wikimedia/wiki-dyk huggingface dataset:
... that Hardy Town, an encampment established by the civilians of Gibraltar to escape the Spanish bombardment of the Great Siege of 1779–83, was called the "Cowards' Retreat" by the British garrison?

page_title: Hardy Town, Gibraltar
short_description: Shanty town in Gibraltar, 1779 to 1783
page_title: Gibraltar
short_description: British Overseas Territory in Iberia
page_title: Great Siege of Gibraltar
short_description: Siege of the American Revolutionary War
... that Kentuckian journalist Ewing Galloway owned what was once the biggest stock photography company in the United States?

page_title: Kentucky
short_description: U.S. state
page_title: Ewing Galloway
short_description: American lawyer and journalist (1880–1953)
page_title: Stock photography
short_description: Photographs with a specific use
... that in the UK, social workers do not have the power to remove children without a court order, yet police do?

page_title: Social work
short_description: Academic discipline and profession
page_title: Court order
short_description: Official proclamation by a judge or panel of judges
page_title: Police child protection powers in England and Wales
... that R. Nataraja Mudaliar, acknowledged as the father of Tamil cinema, was the first Indian to sell automobiles?

page_title: R. Nataraja Mudaliar
short_description: Indian film director
page_title: Tamil cinema
short_description: Segment of Indian cinema
... that in the UK a total ouster clause in a statute generally does not prevent a person from applying for judicial review of a public authority's decision, but a partial ouster clause does?

page_title: Ouster clause
short_description: Type of clause in legislation
page_title: Judicial review
short_description: Ability of courts to review actions by executive and legislatures
... that the Gardens of Stone National Park (pictured) is so named for the natural stone pagodas within its boundaries?

page_title: Gardens of Stone National Park
short_description: National park in Australia
... that Indian classical singer Shanno Khurana was awarded Padma Shri in 1991, followed by the Padma Bhushan in 2006?

page_title: Shanno Khurana
short_description: Musical artist
page_title: Padma Shri
short_description: Fourth highest civilian award of India
page_title: Padma Bhushan
short_description: Third-highest civilian award in India
... that in the United States, landowners control subsurface oil and gas resources, while in most of the rest of the world, the petroleum fiscal regime is government-managed?

page_title: Petroleum fiscal regime
short_description: National regulatory framework on economic benefits from petroleum production
... that Muthu Alagappans big data-driven basketball statistical analysis identifies 13 distinct player positions as opposed to the traditional five?

page_title: Muthu Alagappan
short_description: Basketball analyst
page_title: Big data
short_description: Extremely large or complex datasets
page_title: Basketball
short_description: Team sport
page_title: Statistical inference
short_description: Process of using data analysis for predicting population data from sample data
page_title: Basketball positions
short_description: Positions played in basketball
... that the black and white bands on the Flag of Botswana represent the stripes of the zebra, the country's national animal?

page_title: Flag of Botswana
page_title: Zebra
short_description: Striped animal in the equid family
page_title: Botswana
short_description: Country in Southern Africa
page_title: List of national animals
... that Marco Gonzales started and won the Colorado state championship game in all four years on his high school baseball team?

page_title: Marco Gonzales
short_description: American baseball player (born 1992)
page_title: Games started
short_description: Number of games that a baseball pitcher has started for his team
page_title: Win–loss record (pitching)
short_description: Baseball statistic
page_title: Colorado
short_description: U.S. state
page_title: Secondary school
short_description: Institution where adolescents learn
page_title: Baseball
short_description: Bat-and-ball game
... that Ashvin Sivakumar won the Big Spell 2013 by correctly spelling pulchritudinous?

page_title: RHB-The Straits Times National Spelling Championship
... that after building the first concrete barn in the United States (pictured) on his farm in Chappaqua, New York, Horace Greeley said it would be "abidingly useful long after I shall have been utterly forgotten"?

page_title: Rehoboth (Chappaqua, New York)
short_description: Historic house
page_title: Chappaqua, New York
short_description: Hamlet and census-designated place in New Castle, New York, US
page_title: Horace Greeley
short_description: American politician and publisher (1811–1872)
... that Abujmarh, a hilly forest area in India, was proposed as a biosphere reserve by the country's Ministry of Environment and Forests in 2008?

page_title: Abujhmarh
short_description: Forest in India
page_title: Biosphere reserves of India
page_title: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
short_description: Government ministry of India
... that the oil industry in Singapore generates five percent of the country's gross domestic product?

page_title: Oil industry in Singapore
page_title: Gross domestic product
short_description: Total market value of goods and services produced within a country
... that Said Amirov, the mayor of Makhachkala, has survived fifteen assassination attempts, including one that left him wheelchair-bound?

page_title: Said Amirov
short_description: Dagestani economist and politician
page_title: Makhachkala
short_description: City in Dagestan, Russia
... that the 1970 edition of the National Atlas of the United States was too expensive for most Americans?

page_title: National Atlas of the United States
short_description: Atlas published by the United States Department of the Interior from 1874-1997
... that Knuthenborg was once Denmark's largest private estate?

page_title: Knuthenborg
short_description: Manor house on the Danish island of Lolland
... that the Bach cantata Süßer Trost, mein Jesus kömmt, BWV 151, opens in a "mood of iridescent transparency"?

page_title: Bach cantata
short_description: Cantatas by Johann Sebastian Bach
page_title: Süßer Trost, mein Jesus kömmt, BWV 151
short_description: Church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach
... that fungi of the mycorrhizal genus Austropaxillus (A. infundibuliformis pictured) are closely related to the brown rot genus Serpula?

page_title: Mycorrhiza
short_description: Fungus-plant symbiotic association
page_title: Austropaxillus
short_description: Genus of fungi
page_title: Austropaxillus infundibuliformis
short_description: Species of fungus
page_title: Wood-decay fungus
short_description: Any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot
page_title: Serpula (fungus)
short_description: Genus of fungi
... that Kerala Seaplane is the first and the only seaplane service in mainland India?

page_title: Kerala Seaplane
short_description: Indian commercial seaplane service
... that Francisco Esteban Gómez is honored in Venezuela as a hero of the Battle of Matasiete?

page_title: Francisco Esteban Gómez
short_description: Venezuelan military personnel (1783–1853)
page_title: Venezuela
page_title: Battle of Matasiete
short_description: Conflict in Venezuela (1817)
... that season two of Star Trek: The Next Generation featured the first appearance of Whoopi Goldberg, after she requested to appear on the show?

page_title: Star Trek: The Next Generation season 2
short_description: 1988–89 season of American television series
page_title: Star Trek: The Next Generation
short_description: American science fiction television series
page_title: Whoopi Goldberg
short_description: American actor and comedian (born 1955)
... that Wan Long, chairman of Shuanghui, is known as China's "number one butcher" due to the number of pigs his company slaughters?

page_title: WH Group
short_description: Chinese multinational company
... that in the wildlife of Nepal, Rhododendron is the most widely found national flower of the country and its red flower, known locally as Lal Guran, forms the wreath round the national symbol?

page_title: Wildlife of Nepal
page_title: Rhododendron
short_description: Genus of flowering plants
... that Willie Stokes buried his murdered son in a Cadillac-styled coffin, prompting Stevie Ray Vaughan to record the song "Willie the Wimp"?

page_title: Flukey Stokes
short_description: American drug kingpin from Chicago, Illinois
page_title: Stevie Ray Vaughan
short_description: American blues guitarist (1954–1990)
... that the Tomb of King Tongmyong (pictured) is one of 63 individual tombs believed to belong to the ancient Goguryeo kingdom of Korea that were given UNESCO World Heritage status in 2004?

page_title: Tomb of King Tongmyong
short_description: Mausoleum in Pyongyang, North Korea
page_title: Goguryeo
short_description: Korean kingdom (c. 37 BC–668 AD)
page_title: Three Kingdoms of Korea
short_description: Pre-unification kingdoms (57 BC–668 AD)
page_title: UNESCO
short_description: Specialized agency of the United Nations
page_title: World Heritage Site
short_description: Place of significance listed by UNESCO
... that infoboxes on Wikipedia are used to extract structured content using machine learning algorithms?

page_title: Infobox
short_description: Method of organizing information
page_title: Wikipedia
short_description: Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
page_title: Structured content
page_title: Machine learning
short_description: Subset of artificial intelligence
... that Alfred Beckley, the founder of Beckley, West Virginia, found the townsite a "perfect wilderness"?

page_title: Alfred Beckley
short_description: American politician
page_title: Beckley, West Virginia
short_description: City in West Virginia, US
... that the 2013 Bilderberg Conference is the first Bilderberg Group meeting to be held in the United Kingdom since 1998?

page_title: 2013 Bilderberg Conference
short_description: Europe–North America forum in England
page_title: Bilderberg Meeting
short_description: Annual Europe–North America forum
... that Hauptsturmführer Karl Streibel, who took part in the Nazi extermination of Jews as storm leader of SS Battalion Streibel, was acquitted of any wrongdoing in 1976?

page_title: Karl Streibel
short_description: German SS officer (1903–1986)
page_title: Schutzstaffel
short_description: German Nazi paramilitary organisation (1925–1945)
page_title: Trawniki concentration camp
short_description: Nazi concentration camp in Poland (1941–1943)
... that the bamboo network of overseas Chinese businesses links the economies of Southeast Asia with the economy of China?

page_title: Bamboo network
short_description: Overseas Chinese community network
page_title: Overseas Chinese
short_description: Ethnic Chinese residing outside of China
page_title: Southeast Asia
short_description: Subregion of the Asian continent
... that Debby Applegate studied pornographic writing techniques for her Pulitzer-winning The Most Famous Man in America?

page_title: Debby Applegate
short_description: American historian and biographer
page_title: Pulitzer Prize for History
short_description: American award for history books
page_title: The Most Famous Man in America
short_description: Book by Debby Applegate
... that two of the three hill complexes of Booti Booti National Park (pictured) were islands during the Pleistocene?

page_title: Booti Booti National Park
short_description: National park of New South Wales, Australia
page_title: Pleistocene
short_description: First epoch of the Quaternary Period
... that Ravi Shankar, the world-renowned Indian sitar player, was a musician from Varanasi?

page_title: Ravi Shankar
short_description: Indian musician and sitar player (1920–2012)
page_title: Sitar
short_description: Indian plucked stringed instrument
page_title: Music in Varanasi
... that Tom Collins resigned the presidency of RCSI-Bahrain over the alleged government cancellation of an ethics conference?

page_title: RCSI Bahrain
short_description: Medical college
... that the Hollywood Anti-Nazi League, a communist front co-chaired by Dorothy Parker, boycotted Nazi film-maker Leni Riefenstahl's visit to Los Angeles to meet Walt Disney?

page_title: Hollywood Anti-Nazi League
short_description: Anti-fascist Communist front group
page_title: Communist front
short_description: Front organization under control of a communist party
page_title: Dorothy Parker
short_description: American poet, writer, critic (1893–1967)
page_title: Nazism
short_description: German fascist ideology
page_title: Leni Riefenstahl
short_description: German filmmaker (1902–2003)
page_title: Walt Disney
short_description: American animator, producer and entrepreneur (1901–1966)
... that Bigbury Camp, the only confirmed Iron Age hill fort in east Kent, is thought to be a fortress that Julius Caesar's Seventh Legion stormed in 54 BC?

page_title: Bigbury Camp
short_description: Hillfort in Kent, England
page_title: Hillfort
short_description: Fortified refuge or defended settlement on a rise of elevation
page_title: Kent
short_description: County of England
page_title: Julius Caesar
short_description: Roman general and dictator (100–44 BC)
page_title: Legio VII Claudia
short_description: Imperial Roman legion
... that Zainal Abidin acted in over 150 films but won only two Citra Awards?

page_title: Zainal Abidin (actor)
short_description: Indonesian actor
page_title: Indonesian Film Festival
short_description: Indonesian awards given annually for excellence in cinematic achievements
... that other fish pose as the Haemulon and get in their school to protect themselves from predators?

page_title: Haemulon
short_description: Genus of fishes
... that the Bukit Timah Nature Reserve (pictured) is the first biosphere reserve in Singapore?

page_title: Bukit Timah Nature Reserve
short_description: Protected area in Singapore
page_title: Nature reserves in Singapore
... that Lotika Sarkar was the first Indian woman to graduate and to receive a Ph. D. degree in law from the University of Cambridge?

page_title: Lotika Sarkar
short_description: Indian feminist, educator and lawyer
page_title: University of Cambridge
short_description: Public collegiate university in England
... that face-to-face interaction has been steadily supplemented by mediated interaction since the invention of the printing press in 15th century Europe?

page_title: Human communication
page_title: Mediated communication
page_title: Printing press
short_description: Machine for applying ink under pressure
... that in 1976, Jack McAuliffe founded the New Albion Brewing Company, considered the first modern American microbrewery?

page_title: Jack McAuliffe (brewer)
short_description: American brewer (1945–2025)
page_title: New Albion Brewing Company
short_description: Sonoma defunct brewery
page_title: Craft beer
short_description: Small-batch, independently brewed beer
... that Mughalsarai marshalling yard is the largest in Asia?

page_title: Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction – Kanpur section
short_description: Railway line in India
... that Tio Pakusadewo won his Citra Awards for Best Leading Actor eighteen years apart?

page_title: Tio Pakusadewo
short_description: Indonesian actor (born 1963)
page_title: Citra Award for Best Actor
short_description: Award given annually at the Indonesian Film Festival
... that the Idaho-endemic sedge Carex aboriginum was not seen again for nearly 90 years after its initial discovery?

page_title: Endemism
short_description: State of species being unique to a location
page_title: Carex aboriginum
short_description: Species of grass-like plant
... that an Albert Swinden mural (pictured), one of very few of his early paintings not destroyed in a studio fire, was painted over and thought lost, before being rediscovered and restored?

page_title: Albert Swinden
short_description: American abstract painter
... that Singapore has lost 90% of its natural forests?

page_title: Singapore
short_description: Island country in Southeast Asia
page_title: Environmental issues in Singapore
... that Sharmila Biswas, an Indian Odissi dancer, was awarded the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award, conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi in 2012?

page_title: Sharmila Biswas
short_description: Indian odissi dancer and choreographer
page_title: Odissi
short_description: Classical dance of India
page_title: Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
short_description: Indian music award
page_title: Sangeet Natak Akademi
short_description: Indian national level academy for performing arts
... that Arvind Mahankali won the 2013 Scripps National Spelling Bee by correctly spelling knaidel?

page_title: 86th Scripps National Spelling Bee
short_description: Spelling bee held in the United States in 2013
... that Australian Prime Minister Sir Robert Menzies said journalist Sir Randal Heymanson was "the best informed Australian living in America"?

page_title: Robert Menzies
short_description: Prime Minister of Australia (1939–1941; 1949–1966)
page_title: Randal Heymanson
short_description: Australian journalist
... that a team of filmmakers and scientists searching for the legendary "lost city of gold," la Ciudad Blanca, found multiple large-scale archeological sites?

page_title: La Ciudad Blanca
short_description: Legendary settlement in eastern Honduras
page_title: Archaeological site
short_description: Place in which evidence of past activity is preserved
... that the Zamorano Eighty list contains a book so rare, only two copies are known to exist, and one collector planned a burglary to obtain it?

page_title: Zamorano Eighty
... that Kuiu Wilderness and Tebenkof Bay Wilderness (pictured) are accessible only by boat or floatplane?

page_title: Kuiu Wilderness and Tebenkof Bay Wilderness
short_description: Wilderness areas in Alaska, United States
... that the starfish Cryptasterina pentagona and Cryptasterina hystera are believed to have diverged from a common ancestral line a few thousand years ago?

page_title: Starfish
short_description: Class of echinoderms, marine animal
page_title: Cryptasterina pentagona
short_description: Species of starfish
page_title: Cryptasterina hystera
short_description: Species of starfish
... that Major League Baseball pitcher Preston Claiborne is a major contributor to a website that gives tips on surviving the rigors of minor league baseball?

page_title: Major League Baseball
short_description: North American professional baseball league
page_title: Preston Claiborne
short_description: American baseball player (born 1988)
page_title: Minor League Baseball
short_description: Hierarchy of professional baseball leagues affiliated with Major League Baseball
... that Museum Maribo-Bandholm near Bandholm has the oldest running steam locomotive and the oldest private railway track in Denmark, dated to 1869?

page_title: Bandholm
short_description: Town in Zealand, Denmark
... that the Royal Australian Air Force's No. 38 Squadron was equipped with DHC-4 Caribou transport aircraft for 45 years?

page_title: Royal Australian Air Force
short_description: Air warfare and space branch of the Australian Defence Force
page_title: No. 38 Squadron RAAF
short_description: Royal Australian Air Force unit
page_title: De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou
short_description: De Havilland Canada transport aircraft
... that Sarla Behn and Mirabehn's work in Kumaon and Garhwal, respectively, played a key role in bringing focus on issues of environmental degradation and conservation in independent India?

page_title: Sarla Behn
short_description: English Gandhian social activist
page_title: Mirabehn
short_description: English activist of the Indian independence movement (1892–1982)
page_title: Kumaon division
short_description: Administrative division in Uttarakhand, India
page_title: Garhwal division
short_description: Administrative division of Uttarakhand, India
page_title: History of India (1947–present)
... that plans for an elephant to appear in the Guano Apes' circus-themed music video "You Can't Stop Me" were cancelled after the elephant's owner threatened a rival circus family?

page_title: Guano Apes
short_description: German rock band
page_title: You Can't Stop Me
short_description: Topics referred to by the same term
... that on this day 200 years ago, Australian explorers returned from the first successful colonial expedition to cross the Blue Mountains (pictured)?

page_title: 1813 crossing of the Blue Mountains
short_description: Australian mountaineering expedition
... that Michelle Nunn, CEO of Points of Light, the largest organization in the U.S. devoted to volunteer service, is considering running for the U.S. Senate, where her father once served?

page_title: Michelle Nunn
short_description: American nonprofit executive (born 1966)
page_title: Points of Light
short_description: American non-profit organization
page_title: United States Senate
short_description: Upper house of the US Congress
page_title: Sam Nunn
short_description: American lawyer and politician (born 1938)
... that Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh, an account of the wars of Thomond in 13th-century Ireland, is noted for both historical accuracy and vivid descriptions of banshees?

page_title: Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh
page_title: Thomond
short_description: Gaelic kingdom in north Munster, Ireland
page_title: Banshee
short_description: Female spirit in Irish mythology
... that leading 1950s New York model Mary Jane Russell won damages after an altered photograph of her reading in bed was used to advertise bed sheets? ...

page_title: Model (person)
short_description: Person serving as a visual aid
page_title: Mary Jane Russell
short_description: American fashion model (1926–2003)
page_title: Damages
short_description: Legal term for compensation awarded for loss or injury
page_title: Photograph manipulation
short_description: Transformation or alteration of a photograph
page_title: Bed sheet
short_description: Rectangular piece of cloth or linen cotton used to cover a mattress
... that upon relegation to the 2013–14 RFU Championship, London Welsh looked to groundshare with Oxford University instead of returning to their home ground?

page_title: 2013–14 RFU Championship
short_description: English rugby season
page_title: London Welsh RFC
short_description: Defunct professional rugby union club based in London, England
page_title: Oxford University RFC
short_description: English rugby union club, based in Oxford
page_title: Old Deer Park
short_description: Open space in Richmond, London
... that Stefan Strandberg was the captain of the Norwegian team that qualified for the 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Football Championship?

page_title: Stefan Strandberg
short_description: Norwegian footballer (born 1990)
page_title: Norway national under-21 football team
short_description: National under-21 football team
page_title: 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
short_description: International football competition
... that the Batmobile was the pace car at a NASCAR race?

page_title: Batmobile
short_description: Fictional automobile in Batman comics
page_title: Safety car
short_description: Car which limits the speed of competing cars on a racetrack
page_title: 2005 Batman Begins 400
short_description: Motor car race
... that the Neo-Gothic renovation of Venezuela's Palacio de las Academias (pictured) gave the façade forty bays containing windows or doors?

page_title: Gothic Revival architecture
short_description: Architectural movement
page_title: Palacio de las Academias
short_description: Neo-Gothic building in the centre of Caracas, Venezuela
... that Karera Wildlife Sanctuary, established to conserve the Great Indian Bustard, is being denotified due to opposition by the local people and the disappearance of the bird locally?

page_title: Karera Wildlife Sanctuary
page_title: Great Indian bustard
short_description: Species of bird