Question: What guarantees fundamental rights in the birth country of The Mystic Masseur's producer?

<P0-S0> A collaboration by Merchant, James Ivory, and Ruth Prawer Jhabvala. <P0-S1> The Courtesans of Bombay is a 1983 British docudrama directed by Ismail Merchant. <P0-S2> The film focuses on a Bombay compound known as Pavan Pool, where women aspiring to work in the entertainment industry dance for donations from a male audience by day and, it is broadly suggested although never specifically stated, work as prostitutes by night. <P0-S3> It was broadcast by Channel 4 in the UK in January 1983 and went into limited theatrical release in the United States on 19 March 1986. <SEP> <P1-S0> It guarantees civil liberties such that all Indians can lead their lives in peace and harmony as citizens of India. <P1-S1> Fundamental Rights are the basic rights of the people and inalienable rights of the people who enjoys it the charter of rights contained in Part III (Article 12 to 35) of Constitution of India. <P1-S2> These include individual rights common to most liberal democracies, such as equality before law freedom of speech and expression, religious and cultural freedom and peaceful assembly, freedom to practice religion, and the right to constitutional remedies for the protection of civil rights by means of writs such as habeas corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari and Quo Warranto. <P1-S3> Violation of these rights result in punishments as prescribed in the Indian Penal Code or other special laws, subject to discretion of the judiciary. <P1-S4> The Fundamental Rights are defined as basic human freedoms that every Indian citizen has the right to enjoy for a proper and harmonious development of personality. <P1-S5> These rights universally apply to all citizens, irrespective of race, place of birth, religion, caste or gender. <P1-S6> Though the rights conferred by the constitution other than fundamental rights are equally valid and their enforcement in case of violation shall be secured from the judiciary in a time consuming legal process. <P1-S7> However, in case of fundamental rights violation, Supreme court of India can be approached directly for ultimate justice per Article 32. <P1-S8> The Rights have their origins in many sources, including England's Bill of Rights, the United States Bill of Rights and France's Declaration of the Rights of Man. <SEP> <P2-S0> oleg bogayev was born in 1970 in the city of sverdlovsk (now called yekaterinburg) in russia. <P2-S1> he writes of growing up as the cold war gave way to the emergence of perestroika, a "change from the decay of the empire to the birth of a new society." <P2-S2> he cites the social turmoil of recent decades as useful for artistic product: "[what] i know is that russia is just the right place for a playwright - with shattering of fates, conflicts, crumbling of hopes, clashes of ideas - all that i've seen and experienced." <SEP> <P3-S0> It is one of relatively few films directed by Ismail Merchant, who is better known as the producer in the Merchant Ivory partnership, and addresses issues of Hindu subculture in Trinidad and Tobago. <SEP> <P4-S0> the 2011 census recorded that 2,998,264 people or 36.7% of london's population are foreign-born making london the city with the second largest immigrant population, behind new york city, in terms of absolute numbers. <P4-S1> the table to the right shows the most common countries of birth of london residents. <P4-S2> note that some of the german-born population, in 18th position, are british citizens from birth born to parents serving in the british armed forces in germany. <P4-S3> with increasing industrialisation, london's population grew rapidly throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, and it was for some time in the late 19th and early 20th centuries the most populous city in the world. <P4-S4> its population peaked at 8,615,245 in 1939 immediately before the outbreak of the second world war, but had declined to 7,192,091 at the 2001 census. <P4-S5> however, the population then grew by just over a million between the 2001 and 2011 censuses, to reach 8,173,941 in the latter enumeration. <SEP> <P5-S0> Mumbai Bombay Megacity Mumbai Top to bottom: Cuffe Parade skyline, the Gateway of India (L), Taj Mahal Palace Hotel (R), Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus and the Bandra -- Worli Sea Link. <P5-S1> Nickname (s): Bambai, Mumbai city, City of Seven Islands, City of Dreams, Gateway to India, Hollywood of India Mumbai Location of Mumbai in Maharashtra, India Mumbai Mumbai (India) Show map of Maharashtra Show map of India Show all Coordinates: 18 ° 58 ′ 30 ''N 72 ° 49 ′ 33'' E ﻿ / ﻿ 18.97500 ° N 72.82583 ° E ﻿ / 18.97500; 72.82583 Coordinates: 18 ° 58 ′ 30 ''N 72 ° 49 ′ 33'' E ﻿ / ﻿ 18.97500 ° N 72.82583 ° E ﻿ / 18.97500; 72.82583 Country India State Maharashtra District Mumbai City Mumbai Suburban First settled 1507 Named for Mumbadevi Government Type Mayor -- Council Body MCGM Mayor Vishwanath Mahadeshwar (Shiv Sena) Municipal commissioner Ajoy Mehta Area Megacity 603 km (233 sq mi) Metro 4,355 km (1,681.5 sq mi) Elevation 14 m (46 ft) Population (2011) Megacity 12,442,373 Rank 1st Density 21,000 / km (53,000 / sq mi) Metro 18,414,288 20,748,395 (Extended UA) Metro Rank 1st Demonym (s) Mumbaikar Time zone IST (UTC + 5: 30) PIN code (s) 400 001 to 400 107 Area code (s) + 91 - 22 Vehicle registration MH - 01 (South), MH - 02 (West), MH - 03 (Central), MH - 47 (North) GDP / PPP $368 billion (Metro area, 2015) Official language Marathi Website www.mcgm.gov.in