["akk-x-neoassyr"] = "Neo-Assyrian Akkadian",
["akk-x-neobabyl"] = "Neo-Babylonian Akkadian",
["akk-x-old"] = "Old Akkadian",
["akk-x-oldassyr"] = "Old Assyrian Akkadian",
["akk-x-oldbabyl"] = "Old Babylonian Akkadian",
["alg-x-proto"] = "Proto-Algonquian", -- alg in IANA is Algonquian languages
["ca-x-old"] = "Old Catalan",
["cel-x-combrit"] = "Common Brittonic", -- cel in IANA is Celtic languages
["cel-x-proto"] = "Proto-Celtic",
["egy-x-demotic"] = "Demotic Egyptian",
["egy-x-late"] = "Late Egyptian",
["egy-x-middle"] = "Middle Egyptian",
["egy-x-old"] = "Old Egyptian",
["gem-x-proto"] = "Proto-Germanic", -- gem in IANA is Germanic languages
["gmw-x-ecg"] = "East Central German",
["grc-x-aeolic"] = "Aeolic Greek", -- these grc-x-... codes are preferred alternates to the non-standard catchall code grc-gre
["grc-x-arcadcyp"] = "Arcadocypriot Greek",
["grc-x-attic"] = "Attic Greek",
["grc-x-biblical"] = "Biblical Greek",
["grc-x-byzant"] = "Byzantine Greek",
["grc-x-classic"] = "Classical Greek",
["grc-x-doric"] = "Doric Greek",
["grc-x-hellen"] = "Hellenistic Greek",
["grc-x-ionic"] = "Ionic Greek",
["grc-x-koine"] = "Koinē Greek",
["grc-x-medieval"] = "Medieval Greek",
["grc-x-patris"] = "Patristic Greek",
["grk-x-proto"] = "Proto-Greek", -- grk in IANA is Greek languages
["iir-x-proto"] = "Proto-Indo-Iranian", -- iir in IANA is Indo-Iranian Languages
["inc-x-mitanni"] = "Mitanni-Aryan", -- inc in IANA is Indic languages
["inc-x-proto"] = "Proto-Indo-Aryan",
["ine-x-anatolia"] = "Anatolian languages",
["ine-x-proto"] = "Proto-Indo-European",
["ira-x-proto"] = "Proto-Iranian", -- ira in IANA is Iranian languages
["itc-x-proto"] = "Proto-Italic", -- itc in IANA is Italic languages
["ksh-x-colog"] = "Colognian", -- en.wiki article is Colognian; ksh (Kölsch) redirects there
["la-x-medieval"] = "Medieval Latin",
["la-x-new"] = "New Latin",
["lmo-x-berg"] = "Bergamasque", -- lmo in IANA is Lombard; Bergamasque is a dialect
["lmo-x-cremish"] = "Cremish", -- lmo in IANA is Lombard; Cremish is a dialect
["lmo-x-milanese"] = "Milanese", -- lmo in IANA is Lombard; Milanese is a dialect
["mis-x-ripuar"] = "Ripuarian", -- replaces improper use of ksh in wp_languages
["prg-x-old"] = "Old Prussian",
["sem-x-ammonite"] = "Ammonite",
["sem-x-aramaic"] = "Aramaic",
["sem-x-canaan"] = "Canaanite languages",
["sem-x-dumaitic"] = "Dumaitic",
["sem-x-egurage"] = "Eastern Gurage",
["sem-x-hatran"] = "Hatran Aramaic",
["sem-x-oldsoara"] = "Old South Arabian",
["sem-x-palmyren"] = "Palmyrene Aramaic",
["sem-x-proto"] = "Proto-Semitic",
["sem-x-taymanit"] = "Taymanitic",
["sla-x-proto"] = "Proto-Slavic", -- sla in IANA is Slavic languages
["yuf-x-hav"] = "Havasupai", -- IANA name for these three is Havasupai-Walapai-Yavapai
["yuf-x-wal"] = "Walapai",
["yuf-x-yav"] = "Yavapai",
["xsc-x-pontic"] = "Pontic Scythian", -- xsc in IANA is Scythian
["xsc-x-saka"] = "Saka",
["xsc-x-sarmat"] = "Sarmatian",
}  
----------------------------< A R T I C L E _ L I N K >------------------------------------------------------  
for those rare occasions when article titles don't fit with the normal '<language name> language', this table
maps language code to article title. Use of this table should be avoided and the use of redirects preferred as
that is the long-standing method of handling article names that don't fit with the normal pattern  
local article_name = {
['kue'] = "Kuman language (New Guinea)", -- Kuman (Papua New Guinea); to avoid Kuman dab page
["lij-mc"] = "Monégasque dialect", -- Ligurian as spoken in Monaco
['mbo'] = "Mbo language (Cameroon)", -- Mbo (Cameroon)
['mnh'] = "Mono language (Congo)", -- Mono (Democratic Republic of Congo); see Template_talk:Lang#Mono_languages
['mnr'] = "Mono language (California)", -- Mono (USA)
['mru'] = "Mono language (Cameroon)", -- Mono (Cameroon)
["snq"] = "Sangu language (Gabon)", -- Sangu (Gabon)
["toi"] = "Tonga language (Zambia and Zimbabwe)", -- Tonga (Zambia and Zimbabwe); to avoid Tonga language dab page
["vwa"] = "Awa language (China)", -- Awa (China); to avoid Awa dab page
["xlg"] = "Ligurian language (ancient)", -- see Template_talk:Lang#Ligurian_dab
["zmw"] = "Mbo language (Congo)", -- Mbo (Democratic Republic of Congo)
}  
--[=[-------------------------< R T L _ S C R I P T S >--------------------------------------------------------  
ISO 15924 scripts that are written -to-. Data in this table taken from ISO 15924#List of codes  
last update to this list: 2017-12-24  
]=]  
local rtl_scripts = {
'adlm', 'arab', 'aran', 'armi', 'avst', 'cprt', 'egyd', 'egyh', 'hatr', 'hebr',
'hung', 'inds', 'khar', 'lydi', 'mand', 'mani', 'mend', 'merc', 'mero', 'narb',
'nbat', 'nkoo', 'orkh', 'palm', 'phli', 'phlp', 'phlv', 'phnx', 'prti', 'rohg',
'samr', 'sarb', 'sogd', 'sogo', 'syrc', 'syre', 'syrj', 'syrn', 'thaa', 'wole',
};  
--std= parameter value is provided.  
local translit_title_table = {
['ahl'] = {
['default'] = 'Academy of the Hebrew Language transliteration',
},  
['ala'] = {
['default'] = 'American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration',
},  
['ala-lc'] = {
['default'] = 'American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration',
},  
['batr'] = {
['default'] = 'Bikdash Arabic Transliteration Rules',
},  
['bgn/pcgn'] = {
['default'] = 'Board on Geographic Names / Permanent Committee on Geographical Names transliteration',
},  
['din'] = {
['ar'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['fa'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['ku'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['ps'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['tg'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['ug'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['ur'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',
['arab'] = 'DIN 31635 Arabic',  
['default'] = 'DIN transliteration',
},  
['eae'] = {
['default'] = 'Encyclopaedia Aethiopica transliteration',
},  
['hepburn'] = {
['default'] = 'Hepburn transliteration',
},  
['hunterian'] = {
['default'] = 'Hunterian transliteration',
},  
['iast'] = {
['default'] = 'International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration',
},  
['iso'] = { -- when a transliteration standard is supplied
['ab'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['ba'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['be'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['bg'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['kk'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['ky'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['mn'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['ru'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['tg'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['uk'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['bua'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['sah'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['tut'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['xal'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['cyrl'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',
['cyrs'] = 'ISO 9 Cyrillic',  
['ar'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
['ku'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
['ps'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
['ug'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
['ur'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',
['arab'] = 'ISO 233 Arabic',  
['he'] = 'ISO 259 Hebrew',
['yi'] = 'ISO 259 Hebrew',
['hebr'] = 'ISO 259 Hebrew',  
['el'] = 'ISO 843 Greek',
['grc'] = 'ISO 843 Greek',  
['ja'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
['hira'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
['hrkt'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
['jpan'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',
['kana'] = 'ISO 3602 Japanese',  
['zh'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
['chi'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
['cmn'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
['zho'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
-- ['han'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese', -- unicode alias of Hani? doesn't belong here? should be Hani?
['hans'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',
['hant'] = 'ISO 7098 Chinese',  
['ka'] = 'ISO 9984 Georgian',
['kat'] = 'ISO 9984 Georgian',  
['arm'] = 'ISO 9985 Armenian',
['hy'] = 'ISO 9985 Armenian',  
['th'] = 'ISO 11940 Thai',
['tha'] = 'ISO 11940 Thai',  
['ko'] = 'ISO 11941 Korean',
['kor'] = 'ISO 11941 Korean',  
['awa'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['bho'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['bn'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['bra'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['doi'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['dra'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['gon'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['gu'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['hi'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['hno'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['inc'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['kn'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['kok'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['ks'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['mag'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['mai'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['ml'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['mr'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',
['ne'] = 'ISO 15919 Indic',