winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: Women in geology concerns the history and contributions of which term to denote a female human being, to the field of geology?

<P0-S0>  There has been a long history of women in the field, but they have tended to be under-represented. <P0-S1>  In the era before the eighteenth century, science and geological science had not been as formalized as they would become later. <P0-S2>  Hence early geologists tended to be informal observers and collectors, whether they were male or female. <P0-S3>  Notable examples of this period include Hildegard of Bingen who wrote works concerning stones and Barbara Uthmann who supervised her husband's mining operations after his death. <P0-S4>  Mrs. Uthmann was also a relative of Georg Agricola. <P0-S5>  In addition to these names varied aristocratic women had scientific collections of rocks or minerals. <P0-S6> Women in geology concerns the history and contributions of women to the field of geology. <SEP> <P1-S0> Florence Bascom (July 14, 1862 – June 18, 1945) was the second woman to earn her Ph.D in geology in the United States, and the first woman hired by the United States Geological Survey. <P1-S1>  Apart from being one of the first women to earn a master's degree in geology, she was known for her innovative findings in this field. <P1-S2>  She led the next generation of notable female geologists. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The term "woman" is usually reserved for an adult, with the term girl being the usual term for a female child or adolescent. <P2-S1>  The term "woman" is also sometimes used to identify a female human, regardless of age, as in phrases such as "women's rights". <P2-S2>  Women with typical genetic development are usually capable of giving birth from puberty until menopause. <P2-S3> A woman is a female human being. <P2-S4>  With regard to gender, a woman may also be a person whose sex does not align with their gender identity, or those who have sexual characteristics that do not fit typical notions of male or female (intersex). <SEP> <P3-S0> Geomedical engineering is a discipline that applies the engineering practice to medical geology issues for the purpose of preventing medical geology risks to human and animal health. <P3-S1>  Geomedical engineering deals with the engineering principles and techniques to prevent or reduce the impacts of geological, geochemical and geoenvironmental factors on human and animal health. <P3-S2>  The term "geomedical engineering" was coined by Pakistani geologist Dr. Atteeq-Ur-Rehman in 2009 in his paper titled ""Geomedical Engineering: A new and captivating prospect"."
Question: Who was known for his association with Scott Cooley and known as an associate of the loosely federated group of outlaw Cochise County?

<P0-S0> The Cochise County Cowboys were a loosely associated group of outlaw cowboys in Pima and Cochise County, Arizona Territory in the late 19th century. <P0-S1>  The term "cowboy" had only begun to come into wider usage during the 1870s, and in the place and time, "Cowboy" was synonymous with "rustler". <P0-S2>  Cattle thieves frequently rode across the international border into Mexico and stole cattle from Mexican ranches, which they drove back across the border and sold in the United States. <P0-S3>  Some modern writers consider them to be one of the first and earliest forms of organized crime syndicates in American history. <SEP> <P1-S0> John Harris Behan (October 24, 1844 – June 7, 1912) was sheriff of Cochise County, Arizona Territory, during the gunfight at the O.K. Corral and was known for his opposition to the Earps. <P1-S1>  Behan was sheriff of Yavapai County from 1871 to 1873. <P1-S2>  He was married and had two children, but his wife divorced him, accusing him of consorting with prostitutes. <P1-S3>  He was elected to the Seventh Arizona Legislative Assembly, representing Yavapai County. <P1-S4>  In 1881, Wyatt Earp served for about five months as undersheriff of the eastern half of Pima County. <P1-S5>  When Wyatt resigned, Behan was appointed to fill his place, which included the mining boomtown Tombstone. <P1-S6>  When Cochise County was formed in February 1881, Behan was appointed as its first sheriff. <P1-S7>  Tombstone became the new county seat and Behan's headquarters. <P1-S8>  Sadie Marcus was his mistress, possibly as early as 1875 in Tip Top, Arizona, and certainly from 1880 until she found him in bed with another woman and kicked him out in mid-1881. <SEP> <P2-S0> Scott Cooley (1845 – June 1876) was an Old West Texas Ranger and later outlaw, best known for his association with gunman Johnny Ringo. <SEP> <P3-S0> John Peters Ringo (May 3, 1850 – July 13, 1882)—known as Johnny Ringo—was a known associate of the loosely federated group of outlaw Cochise County Cowboys in frontier Tombstone, Cochise County, Arizona Territory, United States. <P3-S1>  He was affiliated with Cochise County Sheriff Johnny Behan, Ike Clanton, and Frank Stilwell during 1881–1882.
Question: Where was the Japanese multinational conglomerate with which HP Pavilion competes headquartered?

<P0-S0> The Pavilion X360 is a computer tablet hybrid by Hewlett-Packard. <P0-S1>  First announced by HP at the Mobile World Congress. <P0-S2>  The HP Pavilion x360 competes with Acer Aspire R 11, <SEP> <P1-S0>  Its diversified products and services include information technology and communications equipment and systems, electronic components and materials, power systems, industrial and social infrastructure systems, consumer electronics, household appliances, medical equipment, office equipment, as well as lighting and logistics. <P1-S1> Toshiba Corporation (株式会社東芝 , Kabushiki-gaisha Tōshiba ) , commonly known as Toshiba and stylized as TOSHIBA, is a Japanese multinational conglomerate headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The Pavilion mainly competes against computers such as Acer's Aspire, Dell's Inspiron and XPS, Lenovo's IdeaPad and Toshiba's Satellite. <P2-S1> HP Pavilion is a line of personal computers produced by Hewlett-Packard and introduced in 1995. <P2-S2>  The name is applied to both desktops and laptops for the Home and Home Office product range. <SEP> <P3-S0> Sony Corporation (ソニー株式会社 , Sonī Kabushiki Kaisha ) (often referred to simply as Sony) is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Kōnan, Minato, Tokyo. <P3-S1>  Its diversified business includes consumer and professional electronics, gaming, entertainment and financial services. <P3-S2>  The company is one of the leading manufacturers of electronic products for the consumer and professional markets. <P3-S3>  Sony was ranked 113th on the 2016 list of Fortune Global 500.
Question: Meic Stevens is a Welsh singer-songwriter, discovered by which DJ ?

<P0-S0> 9Bach is an alternative folk group formed by Welsh singer-songwriter and pianist Lisa Jên and guitarist Martin Hoyland, a veteran of 1990s alt-rock band Pusherman. <P0-S1>  The group now includes Ali Byworth (drums and percussion), Dan Swain (bass guitar), Esyllt Glyn Jones (harp, vocals), and Mirain Roberts (vocals). <P0-S2>  The sextet's name puns on "nain", the word for "grandmother" in north Wales; "bach" means "small" in Welsh. <SEP> <P1-S0> Sir James Wilson Vincent Savile, OBE, KCSG ( ; 31 October 1926 – 29 October 2011) was an English DJ, television and radio personality, dance hall manager, and charity fundraiser. <P1-S1>  He hosted the BBC television show "Jim'll Fix It", was the first and last presenter of the long-running BBC music chart show "Top of the Pops", and raised an estimated £40 million for charities. <P1-S2>  At the time of his death he was widely praised for his personal qualities and as a fund-raiser. <P1-S3>  After his death, hundreds of allegations of sexual abuse were made against him, leading the police to believe that Savile had been a predatory sex offender—possibly one of Britain's most prolific. <P1-S4>  There had been allegations during his lifetime, but they were dismissed and accusers ignored or disbelieved; Savile took legal action against some accusers. <SEP> <P2-S0> "For the singer, see Meic Stevens." <SEP> <P3-S0> Meic Stevens (born March 13, 1942) is a Welsh singer-songwriter often referred to as "the Welsh Dylan", who has been compared with Syd Barrett. <P3-S1>  Still largely unknown outside Wales, he was discovered by DJ Jimmy Savile, who saw him performing in a Manchester folk club in 1965. <P3-S2>  Stevens's songs have a mystical, faintly psychedelic flavour, and are mostly sung in his native Welsh language. <P3-S3>  This led to Stevens recording his first single - with arranger John Paul Jones (later of Led Zeppelin) - for Decca Records that same year, though it sold badly.
Question: The National Space Olympiad is conducted in remembrance of an astronaut  who first flew to space in what year ?

<P0-S0> Kalpana Chawla (March 17, 1962 – February 1, 2003) was an American astronaut and the first woman of Indian origin in space. <P0-S1>  In 2003, Chawla was one of the seven crew members who died in the Space Shuttle "Columbia" disaster when the craft disintegrated during its re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere. <P0-S2>  She first flew on Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997 as a mission specialist and primary robotic arm operator. <P0-S3>  Chawla is a recipient of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor. <SEP> <P1-S0> Ronald John Garan Jr. (born October 30, 1961) is a NASA astronaut. <P1-S1>  After graduating from State University of New York College at Oneonta in 1982, he joined the Air Force, becoming a Second Lieutenant in 1984. <P1-S2>  He became an F-16 pilot, and flew combat missions in Desert Shield and Desert Storm. <P1-S3>  Before becoming an astronaut he was the Operations Officer of the 40th Flight Test Squadron (FTS). <P1-S4>  He first flew in space as a Mission Specialist on the STS-124 mission to the International Space Station (ISS). <P1-S5>  He returned to ISS on April 4, 2011 for a six-month stay as a member of Expedition 27. <SEP> <P2-S0> International Space Olympiad (ISO) is an international level Quiz competition on space science and technology for students of Grades 5-12 and is organized by Edu Mithra Intellectual services Pvt. Ltd., every year with a mission to attract and encourage talents in the fields of space science and technology and enhance the aptitude of children in space science. <SEP> <P3-S0> The National Space Olympiad (NSO) is a science competition conducted in India. <P3-S1>  The competition is conducted at the Department of Physics, Cochin University of science and Technology. <P3-S2>  Students from class 8 to class 10 can participate in the competition. <P3-S3>  All students participating in NSO are given a Certificate of Participation. <P3-S4>  The National Space Olympiad is conducted in remembrance of Indian astronaut Kalpana Chawla.
Question: Trailer Town was writtend and directed by a man born in what year?

<P0-S0> Trailer Town is a 2003 low-budget film shot on digital video, written and directed by Giuseppe Andrews and distributed by Troma Entertainment. <P0-S1>  The film is set in the trailer park where Andrews lives and stars many of the people who were his neighbors at the time. <P0-S2>  The film has drawn comparisons to the cult films of John Waters, Larry Clark, and Harmony Korine for its semi-realistic yet off-the-wall portrayal of lower-class individuals. <SEP> <P1-S0> Giuseppe Andrews (born Joey Murcia; April 25, 1979) is an American film actor, writer, and director known for his roles as Lex in the 1999 film "Detroit Rock City", a bizarre sheriff's deputy in "Cabin Fever" (2002), a small role in "Never Been Kissed" (1999), as well as appearances in The Smashing Pumpkins videos "1979" and "Perfect". <SEP> <P2-S0> Mrs Peppercorn's Magical Reading Room is a 24-minute Fantasy/Magical short film directed by Mike Le Han. <P2-S1>  In November 2010 the official trailer was released and entered into the International Movie Trailer Festival and won Best Trailer for an Un-Produced Movie. <P2-S2>  In March 2011 the film premiered at Bafta in London, then in August of the same year was requested by Disney Animation Studios to screen at their Burbank facility in Los Angeles. <P2-S3>  Three days later the film won grand prize of Best Short Film at the prestigious HollyShorts International Film Festival. <P2-S4>  In December 2011 it won Best Short Fiction Film at the Olypmia International Film Festival in Greece. <SEP> <P3-S0> Zack Hemsey (born 1983) is an American recording artist, rapper and composer, whose work has been largely popularized through its use in films and film trailers. <P3-S1>  A notable example is a trailer for the 2010 film "Inception" which included his composed piece "Mind Heist". <P3-S2>  It's a common misconception that the piece for this trailer was composed by Hans Zimmer, who composed the score for the film. <P3-S3>  "Mind Heist" was also used for the introduction video for the video game "Madden NFL 12" and is sometimes used by the show "America's Got Talent". <P3-S4>  Hemsey's music has also been used in trailers for the films "2 Guns", "The Town", and "Lincoln". <P3-S5>  "Vengeance" was featured in the film "The Equalizer", in a trailer for the second season of the HBO program "Game of Thrones", and the trailer for the 21st Century Fox miniseries "", the latter airing during the 2014 Super Bowl.
Question: The book in which the film "All Quiet on the Western Front" is based was written by an author who was born in what year?

<P0-S0> Not So Quiet is a 1930 animated short film produced by Walter Lantz, and stars Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. <P0-S1>  The title is a parody of "All Quiet on the Western Front", an Academy Award-winning Universal film released in the same year. <SEP> <P1-S0> Arch of Triumph is a 1984 British television film by Harlech Television. <P1-S1>  It is based on the novel "Arch of Triumph" by Erich Maria Remarque, author of "All Quiet on the Western Front". <P1-S2>  The novel was previously adapted in 1948 for a film of the same name with Ingrid Bergman and Charles Boyer. <P1-S3>  It was released on 19 December 1984 in the UK, and on 29 May 1985 in the US. <SEP> <P2-S0> Erich Maria Remarque (born Erich Paul Remark; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German <SEP> <P3-S0>  It was directed by Lewis Milestone, and stars Louis Wolheim, Lew Ayres, John Wray, Arnold Lucy and Ben Alexander. <P3-S1> All Quiet on the Western Front is a 1930 American epic Pre-Code war film based on the Erich Maria Remarque novel of the same name.
Question: What English composer had works premiered at Morley College and has no contemporary portrait?

<P0-S0> Thomas Tallis ( 1505 – 23 November 1585) was an English composer who occupies a primary place in anthologies of English choral music, and is considered one of England's greatest composers. <P0-S1>  He is honoured for his original voice in English musicianship. <P0-S2>  No contemporary portrait of Tallis survives: that painted by Gerard Vandergucht ("illustration"), dates from 150 years after Tallis died, and there is no reason to suppose that it is a likeness. <P0-S3>  In a rare existing copy of his black letter signature, the composer spelled his last name "Tallys." <SEP> <P1-S0> A conjectural portrait is a portrait made of a historical figure for whom no authentic contemporary portrait is available. <P1-S1>  The depiction, then, may be variously informed by written accounts of physical appearance, conjecture based on the subject's culture and background, and/or the artist's conception of the subject's inner essence. <SEP> <P2-S0> Pari intervallo is a composition by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt, written in 1976 in four parts without fixed instrumentation. <P2-S1>  The composer later made versions for organ (1980), four recorders (1980), clarinet, trombone and string orchestra (1995), saxophone quartet (2002), two pianos or piano duet (2008), and eight or four cellos (2010). <P2-S2>  "Pari intervallo" was one of seven works premiered in 1976 under the title tintinnabuli, the name of compositional style created by the composer. <SEP> <P3-S0> Morley College Choir was founded by Gustav Holst, during the period he was teaching music at Morley College. <P3-S1>  The choir was led for many years by Michael Tippett, who conducted the ensemble for the first-ever recording of Thomas Tallis' Spem in Alium, and premiered a number of Tippett's works, including A Child of Our Time in March 1944.
Question: Do the Trailing bellflower and the Pseudocydonia sinensis belong to the same plant family?

<P0-S0>  It is closely related to the east Asian genus "Chaenomeles", and is sometimes placed in "Chaenomeles" as "C. sinensis", but notable differences are the lack of thorns, and that the flowers are produced singly, not in clusters. <P0-S1>  The Chinese quince is also closely related to the European Quince genus "Cydonia"; notable differences include the serrated leaves, and lack of fuzz. <P0-S2> Pseudocydonia sinensis, the Chinese quince, is a deciduous or semi-evergreen tree in the family Rosaceae, native to eastern Asia in China, and the sole species in the genus Pseudocydonia. <SEP> <P1-S0> Trailing bellflower is a common name for several ornamental plants in the bellflower family and may refer to: <SEP> <P2-S0> Campanula robinsiae is a rare species of flowering plant in the bellflower family known by the common names Brooksville bellflower, Robins' bellflower, and Chinsegut bellflower. <P2-S1>  It is endemic to Florida, where it is known from four or five occurrences in Hernando and Hillsborough Counties. <P2-S2>  Its population has fluctuated throughout the years; at one point in the early 1980s it was feared extinct. <P2-S3>  Today there are two populations in Hernando County and probably three in Hillsborough River State Park. <P2-S4>  At the time the plant was listed as an endangered species of the United States in 1989, it was known from three small populations on wet prairies that were threatened by changes in the local hydrology and by pollution. <P2-S5>  It was also thought to be threatened by vandalism, trampling, and collecting by flower enthusiasts. <P2-S6>  Cattle grazing and invasion of the habitat by the exotic skunkvine ("Paederia foetida") also degrade the habitat. <SEP> <P3-S0> Campanula poscharskyana (Serbian bellflower, trailing bellflower) is a semi-evergreen trailing perennial, valued for its lavender-blue star-shaped flowers, native to the Dinaric Alps in former Yugoslavia.
Question: A Norwegian rebel leader has associations with which 1919 United States act?

<P0-S0>  His name is closely associated with the National Prohibition Act of 1919, usually called the Volstead Act. <P0-S1> Andrew John Volstead (October 31, 1860 – January 20, 1947) was an American member of the United States House of Representatives from Minnesota, 1903–1923, and a member of the Republican Party. <P0-S2>  The act was the enabling legislation for the enforcement of Prohibition in the United States beginning in 1920. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Marihuana Tax Act of 1937, Pub. <P1-S1>  238, 75th Congress, 50 Stat. <P1-S2>  551 (August 2, 1937) was a United States Act that placed a tax on the sale of cannabis. <P1-S3>  The H.R. 6385 act was drafted by Harry Anslinger and introduced by Rep. Robert L. Doughton of North Carolina, on April 14, 1937. <P1-S4>  The seventy-fifth Congress held hearings on April 27, 28, 29th, 30th, and May 4, 1937. <P1-S5>  Upon the congressional hearings confirmation, the H.R. 6385 act was redrafted as H.R. 6906 and introduced with House Report 792. <P1-S6>  The Act is now commonly referred to, using the modern spelling, as the 1937 Marijuana Tax Act. <P1-S7>  This act was overturned in 1969 in "Leary v. United States", and was repealed by Congress the next year. <SEP> <P2-S0> The 1919 United States anarchist bombings were a series of bombings and attempted bombings carried out by anarchist followers of Luigi Galleani from April through June 1919. <P2-S1>  These bombings led to the Red Scare of 1919–20. <SEP> <P3-S0>  The name "Graatop", meaning "Gray-top" is probably a "nom de guerre", possibly referring to gray hair or a gray hood (as a wanted outlaw, he may have concealed his face). <P3-S1>  Graatop's true identity is unknown. <P3-S2> Hallvard Graatop was a Norwegian rebel leader who fought against Erik of Pomerania. <P3-S3>  Popular stories in the Telemark area claim him to be "Lord" Hallvard Torbjørnsen of Roaldstad (later known as Vrålstad) farm, grandfather of Aslaug Torbjørnsdatter Vrålstad (herself an ancestor of Queen Sonja of Norway and Andrew Volstead), but this is disputed (see "Controversy", below).
Question: In which year was the university, at which Gavin Butt is based, founded?

<P0-S0> Butt Trumpet is an American, Los Angeles based punk project band, founded and maintained by Thom Bone, that is known more for its crass lyrics and deliberately offensive style. <P0-S1>  The group features two bassists among its members. <P0-S2>  They became famous in 1994 when their Chrysalis Records debut, "Primitive Enema", was banned from sale in a Massachusetts town after one mother heard her 12-year-old daughter listening to it, which she called "audio porn." <P0-S3>  Dan Druff played in the group briefly in 1995. <P0-S4>  The "Enema" lineup splintered soon after "Primitive Enema" was released, but three of the members regrouped in 1998 as Betty Blowtorch. <P0-S5>  The founder of the project, Thom Bone, continues to release and tour with various deliberately unstable band lineups up until the present. <SEP> <P1-S0> Gavin Butt (born 1967) is a British art historian based at Goldsmiths, University of London. <SEP> <P2-S0> Goldsmiths, University of London, is a public research university in London, England, specialising in the arts, design, humanities, and social sciences. <P2-S1>  It is a constituent college of the University of London. <P2-S2>  It was acquired by the University of London in 1904 and was renamed "Goldsmiths' College". <P2-S3>  The word "College" was dropped from its branding in 2006, but "Goldsmiths' College", with the apostrophe, remains the institution's formal legal name. <P2-S4>  It was founded in 1891 as "Goldsmiths' Technical and Recreative Institute" by the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths in New Cross, London. <SEP> <P3-S0> Naughty Dog is an American video game developer that was founded in 1984 by Andy Gavin and Jason Rubin. <P3-S1>  Based in Santa Monica, California, Naughty Dog was originally known as Jam Software until 1989, and began producing games for the Apple II system. <P3-S2>  Their first release, "Math Jam", was an educational game for the system which Gavin and Rubin self-published in 1985. <P3-S3>  The following year, Jam developed the skiing game "Ski Crazed", which was published by Michigan-based company Baudville for the Apple II. <P3-S4>  The partnership with Baudville continued for "Dream Zone", an adventure game released for the Apple IIGS as well as the Amiga and DOS in 1987, before they left to work with Electronic Arts on "Keef the Thief" and "Rings of Power". <P3-S5>  After a brief hiatus, "Way of the Warrior" was released for the 3DO in 1994, before Naughty Dog partnered with Sony Computer Entertainment, by whom they were later acquired in 2001.
Question: "Bring Out the Bottles" is a song by American singer, dancer, DJ and rapper Redfoo, also known for being half of the duo LMFAO,  an American electronic dance music duo consisting of Redfoo and SkyBlu. Who are related to each other how?

<P0-S0>  Its members are the son and grandson of Motown Records founder Berry Gordy, Jr.. <P0-S1>  RedFoo and SkyBlu grew up in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles, where they formed the group LMFAO in 2006 and later became part of the electro house scene. <P0-S2>  LMFAO started building a local buzz through its shows and radio play. <P0-S3>  In 2010, they were featured on David Guetta's smash hit "Gettin' Over You", which charted all over Europe and the United States, including reaching number one in the UK Singles Chart. <P0-S4> LMFAO is an American electronic dance music duo consisting of uncle and nephew Redfoo and SkyBlu. <SEP> <P1-S0> The discography of American electro and hip hop duo LMFAO consists of two studio albums, one extended play, sixteen singles (including seven as a featured artist) and sixteen music videos. Consisting of rappers and singers Redfoo and SkyBlu, the duo was formed in 2006 in the Los Angeles neighborhood of Pacific Palisades. <P1-S1>  LMFAO began their career in the Los Angeles club circuit, where they were met with positive reception. <P1-S2>  American hip hop recording artist will.i.am brought the duo to the attention of industry executive Jimmy Iovine, who signed them to his label Interscope Records. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Bring Out the Bottles" is a song by American singer, dancer, DJ and rapper Redfoo, also known for being half of the duo LMFAO. <P2-S1>  It was released on 28 December 2012. <P2-S2>  "Bring Out the Bottles" was produced by Redfoo, who also wrote the song along with Andre Smith and Brandon Garcia. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Juicy Wiggle" is a song by American singer, dancer, DJ and rapper Redfoo, also known for being half of the duo LMFAO. <P3-S1>  It was released as the second single from his debut studio album "Party Rock Mansion" on February 10, 2015. <P3-S2>  The song was written and produced by Redfoo.
Question: What is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Südwest and the Regionalliga West, that was apart of the four regional sections of the first year of the Regionalliga?

<P0-S0> The Regionalliga West is a German semi-professional football division administered by the Western German Football Association based in Duisburg. <P0-S1>  It is one of the five German regional football associations. <P0-S2>  Being the single flight of the Western German state association, the Regionalliga is currently a level 4 division of the German football league system. <P0-S3>  It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga Südwest. <SEP> <P1-S0> The 1994–95 Regionalliga season was the first year of the Regionalliga as the third tier of German football. <P1-S1>  There were four regional sections, Nord, Nordost, West-Südwest and Süd, each with eighteen teams. <P1-S2>  Most teams qualified from the Oberliga, which dropped to become a fourth-tier league, while five teams were relegated from the previous year's 2. <P1-S3>  Bundesliga. <P1-S4>  In the Nord section, four teams were promoted from the formerly fourth-tier Verbandsliga. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Regionalliga Nord (English: Regional League North ) is the fourth tier of the German football league system in the states of Lower Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein, Bremen and Hamburg. <P2-S1>  It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Südwest and the Regionalliga West. <P2-S2>  Until the introduction of the 3. <P2-S3>  Liga in 2008 it was the third tier. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Regionalliga Südwest (English: Regional League Southwest ) is the fourth tier of the German football league system in the states of Hesse, Baden-Württemberg, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland. <P3-S1>  It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West.
Question: Kansas's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kansas, Huelskamp was re-elected twice in 2012 and 2014, but lost the 2016 Republican primary for a fourth term to which obstetrician, and an American politician?

<P0-S0> Charles Kong Djou (born August 9, 1970) is an American politician who served for 7 months as U.S. Representative for Hawaii's 1st congressional district in 2010–11. <P0-S1>  As a member of the Republican Party, Djou won his congressional seat in a May 2010 special election where the Democratic vote was split between several candidates, but was defeated in the general election in November after the Democratic primary provided a single opponent. <P0-S2>  Djou, who previously served in the Hawaii House of Representatives and the Honolulu City Council, is the first Thai American and the first Chinese American Republican to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives. <P0-S3>  In June 2016, Djou entered the race for Mayor of Honolulu, which he lost to Democratic incumbent Kirk Caldwell. <SEP> <P1-S0> Bradley Roberts Byrne (born February 16, 1955) is an American business attorney and Republican congressman for Alabama's 1st congressional district. <P1-S1>  He served as chancellor of the Alabama Community College System from 2007 until his resignation in 2009 to run for the 2010 Republican nomination for Governor of Alabama. <P1-S2>  He was also a member of the Alabama State Senate from 2003 to 2007. <P1-S3>  He holds a degree from Duke University, where he was a member of the Phi Delta Theta Fraternity, and he also attended the University of Alabama. <P1-S4>  In December 2013, he won a special election to represent Alabama's 1st congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives. <SEP> <P2-S0> Kansas's 1st congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Kansas. <P2-S1>  Huelskamp was re-elected twice in 2012 and 2014, but lost the 2016 Republican primary for a fourth term to obstetrician Roger Marshall. <P2-S2>  Commonly known as "The Big First", the district encompasses 63 counties in western and northern Kansas (more than half of the state), making it the 12th largest congressional district in the nation. <P2-S3>  Located within the district are Manhattan, Salina, Dodge City, Emporia, Garden City, Hays and Hutchinson. <P2-S4>  From 2011 to 2017, the district was represented by Republican Tim Huelskamp who was originally elected in 2010 to succeed fellow Republican Jerry Moran who ran successfully for the U.S. Senate seat formerly held by now Governor Sam Brownback. <SEP> <P3-S0>  He is the Republican U.S. Representative for 2=nd <P3-S1> Roger W. Marshall (born August 9, 1960) is an American politician and obstetrician.
Question: Who was born first, Rainer Werner Fassbinder or Gillian Armstrong?

<P0-S0> The film consists of several interviews with the women who part of the professional and personal lives of the German film director Rainer Werner Fassbinder. <P0-S1>  These include: Hanna Schygulla, the director's favorite actress; Ursula Strätz, who founded the Munich Action Theater, where Fassbinder began his career on the stage and actresses Barbara Valentin and Brigitte Mira, the star of Fassbinder’s "Fear Eats the Soul". <SEP> <P1-S0> Juliane Lorenz (born 2 August 1957) is a German film editor best known for her work with and relationship to director Rainer Werner Fassbinder. <P1-S1>  Lorenz is the head of the Fassbinder Foundation, an organization that seeks to preserve and promote the filmmaker's legacy. <P1-S2>  She has authored or edited several books on the director's life and work, and has directed a documentary on the same subject. <SEP> <P2-S0>  Her films often feature female perspectives and protagonists. <P2-S1> Gillian May Armstrong (born 18 December 1950) is an award-winning Australian feature film and documentary director, who specializes in period drama. <SEP> <P3-S0> Rainer Werner Fassbinder (] ; 31 May 1945 – 10 June 1982) was a West German filmmaker, actor, playwright and theatre director, part of the New German Cinema movement.
Question: Wannsee House and the Holocaust by Steven Lehrer, tells the story of the elegant suburban Berlin villa where the Wannsee Conference took place on which date, at that meeting, which was a high-ranking German Nazi official during World War II, and a main architect of Wannsee House and the Holocaust by Steven Lehrer, tells the story of the elegant suburban Berlin villa where the Wannsee Conference took place on January 20, 1942, at that meeting, which was a high-ranking German Nazi official during World War II, and a main architect of the Holocaust?

<P0-S0> Reinhard Tristan Eugen Heydrich (] ) (7 March 1904 – 4 June 1942) was a high-ranking German Nazi official during World War II, and a main architect of the Holocaust. <P0-S1>  He was an SS-"Obergruppenführer und General der Polizei" (Senior Group Leader and General of Police) as well as chief of the Reich Main Security Office (including the Gestapo, Kripo, and SD). <P0-S2>  He was also "Stellvertretender Reichsprotektor" (Deputy/Acting Reich-Protector) of Bohemia and Moravia. <P0-S3>  Heydrich served as president of the International Criminal Police Commission (ICPC; later known as Interpol) and chaired the January 1942 Wannsee Conference, which formalised plans for the Final Solution to the Jewish Question—the deportation and genocide of all Jews in German-occupied Europe. <SEP> <P1-S0>  At that meeting, Reinhard Heydrich announced the plans for the deportation and extermination of all Jews in German-occupied territory. <P1-S1>  This to be coordinated with the representatives from the Nazi state agencies present at the meeting. <P1-S2> Wannsee House and the Holocaust by Steven Lehrer tells the story of the elegant suburban Berlin villa where the Wannsee Conference took place on January 20, 1942. <SEP> <P2-S0> Fatherland is a 1992 alternate history detective novel by English writer and journalist Robert Harris. <P2-S1>  Set in a universe where Nazi Germany won World War II, the story's lead protagonist is an SS officer investigating the murder of a Nazi government official who was one of the participants at the Wannsee Conference. <P2-S2>  In so doing, he discovers a plot to eliminate all attendees of the conference in order to help Germany establish better political relations with the United States. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Reich Chancellery and Führerbunker Complex: An Illustrated History of the Seat of the Nazi Regime is a 2006 book by Steven Lehrer, in which Lehrer recounts the history of a group of Berlin buildings, from their construction in the 18th century until their complete destruction during and after World War II.
Question: What is the name of the water tower located on the North Shore of Long Island?

<P0-S0>  The tower is a utilitarian structure manufactured by the Phillipsburg, New Jersey firm of Tippett and Wood. <P0-S1>  The tank is round in plan and topped by a bell-shaped slate roof and copper cupola. <P0-S2> Mackay Estate Water Tower is a historic water tower located at East Hills in Nassau County, New York. <P0-S3>  The tank stands on eight legs, each of which is 34 feet tall. <P0-S4>  The water tower and tank are concealed inside a tall structure designed by Stanford White that is constructed of stone, laid in random ashlar, and the roof is spanned by a Guastavino tile dome. <P0-S5>  The tower was originally a component of Clarence Mackay's Harbor Hill Estate. <SEP> <P1-S0> East Hills is a village in Nassau County, New York on the North Shore of Long Island. <P1-S1>  It is considered part of the Greater Roslyn area, which is anchored by the Village of Roslyn. <P1-S2>  As of the United States 2010 Census, the village population was 6,955. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Grant Depot and Water Tower (or The Grand Rapids, Newaygo and Lake Shore Railroad Company Depot and Water Tower) is a state historical site in Grant, Michigan. <P2-S1>  The railroad depot, and water tower was built in 1891 by the Chicago and West Michigan Railroad, and within a few years became part of the Pere Marquette System. <P2-S2>  The water tower is believed to be the last original wooden water tower in the State of Michigan, and the site was added to the Michigan State Historical Registry on June 10, 1980. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Old Chicago Water Tower District is a historic district along the Magnificent Mile shopping district in the Near North Side community area of Chicago, Illinois. <P3-S1>  The district is located on both sides of North Michigan Avenue between East Chicago and East Pearson Streets. <P3-S2>  It includes the Chicago Water Tower, Chicago Avenue Pumping Station, and Chicago Fire Department Fire Station No. 98. <P3-S3>  All three structures are part of the Chicago Landmark district designated on October 6, 1971 (amended June 10, 1981). <P3-S4>  The Water Tower and Pumping Station were jointly added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 23, 1975. <P3-S5>  In addition the Tower was named an American Water Landmark in 1969. <P3-S6>  The Water Tower was also one of the few buildings to survive the Great Chicago Fire. <P3-S7>  The district is the namesake of the nearby Water Tower Place.
Question: Which musician that Imperial Records worked with toured with Elvis Presley?

<P0-S0> Slim Whitman (January 20, 1923 – June 19, 2013), born as Otis Dewey Whitman Jr, was an American country music and western music singer-songwriter and instrumentalist known for his yodeling abilities and his smooth, high, three-octave-range falsetto in a style christened as "countrypolitan". <P0-S1>  He stated that he had sold in excess of 120 million records. <P0-S2>  In the 1950s Whitman toured with Elvis Presley as the opening act. <P0-S3>  In the 1990s a new generation was exposed to Whitman through his songs featured in the film "Mars Attacks! <P0-S4> "; his iconic "Indian Love Call" would kill the invading Martians every time the record was played. <SEP> <P1-S0> Singer Presents Elvis Singing Flaming Star and Others is the thirty-third album by American singer and musician Elvis Presley, released by RCA Records in stereo, PRS 279, in October 1968. <P1-S1>  It spent five months available only at select retail stores featuring products by the Singer Sewing Machine Company as a promotional tie-in with Presley's upcoming Christmas television special on the NBC network, which Singer had sponsored. <P1-S2>  It was reissued for normal retail channels as Elvis Sings Flaming Star in March 1969, becoming the first Elvis Presley budget album on the RCA Camden label, catalogue CAS 2304. <P1-S3>  The 1969 release peaked at number 96 on the "Billboard" 200 album chart. <P1-S4>  It was certified Gold on July 15, 1999, and Platinum on January 6, 2004, by the Recording Industry Association of America. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The record company was influential in the development of rock and roll, with a roster of musicians including Fats Domino, Slim Whitman, Chris Kenner, Ricky Nelson and others. <P2-S1> Lewis Robert "Lew" Chudd (July 11, 1911 – June 15, 1998) was an American record label and radio executive who founded Imperial Records in 1946. <SEP> <P3-S0> Elvis Presley's guitars were a major component of the iconic rock and roll image created by Elvis Presley that revolutionized popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s. <P3-S1>  It is impossible to gauge the impact of that image on millions of young people around the world who were inspired to learn to play guitar after watching Presley in performance, on television, or in films. <P3-S2>  Although not known for his abilities as a guitarist, Presley had a profound musical influence on some of the most important rock and roll artists to emerge since the 1950s, including Buddy Holly, John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, Bob Dylan, and Bruce Springsteen. <P3-S3>  The extent of Presley's impact on their lives and music is captured in John Lennon's famous quote: "Before Elvis, there was nothing."
Question: The Central European monarchy of which Johann Rudolf, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin was Government President was the predecessor of what modern country?

<P0-S0> Karl, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin (Czech: "Karel hrabě Chotek z Chotkova a Vojnína" , German: "Karl Graf Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin" ); (23 July 1783 – 18 December 1868) was an Austrian chancellor, Government President (Gubernialpräsident) and school reformer of Bohemia and honorary citizen of Innsbruck and Prague. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Kingdom of Bohemia, sometimes in English literature referred to as the Czech Kingdom (Czech: "České království" ; German: "Königreich Böhmen" ; Latin: "Regnum Bohemiae" , sometimes Latin: "Regnum Czechorum" ), was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Central Europe, the predecessor of the modern Czech Republic. <P1-S1>  It was an Imperial State in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Bohemian king was a prince-elector of the empire. <P1-S2>  The kings of Bohemia, besides Bohemia, ruled also the Lands of the Bohemian Crown, which at various times included Moravia, Silesia, Lusatia and parts of Saxony, Brandenburg and Bavaria. <SEP> <P2-S0> Time in the Czech Republic is Central European Time (Středoevropský čas:, SEC ) and Central European Summer Time (Středoevropský letní čas:, SLC ). <P2-S1>  Daylight saving time is observed from the last Sunday in March (2:00 CET) to the last Sunday in October (3:00 CEST). <P2-S2>  The Czech republic has observed Central European Time since 1979. <P2-S3>  Until 1993 when Czechoslovakia was separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia, they also had Central European Time and Central European Summer Time. <P2-S4>  After the summer months, time in the Czech Republic is shifted back by one hour to Central European Time. <P2-S5>  Like most states in Europe, Summer time (daylight saving time) is observed in the Czech Republic, when time is shifted forward by one hour, two hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time. <SEP> <P3-S0> Johann Rudolf, Count Chotek of Chotkow and Wognin (German: "Johann Nepomuk Rudolph Graf Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin" ; 18 May 174826 August 1824) was an Austrian finance minister and Government President (Gubernialpräsident) in the Kingdom of Bohemia.
Question: Jim Keller is a microprocessor engineer most well known for his work at AMD and Apple, he was involved in designing which 32-bit package on package (PoP) system-on-a-chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc. and manufactured by Samsung? 

<P0-S0>  He was the lead architect of the AMD K8 microarchitecture (including the original Athlon 64) and was involved in designing the Athlon (K7) and Apple A4/A5 processors. <P0-S1> Jim Keller is a microprocessor engineer most well known for his work at AMD and Apple. <P0-S2>  He was also the coauthor of the specifications for the x86-64 instruction set and HyperTransport interconnect. <P0-S3>  From 2012 to 2015, he returned to AMD to work on the AMD K12 and Zen microarchitectures. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Apple A9 is a 64-bit ARM-based system-on-chip (SoC), designed by Apple Inc. <P1-S1>  Manufactured for Apple by both TSMC and Samsung, it first appeared in the iPhone 6S and 6S Plus which were introduced on September 9, 2015. <P1-S2>  Apple stated that it had 70% more CPU performance and 90% more graphics performance compared to its predecessor, the Apple A8, and was one of the most powerful and energy-efficient mobile chips on the market then along with the Samsung Exynos 8890 and Qualcomm Snapdragon 820. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Apple A6 is a 32-bit package on package (PoP) system on a chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc. that was introduced on September 12, 2012 at the launch of the iPhone 5. <P2-S1>  Apple states that it is up to twice as fast and has up to twice the graphics power compared with its predecessor, the Apple A5. <SEP> <P3-S0>  It combines an ARM Cortex-A8 CPU with a PowerVR GPU, and emphasizes power efficiency. <P3-S1>  The chip commercially debuted with the release of Apple's iPad tablet; followed shortly by the iPhone 4 smartphone, the iPod Touch (4th generation), and the Apple TV (2nd generation). <P3-S2> The Apple A4 is a 32-bit package on package (PoP) system-on-a-chip (SoC) designed by Apple Inc. and manufactured by Samsung. <P3-S3>  It was superseded by the Apple A5 processor used in the iPad 2 released the following year, which was then subsequently replaced by the Apple A5X processor in the iPad (3rd generation).
Question: Are Tony Hadley and Ian Ball of the same nationality?

<P0-S0> Spandau Ballet are an English band formed in London in 1979. <P0-S1>  The band were inspired by, and an integral part of, the electro movement. <P0-S2>  They became one of the most successful groups to emerge during the New Romantic era. <P0-S3>  The band's classic line-up features brothers Gary Kemp and Martin Kemp on guitars, vocalist Tony Hadley, saxophonist Steve Norman, and drummer John Keeble. <SEP> <P1-S0> La Cucina is a 2007 romantic drama written by A. W. Gryphon. <P1-S1>  The film stars Christina Hendricks, Joaquim de Almeida, Leisha Hailey, & Rachel Hunter. <P1-S2>  It was directed by first time directors Allison Hebble & Zed B. Starkovich. <P1-S3>  The film was scored by Ian Ball from the band Gomez. <P1-S4>  Although Ball had contributed songs to other films such as the Academy Award winning film "American Beauty", this was his first attempt at scoring an entire film. <SEP> <P2-S0>  He has also performed and released two solo albums (as of June 2017). <P2-S1>  He is also a member of the 14 piece supergroup Operation Aloha (album). <P2-S2>  along with fellow Gomez member Olly Peacock. <P2-S3> Ian Thomas Ball (born 19 October 1975) is an English musician, most notable for being part of the indie rock band Gomez, sharing lead vocals and guitars. <SEP> <P3-S0> Anthony Patrick Hadley (born 2 June 1960) is an English pop singer-songwriter, occasional stage actor and radio presenter who first rose to fame in the 1980s as the lead singer of the new wave band Spandau Ballet. <P3-S1>  Hadley is recognisable for his suave image, as well as his powerful blue-eyed soul voice, which has been described by AllMusic as a "dramatic warble". <P3-S2>  He has also been characterised as a "top crooner" by the BBC.
Question: Who directed a 2004 American action film starring a former competitive diver?

<P0-S0> Out of Reach is a 2004 American action film directed by Po-Chih Leong, written by Trevor Miller, and starring Steven Seagal and Ida Nowakowska. <P0-S1>  The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on July 20, 2004. <P0-S2>  Seagal plays William Lansing, a former covert agent turned survivalist, tracking a human trafficking ring and trying to rescue his pen pal, a thirteen-year-old orphan from Poland whom he has taught to use secret codes. <SEP> <P1-S0> Cellular is a 2004 American action crime thriller film directed by David R. Ellis and starring Kim Basinger, Chris Evans, Jason Statham and William H. Macy. <P1-S1>  The screenplay was written by Chris Morgan and Larry Cohen. <SEP> <P2-S0> Paparazzi is a 2004 American action film directed by Paul Abascal, produced by actor Mel Gibson, and starring Cole Hauser. <P2-S1>  The film chronicles the life of a popular Hollywood film star in the aftermath of a car crash caused by four paparazzo tabloid photographers. <SEP> <P3-S0> Jason Statham ( born 26 July 1967) is an English actor, and a former model and competitive diver.