caption country peakrating birth_place rating title womensworldchampion fideid birth_date birthname image article_title name
nona gaprindashvili at bad kissingen , 1982 soviet union georgia 2495 -lrb- july 1987 -rrb- zugdidi , georgian ssr , soviet union 2350 -lrb- november 2012 -rrb- grandmaster 1962 -- 78 13600125 3 may 1941 nona gaprindashvili ნონა გაფრინდაშვილი nona gaprindaschwili 1982 kissingen.jpg nona gaprindashvili
 nona gaprindashvili
nona gaprindashvili

nona gaprindashvili -lrb- ; born 3 may 1941 -rrb- is a georgian chess player , the sixth women 's world chess champion -lrb- 1962 -- 1978 -rrb- , and first female grandmaster .
born in zugdidi , georgia -lrb- then part of the soviet union -rrb- , she was the strongest female player of her generation .
in 1961 , aged 20 , gaprindashvili won the fourth women 's candidates tournament , setting up a title match against russian world champion elisabeth bykova .
she won the match easily , with a final score of 9-2 -lrb- +7 − 0 = 4 -rrb- , and went on to defend her title successfully four times : three times against alla kushnir -lrb- 1965 : 10 -- 6 ; 1969 : 12 -- 7 ; 1972 : 12 -- 11 -rrb- and once against fellow georgian nana alexandria -lrb- 1975 : 9 -- 4 -rrb- .
she finally lost her crown in 1978 to another georgian , 17-year-old maia chiburdanidze , by a score of 6 1/2 -- 8 1/2 -lrb- +2 − 4 = 9 -rrb- .
gaprindashvili played for soviet union in the chess olympiads of 1963 , 1966 , 1969 , 1972 , 1974 , 1978 , 1980 , 1982 , 1984 , 1986 , 1990 , and for georgia in 1992 .
she was one of the contributing players of the ussr team that dominated the women 's olympiads of the 1980s .
she won as many as 25 medals , among which 11 team gold medals and 9 individual gold medals .
at the olympiad of dubai 1986 she won all the ten games she played .
she was a five-times winner of the women 's soviet championship : in 1964 , 1973 , 1981 , 1983 , and 1985 .
during her career gaprindashvili successfully competed in men 's tournaments , winning -lrb- amongst others -rrb- the hastings challengers tournament in 1963/4 and tying for first place at lone pine in 1977 , earning a grandmaster norm .
in 1978 gaprindashvili became the first woman to be awarded the grandmaster title .
she was awarded the title after scoring two grandmaster ` norms ' totaling 23 games , the last of which was winning lone pine 1977 against a field of 45 players , mostly grandmasters .
although she did not meet the technical requirements for the gm title , which required 24 games , by exceeding the gm ` norm ' requirement in lone pine , fide found her results equivalent to 24 games and made her the first woman grandmaster .
not until zsuzsa polgar did another woman achieve the grandmaster title through regular tournament play .
in 1975 she had a perfume named after her .
in 2005 , at age 64 , nona won the bdo chess tournament held in haarlem , the netherlands with a score of 6.5 / 10 and a performance rating of 2510 .
in 2009 she won in condino , italy the world senior championship for women .
