winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What band formed first, Shinedown or The dB's?

<P0-S0>  The band members are Peter Holsapple, Chris Stamey, Will Rigby and Gene Holder. <P0-S1> The dB's are an American power pop and jangle pop group who first came into prominence in the late 1970s and 1980s. <P0-S2>  While the members are all from Winston-Salem, North Carolina, the group was formed in New York City in 1978. <P0-S3>  In 2012, the band completed its first new studio album in 25 years and its first in 30 years with the original 1978 lineup. <SEP> <P1-S0> Shinedown is an American rock band from Jacksonville, Florida. <P1-S1>  Formed by Brent Smith in 2001 after the dissolution of his prior band, Smith, still under contract with record label Atlantic Records, recruited the band's original lineup of Jasin Todd as guitarist, Brad Stewart on bass, and Barry Kerch on drums. <P1-S2>  Consistent for the first two album cycles, a few lineup changes followed in the late 2000s, eventually stabilizing with Smith and Kerch, as remaining members alongside newcomers Zach Myers on guitar, and Eric Bass on bass. <P1-S3>  The group has released five studio albums: "Leave a Whisper" (2003), "Us and Them" (2005), "The Sound of Madness" (2008), "Amaryllis" (2012), and "Threat to Survival" (2015). <P1-S4>  Shinedown has sold more than ten million records worldwide, and has had 11 number one singles on the "Billboard" Mainstream Rock charts, the third most of all-time, behind Van Halen and Three Days Grace. <SEP> <P2-S0> Adelitas Way is an American hard rock band formed in Las Vegas, Nevada in 2006. <P2-S1>  The band's debut single "Invincible", broke them into the mainstream scene after the song made numerous television appearances in commercials and live sporting events. <P2-S2>  As of 2017, the band has toured with notable acts such as Shinedown, Guns N' Roses, Creed, Papa Roach, Godsmack, Theory of a Deadman, Seether, Three Days Grace, Breaking Benjamin, Deftones, Puddle of Mudd, Sick Puppies, Staind, Alter Bridge, Skillet, Halestorm, Thousand Foot Krutch and others. <SEP> <P3-S0> U-ka saegusa IN db (三枝夕夏 IN db（イン デシベル） , Saegusa Yūka in Deshiberu (in Decibel) ) was a Japanese pop band signed to Giza Studio, Formed in 2002 around lead vocalist Yūka "U-ka" Saegusa, the band's first three singles were all featured in the anime "Cheeky Angel". <P3-S1>  Its first hit single was "Kimi to Yakusoku Shita Yasashii Ano Basho Made", a theme song of the popular anime "Detective Conan", which reached #8 in the Oricon charts. <P3-S2>  On October 21, 2009, Saegusa stated that the band would disband in January 2010. <P3-S3>  During their career they released 24 singles, 4 studio albums, 1 mini album and 2 best albums.
Question: David Whatton QPM, a retired British senior police officer, was the Chief Constable of a territorial police force responsible for policing the English unitary authorities of Cheshire East, Cheshire West and Chester, Halton (including Runcorn, and Widnes) and what other authority?

<P0-S0> Halton is a local government district in the ceremonial county of Cheshire in North West England, with borough status and administered by a unitary authority. <P0-S1>  It was created in 1974 as a district of the non-metropolitan county of Cheshire, and became a unitary authority area on 1 April 1998. <P0-S2>  Since 2014 it has been a member of the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority. <P0-S3>  The borough consists of the towns of Runcorn and Widnes and the civil parishes of Hale, Daresbury, Moore, Preston Brook, Halebank and Sandymoor. <P0-S4>  The district borders Merseyside, Warrington and Cheshire West and Chester. <P0-S5>  The borough straddles the River Mersey – the area to the north (including Widnes) is historically part of Lancashire, that to the south (including Runcorn) part of Cheshire. <SEP> <P1-S0> Simon Byrne QPM (born 29 April 1963) is a senior British police officer and the Chief Constable of Cheshire Constabulary. <P1-S1>  He was the Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester Police from 2009 to 2011 and the Assistant Commissioner for Territorial Policing in the Metropolitan Police Service from 2011 to 2014. <SEP> <P2-S0>  He was the Chief Constable of Cheshire Constabulary in Cheshire, England. <P2-S1>  He has previously held chief police officer roles with the West Midlands Police and Greater Manchester Police. <P2-S2> David Whatton QPM is a retired British senior police officer. <SEP> <P3-S0> Cheshire Constabulary is the territorial police force responsible for policing the English unitary authorities of Cheshire East, Cheshire West and Chester, Halton (including Runcorn, and Widnes) and Warrington. <P3-S1>  The force is responsible for policing an area of 946 sqmi with a population of roughly 1 million.
Question: What was the birth date of an English actor known for his boisterous roles who played in a film set in a futuristic mining site on an unspecific moon?

<P0-S0>  He trained as an actor at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. <P0-S1> Malcolm McDowell (born Malcolm John Taylor; 13 June 1943) is an English actor, known for his boisterous and sometimes villainous roles. <SEP> <P1-S0>  The film is set on a futuristic mining site on an unspecific moon, where convicts and teenage technicians are partnered. <P1-S1> Moon 44 is a 1990 German English-language science fiction action film from Centropolis Film Productions, directed by Roland Emmerich and starring Michael Paré and Lisa Eichhorn alongside Brian Thompson and Malcolm McDowell. <P1-S2>  An undercover agent (Paré) must discover what has happened to missing corporate shuttles. <SEP> <P2-S0> Thomas Herman Brenchley (1822 – 19 September 1894) was an English cricketer who played first-class cricket for Kent County Cricket Club and for the "Gentlemen of Kent" amateur team between 1848 and 1851. <P2-S1>  His precise birth date is not known, but he was christened at Milton-next-Gravesend in Kent on 7 May 1822. <P2-S2>  Brenchley died at Glaneirw near Tan-y-groes in Cardiganshire, Wales in 1894. <SEP> <P3-S0> Comrade in America (abbreviated as CIA) is a 2017 Indian Malayalam-language adventure film directed by Amal Neerad, starring Dulquer Salmaan, Karthika Muralidharan and Chandini Sreedharan in the lead roles. <P3-S1>  The film released on 5 May, also the birth date of Karl Marx and performed well at box office despite mixed reviews .
Question: Sir Neil was a founding member of the Order of the Garter, established by a king whose reign was how long?

<P0-S0>  The central character in two historical novels by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, "Sir Nigel" and "The White Company", is loosely based on Neil Loring. <P0-S1> Sir Neil Loring ("Loryng", "Loringe" etc., Neel "alias" Nigel, Latin: "Nigellus") (c. 1320 – 18 March 1386), KG, was a medieval English soldier and diplomat and a founding member of the Order of the Garter, established by King Edward III in 1348. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sir George Rothe Bellew, (13 December 1899 – 6 February 1993), styled The Honourable after 1935, was a long-serving herald at the College of Arms in London. <P1-S1>  Educated at the University of Oxford, he was appointed Portcullis Pursuivant in 1922. <P1-S2>  Having been Somerset Herald for 24 years, he was promoted to the office of Garter Principal King of Arms in 1950, the highest heraldic office in England and Wales. <P1-S3>  He served in that capacity until his resignation in 1961. <P1-S4>  As Garter, Bellew oversaw the funeral of George VI, proclaimed the late King's daughter, Elizabeth II, as Queen and took a leading role in the organisation of her Coronation in 1953. <P1-S5>  After his retirement, Bellew was Secretary of the Order of the Garter (until 1974) and Knight Principal of the Imperial Society of Knights Bachelor (until 1962). <P1-S6>  He lived for many years at Dower House in Old Windsor, Berkshire, but later moved to Farnham and died in 1993, aged 93. <SEP> <P2-S0> Alara was a King of Kush who is generally regarded as the founder of the Napatan royal dynasty by his 25th Dynasty Nubian successors and was the first recorded prince of Nubia. <P2-S1>  He unified all of Upper Nubia from Meroë to the Third Cataract and is possibly attested at the Temple of Amun at Kawa. <P2-S2>  Alara also established Napata as the religious capital of Nubia. <P2-S3>  Alara himself was not a 25th dynasty Nubian king since he never controlled any region of Egypt during his reign compared to his two immediate successors: Kashta and Piye respectively. <P2-S4>  Nubian literature credits him with a substantial reign since future Nubian kings requested that they might enjoy a reign as long as Alara's. <P2-S5>  His memory was also central to the myth of the origins of the Kushite kingdom which was embellished with new elements over time. <P2-S6>  Alara was a deeply revered figure in Nubian culture and the first Nubian king whose name has come down to scholars. <SEP> <P3-S0> Edward III (13 November 1312 – 21 June 1377) was King of England from 25 January 1327 until his death; he is noted for his military success and for restoring royal authority after the disastrous and unorthodox reign of his father, Edward II. <P3-S1>  Edward III transformed the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe. <P3-S2>  His long reign of 50 years was the second longest in medieval England and saw vital developments in legislation and government—in particular the evolution of the English parliament—as well as the ravages of the Black Death.
Question: Who is the author of the romantic tragedy in which Count Paris is a suitor to the only daughter of the patriarch of the House of Capulet?

<P0-S0> Juliet Capulet (Italian: "Giulietta Capuleti" ) is the female protagonist in William Shakespeare's romantic tragedy "Romeo and Juliet". <P0-S1>  Juliet is the only daughter of the patriarch of the House of Capulet and falls in love with Romeo, a member of the House of Montague (with which the Capulets have a blood feud). <P0-S2>  The story has a long history that precedes Shakespeare himself. <SEP> <P1-S0> Mercutio ( ) is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's 1597 tragedy, "Romeo and Juliet". <P1-S1>  He is a close friend to Romeo and a blood relative to Prince Escalus and Count Paris. <P1-S2>  As such, being neither a Montague nor a Capulet, Mercutio is one of the few in Verona with the ability to mingle around those of both houses. <P1-S3>  The invitation to Capulet's party states that he has a brother named Valentine. <SEP> <P2-S0> Stephan I, Count of Sponheim (d. ca. 1080) is the patriarch of the Rhenish branch of the House of Sponheim, which ruled over the County of Sponheim. <P2-S1>  He was closely related to Siegfried I, Count of Sponheim, patriarch of the Carinthian Sponheimish branch, but the exact relationship between the two dynasts is disputed. <P2-S2>  Johannes Trithemius credits a Count Eberhard of Sponheim as founder of the Abbey of Sponheim and dates the founding to 1044, a position questioned by Johannes Mötsch. <P2-S3>  The "Genealogia Sponhemica" presents Count Eberhardus as son of Countess Hedwig and father of a single Count Stephanus I/II of Sponheim (). <P2-S4>  Donald C. Jackman considers Stephan I a son of Siegfried I. Both Jackman and Josef Heinzelmann consider Stephan as being identical to Stephan, Vogt of Worms documented with his brother Markward in 1068. <P2-S5>  Heinzelmann however casts doubt on a male lineage relationship of Stephan and Siegfried and sees Stephan I of Sponheim as being Lord of Sponheim but not a Count, notices that Stephan I of Sponheim is documented in 1075 as "S(igna) Stephani de Spanheim" with his seal in a document of Udo, Archbishop of Trier, and proposes Stephan to have married into the House of Sponheim. <P2-S6>  In another work Heinzelmann considers the Stephan mentioned in 1075 to be Stephan II, or maybe a single Stephan, mentions a Mainzer "ministerialis" Stephan, the son of Embricho (Emich) and nephew of Archbishop Ruthard, who lived later, as a possible relation, and puts forward that the documented Stephan and Markward belong to the House of the Counts of Metz/Lunéville, which later provided the Vogts of Worms: <SEP> <P3-S0>  He is a suitor of Juliet. <P3-S1> Count Paris or County Paris is a fictional character in William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet". <P3-S2>  He is handsome, wealthy, and a kinsman to Prince Escalus.
Question: Saxton Temple Pope had a close relationship with a man who lived most of his life where?

<P0-S0>  He is most famous as the father of modern bow hunting, and for his close relationship with Ishi, the last member of the Yahi tribe and the last known American Indian to be raised largely isolated from Western culture. <P0-S1> Saxton Temple Pope (September 4, 1875 – August 8, 1926) was an American doctor, teacher, author and outdoorsman. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bernardin Gantin (8 May 1922 – 13 May 2008) was a prominent Beninese cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. <P1-S1>  He served as Metropolitan Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cotonou and then at the Vatican in the service of the Holy See as President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace and then as Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for Bishops. <P1-S2>  Ultimately, he served as Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals, a post his French consecrator as a bishop once held and the same position Joseph Ratzinger had after Gantin and before his election as Pope Benedict XVI. <P1-S3>  He was the highest ranking Catholic to come from Africa since ancient times, when some Popes were believed to have come from there. <P1-S4>  He enjoyed a close relationship with Pope John XXIII, Popes Paul VI and John Paul I, and most especially, with Pope John Paul II and his fellow curial cardinal and future Pope, Joseph Ratzinger. <P1-S5>  Like many senior African prelates of his era, he was relatively conservative, but was esteemed by both his native land and for his work in Rome. <P1-S6>  His tomb in Ouidah, which is frequently visited, was visited personally by Pope Benedict during the Papal Visit to Benin. <P1-S7>  In May 2013, Vatican officials inaugurated a Chair about "Socializing Policy in Africa" bearing his name at the Pontifical Lateran University. <SEP> <P2-S0> Anthony Nicholas Scott Saxton (23 July 1934 – 31 March 2015) was a British advertising man and later headhunter who established the "swinging mega-boutique" "Way In" on the top floor of Harrods in 1967. <P2-S1>  In 1979 he moved into the headhunting business Saxton Bampfylde. <P2-S2>  He was chairman of executive search company Moloney and director of Australian miners Kingstream through which he formed close ties with the regime in North Korea. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Widely acclaimed in his time as the "last wild Indian" in America, Ishi lived most of his life completely outside Euro-American culture. <P3-S1> Ishi (c. 1861 – March 25, 1916) was the last known member of the Yahi, a group of the Yana of the U.S. state of California. <P3-S2>  At 50 years of age, in 1911, he emerged near the present-day foothills of Lassen Peak, also known as "Wa ganu p'a".
Question: What name did Philip Oliphant Kington take when he inherited an L-plan castle?

<P0-S0> MacLellan's Castle in the town of Kirkcudbright, southwest Scotland, was built in the late 16th century. <P0-S1>  It stands in the centre of Kirkcudbright, on the south side of the River Dee which flows into the Solway Firth. <P0-S2>  The L-plan castle was the residence of the MacLellan family from whom it derived its name. <P0-S3>  The family sold the castle in 1752, and from 1782 to 1912 it was held by the Earls of Selkirk. <P0-S4>  Today, the site is curated by Historic Scotland. <SEP> <P1-S0>  From 1867, when he inherited Ardblair Castle in Scotland from his maternal Oliphant relatives, he took the triple-barrelled name "Kington-Blair-Oliphant". <P1-S1>  He was born at Clifton, Bristol and died at Datchet, then in Berkshire, now in Buckinghamshire. <P1-S2> Philip Oliphant Kington (17 December 1832 – 2 July 1892) was an English businessman and landowner who inherited a Scottish clan chiefdom and also played a single first-class cricket game in Australia. <SEP> <P2-S0> Bridge Castle is an L-plan castle, dating from the 16th century, standing on a rocky site 3 mi north west of Bathgate in West Lothian, Scotland, on the west of the Barbauchlaw Burn. <P2-S1>  The former name of the castle was Little Brighouse. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ardblair Castle is an L-plan castle (with an added wing), dating from the 16th century, around 0.75 mi west of Blairgowrie in Perth and Kinross, Scotland.
Question: What is the population of the town where Lewis Mehl-Madrona was born?

<P0-S0> Lewis E. Mehl-Madrona, MD, PhD, (born January 26, 1954, Berea, Kentucky) is the author of the "Coyote" trilogy. <P0-S1>  His work discusses healing practices from Lakota, Cherokee and Cree traditions, and how they intersect with conventional medicine (via a social constructionist model). <P0-S2>  Mehl-Madrona has been writing about the use of imagery and narrative in healing since the 1980s. <P0-S3>  Mehl-Madrona is certified in psychiatry, geriatrics and family medicine. <SEP> <P1-S0> Berea is a home rule-class city in Madison County, Kentucky, in the United States. <P1-S1>  The town is best known for its art festivals, historic restaurants and buildings, and as the home to Berea College, a private, liberal arts college. <P1-S2>  The population was 13,561 at the 2010 census. <P1-S3>  It is one of the fastest-growing towns in Kentucky, having increased by 27.4% since 2000. <SEP> <P2-S0> Lewis is a town in Essex County, New York, United States. <P2-S1>  The population was 1,382 at the 2010 census. <P2-S2>  The town is named after Morgan Lewis, the governor of New York at the time the town was established. <SEP> <P3-S0> Charles G. Lewis was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1879. <P3-S1>  Other positions he held include Town Treasurer and Town Clerk of Sun Prairie (town), Wisconsin. <P3-S2>  He was a Republican. <P3-S3>  Lewis was born in December 1823 in Cornwall, Vermont.
Question: Who is older, Danan Januzaj or David Moyes?

<P0-S0>  He was previously the manager of Preston North End, Everton, Manchester United, Real Sociedad and Sunderland. <P0-S1> David William Moyes (born 25 April 1963) is a Scottish professional football coach and former player. <P0-S2>  Moyes was the 2003, 2005 and 2009 League Managers Association Manager of the Year. <P0-S3>  He is also on the committee for the League Managers Association in an executive capacity. <SEP> <P1-S0> Adnan Januzaj (] ; born 5 February 1995) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Spanish club Real Sociedad. <P1-S1>  Born and raised in Brussels, he began his career with Anderlecht before joining Manchester United in 2011 at the age of 16. <P1-S2>  Januzaj broke into the Manchester United first-team under manager David Moyes during the 2013–14 season, but struggled for opportunities under Moyes' successors Louis van Gaal and José Mourinho, and had loan spells at Borussia Dortmund and Sunderland before joining Real Sociedad in July 2017. <P1-S3>  Januzaj made his full international debut in 2014 and later that year played for Belgium at the World Cup. <SEP> <P2-S0> Christopher Charles Eric "Chris" Woods (born 14 November 1959) is a former England international football goalkeeper, who played in the Football League and Premier League for Nottingham Forest, Queens Park Rangers, Norwich City, Sheffield Wednesday, Reading, Southampton and Burnley, in the Scottish Football League for Rangers, and in Major League Soccer for the Colorado Rapids. <P2-S1>  He was working as the goalkeeping coach at Everton and United States. <P2-S2>  But, with the departure of David Moyes, he followed him to Manchester United to replace Eric Steele as the new goalkeeping coach. <P2-S3>  In June 2015 he became goalkeeping coach at West Ham United. <SEP> <P3-S0> Michael Carrick (born 28 July 1981) is an English professional footballer who plays for Manchester United, whom he also captains, and the England national team. <P3-S1>  Carrick primarily plays as a central midfielder, but he has been used as an emergency centre-back under Alex Ferguson, David Moyes and Louis van Gaal. <P3-S2>  Distinctive features of his play include his inventive distribution of the ball along with his passing and crossing abilities. <P3-S3>  He is one of the most decorated English footballers of all time.
Question: John Stuart Anderson was a Professor of Chemistry at a university that was founded in what year?

<P0-S0> John Stuart Anderson FRS, FAA, (9 January 1908 – 25 December 1990) was a British and Australian scientist who was Professor of Chemistry at the University of Melbourne and Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Oxford. <SEP> <P1-S0> William R. Roush is an American organic chemist. <P1-S1>  He was born on February 20, 1952 in Chula Vista, California. <P1-S2>  Roush studied chemistry at the University of California Los Angeles (B.S. 1974) and Harvard University (Ph.D. 1977 under Robert Burns Woodward). <P1-S3>  Following a year postdoctoral appointment at Harvard, he joined that faculty at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. <P1-S4>  In 1987, Dr. Roush moved to Indiana University and was promoted to Professor in 1989 and Distinguished Professor in 1995. <P1-S5>  Two years later, he moved to the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and served as the Warner Lambert/Parke Davis Professor of Chemistry. <P1-S6>  He served as chair of the University of Michigan's Department of Chemistry from 2002-2004. <P1-S7>  In 2004 Professor Roush relocated with his group to the Jupiter, Florida campus of the Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) where he currently serves as Professor of Chemistry, Associate Dean of the TSRI graduate program and Executive Director of Medicinal Chemistry. <SEP> <P2-S0> Amyand "David" Buckingham, CBE, FRS, FAA (born 28 January 1930 in Pymble, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia) is a chemist, with primary expertise in chemical physics. <P2-S1>  He is currently Emeritus Professor of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge, United Kingdom and Emeritus Fellow at Pembroke College, Cambridge. <P2-S2>  He obtained a Bachelor of Science and Master of Science, under Professor Raymond Le Fevre, from the University of Sydney and a Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge supervised by John Pople. <P2-S3>  He was an 1851 Exhibition Senior Student in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory at the University of Oxford from 1955–57, Lecturer and then Student (Fellow) at Christ Church, Oxford from 1955–65 and University Lecturer in the Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory from 1958 - 65. <P2-S4>  He was Professor of Theoretical Chemistry at the University of Bristol from 1965 - 69. <P2-S5>  He was appointed Professor of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge in 1969. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Founded in 1853, it is Australia's second oldest university and the oldest in Victoria. <P3-S1>  Times Higher Education ranks Melbourne as 33rd in the world, while the Academic Ranking of World Universities places Melbourne 40th in the world (both first in Australia). <P3-S2> The University of Melbourne (informally Melbourne University) is a public research university located in Melbourne, Australia.
Question: The 2016 City of Onkaparinga ATP Challenger took place in a metropolitan suburb how far south of the Central Business District of Adelaide?

<P0-S0>  It is located 20 km south of the Central Business District of Adelaide. <P0-S1> Happy Valley is a metropolitan suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. <SEP> <P1-S0> The 2015 City of Onkaparinga ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. <P1-S1>  It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour. <P1-S2>  It took place in Happy Valley, Australia between 3–11 January 2015. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. <P2-S1>  It took place in Happy Valley, Australia between 2–10 January 2016. <P2-S2> The 2016 City of Onkaparinga ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 2017 City of Onkaparinga ATP Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. <P3-S1>  It was the third edition of the tournament and part of the 2017 ATP Challenger Tour. <P3-S2>  It took place in Happy Valley, Australia from 2 to 8 January 2017.
Question: Where was the castle located in which is related to William Douglas and Margaret Hay?

<P0-S0>  He was the son of William Douglas, 2nd Earl of Angus and Margaret Hay of Yester. <P0-S1> George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus, Lord Douglas, Abernethy and Jedburgh Forest (c. 1427 – 12 March 1463) was a Scottish nobleman. <P0-S2>  Known as the Great Earl of Angus, he succeeded to the Earldom following the death of his childless brother James Douglas, 3rd Earl of Angus in 1446. <P0-S3>  He was to become the first Red Chief of Douglas. <SEP> <P1-S0> Gelston Castle, located between Castle Douglas and Kirkcudbright, in Dumfries and Galloway, Great Britain, was built for Sir William Douglas of Castle Douglas, who had acquired the lands of Gelston in 1799. <P1-S1>  However, Sir William Douglas died without issue in 1809 and his property was divided between various nieces and nephews, with Gelston going to the youngest daughter of his brother James, Mathilda Douglas. <P1-S2>  In 1813 Mathilda married William Maitland, and their family continued to preside over the estate for most of the 19th Century. <P1-S3>  Gelston then became the property of the Galliers-Pratts who retained the castle for pheasant shooting, and from whom it was requisitioned during World War II. <P1-S4>  During this time it served as a home for handicapped boys evacuated from Glasgow, before the roof was removed once this use had ceased. <SEP> <P2-S0> Loch Leven Castle is a ruined castle on an island in Loch Leven, in the Perth and Kinross local authority area of Scotland. <P2-S1>  Possibly built around 1300, the castle was the location of military action during the Wars of Scottish Independence (1296–1357). <P2-S2>  In the latter part of the 14th century, the castle was granted by his uncle to William Douglas, 1st Earl of Douglas, and remained in Douglas' hands for the next 300 years. <P2-S3>  Mary, Queen of Scots was imprisoned here in 1567–1568, and forced to abdicate as queen, before escaping with the help of her gaoler's family. <P2-S4>  In 1588, the Queen's gaoler inherited the title Earl of Morton, and moved away from the castle. <P2-S5>  It was bought, in 1675, by Sir William Bruce, who used the castle as a focal point in his garden; it was never again used as a residence. <SEP> <P3-S0>  The only remaining complete structure is the subterranean Goblin Ha' or Hobgoblin Ha' (Goblin Hall). <P3-S1> Yester Castle is a ruined castle, located 1.5 mi south east of the village of Gifford in East Lothian, Scotland. <P3-S2>  It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument, recorded as such by the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS).
Question: In which competition held in Buenos Aires, Argentina did Stanly Stanczyk win a gold medal?

<P0-S0>  Between 1946 and 1952 he won five consecutive world titles in three different weight classes, six consecutive national titles, as well as gold medals at the 1948 Summer Olympics and 1951 Pan American Games. <P0-S1> Stanley Anthony "Stan" Stanczyk (May 10, 1925 – July 3, 1997) was an American weightlifter. <P0-S2>  In 1946–1949 he set seven ratified world records: four in the snatch, one in the clean and jerk and two in the total. <P0-S3>  Stanczyk finished second at the 1952 Summer Olympics and third at the 1953 and 1954 world championships. <SEP> <P1-S0> The ATP Buenos Aires (Spanish "Abierto de Buenos Aires") is an annual tennis event for male tennis players held in Buenos Aires, Argentina. <P1-S1>  The tournament is an ATP World Tour 250 series event on the 2014 ATP World Tour, and is played on outdoor clay courts at the 5,500 capacity Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club, in the Palermo "barrio" (neighbourhood). <P1-S2>  Usually held in February, it includes both a men's singles and a men's doubles tournament. <P1-S3>  Between 1970 and 1989 it was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit and a Grand Prix Super Series event (1970–71). <SEP> <P2-S0>  The Pan American Games' origins were at the Games of the X Olympiad in Los Angeles, United States, where officials representing the National Olympic Committees of the Americas discussed the staging of an Olympic-style regional athletic competition for the athletes of the Americas. <P2-S1> The 1951 Pan American Games (the I Pan American Games) were held in Buenos Aires, Argentina between 25 February-9 March 1951. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 1950 FIBA World Championship (also called the 1st World Basketball Championship – 1950) was an international basketball tournament held by the International Basketball Federation in Buenos Aires, Argentina, from October 22 to November 3, 1950. <P3-S1>  Ten nations participated in the inaugural tournament. <P3-S2>  All competition was held at the Luna Park, Buenos Aires. <P3-S3>  Argentina claimed the gold medal, by beating the United States 64–50.
Question: What male actor starred in a 2014 superhero sequel alongside the actor who shot Brandon Lee in "The Crow?"

<P0-S0> The Amazing Spider-Man 2 (also released as The Amazing Spider-Man 2: Rise of Electro in some markets) is a 2014 American superhero film featuring the Marvel Comics character Spider-Man. <P0-S1>  The film was directed by Marc Webb and was produced by Avi Arad and Matt Tolmach. <P0-S2>  The studio hired James Vanderbilt to write the screenplay and Alex Kurtzman and Roberto Orci to rewrite it. <P0-S3>  It is the fifth theatrical "Spider-Man" film produced by Columbia Pictures and Marvel Entertainment, and is the sequel to 2012's "The Amazing Spider-Man", it is also the final film in "The Amazing Spider-Man" franchise. <P0-S4>  The film stars Andrew Garfield as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, Emma Stone as Gwen Stacy, Dane DeHaan as Green Goblin / Harry Osborn, Campbell Scott and Embeth Davidtz as Peter's parents, and Sally Field as Aunt May, with the addition of a new cast including Paul Giamatti as Rhino / Aleksei Sytsevich and Jamie Foxx as Electro / Max Dillon. <SEP> <P1-S0> Adan Canto (born December 5, 1981) is a Mexican actor. <P1-S1>  He is best known for his role as Sunspot in the 2014 superhero film "". <P1-S2>  On television, Canto played Paul Torres on the Fox drama series, "The Following", and in 2015 starred as AJ Menendez in the short-lived ABC prime time soap opera, "Blood & Oil". <SEP> <P2-S0>  Massee is perhaps best known for accidentally shooting Brandon Lee during the filming of the 1994 film "The Crow". <P2-S1> Michael Groo Massee (September 1, 1952 – October 20, 2016) was an American actor. <P2-S2>  He is also known for his role as Ira Gaines in "24" and The Gentleman in the 2012 film "The Amazing Spider-Man". <P2-S3>  He also reprised this role in the 2014 sequel "The Amazing Spider-Man 2". <SEP> <P3-S0> Legacy of Rage () is a 1986 Hong Kong action film directed by Ronny Yu, starring Brandon Lee, Michael Wong, Regina Kent and also features a cameo appearance by Bolo Yeung who appeared in Brandon's father, Bruce Lee's, last film "Enter the Dragon". <P3-S1>  This was Brandon Lee's first leading role in a film (he made his acting debut with a supporting role in the television film "" earlier that year) and the only Hong Kong production he starred in.
Question: MGM Records produced a 1954 revival of an off-Broadway musical; what is the name of opera this musical was adapted from?

<P0-S0> The Threepenny Opera (Die Dreigroschenoper ) is a "play with music" by Bertolt Brecht and Elisabeth Hauptmann, adapted from John Gay's 18th-century English ballad opera, "The Beggar's Opera", with music by Kurt Weill and insertion ballads by François Villon and Rudyard Kipling. <P0-S1>  Although Hauptmann produced 80 to 90 percent of the text, Brecht suppressed this and assumed sole credit, and is usually listed as sole author in printed versions. <SEP> <P1-S0> Zombie Prom is an Off-Broadway musical, later adapted into a short film. <P1-S1>  It was first produced at the Red Barn Theatre, Key West, Florida in 1993. <P1-S2>  It opened off-Broadway in New York City at the Variety Arts Theatre in 1996. <P1-S3>  It also opened November 2009 in London with a UK Premiere at the off-West End Landor Theatre. <SEP> <P2-S0> J.B. Adams (born September 29, 1954) is an American character stage and film actor, director, and singer. <P2-S1>  He has credits in film, television and, most notably, musical theatre. <P2-S2>  Originally from Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, he attended Oklahoma City University, where he studied voice, piano, opera, and musical theatre, after which he became a New York-based Broadway actor. <P2-S3>  He is perhaps best known for his roles in the Broadway productions of "Beauty and the Beast" (as Maurice, the father), "Annie" (as Rooster/Drake/Bert Healy/FDR), "Parade" (as Luther Rosser), "Me And My Girl" (as Sir Jasper), and "Chitty Chitty Bang Bang" (as Grandpa Potts). <P2-S4>  He played the role of Morris Farnsworth in the film "Far From Heaven", as well as originating the same role in the Off-Broadway musical adaptation (2013). <P2-S5>  On TV and the web, he has played Santa for Verizon FiOS and has had guest starring roles on "" and "The Michael J. Fox Show". <SEP> <P3-S0>  It soon transitioned to a pop music label which continued into the 1970s. <P3-S1>  The company also released soundtrack albums of the music for some of their non-musical films as well, and on rare occasions, cast albums of off-Broadway musicals such as "The Fantasticks" and the 1954 revival of "The Threepenny Opera". <P3-S2> MGM Records was a record label started by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio in 1946 for the purpose of releasing soundtrack albums of their musical films. <P3-S3>  In one instance, it even released the highly successful soundtrack album of a film made by a rival studio, Columbia Pictures's "Born Free" (1966).
Question:  Sarah Dunn a television writer is known for novels and the ABC sitcom "American Housewife", starring an actress who was born in what year? 

<P0-S0>  She began her career playing supporting roles in films such as "The Quiet" (2005), "Four Christmases" (2008), and "State of Play" (2009), before landing the female leading role in the HBO comedy series "Eastbound & Down" (2009–2013). <P0-S1> Katy Mixon (born March 30, 1981) is an American actress. <SEP> <P1-S0> Lana Maria Parrilla (born July 15, 1977) is an American actress. <P1-S1>  Parrilla is best known for her roles on television and radio. <P1-S2>  She was a regular cast member in the fifth season of the ABC sitcom "Spin City" from 2000 to 2001. <P1-S3>  She later starred in "Boomtown" (2002-2003), "Windfall" (2006), "Swingtown" (2008) and as Doctor Eva Zambrano in the short-lived medical drama "Miami Medical" (2010). <P1-S4>  She also played the role of Sarah Gavin during the fourth season of the Fox series "24" in 2005. <P1-S5>  In 2011, Parrilla began starring as The Evil Queen/Regina Mills in the ABC fantasy drama series, "Once Upon a Time". <P1-S6>  In 2016 Parrilla won a Teen Choice Award for Choice Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress. <SEP> <P2-S0> Sarah Dunn (born 1970) is an American author and television writer. <P2-S1>  She is known for her novels 'The Big Love' and 'Secrets to Happiness', and the ABC sitcom "American Housewife", starring Katy Mixon. <SEP> <P3-S0> Alexandra "Ali" Wong (born April 19, 1982) is an American actress, stand-up comedian, and writer. <P3-S1>  She is noted for her Netflix stand-up special "Baby Cobra", as well as her television appearances in "American Housewife", "Are You There, Chelsea? <P3-S2> ", "Inside Amy Schumer", and "Black Box". <P3-S3>  She also wrote for the first three seasons of the sitcom "Fresh Off the Boat".
Question: Murabaḥah is a term for a sales contract where the buyer and seller agree on the markup (profit) or "cost-plus" price for the item(s) being sold, which covers the cost of what?

<P0-S0>  In recent decades it has become a term for a very common form of Islamic (i.e. "shariah compliant") financing, where the price is marked-up in exchange for allowing the buyer to defer payment (a contract with deferred payment being known as "bai-muajjal"). <P0-S1> Murabaḥah, murabaḥa or murâbaḥah (Arabic: مرابحة‎ ‎ , derived from "ribh" Arabic: ربح‎ ‎ , meaning profit) is a term of "fiqh" (Islamic jurisprudence) for a sales contract where the buyer and seller agree on the markup (profit) or "cost-plus" price for the item(s) being sold. <P0-S2>  "Murabaha" financing is similar to a rent-to-own arrangement in the non-Muslim world, with the intermediary (i.e. the lending bank) retaining ownership of the item being sold until the loan is paid in full. <P0-S3>  There are also Islamic investment funds and sukuk (Islamic bonds) that use "murabahah" contracts. <SEP> <P1-S0> As is is a legal term used to disclaim some implied warranties for an item being sold. <P1-S1>  Certain types of implied warranties must be specifically disclaimed, such as the implied warranty of title. <P1-S2>  "As is" denotes that the seller is selling, and the buyer is buying an item in whatever condition it presently exists, and that the buyer is accepting the item "with all faults", whether or not immediately apparent. <P1-S3>  This is the classic "buyer beware" situation, where the careful buyer should take the time to examine the item before accepting it, or obtain expert advice. <SEP> <P2-S0>  It is expressed as a percentage over the cost. <P2-S1> Markup is the ratio between the cost of a good or service and its selling price. <P2-S2>  A markup is added onto the total cost incurred by the producer of a good or service in order to cover the costs of doing business and create a profit. <P2-S3>  The total cost reflects the total amount of both fixed and variable expenses to produce and distribute a product. <P2-S4>  Markup can be expressed as a fixed amount or as a percentage of the total cost or selling price. <P2-S5>  Retail markup is commonly calculated as the difference between wholesale price and retail price, as a percentage of wholesale. <P2-S6>  Other methods are also used. <SEP> <P3-S0> The point of total assumption (PTA) is a point on the cost line of the profit-cost curve determined by the contract elements associated with a fixed price plus incentive-Firm Target (FPI) contract above which the seller effectively bears all the costs of a cost overrun. <P3-S1>  The seller bears all of the cost risk at PTA and beyond, due to a dollar for dollar decrease in profit beyond the costs at the PTA. <P3-S2>  In addition, once the costs on an FPI contract reach PTA, the maximum amount the buyer will pay is the ceiling price. <P3-S3>  Note, however, that between the cost at PTA and when the cost equals the ceiling price, the seller is still in a profitable position; only after costs exceed the ceiling price is the seller in a loss position.
Question: Which film festival was the film, based on the novel of same name written by a British politician born 18 August 1940, entered in?

<P0-S0> William Tynan (born 18 August 1940) is a politician in the United Kingdom. <P0-S1>  He was Labour Party member of Parliament (MP) for Hamilton South from 1999 to 2005, when he won the Hamilton South by-election to replace the ennobled George Robertson. <SEP> <P1-S0> Stanley Patrick Johnson (born 18 August 1940) of West Nethercote, Winsford, Somerset, is a British politician and author, and an expert on environmental and population issues. <P1-S1>  He was a Conservative MEP for Wight & Hampshire East from 1979 to 1984 and is a former employee of the World Bank and the European Commission. <P1-S2>  He is co-chairman of Environmentalists for Europe (E4E), a collection of pro-EU environmentalists campaigning for the UK to remain a member of the EU. <SEP> <P2-S0> Manuel Gutiérrez Aragón (Torrelavega, Cantabria 2 January 1940) is a Spanish screenwriter and film director. <P2-S1>  His 1973 film "Habla, mudita" was entered into the 23rd Berlin International Film Festival. <P2-S2>  In 1977, he won the Silver Bear for Best Director for "Camada negra" at the 27th Berlin International Film Festival. <P2-S3>  His 1979 film "El corazón del bosque" was entered into the 29th Berlin International Film Festival. <P2-S4>  Two years later, his film "Maravillas" was entered into the 31st Berlin International Film Festival. <P2-S5>  His 1982 film "Demons in the Garden" was entered into the 13th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the FIPRESCI Prize. <P2-S6>  In 1991 he was a member of the jury at the 17th Moscow International Film Festival. <SEP> <P3-S0>  It was entered into the 48th Berlin International Film Festival. <P3-S1> The Commissioner is a 1998 Belgian-German drama film directed by George Sluizer and written by Christina Kallas based on the novel of same name by Stanley Johnson.
Question: San Diego NASL is a proposed soccer team whose club founders include a footballer who is often ranked by coaches, colleagues, and commentators as one of the what?

<P0-S0> Kevin Troy Crow (born September 17, 1961 in St. Louis, Missouri) is a former U.S. soccer defender. <P0-S1>  He played two seasons in the North American Soccer League, eight in the Major Indoor Soccer League and four in the Continental Indoor Soccer League, all with the San Diego Sockers. <P0-S2>  He was a first team NASL All Star, a five time MISL All Star and a five time Defender of the Year. <P0-S3>  He earned thirteen caps with the U.S. national team from 1984 to 1988. <P0-S4>  His national team career included all three U.S. games at both the 1984 and 1988 Summer Olympics. <P0-S5>  He was the general manager of the San Diego Spirit and the chief operating officer of the Women's United Soccer Association. <P0-S6>  He has served on the United States Soccer Federation Board of Directors. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He primarily plays as an attacking midfielder and as a wide midfielder. <P1-S1>  Hazard's creativity, speed, and technical ability are widely acknowledged. <P1-S2>  He has been described as "a superb passer" and has earned critical acclaim for his playing style, which has led to the media, coaches, and players drawing comparisons to Ballon d'Or winners Lionel Messi and Cristiano Ronaldo. <P1-S3>  Hazard is often ranked by coaches, colleagues, and commentators as one of the best players in the world. <P1-S4> Eden Michael Hazard (] ; born 7 January 1991) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays for English club Chelsea and the Belgium national team. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The Division II team is announced to make its debut in the North American Soccer League in 2018. <P2-S1>  The club's founders include soccer players Demba Ba, Eden Hazard, Yohan Cabaye and Moussa Sow. <P2-S2>  The club intends to build a soccer complex somewhere in San Diego's North County and will play its games at the University of San Diego's Torero Stadium in the meantime. <P2-S3> San Diego NASL is a proposed American professional soccer team based in San Diego County, California, United States. <P2-S4>  A name for the team has not been announced. <SEP> <P3-S0> The San Diego State Aztecs men's soccer team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of San Diego State University in San Diego, California, United States. <P3-S1>  The team is an associate member of the Pac-12 Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. <P3-S2>  San Diego State's first men's soccer team was fielded in 1968. <P3-S3>  The team plays its home games at SDSU Sports Deck in San Diego. <P3-S4>  The Aztecs are coached by Lev Kirshner.
Question: Are both of the music groups/artists Before Their Eyes and Beck signed to InVogue Records?

<P0-S0> Before Their Eyes is an American post-hardcore band from Findlay, Ohio. <P0-S1>  The band is currently signed to InVogue Records. <SEP> <P1-S0> Redemption is the fourth studio album by post-hardcore band Before Their Eyes. <P1-S1>  The album was released on March 27, 2012 through inVogue Records. <P1-S2>  This is the first release to feature Jordan Disorbo and Brandon Rosiar on guitars. <SEP> <P2-S0> Beck Hansen (born Bek David Campbell; July 8, 1970), known mononymously as Beck, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, and multi-instrumentalist. <P2-S1>  He is mostly known for his musical composition, as well as a palette of sonic genres. <SEP> <P3-S0> InVogue Records is an American record company based in Findlay, Ohio. <P3-S1>  It was founded by Nick Moore, lead singer of Before Their Eyes, in 2009. <P3-S2>  In the fall of 2011 InVogue Records signed a distribution deal with Independent Label Group (owned by Warner Music Group) and Alternative Distribution Alliance.
Question: Who is a professional tennis player from the Czech Republic, Sara Errani or Květa Peschke?

<P0-S0> Sara Errani (] ; born April 29, 1987) is a professional tennis player from Italy. <P0-S1>  She has won nine career singles titles, and 25 career doubles titles, including five Grand Slam doubles championships and five Premier Mandatory/Premier 5 titles. <SEP> <P1-S0> Květoslava Peschkeová, (née Hrdličková; born 9 July 1975) better known as Květa Peschke, is a professional tennis player from the Czech Republic. <SEP> <P2-S0> Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi (Urdu: ‎ ) (born 17 March 1980) is a professional tennis player from Pakistan. <P2-S1>  He is currently Pakistan's top player. <P2-S2>  A top-10 doubles player, his highest singles ranking was no. 125. <P2-S3>  He is the only Pakistani tennis player to reach the final of a Grand Slam, which he did in 2010, competing in both mixed doubles (partnering with Květa Peschke) and men's doubles (partnering with Rohan Bopanna) at the US Open. <SEP> <P3-S0> This is a list of the main career statistics of professional Czech tennis player Květa Peschke.
Question: What American boy band released their first album in 2010 and their second album in 2011 while being assisted by Emanuel Kiriakou and Lindy Robbins?

<P0-S0>  Released on October 11, 2010, the track listing for the album was announced on September 1, 2010. <P0-S1> BTR is the debut studio album by pop boyband Big Time Rush. <SEP> <P1-S0> "I Feel Immortal" is a song by Finnish singer-songwriter Tarja, featuring Canadian guitarist Jason Hook. <P1-S1>  It was written by Tarja, Toby Gad, Kerli Kõiv, and Lindy Robbins, and was produced by Tarja and "Mic". <P1-S2>  It was released as the second single from her second album "What Lies Beneath" on August 27, 2010. <SEP> <P2-S0> "No More" is a song by British-Norwegian boy band A1. <P2-S1>  It was released on 19 February 2001 as the third single from their second studio album, "The A List" (2000). <P2-S2>  The song was written by Stevie Bensusen, Claudio Cueni, Lindy Robbins, and Damon Sharpe, and produced by the former two. <P2-S3>  The song was re-produced and remixed by Danish production duo Cutfather & Joe for the song's single release. <SEP> <P3-S0>  It was released on November 21, 2011 by Columbia Records in association with Nickelodeon. <P3-S1> Elevate is the second studio album by American boy band Big Time Rush. <P3-S2>  The band worked with accomplished songwriters and producers for the album. <P3-S3>  These include those that assisted with the material from their debut album, such as Emanuel Kiriakou, Lindy Robbins, Nicholas Furlong, Damon Sharpe, Eric Sanicola and Lucas Secon, along with other notable songwriters and producers, such as JR Rotem, Christopher Stewart, The-Dream, Jay Sean, and Ryan Tedder. <P3-S4>  The production process of the album took place between nine months to a year, most of which was during their touring process.