# மாந்தரின ஊன்குருத்து மரபன் ஒருமைப் பண்புக் குழு

## ஒருமைப் பண்புக் குழுக்களின் தோற்றக் காலநிரல்

### ஆத்திரேலிய ஒருமைப் பண்புக் குழுக்கள்

ஆத்திரேலியாவில் M42a, M42c, M14, M15, Q, S, O, N, P ஆகிய ஒருமைப் பண்புக் குழுக்கள் அமைகின்றன. (மேற்கோள்கள் 1,2,3,4,5,6)  
மேற்கோள்கள்:
1. van Holst Pellekaan, S.M., Ingman, M., Roberts-Thomson, J., & Harding, R. M. 2006. Mitochondrial genomics identifies major haplogroups in Aboriginal Australians. American J Physical Anthropology. 131:282-294.
1. van Holst Pellekaan, S., 2011. Genetic evidence for the colonization of Australia, Quaternary International.doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2011.04.014.
1. van Holst Pellekaan, Sheila M (March 2013) Origins of the Australian and New Guinean Aborigines. In: eLS 2013, John Wiley & Sons Ltd: Chichester
1. Nano Nagle1, Mannis van Oven2, Stephen Wilcox3, Sheila van Holst Pellekaan4,5, Chris Tyler-Smith6, Yali Xue6, Kaye N. Ballantyne2,7, Leah Wilcox1, Luka Papac1, Karen Cooke1, Roland A. H. van Oorschot7, Peter McAllister8, Lesley Williams9, Manfred Kayser2, R. John Mitchell1 & The Genographic Consortium#. Aboriginal Australian mitochondrial genome variation – an increased understanding of population antiquity and diversity. Scientific Reports | 7:43041 | DOI: 10.1038/srep43041
1. Rasmussen, M., Guo, X., Wang, Y., Lohmueller, K. E., Rasmussen, S., Albrechtsen, A., Skotte, L., Lindgreen, S., Metspalu, M., Jombart, T., Kivisild, T., Zhai, W., Eriksson, A., Manica, A., Orlando, L., De La Vega, F. M., Tridico, S., Metspalu, E., Nielsen, K., Avila-Arcos, M. C., Moreno-Mayar, J. V., Muller, C., Dortch, J., Gilbert, M. T., Lund, O., Wesolowska, A., Karmin, M., Weinert, L. A., Wang, B., Li, J., Tai, S., Xiao, F., Hanihara, T., Van Driem, G., Jha, A. R., Ricaut, F. X., De Knijff, P., Migliano, A. B., Gallego Romero, I., Kristiansen, K., Lambert, D. M., Brunak, S., Forster, P., Brinkmann, B., Nehlich, O., Bunce, M., Richards, M., Gupta, R., Bustamante, C. D., Krogh, A., Foley, R. A., Lahr, M. M., Balloux, F., Sicheritz-Ponten, T., Villems, R., Nielsen, R., Wang, J. & Willerslev, E. 2011. An Aboriginal Australian genome reveals separate human dispersals into Asia. Science, 334, 94-8.
1. Ray Tobler1*, Adam Rohrlach2,3*, Julien Soubrier1,4, Pere Bover1, Bastien Llamas1, Jonathan Tuke2,3, Nigel Bean2,3, Ali Abdullah-Highfold5, Shane Agius5, Amy O’Donoghue5, Isabel O’Loughlin5, Peter Sutton5,6, Fran Zilio5, Keryn Walshe5, Alan N. Williams7, Chris S.M. Turney7, Matthew Williams1,8, Stephen M. Richards1, Robert J. Mitchell9, Emma Kowal10, John R. Stephen11, Lesley Williams12, Wolfgang Haak1,13§ & Alan Cooper1,14§ Aboriginal mitogenomes reveal 50,000 years of regionalism in Australia doi:10.1038/nature21416
1. Gomes, S. M., Bodner, M., Souto, L., Zimmermann, B., Huber, G., Strobl, C., Röck, A. W., Achilli, A., Olivieri, A., Torroni, A., Côrte-Real, F. & Parson, W. 2015. Human settlement history between Sunda and Sahul: a focus on East Timor (Timor-Leste) and the Pleistocenic mtDNA diversity. BMC Genomics, 16.
1. Ref: Presser JC, Deverell AJ, Redd A, and Stoneking M. 2002.Tasmanian Aborigines and DNA. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania, 136:35-38).
1. Hudjashov, G., Kivisild, T., Underhill, P. A., Endicott, P., Sanchez, J. J., Lin, A. A., Shen, P., Oefner, P., Renfrew, C., Villems, R. & Forster, P. 2007. Revealing the prehistoric settlement of Australia by Y chromosome and mtDNA analysis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 104, 8726-30.