Question: Fort Pickering is a 17th-century historic fort site on Winter Island in Salem, Massachusetts, it served as a fortification from which series of conflicts fought, on one side, by the Dutch States (the Dutch Republic, later the Batavian Republic) and, on the other side, first by England (the Commonwealth of England and then the Kingdom of England), and later by the Kingdom of Great Britain/the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland?

<P0-S0> Fort Pickering is a 17th-century historic fort site on Winter Island in Salem, Massachusetts. <P0-S1>  Construction of the original fort began in 1643 and it saw use as a military installation into the 20th century. <P0-S2>  Fort Pickering operated as a strategic coastal defense and military barracks for Salem Harbor during a variety of periods, serving as a fortification from the Anglo-Dutch Wars through World War II. <P0-S3>  Fort Pickering is a First System fortification named for Colonel Timothy Pickering, adjutant general of the Continental Army and secretary of War in 1795. <P0-S4>  Today, the remains of the fort are open to the public as part of the Winter Island Maritime Park, operated by the City of Salem. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Anglo-Dutch wars (Dutch: "Engels–Nederlandse Oorlogen" or "Engelse Zeeoorlogen" ) were a series of conflicts fought, on one side, by the Dutch States (the Dutch Republic, later the Batavian Republic) and, on the other side, first by England (the Commonwealth of England and then the Kingdom of England) and later by the Kingdom of Great Britain/the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. <P1-S1>  They were predominantly fought in the second half of the 17th century, mainly over trade and overseas colonies. <P1-S2>  Almost all the battles were fought at sea. <SEP> <P2-S0> There has not been a government of England since 1707 when the Kingdom of England ceased to exist as a sovereign state, as it merged with the Kingdom of Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain. <P2-S1>  Kingdom of Great Britain continued from 1707 until 1801 when it merged with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, which itself became the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK) in 1922 (in reality; in name in 1927) upon independence for most of the island of Ireland. <P2-S2>  The UK since then has gone through significant change to its system of government, with devolved parliaments, assemblies and governments in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. <P2-S3>  England, however, remains under the full jurisdiction, on all matters, of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the UK government as no devolved administration has been created for England within the new structure. <P2-S4>  This situation has led to the anomaly, known as the West Lothian question, which is that Scottish Members of Parliament (MPs) are able to vote on legislation that affects only England whereas English MPs can not vote on certain Scottish matters due to devolution. <P2-S5>  In some cases, such as top-up university tuition fees and foundation hospitals, the votes of Scottish MPs have been crucial in helping pass legislation for England that the majority of English MPs have opposed. <SEP> <P3-S0> Winter Island is an island connected by a causeway to Salem Neck in Salem, Massachusetts. <P3-S1>  It is about 45 acre in size, and is bounded by Smith Pool to the northwest, Cat Cove to the west, Salem Channel to the south and east, and Juniper Cove to the north. <P3-S2>  The island has about a dozen residences at the north end and one road, Winter Island Road. <P3-S3>  The Plummer Home for Boys sits on 18 acre of land on the northeastern shore. <P3-S4>  The balance of the island is Winter Island Marine Park. <P3-S5>  The entire island was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Winter Island Historic District and Archeological District in 1994.