winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: The NBC-affiliated television station, owned by an American telecommunications company whose founder is Julian Sinclair Smith, called WJAR is more commonly known as what?

<P0-S0> Julian Sinclair Smith (1921 - April 19, 1993) was an American electrical engineer and television executive who founded Sinclair Broadcast Group in 1971 as a single local television station; namely, Baltimore, Maryland's WBFF-TV. <P0-S1>  In 1986, he and his family incorporated Sinclair Broadcast Group. <P0-S2>  As of December 2016, his four sons are the majority shareholders of Sinclair Broadcast Group. <P0-S3>  His son David D. Smith became CEO of Sinclair Broadcast Group in 1988. <SEP> <P1-S0> WOAI-TV, virtual channel 4 (UHF digital channel 48), is an NBC-affiliated television station licensed to San Antonio, Texas, United States. <P1-S1>  The station is owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group, as part of a duopoly with Fox affiliate KABB (channel 29); Sinclair also operates Kerrville-licensed CW affiliate KMYS (channel 35) through joint sales and shared services agreements with owner Deerfield Media. <P1-S2>  The three stations share studio facilities located between Babcock Road and Sovereign Drive (off Loop 410) in northwest San Antonio; WOAI maintains transmitter facilities located off of Route 181 in northwest Wilson County (northeast of Elmendorf). <P1-S3>  On cable, the station is available on Charter Spectrum channel 3, and Grande Communications and AT&T U-verse channel 4. <P1-S4>  A high definition feed is offered on Spectrum digital channel 1203, Grande digital channel 804, and U-verse channel 1004. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Headquartered in Hunt Valley, Maryland, the company is the second-largest television station operator in the United States (behind Nexstar Media Group) by number of stations, and largest by total coverage; owning and/or operating a total of 173 stations across the country (233 after all currently proposed sales are approved) in over 100 markets (covering 40% of American households), many of which are located in the South and Midwest. <P2-S1>  Sinclair also owns four digital multicast networks (Comet, Charge! <P2-S2> Sinclair Broadcast Group is an American telecommunications company that is owned by the family of company founder Julian Sinclair Smith. <P2-S3> , Stadium, and TBD) and one cable network (Tennis Channel), and owns or operates four radio stations (all based in the Pacific Northwest region). <P2-S4>  Among other non-broadcast properties, Sinclair also owns the professional wrestling promotion Ring of Honor. <SEP> <P3-S0> WJAR (more commonly known as NBC 10) is the NBC-affiliated television station for the state of Rhode Island and Bristol County, Massachusetts licensed to Providence. <P3-S1>  It broadcasts a high definition digital signal on UHF channel 50 from a transmitter in Rehoboth, Massachusetts. <P3-S2>  Owned by Sinclair Broadcast Group, the station shares studios on Kenney Drive in Cranston with ZGS Communications-owned Telemundo affiliate WRIW-CD.
Question: What shopping mall is the largest in south Texas, Malle del Norte or La Plaza Mall?

<P0-S0> La Plaza Mall is a regional shopping mall located in McAllen, Texas, at the intersection of Interstate 2 (Expressway 83) and 10th Street. <P0-S1>  It has 1215000 sqft of gross leasable area and features more than 150 specialty stores, many of which are flagship stores, and restaurants. <P0-S2>  The mall is one of the highest-grossing operated by Simon, and the largest mall in south Texas. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Valley Plaza Mall is a major retail shopping mall in Bakersfield, California. <P1-S1>  It is the largest mall in the San Joaquin Valley. <P1-S2>  The mall is owned by General Growth Properties, a real estate development of over 120 regional shopping malls around the United States. <P1-S3>  Valley Plaza Mall has 5 anchor stores and over 140 specialty stores. <P1-S4>  The mall is situated near SR 99 freeway, the city's main north/south freeway. <SEP> <P2-S0> Ashley Landing (originally opened as Ashley Plaza and later known as Ashley Plaza Mall), built in 1970, was the first indoor shopping mall built in the West Ashley area of Charleston, South Carolina. <P2-S1>  The center is located at 1401 Sam Rittenberg Boulevard (S.C. Highway 7) at the fork of Old Towne Road (S.C. Highway 171). <P2-S2>  It was built as a joint venture of shopping center developers the LeFrak Organization of New York City and The Cordish Company of Baltimore, Maryland under the name Ashley Plaza Mall Associates. <P2-S3>  Ashley Plaza Mall was originally constructed in the late 1960s as a strip shopping center featuring a J.M. Fields Department Stores joined to a Pantry Pride supermarket. <P2-S4>  In 1970 the locally owned Condon's Department Store was built adjacent to Pantry Pride as a freestanding building. <P2-S5>  The center was originally known as "Ashley Plaza" and had a large red and white neon pylon "Ashley Plaza" sign in the center of the parking lot that remained until 1989 when it was destroyed by Hurricane Hugo. <SEP> <P3-S0> Mall del Norte is a super regional shopping mall in Laredo, Texas. <P3-S1>  Mall del Norte is 1212515 sqft with over 160 stores, making it the 2nd largest mall in South Texas, and one of the largest malls in Texas overall. <P3-S2>  The mall opened in 1977 and has since been renovated in 1991, 1993 (expansion), 2007, and 2012. <P3-S3>  It is located along Interstate 35 in the city's rapidly growing retail hub of town. <P3-S4>  La Plaza Mall in McAllen, Texas is larger by 3,000 sq. feet.
Question: What actor portrayed a character in a television series about a fictional race of superhumans appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics?

<P0-S0> Makkari ( ), formerly known as Hurricane and Mercury, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. <P0-S1>  The character is depicted as a member of the Eternals, a race of superhumans in the Marvel Universe. <P0-S2>  He was created by writer-artist Jack Kirby in the 1976-1978 comic book series "The Eternals", where the name was spelled Makarri. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He portrays the Marvel Comics character Karnak, a member of the Inhumans, on the ABC television series "Inhumans", which premiered in September 2017. <P1-S1> Kenneth "Ken" Leung (born January 21, 1970) is an American actor who is best known for playing Miles Straume in "Lost", Admiral Statura in "", Detective Stephen Sing in "Saw", and Kid Omega in "". <SEP> <P2-S0> The Deviants are a fictional race of superhumans appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Inhumans are a fictional race of superhumans appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
Question: Joh Bruce Yeh founded a chamber ensemble who won a Grammy in 1985 for their recording of this work based on what Rusian folk tale?

<P0-S0> L'Histoire du soldat (The Soldier's Tale) is a theatrical work "to be read, played, and danced" ("lue, jouée et dansée ") by three actors and one or several dancers, accompanied by a septet of instruments. <P0-S1>  The piece was conceived by Igor Stravinsky and Swiss writer C. F. Ramuz based on a Russian folk tale ("The Runaway Soldier and the Devil") drawn from the collection of Alexander Afanasyev. <SEP> <P1-S0> George Hurd is an American composer whose work focuses primarily on electroacoustic music combining classical instrumentation and electronics. <P1-S1>  He has also written a substantial amount of music for solo electronics and classical chamber ensemble. <P1-S2>  He is based in San Francisco, CA and heads The Hurd Ensemble, a chamber group dedicated to performing his pieces. <P1-S3>  A large portion of his work is concert music for The Hurd Ensemble and other groups, and music for dance, most notably having collaborated with choreographer Loni Landon and LEVYdance on "Meet Me Normal " (2014) and "the murmur of yearning" for Kinetech Arts. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kőműves Kelemen (Bricklayer Kelemen) is a Hungarian folk tale about the building of the fortress of Deva. <P2-S1>  Originating in the 16th century, its plot derived from a folk ballad. <P2-S2>  There are several versions of this tale, with minor differences. <P2-S3>  The eponymous poem makes reference to a well-known Hungarian folk tale in which the central character – a stonemason named Kőműves Kelemen – finds that the castle he’s trying to build keeps falling down, and is forced to sacrifice his beloved wife and mix her remains into the mortar in order to make the castle stand. <P2-S4>  This is a reference familiar to almost any Hungarian reader, but clearly not obvious to the non-Hungarian. <SEP> <P3-S0> John Bruce Yeh (born 1957) is an American clarinetist. <P3-S1>  He has been the assistant principal clarinetist and E-flat clarinetist of the Chicago Symphony Orchestra since 1977. <P3-S2>  Yeh is the founder and director of the chamber ensemble, Chicago Pro Musica, whose first recording, Stravinsky's "L'Histoire du soldat", won the 1985 Grammy Award for the Best New Classical Artist.
Question: The USS LST-510 is a ferry between New London and Orient but what is the population of Orient?

<P0-S0> Cross Sound Ferry is a passenger and road vehicle ferry service operating between New London, Connecticut and Orient, Long Island, New York. <P0-S1>  The service is privately owned and operated by Cross Sound Ferry Services, headquartered in New London. <SEP> <P1-S0> USS "Buncombe County" (LST-510) was an "LST-491"-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II. <P1-S1>  Named for Buncombe County, North Carolina, she was the only U.S. Naval vessel to bear the name. <P1-S2>  She currently serves as a ferry between New London, Connecticut, and Orient, Long Island. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The CDP's population was 743 at the 2010 census. <P2-S1> Orient is a hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, United States. <SEP> <P3-S0> Fishers Island is located at the eastern end of Long Island Sound, 2 mi off the southeastern coast of Connecticut across Fishers Island Sound, about 9 mi long and 1 mi wide. <P3-S1>  It is about 11 mi from the tip of Long Island at Orient Point, 2 mi from Napatree Point at the southwestern tip of Rhode Island and from Groton Long Point in Connecticut, and about 7 mi southeast of New London, Connecticut, from which it is accessible by plane or regular ferry service.
Question: Which band has more members, Muse or The Raconteurs?

<P0-S0> A Seaside Rendezvous was a 2009 duo of concerts by English alternative rock band Muse. <P0-S1>  Held at The Den in Teignmouth, Devon, the town in which the band's members spent their childhoods and began their musical careers, the homecoming concerts were the band's first shows in the town for 15 years. <P0-S2>  It is believed that the name 'Seaside Rendezvous' was taken from the Queen song of the same name (Queen being a major influence on the band). <SEP> <P1-S0>  The band consists of Matt Bellamy (lead vocals, guitar, piano, keyboards), Chris Wolstenholme (bass guitar, backing vocals, keyboards) and Dominic Howard (drums, percussion). <P1-S1> Muse are an English rock band from Teignmouth, Devon, formed in 1994. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Raconteurs , also known as The Saboteurs in Australia, is an American rock supergroup that was formed in Detroit, Michigan, featuring four musicians associated with earlier musical projects: Jack White (formerly of The White Stripes, currently The Dead Weather, as well as solo), Brendan Benson (solo), Jack Lawrence (of The Greenhornes, Blanche and The Dead Weather), and Patrick Keeler (also of The Greenhornes). <SEP> <P3-S0> Narcissus was an influential American hardcore band formed by John LaRussa and John Pope in 1998 in Canton, Ohio. <P3-S1>  Not counting John Pope (Vocals, Keyboards) and John LaRussa (Guitar), who were in the band from start to finish, members included, at various times, Justin Carroll (bass), Ray Taylor (rhythm guitar), Derek Carter (percussion), Stephen Cushman (percussion) and Josh King (bass). <P3-S2>  The band was on the now-defunct label Takehold Records before joining Century Media. <P3-S3>  A few albums were re-released through Tooth & Nail. <P3-S4>  Before breaking up the band were featured on The Vans Warped tour and were getting ready to hit Europe for their international release of "Crave and Collapse", which was received well over seas. <P3-S5>  The band has been considered highly influential for their progressive and inventive style of hardcore and rock. <P3-S6>  When the band broke up in 2003, John LaRussa went on to form Inhale Exhale with Brian Pittman, a former member of Relient K. <P3-S7>  John Pope joined Symphony In Peril briefly in 2003, and six months after he joined they disbanded. <P3-S8>  There has been rumors of a reunion that's surfaced from time to time, but nothing official. <P3-S9>  Mostly due to John LaRussa's busy schedule at times and refusal to play with the band again. <P3-S10>  The band has toured with many bands including MewithoutYou, Silverstein, Bayside, Further Seems Forever, Zao, Embodyment, Shelter, and Tantrum of the Muse, Few Left Standing, and Underoath.
Question: The producer of The Wreckage of Stars also produced albums for Texas in July, Everclear, and what other American metalcore band from Lancaster, Pennsylvania?

<P0-S0>  The band current lineup consists of vocalist Jake Luhrs, rhythm guitarist Brent Rambler, lead guitarist John Benjamin "JB" Brubaker, bassist and keyboardist Dustin Davidson, and drummer Matt Greiner. <P0-S1>  The band was nominated for a Grammy Award in 2016 for Best Metal Performance for the song "Identity" from its 2015 release "Found in Far Away Places". <P0-S2> August Burns Red is an American metalcore band from Lancaster, Pennsylvania formed in 2003. <SEP> <P1-S0>  The album was released on September 30, 2014 through eOne Music and was produced by Carson Slovak (August Burns Red, Texas In July, Everclear). <P1-S1>  A music video was filmed for "Withering Waves" and "The Fractured One". <P1-S2> The Wreckage of Stars is the debut full length record from American based progressive death metal band Black Crown Initiate. <P1-S3>  The album debuted at #18 on the Billboard Heatseekers chart. <SEP> <P2-S0> Texas in July was an American metalcore band from Ephrata, Pennsylvania, formed in 2007. <P2-S1>  They released an EP, "Salt of the Earth", and their debut full-length album, "I Am", through CI Records. <P2-S2>  After signing with Equal Vision Records, they released three more studio albums: "One Reality" on April 26, 2011; a self-titled album on October 9, 2012; and finally "Bloodwork" on September 16, 2014. <P2-S3>  The band broke up at the end of 2015. <P2-S4>  After the disbanding, JT Cavey went on to join Erra and Chris Davis went on to join The Ghost Inside. <SEP> <P3-S0> This or the Apocalypse is an American metalcore band from Lancaster, Pennsylvania which formed in 2005.
Question: Which tennis player has received a higher World singles ranking, Xavier Malisse or Virginia Wade?

<P0-S0> Xavier Malisse (born 19 July 1980) is Belgian retired professional tennis player. <P0-S1>  Born in the north-western Flemish city of Kortrijk and nicknamed "X-Man", he is only one of two players from Belgium (the other being David Goffin) to have been ranked in the top 20 of the ATP tour, with a career-high singles ranking of World No. 19. <SEP> <P1-S0> Pam Teeguarden (born April 17, 1951) is a former American professional tennis player in the 1970s and 1980s, ranked in the top 20 from 1970–1975, according to "John Dolan's Women's Tennis Ultimate Guide", prior to computer rankings. <P1-S1>  She won two Grand Slam Doubles Titles and was a quarter finalist in singles at the U.S. Open and The French Open. <P1-S2>  Her father Jerry, a well known coach, helped Margaret Court win the coveted Grand Slam (all four Grand Slam titles in one year) in 1970 and Virginia Wade to her 1977 Wimbledon triumph. <P1-S3>  Teeguarden was voted the "Most Watchable Player" based on play and appearance by a group of Madison Avenue advertising executives or "Mad Men" while playing at the US Open. <P1-S4>  Teeguarden played in 19 consecutive US Opens, holding the record until Chris Evert played in 20. <P1-S5>  She wore the first all black outfit in the history of tennis in 1975 at The Bridgestone Doubles Championships in Tokyo, starting a trend that is still popular today. <P1-S6>  Teeguarden was the first woman tennis player signed by Nike. <P1-S7>  She played on the victorious Los Angeles Strings Team Tennis team in 1981 and won the Team Tennis Mixed Doubles Division with Tom Gullikson in 1977; they were also runners-up in the league that year. <SEP> <P2-S0> Lele Forood (born 10 September 1956) is the Peter and Helen Bing Director of Women's Tennis at Stanford University. <P2-S1>  She has been the head coach there since 2001, and has won seven NCAA Championships. <P2-S2>  Prior to that, she was a top amateur and college tennis player. <P2-S3>  As a professional, she is best known for reaching the doubles semifinals at the 1976 US Open, and at the 1978 US Open, upsetting reigning Wimbledon champion Virginia Wade. <P2-S4>  Forood reached a high ranking in singles of No. 30. <SEP> <P3-S0>  She won three Grand Slam singles championships and four Grand Slam doubles championships, and is the only British woman in history to have won titles at all four Grand Slam tournaments. <P3-S1> Sarah Virginia Wade, (born 10 July 1945) is a former professional tennis player from Great Britain. <P3-S2>  She was ranked as high as No. 2 in the world in singles, and No. 1 in the world in doubles.
Question: What is the name of the architect who designed the Lincoln Memorial dedicated in 1922?

<P0-S0>  It is located on the western end of the National Mall in Washington, D.C., across from the Washington Monument. <P0-S1>  The architect was Henry Bacon; the designer of the primary statue – "Abraham Lincoln", 1920 – was Daniel Chester French; the Lincoln statue was carved by the Piccirilli Brothers; and the painter of the interior murals was Jules Guerin. <P0-S2> The Lincoln Memorial is an American national monument built to honor the 16th President of the United States, Abraham Lincoln. <P0-S3>  Dedicated in 1922, it is one of several monuments built to honor an American president. <P0-S4>  It has always been a major tourist attraction and since the 1930s has been a symbolic center focused on race relations. <SEP> <P1-S0> Illinois Centennial Memorial Column, Logan Square Monument or Illinois Centennial Monument is a public monument in the Logan Square community area and the Chicago Landmark and National Register of Historic Places-listed Logan Square Boulevards Historic District. <P1-S1>  Built in 1918 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Illinois' statehood, the monument, designed by Henry Bacon, famed architect of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, DC, is a single 70 ft tall marble Doric column topped by an eagle, in reference to the Flag of Illinois. <P1-S2>  Reliefs surrounding the base depict figures of Native Americans, explorers, farmers and laborers intended to show the great changes experienced during the state's 1st century. <P1-S3>  Although Bacon designed the main column, Evelyn Beatrice Longman designed and sculpted the reliefs. <SEP> <P2-S0> Henry Bacon (November 28, 1866 – February 16, 1924) was an American Beaux-Arts architect who is best remembered for the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. (built 1915–22), which was his final project. <SEP> <P3-S0> James Leal Greenleaf (July 30, 1857 – April 15, 1933) was an American landscape architect and civil engineer. <P3-S1>  Early in his career, he was a well-known landscape architect who designed the gardens and grounds of many large estates in Connecticut, New Jersey, and New York. <P3-S2>  He was appointed to the United States Commission of Fine Arts in 1918, and served until 1927. <P3-S3>  He was the landscape architect for the Lincoln Memorial (finished in 1922), and a consulting landscape architect for the Arlington Memorial Bridge (designed in 1925 and finished in 1932).
Question: West Ridge and the ridge that has IndependenceAvenue/Liberation Avenue as its eastern boundary are separated by what road? 

<P0-S0>  Castle Road separates West Ridge from the northern neighborhood of North Ridge. <P0-S1> West Ridge is a neighborhood of Accra, Ghana bounded to the south by Kinbu Gardens. <P0-S2>  Barnes Road serves as the neighborhood's western boundary, while the Independence Avenue/Liberation Avenue is the eastern boundary. <P0-S3>  The Accra branch of the British Council is located in West Ridge off Liberia Road. <SEP> <P1-S0> West Ridge Academy (known as the Utah Boys Ranch until 2005), is a youth residential treatment center based in West Jordan, Utah, USA. <P1-S1>  It seeks to provide clinical services, education, and other programs for teens, both girls and boys, that are identified as at risk. <P1-S2>  Until 2005, the Utah Boys Ranch was male-only. <P1-S3>  In early 2005, it opened new, separate facilities for girls and changed its name to West Ridge Academy. <P1-S4>  It is a non-profit 501(c)(3) corporation under the name Children and Youth Services, Inc. <P1-S5>  The academy states that it provides "quality clinical services, education, and experiences which promote spiritual awareness, personal accountability and change of heart." <P1-S6>  In 2016, the application to transition West Ridge Academy into a charter school, named Eagle Summit Academy, was approved. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The Kanda highway serves as the district's western boundary, while the Independence Avenue/Liberation Avenue is the eastern boundary. <P2-S1> North Ridge is a neighborhood in the city of Accra, Ghana bounded to the south by Castle Road. <P2-S2>  The Ring road separates North Ridge from the northern district of Kanda. <P2-S3>  The headquarters of the Bureau of National Investigations is located in North Ridge. <P2-S4>  Originally planned as a neighborhood for civil servants and businessmen in the colonial era, North Ridge remains one of the better residential neighborhoods in Accra. <SEP> <P3-S0> The McClellan Gate (sometimes known as the McClellan Arch) is a memorial to Major General George B. McClellan located inside Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States. <P3-S1>  Constructed about 1871 on Arlington Ridge Road (then the eastern boundary of the cemetery), it served as a main gate until about 1879 when the Sheridan Gate was constructed. <P3-S2>  The McClellan Gate became nonfunctional in 1966 when the road closed, and expansion of the cemetery eastward in 1971 left the gate deep inside Arlington. <P3-S3>  It is the only gate constructed on the cemetery's eastern boundary in the 1800s that survives.
Question: Who completed more books in their lifetime, Anne Frank or John Kennedy Toole?

<P0-S0> Laatste Zeven Maanden van Anne Frank (English title: "The Last Seven Months of Anne Frank") is a 1988 Dutch television documentary directed by Willy Lindwer about the last seven months in the life of diarist Anne Frank. <P0-S1>  Seven different women, who were fellow prisoners of Anne Frank in the Westerbork transit camp, and the Auschwitz and Bergen-Belsen concentration camps, gave interviews about Anne's last months in this documentary. <P0-S2>  Among them are Hanneli Goslar, Anne's childhood friend and fellow prisoner in Bergen-Belsen, and Janny Brandes-Brilleslijper, Anne's fellow prisoner in all three camps. <P0-S3>  Both women, who were cell mates with Anne and Anne's sister Margot, are believed to be among the last known people to have seen Anne alive. <SEP> <P1-S0> John Kennedy Toole ( ; December 17, 1937 – March 26, 1969) was an American novelist from New Orleans, Louisiana, whose posthumously published novel "A Confederacy of Dunces" won the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. <P1-S1>  He also wrote "The Neon Bible". <P1-S2>  Although several people in the literary world felt his writing skills were praiseworthy, Toole's novels were rejected during his lifetime. <P1-S3>  After suffering from paranoia and depression due in part to these failures, he committed suicide at the age of 31. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Short Life of Anne Frank (Dutch: "Het Korte Leven van Anne Frank" ) is a 2001 Dutch television documentary film about the life of diarist Anne Frank. <P2-S1>  It was directed by Gerrit Netten. <P2-S2>  The film was narrated by several actors, including Jeremy Irons, Joachim Krol, and Bram Bart. <P2-S3>  Thekla Reuten and Nicky Mark Morris provided voices for Anne Frank. <P2-S4>  The film includes the only known footage of Anne Frank (taken in 1941), a video of Otto Frank in English (taken in the 1960s), and some pages from the original diary of Anne Frank are also videoed in the film. <SEP> <P3-S0> Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank (] ; ] ; 12 June 1929 – February or March 1945) was a German-born diarist. <P3-S1>  It is one of the world's most widely known books and has been the basis for several plays and films. <P3-S2>  One of the most discussed Jewish victims of the Holocaust, she gained fame posthumously following the publication of "The Diary of a Young Girl" (originally "Het Achterhuis"; English: "The Secret Annex" ), in which she documents her life in hiding from 1942 to 1944, during the German occupation of the Netherlands in World War II.
Question: Are Calochone and Adlumia both plants?

<P0-S0> Calochone is a genus of flowering plants in the Rubiaceae family. <P0-S1>  The genus is found in Cameroon, Gabon, Cabinda Province, Republic of the Congo, and Democratic Republic of the Congo. <SEP> <P1-S0>  One species, "A. fungosa", is commonly known as the Allegheny vine, climbing fumitory, or mountain fringe. <P1-S1>  It is found in the eastern US, north of VA and TN, as far west as IA and MN, as well as in eastern Canada. <P1-S2>  The other species, "A. asiatica", is native to Korea and immediately neighbouring parts of China and southeast Russia. <P1-S3> Adlumia is a genus of two species in the Papaveraceae family.
Question:  Which species, Cardwellia or Ochagavia, is native to South America?

<P0-S0>  The genus is named for Sylvestris Ochagavia, Chilean minister of education. <P0-S1> Ochagavia is a genus of the botanical family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Bromelioideae. <P0-S2>  Endemic to southern and central Chile (including the Juan Fernández Islands), this genus is represented by four accepted species. <SEP> <P1-S0> A grison, also known as a South American wolverine, is any mustelid in the genus Galictis. <P1-S1>  Native to Central and South America, the genus contains two extant species: the greater grison ("Galictis vittata"), which is found widely in South America, through Central America to southern Mexico; and the lesser grison ("Galictis cuja"), which is restricted to the southern half of South America. <P1-S2>  In Spanish it is referred to as a "huroncito" (literally "little ferret") or "grisón" and in Portuguese as a "furão". <SEP> <P2-S0>  The species Cardwellia sublimis (northern silky oak) grows naturally only (endemic) in the rainforests of the wet tropics region of north eastern Queensland, Australia. <P2-S1> Cardwellia is a genus of a sole described species of large trees, constituting a part of the plant family Proteaceae. <P2-S2>  Other common names include bull oak, golden spanglewood, lacewood, oak and oongaary. <P2-S3>  The compound leaves have up to 17 leaflets. <P2-S4>  It produces white inflorescences followed by woody fruits which are prominently displayed outside the canopy. <SEP> <P3-S0> Invasive species are a serious threat to the native biodiversity of South America and are an ongoing cost to South American agriculture. <P3-S1>  South America is an important region for the worlds biodiversity, and includes a wide variety of native species, many of which provide . <P3-S2>  Introduced species in South America, have the potential to pose harm to ecosystems of the region and the aforementioned biodiversity. <P3-S3>  Although many of these non-native species are invasive, residents of the region often value these species, making it more difficult to organize efforts to get rid of them. <P3-S4>  Because of the instrumental and cultural value placed on these species, greater awareness, research, and policy are all necessary steps in solving invasive issues in South America. <P3-S5>  Here is a list of just a few of the species that have invaded South America and where they originate.
Question: What is the name of the Los Angeles resident who directed a 2016 American superhero film about a surgeon who learns the mystic arts after a career-ending car accident?

<P0-S0> The Music Center (officially named the Performing Arts Center of Los Angeles County) is one of the largest performing arts centers in the United States. <P0-S1>  Located in downtown Los Angeles, The Music Center is home to the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, Ahmanson Theater, Mark Taper Forum and Walt Disney Concert Hall. <P0-S2>  Each year, The Music Center welcomes more than 1.3 million people to performances by its four internationally renowned resident companies: Los Angeles Philharmonic, Los Angeles Opera, Los Angeles Master Chorale, and Center Theatre Group (CTG) as well as performances by the dance series Glorya Kaufman Presents Dance at The Music Center. <P0-S3>  The center is home to on-going community events, arts festivals, outdoor concerts, participatory arts activities and workshops, and educational programs. <SEP> <P1-S0> Paramour was Cirque du Soleil's first resident musical theatre show at the Lyric Theatre on Broadway, New York City. <P1-S1>  "Paramour" was themed to the "Golden age of Hollywood" and followed the life of "a poet who is forced to choose between love and art". <P1-S2>  It had similar elements to Cirque du Soleil's retired Los Angeles resident show in "Iris" (which was also themed on cinema) written and created by Philippe Decouflé, and had a 38-person onstage cast with actress Ruby Lewis in the lead as Indigo. <P1-S3>  "Paramour" began preview shows on April 16, 2016, with an official premiere on May 25, 2016. <P1-S4>  It closed exactly one year after its first preview show, on 16 April 2017. <SEP> <P2-S0>  He lives in Los Angeles, California. <P2-S1> Scott Derrickson (born July 16, 1966) is an American director, screenwriter and producer. <P2-S2>  He is best known for directing horror films such as "Sinister", "The Exorcism of Emily Rose", and "Deliver Us From Evil", as well as the 2016 Marvel Cinematic Universe installment, "Doctor Strange." <SEP> <P3-S0>  In "Doctor Strange", surgeon Strange learns the mystic arts after a career-ending car accident. <P3-S1> Doctor Strange is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. <P3-S2>  It is the fourteenth film of the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). <P3-S3>  The film was directed by Scott Derrickson, who wrote it with Jon Spaihts and C. Robert Cargill, and stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Stephen Strange, along with Chiwetel Ejiofor, Rachel McAdams, Benedict Wong, Michael Stuhlbarg, Benjamin Bratt, Scott Adkins, Mads Mikkelsen, and Tilda Swinton.
Question: Emprise Bank has branches in a city situated along what river?

<P0-S0> Bassett is a city situated along the Neosho River in the west-central part of Allen County, located in southeast Kansas, in the central United States of America. <P0-S1>  As of the 2010 census, the city population was 14. <SEP> <P1-S0> Emprise Bank is a Kansas-based, family owned, community bank headquartered in Wichita, Kansas with more than $1 billion in assets. <P1-S1>  Emprise has 37 locations across the state of Kansas, including branches in Wichita, Andover, Augusta, Chanute, Clearwater, Council Grove, Derby, El Dorado, Eureka, Goddard, Hays, Haysville, Hillsboro, Humboldt, Iola, Lawrence, McPherson, Moran, Mulvane, Park City, Potwin, Rose Hill, and Valley Center. <SEP> <P2-S0> Humboldt is a city in Allen County, Kansas, United States. <P2-S1>  It is situated along the Neosho River. <P2-S2>  As of the 2010 census, the city population was 1,953. <SEP> <P3-S0> Alvarado is a city situated along the Snake River in Marshall County in the State of Minnesota. <P3-S1>  The population was 363 at the 2010 census.
Question: Emma Rose Kenney's roll in a Blue Sky Studios produced film earned how much money?

<P0-S0> Sky of Avalon – Prologue to the Symphonic Legends is a studio album by German guitarist Uli Jon Roth marking a debut for his symphonic music project Sky of Avalon. <P0-S1>  It was produced at Sky Studios, Earl's Farm in Autumn 1995, except for "Starlight" and "Winds of War" produced in 1992 at Sky Studios, Seaford. <P0-S2>  It was released in 1996 in Japan and Europe, finally reaching the U.S. in 1998. <SEP> <P1-S0> Emma Rose Kenney (born September 14, 1999) is an American actress known for her roles in "Epic" (2013), "Shameless" (2011–present) as Debbie , and "Bittersweet" (2008). <SEP> <P2-S0>  It was produced by Blue Sky Studios, written by William Joyce, James V. Hart, Daniel Shere, Tom J. Astle and Matt Ember and directed by Chris Wedge, the director of "Ice Age" (2002) and "Robots" (2005). <P2-S1> Epic (stylized as epic) is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated action-adventure film loosely based on William Joyce's children's book "The Leaf Men and the Brave Good Bugs". <P2-S2>  The film stars the voices of Colin Farrell, Josh Hutcherson, Amanda Seyfried, Christoph Waltz, Aziz Ansari, Chris O'Dowd, Pitbull, Jason Sudeikis, Steven Tyler, and Beyoncé Knowles. <P2-S3>  The film was released on May 24, 2013 by 20th Century Fox. <P2-S4>  "Epic" received mixed reviews from critics and earned $268 million on a $93 million budget. <SEP> <P3-S0> The adoption proceedings of Emma Rose concerned an application for the adoption of a seven-year-old Georgia girl, Emma Rose, by Elizabeth Hadaway, a lesbian prospective mother.
Question: A 2001 Indian epic sports-drama film starred an actor who was also know for his role in what 1999 movie?

<P0-S0>  His other notable works include the character of Mirchi Seth in the 1999 critically acclaimed film "Sarfarosh". <P0-S1>  He also played the character of Arjan in the Academy Award nominated film "Lagaan". <P0-S2>  He was born in Siwan, Bihar. <P0-S3>  Akhilendra completed his schooling and graduation in Saran. <P0-S4> Akhilendra Mishra is an Indian film and television character actor best known for his role as Kroor Singh in the 1990s Doordarshan fantasy television series "Chandrakanta". <P0-S5>  He played the demon king Ravana in the 2008 television adaptation of the Hindu epic Ramayana. <SEP> <P1-S0> Deepak Tijori (born 28 August 1961) is an Indian film director and actor who works in Bollywood films and is well known for his supporting roles in "Aashiqui" (1990), "Khiladi" (1992), "Jo Jeeta Wohi Sikandar" (1992), "Kabhi Haan Kabhi Naa" (1993), "Anjaam" (1994), "Ghulam" (1998) and "Baadshah" (1999). <P1-S1>  He also starred as a lead actor in "Pehla Nasha" (1993). <P1-S2>  Tijori started his directing career with "Oops! <P1-S3> " (2003), a film about male strippers. <P1-S4>  This was followed by "Fareb" (2005), "Khamoshh... Khauff Ki Raat" (2005), "Tom, Dick, and Harry" (2006) and "Fox" (2009). <P1-S5>  "Thriller at 10 – Fareb", a TV mini-series produced by Tijori won the 2001 Indian Television Academy Awards in the category best mini-series. <SEP> <P2-S0> Keith Bogart is an actor who has starred in film, television and theatre. <P2-S1>  He is best known for his role in the horror film "". <P2-S2>  He also starred in the 1999 movie "The Secret Life of Girls". <SEP> <P3-S0> Lagaan (English: "Taxation" ; also called "Lagaan: Once Upon a Time in India") is a 2001 Indian epic sports-drama film written and directed by Ashutosh Gowariker. <P3-S1>  Aamir Khan, who was also the producer, stars along with Gracy Singh; British actors Rachel Shelley and Paul Blackthorne play the supporting roles. <P3-S2>  Made on a then-unprecedented budget of million () , the film was shot in an ancient village near Bhuj, India.
Question: Who wrote the song that caused the Columbia Kingsmen to change their name to Sha Na Na?

<P0-S0> Scott Powell was born in Dallas, Texas, on August 13, 1948. <P0-S1>  He was a founding member of Sha Na Na, which began at Columbia University in 1969, under the name The Kingsmen. <P0-S2>  The group's name was later changed to avoid confusion with another band of the same name. <SEP> <P1-S0> Four Winds is an EP by the indie rock band Bright Eyes, that was released on March 6, 2007. <P1-S1>  The title track is the first single from their album "Cassadaga". <P1-S2>  The other 5 tracks are exclusive b-sides from the 2006 recording sessions. <P1-S3>  It is marketed as being "quietly enchanting" and including "a wandering country charm and all of the story-telling seductiveness of earlier work. <P1-S4>  The fiddle refrain in the verse utilizes a melody identical to that of the vocal refrain ("Na, na na, na na na na") in Joan Baez's rendition of "The Night They Drove Old Dixie Down." <P1-S5>  The song "Four Winds" was ranked #5 on "Rolling Stone"' s list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007. <SEP> <P2-S0> Frederick "Dennis" Greene (January 11, 1949 – September 5, 2015) was an American singer who was a member of Sha Na Na who were formed in 1969 at Columbia University in New York as the Columbia Kingsmen. <P2-S1>  The name change to Sha Na Na occurred because of another group with a similar name, which was known for the song Louie Louie. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Louie Louie" is an American rhythm and blues song written by Richard Berry in 1955 and best known for the 1963 hit version by The Kingsmen. <P3-S1>  It has become a standard in pop and rock, with hundreds of versions recorded by different artists. <P3-S2>  The song was originally written and performed in the style of a Jamaican ballad. <P3-S3>  It tells, in simple verse–chorus form, the first-person story of a Jamaican sailor returning to the island to see his lady love.
Question: In which theatre in Los Angeles did the late-night talk show host of "Chelsea Lately" host the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards?

<P0-S0> After Lately is an American television comedy. <P0-S1>  The series depicts, in mockumentary style, the behind the scenes goings-on at the office of the late-night talk show "Chelsea Lately". <P0-S2>  The cast is made up of the actual writers and performers of "Chelsea Lately", who play themselves as they suffer the indignities and relish the perks of show business, bicker and argue over trivial and petty matters, compete for show air time and personal approval from Chelsea, and produce a nightly late-night cable comedy show. <P0-S3>  Celebrity guest stars regularly appear, playing parody versions of themselves, interacting with Chelsea and the cast. <P0-S4>  The series began airing on E! on March 6, 2011. <SEP> <P1-S0>  She hosted the late-night talk show "Chelsea Lately" on the E! network from 2007 to 2014, and released a documentary series, "Chelsea Does", on Netflix in January 2016. <P1-S1> Chelsea Joy Handler (born February 25, 1975) is an American comedian, actress, writer, television host, and producer. <P1-S2>  In 2012, "Time" named Handler one of the 100 most influential people in the world on their annual "Time" 100 list. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Chelsea Handler hosted the event, the first woman in sixteen years – since the 1994 MTV Video Music Awards – to do so. <P2-S1> The 2010 MTV Video Music Awards took place on September 12, 2010 at Nokia Theatre in Los Angeles, honoring the best music videos from the previous year. <SEP> <P3-S0> A late-night talk show is a genre of talk show popular in the United States, where the format originated. <P3-S1>  It is generally structured around humorous monologues about the day's news, guest interviews, comedy sketches and music performances. <P3-S2>  The late-night talk show format was popularized, though not invented, by Johnny Carson with "The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson" on NBC. <P3-S3>  Typically the show's host conducts interviews from behind a desk, while the guest is seated on a couch. <P3-S4>  Many late night talk shows feature a house band which generally performs cover songs for the studio audience during commercial breaks and occasionally will back up a guest artist.
Question: The Chandrasekhar limit was named after an astrophysicist, what is the name of his uncle of which is also a novel laureate?

<P0-S0> The Chandrasekhar limit ( ) is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. <P0-S1>  The limit was first indicated in papers published by Wilhelm Anderson and E. C. Stoner, and was named after Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, the Indian astrophysicist who independently discovered and improved upon the accuracy of the calculation in 1930, at the age of 19, in India. <P0-S2>  This limit was initially ignored by the community of scientists because such a limit would logically require the existence of black holes, which were considered a scientific impossibility at the time. <P0-S3>  White dwarfs resist gravitational collapse primarily through electron degeneracy pressure. <P0-S4>  (By comparison, main sequence stars resist collapse through thermal pressure.) <P0-S5>  The Chandrasekhar limit is the mass above which electron degeneracy pressure in the star's core is insufficient to balance the star's own gravitational self-attraction. <P0-S6>  Consequently, white dwarfs with masses greater than the limit would be subject to further gravitational collapse, evolving into a different type of stellar remnant, such as a neutron star or black hole. <P0-S7>  (However, white dwarfs generally avoid this fate by exploding before they undergo collapse.) <P0-S8>  Those with masses under the limit remain stable as white dwarfs. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit (or TOV limit) (also referred to as the Landau–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit (or LOV limit)) is an upper bound to the mass of stars composed of neutron-degenerate matter (i.e. neutron stars). <P1-S1>  The TOV limit is analogous to the Chandrasekhar limit for white dwarf stars. <P1-S2>  It is approximately 1.5 to 3.0 solar masses, corresponding to an original stellar mass of 15 to 20 solar masses. <SEP> <P2-S0>  His mathematical treatment of stellar evolution yielded many of the best current theoretical models of the later evolutionary stages of massive stars and black holes. <P2-S1> Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, FRS (Tamil: சுப்பிரமணியன் சந்திரசேகர் ; ; 19 October 1910 – 21 August 1995), was an Indian American astrophysicist who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize for Physics with William A. Fowler "for his theoretical studies of the physical processes of importance to the structure and evolution of the stars". <P2-S2>  The Chandrasekhar limit is named after him. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Several members of the family have achieved scientific distinction, notably in the field of physics. <P3-S1> The Chandrasekhar family is an Indian intellectual family. <P3-S2>  Two members of the family, Sir C. V. Raman and his nephew, Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar, were Nobel laureates in physics.
Question: Which breed of dog is now extinct: Chinese Crested Dog or the Chien-gris?

<P0-S0> The Chinese crested dog is a hairless breed of dog. <P0-S1>  Like most hairless dog breeds, the Chinese crested comes in two varieties, with and without fur, which are born in the same litter: the Powderpuff and the Hairless. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Chien-gris a.k.a. Gris de Saint-Louis ("Grey St. Louis Hound") was a breed of dog, now extinct, which originated in Medieval times. <P1-S1>  Like the Chien de Saint-Hubert it was a scenthound, and formed part of the royal packs of France, which were composed, from about 1250 till 1470, exclusively of hounds of this type. <P1-S2>  According to King Charles IX, (1550–1574) they supposedly were introduced to France through Saint Louis (i.e. King Louis IX, 1226–1270), who had encountered these hounds while a prisoner during the Crusades, and subsequently received some as a gift. <P1-S3>  Old writers on hunting liked to ascribe an ancient and remote origin to their hounds, and these were claimed to be originally from Tartary. <SEP> <P2-S0> Elwood (2005 – November 28, 2013) was the 2007 winner of the World's Ugliest Dog Contest, and had come in second in the contest the year before. <P2-S1>  His owner was Karen Quigley, a resident of Sewell, New Jersey, United States. <P2-S2>  He was a two-year-old Chinese Crested/chihuahua mixed breed. <P2-S3>  Elwood died on November 28, 2013. <P2-S4>  He was eight years old. <SEP> <P3-S0> Follicular dysplasia is a genetic disease of dogs causing alopecia, or hair loss. <P3-S1>  It is caused by hair follicles that are misfunctioning due to structural abnormality. <P3-S2>  There are several types, some affecting only certain breeds. <P3-S3>  Diagnosis is achieved through a biopsy, and treatment is rarely successful. <P3-S4>  Certain breeds, such as the Mexican Hairless Dog and Chinese Crested Dog, are bred specifically for alopecia.
Question: Which was available first the No Card or the Octopus card?

<P0-S0> The Octopus card () is a reusable contactless stored value smart card for making electronic payments in online or offline systems in Hong Kong. <P0-S1>  Launched in September 1997 to collect fares for the territory's mass transit system, the Octopus card system is the second contactless smart card system in the world, after the Korean Upass, and has since grown into a widely used payment system for all public transport in Hong Kong, leading to the development of Oyster Card in London. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Nol Card is an electronic ticketing card that was released in for all mode of public transport in Dubai services, on August 2009. <P1-S1>  The word Nol is an Arabic word نول for fare. <P1-S2>  The Nol Card system was developed by Octopus card Limited. <SEP> <P2-S0> UNICARD is a loyalty card scheme run by Universal Card Corporation. <P2-S1>  It is the most popular loyalty card in Georgia. <P2-S2>  First UNICARD was issued in 2010; Collection of loyalty points was available in more than 100 partner companies combining more than 500 leading trading points. <P2-S3>  Since 2016 more than 250 companies joined UNICARD network. <P2-S4>  Partner companies participating in UNICARD loyalty card program reward their customers every time card holders make a purchase. <SEP> <P3-S0> Visa Buxx is a prepaid card available in the United States and intended for use by teenagers. <P3-S1>  The program was Visa's first prepaid card product and was launched in 2001. <P3-S2>  Visa Buxx is not a credit card; instead, it debits a prepaid account, which enables parents to load the card's account online or over the phone and monitor spending, so parents can work with their teen to review their spending habits and avoid unexpected debt and interest charges. <P3-S3>  The face of a current Buxx card identifies it as a debit card.