Question: Scream consists of rides of this type in which  the track turns riders upside-down and then returns them to an upright position that has early forms dating back to what year

<P0-S0> Scream (originally stylised as Scream!) <P0-S1>  is a floorless roller coaster at Six Flags Magic Mountain. <P0-S2>  The 150 ft ride consists of a series of roller coaster elements including seven inversions ranging from a zero-g roll to interlocking corkscrews. <P0-S3>  Manufactured by Bolliger & Mabillard, Scream was the park's sixteenth roller coaster and is located in Screampunk District area of the park. <P0-S4>  The ride is a mirror image of Bizarro at Six Flags Great Adventure. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Bayern Kurve is an amusement ride made in both a portable and park model that debuted in 1965 and was invented by German engineer Anton Schwarzkopf. <P1-S1>  During the ride, riders sit in one of the sixteen bobsled-themed cars that travel at a high-speed around a circular single-hilled track. <P1-S2>  Riders start in an upright position and as the cars pick up speed, they tilt inward toward the center of the ride. <P1-S3>  This ride is also known for its loud horn which is similar to that of a diesel train engine that blasts its loud roar when the ride reaches maximum speed. <P1-S4>  Also akin to a train, the seamed track creates the same rail "click-clack" railway sound, particularly at the lower section of track in the front. <P1-S5>  Additionally, the ride has a distinct whine that increases with speed due to its tire/blade drive. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Apollo of Mantua and its variants are early forms of the Apollo Citharoedus statue type, in which the god holds the cithara in his left arm. <P2-S1>  The type-piece, the first example discovered, is named for its location at Mantua; the type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polyclitus but more archaic. <P2-S2>  The Apollo held the "cythara" against his extended left arm, of which in the Louvre example ("illustration") a fragment of one twisting scrolling horn upright remains against his biceps. <SEP> <P3-S0>  Early forms of inversions, dating as far back as 1848 on the Centrifugal Railway in Paris, were vertical loops that were circular in nature. <P3-S1>  They produced massive g-force that was often dangerous to riders, and as a result, the element eventually became non-existent with the last rides to feature the looping inversions being dismantled during the Great Depression. <P3-S2>  In 1975, designers from Arrow Development created the corkscrew, reviving interest in the inversion during the modern age of steel roller coasters. <P3-S3> A roller coaster inversion is a roller coaster element in which the track turns riders upside-down and then returns them to an upright position. <P3-S4>  Since then, the element have evolved from simple corkscrews and vertical loops to more complex inversions such Immelmann loops and cobra rolls. Featuring fourteen inversions, The Smiler at Alton Towers holds the world record for the number of inversions on a roller coaster.