Question: When did public health begin in the country where the organization behind the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is headquartered?

<P0-S0> the world health organization (who) is a specialized agency of the united nations that is concerned with international public health. <P0-S1> it was established on 7 april 1948, and is headquartered in geneva, switzerland. <P0-S2> the who is a member of the united nations development group. <P0-S3> its predecessor, the health organisation, was an agency of the league of nations. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly at its 3rd session on 10 December 1948 as Resolution 217 at the Palais de Chaillot in Paris, France. <P1-S1> Of the then 58 members of the United Nations, 48 voted in favor, none against, eight abstained, and two did n't vote. <SEP> <P2-S0> The site of the UN headquarters has extraterritoriality status. <P2-S1> This affects some law enforcement where UN rules override the laws of New York City, but it does not give immunity to those who commit crimes there. <P2-S2> In 2005, Secretary - General Kofi Annan waived the immunity of Benon Sevan, Aleksandr Yakovlev, and Vladimir Kuznetsov in relation to the Oil - for - Food Programme, and all were charged in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. <P2-S3> In addition, the United Nations Headquarters remains under the jurisdiction and laws of the United States, although a few members of the UN staff have diplomatic immunity and so can not be prosecuted by local courts unless the diplomatic immunity is waived by the Secretary - General. <P2-S4> Benon Sevan later fled the United States to Cyprus, while Aleksandr Yakovlev and Vladimir Kuznetsov decided to stand trial. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Office of the Surgeon General was created in 1871. <P3-S1> The PHS comprises all Agency Divisions of Health and Human Services and the Commissioned Corps. <P3-S2> The Assistant Secretary for Health (ASH) oversees the PHS and the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps. <P3-S3> The Public Health Service Act of 1944 structured the United States Public Health Service (PHS), founded in 1798, as the primary division of the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW; which was established in 1953), which later became the United States Department of Health and Human Services in 1979 -- 1980 (when the Education agencies were separated into their own U.S. Department of Education). <SEP> <P4-S0> in an attempt at reform, eritrean government officials and ngo representatives have participated in numerous public meetings and dialogues. <P4-S1> in these sessions they have answered questions as fundamental as, "what are human rights? <P4-S2> ", "who determines what are human rights? <P4-S3> ", and "what should take precedence, human or communal rights?" <P4-S4> in 2007, the eritrean government also banned female genital mutilation. <P4-S5> in regional assemblies and religious circles, eritreans themselves speak out continuously against the use of female circumcision. <P4-S6> they cite health concerns and individual freedom as being of primary concern when they say this. <P4-S7> furthermore, they implore rural peoples to cast away this ancient cultural practice. <P4-S8> additionally, a new movement called citizens for democratic rights in eritrea aimed at bringing about dialogue between the government and opposition was formed in early 2009. the group consists of ordinary citizens and some people close to the government.