death_date death_place religion birth_place profession work_institutions birth_date known_for prizes image article_title name specialism
5 november 1944 paris , france roman catholicism sainte-foy-lès-lyon , rhône , france surgeon , biologist university of chicago rockefeller institute for medical research . 28 june 1873 new transplantology and thoracic surgery techniques in vascular sutures and pioneering work in nobel prize in physiology or medicine -lrb- 1912 -rrb- alexis carrel 02.jpg alexis carrel
 alexis carrel transplantology , thoracic surgery
alexis carrel

alexis carrel -lrb- ; 28 june 1873 -- 5 november 1944 -rrb- was a french surgeon and biologist who was awarded the nobel prize in physiology or medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques .
he invented the first perfusion pump with charles a. lindbergh opening the way to organ transplantation .
like many intellectuals before world war ii he promoted eugenics .
he was a regent for the french foundation for the study of human problems during vichy france which implemented the eugenics policies there ; his association with the foundation and with jacques doriot 's ultra-nationalist ppf led to investigations of collaborating with the nazis , but he died before any trial could be held .
he faced media attacks towards the end of his life over his alleged involvement with the nazis .
a prominent nobel prize laureate in 1912 , alexis carrel was also elected twice , in 1924 and 1927 , as an honorary member of the academy of sciences of the ussr .
