nationality image_size residence image article_title birth_name occupation
muscogee 250px alabama menawa high resolution.jpg menawa
 hothlepoya tribal chief
menawa

menawa , first called hothlepoya -lrb- c. 1765 -- c. 1835 -rrb- , was a muscogee -lrb- creek -rrb- chief and military leader .
he was of mixed race , with a creek mother and a fur trader father of mostly scots ancestry .
as the creek had a matrilineal system of descent and leadership , his status came from his mother 's clan .
he grew up among the upper creek in present-day alabama and , as an adult , became part of the `` red sticks '' , a group that opposed assimilation and worked to revive traditional practices .
during the creek war -lrb- 1813 -- 1814 -rrb- , he led red sticks warriors and survived the battle of horseshoe bend .
to carry out punishment for the crime of an unauthorized land cession , in 1825 menawa led about 150 lawmenders in an attack on chief william mcintosh , who had signed the treaty of indian springs that year without the consent of the creek national council .
they killed him , burned his mansion , and confiscated his property , including livestock and 100 slaves .
menawa died about 1835 during the creek removal trek to indian territory .
