# Module:Wikidata

-- vim: set noexpandtab ft=lua ts=4 sw=4:  
require('Module:No globals')  

local p = {}  
local debug = false  

---
-- module local variables and functions  

local wiki =  
{  
langcode = mw.language.getContentLanguage.code  
}  

-- internationalisation  
local i18n =  
{  
["errors"] =  
{  
["property-not-found"] = "Property not found.",  
["entity-not-found"] = "Wikidata entity not found.",  
["unknown-claim-type"] = "Unknown claim type.",  
["unknown-entity-type"] = "Unknown entity type.",  
["qualifier-not-found"] = "Qualifier not found.",  
["site-not-found"] = "Wikimedia project not found.",  
["unknown-datetime-format"] = "Unknown datetime format.",  
["local-article-not-found"] = "Article is not yet available in this wiki."  
},  
["datetime"] =  
{  
-- $1 is a placeholder for the actual number  
[0] = "$1 billion years", -- precision: billion years  
[1] = "$100 million years", -- precision: hundred million years  
[2] = "$10 million years", -- precision: ten million years  
[3] = "$1 million years", -- precision: million years  
[4] = "$100,000 years", -- precision: hundred thousand years  
[5] = "$10,000 years", -- precision: ten thousand years  
[6] = "$1 millennium", -- precision: millennium  
[7] = "$1 century", -- precision: century  
[8] = "$1s", -- precision: decade  
-- the following use the format of #time parser function  
[9] = "Y", -- precision: year,  
[10] = "F Y", -- precision: month  
[11] = "F j, Y", -- precision: day  
[12] = "F j, Y ga", -- precision: hour  
[13] = "F j, Y g:ia", -- precision: minute  
[14] = "F j, Y g:i:sa", -- precision: second  
["beforenow"] = "$1 BCE", -- how to format negative numbers for precisions 0 to 5  
["afternow"] = "$1 CE", -- how to format positive numbers for precisions 0 to 5  
["bc"] = '$1 "BCE"', -- how print negative years  
["ad"] = "$1", -- how print positive years  
-- the following are for function getDateValue and getQualifierDateValue  
["default-format"] = "dmy", -- default value of the #3 (getDateValue) or  
-- #4 (getQualifierDateValue) argument  
["default-addon"] = "BC", -- default value of the #4 (getDateValue) or  
-- #5 (getQualifierDateValue) argument  
["prefix-addon"] = false, -- set to true for languages put "BC" in front of the  
-- datetime string; or the addon will be suffixed  
["addon-sep"] = " ", -- separator between datetime string and addon (or inverse)  
["format"] = -- options of the 3rd argument  
{  
["mdy"] = "F j, Y",  
["my"] = "F Y",  
["y"] = "Y",  
["dmy"] = "j F Y",  
["ymd"] = "Y-m-d",  
["ym"] = "Y-m"  
}  
},  
["monolingualtext"] = '<span lang="%language">%text</span>',  
["warnDump"] = "",  
["ordinal"] =  
{  
[1] = "st",  
[2] = "nd",  
[3] = "rd",  
["default"] = "th"  
}  
}  

if wiki.langcode ~= "en" then  
--require("Module:i18n").loadI18n("Module:Wikidata/i18n", i18n)  
-- got idea from :w:Module:Wd  
local module_title; if ... == nil then  
module_title = mw.getCurrentFrame:getTitle  
else  
module_title = ...  
end  
require('Module:i18n').loadI18n(module_title..'/i18n', i18n)  
end  

-- this function needs to be internationalised along with the above:  
-- takes cardinal numer as a numeric and returns the ordinal as a string  
-- we need three exceptions in English for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 21st, .. 31st, etc.  
local function makeOrdinal (cardinal)  
local ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal.default  
if cardinal % 10 == 1 then  
ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[1]  
elseif cardinal % 10 == 2 then  
ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[2]  
elseif cardinal % 10 == 3 then  
ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[3]  
end  
-- In English, 1, 21, 31, etc. use 'st', but 11, 111, etc. use 'th'  
-- similarly for 12 and 13, etc.  
if (cardinal % 100 == 11) or (cardinal % 100 == 12) or (cardinal % 100 == 13) then  
ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal.default  
end  
return tostring(cardinal) .. ordsuffix  
end  

local function printError(code)  
return '<span>' .. (i18n.errors[code] or code) .. '</span>'  
end  
local function parseDateFormat(f, timestamp, addon, prefix_addon, addon_sep)  
local year_suffix  
local tstr = ""  
local lang_obj = mw.language.new(wiki.langcode)  
local f_parts = mw.text.split(f, 'Y', true)  
for idx, f_part in pairs(f_parts) do  
year_suffix = ''  
if string.match(f_part, "x[mijkot]$") then  
-- for non-Gregorian year  
f_part = f_part .. 'Y'  
elseif idx < #f_parts then  
-- supress leading zeros in year  
year_suffix = lang_obj:formatDate('Y', timestamp)  
year_suffix = string.gsub(year_suffix, '^0+', '', 1)  
end  
tstr = tstr .. lang_obj:formatDate(f_part, timestamp) .. year_suffix  
end  
if addon ~= "" and prefix_addon then  
return addon .. addon_sep .. tstr  
elseif addon ~= "" then  
return tstr .. addon_sep .. addon  
else  
return tstr  
end  
end  
local function parseDateValue(timestamp, date_format, date_addon)  
local prefix_addon = i18n["datetime"]["prefix-addon"]  
local addon_sep = i18n["datetime"]["addon-sep"]  
local addon = ""  

-- check for negative date  
if string.sub(timestamp, 1, 1) == '-' then  
timestamp = '+' .. string.sub(timestamp, 2)  
addon = date_addon  
end  
local _date_format = i18n["datetime"]["format"][date_format]  
if _date_format ~= nil then  
return parseDateFormat(_date_format, timestamp, addon, prefix_addon, addon_sep)  
else  
return printError("unknown-datetime-format")  
end  
end  

-- This local function combines the year/month/day/BC/BCE handling of parseDateValue{}  
-- with the millennium/century/decade handling of formatDate  
local function parseDateFull(timestamp, precision, date_format, date_addon)  
local prefix_addon = i18n["datetime"]["prefix-addon"]  
local addon_sep = i18n["datetime"]["addon-sep"]  
local addon = ""  

-- check for negative date  
if string.sub(timestamp, 1, 1) == '-' then  
timestamp = '+' .. string.sub(timestamp, 2)  
addon = date_addon  
end  

-- get the next four characters after the + (should be the year now in all cases)  
-- ok, so this is dirty, but let's get it working first  
local intyear = tonumber(string.sub(timestamp, 2, 5))  
if intyear == 0 and precision <= 9 then  
return ""  
end  

-- precision is 10000 years or more  
if precision <= 5 then  
local factor = 10 ^ ((5 - precision) + 4)  
local y2 = math.ceil(math.abs(intyear) / factor)  
local relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[precision], "$1", tostring(y2))  
if addon ~= "" then  
-- negative date  
relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.beforenow, "$1", relative)  
else  
relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.afternow, "$1", relative)  
end  
return relative  
end  

-- precision is decades (8), centuries (7) and millennia (6)  
local era, card  
if precision == 6 then  
card = math.floor((intyear - 1) / 1000) + 1  
era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[6], "$1", makeOrdinal(card))  
end  
if precision == 7 then  
card = math.floor((intyear - 1) / 100) + 1  
era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[7], "$1", makeOrdinal(card))  
end  
if precision == 8 then  
era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[8], "$1", tostring(math.floor(math.abs(intyear) / 10) * 10))  
end  
if era then  
if addon ~= "" then  
era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.bc, '"', ""), "$1", era)  
else  
era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.ad, '"', ""), "$1", era)  
end  
return era  
end  

local _date_format = i18n["datetime"]["format"][date_format]  
if _date_format ~= nil then  
-- check for precision is year and override supplied date_format  
if precision == 9 then  
_date_format = i18n["datetime"][9]  
end  
return parseDateFormat(_date_format, timestamp, addon, prefix_addon, addon_sep)  
else  
return printError("unknown-datetime-format")  
end  
end  

-- the "qualifiers" and "snaks" field have a respective "qualifiers-order" and "snaks-order" field  
-- use these as the second parameter and this function instead of the built-in "pairs" function  
-- to iterate over all qualifiers and snaks in the intended order.  
local function orderedpairs(array, order)  
if not order then return pairs(array) end  

-- return iterator function  
local i = 0  
return function  
i = i + 1  
if order[i] then  
return order[i], array[order[i]]  
end  
end  
end  

-- precision: 0 - billion years, 1 - hundred million years, ..., 6 - millennia, 7 - century, 8 - decade, 9 - year, 10 - month, 11 - day, 12 - hour, 13 - minute, 14 - second  
local function normalizeDate(date)  
date = mw.text.trim(date, "+")  
-- extract year  
local yearstr = mw.ustring.match(date, "^\-?%d+")  
local year = tonumber(yearstr)  
-- remove leading zeros of year  
return year .. mw.ustring.sub(date, #yearstr + 1), year  
end  

local function formatDate(date, precision, timezone)  
precision = precision or 11  
local date, year = normalizeDate(date)  
if year == 0 and precision <= 9 then return "" end  

-- precision is 10000 years or more  
if precision <= 5 then  
local factor = 10 ^ ((5 - precision) + 4)  
local y2 = math.ceil(math.abs(year) / factor)  
local relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[precision], "$1", tostring(y2))  
if year < 0 then  
relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.beforenow, "$1", relative)  
else  
relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.afternow, "$1", relative)  
end  
return relative  
end  

-- precision is decades, centuries and millennia  
local era  
if precision == 6 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[6], "$1", tostring(math.floor((math.abs(year) - 1) / 1000) + 1)) end  
if precision == 7 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[7], "$1", tostring(math.floor((math.abs(year) - 1) / 100) + 1)) end  
if precision == 8 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[8], "$1", tostring(math.floor(math.abs(year) / 10) * 10)) end  
if era then  
if year < 0 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.bc, '"', ""), "$1", era)  
elseif year > 0 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.ad, '"', ""), "$1", era) end  
return era  
end  

-- precision is year  
if precision == 9 then  
return year  
end  

-- precision is less than years  
if precision > 9 then  
--[[ the following code replaces the UTC suffix with the given negated timezone to convert the global time to the given local time  
timezone = tonumber(timezone)  
if timezone and timezone ~= 0 then  
timezone = -timezone  
timezone = string.format("%.2d%.2d", timezone / 60, timezone % 60)  
if timezone[1] ~= '-' then timezone = "+" .. timezone end  
date = mw.text.trim(date, "Z") .. " " .. timezone  
end  
]]--  

local formatstr = i18n.datetime[precision]  
if year == 0 then formatstr = mw.ustring.gsub(formatstr, i18n.datetime[9], "")  
elseif year < 0 then  
-- Mediawiki formatDate doesn't support negative years  
date = mw.ustring.sub(date, 2)  
formatstr = mw.ustring.gsub(formatstr, i18n.datetime[9], mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.bc, "$1", i18n.datetime[9]))  
elseif year > 0 and i18n.datetime.ad ~= "$1" then  
formatstr = mw.ustring.gsub(formatstr, i18n.datetime[9], mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.ad, "$1", i18n.datetime[9]))  
end  
return mw.language.new(wiki.langcode):formatDate(formatstr, date)  
end  
end  

local function printDatavalueEntity(data, parameter)  
-- data fields: entity-type [string], numeric-id [int, Wikidata id]  
local id  

if data["entity-type"] == "item" then id = "Q" .. data["numeric-id"]  
elseif data["entity-type"] == "property" then id = "P" .. data["numeric-id"]  
else return printError("unknown-entity-type")  
end  

if parameter then  
if parameter == "link" then  
local linkTarget = mw.wikibase.sitelink(id)  
local linkName = mw.wikibase.label(id)  
if linkTarget then  
-- if there is a local Wikipedia article link to it using the label or the article title  
return "" .. (linkName or linkTarget) .. ""  
else  
-- if there is no local Wikipedia article output the label or link to the Wikidata object to let the user input a proper label  
if linkName then return linkName else return "" .. id .. "" end  
end  
else  
return data[parameter]  
end  
else  
return mw.wikibase.label(id) or id  
end  
end  

local function printDatavalueTime(data, parameter)  
-- data fields: time [ISO 8601 time], timezone [int in minutes], before [int], after [int], precision [int], calendarmodel [wikidata URI]  
-- precision: 0 - billion years, 1 - hundred million years, ..., 6 - millennia, 7 - century, 8 - decade, 9 - year, 10 - month, 11 - day, 12 - hour, 13 - minute, 14 - second  
-- calendarmodel: e.g. http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727 for the proleptic Gregorian calendar or http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11184 for the Julian calendar]  
if parameter then  
if parameter == "calendarmodel" then data.calendarmodel = mw.ustring.match(data.calendarmodel, "Q%d+") -- extract entity id from the calendar model URI  
elseif parameter == "time" then data.time = normalizeDate(data.time) end  
return data[parameter]  
else  
return formatDate(data.time, data.precision, data.timezone)  
end  
end  

local function printDatavalueMonolingualText(data, parameter)  
-- data fields: language [string], text [string]  
if parameter then  
return data[parameter]  
else  
local result = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.monolingualtext, "%%language", data["language"]), "%%text", data["text"])  
return result  
end  
end  

local function findClaims(entity, property)  
if not property or not entity or not entity.claims then return end  

if mw.ustring.match(property, "^P%d+$") then  
-- if the property is given by an id (P..) access the claim list by this id  
return entity.claims[property]  
else  
property = mw.wikibase.resolvePropertyId(property)  
if not property then return end  

return entity.claims[property]  
end  
end  

local function getSnakValue(snak, parameter)  
if snak.snaktype == "value" then  
-- call the respective snak parser  
if snak.datavalue.type == "string" then return snak.datavalue.value  
elseif snak.datavalue.type == "globecoordinate" then return printDatavalueCoordinate(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)  
elseif snak.datavalue.type == "quantity" then return printDatavalueQuantity(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)  
elseif snak.datavalue.type == "time" then return printDatavalueTime(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)  
elseif snak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid" then return printDatavalueEntity(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)  
elseif snak.datavalue.type == "monolingualtext" then return printDatavalueMonolingualText(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)  
end  
end  
return mw.wikibase.renderSnak(snak)  
end  

local function getQualifierSnak(claim, qualifierId)  
-- a "snak" is Wikidata terminology for a typed key/value pair  
-- a claim consists of a main snak holding the main information of this claim,  
-- as well as a list of attribute snaks and a list of references snaks  
if qualifierId then  
-- search the attribute snak with the given qualifier as key  
if claim.qualifiers then  
local qualifier = claim.qualifiers[qualifierId]  
if qualifier then return qualifier[1] end  
end  
return nil, printError("qualifier-not-found")  
else  
-- otherwise return the main snak  
return claim.mainsnak  
end  
end  

local function getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameter)  
local error  
local snak  
snak, error = getQualifierSnak(claim, qualifierId)  
if snak then  
return getSnakValue(snak, parameter)  
else  
return nil, error  
end  
end  

local function getReferences(, claim)  
local result = ""  
-- traverse through all references  
for ref in pairs(claim.references or {}) do  
local refparts  
-- traverse through all parts of the current reference  
for snakkey, snakval in orderedpairs(claim.references[ref].snaks or {}, claim.references[ref]["snaks-order"]) do  
if refparts then refparts = refparts .. ", " else refparts = "" end  
-- output the label of the property of the reference part, e.g. "imported from" for P143  
refparts = refparts .. tostring(mw.wikibase.label(snakkey)) .. ": "  
-- output all values of this reference part, e.g. "German Wikipedia" and "English Wikipedia" if the referenced claim was imported from both sites  
for snakidx = 1, #snakval do  
if snakidx > 1 then refparts = refparts .. ", " end  
refparts = refparts .. getSnakValue(snakval[snakidx])  
end  
end  
if refparts then result = result .. :extensionTag("ref", refparts) end  
end  
return result  
end  

local function parseInput  
local qid = .args.qid  
if qid and (#qid == 0) then qid = nil end  
local propertyID = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
local input_parm = mw.text.trim(.args[2] or "")  
if input_parm ~= "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then  
return false, input_parm, nil, nil  
end  
local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(qid)  
local claims  
if entity and entity.claims then  
claims = entity.claims[propertyID]  
if not claims then  
return false, "", nil, nil  
end  
else  
return false, "", nil, nil  
end  
return true, entity, claims, propertyID  
end  
local function isType(claims, type)  
return claims[1] and claims[1].mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and claims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.type == type  
end  
local function getValue(entity, claims, propertyID, delim, labelHook)  
if labelHook == nil then  
labelHook = function (qnumber)  
return nil;  
end  
end  
if isType(claims, "wikibase-entityid") then  
local out = {}  
for k, v in pairs(claims) do  
local qnumber = "Q" .. v.mainsnak.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]  
local sitelink = mw.wikibase.sitelink(qnumber)  
local label = labelHook(qnumber) or mw.wikibase.label(qnumber) or qnumber  
if sitelink then  
out[#out + 1] = "" .. label .. ""  
else  
out[#out + 1] = "" .. label .. "<abbr title='" .. i18n["errors"]["local-article-not-found"] .. "'>[*]</abbr>"  
end  
end  
return table.concat(out, delim)  
else  
-- just return best values  
return entity:formatPropertyValues(propertyID).value  
end  
end  

---
-- module global functions  

if debug then  
function p.inspectI18n  
local val = i18n  
for _, key in pairs(.args) do  
key = mw.text.trim(key)  
val = val[key]  
end  
return val  
end  
end  

function p.descriptionIn  
local langcode = .args[1]  
local id = .args[2]  
-- return description of a Wikidata entity in the given language or the default language of this Wikipedia site  
return mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(id).descriptions[langcode or wiki.langcode].value  
end  

function p.labelIn  
local langcode = .args[1]  
local id = .args[2]  
-- return label of a Wikidata entity in the given language or the default language of this Wikipedia site  
return mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(id).labels[langcode or wiki.langcode].value  
end  

-- This is used to get a value, or a comma separated list of them if multiple values exist  
p.getValue = function  
local delimdefault = ", " -- **internationalise later**  
local delim = .args.delimiter or ""  
delim = string.gsub(delim, '"', '')  
if #delim == 0 then  
delim = delimdefault  
end  
local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
return getValue(errorOrentity, claims, propertyID, delim)  
end  

-- Same as above, but uses the short name property for label if available.  
p.getValueShortName = function  
local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
-- if wiki-linked value output as link if possible  
local function labelHook (qnumber)  
local label  
local claimEntity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qnumber)  
if claimEntity ~= nil then  
if claimEntity.claims.P1813 then  
for k2, v2 in pairs(claimEntity.claims.P1813) do  
if v2.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language == "en" then  
label = v2.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text  
end  
end  
end  
end  
if label == nil or label == "" then return nil end  
return label  
end  
return getValue(errorOrentity, claims, propertyID, ", ", labelHook);  
end  

-- This is used to get a value, or a comma separated list of them if multiple values exist  
-- from an arbitrary entry by using its QID.  
-- Use :  
-- E.g.: - to fetch value of 'spouse' (P26) from 'Richard Burton' (Q151973)  
-- Please use sparingly - this is an *expensive call*.  
p.getValueFromID = function  
local itemID = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
local propertyID = mw.text.trim(.args[2] or "")  
local input_parm = mw.text.trim(.args[3] or "")  
if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then  
local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(itemID)  
local claims  
if entity and entity.claims then  
claims = entity.claims[propertyID]  
end  
if claims then  
return getValue(entity, claims, propertyID, ", ")  
else  
return ""  
end  
else  
return input_parm  
end  
end  
local function getQualifier(, outputHook)  
local propertyID = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
local qualifierID = mw.text.trim(.args[2] or "")  
local input_parm = mw.text.trim(.args[3] or "")  
if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then  
local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject  
if entity.claims[propertyID] ~= nil then  
local out = {}  
for k, v in pairs(entity.claims[propertyID]) do  
for k2, v2 in pairs(v.qualifiers[qualifierID]) do  
if v2.snaktype == 'value' then  
out[#out + 1] = outputHook(v2);  
end  
end  
end  
return table.concat(out, ", "), true  
else  
return "", false  
end  
else  
return input_parm, false  
end  
end  
p.getQualifierValue = function  
local function outputValue(value)  
local qnumber = "Q" .. value.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]  
if (mw.wikibase.sitelink(qnumber)) then  
return "" .. mw.wikibase.sitelink(qnumber) .. ""  
else  
return "" ..qnumber .. "<abbr title='" .. i18n["errors"]["local-article-not-found"] .. "'>[*]</abbr>"  
end  
end  
return (getQualifier(, outputValue))  
end  

-- This is used to get a value like 'male' (for property p21) which won't be linked and numbers without the thousand separators  
p.getRawValue = function  
local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
local result = entity:formatPropertyValues(propertyID, mw.wikibase.entity.claimRanks).value  
-- if number type: remove thousand separators, bounds and units  
if isType(claims, "quantity") then  
result = mw.ustring.gsub(result, "(%d),(%d)", "%1%2")  
result = mw.ustring.gsub(result, "(%d)±.*", "%1")  
end  
return result  
end  

-- This is used to get the unit name for the numeric value returned by getRawValue  
p.getUnits = function  
local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
local result = entity:formatPropertyValues(propertyID, mw.wikibase.entity.claimRanks).value  
if isType(claims, "quantity") then  
result = mw.ustring.sub(result, mw.ustring.find(result, " ")+1, -1)  
end  
return result  
end  

-- This is used to get the unit's QID to use with the numeric value returned by getRawValue  
p.getUnitID = function  
local go, errorOrentity, claims = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
local result  
if isType(claims, "quantity") then  
-- get the url for the unit entry on Wikidata:  
result = claims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit  
-- and just reurn the last bit from "Q" to the end (which is the QID):  
result = mw.ustring.sub(result, mw.ustring.find(result, "Q"), -1)  
end  
return result  
end  

p.getRawQualifierValue = function  
local function outputHook(value)  
if value.datavalue.value["numeric-id"] then  
return mw.wikibase.label("Q" .. value.datavalue.value["numeric-id"])  
else  
return value.datavalue.value  
end  
end  
local ret, gotData = getQualifier(, outputHook)  
if gotData then  
ret = string.upper(string.sub(ret, 1, 1)) .. string.sub(ret, 2)  
end  
return ret  
end  

-- This is used to get a date value for date_of_birth (P569), etc. which won't be linked  
-- Dates and times are stored in ISO 8601 format (sort of).  
-- At present the local formatDate(date, precision, timezone) function doesn't handle timezone  
-- So I'll just supply "Z" in the call to formatDate below:  
p.getDateValue = function  
local date_format = mw.text.trim(.args[3] or i18n["datetime"]["default-format"])  
local date_addon = mw.text.trim(.args[4] or i18n["datetime"]["default-addon"])  
local go, errorOrentity, claims = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
local out = {}  
for k, v in pairs(claims) do  
if v.mainsnak.datavalue.type == 'time' then  
local timestamp = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.time  
local dateprecision = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.precision  
-- A year can be stored like this: "+1872-00-00T00:00:00Z",  
-- which is processed here as if it were the day before "+1872-01-01T00:00:00Z",  
-- and that's the last day of 1871, so the year is wrong.  
-- So fix the month 0, day 0 timestamp to become 1 January instead:  
timestamp = timestamp:gsub("%-00%-00T", "-01-01T")  
out[#out + 1] = parseDateFull(timestamp, dateprecision, date_format, date_addon)  
end  
end  
return table.concat(out, ", ")  
end  
p.getQualifierDateValue = function  
local date_format = mw.text.trim(.args[4] or i18n["datetime"]["default-format"])  
local date_addon = mw.text.trim(.args[5] or i18n["datetime"]["default-addon"])  
local function outputHook(value)  
local timestamp = value.datavalue.value.time  
return parseDateValue(timestamp, date_format, date_addon)  
end  
return (getQualifier(, outputHook))  
end  

-- This is used to fetch all of the images with a particular property, e.g. image (P18), Gene Atlas Image (P692), etc.  
-- Parameters are | propertyID | value / FETCH_WIKIDATA / nil | separator (default=space) | size (default=)  
-- It will return a standard wiki-markup for each image with a selectable size and separator (which may be html)  
-- e.g.  
-- e.g.  
-- If a property is chosen that is not of type "commonsMedia", it will return empty text.  
p.getImages = function  
local sep = mw.text.trim(.args[3] or " ")  
local imgsize = mw.text.trim(.args[4] or "")  
local go, errorOrentity, claims = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
if (claims[1] and claims[1].mainsnak.datatype == "commonsMedia") then  
local out = {}  
for k, v in pairs(claims) do  
local filename = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value  
out[#out + 1] = ""  
end  
return table.concat(out, sep)  
else  
return ""  
end  
end  

-- This is used to get the TA98 (Terminologia Anatomica first edition 1998) values like 'A01.1.00.005' (property P1323)  
-- which are then linked to http://www.unifr.ch/ifaa/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/01.1.00.005%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm  
-- uses the newer mw.wikibase calls instead of directly using the snaks  
-- formatPropertyValues returns a table with the P1323 values concatenated with ", " so we have to split them out into a table in order to construct the return string  
p.getTAValue = function  
local ent = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject  
local props = ent:formatPropertyValues('P1323')  
local out = {}  
local t = {}  
for k, v in pairs(props) do  
if k == 'value' then  
t = mw.text.split( v, ", ")  
for k2, v2 in pairs(t) do  
out[#out + 1] = ".. string.sub(v2, 2) .. "%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm " .. v2 .. ""  
end  
end  
end  
local ret = table.concat(out, "  
")  
if #ret == 0 then  
ret = "Invalid TA"  
end  
return ret  
end  

---
This is used to return an image legend from Wikidata  
image is property P18  
image legend is property P2096  

Call as  
Returns PARAMETER, unless it is equal to "FETCH_WIKIDATA", from Item QID (expensive call)  
If QID is omitted or blank, the current article is used (not an expensive call)  
If lang is omitted, it uses the local wiki language, otherwise it uses the provided ISO-639 language code  
ISO-639: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13214_01/wli/docs92/xref/xqisocodes.html#wp1252447  

Ranks are: 'preferred' > 'normal'  
This returns the label from the first image with 'preferred' rank  
Or the label from the first image with 'normal' rank if preferred returns nothing  
Ranks: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Wikibase_Client/Lua  

p.getImageLegend = function  
-- look for named parameter id; if it's blank make it nil  
local id = .args.id  
if id and (#id == 0) then  
id = nil  
end  

-- look for named parameter lang  
-- it should contain a two-character ISO-639 language code  
-- if it's blank fetch the language of the local wiki  
local lang = .args.lang  
if (not lang) or (#lang < 2) then  
lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage.code  
end  

-- first unnamed parameter is the local parameter, if supplied  
local input_parm = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")  
if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then  
local ent = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(id)  
local imgs  
if ent and ent.claims then  
imgs = ent.claims.P18  
end  
local imglbl  
if imgs then  
-- look for an image with 'preferred' rank  
for k1, v1 in pairs(imgs) do  
if v1.rank == "preferred" and v1.qualifiers and v1.qualifiers.P2096 then  
local imglbls = v1.qualifiers.P2096  
for k2, v2 in pairs(imglbls) do  
if v2.datavalue.value.language == lang then  
imglbl = v2.datavalue.value.text  
break  
end  
end  
end  
end  
-- if we don't find one, look for an image with 'normal' rank  
if (not imglbl) then  
for k1, v1 in pairs(imgs) do  
if v1.rank == "normal" and v1.qualifiers and v1.qualifiers.P2096 then  
local imglbls = v1.qualifiers.P2096  
for k2, v2 in pairs(imglbls) do  
if v2.datavalue.value.language == lang then  
imglbl = v2.datavalue.value.text  
break  
end  
end  
end  
end  
end  
end  
return imglbl  
else  
return input_parm  
end  
end  

-- This is used to get the QIDs of all of the values of a property, as a comma separated list if multiple values exist  
-- Usage:  
-- Usage:  

p.getPropertyIDs = function  
local go, errorOrentity, propclaims = parseInput  
if not go then  
return errorOrentity  
end  
local entity = errorOrentity  
-- if wiki-linked value collect the QID in a table  
if (propclaims[1] and propclaims[1].mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and propclaims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid") then  
local out = {}  
for k, v in pairs(propclaims) do  
out[#out + 1] = "Q" .. v.mainsnak.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]  
end  
return table.concat(out, ", ")  
else  
-- not a wikibase-entityid, so return empty  
return ""  
end  
end  

-- returns the page id (Q...) of the current page or nothing of the page is not connected to Wikidata  
function p.pageId  
local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject  
if not entity then return nil else return entity.id end  
end  

function p.claim  
local property = .args[1] or ""  
local id = .args["id"]  
local qualifierId = .args["qualifier"]  
local parameter = .args["parameter"]  
local list = .args["list"]  
local references = .args["references"]  
local showerrors = .args["showerrors"]  
local default = .args["default"]  
if default then showerrors = nil end  

-- get wikidata entity  
local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(id)  
if not entity then  
if showerrors then return printError("entity-not-found") else return default end  
end  
-- fetch the first claim of satisfying the given property  
local claims = findClaims(entity, property)  
if not claims or not claims[1] then  
if showerrors then return printError("property-not-found") else return default end  
end  

-- get initial sort indices  
local sortindices = {}  
for idx in pairs(claims) do  
sortindices[#sortindices + 1] = idx  
end  
-- sort by claim rank  
local comparator = function(a, b)  
local rankmap = { deprecated = 2, normal = 1, preferred = 0 }  
local ranka = rankmap[claims[a].rank or "normal"] .. string.format("%08d", a)  
local rankb = rankmap[claims[b].rank or "normal"] .. string.format("%08d", b)  
return ranka < rankb  
end  
table.sort(sortindices, comparator)  

local result  
local error  
if list then  
local value  
-- iterate over all elements and return their value (if existing)  
result = {}  
for idx in pairs(claims) do  
local claim = claims[sortindices[idx]]  
value, error = getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameter)  
if not value and showerrors then value = error end  
if value and references then value = value .. getReferences(, claim) end  
result[#result + 1] = value  
end  
result = table.concat(result, list)  
else  
-- return first element  
local claim = claims[sortindices[1]]  
result, error = getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameter)  
if result and references then result = result .. getReferences(, claim) end  
end  

if result then return result else  
if showerrors then return error else return default end  
end  
end  

-- look into entity object  
function p.ViewSomething  
local f = (.args[1] or .args.id) and or :getParent  
local id = f.args.id  
if id and (#id == 0) then  
id = nil  
end  
local data = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(id)  
if not data then  
return nil  
end  

local i = 1  
while true do  
local index = f.args[i]  
if not index then  
if type(data) == "table" then  
return mw.text.jsonEncode(data, mw.text.JSON_PRESERVE_KEYS + mw.text.JSON_PRETTY)  
else  
return tostring(data)  
end  
end  

data = data[index] or data[tonumber(index)]  
if not data then  
return  
end  

i = i + 1  
end  
end  

-- getting sitelink of a given wiki  
-- get sitelink of current item if qid not supplied  
function p.getSiteLink  
local qid = .args.qid  
if qid == "" then qid = nil end  
local f = mw.text.trim( .args[1] or "")  
local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid)  
if not entity then  
return  
end  
local link = entity:getSitelink( f )  
if not link then  
return  
end  
return link  
end  

function p.Dump  
local f = (.args[1] or .args.id) and or :getParent  
local data = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(f.args.id)  
if not data then  
return i18n.warnDump  
end  

local i = 1  
while true do  
local index = f.args[i]  
if not index then  
return "<pre>"..mw.dumpObject(data).."</pre>".. i18n.warnDump  
end  

data = data[index] or data[tonumber(index)]  
if not data then  
return i18n.warnDump  
end  

i = i + 1  
end  
end  

return p