caption dead death_date death_place birth_place birth_date image article_title name
bulgarian revolutionary and scientist dead 1934 sofia , bulgaria pirdop , ottoman empire -lrb- now bulgaria -rrb- 1874 nikola pushkarov.jpg nikola pushkarov
 nikola pushkarov
nikola pushkarov

nikola petkov pushkarov -lrb- bulgarian Никола Петков Пушкаров -rrb- -lrb- 1874 -- 1934 -rrb- was the first bulgarian soil researcher and founder of the soil science in bulgaria .
he was also an activist of the internal macedonian-adrianople revolutionary organization .
nikola pushkarov was born on december 14 , 1874 in pirdop , then in the ottoman empire .
he graduated from elementary school in his hometown and high school in sofia .
afterwards pushkarov taught as a teacher in mirkovo .
in the period 1898-1901 he studied natural sciences at the sofia university .
later he taught in the bulgarian high school in skopje , where he became a member of internal macedonian revolutionary organization -lrb- imro -rrb- .
in 1902 he received a task from gotse delchev to reinforce the skopje revolutionary region .
as a result pushkarov was elected as a president of the skopje revolutionary committee of imro in 1902 .
pushkarov was also the editor of the imro organizational newsletter in skopje , `` freedom or death '' .
as a whole the revolutionary network , in skopje region was not well developed and the lack of weapons was a serious problem .
on the other hand , in some areas , as in kumanovo , the strong pro-serbian propaganda gained support , and other districts , as kratovo , were under the control of the supremists .
before the start of the ilinden uprising in 1903 pushkarov had on his disposal an armed detachment of 18 people , which carried 100 kilograms of dynamite and 200 bombs .
at the outbreak of the uprising pushkarov was a chief of the rebel forces in the skopje region .
on july 22 , the band of pushkarov settled in the monastery `` st. john '' , near the village of vetarsko , close towhere the river pchinya flows into vardar .
from there the cheta could control the traffic on the railway .
the detachment moved from the monastery to the village of novachene and on august 1 , they derailed a military train with 32 carriages .
on 3 and 5 august respectively , they attacked a turkish unit , guarding the bridge on the vardar river and gave a battle in the `` st. john '' monastery .
in the next few days the band was pursued by numerous bashibozuks and moved slowly to bulgaria , because it carried the wounded rebels with it .
on august 20 the band runs through vranje in kyustendil .
nicola pushkarov formed a new band there , which went into macedonia again .
the cheta moved to kriva palanka and in october after a battle in prelesiya returned to bulgaria .
after the uprising pushkarov returned to bulgaria .
as he could no longer return to skopje , as the turkish police actively sought him , he worked as a teacher in plovdiv , sofia and vidin .
later he devoted himself to scientific work .
he dealt with the study of the soil types and created the first soil map of bulgaria in 1931 .
pushkarov died on february 18 , 1943 in sofia .
his native house in pirdop today is a house museum .
on his name was named the institute of soil science in sofia .
