caption death_date death_place birth_place image_size nationality ethnicity field birth_date known_for image article_title name
jacques alexandre césar charles , 1820 april aged 76 -rrb- 7 , 1823 april 7 , 1823 -lrb- paris beaugency , orléanais 200px france caucasian physics mathematics hot air ballooning november 12 , 1746 november 12 , 1746 charles 's law jacques alexandre césar charles.jpg jacques charles
 jacques charles
jacques charles

jacques alexandre césar charles -lrb- november 12 , 1746 -- april 7 , 1823 -rrb- was a french inventor , scientist , mathematician , and balloonist .
charles wrote almost nothing about mathematics , and most of what has been credited to him was due to mistaking him with another jacques charles , also a member of the paris academy of sciences , entering on may 12 , 1785 .
he was sometimes called charles the geometer .
-lrb- see j. b. gough , charles the obscure , isis 70 , # 254 , pgs 576-579 -rrb- charles and the robert brothers launched the world 's first -lrb- unmanned -rrb- hydrogen-filled balloon in august 1783 ; then in december 1783 , charles and his co-pilot nicolas-louis robert ascended to a height of about 1,800 feet -lrb- 550 m -rrb- in a manned balloon .
their pioneering use of hydrogen for lift led to this type of balloon being named a `` charlière '' -lrb- as opposed to a montgolfière which used hot air -rrb- .
charles 's law , describing how gases tend to expand when heated , was formulated by joseph louis gay-lussac in 1802 , but he credited it to unpublished work by jacques charles .
charles was elected to the académie des sciences in 1795 and subsequently became professor of physics at the académie de sciences .
