# Module:String2/sandbox

local p = {}  
p.upper = function
local s = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")
return string.upper(s)
end  
p.lower = function
local s = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")
return string.lower(s)
end  
p.sentence = function
.args[1] = string.lower(.args[1])
return p.ucfirst
end  
p.ucfirst = function
local s = mw.text.trim( .args[1] or "" )
local s1 = ""
-- if it's a list chop off and (store as s1) everything up to the first <li>
local lipos = string.find(s, "<li>" )
if lipos then
s1 = string.sub(s, 1, lipos + 3)
s = string.sub(s, lipos + 4)
end
-- s1 is either "" or the first part of the list markup, so we can continue
-- and prepend s1 to the returned string
local letterpos
if string.find(s, "^%[%[[^|]+|[^%]]+%]%]") then
-- this is a piped wikilink, so we capitalise the text, not the pipe
local _
_, letterpos = string.find(s, "|%A*%a") -- find the first letter after the pipe
else
letterpos = string.find(s, '%a')
end
if letterpos then
local first = string.sub(s, 1, letterpos - 1)
local letter = string.sub(s, letterpos, letterpos)
local rest = string.sub(s, letterpos + 1)
return s1 .. first .. string.upper(letter) .. rest
else
return s1 .. s
end
end  
p.title = function
-- http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/capitalization/rules-for-capitalization-in-titles.html
-- recommended by The U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual:
-- "Capitalize all words in titles of publications and documents,
-- except a, an, the, at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up, and, as, but, or, and nor."
local alwayslower = {['a'] = 1, ['an'] = 1, ['the'] = 1,
['and'] = 1, ['but'] = 1, ['or'] = 1, ['for'] = 1,
['nor'] = 1, ['on'] = 1, ['in'] = 1, ['at'] = 1, ['to'] = 1,
['from'] = 1, ['by'] = 1, ['of'] = 1, ['up'] = 1 }
local res = ''
local s = mw.text.trim( .args[1] or "" )
local words = mw.text.split( s, " ")
for i, s in ipairs(words) do
s = string.lower( s )
if( i > 1 and alwayslower[s] == 1) then
-- leave in lowercase
else
s = mw.getContentLanguage:ucfirst(s)
end
words[i] = s
end
return table.concat(words, " ")
end  
-- stripZeros finds the first number and strips leading zeros (apart from units)
-- e.g "0940" -> "940"; "Year: 0023" -> "Year: 23"; "00.12" -> "0.12"
p.stripZeros = function
local s = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")
local n = tonumber( string.match( s, "%d+" ) ) or ""
s = string.gsub( s, "%d+", n, 1 )
return s
end  
-- nowiki ensures that a string of text is treated by the MediaWiki software as just a string
-- it takes an unnamed parameter and trims whitespace, then removes any wikicode
p.nowiki = function
local str = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")
return mw.text.nowiki(str)
end  
-- posnq (position, no quotes) returns the numerical start position of the first occurrence
-- of one piece of text ("match") inside another ("str").
-- It returns nil if no match is found, or if either parameter is blank.
-- It takes the text to be searched in as the first unnamed parameter, which is trimmed.
-- It takes the text to match as the second unnamed parameter, which is trimmed and
-- any double quotes " are stripped out.
p.posnq = function
local str = mw.text.trim(.args[1] or "")
local match = mw.text.trim(.args[2] or ""):gsub('"', '')
if str == "" or match == "" then return nil end
-- just take the start position
local pos = str:find(match, 1, true)
return pos
end  
-- split splits text at boundaries specified by separator
-- and returns the chunk for the index idx (starting at 1)
-- #invoke:String2 |split |text |separator |index |true/false
-- #invoke:String2 |split |txt=text |sep=separator |idx=index |plain=true/false
-- if plain is false/no/0 then separator is treated as a Lua pattern - defaults to plain=true
p.split = function
local args = .args
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = :getParent.args end
local txt = args[1] or args.txt or ""
if txt == "" then return nil end
local sep = (args[2] or args.sep or ""):gsub('"', '')
local idx = tonumber(args[3] or args.idx) or 1
local plain = (args[4] or args.plain or "true"):sub(1,1)
plain = (plain ~= "f" and plain ~= "n" and plain ~= "0")
local splittbl = mw.text.split( txt, sep, plain )
if idx < 0 then idx = #splittbl + idx + 1 end
return splittbl[idx]
end  
-- val2percent scans through a string, passed as either the first unnamed parameter or |txt=
-- it converts each number it finds into a percentage and returns the resultant string.
p.val2percent = function
local args = .args
if not(args[1] or args.txt) then args = :getParent.args end
local txt = mw.text.trim(args[1] or args.txt or "")
if txt == "" then return nil end
local function v2p (x)
x = (tonumber(x) or 0) * 100
if x == math.floor(x) then x = math.floor(x) end
return x .. "%"
end
txt = txt:gsub("%d[%d%.]*", v2p) -- store just the string
return txt
end  
return p