Question: Who is the mother of the empire of Galen's country of citizenship during its greatest extent?

<P0-S0> Marcus Ulpius Traianus was born on 18 September 53AD in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica (in what is now Andalusia in modern Spain), in the city of Italica (now in the municipal area of Santiponce, in the outskirts of Seville). <P0-S1> Trajan's birthplace of Italica was founded as a Roman military colony of "Italian" settlers in 206BC, though it is unknown when the Ulpii arrived there. <P0-S2> It is possible, but cannot be substantiated, that Trajan's ancestors married local women and lost their citizenship at some point, but they certainly recovered their status when the city became a municipium with Latin citizenship in the mid-1st century BC. <P0-S3> Although frequently designated the first provincial emperor, and dismissed by later writers such as Cassius Dio (himself of provincial origin) as "an Iberian, and neither an Italian nor even an Italiot", Trajan appears to have hailed on his father's side from the area of Tuder (modern Todi) in Umbria, at the border with Etruria, and on his mother's side from the Gens Marcia, of an Italic family of Sabine origin. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Antonine Plague of 165 to 180 AD, also known as the Plague of Galen (from the name of the Greek physician living in the Roman Empire who described it), was an ancient pandemic brought back to the Roman Empire by troops returning from campaigns in the Near East. <P1-S1> Scholars have suspected it to have been either smallpox or measles, but the true cause remains undetermined. <P1-S2> The epidemic may have claimed the life of a Roman emperor, Lucius Verus, who died in 169 and was the co-regent of Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, whose family name, Antoninus, has become associated with the epidemic. <P1-S3> The disease broke out again nine years later, according to the Roman historian Dio Cassius (155–235), causing up to 2,000 deaths a day in Rome, one quarter of those who were affected, giving the disease a mortality rate of about 25%. <P1-S4> The total deaths have been estimated at five million, and the disease killed as much as one-third of the population in some areas and devastated the Roman army. <SEP> <P2-S0> The imperial period of Rome lasted approximately 1,500 years compared to the 500 years of the Republican era. <P2-S1> The first two centuries of the empire's existence were a period of unprecedented political stability and prosperity known as the Pax Romana, or ``Roman Peace ''. <P2-S2> Following Octavian's victory, the size of the empire was dramatically increased. <P2-S3> The empire reached its greatest extent under Trajan, the second in this line. <P2-S4> After the assassination of Caligula in AD 41, the Senate briefly considered restoring the republic, but the Praetorian Guard proclaimed Claudius emperor instead. <P2-S5> Under Claudius, the empire invaded Britannia, its first major expansion since Augustus. <P2-S6> After Claudius' successor, Nero, committed suicide in AD 68, the empire suffered a series of brief civil wars, as well as a concurrent major rebellion in Judea, during which four different legionary generals were proclaimed emperor. <P2-S7> Vespasian emerged triumphant in AD 69, establishing the Flavian dynasty, before being succeeded by his son Titus, who opened the Colosseum shortly after the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. <P2-S8> His short reign was followed by the long reign of his brother Domitian, who was eventually assassinated. <P2-S9> The Senate then appointed the first of the Five Good Emperors. <SEP> <P3-S0> in 1729, nader shah, a chieftain and military genius from khorasan, successfully drove out and conquered the pashtun invaders. <P3-S1> he subsequently took back the annexed caucasian territories which were divided among the ottoman and russian authorities by the ongoing chaos in iran. <P3-S2> during the reign of nader shah, iran reached its greatest extent since the sassanid empire, reestablishing the iranian hegemony all over the caucasus, as well as other major parts of the west and central asia, and briefly possessing what was arguably the most powerful empire at the time. <SEP> <P4-S0> the rohingya people have consistently faced human rights abuses by the burmese regime that has refused to acknowledge them as burmese citizens (despite some of them having lived in burma for over three generations)—the rohingya have been denied burmese citizenship since the enactment of a 1982 citizenship law. <P4-S1> the law created three categories of citizenship: citizenship, associate citizenship, and naturalised citizenship. <P4-S2> citizenship is given to those who belong to one of the national races such as kachin, kayah (karenni), karen, chin, burman, mon, rakhine, shan, kaman, or zerbadee. <P4-S3> associate citizenship is given to those who cannot prove their ancestors settled in myanmar before 1823, but can prove they have one grandparent, or pre-1823 ancestor, who was a citizen of another country, as well as people who applied for citizenship in 1948 and qualified then by those laws. <P4-S4> naturalized citizenship is only given to those who have at least one parent with one of these types of burmese citizenship or can provide "conclusive evidence" that their parents entered and resided in burma prior to independence in 1948. the burmese regime has attempted to forcibly expel rohingya and bring in non-rohingyas to replace them—this policy has resulted in the expulsion of approximately half of the 800,000 rohingya from burma, while the rohingya people have been described as "among the world's least wanted" and "one of the world's most persecuted minorities." <P4-S5> but the origin of ‘most persecuted minority’ statement is unclear.