caption doctoral_advisor death_date death_place birth_place image_size nationality field work_institutions birth_date known_for image article_title name alma_mater
max rubner adolf von baeyer carl von voit 27 april 1932 berlin munich 150px german physiology university of marburg 2 june 1854 metabolism max rubner.jpg max rubner
 max rubner university of munich
max rubner

max rubner -lsb- ru : bn `` er '' -rsb- -lrb- 2 june 1854 , munich27 april 1932 , berlin -rrb- was a german physiologist and hygienist .
he studied at the university of munich under adolf von baeyer -lrb- 1835-1917 -rrb- and carl von voit -lrb- 1831-1908 -rrb- .
afterwards he taught as a professor at the university of marburg and the robert koch institute of hygiene at the university of berlin .
rubner was co-founder of the `` kaiser-wilhelm institut für arbeitsphysiologie '' , and became its director in 1913 .
rubner is remembered for his research in metabolism , energy physiology , hygiene and dietary thermogenesis .
with otto heubner -lrb- 1843-1926 -rrb- , he performed important studies involving energy metabolism in infancy .
his best-known research centres on what he termed the `` isodynamic law '' of calories -lrb- demonstrated in 1873 , and published a decade later -rrb- , according to which the form of human calorie intake is irrelevant to its effect on energy balance , often paraphrased as `` a calorie is a calorie '' .
in 1902 , rubner expressed his belief that this was over-simplistic , stating `` the effect of specific nutritional substances upon the glands '' may modify the effect of specific foods on energy balance , a view that is now increasingly accepted .
in 1883 rubner introduced the `` surface hypothesis '' , which stated that the metabolic rate of birds and mammals maintaining a steady body temperature is roughly proportional to their body surface area .
max rubner is also known for his `` rate-of-living theory '' , which proposed that a slow metabolism increases an animal 's longevity .
rubner 's observation was that larger animals outlived smaller animals , and the metabolic rates of larger animals were slower pro rata .
the theory might have been inspired by the industrial revolution , the logic that the more a machine is worked , the sooner it will wear out .
