Question: By what name is brahmaputra known in Bangladesh and the country that, during Yuan, had a lot of contacts with the country pugs come from?

<P0-S0> The late Turrell V. Wylie, a former professor of the University of Washington, and Li Tieh-tseng argue that the reliability of the heavily censored History of Ming as a credible source on Sino-Tibetan relations is questionable, in the light of modern scholarship. <P0-S1> Other historians also assert that these Ming titles were nominal and did not actually confer the authority that the earlier Yuan titles had. <P0-S2> Van Praag writes that the "numerous economically motivated Tibetan missions to the Ming Court are referred to as 'tributary missions' in the Ming Shih." <P0-S3> Van Praag writes that these "tributary missions" were simply prompted by China's need for horses from Tibet, since a viable horse market in Mongol lands was closed as a result of incessant conflict. <P0-S4> Morris Rossabi also writes that "Tibet, which had extensive contacts with China during the Yuan, scarcely had diplomatic relations with the Ming." <SEP> <P1-S0> there were many religions practiced during the yuan dynasty, such as buddhism, islam, and christianity. <P1-S1> the establishment of the yuan dynasty had dramatically increased the number of muslims in china. <P1-S2> however, unlike the western khanates, the yuan dynasty never converted to islam. <P1-S3> instead, kublai khan, the founder of the yuan dynasty, favored buddhism, especially the tibetan variants. <P1-S4> as a result, tibetan buddhism was established as the de facto state religion. <P1-S5> the top-level department and government agency known as the bureau of buddhist and tibetan affairs (xuanzheng yuan) was set up in khanbaliq (modern beijing) to supervise buddhist monks throughout the empire. <P1-S6> since kublai khan only esteemed the sakya sect of tibetan buddhism, other religions became less important. <P1-S7> he and his successors kept a sakya imperial preceptor (dishi) at court. <P1-S8> before the end of the yuan dynasty, 14 leaders of the sakya sect had held the post of imperial preceptor, thereby enjoying special power. <P1-S9> furthermore, mongol patronage of buddhism resulted in a number of monuments of buddhist art. <P1-S10> mongolian buddhist translations, almost all from tibetan originals, began on a large scale after 1300. many mongols of the upper class such as the jalayir and the oronar nobles as well as the emperors also patronized confucian scholars and institutions. <P1-S11> a considerable number of confucian and chinese historical works were translated into the mongolian language. <SEP> <P2-S0> the columbia encyclopedia distinguishes between the yuan dynasty and the other mongol empire khanates of ilkhanate, chagatai khanate and the golden horde. <P2-S1> it describes the yuan dynasty as "a mongol dynasty of china that ruled from 1271 to 1368, and a division of the great empire conquered by the mongols. <P2-S2> founded by kublai khan, who adopted the chinese dynastic name of yüan in 1271." <P2-S3> the encyclopedia americana describes the yuan dynasty as "the line of mongol rulers in china" and adds that the mongols "proclaimed a chinese-style yüan dynasty at khanbaliq (beijing)." <P2-S4> the metropolitan museum of art writes that the mongol rulers of the yuan dynasty "adopted chinese political and cultural models; ruling from their capitals in dadu, they assumed the role of chinese emperors," although tibetologist thomas laird dismissed the yuan dynasty as a non-chinese polity and plays down its chinese characteristics. <P2-S5> the metropolitan museum of art also noted that in spite of the gradual assimilation of yuan monarchs, the mongol rulers largely ignored the literati and imposed harsh policies discriminating against southern chinese. <P2-S6> in his kublai khan: his life and times, rossabi explains that kublai "created government institutions that either resembled or were the same as the traditional chinese ones", and he "wished to signal to the chinese that he intended to adopt the trappings and style of a chinese ruler". <SEP> <P3-S0> Pugs were brought from China to Europe in the sixteenth century and were popularized in Western Europe by the House of Orange of the Netherlands, and the House of Stuart. <P3-S1> In the United Kingdom, in the nineteenth century, Queen Victoria developed a passion for pugs which she passed on to other members of the Royal family. <SEP> <P4-S0> The Brahmaputra (/ ˌbrɑːməˈpuːtrə / is one of the major rivers of Asia, a trans - boundary river which flows through China, India and Bangladesh. <P4-S1> As such, it is known by various names in the region: Assamese: ব্ৰহ্মপুত্ৰ নদ ('নদ' nôd, masculine form of 'নদী' nôdi ``river '') Brôhmôputrô (bɹɔɦmɔputɹɔ); Sanskrit: ब्रह्मपुत्र, IAST: Brahmaputra; Tibetan: ཡར ་ ཀླུངས ་ གཙང ་ པོ ་, Wylie: yar klung gtsang po Yarlung Tsangpo; simplified Chinese: 布拉马普特拉河; traditional Chinese: 布拉馬普特拉河; pinyin: Bùlāmǎpǔtèlā Hé. <P4-S2> It is also called Tsangpo - Brahmaputra (when referring to the whole river including the stretch within Tibet). <P4-S3> The Manas River, which runs through Bhutan, joins it at Jogighopa, in India. <P4-S4> It is the ninth largest river in the world by discharge, and the 15th longest.