canadian origins?

<P0-S0>  Players represent art dealers, both buying and selling works of art by five different fictional artists. <P0-S1>  At the end of each round, they sell the paintings they bought back to the "bank". <P0-S2> Modern Art is an auction game designed by Reiner Knizia and first published in 1992 by Hans im Glück in German. <P0-S3>  More popular artists' works are worth more, and the value carries over into future rounds. <SEP> <P1-S0> Pitchnut is a wooden tabletop game of French Canadian origins, similar to carrom, crokinole and pichenotte, with mechanics that lie somewhere between pocket billiards and air hockey. <P1-S1>  Unlike with pichenotte, there are no records of pitchnut being mass-produced; all existing boards are handmade and frequently handed down from generation to generation. <P1-S2>  The game is common on the farming villages south of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada and Amherst, Massachusetts. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was first published by Canadian company "PHI Sports Games" in 2007. <P2-S1> GridIron Master is a wooden board game invented by Brett Proud, Craig Proud, Paul Morin and Jordan Sampson. <P2-S2>  It combines the strategic elements of American and Canadian Football with chess. <P2-S3>  The Canadian Edition of "GridIron Master" is licensed by the Canadian Football League Players Association (CFLPA). <SEP> <P3-S0> Ana Mercedes Hoyos (29 September 1942-5 September 2014) was a Colombian painter, sculptor and a pioneer in modern art in the country. <P3-S1>  In her half-century of artistic works, she garnered over seventeen awards of national and international recognition. <P3-S2>  Beginning her career in a Pop Art style which moved towards abstract, her trajectory moved toward cubism and realism as she explored light, color, sensuality and the bounty of her surroundings. <P3-S3>  Her reinterpretations of master painters led her to an exploration of Colombian multiculturalism, and her later works focused on Afro-Colombian and mestizo heritage within the Colombian landscape. <P3-S4>  Her works can be found in the permanent collections of the Fuji Art Museum in Tokyo; the in Zaragoza, Spain; the Museum of Modern Art in Mexico City; the Nassau County Museum of Art of Roslyn Harbor, New York, as well as the Bogotá Museum of Modern Art and museums in other Latin American cities. <P3-S5>  Her collection of archival materials on San Basilio de Palenque were donated to the United Nations University in Tokyo and the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture.
Question: What American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA), was featured on the show Unique Whips on the defunct Speed Channel?

<P0-S0> Unique Whips was a television show that aired on the defunct Speed Channel from 2005–2008. <P0-S1>  The show follows the work of Unique Autosports based on Long Island, New York as they customize celebrity automobiles. <P0-S2>  Created and Produced by Steve Hillebrand and Corey Damsker of Hollywood East www.hollywoodeast.tv. <P0-S3>  The customization generally consists of car stereo, wheels, custom paint and interior work. <P0-S4>  Celebrities whose cars were featured on the show include: P. Diddy, DJ Pauly D, Jeff Gordon, Tony Stewart, Pam Anderson, Patti LaBelle, 50 Cent, LeBron James, Carmelo Anthony, Marcus Camby, Fat Joe, and Tom Wolfe. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Anthony attended Towson Catholic High School and Oak Hill Academy before playing college basketball at Syracuse. <P1-S1>  In Anthony's freshman season, he led the Orangemen to their first and only National Championship and was named the NCAA Tournament's Most Outstanding Player. <P1-S2> Carmelo Kyam Anthony (born May 29, 1984) is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA). <P1-S3>  Anthony then entered the 2003 NBA draft where he was selected with the third overall pick by the Denver Nuggets. <SEP> <P2-S0> Daniel Hamilton (born August 8, 1995) is an American basketball player for the Oklahoma City Thunder of the National Basketball Association (NBA), on a two-way contract with the Thunder's NBA G League affiliate, the Oklahoma City Blue. <P2-S1>  He played college basketball for the Connecticut Huskies, and earned second-team all-conference honors in the American Athletic Conference (AAC) as a sophomore. <P2-S2>  After he decided to forgo his remaining two years of college eligibility, Hamilton was selected in the second round of the 2016 NBA draft by the Denver Nuggets. <P2-S3>  The draft right later was traded to the Oklahoma City Thunder. <SEP> <P3-S0> James Edward Harden Jr. (born August 26, 1989) is an American professional basketball player for the Houston Rockets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). <P3-S1>  Harden played college basketball for Arizona State, where he was named a consensus All-American and Pac-10 Player of the Year in 2009. <P3-S2>  Harden was selected with the third overall pick in the 2009 NBA draft by the Oklahoma City Thunder. <P3-S3>  In 2012, he was named NBA Sixth Man of the Year with the Thunder and helped the team reach the NBA Finals.
Question: What was the name of season one episode of the American animated television series in which Mary Jo Catlett has a role as Mrs. Puff?

<P0-S0> Jessica "Jessie" Flower (real name Michaela Murphy; born August 18, 1994) is an American voice actress. <P0-S1>  She is best known as the voice of Toph Beifong in the animated television series "". <P0-S2>  She also voiced the character in the season one episode "The Fortuneteller". <P0-S3>  She voices Peggy in "Random! <P0-S4>  Cartoons" episode Tiffany. <P0-S5>  Jessie has been in several movies, including "Meet the Robinsons", "Over the Hedge", "The Ant Bully", "Finding Nemo", "The Emperor's New School", and "Brother Bear 2". <SEP> <P1-S0> "Spookyfish" is the fifteenth episode in the second season of the American animated television series "South Park". <P1-S1>  The 28th episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on October 28, 1998. <P1-S2>  The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker. <P1-S3>  It was the season's Halloween special, featuring the "spooky" theme of having pictures of Barbra Streisand in the screen corners, accompanied with the words "Spooky Vision" (in response to Streisand's negative reception to the season one episode "Mecha-Streisand"). <SEP> <P2-S0> Mary Jo Catlett (born September 2, 1938) is an American actress. <P2-S1>  She is notable for her role as housekeeper Pearl Gallagher on the television sitcom "Diff'rent Strokes", and currently for her role as Mrs. Puff in "SpongeBob SquarePants", which she has held since the show's debut. <SEP> <P3-S0>  She is voiced by actress Mary Jo Catlett and debuted in the season one episode "Boating School" on August 7, 1999. <P3-S1>  Mrs. Puff was created and designed by marine biologist and animator Stephen Hillenburg. <P3-S2>  He developed the character in response to a request from Nickelodeon that the show star a schoolteacher. <P3-S3> Mrs. Puff is a fictional character in the American animated television series "SpongeBob SquarePants" and both films based on the franchise. <P3-S4>  Hillenburg did not want to write SpongeBob as a school-age child, so Mrs. Puff was introduced as his driving instructor rather than a classroom educator.
Question: Which focused more on feminist issues, Nabil Ayouch or Agnès Varda?

<P0-S0> Nabil Ayouch (born 1 April 1969) is a French-Moroccan television and film director, producer and writer of Moroccan origin. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Beaches of Agnès (French: "Les plages d'Agnès" ) is a 2008 French documentary film directed by Agnès Varda. <P1-S1>  The film is an autobiographical essay where Varda revisits places from her past, reminisces about life and celebrates her 80th birthday on camera. <P1-S2>  She has said that it will most likely be her last film. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Her films, photographs, and art installations focus on documentary realism, feminist issues, and social commentary with a distinct experimental style. <P2-S1> Agnès Varda (] ; born 30 May 1928) is a Belgian-born film director who has spent most of her working life in France. <SEP> <P3-S0> La Pointe Courte is a 1955 French drama film directed by Agnès Varda. <P3-S1>  The film was Varda's debut, and has been cited by many critics as a forerunner of the French New Wave. <P3-S2>  The film takes place in Sète (south of France), la pointe courte is a tiny quarter of the town known as the fisherman's village.
Question: The Treasons Act 1571 was repealed at the beginning of the reign of a monarch who was raised as what?

<P0-S0> The Treasons Act 1649 or Act declaring what offences shall be adjudged Treason was passed on 17 July 1649 by the Rump Parliament during the Commonwealth of England. <P0-S1>  It superseded the "Act declaring what offences shall be adjudged Treason" passed about two months earlier on 14 May 1649. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He was crowned on 20 February at the age of nine. <P1-S1>  The son of Henry VIII and Jane Seymour, Edward was England's first monarch to be raised as a Protestant. <P1-S2>  During his reign, the realm was governed by a Regency Council because he never reached his majority. <P1-S3>  The Council was first led by his uncle Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (1547–1549), and then by John Dudley, 1st Earl of Warwick, from 1551 Duke of Northumberland. <P1-S4> Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It restored the provisions of the Treasons Act 1534, which had been passed by Parliament during the reign of her father, Henry VIII of England, and then repealed by the Treason Act 1547 at the beginning of the reign of her brother, Edward VI of England. <P2-S1>  The long title of the Act was "An Acte whereby certayne Offences be made Treason." <P2-S2> The Treasons Act 1571 (13 Eliz.1 c.1) was an Act of the Parliament of England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Treasons Act 1534 (26 Hen. <P3-S1>  8. <P3-S2>  c. 13) was an Act passed by the Parliament of England in 1534, during the reign of King Henry VIII.
Question:  Hwang Jung-min starred in a film directed by who?

<P0-S0> Bloody Tie (; lit. <P0-S1>  "A Life-or-Death Decision") is a 2006 South Korean film. <P0-S2>  Directed by Choi Ho, it stars Hwang Jung-min as a detective trying to track down a drug lord by cooperating with a mid-level drug dealer, played by Ryoo Seung-bum. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He is one of the highest-grossing actors in South Korea, and has starred in several box office hits such as "Ode to My Father" (2014), "Veteran" (2015), "The Himalayas" (2015), "A Violent Prosecutor" (2015) and "The Wailing" (2016). <P1-S1>  Hwang is the third actor in South Korea to be part of the "100 Million Viewer Club" in Chungmuro. <P1-S2> Hwang Jung-min (born September 1, 1970) is a South Korean actor. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Himalayas () is a 2015 South Korean drama film directed by Lee Seok-hoon. <P2-S1>  The film was released on December 16, 2015. <SEP> <P3-S0> Happiness () is a 2007 South Korean film, directed by Hur Jin-ho and starring Hwang Jung-min and Im Soo-jung. <P3-S1>  It is a love story about two people who meet while battling serious illnesses.
Question: Who was this Irish-born American schoolteacher and dressmaker who helped coordinate major strikes and was detained in Mother Jones' Prison?

<P0-S0> Pajonga Daeng Ngalie Karaeng Polongbangkeng (1901 – February 23, 1958) was an Indonesian governor who helped coordinate attacks in South Sulawesi during the National Revolution as well as promote integration in Indonesia. <P0-S1>  He was conferred the titles of "National Hero of Indonesia" ("Pahlawan Nasional") and "Tanda Kehormatan Bintang Maha Putra Adipradana" in 2006. <SEP> <P1-S0> Abraham Lincoln Woods, Jr. (October 7, 1928 – November 7, 2008) was an American civil rights leader, who helped coordinate the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom and stood behind Martin Luther King, Jr. during his historic "I Have a Dream" speech. <SEP> <P2-S0> Mary Harris "Mother" Jones (1837 – 30 November 1930) was an Irish-born American schoolteacher and dressmaker who became a prominent organized labor representative and community organizer. <P2-S1>  She helped coordinate major strikes and cofounded the Industrial Workers of the World. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mother Jones' Prison, also known as Mrs. Carney's Boarding House, was a National Historic Landmark located at Pratt, Kanawha County, West Virginia. <P3-S1>  It was the "prison" in which labor organizer and agitator Mary Harris "Mother Jones" was detained during the 1912–1913 mine wars. <P3-S2>  It was a large two-story structure constructed by the Willis Brothers and used mostly as a boarding house.
Question: What was the name of the submachine gun used during World War II, that was designed by Aimo Lahti?

<P0-S0> 7,62 ITKK 31 VKT or 7,62 mm VKT anti-aircraft machine gun was the primary anti-aircraft machine gun of the Finnish Army during World War II. <P0-S1>  The weapon was designed by the Finnish gunsmith Aimo Lahti. <P0-S2>  507 weapons were produced in two versions, 7,62 ItKk/31 VKT and an improved 7,62 ItKk/31-40 VKT, between 1933 and 1944. <SEP> <P1-S0> 20 ItK 40 VKT or "20 mm dual anti-aircraft cannon model 1940 manufactured by VKT" was a Finnish light anti-aircraft gun designed by the Finnish gunsmith Aimo Lahti. <P1-S1>  As the only multi-barrel 20 mm anti-aircraft gun 20 ItK 40 VKT was the most effective 20 mm air defence weapon used by the Finnish Army during World War II. <P1-S2>  A total of 174 guns were built, used in training until the 1970s and kept in reserve until 1988. <P1-S3>  The gun received the nickname "Vekotin" (gadget) from Finnish soldiers. <P1-S4>  The nickname was reached by adding to the abbreviation of manufacturer, VKT. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was a descendant of the M-22 prototype and the KP/-26 production model, which was revealed to the public in 1925. <P2-S1>  The "Suomi-konepistooli KP/-31" is often abbreviated to "Suomi KP". <P2-S2> The Suomi KP/-31 (Suomi-konepistooli or "Submachine-gun Finland", literally: "Machine-pistol Finland") was a submachine gun (SMG) of Finnish design used during World War II. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Of the 50 weapons he designed, the best known is the Suomi M-31 SMG. <P3-S1>  Other well-known weapon designs of his include the Lahti-Saloranta M/26 LMG, Lahti L-35 pistol, and Lahti L-39 anti-tank rifle. <P3-S2> Aimo Johannes Lahti (April 28, 1896 – April 19, 1970) was a self-taught Finnish weapons designer. <P3-S3>  Lahti also designed the 7,62 ITKK 31 VKT anti-aircraft machine gun and the 20 ITK 40 VKT anti-aircraft cannon.
Question: The band that performed a song used worldwide as an anti-fascist hymn was formed in what year?

<P0-S0> Koma Dengê Azadî (Voice of Liberty), formed in Istanbul in 1990, was one of the most popular and longest-running Kurdish bands in Turkey. <P0-S1>  Like other Kurdish bands of the 90's, Koma Dengê Azadî adopted a style which was completely new for the Kurdish music scene, reinterpreting traditional Kurdish Music in a modern form with particular appeal to a young generation of urban Kurds and Turks. <P0-S2>  They also performed Kurdish translations of international songs such as "Bella Ciao". <SEP> <P1-S0> "Bella ciao" is an Italian partisan song which originated during the Italian civil war. <P1-S1>  It is used worldwide as an anti-fascist hymn of freedom and resistance. <SEP> <P2-S0> Thyme was a Japanese pop/rock band. <P2-S1>  Originally, it was a solo project by the female singer Thyme, who had previously released three singles in 2002 as Sayaka Kamiyama. <P2-S2>  Kamiyama started collaborating with sound engineer Teppei Shimizu in July 2004, and changed her name to Thyme in June 2005. <P2-S3>  In December 2005, Thyme (the singer) and Shimizu formed the duo "Thyme" (the singer's name is normally stylized as "thyme" for distinction). <P2-S4>  In July 2006, Takafumi Hoshino officially joined and Thyme became a three-piece band. <P2-S5>  They had their major debut in September 2007 with their first official single "Hello". <P2-S6>  Thyme released their second single "Forever We Can Make It!" <P2-S7>  in April 2008; the title song was used as the opening theme to the anime series "To Love-Ru". <P2-S8>  Thyme released their third single "Fly Away" on August 6, 2008, which had the title song used as the opening to the anime "Mahō Tsukai ni Taisetsu na Koto: Natsu no Sora". <P2-S9>  Thyme released their first (and only) album "First 9uality" on September 3, 2008. <P2-S10>  On September 23, 2010, the band officially announced they have broken up, and Thyme (the singer) restarted her solo singing career. <P2-S11>  The band's name comes from the herb thyme. <SEP> <P3-S0> "The Bare Necessities" is a song, written by Terry Gilkyson, from the animated 1967 Disney film "The Jungle Book", sung by Phil Harris as Baloo and Bruce Reitherman as Mowgli. <P3-S1>  Originally, it was written for an earlier draft of the movie that was never produced. <P3-S2>  The Sherman Brothers, who wrote the other songs of the film, kept this as the only song used from the previous version. <P3-S3>  A reprise of the song was sung by Sebastian Cabot as Bagheera and Phil Harris as Baloo at the end of the film. <P3-S4>  Van Dyke Parks worked on the arrangement, which was his first paid gig after moving to California. <P3-S5>  The song was also sung by Louis Armstrong. <P3-S6>  In 1967, "The Bare Necessities" was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song. <P3-S7>  A hip-hop version of the song performed by Lou Rawls was used as the theme song for "Jungle Cubs".
Question: What was the original spelling of the name of the coloratura soprano who sang in Verdi's La Traviata at the Aix-en-Provence Festival?

<P0-S0> Natalie Dessay (] ; born Nathalie Dessaix, 19 April 1965, in Lyon) is a French opera singer who had a highly acclaimed career as a coloratura soprano before leaving the opera stage on 15 October 2013. <P0-S1>  She dropped the silent "h" in her first name in honor of Natalie Wood when she was in grade school and subsequently simplified the spelling of her surname. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Directed by Philippe Béziat, the film focuses largely on stage director working with coloratura soprano Natalie Dessay. <P1-S1>  The film's French title is Traviata et nous ("Traviata and Us"). <P1-S2> Becoming Traviata is a 2012 French documentary film chronicling rehearsals of the Verdi opera "La traviata" at the Aix-en-Provence Festival. <SEP> <P2-S0> Maria Spezia-Aldighieri (1828–1907) was an Italian operatic soprano who had an active international career from 1849 up into the 1870s. <P2-S1>  She excelled in the coloratura soprano repertoire and was particularly admired for her portrayals in the operas of Giuseppe Verdi. <P2-S2>  Her performance of Violetta in Verdi's "La traviata" at the Teatro San Benedetto in Venice in 1854 is credited with popularizing the opera after it had initially flopped at its premiere in 1853. <P2-S3>  She was married to baritone Gottardo Aldighieri and is the great grandmother of singer George Aaron. <SEP> <P3-S0> Anna de La Grange de Stankowitch (1825–1905) was a French coloratura soprano. <P3-S1>  She was one of the most noted opera singers of the nineteenth century, a protegée of Rossini and Meyerbeer, and played Violetta in the American premiere of Verdi's "La Traviata" in New York in 1856. <P3-S2>  She was also a composer in her own right.
Question: Which chain was founded first Toppers Pizza or Pietro's Pizza?

<P0-S0>  The chain was founded by Scott Gittrich in 1991 in Champaign, Illinois, but the original location closed in the mid-1990s. <P0-S1>  The first Toppers Pizza location in Wisconsin opened in Whitewater in 1993. <P0-S2> Toppers Pizza is a chain of pizzerias in the United States. <P0-S3>  The company is headquartered in Whitewater, Wisconsin. <P0-S4>  The first official franchise store opened in Eau Claire, WI in 1997. <SEP> <P1-S0> Topper's Pizza or Toppers Pizza may refer to one of three pizza chains: <SEP> <P2-S0> Rabbe Anders Grönblom (May 3, 1950 Helsinki, Finland – June 29, 2015) was a Finland-Swedish businessman who started a successful pizza business in Vaasa, Finland. <P2-S1>  His first company—a pizzeria—was called "O sole mio" and it was founded in 1976 in the center of Vaasa. <P2-S2>  From there he expanded to a pizza franchise chain first called "Pizzeria N:o 1". <P2-S3>  He was known as the "Pizza-emperor" (Pizzakeisari in Finnish), because he was the founder of a well known pizza franchise chain called Kotipizza which was the new name of "Pizzeria N:o 1" which expanded fast outside of Vaasa. <P2-S4>  The chain is said to be the biggest one in the Nordic countries. <P2-S5>  He was also the founder of a shipping company called RG Line, a hotel chain called Omenahotelli and another pizza chain called Golden Rax Pizzabuffet. <P2-S6>  Most of his companies are subsidiaries of Grönblom International LTD, where Rabbe Grönblom acted as director. <P2-S7>  Golden Rax Pizzabuffet however is nowadays a part of Finland's largest hotel & restaurant company Restel Oy Ltd, where Rabbe Grönblom sat on the board. <P2-S8>  He was also on the board of the Finnish tyre company Nokian Renkaat (since 2003). <SEP> <P3-S0>  Founded in 1957, the chain grew to about 80 restaurants and changed owners several times before shrinking to only four stores. <P3-S1>  The company is based in Milwaukie, Oregon. <P3-S2> Pietro's Pizza is a small pizza chain in the U.S. state of Oregon.
Question: Which Coronation Street character was killed off by drowning, having played the father of Michelle Keegan's character for just over a year?

<P0-S0> Dennis Tanner is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, "Coronation Street", played by Philip Lowrie. <P0-S1>  The character was created by writer Tony Warren and was introduced in the very first episode on 9 December 1960. <P0-S2>  Lowrie remained in the role for just over a year before being written out unexpectedly in 1962 when a strike by the actor's union Equity prevented new contracts being signed. <P0-S3>  Although the strike ended a few months later, Lowrie chose not to return until a year later. <P0-S4>  After a further five years, Lowrie became frustrated with the material his character was getting and chose not to renew his contract. <P0-S5>  Dennis departed "Coronation Street" on 12 June 1968, shortly after marrying girlfriend Jenny Sutton. <SEP> <P1-S0> Michelle Keegan (born 3 June 1987) is an English actress. <P1-S1>  Keegan is known for portraying Tina McIntyre in the ITV soap opera "Coronation Street" between 2008 and 2014. <P1-S2>  In 2015, Keegan played the role of Tracy in the BBC drama series "Ordinary Lies". <P1-S3>  In 2016 she began playing Corporal Georgie Lane in BBC hit drama series "Our Girl" taking over the lead role from "EastEnders" actress Lacey Turner. <P1-S4>  She was awarded FHM "Sexiest Woman in The World" in 2015. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kenneth "Ken" Barlow is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, "Coronation Street", played by William Roache. <P2-S1>  Ken was created by Tony Warren as one of "Coronation Street's" original characters. <P2-S2>  He debuted in the soap's first episode on 9 December 1960. <P2-S3>  Having appeared continuously since the programme's inception, December 2010 marked Ken's 50th anniversary on-screen. <P2-S4>  At this time, Roache officially became the longest-serving actor in a televised soap opera. <P2-S5>  Roache was honoured at the 2010 Guinness World Records ceremony for the achievement, when he surpassed actor Don Hastings from the American soap opera "As the World Turns", who previously held this title. <P2-S6>  Roache stated in 2010 that he has no plans to leave the role and will remain in "Coronation Street" for as long as they will have him. <SEP> <P3-S0> Joseph "Joe" McIntyre is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, "Coronation Street". <P3-S1>  The character was portrayed by actor Reece Dinsdale. <P3-S2>  Joe was introduced as the father of Tina McIntyre (Michelle Keegan), and made his first appearing on-screen during the episode that aired in the UK on 26 May 2008. <P3-S3>  After Dinsdale quit the show in 2009, the character was killed-off in February 2010, when Joe tried to fake his own death in order to claim insurance money, but died in a boating accident when he was knocked overboard by the sail, and drowned in a lake.
Question: What mixtape by Jadakiss features a guest appearance from a Moroccan-American hip hop recording artist

<P0-S0> Inzombia (stylized as InZombia) is a mixtape by Palestinian-Canadian hip hop recording artist Belly. <P0-S1>  It was released on November 11, 2016 by Roc Nation. <P0-S2>  Record production on the mixtape was handled by Belly alongside a variety of producers such as Infamous, Ben Billions, DaHeala, Velous, Danny Boy Styles and more. <P0-S3>  The mixtape features guest appearances from Jadakiss, Future, Nav, Young Thug, Zack, Ty Dolla Sign and Ashanti. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It was released on April 27, 2012. <P1-S1> Consignment is the fifth mixtape released by rap artist Jadakiss. <P1-S2>  The mixtape has been downloaded over 1 million times on DatPiff, certifying it double platinum. <P1-S3>  The mixtape features guest appearances from Wale, French Montana, Styles P, Meek Mill, Yung Joc, Fabolous, Lloyd Banks, Young Jeezy, Yo Gotti, Ace Hood, Waka Flocka Flame, Slim Dunkin, 2 Chainz, Emanny, Cito, Goldie, Swerv, Future, Gucci Mane, Sheek Louch and Trae Tha Truth. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Born in Morocco, he immigrated to the United States with his family when he was 13 years old. <P2-S1>  He is the founder of Coke Boys Records, and its predecessor Cocaine City Records. <P2-S2> Karim Kharbouch (born November 9, 1984), better known by his stage name French Montana, is a Moroccan-American hip hop recording artist. <P2-S3>  In 2012, he signed a joint-venture recording deal with Bad Boy Records and Maybach Music Group. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Respect My Conglomerate" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Busta Rhymes, released on April 4, 2009, as the third single from "Back on My B.S." (2009). <P3-S1>  It is also featured as a bonus track from Jadakiss's third album "The Last Kiss" (2009). <P3-S2>  The track features verses from fellow American rappers Jadakiss and Lil Wayne (Young Jeezy was featured in the original version), and features backing vocals by guest vocalist Debby Coda. <P3-S3>  The song was released digitally on April 4, 2009.
Question: Introduced in the Broadway musical starring Fred and Adele Astaire, the song Oh, Lady Be Good! was written by whom?

<P0-S0> "' S Wonderful" is a popular song composed by George Gershwin, with lyrics written by Ira Gershwin. <P0-S1>  It was introduced in the Broadway musical "Funny Face" (1927) by Adele Astaire and Allen Kearns. <SEP> <P1-S0>  is a 1924 song by George and Ira Gershwin. <P1-S1> Oh, Lady Be Good! <P1-S2>  It was introduced by Walter Catlett in the Broadway musical "Lady, Be Good! <P1-S3> ", written by Guy Bolton, Fred Thompson, and the Gershwin brothers, starring Fred and Adele Astaire. <P1-S4>  It ran for 330 performances in its original Broadway run. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Gay Divorcee is a 1934 American musical film directed by Mark Sandrich and starring Fred Astaire and Ginger Rogers. <P2-S1>  It also features Alice Brady, Edward Everett Horton, Eric Blore and Erik Rhodes, and was based on the Broadway musical "Gay Divorce" written by Dwight Taylor from an unproduced play by J. Hartley Manners, which was adapted into a musical by Kenneth S. Webb and Samuel Hoffenstein. <P2-S2>  The film's screenplay was written by George Marion Jr., Dorothy Yost and Edward Kaufman. <P2-S3>  Robert Benchley, H. W. Hanemann and Stanley Rauh made uncredited contributions to the dialogue. <SEP> <P3-S0>  She was Fred Astaire's elder sister, and his partner in a 27-year career in vaudeville and theater, beginning when he was five and she was eight. <P3-S1> Adele, Lady Charles Cavendish (born Adele Marie Austerlitz; September 10, 1896 – January 25, 1981) was an American dancer, stage actress and singer.
Question: Blue Picardy Spaniel and Alpine Dachsbracke, are a breed of what?

<P0-S0> The Picardy Spaniel is a breed of dog developed in France for use as a gundog. <P0-S1>  It is related to the Blue Picardy Spaniel, and still has many similarities, but the Picardy Spaniel is the older of the two breeds. <P0-S2>  It is thought to be one of the two oldest continental spaniel breeds and was favoured by the French nobility, remaining popular for hunting after the French Revolution due to its weather resistant coat that enabled it to hunt in a variety of conditions and terrain. <P0-S3>  However its popularity waned following the influx of English hunting breeds in the early 20th century. <P0-S4>  Slightly smaller than an English Setter but larger than most of its spaniel cousins, it has no major health issues although as with many breeds with pendulous ears, it can be prone to ear infections. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It is descended from Picardy Spaniels and English Setters, and is described as a quiet breed that requires much exercise due to its stamina. <P1-S1>  It is especially good with children. <P1-S2>  Similar to the Picardy Spaniel, it has a distinctive coloured coat. <P1-S3> The Blue Picardy Spaniel (or Épagneul Bleu de Picardie) is a breed of Spaniel originating in France, from the area around the mouth of the River Somme, around the start of the 20th century. <P1-S4>  Recognised by only a handful of kennel associations, the breed is predominantly known in France and Canada. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Alpine Spaniel is an extinct breed of dog which was used in mountain rescues by the Augustinian Canons, who run hospices in the region around the Great St. Bernard Pass. <P2-S1>  The spaniel was a large dog notable for its thick curly coat. <P2-S2>  One of the most famous specimens of the Alpine Spaniel is Barry, however his preserved body has been modified on more than one occasion to fit with descriptions of the extinct breed from earlier time periods. <P2-S3>  Due to the conditions in the Alps, and a series of accidents, extinction was discussed as a possibility by authors during the 1830s, and at some point prior to 1847 the entire breed was reduced to a single example due to disease. <P2-S4>  Evidence held at the Natural History Museum in Bern show that two distinct breeds of dog were being used in the area during this time period. <P2-S5>  The breed is thought to be the predecessor to the modern St. Bernard and the Clumber Spaniel. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Alpenländische Dachsbracke) is a small breed of dog of the scent hound type originating in Austria. <P3-S1>  The Alpine Dachsbracke was bred to track wounded deer as well as boar, hare, and fox. <P3-S2> The Alpine Dachsbracke (ger. <P3-S3>  It is highly efficient at following a trail even after it has gone cold. <P3-S4>  The Alpine Dachsbracke is very sturdy, and Austria is said to be the country of origin.
Question: Satoru Nakamura was a Japanese educator and Scouting leader during what record period of economic growth between post-World War II era to the end of Cold War in Japan?

<P0-S0> The economic history of Japan is most studied for the spectacular social and economic growth in the 1800s after the Meiji Restoration, when it became the first non-European great power, and for its expansion after the Second World War, when Japan recovered from devastation to become the world's second largest economy behind the United States, and from 2013 behind China as well. <P0-S1>  Scholars have evaluated the nation's unique economic position during the Cold War, with exports going to both U.S.- and Soviet-aligned powers, and have taken keen interest in the situation of the post-Cold War period of the Japanese 'lost decades'. <SEP> <P1-S0> The post–World War II economic expansion, also known as the postwar economic boom, the long boom, and the Golden Age of Capitalism, was a period of strong economic growth beginning after World War II and ending with the 1973–75 recession. <P1-S1>  The United States, Western Europe and East Asian countries in particular experienced unusually high and sustained growth, together with full employment. <P1-S2>  Contrary to early predictions, this high growth also included many countries that had been devastated by the war, such as Japan (Japanese post-war economic miracle), West Germany (Wirtschaftswunder), France (Trente Glorieuses), Italy (Italian economic miracle), and Greece (Greek economic miracle). <SEP> <P2-S0>  During the economic boom, Japan rapidly became the world's second largest economy (after the United States) by the 1960s. <P2-S1>  By 1990s, Japan's demographics began stagnating and the workforce was no longer expanding as it did in previous decades, despite per worker productivity remaining high. <P2-S2> The Japanese economic miracle was Japan's record period of economic growth between post-World War II era to the end of Cold War. <SEP> <P3-S0> , pen name Higashino Michiyoshi (東野通義), was a Japanese educator and Scouting leader active during the expansion period of Scouting in Japan, both before World War II and the postwar rebuilding period. <P3-S1> Satoru Nakamura (中村 知 , Nakamura Satoru , February 21, 1893 - March 1, 1972) , Scout name "Chi-yan", (ちーやん meaning?)
Question: "Guilty" by the band Blue was co-written by a "The X Factor UK" judge that is a lead singer for what pop group?

<P0-S0> "Guilty" is a 2003 single by the British boy band Blue from their third album of the same name. <P0-S1>  It was co-written by Gary Barlow, singer-songwriter from the popular boyband Take That. <P0-S2>  It reached a peak position of No. 2 on the UK Singles Chart and placed within the top 40 in many other countries. <SEP> <P1-S0> Gary Barlow OBE (born 20 January 1971) is an English singer, songwriter and record producer. <P1-S1>  Barlow also served as head judge of "The X Factor UK" from 2011 to 2013 and "Let It Shine" in 2017. <P1-S2>  Barlow is one of Britain's most successful songwriters, having written fourteen number one singles and twenty-four top 10 hits. <P1-S3>  He is frontman and lead vocalist of British pop-group Take That. <P1-S4>  He has had three number one singles, six top 10 singles and two number one albums as a solo artist, and has had seventeen top 5 hits, twelve number one singles and seven number one albums with Take That. <P1-S5>  He is also a six-time recipient of the Ivor Novello Award and has sold over 50 million records worldwide. <SEP> <P2-S0> "All or Nothing" is a song by American boy band O-Town. <P2-S1>  The pop ballad was written by Wayne Hector and Steve Mac, and produced by Mac. <P2-S2>  It was released in July 2001 as the second single from their debut album "O-Town". <P2-S3>  The song reached number 5 in Canada, number 3 in the United States, and number 4 in the United Kingdom. <P2-S4>  In 2006, Irish boy band Westlife recorded a cover version on their seventh studio album, "The Love Album" - to which is used extensively as background music during the audition stages of "The X Factor UK". <SEP> <P3-S0> Only the Young were an English pop group consisting of Mikey Bromley, Betsy-Blue English, Charlie George and Parisa Tarjomani. <P3-S1>  They were created and managed by Jo Perry. <P3-S2>  The group previously featured George Shelley, who auditioned for ninth series of "The X Factor" as a soloist who was later added to Union J who made the live shows, eventually finishing in fourth place in the semi-final. <P3-S3>  This was when Shelley was later replaced by Bromley. <P3-S4>  In 2014, Only the Young entered the eleventh series of "The X Factor" and made the live shows, where they finished in seventh place.
Question: What is the headquarters of one of the video game publishers who has had Rebecca Ann Heineman affiliated with it?

<P0-S0> Rebecca Ann Heineman (born William Salvador Heineman) is an American video game programmer. <P0-S1>  A long-time veteran of the computer game industry (originally credited mostly as Bill Heineman), Heineman was a founding member of Interplay Productions, Logicware, and Contraband Entertainment. <P0-S2>  She has also been affiliated at various times with Barking Lizards Technologies, Electronic Arts, Bloomberg, Microsoft, MacPlay and Ubisoft, among other game companies. <P0-S3>  Heineman works as the CEO of Olde Skuul in Seattle, Washington. <SEP> <P1-S0> Ubisoft is a French multinational video game publisher, headquartered in Rennes, France. <P1-S1>  It was founded in March 1986 by the Guillemot brothers. <P1-S2>  Since its establishment, Ubisoft had slowly become one of the largest video game publishers. <P1-S3>  It also has the second-largest in-house development team, with more than 10000 staff members working on various properties in 33 video game studios established in different parts of the world. <P1-S4>  It is a third-party developer and mostly publishes games made internally. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It is known for publishing games for several acclaimed video game franchises including "Assassin's Creed", "Far Cry", "Just Dance", "Prince of Persia", "Rayman", and "Tom Clancy's". <P2-S1> Ubisoft Entertainment SA (formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment Software) is a French video game publisher, headquartered in Rennes, France. <P2-S2>  It is the fourth largest publicly-traded game company in the Americas and Europe after Activision Blizzard, Electronic Arts, and Take-Two Interactive in terms of revenue and market capitalization. <SEP> <P3-S0> Darrin Drader (born April 30, 1973) is a writer who works in the narrative, game design, and video game fields. <P3-S1>  He has over 50 published credits and has contributed to several noteworthy books for the Dungeons and Dragons game by Wizards of the Coast. <P3-S2>  He has also made notable contributions to gaming products by other game publishers, such as Paizo Publishing, Bastion Press, and Gun Metal Games. <P3-S3>  He later worked as a narrative designer for the video game company 38 Studios.
Question: Who was noted for their long resistance (1219–1290) against the German crusaders and Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades, who had a duke in the second half of the 13th century who uled in the western part of Semigallia?

<P0-S0>  He ruled in the western part of Semigallia, with his capital at Tērvete (present-day Latvia). <P0-S1>  In 1279–81, he led a Semigallian uprising against the Livonian Order, a crusading military order. <P0-S2>  Very little is known about his life. <P0-S3>  He is mentioned only in the Livonian Rhymed Chronicle and in some documents from the 14th century. <P0-S4> Nameisis or Namejs (also Nameise, Nameyxe) was a Semigallian duke in the second half of the 13th century. <P0-S5>  For this reason he is sometimes referred as semi legendary ruler in Latvian historiography. <SEP> <P1-S0> The history of Estonia forms a part of the history of Europe. <P1-S1>  Humans settled in the region of Estonia near the end of the last glacial era, beginning from around 8500 BC. <P1-S2>  Before German crusaders invaded in the early 13th century, proto-Estonians of ancient Estonia worshipped spirits of nature. <P1-S3>  Starting with the Northern Crusades in the Middle Ages, Estonia became a battleground for centuries where Denmark, Germany, Russia, Sweden and Poland fought their many wars over controlling the important geographical position of the country as a gateway between East and West. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Prussian Crusade was a series of 13th-century campaigns of Roman Catholic crusaders, primarily led by the Teutonic Knights, to Christianize the pagan Old Prussians. <P2-S1>  Invited after earlier unsuccessful expeditions against the Prussians by Polish princes, the Teutonic Knights began campaigning against the Balts in 1230. <P2-S2>  By the end of the century, having quelled several Prussian Uprisings, the Knights had established control over Prussia and administered the Prussians through their monastic state. <SEP> <P3-S0>  They are noted for their long resistance (1219–1290) against the German crusaders and Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades. <P3-S1> Semigallians (Latvian "Zemgaļi"; Lithuanian: "Žiemgaliai" , also Zemgalians, Semigalls, Semigalians) were the Baltic tribe that lived in the southcentral part of contemporary Latvia and northern Lithuania.