winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What is the birth name of the producer of "Here I Go"?

<P0-S0> Group Home is a hip hop duo, composed of members Lil' Dap (birth name James Heath) and Melachi the Nutcracker (birth name Jamal Felder). <P0-S1>  They came to prominence as members of the Gang Starr Foundation. <P0-S2>  Lil' Dap made his rhyming debut on Gang Starr's 1992 classic "Daily Operation" on the song "I'm the Man". <P0-S3>  Both members appeared on Gang Starr's critically acclaimed 1994 effort "Hard to Earn", on the tracks "Speak Ya Clout" and "Words from the Nutcracker". <P0-S4>  In 1995, the group released its debut album, "Livin' Proof". <P0-S5>  The album was very well received, mainly due to DJ Premier's advanced production work, described by "Allmusic" as "rhythmic masterpieces". <P0-S6>  A second album "A Tear for the Ghetto" was released in 1999, this time with only one track produced by DJ Premier. <SEP> <P1-S0>  Wilson is also a disc jockey (DJ), music arranger and rapper, having released an album in 1997, titled "Accept Your Own and Be Yourself (The Black Album)", under Relativity Records. <P1-S1>  He is perhaps best known for his early work with Chicago-based rapper Common. <P1-S2>  He has since become a heavily sought-out and high-profile producer, producing hit singles such as "Smile" by G-Unit, "Outta My System" and "Let Me Hold You" by Bow Wow, "Heartless" by Kanye West, "D.O.A." by Jay-Z and "My Last" by Big Sean. <P1-S3> Ernest Dion Wilson (born June 28, 1971), professionally known as No I.D. or Immenslope, is an American hip hop and R&B music producer from Chicago, Illinois. <SEP> <P2-S0> "Here I Go" was the only single released from the Infamous Syndicate's debut album, "Changing the Game". <P2-S1>  Produced by No I.D., "Here I Go" became a minor hit, making it to 63 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and 8 on the Hot Rap Singles. <SEP> <P3-S0> Stereolizza (before 2009 – Stereoliza), is an urban pop band, based in Los Angeles, California. <P3-S1>  The core of the group is "Lizza" (birth name – Kateryna Shalayeva) – lead singer and songwriter; and "AlecZero" (birth name - Oleksiy Ginchev) – songwriter, record producer, multi-instrumentalist.
Question: When was the English theoretical physicist died who's theory is Dirac hole?

<P0-S0> Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac {'1': ", '2': ", '3': ", '4': "} ( ; 8 August 1902 – 20 October 1984) was an English theoretical physicist who made fundamental contributions to the early development of both quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics. <P0-S1>  He was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge, a member of the Center for Theoretical Studies, University of Miami, and spent the last decade of his life at Florida State University. <SEP> <P1-S0>  The theory poses that the continuum of negative energy states, that are solutions to the Dirac equation, are filled with electrons, and the vacancies in this continuum (holes) are manifested as positrons with energy and momentum that are the negative of those of the state. <P1-S1>  The discovery of the positron in 1929 gave a considerable support to the Dirac hole theory. <P1-S2> Dirac hole theory is a theory in quantum mechanics, named after English theoretical physicist Paul Dirac. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Dirac sea is a theoretical model of the vacuum as an infinite sea of particles with negative energy. <P2-S1>  It was first postulated by the British physicist Paul Dirac in 1930 to explain the anomalous negative-energy quantum states predicted by the Dirac equation for relativistic electrons. <P2-S2>  The positron, the antimatter counterpart of the electron, was originally conceived of as a hole in the Dirac sea, well before its experimental discovery in 1932. <SEP> <P3-S0> Andrei Dmitriyevich Linde (Russian: Андре́й Дми́триевич Ли́нде ; born March 2, 1948) is a Russian-American theoretical physicist and the Harald Trap Friis Professor of Physics at Stanford University. <P3-S1>  Linde is one of the main authors of the inflationary universe theory, as well as the theory of eternal inflation and inflationary multiverse. <P3-S2>  He received his Bachelor of Science degree from Moscow State University. <P3-S3>  In 1975, Linde was awarded a Ph.D. from the Lebedev Physical Institute in Moscow. <P3-S4>  He worked at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research) since 1989 and moved to the USA in 1990 where he became Professor of Physics at Stanford University. <P3-S5>  Among the various awards he's received for his work on inflation, in 2002 he was awarded the Dirac Medal, along with Alan Guth of MIT and Paul Steinhardt of Princeton University. <P3-S6>  In 2004 he received, along with Alan Guth, the Gruber Prize in Cosmology for the development of inflationary cosmology. <P3-S7>  In 2012 he, along with Alan Guth, was an inaugural awardee of the Fundamental Physics Prize. <P3-S8>  In 2014 he received the Kavli Prize in Astrophysics “for pioneering the theory of cosmic inflation", together with Alan Guth and Alexei Starobinsky.
Question: Juan de Cáceres y Ulloa was an organist of this cathedral, which is the main catholic church in which city?

<P0-S0>  It is located in the city center, overlooking Plaza de Mayo, on the corner of San Martín and Rivadavia streets, in the San Nicolás neighbourhood. <P0-S1> The Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral (Spanish: Catedral Metropolitana de Buenos Aires ) is the main Catholic church in Buenos Aires, Argentina. <P0-S2>  It is the mother church of the Archdiocese of Buenos Aires and the primatial church of Argentina. <SEP> <P1-S0> The St. John the Baptist Cathedral (Spanish: "Catedral San Juan Bautista, Catedral Metropolitana de Iquitos" ) also called Iquitos Cathedral is the main Catholic church in neo-Gothic style in the city of Iquitos in Peru, with an important value in the historic center of the town. <P1-S1>  It is located specifically in Iquitos Center at the intersection of Arica and Putumayo streets, and is home of Bishop Miguel Olaortua Laspra. <SEP> <P2-S0> El Duende was a Dominican newspaper from Santo Domingo founded by José Núñez de Cáceres. <P2-S1>  It was the second Dominican paper. <P2-S2>  It printed its first issue just a few days after Núñez de Cáceres' second paper, El Telégrafo Continental de Santo Domingo, had appeared. <P2-S3>  Both papers were the result of an increasing politicization among the Dominican "criollos" in Santo Domingo, who were at the time under the Spanish colonial government. <P2-S4>  Political satire, opinions, and dialogue about the colony's relation with Spain were the main uses of this paper. <P2-S5>  Though it lasted for only four months, it left a precedent that inspired similar contributions later in the 19th century. <P2-S6>  Through it, Núñez de Cáceres developed himself as a fabulist, publishing stories he signed as "El Fabulista Principiante" (novice). <SEP> <P3-S0>  He was the first musician of the Río de la Plata, together with Juan Vizcaíno de Agüero. <P3-S1> Juan de Cáceres y Ulloa (1618–1682) was a Spanish nobleman, organist of Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral.
Question: Between Cheick Oumar Sissoko and John G. Blystone, who had more diverse job experiences?

<P0-S0> The Sky Hawk is a 1929 American pre-Code adventure film, produced and distributed by Fox Film Corporation and directed by John G. Blystone. <P0-S1>  The screenplay was adapted by Llewellen Hughes from his article "Chap Called Bardell" and novelized by Guy Fowler. <P0-S2>  The film stars John Garrick, Helen Chandler and Gilbert Emery. <SEP> <P1-S0>  He directed 100 films between 1915 and 1938. <P1-S1>  He was born in Rice Lake, Wisconsin and died in Los Angeles, California from a heart attack. <P1-S2> John G. Blystone (December 2, 1892 – August 6, 1938) was an American film director. <P1-S3>  His grave is located at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery. <SEP> <P2-S0> Balla Moussa Keïta (1934 – March 6, 2001) was a Malian actor and comedian, and a West African cinema pioneer who was well known in the West (especially France). <P2-S1>  Born in the Ségou Region of Mali, he was originally a radio producer. <P2-S2>  He later turned to acting and acted in a number of movies by notable Mali directors like Cheick Oumar Sissoko, Souleymane Cissé and Abdoulaye Ascofaré. <P2-S3>  Among his critically acclaimed roles are those of the tribal king "Rouma Boll" in "Yeelen" and as Mambi in "Guimba, un tyrant, une époque". <P2-S4>  He received the Best Male Interpretation award at the FESPACO for his role in the Guinean film "Séré, le témoin". <SEP> <P3-S0> Cheick Oumar Sissoko (born 1945 in San, Mali) is a Malian film director and politician.
Question: Ralph Elihu Becker, Sr., was an American Ambassador to Honduras from 1976–1977 under the Ford administration, and was a founding trustee of which performing arts center located on the Potomac River, adjacent to the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C.?

<P0-S0> East Potomac Park is a park located on a man-made island in the Potomac River in Washington, D.C., in the United States. <P0-S1>  The park lies southeast of the Jefferson Memorial and the 14th Street Bridge, and the Washington Channel lies between the park and the Potomac River. <P0-S2>  Amenities in East Potomac Park include the East Potomac Park Golf Course, a miniature golf course, a public swimming pool (the East Potomac Park Aquatic Center), tennis courts, and several athletic fields (some configured for baseball and softball, others for soccer, rugby, or American football). <P0-S3>  The park is a popular spot for fishermen, and cyclists, walkers, inline skaters, and runners heavily use the park's roads and paths. <P0-S4>  A portion of Ohio Drive SW runs along the perimeter of the park. <SEP> <P1-S0> The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts (formally called the John F. Kennedy Memorial Center for the Performing Arts, and commonly referred to as the Kennedy Center) is a performing arts center located on the Potomac River, adjacent to the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C. <P1-S1>  The Center, which opened September 8, 1971, is a multi-dimensional facility, and as memorial to John F. Kennedy and a cultural center, it produces a wide array of performances encompassing the genres of theater, dance, ballet, and orchestral, chamber, jazz, popular, and folk music, offers multi-media performances for adults and children, and is a nexus of arts education. <SEP> <P2-S0> Ralph Elihu Becker, Sr. (January 29, 1907 – August 24, 1994) was an American Ambassador to Honduras from 1976–1977 under the Ford administration. <P2-S1>  He was a founding trustee of the National Center for the Performing Arts and served as its general counsel during the Eisenhower administration and until 1976. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ralph Elihu Becker Jr. (born May 30, 1952) is an American politician and attorney who is the former Minority Leader of the Utah State House of Representatives and the 34th mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah.
Question: In what Authors tragedy is a leading character The wife of the play's tragic hero , and is acted by Marion Cotillard a 2015 British-French film tragedy?

<P0-S0> Lady Macbeth is a leading character in William Shakespeare's tragedy "Macbeth" (c.1603–1607). <P0-S1>  Later, however, she suffers pangs of guilt for her part in the crime, which drives her to sleepwalk. <P0-S2>  She dies off-stage in the last act, an apparent suicide. <P0-S3>  The wife of the play's tragic hero, Macbeth (a Scottish nobleman), Lady Macbeth goads her husband into committing regicide, after which she becomes queen of Scotland. <SEP> <P1-S0> Chloé is a 1996 French-Belgian TV drama film directed by Dennis Berry starring Marion Cotillard in the title role, a 16-year-old girl who is forced by her boyfriend to become a prostitute. <P1-S1>  The film features Édith Piaf's song ""La Vie en Rose"" performed by Louis Armstrong. <P1-S2>  Years later, Marion Cotillard won an Oscar for playing Piaf in the 2007 film "La Vie en Rose". <SEP> <P2-S0>  The film was directed by Justin Kurzel from a screenplay adapted by Jacob Koskoff, Todd Louiso, and Michael Lesslie. <P2-S1>  It stars Michael Fassbender in the title role and Marion Cotillard as Lady Macbeth. <P2-S2> Macbeth is a 2015 British-French film tragedy based on William Shakespeare's play of the same name. <SEP> <P3-S0> From the Land of the Moon (French: Mal de pierres ) is a 2016 French film written and directed by Nicole Garcia and starring Marion Cotillard. <P3-S1>  The film is adapted from From the Land of the Moon, the novel of the same name by Milena Agus. <P3-S2>  The film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival and received 8 nominations for the César Awards, including Best Film, Best Director for Nicole Garcia, and Best Actress for Marion Cotillard.
Question: Eileen Elizabeth Sheridan was known for her association with a firm headed by  English gangsters who were the foremost perpetrators of what in the East End of London?

<P0-S0>  With their gang, the Firm, the Krays were involved in armed robberies, arson, protection rackets, assaults and the murders of Jack "the Hat" McVitie and George Cornell. <P0-S1> Twin brothers Ronald "Ronnie" Kray (24 October 193317 March 1995) and Reginald "Reggie" Kray (24 October 19331 October 2000) were English gangsters who were the foremost perpetrators of organised crime in the East End of London during the 1950s and 1960s. <SEP> <P1-S0> Eileen Elizabeth Sheridan (born 1936) is a former British beauty pageant contestant who was also known for her association with the London underworld 'firm' headed by the Kray twins; notably attending the funeral of their elder brother, Charlie, in 2000. <P1-S1>  And also attended the funerals of Ron and Reg Kray. <SEP> <P2-S0> William "Billy" Charles Hill (13 December 1911 – 1 January 1984) was an English criminal, linked to smuggling, protection rackets, and extreme violence. <P2-S1>  He was one of the foremost perpetrators of organised crime in London from the 1920s through to the 1960s. <P2-S2>  He project managed cash robberies and, in a clever scam, defrauded London's High Society of millions at the card tables of John Aspinall's Clermont Club. <SEP> <P3-S0> Philip Stuart "Phil" Pickett is a double Ivor Novello Award-winning English composer, musician, vocal arranger, producer and artist manager. <P3-S1>  Born on 19 November 1946 in Munster Germany (B.A.O.R.) the only child of father Philip George Pickett, an RAF pilot officer killed in a flying accident in Rhodesia in 1950 and mother Eileen Elizabeth Pickett who died in Spain in 1993.
Question: Artist FYÜTCH changed his stage name from Future to avoid confusion with a rapper from which state?

<P0-S0> Colonel Necabettin Ergenekon (born 1926, in Erzurum) is a Turkish Army officer who retired in 1982, having been commander of the Turkish Gendarmerie in Adıyaman Province after the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. <P0-S1>  Born "Necabettin Baltacı", he changed his name "some time in the '60s" to avoid confusion with another person by the same name. <P0-S2>  At one time, Ergenekon was the commanding officer of Veli Küçük. <P0-S3>  Ergenekon was suspected by later-assassinated state prosecutor Cevat Yurdakul as being behind a string of mysterious deaths in the 70s, but no legal action was ever taken. <SEP> <P1-S0> Atlanta is the capital of and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia, with an estimated 2016 population of 472,522. <P1-S1>  Atlanta is the cultural and economic center of the Atlanta metropolitan area, home to 5,710,795 people and the ninth-largest metropolitan area in the United States. <P1-S2>  Atlanta is the county seat of Fulton County, and a small portion of the city extends eastward into DeKalb County. <SEP> <P2-S0> Harold Michael Simmons II (born September 17, 1988), better known by his stage name FYÜTCH (also spelled FYUTCH) (formerly known as Future and Mr. Flattop), is an American rapper, singer-songwriter, and record producer, best known for his songs "Ballin'" and "I Walk The Line Remix" with Wick-it the Instigator. <P2-S1>  He changed his artist name from Future to FYÜTCH to avoid confusion with Atlanta rapper Future. <SEP> <P3-S0> Rail was an Australian band from Melbourne in the mid 1990s. <P3-S1>  The members were Dan Vertessy (vox & guitar), Dave Sayer (bass & vox), Ian Williams (drums & vox), Ash Naylor (guitar & vox). <P3-S2>  Vertessy and Williams played together in The Wick Effect from 1990-1992. <P3-S3>  They were originally named Sleeper and a self-titled EP was released in the early '90s. <P3-S4>  Triple J picked up the track "Spinning Ball" from the Sleeper EP which was also included on their debut album. <P3-S5>  They changed their name to Fragment to avoid confusion with a UK band. <P3-S6>  As Fragment they recorded a single track for Roo Art's "Young Blood" compilation before settling on the name Rail. <P3-S7>  They signed to Mushroom Records' White Label in 1994 and released two albums. <P3-S8>  Their debut album was titled "Bad Hair Life" and was critically acclaimed. <P3-S9>  It contained the single "Immune Deficiency" which received a lot of radio and TV airplay on the ABC, specifically Triple J. <P3-S10>  Rail were nominated for "Best New Talent" & "Breakthrough Artist" at The 1996 ARIA Awards.
Question: Taehoon Oh is a lead artist and was one of the pioneer developers of a game that began on which console ?

<P0-S0> Call of Duty is a first-person shooter video game franchise. <P0-S1>  Several spin-off games have been released. <P0-S2>  The earlier games in the series are set primarily in World War II, but later games like "" are set in modern times or in futuristic settings. <P0-S3>  The most recently announced game, "", will be released on November 3, 2017 and return the series to its mid-20th century roots. <P0-S4>  The series began on Microsoft Windows, and later expanded to consoles and handhelds. <SEP> <P1-S0> American actor/rapper Will Smith has released four studio albums, one compilation album, 17 singles (12 as lead artist and five as featured artist), one video album and 20 music videos (14 as lead artist, three as featured artist and three guest appearances). <P1-S1>  After working in the late 1980s and early 1990s with Jeff Townes as DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince, Smith began his solo career in 1997 with the release of "Men in Black", the theme song for the film of the same name, which topped singles charts in several regions across the world, including the UK. <P1-S2>  "Men in Black" (and second single "Just Cruisin'") was later included on Smith's debut solo album "Big Willie Style", which reached the top ten of the US "Billboard" 200 and was certified nine times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). <P1-S3>  The third single from the album, "Gettin' Jiggy wit It", became Smith's first "Billboard" Hot 100 number one when it was released in 1998. <SEP> <P2-S0> Taehoon Oh (born March 19, 1975) is a computer graphic specialist, game designer and developer. <P2-S1>  He is a co-founder and COO at Studio Roqovan, formerly known as Reload Studios. <P2-S2>  He was a lead artist and was one of the pioneer developers of the Call of Duty game franchise. <P2-S3>  He is also one of the co-founders of the non-gaming virtual reality subdivision of Studio Roqovan called Rascali, launched in September 2015. <SEP> <P3-S0> John Taylor Gildred (born August 23, 1970) is an American entrepreneur and business executive known for his work in consumer electronics and online media technology. <P3-S1>  Gildred originally established his reputation in 1994 at OpenSoft, an Internet communications software company. <P3-S2>  Later in 1999, Gildred became well known as the founder of Indrema, a consumer electronics company which developed, but ultimately never released, a highly anticipated Linux-based game console for independent game developers. <P3-S3>  Gildred cited a receding market for venture capital in 2001 as a primary factor in the decision to cancel mass production of the game system. <P3-S4>  After Indrema, Gildred joined Pioneer Electronics to head product development for digital television and Blu-ray as well as Pioneer's Advanced Technology Group. <P3-S5>  While at Pioneer, he formed a subsidiary named SyncTV, a multi-CE company initiative to provide over-the-top television service to all TV manufacturers. <P3-S6>  In 2009 SyncTV was sold to Intertrust Technologies.
Question: What is the informal name of the British soap opera created by Granada Television that Jon Rollason has appeared in episodes of?

<P0-S0> The Practice was a 1985 British television soap opera produced for ITV by Granada Television, which aired for two series in 1985 and 1986. <P0-S1>  The series was first introduced as a twice-weekly medical drama in January 1985, becoming Granada's second regular networked soap opera along with "Coronation Street", with the idea being that its hard-hitting storylines would be a competitor with the BBC's "EastEnders" which started airing the following month. <P0-S2>  The Practice was set in a GP's surgery in the fictional Manchester suburb of Castlehulme and had an initial run of 34 episodes airing for 30 minutes in an early evening slot on Friday and Sunday evenings throughout the Winter and Spring of 1985. <P0-S3>  However, the series did not perform as well as had been hoped and it disappeared from screens in May 1985. <P0-S4>  It returned for a second run of 13 one-hour episodes between May and August 1986, this time airing in a 9pm slot on Friday evenings. <P0-S5>  After series two ended no further episodes were made. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Koreanosaurus" (meaning "Korean lizard") is the informal name given to an as-yet undescribed genus of dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous. <P1-S1>  It was a possible dromaeosaur (or similar theropod) which lived in what is now Korea, although at times it has been referred to the Tyrannosauridae and Hypsilophodontidae. <P1-S2>  Based solely on a femur, the type species was coined by Kim in 1979, who by 1993 had decided that it was a species of "Deinonychus", and created the informal name "D." "koreanensis". <P1-S3>  It is probably the same as "Koreasaurus", another informal name for a possible Korean dromaeosaurid. <SEP> <P2-S0> Coronation Street (informally known as Corrie) is a British soap opera created by Granada Television and shown on ITV since 9 December 1960. <P2-S1>  The programme centres on Coronation Street in Weatherfield, a fictional town based on inner-city Salford, its terraced houses, café, corner shop, newsagents, building yard, taxicab office, salon, restaurant, textile factory and the Rovers Return pub. <P2-S2>  In the show's fictional history, the street was built in 1902 and named in honour of the coronation of King Edward VII. <SEP> <P3-S0> Jon Rollason (9 April 1931 – 20 February 2016) was an English television actor. <P3-S1>  He is best remembered for the role of Dr. Martin King in "The Avengers". <P3-S2>  He also appeared in episodes of "Doctor Who", "Z-Cars", "Coronation Street", "Crossroads" in 1973 and "Softly, Softly". <P3-S3>  He also wrote the scripts for episodes of the soap opera "Crossroads".
Question: Akira Kurosawa and Alan Alda, have which occupation in common?

<P0-S0> Dreams (夢 , Yume , aka Akira Kurosawa's Dreams) is a 1990 Japanese-American magical realism film of eight vignettes written and directed by Akira Kurosawa. <P0-S1>  It was inspired by actual dreams that Kurosawa claimed to have had repeatedly. <P0-S2>  It was his first film in 45 years on which he was the sole author of the screenplay. <P0-S3>  It was made five years after "Ran", with assistance from George Lucas, Francis Ford Coppola, and Steven Spielberg, and funded by Warner Bros. The film was screened out of competition at the 1990 Cannes Film Festival, and to this day has received positive reviews. <SEP> <P1-S0>  A seven-time Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award winner, he is widely known for his roles as Captain Hawkeye Pierce in the TV series "M*A*S*H" (1972–1983), hosting of "Scientific American Frontiers", and as Arnold Vinick in "The West Wing" (2004–2006). <P1-S1> Alan Alda ( ; born Alphonso Joseph D'Abruzzo; January 28, 1936) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, and author. <P1-S2>  He has also appeared in many feature films, most notably in "Crimes and Misdemeanors" (1989), as pretentious television producer Lester, and "The Aviator" (2004) as U.S. Senator Owen Brewster, the latter of which saw Alda nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Akira Kurosawa Memorial Short Film Competition is a major international short film awards ceremony, run by the Akira Kurosawa Foundation. <P2-S1>  Since the inaugural 2004-2005 competition, the Grand Prix and numerous other prizes have been awarded on an annual basis. <SEP> <P3-S0> Akira Kurosawa (黒沢 明 , March 23, 1910 – September 6, 1998) was a Japanese film director and screenwriter. <P3-S1>  Regarded as one of the most important and influential filmmakers in the history of cinema, he directed 30 films in a career spanning 57 years.
Question: Tom Baehr-Jones the physicist who had his findings published in Nature Materials, was launched in what year?

<P0-S0>  His findings have been published in "Nature", "Nature Photonics", "Nature Materials", the "IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology", and "Optics Express", among many others. <P0-S1> Tom Baehr-Jones (born January 15, 1980 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American physicist who has made contributions in the field of Nanophotonics. <P0-S2>  Baehr-Jones is a co-founder of Luxtera, Inc. <P0-S3>  He is currently at the University of Washington in Prof. Michael Hochberg's group. <SEP> <P1-S0> Robert P. Behringer (born October 26, 1948) is an American physicist based at Duke University, whose research first dealt with Critical phenomena and transport properties in fluid helium, such as Rayleigh-Bénard convection, and since 1986 has been involved with granular material, where his most notable achievements have been in the development of the technique of photoelasticity to study spatio-temporal fluctuations. <P1-S1>  This enabled him to extract vector forces from images of photo-elastic disks, which are models for granular materials. <P1-S2>  His research demonstrated the strongly fluctuating nature of granular flows. <P1-S3>  Another aspect of his research has involved the concept of jamming in granular materials. <SEP> <P2-S0> Transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) is a safe and inexpensive way to examine the esophagus in patients at risk for esophageal cancer and other disorders. <P2-S1>  TNE doesn’t require sedation, unlike other techniques widely used to look into the esophagus. <P2-S2>  This is possible because TNE uses a camera that is passed through the nose, whereas other techniques, such as upper endoscopy, are performed through the mouth, requiring a patient to be sedated. <P2-S3>  TNE, as it is used today, was developed by Jonathan E. Aviv who published his findings on the first series of TNE that he performed. <P2-S4>  The origins of the idea to pass the camera through the nose date from 1993 as first described by C. A. Prescott, MD, a pediatrician otolaryngologist in Cape Town, South Africa and further embellished by Reza Shaker, MD, a gastroenterologist in Milwaukee, WI in 1994. <P2-S5>  However, it wasn't until the year 2000 when Jonathan E. Aviv, MD, published his findings on the first series of TNE he performed, that it began to have a widespread attention by ear, nose, and throat doctors. <P2-S6>  Since that time it has been used by both otolaryngologists and gastroenterologists as a diagnostic tool to detect globus, dysphagia, laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR), gastroesophageal reﬂux disease (GERD). <P2-S7>  TNE may also be useful in detecting Barrett's, but there is incongruence between TNE findings and biopsy results. <P2-S8>  Experts in the field suggest that TNE may replace radiographic imaging of the esophagus in otolaryngology patients with reflux, globus, and dysphagia. <SEP> <P3-S0> Nature Materials, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Publishing Group. <P3-S1>  Vincent Dusastre is the launching and current chief editor. <P3-S2>  It was launched in September 2002.
Question: Croton is an extensive flowering plant genus in the spurge family, what family does Aristotelia a genus with 18 species, of tree belong to?

<P0-S0> Euphorbia mellifera (canary spurge, honey spurge) is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae, native to Madeira and the Canary islands. <P0-S1>  It is an evergreen shrub growing to 2 m or more, with narrow leaves up to 20 cm long. <P0-S2>  In spring it produces brown, honey-scented flowers. <SEP> <P1-S0> Croton nepetifolius (Croton nepetaefolius) is an aromatic species of flowering plant in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, that is native to northeastern Brazil. <P1-S1>  It is commonly known as "marmeleiro vermelh" (red quince). <P1-S2>  The plant has been used in folk medicine as a sedative, an orexigenic (appetite enhancer) and an antispasmodic (muscle contaction suppressor). <SEP> <P2-S0>  It is named in honor of the Greek philosopher Aristoteles. <P2-S1> Aristotelia is a genus with 18 species, of tree in the family Elaeocarpaceae. <SEP> <P3-S0>  The plants of this genus were described and introduced to Europeans by Georg Eberhard Rumphius. <P3-S1>  The common names for this genus are rushfoil and croton, but the latter also refers to "Codiaeum variegatum". <P3-S2>  The generic name comes from the Greek κρότος ("krótos "), which means "tick" and refers to the shape of the seeds of certain species. <P3-S3> Croton is an extensive flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae.
Question: What is the name of the railway station at the end of Bardney line along with the Hallington railway station?

<P0-S0> Matale Railway Station is the terminus railway station on the Matale railway line of Sri Lanka. <P0-S1>  It is the 65th railway station on the line from Colombo Fort railway station and is located in the Matale District in the Central Province. <P0-S2>  It is 148.6 km from the Colombo Fort Railway Station and 27.64 km from the Kandy Railway Station. <P0-S3> it's the end of railway line, because of water flowing beneath the ground, railway lines cannot be constructed beyond matale. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It served as a junction for several different now closed lines which converged on the town. <P1-S1> Louth railway station was a station in Louth, Lincolnshire, England. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Great Northern Railway planned and built a branch line from Bardney to Louth in stages, the final stage between Donington on Bain and Louth opening to goods on 28 June 1876 and passengers on 1 December 1876. <P2-S1>  Hallington railway station was the first station west of Louth on this line. <SEP> <P3-S0> Ravenglass Heritage Railway Station is the Western terminus of the Ravenglass and Eskdale Railway. <P3-S1>  It is situated to the east of main line railway station, which is itself a station on the Cumbrian Coast Line. <P3-S2>  The facilities at the railway station include toilets, under-cover platforms, booking office and café. <P3-S3>  The railway station complex incorporates 2 locomotive sheds, a carriage shed, a signal box, managerial offices and 2 camping coaches; along with the railway station itself.
Question: Volvo Scalable Product Architecture platform is a platform that was used for the second generation of what crossover SUV, marketed since 2002?

<P0-S0> The Volvo Scalable Product Architecture (SPA) platform is a global full-size unibody automobile platform developed and manufactured by Volvo Cars. <P0-S1>  It debuted in 2014 when the second-generation Volvo XC90 was released. <SEP> <P1-S0> crossover SUV manufactured and marketed by Swedish manufacturer Volvo Cars since 2008 and is now in its second generation. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Volvo XC90 is a luxury crossover SUV manufactured and marketed by Volvo Cars since 2002 and now in its second generation. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Kia Kue was originally unveiled as a concept crossover SUV during the 2007 North American International Auto Show in Detroit. <P3-S1>  It is similar in design to the Hyundai Santa Fe platform, and it may also share the same platform used by the Hyundai Santa Fe and Veracruz in that it, like the Santa Fe, it is a crossover SUV. <P3-S2>  The concept vehicle seated five passengers.
Question: Are Arnica and Nothoscordum both from the sunflower family?

<P0-S0> Arnica latifolia is a species of arnica in the sunflower family, known by the common names broadleaf arnica, broad leaved arnica, mountain arnica, and daffodil leopardbane. <P0-S1>  It is native to western North America from Alaska east to Northwest Territories and south to Mono County, California and Taos County, New Mexico. <P0-S2>  It grows in mountain habitat such as forest and meadows. <SEP> <P1-S0>  It is probably paraphyletic. <P1-S1> Nothoscordum is a genus of New World plants in the onion tribe within the Amaryllis family. <P1-S2>  The genus is native to North and South America, though a few species have become naturalized in various parts of the Old World. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The genus name "Arnica" may be derived from the Greek "arni", "lamb", in reference to the plants' soft, hairy leaves. <P2-S1> Arnica is a genus of perennial, herbaceous plants in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). <P2-S2>  "Arnica" is also known by the names "Mountain Tobacco" and, confusingly, "Leopard's bane" and "Wolfsbane"—two names that it shares with the entirely unrelated genus "Aconitum". <SEP> <P3-S0> Arnica mollis is a North American species of arnica in the sunflower family, known by the common name soft arnica, or hairy arnica. <P3-S1>  It is native to Canada (British Columbia, Alberta, Quebec, and all 3 Arctic territories) and the United States (Alaska and the western mountains as far south as San Bernardino County, California and Rio Arriba County, New Mexico. <P3-S2>  There are also isolated populations in the White Mountains of Coos County, New Hampshire. <P3-S3>  The species grows in subalpine mountain habitat such as meadows and streambanks.
Question: In which city is the Science Fiction Studies journal published?

<P0-S0> Marleen Barr teaches communication and media studies at Fordham University, New York City. <P0-S1>  She is notable for her significant contributions to science fiction studies, for which she won a Pilgrim Award from the Science Fiction Research Association in 1997. <P0-S2>  Her primary contributions have been her foundational work in the field of feminist science fiction criticism; her 1981 anthology "Future Females: A Critical Anthology" "served as an introduction and eye-opener to the field of Feminist Science Fiction." <SEP> <P1-S0>  The journal is published three times per year at DePauw University. <P1-S1> Science Fiction Studies (SFS) is an academic journal founded in 1973 by R.D. Mullen. <P1-S2>  As the name implies, the journal publishes articles and book reviews on science fiction, but also occasionally on fantasy and horror when the topic also covers some aspect of science fiction as well. <P1-S3>  Known as one of the major academic publications of its type, "Science Fiction Studies" is considered the most "theoretical" of the academic journals that publish on science fiction. <SEP> <P2-S0> Foundation: The International Review of Science Fiction is a critical peer-reviewed literary magazine established in 1972 that publishes articles and reviews about science fiction. <P2-S1>  It is published triannually (spring, summer, and winter) by the Science Fiction Foundation. <P2-S2>  "Worlds Without End" called it "the essential critical review of science fiction", whilst "The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction" has called it "perhaps the liveliest and indeed the most critical of the big three critical journals" (the others being Extrapolation (journal) and Science Fiction Studies). <P2-S3>  A long-running feature was the series of interviews and autobiographical pieces with leading writers, entitled "The Profession of Science Fiction", a selection of which was edited and published by Macmillan Publishers in 1992. <P2-S4>  Several issues have been themed, including #93 ("A Celebration of British Science Fiction", 2005), published also as part of the Foundation Studies in Science Fiction. <P2-S5>  The hundredth edition (Summer 2007) was unusual in that it was an all-fiction issue, including stories by such writers as Vandana Singh, Tricia Sullivan, Karen Traviss, Jon Courtenay Grimwood, John Kessel, Nalo Hopkinson, Greg Egan, and Una McCormack. <P2-S6>  Back issues of the journal are archived at the University of Liverpool's SF Hub whilst more recent issues can be found electronically via the database providers ProQuest. <SEP> <P3-S0> DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana, is a private liberal arts college with an enrollment of approximately 2,300 students. <P3-S1>  The school has a Methodist heritage and was originally known as Indiana Asbury University. <P3-S2>  DePauw is a member of both the Great Lakes Colleges Association and the North Coast Athletic Conference. <P3-S3>  The Society of Professional Journalists was founded at DePauw.
Question: What American fantasy artist illustrated a cover for "Chicks in Chainmail"?

<P0-S0> Jody A. Lee is a professional fantasy artist from San Francisco known best for her book cover illustrations. <P0-S1>  Authors she has worked with include Mercedes Lackey, Mickey Zucker Reichert, Lloyd Alexander, Madeleine L'Engle, and many others. <P0-S2>  She also painted role-playing games' covers such as "RuneQuest" (third edition, 1984) and "Pendragon" (first edition, 1985). <P0-S3>  She illustrated the 1991 and 1996 book covers for "A Wrinkle in Time", as published by Dell Yearling. <SEP> <P1-S0> Don Ivan Punchatz (September 8, 1936 – October 22, 2009) was a science fiction and fantasy artist who drew illustrations for numerous books and publications, including magazines such as "Heavy Metal", "National Geographic", "Playboy", and "Time". <P1-S1>  He illustrated album covers, and provided the cover art for session guitarist Steve Hunter's debut solo album, "Swept Away". <SEP> <P2-S0>  His list of work includes illustrations for "Dungeons & Dragons", "Dragonlance", and his own comic strip series "SnarfQuest". <P2-S1> Larry Elmore (born August 5, 1948) is an American fantasy artist whose work includes creating illustrations for video games, comics, magazines, and fantasy books. <P2-S2>  He is author of the book "Reflections of Myth". <SEP> <P3-S0>  It consists of works featuring female protagonists mostly written by female authors. <P3-S1> Chicks in Chainmail is an anthology of fantasy stories, edited by Esther M. Friesner, with a cover by Larry Elmore. <P3-S2>  It was first published in paperback by Baen Books in September 1995, with a hardcover edition following from Baen in conjunction with the Science Fiction Book Club in January 1996. <P3-S3>  It was the first of a number of similarly themed anthologies edited by Friesner.
Question: Who portrays James Gordon in the Gotham episode, Rise of the Villains: Knock, Knock?

<P0-S0>  The episode was written by Ken Woodruff and directed by Rob Bailey. <P0-S1> "Rise of the Villains: Knock, Knock" is the second episode of the second season and 24th episode overall from the FOX series "Gotham". <P0-S2>  It was first broadcast in September 28, 2015 in FOX. <P0-S3>  In this episode, Gordon is assigned in investigating the Arkham escapees, now calling themselves "the Maniax". <P0-S4>  Meanwhile, Bruce is getting closer to the truth about his father's office. <SEP> <P1-S0> "Rise of the Villains: Worse Than a Crime" is the eleventh episode of the second season, 33rd episode overall and the mid-season finale from the FOX series "Gotham". <P1-S1>  This episode is also the last episode to use the subtitle "Rise of the Villains". <P1-S2>  The episode was written by series developer Bruno Heller and directed by Jeffrey Hunt. <P1-S3>  It was first broadcast in November 30, 2015 in FOX. <P1-S4>  In the episode, Gordon has his final showdown against Galavan, who has kidnapped Bruce to end the legacy of his family. <SEP> <P2-S0> Gotham is an American crime drama television series developed by Bruno Heller, based on characters published by DC Comics and appearing in the Batman franchise, primarily those of James Gordon and Bruce Wayne. <P2-S1>  The series stars Ben McKenzie as the young Gordon, while Heller executive-produces, along with Danny Cannon, who also directed the pilot. <SEP> <P3-S0> "Knock Knock" is the fourth episode of the tenth series of the British science fiction television series "Doctor Who". <P3-S1>  It is written by Mike Bartlett and was broadcast on 6 May 2017 on BBC One. <P3-S2>  "Knock Knock" received mixed reviews from critics, receiving criticism regarding the strength of the writing, but praise on the quality of the performances in the story, particularly Suchet's.
Question: What American actor was in both "Touched by an Angel" and "Jack's Place"?

<P0-S0> John Carroll Dye (January 31, 1963 – January 10, 2011) was an American film and television actor known for his role as Andrew in the religious television drama series "Touched by an Angel". <SEP> <P1-S0> John Cate & The van Gogh Brothers and its offshoot, Voices of van Gogh, are an Americana band based in Boston, Massachusetts and Los Angeles, CA. <P1-S1>  They are also known for providing soundtrack music for television series and films including "American Idol", "NCIS", "NUMB3RS", "Touched by an Angel", "Melrose Place" and "Dawson’s Creek", among others. <SEP> <P2-S0>  The waitress, Chelsea, was played by Finola Hughes and the bartender Greg was played by John Dye. <P2-S1> Jack's Place is an American drama series that aired from May 26, 1992 to July 13, 1993 on ABC. <P2-S2>  The series was about a retired jazz musician named Jack Evans (Hal Linden) who runs a restaurant where romances tend to start. <SEP> <P3-S0> Curt Doussett is an American actor who is the host of the Discovery Channel's "Hazard Pay" and owner of ComedySportz Utah. <P3-S1>  Curt grew up in San Bernardino, CA. <P3-S2>  He attended both Cal State University at San Bernardino before transferring to Brigham Young University. <P3-S3>  Curt studied music composition and theory at Brigham Young University before getting into acting as a regular performer at Orem's Hale Center Theater. <P3-S4>  He has been in over 60 theatrical productions and has made several appearances on television. <P3-S5>  His credits include "Everwood", "Touched by an Angel", "NCIS", "Dumb & Dumber", and parts in several Disney films.
Question: What is the name of the American Christian Melodic Death Metal Band from Grand Traverse County?

<P0-S0> Traverse City ( or ) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. <P0-S1>  It is the largest city in the 21-county Northern Michigan region. <P0-S2>  It is the county seat of Grand Traverse County, although a small portion extends into Leelanau County. <P0-S3>  The population was 14,674 at the 2010 census, with 143,372 in the Traverse City micropolitan area. <SEP> <P1-S0> Swedish death metal is a death metal music scene developed in Sweden. <P1-S1>  Many Swedish death metal bands are associated with the melodic death metal movement, thus giving Swedish death metal a different sound from other variations of death metal. <P1-S2>  Unlike American death metal groups, the first Swedish bands were rooted in punk rock. <P1-S3>  Although Norway is known for its quantity of black metal, Gothenburg in Sweden has a large melodic death metal scene, while Stockholm is known for its more raw death metal scene. <SEP> <P2-S0> Union Township is a civil township of Grand Traverse County in the U.S. state of Michigan. <P2-S1>  The population was 405 at the 2010 census, slightly down from 417 at the 2000 census. <P2-S2>  Union Township was the only municipality in Grand Traverse County to see a population decrease between 2000 and 2010. <SEP> <P3-S0> Feast Eternal is an American Christian Melodic Death Metal band from Traverse City, Michigan. <P3-S1>  The band was originally formed in 1992. <P3-S2>  The band has released two full length studio albums and one EP to date. <P3-S3>  In 2006 Feast Eternal re-released their 1999, Prisons of Flesh, with 2 new bonus tracks. <P3-S4>  Their last release was a 4 song EP, Forward Through Blood, in 2013 which received a rating of 8.5 from the website PowerMetal.de (2014)
Question: Which biography written by Philip Carlo is based on an American contract killer and serial killer convicted of murdering five people?

<P0-S0>  He was associated with members of the American Mafia, namely the DeCavalcante crime family of Newark, New Jersey, and the Five Families of New York City. <P0-S1> Richard Leonard Kuklinski (April 11, 1935 – March 5, 2006) was an American contract killer and serial killer who was convicted of murdering five people, though he likely killed at least several dozen more. <SEP> <P1-S0> Philip Carlo (April 18, 1949 – November 8, 2010) was a journalist and best selling biographer of Thomas Pitera, Richard Kuklinski, Anthony Casso, and Richard Ramirez. <P1-S1>  Carlo suffered from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as "Lou Gehrig's Disease". <P1-S2>  He was bound to a wheelchair and respirator, but retained his ability to speak normally during his lifetime. <P1-S3>  He died of the disease on November 8, 2010 at age 61. <SEP> <P2-S0> Stephen Oladimeji K. Akinmurele (16 March 1978 – 28 August 1999) was a British suspected serial killer who was charged with murdering five elderly people between 1995 and 1998. <P2-S1>  Akinmurele confessed to a number of the murders but committed suicide before his trial. <P2-S2>  Police believe he may have also been responsible for two further killings. <P2-S3>  The case is noted for Akinmurele's long-standing hatred of elderly people. <SEP> <P3-S0> Cody Alan Legebekoff (born  1990 ) is a Canadian serial killer convicted in 2014 by the British Columbia Supreme Court of murdering three women and a teenage girl, between 2009 and 2010, in or near the City of Prince George, British Columbia. <P3-S1>  This trial of one of Canada's youngest serial killers drew national attention.
Question: Foot Locker Cross Country Championships was originally named after a shoe manufacture with what NYSE symbol?

<P0-S0> The Foot Locker Cross Country Championships are a series of annual cross country running races held in various regions of the United States to determine the premier cross country runner in various age groups, but mainly serves to find the best prep (high school) cross country athlete in the country. <P0-S1>  For most people associated with the sport, the name is just shortened to Foot Locker or even abbreviated in agate results as FL (the ticker symbol of the company today). <P0-S2>  The event is the longest-running national cross country race for high school students. <P0-S3>  The event began in 1979 by the F. W. Woolworth Company, which initially branded it as the Kinney Cross Country Championships, (for the Kinney Shoes division) in Balboa Park, San Diego, California before Woolworth rebranded the event in 1993 to its present title, the Foot Locker Cross Country Championships, as it still is today, for Woolworth's sporting goods company. <SEP> <P1-S0> The G.R. Kinney Company was an American manufacturer and retailer of shoes from 1894 until September 16, 1998. <P1-S1>  Its listing on the New York Stock Exchange, symbol KNN, began in March 1923. <P1-S2>  The shoe concern was started by <SEP> <P2-S0> Lucien Rault (borm March 30, 1936 in Plouguenast) is a French long-distance runner. <P2-S1>  He represented France in the 1976 Olympics at the age of 40. <P2-S2>  He had an extensive career in cross country running with his national squad at the International Cross Country Championships and then the IAAF World Cross Country Championships. <P2-S3>  Five days before his 42nd birthday, he was the #2 runner on the French World Championship team at the 1978 IAAF World Cross Country Championships, his first world championship. <SEP> <P3-S0> The 2009 Foot Locker Cross Country Championships were held in San Diego, California on December 12, 2009. <P3-S1>  It was the twentieth edition of the championships, held in Balboa Park for the eighth straight year.