winkelee/scaling-down huggingface dataset:
Question: What is the name of the famous bridge in the place where Al gran sole carico d'amore's composer worked?

<P0-S0> trigger happy! <P0-S1> is the sole album led by american jazz double bassist trigger alpert which was recorded in 1956 for the riverside label. <P0-S2> the album was also issued under zoot sims al cohn and tony scott's names as east coast sounds. <SEP> <P1-S0> the carnival of las palmas (also carnival of las palmas de gran canaria) is one of the most famous carnivals in spain. <P1-S1> the event is held each february and hosted by las palmas de gran canaria. <P1-S2> events include the queen gala and draq queen gala. <P1-S3> the main parade, or "cabalgata", is viewed by 200,000 people every year along with its six kilometer route across the city. <SEP> <P2-S0> In 1873, he exhibited in Venice: "Né sposo né figlio" and "Scena famigliare". <P2-S1> In 1877 at Paris, "Les saltimbanques" and "Les pingeons de Saint Marc". <P2-S2> He was active as a painter in Venice. <P2-S3> Among his watercolors are "Le rondini", exhibited at 1880 at Turin; "Una calle", exhibited at the 1891 Mostra Triennale of the Brera Academy. <P2-S4> He studied under Giacomo Favretto, Alessandro Milesi, and Luigi Nono at the Academy of Fine Arts in his native Venice. <P2-S5> In 1881 at Milan, displayed the paintings: "Mercante di ventagli"; "At the Predica", "Half-figure of a Girl"; and "Popolana". <P2-S6> In 1883 in Rome, exhibited: "The Lovers". <P2-S7> He painted "Love Letter", "Una fuga nel 1700"; and "The Dockside of San Marco". <P2-S8> He sent to Paris in 1877-1878, the paintings: "Pigeons of St Mark", "El-Mazrama" (Mouchoir of the Sultan), "Los Saltimbanques", and "A venetian - A Daughter of the People". <SEP> <P3-S0> The Rialto Bridge (Italian: Ponte di Rialto; Venetian: Ponte de Rialto) is the oldest of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. <P3-S1> Connecting the sestieri (districts) of San Marco and San Polo, it has been rebuilt several times since its first construction as a pontoon bridge in the 12th century, and is now a significant tourist attraction in the city. <SEP> <P4-S0> Nono himself and Yuri Lyubimov wrote the libretto. <P4-S1> Al gran sole carico d'amore ("In the Bright Sunshine Heavy with Love") is an opera (designated as an 'azione scenica') with music by Luigi Nono, based mainly on plays by Bertolt Brecht, but also incorporating texts of Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, Karl Marx, and Vladimir Lenin. <P4-S2> It premiered at the Teatro alla Scala on 4 April 1975, conducted by Claudio Abbado. <P4-S3> Lyubimov directed the original production. <P4-S4> The UK premiere was at the 32nd Edinburgh Festival in 1978. <P4-S5> In addition to vocal soloists, chorus and orchestra, the work incorporates taped sounds. <P4-S6> This work is a product of Nono's strong political activism through the mid-1970s.
Question: What is the name of the famous bridge in the place of birth of the composer of La fida ninfa?

<P0-S0> Orlando furioso RV 819 (, Teatro San Angelo, Venice 1714) is a three-act opera surviving in manuscript in Antonio Vivaldi's personal library, only partly related to his better known Orlando furioso (RV 728) of 1727. <P0-S1> It is a recomposition of an "Orlando furioso" written by Giovanni Alberto Ristori which had been very successfully staged by Vivaldi and his father's "impresa" in 1713, and whose music survives in a few fragments retained in the score of RV 819. <P0-S2> Therefore, Vivaldi's first cataloguer Peter Ryom did not assign the opera a RV number, but catalogued it as RV Anh. <P0-S3> 84. <P0-S4> The libretto was by Grazio Braccioli. <SEP> <P1-S0> Connecting the sestieri (districts) of San Marco and San Polo, it has been rebuilt several times since its first construction as a pontoon bridge in the 12th century, and is now a significant tourist attraction in the city. <P1-S1> The Rialto Bridge (Italian: Ponte di Rialto; Venetian: Ponte de Rialto) is the oldest of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. <SEP> <P2-S0> the ducharme bridge (french: "pont ducharme") is a covered bridge with a lattice truss structure, which crosses the bostonnais river in the center of la bostonnais, quebec. <P2-S1> the bridge was built in 1946 and it is long. <P2-S2> it was classified as a historic monument in 2006, because it was a late example of an elaborated town bridge, a truss developed by the departement of colonization of quebec at the turn of the 20th century. <P2-S3> it was named after romulus ducharme, mla of laviolette in 1936-1939 and 1944-1966. <SEP> <P3-S0> La fida ninfa ("The Faithful Nymph") is an opera by Antonio Vivaldi to a libretto by Scipione Maffei. <P3-S1> The opera was first performed for the opening of the Teatro Filarmonico in Verona on 6 January 1732. <P3-S2> Among the arias is "Alma oppressa de sorte crudele" ("Soul oppressed by cruel fate"). <SEP> <P4-S0> la rosière de pessac (the virgin of pessac) is the title of two hour-long films directed by jean eustache (in 1968 and 1979 respectively). <P4-S1> the films cover an annual ceremony, held in eustache's place of birth, in which the mayor and his associates nominate a girl as the town's most virtuous. <P4-S2> thus, the girls chosen in those two years are eponymous subjects of these documentaries.
Question: How many times did plague occur in the place of death of the creator of Violante?

<P0-S0> Violante is an oil painting attributed to Titian, dated to around 1515 and now held at the Kunsthistorisches Museum in Vienna. <SEP> <P1-S0> the black death is thought to have originated in the arid plains of central asia, where it then travelled along the silk road, reaching crimea by 1343. from there, it was most likely carried by oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. <P1-S1> spreading throughout the mediterranean and europe, the black death is estimated to have killed 30 -- 60% of europe's total population. <P1-S2> in total, the plague may have reduced the world population from an estimated 450 million down to 350 -- 375 million in the 14th century. <P1-S3> the world population as a whole did not recover to pre-plague levels until the 17th century. <P1-S4> the plague recurred occasionally in europe until the 19th century. <SEP> <P2-S0> It so impressed Philip II of Spain that he commissioned a second version in 1567 for the basilica at El Escorial. <P2-S1> The Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence is a 1558 painting by Titian, now in the church of I Gesuiti in Venice. <SEP> <P3-S0> in 1726, however, a re-establishment took place through jakob van schuppen as "k.k. <P3-S1> hofacademie of the painters, sculptor and architecture", which still exists. <P3-S2> peter strudel is considered as a founder of the oldest art academy of central europe, the academy of fine arts vienna. <P3-S3> one year before the death of strudel, the "strudelhof" included a plague house, where those afflicted by the epidemic were treated and quarantined. <SEP> <P4-S0> In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. <P4-S1> During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. <P4-S2> The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. <P4-S3> Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. <P4-S4> Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. <P4-S5> The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. <P4-S6> Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. <P4-S7> Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. <P4-S8> Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. <P4-S9> The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654.
Question: What is the name of the famous bridge in the birthplace of Gloria in D Major's composer?

<P0-S0> the calvin coolidge memorial bridge is a major crossing of the connecticut river in western massachusetts, connecting the towns of northampton and hadley. <P0-S1> the bridge carries route 9 across the river, where it connects to interstate 91. the bridge is a major bottleneck in hampshire county—the only major hospital in the county, cooley-dickinson, is located in northampton on the western side of the bridge. <P0-S2> the road approaching the bridge is known as bridge st. in northampton (eastbound) and russell st. in hadley (westbound). <SEP> <P1-S0> Two survive: RV 588 and RV 589. <P1-S1> A third, RV 590, is mentioned only in the Kreuzherren catalogue and presumed lost. <P1-S2> Antonio Vivaldi wrote at least three settings of the hymn Gloria in excelsis Deo, whose words date probably from the 4th Century and which is an integral part of the Ordinary of the Mass. <P1-S3> The RV 589 Gloria is a familiar and popular piece among sacred works by Vivaldi. <P1-S4> It was probably written at about the same time as the RV 588, possibly in 1715. <SEP> <P2-S0> Connecting the sestieri (districts) of San Marco and San Polo, it has been rebuilt several times since its first construction as a pontoon bridge in the 12th century, and is now a significant tourist attraction in the city. <P2-S1> The Rialto Bridge (Italian: Ponte di Rialto; Venetian: Ponte de Rialto) is the oldest of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. <SEP> <P3-S0> the humming bird (also known as les loups de montmartre) is a 1924 american silent crime drama film directed by sidney olcott and starring gloria swanson. <P3-S1> produced by famous players-lasky and distributed by paramount pictures, the film is based on the play of the same name by maude fulton who also starred in the broadway production. <P3-S2> a print of the film is housed at the library of congress and the nederlands filmmuseum. <SEP> <P4-S0> Orlando furioso RV 819 (, Teatro San Angelo, Venice 1714) is a three-act opera surviving in manuscript in Antonio Vivaldi's personal library, only partly related to his better known Orlando furioso (RV 728) of 1727. <P4-S1> It is a recomposition of an "Orlando furioso" written by Giovanni Alberto Ristori which had been very successfully staged by Vivaldi and his father's "impresa" in 1713, and whose music survives in a few fragments retained in the score of RV 819. <P4-S2> Therefore, Vivaldi's first cataloguer Peter Ryom did not assign the opera a RV number, but catalogued it as RV Anh. <P4-S3> 84. <P4-S4> The libretto was by Grazio Braccioli.
Question: How many times did plague occur in the place where Crucifixion's creator died?

<P0-S0> the black death is thought to have originated in the arid plains of central asia, where it then travelled along the silk road, reaching crimea by 1343. from there, it was most likely carried by oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. <P0-S1> spreading throughout the mediterranean and europe, the black death is estimated to have killed 30 -- 60% of europe's total population. <P0-S2> in total, the plague may have reduced the world population from an estimated 450 million down to 350 -- 375 million in the 14th century. <P0-S3> the world population as a whole did not recover to pre-plague levels until the 17th century. <P0-S4> the plague recurred occasionally in europe until the 19th century. <SEP> <P1-S0> Jesus Christ is shown crucified, with Saint Mary and Saint John standing either side of the cross in the "Stabat Mater" tradition. <P1-S1> The Crucifixion is a life sized painting by the Venetian artist Titian, completed in 1558 and presently hanging in the sanctuary of the church of San Domenico, Ancona. <P1-S2> The kneeling figure is of Saint Dominic. <P1-S3> The canvas was completed during Titian's fifth decade of painting, and is one of the works marking a shift toward his extensive exploration of tragedy and human suffering. <SEP> <P2-S0> in 1726, however, a re-establishment took place through jakob van schuppen as "k.k. <P2-S1> hofacademie of the painters, sculptor and architecture", which still exists. <P2-S2> peter strudel is considered as a founder of the oldest art academy of central europe, the academy of fine arts vienna. <P2-S3> one year before the death of strudel, the "strudelhof" included a plague house, where those afflicted by the epidemic were treated and quarantined. <SEP> <P3-S0> The Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence is a 1558 painting by Titian, now in the church of I Gesuiti in Venice. <P3-S1> It so impressed Philip II of Spain that he commissioned a second version in 1567 for the basilica at El Escorial. <SEP> <P4-S0> In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. <P4-S1> During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. <P4-S2> Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. <P4-S3> The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. <P4-S4> Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. <P4-S5> Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. <P4-S6> The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. <P4-S7> Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. <P4-S8> Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. <P4-S9> The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654.
Question: What was the overwhelming ethnic majority in the city where the Yongle emperor greeted the person to whom the edict was addressed?

<P0-S0> a monument to the huge human cost of some of the gigantic construction projects of the early ming dynasty is the yangshan quarry (located some 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city and ming xiaoling mausoleum), where a gigantic stele, cut on the orders of the yongle emperor, lies abandoned, just as it was left 600 years ago when it was understood it was impossible to move or complete it. <SEP> <P1-S0> In 1999, 77,394 residents belonged to minority nationalities, among which the vast majority (64,832) were Hui nationalities, contributing 83.76 percent to the minority population. <P1-S1> As in most of eastern China the ethnic makeup of Nanjing is predominantly Han nationality (98.56 percent), with 50 other minority nationalities. <P1-S2> The second and third largest minority groups were Manchu (2,311) and Zhuang (533) nationalities. <P1-S3> Most of the minority nationalities resided in Jianye District, comprising 9.13 percent of the district's population. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) addressed to the Karmapa in 1445, written after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court. <P2-S1> Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa: <SEP> <P3-S0> somalis (somali: soomaali, arabic: صومال‎) are an ethnic group inhabiting the horn of africa (somali peninsula). <P3-S1> the overwhelming majority of somalis speak the somali language, which is part of the cushitic branch of the afro-asiatic family. <P3-S2> they are predominantly sunni muslim. <P3-S3> ethnic somalis number around 16-20 million and are principally concentrated in somalia (around 12.3 million), ethiopia (4.6 million), kenya (2.4 million), and djibouti (464,600), with many also residing in parts of the middle east, north america and europe. <SEP> <P4-S0> During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. <P4-S1> Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. <P4-S2> The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. <P4-S3> According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. <P4-S4> Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him.
Question: How many times did plague occur in the birthplace of La Silvia's composer?

<P0-S0> La Silvia (RV 734) is an "dramma pastorale per musica" in three acts by Antonio Vivaldi to an Italian libretto by Enrico Bissari. <P0-S1> It was first performed on 28 August 1721 at the Teatro Regio Ducale in Milan on the occasion of the birthday celebrations of the Austrian Empress Elisabeth Christine, wife of Emperor Charles VI of Austria. <SEP> <P1-S0> In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. <P1-S1> During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. <P1-S2> The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. <P1-S3> Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. <P1-S4> Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. <P1-S5> Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. <P1-S6> The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. <P1-S7> Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. <P1-S8> Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. <P1-S9> The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654. <SEP> <P2-S0> the la cantuta massacre, in which supposed members of sendero luminoso, a university professor and nine students from lima's la cantuta university were abducted by a military death squad, took place in peru on 18 july 1992 during the presidency of alberto fujimori. <P2-S1> the incident occurred two days after the shining path's tarata bombing left over 40 dead in lima province. <SEP> <P3-S0> It is a recomposition of an "Orlando furioso" written by Giovanni Alberto Ristori which had been very successfully staged by Vivaldi and his father's "impresa" in 1713, and whose music survives in a few fragments retained in the score of RV 819. <P3-S1> Orlando furioso RV 819 (, Teatro San Angelo, Venice 1714) is a three-act opera surviving in manuscript in Antonio Vivaldi's personal library, only partly related to his better known Orlando furioso (RV 728) of 1727. <P3-S2> Therefore, Vivaldi's first cataloguer Peter Ryom did not assign the opera a RV number, but catalogued it as RV Anh. <P3-S3> 84. <P3-S4> The libretto was by Grazio Braccioli. <SEP> <P4-S0> patricia millardet (born 24 march 1959) is a french actress who played judge silvia conti in the italian mafia series "la piovra".
Question: Border troops of the country of literature of the country of citizenship of Rainer Ernst are from what country?

<P0-S0> cascade city or cascade was a canadian pacific railway construction era boom town in the boundary country of the west kootenay region of british columbia, canada. <P0-S1> because of its location near the canada–united states border, it was also called the "gateway to the boundary country". <SEP> <P1-S0> canada (/ ˈkænədə / (listen); french: (kanadɑ)) is a country in the northern part of north america. <P1-S1> its ten provinces and three territories extend from the atlantic to the pacific and northward into the arctic ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second - largest country by total area and the fourth - largest country by land area. <P1-S2> canada's southern border with the united states is the world's longest bi-national land border. <P1-S3> the majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. <P1-S4> canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the rocky mountains. <P1-S5> it is highly urbanized with 82 per cent of the 35.15 million people concentrated in large and medium - sized cities, many near the southern border. <P1-S6> its capital is ottawa, and its five largest metropolitan areas are toronto, montreal, vancouver, calgary and ottawa. <SEP> <P2-S0> Rainer Ernst (born 31 December 1961 in Neustrelitz) is a former German footballer who amassed 56 caps for East Germany. <SEP> <P3-S0> Heinz-Josef Große was a 34-year-old East German (GDR) construction worker who was shot and killed on 29 March 1982 by GDR border guards on the Inner German border at Schifflersgrund, near Bad Sooden-Allendorf. <SEP> <P4-S0> East German literature is the literature produced in East Germany from the time of the Soviet occupation in 1945 until the end of the communist government in 1990. <P4-S1> As a result, the literature of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was for decades dismissed as nothing more than "Boy meet Tractor literature", but its study is now considered a legitimate field. <P4-S2> The literature of this period was heavily influenced by the concepts of socialist realism and controlled by the communist government. <P4-S3> Because of its language, the literature is more accessible to western scholars and is considered to be one of the most reliable, if not the most reliable, sources about East Germany.
Question: Which opera company is based in the city where the Yongle Emperor greeted the leader that the edict was addressed to?

<P0-S0> cyrano is an opera in three acts by david dichiera (orchestration: mark flint) to a libretto in french by bernard uzan, based on the play "cyrano de bergerac" by edmond rostand. <P0-S1> the opera premiered on 13 october 2007 at the michigan opera theatre. <P0-S2> it was then given february 8 to 17, 2008, at the opera company of philadelphia. <P0-S3> florida grand opera presented the work in april 2011. the opera was revived november 4, 2017 by opera carolina with an additional performance scheduled for november 9. <SEP> <P1-S0> a monument to the huge human cost of some of the gigantic construction projects of the early ming dynasty is the yangshan quarry (located some 15–20 km (9–12 mi) east of the walled city and ming xiaoling mausoleum), where a gigantic stele, cut on the orders of the yongle emperor, lies abandoned, just as it was left 600 years ago when it was understood it was impossible to move or complete it. <SEP> <P2-S0> Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. <P2-S1> The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. <P2-S2> According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. <P2-S3> During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. <P2-S4> Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him. <SEP> <P3-S0> Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa: <P3-S1> The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) addressed to the Karmapa in 1445, written after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court. <SEP> <P4-S0> Some of the leading art groups of China are based in Nanjing; they include the Qianxian Dance Company, Nanjing Dance Company, Jiangsu Peking Opera Institute and Nanjing Xiaohonghua Art Company among others.
Question: In 2011, what was the estimated population of the city where the Yongle emperor greeted the person to whom the edict was addressed?

<P0-S0> Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa: <P0-S1> The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) addressed to the Karmapa in 1445, written after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court. <SEP> <P1-S0> According to the Sixth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 8.005 million in 2010. <P1-S1> The birth rate was 8.86 percent and the death rate was 6.88 percent. <P1-S2> The urban area had a population of 6.47 million people. <P1-S3> The statistics in 2011 estimated the total population to be 8.11 million. <P1-S4> The sex ratio of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females. <SEP> <P2-S0> according to the 2011 census, the population of mumbai city was 12,479,608. the population density is estimated to be about 20,482 persons per square kilometre. <P2-S1> the living space is 4.5 square metres per person. <P2-S2> mumbai metropolitan region was home to 20,748,395 people by 2011. greater mumbai, the area under the administration of the mcgm, has a literacy rate of 94.7%, higher than the national average of 86.7%. <P2-S3> the number of slum-dwellers is estimated to be 9 million, up from 6 million in 2001; that is, 62% of all mumbaikars live in informal slums. <SEP> <P3-S0> constantine the great, who along with licinius had decreed toleration of christianity in the roman empire by what is commonly called the "edict of milan", and was the first roman emperor baptized, set precedents for later policy. <P3-S1> by roman law the emperor was pontifex maximus, the high priest of the college of pontiffs (collegium pontificum) of all recognized religions in ancient rome. <P3-S2> to put an end to the doctrinal debate initiated by arius, constantine called the first of what would afterwards be called the ecumenical councils and then enforced orthodoxy by imperial authority. <SEP> <P4-S0> During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. <P4-S1> Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. <P4-S2> The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. <P4-S3> According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. <P4-S4> Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him.
Question: How many times did the plague occur in the city where Flora's painter died?

<P0-S0> The Martyrdom of Saint Lawrence is a 1558 painting by Titian, now in the church of I Gesuiti in Venice. <P0-S1> It so impressed Philip II of Spain that he commissioned a second version in 1567 for the basilica at El Escorial. <SEP> <P1-S0> In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. <P1-S1> During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. <P1-S2> The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. <P1-S3> Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. <P1-S4> Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. <P1-S5> The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. <P1-S6> Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. <P1-S7> Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. <P1-S8> The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654. <P1-S9> Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. <SEP> <P2-S0> the black death is thought to have originated in the arid plains of central asia, where it then travelled along the silk road, reaching crimea by 1343. from there, it was most likely carried by oriental rat fleas living on the black rats that were regular passengers on merchant ships. <P2-S1> spreading throughout the mediterranean and europe, the black death is estimated to have killed 30 -- 60% of europe's total population. <P2-S2> in total, the plague may have reduced the world population from an estimated 450 million down to 350 -- 375 million in the 14th century. <P2-S3> the world population as a whole did not recover to pre-plague levels until the 17th century. <P2-S4> the plague recurred occasionally in europe until the 19th century. <SEP> <P3-S0> until his death in 1945, he was senior editor of the "flora sssr" (flora of the u.s.s.r.), in full comprising 30 volumes published between 1934–1960. <P3-S1> he was elected a corresponding member of the russian academy of sciences in 1914 and its full member in 1920. he served as president of the academy of sciences of the ussr in 1936-1945. <SEP> <P4-S0> Flora is an oil painting by Italian late Renaissance painter Titian, dated to around 1515 and now held at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence.
Question: What is the name of the famous bridge in the birth city of the composer of Scanderbeg?

<P0-S0> It is a recomposition of an "Orlando furioso" written by Giovanni Alberto Ristori which had been very successfully staged by Vivaldi and his father's "impresa" in 1713, and whose music survives in a few fragments retained in the score of RV 819. <P0-S1> Therefore, Vivaldi's first cataloguer Peter Ryom did not assign the opera a RV number, but catalogued it as RV Anh. <P0-S2> 84. <P0-S3> The libretto was by Grazio Braccioli. <P0-S4> Orlando furioso RV 819 (, Teatro San Angelo, Venice 1714) is a three-act opera surviving in manuscript in Antonio Vivaldi's personal library, only partly related to his better known Orlando furioso (RV 728) of 1727. <SEP> <P1-S0> Connecting the sestieri (districts) of San Marco and San Polo, it has been rebuilt several times since its first construction as a pontoon bridge in the 12th century, and is now a significant tourist attraction in the city. <P1-S1> The Rialto Bridge (Italian: Ponte di Rialto; Venetian: Ponte de Rialto) is the oldest of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. <SEP> <P2-S0> peter winter (baptized 28 august 1754 – 17 october 1825) was a german opera composer who followed mozart and preceded weber, acting as a bridge between the two in the development of german opera. <P2-S1> (his name is sometimes given as peter von winter.) <SEP> <P3-S0> It was first performed at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence on 22 June 1718 to mark the re-opening of the theatre to public performances. <P3-S1> Scanderbeg (; RV 732) is an opera ("dramma per musica") in three acts composed by Antonio Vivaldi to an Italian libretto by Antonio Salvi. <P3-S2> While the libretto has been preserved, only fragments of the original score remain. <SEP> <P4-S0> he became famous when on saturday 19 march 1932, he upstaged lang at the opening of the sydney harbour bridge, before a crowd of 300,000 people. <P4-S1> he was not a member of the official party but, on horseback and dressed in his military uniform, he was able to blend in with the escort party of nsw lancers. <P4-S2> lang was about to cut the ribbon to formally open the bridge, when de groot rode forward and drew his ceremonial sword, making to cut the ribbon and declare the bridge open ``in the name of the decent and respectable people of new south wales ''. <P4-S3> while many accounts say de groot succeeded in slashing the ribbon, at least one eyewitness has disputed the claim and suggested it was probably broken by the hooves of his rearing horse.
Question: What is the name of the famous bridge in the city where the composer of La Silvia was born?

<P0-S0> marlene favela (born silvia marlene favela meraz on august 5, 1976 in santiago papasquiaro, durango, mexico) is a mexican actress. <P0-S1> in mexican television, as of 2013 she was best known as esmeralda in the tv show "zorro, la espada y la rosa". <SEP> <P1-S0> the river test runs along the western border of the city, separating it from the new forest. <P1-S1> there are bridges over the test from southampton, including the road and rail bridges at redbridge in the south and the m27 motorway to the north. <P1-S2> the river itchen runs through the middle of the city and is bridged in several places. <P1-S3> the northernmost bridge, and the first to be built, is at mansbridge, where the a27 road crosses the itchen. <P1-S4> the original bridge is closed to road traffic, but is still standing and open to pedestrians and cyclists. <P1-S5> the river is bridged again at swaythling, where woodmill bridge separates the tidal and non tidal sections of the river. <P1-S6> further south is cobden bridge which is notable as it was opened as a free bridge (it was originally named the cobden free bridge), and was never a toll bridge. <P1-S7> downstream of the cobden bridge is the northam railway bridge, then the northam road bridge, which was the first major pre-stressed concrete bridge to be constructed in the united kingdom. <P1-S8> the southernmost, and newest, bridge on the itchen is the itchen bridge, which is a toll bridge. <SEP> <P2-S0> The Rialto Bridge (Italian: Ponte di Rialto; Venetian: Ponte de Rialto) is the oldest of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal in Venice, Italy. <P2-S1> Connecting the sestieri (districts) of San Marco and San Polo, it has been rebuilt several times since its first construction as a pontoon bridge in the 12th century, and is now a significant tourist attraction in the city. <SEP> <P3-S0> Orlando furioso RV 819 (, Teatro San Angelo, Venice 1714) is a three-act opera surviving in manuscript in Antonio Vivaldi's personal library, only partly related to his better known Orlando furioso (RV 728) of 1727. <P3-S1> It is a recomposition of an "Orlando furioso" written by Giovanni Alberto Ristori which had been very successfully staged by Vivaldi and his father's "impresa" in 1713, and whose music survives in a few fragments retained in the score of RV 819. <P3-S2> Therefore, Vivaldi's first cataloguer Peter Ryom did not assign the opera a RV number, but catalogued it as RV Anh. <P3-S3> 84. <P3-S4> The libretto was by Grazio Braccioli. <SEP> <P4-S0> La Silvia (RV 734) is an "dramma pastorale per musica" in three acts by Antonio Vivaldi to an Italian libretto by Enrico Bissari. <P4-S1> It was first performed on 28 August 1721 at the Teatro Regio Ducale in Milan on the occasion of the birthday celebrations of the Austrian Empress Elisabeth Christine, wife of Emperor Charles VI of Austria.
Question: What was where the Yongle emperor greeted who the edict addressed GDP per person in 2013?

<P0-S0> Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. <P0-S1> During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. <P0-S2> The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. <P0-S3> According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. <P0-S4> Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him. <SEP> <P1-S0> Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa: <P1-S1> The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) addressed to the Karmapa in 1445, written after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court. <SEP> <P2-S0> in 2016, united states public debt - to - gdp ratio was at 104.8%. <P2-S1> the level of public debt in japan 2013 was 243.2% of gdp, in china 22.4% and in india 66.7%, according to the imf, while the public debt - to - gdp ratio at the end of the 2nd quarter of 2016 was at 70.1% of gdp in germany, 89.1% in the united kingdom, 98.2% in france and 135.5% in italy, according to eurostat. <SEP> <P3-S0> In recent years, Nanjing has been developing its economy, commerce, industry, as well as city construction. <P3-S1> The average urban resident's disposable income was RMB 36,200, while the average rural resident's net income was RMB 14,513. <P3-S2> The registered urban unemployment rate was 3.02 percent, lower than the national average (4.3 percent). <P3-S3> In 2013 the city's GDP was RMB 801 billion (3rd in Jiangsu), and GDP per capita(current price) was RMB 98,174(US$16041), a 11 percent increase from 2012. <P3-S4> Nanjing's Gross Domestic Product ranked 12th in 2013 in China, and its overall competence ranked 6th in mainland and 8th including Taiwan and Hong Kong in 2009. <SEP> <P4-S0> constantine the great, who along with licinius had decreed toleration of christianity in the roman empire by what is commonly called the "edict of milan", and was the first roman emperor baptized, set precedents for later policy. <P4-S1> by roman law the emperor was pontifex maximus, the high priest of the college of pontiffs (collegium pontificum) of all recognized religions in ancient rome. <P4-S2> to put an end to the doctrinal debate initiated by arius, constantine called the first of what would afterwards be called the ecumenical councils and then enforced orthodoxy by imperial authority.
Question: How many times did the plague occur in the birth city of the composer of Scanderbeg?

<P0-S0> preterm birth, also known as premature birth, is the birth of a baby at fewer than 37 weeks' gestational age. <P0-S1> these babies are known as preemies or premies. <P0-S2> symptoms of preterm labor include uterine contractions which occur more often than every ten minutes or the leaking of fluid from the vagina. <P0-S3> premature infants are at greater risk for cerebral palsy, delays in development, hearing problems and sight problems. <P0-S4> these risks are greater the earlier a baby is born. <SEP> <P1-S0> In 1466, perhaps 40,000 people died of the plague in Paris. <P1-S1> Plague occurred in Venice 22 times between 1361 and 1528. <P1-S2> During the 16th and 17th centuries, the plague was present in Paris around 30 per cent of the time. <P1-S3> The Black Death ravaged Europe for three years before it continued on into Russia, where the disease was present somewhere in the country 25 times between 1350 to 1490. <P1-S4> Plague epidemics ravaged London in 1563, 1593, 1603, 1625, 1636, and 1665, reducing its population by 10 to 30% during those years. <P1-S5> Over 10% of Amsterdam's population died in 1623–25, and again in 1635–36, 1655, and 1664. <P1-S6> The plague of 1576–77 killed 50,000 in Venice, almost a third of the population. <P1-S7> Late outbreaks in central Europe included the Italian Plague of 1629–1631, which is associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War, and the Great Plague of Vienna in 1679. <P1-S8> Over 60% of Norway's population died in 1348–50. <P1-S9> The last plague outbreak ravaged Oslo in 1654. <SEP> <P2-S0> andré jolivet (, 8 august 1905 – 20 december 1974) was a french composer. <P2-S1> known for his devotion to french culture and musical thought, jolivet drew on his interest in acoustics and atonality, as well as both ancient and modern musical influences, particularly on instruments used in ancient times. <P2-S2> he composed in a wide variety of forms for many different types of ensembles. <SEP> <P3-S0> It is a recomposition of an "Orlando furioso" written by Giovanni Alberto Ristori which had been very successfully staged by Vivaldi and his father's "impresa" in 1713, and whose music survives in a few fragments retained in the score of RV 819. <P3-S1> Therefore, Vivaldi's first cataloguer Peter Ryom did not assign the opera a RV number, but catalogued it as RV Anh. <P3-S2> 84. <P3-S3> The libretto was by Grazio Braccioli. <P3-S4> Orlando furioso RV 819 (, Teatro San Angelo, Venice 1714) is a three-act opera surviving in manuscript in Antonio Vivaldi's personal library, only partly related to his better known Orlando furioso (RV 728) of 1727. <SEP> <P4-S0> Scanderbeg (; RV 732) is an opera ("dramma per musica") in three acts composed by Antonio Vivaldi to an Italian libretto by Antonio Salvi. <P4-S1> It was first performed at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence on 22 June 1718 to mark the re-opening of the theatre to public performances. <P4-S2> While the libretto has been preserved, only fragments of the original score remain.
Question: Where is the Bridge of Sighs located in the place of death of Sonata pian'e forte's composer?

<P0-S0> classical music has often incorporated elements or material from popular music of the composer's time. <P0-S1> examples include occasional music such as brahms' use of student drinking songs in his academic festival overture, genres exemplified by kurt weill's the threepenny opera, and the influence of jazz on early- and mid-20th-century composers including maurice ravel, exemplified by the movement entitled "blues" in his sonata for violin and piano. <P0-S2> certain postmodern, minimalist and postminimalist classical composers acknowledge a debt to popular music. <SEP> <P1-S0> A child prodigy, he became a member of the Bückeburg Court choir at 11, learned the organ from Cornelius Conradus, succeeded him as organist, and was then, like Heinrich Schütz, awarded a scholarship to study with Giovanni Gabrieli in Venice. <P1-S1> While there, Grabbe published his "Primo libro" of madrigals as his graduation thesis. <SEP> <P2-S0> piz d'arbeola (2,600 m) is a mountain of the lepontine alps, south of san bernardino in the canton of graubünden. <P2-S1> it lies between the val calanca and the val mesolcina, north of piz pian grand. <SEP> <P3-S0> This is the earliest known piece of music to call for specific brass instruments. <P3-S1> Sonata pian' e forte was written by Giovanni Gabrieli, an Italian composer and organist in 1597. <SEP> <P4-S0> The Bridge of Sighs (Italian: Ponte dei Sospiri) is a bridge located in Venice, northern Italy. <P4-S1> The enclosed bridge is made of white limestone, has windows with stone bars, passes over the Rio di Palazzo, and connects the New Prison (Prigioni Nuove) to the interrogation rooms in the Doge's Palace. <P4-S2> It was designed by Antonio Contino (whose uncle Antonio da Ponte had designed the Rialto Bridge) and was built in 1600.
Question: In 2010, what was the population of the city where the Yongle emperor greeted the person to whom the edict was addressed?

<P0-S0> constantine the great, who along with licinius had decreed toleration of christianity in the roman empire by what is commonly called the "edict of milan", and was the first roman emperor baptized, set precedents for later policy. <P0-S1> by roman law the emperor was pontifex maximus, the high priest of the college of pontiffs (collegium pontificum) of all recognized religions in ancient rome. <P0-S2> to put an end to the doctrinal debate initiated by arius, constantine called the first of what would afterwards be called the ecumenical councils and then enforced orthodoxy by imperial authority. <SEP> <P1-S0> The Information Office of the State Council of the PRC preserves an edict of the Zhengtong Emperor (r. 1435–1449) addressed to the Karmapa in 1445, written after the latter's agent had brought holy relics to the Ming court. <P1-S1> Zhengtong had the following message delivered to the Great Treasure Prince of Dharma, the Karmapa: <SEP> <P2-S0> The statistics in 2011 estimated the total population to be 8.11 million. <P2-S1> The birth rate was 8.86 percent and the death rate was 6.88 percent. <P2-S2> According to the Sixth China Census, the total population of the City of Nanjing reached 8.005 million in 2010. <P2-S3> The urban area had a population of 6.47 million people. <P2-S4> The sex ratio of the city population was 107.31 males to 100 females. <SEP> <P3-S0> Norbu writes that the Yongle Emperor, following the tradition of Mongol emperors and their reverence for the Sakya lamas, showed an enormous amount of deference towards Deshin Shekpa. <P3-S1> During his travels beginning in 1403, Deshin Shekpa was induced by further exhortations by the Ming court to visit Nanjing by April 10, 1407. <P3-S2> The Yongle Emperor came out of the palace in Nanjing to greet the Karmapa and did not require him to kowtow like a tributary vassal. <P3-S3> According to Karma Thinley, the emperor gave the Karmapa the place of honor at his left, and on a higher throne than his own. <P3-S4> Rossabi and others describe a similar arrangement made by Kublai Khan and the Sakya Phagpa lama, writing that Kublai would "sit on a lower platform than the Tibetan cleric" when receiving religious instructions from him. <SEP> <P4-S0> bloomingdale is an unincorporated census-designated place in hillsborough county, florida, united states. <P4-S1> the population was 22,711 at the 2010 census. <P4-S2> the zip codes serving the community are 33511 (which is addressed to brandon) and 33596 (which is addressed to valrico).