Input (grade 8): SÃ # o Paulo is the most ethnically diverse city in Brazil. At the end of the traffic of enslaved Africans in the country (1850), SÃ # o Paulo started to replace the African manpower with immigrants in the coffee plantations.
Output (grade 11): At this time, many European immigrants, especially Italians, moved to SÃ # o Paulo to work at the big coffee plantations.