# Module:String2/sandbox

local p = {}  

p.upper = function  
local s = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
return string.upper(s)  
end  

p.lower = function  
local s = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
return string.lower(s)  
end  

p.sentence = function  
.args[1] = string.lower(.args[1])  
return p.ucfirst  
end  

p.ucfirst = function  
local s = mw.text.trim( .args[1] or "" )  
local s1 = ""  
-- if it's a list chop off and (store as s1) everything up to the first <li>  
local lipos = string.find(s, "<li>" )  
if lipos then  
s1 = string.sub(s, 1, lipos + 3)  
s = string.sub(s, lipos + 4)  
end  
-- s1 is either "" or the first part of the list markup, so we can continue  
-- and prepend s1 to the returned string  
local letterpos  
if string.find(s, "^%[%[[^|]+|[^%]]+%]%]") then  
-- this is a piped wikilink, so we capitalise the text, not the pipe  
local _  
_, letterpos = string.find(s, "|%A*%a") -- find the first letter after the pipe  
else  
letterpos = string.find(s, '%a')  
end  
if letterpos then  
local first = string.sub(s, 1, letterpos - 1)  
local letter = string.sub(s, letterpos, letterpos)  
local rest = string.sub(s, letterpos + 1)  
return s1 .. first .. string.upper(letter) .. rest  
else  
return s1 .. s  
end  
end  

p.title = function  
-- http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/capitalization/rules-for-capitalization-in-titles.html  
-- recommended by The U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual:  
-- "Capitalize all words in titles of publications and documents,  
-- except a, an, the, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, and, as, but, or, and nor."  
local alwayslower = {['a'] = 1, ['an'] = 1, ['the'] = 1,  
['and'] = 1, ['but'] = 1, ['or'] = 1, ['for'] = 1,  
['nor'] = 1, ['on'] = 1, ['in'] = 1, ['at'] = 1, ['to'] = 1,  
['from'] = 1, ['by'] = 1, ['of'] = 1, ['up'] = 1 }  
local res = ''  
local s = mw.text.trim( .args[1] or "" )  
local words = mw.text.split( s, " ")  
for i, s in ipairs(words) do  
s = string.lower( s )  
if( i > 1 and alwayslower[s] == 1) then  
-- leave in lowercase  
else  
s = mw.getContentLanguage:ucfirst(s)  
end  
words[i] = s  
end  
return table.concat(words, " ")  
end  

-- stripZeros finds the first number and strips leading zeros (apart from units)  
-- e.g "0940" -> "940"; "Year: 0023" -> "Year: 23"; "00.12" -> "0.12"  
p.stripZeros = function  
local s = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
local n = tonumber( string.match( s, "%d+" ) ) or ""  
s = string.gsub( s, "%d+", n, 1 )  
return s  
end  

-- nowiki ensures that a string of text is treated by the MediaWiki software as just a string  
-- it takes an unnamed parameter and trims whitespace, then removes any wikicode  
p.nowiki = function  
local str = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
return mw.text.nowiki(str)  
end  

-- posnq (position, no quotes) returns the numerical start position of the first occurrence  
-- of one piece of text ("match") inside another ("str").  
-- It returns nil if no match is found, or if either parameter is blank.  
-- It takes the text to be searched in as the first unnamed parameter, which is trimmed.  
-- It takes the text to match as the second unnamed parameter, which is trimmed and  
-- any double quotes " are stripped out.  
p.posnq = function  
local str = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
local match = mw.text.trim(.args[2] or ""):gsub('"', '')  
if str == "" or match == "" then return nil end  
-- just take the start position  
local pos = str:find(match, 1, true)  
return pos  
end  

-- split splits text at boundaries specified by separator  
-- and returns the chunk for the index idx (starting at 1)  
-- #invoke:String2 |split |text |separator |index |true/false  
-- #invoke:String2 |split |txt=text |sep=separator |idx=index |plain=true/false  
-- if plain is false/no/0 then separator is treated as a Lua pattern - defaults to plain=true  
p.split = function  
local args = .args  
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = :getParent.args end  
local txt = args[1] or args.txt or ""  
if txt == "" then return nil end  
local sep = (args[2] or args.sep or ""):gsub('"', '')  
local idx = tonumber(args[3] or args.idx) or 1  
local plain = (args[4] or args.plain or "true"):sub(1,1)  
plain = (plain ~= "f" and plain ~= "n" and plain ~= "0")  
local splittbl = mw.text.split( txt, sep, plain )  
if idx < 0 then idx = #splittbl + idx + 1 end  
return splittbl[idx]  
end  

-- val2percent scans through a string, passed as either the first unnamed parameter or |txt=  
-- it converts each number it finds into a percentage and returns the resultant string.  
p.val2percent = function  
local args = .args  
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = :getParent.args end  
local txt = mw.text.trim(args[1] or args.txt or "")  
if txt == "" then return nil end  
local function v2p (x)  
x = (tonumber(x) or 0) * 100  
if x == math.floor(x) then x = math.floor(x) end  
return x .. "%"  
end  
txt = txt:gsub("%d[%d%.]*", v2p) -- store just the string  
return txt  
end  

return p